{"meta":{"query_hash":"ed32b203643b","filters":{"topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism"},"cohort_total":864,"direct_labels_cover":133,"predictions_cover":864,"exported":864,"export_cap":100000,"truncated":false,"label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12"},"permalink":"https://metacan.xera.ac/q/ed32b203643b","api":"https://metacan.xera.ac/api/v1/cohort?topic=Academic+integrity+and+plagiarism"},"results":[{"id":"W104957292","doi":"10.14742/apubs.2008.2416","title":"Academic integrity compliance and education","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ASCILITE Publications","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Compliance (psychology); Research integrity; Engineering ethics; Psychology; Engineering; Social psychology","score_opus":0.103047058799333,"score_gpt":0.3743271646728122,"score_spread":0.27128010587347917,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W104957292","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.35611457,0.0024200142,0.002530716,0.19947474,0.000577573,0.00056270976,0.000045626704,0.00038057778,0.43789348],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9684313,0.0023813725,0.002084711,0.0020439492,0.0003358433,0.00007755027,0.000042368625,0.00000532484,0.024597595],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989997,0.00015754018,0.0001756584,0.00021452463,0.0002386771,0.00021389096],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990151,0.00023819273,0.000067611945,0.00017812736,0.0003266944,0.00017430069],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00088871026,0.00006859821,0.00008320399,0.00009437127,0.0010973637,0.000038086193,0.0003033692,0.00039755343,0.00021702763],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0016032074,0.00007134072,0.00002712823,0.0004789697,0.0004923778,0.0006339112,0.00003678202,0.0014166851,0.0001545211],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002137366,0.00005487402,0.05555057,0.000006164571,0.0000062222293,8.765944e-8,0.018837629,1.7306648e-7,0.000051839113,0.7997112,0.09218248,0.033596605],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000042187596,0.000003522503,0.0919203,0.000010809137,0.00000415971,0.000008109772,0.0017008303,0.000042937336,0.000010150516,0.024841752,0.88132566,0.00008961128],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0025406196,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00035357053,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.78914315,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008638462,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007825664,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.84401447},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W12723036","doi":"10.1139/g02-125","title":"Ethics of assessment: plagiarism authenticity & ownership","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Genome","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Information ethics; Engineering ethics; Internet privacy; Public relations; Business; Sociology; Computer science; Political science; Engineering","score_opus":0.04492964384209566,"score_gpt":0.35436379157171666,"score_spread":0.30943414772962097,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W12723036","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.70844436,0.000055208555,0.0025061767,0.01364887,0.0014779738,0.00021737455,0.000037985334,0.00008656813,0.27352548],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99381787,0.000047130867,0.0020585575,0.00046403537,0.00043081227,0.000003245919,0.000007419912,0.000006664847,0.0031642402],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985066,0.0003094905,0.00020426555,0.00015719459,0.0005244417,0.00029799485],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99890065,0.0005225127,0.00012356842,0.00017803596,0.00015544481,0.00011979269],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0049368017,0.00007956707,0.00014507138,0.000059298938,0.00041383255,0.000030976495,0.00043551976,0.001487463,0.0013751655],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010370027,0.00007284802,0.00006960994,0.0001710466,0.0004999359,0.000121262994,0.000048119913,0.0051237396,0.000083505605],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006850193,0.00005461879,0.0034764248,0.000024707593,0.00002569133,0.0000032317923,0.08427118,0.0000022546171,0.04822061,0.8625753,0.00031658454,0.001022529],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00033917846,0.00006348127,0.040560763,0.000023669485,0.00005987286,0.0000031541472,0.012346613,0.000063671796,0.0015928904,0.14541939,0.7991148,0.00041251245],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002755938,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0015538341,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7987982,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000034003333,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00047909733,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998088},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1481948312","doi":"10.1111/j.1478-3231.2008.01753.x","title":"Cheating in scientific publishing: the scourge must stop!","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Liver International","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Publishing; The Internet; Scientific publishing; Internet privacy; Political science; Psychology; Law; Computer science; World Wide Web; Social psychology","score_opus":0.06648691236586772,"score_gpt":0.3073931902946208,"score_spread":0.24090627792875308,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1481948312","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.63614744,0.000114305636,0.00020616021,0.023341468,0.0026902584,0.00012450559,0.000013946946,0.000041044368,0.33732086],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9838425,0.00004728149,0.00018358343,0.0007508673,0.0007362057,0.0000062314684,0.000013298775,0.0000032323453,0.014416831],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986472,0.00013300529,0.00014999087,0.0001644352,0.0007041614,0.00020119191],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993782,0.00027295548,0.00006115558,0.00007987525,0.0001639683,0.00004384468],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0020790934,0.000052335836,0.000053595293,0.00010744774,0.0007847929,0.00037604582,0.0007194047,0.00018470678,0.0012985199],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0014008862,0.000041951676,0.000040287232,0.00025976775,0.00047920053,0.0010214304,0.00007678789,0.0008514919,0.00011344321],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000017870732,0.00009986731,0.11918965,0.0000033097613,0.000026643926,0.0000612617,0.19547594,0.000069201174,0.00011929983,0.50246346,0.174458,0.00801549],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002530512,0.000005277874,0.05599441,0.000043776396,0.0000032836258,0.000016891569,0.0111677945,0.002388433,0.000098442004,0.0051081735,0.92477065,0.00014983988],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0069301114,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0023187355,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7503126,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014894735,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00021374841,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99968284},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1488946506","doi":"10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00877","title":"Social-cognitive barriers to ethical authorship","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Frontiers in Psychology","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University; University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Psychology; Cognition; Social psychology; Cognitive psychology; Psychiatry","score_opus":0.07162183964555364,"score_gpt":0.42285878778232877,"score_spread":0.35123694813677514,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1488946506","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.051332854,0.00041424116,0.09297372,0.27531427,0.011115003,0.0006239279,0.000022123853,0.00017785054,0.568026],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9418511,0.00004845606,0.0071080597,0.048333693,0.0009854393,0.00004585387,0.0000075755797,0.00001801794,0.0016018245],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9971241,0.0014001096,0.00022100146,0.000345757,0.00034452978,0.0005645117],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99895287,0.00013368734,0.000050722858,0.00008879511,0.00012649932,0.0006474387],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.004667789,0.00011129389,0.00023859246,0.00022434379,0.00027783052,0.000022782768,0.00039431732,0.0026082797,0.00018608557],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006010659,0.00012162647,0.000053105625,0.0005657042,0.00061943434,0.00008167889,0.000035534296,0.0030938827,0.00020048811],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00018577876,0.000016579035,0.02499538,0.0000013734818,0.00001473353,0.000020048441,0.13923776,3.6715286e-7,0.0000022694621,0.025775898,0.78807056,0.021679249],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00057570386,0.00006604719,0.002083014,0.000014597472,0.000010207832,0.0000021430521,0.04800814,0.000009152839,0.0000072117414,0.33671817,0.61229604,0.00020953116],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005098968,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003809202,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.89051825,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015493034,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003794536,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999206},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1491422701","doi":"","title":"Avoiding the Plagiarism Pitfall: Preventing Plagiarism in Undergraduate Research","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Plagiarism detection; Worry; Cheating; Work (physics); Process (computing); Academic integrity; Computer science; Engineering ethics; Internet privacy; Medical education; Psychology; Engineering; Medicine; Social psychology","score_opus":0.06893632038766458,"score_gpt":0.3967930270592775,"score_spread":0.32785670667161293,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1491422701","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.17099579,0.0006738103,0.0019393878,0.2142444,0.00047571605,0.0008342552,0.0000018980553,0.00018429082,0.6106505],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9777498,0.0006188944,0.00038765607,0.0014243565,0.0005018613,0.000012318009,0.0000028066113,0.000010768096,0.019291515],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9931498,0.0037504495,0.00040060838,0.0003901519,0.0012469995,0.0010619931],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9970596,0.00229676,0.000083770814,0.00025458672,0.00016433474,0.0001409357],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.029395081,0.00015320188,0.00018698195,0.00024069558,0.002788623,0.00025211205,0.0009612785,0.0012076359,0.00012693953],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004189468,0.00011511433,0.00008591844,0.0010389546,0.00041043022,0.00032376178,0.00011028532,0.010468956,0.00019141569],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000020905141,0.00007521494,0.001779209,0.0000046065584,0.0000111428835,0.00002295412,0.03699702,0.00003923331,0.00025757134,0.90819705,0.03666505,0.015930066],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00045019787,0.000072929615,0.005631732,0.00017756058,0.000010786462,0.000009673302,0.052887563,0.0009387298,0.00063230493,0.74182063,0.19697012,0.00039778155],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.011219382,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0070779775,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.80675405,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023623044,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003441069,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99944204},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"methods","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"commentary","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"medium"}],"label_agreement":"agree"},{"id":"W1491625350","doi":"10.21913/ijei.v9i2.887","title":"Editorial Volume 9(2)","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Educational Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Volume (thermodynamics); Environmental science; Thermodynamics; Physics","score_opus":0.02895376262512629,"score_gpt":0.3876490836946617,"score_spread":0.35869532106953544,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1491625350","genre_codex":"editorial","genre_gemma":"editorial","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"editorial","genre_consensus":"editorial","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.016530175,0.00011524093,0.004659511,0.3321672,0.6065262,0.0005345416,0.000092181646,0.000060823946,0.039314143],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.26103002,0.00022266328,0.0072610006,0.0037204258,0.66657424,0.00019404717,0.00012433055,0.000025532772,0.060847767],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99775934,0.00016391171,0.000396878,0.00018719614,0.0011545833,0.00033808703],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9945759,0.00072633947,0.00021447711,0.000080839345,0.0041285167,0.00027393887],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0018053341,0.00012669717,0.00012999846,0.00016605633,0.0007411738,0.000568716,0.0009954831,0.00053054857,0.009340189],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004761181,0.00011830134,0.00020959607,0.00010084356,0.00022029334,0.0014559792,0.00003797516,0.0019248256,0.0009614548],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000221269,0.00008593666,0.0018307691,0.0000012067263,0.00005520399,2.2020326e-7,0.0014647808,0.0000026652651,0.000049411217,0.17276852,0.8199951,0.0037240584],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00018954673,0.000018187528,0.0014889848,0.00001847198,0.000007489216,0.000016183176,0.0016150359,0.00005670067,0.00001956175,0.2310412,0.7654138,0.00011480843],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004476649,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001532242,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.32844678,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00060220115,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0015256127,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998164},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1502821115","doi":"10.1007/s12630-011-9523-5","title":"Academic fraud: perspectives from a lifelong anesthesia researcher","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"editorial","venue":"Canadian Journal of Anesthesia/Journal canadien d anesthésie","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba; Research Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Psychology; Anesthesia; Medicine; Medical education","score_opus":0.02553388892708346,"score_gpt":0.2855534318008133,"score_spread":0.2600195428737298,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1502821115","genre_codex":"editorial","genre_gemma":"editorial","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"editorial","genre_consensus":"editorial","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.23354377,0.07715659,0.000055965855,0.07332844,0.59477663,0.0016754756,0.00038516632,0.00016399393,0.018913995],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.04058025,0.008967875,0.00060414005,0.0002697927,0.940031,0.000011860963,0.00008532724,0.00031777713,0.009131967],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9872089,0.0027660804,0.0021921764,0.0008353744,0.0039386745,0.0030587798],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9809223,0.0021741777,0.002854067,0.0006198892,0.0051800287,0.008249562],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.013558646,0.0010704297,0.0019485562,0.002472419,0.0029052154,0.001012575,0.0052441414,0.009146822,0.0033369483],"category_scores_gemma":[0.010211303,0.0010406495,0.0010323729,0.0011117748,0.0023066062,0.0015974297,0.000034224307,0.028847141,0.0001902925],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":true,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014599906,0.00002100266,0.0003244102,0.000019696292,0.0002274636,0.2893736,0.056195647,0.0000037629766,0.0000012460713,0.00091496,0.651926,0.0008462307],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00055227254,0.00041495883,0.00026612074,0.00094487995,0.00032223968,0.17824472,0.022086216,0.0000014775829,0.000004363242,0.0046957494,0.7915423,0.00092470396],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.4604574,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.23130207,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.34525442,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.005546759,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.070215575,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9992044},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1504334680","doi":"","title":"Sources and Information in Academic Research: Avoiding Mistakes in Assessing Sources for Research and during Peer Review","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Credibility; Newspaper; Variety (cybernetics); German; Research integrity; Academic integrity; Public relations; Academic community; Library science; Political science; Sociology; Media studies; Law; History; Computer science","score_opus":0.6180195238489408,"score_gpt":0.6524922800243458,"score_spread":0.03447275617540502,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1504334680","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.92895144,0.056946278,0.000021377075,0.0065883803,0.00007894426,0.0012124269,0.000007793451,0.0000125416855,0.0061808075],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.895734,0.10305875,0.00011560481,0.00020673682,0.00016353522,0.00011872036,0.0000049747814,0.00001390277,0.000583787],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99407405,0.0020718966,0.000940042,0.00030756427,0.0018351278,0.000771339],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99391913,0.0039599985,0.00040462386,0.00014364682,0.0013267464,0.00024585394],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts","scholarly_communication","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["metaresearch"],"category_scores_codex":[0.045543328,0.00016216954,0.00050876086,0.0015897019,0.0014447623,0.0027461334,0.0014896811,0.00048052814,0.00067942875],"category_scores_gemma":[0.017766189,0.00014836066,0.000044422366,0.0015234986,0.00063825323,0.012136441,0.0004053826,0.004064732,0.0000067348756],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011567037,0.00007053944,0.8524044,0.002512973,0.000038741146,0.0000070298365,0.056127597,0.000020880116,0.012564549,0.0019910887,0.041633897,0.03251264],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008728892,0.000016749073,0.7471804,0.015513812,0.000020127389,0.000010229281,0.0777012,0.0002029445,0.0037098036,0.052669737,0.10153088,0.0005712158],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.014364546,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00070196344,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.10522398,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021174352,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00026936003,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998552},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["metaresearch"],"domain":"methods","study_design":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre":"methods","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"medium"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["scholarly_communication"],"domain":null,"study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"commentary","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W1512296044","doi":"10.18438/b8wk7b","title":"University Student and Faculty Opinions on Academic Integrity Are Informed by Social Practices or Personal Values","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Evidence Based Library and Information Practice","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Kingston Health Sciences Centre; Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Academic integrity; Psychology; Medical education; Medicine; Social psychology","score_opus":0.06131907902301849,"score_gpt":0.3793160799804908,"score_spread":0.3179970009574723,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1512296044","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"commentary","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.07553508,0.00034636812,0.00046047324,0.88920027,0.0002501523,0.0006780995,0.0003400223,0.0002750731,0.03291443],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.83352745,0.014113358,0.0019180647,0.1466409,0.00050675054,0.00000688402,0.00044118482,0.0000079638785,0.0028374197],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99807066,0.00065997726,0.00028223396,0.00016770512,0.00057895883,0.00024047916],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.995263,0.0035368195,0.0008592168,0.000066341694,0.00009232794,0.00018232026],"candidate_categories":["sts","scholarly_communication"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0014257443,0.00014893469,0.00015435711,0.00012437506,0.001381908,0.00038115773,0.0002863448,0.000557623,0.00018092616],"category_scores_gemma":[0.007481581,0.00012888658,0.00003579105,0.00035752324,0.0002461227,0.15021941,0.000060502887,0.0021777137,0.000028530241],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0038132332,0.00018511963,0.005182334,0.00012201318,0.000062810344,0.0000131554125,0.07202163,0.000005586322,0.000010081251,0.5198636,0.3593584,0.039362013],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00034634577,0.00018558219,0.025027288,0.00019408483,0.00003645593,0.0000061947167,0.0915583,0.0001960898,0.000033414024,0.00015944192,0.88207334,0.0001834775],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00011161387,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000015311989,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7579924,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000059403912,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00070043706,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99991816},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1517566539","doi":"10.22329/celt.v5i0.3403","title":"11. Referencing and Citation for Graduate Students: Gain Without Pain","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Collected Essays on Learning and Teaching","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Formative assessment; Citation; Class (philosophy); Graduate students; Mathematics education; Psychology; Pedagogy; Medical education; Computer science; Medicine; Library science","score_opus":0.05199606378351931,"score_gpt":0.355288857287787,"score_spread":0.3032927935042677,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1517566539","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96554357,0.00015340676,0.013251403,0.0009041835,0.00016691803,0.00030344873,0.0000021644391,0.0001458072,0.019529125],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9942746,0.00007386904,0.0012790875,0.00021251041,0.00028184475,0.000024409319,0.000012117603,0.000013623153,0.0038279025],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9973,0.0017007418,0.00015340518,0.00018618602,0.0002985978,0.00036105938],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979377,0.0017184374,0.000105533974,0.000041735195,0.00006321619,0.00013341133],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.009890382,0.00011327393,0.00015650754,0.00012123638,0.0023627498,0.00015800852,0.000085645894,0.0002633146,0.000009572167],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0072529167,0.00010760804,0.000024401366,0.00010283087,0.00007247513,0.00021068225,0.000025040648,0.0013238046,0.000002160475],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013876999,0.00011912222,0.4762514,0.0000862959,0.00007664234,0.0000012197437,0.29238662,0.00005626816,0.00036193966,0.13844658,0.0044359514,0.08763919],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006472579,0.0014321517,0.11002649,0.002182976,0.00038947375,0.00001775375,0.41083342,0.0285583,0.00023904866,0.02701774,0.4102157,0.0026143834],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010637199,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00026093816,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.40577975,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007421696,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000045916073,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99893606},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1519480405","doi":"","title":"The Corporate Corruption of Academic Research","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Alternate routes","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Language change; Political science; Business; Accounting; Philosophy; Linguistics","score_opus":0.24641320630322722,"score_gpt":0.43089103284756863,"score_spread":0.18447782654434142,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1519480405","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8928796,0.0015664938,0.00019306729,0.010728215,0.0012488851,0.0002433365,0.000008583123,0.000051417726,0.09308041],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98847276,0.0021215866,0.000060711434,0.00008579126,0.0005207283,0.0000068665995,0.0000026492357,0.000005596438,0.008723334],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9978319,0.0006932893,0.00020407407,0.000120546414,0.00081782765,0.0003323921],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99826217,0.0008252826,0.0001674833,0.00013228775,0.0004888961,0.00012389441],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.009472511,0.000054149838,0.00008782289,0.00005182996,0.00047008443,0.0000440568,0.00062037224,0.0003043867,0.000018572824],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0020361964,0.00003783959,0.000030029041,0.0002729439,0.0006761616,0.00020122933,0.00008109749,0.0013880935,0.00019816277],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000094489704,0.00001712245,0.046076756,0.0000057549832,0.000025459549,0.000005418518,0.02790872,0.000024546905,0.0007685717,0.8602824,0.04094475,0.023845965],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003278327,0.00009647451,0.0017790939,0.00006790299,0.0000111159725,0.0000036003062,0.021122009,0.00060643867,0.003322097,0.4990199,0.47348735,0.00015619917],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008080449,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00056915305,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.43254262,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000086703425,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00027928475,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99852484},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1534434694","doi":"10.22329/celt.v7i1.3998","title":"Institutional Strategies that Foster Academic Integrity: A Faculty-Based Case Study","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Collected Essays on Learning and Teaching","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Brock University","funders":"","keywords":"Misconduct; Academic integrity; Medical education; Intervention (counseling); Psychology; Higher education; Strategic planning; Plan (archaeology); Medicine; Political science; Management; Social psychology","score_opus":0.05674084967602775,"score_gpt":0.35970822599484675,"score_spread":0.302967376318819,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1534434694","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9083057,0.000038678852,0.005780424,0.0015329567,0.00020714606,0.00030371052,0.0000045693996,0.00027986494,0.083546974],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973693,0.000008728689,0.00032647522,0.00038589007,0.00026252004,0.000024667952,0.000016330832,0.000013878247,0.0015921937],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.99612087,0.0023838542,0.0002277271,0.00038463747,0.0004921455,0.0003907926],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99833155,0.0012031838,0.00013131177,0.00009152615,0.00008200711,0.00016045042],"candidate_categories":["sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0041258773,0.00020636781,0.00025002423,0.00021245966,0.0042319745,0.00030586854,0.0001939368,0.00064978295,0.000055429275],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0027665193,0.00018349159,0.000054874265,0.00019235299,0.0002632208,0.00032298773,0.00004992063,0.00867209,0.000016955293],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00036005498,0.00063573325,0.20057786,0.00009131121,0.00020520754,0.0009119939,0.3609688,0.0039446247,0.00017133563,0.3172978,0.0043375166,0.110497765],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004149706,0.0013274568,0.003596885,0.0006474489,0.00018169115,0.0003948131,0.65344286,0.03253713,0.000053128435,0.00796609,0.29435122,0.0013515743],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005584843,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013595273,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.30933172,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001230619,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00042444575,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99706435},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1552657171","doi":"10.1007/s12630-009-9087-9","title":"Special notice to readers and authors on scientific misconduct","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"editorial","venue":"Canadian Journal of Anesthesia/Journal canadien d anesthésie","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ottawa Hospital","funders":"","keywords":"Notice; Scientific misconduct; Misconduct; Political science; Law; Psychology; Medicine; Alternative medicine; Pathology","score_opus":0.019036558374258276,"score_gpt":0.26678484383111456,"score_spread":0.2477482854568563,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1552657171","genre_codex":"editorial","genre_gemma":"editorial","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"editorial","genre_consensus":"editorial","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.051724054,0.0012284226,0.000004945536,0.05396063,0.8747118,0.00054037664,0.000109184264,0.000022817148,0.017697781],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.005484113,0.0002559916,0.0004024854,0.00043415715,0.9799424,0.0000014752645,0.00002858076,0.00009088041,0.013359945],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9923249,0.0010131352,0.0013266614,0.0006367087,0.0027143331,0.0019842866],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9870274,0.00088060164,0.0012799483,0.0003530617,0.0022459633,0.008213],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","scholarly_communication","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.011644649,0.0006846783,0.0011770026,0.0025634,0.0032234474,0.00233323,0.0020992276,0.0037288214,0.0005379545],"category_scores_gemma":[0.008262884,0.0006666373,0.00042029895,0.00101271,0.0012921843,0.0007280526,0.000014164191,0.010911086,0.00010069248],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009474997,0.000013786665,0.000020049478,0.000016453203,0.00005531754,0.14829531,0.01909295,0.000032380696,8.53779e-7,0.0008655516,0.82753086,0.0039817477],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003415431,0.00079256383,0.00004989337,0.00072405714,0.00017546558,0.11169965,0.0058292868,7.77232e-7,0.0000031971017,0.0010050623,0.8787345,0.00064395496],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.050443027,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.2442459,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.19380286,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0030617944,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.034476228,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995785},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W155298354","doi":"","title":"utilización de la plataforma hadoop para la detección de potencial plagio con indicadores de probabilidad de certeza de las táreas enviadas a un sistema de administración de cursos (aplicable para sidweb o metis)","year":2010,"lang":"es","type":"dissertation","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Humanities; Physics; Philosophy","score_opus":0.017137249856617,"score_gpt":0.3341958641859531,"score_spread":0.3170586143293361,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W155298354","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94795555,0.000629152,0.008552983,0.0013492311,0.00033220154,0.002002303,0.00055036106,0.0005317235,0.038096473],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9682046,0.0026642275,0.0210352,0.0013719323,0.0011957462,0.00074964046,0.00049889623,0.00022435549,0.004055391],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.98487604,0.0050532124,0.0019406043,0.0017068093,0.0018200431,0.004603322],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.988806,0.005886889,0.0015896438,0.0009284873,0.00041052556,0.0023784325],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","scholarly_communication","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.014204094,0.0017101493,0.0018504036,0.0005840494,0.0025518541,0.0011006729,0.0031472857,0.015247319,0.0012407331],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0072975853,0.001759045,0.0010042704,0.0010164051,0.0021380368,0.00090021687,0.00023489002,0.011773436,0.00018476862],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.006286779,0.0044377814,0.39957622,0.004419665,0.0023037074,0.0029380517,0.25872138,0.00068490417,0.052156236,0.20298308,0.009961713,0.0555305],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006828124,0.0018326574,0.23816362,0.004366862,0.005073221,0.006866216,0.13788067,0.017527647,0.23342004,0.18973365,0.14918883,0.00911846],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.04873502,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.032694586,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1812638,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0024712388,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.016186554,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999363},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1554365104","doi":"10.21913/ijei.v1i1.14","title":"Cheating among college and university students: A North American perspective","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Educational Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":444,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Academic integrity; Perspective (graphical); Academic dishonesty; Higher education; Psychology; Mathematics education; Medical education; Political science; Sociology; Social psychology; Medicine; Law; Computer science","score_opus":0.021585796284891455,"score_gpt":0.3815879098520392,"score_spread":0.3600021135671478,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1554365104","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.888991,0.000060227503,0.0008149538,0.10035872,0.0012546834,0.00021002373,0.0001798056,0.000022533733,0.008108062],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9852631,0.0002036919,0.0041774088,0.0007839311,0.0031288438,0.000005036,0.000017395203,0.0000075707717,0.0064130253],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99842674,0.0001766538,0.00024204487,0.00020752108,0.0007147496,0.00023228255],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9971334,0.00058016996,0.0002605324,0.00005009923,0.0017577575,0.00021809591],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012159704,0.000111430956,0.00013682463,0.00018744948,0.0008551145,0.00016244901,0.00065907824,0.00012607397,0.00021430953],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0018219765,0.0001150011,0.00010450086,0.00019249352,0.0005251397,0.00088156626,0.000061120656,0.001260497,0.000013795199],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016213619,0.00030516612,0.43880117,0.0000022474585,0.00024990342,0.000004695366,0.023311358,0.000019253459,0.0000067245733,0.5111004,0.020599108,0.0054378645],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007938388,0.00007727975,0.4502371,0.000062159655,0.0000511138,0.00006907678,0.1511526,0.00028281676,0.00001600577,0.021420458,0.3755108,0.0003267442],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0049536587,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.013661307,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.48967993,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0015122344,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007574816,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.76233304},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1560597338","doi":"10.18438/b8b619","title":"The Launch of a Joint Library/Writing Centre Online Course on Academic Integrity","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Evidence Based Library and Information Practice","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Mount Royal University","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Higher education; Information literacy; Citation; Academic writing; Computer science; Library instruction; Learning Management; Library science; Medical education; World Wide Web; Pedagogy; Psychology; Medicine; Political science","score_opus":0.026856804963296795,"score_gpt":0.3041778787669937,"score_spread":0.2773210738036969,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1560597338","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"commentary","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.04795054,0.0011920864,0.0002870837,0.90441906,0.00029652932,0.0007010008,0.00005144427,0.00018268682,0.04491954],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8723991,0.014494442,0.003669487,0.106819436,0.00048686142,0.0000232082,0.000073029456,0.000012336457,0.0020221286],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9976946,0.0008436515,0.0005808398,0.00011847092,0.0004956437,0.00026678413],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9923488,0.0066285287,0.0005827693,0.00017153978,0.00011421142,0.00015413995],"candidate_categories":["scholarly_communication","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0018129126,0.00012249882,0.0001366151,0.00007600149,0.00065732124,0.0003874975,0.00038763435,0.00042413274,0.0008901006],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0068764123,0.00008801552,0.000049611903,0.00037223523,0.00033168975,0.15875642,0.00009211617,0.0024745525,0.00012641237],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016068813,0.000062538886,0.0017770365,0.0000840903,0.0000148903655,8.7970216e-7,0.0043103723,0.000023920962,0.00002038088,0.9062573,0.050941423,0.036346484],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00019734973,0.00008294268,0.0075079184,0.0006892764,0.000024128338,0.0000031657987,0.039720673,0.0032614293,0.00092611683,0.002208675,0.94520783,0.00017051342],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00019895,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.0580896e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9040486,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000011826558,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005716769,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998268},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":[],"domain":null,"study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"},{"model":"gpt","categories":[],"domain":null,"study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"commentary","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"medium"}],"label_agreement":"agree"},{"id":"W1566603691","doi":"10.18438/b8t89c","title":"Plagiarism Curricula May Reduce Need for Punitive Plagiarism Education","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Evidence Based Library and Information Practice","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Medical education; Citation; Curriculum; Cheating; Psychology; Test (biology); Academic integrity; Punitive damages; Mathematics education; Medicine; Library science; Pedagogy; Computer science","score_opus":0.016414724676141215,"score_gpt":0.3123456484541199,"score_spread":0.2959309237779787,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1566603691","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"commentary","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.004861114,0.0007591124,0.10010707,0.6245355,0.0019451936,0.0018761427,0.000051058356,0.00042021522,0.26544464],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.63219905,0.00416375,0.050507568,0.30471838,0.00222957,0.0003857283,0.0005360001,0.000033692166,0.00522625],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99771553,0.0009134812,0.00044538666,0.0001951716,0.00042387014,0.00030652984],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9924483,0.006377917,0.00049877836,0.00018205665,0.00027055905,0.0002224153],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","scholarly_communication"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003251247,0.00016595244,0.00016410156,0.00021575659,0.0009110195,0.000584081,0.00031597,0.00079756824,0.0002432624],"category_scores_gemma":[0.014225732,0.00016199489,0.00006003068,0.00042299353,0.00022204296,0.1558644,0.00004898702,0.0012082836,0.00009405592],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00021255427,0.000040399496,0.00013654942,0.000060413815,0.000009116804,1.7790296e-7,0.002892784,0.00002173088,0.000014106637,0.88593465,0.058002193,0.0526753],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00027631345,0.0000905218,0.0005190316,0.0003051645,0.000048634687,0.0000057655107,0.011456478,0.0024852157,0.0006500314,0.0037779722,0.9801527,0.00023211673],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00020374669,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.383428e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.92215055,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000033403147,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009421927,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99407786},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"design_other","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W1571989326","doi":"10.4000/sociologies.4728","title":"La restitution des savoirs, entre courtoisie, transfert de connaissances et geste politique","year":2021,"lang":"fr","type":"article","venue":"SociologieS","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Restitution; Humanities; Political science; Sociology; Philosophy; Law","score_opus":0.062053068136657966,"score_gpt":0.35706719352887706,"score_spread":0.2950141253922191,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1571989326","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.53316975,0.07726433,0.0028353995,0.21512325,0.001602515,0.00018037985,0.00023021482,0.0002552218,0.16933894],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8999554,0.08909916,0.001099694,0.0027273884,0.000512431,0.000014041279,0.000033479613,0.000011120747,0.006547303],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9948133,0.0035802964,0.00029475297,0.0003385414,0.00024747406,0.000725608],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99693716,0.0024665722,0.00008276785,0.00013577678,0.0002080347,0.00016972225],"candidate_categories":["sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0028809654,0.00021906586,0.00031746234,0.00002919336,0.0008123607,0.000102804755,0.00031915747,0.0023095668,0.0005834048],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0041793315,0.00021821313,0.00019280307,0.00020812996,0.00824845,0.0004662045,0.000054941436,0.0022383025,0.00007413821],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013777015,0.000049271937,0.008330732,0.000096506425,0.00006559692,0.00010451153,0.11609749,0.000050911764,0.0002857134,0.84711206,0.022270018,0.005523419],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00019031965,0.00004717446,0.007682787,0.0003656224,0.00006266951,0.000053123127,0.15569544,0.000019521596,0.0014981767,0.43715718,0.39694718,0.00028080045],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0048634256,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0028277533,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.40995488,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00043822933,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0023053335,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99898565},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1573641917","doi":"10.18438/b87g61","title":"Searching for Adverse Effects in MEDLINE and EMBASE Requires a Combined Approach for Efficient Retrieval","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Evidence Based Library and Information Practice","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"MEDLINE; Adverse effect; Cochrane Library; Information retrieval; Medicine; Controlled vocabulary; Computer science; Meta-analysis; Pharmacology; Internal medicine","score_opus":0.015872657935911805,"score_gpt":0.295463038146149,"score_spread":0.2795903802102372,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1573641917","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.2757924,0.0022862814,0.4771191,0.20753781,0.00060279365,0.009605519,0.000121457866,0.0003974506,0.026537195],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.89453596,0.0004712962,0.08460451,0.019325545,0.0003160618,0.0001548393,0.0002410454,0.000012116614,0.00033861405],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986908,0.0003718333,0.00032052054,0.00013672494,0.00025094062,0.00022921295],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9913987,0.008175847,0.00020838871,0.000073585914,0.000060809583,0.00008264928],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","scholarly_communication"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0032692407,0.00009370072,0.00012794984,0.00015475601,0.00042918432,0.000181168,0.00011477347,0.0002202507,0.000008310601],"category_scores_gemma":[0.008593601,0.000087493994,0.000031428845,0.00028509722,0.00013092138,0.04463105,0.00003369888,0.00037217024,0.0000012863228],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0037410671,0.00009624662,0.00058651884,0.000728827,0.000008077593,0.0000016501363,0.0036473966,0.0024300823,0.00007339122,0.9825028,0.002040087,0.0041438146],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0043117725,0.00061289326,0.0034992928,0.00080401363,0.00008367392,0.0000066862503,0.010417473,0.61735046,0.0022759256,0.0047603413,0.35538214,0.00049533],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00014878932,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.6137303e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9777425,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000020072557,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00023499053,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997574},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1575402393","doi":"10.25071/1497-3170.2467","title":"Studio Courses and Academic Honesty","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"CORE","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Studio; Honesty; Psychology; Mathematics education; Visual arts; Art; Social psychology","score_opus":0.07261657480420174,"score_gpt":0.36223254537431304,"score_spread":0.2896159705701113,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1575402393","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8765207,0.0022363057,0.000142561,0.0022849431,0.00050523126,0.00012481006,0.000004027647,0.000060396225,0.11812101],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9932522,0.0013608198,0.0001324571,0.00061201816,0.00018983647,0.000003279025,8.208299e-7,0.0000036817435,0.0044448473],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993696,0.00009354123,0.00007486336,0.00011197268,0.00016763278,0.00018235492],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996437,0.00015610733,0.000030502411,0.000050714578,0.00003781331,0.00008119759],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00078414305,0.00005228257,0.000079488,0.000018589131,0.00033616766,0.000012987164,0.00010220653,0.00039516538,0.000147492],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007396753,0.000046695062,0.000015983742,0.00009733854,0.0002630613,0.00008870232,0.000012882058,0.0007426222,0.00005689815],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000052252763,0.000012108468,0.19814385,0.000006664462,0.0000111810705,0.0000072159196,0.024869662,5.3934474e-7,0.00013543389,0.7295699,0.04160281,0.005635415],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00014572137,0.000014871018,0.009447958,0.000021269285,0.00001483379,0.0000057178554,0.012410167,0.000004826966,0.00012348952,0.030129157,0.9475501,0.00013184806],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00016148003,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00013059899,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9059473,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000022314429,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000101726,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.32263651},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1575509464","doi":"10.21913/ijei.v8i1.782","title":"How do faculty members respond to their students' discussions of academic misconduct and academic integrity?","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Educational Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Wilfrid Laurier University","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Misconduct; Presentation (obstetrics); Psychology; Context (archaeology); Medical education; Academic institution; Qualitative research; Perception; Pedagogy; Social psychology; Medicine; Sociology; Political science","score_opus":0.1208383388445477,"score_gpt":0.4745050081811505,"score_spread":0.3536666693366028,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1575509464","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7774362,0.0008973732,0.0013653175,0.21108237,0.0069659078,0.0005246764,0.0005941868,0.000024101695,0.0011098741],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9819081,0.00073006656,0.0030951027,0.0014307986,0.00467589,0.000064902495,0.00008372964,0.000022798491,0.00798865],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9963595,0.00046768814,0.0006987155,0.00032388998,0.0015542696,0.000595899],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9953944,0.0016645818,0.0004942629,0.00014234388,0.0015442276,0.00076014537],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0057795914,0.0002770496,0.000342074,0.00046510503,0.0006486812,0.00027364018,0.0017137433,0.00097038294,0.00044232933],"category_scores_gemma":[0.008992124,0.0002092424,0.00024950775,0.0002907987,0.0004468409,0.002078391,0.00021981828,0.0062486646,0.000017278213],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005001435,0.0004460916,0.1338076,0.00002591716,0.00048923126,0.000001155217,0.078623675,0.000006109121,0.0033037057,0.63641745,0.12930591,0.017072994],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00076411327,0.000097765726,0.048760794,0.000496237,0.00009001646,0.00015341563,0.084764294,0.000015262061,0.001997887,0.10109224,0.7612087,0.0005592674],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00054192526,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00011257674,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6319028,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006035403,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00090734666,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99935555},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1575780569","doi":"10.1023/a:1025008818338","title":"Student Reports and Faculty Perceptions of Academic Dishonesty","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Teaching Business Ethics","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":83,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"PricewaterhouseCoopers (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Academic dishonesty; Honor; Academic integrity; Psychology; Ethical code; Mathematics education; Sociology; Social psychology; Law; Computer science; Political science","score_opus":0.08864809106080487,"score_gpt":0.4209462456888834,"score_spread":0.33229815462807855,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1575780569","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97017574,0.00018112523,0.0030499198,0.0064841746,0.00047599684,0.00016095713,0.000008008557,0.000079973164,0.01938412],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99691516,0.00052885874,0.0009758032,0.00035003226,0.00013110427,0.0000045805014,0.000009981189,0.000009023879,0.0010754322],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99770075,0.0008712146,0.00033342402,0.0002249009,0.00063272554,0.00023697826],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987237,0.0005906778,0.00019014647,0.00014452734,0.0002602851,0.000090663925],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.008894553,0.00010804464,0.0001874641,0.000059156937,0.0011131865,0.000037418642,0.00015698564,0.0011941122,0.00006106528],"category_scores_gemma":[0.009503043,0.00009870062,0.00003621053,0.00019451918,0.0005478009,0.00025672518,0.000047602403,0.005553953,0.0000040917757],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000040993996,0.00008012526,0.29249734,0.00008041979,0.000021919126,0.000014668596,0.34784684,0.000046188226,0.00055623613,0.35526395,0.0012326096,0.0023556163],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002951563,0.000021445578,0.60158217,0.00038895872,0.00012479903,0.000109639775,0.099929035,0.000017511085,0.00009019094,0.04381248,0.25302806,0.00060052174],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00404667,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00045290584,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.31145146,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000059207057,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00039256117,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99884033},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1606412596","doi":"10.22329/celt.v4i0.3277","title":"13. Linking Academic Integrity and Classroom Civility: Student Attitudes and Institutional Response","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Collected Essays on Learning and Teaching","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Brock University","funders":"","keywords":"Civility; Academic dishonesty; Incivility; Academic integrity; Cheating; Psychology; Intervention (counseling); Institution; Social psychology; Pedagogy; Sociology; Political science; Law; Social science","score_opus":0.04166183233391878,"score_gpt":0.33561763115828136,"score_spread":0.29395579882436257,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1606412596","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96202844,0.0006386617,0.0006667277,0.0009278007,0.00015885179,0.00017503265,0.0000033242384,0.00015597872,0.035245173],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99667996,0.0006844082,0.0006334542,0.00020121469,0.00015428773,0.000009814397,0.0000039924703,0.00001078358,0.0016220751],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99648684,0.002127153,0.0002509404,0.00041497208,0.00037088056,0.00034923936],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981145,0.0014364126,0.00011465962,0.00007355367,0.00006792484,0.00019291625],"candidate_categories":["sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0064766835,0.00018051783,0.00023729686,0.00019208009,0.0034028233,0.00013658195,0.0001625829,0.00075651915,0.000040604802],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004336553,0.00017088013,0.000030082103,0.00014860951,0.00056739216,0.0002627386,0.00013882932,0.008407467,0.00000440579],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00072023354,0.00010160193,0.69636095,0.000052590844,0.00007741174,0.00002445856,0.14625253,0.000013180913,0.0003356177,0.12601544,0.00018784148,0.02985811],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0016118226,0.0005956345,0.8899615,0.0013896865,0.00009979263,0.00005863912,0.03147961,0.0018085382,0.000070738824,0.012804659,0.059241533,0.00087785674],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0019350512,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00061719754,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.19360052,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012145632,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00025457263,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9978946},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1731370542","doi":"","title":"Plagiarism Education: Strategies for Instructors","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Learning Teaching and Educational Research","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Windsor","funders":"","keywords":"Plagiarism detection; Psychology; Medical education; Mathematics education; Focus (optics); Computer science; Medicine; Physics","score_opus":0.1469886411925829,"score_gpt":0.49729891436485957,"score_spread":0.3503102731722767,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1731370542","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7917534,0.0012351405,0.0029035879,0.09756226,0.0053552734,0.00018448236,0.0000049737973,0.000016347803,0.10098454],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9787825,0.00014092254,0.008445752,0.0001486472,0.004576685,0.000008726029,0.000011911235,0.000008459959,0.007876451],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9970071,0.0010418607,0.00029492227,0.00012077453,0.0013139391,0.00022140545],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99373746,0.0027655882,0.00019064291,0.000043987893,0.0030042245,0.00025810083],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.013769339,0.00006816408,0.00010769958,0.0004285332,0.00075578794,0.0003948132,0.0005102303,0.00023156745,0.00008413982],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02097808,0.000063790896,0.00005370979,0.00009932129,0.00027817354,0.0006530508,0.00004699683,0.0033303685,0.000010606514],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001369775,0.00013373754,0.011437923,0.000008742088,0.00007057899,0.0000012032363,0.069253854,0.0001467362,0.000046510315,0.79157275,0.07520688,0.0519841],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00024356153,0.000095133146,0.0010167663,0.000096430915,0.000005806148,0.000048487505,0.13251469,0.000076581025,0.000005161156,0.16152394,0.7043001,0.00007333005],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0016644711,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000050025727,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6300488,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00034833275,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0074093146,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99896896},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"methods","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"medium"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"commentary","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"}],"label_agreement":"agree"},{"id":"W1756786833","doi":"10.5020/18061230.2015.p1","title":"Cultura de integridade em pesquisa: somos agentes promotores","year":2015,"lang":"pt","type":"article","venue":"Revista Brasileira em Promoção da saúde","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Honesty; Promotion (chess); Political science; Public relations; Sociology; Library science; Law","score_opus":0.08103088589114929,"score_gpt":0.34587820524861906,"score_spread":0.26484731935746975,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1756786833","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95221823,0.010576131,0.001214626,0.004021829,0.0026153906,0.0038482142,0.0005238298,0.0008219206,0.024159815],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9618952,0.00042825248,0.00096694985,0.0010479054,0.0035750521,0.00019302768,0.00019682584,0.00014871311,0.031548023],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.98989135,0.0026361411,0.0015484428,0.0015161848,0.0021522879,0.0022555892],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9948955,0.00053570175,0.00095835945,0.0009890536,0.0009105143,0.001710867],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","scholarly_communication","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0067202654,0.001141394,0.0014057652,0.00027249096,0.0012230772,0.0022108133,0.002556054,0.0027118707,0.001398282],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005653195,0.0010113121,0.0006696015,0.0014274904,0.0008267333,0.00138352,0.0005561693,0.005241226,0.0021278001],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003675375,0.0011610991,0.039982896,0.0014153906,0.00055423356,0.0006366639,0.45504013,0.000015570376,0.0012389007,0.04579431,0.4354894,0.018303884],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0027805534,0.0014191665,0.010330119,0.004005541,0.001089025,0.00054932124,0.24294771,0.0018075361,0.002438167,0.0035489905,0.72476727,0.004316574],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014351197,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00058240694,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2892779,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0015027381,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0024170864,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995146},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1837958227","doi":"10.19173/irrodl.v7i1.242","title":"Plagiarism by Adult Learners Online: A case study in detection and remediation","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":88,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Science Foundation","keywords":"Certificate; Distance education; Medical education; Plagiarism detection; Enforcement; Psychology; Computer science; Pedagogy; Medicine; Political science","score_opus":0.05647622825857566,"score_gpt":0.443220276838844,"score_spread":0.38674404858026834,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1837958227","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98263395,0.004134111,0.00007665175,0.009371361,0.000048466325,0.00079903926,0.000027379883,0.000006779604,0.0029022512],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.981924,0.01757077,0.000019184723,0.00007944937,0.000059781614,0.000032782133,0.00006410813,0.0000033764036,0.00024656166],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9971931,0.0014977686,0.00032069118,0.00018119342,0.0006225665,0.00018469922],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99851644,0.0010146457,0.00011145922,0.00006259756,0.00025474763,0.000040123192],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.010431718,0.00006118179,0.00014870655,0.00011420604,0.00027203464,0.000110458226,0.00034304443,0.00013040758,0.000033193628],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004718713,0.000048076392,0.000015084364,0.0004619658,0.00020947604,0.00024187041,0.00018945473,0.0017549075,0.0000017648392],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00033471466,0.0009955858,0.7716276,0.00075540645,0.000060792023,0.000523167,0.015871834,0.00015614567,0.0002980447,0.017605005,0.007350569,0.18442115],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004899311,0.0005639002,0.06410108,0.009795492,0.000045814628,0.00028820767,0.74045235,0.0109458305,0.00011515861,0.010578654,0.15762092,0.0005932633],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1425397,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.026822759,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7245805,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014159635,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00011012616,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9909352},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1844909686","doi":"10.47678/cjhe.v41i3.2488","title":"Academic Dishonesty in the Canadian Classroom: Behaviours of a Sample of University Students","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Higher Education","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":73,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"University of Regina","keywords":"Academic dishonesty; Cheating; Psychology; Academic integrity; Dishonesty; Sample (material); Perception; Psychological intervention; Higher education; Medical education; Academic achievement; Social psychology; Pedagogy; Political science; Medicine","score_opus":0.04821132634013943,"score_gpt":0.32136032625744665,"score_spread":0.27314899991730723,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1844909686","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9894409,0.00032233665,0.000002835237,0.0025476576,0.00077393284,0.000095089046,0.000033359625,7.313864e-7,0.0067831445],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986869,0.00003453606,0.000086272266,0.00023280754,0.00011497726,2.811068e-7,0.0000033440597,0.0000028743116,0.0008379884],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99892014,0.00033625774,0.00022471757,0.00005542509,0.0002554829,0.00020797002],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99898434,0.00011080898,0.0002466794,0.00007587829,0.00023393337,0.0003483919],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0015421476,0.000050038514,0.00011100002,0.0003384732,0.00017917897,0.000009712874,0.0006828999,0.00029516724,0.0004007055],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018211828,0.000044934543,0.000045716333,0.00034895344,0.00023274148,0.00020261163,0.0000038667217,0.0007805451,0.0000017255253],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000063493335,0.000022659458,0.92049,0.0000026454552,0.000007283783,0.0000052369487,0.060387734,4.9205624e-7,0.0000017850099,0.011101271,0.0075517637,0.0004227382],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008988809,0.000025421632,0.89694566,0.00005305188,0.000032241467,0.0000037428022,0.025822874,7.77585e-8,0.00001339833,0.0030796994,0.07388258,0.0000513397],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.97575176,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9868354,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.06633081,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005752648,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.009525647,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9960894},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1860732586","doi":"10.47678/cjhe.v36i2.183537","title":"Academic Misconduct within Higher Education in Canada","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Higher Education","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":188,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"John Templeton Foundation","keywords":"Misconduct; Academic integrity; Copying; Scientific misconduct; Higher education; Psychology; Medical education; Test (biology); Academic achievement; Perception; Maturity (psychological); Cheating; Criminology; Political science; Pedagogy; Law; Social psychology; Medicine","score_opus":0.019798347776751907,"score_gpt":0.29850244140384885,"score_spread":0.2787040936270969,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1860732586","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8796716,0.00832771,0.0000015730905,0.03327662,0.014448325,0.00014424302,0.0000072906223,0.000004363912,0.06411829],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9147196,0.0000260289,0.0001309725,0.0026274638,0.0026599672,0.0000035416467,0.000010386843,0.0000093552835,0.079812706],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985552,0.00021197749,0.0004730911,0.0001165865,0.000301179,0.00034201198],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99878937,0.00007261618,0.00033347515,0.00008508711,0.00027792604,0.00044155],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006895551,0.00010105766,0.00014881892,0.00030093288,0.0002062814,0.000046252862,0.00034292715,0.0003443363,0.0018095538],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000079511534,0.000104175306,0.00003552933,0.00036119611,0.00009250101,0.0004053373,0.0000028089205,0.0013599838,0.000015666223],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000043491045,0.000020436815,0.1943142,0.0000075741127,0.000006490749,0.000006800667,0.002140685,0.00005568584,0.00005946028,0.075258404,0.7261279,0.0019979572],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000075645454,0.000005883916,0.20036454,0.00008954039,0.000012212783,0.000009514587,0.0025810634,4.971004e-7,0.00004652816,0.015359748,0.78133523,0.000119583856],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9976703,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9977774,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12225195,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0035295957,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.12578155,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99910295},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1896218821","doi":"10.5430/jnep.v5n8p121","title":"Social desirability bias in relation to academic cheating behaviors of nursing students","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Nursing Education and Practice","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Misconduct; Psychology; Social desirability; Academic integrity; Social desirability bias; Scale (ratio); Population; Graduate students; Social psychology; Likert scale; Medical education; Medicine; Pedagogy; Developmental psychology; Political science","score_opus":0.34294247393624866,"score_gpt":0.560766145174667,"score_spread":0.2178236712384184,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1896218821","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9549741,0.00027964028,0.00035352973,0.031171318,0.0009996307,0.00012483355,3.7437704e-7,0.0000043110317,0.012092229],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99510956,0.000060167204,0.003961567,0.00025325682,0.00050205964,8.660504e-7,6.4933465e-7,0.0000042494075,0.00010762899],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9974321,0.0011176652,0.00064747327,0.000085410284,0.0005889771,0.00012838068],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9972361,0.0008177112,0.0011900103,0.000037329173,0.0005716529,0.00014720188],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01166524,0.000057894034,0.00015865896,0.00018166352,0.00025431684,0.000036325917,0.0001394904,0.0003118049,0.000006467469],"category_scores_gemma":[0.019354142,0.00005922072,0.00002993444,0.00034673704,0.00012007747,0.00092639506,0.000007986374,0.0011347802,0.0000013257876],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00031341185,0.0011880798,0.065295175,0.0000073104525,0.000007848921,6.762673e-7,0.7752474,0.0000189268,0.00038328778,0.0032516622,0.006234488,0.14805174],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005853821,0.00020617181,0.37220502,0.0016710671,0.00018957774,0.00014083185,0.5992903,0.000018138764,0.00015740062,0.014203248,0.011150152,0.00018268668],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00036318324,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000101948735,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.30690986,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00070363126,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009863507,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.98890626},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1906592214","doi":"10.19173/irrodl.v15i1.1684","title":"How well do Canadian distance education students understand plagiarism?","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Athabasca University","funders":"","keywords":"Paraphrase; Distance education; Phrase; Psychology; Mathematics education; Higher education; Sample (material); Pedagogy; Computer science; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.06550380640766372,"score_gpt":0.44950420706514643,"score_spread":0.3840004006574827,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1906592214","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.047932692,0.032054316,0.0031013396,0.36921352,0.00077364204,0.0024118484,0.000120316305,0.000022450313,0.5443699],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9643302,0.031567674,0.000036285423,0.0004772296,0.000108149485,0.000020675667,0.00007704745,0.000004085119,0.0033786763],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9971535,0.0012354803,0.00018950923,0.00017553369,0.0009772786,0.000268679],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99838054,0.0008772098,0.000099945704,0.000116737814,0.0003760028,0.00014955044],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.013446942,0.00006458832,0.00014737718,0.000105098115,0.0004995627,0.0005076273,0.0014366378,0.00013140573,0.00019728648],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0055146394,0.00004946505,0.000025080792,0.00037414423,0.00033354916,0.00027782415,0.00021607931,0.0014484273,0.000013836191],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000041720243,0.00007645868,0.13739489,0.00042491918,0.000032759286,0.000002958611,0.002405564,0.000010168456,0.000003855912,0.7801373,0.039545827,0.039923556],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00016017121,0.000017969836,0.0039014306,0.0034273393,0.0000042017778,0.0000012448526,0.02241277,0.00008846728,0.000003524399,0.013999656,0.95591533,0.00006786419],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.112929,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.042524725,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9163975,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00037498964,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00083149865,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9749467},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1951343740","doi":"10.1002/asi.23421","title":"Costly collaborations: The impact of scientific fraud on co‐authors' careers","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":81,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal; Université de Montréal","funders":"Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Misconduct; Scientific misconduct; Productivity; Ranking (information retrieval); Psychology; Research integrity; Rigour; Political science; Public relations; Medicine; Computer science; Law; Alternative medicine; Economics; Epistemology","score_opus":0.03220766005286423,"score_gpt":0.3526338973852482,"score_spread":0.32042623733238396,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1951343740","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94474113,0.000055630215,0.0002546347,0.037621148,0.0014974568,0.00050441397,0.00006623453,0.000020063668,0.015239277],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994891,0.00002127813,0.00008568891,0.00014258981,0.000047322064,0.0000032982975,0.0000010520799,0.0000010607351,0.00020855431],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99817085,0.000085785454,0.00036517865,0.000046878955,0.0011556472,0.00017563076],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9931308,0.00028316057,0.0011817088,0.00010939146,0.0052348957,0.000060038852],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.015068833,0.000047448608,0.00010989913,0.00048491696,0.0011373106,0.000228289,0.0006604445,0.00027389778,0.0000023393675],"category_scores_gemma":[0.022476729,0.000025803514,0.000057675315,0.0024539991,0.00092039513,0.0015878311,0.000033604003,0.00044037617,0.0000049592404],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009976016,0.00007651366,0.103850536,0.000008577986,0.0000995259,1.2695794e-7,0.08364552,0.0008015722,0.00094030023,0.57310236,0.22321528,0.014159924],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0020749823,0.0009026371,0.019584456,0.000093170995,0.00008232368,0.000015766032,0.14831072,0.0015321301,0.009549761,0.09466316,0.72293127,0.00025964808],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000077168064,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000032582426,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.49971595,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007309431,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0023585882,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.98575735},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"incentives","study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"incentives","study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"}],"label_agreement":"agree"},{"id":"W1965217323","doi":"10.1136/bmj.d8357","title":"Research misconduct in the UK","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"letter","venue":"BMJ","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Misconduct; Scientific misconduct; Criminology; Psychology; Political science; Law; Medicine","score_opus":0.21968532168309057,"score_gpt":0.4614763998995217,"score_spread":0.24179107821643114,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1965217323","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"commentary","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"commentary","genre_consensus":"commentary","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00020914279,0.0003092623,8.636512e-7,0.6209686,0.0005042549,0.00029716242,0.000006730091,0.000007288131,0.37769672],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.011251717,0.00016236192,0.000056908415,0.86103404,0.047060687,0.000088441906,0.00004466354,0.000013358163,0.080287814],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9942125,0.003406056,0.00018810539,0.00017375736,0.0013054702,0.0007141141],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.997608,0.0019509039,0.000057785248,0.0002647276,0.00008685684,0.000031701486],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.019431077,0.0000917623,0.00013814546,0.00012788869,0.00041438738,0.00008625067,0.0011251512,0.003094486,0.002077376],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0013035586,0.000061083665,0.00006189332,0.00033826794,0.0004763501,0.00007942431,0.000054034692,0.016552605,0.0012156435],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000011723628,0.000003640947,0.00020623424,0.000008270784,0.0000038064534,0.000057898153,0.018930271,2.2409795e-8,6.32422e-7,0.0048085176,0.97553545,0.00044405868],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000026578773,0.000004132884,0.00015947918,0.000039394366,0.000003958183,0.0000035983526,0.00592043,1.9066269e-7,0.0000013941324,0.005455812,0.9882932,0.00009186467],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02148373,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0025437137,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2974089,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010742777,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00037999597,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999562},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"methods","study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"commentary","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"commentary","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W1965328283","doi":"10.1016/s0002-9459(24)07693-9","title":"Influence of Attitudes Toward Curriculum on Dishonest Academic Behavior","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":49,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Center for Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, Ohio State University; University of Toronto","keywords":"Academic dishonesty; Pharmacy; Misconduct; Cheating; Curriculum; Medical education; Pharmacy school; Dishonesty; Psychology; Licensure; Medicine; Family medicine; Pedagogy; Social psychology; Pharmacy practice; Political science","score_opus":0.027115283574485435,"score_gpt":0.42416856598806696,"score_spread":0.3970532824135815,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1965328283","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99320924,0.00023652965,0.000072557945,0.004405303,0.000428897,0.00010816384,0.0000034452264,0.000009742243,0.0015261248],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99760544,0.00037379132,0.00039593663,0.0006886306,0.0008409907,0.0000056682106,0.0000018115568,0.000006731593,0.00008099923],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982844,0.00028881957,0.0004971886,0.0001114621,0.00058568275,0.0002324502],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985069,0.0002604116,0.0005599501,0.00006415685,0.000415314,0.00019324903],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010265987,0.000098551194,0.00022703996,0.00013355106,0.00011484864,0.000016270114,0.0003589836,0.00014938357,0.00009131374],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00052155135,0.000085902146,0.0000934617,0.0004125942,0.00081964984,0.00030602585,0.000015034784,0.0014420742,0.000018631486],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013517916,0.0019184988,0.7779835,0.000038273298,0.0000410634,0.0000122569945,0.007938199,0.0006229982,0.005819526,0.051799834,0.005893802,0.14779687],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00062570436,0.000770954,0.8921625,0.00054404733,0.00041160686,0.00013931672,0.024109853,0.0000553767,0.0088409055,0.0035682716,0.068213314,0.0005581531],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002519932,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000015215124,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.14723872,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015706044,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007402716,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6265175},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1965770155","doi":"10.5539/ass.v8n10p29","title":"Anecdotes of Plagiarism: Some Pedagogical Issues and Considerations","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Asian Social Science","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Mathematics education; Psychology; Engineering ethics; Engineering","score_opus":0.07710072324566199,"score_gpt":0.3945870642749547,"score_spread":0.31748634102929274,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1965770155","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.26438043,0.0009939428,0.00012990485,0.0330589,0.00063904165,0.00025304605,0.000019923553,0.00008752479,0.7004373],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99728453,0.000088781664,0.0007807915,0.00045278223,0.00079749,0.0000028907725,6.9690367e-7,0.0000029350201,0.00058911036],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984139,0.00017542443,0.00016953314,0.00016358864,0.00061111816,0.0004664039],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99930507,0.00022157477,0.000085328975,0.00006257965,0.00012297646,0.00020248341],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0027761082,0.00007553192,0.00014873307,0.00006676127,0.0017491677,0.00008104796,0.00020702589,0.00036763994,0.00028484772],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0014066561,0.000070169175,0.000033840694,0.00033250792,0.0037137938,0.0010934704,0.00006857168,0.0004950487,0.000023284789],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000013542959,0.000022980706,0.004284283,0.0000023407254,0.000002354925,5.070831e-7,0.0981346,1.1300042e-8,0.0007981436,0.8878844,0.0016713053,0.0071977656],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00034526974,0.00007720148,0.22441794,0.000033954864,0.00005238332,0.000015820075,0.2085875,0.000008624584,0.0052378904,0.39539385,0.16518903,0.0006405361],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013843741,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008120191,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7329041,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004760813,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00028590902,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995504},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"qualitative","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"medium"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre":"commentary","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"medium"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W1967498308","doi":"10.1038/509033a","title":"Rise in retractions is a signal of integrity","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"letter","venue":"Nature","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"SIGNAL (programming language); Chemistry; Computer science","score_opus":0.021650651809310466,"score_gpt":0.3252703508537775,"score_spread":0.303619699044467,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1967498308","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"commentary","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"commentary","genre_consensus":"commentary","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0004330386,0.0006180446,0.0000391878,0.90928847,0.000865469,0.00016923837,0.00011489415,0.000030331996,0.08844136],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.05397519,0.0003043479,0.00030884935,0.92462116,0.00749261,0.00000880015,0.000076482866,0.000018549455,0.013193989],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99792635,0.00051785377,0.0002616233,0.00026539786,0.0007181764,0.00031062405],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99874955,0.0006179311,0.00021280759,0.00017668934,0.00020241311,0.000040576302],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.001539576,0.00015527946,0.0003241641,0.0001953878,0.00013673806,0.000023615637,0.00054643577,0.03926821,0.001562819],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008907156,0.00014333775,0.00015686883,0.0003573555,0.0002585339,0.000109301924,0.000026532256,0.100508444,0.00006222909],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000054538123,0.0000107451915,0.00034097442,0.000035980247,0.000012412129,0.00002090984,0.003623076,1.2211125e-7,0.0000053894023,0.0016613232,0.99373156,0.0005520476],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000066811845,0.000010365999,0.00013006359,0.0001491202,0.00001952434,0.000002193551,0.00032805538,0.000010290844,0.000042361564,0.0081477035,0.9909457,0.00014783099],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0061015314,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001287683,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07524737,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015647538,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00035824743,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9993499},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"commentary","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"methods","study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"commentary","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W1967565418","doi":"10.1080/09639284.2011.650452","title":"Perceptions of Authorial Identity in Academic Writing among Undergraduate Accounting Students: Implications for Unintentional Plagiarism","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Accounting Education","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Identity (music); Perception; Psychology; Academic writing; Pedagogy","score_opus":0.034414311140760344,"score_gpt":0.4212675785201,"score_spread":0.38685326737933967,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1967565418","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9852435,0.00013842016,0.0047130664,0.0038316178,0.001843377,0.0005871774,0.00002140894,0.000059635895,0.003561805],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9952365,0.00010348168,0.0014013661,0.0001775613,0.0023403398,0.00016289954,0.00010666472,0.000017963794,0.00045323613],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99786603,0.00020914452,0.00065218384,0.00024476368,0.0004935541,0.0005342971],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99807364,0.0006557048,0.00049090735,0.00014878565,0.000534682,0.00009629326],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0062814187,0.00013386886,0.00018853221,0.00030745898,0.00080626353,0.00012952299,0.0005537975,0.00075212313,0.000059923284],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002880443,0.00015999266,0.000105233274,0.00067625253,0.0002245893,0.0029678189,0.00008301051,0.0012157201,0.000019762663],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004451564,0.00013100273,0.7941381,0.00002432649,0.000011078702,6.9622983e-9,0.008220756,0.0000050497633,0.0006083949,0.19377401,0.0010458138,0.002037023],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002020447,0.0000051354273,0.91984934,0.00016964802,0.000049690883,9.926174e-7,0.03701263,0.00003677526,0.000029418168,0.039617226,0.002845396,0.00018168727],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005055363,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013489232,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.15415679,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00039566358,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00052073074,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.76422304},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":[],"domain":null,"study_design":"qualitative","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W1968091375","doi":"10.1007/bf03216874","title":"Individual assignments and academic dishonesty — Exploring the learning Conundrum","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Australian Educational Researcher","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Laurentian University","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Academic dishonesty; Psychology; Perspective (graphical); Honor; Medical education; Higher education; Pedagogy; Public relations; Mathematics education; Social psychology; Computer science; Political science; Internet privacy; Medicine","score_opus":0.3588705273252603,"score_gpt":0.4449025986276969,"score_spread":0.08603207130243656,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1968091375","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8572286,0.000122047655,0.000004411471,0.1350828,0.00019279249,0.00019143875,0.0000054262227,0.000015615866,0.007156877],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.91224325,0.0008125718,0.00002646132,0.00029851153,0.0007893614,0.000065745044,0.000009426732,0.000007427057,0.085747264],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99739295,0.0008951243,0.00014323479,0.00016499363,0.0009690711,0.00043460907],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.997992,0.0015943459,0.000052958538,0.00011513096,0.00008852348,0.00015706512],"candidate_categories":["sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003876811,0.00008209907,0.00007177009,0.00004172381,0.002334428,0.00007394495,0.00061331067,0.00018809205,0.0010971023],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002167232,0.00005103468,0.000030513538,0.00024937236,0.0014371016,0.00032772575,0.00010389652,0.0029336577,0.00017772679],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005038817,0.00008170416,0.39870512,0.00001573651,0.000122012665,0.0000053182425,0.24828543,0.000044101034,0.00029811152,0.11891841,0.22179434,0.011679337],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000098729484,0.000015022597,0.6871054,0.000025427958,0.000010883899,0.000012800287,0.03230977,0.000004706527,0.00011268865,0.010039248,0.27015156,0.00011374396],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0029985716,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001155809,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.28840032,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000980642,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00059654604,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999816},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1969795835","doi":"10.1145/1227310.1227324","title":"Plagiarism detection using feature-based neural networks","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":75,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Plagiarism detection; Computer science; Feature (linguistics); Relevance (law); Detector; Artificial neural network; Similarity (geometry); Artificial intelligence; Feature engineering; Code (set theory); Similarity measure; Feature extraction; Measure (data warehouse); Pattern recognition (psychology); Machine learning; Data mining; Deep learning; Programming language","score_opus":0.02383288585388381,"score_gpt":0.3070886043220694,"score_spread":0.2832557184681856,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1969795835","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.12761325,0.0001034087,0.8149264,0.0011507417,0.0014231616,0.00016904878,7.59314e-7,0.00020418722,0.054409035],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9938959,0.0000056029926,0.0019449571,0.0016750958,0.0010801184,7.769521e-7,0.0000022938082,0.000007820102,0.001387472],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987832,0.00014614568,0.00013882201,0.0001657557,0.00031587968,0.0004501967],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993285,0.00031025443,0.00006299621,0.00008368657,0.00008025499,0.00013431843],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0024525335,0.00009363863,0.00009666618,0.00007852547,0.000715593,0.000059642975,0.00016407474,0.0012674697,0.00019458275],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020648506,0.000086649045,0.00006747726,0.00032898973,0.00015152706,0.00018218433,0.000014080856,0.0017100862,0.00001238635],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0011001783,0.00034094197,0.05598838,0.00004624467,0.0001567172,0.0002338711,0.022092039,0.07192818,0.010511184,0.16394395,0.022331709,0.6513266],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005912604,0.00006350077,0.003806548,0.000026178644,0.000049954648,0.000011844662,0.004466736,0.83107907,0.006111513,0.0020867335,0.15109874,0.00060794654],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00745536,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0070792856,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8662826,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014329492,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000620642,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9991541},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"simulation_or_modeling","genre":"methods","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":[],"domain":null,"study_design":"bench_or_experimental","genre":"methods","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"medium"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W1971952397","doi":"10.1002/ppul.21084","title":"Plagiarism rears its ugly head or the taming of the few","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"editorial","venue":"Pediatric Pulmonology","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Citation; Library science; Medicine; History; Computer science","score_opus":0.020422129436380602,"score_gpt":0.32045118170947545,"score_spread":0.30002905227309484,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1971952397","genre_codex":"editorial","genre_gemma":"editorial","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"editorial","genre_consensus":"editorial","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0029488322,0.004786943,0.000035577963,0.01572556,0.9555959,0.00082474167,0.00019860333,0.00011240982,0.019771436],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0069408948,0.019530822,0.00006342706,0.00042698413,0.9469943,0.000026297856,0.00003178967,0.000036161204,0.025949322],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9950754,0.0015369003,0.0007212366,0.0005278847,0.0012757358,0.0008628669],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9924801,0.0055430373,0.00090596586,0.000563353,0.0003986879,0.00010883184],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0035965,0.00035444385,0.0006552344,0.00018844221,0.001021,0.00005861088,0.002758252,0.008571046,0.0002142051],"category_scores_gemma":[0.013769029,0.00018217276,0.00028400894,0.0009394811,0.0005969797,0.00013477191,0.0002749756,0.009538016,0.00011956984],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006113397,0.000035239387,0.00016818263,0.00003517202,0.00002928617,0.000013646329,0.004141131,0.00000277238,0.000002276673,0.001728553,0.9895926,0.004189998],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00018545332,0.00007319668,0.00040986552,0.000028001577,0.00022751512,0.000004439425,0.000864616,0.000007245607,0.000005061307,0.0030835196,0.99485815,0.00025294104],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0073256986,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003093329,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.015298576,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023263166,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0029727432,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9992846},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"editorial","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"editorial","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"medium"}],"label_agreement":"agree"},{"id":"W1972738039","doi":"10.1053/j.jvca.2011.12.003","title":"Mea Culpa: Scientific Misconduct","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"editorial","venue":"Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre; Capital District Health Authority; Dalhousie University","funders":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","keywords":"Medicine; Misconduct; Scientific misconduct; Law; Pathology; Alternative medicine","score_opus":0.018515000177676273,"score_gpt":0.31696967809185966,"score_spread":0.2984546779141834,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1972738039","genre_codex":"editorial","genre_gemma":"editorial","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"editorial","genre_consensus":"editorial","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0052009597,0.07856152,0.000635219,0.0010082516,0.9027779,0.00034056892,0.000019137773,0.000045185436,0.01141124],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.011790029,0.009160357,0.0005760353,0.000049323124,0.9733601,0.0000032296716,0.000019705549,0.000053049924,0.0049881767],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9942021,0.0014052674,0.00068561506,0.0003098819,0.0028113392,0.0005858172],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9965515,0.0006758892,0.0007663826,0.0003031354,0.0012158178,0.000487232],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.014087419,0.00033432883,0.0010674669,0.0003190165,0.0009537188,0.00052673864,0.0007172791,0.0031625652,0.00007890676],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0015734994,0.00027491793,0.00095259055,0.00030569267,0.0007373434,0.00069812936,0.000038725804,0.0041314485,0.000029919614],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002738208,0.000028770195,0.00016647395,0.00009532974,0.0003839099,0.00013620903,0.0065999767,0.0000021003655,0.00001635822,0.0007010208,0.9882627,0.0035797816],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00020478248,0.00004254201,0.000040555515,0.00025052432,0.0007735569,0.00017737999,0.0022704774,0.0000011878845,0.000020816593,0.00032269576,0.99557495,0.0003205351],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00028645506,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000016093883,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.070582174,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019239234,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0017404498,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999703},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1981277024","doi":"10.1007/s10805-014-9206-2","title":"Investigating Perceptions of Students to a Peer-Based Academic Integrity Presentation Provided by Residence Dons","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Academic Ethics","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Wilfrid Laurier University","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Presentation (obstetrics); Psychology; Residence; Perception; Test (biology); Medical education; Qualitative property; Qualitative research; Social psychology; Medicine; Computer science; Sociology","score_opus":0.0998699436681297,"score_gpt":0.4575987969335344,"score_spread":0.3577288532654047,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1981277024","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8401012,0.00017174183,0.018554447,0.13958675,0.0004950238,0.00036049754,0.00002313964,0.00003288865,0.0006743145],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98601156,0.00056806416,0.006191118,0.005511656,0.0008011983,0.0000076579,0.0000052291166,0.000016989687,0.0008865505],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99187446,0.0026212826,0.001346591,0.00024471365,0.0034859919,0.00042694135],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9911421,0.0050455574,0.0013113911,0.00015905977,0.0018476307,0.0004942639],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.028668258,0.00018238628,0.0004117872,0.00028081774,0.0005738351,0.000053605265,0.0015602299,0.0030225778,0.000052537154],"category_scores_gemma":[0.07920896,0.00016866704,0.00015240541,0.0006258478,0.00061911496,0.000717876,0.00011300674,0.026333662,0.000016728522],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015697308,0.00012859367,0.39775923,0.00025163087,0.00008476218,0.0000026015236,0.30796325,0.0007465545,0.08838932,0.04374175,0.1578356,0.002939741],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0058255666,0.0025181426,0.12441221,0.015264155,0.001077516,0.00008782734,0.26132116,0.0037775119,0.052197866,0.3245397,0.20623027,0.002748081],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0015556988,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00023078547,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.28079796,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00027581546,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0018542118,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9982717},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1984855456","doi":"10.1038/503454a","title":"Research ethics: 3 ways to blow the whistle","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"World Federation of Science Journalists","funders":"","keywords":"Political science; Engineering ethics; Engineering","score_opus":0.09750959602169522,"score_gpt":0.4350256209921283,"score_spread":0.3375160249704331,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1984855456","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.025040474,0.0009955068,0.0000671675,0.49132624,0.00077347184,0.00043449915,0.0000057378793,0.000055496082,0.4813014],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.956918,0.0001817363,0.0004916424,0.021633826,0.0013781068,0.000033059452,0.000001962584,0.000006807283,0.019354837],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99801534,0.00046242255,0.000069945636,0.00014380501,0.00095097977,0.00035748072],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977551,0.0014254458,0.000014425984,0.00016775753,0.0005260635,0.000111223235],"candidate_categories":["sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.006306479,0.000048417114,0.00005724082,0.000047492886,0.0013017388,0.00011832629,0.0006834229,0.004714185,0.0030729796],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004997923,0.000030368657,0.000030941665,0.00046313254,0.00026560793,0.0001152856,0.00007491763,0.027325744,0.0027757832],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000016502113,0.0000043274977,0.00004910996,0.0000017819738,0.0000025589313,5.7652085e-7,0.03092937,3.7821053e-7,0.0000661044,0.2987302,0.66649634,0.0037175876],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000021376134,0.0000090144495,0.00045502072,0.000012693651,0.0000012552385,3.0626117e-7,0.009622856,0.000009411545,0.0001398143,0.05749972,0.932182,0.000046526107],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008967165,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0030796076,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.93187755,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007690057,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00024595598,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99999845},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1985759936","doi":"10.1093/jiplp/jpv019","title":"Descriptive marks and the importance of counterclaims","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Intellectual Property Law & Practice","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Windsor","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Descriptive statistics; Business; Psychology; Mathematics; Statistics","score_opus":0.05782294030811143,"score_gpt":0.3172405990047298,"score_spread":0.25941765869661837,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1985759936","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.071278244,0.008033002,0.0035589247,0.092974134,0.0013482504,0.0006076609,0.0000057632824,0.00002098333,0.82217306],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.988877,0.0018169567,0.0014912481,0.0052722297,0.00043024032,0.0000018475964,2.3662557e-7,0.000009500067,0.0021007254],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.996994,0.0014044321,0.0005541528,0.00010361995,0.00074657274,0.0001971989],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9935415,0.0037952485,0.00075476227,0.00010530242,0.0016485893,0.0001546156],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0118737295,0.00010519447,0.0002986892,0.00003765121,0.0002618992,0.000092352915,0.0004101802,0.00025741974,0.00017249469],"category_scores_gemma":[0.039309625,0.000048959897,0.000085371044,0.00017767522,0.001476875,0.0011970637,0.00006508907,0.0017346211,0.000014612446],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.015578041,0.00026802733,0.00044181838,0.000027784488,0.00048341329,0.000080216756,0.5072083,0.000013559065,0.00017332507,0.24348322,0.2258091,0.0064332327],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009139379,0.00037765355,0.0000056280423,0.000079579375,0.00012420586,0.00032481452,0.11648515,0.00015029107,0.00024142352,0.0058579864,0.87534034,0.000098963494],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006289774,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010300232,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9175988,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013801419,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007155377,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.96878266},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1987159326","doi":"10.1080/15265161.2011.603813","title":"What About Author Order and Acknowledgments? Suggestions for Additional Criteria for Conceptual Research in Bioethics","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"letter","venue":"The American Journal of Bioethics","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University; Université de Montréal","funders":"Mississippi State University","keywords":"Scholarship; Bioethics; Order (exchange); Sociology; Library science; Graduate research; Political science; Computer science; Law","score_opus":0.3259697954080958,"score_gpt":0.49446600759352827,"score_spread":0.16849621218543248,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1987159326","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"commentary","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"commentary","genre_consensus":"commentary","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0006008663,0.001286836,0.0014909838,0.9916069,0.0020591945,0.0007168876,0.0018666792,0.000011321179,0.0003603549],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.008645966,0.04719544,0.043239716,0.8312045,0.05356593,0.000577698,0.0012077464,0.00025848587,0.014104539],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9942967,0.0028808548,0.0007080658,0.00028997383,0.001095475,0.0007288899],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.97658217,0.018627133,0.00095281965,0.0002039875,0.0034867052,0.0001471612],"candidate_categories":["sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.018177431,0.0002375393,0.00060345954,0.0004246031,0.0011316246,0.00030754853,0.0010447771,0.001969173,0.0005456602],"category_scores_gemma":[0.007516975,0.0001790419,0.00019918944,0.0006080663,0.022238143,0.0004246846,0.000099263336,0.014986559,0.000011581069],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002174306,0.000030604675,0.000008927708,0.00005183393,0.000085401356,0.000010198015,0.039625794,4.4957812e-7,0.0000037306597,0.028645126,0.926648,0.0046725036],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002774108,0.0005833407,0.000017127468,0.00082054496,0.000068477464,0.000020495174,0.06870621,0.000018737795,0.000010009275,0.060912155,0.8683567,0.0002087654],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014641525,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010844239,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.16040239,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021714988,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002533609,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99932647},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1990896292","doi":"10.1136/bmj.g4532","title":"Should research fraud be a crime?","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"BMJ","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"SickKids Foundation; Hospital for Sick Children","funders":"","keywords":"Sanctions; Harm; Misconduct; Criminology; Political science; Law; Law and economics; Computer security; Psychology; Sociology; Computer science","score_opus":0.24406535650764355,"score_gpt":0.4920499952637575,"score_spread":0.24798463875611393,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1990896292","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.010988387,0.00005479678,0.00043496903,0.09507323,0.00034508068,0.00017901139,0.000002328887,0.000057214856,0.892865],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9534838,0.000046871795,0.0006994387,0.0036268847,0.0026841932,0.000019132814,0.000002286489,0.0000071807813,0.039430175],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9977764,0.0008453739,0.000116492214,0.00014345093,0.000748848,0.00036944993],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99879694,0.000771096,0.000024503732,0.0001471393,0.00014903155,0.000111290115],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.010489745,0.000044725977,0.000079314974,0.000058566693,0.0006128888,0.000052887925,0.00034558517,0.0005186575,0.0010503836],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0045851087,0.000040208295,0.000035652745,0.00022139311,0.00031300052,0.000096826705,0.0000528838,0.0013766973,0.00072273886],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004755967,0.000008563155,0.0004986996,0.0000024798048,0.000002621529,0.0000013374615,0.008002903,3.5475276e-7,0.00004784336,0.35753387,0.62898785,0.0049086898],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005054554,0.00001655003,0.0007885419,0.00001120868,0.0000020060613,5.1698015e-7,0.0031542468,0.00006396843,0.0001390774,0.031310495,0.96440095,0.00006188406],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0067352443,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00080170826,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.94249547,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004481376,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015889693,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999879},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1992171206","doi":"10.1108/00907321111108169","title":"The librarian's role in combating plagiarism","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Reference Services Review","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":43,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Originality; Quarter (Canadian coin); Tracking (education); Value (mathematics); Plagiarism detection; Sociology; Class (philosophy); Psychology; Work (physics); Medical education; Library science; Pedagogy; Computer science; Engineering; Medicine; Social science; Qualitative research","score_opus":0.04872931401283874,"score_gpt":0.30351276508528446,"score_spread":0.2547834510724457,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1992171206","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0068001715,0.15351844,0.000010979933,0.0048230495,0.00023364586,0.00058435847,0.0000052342953,0.00009518748,0.83392894],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.35630193,0.63340133,0.00064564,0.007204509,0.00020892407,0.00007336009,0.000016031481,0.000017775048,0.0021305028],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99800396,0.0006767223,0.00037886263,0.00020718238,0.0003337321,0.00039953692],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990761,0.00031859791,0.00018747893,0.00024501546,0.000076041484,0.00009671119],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002857104,0.00012293483,0.00023708836,0.00002884052,0.0005287798,0.000067571666,0.0010073292,0.0004211078,0.00064659637],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018476124,0.000082387895,0.000051684485,0.0004119883,0.00012083801,0.0004451736,0.00010160636,0.0013608325,0.00034399028],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014460278,0.000055372726,0.009764925,0.0012943819,0.000023913068,0.000009697793,0.042721696,2.0224999e-7,0.000010816777,0.63325614,0.0016960225,0.31115234],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000697335,0.000014261957,0.0033739537,0.0034165313,0.000019295,0.0000014129814,0.006902317,0.000041839005,0.000016372891,0.026034908,0.95992863,0.00018076204],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01335221,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009701913,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9582326,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000037529968,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014739145,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99321795},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1994625501","doi":"10.1097/nne.0b013e3182461b5c","title":"Trialing a Contextual Approach to Academic Honesty","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nurse Educator","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakeridge Health; University of Ontario Institute of Technology","funders":"","keywords":"Honesty; Context (archaeology); Psychology; Orientation (vector space); Medical education; Academic integrity; Engineering ethics; Pedagogy; Social psychology; Medicine; Engineering","score_opus":0.063495537414427,"score_gpt":0.37682151275423864,"score_spread":0.31332597533981166,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1994625501","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.72356373,0.0009368546,0.00079302763,0.012118164,0.011011051,0.00072400644,0.000015774507,0.00018341551,0.25065395],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97748226,0.000026684074,0.0011959277,0.002203701,0.01005485,0.00005892873,0.0000061495666,0.000015619184,0.008955855],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99808234,0.0003427288,0.00023376643,0.00021024053,0.00041342922,0.00071749574],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988238,0.00026252534,0.000075022566,0.00014523935,0.00006504234,0.0006283335],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0028420186,0.0001303661,0.0002025462,0.000092531314,0.00043655082,0.000036242738,0.00040988345,0.00081418053,0.00033664014],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0016685755,0.00012197294,0.000078296485,0.00033499635,0.00016947639,0.00033757492,0.000019830477,0.0014599286,0.0010373759],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006815525,0.00026699385,0.013547908,0.000008739649,0.000022713582,2.4093677e-7,0.36479676,9.932901e-7,0.00024141719,0.2663069,0.34385538,0.010883793],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00020267813,0.000012493184,0.0012068856,0.000020636802,0.00002382941,0.0000031064544,0.10880981,0.000003767087,0.00017403941,0.00046401657,0.8888591,0.00021963881],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014780281,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000020238193,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5450037,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017259782,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00049016165,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997404},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1994627569","doi":"10.1007/s10805-012-9153-8","title":"Examining the Impact of Dons Providing Peer Instruction for Academic Integrity: Dons’ and Students’ Perspectives","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Academic Ethics","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Wilfrid Laurier University","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Psychology; Academic dishonesty; Mathematics education; Sociology; Political science; Pedagogy; Higher education; Social psychology; Law","score_opus":0.19444900512084679,"score_gpt":0.47606880678081603,"score_spread":0.28161980165996925,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1994627569","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97621,0.0039323214,0.0016975305,0.016534155,0.00070657214,0.00030838622,0.000014383334,0.000014184545,0.0005824496],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9884832,0.007753508,0.00087801216,0.00023186674,0.0023814817,0.0000047276,7.648222e-7,0.000014797954,0.0002516586],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9962959,0.0009673628,0.0007504543,0.00014444407,0.0013721694,0.00046961123],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9928105,0.00473777,0.0010939102,0.000092663984,0.0010376043,0.00022756502],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.031521153,0.0001706612,0.00036218762,0.00020273823,0.0007460341,0.000048132933,0.0007501011,0.0026326322,0.000019220513],"category_scores_gemma":[0.022113102,0.00011087764,0.00019615343,0.0002913758,0.0008698337,0.0012197351,0.00011029209,0.022756964,9.4583623e-7],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017123613,0.000039739214,0.2733938,0.00004803411,0.00022583589,6.308816e-7,0.6663655,0.000015970458,0.0022426345,0.0506249,0.003076276,0.0037954384],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0016613898,0.00054498925,0.102364905,0.001031412,0.00045078315,0.00036396596,0.8124574,0.000101401856,0.0011837762,0.060004134,0.019349877,0.00048598656],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005339823,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001808051,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.17102891,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00037491685,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00094655657,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9986622},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1995440937","doi":"10.1145/1865907.1865908","title":"Cheating in Computer Science","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ubiquity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Wonder; The Internet; Restructuring; Mathematics education; Psychology; Computer science; Social psychology; World Wide Web; Law; Political science","score_opus":0.01921283396855856,"score_gpt":0.3295873800755561,"score_spread":0.31037454610699755,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1995440937","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9226295,0.0000034248483,0.0016856467,0.0018734368,0.00074649265,0.00006611126,7.395716e-7,0.000038255967,0.07295644],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99331653,0.0000033103988,0.0055999085,0.00047939486,0.00047702817,0.0000014387292,2.9152258e-7,0.0000015831323,0.00012048554],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99916184,0.000040753086,0.00009027088,0.00014364324,0.0002891491,0.00027432482],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996423,0.000108988286,0.000025736643,0.000086751796,0.000059016365,0.000077188204],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0039491006,0.000037876514,0.000058726582,0.000058313697,0.00042825888,0.000053864245,0.0003447146,0.00022009402,0.00023750018],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006187839,0.00003636641,0.000015098141,0.00034678768,0.0006460736,0.00025232785,0.00006640226,0.0011356168,0.000064413696],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006578236,0.000072261224,0.11679263,0.000008475105,0.0000018262677,0.000008328714,0.07525839,0.000015822337,0.015603582,0.6010256,0.0013541623,0.18985237],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010504978,0.00009714494,0.40249094,0.00014718922,0.000012142644,0.000014454143,0.0073470958,0.023780935,0.03006056,0.19469607,0.33897793,0.0013250398],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00503575,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00825371,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4063295,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000467269,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002603552,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7612581},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1996403924","doi":"10.1080/02602930701772788","title":"An investigation into electronic‐source plagiarism in a first‐year essay assignment","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Inyuvesi Yakwazulu-Natali","keywords":"Acknowledgement; Ignorance; The Internet; Quarter (Canadian coin); Perception; Psychology; Electronic publishing; Sociology; Pedagogy; Mathematics education; Public relations; Political science; Computer science; World Wide Web; History; Law","score_opus":0.049372582319956566,"score_gpt":0.3927665071328492,"score_spread":0.34339392481289266,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1996403924","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.971504,0.00016776529,0.00088661903,0.014612028,0.0009985224,0.0010566999,8.386366e-7,0.000056658075,0.010716898],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9937228,0.0001769725,0.0019903213,0.0006270838,0.000500657,0.0005546119,0.00017512019,0.000016593665,0.0022358517],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9956521,0.0017382799,0.00048484627,0.00043279867,0.001289792,0.00040218362],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989063,0.00021835907,0.00022331078,0.00024610414,0.00027799106,0.0001279337],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0064811865,0.00016110564,0.00016621705,0.0003462539,0.00046109012,0.00007014809,0.00029228049,0.0006216856,0.0011897688],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018906988,0.00018386378,0.00003403608,0.00073452084,0.00015136092,0.00081306475,0.00001935646,0.0010871487,0.000045573823],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":true,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000023495715,0.0006324825,0.7560186,0.000015238068,0.000013453744,5.481709e-7,0.09498713,0.0035015247,0.00033075857,0.13416928,0.00407434,0.0062331567],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008758753,0.00011647082,0.8673861,0.00009988211,0.00003116811,0.0000012021563,0.01249727,0.0047853366,0.000087628025,0.07870213,0.035038855,0.00037806985],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.011687872,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005671833,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.11136752,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0038360432,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.005797246,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999881},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":[],"domain":null,"study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"design_other","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W1996875105","doi":"10.1080/10508422.2013.869747","title":"Cognitive Enhancement and Academic Misconduct: A Study Exploring Their Frequency and Relationship","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ethics & Behavior","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University; Université de Montréal; Montreal Clinical Research Institute","funders":"","keywords":"Misconduct; Cheating; Psychology; Cognition; Scientific misconduct; German; Academic integrity; Economic Justice; Political science; Criminology; Medical education; Law; Social psychology; Medicine; Psychiatry; History; Alternative medicine","score_opus":0.33474939909622264,"score_gpt":0.42572240834233166,"score_spread":0.09097300924610902,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1996875105","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99176645,0.000527796,0.000121561236,0.004222811,0.00026062742,0.00095669454,0.000007713658,0.000043545933,0.0020927864],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973804,0.0005603928,0.00020846541,0.00027829787,0.00015275169,0.0004833136,0.000005156176,0.000009382436,0.00092185865],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99825674,0.0005887834,0.00023088019,0.00028530622,0.00036989973,0.00026838726],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99785703,0.0016359309,0.000082785766,0.00008462942,0.00019445964,0.00014516228],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0027803588,0.00012574373,0.0001372554,0.00006124566,0.0009630934,0.00008388363,0.00013667009,0.00076872593,0.00025825977],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0018401105,0.00011371874,0.000020300991,0.00012701504,0.00045102078,0.0006315086,0.00006588211,0.004680012,0.000049622195],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000039195274,0.00009729778,0.39333785,0.000008249051,0.000014557561,0.000011889395,0.57653713,1.5557287e-8,0.0015355808,0.018204438,0.000085618565,0.010163481],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00060295,0.0001722574,0.49032733,0.0001999884,0.00017597606,0.000011131091,0.4803045,0.000003430283,0.0008463189,0.02582832,0.0010712675,0.00045652012],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0063070673,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00091009843,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0969895,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004722255,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014970661,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99761623},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1999935843","doi":"10.1136/bmj.38968.611296.f7","title":"Role of systematic reviews in detecting plagiarism: case of Asim Kurjak","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"BMJ","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":67,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Sveučilište u Zagrebu; Ryerson University","keywords":"Sanctions; Audience measurement; Face (sociological concept); Systematic review; Psychology; Political science; Internet privacy; Computer science; Sociology; Law; Social science; MEDLINE","score_opus":0.10710144615269573,"score_gpt":0.4176863635685728,"score_spread":0.31058491741587707,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1999935843","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000018283577,0.9706821,0.000022288536,0.000021887494,0.00018574609,0.003505893,0.000027115675,0.000014908242,0.025521785],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0002328523,0.9982618,0.00034487632,0.000010952015,0.00031703524,0.00019487574,0.0000076160104,0.000018445206,0.0006115281],"study_design_codex":"systematic_review","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99301744,0.0034750458,0.002550817,0.00025584968,0.00038654488,0.00031428676],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99494296,0.0020750086,0.002481266,0.0003413061,0.00010022407,0.000059258433],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.013687241,0.0002627364,0.003189482,0.0002548545,0.000109133114,0.000016169357,0.0004960718,0.002053035,0.000053230182],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0074214456,0.0002053652,0.0005457435,0.0006805941,0.00013988982,0.00008725431,0.0000606547,0.001947811,0.000046385943],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000017327909,0.000043138545,0.000010512938,0.56247866,0.00005320389,0.00013936665,0.006151502,0.0000011122193,5.810045e-7,0.0035276439,0.002669628,0.4249229],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000046476747,0.000011239948,2.4022387e-7,0.21594997,0.00039627953,0.0001859639,0.0026700809,0.000010753601,0.0000014707465,0.00038835985,0.78011876,0.00022037684],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.017130816,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006672072,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7774492,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001704639,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004569276,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9992425},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"evaluation","study_design":"systematic_review","genre":"review","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"methods","study_design":"systematic_review","genre":"review","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"}],"label_agreement":"agree"},{"id":"W2001217603","doi":"10.1080/02664760050120588","title":"Detecting excessive similarity in answers on multiple choice exams","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Statistics","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":72,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; False accusation; Bonferroni correction; Simple (philosophy); Computer science; Econometrics; Similarity (geometry); Statistics; Mathematics; Artificial intelligence; Psychology; Social psychology; Epistemology","score_opus":0.022900217674808723,"score_gpt":0.30883947224276775,"score_spread":0.28593925456795904,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2001217603","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.89599353,0.00004765583,0.008348178,0.00066245865,0.00045926363,0.00023721857,0.000082368424,0.000021095662,0.09414823],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9918231,0.00020249112,0.006787441,0.00053066213,0.00045210574,0.0000014193283,0.000001866547,0.000008354255,0.00019256119],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985365,0.00012811701,0.00042327377,0.00011064019,0.0005213401,0.00028008205],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9963887,0.0030457927,0.00028381345,0.00006451561,0.00009147761,0.00012573687],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001496302,0.00009904635,0.00021877419,0.000093154886,0.00026071197,0.000045068457,0.00025518006,0.0003198166,0.0004984227],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002053487,0.00009284901,0.00003519063,0.0002018591,0.00013277333,0.00010676421,0.000008537924,0.0018071702,0.00002304492],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0012014601,0.00042609207,0.019449841,0.000057504214,0.000097374155,0.0003213067,0.0971502,0.009136831,0.00062780984,0.05062998,0.01837601,0.8025256],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00764833,0.00092133245,0.09757487,0.00060326356,0.0001975556,0.000037807815,0.066175714,0.007829263,0.0034195948,0.17810552,0.6357927,0.0016940715],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007999705,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001893631,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8008315,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017383407,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00017813152,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.78513557},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2007071583","doi":"10.1109/ethics.2014.6893385","title":"Ethics of scientific peer review: Are we judging or helping the review recipients?","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Formative assessment; Summative assessment; Constructive; Reputation; Judgement; Engineering ethics; Quality (philosophy); Work (physics); Misconduct; Psychology; Public relations; Computer science; Political science; Pedagogy; Law; Epistemology; Engineering","score_opus":0.1445472738129408,"score_gpt":0.4062296718033762,"score_spread":0.2616823979904354,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2007071583","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"commentary","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0002191236,0.064864755,0.0012111444,0.8254379,0.0014326056,0.0006219174,0.0000068899076,0.000062862164,0.10614278],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.02368054,0.68853396,0.0009902618,0.09419947,0.0006480093,0.00002871127,0.000012534107,0.000017241553,0.19188929],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99613875,0.0013799731,0.00040639972,0.00023946696,0.001538485,0.0002969235],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99638844,0.0014685803,0.00030937328,0.00034707284,0.0014063255,0.00008019124],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["metaresearch"],"category_scores_codex":[0.038907405,0.0000973017,0.00029155545,0.000036478494,0.0011642029,0.00006860299,0.0007185765,0.00034163767,0.0015827084],"category_scores_gemma":[0.03697702,0.00005392171,0.000115323135,0.00067880325,0.0005915213,0.00018182282,0.0000883307,0.0017317138,0.00014253914],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000021943356,0.0000113488495,0.000252649,0.0019301369,0.0000084265375,3.844764e-7,0.0058698533,4.4190404e-7,0.000008735166,0.03990484,0.937518,0.014492987],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000028665147,0.000006182191,0.000038744365,0.01811723,0.000039303934,0.0000010061297,0.0014845734,0.00001995458,0.00004149889,0.0015786797,0.9785549,0.00008928386],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00056863594,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011180894,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7312384,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000043501142,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00026269854,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99933},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2012290589","doi":"10.1016/j.ejim.2009.11.002","title":"Data integrity, reliability and fraud in medical research","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"European Journal of Internal Medicine","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":38,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University; University of Toronto; Western University; Sackville Memorial Hospital; University of New Brunswick","funders":"","keywords":"Reliability (semiconductor); Medicine; Data reliability; Interpretation (philosophy); Data mining; Computer science","score_opus":0.12877629105903401,"score_gpt":0.44617108633344704,"score_spread":0.31739479527441306,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2012290589","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.4763898,0.0030830163,0.0019557779,0.24478495,0.0013188287,0.00014125771,0.000006517696,0.000018143986,0.2723017],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9913558,0.002549421,0.00045174212,0.0024699287,0.0027551977,6.668651e-8,0.0000013784824,0.0000066105663,0.00040987256],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9921466,0.004439519,0.0008702816,0.00022783503,0.001973415,0.0003423452],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.997257,0.0013441636,0.0002199681,0.00026744223,0.0004606481,0.0004507854],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["metaresearch"],"category_scores_codex":[0.07190232,0.00009819921,0.00030859854,0.0003152182,0.00013901564,0.00003348538,0.0019191302,0.00017113556,0.0007830245],"category_scores_gemma":[0.03920888,0.000067045024,0.000029783158,0.00033001284,0.0010882607,0.0003567577,0.0002461394,0.0068762586,0.00002396906],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000798233,0.00030557576,0.026580637,0.00003344046,0.000042466294,0.0061336514,0.04951274,0.0000014451609,0.00024450128,0.01741068,0.31796262,0.58097404],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0021190683,0.0017730731,0.067149326,0.004183641,0.000021103311,0.0006427578,0.015353782,0.00029528493,0.000021163089,0.016784947,0.89146453,0.00019135061],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013492894,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00037620796,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.58078265,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010118016,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002810649,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9954149},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2013667054","doi":"10.5430/wje.v4n2p37","title":"Development of Examination Behaviour Inventory: An Integrity Measure for Prevention of Cheating in School Exams","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"World Journal of Education","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Tertiary Education Trust Fund","keywords":"Cheating; Psychology; Cronbach's alpha; Certificate; Standardization; Medical education; Sample (material); Applied psychology; Certification; Psychometrics; Social psychology; Clinical psychology; Medicine","score_opus":0.06209823845688237,"score_gpt":0.36862569790243477,"score_spread":0.3065274594455524,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2013667054","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9919045,0.000080130914,0.0051274165,0.00036431354,0.0005007188,0.00019850623,5.031228e-7,0.000002726027,0.0018211909],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98492324,0.000007717203,0.014384086,0.00001743307,0.00028430574,0.000007848416,0.000006574412,0.000004080717,0.0003647015],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984318,0.00044610887,0.00059832796,0.00007351695,0.00034944716,0.00010081372],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99837506,0.00010965296,0.0007911334,0.000054813037,0.0005977085,0.00007161334],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.008051304,0.000055615412,0.00015951812,0.00030545614,0.00009225128,0.000012421367,0.00016677745,0.00015310844,0.000039219278],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0017451943,0.000055020897,0.00004864751,0.00025612992,0.000047152556,0.00042059866,0.000006474414,0.0004798077,4.5492547e-7],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000082914965,0.0010213989,0.21720126,0.00013007375,0.000024679046,5.5674295e-8,0.08946407,0.000019605379,0.008639748,0.026610145,0.0005651453,0.6562409],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011954571,0.0003506167,0.86631954,0.0026682948,0.00010770056,0.0000029504258,0.06783665,0.00025018197,0.023633307,0.024368426,0.012955772,0.00031111282],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00034603695,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0047242716,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6559298,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003002513,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0011854693,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.27904376},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2019979083","doi":"10.1016/j.jslw.2012.03.003","title":"Rewriting and paraphrasing source texts in second language writing","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Second Language Writing","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":148,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Paraphrase; Copying; Discipline; Citation; Context (archaeology); Rhetorical question; Computer science; Academic writing; Second language writing; Rewriting; Literacy; Linguistics; Mathematics education; Psychology; Pedagogy; Sociology; Artificial intelligence; Second language; World Wide Web; History","score_opus":0.013839511348124249,"score_gpt":0.30289730772281365,"score_spread":0.2890577963746894,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2019979083","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95204264,0.014069133,0.000100948164,0.00037534605,0.00019278628,0.0000973103,0.000008144736,0.00002859776,0.033085074],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9937652,0.00009335762,0.0018752582,0.0008578795,0.002667992,0.0000013618136,0.000002182547,0.00002477966,0.00071199844],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.99726206,0.00048404624,0.00085389725,0.00016810391,0.00044813962,0.0007837237],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99778855,0.0011154814,0.0006114801,0.00009611773,0.00010270025,0.00028564868],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0080037685,0.00018031643,0.0003949942,0.00031260503,0.00045587373,0.00018429993,0.00025946842,0.00044030126,0.0013939141],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0014194379,0.00018168225,0.00011327248,0.00029454782,0.00016090537,0.0012690315,0.000070428076,0.0022423654,0.000008900053],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000042936408,0.00009782689,0.14353997,0.0002754794,0.000068283065,0.00043999322,0.65207756,0.0000062081567,0.030079138,0.0028031063,0.00078140304,0.1697881],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00094094063,0.00004197165,0.017451586,0.0011175838,0.000036439098,0.00065933645,0.9652705,0.00006865381,0.002938795,0.00019154762,0.010838761,0.00044384037],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005091706,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012571039,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.313193,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012566791,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010603257,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99951893},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2025597927","doi":"10.1007/s11218-011-9166-y","title":"What behaviours do students consider academically dishonest? Findings from a survey of Canadian undergraduate students","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Social Psychology of Education","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":57,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary; University of Regina","funders":"","keywords":"Academic dishonesty; Psychology; Situational ethics; Cheating; Academic integrity; Perception; Dishonesty; Sociology of Education; Sample (material); Social psychology; Academic achievement; Psychological intervention; Medical education; Mathematics education; Pedagogy","score_opus":0.11791313116999544,"score_gpt":0.4451605630114494,"score_spread":0.327247431841454,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2025597927","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98722756,0.00017510772,0.000007001162,0.0047986107,0.0035538103,0.00027061015,0.00007238618,0.00001167866,0.0038832275],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976633,0.0005551861,0.00009208149,0.0009649484,0.00015967364,0.000012019818,0.000092889415,0.00001129276,0.00044859565],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99765205,0.0007853858,0.0004239865,0.00028718787,0.00051695266,0.00033445162],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988244,0.00019462351,0.00028536172,0.00013632556,0.0003689844,0.00019025791],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0019470879,0.0001234929,0.0002730777,0.0002890029,0.00030680036,0.000038874423,0.0008043052,0.0011345075,0.00042195222],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005066912,0.00014078722,0.000069958376,0.0005430661,0.0008051025,0.00034060824,0.000037089398,0.0007899429,0.000029420378],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000032808606,0.00029383748,0.89306086,0.0000020110517,0.0000577308,5.3537576e-7,0.08687364,9.0902885e-9,0.000042750828,0.0034730423,0.014973021,0.0011897765],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00022389348,0.000026318172,0.9575696,0.00004363091,0.000048344657,3.522702e-7,0.016763614,2.3493532e-8,0.000033831944,0.024605192,0.00056391873,0.00012127254],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.7559291,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.49898216,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.25694695,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012825159,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00095590705,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.87503606},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2027235867","doi":"10.1046/j.1473-6861.2003.00047.x","title":"The construction of plagiarism in a school of nursing","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Learning in Health and Social Care","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba; University of British Columbia; University of British Columbia Hospital","funders":"","keywords":"Syllabus; Academic integrity; Ignorance; Medical education; Inclusion (mineral); Psychology; Pedagogy; Medicine; Political science; Social psychology; Law","score_opus":0.022333013578881643,"score_gpt":0.34947159352625784,"score_spread":0.3271385799473762,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2027235867","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9664329,0.003966464,0.000059885366,0.0038597558,0.00028066267,0.00022645827,0.0000018456145,0.000010924194,0.025161058],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989993,0.00063368643,0.00016848344,0.00007970577,0.000050392075,0.0000023837204,0.0000014661821,0.000002561265,0.0000620382],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983409,0.0009735747,0.00024404068,0.00007627644,0.00016579262,0.0001994297],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994783,0.0002416862,0.00014740112,0.000023322224,0.000061000123,0.000048319955],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001685324,0.000039039453,0.00013022432,0.000050524774,0.0005237957,0.000008917282,0.00005078408,0.0003299706,0.000008404471],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001352508,0.000036349873,0.000020374002,0.0001824734,0.00035156865,0.000034901543,0.0000041489875,0.001136207,3.8948173e-7],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003501289,0.0000097673255,0.30163622,0.00010149498,0.0000022091865,3.6340884e-7,0.44646257,0.000026751582,0.0000038701937,0.19038424,0.00007882847,0.06125869],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00031717218,0.000063870946,0.019050129,0.00020984614,0.0000018661252,7.974026e-7,0.9488237,0.000019591598,0.00001298795,0.007444114,0.023990419,0.00006552277],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0051213144,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0016973247,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5023611,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014539767,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00055647263,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7741929},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":[],"domain":null,"study_design":"qualitative","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"methods","study_design":"qualitative","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W2029158492","doi":"10.1185/03007995.2014.952367","title":"Re: Marchington JM, Burd GP. Author attitudes to professional medical writing support. Curr Med Res Opin 2014 Jul 9:1-6","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"letter","venue":"Current Medical Research and Opinion","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University Health Centre; Montreal General Hospital","funders":"","keywords":"Medicine; Medical writing; Medical education; Family medicine; Nursing","score_opus":0.15935537919502707,"score_gpt":0.5178399436591414,"score_spread":0.35848456446411436,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2029158492","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"commentary","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"commentary","genre_consensus":"commentary","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00029026423,0.002920874,0.0010267013,0.9821161,0.0074041556,0.0010937988,0.00008572569,0.00012888206,0.004933509],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.018306557,0.08451305,0.0009557787,0.5925557,0.2604159,0.0014002415,0.008191178,0.00037241334,0.03328915],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9733039,0.0070410348,0.0011748872,0.0013658692,0.014624094,0.0024901903],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9863219,0.009268533,0.00023458105,0.00048840005,0.0007245601,0.0029620214],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.043968808,0.00049099786,0.0008612435,0.0006704687,0.002006881,0.00032869048,0.0024349901,0.005813515,0.008536788],"category_scores_gemma":[0.05207651,0.00039723236,0.00019599026,0.0005756669,0.002615085,0.00024435957,0.001331674,0.030370595,0.000756194],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005411236,0.00009144219,0.0005962868,0.00081754074,0.000025459016,0.000088740126,0.0019091103,3.2493368e-8,6.8467665e-7,0.0032639988,0.8599794,0.1331732],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00042216943,0.0002661795,0.0002201475,0.0065954635,0.000008228939,0.000010432272,0.000589819,0.0001432597,0.000003532513,0.0042814133,0.98700786,0.00045146857],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0017683334,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005747738,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.38956037,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003170473,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0050978535,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99984795},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2030542561","doi":"10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2006.04.017","title":"Is scientific publishing a criminal activity?","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Clinical Biochemistry","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Publishing; Scientific publishing; Scientific misconduct; Competence (human resources); Scientific integrity; Political science; Criminal investigation; Process (computing); Criminology; Engineering ethics; Psychology; Computer science; Law; Medicine; Engineering; Social psychology; Alternative medicine","score_opus":0.08511432048072912,"score_gpt":0.4017760570364041,"score_spread":0.316661736555675,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2030542561","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.83688116,0.00012676945,0.00013376908,0.012222817,0.00087385287,0.00005727359,0.000026022159,0.00008763827,0.14959069],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96932685,0.00001815458,0.00034116668,0.0008949237,0.0025171845,0.0000032038388,0.000020288435,0.000006177696,0.026872031],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99808526,0.0001587124,0.0003401908,0.0004825976,0.0005331172,0.0004000973],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985688,0.0006342759,0.00014418302,0.00027024388,0.00018868333,0.00019383137],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0042728693,0.00010172581,0.00016563718,0.000027310536,0.0007276905,0.0007936194,0.0005817122,0.0013036678,0.00071504345],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0042693913,0.00010183332,0.00018620018,0.00028063543,0.0013349798,0.00048148126,0.0000921357,0.0017803999,0.00016808718],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000044118504,0.0003420774,0.019744296,0.000046579444,0.000019541512,0.000016507438,0.0015170317,2.727017e-7,0.010998365,0.008011783,0.93489146,0.024367977],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00045760465,0.00002346589,0.0046251905,0.000081417296,0.00006083354,0.000004036323,0.0025746664,0.000074245385,0.07959205,0.015716678,0.896328,0.00046181612],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014808647,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009148191,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1324457,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007287914,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00052550295,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99999285},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2035350826","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-8535.2007.00735.x","title":"Promoting academic writing/referencing skills: Outcome of an undergraduate e‐learning pilot project","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"British Journal of Educational Technology","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":49,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Medical education; Psychology; Asynchronous communication; Scrutiny; Educational technology; Process (computing); Resource (disambiguation); Instructional design; Transtheoretical model; Mathematics education; Outcome (game theory); Computer science; Pedagogy; Medicine; Behavior change","score_opus":0.03566215212770136,"score_gpt":0.3754525658308294,"score_spread":0.33979041370312807,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2035350826","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98312956,0.0009261806,0.00032165746,0.0109251,0.00039279764,0.00014840704,0.000003770814,0.00003939718,0.0041131563],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9927537,0.00063887046,0.00525837,0.00010198571,0.00070903555,0.0000026893792,0.0000050979725,0.000013984657,0.0005162647],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99758255,0.00024964206,0.0010373349,0.00017624434,0.0005257412,0.00042850792],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9972403,0.00079392566,0.0010491415,0.00007012822,0.0007373077,0.00010918727],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0064243795,0.00010640942,0.00029573162,0.00057545514,0.00049046765,0.00003636658,0.00062368036,0.0006715309,0.0000913202],"category_scores_gemma":[0.009158101,0.00012792055,0.000073893105,0.00072117854,0.0004366384,0.00043279002,0.000049316885,0.0038576368,0.0000051417064],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007278121,0.00095583394,0.37599015,0.000102730424,0.00014425005,0.00012794595,0.01679085,0.000022402359,0.0039548394,0.30681968,0.0015824706,0.29343605],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002186602,0.0019383593,0.12037114,0.0036029771,0.00015685758,0.012511194,0.113791816,0.00008720298,0.005656045,0.6983882,0.04011325,0.0011963388],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001324579,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00079612614,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3915685,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021096406,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0010358265,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9991882},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2045836836","doi":"10.5539/ies.v6n11p77","title":"Unethical Behavior of the Students of the Czech University of Life Sciences","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Education Studies","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Czech; Psychology; Social psychology; Pedagogy","score_opus":0.07610517116838512,"score_gpt":0.4245362746389886,"score_spread":0.34843110347060346,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2045836836","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9753701,0.00023829656,0.000008720194,0.015374148,0.0017717016,0.00014452555,0.000006902807,0.000002807566,0.007082783],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972625,0.0002342571,0.0001083166,0.00018553865,0.00005766842,0.0000027262613,2.6247343e-7,8.763864e-7,0.0021478646],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989162,0.00015073454,0.00014965402,0.00007106143,0.000656351,0.000055962617],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984499,0.0002591562,0.00022496862,0.00006844059,0.0009812936,0.000016211943],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00054043345,0.000034249242,0.00007952249,0.00003158448,0.00027055302,0.0000056623626,0.00083358824,0.00008083953,0.00015016604],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0017125602,0.000021489204,0.00005685235,0.00019449827,0.0014439443,0.00010304701,0.00016512093,0.00019399992,0.0000041132507],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000043292775,0.00021819552,0.88761705,0.000009442668,0.000082296174,1.2277987e-8,0.036006615,0.000008320067,0.00041193637,0.061276298,0.012639817,0.0017257142],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009597885,0.000012438703,0.8268643,0.000094386254,0.00003378738,2.1016974e-7,0.1529963,0.000005765331,0.0009706446,0.0068225847,0.012054154,0.000049448256],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007561617,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00042720098,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.116989695,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000038435628,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000523459,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9990471},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2050909553","doi":"10.3138/ptc.2011-13","title":"Academic Dishonesty among Physical Therapy Students: A Descriptive Study","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physiotherapy Canada","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Seriousness; Cheating; Academic dishonesty; Medicine; Psychology; Medical education; Social psychology","score_opus":0.024721345033028207,"score_gpt":0.3511114414810504,"score_spread":0.3263900964480222,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2050909553","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99462426,0.0004865202,0.000024170746,0.0006244487,0.0008713358,0.0007106489,0.000013481193,0.00006806244,0.00257706],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.994554,0.00036174906,0.000009142507,0.0013084685,0.0021406289,0.00007367903,0.0000033720219,0.000028392029,0.0015205839],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99679863,0.0005983513,0.00020749071,0.00027225897,0.0013584578,0.00076482183],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998984,0.00024295789,0.00012160624,0.00021459455,0.00008756549,0.00034930106],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00088914036,0.00023282335,0.00029991526,0.000049007824,0.0006436932,0.00005210015,0.0007377011,0.00022953289,0.00023866975],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005632918,0.00019662238,0.000079231104,0.00041091716,0.00022515078,0.0006148514,0.000040452338,0.0012986365,0.000018159455],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008995312,0.0009136941,0.71254086,0.000003871113,0.00020788281,0.000008309997,0.2554243,0.000003725224,0.00071248575,0.0018301132,0.019226367,0.009038453],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0018276543,0.00022581624,0.61953,0.00004348961,0.00004003355,0.0000014140198,0.16529498,0.00003762759,0.00082519907,0.0015727985,0.20960589,0.0009950547],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9261061,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.67702365,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.24908246,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006770223,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00075493584,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8018028},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2052087310","doi":"10.3138/jvme.32.4.468","title":"Effective Bibliographic Searching for Animal Alternatives in Veterinary Medical Education: The UC Davis Web Site","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Veterinary Medical Education","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"U.S. Department of Agriculture","keywords":"Web site; Veterinary medicine; Medical education; World Wide Web; Medicine; Library science; Computer science; The Internet","score_opus":0.05258774217968233,"score_gpt":0.4420326064947771,"score_spread":0.3894448643150948,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2052087310","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9129812,0.0019359328,0.00027781577,0.08021705,0.0018131188,0.0003907026,0.0000029914893,0.000012736689,0.0023684618],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98725414,0.0033013714,0.0008692942,0.0031046844,0.0052344087,0.00006972132,0.000006813218,0.0000128029105,0.0001467794],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.995943,0.0013525714,0.00061384065,0.00019585993,0.0015470689,0.00034767814],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9970844,0.0016086216,0.0003499317,0.00011983721,0.0003438077,0.00049342803],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.008450621,0.00014501165,0.00025510282,0.0009810106,0.00039419674,0.000081347775,0.0007602398,0.00048269823,0.00076461374],"category_scores_gemma":[0.007379631,0.00010685577,0.00017791745,0.001119854,0.00048512642,0.00072328985,0.00007683556,0.0020597249,0.0000128825595],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0011797546,0.0019672108,0.008112698,0.00011772299,0.00010159944,0.000058149544,0.04868894,0.000004554973,0.00095019577,0.0070483387,0.061601184,0.87016964],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011112666,0.00225106,0.030241707,0.001479739,0.00004478764,0.0010986169,0.013010491,0.0017110112,0.00002936105,0.0024500098,0.9462938,0.00027815445],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00039566716,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001238183,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8846926,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023352401,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0059206374,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99971485},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2052816062","doi":"10.5539/ies.v7n3p126","title":"Ethical Decision Making in Academic Dishonesty with Application of Modified Theory of Planned Behavior: A Review","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"International Education Studies","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Academic dishonesty; Dishonesty; Ideology; Theory of planned behavior; Psychology; Social psychology; Conceptual framework; Duty; Engineering ethics; Sociology; Cheating; Political science; Social science; Law; Control (management); Computer science","score_opus":0.14519915464347152,"score_gpt":0.5250989362602017,"score_spread":0.3798997816167301,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2052816062","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00011142276,0.9930827,0.0019967067,0.0007516311,0.00081194594,0.00088419893,0.000033439952,0.000014653638,0.0023133093],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.009844864,0.98828393,0.0005569936,0.0002974181,0.00023821299,0.0005665726,0.000066371285,0.0000141388655,0.00013149873],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99693686,0.0007186976,0.0011030206,0.0003131287,0.0007792622,0.00014905383],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9947356,0.0028486312,0.0012385687,0.00019037811,0.0009504565,0.000036380854],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0035747343,0.00020878059,0.0011179203,0.0003034306,0.00008511717,0.00000782083,0.0006466676,0.0009809269,0.000024698167],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005162751,0.00015840598,0.00016825293,0.00046207727,0.00040867273,0.00010196026,0.00008544531,0.001898059,0.000008987706],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000028363303,0.000077177625,0.00032555804,0.0050177937,0.00009317368,2.5773465e-7,0.0022062233,0.0000012755407,1.3173121e-7,0.07049248,0.00082835916,0.9209292],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009183506,0.000025730504,0.00017537855,0.11073973,0.0004759499,0.00000771397,0.0020005568,0.0000031655975,6.8539697e-7,0.010842202,0.8754102,0.00022683472],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001808253,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00017259753,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9207024,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023232735,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00090029155,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.82462275},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2054089762","doi":"10.3928/01484834-20090916-06","title":"Webcam as a New Invigilation Method: Students' Comfort and Potential for Cheating","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Nursing Education","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University; Bridgepoint Active Healthcare","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Psychology; Medical education; Sample (material); Nursing; Medicine; Social psychology","score_opus":0.0374761623126165,"score_gpt":0.4684915745672485,"score_spread":0.43101541225463197,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2054089762","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.67142355,0.0007746167,0.2265507,0.08306852,0.0040193,0.00046829056,0.0000010112778,0.000022894434,0.013671108],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.92511886,0.00011448429,0.06857889,0.0013242638,0.0030841597,8.2874107e-7,0.0000031545217,0.0000049675814,0.0017703847],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99917156,0.000110342364,0.00023511458,0.00006449933,0.00030631683,0.00011219618],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992573,0.000112174625,0.00028621516,0.00002994943,0.00017883563,0.00013550832],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001711885,0.00004877938,0.000102615115,0.00009534987,0.0002874354,0.00009783111,0.00010759574,0.00017862605,0.0000115816665],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007438095,0.000047095924,0.00004483071,0.000094857816,0.000030715524,0.00029048897,0.0000020588989,0.00033155494,6.03154e-7],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007260766,0.00020723979,0.0007512413,0.0000040958143,0.000012365702,2.3678733e-7,0.06425188,0.00003345565,0.0009146785,0.015128996,0.02599491,0.8926283],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013713661,0.00087029184,0.03818772,0.0014725423,0.0003934992,0.00027554628,0.11568488,0.00083494186,0.000941242,0.7576524,0.08194294,0.00037262263],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00013825152,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000049575897,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.89225566,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018149722,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00082678406,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.22107498},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2054143017","doi":"10.5539/jel.v1n2p21","title":"A Perception of Examination Malpractice and Pupil’s Academic Performance in Primary Science in Cross River State, Nigeria","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Education and Learning","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Malpractice; Test (biology); Stratified sampling; Psychology; Perception; Population; Medical education; Medicine; Mathematics education; Law; Political science; Environmental health; Pathology","score_opus":0.020642487053109258,"score_gpt":0.3568592034869575,"score_spread":0.3362167164338482,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2054143017","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99577564,0.00035175492,0.00003467801,0.00030804906,0.00026780306,0.000045963745,9.363183e-8,0.0000014956734,0.00321455],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969237,0.0019216915,0.00046152613,0.00007002237,0.00013047481,7.901096e-7,3.675265e-7,0.0000018775983,0.000489556],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989838,0.00032502582,0.00024864622,0.000057864687,0.00024587844,0.0001388115],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992285,0.00019460001,0.00032637396,0.000018536659,0.00016507339,0.0000669245],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00851541,0.000037838803,0.00008446112,0.00027504223,0.0001844521,0.000028903063,0.00007333182,0.00012107351,0.000032276643],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0014127545,0.00003599447,0.000008124184,0.00028977278,0.00028573556,0.0022439773,0.000014157813,0.0012132776,0.0000011161197],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014851884,0.000029543848,0.80873424,0.000015341622,5.448548e-7,6.5626615e-8,0.13592099,0.000022762762,0.0013416156,0.00007995883,0.000008116808,0.053831995],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00011493267,0.00002640943,0.9500344,0.00009506922,0.0000018959685,0.0000123719665,0.047190215,0.000044977372,0.000025892521,0.00004779378,0.0023682995,0.000037764985],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00019735315,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009503503,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.14130016,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017444983,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00042910167,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.52711546},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2054609865","doi":"10.1016/j.asw.2009.01.001","title":"Drawing a line in the sand: Identifying the borderzone between self and other in EL1 and EL2 citation practices","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Assessing Writing","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":42,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Citation; Reading (process); Computer science; Confusion; Mathematics education; Bounding overwatch; Psychology; Linguistics; Artificial intelligence; World Wide Web","score_opus":0.08522387649035286,"score_gpt":0.4273070635142424,"score_spread":0.34208318702388957,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2054609865","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97612375,0.0009015016,0.00046807536,0.014215015,0.000030209017,0.00014939734,7.070116e-7,0.000026057738,0.008085267],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99668926,0.00010214372,0.0018039874,0.001095104,0.00028928957,0.000002829248,0.0000011746034,0.0000044414933,0.000011762989],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99840117,0.000712222,0.00023145322,0.00015941655,0.00026348405,0.00023227918],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99712986,0.0025260744,0.0002334451,0.000059695165,0.000029206918,0.000021698728],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0076193665,0.00007354927,0.00010925288,0.00007531873,0.0007924952,0.0007313596,0.00014283406,0.00018418008,0.000003513474],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0018312528,0.00005220249,0.000012916887,0.00034145307,0.000090278016,0.0008922994,0.000019384364,0.0009225411,6.558041e-7],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005820722,0.000037514437,0.62295544,0.000031970103,0.000014405007,0.000011375538,0.2547852,0.000008173397,0.00055725494,0.011100421,0.000049708764,0.110442735],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00046583315,0.000021837213,0.7478644,0.0006603954,0.00005015106,0.0000070848955,0.22434221,0.0012679384,0.000039513492,0.020824024,0.0042291316,0.00022744677],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002805779,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00081586256,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.124909006,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000029838982,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000571484,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.70525175},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2062364491","doi":"10.4309/jgi.2008.22.13","title":"Publishing Addiction Science","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Gambling Issues","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Addiction; Humanities; Publishing; Scientific publishing; Psychology; Political science; Art; Neuroscience; Law","score_opus":0.16191956344063468,"score_gpt":0.3955392268570365,"score_spread":0.23361966341640183,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2062364491","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.89718246,0.0030973018,0.0014579921,0.019942936,0.0022989407,0.0000623381,0.0000013084707,0.000053671018,0.07590305],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9896099,0.0022291034,0.0040968894,0.00026137775,0.002399144,1.8851335e-7,2.0783604e-7,0.0000038882454,0.0013993128],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99810183,0.00010624161,0.00029098406,0.00008334654,0.0011731628,0.00024443067],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998466,0.0001496072,0.00029963467,0.000057345584,0.00087433256,0.00015308031],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0061494415,0.000052902717,0.00013121667,0.000307111,0.0010831121,0.00029178275,0.0005316482,0.00020987309,0.00014631513],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004175617,0.000045109788,0.00006487483,0.0006185217,0.0005920083,0.0037090185,0.000027110682,0.0011237174,0.000017201828],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017470497,0.0002280354,0.04677105,0.000016906048,0.00010631622,0.00035796763,0.38844934,0.00031885336,0.009449633,0.089669004,0.36898783,0.095470384],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00021651489,0.0000785101,0.0047506364,0.0001316157,0.000016499354,0.00016073174,0.009495934,0.00009901029,0.0024026793,0.0034839078,0.9790399,0.00012405094],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008936377,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004094563,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6100521,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013562958,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00065893406,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8330532},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2067814851","doi":"10.1097/aco.0b013e328344529d","title":"Publication fraud: implications to the individual and to the specialty","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Current Opinion in Anaesthesiology","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ottawa Hospital; University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Scientific misconduct; Misconduct; Specialty; Medicine; Scientific integrity; Subject (documents); Scientific literature; Engineering ethics; Scientific progress; Process (computing); Alternative medicine; Family medicine; Law; Political science; Computer science; Pathology; Engineering; Epistemology; Library science","score_opus":0.2536129295308809,"score_gpt":0.4404433270236083,"score_spread":0.1868303974927274,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2067814851","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000010475282,0.96374476,0.0001326729,0.029382946,0.0030955889,0.0017077863,0.0001013929,0.000029437953,0.0017949457],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.000022133332,0.9963609,0.000056193006,0.00070979714,0.0020243921,0.00057709555,0.00015463833,0.000012321549,0.000082536106],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.996922,0.0015008936,0.0005408006,0.00044530077,0.00018709616,0.0004039075],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99840593,0.0006073833,0.00026339683,0.00044327698,0.00011346645,0.00016657267],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003278639,0.00021676252,0.0005198442,0.00025778118,0.00060696574,0.00008407244,0.0014629926,0.0007843648,0.00011985653],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0015904254,0.00012507598,0.00011157394,0.0008294921,0.0002727416,0.00007449757,0.0002411007,0.001612622,0.0005235482],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000010334858,0.000013930012,0.000107147884,0.00009370023,0.0000055860796,1.4830286e-8,0.004319895,9.665117e-8,8.165209e-10,0.12643784,0.09524349,0.77377725],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002281213,0.000045769073,0.0022231936,0.00070584455,0.000027106007,0.0000018747143,0.00028635171,2.399696e-7,5.820938e-9,0.0021865328,0.9943467,0.00015358202],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00058849715,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010119941,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8991032,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010852712,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00047276972,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.700613},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2070194843","doi":"10.1145/611892.611952","title":"Effectiveness of online assessment","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":60,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Competence (human resources); Online assessment; Online course; Online learning; Multimedia; Mathematics education; Medical education; Psychology","score_opus":0.020707926093839927,"score_gpt":0.36630660726827696,"score_spread":0.34559868117443704,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2070194843","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.2856285,0.000033752578,0.008036679,0.0003042877,0.00021272701,0.00011400714,0.0000031955105,0.000023314982,0.70564353],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9956927,0.000032563486,0.0027180468,0.000052305484,0.000021202432,0.0000014579058,0.0000017008869,0.0000015007395,0.0014785441],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990171,0.00058676495,0.00007126188,0.00006047547,0.00016822467,0.00009618309],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994142,0.0004299037,0.000023303051,0.00004363797,0.00005752814,0.00003142599],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002185772,0.000029031426,0.00007274044,0.000017369523,0.00007931645,0.000004267108,0.00007579848,0.00016751383,0.000574673],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003302608,0.000024007131,0.000026203175,0.00009892992,0.0000858586,0.000051438146,0.0000050845624,0.00024464374,0.000008344955],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000022126105,0.000045616947,0.007296835,0.000011294526,0.00000595719,3.568255e-7,0.0006895118,0.000002769758,0.0004774602,0.9903734,0.0002553932,0.00083922653],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011159906,0.00018727742,0.1583805,0.00021326421,0.00004751373,0.0000025364168,0.0344199,0.00007676592,0.037616,0.22705123,0.5403999,0.0004891491],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011749906,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00028499772,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7633221,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003476529,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018485547,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6292266},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2071606217","doi":"10.5455/aim.2013.21.148-155","title":"The Importance of Proper Citation of References in Biomedical Articles","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Acta Informatica Medica","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":79,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Citation; Listing (finance); Style (visual arts); Medical journal; Computer science; Library science; Order (exchange); Writing style; Information retrieval; History; Linguistics","score_opus":0.02506240120262836,"score_gpt":0.2902448487225701,"score_spread":0.26518244751994174,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2071606217","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.930973,0.000067055335,0.00006316775,0.020621376,0.000117215735,0.00028689133,0.0000024320059,0.000012345801,0.047856536],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988586,0.00026894873,0.0004624145,0.00023305201,0.000033455693,0.000021084114,0.0000028966483,0.0000015335507,0.000118048076],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983897,0.0001128189,0.00057842315,0.00004664001,0.00066887174,0.00020353206],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987221,0.00072169385,0.00023509507,0.00010970394,0.00013240305,0.00007903078],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0023990637,0.00004921218,0.00012720095,0.00006268572,0.00011335789,0.000017046154,0.00035567218,0.00021915445,0.00051005883],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0042014713,0.000028010802,0.00002392598,0.000321059,0.0009747428,0.00045372432,0.000031141983,0.00037335674,0.00003296505],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000048729988,0.00016698347,0.051099055,0.00024767898,0.00006725051,0.00000118915,0.39473873,7.374427e-7,0.0010122508,0.19842522,0.080328226,0.27386394],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012557798,0.0003861515,0.112828135,0.0008672637,0.000042565563,0.0000040229215,0.4255429,0.0053336974,0.0023100383,0.11817585,0.33278614,0.000467459],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014173018,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004908716,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2733965,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000020506948,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00025133617,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.55847865},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2076457796","doi":"10.1016/j.acalib.2009.08.001","title":"Chinese Graduate Students and the Canadian Academic Library: A User Study at the University of Windsor","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Academic Librarianship","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":69,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Windsor","funders":"","keywords":"Windsor; Academic library; Graduate students; Perception; Information literacy; Library science; Medical education; Psychology; Post graduate; Sociology; Pedagogy; Computer science; Medicine","score_opus":0.04089685402032089,"score_gpt":0.3041141778425129,"score_spread":0.263217323822192,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2076457796","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.85463053,0.0016784697,0.000008722146,0.13813198,0.00022013174,0.0005200578,0.000014292817,0.000014617598,0.0047811936],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9868717,0.004222346,0.000015067107,0.003714978,0.00064131443,3.1899592e-7,0.0000010347397,0.0000115623625,0.0045216717],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9947026,0.0030853897,0.0005196525,0.00014340425,0.0011189843,0.00042997926],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9968408,0.0018559819,0.0006572388,0.00024117224,0.00007334232,0.0003315129],"candidate_categories":["sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.009910535,0.0001882011,0.00037017144,0.0001338533,0.0018755782,0.00008702099,0.003336103,0.0006911675,0.0001869022],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00073754217,0.00008953991,0.00013002791,0.00062869926,0.0013618785,0.0014306817,0.00023157733,0.0063949153,0.000017021848],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0019361881,0.000052846324,0.5189479,0.000007536726,0.00027180728,0.000028743598,0.37851852,0.000047981117,0.000037757003,0.020709367,0.0777933,0.001648077],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0033168688,0.00022677756,0.8094187,0.00013789699,0.00044618762,0.00008607305,0.08110197,0.00003471566,0.00003051466,0.04876593,0.056168105,0.00026629007],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.020277593,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.010418675,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.29741654,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001055372,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00092783436,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99942386},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2083730353","doi":"10.1111/voxs.12076","title":"How to get a paper published","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ISBT Science Series","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Canadian Blood Services; University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Publication; Context (archaeology); Storytelling; Work (physics); Computer science; Engineering ethics; Scientific communication; Data science; Management science; Library science; Political science; Engineering; History; Law","score_opus":0.012958297497626146,"score_gpt":0.27337053854334636,"score_spread":0.2604122410457202,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2083730353","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.108486496,0.000035108143,0.0024651268,0.40098307,0.0018553351,0.0002776703,0.000006368908,0.00023733173,0.4856535],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96498126,0.000018361201,0.0026970366,0.0050841705,0.00057495193,0.000011803552,7.952209e-7,0.0000048871316,0.026626714],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9979411,0.00012196478,0.00010916142,0.00034840452,0.00089377933,0.00058562285],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990328,0.00011240538,0.00004621714,0.00023382613,0.00025977188,0.00031497484],"candidate_categories":["sts","scholarly_communication"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0042650606,0.00009233224,0.00012135875,0.00012775452,0.0014253726,0.001224006,0.0010403278,0.00020357296,0.00031856025],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006643564,0.00007739536,0.00003464576,0.0011086073,0.0019266811,0.0042823125,0.00011981416,0.00040472875,0.00015737569],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009609484,0.000010537143,0.0012050415,0.000003414461,0.0000018772287,0.000001083938,0.03549226,0.0000034742163,0.0045198337,0.91184163,0.03521332,0.011697942],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000037060934,0.000039624516,0.001393043,0.000008846804,0.0000019349357,0.0000015967979,0.008797966,0.000010741879,0.0015233096,0.028649341,0.9593969,0.00013962253],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014321905,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0023655235,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9241836,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000071082235,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003549989,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99987465},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2087963666","doi":"10.1007/s11948-011-9260-8","title":"A Tale of Two Perspectives: Regulation Versus Self-Regulation. A Financial Reporting Approach (from Sarbanes–Oxley) for Research Ethics","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Science and Engineering Ethics","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"","keywords":"Accounting; Audit; Business; Accounting management; Misconduct; Accounting research; Accounting standard; Financial accounting; Scientific misconduct; Public relations; Accounting information system; Political science; Law","score_opus":0.2612916037780104,"score_gpt":0.4272625517293991,"score_spread":0.16597094795138867,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2087963666","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8420334,0.00064357696,0.11197131,0.0037880274,0.0017425778,0.0012751239,0.000035631885,0.0003431195,0.038167227],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9545411,0.000071763505,0.044944037,0.000023733444,0.00029536372,0.000016680246,0.0000034766651,0.000007724298,0.000096111326],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9974667,0.00015274591,0.0003573449,0.00035217474,0.0012640296,0.00040704416],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99600196,0.0018783492,0.00022025876,0.00016954241,0.0016185287,0.000111386296],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["metaresearch"],"category_scores_codex":[0.029709386,0.00008819889,0.00014788544,0.00020342549,0.001253991,0.00006339454,0.00031037946,0.0007139884,0.000009860878],"category_scores_gemma":[0.045118097,0.00008958717,0.00003939952,0.0009416218,0.001181622,0.00045324588,0.00006552156,0.0024272203,9.362047e-7],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000028777524,0.00002511399,0.00020440842,0.000059020647,0.0000073091746,4.616278e-7,0.4054803,0.00037521595,0.0021385741,0.59130144,0.00007045017,0.00030894164],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003307957,0.0007793473,0.04550539,0.0010376659,0.00019897282,0.000014228094,0.3073009,0.30693126,0.019187814,0.27685645,0.036892474,0.0019875504],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0041198456,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00023781965,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.31444496,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018177023,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0018279458,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99987423},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"methods","study_design":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":[],"domain":null,"study_design":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre":"commentary","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"medium"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W2089994419","doi":"10.1007/s11948-014-9600-6","title":"Scientists Admitting to Plagiarism: A Meta-analysis of Surveys","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Science and Engineering Ethics","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":132,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Meta-analysis; Psychology; Survey research; Recall; Philosophy of science; Publication bias; Peer review; Medical education; Medicine; Political science; Applied psychology; Law; Pathology","score_opus":0.22889669792562578,"score_gpt":0.44370391064431075,"score_spread":0.21480721271868497,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2089994419","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000013827498,0.98156,0.014715602,0.00065295043,0.0006509732,0.00036663323,0.00008786611,0.00007212668,0.00188004],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.000695914,0.99588114,0.0024475977,0.00019674166,0.00012624271,0.000025763538,0.000011088223,0.000017943219,0.0005975979],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9954641,0.0007758982,0.0005951638,0.00061312556,0.0019536158,0.0005980919],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99532026,0.003020309,0.00026688716,0.00035367606,0.00065724726,0.0003816001],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.077644095,0.0002697625,0.002180726,0.001514805,0.00074182736,0.00021944978,0.0011309673,0.0015556592,0.00004745154],"category_scores_gemma":[0.019768897,0.00021740992,0.00069699634,0.0073510897,0.0009652114,0.00021091208,0.00021974975,0.0034030871,0.000014005302],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000012916861,0.00005101263,0.000024163619,0.014556647,0.040513,0.000011353629,0.06918689,0.0021949462,0.0000129708205,0.29221573,0.00096979516,0.5802622],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000010231945,0.000010669393,0.00000955829,0.0003944373,0.04345205,9.02896e-7,0.00013793638,0.0005644653,0.0000014228272,0.000047267622,0.95508534,0.00028572645],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0018189802,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000548003,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9541155,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001429828,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0017713733,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99974054},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"methods","study_design":"meta_analysis","genre":"review","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"meta_analysis","genre":"review","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W2093519592","doi":"10.1007/s10805-011-9141-4","title":"Encouraging Active Classroom Discussion of Academic Integrity and Misconduct in Higher Education Business Contexts","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Academic Ethics","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Wilfrid Laurier University","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Misconduct; Academic integrity; Psychology; Scientific misconduct; Perception; Presentation (obstetrics); Psychological intervention; Higher education; Medical education; Social psychology; Medicine; Political science","score_opus":0.16043992791811768,"score_gpt":0.4030493709071121,"score_spread":0.24260944298899445,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2093519592","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.90557075,0.0032048654,0.0002096716,0.07848394,0.0023740348,0.00023694932,0.000008341252,0.000015204459,0.009896227],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9873978,0.009043866,0.00060183223,0.0010725112,0.0007342706,0.0000021418086,0.0000012818026,0.000012356397,0.0011339277],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99664974,0.0010799434,0.0009628001,0.00019552436,0.00079382013,0.00031819116],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99654704,0.0011302009,0.0011720344,0.00009339275,0.00085634255,0.00020098824],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.008472675,0.00017050203,0.0004272918,0.00033312282,0.00020491327,0.000012915493,0.0005812534,0.0035245167,0.00016382159],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004963063,0.00011888427,0.00007904107,0.00049175223,0.00071774056,0.001218828,0.000079661215,0.028865842,0.0000027175913],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007034236,0.00024043667,0.13026062,0.00029679548,0.000103833685,0.000017349459,0.581311,0.0000052255255,0.013385025,0.20106767,0.0051347357,0.06747391],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0014983282,0.00017433321,0.30180404,0.006226531,0.0002145153,0.00010951269,0.13639994,0.000020300444,0.0074191126,0.49059978,0.05480848,0.00072513876],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001739613,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00018861439,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.44491103,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024899605,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0027027628,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9977691},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2098030430","doi":"10.1016/j.maturitas.2012.03.011","title":"Cooperation between research institutions and journals on research integrity cases: Guidance from the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE)","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Maturitas","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Statens Serum Institut; University of California, San Diego; Cross River University of Technology; University of Minnesota; Karolinska Institutet; University of Aberdeen; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; University of Connecticut; Monash University; Cardiff University; University of New South Wales; York University; Sveučilište u Zagrebu; Christian Medical College, Vellore; University of Oxford; Nanyang Technological University","keywords":"Scientific misconduct; Misconduct; Publication; Safeguarding; Officer; Suspect; Medicine; Research ethics; Research integrity; Publishing; Public relations; Political science; Law; Alternative medicine; Nursing; Psychiatry","score_opus":0.6041774147874082,"score_gpt":0.5535568546090945,"score_spread":0.05062056017831362,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2098030430","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.43293422,0.0029983988,0.00024552143,0.4436342,0.0007275167,0.00097177934,0.00033870572,0.000082244434,0.11806739],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99395406,0.0007393743,0.00019987179,0.0019196597,0.0021939445,0.000035858073,0.000064125066,0.0000080502095,0.00088505994],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99115163,0.0061796843,0.0002684387,0.00023441546,0.0015853341,0.00058046804],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.98531914,0.01279733,0.00006490038,0.00034110804,0.0012567154,0.00022082431],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["metaresearch"],"category_scores_codex":[0.041170653,0.00009892031,0.00013204826,0.0001647642,0.0052171773,0.0005919893,0.0006017337,0.0010360783,0.00027137692],"category_scores_gemma":[0.031309135,0.00007043066,0.000030564162,0.00071305555,0.0011906294,0.0006544301,0.00012917715,0.012533031,0.00045003567],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000031087748,0.00007990021,0.013531566,0.000006265042,0.000017916682,0.0000015519593,0.03618505,0.0000010679162,0.00004571317,0.6306459,0.31625095,0.0032030495],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001365903,0.00007462533,0.04746809,0.00022907255,0.000009904607,0.000002152275,0.0098970765,0.000010689728,0.000276129,0.016422886,0.92534727,0.00012552377],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0194472,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003775731,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.614223,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00030811434,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00054986455,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9960779},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2099483602","doi":"10.47678/cjhe.v43i1.2216","title":"Pedagogical or punitive?: The academic integrity websites of Ontario universities","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Higher Education","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"University of Toronto","keywords":"Punitive damages; Mandate; Academic integrity; Snapshot (computer storage); Scholarship; Sociology; Public relations; Higher education; Political science; Computer science; Library science; Law","score_opus":0.08712671142651432,"score_gpt":0.35746169074483763,"score_spread":0.2703349793183233,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2099483602","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.92438954,0.0008952254,0.00001308476,0.027559604,0.0013989061,0.00011585977,0.000004791101,0.000003073912,0.045619886],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.78154814,0.000033258286,0.000095572315,0.00078971975,0.0004939104,0.000001121486,0.0000015879368,0.0000026517312,0.21703401],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99907863,0.00023393308,0.00022423915,0.000056568453,0.0002053665,0.00020124926],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985815,0.00025070828,0.0002230526,0.0000610093,0.000576127,0.00030756448],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006707802,0.00006482426,0.000118136864,0.00013872508,0.00033710434,0.000043940636,0.00041221554,0.00034005434,0.014687213],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015660592,0.000042164887,0.00005884805,0.00017035833,0.00041886925,0.00047556343,0.000006514793,0.0019777587,0.000047277095],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000025812924,0.000031650514,0.12071573,0.000010928846,0.000056838293,0.0000056526674,0.365896,0.0000031658067,0.000044740253,0.18309045,0.32742897,0.0026900785],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000050664916,0.00003207968,0.085091084,0.000057264813,0.000024398156,0.000010319058,0.08702353,2.4614502e-7,0.00002290279,0.0072271903,0.82040405,0.00005626607],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.7882767,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.6817649,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.49297512,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001432364,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.042211432,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9862135},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2102671823","doi":"10.21913/ijei.v3i1.128","title":"An exploration of the role of Canadian academic libraries in promoting academic integrity","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Educational Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Academic dishonesty; Academic library; Information literacy; Library science; Political science; Higher education; Exploratory research; Public relations; Medical education; Sociology; Medicine; Computer science; Law; Social science","score_opus":0.07851609246483005,"score_gpt":0.40589672288343787,"score_spread":0.3273806304186078,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2102671823","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.91653985,0.00053365785,0.0013886503,0.06771444,0.005186982,0.0005942817,0.0001640143,0.000015496807,0.007862636],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9955822,0.00026679775,0.0016866007,0.0004334862,0.0017136786,0.000015282538,0.00003769268,0.000011563612,0.00025268516],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9971948,0.00032962603,0.0009730366,0.00019831416,0.00092017424,0.00038399966],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9964528,0.0009867611,0.0006524072,0.00012161641,0.0015279691,0.00025843427],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.006877343,0.00014026123,0.00020123986,0.000927053,0.0003749756,0.000059246413,0.0016407118,0.0008534858,0.00018154524],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005478158,0.000117417876,0.00015807657,0.0006690481,0.000425784,0.003052378,0.00004480477,0.0052301763,0.00000333697],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010572088,0.00011369806,0.14238042,0.0000086311475,0.00003719251,5.23858e-7,0.035035938,0.000025173125,0.0022458818,0.80961066,0.00093906466,0.009497098],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00029728503,0.000049330658,0.05851195,0.00037490932,0.000018543913,0.000022035209,0.038448196,0.00027214212,0.015947018,0.8240028,0.061854757,0.00020105019],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.106881045,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.11952249,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08386847,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00067806174,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0046617724,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99706477},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2104412709","doi":"","title":"Enseigner les stratégies de créacollage numérique pour éviter le plagiat au secondaire","year":2015,"lang":"fr","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Education / Revue canadienne de l éducation","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec en Outaouais","funders":"","keywords":"Humanities; Philosophy; Political science","score_opus":0.054002164530849814,"score_gpt":0.2868889092370124,"score_spread":0.23288674470616255,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2104412709","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8109029,0.0047636093,0.00057515723,0.13969992,0.012861143,0.00019498,0.00007743858,0.000007806175,0.03091703],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9412619,0.00013542087,0.0011054242,0.0019667654,0.0055826087,0.000014139082,0.000038490314,0.000036838952,0.049858425],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.99670464,0.0009532747,0.0007173547,0.0002710997,0.00015595878,0.001197686],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99334085,0.0002558842,0.00071803754,0.00024269197,0.0016726693,0.0037698378],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0042745434,0.00027066426,0.0003524846,0.0005779982,0.00075559056,0.00023756259,0.0006149669,0.0011178191,0.0007938685],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0032329417,0.0003346873,0.0001720241,0.00059331703,0.0004541145,0.000975432,0.000008775408,0.0016044129,0.00005494507],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":true,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011255996,0.00007516513,0.006121149,0.00009852356,0.000059326743,0.000043676413,0.65013885,0.00033240268,0.00005387627,0.09135396,0.23544952,0.016262285],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00019974708,0.0000733046,0.0057741576,0.00041497202,0.000056026776,0.00071268727,0.49548465,0.000091336406,0.00009124791,0.023483843,0.4733234,0.00029461016],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.6832878,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.95789295,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.27460515,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.017712928,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.1572578,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99991053},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2107418313","doi":"10.1371/journal.pmed.1001406","title":"Policies and Initiatives Aimed at Addressing Research Misconduct in High-Income Countries","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"letter","venue":"PLoS Medicine","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":71,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; Health Canada; Research Councils UK; National Institutes of Health; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Misconduct; Scientific misconduct; High income countries; Research integrity; Political science; Developing country; Public relations; Medicine; Psychology; Economic growth; Law; Alternative medicine; Economics; Pathology","score_opus":0.17514744328383602,"score_gpt":0.41473932443503164,"score_spread":0.23959188115119562,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2107418313","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"commentary","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"commentary","genre_consensus":"commentary","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.10899708,0.00465672,5.211765e-7,0.85520023,0.00043289165,0.0005467175,0.00003911866,0.00005203751,0.03007467],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.21389231,0.02291935,0.00012621474,0.68496615,0.035004452,0.00021698252,0.00031222697,0.00011533581,0.042446952],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9944239,0.001833949,0.00048476885,0.00045525827,0.0018465733,0.0009555485],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9940858,0.0049364995,0.00020163303,0.0002306638,0.00039501896,0.00015037946],"candidate_categories":["sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0035390737,0.00028310122,0.00072996016,0.000685634,0.0008453421,0.00008496534,0.00053313066,0.002563853,0.002400054],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0049731596,0.0002173163,0.000029886638,0.00045410308,0.00476356,0.00037728436,0.00019767236,0.008643341,0.0001597652],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013543776,0.0000075129833,0.004241462,0.00030417295,0.000046993846,0.00013648914,0.059352882,3.2766657e-8,0.00007189712,0.0024868613,0.9332545,0.00008369761],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00051576615,0.00008815138,0.0046123317,0.0037508514,0.00004520237,0.000006246373,0.008066765,0.000004819348,0.00010182214,0.0067595504,0.97572696,0.00032151083],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.04130245,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0024125383,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.17023407,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00044337212,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003623668,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.998731},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"evaluation","study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"commentary","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"methods","study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"commentary","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"}],"label_agreement":"agree"},{"id":"W2108542401","doi":"10.1128/mbio.00156-13","title":"Are Men More Likely than Women To Commit Scientific Misconduct? Maybe, Maybe Not","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"letter","venue":"mBio","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":37,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Women's Health Research Institute","funders":"National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion; National Institute of General Medical Sciences; National Institutes of Health","keywords":"Commit; Misconduct; Psychology; Competence (human resources); Scientific misconduct; Sexual misconduct; Criminology; Social psychology; Medicine; Political science; Law; Alternative medicine; Computer science","score_opus":0.04897697863324894,"score_gpt":0.2989171865200828,"score_spread":0.24994020788683388,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2108542401","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"commentary","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"commentary","genre_consensus":"commentary","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.029740898,0.00012701226,0.0000100822335,0.8951667,0.0031575297,0.00089233863,0.000449755,0.00018845247,0.07026721],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.008308646,0.000021101201,0.00017815016,0.5339774,0.0060057305,0.00015578169,0.00019439863,0.00005763089,0.45110115],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9950646,0.00050757977,0.00044974146,0.00094861916,0.001522525,0.0015069247],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978404,0.0002876208,0.00040928778,0.0007454022,0.00032706338,0.0003902132],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0019338747,0.00046274593,0.00063189154,0.00032866676,0.0015269622,0.000975733,0.002159449,0.004009168,0.0047486285],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005298204,0.0004333584,0.00019870813,0.0005787525,0.0010094442,0.0003445413,0.00030629523,0.006486857,0.0062277853],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005967261,0.000015136196,0.00016329902,0.00004775466,0.000043627988,0.000071461196,0.05906082,2.4251597e-7,0.00005254136,0.00030053972,0.93965733,0.0005812652],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00010999776,0.000020810125,0.00041640154,0.00014460493,0.000025170812,0.000002726643,0.01966311,0.0000026386106,0.00013029682,0.0014388423,0.97746056,0.0005848131],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009280874,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003084346,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.38083395,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006224803,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00038614252,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998118},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2109391703","doi":"10.1037/a0020773","title":"Identifying and profiling scholastic cheaters: Their personality, cognitive ability, and motivation.","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Experimental Psychology Applied","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":339,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Psychology; Cheating; Psychopathy; Machiavellianism; Personality; Agreeableness; Dark triad; Social psychology; Clinical psychology; Developmental psychology; Big Five personality traits; Extraversion and introversion","score_opus":0.05635516793987502,"score_gpt":0.3882577167342087,"score_spread":0.3319025487943337,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2109391703","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9860167,0.00039375643,0.00037326216,0.00079230213,0.0005116732,0.00017464827,0.000003625141,0.0000112801345,0.011722789],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99768126,0.000058661106,0.0012149563,0.00061357213,0.00039844358,0.0000056828276,0.000001269901,0.0000071578697,0.00001902144],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.99895924,0.00013372276,0.00029927932,0.00019475601,0.00021518096,0.0001978322],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991202,0.00037779595,0.00021265549,0.000053421863,0.000096909454,0.00013904071],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0018311051,0.00011161002,0.00020718933,0.00008904789,0.0003824813,0.000076851844,0.00014644128,0.0004014331,0.0001682609],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00028716336,0.00009515016,0.00004313296,0.00008385193,0.000882977,0.00029677927,0.000048802864,0.0015400362,0.00000420827],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00032445943,0.00019771713,0.04021936,0.000012136371,0.000085906504,0.000007179416,0.055437416,6.6354936e-8,0.87787306,0.023243815,0.00015219786,0.0024467038],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.007331084,0.00059885654,0.27504614,0.00023322832,0.00013887693,0.0006803929,0.34370777,0.000023860532,0.28385594,0.08469992,0.0027725643,0.00091135036],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000030255356,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000011288378,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5940171,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002156013,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004582294,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6690777},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2115499001","doi":"10.5539/ies.v7n6p66","title":"Influence of Neutralization Attitude in Academic Dishonesty among Undergraduates","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Education Studies","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Academic dishonesty; Psychology; Feeling; Social psychology; Dishonesty; Neutralization","score_opus":0.04954464114664774,"score_gpt":0.42103058508355834,"score_spread":0.3714859439369106,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2115499001","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9832037,0.00030971156,0.00019670436,0.0081284335,0.0010504744,0.00009472762,0.0000021348433,0.000021758387,0.006992363],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9966218,0.0016744722,0.00013790462,0.0003814223,0.00024429546,0.000028771212,0.000009738525,0.0000040165055,0.0008975791],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99893034,0.00015934173,0.00030527616,0.0001433327,0.00033986758,0.00012187077],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99864537,0.00040212375,0.00017964134,0.00006136572,0.00067745254,0.00003402514],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007660271,0.000071432674,0.00012299705,0.0001585358,0.00011054866,0.000014099351,0.00026719246,0.00017058667,0.000014837596],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0033013662,0.00007025596,0.000027571707,0.00023725131,0.0003350641,0.00043011838,0.000037182577,0.00034989987,0.000011703201],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006454769,0.000057297424,0.80174357,0.000016488317,0.000031501724,8.541779e-8,0.019286191,0.0013958334,0.00016407916,0.17280349,0.0014971517,0.002997869],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00017339845,0.000013475968,0.87245286,0.00031607936,0.000014866529,7.1106257e-7,0.015042949,0.00018725102,0.0007695289,0.080751315,0.030101806,0.00017574568],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003254331,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001684796,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.09205217,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011258411,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018143393,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.49195966},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2121693989","doi":"10.19173/irrodl.v14i5.1541","title":"Institutional level identity control strategies in the distance education environment: A survey of administrative staff","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Athabasca University","funders":"","keywords":"Distance education; Higher education; Academic freedom; Openness to experience; Accreditation; Public relations; Psychology; Medical education; Sociology; Pedagogy; Political science; Medicine; Social psychology","score_opus":0.19816477979878222,"score_gpt":0.48962813965434426,"score_spread":0.29146335985556204,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2121693989","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.71699935,0.038405612,0.012477194,0.08664423,0.00032092497,0.0067591234,0.0013891902,0.000011075089,0.13699329],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9838302,0.015663566,0.000032336964,0.00008829489,0.000022314804,0.00009140746,0.00013135512,0.000001437573,0.00013904451],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99609655,0.0024652986,0.0003247079,0.00012262806,0.00084228243,0.00014850857],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99745655,0.0019164605,0.00015937639,0.00008770232,0.00034991713,0.000029988747],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.014686089,0.00005434175,0.00014949156,0.000051581228,0.00022755498,0.00016777245,0.0010436454,0.00006574054,0.00031593596],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004929313,0.000034839075,0.000021569693,0.00034043973,0.00071548484,0.00070612365,0.00012052103,0.00091330754,0.000008762067],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008248736,0.00028161163,0.092161074,0.00029657787,0.00002652028,0.000001698746,0.003910868,0.00009306138,0.00002204705,0.89118683,0.0018121831,0.0101250205],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00056630606,0.00008546797,0.81939554,0.0043879123,0.0000072074754,0.0000031109812,0.083227046,0.00044971166,0.00000862544,0.044582747,0.047166202,0.00012013605],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.056354284,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0052907015,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8466041,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011788383,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0010123685,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.94992954},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2122553096","doi":"10.22230/cjc.2006v31n1a1595","title":"Why They Lie: Probing the Explanations for Journalistic Cheating","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Communication","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Journalism; Dysfunctional family; Action (physics); Sociology; Media studies; Political science; Epistemology; Public relations; Psychology; Social psychology; Philosophy","score_opus":0.03772767088926128,"score_gpt":0.3007222824624677,"score_spread":0.2629946115732064,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2122553096","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.086824186,0.010311925,0.058620047,0.6624063,0.0014078927,0.0012818243,0.00007074857,0.00003690549,0.17904013],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9963362,0.00011320501,0.0019130993,0.0009155434,0.00042076514,0.000005559552,0.000007652501,0.0000054039983,0.00028253315],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99900883,0.00034550257,0.00028774812,0.00003277189,0.00014921538,0.0001759253],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99825966,0.0007218673,0.00031416863,0.00013791915,0.0004492528,0.00011710088],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002992762,0.000045346987,0.00007853097,0.00010205926,0.0018855713,0.00015339628,0.0006464153,0.00013156774,0.000048654972],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0011109373,0.000035238772,0.000061482206,0.0001169685,0.00013966866,0.00024596706,0.000005840757,0.0006870275,0.0000017749641],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000071623203,0.000012221804,0.0017253443,0.0000061181945,0.00002940732,0.0000017187042,0.048792303,0.00078084774,0.00006378348,0.79528666,0.1471064,0.0061880755],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00013845666,0.0000144370515,0.00083702,0.00011311126,0.00003206216,0.000020486686,0.010738199,0.00021073547,0.000022128595,0.0953559,0.89244694,0.000070555514],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.100295536,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.5242922,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.90951204,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022264705,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0010346095,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99941385},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2123696324","doi":"10.1002/lary.24294","title":"Current incidence of duplicate publication in otolaryngology","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"The Laryngoscope","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"BC Children's Hospital; Vancouver General Hospital","funders":"","keywords":"Medicine; Otorhinolaryngology; Subspecialty; Incidence (geometry); Index (typography); MEDLINE; Retrospective cohort study; Bibliometrics; Family medicine; Surgery; Library science; World Wide Web; Computer science","score_opus":0.06960365930966181,"score_gpt":0.3907845364719754,"score_spread":0.3211808771623136,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2123696324","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00007419036,0.9847334,0.00004224742,0.0016010411,0.00038347792,0.0014607132,0.00001989676,0.00003525347,0.011649803],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00009776282,0.9983155,0.00005513168,0.00013611461,0.0002854367,0.00032513088,0.00005210773,0.00001757367,0.00071521226],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99647164,0.0016066775,0.00077463087,0.00032922835,0.00038792405,0.00042987082],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977422,0.0008684215,0.00067548215,0.00044684016,0.00018485289,0.00008221508],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0036470883,0.00023628047,0.0009866294,0.00020841091,0.00019675633,0.00004862654,0.0016657953,0.0010689067,0.00059479394],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0012335044,0.00015538871,0.00020075224,0.0009270589,0.00054231135,0.0002756368,0.00021373377,0.002595394,0.00092992105],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000016971412,0.000041397474,0.00007471592,0.0016361327,0.000021281092,8.169609e-7,0.002163469,8.573577e-8,5.3208055e-7,0.049001962,0.010160602,0.93689734],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003631662,0.000009437236,0.000047000027,0.0026530612,0.00007488517,0.0000031619948,0.000064986685,0.0000047801,0.0000010397839,0.001648724,0.99530435,0.00015226123],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006343879,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007356791,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9851437,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016084024,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00081886083,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99984795},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2128494972","doi":"","title":"Challenges of Maintaining Academic Integrity in an Age of Collaboration, Sharing and Social Networking","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ScholarSpace (University of Hawaii at Manoa)","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Columbia College","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Cheating; Viewpoints; Public relations; Academic dishonesty; Academic community; The Internet; Psychology; Internet privacy; Medical education; Business; Engineering ethics; Political science; Sociology; Computer science; Engineering; World Wide Web; Medicine; Social psychology","score_opus":0.04547444812164021,"score_gpt":0.30533369580770603,"score_spread":0.25985924768606583,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2128494972","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98237807,0.00022331685,0.00004897557,0.0065331417,0.00014990437,0.00013497558,0.000008325295,0.000019473811,0.010503805],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980832,0.0006767303,0.00087221485,0.000018958257,0.00009833495,1.5570888e-7,0.000006187384,0.000005975049,0.00023824866],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.99875367,0.00026466613,0.00015440323,0.0002565647,0.00032848184,0.00024224666],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991789,0.00012725274,0.00028383674,0.00012582881,0.0002088371,0.00007536325],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0029074138,0.00009613585,0.0002893367,0.00018856394,0.00046433098,0.000014343254,0.000469931,0.0008774019,0.000053619533],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014625902,0.00012862468,0.00004598164,0.00032353317,0.0006736018,0.00085449783,0.0002325001,0.0023786414,0.0000013179392],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013932653,0.000046494493,0.26602834,0.00008205174,0.000028518794,0.0000148020445,0.22068141,0.0000107244905,0.013139662,0.49467486,0.00013081913,0.005022982],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010952699,0.000110495486,0.22009265,0.00025763008,0.000060602903,0.0000028474954,0.7464102,0.0003153955,0.00037160865,0.013257425,0.017642243,0.00038361602],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002189731,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.09190026,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5257288,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008258886,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014075285,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99992293},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2128972778","doi":"10.5430/jnep.v3n7p30","title":"Innovative teaching strategy for promoting academic integrity in simulation","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Nursing Education and Practice","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Facilitator; Flexibility (engineering); Plan (archaeology); Computer science; Medical education; Psychology; Mathematics education; Knowledge management; Medicine; Social psychology; Management","score_opus":0.1562800497682717,"score_gpt":0.5130558225256463,"score_spread":0.3567757727573746,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2128972778","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7404068,0.00090826425,0.018654598,0.16687399,0.002142271,0.0008098237,0.0000012726216,0.000018589068,0.07018438],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9894804,0.00008532318,0.0088561,0.0006599659,0.00067890954,0.0000039966762,0.0000012072046,0.0000041063054,0.00023001392],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985282,0.0007291388,0.00035441486,0.000074165786,0.00018433869,0.00012974814],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9953866,0.0030518966,0.00059616636,0.000027657796,0.0008732326,0.00006442073],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00631958,0.00005455873,0.00010235434,0.00015274897,0.00038993513,0.00007980196,0.00008828537,0.00028895796,0.000020181595],"category_scores_gemma":[0.020433754,0.000050051043,0.000017492548,0.00020271343,0.000068321424,0.0022092036,0.000004642183,0.0025800595,0.0000014932945],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008212631,0.00033512112,0.001056051,0.000016500668,0.000011121819,2.2202842e-7,0.24968617,0.000112528316,0.0004189107,0.042466875,0.0053619924,0.7004524],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00067960337,0.00029821583,0.013335447,0.0017473379,0.000074236814,0.00015978125,0.67272055,0.006161739,0.00009866314,0.13450216,0.16993324,0.00028904513],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005455389,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008977672,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.70016336,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021798063,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008286779,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99972105},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2130837514","doi":"10.18438/b8qk6d","title":"Open Access Works are as Reliable as Other Publishing Models at Retracting Flawed Articles from the Biomedical Literature","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Evidence Based Library and Information Practice","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Citation; Computer science; Impact factor; Library science; Publishing; Citation analysis; Identifier; Information retrieval; World Wide Web; Data science; Medicine; Political science","score_opus":0.04358300162453899,"score_gpt":0.33432642449389394,"score_spread":0.29074342286935495,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2130837514","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"commentary","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.023910953,0.0011554518,0.0042966236,0.80065936,0.00047680034,0.00055704964,0.00003405356,0.00017169002,0.16873801],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5834712,0.0018885517,0.00409119,0.40782276,0.0008828099,0.000036782665,0.00017117057,0.000014526556,0.001621043],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9974196,0.0010510916,0.0004005169,0.0002032405,0.00065300346,0.00027256634],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.98931235,0.009441256,0.0006385784,0.0002715716,0.0001279443,0.00020831882],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts","scholarly_communication","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["scholarly_communication"],"category_scores_codex":[0.004888375,0.00012846854,0.00014025952,0.00007385592,0.0013611483,0.017123055,0.0015634063,0.00060641835,0.0013165834],"category_scores_gemma":[0.025032483,0.00009299552,0.0000352787,0.00073259044,0.00017643884,0.59549296,0.0006421719,0.0016684885,0.00012476882],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0011476873,0.00004874053,0.002447929,0.000048484017,0.00003847869,0.0000064925043,0.031397745,0.0003398016,0.000014823261,0.6592099,0.26706734,0.038232572],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00022409522,0.00002952645,0.0004815625,0.0012200598,0.000021889684,0.000005124325,0.009954713,0.011964137,0.00017447195,0.013995774,0.96177745,0.00015117762],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00281325,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007864521,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.69471014,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000029851475,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00032763457,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99993896},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2134227405","doi":"10.2304/plat.2009.8.1.46","title":"Academic Folk Wisdom: Fact, Fiction and Falderal","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Psychology Learning & Teaching","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"The King's University; Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Mathematics education; Psychology; Multiple choice; Sitting; Social psychology; Linguistics; Philosophy; Medicine","score_opus":0.03066645053622027,"score_gpt":0.3848442236321092,"score_spread":0.35417777309588894,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2134227405","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7662503,0.00054781896,0.008112096,0.024763077,0.0005970533,0.00013220459,6.4335796e-7,0.00033975428,0.19925706],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9921053,0.00042821324,0.0007032635,0.003173666,0.00063567644,0.0000025754532,0.0000051055945,0.0000087717235,0.0029374294],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9977193,0.0010755948,0.00021655732,0.00033467577,0.00021122658,0.00044268146],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993762,0.00027132727,0.00012228287,0.000089091416,0.000022735003,0.00011840724],"candidate_categories":["sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0030556743,0.00012948315,0.00017024632,0.00011166168,0.0015139624,0.00004633938,0.00021743076,0.00097473187,0.00011242238],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0011026853,0.00013368216,0.000048209553,0.00009278653,0.00020637237,0.00031890854,0.000020086185,0.007301931,0.000058894526],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000083193736,0.000068248264,0.07201932,0.000005549157,0.000036822043,0.000014479387,0.15481123,0.00006755393,0.0028673331,0.07536281,0.027688088,0.6669754],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005976616,0.00031181396,0.06772749,0.00006187878,0.000032250948,0.00005007133,0.009450331,0.00029670738,0.00001400796,0.020355342,0.90071595,0.00038647166],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00046524752,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000022638815,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.87302786,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000047977454,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002784832,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99978596},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2135880542","doi":"10.5539/res.v4n1p245","title":"Factors That Predispose Secondary School Teachers to Examination Malpractice in Edo State, Nigeria","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Review of European Studies","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Malpractice; Government (linguistics); Anomie; Psychology; Medical education; Descriptive statistics; Data collection; Mathematics education; Medicine; Social psychology; Political science; Law; Social science; Sociology; Statistics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.09570197996099143,"score_gpt":0.38177427309208867,"score_spread":0.2860722931310972,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2135880542","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.47999042,0.22118993,0.000021393364,0.001982256,0.0006648086,0.00076334656,0.000022470302,0.0000491243,0.29531625],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.78319097,0.21382947,0.00015036909,0.00090216217,0.00019019833,0.000007595739,0.00000502671,0.000013161919,0.0017110338],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99649036,0.0023572212,0.00036114518,0.00015686745,0.00033080598,0.00030358532],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988664,0.00053616054,0.00023033928,0.00013249116,0.00010128075,0.00013337651],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.007332378,0.00013362535,0.00034438554,0.00007445696,0.00015519065,0.000014394817,0.0002334575,0.000057950714,0.00016520875],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0074398774,0.00010499217,0.00006261987,0.00028118733,0.00012450478,0.0007281196,0.00011616008,0.00058901176,0.0001319871],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016591008,0.0002079434,0.44830278,0.0040983423,0.000238211,0.000009331023,0.34950215,8.834534e-7,0.00018225328,0.001548405,0.07957349,0.11631962],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000080094534,0.000029442721,0.46322775,0.0032553936,0.000031872925,4.898038e-7,0.054673903,3.7606565e-8,0.00007704566,0.000019539033,0.47843102,0.00017343814],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00012633887,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000078025645,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3988575,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010119911,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005652346,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.89067656},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2138673945","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-8519.2010.01878.x","title":"PUBLISHING BIOETHICS AND <i>BIOETHICS</i> – REFLECTIONS ON ACADEMIC PUBLISHING BY A JOURNAL EDITOR","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Bioethics","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Publishing; Bioethics; Enforcement; Impact factor; Political science; Academic integrity; Library science; Sociology; Media studies; Law; Computer science","score_opus":0.1326022758257028,"score_gpt":0.4165539731657215,"score_spread":0.2839516973400187,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2138673945","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"commentary","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.010841101,0.0007550727,0.0014095022,0.8850975,0.037133306,0.0003891762,0.0002131834,0.0004386421,0.0637225],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7979034,0.017250353,0.0073974957,0.06710441,0.103264324,0.000039778162,0.0001292592,0.00015939958,0.006751575],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99452156,0.0011580255,0.0006507383,0.0005850225,0.0021042803,0.0009803821],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9930877,0.0041104085,0.00049823534,0.0003246769,0.0011648186,0.0008141706],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","sts","scholarly_communication","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["sts","research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.026054498,0.0003220701,0.00031732456,0.00034281408,0.0042623812,0.005912477,0.001403724,0.010763486,0.00015252466],"category_scores_gemma":[0.04547625,0.00030648443,0.0001376357,0.0008491481,0.009317407,0.0057954476,0.00022033163,0.064509526,0.000046424706],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002376273,0.000032677952,0.00045886403,0.000014799466,0.000023053783,0.0000037459456,0.022499712,5.697908e-7,0.000955643,0.5648233,0.40878803,0.0023758411],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00031324083,0.00008181692,0.000031899777,0.00011820803,0.000035840374,0.000037420006,0.038028482,0.000024672647,0.00066130573,0.06435979,0.89589953,0.00040780788],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.020328622,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.019720098,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8179931,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020270252,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0017784408,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999387},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2139136071","doi":"10.1503/cmaj.109-3827","title":"Shedding light on retractions","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Medical Association Journal","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Phrase; Computer science; Word (group theory); World Wide Web; Linguistics; Natural language processing; Philosophy","score_opus":0.018181727781629475,"score_gpt":0.27380408683925395,"score_spread":0.2556223590576245,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2139136071","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.015055056,0.000036717225,0.000116597235,0.109132536,0.0030050215,0.00005717628,0.0000072293706,0.000031385982,0.8725583],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9617686,0.0003382607,0.00020952785,0.023235165,0.0059112534,0.0000028983934,0.00000193703,0.000010784517,0.008521563],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9976238,0.00034971122,0.00022232119,0.00008935843,0.001270483,0.0004443316],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99786216,0.0002187672,0.00013331168,0.000044849432,0.00024556246,0.0014953401],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.004705837,0.000059952425,0.0000927491,0.00014974768,0.0012350227,0.00006784153,0.0002642002,0.0011856537,0.024879392],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0068180677,0.00005731756,0.000068694775,0.00021089683,0.000044113254,0.00019947316,0.000004269428,0.0033524358,0.0008197376],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000044091457,0.000026982485,0.025321828,9.716307e-7,0.00005453253,0.00021667204,0.021576144,2.892431e-7,0.0000026111725,0.1034805,0.8230527,0.02626234],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009449627,0.000016172778,0.004346159,0.000031104013,0.0000073398965,0.000024705765,0.0039030893,0.000011964379,0.000011318757,0.0031357352,0.988339,0.00007888456],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0318281,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.18256867,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.94671357,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0012984057,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0028428028,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999582},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2140455418","doi":"10.1177/0340035205052640","title":"Unreliable Research: are librarians liable?","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IFLA Journal","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Deception; Reputation; Publication; Public relations; Sociology; Library science; Law; Political science; Psychology; Internet privacy; Computer science","score_opus":0.1250591299389625,"score_gpt":0.39955967407138837,"score_spread":0.27450054413242586,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2140455418","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.036584936,0.0018195385,0.00082363305,0.13273089,0.0015284496,0.0001581978,0.000008250893,0.00009917822,0.8262469],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.83378285,0.0036518674,0.004811166,0.003329546,0.0155753065,0.000005608372,0.0000017408419,0.000029032242,0.13881285],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9972508,0.0007001076,0.00023831209,0.00014065906,0.00096776325,0.00070233777],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99863505,0.0004927486,0.00010750203,0.000113944785,0.00029112666,0.0003596199],"candidate_categories":["sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0066703004,0.00007975728,0.00012826077,0.00016738316,0.0020676204,0.0004105756,0.00061592384,0.0005377004,0.0046890196],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0016668959,0.00007049589,0.00007517484,0.0004226363,0.0003015656,0.00095170096,0.000051445284,0.004218628,0.0011541032],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000017290364,0.000049024213,0.0029365262,0.000003081779,0.000017031187,0.000048895865,0.014090156,0.000073706775,0.000082766055,0.05895574,0.9129856,0.010740144],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00014816098,0.000020729747,0.00043344876,0.0000754128,0.0000045777456,0.00003866526,0.008517394,0.00006706484,0.00014932643,0.02415001,0.9663007,0.00009449566],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00054894574,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00057716307,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.79719794,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001951498,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00062982965,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996236},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2144035663","doi":"10.1007/978-3-642-55352-3_8","title":"Examining Instructional Interventions: Encouraging Academic Integrity Through Active Learning Approaches","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"New frontiers of educational research","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Wilfrid Laurier University","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Academic integrity; Misconduct; Honesty; Psychology; Academic dishonesty; Psychological intervention; Engineering ethics; Social psychology; Pedagogy; Medical education; Political science; Medicine; Engineering; Law","score_opus":0.39095255694787434,"score_gpt":0.4443086345706295,"score_spread":0.05335607762275518,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2144035663","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00074945646,0.005191487,0.004605399,0.015709065,0.0019451366,0.00054182677,0.000035870762,0.000028850549,0.9711929],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.02910646,0.0030930769,0.0141607495,0.00006891535,0.0046633356,0.000044313423,0.0002637567,0.000058232865,0.94854116],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99497324,0.00076846656,0.00072097505,0.0006556114,0.0022635113,0.00061820535],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9946607,0.0033243762,0.00056530745,0.00023879633,0.00092821,0.00028262354],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.005637617,0.00029151933,0.00050770846,0.0007098845,0.0011217354,0.00007778191,0.0010919024,0.0022208898,0.0033292898],"category_scores_gemma":[0.009301631,0.0003218032,0.000308128,0.00023103088,0.0018553616,0.0005055659,0.00022237992,0.015603774,0.00014534038],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004917205,0.000019621684,0.0011468293,0.00006933456,0.00014546195,2.4011243e-7,0.009286999,0.000019408057,0.0000029784499,0.7700476,0.17998661,0.039225724],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001562802,0.00006187752,0.0003994135,0.0008745481,0.000041402247,0.0000033745903,0.01610155,0.00003797101,0.00001685973,0.39323822,0.5888001,0.00026844032],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0032969422,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00032253403,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.40881345,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0010971614,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.005791571,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999234},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2151371905","doi":"10.1590/s1516-31802005000500008","title":"Authorship: an ethical dilemma of science","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Sao Paulo Medical Journal","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":48,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Scientific misconduct; Medicine; Rigour; Context (archaeology); Misconduct; Dilemma; Ethical standards; Public relations; Engineering ethics; Political science; Alternative medicine; Law","score_opus":0.0935405047284181,"score_gpt":0.46141426884840153,"score_spread":0.3678737641199834,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2151371905","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000027124785,0.9777679,0.00034658622,0.006186103,0.0021937601,0.00023260096,0.000018788727,0.00004376736,0.013183359],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00020872978,0.99097466,0.00071074365,0.00094584463,0.0067167403,0.000004636345,0.0000065724803,0.000021595386,0.00041049364],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9878666,0.0032886227,0.001400136,0.0004275982,0.00601951,0.0009975418],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99461824,0.0012925129,0.0008378691,0.0002786715,0.0005257645,0.0024469632],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["metaresearch","sts","research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.044566255,0.00031890973,0.0014193469,0.00045178304,0.0014220574,0.00018476343,0.0033568102,0.0070926063,0.005895722],"category_scores_gemma":[0.018461095,0.00022576215,0.0005222914,0.0011075928,0.006319367,0.0004492391,0.00018546835,0.026431648,0.00012268276],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000030249723,0.00005320789,0.0000016631188,0.00030242995,0.000026322086,0.000085239066,0.0035951033,4.5994124e-8,7.9805716e-8,0.016306039,0.004788303,0.97483855],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000086225344,0.00006353173,0.0000035738422,0.007229606,0.0001761877,0.00046258123,0.00054320216,0.0000091883285,1.7536019e-7,0.0035464608,0.987632,0.00024727738],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00031393592,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00030847194,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9828437,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00041487,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.015938915,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998779},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2153924055","doi":"10.1038/srep03146","title":"The Retraction Penalty: Evidence from the Web of Science","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scientific Reports","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":195,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Kellogg's (Canada)","funders":"Army Research Laboratory; National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences; Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency; Northwestern University","keywords":"Citation; Computer science; Web of science; Range (aeronautics); Information retrieval; Data science; Library science; MEDLINE; Biology; Engineering","score_opus":0.03457540002935245,"score_gpt":0.31657274859956896,"score_spread":0.2819973485702165,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2153924055","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9374816,0.0007785682,0.00006881913,0.017370224,0.01788313,0.00047653206,0.0000014378035,0.000041023508,0.02589866],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99237686,0.00016938226,0.000109513596,0.000082728424,0.000265447,0.000013328011,0.0000011729558,0.0000028367422,0.006978754],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99677426,0.00024926948,0.00039289403,0.00041933492,0.0018012259,0.00036300978],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9967159,0.0012582724,0.00044065507,0.00070508604,0.0007768934,0.00010317285],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.019816512,0.000068579524,0.000087197885,0.000049622093,0.004804756,0.00084601913,0.00084813335,0.0001724833,0.0005359007],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01001578,0.000036438483,0.000062892796,0.0011512744,0.0075063477,0.0011317318,0.000102589445,0.0006532137,0.000121546014],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000103386,0.0000405473,0.048710614,0.0000063344505,0.000019221736,0.000017862887,0.046753943,0.000014905203,0.12695402,0.013607068,0.728322,0.035543103],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000032625598,0.000014237299,0.029127302,0.00017205035,0.000022648854,0.00001859922,0.021857046,0.00047590467,0.018200666,0.13286744,0.79703355,0.00017794892],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.017591288,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002112622,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.11926037,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008999821,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0016695755,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99832326},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2154797916","doi":"10.5539/ies.v7n7p52","title":"Ethical and Unethical Methods of Plagiarism Prevention in Academic Writing","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"book","venue":"International Education Studies","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Plagiarism detection; Cheating; Similarity (geometry); Unconscious mind; Accidental; Psychology; Computer science; Engineering ethics; Mathematics education; Engineering; Social psychology; Artificial intelligence; Image (mathematics); Physics; Psychoanalysis","score_opus":0.1246345453261066,"score_gpt":0.5395094053852052,"score_spread":0.41487486005909857,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2154797916","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.003228348,0.014480655,0.0040028216,0.101230115,0.009150836,0.0006051125,0.000026870603,0.000068818765,0.8672064],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.049537785,0.02872547,0.02729079,0.006010996,0.0052952487,0.00016699327,0.00017160413,0.000052435455,0.88274866],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99702495,0.0010169556,0.00075165136,0.00033402245,0.0006885086,0.0001838871],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9949093,0.0034104413,0.00050116144,0.000090744375,0.0010229313,0.00006540865],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0069208443,0.00017497546,0.00042566212,0.00034394837,0.00015800305,0.000024219005,0.00034918525,0.0036390552,0.00007933732],"category_scores_gemma":[0.011211451,0.00018285662,0.00008451969,0.00009731373,0.0007868219,0.00012249708,0.00014062376,0.0068895053,0.000010127564],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000021941965,0.000040034472,0.00075716025,0.00013688437,0.00017624894,5.0672804e-7,0.02577295,0.0000027169194,0.000029343842,0.8035131,0.087506466,0.08204264],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00012201384,0.000016002026,0.00039625276,0.0011031792,0.00004144923,0.0000027315707,0.0062961318,0.000026888616,0.00002430951,0.33081162,0.6609936,0.00016582439],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00034843877,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00026559568,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5734871,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00035509118,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0015414163,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99765444},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"other","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre":"other","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W2155056246","doi":"10.1093/comjnl/bxs018","title":"A Source Code Similarity System for Plagiarism Detection","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Computer Journal","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":109,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Athabasca University","funders":"","keywords":"Library science; Computer science; Similarity (geometry); Information retrieval; Source code; World Wide Web; Database; Operating system; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.03357069603471791,"score_gpt":0.294971855487683,"score_spread":0.2614011594529651,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2155056246","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.033982027,0.00024091633,0.955578,0.0033162546,0.004116686,0.00021655389,0.000004867695,0.00008440032,0.0024602856],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9860751,0.000026725329,0.0026937253,0.0007274063,0.010023671,0.000005364284,6.528538e-7,0.000009273996,0.00043809702],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99836355,0.0005795202,0.00021034256,0.000079579884,0.00032330406,0.00044371],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99892014,0.00051344186,0.00016369493,0.000095223426,0.00013231653,0.00017515295],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.006118626,0.00008848985,0.00012665901,0.000041605275,0.0020702246,0.00015719015,0.0004102248,0.0004162097,0.000022196517],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011024824,0.0000607667,0.000120123594,0.00009306213,0.00011432683,0.00023210497,0.000044931083,0.0017157001,0.000034686742],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00028860217,0.00018798526,0.0068052514,0.00011990529,0.00040724684,0.0000068161016,0.22426648,0.0010820132,0.0006143552,0.16778512,0.13294676,0.46548948],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005418913,0.000068578425,0.0011286206,0.000075320604,0.00008889884,0.0004494315,0.006299549,0.017294716,0.0006097971,0.005079003,0.9681095,0.0002547132],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00015030714,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006730249,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.95288426,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018369823,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007123258,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99922895},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2155099782","doi":"10.1023/a:1012877008434","title":"Validity Evidence for the Different Item Styles of Overt Honesty Measures","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Business and Psychology","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University; Royal Military College of Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Psychology; Honesty; Construct (python library); Dishonesty; Social psychology; Industrial and organizational psychology; Construct validity; Academic dishonesty; Psychometrics; Cognitive psychology; Cheating; Developmental psychology","score_opus":0.2505994158698308,"score_gpt":0.402127394328431,"score_spread":0.15152797845860017,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2155099782","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.87911355,0.015411324,0.031779386,0.06921277,0.0023477527,0.00025038215,0.000011123054,0.000007927407,0.0018657594],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98024416,0.018193664,0.00010053169,0.0006231303,0.000607559,0.0000018103901,1.02598676e-7,0.0000032838977,0.0002257544],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990003,0.00023690559,0.0002935297,0.000079531754,0.00024848833,0.00014125611],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9971799,0.0019214678,0.00033845953,0.00007953987,0.00043284602,0.000047778776],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001752958,0.00006823644,0.00022168968,0.000048599846,0.00021940876,0.000020805823,0.00025195244,0.00024449956,0.00012199543],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001668439,0.000038601935,0.00007812416,0.00012666584,0.00030186318,0.00015334733,0.000012414185,0.00037251925,8.4875126e-7],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0017695801,0.00088393764,0.31313044,0.00028569894,0.00039864902,0.000027853344,0.038443726,0.000047348312,0.0051494204,0.04795109,0.2673985,0.32451376],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008778768,0.00026077763,0.6796063,0.000275171,0.000158842,0.00009922424,0.0018599475,0.00009971042,0.00012075645,0.008959706,0.3075153,0.0001663726],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00018717108,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00013621588,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.36647588,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000012211851,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000027169554,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.19973978},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2159983530","doi":"10.5455/aim.2012.20.136-140","title":"Cooperation Between Research Institutions and Journals on Research Integrity Cases: Guidance from the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE)","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Acta Informatica Medica","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":37,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Statens Serum Institut; University of California, San Diego; Cross River University of Technology; University of Minnesota; Karolinska Institutet; University of Aberdeen; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; University of Connecticut; Monash University; Cardiff University; University of New South Wales; York University; Sveučilište u Zagrebu; Christian Medical College, Vellore; University of Oxford; Nanyang Technological University","keywords":"Scientific misconduct; Misconduct; Publication; Safeguarding; Officer; Suspect; Research integrity; Research ethics; Publishing; Political science; Public relations; Publish or perish; Psychology; Law; Engineering ethics; Medicine; Engineering; Alternative medicine","score_opus":0.5231173335945136,"score_gpt":0.5377257422074923,"score_spread":0.01460840861297863,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2159983530","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.20286094,0.00038288155,0.0006223368,0.55750537,0.00058600045,0.0010671025,0.00014895442,0.000077583405,0.23674884],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.991623,0.0012584387,0.00026476634,0.0049474286,0.0014813911,0.000052956304,0.00007886937,0.0000061258556,0.00028705655],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99191886,0.0037821284,0.0005629101,0.00014928321,0.002864547,0.0007222507],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9741934,0.023388712,0.00014432006,0.0004390306,0.0013799702,0.00045457672],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["metaresearch"],"category_scores_codex":[0.05951779,0.00011620795,0.0001776571,0.0002255883,0.0049931137,0.00047836956,0.0009013598,0.0010923978,0.00052126247],"category_scores_gemma":[0.102072716,0.000076939345,0.000032167944,0.0008244778,0.002083479,0.001678233,0.00018305075,0.013207229,0.0005288607],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000029021345,0.00007286627,0.005780198,0.000018333703,0.000033896446,8.268459e-7,0.15464391,4.4967732e-7,0.000010330917,0.34969366,0.47340414,0.016312374],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00018152867,0.00009829178,0.012215289,0.00036492993,0.000011716184,0.000002776435,0.024957558,0.000076812634,0.00006515947,0.0034157299,0.9584966,0.00011363396],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0072139143,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010090941,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.78876203,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003212695,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0013281587,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99939716},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["research_integrity","scholarly_communication"],"domain":null,"study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"methods","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"commentary","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W2165266545","doi":"10.5430/jnep.v3n3p27","title":"The impact of a journal club intervention on student perceptions and behaviours regarding academic dishonesty","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Nursing Education and Practice","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Academic dishonesty; Feeling; Academic integrity; Dishonesty; Psychology; Intervention (counseling); Club; Journal club; Cheating; Perception; Medical education; Conversation; Nursing; Medicine; Social psychology","score_opus":0.09243726552090123,"score_gpt":0.5247019383121752,"score_spread":0.4322646727912739,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2165266545","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97351396,0.004757665,0.00028585634,0.014781911,0.0018085884,0.000070152935,9.0011616e-7,0.0000025225006,0.004778424],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9914339,0.0068059796,0.0003547539,0.000081966726,0.0010803102,5.534863e-7,3.7219866e-7,0.0000038736453,0.00023824723],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99818796,0.0009752025,0.0003214002,0.000042701235,0.00032618022,0.00014655507],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9974692,0.0011811053,0.0007940448,0.0000414049,0.00034010515,0.00017415163],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.007331088,0.000058560432,0.00009809398,0.00009723186,0.0010220519,0.00010522782,0.00010935913,0.00016469308,0.000023969933],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0030664713,0.000038383863,0.00008667705,0.000098016244,0.00017833133,0.0012676454,0.000009596709,0.0014937823,8.055816e-7],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00044660884,0.0018397722,0.06416571,0.0000074526,0.00011850315,0.0000011836598,0.42273742,0.0000095167225,0.00023387736,0.0091152415,0.037040222,0.46428448],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00033816815,0.00038757315,0.57572156,0.0008760226,0.0003367182,0.0031917803,0.39467686,0.0000073050555,0.000012830479,0.0018156575,0.022528782,0.0001067648],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00018175115,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006130729,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.51155585,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00027267306,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00027960772,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.78609},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2167242076","doi":"","title":"Honors, Honor Codes, and Academic Integrity: Where Do They Converge and Diverge?","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Lincoln (University of Nebraska)","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Honor; Academic integrity; Pledge; Sociology; Law; Psychology; Political science; Social psychology; Computer science","score_opus":0.02763639106498508,"score_gpt":0.25322822175785825,"score_spread":0.22559183069287317,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2167242076","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9720043,0.0019350246,0.00030703936,0.008962214,0.00022959664,0.00026116843,0.00009113372,0.00007990886,0.016129643],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9731426,0.02023535,0.0010560706,0.00016014319,0.00014778836,2.8240194e-7,0.000007069409,0.0000075387393,0.005243118],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986202,0.00025815598,0.00013842524,0.00032786117,0.00034714284,0.0003082176],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99899423,0.0003505674,0.00015386808,0.0001282388,0.00012465994,0.0002484471],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00074807904,0.00014641415,0.00030934022,0.00012633188,0.0011156972,0.000017154254,0.00040659425,0.0009726662,0.0003067985],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015439863,0.00017042863,0.00006851168,0.00020145065,0.0012112986,0.00049715466,0.00023991863,0.0017001454,0.00003309825],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003662032,0.000106484826,0.5976339,0.00012246601,0.0001726781,0.0001373101,0.181021,0.0000033507463,0.00043127208,0.14057574,0.06248075,0.016948812],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0024271251,0.00027394757,0.16128653,0.00030866652,0.00017898233,0.00006462225,0.102433,0.0003248369,0.0000735814,0.03140434,0.70027024,0.00095411955],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.022590254,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009386067,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6377895,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000072350565,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002575096,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9839184},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2167255727","doi":"10.21913/ijei.v7i1.744","title":"YouTube: An international platform for sharing methods of cheating","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Educational Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Popularity; Upload; Demographics; Psychology; Internet privacy; Multimedia; Computer science; Sociology; World Wide Web; Social psychology","score_opus":0.21693531073456523,"score_gpt":0.5119126823771453,"score_spread":0.29497737164258003,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2167255727","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.33340102,0.00029322875,0.43772545,0.03142665,0.06399766,0.0018636251,0.0010919953,0.0001473414,0.13005301],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5961853,0.00015506118,0.39130235,0.00084669463,0.007448226,0.0001355537,0.0002526921,0.000034800763,0.0036392945],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99771434,0.00012589133,0.0007842062,0.0003096476,0.00072372035,0.0003421769],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9943997,0.0011000367,0.0005707235,0.000141365,0.0035591458,0.00022899776],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0057746535,0.00017332651,0.00023485688,0.0003274945,0.00054158166,0.0001649544,0.0018564108,0.0004461149,0.001617385],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005926284,0.00016768038,0.0003215459,0.00011791983,0.00023236942,0.0020559356,0.000076092656,0.0011423678,0.000007050943],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00040250467,0.00041475028,0.011475267,0.000013011168,0.00032302306,6.6450303e-7,0.02497253,0.000009705337,0.0005183166,0.9279303,0.0026487778,0.03129116],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010377631,0.00019877324,0.008490943,0.00018629637,0.000079891295,0.00008449289,0.018955186,0.0023970965,0.004874895,0.79317874,0.17008583,0.00043006995],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0018474753,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002373326,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2627843,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005103752,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009410573,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9992953},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2169700202","doi":"10.1177/0956797611435980","title":"Do Economic Equality and Generalized Trust Inhibit Academic Dishonesty? Evidence From State-Level Search-Engine Queries","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Psychological Science","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":86,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Honesty; Academic dishonesty; Inequality; Dishonesty; Psychology; Economic inequality; Social psychology; Socioeconomic status; State (computer science); Trustworthiness; Honor; Sociology; Computer science; Internet privacy; Mathematics; Demography","score_opus":0.20325304528725036,"score_gpt":0.4433156761202422,"score_spread":0.24006263083299184,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2169700202","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.986821,0.0013973622,0.0013313815,0.005150449,0.0007663116,0.0002379653,0.00006922173,0.0000974371,0.00412885],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9929977,0.0029056042,0.0021646873,0.00081339653,0.00057387655,0.000015818543,0.000002960184,0.0000060933503,0.0005198404],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99650407,0.00060052826,0.00039050847,0.00069738,0.0007373309,0.0010701711],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99796796,0.00086262467,0.000120412085,0.00027066606,0.000072711475,0.0007056146],"candidate_categories":["sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.010081971,0.00019354273,0.00027281145,0.000079644495,0.0010200617,0.00021571653,0.0010221556,0.0005392399,0.0010869263],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0020148437,0.00014946506,0.000055374654,0.00047546506,0.0042213476,0.002078978,0.00027102226,0.001504487,0.00026418915],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00023109112,0.00016972415,0.71127653,0.000015161448,0.000018175035,0.0000066509933,0.06904012,0.000039804523,0.0163209,0.11296933,0.0033554193,0.086557105],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00050699286,0.00011348126,0.9284389,0.000117296775,0.000020569083,0.00001252086,0.0049197017,0.00026183197,0.0028015154,0.040435784,0.02154026,0.00083114265],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007037045,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00023556793,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.21716239,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023189718,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015467263,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998262},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2177391838","doi":"10.55016/ojs/ajer.v59i3.55730","title":"University Students’ and Instructors’ Paraphrasing and Citation Knowledge and Practices","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Alberta Journal of Educational Research","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Citation; Psychology; Mathematics education; Higher education; Educational research; Pedagogy; Citation analysis; Knowledge level; Library science; Computer science; Political science","score_opus":0.11817023979814917,"score_gpt":0.4766844912654853,"score_spread":0.3585142514673361,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2177391838","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95618004,0.0005957569,0.0000040565897,0.013985225,0.00010862232,0.000048489175,3.9416258e-7,2.375461e-7,0.029077193],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9932608,0.001825199,0.00022230737,0.000027534034,0.00032316707,1.9063258e-7,6.478802e-7,0.000002122599,0.0043380335],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984672,0.000811323,0.00010996192,0.000089572255,0.0003908988,0.00013103796],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9801738,0.019046882,0.0001687521,0.00003029869,0.000417274,0.00016297154],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0036664987,0.000038007234,0.00007400657,0.00020161648,0.00060802023,0.00010900284,0.00014524838,0.000116957635,0.00019227542],"category_scores_gemma":[0.017914994,0.00003560362,0.000010958733,0.00019299572,0.0004204723,0.0005508301,0.00004692382,0.0006126113,0.000005505903],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000054355252,0.000057292254,0.7616283,0.000019439361,0.000030239547,1.9231717e-7,0.038268812,1.6744708e-7,0.00009211308,0.19308737,0.002472341,0.0042893733],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004191815,0.0001226352,0.70357317,0.000112024245,0.00002961512,0.000032769716,0.038396474,0.00003256473,0.000013771132,0.0151696205,0.2420016,0.00009659973],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0030385407,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0036561738,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.23952925,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000560282,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00041505735,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9903575},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2185708658","doi":"10.1002/j.0022-0337.2007.71.8.tb04369.x","title":"Faculty and Student Perceptions of Academic Integrity at U.S. and Canadian Dental Schools","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Dental Education","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":58,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Academic integrity; Medical education; Dental education; Psychology; Academic dishonesty; Perception; Higher education; Medicine; Political science; Social psychology","score_opus":0.024584976285897467,"score_gpt":0.3890338217338619,"score_spread":0.36444884544796446,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2185708658","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99451387,0.0005683319,0.00002214396,0.0015296878,0.0006596482,0.00009804675,0.000016350268,0.0000024525175,0.0025894607],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976428,0.00069557043,0.000323048,0.00020679929,0.00037722205,6.0052287e-7,0.0000064369015,0.0000032625182,0.0007442608],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99900186,0.00008024967,0.0003263918,0.000077550256,0.0003482551,0.00016572101],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999125,0.000063528714,0.0002312436,0.000033032236,0.00016945602,0.00037775032],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0016798489,0.00006399999,0.00012134494,0.0001934467,0.00029817747,0.000028901655,0.00014402831,0.00033506483,0.00016932172],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00029894037,0.000058803867,0.000041647207,0.00011958812,0.00017350305,0.00035873565,0.000025982907,0.0013913478,0.000009970304],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000017109847,0.000045640063,0.9607303,0.0000064093324,0.000015742331,0.000001646431,0.023406548,1.8590808e-7,0.0011246547,0.0015195839,0.005587675,0.007544471],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00013989756,0.000036008412,0.7916848,0.000068035915,0.00002965251,0.00012848491,0.19966184,9.076183e-7,0.00021592135,0.00039968203,0.007571876,0.000062893574],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.07098524,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.18580712,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.17625529,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00066888705,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008511749,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.93520117},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2187247433","doi":"10.1002/j.0022-0337.2011.75.10.tb05185.x","title":"Penalties for Academic Dishonesty in a Greek Dental School Environment","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Dental Education","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Psychology; Wilcoxon signed-rank test; Academic dishonesty; Test (biology); Cheating; Medical education; Rank (graph theory); Significant difference; Social psychology; Medicine; Pedagogy; Mathematics","score_opus":0.0353695298267682,"score_gpt":0.32868106957177284,"score_spread":0.2933115397450046,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2187247433","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9931304,0.00065815146,0.00016870737,0.00058296986,0.0014099724,0.00020918036,0.0000036544498,0.000003735588,0.0038332134],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99550396,0.0006553092,0.0011309952,0.00023658754,0.0007414157,0.000011870925,0.0000025932688,0.000005790093,0.0017114722],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.998976,0.000106342406,0.00035597806,0.00008047511,0.00031221946,0.00016897962],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99940455,0.000072201394,0.0002956195,0.000041432955,0.000045888664,0.00014029536],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011357608,0.00006741187,0.000116794945,0.00013708071,0.00012922712,0.000018171646,0.0002456925,0.00026003315,0.000614852],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00033619886,0.00006228318,0.0000820592,0.000078474346,0.00010356485,0.0005845679,0.0000162567,0.0008136132,0.000062573075],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00047556998,0.0009952583,0.779621,0.000047351714,0.00005241428,0.00002637489,0.1547671,0.000005966538,0.0013552997,0.0073525454,0.023411468,0.031889636],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015078041,0.0003999531,0.33190098,0.00043136047,0.00012638948,0.00072369934,0.54744124,0.000027685543,0.0022930847,0.032206308,0.08245003,0.00049144035],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011783328,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00039713044,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.44772002,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00041819218,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00053674285,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.67321986},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2192395616","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2655615","title":"The Impact of Technology on Academic Dishonesty: Perspectives from Accounting Faculty","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"","keywords":"Academic dishonesty; Accounting; Political science; Dishonesty; Psychology; Business; Medical education; Medicine; Cheating; Law; Social psychology","score_opus":0.024683054075007194,"score_gpt":0.35646253227346,"score_spread":0.33177947819845277,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2192395616","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98046625,0.005298187,0.00022167091,0.008974848,0.00018902247,0.000095589945,0.000009955149,0.00003916515,0.0047053164],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99276614,0.0057999585,0.000018640589,0.000021817777,0.00075241196,0.0000020302207,0.0000017684623,0.000009381444,0.0006278743],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99731576,0.00022171222,0.00024979466,0.00015274978,0.0005003109,0.001559696],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998959,0.00026560773,0.0002953048,0.0001117679,0.00027339757,0.00009489235],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0051673553,0.00012168225,0.00017468922,0.00010606143,0.00075375667,0.000049460406,0.00074771774,0.0006425757,0.000017878334],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0022425908,0.00007515617,0.00014333676,0.00036026377,0.00041864847,0.00024887998,0.000041849224,0.009123831,0.0000320861],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017849857,0.000055364922,0.04614278,5.7389104e-7,0.0003507811,0.0000023938608,0.041663215,0.00006432394,0.00035468614,0.85826343,0.0025711327,0.05035279],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002796134,0.0001996736,0.00158215,0.000022323067,0.000018798155,0.000025370715,0.25546342,0.00002570558,0.0000777048,0.7364724,0.00572144,0.00011135351],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005405096,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002089716,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.21380022,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0019227418,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0048808097,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99316216},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2202041708","doi":"10.1016/j.ajog.2015.09.004","title":"Self-plagiarism: a misnomer","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Misnomer; Scientific misconduct; Misconduct; Context (archaeology); Medicine; Engineering ethics; Law; Alternative medicine; Political science","score_opus":0.021200208843817746,"score_gpt":0.29022656691363424,"score_spread":0.2690263580698165,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2202041708","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9379443,0.004026361,0.0008062429,0.010854418,0.0043133413,0.000121373036,0.000004349876,0.000030206365,0.041899443],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9904604,0.0020824089,0.0056268563,0.0011892192,0.0002367068,7.562435e-7,3.8420862e-7,0.0000068981008,0.00039636382],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99854416,0.0004061831,0.0003215689,0.00010176806,0.00033758013,0.00028876256],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99408895,0.004509251,0.00045375392,0.00006505977,0.00048190352,0.00040110364],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0022030277,0.00008495735,0.00031566407,0.00022889201,0.00015160849,0.000035204095,0.00025348543,0.0002828541,0.000059901347],"category_scores_gemma":[0.014206326,0.00007290424,0.0000580093,0.00056661404,0.0005202068,0.00015925945,0.000034873963,0.0010646998,0.000017603183],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006950504,0.00033035467,0.09794985,0.000013305429,0.00030781433,0.0005225293,0.08982935,0.00001868406,0.000020643472,0.059993703,0.035682604,0.71526164],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00047096758,0.00070309517,0.001259566,0.00000442238,0.00004467694,0.00006318295,0.025057044,0.000033023298,0.0000060890325,0.0034693242,0.96877193,0.0001166603],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00032886415,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003261345,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9330893,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017363175,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00061002513,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9940974},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W220455632","doi":"","title":"A War of Words: Software Programs Developed to Combat the Scourge of Student Plagiarism Have Found Opposition from the Very Circle of Educators They're Meant to Help","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"T.H.E. Journal Technological Horizons in Education","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Opposition (politics); Encyclopedia; Class (philosophy); Mathematics education; Sociology; Media studies; Computer science; Law; Psychology; Library science; Political science; Artificial intelligence; Politics","score_opus":0.03791374135467607,"score_gpt":0.3556434345414609,"score_spread":0.31772969318678485,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W220455632","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98018926,0.0005808019,0.004621586,0.012456446,0.0007388796,0.00089778006,0.000011671474,0.00003554777,0.0004680083],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9940214,0.00034986227,0.005030899,0.00024946278,0.00025599985,0.000042427557,0.00000639335,0.000009819159,0.000033727803],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9972927,0.00040224398,0.00082353805,0.00022896673,0.00085303246,0.0003995193],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99755365,0.0010753232,0.0004881304,0.0003005965,0.00044265474,0.00013964712],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0058333273,0.00015759165,0.00033504586,0.00026363018,0.00042366018,0.000040579012,0.001244145,0.00073623104,0.000047189962],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0025051527,0.00010084504,0.00011284475,0.00097012887,0.0005414282,0.00014561295,0.00015877701,0.0018629069,0.0000065098557],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00020002146,0.0018389871,0.10366419,0.000018302035,0.00009459556,0.000004500484,0.11666794,0.00002647664,0.0015130024,0.018157354,0.0020223372,0.7557923],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00032108935,0.0006983974,0.17849855,0.0011494084,0.000088908215,0.000020947336,0.73885345,0.0000025807497,0.0061282855,0.06365725,0.01024594,0.0003351796],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0024689285,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0028738445,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7554571,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004033945,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008572866,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.80935067},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"commentary","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"medium"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"commentary","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"}],"label_agreement":"agree"},{"id":"W2238286065","doi":"10.47678/cjhe.v45i4.184771","title":"Special Consideration in Post-Secondary Institutions: Trends at a Canadian University","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Higher Education","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University; Baycrest Hospital; University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Aside; Point (geometry); Population; Psychology; Work (physics); Higher education; Special populations; Actuarial science; Demographic economics; Medical education; Demography; Sociology; Political science; Medicine; Law; Economics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.0438141151157772,"score_gpt":0.30124166471347746,"score_spread":0.25742754959770026,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2238286065","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.31083456,0.0009954581,0.0000029113137,0.054547228,0.0091924295,0.00008900364,0.000049820832,0.00000439154,0.6242842],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96046394,0.000018865772,0.0001028595,0.0016705729,0.0032952353,3.0830097e-7,0.000025441772,0.0000033329502,0.034419417],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991922,0.00019213362,0.00016755296,0.000073141804,0.00014187102,0.00023310565],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99830043,0.00003179586,0.00010336109,0.000050917628,0.0004237075,0.0010897798],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00061753165,0.000056170513,0.000089632595,0.0007999136,0.00040903367,0.00004922015,0.00015691605,0.00027068792,0.0030765703],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00023456535,0.00006557163,0.000033394816,0.0003601525,0.00017156957,0.00051866967,0.0000029427908,0.0005232684,0.00004599815],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":true,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016599844,0.000014025748,0.02387892,0.0000015722696,0.000010574257,0.000097685275,0.028620504,0.000019372561,0.000002721367,0.090909325,0.84929633,0.0071323873],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00017152715,0.000017787446,0.0501114,0.000016725086,0.000009052842,0.000028553679,0.0072903484,4.2134195e-7,0.0000017590284,0.0012463576,0.9410363,0.00006980168],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.8838524,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9972386,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6496294,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.004408484,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.07451337,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99941343},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2248931770","doi":"10.7202/1029487ar","title":"Travailler ensemble pour mieux (in)former : le partenariat bibliothécaire-professeur dans la promotion de l’intégrité intellectuelle","year":2015,"lang":"fr","type":"article","venue":"Documentation et bibliothèques","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Humanities; Art; Grit; Political science; Sociology; Psychology","score_opus":0.04857520842894547,"score_gpt":0.3462798952853438,"score_spread":0.29770468685639834,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2248931770","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5017244,0.014059785,0.039271276,0.11627909,0.0029907878,0.0015298994,0.000071901966,0.00037655092,0.32369632],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.88455975,0.02923645,0.0022765696,0.0014081597,0.0005702537,0.000101853024,0.00005630447,0.000059558228,0.08173109],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9942533,0.0026386806,0.00076195924,0.00056868076,0.00086763006,0.00090975844],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9974999,0.0011124003,0.0003252943,0.00023572386,0.00040327053,0.0004234168],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","scholarly_communication","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0064143403,0.0003919324,0.00041687218,0.0037118914,0.00038234273,0.001701668,0.0004990036,0.0012623497,0.003673441],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0012468816,0.00041542252,0.00016386069,0.009268844,0.0006014999,0.009307894,0.00009183839,0.0016500117,0.000646709],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014209274,0.0015576181,0.02891937,0.00019491235,0.00011325106,0.00007216499,0.24130933,0.0003457915,0.0029789826,0.21289733,0.5006921,0.010776994],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00398218,0.0005978197,0.010569046,0.00096490077,0.00015593879,0.00010666101,0.117228284,0.005180268,0.016363956,0.15364696,0.68981916,0.0013848161],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.019469276,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00783429,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.38283536,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00069259614,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002011614,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99982977},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2249635392","doi":"","title":"The Business of Online Plagiarism in Post-Secondary Education","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"EdMedia: World Conference on Educational Media and Technology","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"","keywords":"Internet privacy; Public relations; Business; Computer science; Political science","score_opus":0.016751745674792762,"score_gpt":0.28552963885706417,"score_spread":0.2687778931822714,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2249635392","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.16823675,0.00093086594,0.000004369634,0.8176805,0.0018143342,0.00030753945,0.0000148717245,0.000025100519,0.010985675],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99434185,0.0015723677,0.00031609728,0.00061860494,0.0004978636,0.00014521627,0.00006855134,0.000006292142,0.0024331454],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99884903,0.000110751156,0.0002901575,0.00021488608,0.000265301,0.00026984065],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9976452,0.0011895357,0.00014384455,0.00017113201,0.00076362496,0.000086676744],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00044382605,0.000113334085,0.00016291798,0.00048749696,0.0002414824,0.000034239976,0.00042510568,0.0005111955,0.0007754613],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0027141504,0.00009060254,0.000016532776,0.0008666068,0.0011275639,0.00013319298,0.00004688552,0.0012802437,0.000044989596],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000069397097,0.00016992545,0.0073055555,0.0000082614915,0.0000070465157,1.9822801e-7,0.002687272,7.4369275e-8,0.00021242774,0.92206514,0.0062924167,0.061244763],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000118829135,0.000018997345,0.14074731,0.00007108986,0.000004871498,0.000002075055,0.003909887,0.000008782685,0.00009254913,0.84809816,0.0068219863,0.000105450636],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002658382,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.017215159,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8261051,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000055294287,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0039271633,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9606463},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"design_other","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W2266484090","doi":"10.4000/questionsdecommunication.9818","title":"Penser le plagiat à la lumière du cadre normatif du régime contemporain des savoirs scientifiques","year":2015,"lang":"fr","type":"article","venue":"Questions de communication","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Humanities; Philosophy; Political science","score_opus":0.04903521828715269,"score_gpt":0.30594330961122934,"score_spread":0.25690809132407666,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2266484090","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.22435437,0.035295907,0.02019688,0.25049224,0.0014089264,0.00087079377,0.00018499307,0.0004944988,0.4667014],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9655028,0.0076291678,0.009485746,0.00062985683,0.00029385692,0.00005327352,0.00017652991,0.000024510813,0.016204277],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99315155,0.0052303923,0.00049483014,0.0002522891,0.00042389805,0.0004470283],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9965393,0.0011372712,0.00030401157,0.0007172691,0.0009496196,0.00035255647],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.009231791,0.00022034641,0.00025233754,0.000139882,0.0020410763,0.00034465172,0.0012004352,0.0010987517,0.00015351464],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003604899,0.00025197392,0.000110448935,0.00063785573,0.003845076,0.0015108133,0.00027350197,0.0017859028,0.00046563533],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000019679017,0.00026186844,0.007612597,0.000043425072,0.00004153244,0.0000054460725,0.1288348,0.00019913088,0.000052110314,0.72727287,0.12710758,0.00854895],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00040898265,0.000040469764,0.0022679341,0.00062692753,0.00007216848,0.00007527505,0.027786845,0.0068929396,0.00014334361,0.10337895,0.857947,0.00035917546],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.07267376,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.014563599,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7411484,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00081105606,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0012939849,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99999326},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2268329921","doi":"10.15388/infedu.2014.10","title":"Collaboration, Collusion and Plagiarism in Computer Science Coursework","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Informatics in Education","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":97,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"University of Waterloo","keywords":"Coursework; Collusion; Context (archaeology); Academic dishonesty; Computer science; Mathematics education; Engineering ethics; Cheating; Psychology; Engineering","score_opus":0.006463584133639145,"score_gpt":0.3096939182671761,"score_spread":0.303230334133537,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2268329921","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95788616,0.000044256565,0.0101565495,0.003995527,0.001496637,0.0003289032,0.0000012072315,0.000019890478,0.026070865],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9868416,0.00011456201,0.011688217,0.0010277166,0.00021740577,0.000011018226,0.000005725572,0.0000022772128,0.00009147491],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990182,0.00009559467,0.00029450565,0.00007663834,0.00032961176,0.00018547602],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99937135,0.00016738608,0.000107124935,0.00009221601,0.00019515911,0.000066784494],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0038811744,0.000056461813,0.00008070939,0.00027788398,0.00031113529,0.00015674575,0.00018406947,0.00028519644,0.000010968114],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008043383,0.000059248745,0.000005532207,0.00089574937,0.00034001088,0.00074143516,0.000036897116,0.00045760523,0.000015756119],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009975129,0.000115079434,0.061618816,0.00003722968,0.00000126773,1.0456311e-7,0.44205904,0.00092159427,0.000015694091,0.31266797,0.007334311,0.17521894],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011554589,0.0001279753,0.16013981,0.0007640398,0.00001131838,0.0000069756748,0.2092646,0.15382335,0.00018216948,0.13766639,0.3360752,0.000782709],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007870718,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0019200911,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.32874086,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024039333,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0012798525,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.24160936},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"commentary","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"}],"label_agreement":"agree"},{"id":"W2272209815","doi":"10.1186/s12916-016-0561-2","title":"A scoping review of competencies for scientific editors of biomedical journals","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"BMC Medicine","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":45,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; University of Ottawa; Ottawa Hospital","funders":"","keywords":"CINAHL; PsycINFO; MEDLINE; Publishing; Medicine; Cochrane Library; Grey literature; Medical education; Core competency; Systematic review; Scientific literature; Alternative medicine; Psychological intervention; Nursing; Political science","score_opus":0.20008531600799637,"score_gpt":0.4793850934411732,"score_spread":0.2792997774331768,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2272209815","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[1.1857078e-7,0.98610854,0.0017637127,0.0012712503,0.0075552664,0.0017398607,0.00010488404,0.000014761017,0.0014416067],"genre_scores_gemma":[1.9581351e-7,0.98775333,0.00071744615,0.00008450212,0.010545063,0.00005524271,0.000043740216,0.000014085898,0.0007863689],"study_design_codex":"systematic_review","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9952261,0.0007471063,0.0018466538,0.00032053425,0.0014886317,0.000371002],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9919496,0.0050332714,0.0017774038,0.00029789444,0.00071694737,0.000224871],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.017692018,0.0002291253,0.0027448398,0.00039178706,0.0002646566,0.000009811481,0.0008794064,0.00084571564,0.001420876],"category_scores_gemma":[0.024360346,0.00012706242,0.0005070546,0.00077216927,0.0031343375,0.00008852612,0.00006484337,0.00063269545,0.000015991976],"study_design_candidate":"systematic_review","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002450877,0.000017981562,0.0000017285151,0.54555357,0.00004613915,6.5302333e-7,0.00067747216,1.1732005e-9,0.0000022831202,0.0022700338,0.15919827,0.2922294],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007579835,0.000033468325,6.216187e-8,0.4903308,0.00023221265,0.0000022933878,0.00012322699,9.245736e-8,5.07392e-7,0.00016699276,0.5089702,0.00006435234],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000101071935,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004390094,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.34977195,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000085931475,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0040469673,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99957854},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2273774827","doi":"10.11575/prism/24891","title":"An Exploration of Faculty Attitudes Toward Student Academic Dishonesty in Selected Canadian Universities","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"PRISM (University of Calgary)","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Academic dishonesty; Pedagogy; Academic integrity; Medical education; Dishonesty; Psychology; Cheating; Political science; Mathematics education; Engineering ethics; Engineering; Medicine; Social psychology","score_opus":0.031730927770727856,"score_gpt":0.305028180829876,"score_spread":0.27329725305914815,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2273774827","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9734346,0.000106999025,0.002001026,0.0004495587,0.00025047208,0.00036051878,0.000011747089,0.000039473132,0.023345564],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99114424,0.00070052175,0.0007800476,0.000021867583,0.000036580543,5.14424e-7,0.0012181174,0.000011842766,0.0060862484],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982162,0.00038398386,0.00021984606,0.00029053638,0.0005715619,0.00031784206],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998862,0.00007840361,0.00033797658,0.00013680672,0.00035665097,0.00022810613],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006885813,0.00017508202,0.0004081037,0.00053062715,0.00032856467,0.000012430077,0.0007830145,0.0016562522,0.00017643209],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006547617,0.0002354299,0.000087523105,0.0004369697,0.00022902423,0.001065089,0.000024654903,0.0014260288,0.00001049142],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00029151846,0.00016487062,0.050332543,0.0003568,0.0001643665,0.000045392586,0.88878495,0.000016772205,0.00029179602,0.029834155,0.0021323345,0.027584502],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010061185,0.00019857267,0.54663867,0.00062313455,0.00026417547,4.6561033e-7,0.4219858,0.00078675983,0.00026506555,0.0019102533,0.025445603,0.0008753732],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.6988921,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.6639138,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.49630615,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006086735,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0020925542,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996398},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2282511349","doi":"10.5539/ies.v9n3p197","title":"The Undesirable Behaviors of Students in Academic Classrooms, and the Discipline Strategies Used by Faculty Members to Control Such Behaviors from the Perspective of the College of Education Students in King Saud University","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Education Studies","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Discipline; Psychology; Notice; Perspective (graphical); Class (philosophy); Mathematics education; Sample (material); Control (management); Embarrassment; Medical education; Pedagogy; Sociology; Social psychology; Medicine; Management","score_opus":0.03966707690352694,"score_gpt":0.42308075446117177,"score_spread":0.3834136775576448,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2282511349","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9712316,0.00057966955,0.000020324105,0.026139962,0.00076426653,0.00057811727,0.00026971582,0.0000032382789,0.00041313242],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99780613,0.00073466514,0.000010121231,0.0000860653,0.000046042176,0.000025330826,0.0000038017706,0.0000036293095,0.0012842389],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.99811447,0.0005006106,0.00034850344,0.00016713516,0.00074724713,0.00012204685],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99739724,0.0014862542,0.00035966307,0.00011846462,0.0006147314,0.00002367125],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0014369794,0.000094519535,0.00018740824,0.000068448564,0.00031738015,0.000022065396,0.0009813725,0.0001175095,0.000012902171],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010728565,0.00004546128,0.000050401217,0.0002949775,0.0009670013,0.00023427152,0.00017619964,0.00034920606,4.3635407e-7],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017061713,0.00023766825,0.79802084,0.000002657917,0.00012461266,5.471287e-8,0.14251354,0.000016908918,0.000507946,0.056733873,0.0012887042,0.00038257657],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007111724,0.000010865649,0.35037097,0.00016775403,0.00004892665,1.1171599e-7,0.6417696,0.000002254171,0.00013135828,0.0058466783,0.00088954164,0.000050765917],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.033022463,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.021278286,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.49925604,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00047167018,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005406064,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99658084},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2286200027","doi":"","title":"The Misuse of Prescription Drugs by Post-Secondary Students in British Columbia","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Medical prescription; Medicine; Psychology; Nursing","score_opus":0.0107567795686197,"score_gpt":0.2756116301779062,"score_spread":0.2648548506092865,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2286200027","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9606653,0.00048609503,0.0000040732543,0.00075518904,0.00017701065,0.00018548786,0.00002343052,0.000018815725,0.037684638],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.94453543,0.0017431047,0.000025969717,0.0005343237,0.000043828983,0.0000062163163,0.000006340056,0.0000032507096,0.053101502],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99884784,0.00021831754,0.00019721752,0.00010615781,0.000438807,0.00019167556],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995701,0.00017176925,0.000054949098,0.00006873833,0.0000893823,0.000045059536],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001084151,0.00003228858,0.00008499289,0.000010165273,0.0005048515,0.00010427645,0.0003824458,0.00025539057,0.00057186245],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002559681,0.000040150764,0.00003340195,0.000114142,0.0003374159,0.00019372364,0.00003744156,0.00049518567,0.000013669983],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012389815,0.00012553364,0.3547016,0.000006789351,0.000014390176,0.0000062258373,0.032707684,1.6451528e-7,0.00023335013,0.00044548325,0.6010677,0.01067867],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006961027,0.00005647487,0.43079233,0.000048169502,0.0000069115586,0.000006972796,0.04697554,0.000009208662,0.00012832724,0.0019917425,0.5190992,0.00018900906],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.6586144,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.5702063,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08840813,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004577538,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014523874,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6261493},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2288244535","doi":"10.5539/ies.v9n2p81","title":"English Learning Achievement and EFL Learners’ Cheating Attitudes and Cheating Behaviors","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Education Studies","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Psychology; Academic dishonesty; Mathematics education; Academic achievement; Language proficiency; English as a foreign language; Social psychology","score_opus":0.045472374564198365,"score_gpt":0.399478912853852,"score_spread":0.35400653828965367,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2288244535","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9730304,0.0011915499,0.00010006948,0.01145532,0.0015124822,0.000090576286,0.0000023223488,0.00005450345,0.012562781],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9903588,0.0024337242,0.00078812,0.00024201488,0.0006934448,0.00003289774,0.0000027629521,0.000005701546,0.005442522],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.99908906,0.00010731843,0.00017822062,0.00019736013,0.00028280704,0.00014525068],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99881077,0.0004877128,0.000104143255,0.00003582914,0.0005057504,0.000055816454],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000794041,0.000084946405,0.00010241896,0.00007440978,0.00056995504,0.00006783938,0.00009605519,0.00010327787,0.00005436779],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004439634,0.000066510525,0.00001978374,0.000057763427,0.00027559366,0.0003161069,0.00008333603,0.00027502282,0.0000057973243],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007228886,0.000051122912,0.7405306,0.000014626029,0.000090743255,3.0539627e-7,0.107241035,0.0000014698502,0.0010172632,0.026238482,0.00077628926,0.12403081],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006479734,0.00008708192,0.22265297,0.00093363004,0.000067820016,0.0000050471017,0.4977348,0.00001740808,0.00090843946,0.004004651,0.2724163,0.0005238522],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00066392875,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00014428873,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.51787764,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012039534,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000098224016,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5314977},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2296000433","doi":"10.5539/elt.v9n4p106","title":"A Comparison of the Act and Frequency of Plagiarism between Technical and Non-Technical Programme Undergraduates","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"English Language Teaching","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Psychology; Medical education; Significant difference; Higher education; Political science; Medicine","score_opus":0.021285830985265364,"score_gpt":0.330632088724398,"score_spread":0.3093462577391326,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2296000433","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98770493,0.00038745036,0.0008620343,0.0016528437,0.000083510735,0.000255852,0.000015439335,0.000080618,0.0089573385],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997472,0.000019879604,0.0021557682,0.000023475806,0.00023090641,0.0000054337916,0.0000018420517,0.000009435606,0.000081287595],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99840593,0.00043361672,0.00033301808,0.00020013763,0.0003483246,0.00027895413],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998156,0.0013243057,0.00020249428,0.00018310086,0.000041093095,0.0000929924],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0025640507,0.00011538038,0.00030474114,0.000051283507,0.00025807906,0.000026089092,0.00035367257,0.0006223743,0.000013113469],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0048329444,0.00006818759,0.00006365521,0.00011083106,0.00073598215,0.00017853365,0.00015181923,0.0015207285,4.982824e-7],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008014452,0.00007534896,0.7105766,0.000041427233,0.00003211106,0.0000018182709,0.1789202,9.927523e-8,0.016306294,0.03349228,0.0003501244,0.060195707],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00442823,0.0008740008,0.49064177,0.0038208086,0.00073055533,0.000030545736,0.37473714,0.000056070625,0.048121136,0.06278455,0.011647372,0.0021278262],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0029703707,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001192598,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.21993482,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004789521,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007571443,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6606893},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"methods","study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W2302500441","doi":"","title":"China’s Lax Law Harbors Academic Misconduct","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"La Cité Collégiale","funders":"","keywords":"Misconduct; China; Corporate governance; Law; Politics; Political science; Work (physics); Academic integrity; Criminology; Sociology; Management; Engineering ethics; Engineering; Economics","score_opus":0.01183053135158502,"score_gpt":0.2981991072424403,"score_spread":0.2863685758908553,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2302500441","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.78950137,0.0016434835,0.00044658632,0.03493145,0.0024921522,0.0001937219,0.0000050085,0.000121333884,0.17066489],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.981671,0.0044665504,0.000095881405,0.0007811501,0.002732389,0.0000028382099,0.0000020010577,0.000018429884,0.010229791],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9958252,0.00027677696,0.00030092103,0.00021130498,0.0005575811,0.00282825],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99927545,0.00008192866,0.00017902635,0.00013671059,0.000089561545,0.00023732812],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.008011968,0.00015879724,0.00018294746,0.00008200592,0.0012958025,0.00009052801,0.0008417151,0.0010894118,0.00058699615],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005422767,0.00014009542,0.00013778335,0.00020165835,0.00043956307,0.00055328576,0.00003455953,0.030581735,0.00020107525],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010258243,0.000012298138,0.00038199854,0.0000010790976,0.000034958484,0.0000025882237,0.0028061764,8.9009035e-7,0.0015134227,0.9889544,0.0009900167,0.0052919155],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000251634,0.000050604394,0.00038845744,0.000012063805,0.000025625883,0.00016673618,0.004819764,0.0000090874955,0.00032685624,0.73736215,0.25636822,0.00021880511],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008144571,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.035693217,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.25537822,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00045454272,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0042731194,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9984603},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2316012485","doi":"10.1097/bpb.0b013e32834410e9","title":"Skeptical thinking series","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics B","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"British Columbia Children's Hospital","funders":"","keywords":"Skepticism; Honesty; Falsifiability; Medicine; Epistemology; Series (stratigraphy); Logical reasoning; Component (thermodynamics); Psychology; Social psychology; Philosophy","score_opus":0.03660260032883447,"score_gpt":0.28392087625868334,"score_spread":0.24731827592984887,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2316012485","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.59300154,0.0032838024,0.010260256,0.006930038,0.008561701,0.000214651,0.000009078574,0.0001111895,0.37762773],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9607143,0.0067412625,0.015428076,0.0006010835,0.014697619,7.460982e-7,5.5727264e-7,0.000015964182,0.0018004349],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981051,0.00021701423,0.0004662175,0.00008220892,0.000842121,0.0002872999],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99874973,0.00020327957,0.00039786505,0.00007051445,0.00034296833,0.00023565868],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00393137,0.000088056186,0.00018870154,0.00017354697,0.00034247455,0.00003625571,0.00040937113,0.0004531415,0.0008538736],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0015363897,0.000072938135,0.00018220305,0.00032974064,0.00017297134,0.0005778757,0.00003960932,0.0015750129,0.00004479114],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016555937,0.00019452286,0.44032216,0.00003216389,0.0000823202,0.0004939351,0.11197654,0.0000021050942,0.000007831005,0.38436586,0.05405088,0.0083061],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013762275,0.000992642,0.0422233,0.00006848779,0.00095909316,0.00049306755,0.04313274,0.000014198173,0.000101417994,0.30443352,0.6053164,0.000888888],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000116177245,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007070768,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.55126554,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005255396,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005419807,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9349317},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2333077217","doi":"10.1111/j.1911-3838.2011.00017.x","title":"A Case of Academic Misconduct: Does Self‐Interest Rule?*","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Accounting Perspectives","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Misconduct; Rationalization (economics); Academic integrity; Context (archaeology); Scientific misconduct; Public relations; Psychology; Accounting; Political science; Social psychology; Business; Law; Medicine","score_opus":0.05995498405032347,"score_gpt":0.32752630628709145,"score_spread":0.267571322236768,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2333077217","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.89363676,0.00041298234,0.000026771488,0.00062083907,0.00033546044,0.0001444239,0.000013363432,0.00013739897,0.104672015],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969779,0.00025832167,0.0012901102,0.00009818046,0.00052197935,0.000006527551,7.436678e-7,0.000014013825,0.00083219167],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.99862945,0.00018854208,0.000280321,0.00031093063,0.00021243967,0.00037831572],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989778,0.00026791703,0.0002285448,0.00016640594,0.000276878,0.0000824455],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0015099202,0.00014321596,0.00021185566,0.00013211777,0.0004481578,0.00002925,0.0004248624,0.0005908619,0.0010416575],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0011511914,0.00011490498,0.00010318563,0.0002535661,0.00056308956,0.0006167333,0.000077007346,0.0013464576,0.00005415026],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000021109261,0.000085573105,0.019018646,0.000022894223,0.00007249245,0.0001287279,0.72091156,8.417753e-8,0.0009792508,0.25705224,0.0006505707,0.001056818],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00028215593,0.000039089435,0.0037825971,0.00011348522,0.00009053459,0.00021511334,0.9416439,0.00001665044,0.005473787,0.03784777,0.010076959,0.00041798194],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.019491566,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018366954,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2207323,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011088868,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00017681174,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99987155},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2342525931","doi":"10.47678/cjhe.v46i1.185166","title":"Early Contributions to the Evolution of the Canadian Scientific Integrity System: Institutional and Governmental Interaction in the Policy Diffusion Process","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Higher Education","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal; Carleton University; University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Research integrity; Misconduct; Scientific misconduct; Government (linguistics); Consistency (knowledge bases); Process (computing); Political science; Rigour; Public administration; Public relations; Business; Law","score_opus":0.012880303823831185,"score_gpt":0.31048412350728966,"score_spread":0.29760381968345845,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2342525931","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8894878,0.0002557831,0.000045651042,0.103394136,0.0026023148,0.00026222324,0.00009317182,0.0000013922248,0.0038575276],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99811006,0.0000033563488,0.000004839875,0.00037661497,0.00059654954,0.000007844949,0.0000013854666,0.0000020485902,0.00089732494],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987913,0.00034333745,0.00022555406,0.000081490216,0.00035565248,0.00020268325],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989491,0.000100987876,0.00017675335,0.00009653416,0.00042997344,0.0002466696],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0016872869,0.000056009256,0.00006905969,0.00023905581,0.0014047629,0.00012718009,0.00039336018,0.00014616718,0.000034791952],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000766393,0.000027230155,0.000036078756,0.00056625425,0.00044372992,0.00033877927,0.000007105484,0.00050230755,0.0000055062646],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":true,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016100395,0.000033631557,0.15283333,0.000012792708,0.000012802391,0.0000012688639,0.03594959,0.000008712995,0.00024636064,0.7912294,0.017591855,0.002064154],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00016091518,0.000025864567,0.71797746,0.00045636116,0.000021907546,0.00004337192,0.033475418,0.0000046203004,0.000045005985,0.00514516,0.24256766,0.00007627258],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.8829782,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.96398056,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.78608423,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.007940801,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.017926069,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998953},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2360740284","doi":"","title":"Analysis of PhD Graduates' Attitude towards Scientific Misconduct and Its Causes","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Zhongguo ruankexue","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Scientific misconduct; Misconduct; Quarter (Canadian coin); Psychology; Public relations; Medical education; Social psychology; Political science; Law; Medicine; Alternative medicine","score_opus":0.10325744944125981,"score_gpt":0.3340431155624568,"score_spread":0.230785666121197,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2360740284","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9865629,0.001294256,0.000042895444,0.0012699747,0.0004225176,0.00014659826,0.00007000781,0.000054320255,0.0101365335],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9921872,0.0006202567,0.00014974277,0.00012127925,0.00012958799,0.000005250529,0.000023067856,0.000007869645,0.006755758],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9980746,0.00021746778,0.00030561618,0.00037706914,0.00064517953,0.00038008505],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99904746,0.00017799002,0.00014473747,0.00020172972,0.00025387824,0.00017421079],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0013327714,0.00014251536,0.00038007033,0.000404336,0.0009693258,0.000070488684,0.00036923238,0.000360771,0.00047527425],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00066894764,0.00013178306,0.00015409544,0.0016704993,0.0009693417,0.00035186842,0.00007181333,0.00049276743,0.000045369634],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009769241,0.00066371745,0.42456868,0.00021023881,0.004336203,0.00023523248,0.32804,0.0003310018,0.024642771,0.16871287,0.03984862,0.00831299],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002180543,0.00029906936,0.51498985,0.00028523474,0.005263662,0.00007671107,0.03089322,0.0040578907,0.06956902,0.0086492915,0.36073875,0.0029967627],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0050398223,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0025162266,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.32089013,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000047507463,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00032943935,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7618737},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2403365002","doi":"","title":"The Internet and Classroom Plagiarism: Detecting the Problem","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Internet Banking and Commerce","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"The Internet; Plagiarism detection; Computer science; World Wide Web; Internet privacy; Multimedia; Information retrieval","score_opus":0.01796480559262315,"score_gpt":0.27190730184140566,"score_spread":0.2539424962487825,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2403365002","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9211767,0.0041001975,0.0055041793,0.056466162,0.00044495112,0.0001674727,8.876456e-7,0.000019898449,0.012119602],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9951643,0.0017992114,0.00015606324,0.0013825281,0.00035167247,0.0000011946967,1.0593883e-7,0.000007938519,0.0011369934],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982839,0.00066369056,0.0003611037,0.00008154125,0.0003411197,0.0002686044],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99766374,0.0016832461,0.0003634474,0.00010881572,0.00011668037,0.000064077314],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.006790248,0.00011530791,0.00015057348,0.00003201787,0.0009264073,0.00027801827,0.00076319865,0.00021605937,0.00001948956],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00033490083,0.00005135325,0.000059388072,0.00010114397,0.0006315703,0.00016483424,0.00015641686,0.0026265082,0.0000041041103],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00046065703,0.000053078962,0.005981763,0.000027777958,0.00037584777,0.000019211986,0.50154996,0.0001044409,0.00025309948,0.18899816,0.019547317,0.28262866],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015864661,0.00069279445,0.0048548095,0.0015370105,0.00031598078,0.0017008673,0.17616391,0.0008195819,0.0013250208,0.23041154,0.5800809,0.00051109405],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0044864765,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0024072258,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5605336,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006719132,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000074242314,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996745},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":[],"domain":null,"study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"design_other","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"medium"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W2418161243","doi":"10.1503/cmaj.109-5171","title":"Scientific misconduct or criminal offence?","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Medical Association Journal","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Commit; Misconduct; Scientific misconduct; Criminal offence; Face (sociological concept); Criminology; Political science; Psychology; Internet privacy; Computer security; Law; Medicine; Criminal law; Computer science; Sociology; Alternative medicine","score_opus":0.06404367788593042,"score_gpt":0.3220001549856951,"score_spread":0.2579564770997647,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2418161243","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.3759105,0.0005533282,0.00035118812,0.34469146,0.019819021,0.0002641192,0.000050607534,0.000082157785,0.25827762],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8867793,0.0001734905,0.0006541702,0.025522778,0.012933139,0.0000056353406,0.000014160941,0.000019664556,0.073897645],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9955001,0.00060391356,0.00030484248,0.00014689055,0.0027872922,0.00065697735],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99480736,0.0002658377,0.00016347627,0.000065682834,0.0010248107,0.0036728508],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.013731392,0.00008026196,0.00014102303,0.00017812199,0.0013458926,0.00047516532,0.0005145582,0.0010273434,0.010759385],"category_scores_gemma":[0.024791451,0.00006631025,0.00006272199,0.00040717216,0.0002785234,0.00039571573,0.000012803526,0.002460374,0.0007332607],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000057816237,0.000010328495,0.006964288,0.0000015720608,0.000019031011,0.00026168567,0.016981306,7.6318855e-7,0.0000016756109,0.006012179,0.95531034,0.014431043],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002519629,0.000020345991,0.00044043674,0.000028622133,0.000013357006,0.00010382364,0.019186942,0.000041294083,0.0000044722046,0.0021804369,0.9776265,0.00010178936],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.031722587,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.35068837,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.51086885,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0018823252,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.028243743,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999542},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2428532148","doi":"10.1525/jer.2013.8.5.82","title":"Letter to the Editor","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"letter","venue":"Journal of Empirical Research on Human Research Ethics","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Columbia College","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Political science; Psychology","score_opus":0.6843819998330386,"score_gpt":0.6434455258129742,"score_spread":0.040936474020064395,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2428532148","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"commentary","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"commentary","genre_consensus":"commentary","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00033168166,0.0002589802,0.000036408564,0.95366645,0.0038181783,0.0010634585,0.000024187822,0.000018991832,0.04078168],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.000729958,0.0008840585,0.0000877644,0.6458322,0.29580677,0.000060766244,0.000007683505,0.00006417334,0.056526642],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.91883385,0.04664323,0.0011814216,0.0006627333,0.029517071,0.003161663],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9002773,0.081775084,0.00035089377,0.00097188714,0.0155423535,0.0010824389],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts","scholarly_communication","open_science","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["metaresearch","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.19226691,0.0003610027,0.0007204553,0.002418724,0.0067993733,0.0016524645,0.007271704,0.010818422,0.0028806436],"category_scores_gemma":[0.14241908,0.00022198581,0.0005041241,0.0022703293,0.0051486045,0.00037542527,0.00093510246,0.26717213,0.0044667535],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006236416,0.00007284943,0.000013538213,0.00007076286,0.00007200635,0.0005144469,0.018805802,0.0000024684887,0.000012967671,0.004577572,0.97520053,0.0005946764],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00014936931,0.0010692495,0.00003724233,0.0005870966,0.000008928682,0.000006380774,0.002498451,0.0000025104016,0.000018803294,0.02838716,0.96700317,0.00023163416],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002983909,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000738581,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.30783427,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0020239763,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.007589584,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9993839},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2442796381","doi":"10.18438/b8j047","title":"Laying the Groundwork for a New Library Service: Scholar-Practitioner &amp; Graduate Student Attitudes Toward Altmetrics and the Curation of Online Profiles","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Evidence Based Library and Information Practice","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Royal Roads University; Vancouver Island University","funders":"","keywords":"Altmetrics; Promotion (chess); Reputation; Value (mathematics); Service (business); Scholarly communication; Medical education; Public relations; Computer science; World Wide Web; Sociology; Medicine; Political science; Publishing; Marketing; Social science; Business","score_opus":0.07097271289741573,"score_gpt":0.35375794124918886,"score_spread":0.2827852283517731,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2442796381","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"commentary","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.026886538,0.001679944,0.02362496,0.9448769,0.0002458157,0.0011628007,0.000066605586,0.000085494954,0.0013709014],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7260368,0.05609718,0.04357585,0.17080534,0.0012884747,0.00017159557,0.0002272232,0.000024978319,0.0017725892],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99802,0.00081454555,0.00041954598,0.000118476826,0.00047176486,0.00015568978],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.98690087,0.012126856,0.0005855088,0.00015208822,0.00015206827,0.000082602885],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","scholarly_communication"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0030651125,0.00010731864,0.00013055377,0.000100081736,0.0008310618,0.00066757796,0.00031385786,0.00017908224,0.00010215031],"category_scores_gemma":[0.008599486,0.0000551036,0.00004148896,0.0005841703,0.00022721749,0.18556617,0.00010167873,0.00054004986,0.000011688352],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0012299278,0.000052761534,0.003353213,0.00016607186,0.000055836008,2.3722738e-7,0.0154988365,0.000025341751,0.000022406612,0.9303662,0.015987681,0.033241495],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009995092,0.00006430346,0.013511217,0.0005791117,0.00009553555,0.0000053808867,0.018571768,0.0002545918,0.00017688448,0.005380859,0.9602002,0.00016063651],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000149725,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000020922246,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9442125,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000010926182,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00049447024,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997515},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2468815196","doi":"10.3138/jsp.47.4.307","title":"An Expanded Approach to Evaluating Open Access Journals","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Scholarly Publishing","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Publishing; Publication; Documentation; Quality (philosophy); Computer science; Incentive; Process (computing); Process management; World Wide Web; Knowledge management; Business; Political science; Advertising; Law","score_opus":0.29698328069141705,"score_gpt":0.502177373625365,"score_spread":0.2051940929339479,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2468815196","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6956085,0.0006693677,0.044358533,0.07239164,0.0020943475,0.00052557123,0.000012300727,0.000043918175,0.1842958],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9666762,0.00016005282,0.023944082,0.0041815387,0.003912798,0.0000058957435,7.5372736e-7,0.00002046809,0.0010982197],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99390167,0.0018098165,0.0008824444,0.00023068745,0.0025652752,0.00061012164],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99371344,0.0006651688,0.0010345526,0.00022711436,0.0032901946,0.0010695566],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","scholarly_communication","open_science","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["metaresearch","scholarly_communication"],"category_scores_codex":[0.06833179,0.00014089207,0.0003586076,0.00055894384,0.001000054,0.11049628,0.0077817277,0.0006996629,0.00036359866],"category_scores_gemma":[0.052393284,0.00009201236,0.00012011135,0.00086396426,0.00007540371,0.376742,0.00063928857,0.0036766704,0.000014033418],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00039514186,0.0005554901,0.20483327,0.0000171345,0.00021883856,0.000022573617,0.08079062,0.000086548236,0.023682553,0.06643798,0.2058562,0.41710365],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0067940243,0.0011334992,0.13102442,0.0035671203,0.00027744728,0.0005178991,0.12868129,0.0001268365,0.0032721567,0.17928107,0.5433143,0.0020099727],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010493938,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000070013346,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.41509366,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00044789247,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0011687522,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9986219},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2471565349","doi":"","title":"Can Serious Games Prevent Plagiarism","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"E-Learn: World Conference on E-Learning in Corporate, Government, Healthcare, and Higher Education","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Athabasca University","funders":"","keywords":"Internet privacy; Computer security; Business; Computer science","score_opus":0.08313402438246127,"score_gpt":0.32800648036972696,"score_spread":0.2448724559872657,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2471565349","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.31192574,0.0018137345,0.00003833709,0.23093538,0.0061505516,0.0015586299,0.0000388909,0.00034843537,0.4471903],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.84436667,0.0011466536,0.00021802916,0.0025910607,0.0006134201,0.00009278035,0.00004048172,0.000029264433,0.15090168],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9956283,0.0012487906,0.00053881103,0.000674242,0.0012123353,0.00069752784],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978515,0.00021590869,0.0007396547,0.00026622313,0.00029107308,0.00063562987],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0022378834,0.00032929512,0.00040097738,0.00018702594,0.00058660586,0.00026805289,0.00036881206,0.0006498963,0.00053688773],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00034984128,0.0003479227,0.00005099006,0.00064210576,0.00028098718,0.0003322513,0.00007622887,0.0029502406,0.00011008333],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00022352481,0.00043955116,0.12363338,0.00010519602,0.000029709332,0.000012734767,0.023869283,0.000045071218,0.000029006982,0.75061065,0.029333998,0.07166792],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00078377494,0.0004741664,0.10081168,0.0006278568,0.000028288405,0.0000056215754,0.028299646,0.00013476585,0.000048661328,0.06391631,0.804084,0.0007851927],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.021668099,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.017196009,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.77475005,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0013135883,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0029624607,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998973},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":[],"domain":null,"study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"design_other","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W2472685502","doi":"10.64152/10125/66887","title":"Using 'Close Reading' as a course theme in a multilingual disciplinary classroom","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Reading in a Foreign Language","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Course (navigation); Reading (process); Psychology; Discipline; Teaching method; Theme (computing); Linguistics; Extensive reading; Pedagogy; Mathematics education; Computer science; Sociology; World Wide Web","score_opus":0.060863193047040076,"score_gpt":0.3930325461145839,"score_spread":0.3321693530675438,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2472685502","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8651343,0.00035205382,0.00014779899,0.00028590809,0.0001819396,0.00033938244,0.00001171789,0.0000867629,0.13346012],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9949606,0.000027933382,0.0027037526,0.00017123955,0.00039120988,0.00001399836,0.000014146134,0.000026254053,0.0016908349],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.99768174,0.0003862591,0.00037285165,0.0003659188,0.00050611974,0.0006870995],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990037,0.0003566838,0.00012997174,0.00021873313,0.000060771054,0.00023013398],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0035694374,0.00019200488,0.000313014,0.0002481369,0.00018629887,0.00006677068,0.00040148653,0.0006558118,0.00007763321],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0016837965,0.00018424324,0.00007556842,0.00058990146,0.0002618859,0.0003513344,0.00011186028,0.0012375066,0.00006378294],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00024245867,0.00032243851,0.07543344,0.000041758973,0.000029012597,0.0016371212,0.6875573,0.0002661359,0.0020131145,0.2261173,0.00090982794,0.0054301303],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0030486179,0.00019496484,0.0017903108,0.0014493944,0.00006606505,0.00013645859,0.812807,0.021248888,0.0017294757,0.15163821,0.004687892,0.0012026881],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.020987393,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0043900153,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.13176928,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006051375,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005562489,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9855319},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2474558075","doi":"10.1302/2046-3758.56.bjr-2016-0047","title":"Retractions in orthopaedic research","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Bone and Joint Research","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":67,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Juravinski Cancer Centre; Hamilton Health Sciences; McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Scientific misconduct; Scrutiny; Misconduct; Impact factor; Medicine; Cochrane Library; MEDLINE; Data extraction; Meta-analysis; Alternative medicine; Political science; Pathology; Law","score_opus":0.257422106957606,"score_gpt":0.47710970848641454,"score_spread":0.21968760152880856,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2474558075","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.57214576,0.0008645496,0.000055004195,0.09889764,0.00013162411,0.0004330394,0.0000071533186,0.0000382339,0.327427],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9616273,0.004837307,0.00007495941,0.000049484675,0.00038353383,0.000032533415,6.8881656e-7,0.0000059133376,0.032988247],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99546003,0.0019135373,0.00021197491,0.00026204172,0.0013665837,0.0007858348],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99735355,0.0018511082,0.000018326584,0.00015127462,0.0004183694,0.00020734243],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.032823034,0.000050632618,0.00012304325,0.00064764614,0.0009934165,0.00006965034,0.00012104692,0.00047268494,0.00079376996],"category_scores_gemma":[0.007145543,0.000035137673,0.000032832388,0.00093488215,0.0011765705,0.0002629986,0.00012245409,0.0027081212,0.0003801442],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000109252534,0.00015464888,0.032669745,0.000033727672,0.000010555702,0.00016680562,0.01672745,7.0768436e-8,0.010027479,0.55280226,0.18812372,0.19917426],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00036279552,0.00008834717,0.030117197,0.00021134404,0.0000010177957,0.000007733132,0.011159221,0.0000059021945,0.000366308,0.078828305,0.8787443,0.00010755855],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.014865939,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.010225797,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.69062054,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019093546,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005055295,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99959266},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"evaluation","study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"evaluation","study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"}],"label_agreement":"agree"},{"id":"W2476748197","doi":"10.4018/978-1-60566-952-6.ch009","title":"Educational and Professional Technoethics","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Advances in information security, privacy, and ethics book series","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Happening; Upload; The Internet; Sociology; Public relations; Political science; Engineering ethics; Media studies; Internet privacy; Environmental ethics; Engineering; World Wide Web; Computer science; Art; Philosophy","score_opus":0.02065364137475983,"score_gpt":0.3373308955193599,"score_spread":0.3166772541446001,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2476748197","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00015560212,0.009780686,0.00009739511,0.064255394,0.0018172447,0.0006036767,0.00012801982,0.00009554216,0.92306644],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.013004944,0.6736566,0.0053844787,0.014368541,0.0016992227,0.000131975,0.0006466812,0.000060339833,0.29104722],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99791867,0.00009033978,0.0006052104,0.00023467735,0.0008616208,0.00028951126],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99757737,0.0011980626,0.0004227935,0.00019086062,0.00047340206,0.00013753622],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0026753554,0.0002866731,0.0003092246,0.00027061545,0.0012128518,0.00017775543,0.00036163942,0.0042568645,0.00040607233],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0021498213,0.00028981522,0.00004491146,0.00006031742,0.0025594623,0.006829139,0.000294753,0.009962806,0.00003561919],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000022385082,0.000005770999,0.00010971109,0.00027213703,0.000006255545,5.0818477e-7,0.089400075,2.5887292e-7,6.7096056e-7,0.9071781,0.00069884944,0.0023052797],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007619941,0.0000123483715,0.000022420982,0.00023249103,0.000006452257,0.000007205727,0.0019648713,0.0000026734494,0.000007361376,0.4678115,0.52966845,0.00018802819],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00012851307,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00230932,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6638759,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007920823,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0012127674,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999554},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2479355324","doi":"10.4018/978-1-4666-3930-0.ch007","title":"Embedding Plagiarism Detection Mechanisms into Learning Management Systems","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"IGI Global eBooks","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University of Edmonton","funders":"","keywords":"Plagiarism detection; Computer science; Architecture; Set (abstract data type); Embedding; Learning Management; Intellectual property; Software engineering; Plug-in; Service (business); Software; Multimedia; Artificial intelligence; Operating system; Programming language","score_opus":0.014681483784532023,"score_gpt":0.2663513914572157,"score_spread":0.25166990767268366,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2479355324","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000041106876,0.00034968558,0.028814891,0.000079366284,0.0027200445,0.0008826642,0.000008996827,0.0004144959,0.96668875],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.28624618,0.0000973004,0.0010299442,0.00023878519,0.0011440916,0.00006915473,0.000006656092,0.000060058268,0.71110785],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99692214,0.00020227545,0.0005226686,0.00062628736,0.0011012786,0.0006253807],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987377,0.000095594616,0.0004422647,0.00026665643,0.00019165702,0.00026611012],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012535476,0.0004687311,0.0004955571,0.00014108325,0.0011836102,0.00037450378,0.00058219355,0.0036735318,0.0002561241],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007293375,0.0004988037,0.00022882664,0.00003506113,0.00019409019,0.00015040678,0.00020436766,0.0031363524,0.0017593902],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010729836,0.0000027527055,6.0485365e-7,0.00007382983,0.00013871762,0.00003728091,0.001427683,0.00008529268,0.000017530949,0.9793912,0.001621964,0.017192416],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00013517024,0.000044853798,7.16022e-7,0.000419398,0.00012366811,0.000011367656,0.0022270302,0.0005395972,0.000020589205,0.5835245,0.41244635,0.0005067529],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008280697,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00069309387,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4108244,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0012155968,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013276072,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997464},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"methods","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"medium"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"design_other","genre":"methods","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"medium"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W2495098945","doi":"10.4018/978-1-59904-801-7.ch013","title":"Minimizing Plagiarism by Redesigning the Learning Environment and Assessment","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"IGI Global eBooks","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Athabasca University","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Honesty; Deliverable; Action (physics); Process (computing); The Internet; Computer science; Mathematics education; Psychology; Engineering ethics; Engineering; World Wide Web; Social psychology","score_opus":0.032254959362619406,"score_gpt":0.2786387059380446,"score_spread":0.24638374657542517,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2495098945","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000076976336,0.0014447096,0.0013890304,0.00066799764,0.00028435202,0.00038029635,0.00003562821,0.00008444861,0.9956366],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.22953641,0.0016121238,0.0021641757,0.0017277786,0.0011148364,0.000043992495,0.000016547974,0.00008869025,0.7636954],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.997711,0.0002552279,0.00035731486,0.000483587,0.0007100395,0.00048284855],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99894613,0.0002720282,0.00034365454,0.00021230335,0.000033412754,0.00019246369],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0016419465,0.00035991715,0.00035380683,0.00002970299,0.0012674488,0.00015436062,0.00045936648,0.002051095,0.00029346553],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000066455985,0.00029924975,0.00012545183,0.0000097643615,0.00067712064,0.000069098256,0.000204453,0.003832195,0.000086601656],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009763636,0.000003584097,0.00007232143,0.000007128805,0.000076020326,0.000013221276,0.004126517,0.0000011875392,0.0000161365,0.9665397,0.011528324,0.017606089],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00011337412,0.00004517712,0.000018477223,0.000120793266,0.00009900531,0.0000072708913,0.0011635233,0.0000113969945,0.000011466129,0.21941563,0.778655,0.00033889647],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0022919571,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009865755,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7671267,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00040731538,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00025716043,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99994594},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":[],"domain":null,"study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"other","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"design_other","genre":"other","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W2497010652","doi":"10.4018/978-1-60566-952-6.ch005","title":"The Nature and Areas of Technoethical Inquiry","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Advances in information security, privacy, and ethics book series","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Scope (computer science); Engineering ethics; Set (abstract data type); Ideal (ethics); Knowledge base; Management science; Sociology; Knowledge management; Epistemology; Computer science; Engineering; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.018150218210730144,"score_gpt":0.3275251693988377,"score_spread":0.30937495118810754,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2497010652","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00043353226,0.04126714,0.00014364909,0.034487594,0.0017044216,0.0007080325,0.00008677833,0.00010544104,0.9210634],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.04297383,0.93221253,0.0007917911,0.004312732,0.0006292887,0.000030126508,0.00008292555,0.00002746,0.018939294],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981169,0.000096381074,0.0006129733,0.00017169911,0.00074917113,0.000252864],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9970747,0.0016920936,0.00047920723,0.0002458327,0.00042128572,0.00008686044],"candidate_categories":["sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0033738953,0.0002378729,0.0003169393,0.000149203,0.001040374,0.00015262008,0.00047714918,0.0061251605,0.000040738167],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003214273,0.00019107218,0.000052453,0.000060693237,0.0050593507,0.0037836402,0.0003189147,0.013942131,0.0000054843617],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003835503,0.0000020733198,0.00006310932,0.00021493006,0.0000069223456,6.370745e-7,0.094027884,2.2301943e-7,4.683651e-7,0.9011492,0.0002665504,0.0042296364],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006290909,0.00001819079,0.000016974302,0.0001654474,0.000007596664,0.0000052159653,0.004222527,0.0000016320387,0.000025562851,0.44160575,0.5537418,0.00012638808],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000086646476,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0026394336,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9021241,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000038049628,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00036698586,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9976483},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2515051907","doi":"10.1145/2960811.2960817","title":"Using a Dictionary and n-gram Alignment to Improve Fine-grained Cross-Language Plagiarism Detection","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"University of Waterloo; University of Tehran","keywords":"Computer science; Plagiarism detection; Similarity (geometry); Focus (optics); Cross-language information retrieval; Information retrieval; Natural language processing; Precision and recall; Artificial intelligence; Machine translation; n-gram; Range (aeronautics); Language model","score_opus":0.019220214917136037,"score_gpt":0.33181875370369956,"score_spread":0.3125985387865635,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2515051907","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.881632,0.00007049786,0.08858687,0.0040812087,0.0007619931,0.00044014392,0.000030634797,0.00018560207,0.024211092],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9871922,0.000025063326,0.0015901478,0.0005921996,0.0004909119,0.00001533299,0.0000010259823,0.000008706318,0.010084383],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987907,0.00011714783,0.00018161631,0.00027458614,0.0003147229,0.00032122264],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993772,0.00020937242,0.00005280304,0.000105932624,0.00006640353,0.00018827907],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009757945,0.00010940764,0.00011015511,0.000078861594,0.00055444206,0.0000762442,0.00011902456,0.0005288502,0.0003287534],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00046560154,0.00007700635,0.000042523316,0.00014601585,0.00018419478,0.0002822383,0.00006431561,0.00031117367,0.000052434138],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001968823,0.00008259667,0.0062078084,0.0000175572,0.0000728604,0.00002174726,0.033648416,0.000010427922,0.5372245,0.04926401,0.0021229195,0.3711303],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0069230576,0.0014194335,0.035381123,0.0005097644,0.00025126958,0.00012327106,0.05463886,0.004524019,0.30667147,0.083732046,0.5020738,0.0037518349],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007679531,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0017436679,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.49995092,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018616876,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000068720095,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9989284},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2516745606","doi":"","title":"Reticent Researchers! Are We Failing Humanity?","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"2015 AGU Fall Meeting","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Lethbridge","funders":"","keywords":"Humanity; Political science; Law","score_opus":0.18878646427933768,"score_gpt":0.3938615002159999,"score_spread":0.20507503593666224,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2516745606","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.25034913,0.0034617253,0.00024838888,0.038079362,0.0010579344,0.000396172,0.0000075850576,0.00029842363,0.7061013],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9834804,0.00061915,0.0017439922,0.00059092575,0.0018894427,0.000011818845,0.0000060150824,0.000025060426,0.011633227],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9969075,0.0008475904,0.00026317636,0.00028562476,0.0010426808,0.0006534686],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998376,0.00042502693,0.00015891663,0.00018751885,0.00044525327,0.0004072451],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.009199111,0.00012550406,0.00018296357,0.000084366715,0.00069437415,0.00015825918,0.0005451923,0.0005423455,0.000048524864],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0063613267,0.00012285523,0.000061406914,0.00025007577,0.00027189023,0.00031438566,0.00014386617,0.001572186,0.00043825258],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011164779,0.0001336607,0.074608,0.000093552524,0.00006918629,0.00009524179,0.336529,0.00016514886,0.00033206714,0.07716714,0.5018677,0.008827675],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002801751,0.000033630182,0.00017259216,0.0002769243,0.000014981472,0.0000015756328,0.16284147,0.0003759059,0.00013626833,0.010342535,0.825261,0.00026293637],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.025621599,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.022002405,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.73313123,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00032511097,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00034090676,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9958435},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2520030777","doi":"10.5430/jnep.v7n1p124","title":"Implementing plagiarism awareness workshop to nursing faculty members, Damanhour University","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Nursing Education and Practice","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Medical education; Publication; Psychology; Significant difference; Perception; Nursing; Medicine; Internal medicine; Political science","score_opus":0.12180771550494375,"score_gpt":0.4675029095565396,"score_spread":0.3456951940515959,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2520030777","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.19436069,0.0005460898,0.028510237,0.5784726,0.005296951,0.00024140214,0.000011054586,0.00004006736,0.19252087],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96986973,0.0006363615,0.017274352,0.0012839177,0.0015942296,3.4717894e-7,0.0000023245532,0.00001141971,0.009327323],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99835414,0.00065836956,0.00023058492,0.00012462623,0.00036518383,0.0002670859],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9972325,0.0014227752,0.00046183693,0.000068305475,0.0005654808,0.00024912602],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0037983458,0.00007983008,0.00012760382,0.00016491982,0.0012010733,0.00008489408,0.00018875336,0.00025270457,0.00014393423],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004047589,0.00006587404,0.000043242886,0.00025904496,0.00012309574,0.0014123662,0.00001794016,0.00059995847,0.0000088296665],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002515311,0.00037160347,0.0007210968,0.0000047418525,0.000036786652,0.0000054931825,0.15680166,0.0000021120536,0.0004297634,0.024023533,0.18210879,0.6352429],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00019600427,0.00002575253,0.00092637655,0.000817649,0.000091359,0.00015561531,0.20640475,0.0000023835291,0.000053864827,0.0011597667,0.79006773,0.0000987568],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000364972,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004952082,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.775509,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005250902,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0010152371,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9237806},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"medium"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"methods","study_design":"design_other","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"medium"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W2520832911","doi":"","title":"Academic Dishonesty and Achievement Motivation: A Delicate Relationship","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Higher education of social science","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Academic dishonesty; Psychology; Dishonesty; Cheating; Mathematics education; Islam; Need for achievement; Academic achievement; Connection (principal bundle); Relation (database); Social psychology; Theology; Engineering; Philosophy; Computer science","score_opus":0.054980116209029865,"score_gpt":0.360421443355411,"score_spread":0.3054413271463811,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2520832911","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7712803,0.00015788466,0.00027867864,0.059749164,0.00096872635,0.00026524314,0.0000068619347,0.000056203404,0.16723697],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98443496,0.00007458396,0.00017872278,0.00042216686,0.00042867017,0.000016481286,0.0000010237208,0.000003159669,0.014440204],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987287,0.00011080948,0.00020466658,0.00020926615,0.00052751706,0.00021904105],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990942,0.0002966197,0.00016174372,0.00007320922,0.0002606533,0.00011358764],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0016951943,0.00006203333,0.00007928743,0.00009381043,0.00096605875,0.000026580603,0.00030038497,0.00023039838,0.00022586361],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00066538434,0.000047931033,0.000021649896,0.0006436083,0.0016565929,0.00064942485,0.000043319913,0.00025000528,0.00002379464],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000028811735,0.000022393022,0.10087267,0.0000030399615,0.0000011482326,1.47709915e-8,0.007640883,2.1984421e-8,0.0015311127,0.8816056,0.0014651258,0.0068550617],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000066275934,0.000006913648,0.8408509,0.00002504203,0.0000052356845,1.7593318e-7,0.0011735533,1.7160386e-7,0.00028442105,0.036590647,0.120922305,0.00007439399],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002916104,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000045985867,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.845015,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018198525,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007777563,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.74302405},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2526660219","doi":"10.1016/j.tree.2016.09.004","title":"Fraud Not a Primary Cause of Irreproducible Results: A Reply to Clark et al.","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"letter","venue":"Trends in Ecology & Evolution","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Scientific misconduct; Transparency (behavior); Misconduct; Value (mathematics); Scopus; Political science; Law; Computer science","score_opus":0.03745739282184158,"score_gpt":0.33552074945534166,"score_spread":0.2980633566335001,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2526660219","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"commentary","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"commentary","genre_consensus":"commentary","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0038281146,0.00011248139,0.00007666204,0.94187737,0.001860745,0.00029764549,0.00037142404,0.00008893576,0.05148662],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.015009986,0.00030872872,0.000698792,0.93348897,0.002646607,0.00010429959,0.00037159058,0.00003502105,0.047336],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9949778,0.0016234322,0.0008695471,0.0010878904,0.0005968049,0.0008445595],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9973896,0.001018373,0.0005451142,0.00075599004,0.00021082698,0.000080068254],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.006369347,0.00028065915,0.00063919596,0.0009609698,0.00020293312,0.0000151164195,0.00066975295,0.0035296844,0.0003478525],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0029139817,0.000262288,0.00015463556,0.00077909185,0.00051915494,0.00023432246,0.00015807101,0.004171548,0.00017223576],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00018883875,0.00003819951,0.0024289698,0.000015479916,0.00004200071,0.00004461285,0.0037874063,0.00000592032,0.00005032382,0.000930832,0.99005026,0.0024171511],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004887077,0.00014507916,0.02847839,0.00013433312,0.00004021735,0.000006426935,0.00012748435,0.0000028197524,0.00001938685,0.0017196552,0.9685586,0.00027889726],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0076007647,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.011125276,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02604942,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0014120125,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007831295,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99998295},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2527904535","doi":"10.1016/j.tree.2016.09.006","title":"Scientific Misconduct: The Elephant in the Lab. A Response to Parker et al.","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"letter","venue":"Trends in Ecology & Evolution","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick; University of Windsor","funders":"","keywords":"Transparency (behavior); Scopus; Misconduct; Scientific misconduct; Web of science; Political science; Rigour; Library science; Law; Computer science; MEDLINE; Medicine; Epistemology; Philosophy; Alternative medicine","score_opus":0.03652023699549029,"score_gpt":0.3446946395113756,"score_spread":0.3081744025158853,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2527904535","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"commentary","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"commentary","genre_consensus":"commentary","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.06698729,0.00015526221,0.000019459478,0.92217624,0.0022339239,0.00034669397,0.0000622033,0.000029380992,0.007989548],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.21145085,0.000059291506,0.000036661695,0.7411717,0.0012355722,0.00022881491,0.000064108295,0.000018451574,0.045734532],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9891962,0.008212886,0.00042467724,0.0006076043,0.00062112487,0.0009375236],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9963152,0.002895011,0.00018062809,0.00047522405,0.00009339686,0.0000405301],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.020572888,0.00022485292,0.0002859181,0.00072876795,0.0006911171,0.00010777291,0.0012808496,0.002037878,0.0007040499],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0019895178,0.00012924075,0.000109106244,0.0011677757,0.0011571078,0.00019582926,0.00010766441,0.00447857,0.00031956445],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000988503,0.000020463747,0.0019736919,0.0000015022063,0.000008979367,0.00004150693,0.014149956,0.000003052074,0.000052815663,0.0017311751,0.9807559,0.0011620987],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00020676645,0.000044342312,0.038478192,0.00004390165,0.0000141693345,0.000008536049,0.001400094,0.000007887557,0.0000021034245,0.003979939,0.95564264,0.00017145417],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00212027,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.062919736,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.18100451,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00083114643,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006445975,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9992577},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2535124877","doi":"10.1007/978-3-319-44468-0_14","title":"Learning Assessment Must Change in a World of Digital “Cheats”","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Athabasca University","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Function (biology); Digital native; Business; Engineering; Computer science; Psychology; World Wide Web; Social psychology","score_opus":0.05949613972256471,"score_gpt":0.33901380036270207,"score_spread":0.27951766064013733,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2535124877","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00006913933,0.00009845764,0.00006669726,0.0024348265,0.0002077973,0.00023850947,0.000024852263,0.000040619383,0.9968191],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.13220079,0.00035691212,0.00006696248,0.00014752577,0.0005724787,0.00000785035,0.0000108373015,0.00001554346,0.8666211],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99868196,0.000047615657,0.0002967463,0.00022671308,0.00048165987,0.00026531253],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992309,0.00033361182,0.00018408343,0.00009585594,0.00007678891,0.00007870906],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008446708,0.00016342168,0.00031548782,0.00024662903,0.0000949341,0.00003651812,0.00025635428,0.0009557422,0.005689996],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000093863404,0.0001301359,0.00010910859,0.000052288542,0.00025083244,0.00026736295,0.000077622244,0.0017809572,0.00014956735],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000049282507,0.000008381195,0.0020261065,0.000013766233,0.000016031425,0.0000074284876,0.004407964,8.5672234e-8,0.0000014895037,0.94494766,0.0011271025,0.047439054],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00012519192,0.000033627522,0.0001819888,0.00046556065,0.000011198725,3.9582127e-7,0.00078258663,0.000005451603,0.0000024619878,0.034801334,0.9633571,0.00023311876],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014950508,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0057018204,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.96222997,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021981951,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00021041297,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99521893},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2546973172","doi":"","title":"Factors underlying students’ appropriate or inappropriate use of scholarly sources in academic writing, and instructors’ responses","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Brock University","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Academic writing; Psychology; Mathematics education; Medical education; Pedagogy; Medicine; Social psychology","score_opus":0.48282338354226384,"score_gpt":0.5712130073040649,"score_spread":0.08838962376180104,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2546973172","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9943223,0.0034670124,0.00005521204,0.0002965096,0.0003313015,0.000909751,0.000030988092,0.000038019283,0.00054889446],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9846334,0.013980075,0.0002949601,0.00019570232,0.00011410669,0.00002965234,0.0000038423345,0.000037596685,0.00071067095],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.993875,0.0018859839,0.0014460811,0.00052635185,0.0016083083,0.000658258],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99513173,0.002256971,0.0014104642,0.00029095841,0.0005285778,0.00038129845],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","scholarly_communication","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["scholarly_communication"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0063472553,0.00037353928,0.00094417477,0.0012359325,0.0006588488,0.0038336134,0.0035190457,0.00096492254,0.0025878085],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0066376952,0.000296093,0.0001278063,0.00138641,0.0007387752,0.013922369,0.0012213764,0.0032884302,0.000006960359],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00020814681,0.00007918477,0.9644321,0.000066472945,0.00009466115,0.0000067225856,0.012842574,0.000010028538,0.012731683,0.0004976203,0.00065667595,0.008374114],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00050116767,0.000016422204,0.9702985,0.0007725046,0.000043063086,0.0000030383433,0.011875498,0.000017290135,0.002530523,0.011007198,0.002537969,0.00039681888],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.038692053,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00093757175,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03775448,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017926886,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004492846,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999491},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2550357391","doi":"10.5539/jel.v6n1p158","title":"Academic Misconduct: An Investigation into Male Students’ Perceptions, Experiences &amp; Attitudes towards Cheating and Plagiarism in a Middle Eastern University Context","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Education and Learning","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Academic dishonesty; Misconduct; Academic integrity; Context (archaeology); Psychology; Likert scale; Population; The Internet; Test (biology); Higher education; Medical education; Social psychology; Sociology; Medicine; Political science; Law; Developmental psychology","score_opus":0.05703019522157006,"score_gpt":0.35848784957282187,"score_spread":0.3014576543512518,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2550357391","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99591136,0.0004864558,0.00016209041,0.0029044887,0.00019332954,0.00005655288,1.9096677e-7,0.000005418895,0.00028014206],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9939791,0.00073071587,0.00085128145,0.00016229272,0.00025153087,9.813922e-7,8.8445825e-7,0.000003093499,0.004020134],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.99872154,0.0005993989,0.00021031081,0.00011604278,0.00024020708,0.00011250388],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99932957,0.0001431831,0.00022268074,0.0000309322,0.00012410633,0.00014955922],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0021244131,0.00006360331,0.00011055632,0.00015671797,0.00040712746,0.00006029941,0.00014726476,0.00025952442,0.00015753921],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00074337306,0.000052024963,0.000018080214,0.00010728864,0.0002447735,0.0007725526,0.000025595327,0.0009621761,0.0000033272552],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001066233,0.000018623923,0.57735986,0.0000056675817,0.0000036329095,3.5268508e-7,0.39267078,0.0000013061305,0.00068420154,0.00023921301,0.00006699348,0.028938694],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002509017,0.000051984407,0.21431221,0.00034842634,0.000008833361,0.000019102308,0.7764405,0.000010583354,0.000017059023,0.00024378451,0.008211687,0.00008490376],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0023513532,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010835751,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.38376975,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011509644,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00037354248,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.418023},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":[],"domain":null,"study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W2552456085","doi":"10.5539/res.v8n4p158","title":"Review of Academic Dishonesty among College Students","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Review of European Studies","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Honesty; Academic dishonesty; Sincerity; Psychology; Dishonesty; Academic integrity; Test (biology); Significant difference; Mathematics education; Social psychology; Statistics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.06298013352163381,"score_gpt":0.4036076838006719,"score_spread":0.3406275502790381,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2552456085","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0041348203,0.93041915,0.000006965205,0.0050217235,0.00022685042,0.0005728156,0.00004568541,0.000026185258,0.05954582],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.031082861,0.96447927,0.00003685689,0.002187641,0.00019735126,0.000008523578,0.0000011067941,0.000011882059,0.0019945158],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9962309,0.0017565734,0.00089211675,0.00021726132,0.00066088437,0.0002422843],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981081,0.00058521406,0.00063260697,0.00023811468,0.00035855747,0.000077428485],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.007577318,0.00015242412,0.00080257654,0.000034532106,0.00015810649,0.0000020978516,0.00076716783,0.00008561131,0.000119885975],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00737418,0.000089305635,0.00020139643,0.00034654,0.0008348881,0.00019282583,0.00029717688,0.00038804067,0.0001017649],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011187018,0.00010899077,0.043460537,0.15927601,0.00053956447,0.000021582873,0.004756349,1.0923444e-8,0.00014663016,0.019894354,0.701347,0.07043778],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00011426391,0.000027507273,0.006775397,0.38272202,0.00017844482,0.0000010672229,0.000735872,7.0881265e-9,0.000040630974,0.0001243098,0.60914516,0.00013530337],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000029465076,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009338268,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.22344601,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000040344246,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000061097,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8828115},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2552820166","doi":"10.1186/s41073-016-0024-5","title":"Ranking major and minor research misbehaviors: results from a survey among participants of four World Conferences on Research Integrity","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Research Integrity and Peer Review","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":219,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Women's College Research Institute","keywords":"Minor (academic); Misconduct; Psychology; Quality (philosophy); Product (mathematics); Social psychology; Public relations; Political science; Law","score_opus":0.6723211565749861,"score_gpt":0.5540285380960718,"score_spread":0.11829261847891437,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2552820166","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.861551,0.020811625,0.000017958337,0.08644508,0.00028216786,0.0026701675,0.001594898,0.00005837515,0.02656874],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9092004,0.07678433,0.00012279063,0.00011399547,0.00034430414,0.0001329459,0.000052680145,0.000021956184,0.013226617],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9537946,0.033613347,0.001260175,0.0012933133,0.0077980524,0.0022405116],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.94592357,0.04295914,0.00024130297,0.0008526239,0.009016134,0.0010072541],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["metaresearch","sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.24208291,0.00031668623,0.0009932108,0.00087579136,0.0018235566,0.0003834807,0.0014684098,0.0010817425,0.00093564583],"category_scores_gemma":[0.14647785,0.00020720872,0.00013873888,0.0022208935,0.0068842876,0.0005498516,0.00065471133,0.013675056,0.00016193488],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0027504836,0.00078005804,0.33206454,0.00212436,0.0002465387,0.0001408125,0.022310926,3.409883e-8,0.00061586354,0.08584691,0.3289609,0.2241586],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002466422,0.000965386,0.30549428,0.057158034,0.0000895669,0.000005518131,0.00989569,0.000027603513,0.0015564532,0.05778453,0.56363755,0.00091896486],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.31289145,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.18560389,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.23467667,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00032137084,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0018089805,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99997765},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2553821009","doi":"","title":"The Internet and Classroom Plagiarism: Dealing with the Problem","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Internet Banking and Commerce","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"The Internet; Computer science; World Wide Web; Internet privacy; Plagiarism detection; Multimedia; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.014614306311377393,"score_gpt":0.26035088831552144,"score_spread":0.24573658200414406,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2553821009","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8669915,0.0037729498,0.009856908,0.10423862,0.00019798319,0.00017823001,0.0000010971619,0.000017957942,0.01474476],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9950506,0.0017707332,0.00023303657,0.0015770429,0.00022700612,0.0000010575014,1.5929521e-7,0.000008133699,0.0011322193],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986738,0.0004060225,0.0002630904,0.00007652197,0.0003464302,0.00023413087],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99835205,0.0010509249,0.00031320888,0.000098032346,0.00012268004,0.00006310392],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004520694,0.000112996815,0.00014474207,0.000027603355,0.0007219212,0.00023762525,0.00063764857,0.00016795222,0.000017624701],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008479837,0.00004548446,0.00003966239,0.00007991666,0.0007083979,0.00014719588,0.00009831524,0.002070318,0.0000025509746],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007975499,0.000046739107,0.005203353,0.000023332748,0.00043340327,0.000025891792,0.36584798,0.00023204238,0.00009894832,0.51619184,0.019759014,0.091339916],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0019533795,0.0010160026,0.0037568165,0.0018065848,0.0003974533,0.0017465592,0.14831623,0.00052749197,0.00060936005,0.11511343,0.72423744,0.0005192431],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0036886006,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003001952,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.70447844,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004814831,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007217435,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8994617},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2566325335","doi":"10.1126/science.354.6318.1361","title":"In Canada, case spurs concern over misconduct secrecy","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Science","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Secrecy; Misconduct; Scientific misconduct; Political science; Computer security; Criminology; Law; Psychology; Medicine; Computer science; Pathology","score_opus":0.03715781374551499,"score_gpt":0.32535060775342367,"score_spread":0.2881927940079087,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2566325335","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9545186,0.0000745173,0.00004829698,0.008140779,0.00096735556,0.00008623085,0.000014815636,0.000010985481,0.036138393],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.994528,0.00003315103,0.000052033432,0.0011155563,0.00013716394,0.0000021900826,7.2986616e-8,0.0000021653477,0.004129668],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99849725,0.000090207504,0.00012366474,0.0002461551,0.00057205016,0.0004706985],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99935925,0.00022597321,0.00004273873,0.00011959386,0.000067255416,0.00018516106],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0018494073,0.000060367423,0.000080154874,0.000059553604,0.0004002499,0.000032936783,0.00046574813,0.00010107504,0.0013083676],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00092812354,0.00004206439,0.0000143286525,0.000518428,0.0011136606,0.00067327317,0.00004546829,0.00028621443,0.000054011154],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000035971138,0.000053059466,0.22886184,0.000015477332,0.000011012113,0.0064870073,0.071248405,0.000011683379,0.03545415,0.47282135,0.07251599,0.11248406],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00091289857,0.00003891437,0.023701074,0.00017254295,0.0000086520395,0.00034825027,0.038073376,0.00012623756,0.013381337,0.03830953,0.8840655,0.00086170965],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.98521423,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9928165,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8115495,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009832664,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.006802664,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996046},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2572250704","doi":"10.37514/atd-j.2014.11.2.07","title":"Academic Integrity , Remix Culture, Globalization: A Canadian Case Study of Student and Faculty Perceptions of Plagiarism","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Across the Disciplines","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Globalization; Perception; Higher education; Sociology; Pedagogy; Faculty development; Teaching method; Mathematics education; Political science; Psychology; Professional development","score_opus":0.0455717384598111,"score_gpt":0.4168868331949012,"score_spread":0.3713150947350901,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2572250704","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9958864,0.00010544667,0.00013876102,0.0017729398,0.00020123881,0.00042737558,0.00016515194,0.000020151323,0.0012825615],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99903435,0.000111022586,0.00005060576,0.000105304964,0.00022126784,0.000015329631,0.0000151435615,0.0000062840995,0.0004406908],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982153,0.00042766708,0.00040203525,0.00022702481,0.0004162132,0.00031176404],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99890196,0.000191215,0.00019284952,0.00022068914,0.00032438769,0.0001689079],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0023917542,0.00013703754,0.00024705054,0.000039197836,0.0013744181,0.00004909251,0.0004997456,0.00061034213,0.000026424794],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00055043504,0.00009035276,0.000054383956,0.0003597888,0.00072511076,0.00017914196,0.00016804278,0.0013401373,0.0000034147135],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008254035,0.000087064065,0.39903218,0.000013049351,0.00003855526,0.000007648975,0.5885468,0.000030715782,0.000036201982,0.009288968,0.0016194575,0.0012911148],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00037475798,0.00008713948,0.12614027,0.00004252295,0.00006861714,0.000050321185,0.86555266,0.00014357035,0.000019046987,0.0030966222,0.004264192,0.00016029102],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.4646663,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.7350833,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.27700585,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000071877344,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00016722092,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999257},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"qualitative","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":true,"about_ca_topic":true,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"methods","study_design":"qualitative","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":true,"confidence":"high"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W2580345288","doi":"","title":"SPECIAL ISSUE: Academic Misconduct in Accounting Education","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Accounting educators' journal","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Misconduct; Accounting; Political science; Scientific misconduct; Psychology; Medical education; Business; Medicine; Law; Alternative medicine","score_opus":0.027283584858400316,"score_gpt":0.3544162732772709,"score_spread":0.32713268841887055,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2580345288","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.78757536,0.0003976937,0.000010112336,0.027299304,0.026902739,0.00025351148,0.0000022435106,0.000033771033,0.15752524],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.84114456,0.00042087495,0.00017212356,0.0016156255,0.14717077,0.000011264745,0.0000019025367,0.000029405977,0.009433493],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99688196,0.00039979833,0.0006581162,0.00032080835,0.00087208493,0.0008672212],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9976412,0.00035433256,0.0010761444,0.0004111555,0.00031273844,0.00020441627],"candidate_categories":["sts","scholarly_communication","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.009247724,0.00023596133,0.00028063485,0.00026711109,0.005822537,0.0015792071,0.0022567702,0.0008464164,0.0015424603],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0026775992,0.00019625512,0.00014707379,0.00026129914,0.0005399783,0.0019387758,0.00013932495,0.006513244,0.00040959692],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018788796,0.00010405257,0.29150882,0.000017488048,0.000027371167,0.000007164773,0.056071572,0.0000029158005,0.00010041513,0.005386584,0.5535845,0.093170285],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00018295654,0.000006426484,0.047812615,0.00022200857,0.000027521104,0.00007216182,0.04186847,0.000010884723,0.000027375256,0.008967232,0.90053195,0.0002704269],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007555873,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0028989234,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.34694737,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005009785,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0034616084,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99945724},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2586731707","doi":"10.1145/3024906.3024910","title":"Negotiating the Maze of Academic Integrity in Computing Education","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":76,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Mount Royal University; University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Confusion; Teamwork; Negotiation; Computer science; Coding (social sciences); Best practice; Engineering ethics; Knowledge management; Mathematics education; Psychology; Political science; Sociology; Engineering","score_opus":0.033244754200550175,"score_gpt":0.3556579219469971,"score_spread":0.3224131677464469,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2586731707","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.85612905,0.00021098349,0.0045934473,0.02970135,0.000641386,0.0001966839,0.0000015679088,0.00003451088,0.10849103],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9970098,0.00013171608,0.0003737678,0.00042990322,0.00027325013,0.0000017749963,3.208931e-7,0.000002285475,0.001777164],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989792,0.00032746574,0.00022630104,0.00009450956,0.00019796859,0.00017452927],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986779,0.001042216,0.000105881925,0.000068810135,0.000075215125,0.000029965338],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0028222383,0.00004534377,0.00007890055,0.00004116585,0.000113383954,0.000009617896,0.00030063806,0.00035868664,0.0001420295],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0018444128,0.000023685749,0.00002381543,0.0001960538,0.00020214928,0.00016019575,0.000038153914,0.0011291886,0.000021858517],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000040672344,0.000018270384,0.10268839,0.0000046641,0.0000028924974,7.248286e-8,0.030514862,0.00000398788,0.0006058256,0.7312143,0.0037673332,0.13117537],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00081950024,0.000056038192,0.19824702,0.0014409632,0.000029605426,0.0000053994254,0.31173238,0.0021867119,0.0040420983,0.22770189,0.25304067,0.00069771905],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.014713476,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00089709123,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5035124,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000079832265,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00039079896,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99184763},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2587511691","doi":"10.1634/theoncologist.2016-0371","title":"Predatory Invitations from Journals: More Than Just a Nuisance?","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Oncologist","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":73,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Translational Research in Oncology; Institute of Cancer Research; University of Alberta; Ottawa Public Health; Ottawa Hospital; University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Medicine; Family medicine","score_opus":0.14680079515793984,"score_gpt":0.44178195580643137,"score_spread":0.29498116064849156,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2587511691","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.3998292,0.0010262454,0.00055709865,0.18230228,0.0019864135,0.000374099,0.00017006455,0.000112575115,0.41364202],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99007463,0.00052336854,0.00033412734,0.0015982984,0.0014462848,0.000017177845,0.0000046402542,0.000005481482,0.0059959763],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99880564,0.0003483093,0.000155319,0.00013673631,0.00031059686,0.00024339507],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985413,0.0006280849,0.00027380834,0.00037760235,0.000092681956,0.00008654264],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0020746095,0.00007707935,0.00012920747,0.000018620642,0.0039082,0.00028781462,0.0012980138,0.00041536073,0.0006691541],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0032121614,0.00005217419,0.00006593126,0.00004687191,0.0017583611,0.00032697862,0.00010526325,0.0010791428,0.00021864528],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000836543,0.00016520254,0.07630448,0.0000074209784,0.00013886408,0.00004680063,0.22367734,0.000029944249,0.00038245384,0.14045595,0.528881,0.02982686],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00026370585,0.000030975836,0.14835027,0.000055103406,0.000054504424,0.0000019045413,0.04946883,0.00006928159,0.00006641406,0.07244872,0.7290161,0.00017419408],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.023395304,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.017386599,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5902454,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013233977,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00028739678,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9973886},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2587902391","doi":"","title":"Self-Reporting in Plagiarism Research: How Honest is This Approach?","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of research practice","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Windsor","funders":"","keywords":"Harm; Psychology; Phenomenon; Reliability (semiconductor); Medical education; Social psychology; Medicine; Epistemology; Power (physics)","score_opus":0.3082897255954191,"score_gpt":0.5172569451949262,"score_spread":0.20896721959950704,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2587902391","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.042573646,0.0015026393,0.0011394273,0.5400162,0.0005945708,0.0006915633,0.000005171132,0.000045829805,0.41343096],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9303091,0.01464845,0.02351668,0.0007061055,0.0037234158,0.000022177455,5.143887e-7,0.000041111813,0.027032424],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.97914976,0.011657159,0.0011671664,0.0003487284,0.006304592,0.0013725745],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9693644,0.022549424,0.0017832827,0.00031903645,0.005469346,0.000514478],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["metaresearch"],"category_scores_codex":[0.2100589,0.00012665632,0.00035052313,0.0011467113,0.0010790493,0.00041015015,0.0011674479,0.0010864519,0.00036371555],"category_scores_gemma":[0.26377133,0.00008502383,0.0001346485,0.0018757809,0.0008917406,0.0036573885,0.00023671189,0.012701214,0.00018555405],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008322547,0.0010585147,0.0103603555,0.00013538566,0.00024173039,0.0023865541,0.15151353,0.0000013067547,0.0021738124,0.04525704,0.7575334,0.028506141],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005163356,0.0001888561,0.00029746327,0.00027842715,0.00001311135,0.00027349067,0.06144582,0.000026690584,0.00043046658,0.0047323937,0.93167114,0.00012582984],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0030599374,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00017262284,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8877355,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009421115,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002922024,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9895765},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"methods","study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"methods","study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"}],"label_agreement":"agree"},{"id":"W2594393013","doi":"10.24908/pceea.v0i0.6536","title":"A Literature Review on the Culture of Cheating in Undergraduate Engineering Programs","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Proceedings of the Canadian Engineering Education Association (CEEA)","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"University of Saskatchewan","keywords":"Cheating; Context (archaeology); Work (physics); Attribution; Academic integrity; Engineering education; Process (computing); Psychology; Engineering ethics; Computer science; Social psychology; Engineering; Engineering management; Geography","score_opus":0.03225482653638319,"score_gpt":0.3116013859181873,"score_spread":0.27934655938180414,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2594393013","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000017452432,0.9798304,4.990594e-7,0.0077090478,0.0009398501,0.001463796,0.000033656368,0.00003145789,0.00997386],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0012384253,0.9949653,0.00012123643,0.00018997924,0.00037728218,0.00018585192,0.00002677437,0.00003295166,0.0028621808],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.998236,0.00005362337,0.0005630059,0.00022238304,0.0005424402,0.00038255128],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99763525,0.00020267394,0.0012856016,0.00017011345,0.00057082175,0.00013556893],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002804097,0.00026554574,0.0006969283,0.0002593385,0.00032281576,0.00017921269,0.0010002492,0.00096780417,0.0000074348513],"category_scores_gemma":[0.010616253,0.00018763449,0.0003169369,0.0009494187,0.000038827406,0.0001913881,0.00003135801,0.0020942432,0.000003988568],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000019716608,0.00016306035,0.0011902906,0.14707483,0.00062999444,8.404681e-7,0.046389233,0.000040848252,0.000006231215,0.23961815,0.12476258,0.44012198],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002203369,0.00000521803,0.000049221075,0.11610625,0.000119529,0.0000013670883,0.00023646661,0.00002066319,0.0000016540872,0.000117523094,0.88314867,0.0001713837],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0079001505,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005091751,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.75838614,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0025631192,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0018675986,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99870634},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2599752520","doi":"10.4103/ija.ija_710_16","title":"Salami publishing and ethical dilemmas facing editors","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Indian Journal of Anaesthesia","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Publishing; Medicine; Similarity (geometry); Kindness; Medical journal; Computer science; Political science; Law; Family medicine; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.025820376005126593,"score_gpt":0.30830774452063936,"score_spread":0.28248736851551276,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2599752520","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.82632196,0.00020100788,0.000261299,0.15925002,0.0022221783,0.000062748266,0.0000026419466,0.00001426745,0.0116638765],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99217844,0.00028764424,0.0006277548,0.0007697118,0.0060310443,2.5873996e-7,2.7160928e-7,0.000006773724,0.0000980721],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984908,0.00027366,0.00029278372,0.000099221186,0.0005664826,0.00027703925],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986409,0.00018535071,0.0005532532,0.00012737678,0.00019344568,0.00029967006],"candidate_categories":["sts","scholarly_communication","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0051281676,0.000084944695,0.00019903283,0.00012034602,0.0014415758,0.0012841751,0.00073068,0.001032399,0.00004606885],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004778305,0.00007257778,0.00008060887,0.000050766743,0.00052808836,0.0014553372,0.000040415012,0.0036195365,0.000007354944],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000867854,0.000038650913,0.2338743,0.000035433968,0.00009874239,0.0024289393,0.18678567,0.0000068757577,0.000098089964,0.115309596,0.16064097,0.30059594],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00065722974,0.00024099734,0.07028195,0.0004972365,0.000053044074,0.0003219866,0.019920306,0.00002146075,0.00014597208,0.032498762,0.87497896,0.00038212087],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013101783,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003230959,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.71433794,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000060056762,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00035101682,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99985844},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2600362709","doi":"","title":"Self-Plagiarism: Some Common Sense, Some Reasonable Accommodation","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Nursing Research","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Accommodation; Psychology; Common sense; Sense (electronics); Social psychology; Philosophy; Engineering; Epistemology; Neuroscience","score_opus":0.11547710679411571,"score_gpt":0.4033734377382912,"score_spread":0.2878963309441755,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2600362709","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8296015,0.004036736,0.000049572685,0.056786917,0.0019188814,0.00033363458,0.000021306243,0.000037823665,0.10721359],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99378425,0.00090524333,0.00063610246,0.0003465592,0.0019735347,0.0000013415308,0.000005265043,0.00001806162,0.002329633],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99597067,0.0013023064,0.0003719122,0.00015676496,0.0012102538,0.0009880996],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99693197,0.00064663956,0.00015498092,0.0001764015,0.0008577822,0.0012322394],"candidate_categories":["sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0071140374,0.000106848776,0.0002453672,0.0007764931,0.0028709865,0.00016837423,0.00058234256,0.0007746189,0.00017708959],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0014261566,0.00010948961,0.000092416456,0.0006396637,0.0010485518,0.0011393505,0.0000118418075,0.0044691,0.000095797724],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007016757,0.0001279807,0.0074928897,0.000020035508,0.000050229028,0.0015942598,0.13428958,0.000039003655,0.00014115869,0.15202132,0.67044616,0.03370722],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009966617,0.00040463964,0.011494708,0.0014200747,0.000053196618,0.0018878897,0.047184214,0.00039884498,0.0006633423,0.26155996,0.6733403,0.00059616554],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.044038367,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.010087022,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.16418271,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0022704385,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.006562069,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9990698},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre":"commentary","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre":"commentary","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"medium"}],"label_agreement":"agree"},{"id":"W2600608324","doi":"10.18260/1-2--640","title":"Promoting Academic Integrity Through An Online Module","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Division of Undergraduate Education; Northern Illinois University","keywords":"Academic dishonesty; Cheating; Academic integrity; Commit; Reputation; Dishonesty; Psychology; Pejorative; Misconduct; Institution; Polling; Public relations; Internet privacy; Social psychology; Computer science; Political science; Law","score_opus":0.14153615882475812,"score_gpt":0.3758022690643087,"score_spread":0.23426611023955057,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2600608324","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.69561386,0.00013945125,0.0061548976,0.1910582,0.000312338,0.0003682629,0.00003347066,0.0006602177,0.10565929],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97779596,0.00026905982,0.006518828,0.01281691,0.0017283134,0.0000033823596,0.00002421494,0.000010852204,0.0008324856],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983799,0.0003222742,0.00024255073,0.00029837512,0.00039136517,0.0003655514],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99937475,0.00011795042,0.00007117928,0.000092481045,0.000091056274,0.00025259703],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009812667,0.00011083364,0.0001611779,0.000014122183,0.00040916936,0.000037092,0.00053583784,0.00089910824,0.0009718252],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0014102296,0.00009642739,0.00005276893,0.00028648722,0.00019478703,0.0010090915,0.000069361595,0.0043198685,0.0001617189],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000030734904,0.0001149009,0.007287841,0.000028700033,0.00002201326,0.000008683865,0.4464634,0.0000070178035,0.0018209107,0.5006905,0.016564704,0.02696056],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00043941918,0.00021714432,0.0011876574,0.000066318615,0.000033322212,0.0000035235046,0.077565536,0.016893616,0.0034229304,0.07995815,0.8195399,0.00067245646],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0054600067,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00090153934,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.80297524,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005063786,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00020508634,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999414},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2605728678","doi":"","title":"Ma Students' Viewpoints about Academic Misconduct, Its Reasons and Anti-Plagiarism Policies and Procedures in Iran","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Modern Journal of Language Teaching Methods","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Popularity; Misconduct; Academic integrity; Psychology; Viewpoints; The Internet; Higher education; Public relations; Medical education; Political science; Social psychology; Law; Computer science; Medicine; World Wide Web","score_opus":0.04879961989108166,"score_gpt":0.43977940953979267,"score_spread":0.390979789648711,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2605728678","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96155995,0.0134765105,0.017536968,0.005824505,0.0001915635,0.0001634399,0.000008239067,0.000024691715,0.0012141498],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.973588,0.003719833,0.020675369,0.00054027996,0.00041685914,0.0000022795805,2.479581e-7,0.000019487512,0.0010376594],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99510616,0.0031143902,0.0005658035,0.00023519463,0.00054583827,0.0004325974],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99791753,0.0012633288,0.00041117915,0.000109157794,0.000057511425,0.00024127601],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.016837476,0.00019461496,0.00046961594,0.00029827564,0.00033878745,0.00009842966,0.0005293705,0.000674098,0.00003639847],"category_scores_gemma":[0.007452237,0.0001305769,0.000070057285,0.000111271605,0.0002751534,0.0006604796,0.000119222146,0.00323102,0.0000017420508],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006894061,0.00006697276,0.07591037,0.00008215228,0.00008835354,0.00009623852,0.5530268,0.0000037658428,0.082359485,0.0037520952,0.00047977892,0.28406507],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.013790865,0.00077209546,0.41404247,0.017919304,0.0009831622,0.00402613,0.35228777,0.0006100427,0.024924133,0.118710056,0.04766733,0.0042666197],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00088109286,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00023542035,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3381321,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009586968,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013462425,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99906856},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2606134377","doi":"10.18260/1-2--23192","title":"The Writing Style of Predatory Publishers","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"U.S. Department of Defense; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Style (visual arts); Deception; Writing style; Misconduct; Computer science; Psychology; Literature; Political science; Social psychology; Art; Law","score_opus":0.032226540765886116,"score_gpt":0.28883387192855997,"score_spread":0.25660733116267387,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2606134377","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.025803972,0.00014581892,0.00039111427,0.060795374,0.0001312107,0.00008720426,0.0000025731351,0.000057400895,0.9125853],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9948467,0.000039546,0.00017974223,0.0017119042,0.0002441986,0.0000013079749,5.2617304e-7,0.0000020232894,0.0029740366],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993511,0.00012086627,0.000109889355,0.00006321438,0.00022628288,0.00012868969],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994464,0.00034116177,0.000041516036,0.00004322145,0.000063329564,0.00006439052],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011611544,0.000026151829,0.000045630288,0.0000053213053,0.0003234846,0.00008146102,0.00028221004,0.00015100498,0.00049619365],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0013431709,0.00001771607,0.000027885679,0.000121686455,0.00019816397,0.00029924102,0.00002961158,0.00039208058,0.000024563646],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009235709,0.0000061420046,0.003821426,0.000008904518,0.000015519585,5.645547e-7,0.04746432,0.0000019758434,0.00014494914,0.57378906,0.35538274,0.01935518],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004118774,0.000009114138,0.00020261857,0.0000033010067,0.0000024515816,5.107496e-8,0.08993659,0.00013702374,0.00023169955,0.0012915845,0.9081072,0.000037169466],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010185736,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00023152001,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9690427,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000105808,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010041452,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5432973},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2606622294","doi":"10.1016/j.wneu.2017.04.014","title":"Retraction of Neurosurgical Publications: A Systematic Review","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"World Neurosurgery","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":53,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Hospital for Sick Children; University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Medicine; Medical physics; General surgery","score_opus":0.19839670561503756,"score_gpt":0.43591784524125055,"score_spread":0.237521139626213,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2606622294","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[5.9199774e-8,0.9568718,0.0000041940707,0.0014608718,0.0022660769,0.0020357012,0.000044049764,0.0001142303,0.037202984],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.000003546899,0.9661994,0.000007160917,0.00056411995,0.0004686866,0.00030785374,0.00004379641,0.0000391534,0.03236627],"study_design_codex":"systematic_review","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9928511,0.0032403932,0.0020246492,0.0005123936,0.0009502571,0.00042120233],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9909487,0.0039996766,0.0035054889,0.0011099417,0.00024323745,0.00019300685],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0071492493,0.00036606833,0.003628759,0.0005774342,0.0006368819,0.00017367465,0.0011827481,0.001071918,0.00031904393],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02124418,0.00030256415,0.0012752147,0.0010829,0.00039614757,0.00039546023,0.000092206144,0.0032057797,0.00022421558],"study_design_candidate":"systematic_review","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000001107744,0.000045053326,0.000004902614,0.87841135,0.00004510441,0.000016097452,0.000042139363,8.0567135e-9,3.0070204e-8,0.008817095,0.07308352,0.039533574],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009491111,0.0000026705738,7.1867214e-7,0.35171396,0.0007662855,0.000027141581,0.0000032456219,1.6133052e-7,3.697217e-8,0.000041335137,0.6472807,0.00015425975],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00011561689,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000059472437,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5741972,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000111234396,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008649607,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99994266},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"evaluation","study_design":"systematic_review","genre":"review","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"methods","study_design":"systematic_review","genre":"review","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"}],"label_agreement":"agree"},{"id":"W2609387831","doi":"10.5430/jnep.v7n9p107","title":"Improving knowledge, skills, and attitudes of the nursing faculty members and postgraduate students towards plagiarism in academic writing","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Nursing Education and Practice","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Mansoura University","keywords":"Interview; Psychology; Medical education; Positive correlation; Sample (material); Schedule; Scale (ratio); Nursing; Medicine; Internal medicine; Sociology; Computer science","score_opus":0.09015827338278433,"score_gpt":0.5041274045002521,"score_spread":0.41396913111746775,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2609387831","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95257443,0.0029894332,0.000030716707,0.031053098,0.001188179,0.000119741,0.0000019827082,0.0000028864952,0.012039515],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99561864,0.0021989986,0.0013377725,0.00017202833,0.00032204547,7.7843725e-7,3.5994552e-7,0.000005320753,0.00034405058],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99856377,0.00049365085,0.00033407705,0.00011356866,0.00034524366,0.00014971718],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99798393,0.0005612995,0.0009750384,0.00008226874,0.0002959285,0.00010153299],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0045267777,0.00008224209,0.0001583135,0.000091154296,0.0011225801,0.00020091498,0.00027608557,0.00030271252,0.0000032832677],"category_scores_gemma":[0.007152953,0.00006582348,0.000026597241,0.00007478026,0.00048952544,0.0010490735,0.00004759553,0.0014920528,1.8380338e-7],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000088451336,0.00103847,0.10143543,0.000056636225,0.000038638933,0.0000014073372,0.284772,9.5331825e-7,0.00041356724,0.0028623117,0.002908496,0.6063836],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00064722303,0.00006479254,0.89048,0.0040449426,0.00019158426,0.00044439433,0.09211669,0.000038445545,0.00016715273,0.0021205146,0.009516808,0.00016745763],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00090572704,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000058226437,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.78904456,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014190498,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005662855,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8634092},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2612995190","doi":"10.11575/prism/31620","title":"Academic Integrity and plagiarism: Supplementary materials for educator workshops","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Open MIND","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Calgary","keywords":"Academic integrity; Academic dishonesty; Mathematics education; Pedagogy; Engineering ethics; Computer science; Higher education; Sociology; Psychology; Political science; Engineering; Law","score_opus":0.09214868474286698,"score_gpt":0.41951267966739614,"score_spread":0.32736399492452917,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2612995190","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.93027496,0.0000894296,0.00009284775,0.04097333,0.0014752444,0.0013127953,0.0007914533,0.0000027980764,0.024987148],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9813784,0.00030181228,0.008114792,0.0005088844,0.0012197642,0.00007788051,0.00007924751,0.000013646044,0.008305584],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99856144,0.0001670273,0.00026649373,0.00034606157,0.00025905407,0.000399914],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988975,0.00032758628,0.0002267511,0.00027305857,0.000096855954,0.00017828484],"candidate_categories":["sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005262396,0.0001335538,0.00024726306,0.00003470224,0.0019695887,0.00085170264,0.0014662954,0.0010043979,0.008136174],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0016222798,0.00012446726,0.000034339548,0.00002836354,0.00045518155,0.0007039192,0.0004105694,0.0015759127,0.0000938766],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00053605856,0.00012294303,0.020419206,0.000041525178,0.00014471496,0.0000104762,0.08181637,1.397731e-7,0.0067954944,0.033986602,0.3790188,0.47710767],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00046489437,0.000026655438,0.0013795502,0.000080968035,0.000042140724,0.0000027005772,0.0130816465,0.000003689886,0.010464364,0.009362327,0.9648577,0.00023335568],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.012881486,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0044258367,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5858389,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000089765235,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005681879,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9993297},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2613383989","doi":"10.1186/s41073-017-0031-1","title":"Retractions in cancer research: a systematic survey","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Research Integrity and Peer Review","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":83,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Juravinski Hospital; Hamilton Health Sciences; McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Impact factor; MEDLINE; Medicine; Descriptive statistics; Family medicine; Library science; Computer science; Political science; Law; Statistics","score_opus":0.7171569621897869,"score_gpt":0.63058816574139,"score_spread":0.08656879644839688,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2613383989","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.025447747,0.27862105,0.000019988012,0.4800517,0.0008498012,0.0055266935,0.00024247156,0.00006567856,0.20917487],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.41262174,0.55493337,0.000038821465,0.00031545412,0.00031695477,0.00038000938,0.000012766293,0.00001250483,0.031368412],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9799778,0.014581808,0.00049649325,0.0004221336,0.0035750358,0.00094671664],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9898578,0.0051021925,0.00013535017,0.0006634606,0.0039051077,0.00033608323],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["metaresearch"],"category_scores_codex":[0.20593694,0.000118204545,0.00054206856,0.0002662322,0.003627497,0.00061263575,0.0012495943,0.00068248494,0.00067085744],"category_scores_gemma":[0.18218885,0.00009390079,0.000072837705,0.0006902989,0.0015855392,0.00058770436,0.0002651946,0.012058276,0.00023499041],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000077563935,0.00033084696,0.045576405,0.10118412,0.000102334874,0.00013007555,0.016087122,1.4349244e-7,0.000024088702,0.2321558,0.586793,0.017538488],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00022711788,0.00006871347,0.044086847,0.13819627,0.0000253786,0.000011845185,0.0044836635,0.00003720691,0.000011721232,0.019517995,0.79300547,0.00032779225],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.36742365,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.25025675,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.47973627,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003865078,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0011345779,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99766964},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2613540590","doi":"","title":"Cultural differences regarding expected utilities and costs of plagiarism between high trust- and low-trust-societies: Preliminary results of an international survey study","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Southern Denmark Research Portal (University of Southern Denmark)","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Centre for International Governance Innovation","funders":"","keywords":"Business; World Values Survey; Public relations; Internet privacy; Psychology; Social psychology; Political science; Computer science","score_opus":0.043798957141229874,"score_gpt":0.28793216469859617,"score_spread":0.24413320755736628,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2613540590","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9897516,0.00007907592,0.000020602998,0.00018858675,0.000043651966,0.0006274284,0.0030493168,0.000020913278,0.0062188203],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99332076,0.00023458409,0.00023909307,0.0000027411627,0.000042338463,2.096533e-7,0.00009515072,0.0000123530735,0.006052768],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.99538374,0.0017378301,0.000387264,0.0005226657,0.0015161851,0.00045232032],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99592215,0.0013346426,0.0005906579,0.0003186773,0.0015414627,0.00029238875],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003891396,0.00022656807,0.00063514494,0.0004371911,0.00075418124,0.000044596803,0.0012096361,0.00069820794,0.001432158],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00080369326,0.00025220917,0.00013270852,0.00047209088,0.0038869418,0.0006961722,0.00061480067,0.0010676652,0.000020595893],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0017675926,0.0002859544,0.67939,0.00008466522,0.00044920942,0.00003015533,0.31456134,0.0000020346454,0.00018401437,0.00022035636,0.0008775624,0.0021471297],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001435279,0.00042346734,0.25916892,0.0001693778,0.000063542386,0.0000013617388,0.7380609,0.000108688815,0.000031532843,0.000302792,0.000054861222,0.00017929847],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.21326315,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01308503,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.42349952,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000878591,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002462142,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999993},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2614545665","doi":"10.1101/139063","title":"Modeling science trustworthiness under publish or perish pressure","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Trustworthiness; Incentive; Publish or perish; Diligence; Publication; Value (mathematics); Psychology; Research integrity; Political science; Public relations; Computer science; Social psychology; Publishing; Economics; Law","score_opus":0.03795160571044067,"score_gpt":0.2917620869855767,"score_spread":0.25381048127513606,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2614545665","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.933681,0.004565956,0.021008424,0.0113527635,0.01975391,0.0031343068,0.00066131476,0.0023761177,0.0034662122],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9933967,0.000789265,0.0022837834,0.00047497972,0.0025468676,0.000113605995,2.6019404e-7,0.0000901259,0.00030443433],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9941032,0.00034952187,0.0006316659,0.0016284694,0.0019009026,0.0013862601],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9944148,0.00013339467,0.00059655146,0.0019068179,0.0022406175,0.0007078249],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","scholarly_communication","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0071743787,0.00062046794,0.00073634996,0.0004189027,0.0037933146,0.0035083797,0.004468031,0.002901277,0.00034270124],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00510822,0.00059451367,0.0002038652,0.00077590096,0.001834912,0.0019908503,0.0013881471,0.0048761074,0.00006392684],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0012683645,0.0022213222,0.04873573,0.0057490836,0.0032126277,0.0010197728,0.016079668,0.0809442,0.10332296,0.68548626,0.05175052,0.00020947894],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003525114,0.0001988876,0.03830468,0.0071187876,0.0022024934,2.0079153e-7,0.0020927985,0.25164807,0.020167155,0.0015020501,0.6591187,0.014121046],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005050073,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00026100143,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6839842,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005019435,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.009264498,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996506},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2614821346","doi":"","title":"Evidence Summary: The Launch of a Joint Library/Writing Centre Online Course on Academic Integrity","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Mount Royal University Institutional Repository (Mount Royal University)","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Mount Royal University","funders":"","keywords":"Course (navigation); Academic integrity; Joint (building); Computer science; Aeronautics; Political science; Engineering; Library science; Architectural engineering","score_opus":0.0279143789685282,"score_gpt":0.23785488227669357,"score_spread":0.20994050330816538,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2614821346","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7357905,0.00022522493,0.0008959016,0.007289864,0.0009330002,0.0004750244,0.00021640328,0.00025117284,0.2539229],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.94983613,0.0002214349,0.00023967896,0.00035695915,0.0006242266,1.7216023e-7,0.000047612066,0.000011534947,0.04866227],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99611056,0.0012248597,0.00036671036,0.0005990197,0.0011273525,0.00057152135],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9974772,0.0009848723,0.00040551333,0.0003779976,0.00041583605,0.00033857833],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001181956,0.00032367426,0.00038972215,0.00029204792,0.0030939972,0.00007182587,0.0014883339,0.0009517084,0.0002371995],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00058692246,0.00031345146,0.00030243132,0.0006749629,0.0021256302,0.00082770427,0.00042613785,0.0034701189,0.000047148038],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00049124775,0.0003306319,0.0105119785,0.000063331805,0.00010599159,0.0002838588,0.0028439204,0.0048554796,0.00016900565,0.9733463,0.006348991,0.0006492847],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008832619,0.00018310503,0.015911354,0.0012602533,0.00027105422,0.000011835151,0.021224173,0.0050972495,0.00045743247,0.00057956704,0.95348644,0.0006342676],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.015465118,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011092621,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9727667,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0018793077,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0018256349,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99993175},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2620664699","doi":"10.1017/cjn.2017.84","title":"C.06 Retraction of scientific publications in neurosurgery","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Systems, Applications & Products in Data Processing (Canada); Toronto Public Health","funders":"","keywords":"Impact factor; Neurosurgery; MEDLINE; Medicine; Data extraction; Misattribution of memory; Scientific misconduct; Family medicine; Alternative medicine; Surgery; Political science; Psychiatry; Pathology; Law","score_opus":0.0743255195744261,"score_gpt":0.32388761057128634,"score_spread":0.24956209099686025,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2620664699","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95754385,0.00033653184,0.000017255988,0.018608224,0.002478144,0.00013389469,0.000011455493,0.000011738928,0.020858899],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976512,0.00041632628,0.00059916003,0.0007384767,0.00037029252,0.0000017303165,3.0598815e-7,0.0000065033983,0.00021599873],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.994277,0.0016002806,0.0010770574,0.00048270856,0.0012585281,0.0013044483],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99444425,0.0010713193,0.0018711973,0.00027046766,0.0009410189,0.0014017449],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts","scholarly_communication","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.021140413,0.00022216662,0.0004720764,0.001765098,0.0111190835,0.0023160062,0.004193152,0.0005685617,0.00023735019],"category_scores_gemma":[0.023693027,0.00016805455,0.00024189978,0.0015104507,0.023200398,0.0032997478,0.00007987393,0.0029729102,0.0000049016658],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016974827,0.000029008002,0.9787042,0.0000034881327,0.0000041912817,0.0005269606,0.0013474901,0.0002686875,0.000048446003,0.014116363,0.0021761814,0.002758012],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00026281408,0.006469312,0.86308455,0.0000887334,0.000026643156,0.0026462309,0.0014333695,0.00047040018,0.00012272227,0.07035516,0.05466868,0.0003714104],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.014873269,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.32834655,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.31347328,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00026757235,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.007880698,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99932724},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"evaluation","study_design":"systematic_review","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["metaresearch","bibliometrics","scholarly_communication","research_integrity"],"domain":"evaluation","study_design":"systematic_review","genre":"review","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W2620666811","doi":"10.1111/anae.13938","title":"Data fabrication and other reasons for non‐random sampling in 5087 randomised, controlled trials in anaesthetic and general medical journals","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Anaesthesia","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":228,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Medicine; Anesthesiology; Clinical trial; Randomized controlled trial; Confidence interval; Family medicine; Anesthesia; Surgery; Internal medicine","score_opus":0.13969656512959383,"score_gpt":0.4244541306113014,"score_spread":0.28475756548170755,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2620666811","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94961125,0.0034963202,0.0051088417,0.03657452,0.00017612895,0.0026903604,0.000044874767,0.000018538214,0.0022791706],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98941356,0.007365178,0.0015276393,0.0009510833,0.00046928143,0.0001027038,0.000010008227,0.000013378124,0.00014718361],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"randomized_trial","domain_scores_codex":[0.99702424,0.0012699534,0.00074163446,0.0003058875,0.0003505409,0.00030772193],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99629605,0.002572555,0.0005427586,0.00034755605,0.00006340763,0.00017770025],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":["metaresearch"],"category_scores_codex":[0.03947083,0.00012649775,0.0010127047,0.00013980875,0.0005554687,0.00025946033,0.0006035573,0.0005204164,0.000048066362],"category_scores_gemma":[0.03867983,0.00009662853,0.00008690206,0.000064893225,0.00031442198,0.00035900614,0.00005556186,0.0004868779,0.0000016733484],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.018353127,0.0002407854,0.32705137,0.000053695287,0.00021172302,0.000062257604,0.018025832,0.000014920569,0.00013062231,0.0485281,0.006719492,0.58060807],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.4591722,0.00031166844,0.14590752,0.0016887233,0.00060411455,0.000048564336,0.0058219396,0.0543988,0.00003310592,0.06848922,0.26211786,0.00140628],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007319272,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009731719,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5792018,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003082495,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00023502595,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99929106},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2623025047","doi":"","title":"Accidental Plagiarism in Higher Education, Part II","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AUSpace (Athabasca University)","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Paraphrase; Accidental; Citation; Psychology; Mathematics education; Perception; Higher education; Pedagogy; Social psychology; Computer science; Artificial intelligence; World Wide Web","score_opus":0.01852048591483077,"score_gpt":0.2506582751077896,"score_spread":0.23213778919295883,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2623025047","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.3183276,0.00005508206,0.00009550312,0.025537321,0.0013916595,0.00017418593,0.000004452856,0.0000923371,0.65432185],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6894611,0.00007628386,0.00021916303,0.00062517566,0.00046807673,6.875142e-7,0.000010122733,0.0000069687594,0.3091324],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986498,0.00033681674,0.00010313043,0.00027157305,0.00029357438,0.00034515915],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993583,0.00014489512,0.00007942294,0.00017003962,0.00008123409,0.0001661084],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00068003574,0.000117402495,0.00013972599,0.00027260135,0.0006064617,0.000037146026,0.0005299734,0.00062532094,0.0019184033],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017394162,0.00014070516,0.00006552366,0.00052586786,0.0001860165,0.00049070735,0.00014296958,0.00084829377,0.0001785249],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000215154,0.00011908331,0.043598004,0.0000043954683,0.0000128700685,0.000007730983,0.011820754,0.0000040994796,0.000019692494,0.78076994,0.1617608,0.0018610933],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000249947,0.000026685815,0.012410412,0.000035439014,0.000012464377,8.199826e-7,0.008075552,0.0000048639617,0.00003688753,0.0029811782,0.9759857,0.00018002964],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.012720603,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.013946141,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8142249,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00030017717,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00038870928,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.998994},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2729321853","doi":"10.1152/advan.00103.2016","title":"Cheating after the test: who does it and how often?","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AJP Advances in Physiology Education","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Commit; Test (biology); Misconduct; Psychology; Academic dishonesty; Academic integrity; Educational measurement; Medical education; Medicine; Social psychology; Curriculum; Computer science; Pedagogy","score_opus":0.00971868359661919,"score_gpt":0.340190351939351,"score_spread":0.3304716683427318,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2729321853","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.87997437,0.0020583807,0.000015059959,0.09392864,0.0014440762,0.00022266502,0.0000037215727,0.000014792544,0.02233827],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99222136,0.002932854,0.00021778849,0.0016813815,0.00075192086,0.00006815669,0.0000017145599,0.000003357167,0.0021214893],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99934834,0.00013909445,0.00007815425,0.00017479155,0.00008005525,0.00017954483],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989937,0.0006053665,0.00012884232,0.00019087037,0.00005365419,0.000027588607],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005244519,0.000067336616,0.000096484284,0.000021779515,0.00078876957,0.00006474025,0.00028610366,0.00019160466,0.000038084912],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0023275686,0.000042278338,0.000016659811,0.000039388076,0.0006969267,0.00068903423,0.00004577194,0.00043012114,0.000006481638],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007954039,0.0001855042,0.39775488,0.000080212136,0.000017091008,0.0000010393474,0.1314129,0.0000065207646,0.0027802668,0.0504703,0.0078381905,0.40937355],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00011857979,0.000027388753,0.4263224,0.00012875962,0.000010838699,0.0000013178408,0.03622572,0.000046127923,0.00023713487,0.22256258,0.31413543,0.00018372644],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00058322254,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0024777807,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.40918982,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000033089967,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00011810898,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6066658},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2738756398","doi":"10.3138/jvme.0816-126r2","title":"Using a Modified Bookmark Procedure to Help Identify Reasonable Consequences for Academic Integrity Violations","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Veterinary Medical Education","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Misconduct; Sanctions; Variety (cybernetics); Psychology; Academic integrity; Compliance (psychology); Variation (astronomy); Research integrity; Computer science; Medical education; Applied psychology; Political science; Public relations; Social psychology; Law; Medicine; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.24550936306463003,"score_gpt":0.5075909073258358,"score_spread":0.2620815442612058,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2738756398","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.92794836,0.0003382879,0.00941334,0.0568181,0.0028838657,0.00039427233,0.000007375906,0.000012993263,0.0021833917],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9897939,0.00028719395,0.005933074,0.0011725737,0.002189867,0.000019041361,0.0000026446949,0.0000076483175,0.00059407187],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981065,0.00023512621,0.0004987948,0.00015296516,0.000747053,0.000259611],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978432,0.000311064,0.0006561702,0.0001404983,0.0005684591,0.0004806143],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004668053,0.00009991312,0.00022181419,0.00012815867,0.001256288,0.0001330515,0.0008128215,0.000710068,0.00019618188],"category_scores_gemma":[0.025826842,0.00008801,0.000105682724,0.000088818495,0.00039740273,0.00085006293,0.000053406857,0.0018049993,0.000005756522],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0037773147,0.0018019042,0.03535453,0.00094678305,0.0004362194,0.00017952577,0.12002719,0.00014542359,0.043261077,0.17963322,0.3949168,0.21952],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0026048175,0.002269378,0.042465627,0.010149514,0.00048219482,0.0033590856,0.06324396,0.0071451855,0.0010966136,0.2327098,0.63305455,0.0014192901],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010950514,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008608356,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.23813774,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022125537,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0062775137,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999356},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2741870589","doi":"10.5539/ies.v10n8p40","title":"Why Do College Students Cheat? A Structural Equation Modeling Validation of the Theory of Planned Behavior","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Education Studies","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Theory of planned behavior; Structural equation modeling; Psychology; Variance (accounting); Test (biology); Sample (material); Social psychology; Academic dishonesty; Mathematics education; Control (management); Statistics; Mathematics; Computer science","score_opus":0.12057075620960946,"score_gpt":0.45223663055131247,"score_spread":0.331665874341703,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2741870589","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9868768,0.00020256708,0.00029904832,0.004150829,0.004094823,0.00024549526,0.00005025511,0.0000079722,0.004072205],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998399,0.000120882636,0.00018445298,0.00014278894,0.0002546713,0.000039322626,0.00000948383,0.0000038516605,0.00084552297],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986416,0.00016830636,0.00028985922,0.00012046601,0.00069459574,0.00008515665],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99789757,0.00018829932,0.00045088853,0.00017146218,0.001271928,0.000019876094],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00093360455,0.00007094127,0.00012344596,0.000065197375,0.00068405893,0.000049553873,0.0007367506,0.00011448913,0.00006053103],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0031045878,0.000054569067,0.000064306994,0.00005503509,0.00029714592,0.00035250132,0.0001216657,0.0001832276,0.0000018880646],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015145597,0.00026700168,0.5318287,0.000036804144,0.00040099505,2.2282411e-7,0.092201985,0.00041093028,0.00075481203,0.3647136,0.0038814475,0.0053520463],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001367732,0.000095076335,0.24942334,0.0010029199,0.00043716774,0.0000047122503,0.38948643,0.0020417701,0.01569695,0.33314726,0.0067314333,0.00056521024],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011676976,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00014796857,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.29728445,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010405844,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022285272,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5261298},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2744776047","doi":"10.1080/0309877x.2017.1359504","title":"Literature reviews, citations and intertextuality in graduate student writing","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Further and Higher Education","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","keywords":"Intertextuality; Citation; Rhetorical question; Academic dishonesty; Sociology; Focus (optics); Academic writing; Pedagogy; Psychology; Linguistics; Computer science; Cheating","score_opus":0.08787646325849159,"score_gpt":0.4380383426637672,"score_spread":0.3501618794052756,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2744776047","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94690347,0.01071465,0.000013709143,0.031726394,0.0008162975,0.000094340976,0.0000011852072,0.0000020758855,0.009727858],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9909155,0.006581772,0.00025103116,0.00038709922,0.0006164499,0.0000020103,5.938045e-7,0.0000021274798,0.0012434159],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99929863,0.00019524533,0.00023863195,0.00006085307,0.00013135585,0.000075308315],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999369,0.000069354996,0.00029520324,0.000059293667,0.00014833076,0.000058777932],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0018434514,0.00004613469,0.00011675089,0.00006296168,0.00028727503,0.00025773104,0.00012094148,0.00011015133,0.000037967126],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020326271,0.00003652103,0.000025169758,0.00004184031,0.00009008414,0.0004626995,0.000014048202,0.000497007,0.0000014883102],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000023025892,0.00019718632,0.3060044,0.00007440377,0.000026970907,0.0000038040318,0.44540855,1.2981008e-7,0.000083426276,0.054844383,0.009266654,0.18406706],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00013291813,0.000015787902,0.9249152,0.0004989289,0.00001524594,0.000006239255,0.013014995,4.882365e-7,0.000002172517,0.0154690165,0.045874905,0.000054119624],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00030566266,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00019971446,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6189108,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003145841,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008072136,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.24853064},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2746226332","doi":"10.5539/hes.v7n3p161","title":"A Review of Literature: Plagiarism in the Papers of Turkish Context","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Higher Education Studies","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Turkish; Context (archaeology); Perception; Psychology; Graduate students; Content analysis; Pedagogy; Sociology; Social science; Geography; Linguistics","score_opus":0.20295284461317314,"score_gpt":0.5003978328777278,"score_spread":0.2974449882645546,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2746226332","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0000012459041,0.951174,5.2421733e-8,0.0030691696,0.0016898469,0.0006651271,0.000027093027,0.000005273909,0.043368183],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00009818164,0.9925112,0.000019772493,0.0014783732,0.00054961344,0.00019232585,0.000034653185,0.000008797872,0.0051070834],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99735177,0.001159188,0.0007117756,0.0002193283,0.00038603574,0.00017191448],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99712723,0.000954687,0.0010932902,0.00040093786,0.00039589676,0.000027967924],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002666776,0.00021176782,0.001368945,0.000112282745,0.00023489248,0.00002899836,0.0008057742,0.00071144686,0.00008177059],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010066379,0.00012905661,0.00032131877,0.00039794127,0.0005657773,0.000082779705,0.00005531436,0.0012740319,0.000010111689],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000001525006,0.00008224299,0.000016500406,0.08361968,0.0001934437,6.419937e-7,0.02299068,1.9005133e-9,2.6712303e-8,0.05022004,0.23831359,0.6045616],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000022843511,0.00000690022,0.000023790253,0.18217185,0.00025844696,0.0000011876447,0.0044468585,5.6670413e-10,4.8352092e-8,0.00027768087,0.8126935,0.00009690224],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000513355,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000979705,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6044647,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006784866,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0010473811,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5535106},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2747279489","doi":"10.19173/irrodl.v18i5.3103","title":"Using Learning Analytics for Preserving Academic Integrity","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":61,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Learning analytics; Academic integrity; Computer science; Baseline (sea); Analytics; Data integrity; Accountability; Class (philosophy); Process (computing); Data science; Artificial intelligence; Machine learning; Database","score_opus":0.38356790077370195,"score_gpt":0.5714244209153055,"score_spread":0.1878565201416036,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2747279489","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.34034258,0.060646966,0.02208765,0.30920494,0.0013444424,0.0079992935,0.00030854935,0.00009243772,0.25797313],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.93575597,0.06171786,0.0005378859,0.00013556056,0.00024205178,0.000035897665,0.00004637961,0.000008308298,0.0015201112],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99715954,0.0010979556,0.00037425046,0.00022056338,0.0007984362,0.0003492763],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99632806,0.0023595314,0.00034826752,0.0001949454,0.00068499654,0.000084211744],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["metaresearch"],"category_scores_codex":[0.028864495,0.00008305464,0.00024931412,0.00009023338,0.0019537348,0.0003853181,0.0027573982,0.00022272118,0.0001339729],"category_scores_gemma":[0.05010363,0.00006375561,0.00006176615,0.00018789916,0.0006125539,0.0005634464,0.0011573405,0.0045350064,0.0000034113655],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00035854126,0.00009615075,0.4807711,0.0028774452,0.00017925011,0.000013676935,0.005022137,0.00078837207,0.00029046854,0.43389782,0.010441001,0.065264046],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00095448503,0.00008717952,0.009756181,0.026174096,0.00004608824,0.000007988698,0.0250193,0.04953163,0.000113499,0.04196587,0.8460433,0.0003004072],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.010301819,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00029841377,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8356023,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018011771,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00045207076,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999884},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2749837437","doi":"10.1097/mej.0000000000000491","title":"A systematic review of retracted publications in emergency medicine","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"European Journal of Emergency Medicine","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":48,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Hotel Dieu Hospital","funders":"","keywords":"MEDLINE; Web of science; Impact factor; Scientific misconduct; Medicine; Library science; Alternative medicine; Family medicine; Meta-analysis; Computer science; Political science; Pathology; Law","score_opus":0.2404835463844387,"score_gpt":0.4691043373144579,"score_spread":0.2286207909300192,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2749837437","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[3.7289635e-7,0.8325224,0.000059306465,0.0044872505,0.005774608,0.0009479719,0.000011505401,0.000013496752,0.1561831],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0000054794973,0.9829896,0.00003234522,0.000047816553,0.0035727152,0.000009949979,0.000033257198,0.000049549562,0.01325927],"study_design_codex":"systematic_review","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9812311,0.0072970157,0.008982517,0.0003096637,0.0017464468,0.00043325857],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9830571,0.0005123418,0.01340208,0.0008232299,0.0018212453,0.00038401262],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["metaresearch"],"category_scores_codex":[0.041825302,0.00047088083,0.0050088204,0.0009791482,0.00027499106,0.000004232742,0.0028923855,0.00041690326,0.014705242],"category_scores_gemma":[0.08049161,0.00028623332,0.0007969971,0.0015282024,0.00043750854,0.00033794154,0.000081632905,0.0036980738,0.000076165095],"study_design_candidate":"systematic_review","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000030917172,0.000058640948,0.000012079215,0.7294123,0.00031325477,0.000038995655,0.0035357086,1.708586e-8,4.662286e-7,0.0016236007,0.2516134,0.013388387],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009400236,0.00009921139,0.000012546166,0.47772473,0.0016135824,0.000019298335,0.0003064903,1.286729e-7,7.2156054e-9,0.000077117365,0.5199312,0.00012167799],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00025717897,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000067756795,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2683178,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015958854,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00060881994,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999959},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2751819158","doi":"10.1145/3098279.3098568","title":"Assessing the usability of smartwatches for academic cheating during exams","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Smartwatch; Usability; Wearable computer; Computer science; Internet privacy; Psychology; Human–computer interaction; Applied psychology; Social psychology","score_opus":0.1095055098366186,"score_gpt":0.4288213625561918,"score_spread":0.3193158527195732,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2751819158","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9343295,0.000033492124,0.001034553,0.0069930227,0.00022051939,0.0002337523,0.0000021613453,0.000028074584,0.057124943],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9968994,0.000029991923,0.0008790949,0.00008096116,0.0004520325,0.000012026512,4.7265164e-7,0.000004191103,0.0016417966],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989949,0.0001417391,0.00022983199,0.00014616364,0.00023246945,0.00025493506],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99839324,0.001007564,0.00023667084,0.00023977309,0.00007934286,0.000043430184],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005009688,0.00006405759,0.0001290251,0.000011748691,0.0028473446,0.00014561556,0.0006788862,0.000412487,0.00007762491],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005560343,0.000042811116,0.00007385877,0.00003284615,0.0006698379,0.00066289044,0.000082189,0.00074086763,0.0000030412707],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000028695064,0.00003953229,0.71633667,0.00017936323,0.000049986626,6.5424825e-7,0.07789558,0.000014296526,0.018330842,0.120080665,0.0010584038,0.065985285],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00063492404,0.000028867444,0.71682477,0.00026621335,0.00006803666,0.0000026548762,0.10892556,0.0011260253,0.08072663,0.071509466,0.019440245,0.0004465807],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0056944774,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00059544866,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.065538704,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000047581027,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00011599779,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9984508},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2753487506","doi":"10.1017/s1062798717000229","title":"No, Prime Minister: PhD Plagiarism of High Level Public Officials","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"European Review","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Université de Montréal; Commonwealth of Massachusetts","keywords":"Dictatorship; Authoritarianism; Prime minister; Democracy; Politics; Political science; Nationalism; Language change; German; Political culture; Law; State (computer science); Romanian; Political economy; Sociology; Economic history; History","score_opus":0.1689703419926334,"score_gpt":0.35765168311427004,"score_spread":0.18868134112163665,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2753487506","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0017122034,0.028495647,0.00021671942,0.017027969,0.0009949763,0.000525532,0.00006192444,0.000067302535,0.95089775],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.68881315,0.20446986,0.0022976624,0.010074932,0.0027065605,0.000010535386,0.00004434618,0.00007724197,0.09150572],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9968614,0.001455973,0.0005603116,0.00027535573,0.00049493724,0.00035202087],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99794924,0.00017134273,0.00073569943,0.0006896962,0.00029413568,0.00015987623],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.007127596,0.00015614682,0.00047951657,0.00003690759,0.00083321676,0.00014152638,0.001574255,0.00022415252,0.0013112682],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006242443,0.00013500701,0.00016749123,0.00008446951,0.0005180407,0.00033821832,0.00022452268,0.0008382291,0.0027395096],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001307184,0.00015440724,0.0008170079,0.0014525698,0.000096000105,0.00006072546,0.0030133089,5.0590803e-8,0.000167217,0.23887815,0.38434052,0.37100697],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000108955035,0.00002263192,0.003084363,0.0016519657,0.000041830936,0.0000019216818,0.000039430637,5.149515e-7,0.000043934753,0.00027169316,0.9945701,0.00016269683],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009209763,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000098811826,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.859392,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000336509,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022403481,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99960166},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"qualitative","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"qualitative","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"}],"label_agreement":"agree"},{"id":"W2757393902","doi":"10.5465/amp.2015.0167","title":"Reflections on Scientific Misconduct in Management: Unfortunate Incidents or a Normative Crisis?","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Academy of Management Perspectives","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":46,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta; University of Toronto; McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Argument (complex analysis); Scholarship; Misconduct; Conformity; Normative; Anticipation (artificial intelligence); Political science; Competition (biology); Ideology; Legitimacy; Perspective (graphical); Sociology; Public relations; Law; Politics","score_opus":0.11701283965169058,"score_gpt":0.4442210726609626,"score_spread":0.32720823300927204,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2757393902","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.1132707,0.00013967317,0.00009971431,0.02111487,0.00043661418,0.0010236872,0.000017763557,0.00007552258,0.86382145],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9627555,0.0018003407,0.00074188394,0.0003856933,0.00008973923,0.000043870044,0.0000021946514,0.000012115186,0.03416867],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9974876,0.00024859185,0.00037902137,0.00056227576,0.0008330705,0.00048946013],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999023,0.000097837874,0.00039030836,0.00032232964,0.000065875545,0.00010063864],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0024723122,0.0001968141,0.0002587608,0.0007094981,0.002102668,0.00029848056,0.0013939992,0.00033017492,0.0004242195],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00027225423,0.00017923949,0.00010388572,0.00047702208,0.0010203742,0.0012582662,0.0003323111,0.0010160912,0.00016235173],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015395116,0.000199025,0.00044736246,0.0000803448,0.00019252296,0.000024775753,0.1193205,0.00002199794,0.000015132348,0.8619406,0.014973113,0.0026306463],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012879058,0.000074504766,0.036479484,0.00046673956,0.00011444978,0.0000013496416,0.6863765,0.000028938754,0.00030111035,0.08010948,0.19425711,0.00050241314],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011520934,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00066181977,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8494848,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00033843753,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000035308247,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99919647},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2766638518","doi":"10.5539/elt.v10n11p141","title":"Technical and Non-Technical Programme Students’ Attitudes and Reasons for Plagiarism","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"English Language Teaching","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Psychology; Temptation; Academic integrity; The Internet; Malpractice; Perception; Medical education; Academic dishonesty; Likert scale; Higher education; Social psychology; Public relations; Law; Political science","score_opus":0.019495425566117833,"score_gpt":0.35975979661247054,"score_spread":0.3402643710463527,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2766638518","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9646213,0.0005486762,0.0030766886,0.0019923449,0.00036766834,0.00089548755,0.000025455089,0.00035997023,0.0281124],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98657876,0.00007595026,0.011319978,0.00014116654,0.0009937142,0.00005966183,0.0000089061405,0.000017587161,0.00080425723],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99846774,0.00016957687,0.0001838996,0.0003544681,0.0003620549,0.0004622597],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99873155,0.00058835483,0.00012679072,0.00030214962,0.000042347696,0.00020878298],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005071985,0.00015031036,0.0002339554,0.000047773527,0.002276081,0.0006955851,0.00067064323,0.0008283905,0.000013302222],"category_scores_gemma":[0.010955109,0.0001380442,0.00005935828,0.000024204444,0.00053067924,0.00043405665,0.00031631146,0.0021847154,0.0000018382739],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009510552,0.00038649602,0.2759014,0.00015806995,0.0000871674,0.00008341403,0.44668728,3.5811507e-7,0.0022259152,0.12963709,0.008173752,0.13656397],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.007454375,0.000829471,0.31682798,0.0016743726,0.00053957256,0.000098357756,0.3077324,0.00018110216,0.00058840076,0.010765642,0.3500006,0.0033077446],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002964207,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0028897803,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.34182686,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000062483494,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005128118,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99902284},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2767748721","doi":"10.48550/arxiv.1711.02149","title":"Detecting Disguised Plagiarism","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"arXiv (Cornell University)","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Plagiarism detection; Computer science; Source code; Preprocessor; Set (abstract data type); Code (set theory); Programming language; Information retrieval; Software engineering; Natural language processing","score_opus":0.10666766742685853,"score_gpt":0.2394823423565825,"score_spread":0.13281467492972399,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2767748721","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.55427957,0.00019857497,0.028630633,0.0014060799,0.003950546,0.00069818075,0.0000765829,0.00056577456,0.41019404],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.979516,0.0006624445,0.0001464081,0.00011659243,0.0008151984,8.306713e-7,0.0000167057,0.000022409187,0.018703397],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9976588,0.00048219383,0.00020183904,0.000852361,0.00019333325,0.00061145675],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978129,0.00036334703,0.00049188413,0.000827606,0.00021871169,0.00028552528],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0017290438,0.00030182063,0.0003831221,0.00017014774,0.002073889,0.00023670346,0.0020471604,0.0032437951,0.00033425636],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001337564,0.00036745498,0.00029571546,0.00015852117,0.0006709351,0.00032697295,0.00093788165,0.0053875637,0.00028085613],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00021799347,0.00016218107,0.02657143,0.00021254466,0.0004769772,0.0012567267,0.030076485,0.0128192,0.000058509122,0.9072318,0.012064477,0.008851642],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013792298,0.000060566985,0.0030882547,0.00080991304,0.00060820935,0.000005166392,0.015177867,0.0312668,0.00026426223,0.7250943,0.21961783,0.0026275862],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.014615407,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0030999177,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.42523643,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00042467707,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006636883,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99987775},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"simulation_or_modeling","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"simulation_or_modeling","genre":"methods","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"}],"label_agreement":"agree"},{"id":"W2773728013","doi":"10.1111/1911-3838.12154","title":"From Plagiarism‐Plagued to Plagiarism‐Proof: Using Anonymized Case Assignments in Intermediate Accounting","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Accounting Perspectives","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Rationalization (economics); Misconduct; Academic integrity; Computer science; Cheating; Mathematics education; Psychology; Accounting; Business; Political science; Social psychology; Library science; Law","score_opus":0.03570606692757128,"score_gpt":0.3614844814002403,"score_spread":0.32577841447266903,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2773728013","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9800699,0.0002134679,0.0017750629,0.0028185684,0.0015475058,0.0006703645,0.0000636085,0.00013606317,0.012705508],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9936991,0.00005338646,0.0030665454,0.00047697232,0.0022537147,0.000033020235,0.000008545555,0.000054933575,0.00035383564],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9957187,0.00047701327,0.00067039084,0.001049107,0.0009168336,0.001167919],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99707645,0.0008249779,0.0007250688,0.0006717533,0.00044242066,0.0002593325],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","sts","scholarly_communication","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0042666965,0.0004402325,0.00064132805,0.00043365997,0.003267717,0.0014756871,0.0014719366,0.0015453248,0.00043354408],"category_scores_gemma":[0.010215345,0.0004728481,0.00016897779,0.00034319982,0.00063236617,0.0024187989,0.0005727818,0.0030938047,0.00012836648],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004753446,0.00038174493,0.24466291,0.00003999159,0.00029650226,0.0025114315,0.7243124,0.00013349613,0.006928842,0.0053476766,0.0031859865,0.011723663],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0059248717,0.00010408233,0.07996289,0.0015186674,0.000297235,0.00015640912,0.8659195,0.008795784,0.0044962503,0.02154299,0.007984755,0.003296575],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.18290022,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.014175045,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.16872518,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001039168,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00040375654,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997723},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":[],"domain":null,"study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"methods","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"design_other","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W2775823506","doi":"10.7202/1042258ar","title":"Le côté sombre de la science","year":2017,"lang":"fr","type":"article","venue":"Revue de psychoéducation","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Humanities; Political science; Philosophy","score_opus":0.03188795566958519,"score_gpt":0.3942464628285499,"score_spread":0.3623585071589647,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2775823506","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.12746505,0.001730712,0.0021340842,0.23884498,0.0051823966,0.00016129199,0.00000879512,0.00003346817,0.62443924],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96114075,0.0018090841,0.0020549214,0.00071904936,0.002607016,0.000013092099,0.0000024441986,0.000010648403,0.031642973],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.998364,0.00037717467,0.00017684493,0.00031614164,0.00024956538,0.0005162865],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986441,0.00023692624,0.00026506168,0.0004745148,0.00015217894,0.00022721417],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0057180123,0.000106381915,0.00011975741,0.00006808759,0.0028179782,0.00048464604,0.001168529,0.00072130247,0.00015691471],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0022359751,0.0001340999,0.000068744834,0.00023142208,0.0027664723,0.0009534477,0.00004729936,0.0010270695,0.00033885156],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005022474,0.0001094276,0.0053364276,0.00004135738,0.000006587872,0.000002036024,0.031869113,0.000006525129,0.0008628587,0.87731504,0.026775127,0.05767046],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00015586396,0.000016218817,0.066637695,0.00028602494,0.00002569204,0.000041465617,0.004200354,0.000566618,0.00042758838,0.13688849,0.7905484,0.00020561786],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.011698906,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005684491,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.83367574,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00046544723,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0029309827,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999474},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2777132493","doi":"10.5539/jel.v7n1p281","title":"The Relationship between the Values of Primary School and Music Teacher Candidates and Their Cheating Attitudes","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Education and Learning","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Psychology; Hedonism; Value (mathematics); Music education; Conformity; Multivariate analysis of variance; Test (biology); Mathematics education; Social psychology; Pedagogy; Statistics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.05813669830240915,"score_gpt":0.3585001833816896,"score_spread":0.30036348507928046,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2777132493","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98388857,0.0028562406,0.000021492977,0.0075057955,0.00010494777,0.00004139618,2.1115396e-7,0.0000018693732,0.005579472],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972386,0.0005432816,0.00010815845,0.000060839775,0.0005258643,5.9498296e-7,3.276652e-7,0.000002248502,0.0015201259],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99926966,0.0003561276,0.00015664402,0.000043364482,0.000105536565,0.00006863375],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9976735,0.00172676,0.00041041238,0.00004944314,0.000087738736,0.000052141724],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0037844116,0.000039488987,0.00008458659,0.000025505567,0.0026949164,0.00019818063,0.00012143829,0.00008750084,0.000012398767],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006366201,0.000020894702,0.00001734344,0.000024811898,0.00033347175,0.0002547304,0.000024175932,0.00097266235,3.1088587e-7],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000037594077,0.0000042373977,0.94005054,0.0000068950935,0.000011619003,2.1345716e-8,0.029259237,5.552255e-7,0.000022893872,0.0010936775,0.00038824556,0.029158346],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005410352,0.000015865091,0.95304376,0.00009393374,0.000015827054,0.0000035448684,0.034531523,0.0000072997395,0.0000061470096,0.0031419562,0.009059405,0.000026608068],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005174843,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006756399,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.029131738,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000020567268,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00023029339,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99860346},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2782830987","doi":"10.2147/jmdh.s151745","title":"Exploring the characteristics, global distribution and reasons for retraction of published articles involving human research participants: a literature survey","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":45,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University; St. Joseph’s Healthcare Hamilton; Impact; Programs for Assessment of Technology in Health Research Institute","funders":"","keywords":"Scientific misconduct; Misconduct; Human research; Medicine; Research integrity; Research ethics; Psychology; Alternative medicine; Political science; Law; Pathology; Psychiatry; Public relations","score_opus":0.3137519640706948,"score_gpt":0.47320960417727975,"score_spread":0.15945764010658497,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2782830987","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97932386,0.0006061531,0.00017886145,0.018495353,0.0007472023,0.00028056937,0.0003329791,0.000008592391,0.00002644514],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99748963,0.0008089292,0.00018298415,0.000023741533,0.0014134368,0.000010498448,0.000040001014,0.000005985788,0.000024794024],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9963614,0.0017639464,0.0006132077,0.00016631419,0.0006426407,0.00045251692],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99468124,0.001194562,0.0004919742,0.0001459372,0.003253248,0.00023303802],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.019114833,0.00008927316,0.00023954913,0.000075950134,0.0018949816,0.00014994829,0.00027031678,0.00031429264,0.000006395994],"category_scores_gemma":[0.010043449,0.00006389211,0.000068061454,0.0005823249,0.0005889768,0.0010422074,0.00008415802,0.0014182548,6.4417117e-7],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0016405573,0.00025950017,0.79740167,0.000398708,0.000085518484,0.000015232267,0.14393999,9.65469e-7,0.0011064596,0.030967752,0.0062269634,0.017956695],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00026650232,0.00050446374,0.9637245,0.0006904247,0.000017637867,0.000011902404,0.026063602,0.00013812243,0.00015120291,0.0072248415,0.0011271136,0.0000797064],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0032036724,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007232984,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.16632281,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003002164,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003758471,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99940443},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"evaluation","study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["metaresearch","bibliometrics","research_integrity"],"domain":"evaluation","study_design":"design_other","genre":"review","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W2791533172","doi":"10.5430/bmr.v7n1p35","title":"Improving Business Student Writing – A Ten-Step Model","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Business and Management Research","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Quality (philosophy); Business model; Computer science; Mathematics education; Public relations; Pedagogy; Sociology; Psychology; Political science; Business; Marketing","score_opus":0.07820716915843846,"score_gpt":0.40633490599771094,"score_spread":0.3281277368392725,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2791533172","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.27502328,0.00074598944,0.08599939,0.022299785,0.00065220427,0.0020605028,0.000009203783,0.00025869504,0.6129509],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97349465,0.003008721,0.0036343487,0.00034644787,0.0010805464,0.00008571393,0.00000546598,0.000020391746,0.018323708],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9973131,0.00020906166,0.00020778351,0.00039773044,0.0011343441,0.00073797634],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982261,0.00011694281,0.000049318172,0.00020311573,0.0012803078,0.00012422504],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0054414785,0.000118820055,0.00014673818,0.00028490945,0.0018771115,0.00042356292,0.0004920085,0.00023355917,0.00009176544],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00029781845,0.00010674943,0.0000207703,0.0012609789,0.0007321432,0.00037407994,0.0006635417,0.00055927236,0.000060706643],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007706539,0.00018904846,0.004555494,0.00058375404,0.00006728456,0.000062422754,0.009126169,0.000038875303,0.00023632677,0.63785475,0.022554448,0.32465437],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0021918789,0.000111174406,0.13578445,0.0010222119,0.00011032371,0.0000075013018,0.084298246,0.04654655,0.000074212156,0.019650329,0.70891505,0.0012880719],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0086799,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0015471361,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.69847137,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009875612,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001326326,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994223},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2791638110","doi":"10.1007/s10459-018-9810-9","title":"Good news, bad news","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"editorial","venue":"Advances in Health Sciences Education","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"News media; Psychology; Advertising; Business","score_opus":0.017302051772698605,"score_gpt":0.4214055966356946,"score_spread":0.404103544862996,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2791638110","genre_codex":"editorial","genre_gemma":"editorial","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"editorial","genre_consensus":"editorial","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000069073096,0.018850775,0.00012947652,0.010606273,0.86294824,0.00062746665,0.000029535693,0.00007098724,0.10666818],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00036769954,0.10769632,0.0038273283,0.0018767654,0.8788466,0.00011104469,0.00012533195,0.00001945401,0.007129462],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9942793,0.0009553492,0.00088994094,0.0009326604,0.0018975608,0.0010451466],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9962253,0.0017929508,0.0009266349,0.00031071997,0.00040654434,0.00033788194],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0073516024,0.00028845848,0.0004610166,0.00043894554,0.0017002426,0.00019864534,0.0015020317,0.0016928194,0.00029089753],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0063263113,0.00028143456,0.000074383956,0.001581972,0.0016478825,0.0016716375,0.000069449765,0.002425834,0.00019621184],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000062048384,0.0000572927,0.0014587591,0.00010184503,0.0000012286713,1.287984e-7,0.006738563,0.000007734261,6.4248816e-8,0.013457514,0.91075045,0.06742021],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000075688935,0.00013647064,0.0000380892,0.0005793119,0.0000036726965,3.2978957e-7,0.009760187,0.000009817673,8.537239e-7,0.02566925,0.9634479,0.0002784276],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.09315427,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1211221,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.09953872,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0011612541,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.02307933,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99996376},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2793686016","doi":"10.1111/jnc.14314","title":"Reviewer selection biases editorial decisions on manuscripts","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Neurochemistry","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"RWTH Aachen University","keywords":"Neurochemistry; Variance (accounting); Selection (genetic algorithm); Rank (graph theory); Multivariate statistics; Psychology; Medicine; Computer science; Statistics; Neurology; Psychiatry; Artificial intelligence; Mathematics; Accounting","score_opus":0.060511286664104005,"score_gpt":0.3502823480959228,"score_spread":0.2897710614318188,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2793686016","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.75371766,0.0003490253,0.00031594196,0.0056022685,0.17782575,0.00013082438,0.000008913949,0.000070262584,0.061979376],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.66376096,0.001019672,0.0002412977,0.0011529796,0.33185625,8.16717e-7,8.9601343e-7,0.00000980591,0.0019573185],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.998595,0.00012818695,0.0003031753,0.00010132931,0.00070147205,0.00017081515],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99752164,0.0005213424,0.0002821846,0.000072270144,0.001459919,0.00014265266],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010468303,0.00007725278,0.00014476641,0.00004487151,0.00034267694,0.00004534138,0.00029132652,0.00036883002,0.00023880332],"category_scores_gemma":[0.024483355,0.00006456289,0.000110738496,0.00018313543,0.00014305729,0.00015116915,0.000015955802,0.0012162718,0.000054513777],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000061540006,0.000036669757,0.000082912215,0.0000029705366,0.000007506523,0.00000684944,0.0003619088,8.7373553e-7,0.011178635,0.000063695574,0.98670757,0.0014888676],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00014590727,0.00019073542,0.00022974565,0.00021947414,0.000021323714,0.000026410691,0.00021817212,0.0000037143234,0.009277901,0.0005634408,0.98903054,0.00007262429],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002233446,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000010908329,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1540305,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000070351474,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002354777,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.98373383},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2794995886","doi":"10.1101/256982","title":"Ethical Shades of Gray: Questionable Research Practices in Health Professions Education","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Australian Government; U.S. Navy; U.S. Department of Defense","keywords":"Scientific misconduct; Psychology; Research ethics; Misconduct; Gray (unit); Medical education; Data collection; Public relations; Medicine; Alternative medicine; Political science; Social science; Sociology; Psychiatry; Law; Pathology","score_opus":0.09381003052914959,"score_gpt":0.42703758821685456,"score_spread":0.33322755768770496,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2794995886","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8759161,0.005274798,0.00057403,0.1068329,0.0054186955,0.0038146304,0.00019215049,0.00037987254,0.0015968262],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9903127,0.001986016,0.0055632405,0.000579706,0.0012094947,0.00023335748,5.649513e-7,0.00003488248,0.00008004762],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99162626,0.0049055973,0.0007468297,0.00073346525,0.0012446367,0.00074323016],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9947086,0.0011165761,0.001170642,0.0006208651,0.0020643538,0.000318967],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.026002323,0.00023142324,0.00044976032,0.00057956885,0.00079183,0.00013889461,0.0009220174,0.0035376437,0.00015105591],"category_scores_gemma":[0.018439127,0.0002417709,0.000070705704,0.0011956852,0.00094635633,0.00028397667,0.00040029534,0.009877468,0.00006305681],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016327213,0.001807551,0.11771498,0.0036433071,0.00012279047,0.000013130869,0.0082657095,0.000020601297,0.020658098,0.78831214,0.05924716,0.00003129297],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00084185926,0.00041606955,0.25817952,0.023053214,0.00009085092,2.917427e-8,0.005815611,0.0003845646,0.024663974,0.008013566,0.67627716,0.002263586],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.033803068,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010235964,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.78029853,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00087666424,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.019543197,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99775594},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"methods","study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"methods","study_design":"design_other","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W2796757150","doi":"10.7202/1044268ar","title":"Research Ethics and Commercial Drug Development: When Integrity Threatens Profitability","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"BioéthiqueOnline","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal","funders":"Fonds de Recherche du Québec - Santé","keywords":"Profitability index; Drug development; Drug; Business; Engineering ethics; Pharmacology; Medicine; Engineering; Finance","score_opus":0.2354224896672095,"score_gpt":0.46807209201116534,"score_spread":0.23264960234395585,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2796757150","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.84406275,0.0003433839,0.00048340007,0.11780691,0.0005937814,0.0006722048,0.000039035884,0.00020189802,0.03579665],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9803967,0.0002809257,0.012553388,0.0019311213,0.0017497899,0.000020094356,0.000026775007,0.00001426691,0.003026923],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9947707,0.0029656496,0.00033808747,0.00042536616,0.000876041,0.00062412565],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9961409,0.0018368139,0.00006768289,0.00023348104,0.0014727698,0.00024836452],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["sts","research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.029122433,0.00015021318,0.0002159485,0.00012044588,0.0027908366,0.00010378449,0.0004769909,0.0015131716,0.00035603254],"category_scores_gemma":[0.007195771,0.0001304465,0.000036524987,0.00033592753,0.003218595,0.00022804971,0.00025323144,0.00811862,0.00016081189],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00021856496,0.00027950355,0.07677857,0.00010052612,0.0000492936,0.000007976837,0.5624963,2.0539009e-8,0.00017589953,0.26979288,0.03876719,0.05133325],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00029781993,0.00008097228,0.031172633,0.00012503736,0.000010894468,0.0000028744914,0.02221354,0.000034582154,0.002174682,0.07109976,0.87244177,0.00034544073],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.013358887,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.05891773,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8336746,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002248737,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0014628944,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997831},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2800079115","doi":"10.11575/prism/5479","title":"Understanding Faculty Perceptions and Approaches to Academic Integrity in a Canadian School of Education","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Open MIND","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Higher education; Perception; Pedagogy; Mathematics education; Medical education; Engineering ethics; Psychology; Sociology; Political science; Public relations; Medicine; Engineering","score_opus":0.4643860764483272,"score_gpt":0.426219802651638,"score_spread":0.03816627379668919,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2800079115","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7957523,0.000011966779,0.00018559078,0.007089211,0.0000918437,0.00035258656,0.000028044986,7.254822e-7,0.19648775],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.995361,0.0000135589835,0.0025208283,0.00015689763,0.00012027288,0.000008583993,0.000008951985,0.0000024842395,0.0018074301],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992582,0.00012056904,0.00013612024,0.0001610799,0.00011139441,0.00021263844],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995329,0.000043093547,0.000035508965,0.000060395894,0.000037978265,0.0002901494],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0015704952,0.000051813655,0.00009184051,0.00014300717,0.00027514622,0.00006032659,0.00029528662,0.0003800558,0.0015783979],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00060232566,0.000051671177,0.000010701623,0.00028337352,0.00021868922,0.00029087756,0.000050674953,0.00080821017,0.00014071906],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000037826165,0.0000611348,0.4263004,0.000009971768,0.000016176837,6.4779016e-7,0.4323144,0.0000025835275,0.00031795012,0.05363308,0.018021999,0.06928381],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002530143,0.00007324136,0.14624709,0.00030419993,0.000021633181,0.000003206319,0.60828316,0.00015743123,0.00022293084,0.017931048,0.22616066,0.00034239612],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.6677936,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.915748,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.28005332,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005737693,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0020529632,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9993343},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2800434608","doi":"10.1080/10508422.2018.1466301","title":"A Wake-Up Call? Issues With Plagiarism in Transnational Higher Education","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ethics & Behavior","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":45,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Quarter (Canadian coin); Collusion; Work (physics); Plagiarism detection; Higher education; Academic integrity; Psychology; Sociology; Pedagogy; Medical education; Political science; Social psychology; Law; Business; Engineering; Medicine; Computer science; History","score_opus":0.06700317219200898,"score_gpt":0.4109973970169084,"score_spread":0.34399422482489944,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2800434608","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7533001,0.00020950308,0.00024645522,0.19820851,0.0029522334,0.00063928956,0.000025442241,0.00011864497,0.04429984],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9565835,0.00003653962,0.0011803345,0.0020141017,0.00089719566,0.00007502542,0.000025523625,0.000012669579,0.03917512],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982326,0.00033536972,0.00018940053,0.00023573171,0.00073873065,0.00026819145],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99912465,0.00021612352,0.00005956055,0.00011505034,0.00038975058,0.00009488979],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.001977476,0.00010829628,0.000114233444,0.000100863566,0.0004315852,0.000059663445,0.00026010518,0.0015304753,0.0012629646],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014685898,0.00009762182,0.000030618245,0.000281481,0.0006318076,0.00020425441,0.000012838931,0.003017412,0.000067246525],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000038366543,0.00019606746,0.021143066,0.00000606636,0.0000056912854,0.0000042304637,0.10928651,4.673639e-7,0.00021823242,0.85674894,0.008522302,0.0038300806],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000377866,0.0001051615,0.1361666,0.00006520333,0.00004799586,0.0000033934268,0.0051030708,0.000004121336,0.00045085608,0.010633457,0.8467157,0.00032660758],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00713841,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0180127,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.84611547,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013269793,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0014012789,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999906},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2801554343","doi":"10.1108/ils-10-2017-0105","title":"Addressing student plagiarism from the library learning commons","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Information and Learning Sciences","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Originality; Academic integrity; Commons; Reputation; Best practice; Pedagogy; Psychology; Knowledge management; Engineering ethics; Sociology; Computer science; Political science; Engineering; Creativity","score_opus":0.04724126962542325,"score_gpt":0.34056163589107585,"score_spread":0.2933203662656526,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2801554343","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6884722,0.00024205452,0.0009432412,0.01494721,0.00045138918,0.00012893935,0.0000029600058,0.00020797674,0.29460403],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9957598,0.00014929277,0.00048637827,0.0020664986,0.00043377242,0.0000028615864,0.0000097772545,0.0000023472764,0.0010892792],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983256,0.00061160914,0.00020804783,0.00010340277,0.00050893123,0.00024240332],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986842,0.00096387294,0.00017155064,0.00005134662,0.00005471235,0.000074289346],"candidate_categories":["sts","scholarly_communication"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0029270204,0.00007526173,0.000081045146,0.00006312404,0.00618126,0.0010666553,0.00041499484,0.00022614445,0.0005543545],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010456438,0.000051441926,0.000023696817,0.00033693915,0.0015184394,0.0027220023,0.00010483231,0.0015593802,0.00017938564],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011362039,0.000008286992,0.224653,0.000003325046,0.000013282655,4.8031e-7,0.59337485,0.00024367706,0.000012777147,0.04741323,0.012859159,0.121406555],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008565179,0.000047705875,0.02794486,0.00004721516,0.000005243207,9.356401e-7,0.14837217,0.0022540216,0.000022250897,0.0008160821,0.82030725,0.000096586795],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0030201746,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00022972308,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8074481,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000013458064,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015867481,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999703},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"qualitative","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"commentary","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W2804554214","doi":"","title":"Integrity Matters: Foundations for Academic Success","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"OSF Preprints (OSF Preprints)","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Engineering ethics; Political science; Epistemology; Engineering; Philosophy","score_opus":0.0372327070048306,"score_gpt":0.34861074411443166,"score_spread":0.31137803710960105,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2804554214","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000106658386,0.0000054617194,0.012773764,0.006121145,0.0020951803,0.0021863284,0.00019745379,0.00053750956,0.9759765],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0004584157,0.0007241423,0.0031786358,0.001282233,0.0024202622,0.00051858625,0.00015490856,0.000288624,0.9909742],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99398005,0.0012732253,0.00072796334,0.0023121804,0.00080068404,0.0009058691],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9949184,0.00143814,0.00072666217,0.0022160183,0.0003201211,0.00038065354],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.011817011,0.00051801983,0.0006817144,0.00039789735,0.0007798371,0.00023376086,0.003193904,0.0044621127,0.8471256],"category_scores_gemma":[0.008963845,0.00058416714,0.00038435616,0.0003366279,0.0012599161,0.00035770415,0.0008670369,0.0037307078,0.82148165],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000039973365,0.00007293438,0.0015559463,0.00013675909,0.00018176062,0.000002810985,0.003956463,0.0000015954728,0.00003091093,0.02729707,0.96127343,0.0054503367],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00029212952,8.1894586e-7,0.000119169505,0.00040226558,0.00013178194,0.000005446898,0.00076048216,0.000039449387,0.00012664784,0.022709351,0.9748338,0.00057865767],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.011516183,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004938944,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.025643926,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00056026544,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008958983,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99966097},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2807123811","doi":"10.3138/jsp.49.3.02","title":"Journal Retractions: Some Unique Features of Research Misconduct in China","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Scholarly Publishing","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Institutes of Health; Northwestern University","keywords":"China; Misconduct; Boom; Scientific misconduct; Research data; Political science; Public relations; Criminology; Law; Sociology; Engineering; Library science; Computer science; Medicine; Subject (documents); Alternative medicine","score_opus":0.09045961053599434,"score_gpt":0.40771585992933085,"score_spread":0.3172562493933365,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2807123811","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8395872,0.0029184183,0.00010660002,0.080217324,0.0025233338,0.00012994911,0.000004698163,0.000011932419,0.07450056],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9878145,0.0014237976,0.0025539792,0.0004135448,0.006066776,6.2436595e-7,5.5859044e-7,0.000011778,0.0017144397],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9935482,0.0023357782,0.0008774643,0.00014104426,0.0025799335,0.0005175682],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99250937,0.00089904777,0.00086038234,0.00014436306,0.0052608326,0.0003259975],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","scholarly_communication","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["metaresearch","scholarly_communication"],"category_scores_codex":[0.06693082,0.00009892168,0.00029028664,0.001495412,0.001031267,0.009858307,0.0015776755,0.001180329,0.0002699699],"category_scores_gemma":[0.063157916,0.000082569255,0.00014079541,0.0014288011,0.00062541047,0.082299754,0.000094570845,0.023557188,0.000005669476],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004611059,0.00040036367,0.05045576,0.000053452273,0.00018753624,0.00032042933,0.13856232,0.000013480022,0.013989632,0.2692521,0.50021327,0.026090546],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013366375,0.0007252249,0.14519134,0.0018917333,0.000035859037,0.0009407221,0.08425781,0.0000078655585,0.0038848317,0.40618652,0.35520327,0.0003381865],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0038845146,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00086604443,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.14822732,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005108395,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0020000616,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9911696},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"evaluation","study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W2807496975","doi":"10.7759/cureus.2698","title":"Combating Scientific Misconduct: The Role of Focused Workshops in Changing Attitudes Towards Plagiarism","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Cureus","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Dalhousie University","keywords":"Scientific misconduct; Misconduct; Medicine; Medical education; Test (biology); Descriptive statistics; IBM; Family medicine; Research ethics; Alternative medicine; Psychiatry; Pathology","score_opus":0.03738302534706906,"score_gpt":0.32233824546843215,"score_spread":0.2849552201213631,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2807496975","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.90490603,0.0017370774,0.00021644037,0.0033100063,0.0012954824,0.00028875435,0.000008114379,0.00005163005,0.08818647],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99772954,0.000030665648,0.0004926257,0.00014065835,0.00052273134,0.000007913349,0.000002731236,0.0000074653985,0.0010656823],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983909,0.00026412559,0.00024118723,0.00022029142,0.00043954345,0.00044391054],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99916804,0.000274552,0.00012499788,0.00021435706,0.00015978489,0.000058240083],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004350223,0.00009638193,0.00015577613,0.00013549019,0.0008878148,0.00011509875,0.00064265035,0.00045370116,0.00034329316],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009878365,0.0000733184,0.0000546857,0.00090003427,0.0011672764,0.00024206509,0.000114951006,0.0008652407,0.00003518229],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000026103078,0.00013761618,0.033215694,0.000021959217,0.000050588686,0.000003851881,0.5155541,0.000011469626,0.0043509486,0.34757528,0.0039224653,0.09512992],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010074321,0.00015379647,0.014241293,0.0008563508,0.000075608725,0.000004996641,0.26008242,0.0031515001,0.04101154,0.12338819,0.55505383,0.00097306416],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003666189,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0064881807,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.55113137,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008154223,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002223818,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.68284434},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"medium"}],"label_agreement":"agree"},{"id":"W2807600559","doi":"10.1007/s12144-018-9887-6","title":"Factor structure of the attitudes toward cheating scale: An exploratory structural equation modeling analysis","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Current Psychology","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Wilfrid Laurier University","funders":"Universidade de Macau","keywords":"Cheating; Psychology; Structural equation modeling; Misconduct; Social psychology; Scale (ratio); Exploratory factor analysis; Academic dishonesty; Immorality; Morality; Psychometrics; Statistics; Developmental psychology; Mathematics; Political science; Law","score_opus":0.1441619263154874,"score_gpt":0.4393019605818223,"score_spread":0.2951400342663349,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2807600559","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98459154,0.0001888583,0.012384196,0.0004867541,0.0018567496,0.00011357152,0.000036227055,0.000028552333,0.00031356188],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987607,0.000030266692,0.0002789704,0.00013780908,0.0007603692,0.0000017945764,0.000015878944,0.0000050247922,0.000009187471],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984537,0.00048024277,0.00026710678,0.00026102687,0.00029982478,0.00023814793],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99926054,0.000048849815,0.00016745437,0.00023198419,0.00022511896,0.000066045024],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00040603866,0.00010192921,0.00018685314,0.00010027362,0.00039270404,0.000022371283,0.00047293096,0.00036527863,0.0005221007],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018560002,0.00007440063,0.00009960727,0.0005515982,0.00045006248,0.00024678896,0.000040872823,0.000652511,0.0000048777392],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006515071,0.00007513919,0.69456816,0.000042759257,0.00028489367,1.9369206e-7,0.23290625,0.0011712923,0.011836053,0.009371642,0.0005065879,0.049171865],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0018325159,0.0004606305,0.57683665,0.000281903,0.0014253997,0.00000513374,0.038384166,0.27988616,0.0057137543,0.08681217,0.006455103,0.0019064093],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00021339639,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0016849755,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.27871487,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000043874457,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007661768,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5716637},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2807855793","doi":"10.1007/s10780-018-9333-6","title":"Self-Plagiarism Research Literature in the Social Sciences: A Scoping Review","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Interchange","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"University of Calgary","keywords":"Publishing; Educational research; Empirical research; Set (abstract data type); Publication; Social research; Psychology; Sociology; Social science; Political science; Epistemology; Computer science; Law","score_opus":0.4128323445541597,"score_gpt":0.5610724578167843,"score_spread":0.1482401132626246,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2807855793","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[4.339223e-7,0.9267946,0.000004432411,0.004896442,0.00062091794,0.0030419047,0.000037544338,0.0000616161,0.06454213],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0000018039719,0.99256957,0.0001272331,0.0021885699,0.0038906606,0.00054096547,0.000034637837,0.00002536172,0.0006212306],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.98479694,0.010807377,0.00078246236,0.000722366,0.001759437,0.0011314028],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9960656,0.0027739315,0.0003119154,0.0003482076,0.00042149666,0.00007884213],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.043911517,0.00037249285,0.0012616448,0.0006123743,0.0020362302,0.00057657855,0.0034181336,0.002837641,0.0003218115],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0032365602,0.00023453527,0.0004636987,0.0040744278,0.0016514652,0.00036635008,0.00035687673,0.009251361,0.00070152973],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000026511839,0.000078713085,8.7867085e-7,0.15507631,0.000044346503,0.000089527835,0.21996142,5.950974e-10,7.694895e-9,0.025273941,0.21334855,0.38612366],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000020741414,0.000027929274,4.7289337e-8,0.3824075,0.000053064035,0.00001418073,0.0014376513,2.5453366e-7,1.3033677e-8,0.00067299523,0.6152058,0.0001598327],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009981135,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003070159,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.40185726,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00051172706,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001858851,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999263},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2809593576","doi":"10.1101/354621","title":"Analysis and Correction of Inappropriate Image Duplication: The <i>Molecular and Cellular Biology</i> Experience","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institute of Infection and Immunity","funders":"","keywords":"Gene duplication; Image (mathematics); Resolution (logic); Computer science; Psychology; Biology; Artificial intelligence; Genetics","score_opus":0.010746567062823712,"score_gpt":0.2500066498365406,"score_spread":0.23926008277371688,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2809593576","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98310316,0.0013148345,0.013664595,0.000663733,0.00063281815,0.00040414464,0.000042204025,0.0000755647,0.00009894246],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99737734,0.0008474871,0.0012911137,0.00014212278,0.00025112563,0.00006716439,3.3268844e-7,0.000016103384,0.0000071921286],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99807405,0.0004493446,0.0003413789,0.000602142,0.0002552465,0.0002778544],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982473,0.00014090708,0.00043203856,0.00055462756,0.0005018688,0.00012325005],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0018557954,0.000226392,0.00036708487,0.00017065012,0.00049466605,0.00012818152,0.00045428265,0.0009714231,0.00003602233],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005809841,0.00019508126,0.00009378419,0.0007778341,0.0015063412,0.00012124451,0.00031030824,0.0009369481,0.000005184924],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000030801315,0.000057776055,0.049500715,0.0001127478,0.0005377937,0.0000059450595,0.0025743095,0.000008425284,0.93550766,0.011412647,0.0002207646,0.000030448462],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002928511,0.00007228814,0.048695646,0.00019639939,0.0012782373,1.8051232e-8,0.0005372194,0.0024624045,0.92199945,0.00014077956,0.023337271,0.0009874434],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0018963516,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000027758027,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.023116507,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006255917,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022882123,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7955183},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2826165912","doi":"10.1177/0961000618785408","title":"Correction and retraction practices in library and information science journals","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Librarianship and Information Science","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Subject (documents); Library science; Quality (philosophy); Web of science; Information science; Minor (academic); Computer science; MEDLINE; Political science; Law","score_opus":0.03919387877003243,"score_gpt":0.3343058517107731,"score_spread":0.29511197294074065,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2826165912","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.80517894,0.0002040013,0.0011104094,0.014888463,0.002572808,0.00017183165,0.0000025891475,0.00002427517,0.17584667],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9918943,0.005207546,0.0010870829,0.0014518505,0.0003113482,6.1722847e-7,5.2187846e-7,0.0000014620174,0.00004526802],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99805874,0.000115081304,0.0006067725,0.00008317059,0.00090264395,0.00023358362],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9975951,0.00032385276,0.0013836853,0.000059786933,0.000390499,0.0002471066],"candidate_categories":["scholarly_communication"],"consensus_categories":["scholarly_communication"],"category_scores_codex":[0.008421669,0.00007548315,0.00012215709,0.0014279231,0.0011488053,0.0023217825,0.00030335787,0.00020998753,0.00005189248],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00594334,0.00006276134,0.000013687216,0.0020479579,0.0019621646,0.35438251,0.00007608136,0.0008665818,0.0000054419115],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00042750523,0.000037618152,0.17570156,0.000064098866,0.000009776818,0.000002627031,0.18631038,0.000012335888,0.0014230402,0.3660012,0.0043331473,0.2656767],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006312456,0.00034632112,0.6288362,0.0003298884,0.000014689149,0.0003809178,0.053050164,0.0046655145,0.0023762987,0.0050286246,0.30409724,0.00024289024],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006300099,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000547354,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.45313466,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000044149943,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0011583335,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9987139},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity","scholarly_communication"],"domain":"evaluation","study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"evaluation","study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W2868656517","doi":"10.20533/ijds.2040.2570.2016.0142","title":"Academic Integrity: The Fool’s Dilemma","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Digital Society","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Humber Polytechnic","funders":"","keywords":"Dilemma; Academic integrity; Research integrity; Law and economics; Political science; Engineering ethics; Philosophy; Sociology; Engineering; Epistemology","score_opus":0.04538027307730528,"score_gpt":0.36012415474493914,"score_spread":0.31474388166763384,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2868656517","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.19432722,0.0005549051,0.09980204,0.6278013,0.016799679,0.0007762389,0.0008303509,0.00023297958,0.058875274],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97592574,0.0010949872,0.0003075567,0.0028509472,0.0051801424,0.000016979198,0.000007808363,0.000015199906,0.014600647],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99820596,0.00006236872,0.00032482026,0.00015894182,0.00088747754,0.00036045798],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99774015,0.001154584,0.00020106715,0.000077618024,0.00067935203,0.00014723952],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0018551516,0.00011724554,0.00010938487,0.000027315202,0.00077128917,0.00049921277,0.0012821292,0.00048501036,0.00021438608],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0022130904,0.000062055864,0.00048438937,0.00009074064,0.00045441953,0.0013448556,0.000097342025,0.0017317927,0.00008669515],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008145221,0.000040106264,0.0054934933,0.0000023314444,0.000346704,0.0000044167195,0.01149727,0.0000016115481,0.00020632904,0.3057698,0.40976503,0.26679143],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00033901897,0.000019987934,0.0002589516,0.00006155698,0.000009518771,0.000036243346,0.0032964428,0.000019356907,0.00007022125,0.13125156,0.864528,0.00010917354],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008795655,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003093504,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7815985,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00041922223,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00033021445,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.75238734},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W288264345","doi":"","title":"The Governance of Research Integrity in Canada","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Health law review","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Research ethics; Honesty; Scientific misconduct; Openness to experience; Public relations; Ethical code; Engineering ethics; Corporate governance; Political science; Social research; Sociology; Law; Psychology; Social science; Social psychology; Medicine; Business","score_opus":0.1486339466513428,"score_gpt":0.4697282483834571,"score_spread":0.3210943017321143,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W288264345","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0012041308,0.75394624,0.000002119538,0.15797403,0.0005038156,0.00064471934,0.00001283587,0.0000055299383,0.0857066],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.3766907,0.6154112,0.000039369646,0.007394883,0.00013624433,0.000018336741,7.392311e-7,0.0000026034736,0.00030593417],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9962432,0.0020338688,0.00036315172,0.000076893884,0.0006922032,0.00059067784],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99826586,0.0011774291,0.00013495593,0.00015121304,0.00011669489,0.00015382927],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.02294258,0.00004263253,0.00020167105,0.0000052594537,0.0004818418,0.000004806755,0.0003369905,0.00009115494,0.00010342895],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0018927886,0.000028111348,0.000023178405,0.00038531458,0.00025380016,0.00009391637,0.000033320393,0.0018338461,0.000018809402],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000013458131,0.0000066424454,0.00304976,0.00068188715,8.974901e-7,2.1991121e-7,0.00074073963,1.1987916e-8,3.722485e-8,0.90295863,0.070088096,0.022471715],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000017789716,0.0000043368686,0.0023792728,0.0020771024,7.075228e-7,4.027892e-7,0.0005123711,5.628596e-7,0.0000014027971,0.0010514389,0.9939271,0.00002748588],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9979467,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.99807835,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.92383903,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001045569,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00496089,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8800406},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2883682400","doi":"10.1037/gpr0000040","title":"The Link between Cognitive Ability and Scholastic Cheating: A Meta-Analysis","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Review of General Psychology","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Psychology; Link (geometry); Cognition; Meta-analysis; Social psychology; Cognitive psychology; Computer science","score_opus":0.21983196700264357,"score_gpt":0.47470933606240195,"score_spread":0.2548773690597584,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2883682400","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.030780531,0.7223488,0.0028521481,0.16677819,0.00035786658,0.0011022317,0.000089373156,0.000045434117,0.07564539],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8101543,0.17289008,0.0020721403,0.011156695,0.0018876333,0.0000854941,0.000039999937,0.000015127383,0.0016985147],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99694055,0.0018607744,0.00044153433,0.00025167313,0.00028656202,0.0002189319],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99803644,0.0010270285,0.00023606702,0.00019724328,0.0003563955,0.00014680954],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.008627076,0.000101779486,0.00076631363,0.00004065547,0.00023172588,0.000017075052,0.00026663247,0.00027752676,0.00015782655],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004305823,0.000061394676,0.00038323193,0.0005118756,0.0006571864,0.00006828824,0.000039776838,0.0006245552,0.000023585435],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013571429,0.0001273245,0.05462261,0.0016280866,0.14088999,0.000008700919,0.016860785,0.000005300673,0.00008082842,0.08274005,0.049510136,0.65339047],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004773481,0.00021957411,0.016919259,0.00019942099,0.14726794,0.0000047628087,0.0008321371,0.000025710451,0.00002170991,0.029966429,0.80367714,0.00038856303],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00053932244,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00013986746,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.77937376,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001817185,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000095913776,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5154783},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2884678906","doi":"10.1007/s40979-018-0028-7","title":"Strengthening the research agenda of educational integrity in Canada: a review of the research literature and call to action","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"International Journal for Educational Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":68,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"University of Calgary","keywords":"Context (archaeology); Research integrity; Political science; Educational research; Action (physics); Work (physics); Public relations; Engineering ethics; Medical education; Sociology; Pedagogy; Medicine; History; Engineering","score_opus":0.33202150113702406,"score_gpt":0.5686972580840289,"score_spread":0.23667575694700488,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2884678906","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0005772864,0.87751836,0.000009175494,0.112865835,0.005101975,0.0014606173,0.00065769255,0.0000019749543,0.0018071026],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0019155808,0.9900864,0.00037760756,0.0006169753,0.0035525146,0.00022636948,0.0001109112,0.000021151534,0.0030924876],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9903163,0.003999397,0.0015363641,0.00043273327,0.0031967673,0.0005184683],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.97593766,0.013143126,0.00087679084,0.0003342949,0.009503279,0.00020481851],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.022934906,0.00026242196,0.0007154303,0.00067973236,0.00089603465,0.00017553703,0.0028407546,0.0006353482,0.0004630934],"category_scores_gemma":[0.04046047,0.0001614513,0.00039522792,0.0015843438,0.0008649003,0.00032882835,0.00033337402,0.010151734,0.000007745125],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":true,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000081205435,0.00027844298,0.0007002048,0.009189255,0.0003680875,0.000001493723,0.009708596,9.859036e-7,0.0000018631415,0.16782507,0.6490984,0.16274641],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000068357964,0.000027835264,0.0004066605,0.069530286,0.00004991955,0.00006972926,0.0018881733,0.0000036853805,0.000004015193,0.021645436,0.9061692,0.00013673338],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.42522767,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.5277353,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.25707078,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0042937277,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.04272426,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995286},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2886317728","doi":"10.1002/cc.20313","title":"Meaningful Engagement With Academic Integrity Through a Focus on Context and Relationship","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"New Directions for Community Colleges","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Nipissing University","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Context (archaeology); Focus (optics); Personal Integrity; Pedagogy; Student engagement; Psychology; Engineering ethics; Research integrity; Space (punctuation); Focus group; Sociology; Public relations; Medical education; Political science; Social psychology; Computer science; Medicine; Engineering","score_opus":0.1192041800043849,"score_gpt":0.3664059028900413,"score_spread":0.24720172288565642,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2886317728","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.38159582,0.0007833437,0.020694269,0.08163631,0.0011884602,0.0024599794,0.00010912299,0.0007126012,0.5108201],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9880445,0.00026215825,0.0026546102,0.0008013147,0.00044313056,0.00006489811,0.000007967568,0.000014870929,0.0077065243],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.997625,0.0014358644,0.00020920014,0.00017505117,0.00026273954,0.00029214958],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99523443,0.004010681,0.00011221746,0.00026316894,0.00025082074,0.00012866645],"candidate_categories":["sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002623979,0.0001541239,0.00019551886,0.000112059344,0.0066515305,0.0000737461,0.00034186637,0.0005461258,0.00008724217],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0026883334,0.0001376098,0.00005443756,0.00047362744,0.0007588034,0.00033732544,0.00006960689,0.0045951284,0.000024382887],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00027112835,0.00010466482,0.0076336637,0.000012274494,0.000076927594,3.760735e-7,0.13185565,0.0000015466211,0.000013717327,0.7759982,0.06804875,0.015983127],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008075477,0.000592898,0.0038569986,0.00017051319,0.000076189215,0.0000047182593,0.0709949,0.000041775038,0.00045328183,0.11087359,0.8118774,0.00025015784],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.034732703,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.07403503,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.74382865,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021653097,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00037540123,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9977013},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2886393397","doi":"10.24908/pceea.v0i0.10578","title":"Supplementary Results of the CAIS-1 Survey on Cheating in Undergraduate Engineering Programs in Saskatchewan","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the Canadian Engineering Education Association (CEEA)","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"University of Toronto; University of Saskatchewan","keywords":"Cheating; Academic dishonesty; Academic integrity; Respondent; Minor (academic); Demographics; Psychology; Medical education; Mathematics education; Social psychology; Demography; Sociology; Political science; Medicine; Law","score_opus":0.01606479635908099,"score_gpt":0.24881457640902563,"score_spread":0.23274978004994465,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2886393397","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9837903,0.000009695836,0.0000015635662,0.012414909,0.0010093441,0.00046288746,0.00009408383,0.000016190825,0.002201031],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99871254,0.0000047388708,0.00021035594,0.00014345015,0.00017539869,0.000019912994,0.000020206167,0.000013039395,0.00070038723],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99863815,0.0000437715,0.00038529676,0.00015855956,0.00041872732,0.0003555171],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989309,0.0001875322,0.00031527068,0.000079365345,0.00039545412,0.00009151696],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003097624,0.00010728318,0.00014577543,0.00023108697,0.000159751,0.00004746557,0.00042034453,0.00027441198,0.000010219339],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0050138272,0.000096723845,0.000050017014,0.0010722968,0.000047214115,0.00013121605,0.00002516528,0.0006168769,0.0000011747645],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012286227,0.00007975201,0.91993517,0.00007626944,0.000032883683,5.4353684e-8,0.058513544,0.0005871097,0.00059186213,0.007016737,0.011964227,0.0011900811],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00036139027,0.00002880628,0.97070646,0.0006320159,0.000013366764,3.1569434e-7,0.008432854,0.0013033923,0.0023044513,0.00040433096,0.015580933,0.00023167116],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.60044384,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.8563507,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.25590688,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0026179748,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0011441461,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6845913},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2887657800","doi":"10.1097/acm.0000000000002412","title":"Ethical Shades of Gray: International Frequency of Scientific Misconduct and Questionable Research Practices in Health Professions Education","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Academic Medicine","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":92,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Scientific misconduct; Misconduct; Psychology; Research ethics; Medical education; Gray (unit); Public relations; Medicine; Alternative medicine; Political science; Psychiatry; Law; Pathology","score_opus":0.22932342739022307,"score_gpt":0.5565311650287235,"score_spread":0.3272077376385004,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2887657800","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.70419794,0.0026681463,0.00006366779,0.2692865,0.001567769,0.00041778432,0.0000067457977,0.000013647526,0.021777784],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99347264,0.0017042124,0.00050077913,0.0006347347,0.00078833255,0.00001296422,0.000015193569,0.0000038548087,0.0028673033],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.996519,0.0014210895,0.0005464078,0.00025288342,0.000999226,0.0002613487],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99697214,0.0014805045,0.00051364745,0.00011419238,0.000788413,0.00013108845],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.025387302,0.00006143221,0.0001882492,0.00043662023,0.0003769903,0.000007696217,0.00040597192,0.0008029641,0.0003984661],"category_scores_gemma":[0.029345565,0.00004905369,0.000010414179,0.0007418461,0.0038413452,0.00028723176,0.00006359145,0.0036979145,0.000005709488],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002448148,0.00003820711,0.07711083,0.00012431898,0.000009376504,3.52319e-7,0.14181504,1.0158833e-7,0.0075108055,0.7308824,0.039116886,0.003367164],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006295893,0.00033360362,0.020114021,0.0055440622,0.000015430665,0.000010174875,0.2124532,0.00010395067,0.001521905,0.6055532,0.15354554,0.00017532884],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0351973,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0020945221,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2892747,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011736739,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0024425664,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99886966},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"methods","study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"methods","study_design":"design_other","genre":"review","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"medium"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W2890784557","doi":"10.1007/s40979-018-0030-0","title":"Effectiveness of tutorials for promoting educational integrity: a synthesis paper","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Educational Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":77,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University; University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Academic dishonesty; Cheating; Academic integrity; Psychological intervention; Psychology; Context (archaeology); Medical education; Misconduct; Intervention (counseling); Academic achievement; Pedagogy; Medicine; Social psychology; Political science","score_opus":0.043677026637462465,"score_gpt":0.4205006072596121,"score_spread":0.3768235806221496,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2890784557","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5218893,0.0007333875,0.043166906,0.29641795,0.104078546,0.00466009,0.0023272014,0.00012903864,0.02659754],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.964341,0.0000836806,0.013420234,0.00050735206,0.01914341,0.00046491838,0.00011850625,0.00003142002,0.0018895123],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99658275,0.00069903693,0.00083979155,0.00038040243,0.0010614429,0.00043656933],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9785208,0.012690217,0.0006474013,0.00014787063,0.007763244,0.00023044564],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.010001757,0.00023247674,0.00037800748,0.00032615094,0.00094312866,0.00023703871,0.0011719995,0.0006201745,0.0017553598],"category_scores_gemma":[0.036713768,0.00021604271,0.0004335032,0.00021969964,0.000650953,0.001085108,0.00005776222,0.0013066562,0.00003694424],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00092649634,0.00070767105,0.0039563337,0.00014029392,0.0005014469,3.8557303e-7,0.0060642813,0.0000025003137,0.0045936476,0.9441814,0.031487294,0.0074382387],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00082563877,0.00021127537,0.008258171,0.0010758967,0.00014978771,0.00006421227,0.0027611202,0.00012279939,0.0147334635,0.75330466,0.21807088,0.00042207775],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013199879,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00023503914,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.44245163,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008866439,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0041786246,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9991572},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2893767808","doi":"10.5206/cjsotl-rcacea.2018.2.4","title":"Turnitin® Use at a Canadian University","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal for the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Formative assessment; Psychology; Medical education; Valuation (finance); Pedagogy; Medicine; Business","score_opus":0.05344081465298504,"score_gpt":0.2982642860258081,"score_spread":0.2448234713728231,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2893767808","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96416414,0.0002858747,0.00010040936,0.020983163,0.0004956868,0.00013189552,0.000017009299,0.000009996535,0.013811851],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98091805,0.00003060472,0.00017949668,0.0005793659,0.0005151599,2.138832e-7,0.0000011882524,0.0000073680044,0.01776856],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9975357,0.0016769756,0.000103763545,0.00008581058,0.00016313745,0.00043462755],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977378,0.0013075185,0.000111866015,0.0000848661,0.0001710343,0.0005869046],"candidate_categories":["sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.012497431,0.000072262796,0.00008693394,0.00013055441,0.026066585,0.0003236173,0.00048073663,0.00022760604,0.00015443678],"category_scores_gemma":[0.007241438,0.000049652623,0.00006890273,0.000095051764,0.0006703019,0.0003189199,0.00001668835,0.004883333,0.000009258342],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016420895,0.0000062775484,0.1747178,0.00001796576,0.00031611414,0.00006814989,0.477162,0.0002943934,0.000100891695,0.23444906,0.023206577,0.08949657],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000110005196,0.000037852868,0.009211986,0.000055829794,0.00004415292,0.00006331162,0.01844658,0.00008543403,0.000004235026,0.0017304531,0.97012603,0.000084147585],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.89705867,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9855741,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.94691944,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00043390365,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0015164985,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99741244},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2896309936","doi":"10.11575/cpai.v1i2.54599","title":"Academic Integrity across the Canadian Landscape","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Calgary","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Nature versus nurture; Academic integrity; Center (category theory); Political science; Geography; Library science; Public administration; Public relations; Environmental ethics; Sociology; Anthropology; Computer science","score_opus":0.021057498341192957,"score_gpt":0.2732196085520171,"score_spread":0.25216211021082413,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2896309936","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.3534607,0.00012738125,0.00053571066,0.016947746,0.00043630588,0.00016437385,0.000028516168,0.000046204237,0.6282531],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9917243,0.00011843394,0.00016225452,0.0006787495,0.00023299492,4.001849e-8,0.0000039063725,0.0000023060702,0.007077011],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991413,0.00017350315,0.00006174657,0.000105989675,0.00022778584,0.00028967846],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993951,0.00012824354,0.0000471865,0.000107035106,0.00016031427,0.00016213884],"candidate_categories":["sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012308236,0.000051320872,0.00008169663,0.000036468417,0.0017291879,0.0000117897225,0.00060580054,0.00063286326,0.00094667956],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020302272,0.000045444533,0.00004926244,0.00018465705,0.0014240401,0.00013363958,0.00005821,0.0015954919,0.00016313017],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009820273,0.000018205352,0.08315595,0.000009866941,0.000059125192,0.00002835655,0.3085337,6.0537695e-7,0.000051052106,0.35903707,0.2161655,0.032842357],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000119909564,0.00001790405,0.015467924,0.000015452919,0.000011480286,0.0000013989998,0.027070908,0.000113786664,0.000040365303,0.0026517133,0.954406,0.0000831481],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.7935086,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9286432,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7382405,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011815166,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007433737,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99996656},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2898694098","doi":"10.2196/12152","title":"Cyberincivility in the Massive Open Online Course Learning Environment: Data-Mining Study","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"JMIR Medical Education","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Massive open online course; Course (navigation); Computer science; Data science; Online learning; World Wide Web; Engineering","score_opus":0.056821736961955,"score_gpt":0.4427804938521208,"score_spread":0.3859587568901658,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2898694098","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9422083,0.000047378275,0.000051399344,0.037109055,0.00046676217,0.0008907377,0.000006354618,0.00001764153,0.019202378],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9955292,0.000035256897,0.00017414968,0.0018790953,0.001281039,0.00007197319,0.0001079548,0.0000042565825,0.0009171271],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9973187,0.001189819,0.00021648554,0.00027471868,0.0007912181,0.00020909755],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99908113,0.00035478416,0.00009834592,0.00030657527,0.000037049038,0.00012211748],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00667689,0.00006967897,0.000105238,0.00002573457,0.0004809132,0.00007208307,0.0016091049,0.0002690547,0.002550546],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0032618206,0.000051776307,0.00001096945,0.00018803062,0.00046234907,0.0003302948,0.000294579,0.001186082,0.00009819378],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003166907,0.0049100476,0.12910788,0.0000072904813,0.00001681726,0.0000064975916,0.583726,0.0000011603729,0.0000017019062,0.0027542717,0.035640094,0.24379657],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00024818507,0.00009972223,0.17288831,0.000043228647,0.000015325819,0.0000012750655,0.45426708,0.0004940558,4.4947157e-7,0.000509296,0.3713333,0.00009978838],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0065333564,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009369093,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3356932,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009656662,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001451762,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99836123},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2899783344","doi":"10.1016/j.ijme.2018.10.004","title":"We're not in Kansas anymore: Academic honesty in an international business program","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The International Journal of Management Education","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Royal Roads University; Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Honesty; Political science; Sociology; Management; Psychology; Economics; Law","score_opus":0.038118796349913046,"score_gpt":0.3927255462126806,"score_spread":0.3546067498627675,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2899783344","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.88147926,0.000083471896,0.00032202667,0.08797637,0.006885972,0.00037764502,0.0000030605008,0.000020052317,0.022852143],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.991721,0.0014166507,0.00090120244,0.0015387667,0.003019,0.00002267786,0.000011985365,0.000008193328,0.0013605562],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99788356,0.00023480963,0.0005283106,0.00015184972,0.001006386,0.00019511458],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99859357,0.00010049488,0.00039119748,0.000112161884,0.0007432677,0.00005930073],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0029832146,0.00010071155,0.00011338232,0.0005037911,0.00010292053,0.00013886376,0.0017329787,0.0001856803,0.00028805883],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00030862095,0.00008179768,0.000043498167,0.00043608068,0.00020592136,0.0011040692,0.00008851393,0.00085756567,0.000035246034],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00063392275,0.0013345795,0.1082142,0.00001942033,0.00015484038,0.000037129386,0.060864218,0.00017093953,0.0001256329,0.15849485,0.014477987,0.6554723],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010205575,0.00010152948,0.51791364,0.00063723716,0.00003818899,0.000028601626,0.04446281,0.00066438894,0.00014166387,0.029996423,0.40472183,0.0002731686],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008686173,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001891658,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6551991,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004992608,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003644404,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3725744},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2899926800","doi":"10.11575/cpai.v1i2.56983","title":"Academic Integrity Pledges -- Acculturating Students to Integrity within Canadian Higher Education","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Calgary","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Humber Polytechnic","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Situated; Public relations; Engineering ethics; Learning development; Quality (philosophy); Psychology; Higher education; Pedagogy; Political science; Social psychology; Engineering; Computer science; Law","score_opus":0.034839791507911354,"score_gpt":0.3179904873729235,"score_spread":0.2831506958650122,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2899926800","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.84341913,0.00005019546,0.0002871484,0.008912817,0.0013292545,0.000320595,0.000017303504,0.000057638743,0.1456059],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9708093,0.000033231092,0.00227232,0.0013311417,0.0004464053,3.5560706e-7,0.0000123465525,0.000005033587,0.025089897],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986234,0.0002719289,0.00015345246,0.00023383474,0.0004168742,0.0003005655],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987809,0.00009440235,0.0001059708,0.00012877105,0.00045563126,0.00043431626],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011348566,0.00010689873,0.00016015362,0.00016760932,0.00082073023,0.00002694253,0.00086393463,0.0008004037,0.0010745806],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00042740675,0.00011639137,0.000053685206,0.00035555824,0.00045018274,0.00034718687,0.00011379575,0.002080838,0.00019843424],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016368419,0.00014257636,0.17640688,0.00003546702,0.000097312266,0.000011542611,0.27470425,0.0000012768328,0.0007234663,0.31379947,0.20746553,0.026448563],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00029660622,0.00010671139,0.12285868,0.00027669387,0.00006047903,0.0000018761955,0.07024569,0.00003671054,0.00045706565,0.005005144,0.8002313,0.0004230838],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.6865214,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.5646127,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.59276575,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005389755,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0018656747,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998386},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2900971880","doi":"","title":"CTL TLA3 posters | Academic integrity and research workshop for Practical Nursing students","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SOURCE Sheridan's Institutional Repository (Sheridan College)","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Scientific integrity; CTL*; Nursing; Medical education; Medicine; Psychology; Engineering ethics; Engineering; Immunology; Social psychology","score_opus":0.10747498433196917,"score_gpt":0.4581880763859604,"score_spread":0.3507130920539912,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2900971880","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.86787826,0.00044595404,0.0036497933,0.028677065,0.0036746247,0.0018449813,0.000064855965,0.00019481026,0.09356966],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9746805,0.00015499727,0.003093388,0.00032465876,0.0026902265,0.00014914903,0.000011067065,0.000038376267,0.018857663],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99414593,0.0009429935,0.0006459527,0.00090579415,0.002262288,0.0010970497],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9958609,0.0017212342,0.00038263114,0.0006270252,0.0008001694,0.0006080452],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["sts","research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00685186,0.000351558,0.00044541465,0.0001995761,0.015699718,0.0010213281,0.0015999903,0.0017954179,0.00003959012],"category_scores_gemma":[0.007959565,0.00036114283,0.00019448379,0.00027105655,0.006387986,0.0015266761,0.00041919632,0.0065625273,0.000027368886],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.002713882,0.0008798856,0.06973581,0.00020066791,0.0004231718,0.0004716931,0.039339203,0.00008072327,0.0036084114,0.7976618,0.06847323,0.016411558],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002656673,0.00035093355,0.03525016,0.0019953647,0.00019927857,0.0005242522,0.059684955,0.0009978295,0.0014441338,0.026834577,0.8686332,0.0014286381],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0016475166,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00026794907,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.80016,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0012476492,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0034703736,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99988407},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2900978710","doi":"10.22215/etd/2018-12968","title":"Unproctored Internet Testing in Personnel Selection: A Test of Cheating Deterrence Strategies","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Deception; Psychology; Test (biology); Social psychology; The Internet; Deterrence (psychology); Cognition; Selection (genetic algorithm); Applied psychology; Criminology; Computer science; Artificial intelligence; World Wide Web","score_opus":0.040383672290961826,"score_gpt":0.3327694607628057,"score_spread":0.2923857884718439,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2900978710","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.60124785,0.00006373422,0.00013747651,0.000032344786,0.00037184817,0.0002023939,0.0000031690631,0.00006966346,0.39787152],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9824405,0.000016436752,0.003458395,0.000021127367,0.00041359806,0.000016464763,0.00004055712,0.000011598681,0.013581379],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.99858695,0.00010666632,0.00039590156,0.00027751512,0.00034536657,0.00028759046],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985623,0.0006483839,0.00030009294,0.000058421734,0.00038356386,0.000047247366],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00094919093,0.0001663046,0.00025757198,0.00015129826,0.00018245247,0.000084304615,0.0003195476,0.0010330956,0.00047708995],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0033325208,0.00016389703,0.00004933918,0.0005785685,0.00014242945,0.0002853944,0.000012927236,0.0011580322,0.000016420217],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007628019,0.0001430985,0.0990154,0.00046689328,0.000043242475,0.0000057547827,0.8564525,0.000009340766,0.0045748716,0.015638795,0.0018786389,0.021695158],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002407614,0.00025739984,0.010769601,0.0022178704,0.000041292176,0.000003562116,0.9711145,0.0041427207,0.005378375,0.0039692344,0.0012585225,0.00060612464],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.059141528,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.18294495,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.38429016,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012489519,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008156197,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9471237},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2901160785","doi":"10.1007/s40037-018-0482-1","title":"Re-using questions in classroom-based assessment: An exploratory study at the undergraduate medical education level","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Perspectives on Medical Education","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke; Hôtel-Dieu de Québec","funders":"","keywords":"Context (archaeology); Cheating; Repeated measures design; Psychology; Quality (philosophy); Exploratory research; Medical education; Pooling; Variance (accounting); Applied psychology; Medicine; Computer science; Social psychology; Statistics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.06036400277014534,"score_gpt":0.4430604969798034,"score_spread":0.382696494209658,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2901160785","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.78603977,0.00024293236,0.003111782,0.18819448,0.00243688,0.0008231532,0.000005276614,0.00009168556,0.019054012],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9924375,0.00009473937,0.00048110718,0.00428365,0.0018997783,0.00011725824,0.00002488839,0.00001488436,0.00064623775],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.99467564,0.0023894554,0.00032838486,0.00046775254,0.0018197484,0.00031904128],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99814,0.0005270964,0.00014227323,0.0003113953,0.00042481546,0.00045446705],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005367996,0.00015204106,0.00016176909,0.00020816483,0.0011532343,0.00007195475,0.00051626295,0.00052546675,0.0018888046],"category_scores_gemma":[0.009882287,0.000121717436,0.000045929748,0.00061555894,0.0011137057,0.0003389679,0.000044317727,0.0015527408,0.00007872949],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011869304,0.0137884235,0.032516405,0.000016348346,0.000047898186,0.000004312471,0.6811296,0.00002039013,0.00003256205,0.19654293,0.024116695,0.051665757],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00047321845,0.00028194327,0.019499073,0.00024857535,0.00003339299,0.0000017038542,0.9521465,0.0024068085,0.000009231403,0.011039412,0.013617096,0.00024307234],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007889185,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0928435,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2710169,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0018074774,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.019810084,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9990236},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2901396287","doi":"10.1016/j.jht.2018.10.001","title":"Self-plagiarism is not easily defined, but should be avoided","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"editorial","venue":"Journal of Hand Therapy","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"St Joseph's Health Centre","funders":"","keywords":"Accidental; Psychology; Internet privacy; Computer science","score_opus":0.042157516803043485,"score_gpt":0.33588604285104195,"score_spread":0.2937285260479985,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2901396287","genre_codex":"editorial","genre_gemma":"editorial","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"editorial","genre_consensus":"editorial","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0046774447,0.004940234,0.00025001162,0.014831844,0.9621689,0.00031061808,0.0002471059,0.000057702076,0.012516149],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0014763523,0.040021315,0.0010073044,0.0033208455,0.94500893,0.0000040463065,0.000019757976,0.00006208919,0.009079364],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99399066,0.00079125393,0.001040903,0.0003510973,0.0031652371,0.0006608238],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99366647,0.0021532914,0.0015907816,0.00028770446,0.001930529,0.00037124605],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.006511224,0.00045544602,0.00096992165,0.000308568,0.0010616141,0.00042924454,0.0014470653,0.007323494,0.0012553305],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0020058502,0.00035507706,0.0006169057,0.00025991522,0.0005483832,0.0004661583,0.000048813894,0.009598592,0.00010669857],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00054264214,0.00010031691,0.000022701599,0.000019492945,0.00041407126,0.00005352525,0.017785773,1.6403307e-7,0.00013857869,0.0004375795,0.9785142,0.0019709424],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001502073,0.00045496333,0.000006248555,0.0001685164,0.00012145909,0.000016081598,0.00095221243,0.0000031155023,0.0012667737,0.004444564,0.99065644,0.00040754792],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0018518285,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00028852245,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03508108,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00032426533,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0029038698,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99989015},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"editorial","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"editorial","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"}],"label_agreement":"agree"},{"id":"W2902813639","doi":"10.19173/irrodl.v19i5.3698","title":"Interaction of Proctoring and Student Major on Online Test Performance","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":65,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Academic dishonesty; Cheating; Academic integrity; Test (biology); Online learning; Psychology; Mathematics education; Medical education; Computer science; Medicine; Multimedia","score_opus":0.11714743683188585,"score_gpt":0.5079182663745356,"score_spread":0.3907708295426498,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2902813639","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96822876,0.0019209118,0.000017662232,0.009051706,0.00009383129,0.00043190835,0.000024722985,0.000004237362,0.020226253],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9679127,0.031489875,0.00003554575,0.00007133566,0.00011229094,0.000009859724,0.00001838226,0.0000020648422,0.00034798292],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986845,0.00032308628,0.0002177,0.00010819006,0.0005456665,0.00012083379],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99832577,0.0010991822,0.000111099034,0.000057460038,0.00037330482,0.000033191864],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.006363311,0.000041885778,0.00011792213,0.00006370602,0.000212912,0.000049895894,0.0004847602,0.000049588165,0.00011175429],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004545227,0.000029041805,0.000012726859,0.0002220781,0.000346223,0.00017872792,0.00027554572,0.0008169506,0.0000042978695],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004130282,0.0005242533,0.73464686,0.0019461017,0.00007795408,0.000004495478,0.010578296,0.000017841066,0.0005442734,0.045178857,0.0028891724,0.20317887],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013743122,0.0013617034,0.26749992,0.059243444,0.00002681396,0.000013617741,0.058152094,0.0026237515,0.0018410385,0.0020078365,0.6055707,0.0002848286],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013609407,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00016332488,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.60268146,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007174874,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000088133966,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.54413897},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2904593008","doi":"10.1016/j.amjmed.2018.11.034","title":"The Ego Has Landed! What Can Be Done About Research Misconduct, Scandals, and Spins?","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"editorial","venue":"The American Journal of Medicine","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Scopus; Misconduct; Incentive; Medicine; Scientific misconduct; Public relations; Political science; Law; Alternative medicine; MEDLINE","score_opus":0.07605535085895729,"score_gpt":0.41568087632625395,"score_spread":0.33962552546729663,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2904593008","genre_codex":"editorial","genre_gemma":"editorial","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"editorial","genre_consensus":"editorial","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.015387793,0.025498373,0.000015357933,0.4242401,0.531165,0.0003087386,0.00002907824,0.000014376914,0.003341183],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.011604542,0.13660854,0.000028828546,0.0011905389,0.8461654,0.0000036558743,0.0000073240303,0.000026746156,0.0043644207],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99149716,0.0030310089,0.0007091721,0.00024461604,0.003799687,0.0007183739],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9865239,0.009452603,0.0013548055,0.00038280876,0.0018801196,0.00040572873],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["metaresearch","sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.033617128,0.0002495962,0.00084821606,0.00020654331,0.002569167,0.00039292354,0.001866809,0.0005786135,0.000148732],"category_scores_gemma":[0.014650623,0.00011425562,0.000103942475,0.00059596956,0.022710213,0.00022679057,0.00014056884,0.008571996,0.0000077372115],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00028220893,0.000008447222,0.000011227513,0.000009225477,0.00012340718,0.000024809618,0.035380997,8.788767e-8,0.00002276789,0.00025921388,0.93944246,0.02443516],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00050881424,0.0010616516,0.000031423016,0.001018881,0.00011147147,0.000036395173,0.09526229,8.342532e-7,0.000008335535,0.0027548897,0.8990832,0.00012184069],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.027827982,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0064512067,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.42304957,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024143736,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0025343117,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99872935},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"evaluation","study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"editorial","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"editorial","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W2905211245","doi":"","title":"LibGuides: Architecture: Avoid Plagiarism by Citing your Sources | The APA, MLA, Chicago, & Vancouver Citation Styles","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"libguides","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Citation; Architecture; Computer science; Library science; Geography; Archaeology","score_opus":0.02425563291438315,"score_gpt":0.29305925340933076,"score_spread":0.2688036204949476,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2905211245","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0022367279,0.008263451,0.01809872,0.017774265,0.0054683476,0.0014314057,0.00053587987,0.0008327155,0.9453585],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.02913085,0.007115035,0.0060844184,0.031612154,0.025032418,0.00014291312,0.0013028447,0.00034903391,0.89923036],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99256873,0.0013508798,0.0011917072,0.00095800083,0.002464231,0.0014664646],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9930103,0.0047684032,0.00094817986,0.0005313806,0.0004047307,0.00033700358],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.008539716,0.0007757055,0.0007670905,0.00040808987,0.0029661683,0.00058109383,0.0021734983,0.005944312,0.002507793],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004266823,0.000551699,0.0004531261,0.00080777204,0.0014100055,0.00038368575,0.00022919335,0.010924139,0.0002155615],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000022102056,0.00002913658,0.000079692385,0.000067046756,0.00013625645,0.000009783681,0.030986728,0.000028325067,0.000028055314,0.008686487,0.94211894,0.017807428],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00019930268,0.00003548666,0.00002293717,0.00024164302,0.00013685487,0.0000056859576,0.05632918,0.000038981332,0.00017548594,0.013282829,0.92879564,0.00073597976],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.034826946,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.033658963,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.046128154,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00029015949,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007854261,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99969345},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2907672252","doi":"10.1080/03075079.2018.1564258","title":"Cheaters on Twitter: an analysis of engagement approaches of contract cheating services","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Studies in Higher Education","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":45,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Centre for Social Innovation","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Outreach; Misconduct; Higher education; Academic integrity; Exploratory research; Subject (documents); Competition (biology); Public relations; Business; Sociology; Marketing; Computer science; Psychology; Political science; World Wide Web; Social psychology; Law","score_opus":0.17612637209922144,"score_gpt":0.41218216679976005,"score_spread":0.2360557947005386,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2907672252","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96981055,0.0003700971,9.863796e-7,0.00096714095,0.0006198727,0.00018264465,0.0000025309173,0.000008415585,0.028037783],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99865764,0.00012213306,0.00015407648,0.00019925996,0.00011262022,0.000018680026,0.00001341066,0.00000301216,0.0007191392],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989844,0.0002695341,0.00024387622,0.0001541923,0.00022751298,0.00012049375],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993372,0.00024909974,0.00017595236,0.0001231906,0.000094539966,0.000020033798],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001353667,0.00006802419,0.00024742237,0.0001830097,0.00007512601,0.000006436758,0.00014822037,0.00012025794,0.00017027163],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004055937,0.000059919697,0.00004694418,0.0004470245,0.000113436196,0.0001244492,0.000018954295,0.00022370701,0.0000032320645],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000024895478,0.00026078627,0.6094881,0.00015380577,0.00046665408,5.359364e-8,0.35758418,0.00036867955,0.00018934057,0.029326363,0.000077187426,0.0020599533],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00016754048,0.000082652645,0.5505107,0.0001928485,0.0002966943,1.930722e-8,0.44409183,0.00022664959,0.0005898959,0.0008552132,0.0028410929,0.00014487706],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0035813958,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003838209,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08650766,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000120659795,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005571911,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5414023},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2908030757","doi":"10.1002/9781118784235.eelt0550","title":"Reading and Writing Connections in Source‐Based Writing","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"The TESOL Encyclopedia of English Language Teaching","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Reading (process); Discipline; Academic writing; Context (archaeology); Raising (metalworking); Ethnography; Professional writing; Pedagogy; Mathematics education; Psychology; Computer science; Linguistics; Sociology; Engineering","score_opus":0.010949775709582363,"score_gpt":0.2900594712913776,"score_spread":0.2791096955817952,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2908030757","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.012639325,0.00095108495,0.00049228896,0.00021357866,0.0005365511,0.00036615864,0.000024198489,0.00034151296,0.9844353],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5003769,0.0014732896,0.008859213,0.0008285544,0.02432965,0.00008342336,0.0000864359,0.000735285,0.46322727],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99745375,0.0009422842,0.00042410556,0.00033004698,0.00037034677,0.0004794405],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9971786,0.002026948,0.00037050396,0.0002693063,0.000067703164,0.00008694362],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005015767,0.0002460917,0.00039154795,0.0003227949,0.0005199435,0.00006830159,0.00047571116,0.0008384008,0.00084270065],"category_scores_gemma":[0.009374244,0.00021402308,0.000078978446,0.00021769405,0.00045852017,0.00011867726,0.00010257674,0.002396317,0.000013265377],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014878155,0.00007824836,0.009496652,0.00025826032,0.000073361545,0.000023140386,0.8388722,0.000012140873,0.0000365417,0.018907992,0.098051876,0.0341747],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00034232409,0.000026088977,0.00005568558,0.0016224532,0.00007043503,0.0000015561961,0.24709466,0.00024289206,0.000009521909,0.00018412751,0.74993193,0.00041830435],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.023761226,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00431411,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6518801,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007972427,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012247221,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99990517},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2908407460","doi":"10.1002/ieam.4119","title":"Scientific integrity issues in Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry: Improving research reproducibility, credibility, and transparency","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":56,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"Natural Environment Research Council; Sight Research UK","keywords":"Credibility; Transparency (behavior); Scientific integrity; Scientific misconduct; Misconduct; Research integrity; Engineering ethics; Rigour; Political science; Medicine; Engineering; Law; Epistemology; Alternative medicine","score_opus":0.10770681574271605,"score_gpt":0.42169450875953407,"score_spread":0.313987693016818,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2908407460","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.029577738,0.9595389,0.000027116826,0.0007438918,0.00045225312,0.0037237727,0.00024682714,0.00005691754,0.0056325807],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.030487813,0.9626685,0.000495391,0.000026852278,0.0001030558,0.00023411094,0.000355398,0.000037841826,0.0055910856],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99288666,0.0015072473,0.00094372727,0.00280376,0.00096832344,0.0008902551],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981963,0.00038728316,0.00024495338,0.0008987946,0.00001314957,0.00025954345],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.011981134,0.0006024936,0.0012340329,0.00037070693,0.00077937375,0.00046128922,0.0006009215,0.001275267,0.00051357783],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011450906,0.00053733255,0.00013262735,0.0003607779,0.0029507,0.0004054659,0.0010767792,0.003952737,0.000027644059],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000020833177,0.00048425092,0.005676142,0.006297775,0.00014991687,0.000046552355,0.0027988357,2.8484655e-7,0.00009456882,0.0017964904,0.000566368,0.982068],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004195078,0.00012785148,0.0024401785,0.002059024,0.00032142378,0.000013030644,0.012423775,0.00008045056,0.000010969567,0.0015241129,0.97992367,0.00065600674],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0017934572,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00058368983,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.981412,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0016003444,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00019796779,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997627},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2914134160","doi":"10.3138/jsp.50.2.01","title":"Blacklisting or Whitelisting? Deterring Faculty in Developing Countries from Publishing in Substandard Journals","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Scholarly Publishing","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Blacklisting; Publishing; Thriving; Publication; Scholarship; Developing country; Political science; Deterrence theory; Public relations; Business; Sociology; Law; Economics; Social science; Economic growth","score_opus":0.07795371365937098,"score_gpt":0.346637096801237,"score_spread":0.268683383141866,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2914134160","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9442925,0.0011612867,0.0009387507,0.039487015,0.0014289788,0.00019754987,0.00003061417,0.000036307738,0.012427034],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9825935,0.00045985472,0.011955779,0.0029853738,0.0016042329,0.000002036917,0.000008939555,0.000034102162,0.0003562136],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.992624,0.001020803,0.0020457604,0.0003905897,0.0029354668,0.000983383],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99227625,0.0025235417,0.00186102,0.00019098273,0.0027815886,0.00036663623],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","scholarly_communication","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["metaresearch","scholarly_communication","research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.039916467,0.00027196572,0.00074526016,0.0013392012,0.0005536486,0.06487732,0.0021320581,0.0014239642,0.00044821575],"category_scores_gemma":[0.07351432,0.00023736166,0.00015293254,0.0017850086,0.00011457238,0.17037664,0.00025179773,0.011914142,0.000012976457],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001976135,0.000022421651,0.9264509,0.000032349548,0.00003844224,0.00024531604,0.0601226,0.00018039251,0.00015324804,0.0032974288,0.003380372,0.0058789235],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005764173,0.00012523905,0.3823194,0.013059237,0.00006119969,0.0001729647,0.14893682,0.00040158306,0.00050285313,0.018422563,0.428829,0.0014049773],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.011718395,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.018879432,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5441315,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0019898769,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002620743,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998724},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2914199159","doi":"10.1007/s10459-019-09876-7","title":"Salami-slicing and plagiarism: How should we respond?","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"editorial","venue":"Advances in Health Sciences Education","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":50,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Impact; McMaster University; University of Toronto; University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Slicing; Computer science; Academic integrity; Medical education; Medicine; World Wide Web; Library science","score_opus":0.026584919306302867,"score_gpt":0.4158786635765499,"score_spread":0.38929374427024704,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2914199159","genre_codex":"editorial","genre_gemma":"editorial","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"editorial","genre_consensus":"editorial","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00047634295,0.05497865,0.00013199482,0.051313523,0.87412333,0.0009620667,0.00003637078,0.00007156493,0.017906146],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.006226241,0.32134828,0.003352588,0.0018605668,0.6518889,0.00012287407,0.00010819802,0.000038486192,0.015053868],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9945643,0.0010876781,0.0006096279,0.0009621192,0.0018411635,0.00093511195],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99355924,0.004860129,0.00079559366,0.00026430975,0.0002583938,0.00026230767],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.011337992,0.00031371243,0.00055161136,0.0006206413,0.0013092926,0.000322485,0.0009409025,0.0022457044,0.0000351448],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0067808894,0.00029907507,0.000052129624,0.0011880107,0.0011676071,0.001930831,0.00009115485,0.0040710387,0.000023787918],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000021663047,0.00004367852,0.0014849771,0.0005373029,0.0000026140956,4.860309e-7,0.023350993,0.000035726138,0.000001094543,0.017489957,0.8761643,0.080867164],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00010842767,0.000115276875,0.000073655676,0.001173761,0.0000050852705,7.6908253e-7,0.02200688,0.000063421176,0.000001577679,0.010148517,0.9659988,0.00030381072],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.013660336,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.011601725,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.26636964,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009165566,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.012849972,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999909},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2917674691","doi":"10.18162/fp.2019.a162","title":"Que pensent les futurs enseignants du plagiat scolaire?","year":2019,"lang":"fr","type":"article","venue":"Formation et profession","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Humanities; Art","score_opus":0.03020680565466486,"score_gpt":0.3094420592254221,"score_spread":0.27923525357075724,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2917674691","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8674414,0.0012557718,0.0016918982,0.05149445,0.010344745,0.00093543,0.00003882388,0.00010639792,0.06669105],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.94982886,0.002038072,0.00026204117,0.0017540242,0.0007007945,0.000018765093,0.000098333105,0.00001698207,0.04528214],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99652535,0.0014621941,0.0005185616,0.00025272183,0.000731933,0.000509259],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99873525,0.0002827983,0.00042953712,0.00018802544,0.00021406639,0.00015033709],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0029380266,0.00022702714,0.00025814804,0.000105068655,0.00093748525,0.00007883071,0.00031796575,0.001626422,0.0030374858],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002015905,0.00019920299,0.00011767611,0.0003066923,0.00017349582,0.0024270276,0.000115173476,0.0019711996,0.0049986555],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012034646,0.0001893712,0.00563573,0.00056662486,0.000026615176,0.0000064333362,0.57100666,0.000084241125,0.0006524254,0.25622538,0.122225545,0.043260634],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010017679,0.00016643082,0.005148897,0.0030424858,0.000047705686,0.00002737096,0.28081974,0.0063518803,0.0018676472,0.0076573286,0.6932372,0.00063158874],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0016551766,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00062920473,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5710116,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003286561,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00038940422,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996697},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2917784508","doi":"10.5539/ies.v12n3p10","title":"Rationality and Students’ Misconduct at University: Empirical Evidence and Policy Implications","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Education Studies","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Misconduct; Psychology; Seniority; Punitive damages; Social psychology; Academic integrity; Rationality; Criminology; Political science; Law","score_opus":0.2146193703742991,"score_gpt":0.508849539181875,"score_spread":0.2942301688075759,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2917784508","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8752544,0.0012578312,0.000018682806,0.11155825,0.00066555716,0.00015157372,0.000012669737,0.000020488693,0.011060541],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9684184,0.004400213,0.00022248332,0.0016375621,0.0002960846,0.000006586603,0.000008604817,0.0000027231831,0.025007302],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.999126,0.00012994869,0.0001231988,0.00021595332,0.0003036154,0.000101241756],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99857163,0.00063981157,0.000079299054,0.00007108618,0.000569648,0.00006854047],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00046451742,0.0000674565,0.000092962364,0.00011000927,0.00042518624,0.000054896336,0.00020132709,0.000099414116,0.000118123615],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0016669116,0.00006811836,0.000021320515,0.00014284342,0.00029630965,0.00039782215,0.0001725988,0.0001729281,0.000046958387],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014645933,0.000061684324,0.77901554,0.000009775551,0.00009378216,1.6141185e-7,0.018700607,7.286894e-7,0.00019195008,0.18617813,0.013822354,0.0019106391],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00014785495,0.000014577364,0.5279373,0.00006687233,0.000020737154,0.000006299022,0.027450094,0.0000046678765,0.00003262381,0.01313741,0.43105388,0.00012769375],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011772359,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00035268566,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.41723153,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00032379394,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00043720784,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.32702318},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2920377922","doi":"10.1007/s11948-019-00094-3","title":"Scientific Integrity Principles and Best Practices: Recommendations from a Scientific Integrity Consortium","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Science and Engineering Ethics","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":170,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; Canadian Nutrition Society","funders":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research; National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine","keywords":"Scientific integrity; Transparency (behavior); Engineering ethics; Best practice; Publication; Harmonization; Scientific misconduct; Research integrity; Process (computing); Philosophy of science; Academic integrity; Scientific evidence; Data integrity; Research ethics; Quality (philosophy); Computer science; Political science; Medicine; Engineering; Law; Computer security","score_opus":0.15591522983758016,"score_gpt":0.3841029606226381,"score_spread":0.22818773078505794,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2920377922","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9709828,0.00035146583,0.00067432,0.017510792,0.0037934468,0.00030334987,0.00006362767,0.00012104207,0.00619914],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9900523,0.0003720737,0.0062828152,0.00023894788,0.00014524125,0.000008995726,0.00001734199,0.000008881978,0.0028734296],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9971929,0.00017259705,0.00026537446,0.00071548385,0.0011320555,0.00052159705],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9965155,0.0017835483,0.0001942748,0.00032333282,0.000876499,0.00030683124],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts","scholarly_communication","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.018736294,0.00015330283,0.00018073451,0.00028733842,0.002647763,0.001970425,0.00059439085,0.00063722924,0.000107042724],"category_scores_gemma":[0.020652505,0.00014367273,0.0000288933,0.0012088075,0.0036439802,0.0017970683,0.00024186628,0.0044708205,0.00007452969],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018047362,0.00015944349,0.025925012,0.0001849126,0.00003438337,0.0000049202863,0.15840957,0.00010148952,0.026330441,0.77855486,0.0019656664,0.008311264],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00021448951,0.00005091704,0.002869517,0.0004159062,0.00003523625,0.000006819417,0.030127564,0.015194519,0.00121075,0.0057052197,0.9436748,0.00049425865],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006098246,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0027359123,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.94170916,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015200271,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0019954955,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99906754},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"methods","study_design":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre":"methods","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"methods","study_design":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre":"commentary","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"}],"label_agreement":"agree"},{"id":"W2942060765","doi":"10.3968/10978","title":"Analysis and Countermeasures of College Students’ Cheating in Examinations: Taking X as an Example","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Higher education of social science","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Honesty; Phenomenon; Psychology; Mathematics education; Curriculum; Medical education; Pedagogy; Social psychology; Medicine; Epistemology","score_opus":0.05334930856755935,"score_gpt":0.4047640752704781,"score_spread":0.3514147667029187,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2942060765","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9163643,0.000029487208,0.000018724873,0.00016845339,0.00021121501,0.0001033625,0.0000033419456,0.0000073737033,0.083093725],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984291,0.000010610298,0.00026812378,0.00010866019,0.00020315798,0.0000074251843,0.0000015838979,0.0000020651678,0.0009692535],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984786,0.00017509742,0.0002275807,0.00020114298,0.00074853783,0.0001690522],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989546,0.00011733827,0.0002606828,0.00007448847,0.00053375564,0.000059147926],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0034194554,0.000051429324,0.0001371747,0.00031616224,0.0006260392,0.00004505477,0.0003860936,0.00012909244,0.0003589705],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00033618073,0.000054696968,0.000022391645,0.0022952808,0.0017906504,0.0004881191,0.000036510784,0.00013400307,0.0000017407251],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000047807584,0.00014867334,0.38800636,0.0000069852167,0.000011927455,5.6122342e-8,0.14115828,2.025489e-7,0.0015917006,0.46656746,0.000054375432,0.0024491977],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005851871,0.000025686675,0.9633867,0.000018998344,0.000025096979,7.439123e-8,0.031085216,0.000008574992,0.0005619231,0.0027974043,0.0019716448,0.00006012671],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.033556473,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0017532632,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5753804,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001394655,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006948142,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9728792},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2944645468","doi":"10.11575/prism/36469","title":"Canadian Symposium on Academic Integrity: Program and Abstracts","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Open MIND","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Research integrity; Political science; Engineering ethics; Medical education; Library science; Medicine; Computer science; Public relations; Engineering","score_opus":0.04163247236112377,"score_gpt":0.3563635695918783,"score_spread":0.31473109723075454,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2944645468","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.50309044,0.000022846058,1.7427902e-7,0.012710891,0.00022181052,0.00056901993,0.000016436767,0.0000028111012,0.48336554],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97246844,0.00011008402,0.00055373297,0.00073036394,0.00016756164,0.0000121329695,0.000013081913,0.0000069739544,0.025937652],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988632,0.000108948705,0.00015342927,0.00026731085,0.00021977871,0.00038730915],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992958,0.0001398683,0.000058033278,0.00011656411,0.00004288612,0.00034687453],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0016327454,0.00009443943,0.0001327936,0.000069100286,0.0002797134,0.00022769562,0.00054704817,0.0008380111,0.0025883822],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016903674,0.000086803506,0.000020959593,0.00012146736,0.00010875713,0.00032726483,0.00005914635,0.0023118008,0.0024852427],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006143167,0.00007217507,0.028657861,0.000011879574,0.000040442843,0.00003209733,0.048264604,0.000007550284,0.00045909392,0.01793481,0.017567798,0.88689023],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00013058264,0.00006599012,0.0019585702,0.000065063105,0.000007366531,0.0000024262797,0.0036876013,0.000021323845,0.00023502398,0.00070907996,0.9929725,0.000144458],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.38741297,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.3521724,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.97540474,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001764098,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008617061,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999899},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2945444781","doi":"10.11575/jet.v51i3.68273","title":"Exploring the Intersection Between Culturally Responsive Pedagogy and Academic Integrity Among EAL Students in Canadian Higher Education","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Calgary","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Pedagogy; Academic integrity; Culturally sensitive; Sociology; Higher education; Cultural diversity; Cultural competence; Psychology; Political science; Social psychology","score_opus":0.050757512323051354,"score_gpt":0.3150000572524156,"score_spread":0.2642425449293642,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2945444781","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98093694,0.000037055946,0.000007660105,0.0027248813,0.00036865665,0.00020671559,0.0000026768705,0.0000097469965,0.015705656],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9943608,0.00015222187,0.000029239134,0.00010469938,0.00007995219,3.3820473e-7,0.0000058068995,0.0000022163679,0.005264735],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990861,0.00031061517,0.000085759864,0.00013311369,0.00020087842,0.00018353449],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995191,0.00016379706,0.00005868065,0.00006307275,0.00007670764,0.00011864477],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00081372523,0.000057856247,0.000101706755,0.00011527496,0.00022628623,0.000011747644,0.00031019424,0.00029038213,0.00011044813],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000079301884,0.00005466602,0.000026576683,0.00015780043,0.00022130035,0.00048303444,0.00006119294,0.0014082605,0.0000145366375],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000032276024,0.000005274748,0.93222463,0.000005419429,0.0000110861565,0.0000015815905,0.05169969,5.8679024e-7,0.000027690661,0.010483233,0.00034272365,0.0051658005],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00011463946,0.000015609798,0.92442477,0.00005952647,0.00001196062,2.9042067e-7,0.047307443,0.0000052686796,0.000010486171,0.00043639896,0.027551124,0.00006247633],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.86640537,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.64298457,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.22342077,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00042681093,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006893736,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.61182696},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2947736140","doi":"","title":"LibGuides: International Students' Guide to the Dalhousie Libraries: Avoid Plagiarism by Citing your Sources | The APA, MLA, Chicago, & Vancouver Citation Styles","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"libguides","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Citation; Library science; Sociology; Data science; Computer science","score_opus":0.020406083521578657,"score_gpt":0.31424772949241336,"score_spread":0.29384164597083473,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2947736140","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.003498888,0.0019339519,0.00926679,0.08664017,0.015719272,0.0023743084,0.0013381876,0.0007456831,0.87848276],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.008236117,0.002859253,0.0031002008,0.044397745,0.027008604,0.00027699157,0.0008326421,0.00019415564,0.9130943],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99142504,0.0013299165,0.001366678,0.0010164704,0.0037842938,0.0010776187],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99395794,0.0032964346,0.0009296317,0.0007359863,0.0007758963,0.0003041362],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","scholarly_communication","open_science","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.007831543,0.0007112871,0.00061458355,0.00029530338,0.0036153523,0.002339383,0.0070214504,0.0027739974,0.0048561036],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00695143,0.00043990463,0.00035134645,0.00071586826,0.0012971122,0.0009906673,0.0011209728,0.004743689,0.0006735659],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000027314487,0.000042577587,0.00044814506,0.000018633742,0.00029644158,0.000003994574,0.06185164,0.000014365868,0.000007339402,0.0085563,0.92628634,0.002446923],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00021329589,0.00004867777,0.00008800579,0.00023576526,0.00011639195,0.0000026310538,0.09616307,0.00006272155,0.000063217776,0.0033406848,0.89910555,0.00055996486],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.022435652,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.020544564,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.04224243,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002996407,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00095531356,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998053},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2948251768","doi":"10.1007/s11948-019-00112-4","title":"Misconduct and Misbehavior Related to Authorship Disagreements in Collaborative Science","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Science and Engineering Ethics","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":81,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal","funders":"National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences; Fonds de Recherche du Québec - Santé; National Institutes of Health","keywords":"Scientific misconduct; Psychology; Multidisciplinary approach; Hostility; Research integrity; Social psychology; Social science; Public relations; Sociology; Political science; Medicine; Alternative medicine","score_opus":0.037397476199452065,"score_gpt":0.3625665209387409,"score_spread":0.32516904473928887,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2948251768","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9903194,0.00007497041,0.000020985528,0.0047257906,0.00048041766,0.00023644266,0.0000032483556,0.000028733364,0.0041100564],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983009,0.000067550725,0.00080330204,0.0002412898,0.000014522681,0.0000046871755,2.8122255e-7,0.0000034852862,0.0005639857],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981682,0.000051181174,0.00013187368,0.000342516,0.00087063015,0.00043562296],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99911755,0.0002280847,0.000024365152,0.000102097976,0.00026502647,0.00026285258],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.011432629,0.000082942635,0.00010277072,0.00028102245,0.0005252549,0.00018605986,0.0003505719,0.0003082743,0.00001737405],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004117061,0.00007853215,0.0000064226797,0.002440132,0.0012448475,0.0006901373,0.000102272985,0.0013359953,0.000016772434],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010375163,0.000026316347,0.04812482,0.000053262906,0.000003333169,0.0000072463313,0.46540692,0.00050611404,0.09536622,0.38735974,0.00009150758,0.0030441512],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0022604265,0.0007538129,0.5986566,0.0022994662,0.00005511915,0.000029092811,0.20680311,0.019450387,0.026726404,0.026231153,0.113220505,0.003513903],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006809524,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00020912479,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5505318,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015077807,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009801249,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5804309},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"incentives","study_design":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"methods","study_design":"design_other","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"medium"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W2949136345","doi":"","title":"LibGuides: International Students' Guide to the Dalhousie Libraries: What is Plagiarism?","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"libguides","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Library science; Political science; Geography; Computer science","score_opus":0.02291004324985799,"score_gpt":0.33931486728405286,"score_spread":0.31640482403419484,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2949136345","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00011676798,0.0019687829,0.0017837923,0.22323701,0.025145095,0.0011646484,0.00040524278,0.00044078444,0.74573785],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00012321438,0.020586438,0.0029774888,0.11415012,0.022453588,0.00009645559,0.00029829628,0.00009584468,0.83921856],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99283266,0.0005991527,0.0010638812,0.000991325,0.0035204336,0.0009925242],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99627656,0.001223073,0.00043085756,0.0008795703,0.00076520356,0.0004247207],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","scholarly_communication","open_science","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.004949947,0.0005933935,0.00059950777,0.0003303822,0.0015890092,0.004594643,0.008240559,0.004033864,0.025401153],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0023623884,0.00042409226,0.00035725828,0.0005961968,0.0009416016,0.00215978,0.0015532091,0.003926795,0.005408922],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002150309,0.000038034505,0.00017888063,0.000012150088,0.00024817736,0.000010269657,0.059463877,8.6700624e-7,5.3373793e-7,0.015007522,0.9181672,0.0068509895],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00015561596,0.00004877302,0.000034273802,0.0004160887,0.00007245212,0.0000036672902,0.036278367,0.00001206207,0.000047201953,0.0041290154,0.9582519,0.00055056944],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.014642403,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004146455,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.109086886,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003195631,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001485051,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99982107},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":[],"domain":null,"study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"other","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"},{"model":"gpt","categories":[],"domain":null,"study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"other","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"}],"label_agreement":"agree"},{"id":"W2952264314","doi":"10.48550/arxiv.0906.4019","title":"On the prevalence and scientific impact of duplicate publications in different scientific fields (1980-2007)","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"ArXiv.org","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Metadata; Library science; Field (mathematics); Scientific literature; Scientific field; Data science; Information retrieval; Geography; Computer science; World Wide Web; Mathematics; Biology; Engineering","score_opus":0.07229518415060894,"score_gpt":0.3446323455733842,"score_spread":0.27233716142277525,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2952264314","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9832956,0.0005124648,0.000059530346,0.009394536,0.00077695376,0.0006589025,0.00007683506,0.00004247219,0.0051827077],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99110657,0.00031046796,0.000013815959,0.000107017484,0.000151818,0.000046050485,0.000026047883,0.000007580513,0.008230651],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9974047,0.00043219895,0.00041366165,0.000708862,0.00059436855,0.00044622674],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978358,0.00068125996,0.0003075095,0.0007955702,0.00024099626,0.00013886268],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0036367357,0.000233369,0.00029387762,0.00030844627,0.00089173985,0.00042861182,0.0012214269,0.00083540357,0.00043358895],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0016571262,0.00015106019,0.00017859059,0.00060946005,0.0015037026,0.00016449815,0.00032754015,0.002328161,0.000050643535],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000026369991,0.0003571056,0.847349,0.00015196335,0.00005143862,0.0000014756025,0.022246938,0.00010785094,0.0004068098,0.10091496,0.026871726,0.0015143681],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009794953,0.00004197388,0.95431983,0.00032765217,0.000031631196,5.689673e-7,0.00027591916,0.00023008828,0.00018320968,0.04033259,0.003919149,0.00023941713],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0017253334,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00085086824,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.10697086,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019360836,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005750085,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99997354},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2953760407","doi":"10.11575/prism/36149","title":"Searching Public Websites within Canadian Higher Education: Academic Integrity Tutorials [Infographic]","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"PRISM (University of Calgary)","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Infographic; Academic integrity; Higher education; Advertising; Public relations; World Wide Web; Political science; Computer science; Internet privacy; Library science; Business","score_opus":0.0269225477228169,"score_gpt":0.26409029710068765,"score_spread":0.23716774937787075,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2953760407","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.4812644,0.0004241292,0.00069153396,0.029909223,0.0028341715,0.00050306413,0.0000025940255,0.00010974992,0.48426113],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9331142,0.0003049087,0.004873676,0.0007519165,0.00029757063,6.3193113e-7,0.000027290778,0.000011676156,0.060618185],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981112,0.00043120494,0.00017747676,0.00028100822,0.0005396828,0.0004594654],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99861574,0.00024686876,0.00017713208,0.00021645789,0.00023187655,0.000511948],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0020700498,0.0001279787,0.00024568752,0.00044581512,0.00069515785,0.0000466554,0.0008808854,0.0010467998,0.0043559186],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002556117,0.00015488916,0.000121324854,0.0005467829,0.00043791282,0.0008524412,0.00009207492,0.0027832717,0.00042456723],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002225691,0.00003299579,0.07819779,0.000032065633,0.000055432854,0.000004824051,0.01965838,2.223624e-7,0.00016526772,0.85735744,0.023370866,0.021102466],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00022331416,0.000024942352,0.026229596,0.000075283475,0.000028687798,0.0000011974475,0.0037687945,0.00017527553,0.000020279906,0.020982433,0.94821477,0.00025542302],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.62843674,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.049936615,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9248439,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00031053775,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0038149895,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995173},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2967929375","doi":"10.1101/734137","title":"What difference do retractions make? An estimate of the epistemic impact of retractions on recent meta-analyses","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ottawa Public Health; Ottawa Hospital; University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Sample size determination; Meta-analysis; Publication bias; Null hypothesis; Statistics; Psychology; Econometrics; Epistemology; Confidence interval; Mathematics; Philosophy; Medicine","score_opus":0.10901960773852816,"score_gpt":0.37662186296776434,"score_spread":0.2676022552292362,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2967929375","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9879352,0.0018378738,0.00029864063,0.0027549597,0.0048495075,0.0011311094,0.00081534364,0.00013760547,0.00023979032],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9937571,0.0050829635,0.0005423433,0.000080845246,0.00037344338,0.00005486922,6.422036e-7,0.000047154772,0.00006060933],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9953826,0.0013212159,0.00090200396,0.0007714669,0.0011199695,0.00050274696],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9945227,0.0005775241,0.0016483294,0.0018033906,0.0012094973,0.0002385613],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.002818991,0.0004936403,0.0011035382,0.00028477635,0.0004789214,0.00027153917,0.0013446286,0.0018657292,0.00044918573],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0015985008,0.00035316864,0.00093995803,0.0009450092,0.0005155451,0.0004504332,0.00022151414,0.0037810523,0.000028925317],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000464822,0.0027328935,0.0686237,0.0012143651,0.019248383,0.000023795517,0.0031025836,0.011195615,0.8331544,0.05664227,0.0034590918,0.00013808857],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006503785,0.000440022,0.803238,0.0024502655,0.012470019,1.14724905e-7,0.0010103137,0.0010941734,0.16639166,0.0005638054,0.009316915,0.0023743392],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0033572533,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00016213876,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7346143,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00066129275,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0019300603,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99989206},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"evaluation","study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"evaluation","study_design":"design_other","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W2969243049","doi":"10.2196/13529","title":"Association of Online Learning Behavior and Learning Outcomes for Medical Students: Large-Scale Usage Data Analysis","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"JMIR Medical Education","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Leibniz-Gemeinschaft","keywords":"Multiple choice; Test (biology); Online learning; Medical education; Computer science; Scale (ratio); Psychology; Medicine; Multimedia; Significant difference","score_opus":0.018070022894283017,"score_gpt":0.41991967739626584,"score_spread":0.40184965450198284,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2969243049","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9845948,0.00007314873,0.00092218904,0.013019898,0.00045544744,0.0004074408,0.000028778095,0.000033779965,0.00046452327],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9820932,0.00027342554,0.00066868035,0.0009569874,0.0004277112,0.000053838743,0.0010451461,0.000009204589,0.014471814],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99641716,0.0005509848,0.00036665253,0.00028575916,0.0021315122,0.00024792907],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99792916,0.0012030611,0.00028640282,0.00015657578,0.00017944517,0.00024535108],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.009115385,0.000083133185,0.0002922948,0.00012535689,0.00026178008,0.00004366929,0.0006583507,0.00079834106,0.0021416168],"category_scores_gemma":[0.016290875,0.000075144526,0.000071666975,0.0003599246,0.00007978162,0.00024308577,0.00016394864,0.0013603038,0.000012216768],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000063037864,0.00042939556,0.9684034,0.00002019738,0.000105238694,1.5241062e-7,0.010137896,0.0000010939439,0.000002791744,0.0002921308,0.001918344,0.018683074],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00067967776,0.00005528552,0.7732175,0.00008087783,0.00048821527,3.945072e-7,0.03523634,0.004441185,0.0000015034441,0.00009249537,0.18555534,0.00015116057],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001043812,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00251534,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.19518586,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000112428505,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008318313,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99877053},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2969989490","doi":"10.29252/ijn.32.117.1","title":"“Editorial Letter”Managing Authorship Conflicts: A Guide for Researchers","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Iran Journal of Nursing","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Providence Health Care; Centre for Health Evaluation and Outcome Sciences","funders":"","keywords":"Psychology","score_opus":0.15228249889406636,"score_gpt":0.43732889573621636,"score_spread":0.28504639684215,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2969989490","genre_codex":"editorial","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.15012532,0.0014367085,0.03156714,0.18991204,0.4173336,0.0012638362,0.000016049735,0.00009186846,0.20825343],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.72078973,0.000096976735,0.005496605,0.0014766812,0.26662603,0.0000022751765,0.0000019799743,0.000035157955,0.0054745465],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99792266,0.00040223278,0.0003641184,0.00010913245,0.0007870268,0.00041480837],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983839,0.0007274026,0.00025916423,0.00007835014,0.00035629238,0.00019489332],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.007955934,0.0000786986,0.00019869408,0.00015366812,0.00032183834,0.00012653024,0.0004227811,0.00039910438,0.000077444805],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0018568604,0.00007313139,0.00014558337,0.00015611923,0.0002012961,0.00043163743,0.000008181963,0.0014833799,0.000018166094],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00039460245,0.000033648786,0.00031556145,0.000019220603,0.000042810632,0.000007161832,0.100033686,0.00002982513,0.002604027,0.012052884,0.86058635,0.023880204],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006541735,0.00013917928,0.000041511823,0.00052062713,0.000025725642,0.000008374917,0.01169837,0.00008354305,0.00014184848,0.024720289,0.96186364,0.000102696264],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00014702589,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000012126519,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.57066447,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003109149,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00023770246,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.644463},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2971970606","doi":"10.18162/ritpu-2019-v16n2-02","title":"Introduction to special issue - From plagiarism to academic integrity : Which skills, which strategies ?","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Revue internationale des technologies en pédagogie universitaire","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec en Outaouais","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Research integrity; Academic dishonesty; Engineering ethics; Psychology; Cheating; Engineering; Social psychology","score_opus":0.016530242268633477,"score_gpt":0.28877873010992483,"score_spread":0.27224848784129135,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2971970606","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.78566605,0.000104132894,0.0023906706,0.15303937,0.0025710938,0.0007357764,0.00013187846,0.0010569204,0.054304134],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8757259,0.0014969769,0.00597936,0.00030150462,0.00945135,0.000023561492,0.00013840385,0.000041020026,0.106841914],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.997299,0.00020341843,0.0003897398,0.0008372897,0.0006663789,0.00060415023],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99771863,0.0006095937,0.00017033887,0.00048106659,0.00086719246,0.00015319952],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008563793,0.00031361173,0.0003792229,0.00065717543,0.0004642368,0.00016665156,0.0021541538,0.0021077192,0.0019243001],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004610533,0.00035165416,0.00010277971,0.0014895601,0.00024936246,0.0013367543,0.0006561121,0.004002883,0.002528009],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00021813888,0.00020042308,0.023554374,0.00007444342,0.0003339229,0.000052792795,0.085631445,0.0019413948,0.0028027133,0.22840108,0.31951022,0.33727902],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00019471503,0.000118054,0.001916624,0.00019811289,0.000027381015,0.0000061042447,0.17561902,0.00006578927,0.0011864468,0.013759279,0.80649877,0.00040970123],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0033258954,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009910155,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.48698854,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0016790895,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005321306,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99989355},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2972587332","doi":"10.31468/cjsdwr.771","title":"A Foucauldian-Vygotskian Analysis of the Pedagogy of Academic Integrity","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Discourse and Writing/Rédactologie","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Context (archaeology); Pedagogy; Meaning (existential); Sociology; Order (exchange); Higher education; Psychology; Mathematics education; Engineering ethics; Political science; Social psychology; Engineering; Law","score_opus":0.10145586437855182,"score_gpt":0.45798669598834363,"score_spread":0.3565308316097918,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2972587332","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9714408,0.0006953252,0.000049818613,0.007885841,0.00021947817,0.00021391884,0.00006727196,0.000024753706,0.019402787],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980912,0.0007889733,0.000059218175,0.00027135396,0.00008986782,0.0000041667317,0.000008416382,0.000006439806,0.0006803641],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99811333,0.00038217125,0.0004430252,0.00027279582,0.00041225803,0.0003763918],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99832135,0.0008216205,0.0003536338,0.00027863713,0.00013732462,0.0000874474],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001770302,0.00014151988,0.0005059112,0.00018234651,0.00020273404,0.000017435785,0.00060337374,0.0008259443,0.0003385112],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009372407,0.0000989126,0.00027318916,0.0007908876,0.000996881,0.00019056875,0.0001337111,0.001955347,0.0000084847525],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000022145738,0.000041754243,0.88954765,0.000034726214,0.000264419,0.0000014074176,0.011997434,0.000012689807,0.0005284619,0.089283645,0.0004929763,0.0077727125],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006823936,0.00012856738,0.7372309,0.0003487835,0.0019713554,0.0000047660537,0.22459896,0.0005936866,0.0030070976,0.020176806,0.010638783,0.00061792653],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004360441,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014928414,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.21260153,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000037975282,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003859884,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8495118},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2973097717","doi":"10.1111/jonm.12868","title":"Writing for publication—Implications of text recycling and cut and paste writing","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Nursing Management","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Nursing management; Psychology; Medicine; Nursing","score_opus":0.04319384559076351,"score_gpt":0.3609937970459201,"score_spread":0.3177999514551566,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2973097717","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.75183797,0.0012015031,0.026910044,0.06900422,0.00056674203,0.0008681528,0.000008401023,0.000023508615,0.14957947],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9859998,0.00044503185,0.012563051,0.00022033235,0.00020972706,0.0000025413535,0.0000010744893,0.0000053848607,0.00055303774],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991498,0.0000604558,0.00037381353,0.00009128509,0.00018130176,0.00014334974],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99894065,0.0002898308,0.00040638368,0.00006073732,0.00024512727,0.000057303714],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0021611662,0.000048867074,0.00012920926,0.00013277137,0.0002426787,0.00008152992,0.0001236529,0.00008955533,0.000013772969],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018418676,0.000048233473,0.000037435195,0.000119951335,0.00008966296,0.00029589407,0.000018319457,0.00023381408,8.721228e-7],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000032614,0.00007721657,0.017748728,0.00014576165,0.00007962394,5.5609223e-7,0.010122181,0.000020009786,0.00046991082,0.4172204,0.0047419015,0.5493411],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003878251,0.0005613311,0.17558196,0.008661497,0.0008059675,0.00011709262,0.24177521,0.002198444,0.0005115209,0.2164006,0.34866363,0.00084450404],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000010533551,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000024951046,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.54849654,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006353266,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000023757488,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.19669038},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2975812787","doi":"10.11575/prism/36485","title":"Plagiarism perceptions among post-secondary students and faculty - A case study: Research project brief","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Open MIND","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Psychology; Medical education; Perception; Mathematics education; Pedagogy; Medicine","score_opus":0.15725622956429125,"score_gpt":0.4944760656588576,"score_spread":0.33721983609456635,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2975812787","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.92376596,0.000026406955,0.0000011139853,0.00045701416,0.00012561992,0.0026523776,0.000106849526,0.0000041904555,0.07286044],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.961918,0.000019021094,0.00026687875,0.000073942276,0.000109170294,0.000037616537,0.000023780163,0.000010527524,0.03754104],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.99671733,0.0011409367,0.00023945267,0.00051331206,0.00091340434,0.00047553063],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99889886,0.0003379819,0.00006485876,0.00024386586,0.00028333013,0.0001711235],"candidate_categories":["sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0071210875,0.00012836322,0.00021994564,0.00014790478,0.0013801159,0.00090863096,0.00090194755,0.0005887172,0.005492691],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003741972,0.00011687495,0.000036293182,0.0003520579,0.00043877232,0.00086509675,0.000733853,0.0026028946,0.0007336483],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000054110256,0.00036573078,0.39586678,0.000007054862,0.00006549742,0.00070576963,0.56657296,3.0163417e-7,0.00006368498,0.0000886364,0.0072843507,0.028925085],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008612064,0.00028883058,0.104562245,0.000034215675,0.00002414939,0.00010565409,0.7843567,0.000012803443,0.000008383932,0.000068266985,0.10946471,0.0002128315],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.21825176,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.059483618,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.29130456,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011097214,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007452246,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99991995},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"qualitative","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"medium"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"methods","study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W2976812174","doi":"10.1145/3349266.3351369","title":"How Selective True-False Questions Reward Student Recognition","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Ignorance; Set (abstract data type); Class (philosophy); Psychology; Mathematics education; Selection (genetic algorithm); Correlation; Computer science; Test (biology); Artificial intelligence; Social psychology; Cognitive psychology; Mathematics; Epistemology","score_opus":0.025518126396834737,"score_gpt":0.31806220423198406,"score_spread":0.2925440778351493,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2976812174","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.37945777,0.000078537545,0.0011855747,0.033357445,0.00090621307,0.0005671667,0.000013643765,0.00023033265,0.5842033],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9445006,0.00015090225,0.0005904185,0.0006351034,0.00029653337,0.000014225848,0.000008909662,0.0000049674086,0.053798303],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989163,0.00027024918,0.0000912136,0.00017591646,0.00032421222,0.00022205708],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99941665,0.00019298586,0.000047148184,0.00007830849,0.00018728263,0.00007761159],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009159221,0.00006822219,0.00009916561,0.00004980674,0.00027523565,0.000102912054,0.00015677509,0.0003840719,0.00080414274],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003826157,0.000061061066,0.000049054244,0.00020457257,0.00007255199,0.00034927728,0.000019428666,0.00063214405,0.0009782745],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000082576,0.00037099252,0.056832213,0.000027158283,0.00018019194,0.000008773217,0.13158984,0.000007603122,0.0013441026,0.55265385,0.15023682,0.10666588],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00061388826,0.000209277,0.018059542,0.000091380665,0.000061435756,0.0000044847193,0.08145944,0.000040418116,0.0017368251,0.11616734,0.78096664,0.0005893219],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0028018283,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0026168178,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.63072985,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013196908,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001187039,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99979955},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2977875657","doi":"","title":"Combatting Plagiarism from a Transformational Viewpoint","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Transformative Learning","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Windsor","funders":"","keywords":"Transformational leadership; Academic integrity; Convention; Perception; Plagiarism detection; Psychology; Pedagogy; Mathematics education; Sociology; Computer science; Social psychology; Social science; Information retrieval","score_opus":0.011269328890205974,"score_gpt":0.2803632722449976,"score_spread":0.2690939433547916,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2977875657","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7968812,0.0005532004,0.0678662,0.013112778,0.00096154097,0.00030658147,0.000016568889,0.000049268237,0.12025266],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9962754,0.00044158348,0.0019127099,0.0006216058,0.00035706692,0.0000011659903,0.000008470991,0.000009961881,0.00037202638],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9973448,0.0006652012,0.00073798496,0.00008536807,0.0008595981,0.00030702865],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982089,0.0007980841,0.000487756,0.00004559166,0.00031681583,0.00014288345],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003780656,0.00013228324,0.00034469384,0.00016266058,0.00043109385,0.00008162452,0.00032907852,0.0004655779,0.0017209603],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00028267858,0.00011373875,0.00023919558,0.00019971149,0.000110331326,0.0016361609,0.0000074132195,0.0042029414,0.00020897799],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00030394248,0.00008641541,0.007901985,0.00007532318,0.00031265095,0.000016100797,0.88100743,0.0033513983,0.0018754206,0.038438253,0.001104102,0.06552701],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0028891275,0.00040062168,0.0044435924,0.0009396907,0.00011817406,0.000047672984,0.17401183,0.0034635356,0.0019899688,0.013709345,0.79746747,0.0005190083],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00028883337,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000034852463,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.79636335,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014465221,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002680441,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9991916},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"methods","study_design":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre":"commentary","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"medium"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W2978192139","doi":"10.3968/11243","title":"Investigation on Filing of Regulatory Documents in China","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian social science","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Constraint (computer-aided design); Mechanism (biology); GRASP; Function (biology); China; Computer science; Business; Political science; Law; Epistemology; Engineering","score_opus":0.018342337661159724,"score_gpt":0.27498601609515,"score_spread":0.2566436784339903,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2978192139","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7004051,0.0000078303165,5.433252e-7,0.00083440356,0.0002498535,0.000104329316,0.00000464038,0.0000054577345,0.29838783],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99847806,0.0000047595277,0.000027261307,0.00048312405,0.000103240716,0.0000012433402,0.0000012573141,0.0000022483403,0.0008988095],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988021,0.0000879163,0.00012310808,0.00016739515,0.00047058248,0.00034889492],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995772,0.00004158913,0.000060390463,0.000068414134,0.000042179054,0.00021020712],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00212904,0.000047129564,0.00008348551,0.00021092642,0.00041485534,0.000029379713,0.00036750684,0.00021012446,0.00018094043],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00032961115,0.00005209365,0.000021716956,0.000861623,0.00079699187,0.00031586137,0.000012371937,0.00035112834,0.00004234233],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000039164233,0.0000034589348,0.22477612,0.000007788351,0.0000016976388,0.000002029545,0.061210237,0.000010640993,0.0013490053,0.7029246,0.001168738,0.008541773],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006011487,0.000089509456,0.7709637,0.00029529422,0.0000078073635,5.401252e-7,0.047771115,0.00031263247,0.004612982,0.05827759,0.1163587,0.0007089587],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.22850074,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.07696201,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.644647,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007296523,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0016772386,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.939881},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2979220330","doi":"10.18806/tesl.v36i1.1309","title":"Revisiting Proofreading in Higher Education: Toward an Institutional Response to Editors Canada’s Guidelines for Ethical Editing of Student Texts","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"TESL Canada Journal","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Proofreading; Academic writing; Technical writing; Higher education; Sociology; Pedagogy; Psychology; Political science; Law","score_opus":0.08673298663121183,"score_gpt":0.40243627266301923,"score_spread":0.3157032860318074,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2979220330","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.55120814,0.0014736021,0.00010891644,0.42180264,0.02183131,0.0006786516,0.000058876485,0.0000138534815,0.0028240257],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.93128425,0.0000054532948,0.0019163584,0.043952044,0.021830533,0.000011123061,0.000005595052,0.000009307319,0.000985311],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99743426,0.00034011956,0.0005695809,0.00016374522,0.001143901,0.00034840958],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9976856,0.00062639633,0.00022152074,0.00007714888,0.0010876153,0.00030169336],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005531278,0.000099705445,0.00020194719,0.00010322907,0.0004203564,0.000054515447,0.0003752491,0.0002797881,0.0015693724],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004464023,0.000095381285,0.000033531203,0.00020010727,0.00004342503,0.00018355073,0.000029358975,0.0013155818,6.341704e-7],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00020908553,0.000035578196,0.01865194,0.000068773,0.000030366544,0.000027036736,0.006874312,0.0010290606,0.0003132478,0.020064699,0.94403166,0.00866426],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002297671,0.000041273,0.022953374,0.00047405815,0.00000922529,0.000015712081,0.009044991,0.000044777124,0.000041909214,0.00042499736,0.9665523,0.00016760876],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9326339,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.95168036,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.38007614,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002032494,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.045860738,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99934334},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2979409885","doi":"10.11575/prism/36597","title":"Academic Integrity: Faculty Development Needs for Canadian Higher Education - Research Project Brief","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"PRISM (University of Calgary)","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Higher education; Engineering ethics; Political science; Public relations; Medical education; Engineering; Medicine","score_opus":0.0781100110273855,"score_gpt":0.34198458303158247,"score_spread":0.26387457200419695,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2979409885","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5665956,0.00032374272,0.0040016724,0.021834362,0.001074148,0.002406576,0.000007980369,0.000085562395,0.40367034],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.4354982,0.00022645018,0.032674998,0.00072479114,0.00021203831,0.000007050144,0.00019653443,0.000022835224,0.5304371],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984059,0.0002324393,0.0001265518,0.00022491421,0.00052167237,0.00048856734],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989727,0.00018898885,0.00007943888,0.00012928098,0.0003957985,0.00023377583],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002192467,0.00009155453,0.00016783469,0.0005220456,0.000842696,0.000019904222,0.00063557096,0.0009246146,0.00061024056],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001565521,0.00010971709,0.00006505842,0.0005190469,0.000267439,0.00034077908,0.000074822754,0.0019359019,0.00013331788],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010201973,0.000070206355,0.012492723,0.000102361184,0.000067946516,0.0000022103097,0.14759172,9.80442e-8,0.0001352066,0.28965908,0.31163144,0.238145],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00021686875,0.000026837546,0.0087281065,0.000059455335,0.00001064744,3.2900994e-7,0.010904187,0.00009358246,0.000049187274,0.002704583,0.9770664,0.00013979842],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.6337827,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.035525493,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.66543496,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00074721145,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.008680422,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9969394},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2979485266","doi":"10.17605/osf.io/x2va3","title":"Academic Integrity: Faculty Development Needs for Canadian Higher Education","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"OSF Preprints (OSF Preprints)","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Higher education; Medical education; Engineering ethics; Business; Economic growth; Medicine; Engineering; Economics","score_opus":0.038598521381848896,"score_gpt":0.323848940711174,"score_spread":0.2852504193293251,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2979485266","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.16156487,0.0000038173807,0.0003012248,0.007285886,0.0018019399,0.0015684239,0.00002766492,0.00011190288,0.8273343],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.38556656,0.000041769767,0.0017408185,0.0013150679,0.00029520935,0.00024874258,0.00008216753,0.000022127138,0.6106875],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99669325,0.0004495833,0.00050964596,0.0010676119,0.0005119951,0.0007679268],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99746716,0.000460332,0.00020348757,0.00093301176,0.00035360147,0.0005823802],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.008034741,0.0002507353,0.00030454158,0.00030894767,0.00069656584,0.000119628094,0.0013902897,0.0015011872,0.3485436],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0021693017,0.0002784747,0.00013854301,0.00037447078,0.0001643267,0.00045226424,0.00027101338,0.0025269247,0.5530241],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009594889,0.00016890958,0.14094576,0.00013035885,0.00017833509,0.0000016034319,0.062254507,0.00005648919,0.0007333583,0.30483478,0.37977767,0.110822275],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002145092,5.1885564e-7,0.014978801,0.000082816085,0.00002298783,0.0000021018213,0.0034160172,0.000027257327,0.0009282426,0.012050919,0.96793926,0.0003365532],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.108752176,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.029652787,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5881616,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0014855562,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0055150692,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99996674},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2981344291","doi":"10.11575/prism/36463","title":"Academic Integrity: A Global Community of Scholars","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Open MIND","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Political science; Engineering ethics; Public relations; Sociology; Engineering","score_opus":0.09031800578332715,"score_gpt":0.4061464135650313,"score_spread":0.3158284077817041,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2981344291","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6491518,0.00004718574,0.00001478357,0.0011418093,0.0001732364,0.00023111628,0.00003443698,0.000001546527,0.3492041],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99379647,0.000051630974,0.0014759066,0.00022816811,0.000054418608,0.0000020265525,0.0000077697305,0.0000030956376,0.0043805204],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981999,0.0008874114,0.00022595844,0.00013069982,0.00032292472,0.00023314549],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99917567,0.00026215377,0.00012763274,0.00023044125,0.000108347354,0.00009573036],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0051816795,0.00007802804,0.00020117439,0.000023938028,0.0003082621,0.000073961404,0.0016399687,0.000810865,0.00477756],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008468843,0.000074202966,0.00004964458,0.00027948688,0.00025030153,0.00059830205,0.0003577048,0.0045484654,0.0014271634],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00021230198,0.00023642351,0.37809765,0.000029262117,0.00010496711,0.0000043731397,0.106437385,0.0000053359418,0.001953168,0.07943156,0.00954669,0.42394087],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006492012,0.00010146613,0.013125028,0.00024127385,0.000033869685,0.0000044992516,0.06886192,0.000030540563,0.0019281986,0.022080524,0.8926371,0.00030640262],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.022090618,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0028731222,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8830904,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011752966,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00047621163,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99935037},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2981460216","doi":"10.1007/s40979-019-0045-1","title":"Developing a university-wide academic integrity E-learning tutorial: a Canadian case","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Educational Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":49,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"MacEwan University","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Misconduct; Experiential learning; Mathematics education; Higher education; Learning development; Personal Integrity; Scientific integrity; Computer science; Psychology; Pedagogy; Engineering ethics; Political science; Engineering; Library science","score_opus":0.0487292806891621,"score_gpt":0.38049782602163357,"score_spread":0.33176854533247147,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2981460216","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.59947735,0.00022210336,0.0060724486,0.310224,0.043002702,0.0009227995,0.00024029911,0.00011685192,0.039721444],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96279556,0.00035253153,0.0052393433,0.0025662251,0.005335107,0.000008896805,0.00010550652,0.000024339264,0.023572486],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9973231,0.0004829348,0.0004590081,0.00034301024,0.00080815516,0.0005838056],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9944823,0.002108915,0.00031736097,0.000101268946,0.0024419664,0.0005482083],"candidate_categories":["sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0037268642,0.00020735,0.00022934124,0.00060227053,0.0013679459,0.00027029493,0.0011347934,0.00094225915,0.0018487606],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0064054453,0.00022239402,0.00024018106,0.00030890908,0.0001829125,0.0012580239,0.00006727789,0.0073847026,0.00030687274],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":true,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012097951,0.000039774328,0.040078666,0.000010015023,0.00018162733,0.00013913448,0.008011402,0.000037853464,0.000025909805,0.9147154,0.033789795,0.0028494585],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00042842378,0.000029089993,0.0015203677,0.00014334318,0.00002495913,0.0010021271,0.018983537,0.00016735816,0.000026295627,0.056169745,0.9212057,0.00029906767],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.19240047,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.079973474,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8874159,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0044330657,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.012575482,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999321},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2982200297","doi":"","title":"Perceptions Du Plagiat Par De Futurs Enseignants Quebecois : Dimensions Ethiques et Pedagogiques","year":2019,"lang":"fr","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Education / Revue canadienne de l éducation","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Psychology; Perception; Population; Pedagogy; Medical education; Sociology; Medicine","score_opus":0.051452125791381725,"score_gpt":0.3195271953409599,"score_spread":0.26807506954957816,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2982200297","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8495585,0.0034468155,0.00028353973,0.12329602,0.01524505,0.000287849,0.00008893329,0.000012285993,0.007781008],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9592417,0.0030476784,0.0017840519,0.0067457776,0.003155143,0.000016926202,0.000058178754,0.000040172756,0.025910389],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9960618,0.001589812,0.00074130145,0.0003156549,0.00016705078,0.0011243976],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99428546,0.0005265502,0.00072428817,0.0003078553,0.0015574405,0.002598425],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0047840765,0.00028098372,0.00038466082,0.00067671126,0.0007805114,0.00019744349,0.0005744887,0.0012056493,0.0031569542],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0029650473,0.00033776052,0.00022613791,0.0006007805,0.00037825527,0.0010087226,0.000011021972,0.0024010642,0.00018273981],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":true,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008270366,0.000095030264,0.029472988,0.00009983997,0.000063774976,0.000018826791,0.7235793,0.00017866894,0.00019086186,0.09081844,0.14920266,0.0062713586],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001392626,0.0001400958,0.03650911,0.0010010853,0.00016968824,0.0006811045,0.3902485,0.00011388086,0.00005168063,0.013800147,0.55674577,0.00039964894],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.58291984,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9517999,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.40754312,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.010795727,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.058313273,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99990743},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2982586741","doi":"10.1136/bmj.l6320","title":"Research integrity: UK guidelines are updated to ensure misconduct reporting","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"BMJ","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Research integrity; Scientific misconduct; Misconduct; Transparency (behavior); Scientific integrity; Sanctions; Quarter (Canadian coin); Political science; House of Commons; Academic integrity; Public relations; Engineering ethics; Engineering; Medicine; Law","score_opus":0.3034726249822061,"score_gpt":0.5108103985235424,"score_spread":0.20733777354133626,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2982586741","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6521814,0.00012649877,0.000043029333,0.12353076,0.0010180528,0.0007151492,0.000011505319,0.000096677846,0.22227696],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9289789,0.000034007084,0.00285873,0.0026082937,0.0019148573,0.000021403455,0.00001576238,0.0000148547215,0.063553154],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9964168,0.0006712265,0.00088924816,0.00037802354,0.0010606296,0.00058404956],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9971486,0.00035468096,0.00043840942,0.00034752354,0.0015116032,0.00019918648],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.024371468,0.00010707782,0.0002534167,0.00015257603,0.00046483648,0.00011101196,0.0004990817,0.0007607729,0.0021902954],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02851081,0.00009279494,0.00007622426,0.0006975295,0.00012746653,0.00014292875,0.00014415703,0.0025999877,0.0018023849],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018558896,0.000009543078,0.028020881,0.000009038043,0.000014597685,0.000033541044,0.004995706,0.000008780751,0.0009724893,0.009075132,0.95390975,0.002931989],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009912973,0.000027497459,0.0034497974,0.000193257,0.000005585531,0.00000987452,0.04379831,0.000053208067,0.0008149798,0.003295405,0.94804734,0.00020563381],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.013740522,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0027973345,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.27679756,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011985236,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005289899,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997011},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"evaluation","study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"commentary","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"methods","study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"commentary","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"}],"label_agreement":"agree"},{"id":"W2982990926","doi":"10.1186/s12940-019-0527-x","title":"How can the integrity of occupational and environmental health research be maintained in the presence of conflicting interests?","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Health","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Safeguarding; Public relations; Government (linguistics); Public health; Incentive; Causation; Scientific evidence; Business; Precautionary principle; Scientific misconduct; Environmental health; Political science; Medicine; Law; Alternative medicine; Economics; Nursing","score_opus":0.10361905913431246,"score_gpt":0.4073051824307453,"score_spread":0.30368612329643285,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2982990926","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9493644,0.0004723398,0.00003056152,0.048591662,0.00007535701,0.00088539557,0.00017134854,0.0000037294787,0.00040519607],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99713975,0.00095063937,0.00009879974,0.0013529778,0.000058303816,0.000013015985,0.000036271125,0.0000060579373,0.0003441742],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.99560225,0.00242251,0.0003486313,0.00023672597,0.0009448965,0.00044496096],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980042,0.0014170326,0.00024865865,0.00021974975,0.00000531371,0.000105031184],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.009468138,0.00009988582,0.00021259043,0.00006944498,0.00046544947,0.000024509174,0.00046365094,0.0001617662,0.00011699],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020656188,0.000067958754,0.000038531376,0.00013156862,0.0013077921,0.00013139757,0.00014988345,0.0016951177,0.0000031702261],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001886254,0.00032286491,0.5821361,0.00012619016,0.000019463982,0.0000016051064,0.36051932,0.000010750015,0.0005931871,0.04262627,0.0016069592,0.011848698],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00052767905,0.0005487053,0.41089937,0.00015062155,0.0000026995685,0.000007665999,0.5647093,0.00034150435,0.00021057203,0.0014744092,0.02099395,0.00013353802],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.020984802,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005993157,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.20418997,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000473038,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00027908437,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.98553455},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2984848350","doi":"10.5430/ijfr.v11n1p189","title":"Academic Cheating and Characteristics of Accounting Students","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Financial Research","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Direcció General de Recerca, Generalitat de Catalunya; Direktorat Riset dan Pengabdian Masyarakat","keywords":"Cheating; Psychology; Honesty; Incentive; Rationalization (economics); Bivariate analysis; Sanctions; Regression analysis; Social psychology; Accounting; Mathematics education; Political science; Management; Business; Statistics; Economics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.05962648940013091,"score_gpt":0.4600436545566419,"score_spread":0.400417165156511,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2984848350","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9933922,0.00014130886,0.00006942036,0.0014289123,0.0008480027,0.00008127322,0.0000069131293,0.0000022817933,0.0040296596],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9970082,0.00092839997,0.00017879339,0.000088117915,0.0011861591,6.0781144e-7,7.555255e-7,0.000004244856,0.000604709],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9967865,0.00021742491,0.0004449417,0.00008432369,0.0022502562,0.00021658232],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99695885,0.0007567069,0.00032733715,0.000040633036,0.0018449454,0.000071512826],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.008728079,0.000048957754,0.00016188822,0.00027158318,0.00011968887,0.00006513546,0.0008403491,0.00029361705,0.00013021486],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00727051,0.000045846693,0.000047423102,0.0001638828,0.00019897692,0.00034968893,0.00015573739,0.0021037003,0.000018312065],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00018370603,0.000044740522,0.8033089,0.00001846238,0.000033985074,0.000022273944,0.011561485,0.0000014701235,0.0038595411,0.029888496,0.0007333531,0.15034357],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006433363,0.00014130263,0.9403554,0.0006696991,0.000007835055,0.000020898175,0.0019049424,0.00005783399,0.00091049215,0.0055911797,0.049583927,0.00011315333],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00039159224,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000019587786,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.15023041,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013125734,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005649958,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9139648},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2990195677","doi":"10.1007/s40979-019-0047-z","title":"Are Canadian professors teaching the skills and knowledge students need to prevent plagiarism?","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Educational Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":43,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec en Outaouais","funders":"","keywords":"Library science; Redaction; Plagiarism detection; Pedagogy; Psychology; Sociology; Mathematics education; Computer science; Art; Literature","score_opus":0.03032029235692155,"score_gpt":0.42519208248398427,"score_spread":0.3948717901270627,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2990195677","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.76075506,0.00012452394,0.00012405368,0.2201472,0.0097519485,0.0007591879,0.00009783689,0.000013090911,0.0082270745],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9666253,0.00004663971,0.0004833108,0.0052043987,0.0025257044,0.000058597234,0.000020421652,0.000013295243,0.025022373],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9978081,0.0004129714,0.00035116167,0.00023622465,0.0008148559,0.00037670275],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99701315,0.0011336348,0.00025854976,0.00010819768,0.0010523419,0.00043412033],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0045224503,0.00014987038,0.00015800435,0.00026425734,0.0011427735,0.0004745042,0.0012996412,0.00038093622,0.000532757],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0034705896,0.0001149582,0.00011409024,0.000108259555,0.00010754158,0.00046812507,0.00009865456,0.0028385406,0.00018138204],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000065390115,0.00081551645,0.31584644,0.00001430108,0.0003571495,0.0000031405532,0.06482175,0.00002992756,0.000031510786,0.3207644,0.29128247,0.005967983],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00029795952,0.000031478754,0.14641976,0.00024147543,0.00002454698,0.000044100678,0.023489095,0.000039625258,0.000033204928,0.037262708,0.7918854,0.00023063693],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.036559016,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.075935535,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5006029,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0010456762,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0018858454,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99946195},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":true,"about_ca_topic":true,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"methods","study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":true,"about_ca_topic":true,"confidence":"high"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W2990662480","doi":"10.1111/jan.14273","title":"How to minimize research misconduct? Priorities for academics in nursing","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"editorial","venue":"Journal of Advanced Nursing","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Misconduct; Nursing; Nursing research; Scientific misconduct; Psychology; MEDLINE; Medical education; Medicine; Political science; Alternative medicine; Law","score_opus":0.07564282463720501,"score_gpt":0.4601518012753888,"score_spread":0.3845089766381838,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2990662480","genre_codex":"editorial","genre_gemma":"editorial","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"editorial","genre_consensus":"editorial","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0019685582,0.004608988,0.0024856871,0.028339375,0.95627195,0.001022957,0.000077492696,0.00001796082,0.005207024],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0010817632,0.0025590463,0.034022197,0.00008645199,0.95198387,0.000012151808,0.000012035728,0.00007746082,0.010165038],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9942273,0.00078511704,0.00085757195,0.00040060587,0.0026046857,0.0011247005],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.98821855,0.00828733,0.00078739726,0.00019173016,0.0021958174,0.0003191572],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.009325787,0.0002913678,0.00092494837,0.0010534003,0.0005339752,0.00032482683,0.0011574865,0.0038770277,0.000008067629],"category_scores_gemma":[0.029288445,0.00029442113,0.0002652481,0.0006544883,0.0005707867,0.0010779718,0.000028451972,0.012147337,0.000004181511],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007692986,0.000045077693,0.0000058613537,0.00008176477,0.000017644215,0.000008996638,0.03631464,0.00008823479,0.00056764134,0.0018136813,0.89324784,0.06703931],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008445802,0.00025513463,0.000004530547,0.010777823,0.000038946484,0.000004866246,0.07103242,0.0000073158994,0.0002850225,0.024043767,0.89240503,0.0003005692],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005219708,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000036689093,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.06673874,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0033692003,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0033640538,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99995077},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"methods","study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"editorial","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"methods","study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"editorial","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"}],"label_agreement":"agree"},{"id":"W2991996678","doi":"10.1007/s40979-019-0046-0","title":"Interinstitutional perspectives on contract cheating: a qualitative narrative exploration from Canada","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Educational Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Mount Royal University; Bow Valley College; University of Calgary","funders":"Mount Royal University","keywords":"Cheating; Outsourcing; Work (physics); Narrative; Public relations; Political science; Psychological contract; Psychological intervention; Higher education; Business; Sociology; Psychology; Social psychology; Law; Engineering","score_opus":0.06651198758456238,"score_gpt":0.43757824429008024,"score_spread":0.37106625670551785,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2991996678","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7852908,0.00016743528,0.003462797,0.17274362,0.016166776,0.0006091169,0.0007825266,0.00003133885,0.020745624],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9884201,0.000081113525,0.001663784,0.0020511094,0.003944675,0.000061563085,0.00030721666,0.000012485589,0.0034579197],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9970948,0.00047062084,0.0004908538,0.00034780058,0.0013100642,0.00028585823],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99372303,0.0028642698,0.00038872156,0.00009889074,0.002728614,0.00019647928],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0016616742,0.00019786102,0.00022307601,0.00015345798,0.00068825233,0.0002564447,0.0006661376,0.0002902445,0.004074355],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004648676,0.00018545435,0.00017202449,0.000115402385,0.00021150043,0.0012875921,0.000028061319,0.0018253326,0.00008270211],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00045756807,0.00023077764,0.0010695208,0.0000025290192,0.00028596868,0.0000025299917,0.2729669,0.00010667034,0.00017443224,0.69777656,0.026057161,0.00086936756],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009103065,0.0001260795,0.003304815,0.00021647733,0.000019349767,0.000015679327,0.6755131,0.00028476896,0.0002880692,0.14773564,0.17121623,0.00036947447],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.3921825,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1923046,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.55004096,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0027705384,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.006193744,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994402},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2992157477","doi":"10.47678/cjhe.v36i1.183525","title":"Understanding Academic Misconduct","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Higher Education","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":202,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Misconduct; Academic integrity; Honour; Higher education; Academic community; Learning development; Psychology; Scientific misconduct; Institutional research; Quality (philosophy); Public relations; Academic achievement; Cheating; Political science; Sociology; Medical education; Pedagogy; Social psychology; Law; Social science","score_opus":0.11122332580880782,"score_gpt":0.3427327548328886,"score_spread":0.23150942902408078,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2992157477","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.36049926,0.013796242,0.000588603,0.09048199,0.016117396,0.0002007953,0.000009567629,0.00001976772,0.51828635],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9639372,0.00003342493,0.00013576794,0.0008158576,0.0027365515,5.3582266e-7,0.0000025749887,0.0000051152274,0.032332934],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992127,0.000110982735,0.00021407424,0.000056646924,0.00017284969,0.00023273677],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992859,0.00006490906,0.0001673878,0.000041492458,0.0001332462,0.0003070718],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00070319534,0.000051233787,0.000078332494,0.00021280604,0.0003586422,0.00005161171,0.00020459176,0.00032455678,0.0012034224],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000084216554,0.000051097923,0.000042436444,0.00018918747,0.00014405191,0.0003135376,0.0000014075584,0.00087392976,0.000024712517],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000015009375,0.000004850516,0.018941209,0.0000023459831,0.000005453239,0.0000035196986,0.0030147308,0.000010362611,0.000065821114,0.37440792,0.60328746,0.00025485698],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000050865565,0.0000071463865,0.0069564916,0.000041672756,0.000013702129,0.000011266959,0.003879268,3.289542e-7,0.000033486755,0.11050095,0.8784381,0.00006670242],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.07119426,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.038667988,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.60343796,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009670439,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0058762594,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997595},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2993344217","doi":"10.47678/cjhe.v41i1.2173","title":"Research Integrity/Misconduct Policies of Canadian Universities","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Higher Education","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal; Carleton University","funders":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Queen's University; Dalhousie University; University of Alberta; Cape Breton University; Lakehead University; Brock University; Concordia University; Acadia University; McMaster University; University of Northern British Columbia; Université de Montréal; University of Lethbridge; Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada; Université de Moncton; University of Ottawa; McGill University; University of Regina; Université Laval","keywords":"Misconduct; Scientific misconduct; Research integrity; Sanctions; Academic integrity; Context (archaeology); Political science; Corporate governance; Public relations; Criminology; Engineering ethics; Psychology; Business; Law; Engineering; Medicine","score_opus":0.1700990352348766,"score_gpt":0.38865137630327007,"score_spread":0.21855234106839347,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2993344217","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.49810758,0.001580934,0.0000016994351,0.012095988,0.0021018363,0.0000734461,0.000017387827,0.0000025409354,0.48601857],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9648208,0.00008507365,0.00024493644,0.00035362015,0.00055787625,5.191329e-7,0.0000019797735,0.00000520397,0.03392996],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986973,0.0003701447,0.00021244504,0.000066280976,0.0002623981,0.0003914643],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9975988,0.00009324011,0.00012862454,0.00009060249,0.0011926481,0.000896045],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0018189895,0.0000580902,0.00011835598,0.0021037548,0.00046975812,0.000034486176,0.00046926775,0.0003376683,0.0034135783],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016465697,0.000058424135,0.000051435396,0.00083161274,0.0006276707,0.00036578192,0.0000046676328,0.0013010503,0.0000229423],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006148114,0.000014980395,0.0147216935,0.000008529581,0.000026247306,0.000010670865,0.1531339,4.3211767e-7,0.000029201223,0.5416032,0.28974193,0.0007030762],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000040342144,0.000038772356,0.025266614,0.00007128383,0.000012377235,0.000007476599,0.15893544,7.265653e-8,0.00019874374,0.01132805,0.80403453,0.00006629221],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9923597,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.97066915,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.53027517,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0010421447,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0425786,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99749744},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"evaluation","study_design":"qualitative","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":true,"about_ca_topic":true,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"methods","study_design":"qualitative","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":true,"about_ca_topic":true,"confidence":"high"}],"label_agreement":"agree"},{"id":"W2996103903","doi":"10.3390/math7121241","title":"Exploring the Link between Academic Dishonesty and Economic Delinquency: A Partial Least Squares Path Modeling Approach","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Mathematics","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Bishop's University","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Social psychology; Psychology; Latent variable; Context (archaeology); Outcome (game theory); Path analysis (statistics); Construct (python library); Priming (agriculture); Moderation; Set (abstract data type); Economics; Computer science; Microeconomics","score_opus":0.1433792383947097,"score_gpt":0.30911563328124836,"score_spread":0.16573639488653866,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2996103903","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9780975,0.00015937579,0.013113685,0.002482971,0.0002444839,0.0003867492,0.000013581522,0.00007671318,0.005424949],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9953435,0.0004990179,0.0021710806,0.00006301341,0.0016544068,0.0000357646,0.0000058079318,0.000018349167,0.00020904659],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.998629,0.00013589053,0.00037200848,0.00023281024,0.0002704569,0.0003598406],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99912477,0.00041956443,0.00011743167,0.00020540378,0.00003145296,0.00010140985],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0020970001,0.00014595257,0.00025093378,0.000036940375,0.00043591412,0.000090330046,0.00040093702,0.0003562619,0.00003330934],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020194711,0.00010686314,0.0000614914,0.00007754534,0.00015772569,0.0004008244,0.000097477,0.0012738946,0.00014789143],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000020494092,0.000037240006,0.02650937,0.000470236,0.00013717735,0.0000022131333,0.4911511,0.0087061785,0.000076227225,0.42305118,0.00038079085,0.049457803],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00045731725,0.00004809245,0.00042595464,0.00032540987,0.00016743239,0.000010308577,0.093367465,0.7760408,0.00009373436,0.11448639,0.013796244,0.0007808443],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00067130855,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000033182478,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.76733464,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007094066,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000116308816,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5534509},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2997440247","doi":"10.1145/792548.611952","title":"Effectiveness of online assessment","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACM SIGCSE Bulletin","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Competence (human resources); Online assessment; Online course; Online learning; Multimedia; Medical education; Mathematics education; Psychology; Medicine; Formative assessment","score_opus":0.019544315614180293,"score_gpt":0.3334399466632715,"score_spread":0.3138956310490912,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2997440247","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.76798266,0.00028450863,0.0014847185,0.008344142,0.0006768445,0.000487869,0.000027493994,0.0000832917,0.22062847],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9930652,0.00011568064,0.0050214264,0.00020917311,0.00007346403,0.00000852233,0.0000071855566,0.000007047515,0.0014923064],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99787104,0.0012523036,0.0001688497,0.0001583609,0.00032439857,0.00022501769],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978223,0.0017093447,0.00008021097,0.00020824098,0.00010859083,0.00007132205],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003441042,0.000081144586,0.00017109,0.000036544054,0.00017272354,0.000011703921,0.00034895877,0.00032353136,0.0019895597],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003939367,0.00007567916,0.0000634122,0.00014188563,0.0001835907,0.000028141201,0.000040778206,0.0005587781,0.00009697127],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000101767444,0.00075822644,0.025650881,0.0002127079,0.00011131496,0.000024992198,0.008119717,0.000048102655,0.0053474563,0.91149956,0.03955226,0.008573016],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00042853435,0.000068101224,0.00926019,0.00011183538,0.000021305188,0.0000017473862,0.0033949206,0.000002273926,0.005530267,0.01716923,0.96383363,0.00017794852],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014477351,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005519621,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.92428136,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000068781235,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00021438903,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99892277},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2997690315","doi":"10.11575/cpai.v1i1.43358","title":"Editorial","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"editorial","venue":"University of Calgary","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Scope (computer science); Context (archaeology); Academic integrity; Library science; Research integrity; Political science; Engineering ethics; Media studies; Sociology; Environmental ethics; History; Engineering; Public relations; Computer science; Philosophy","score_opus":0.007087247262283135,"score_gpt":0.23787914858227396,"score_spread":0.23079190131999083,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2997690315","genre_codex":"editorial","genre_gemma":"editorial","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"editorial","genre_consensus":"editorial","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0000075515654,0.00004147355,0.00020853958,0.000104304956,0.7962543,0.00007668896,0.00005833087,0.000041630814,0.20320722],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0000047407048,0.0005892496,0.00033451925,0.000009418875,0.96619904,3.2691176e-8,0.00010166316,0.0000071432523,0.03275419],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9979625,0.00025014102,0.00010565258,0.00022280074,0.0012179675,0.00024095629],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99815565,0.00074179715,0.00017995777,0.00015635339,0.00064765656,0.00011857922],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011264343,0.00011529368,0.0002583826,0.00008857045,0.00047054462,0.000012767134,0.00077223056,0.004952704,0.0012351256],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0013977928,0.00014602649,0.00014213298,0.00011401184,0.00096684316,0.0001368654,0.00011488253,0.0021290593,0.0002304726],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007366923,0.000012637763,0.0000035819655,0.000015454742,0.000027502521,0.000004767458,0.0046281326,2.3248353e-8,0.0000012834658,0.0018627445,0.9928377,0.00053248665],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00021204742,0.00003797918,9.753269e-7,0.000058939768,0.000055040375,2.9225607e-8,0.001121236,0.0000016906106,0.0000020516914,0.0008435422,0.997518,0.0001484493],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02568643,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0026785408,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.17045303,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017615031,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0015879666,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996779},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2999186231","doi":"10.11575/jet.v52i3.69721","title":"Designing and Implementing an Online Academic Integrity Tutorial: Identifying the Challenges within a Post-secondary Context","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Calgary","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Context (archaeology); Higher education; Academic advising; Research integrity; Medical education; Graduate students; Psychology; Pedagogy; Mathematics education; Computer science; Knowledge management; Engineering ethics; Engineering; Political science; Medicine","score_opus":0.09397843393616583,"score_gpt":0.30176801547878657,"score_spread":0.20778958154262073,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2999186231","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.955555,0.0040513976,0.0040135044,0.026922092,0.0004074663,0.0004399712,0.00004976064,0.00014617875,0.008414604],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9947981,0.0014887202,0.002173355,0.0010604863,0.00034823144,1.2346354e-7,0.000014420004,0.00000698329,0.00010953782],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.99854445,0.0005323646,0.0001715348,0.00022931297,0.0002826818,0.00023964167],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990919,0.00035539074,0.00017340117,0.0000809146,0.00013652924,0.00016184882],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0018268611,0.00009720142,0.00018265098,0.00004203951,0.00081620127,0.000022906153,0.0004692113,0.00040265205,0.000128176],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00047852777,0.000093072405,0.000054260938,0.00010521346,0.00045181165,0.0005276379,0.00019339974,0.0021900788,0.0000038644716],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00022562443,0.00003216716,0.002433429,0.00009905725,0.00009128347,0.000032301024,0.7205087,0.0000010921932,0.006086241,0.15972765,0.00092768867,0.10983475],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00082438585,0.00015877378,0.004178658,0.00013318958,0.000107578955,0.0000050439753,0.91211647,0.00073988043,0.00062753155,0.0039349133,0.07687747,0.00029609393],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0099947415,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0062260805,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.19160776,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000039064496,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003000778,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99659777},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2999453864","doi":"10.11575/jet.v52i3.69725","title":"Academic Integrity in the University","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Calgary","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Higher education; Psychology; Pedagogy; Research integrity; Mathematics education; Political science; Social psychology; Law; Public relations","score_opus":0.03116754540892405,"score_gpt":0.24785480889773479,"score_spread":0.21668726348881073,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2999453864","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.43451878,0.00017506655,0.005842362,0.08228709,0.000120765704,0.00033858966,0.00001616053,0.00008177235,0.4766194],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99691314,0.0004976247,0.00036948983,0.0012100557,0.000059352642,8.684515e-9,0.0000033749373,0.0000016682833,0.0009452777],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99895316,0.00047382494,0.00005970713,0.00011963473,0.0002450843,0.0001486106],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995312,0.0002379618,0.000047953807,0.00006407035,0.000040748262,0.0000780291],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00075063703,0.000049478153,0.000101755366,0.00004095697,0.0002682842,0.0000030654594,0.0007395715,0.00042370884,0.00030473032],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020688633,0.000049970928,0.00005865355,0.00035644713,0.00044442088,0.00018857303,0.000068182635,0.0020952884,0.00004853575],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00027073125,0.00004712923,0.03371941,0.000027440034,0.000021130707,0.00017799305,0.35645455,0.000007508718,0.0001359234,0.546631,0.052360047,0.01014717],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003347667,0.0000278373,0.011563888,0.000021558259,0.00001952894,7.081208e-7,0.12697533,0.00032295947,0.000017556948,0.0014670823,0.8591467,0.0001021027],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01071766,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014386208,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.80678666,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006914697,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00020864645,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99587005},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3000464218","doi":"10.1139/facets-2019-0031","title":"Perspectives for early-career researchers on plagiarism and scientific integrity","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"FACETS","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Research integrity; Realm; Engineering ethics; Scientific integrity; Transparency (behavior); Academic integrity; Accreditation; Psychology; Scientific misconduct; Political science; Medical education; Medicine; Engineering; Alternative medicine","score_opus":0.18847652458186093,"score_gpt":0.38181963863638313,"score_spread":0.1933431140545222,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3000464218","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.88750577,0.0007007288,0.000872624,0.08356452,0.0003515618,0.000716072,0.00010194707,0.00012600778,0.026060775],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9944924,0.000053086518,0.0005559583,0.0004929801,0.00033285425,0.000017182208,0.0000057603575,0.000008847891,0.004040931],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99835247,0.00024141991,0.00011040399,0.00039861767,0.0005050863,0.00039201393],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99892646,0.00043436443,0.000037497513,0.0000984652,0.00021127555,0.00029191189],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0020583752,0.00009748986,0.00013365701,0.000059804195,0.0009187564,0.0002621054,0.00030740612,0.0005606829,0.00017213225],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0037849823,0.00008901229,0.000057167963,0.00023681695,0.000784243,0.00021324621,0.000060435366,0.0017930652,0.0001020515],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002258312,0.00005834788,0.005237494,0.000042557218,0.000046694277,0.000004627241,0.56888914,0.000002828213,0.0009038396,0.27688617,0.1402226,0.0074799014],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007829004,0.00036923314,0.008506445,0.00006600588,0.00002156856,6.0598836e-7,0.17664942,0.0005127345,0.001136522,0.020129781,0.79141355,0.00041122947],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009549128,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00017910426,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.65119094,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008513509,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00019934618,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7790076},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"methods","study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"medium"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W3002767658","doi":"10.1080/08989621.2020.1721288","title":"The norms of authorship credit: Challenging the definition of authorship in The European Code of Conduct for Research Integrity","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Accountability in Research","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Canadian Medical Association; Dublin City University; European Commission","keywords":"Normative; Code of conduct; Research integrity; Medical journal; Code (set theory); Order (exchange); Scientific misconduct; Engineering ethics; Computer science; Political science; Psychology; Law; Public relations; Library science; Medicine; Alternative medicine; Business","score_opus":0.7205593581249751,"score_gpt":0.5510722679019152,"score_spread":0.16948709022305986,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3002767658","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.89185613,0.00034295156,0.000053627547,0.07780925,0.0001125907,0.0016486606,0.00009335683,0.000010441174,0.028072994],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991139,0.00034435655,0.000075176686,0.00007712214,0.00026076433,0.00008542467,0.0000075596467,0.00001102061,0.00002466194],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.96549726,0.028339505,0.0011537487,0.00049925625,0.0033516812,0.0011585776],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.96147954,0.03603966,0.00017813819,0.00057185197,0.001635848,0.00009493826],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["metaresearch"],"category_scores_codex":[0.22952725,0.00011323255,0.00029183118,0.00017975157,0.0009121173,0.00008118248,0.0026465254,0.00048632256,0.00004727293],"category_scores_gemma":[0.06607984,0.00006212987,0.00011831534,0.0020166638,0.0040113623,0.00023356048,0.00031126238,0.007337388,0.000008502868],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007275684,0.00026000995,0.03476147,0.00042938272,0.000021450669,0.000002177523,0.46823764,0.000013274575,0.00080684334,0.48708892,0.0031096144,0.0045416653],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004999893,0.0003356923,0.06546278,0.00024590216,0.000008938074,7.826677e-7,0.48351732,0.0005841596,0.0013406328,0.4377931,0.010063325,0.0001473673],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.024719901,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.023981351,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.16344742,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018530079,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00068030774,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9986991},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"evaluation","study_design":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"methods","study_design":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre":"commentary","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"}],"label_agreement":"agree"},{"id":"W3003160360","doi":"10.1115/1.4046168","title":"Reviewer's Recognition","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Manu; History; Medicine; Library science; Computer science; Biology; Paleontology","score_opus":0.02973988827170642,"score_gpt":0.2615479704189019,"score_spread":0.23180808214719545,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3003160360","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98208904,0.0009074673,0.0040915366,0.009065402,0.0012421639,0.00007348312,9.533762e-7,0.000034959645,0.0024949682],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99525845,0.001380243,0.0017333984,0.0006122819,0.0010004515,2.4394885e-7,6.456443e-8,0.000002961618,0.000011926991],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99911726,0.00001670911,0.00016701137,0.0000725777,0.00046152933,0.00016490255],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993164,0.0000644685,0.00008808902,0.00002442019,0.0002967178,0.00020990285],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0023817671,0.000047504152,0.00010189061,0.000076982134,0.00019228131,0.000073615636,0.00020430457,0.00006995687,0.000028383412],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003823605,0.00004046304,0.000027146483,0.0001619856,0.00015136086,0.00063425465,0.000021668075,0.00050622754,0.000006646947],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000043548745,0.000032663967,0.00054939935,0.00042537667,0.000058394664,0.00010621537,0.07819774,0.002687194,0.022947555,0.0030019593,0.020200573,0.8717494],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00039311865,0.00017609852,0.0031563742,0.00062114606,0.0000523385,0.00006234348,0.0049561793,0.0013767607,0.08840936,0.0011679366,0.899191,0.00043733756],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000016366732,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.5785434e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8789904,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000466043,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00011384282,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.45774886},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3003877329","doi":"10.1145/1227504.1227324","title":"Plagiarism detection using feature-based neural networks","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACM SIGCSE Bulletin","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":58,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Plagiarism detection; Feature (linguistics); Relevance (law); Computer science; Detector; Artificial neural network; Similarity (geometry); Artificial intelligence; Code (set theory); Feature engineering; Measure (data warehouse); Pattern recognition (psychology); Natural language processing; Machine learning; Data mining; Deep learning; Programming language; Linguistics","score_opus":0.022764008140186278,"score_gpt":0.2937078578585832,"score_spread":0.27094384971839697,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3003877329","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.62365514,0.0008662242,0.31170815,0.029565008,0.0045231753,0.0008673683,0.000007944262,0.00067608437,0.028130922],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9906035,0.000018773577,0.00325556,0.0031884909,0.0016294782,0.0000034156012,0.0000064852925,0.00002023632,0.0012740745],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99800986,0.00031545924,0.00023744021,0.0002967288,0.00046181615,0.00067869906],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982427,0.0010280017,0.00014248204,0.00027061935,0.000118709315,0.00019748391],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0033642272,0.00017146018,0.00017443915,0.00010549857,0.0009298486,0.00008549496,0.00051117403,0.0015208838,0.00057390425],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0018824355,0.00017315219,0.0001122974,0.0003335614,0.00024273334,0.00007544096,0.00006809972,0.0024137362,0.00009312084],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0031192114,0.00073685835,0.03409246,0.00011850651,0.00030235286,0.0009296937,0.02970461,0.04937646,0.012138108,0.018734576,0.25383598,0.5969112],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00067031145,0.00007302253,0.0016042402,0.000047559213,0.000056820332,0.000015191449,0.0019268033,0.022079993,0.0036899648,0.0010402629,0.96822345,0.000572364],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005230187,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011528473,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7143875,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018932515,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000072898,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99988776},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"bench_or_experimental","genre":"methods","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"medium"},{"model":"gpt","categories":[],"domain":null,"study_design":"design_other","genre":"methods","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W3004483728","doi":"10.5430/ijhe.v9n2p248","title":"Maintaining Academic Standards and Integrity in Online Business Courses","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Higher Education","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Academic integrity; Academic dishonesty; Face (sociological concept); Higher education; Value (mathematics); Public relations; Psychology; Political science; Sociology; Social psychology; Computer science; Law; Social science","score_opus":0.03877962818473165,"score_gpt":0.4076877489188526,"score_spread":0.368908120734121,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3004483728","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.76055354,0.0015215605,0.0003982222,0.23010527,0.0031652167,0.00007018607,0.000030315374,0.000012089075,0.0041435855],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9910942,0.001236691,0.0006726289,0.0033531948,0.0033252784,9.647903e-7,0.000008430209,0.0000053360563,0.0003033247],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99855596,0.00015543713,0.00036300285,0.000095871816,0.0007155548,0.000114196075],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981591,0.00016330784,0.00027764754,0.000024957193,0.001255332,0.000119648386],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011485621,0.00007007833,0.00013100986,0.00014769273,0.000056442415,0.000053692667,0.00034989632,0.00024440093,0.00032893306],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0012778688,0.0000653349,0.000029648005,0.00019319031,0.000117256015,0.0005001644,0.000030477077,0.001488723,0.000002633399],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007423804,0.00045455876,0.3862765,0.0000344586,0.00016196478,0.000061043036,0.08021912,0.00014600341,0.00089820917,0.32674155,0.06949496,0.13476922],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006333226,0.0000550421,0.24876237,0.00040537483,0.000025079094,0.000035221656,0.018936783,0.000050934897,0.000068966285,0.02035856,0.7104909,0.00017746084],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006328416,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000100429505,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6409959,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003205467,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0015474894,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.64678437},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3004819416","doi":"10.1017/iop.2019.121","title":"Supporting robust, rigorous, and reliable reviewing as the cornerstone of our profession: Introducing a competency framework for peer review","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial and Organizational Psychology","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":58,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Society of Consulting Psychology","keywords":"CLARITY; Technical peer review; Cornerstone; Peer review; Psychology; Quality (philosophy); Publishing; Work (physics); Engineering ethics; Peer feedback; Medical education; Public relations; Knowledge management; Computer science; Political science; Pedagogy; Medicine; Engineering","score_opus":0.11282876640193872,"score_gpt":0.40718610061046706,"score_spread":0.29435733420852833,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3004819416","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"commentary","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0062187044,0.009678601,0.0069884504,0.9729431,0.0011433699,0.0011273562,0.000028007622,0.00003809028,0.0018343143],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7098975,0.045425896,0.031952616,0.1852272,0.022537688,0.00008948171,0.00026681225,0.00009757308,0.004505247],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985657,0.00027671125,0.00041467865,0.00026134885,0.0002835056,0.00019808994],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986891,0.00040474508,0.00027756,0.00008238275,0.0004556493,0.00009052417],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0028907435,0.00009218496,0.00029264163,0.000018157658,0.0004646932,0.00001931479,0.00018629516,0.0004930529,0.00027107226],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0168596,0.00006686648,0.000029623581,0.00040389164,0.00014504431,0.00008830933,0.00005471821,0.00087426795,0.000006597269],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013004997,0.000043982393,0.015148065,0.0004009857,0.00006679119,0.0000030878166,0.015379794,0.000009928823,0.0001407411,0.39323756,0.5659616,0.009477386],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010942916,0.00025824702,0.00045497032,0.0021307874,0.00020097276,0.000036217858,0.01041399,0.00006184339,0.000069432564,0.061448082,0.92349964,0.00033149438],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009136579,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000051601073,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7877159,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000011983023,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00023470876,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9914218},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3008129851","doi":"10.11575/prism/37408","title":"Significant Incidents of Academic Misconduct in Canada 2010-2019 - Timeline Infographic","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"PRISM (University of Calgary)","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Infographic; Timeline; Misconduct; Political science; Public relations; Computer science; History; Law; Data mining","score_opus":0.020654255190904646,"score_gpt":0.22481825248844553,"score_spread":0.2041639972975409,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3008129851","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9809283,0.00031101433,0.0019734756,0.007487768,0.0001565428,0.00022923034,0.0000056640765,0.000017537664,0.008890449],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99662524,0.00079027103,0.0012373497,0.0004158779,0.000026369342,1.09745024e-7,0.000011918654,0.0000050181284,0.0008878212],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99867666,0.00018855372,0.00021696654,0.00017897967,0.00049819326,0.00024063603],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99927276,0.0001506116,0.00020939352,0.0000942185,0.00007807897,0.00019495665],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005195267,0.000089065725,0.00026736557,0.00011424374,0.00010778882,0.0000025331647,0.00063040503,0.00038006203,0.0003772972],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00023187666,0.00011084961,0.00006532474,0.0004456029,0.00029566966,0.00023755828,0.00010200714,0.0011607013,0.000013571408],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00057148933,0.0001281155,0.47446817,0.0002510125,0.0002312768,0.00026920586,0.18135843,0.000030890864,0.010909836,0.015359693,0.21847916,0.09794273],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0047938167,0.00031463365,0.57061636,0.000527788,0.00029849046,0.0000032014484,0.05284944,0.019749288,0.002941268,0.0047021103,0.3415022,0.0017014449],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9815136,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.46679434,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5147193,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014590802,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0016842886,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.54293525},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3009305714","doi":"","title":"Du plagiat à l’intégrité académique : quelles compétences, quelles stratégies? : introduction au numéro thématique","year":2019,"lang":"fr","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec en Outaouais","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Sociology","score_opus":0.01027576638157673,"score_gpt":0.25232966650446087,"score_spread":0.24205390012288414,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3009305714","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.29084927,0.0055308533,0.0054963417,0.35723448,0.022845281,0.0013888262,0.00010097462,0.00039874544,0.31615523],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.83772147,0.018296693,0.004563495,0.0026785533,0.021626059,0.00003516046,0.00010101057,0.00006502477,0.114912525],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9941643,0.0016079041,0.00095280766,0.0009945304,0.0009837409,0.0012967039],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.997228,0.0009971855,0.00045501586,0.00049714936,0.00041451756,0.0004081293],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0039087357,0.0006051631,0.0007497595,0.0001760189,0.0009801498,0.0002821942,0.0011099477,0.0034816815,0.01710195],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00056515564,0.0005672934,0.0003135239,0.0008054514,0.0014456211,0.001617097,0.0002084708,0.00446095,0.0042822016],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000442565,0.00015908865,0.00754743,0.00016491576,0.000100680685,0.000007913246,0.01791357,0.0001983976,0.0003526621,0.7730372,0.19471668,0.0057572057],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00047430783,0.00021517994,0.0017079575,0.00033211097,0.00007327182,0.00006285207,0.075379685,0.0020190445,0.0017800889,0.06333099,0.8536894,0.00093512516],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.050312374,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.017846342,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7097062,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007046109,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0013751664,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99967784},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3009728404","doi":"","title":"From plagiarism to academic integrity: Which skills, which strategies? Introduction to special issue: Introduction to special issue","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec en Outaouais","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Engineering ethics; Academic dishonesty; Mathematics education; Cheating; Psychology; Engineering; Social psychology","score_opus":0.011414161001601508,"score_gpt":0.2996456282031324,"score_spread":0.28823146720153087,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3009728404","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"editorial","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"editorial","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.2045772,0.0000257228,0.0031604273,0.5496143,0.04356711,0.002524218,0.000113645794,0.00043202206,0.19598536],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.067479484,0.00015503247,0.0043808203,0.0059402357,0.8341349,0.00006680679,0.00020155068,0.00007896416,0.08756224],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99293745,0.0007726271,0.0010517496,0.0019408943,0.0018780484,0.001419248],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9963695,0.00034023798,0.00023143923,0.0008291659,0.0012207427,0.0010089437],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0039940956,0.00062318944,0.0008373833,0.0006444782,0.0007606967,0.0005883666,0.001503387,0.0034247204,0.071045175],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0044038687,0.0006316492,0.00013799197,0.0032676652,0.00012927636,0.0016958733,0.00040110035,0.008154082,0.03895431],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00023355435,0.00009311052,0.00032519785,0.000010583845,0.000051850788,0.0000018761078,0.051262897,0.00033105983,0.001985175,0.0279451,0.8927012,0.025058394],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00033318053,0.0002537082,0.0010492166,0.00005032192,0.00004896697,0.000004330774,0.050820526,0.00002657118,0.0022936761,0.0071056257,0.9372092,0.0008046753],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.024999317,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.031101681,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.79056776,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0010638736,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009779114,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99961346},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"editorial","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"medium"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"editorial","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"}],"label_agreement":"agree"},{"id":"W3010374676","doi":"10.11575/prism/37443","title":"An Inquiry into Major Academic Integrity Violations in Canada: 2010-2019","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"PRISM (University of Calgary)","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Political science; Psychology; Social psychology","score_opus":0.028834391551381334,"score_gpt":0.25887898812066423,"score_spread":0.2300445965692829,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3010374676","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9034745,0.0002432133,0.054317504,0.033367246,0.00039762672,0.00030264503,0.000003247003,0.0000647599,0.007829249],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.991503,0.00033247485,0.0065635084,0.00097238546,0.00009946533,2.6970983e-7,0.000024254326,0.0000070691217,0.0004975709],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985905,0.00032617606,0.00016820984,0.00025056614,0.0003939317,0.0002705754],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992216,0.0001516198,0.00011979078,0.00012318185,0.0000781371,0.00030561828],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00058816944,0.00010034412,0.00022093249,0.00009041073,0.0003352205,0.000007068212,0.00071715977,0.0005934859,0.0004205697],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00024581264,0.00012892773,0.000050632676,0.00036171573,0.0003033563,0.00055017136,0.00009627384,0.0024972828,0.000034067834],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002585427,0.00008790614,0.21649577,0.0000625241,0.00006323549,0.00010103383,0.49681517,0.00001094196,0.001203285,0.049250286,0.11159938,0.12405191],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002067773,0.00017490839,0.59444296,0.00016556925,0.00013295203,0.000002237802,0.10796052,0.051030256,0.00025254357,0.01654888,0.22605808,0.0011632966],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9870054,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.8572156,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.38885465,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004956226,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0024621412,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999804},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3013088182","doi":"10.18438/eblip29651","title":"Differences in Faculty Approaches to Plagiarism Deterrence are an Opportunity for Increased Collaboration in Information Literacy Instruction","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Evidence Based Library and Information Practice","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Information literacy; Psychology; Medical education; Plagiarism detection; Mathematics education; Pedagogy; Medicine; Computer science","score_opus":0.1138349922084648,"score_gpt":0.3251594065070142,"score_spread":0.2113244142985494,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3013088182","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.65288836,0.00007664597,0.03189914,0.30921957,0.00025785275,0.0023355891,0.00019790934,0.00019231983,0.0029326412],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.94732404,0.00021697178,0.008881735,0.04295352,0.00009730485,0.00012493106,0.00039079244,0.0000035742437,0.0000071238796],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99790126,0.0007304398,0.000619638,0.00016490738,0.00036604545,0.00021768571],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978948,0.0010774758,0.00049081567,0.000098508375,0.0001266348,0.00031174242],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","scholarly_communication"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0016951626,0.00014073722,0.0001813376,0.00029788513,0.00029738125,0.000764091,0.0002517658,0.00041239502,0.000047692552],"category_scores_gemma":[0.011008887,0.00014236651,0.000020922611,0.0010353278,0.00008329497,0.30296266,0.00004363921,0.0006942716,0.000012680948],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0060414756,0.0001984481,0.098834775,0.00066661736,0.000019308576,0.000004686152,0.34767306,0.0012934307,0.0000297942,0.317942,0.0035465064,0.22374988],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0018362626,0.0005581319,0.0992333,0.0007420442,0.000025132127,0.0000037815441,0.19107102,0.14305978,0.0005756423,0.0011612345,0.5610374,0.000696265],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00045702094,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000026608697,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5574909,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005177115,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00066211424,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9973218},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"medium"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"commentary","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"}],"label_agreement":"agree"},{"id":"W3013202718","doi":"10.1007/s10805-020-09363-4","title":"The Paradox of Faculty Attitudes toward Student Violations of Academic Integrity","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Academic Ethics","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":73,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary; Assiniboine Community College","funders":"","keywords":"Academic dishonesty; Academic integrity; Context (archaeology); Psychology; Medical education; Dishonesty; Cheating; Political science; Public relations; Medicine; Social psychology","score_opus":0.23761507115590438,"score_gpt":0.47799976303864966,"score_spread":0.24038469188274528,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3013202718","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.67562014,0.006064434,0.004148555,0.30992067,0.0010863341,0.00038821643,0.00007756685,0.00003312869,0.0026609795],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97270095,0.023946472,0.00063455827,0.0016908905,0.0009159562,0.0000015288629,0.0000017600485,0.000010045448,0.00009781657],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9946056,0.0012115691,0.0016085231,0.0001619202,0.0020685706,0.00034379147],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99205256,0.004557796,0.0018082488,0.00011501035,0.0011846374,0.00028174766],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.01383504,0.00016249916,0.0005008241,0.000079063,0.0004999166,0.000022212123,0.0017625001,0.0028730505,0.00004289726],"category_scores_gemma":[0.017717537,0.00011160814,0.00028912292,0.00048303642,0.0011365546,0.00042673963,0.00015732425,0.032142773,0.00000786966],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00029497777,0.00008770444,0.19984205,0.0002083697,0.00040762877,0.000006968275,0.48193944,0.00027825122,0.0048430064,0.2880574,0.019972041,0.004062162],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002229536,0.0010427646,0.12125602,0.002523121,0.00082656904,0.000058970196,0.26298434,0.00044613396,0.011755438,0.138855,0.45701528,0.0010068499],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00027191653,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005931436,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.43704322,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012925762,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0016804283,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99842143},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3016958967","doi":"10.1186/s12916-020-01550-9","title":"Stress testing journals: a quasi-experimental study of rejection rates of a previously published paper","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"BMC Medicine","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo; University of Toronto; McGill University; Ottawa Hospital; University of Ottawa","funders":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research; University of Ottawa","keywords":"Medicine; Stress testing (software)","score_opus":0.12014900660892891,"score_gpt":0.38819292012636825,"score_spread":0.26804391351743934,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3016958967","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9859529,0.0013680862,0.00022886785,0.0029817547,0.00022370322,0.00044967612,0.0000025108238,0.000033546818,0.008758949],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986121,0.000042039173,0.00025404888,0.00025023028,0.00073790795,0.000007811496,0.0000019470601,0.000006014298,0.000087875385],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9979559,0.00052355876,0.0005160277,0.00017784606,0.0006551176,0.00017154973],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984473,0.000689861,0.000361598,0.00009465024,0.000267484,0.00013910429],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002286125,0.000088066736,0.00032886924,0.000063655876,0.00014758085,0.000014211227,0.00024975053,0.00016420841,0.0007731529],"category_scores_gemma":[0.011279919,0.000066078,0.000033149197,0.0005421345,0.00020083708,0.00027640906,0.00003666235,0.00051886303,0.0000020702048],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00020913109,0.0015653843,0.40056187,0.00017225942,0.00007830738,0.0000073685474,0.57319516,0.000027815116,0.013489374,0.0009390816,0.0080441525,0.0017101096],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002930967,0.00723725,0.019027404,0.0010085683,0.00013711573,0.0000047733583,0.9616025,0.000699151,0.00480575,0.0003962636,0.0019302964,0.00021995886],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.010221366,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010226325,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.38840735,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000032903157,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00017405664,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9970485},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3022237381","doi":"10.1007/s10805-020-09367-0","title":"An Institutional Self-Study of Text-Matching Software in a Canadian Graduate-Level Engineering Program","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Academic Ethics","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"University of Calgary","keywords":"Academic integrity; Similarity (geometry); Plagiarism detection; Matching (statistics); Psychology; Institutional review board; Set (abstract data type); Misconduct; License; Rubric; Medical education; Graduate students; Psychological intervention; Empirical research; Computer science; Mathematics education; Pedagogy; Medicine; Artificial intelligence; Political science; Social psychology; Image (mathematics); Mathematics; Statistics","score_opus":0.1450758898708603,"score_gpt":0.39120960639397556,"score_spread":0.24613371652311528,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3022237381","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9852236,0.00014543744,0.00091533543,0.012907436,0.00025925614,0.0002943309,0.00001237898,0.000041903004,0.00020032577],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.991474,0.0002811564,0.006625694,0.0010259211,0.00057485624,0.0000029765258,0.0000014524114,0.000010014333,0.0000039737865],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.99729174,0.00042535248,0.0007310974,0.00013726267,0.0010295842,0.00038497485],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99803585,0.00059411064,0.0003595858,0.00005705214,0.00037173534,0.00058166374],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.006934199,0.0001206525,0.00029270552,0.00024685802,0.00027944686,0.00002952909,0.000674111,0.001369935,0.000013417393],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0064032245,0.000117064286,0.000065311375,0.0005392159,0.00011644952,0.00060822105,0.000028960481,0.014140937,0.0000025961297],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000052933327,0.0002568059,0.08277044,0.00016016662,0.00010671942,0.00014079039,0.87945575,0.009562554,0.00018905033,0.023294812,0.00032768707,0.0036822855],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.007908378,0.005237187,0.21599916,0.0047618235,0.00063311524,0.00040461426,0.53807384,0.023766791,0.00047347057,0.038767118,0.16082983,0.0031446866],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.12023316,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.09029874,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.34138194,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00034496552,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0041728746,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999265},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3025725364","doi":"10.33422/9th-hps.2019.04.256","title":"Implementing a University-Wide Academic Integrity Online Tutorial","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"MacEwan University","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Computer science; Research integrity; Software engineering; Engineering ethics; Engineering; Library science","score_opus":0.027457700308785988,"score_gpt":0.31965127784305775,"score_spread":0.2921935775342718,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3025725364","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6922607,0.00002375595,0.00063613744,0.008735035,0.0015549181,0.00025301936,0.000026583244,0.0001791919,0.29633066],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.93328667,0.00018704098,0.0012589999,0.0010991165,0.0014512566,3.0037592e-7,0.000024443823,0.0000072010744,0.06268498],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984869,0.0002616002,0.000163676,0.00021485794,0.0003593086,0.0005136746],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991212,0.00049195247,0.0000763863,0.000102494014,0.00009328063,0.00011471231],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0021269894,0.00008843158,0.00013828384,0.000072576004,0.000419778,0.000023544197,0.00045841414,0.00074158976,0.0037189752],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005565967,0.0000869628,0.00007362162,0.0002586601,0.00010264836,0.00036911684,0.00014304776,0.0029535934,0.0004939949],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004787424,0.000032096264,0.11694682,0.000009638443,0.000029417291,0.000005516375,0.0122894095,0.000001374726,0.00043016346,0.8290851,0.03517904,0.0059435666],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00026639062,0.000014499624,0.0011924317,0.000015707365,0.0000106528105,4.308221e-7,0.028802795,0.0000617234,0.00006986553,0.003247622,0.96618557,0.00013233],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.014672178,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0048692436,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9310065,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018075822,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00034952298,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9993466},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3033253180","doi":"10.1080/2194587x.2020.1741394","title":"Honor and Shame: Plagiarism and Governing Student Morality","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of College and Character","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Mount Royal University","funders":"","keywords":"Honor; Honesty; Morality; Shame; Punitive damages; Sociology; Moral development; Social psychology; Psychology; Pedagogy; Law; Political science","score_opus":0.023336306675625796,"score_gpt":0.29463530279063177,"score_spread":0.27129899611500596,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3033253180","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.958202,0.00074011093,0.000030575575,0.038462076,0.00014234727,0.00007141174,0.00002512937,0.000005256713,0.0023210654],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99375606,0.002091644,0.00010328058,0.0028157998,0.0007778344,5.266725e-7,5.0263327e-7,0.0000040297946,0.00045034106],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990623,0.00013537984,0.00025157363,0.00010144049,0.00030815677,0.00014116168],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99928325,0.00014577417,0.0002161236,0.000026720265,0.00008565393,0.00024245435],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009348557,0.00007945303,0.00022257357,0.000026339827,0.00024021811,0.00009176826,0.000096386495,0.0002724428,0.00008414826],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017313025,0.00006396993,0.000034043565,0.00006525805,0.00013501925,0.00039382637,0.00005239066,0.000971168,0.0000029254961],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0011035188,0.0002870958,0.41758323,0.00025294995,0.00056047057,0.00068647275,0.37799296,0.0000013953238,0.004144933,0.07144247,0.094229415,0.031715076],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011993635,0.00026169312,0.26200742,0.00010012668,0.00009739462,0.000086911816,0.022257948,0.0000778012,0.00010828023,0.0012055796,0.7123572,0.00024028668],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007480607,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000021412023,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.61812776,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000020688087,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007401446,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.42192957},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":[],"domain":null,"study_design":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre":"other","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W3040175923","doi":"10.22230/cjc.2020v45n2a3667","title":"Public Deception as Ideological and Institutional Critique: On the Limits and Possibilities of Academic Hoaxing","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Communication","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Mount Saint Vincent University","funders":"","keywords":"Hoax; Deception; Ideology; Sociology; Covert; Academic integrity; Public relations; Media studies; Social psychology; Psychology; Political science; Politics; Law","score_opus":0.13733969536462487,"score_gpt":0.3362047496004834,"score_spread":0.19886505423585854,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3040175923","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7961001,0.0022888384,0.00010978429,0.19540024,0.00003140254,0.00005874774,0.0000040287496,0.000002745974,0.0060041235],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9948429,0.0021044214,0.000155753,0.0027919675,0.0000794191,8.566802e-7,0.0000016415945,0.0000016485138,0.000021392609],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989959,0.0004949423,0.00021263208,0.000046172925,0.00014980296,0.00010055028],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987433,0.0005925787,0.00014849854,0.000066109424,0.00020531088,0.00024419153],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001615295,0.000041629155,0.00008657451,0.00006025262,0.0005320046,0.000044600893,0.00031577607,0.00022807468,0.00007288141],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0045494023,0.000031507865,0.00002195899,0.000113456816,0.00086404296,0.00029844133,0.000015147009,0.0010854458,0.000001663388],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014860372,0.000003142883,0.009519654,0.0000053794734,0.000010053263,0.0000013481566,0.02641412,0.0000060619504,0.00013192969,0.9527248,0.0013948205,0.009773787],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00083267014,0.00070905976,0.1659511,0.00082349475,0.000077801444,0.0001784034,0.092542626,0.0007147989,0.00065090624,0.49181372,0.24526845,0.00043697457],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0053340825,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0103311,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.46091112,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000062697,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008589648,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.80635726},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3045492774","doi":"10.3138/jsp.51.4.10","title":"Associated Self-Citations and Propagation Luck Two Problems with Citation Counts","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Scholarly Publishing","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Citation; Luck; Skew; Measure (data warehouse); Computer science; Publication; Discounting; Actuarial science; Epistemology; Economics; Advertising; Library science; Data mining; Business; Philosophy; Finance","score_opus":0.037012890942189326,"score_gpt":0.27689491803968375,"score_spread":0.23988202709749443,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3045492774","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6620599,0.00070887414,0.01105914,0.19312738,0.0006311569,0.00048216718,0.000016949964,0.00014791136,0.13176656],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9951127,0.000066256296,0.0030491557,0.0011957518,0.00040225004,0.0000010792573,0.000004571922,0.000005944138,0.00016226615],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99865764,0.00023525117,0.00021670645,0.000072218616,0.000706168,0.0001119944],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978999,0.0001613033,0.00037496208,0.000021529071,0.0014071073,0.00013518467],"candidate_categories":["scholarly_communication"],"consensus_categories":["scholarly_communication"],"category_scores_codex":[0.003577987,0.000047926715,0.00009064288,0.000087206274,0.0003053567,0.005103606,0.00017050687,0.00020933723,0.000030587096],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006977267,0.000039412625,0.000020216694,0.0004258069,0.00003850872,0.025550468,0.000011512356,0.0017239837,0.000006169226],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012508628,0.00022941484,0.16944608,0.000117903735,0.0005294243,0.000044620727,0.47443715,0.00036618038,0.002399599,0.16725777,0.15071023,0.03433655],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00723828,0.0013267769,0.11178647,0.0014673668,0.00060103374,0.00008560899,0.09607537,0.00549947,0.00019720406,0.07349136,0.70103806,0.0011930183],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001312264,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007023585,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.55032784,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010289622,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00033446553,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9959292},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3048157973","doi":"","title":"Doc Zone : Faking the grade","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Test (biology); Psychology; Work (physics); White (mutation); Social psychology; Engineering","score_opus":0.046045104016715604,"score_gpt":0.3353301198438955,"score_spread":0.2892850158271799,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3048157973","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.04424459,0.0003419598,0.0038911004,0.02740403,0.0008346973,0.00009755762,7.243668e-7,0.00008358913,0.9231017],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97416043,0.000058217498,0.00029605735,0.0019892834,0.001096849,0.0000025015033,2.696513e-7,0.0000020365426,0.02239433],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992826,0.00014091386,0.000060178714,0.00004396279,0.00020403403,0.00026832332],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996188,0.00022446654,0.000021118376,0.000060872586,0.000015317943,0.000059393595],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0016040357,0.000034364377,0.000038883336,0.000010174781,0.00053506624,0.000026159862,0.0001951702,0.00018588743,0.0015386939],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015129797,0.000019933505,0.000027996668,0.00009846603,0.00013399599,0.00019341263,0.000022501823,0.00048534878,0.00029541145],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[6.860986e-7,0.000009427063,0.006738864,5.7897523e-7,0.000004142217,1.5921933e-7,0.037492596,2.1156787e-7,0.000032964337,0.9130903,0.037189007,0.0054410915],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000020433336,0.0000015983735,0.0022109996,0.0000022844708,0.0000041355693,7.998933e-7,0.013877695,0.0000072863404,0.000114074996,0.0033842267,0.98033184,0.000044601114],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0058746897,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006132231,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.94314283,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000023101471,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000023855268,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99937403},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W305629077","doi":"","title":"Dialyzing the Academic Misconduct from the Academic Exchange System/DIALYSER D'INCONDUITE DE L'ACADEMIQUE DU SYSTEME D'ECHANGE UNIVERSITAIRES","year":2012,"lang":"fr","type":"article","venue":"Cross-cultural communication","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Boycott; Misconduct; Humanities; Political science; Phenomenon; Sociology; Law; Philosophy; Politics","score_opus":0.06608426732962024,"score_gpt":0.3477302088430619,"score_spread":0.28164594151344163,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W305629077","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7202708,0.19378613,0.00013343169,0.07387082,0.002667726,0.0011164229,0.00023481977,0.00028621207,0.007633601],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9452085,0.04012192,0.00010760034,0.002513872,0.0061342157,0.00011849773,0.00019587654,0.000048797287,0.0055507584],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9895447,0.006736784,0.000989927,0.0004776336,0.0008056653,0.0014452853],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9924204,0.004362203,0.0010827722,0.0011766423,0.00055405113,0.00040393026],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["sts","research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.011031379,0.0005740262,0.0005702393,0.00006554441,0.0057036434,0.00045524875,0.0049020005,0.004193677,0.00031880662],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0018294587,0.00037534215,0.0003747933,0.0008777805,0.003707171,0.004605088,0.0010422642,0.010963538,0.0006202326],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010894147,0.000058175738,0.09019602,0.00037905018,0.0004905035,0.0000043071827,0.45668012,0.000062190535,0.0055148234,0.34579977,0.0868167,0.013889405],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005890272,0.000024500669,0.019090954,0.0021282865,0.00070079917,0.000055547982,0.1570726,0.000769148,0.0012785523,0.0029567766,0.81449354,0.0008402757],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.033189967,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00091293635,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7276768,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0020525376,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00024757555,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998698},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3086003063","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-48415-6","title":"Research Ethics for Students in the Social Sciences","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"book","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":90,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Simon Fraser University; Universiteit Utrecht; Universiteit Leiden; University of Cambridge; University of Virginia; U.S. Department of Education","keywords":"Sociology; Engineering ethics; Social science; Psychology; Engineering","score_opus":0.4901642510809425,"score_gpt":0.6016699411340541,"score_spread":0.11150569005311162,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3086003063","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000024938983,0.00010679156,0.00006036687,0.10962586,0.0002516069,0.00076289696,0.000021265347,0.00002103815,0.8891252],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0028775325,0.0004488327,0.0001705033,0.0113645075,0.00374023,0.0000756078,0.00001807575,0.000011855345,0.98129284],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9935443,0.0018705275,0.00022750167,0.00033714253,0.003492559,0.00052799244],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9918556,0.0077049625,0.00006781593,0.000069823225,0.00026135793,0.000040411855],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.044715866,0.00010907846,0.00019544458,0.00013538635,0.0037723177,0.00034042608,0.0028201856,0.0026999374,0.00020733256],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003604404,0.00007463617,0.00010008503,0.00042059738,0.0023415338,0.00009641106,0.00016193856,0.010081805,0.00012717037],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000037107282,0.000006486695,0.000019959012,0.000012011278,0.0000035787482,0.0000011817581,0.09193838,5.8536454e-8,7.259963e-8,0.49671313,0.41107413,0.00022728831],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005791949,0.00003494744,0.000019017058,0.000031445416,0.0000049388796,8.6354596e-8,0.047494676,0.000003160308,3.4985393e-7,0.197919,0.75435495,0.00007953708],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0024873842,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009090092,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3432808,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00025002178,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.004648955,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99859476},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3086944483","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-5030-4.ch013","title":"Plagiarism and Information Literacy Workshops for International Students","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Advances in higher education and professional development book series","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Windsor","funders":"","keywords":"Windsor; Variety (cybernetics); Information literacy; Mathematics education; Medical education; Literacy; Graduate students; Pedagogy; Psychology; Computer science; Medicine","score_opus":0.01770325178153723,"score_gpt":0.35209684388996576,"score_spread":0.3343935921084285,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3086944483","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0003460212,0.026485655,0.00011403193,0.05282557,0.02493089,0.0019163485,0.00009139684,0.000107553016,0.8931825],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0014708012,0.025337193,0.004535573,0.006441638,0.0007755693,0.00021554015,0.0005978724,0.000016608032,0.9606092],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99859536,0.00004070552,0.00046499327,0.00025075575,0.000483814,0.00016438105],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990255,0.00023308166,0.00027284457,0.000055219116,0.0002976996,0.00011561944],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004280184,0.00021381745,0.00021139291,0.00016459903,0.00040639602,0.0001476144,0.00023794113,0.000700296,0.000672681],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000118109296,0.0002069638,0.000025014533,0.000037159432,0.00018424285,0.004388066,0.00012065353,0.0008278826,0.00002122917],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013923598,0.000028238404,0.0013074421,0.00013555595,0.0000287661,4.623075e-7,0.024089068,3.5950933e-7,2.7550396e-7,0.8519237,0.0134140365,0.10893288],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00020003998,0.000011324873,0.0029980354,0.00062997005,0.000007945414,9.647806e-7,0.0010305998,6.3172547e-7,0.0000024537783,0.04895984,0.94591594,0.00024228406],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000070005067,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000027126258,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.93250185,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015127083,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00075644965,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8439739},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":[],"domain":null,"study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"other","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"commentary","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W3092685673","doi":"10.1080/02602938.2020.1826900","title":"When academic integrity rules should not apply: a survey of academic staff","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Centre for Social Innovation","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Ambiguity; Public relations; Compliance (psychology); Ideology; Psychology; Multinational corporation; Welfare; Social psychology; Action (physics); Political science; Law","score_opus":0.29559258214728357,"score_gpt":0.4864898433562915,"score_spread":0.1908972612090079,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3092685673","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8558592,0.00076631503,0.0010592408,0.110519946,0.002420065,0.0019730981,0.000090160014,0.00010802229,0.027203944],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.994217,0.00040411108,0.0012498852,0.0021973944,0.00060975563,0.00022997597,0.00036147606,0.000017172197,0.0007132797],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9934456,0.0029974144,0.000864685,0.00046849393,0.001873041,0.0003507667],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9973081,0.00095634337,0.0005130613,0.00018970451,0.00084695726,0.00018585086],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.012161912,0.00019385279,0.00032366873,0.00018644353,0.00018135204,0.0000408545,0.0006084289,0.0012234581,0.0032425155],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002041222,0.00020403169,0.000060680246,0.00071087695,0.00019875348,0.00070930173,0.00006603642,0.0038560666,0.00007366654],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014328209,0.0004138091,0.5919715,0.00011577313,0.00006234446,2.500081e-7,0.058522023,0.00019405945,0.001817366,0.22943984,0.049855955,0.067463785],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00056862837,0.00007697776,0.92059153,0.00015441146,0.000094818475,2.1478809e-7,0.007914933,0.0029621164,0.00026702153,0.034339346,0.032661725,0.00036825446],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.013222737,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005624033,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.32862005,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007525152,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0047849324,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99844205},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3094744592","doi":"10.5206/cjsotl-rcacea.2020.2.8508","title":"Examining Academic Integrity Using Course-Level Learning Outcomes","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal for the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Academic dishonesty; Learning development; Academic achievement; Higher education; Mathematics education; Data integrity; Audit; Psychology; Medical education; Computer science; Political science; Medicine; Management; Computer security; Social psychology","score_opus":0.2472324269926388,"score_gpt":0.39010598128272966,"score_spread":0.14287355429009085,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3094744592","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94811183,0.002012489,0.0038850515,0.043635037,0.0005681144,0.00022480242,0.000007654866,0.00003694288,0.0015180737],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99571264,0.00007415847,0.001017854,0.0012662997,0.00074373157,0.000001758611,0.000001342989,0.000022300728,0.0011599043],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9952235,0.0032634062,0.00035815296,0.00017408031,0.00040934136,0.00057147344],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9959518,0.0028787034,0.0003780464,0.00008338291,0.0001560952,0.0005519771],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.026464239,0.00016343995,0.00026171235,0.00008124531,0.01554954,0.0004137769,0.0008098263,0.00048554857,0.000052896623],"category_scores_gemma":[0.030565329,0.00010611682,0.00012941152,0.00014941973,0.00048632312,0.00044169032,0.00004116771,0.031131448,0.0000034278548],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005621285,0.0000051037814,0.5628997,0.000038135673,0.00027819266,0.00001036807,0.28845924,0.0061464496,0.0003648484,0.028589671,0.0005828781,0.1125692],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012843665,0.0003694595,0.0946679,0.00096362707,0.000785153,0.00022272891,0.4559652,0.020606842,0.00005039249,0.012479596,0.41159952,0.0010052205],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.03908078,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00912542,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4682318,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014706045,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0011763579,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9857321},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3095477655","doi":"10.7202/1071514ar","title":"Étude sur la propension à tricher aux examens à l’université : élaboration et processus de validation du Questionnaire sur la tricherie aux examens à l’université (QTEU)","year":2020,"lang":"fr","type":"article","venue":"Mesure et évaluation en éducation","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université TÉLUQ; Université du Québec en Outaouais; Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Humanities; Psychology; Political science; Art","score_opus":0.05456236079530939,"score_gpt":0.321184239938284,"score_spread":0.2666218791429746,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3095477655","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.59922993,0.0024108996,0.038879097,0.33650085,0.0015943329,0.0020150845,0.000076249446,0.0004322809,0.018861255],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98189944,0.0042676535,0.00094811374,0.0017025844,0.0007343814,0.000038835988,0.0005536588,0.000055775137,0.009799555],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.98183626,0.0148553485,0.0006602416,0.0007933451,0.0013489962,0.0005057869],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9949446,0.0016623132,0.0007588555,0.00025870433,0.0020655317,0.00031002957],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01837757,0.0004423279,0.000427681,0.00021914173,0.0008211651,0.00030708165,0.00045831586,0.0016252045,0.0008154007],"category_scores_gemma":[0.008860729,0.00050499174,0.00014933135,0.001910737,0.00024357946,0.0031463993,0.00009894908,0.0016687798,0.00015602537],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002948625,0.0005253376,0.012226259,0.0003186457,0.00017379106,0.00002462486,0.7931163,0.005204004,0.0025809663,0.060188044,0.08491648,0.040430702],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0047730193,0.0006186564,0.4463201,0.0010357398,0.0015131977,0.00004440119,0.041908942,0.030288598,0.004903118,0.0067629833,0.45988527,0.0019459929],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0050932798,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0019839352,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.75120735,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001418208,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0077072964,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997402},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3099942884","doi":"10.11575/cpai.v3i1.69811","title":"Applying a Holistic Approach to Contract Cheating: A Canadian Response","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SOURCE Sheridan's Institutional Repository (Sheridan College)","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Action plan; Action (physics); Perspective (graphical); Plan (archaeology); Academic integrity; Public relations; Political science; Business; Engineering ethics; Management; Computer science; Engineering; Psychology; Economics; Social psychology; Geography; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.035796095048858056,"score_gpt":0.2717247166329194,"score_spread":0.23592862158406136,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3099942884","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.3884314,0.00024393314,0.012256761,0.012437992,0.001550038,0.0028561621,0.00019514904,0.00052936084,0.5814992],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9815905,0.000004940343,0.0029457998,0.0073034135,0.002035411,0.000428346,0.000019383058,0.000042574746,0.0056296242],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9954322,0.0009098778,0.0006284878,0.00082798593,0.0011772425,0.0010241838],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99669707,0.00047569373,0.00017094739,0.00031178063,0.00033229438,0.0020122437],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0019875732,0.00039546267,0.00047141907,0.00020255028,0.0043862695,0.0003147489,0.00090893416,0.0008419322,0.00014050765],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0034256198,0.00043676406,0.00022180987,0.001108232,0.0007894304,0.00041883448,0.00010587037,0.0016781896,0.00018459256],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.009086271,0.0007533256,0.0155899925,0.00039538898,0.0007810935,0.0027870373,0.22734204,0.039331183,0.03034375,0.5689086,0.095599815,0.009081511],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005302228,0.000107012034,0.0020378768,0.00008739582,0.000046049798,0.00011371527,0.012285116,0.0032087956,0.00028474795,0.00013486993,0.98051196,0.0006522312],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.10161272,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006385773,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.88491213,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0015942547,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0064897323,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99980843},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3109694751","doi":"10.1007/s40979-020-00062-6","title":"Exam cheating among Quebec’s preservice teachers: the influencing factors","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Educational Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Université TÉLUQ; Bibliothèque et Archives nationales du Québec; Université Laval; Université du Québec en Outaouais","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Likert scale; Psychology; Context (archaeology); Scale (ratio); Multilevel model; Descriptive statistics; Survey research; Phenomenon; Mathematics education; Social psychology; Applied psychology; Mathematics; Statistics; Developmental psychology; Geography","score_opus":0.07375159827665845,"score_gpt":0.3921008257779774,"score_spread":0.31834922750131894,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3109694751","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.71583205,0.00015488987,0.0016065114,0.26753178,0.0040431484,0.00034450914,0.00005142148,0.000050571223,0.010385092],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9823496,0.000049635906,0.0007367657,0.0053817737,0.0074220328,0.00003298746,0.000049611954,0.000016322998,0.003961265],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.997489,0.0003627046,0.0004926925,0.00024330926,0.0010703652,0.000341971],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9958022,0.001967623,0.00036588628,0.00009362956,0.0014619061,0.0003087023],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002196993,0.00017151769,0.00016017287,0.000081236634,0.0012274042,0.00059629354,0.0016011287,0.0003699029,0.0012334428],"category_scores_gemma":[0.009401386,0.00012711102,0.00022911,0.00019405474,0.00029121106,0.0014278215,0.000087277615,0.0029774692,0.00003788968],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012575957,0.00018653057,0.24697264,0.000019311527,0.0005017032,0.0000036333652,0.34652874,0.0002805664,0.00037079584,0.23907813,0.16060394,0.005328249],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00053499895,0.000056327444,0.13889958,0.00018737314,0.00007444791,0.000021919235,0.15390179,0.0010964165,0.00045812622,0.05803424,0.6462558,0.0004789976],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0342545,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0073114317,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.48565185,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006488265,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001517841,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99967957},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3110458959","doi":"10.7202/1074896ar","title":"Tourisme et Covid-19","year":2020,"lang":"fr","type":"article","venue":"Téoros Revue de recherche en tourisme","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières; Université du Québec à Montréal; Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); Virology; Geography; Medicine; Internal medicine; Outbreak; Infectious disease (medical specialty); Disease","score_opus":0.348625440054013,"score_gpt":0.45608323825504044,"score_spread":0.10745779820102741,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3110458959","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"commentary","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0050079264,0.007829134,0.032931127,0.7362628,0.0014049266,0.00060500205,0.00017305759,0.00037523633,0.21541081],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.07381573,0.03416123,0.06436028,0.24984671,0.02737421,0.00012253152,0.00012856806,0.000253711,0.549937],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9805356,0.015749719,0.0007802605,0.0008996663,0.0006560435,0.001378695],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9897502,0.007207689,0.00035922098,0.0004058513,0.0001134768,0.0021635776],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.018616326,0.0005276274,0.0007648754,0.00016399403,0.00051317934,0.00018115244,0.0014344985,0.008018835,0.0077980952],"category_scores_gemma":[0.025848625,0.00061697036,0.0004508693,0.0021169854,0.00062274,0.0005577015,0.00027387883,0.014171069,0.0015477726],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011474667,0.0001494618,0.0005796843,0.00063946826,0.00014885027,0.0006200416,0.2501905,0.00044104824,0.0003872499,0.16376692,0.4740477,0.10891434],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00051567145,0.00016394506,0.00009252123,0.00015370353,0.00015169835,0.000073541545,0.006987211,0.0019675365,0.0002945252,0.053034022,0.93588114,0.0006844874],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0076395962,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005650753,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.48641607,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0031404828,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003535621,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996282},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3112572789","doi":"10.7202/1073787ar","title":"Clinical Research Authorships: Ethics and Problem-Solving","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Bioethics","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Clinical Ethics; Psychology; Engineering ethics; Engineering","score_opus":0.5452340627217493,"score_gpt":0.5209304639491308,"score_spread":0.024303598772618562,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3112572789","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.047576398,0.0029017734,0.0007813459,0.9184393,0.0010007872,0.00019775424,0.000018213575,0.000014902713,0.029069496],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98459995,0.0021324493,0.003419633,0.0075061563,0.002042632,3.290179e-7,6.2819873e-7,0.000010759765,0.00028746363],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9938226,0.0042885332,0.00050857425,0.00015275565,0.00074216,0.0004854319],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9917159,0.004706059,0.00018766441,0.00007120584,0.0012315855,0.0020875628],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["metaresearch","sts","research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.053986285,0.00007358094,0.00020664312,0.00015638626,0.0015636102,0.00019300777,0.0005107246,0.0020371466,0.00012919115],"category_scores_gemma":[0.049270663,0.00006849447,0.00007747984,0.00043061058,0.0033648529,0.00021033746,0.000029010134,0.02270012,0.000022231417],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000027876356,0.000007757579,0.025562454,0.000068015266,0.000044836266,0.0002205198,0.47561416,0.0000031610514,0.000014936501,0.44350386,0.044395644,0.010536782],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00018756388,0.00025152136,0.00081200415,0.00024686477,0.000021538246,0.000021822008,0.0790382,0.000050348775,0.0000205621,0.050371815,0.868822,0.00015581155],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.050386548,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.21899934,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9370236,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011442334,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.012633479,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997362},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3112824261","doi":"10.5539/elt.v14n1p29","title":"EFL Female Students’ Perceptions towards Cheating in Distance Learning Programmes","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"English Language Teaching","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Psychology; Distance education; Perception; Test (biology); Likert scale; Mathematics education; Medical education; Pedagogy; Social psychology","score_opus":0.018011749075938863,"score_gpt":0.3362502654008799,"score_spread":0.318238516324941,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3112824261","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9418026,0.00023304517,0.0017146961,0.0010667448,0.00015525312,0.00021153114,0.000003453999,0.00035377737,0.054458886],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99582285,0.000023796874,0.0016856517,0.00039143988,0.001243539,0.00001827893,0.000016473361,0.000015350572,0.00078262127],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.99789727,0.0007194914,0.00022260974,0.00027083803,0.0004808275,0.00040893708],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99949414,0.00018748123,0.00007127285,0.000077804216,0.00002767966,0.00014161057],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0024287542,0.00011997304,0.00017702751,0.00004576628,0.00065070443,0.00019733387,0.00042136596,0.00025709328,0.00025471667],"category_scores_gemma":[0.007039198,0.00012377101,0.000064713284,0.00023012872,0.000087115724,0.00034757264,0.000092175374,0.0032524837,0.000024689674],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004529595,0.000026621346,0.117315054,0.000013993779,0.000005602417,0.00001707977,0.8528627,0.000051331397,0.0001378437,0.0020937643,0.00008004244,0.027391432],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00022455298,0.00002679859,0.0033768588,0.0000882463,0.000008438765,3.284484e-7,0.97050357,0.00028046282,0.00003074969,0.000032089294,0.025231322,0.00019660585],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004370831,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0016881814,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.11764084,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013527558,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006258984,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99904704},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3114162843","doi":"10.1007/s40979-020-00066-2","title":"In memory of Tracey Bretag: a collection of tributes","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Educational Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science","score_opus":0.05739798794568996,"score_gpt":0.4023185687896094,"score_spread":0.34492058084391947,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3114162843","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.4966145,0.00048842974,0.0054884185,0.4766924,0.0076443665,0.0005511812,0.0003312756,0.00001652891,0.012172904],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99393433,0.00017364565,0.0020953282,0.0010716866,0.0015795185,0.000014306094,0.000023373002,0.0000062002086,0.0011016193],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983221,0.00018182061,0.00058440113,0.00012850268,0.00063543336,0.00014770553],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9969756,0.00092900294,0.0003895658,0.000038438597,0.0015528433,0.00011454678],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0015997802,0.00008245178,0.00020066474,0.00019289936,0.00011781387,0.000028132466,0.0005195689,0.00026499704,0.0010056235],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0051579657,0.00008168497,0.00017571183,0.00027707865,0.00018330026,0.0005304279,0.000020251777,0.0010051628,0.0000060268953],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.001460317,0.0010173,0.028324872,0.00007519975,0.00035195233,0.000004846564,0.071477324,0.00024097892,0.005191462,0.6732722,0.21369553,0.004888004],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0042436933,0.0005935544,0.037716098,0.00055677776,0.00011061242,0.00012247071,0.04897049,0.0024985212,0.031294696,0.48667288,0.386524,0.00069621013],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0019093822,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003558152,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.49731985,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00025649485,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0014399838,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999076},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3117849711","doi":"10.1177/0895904820983032","title":"Academic Integrity Policies of Publicly Funded Universities in Western Canada","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Educational Policy","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":97,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary; University of Manitoba","funders":"University of Calgary","keywords":"Academic integrity; Cheating; Misconduct; Punitive damages; Academic dishonesty; Outsourcing; Work (physics); Higher education; Public relations; Political science; Sociology; Psychology; Law; Social psychology; Engineering","score_opus":0.05033612642666445,"score_gpt":0.3541157866073838,"score_spread":0.30377966018071934,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3117849711","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.54009926,0.00006283896,0.000005887496,0.42739502,0.00013356748,0.000059949532,0.000048174334,0.000009480624,0.032185808],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98691463,0.000060794053,0.000041250918,0.007425369,0.0016930184,0.0000024352007,0.000014029557,0.00000387696,0.003844602],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99890935,0.00017254867,0.00019608378,0.00012329107,0.00035467738,0.00024403838],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99920654,0.00035665807,0.00009097895,0.000056892997,0.00011877565,0.00017012727],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00034869733,0.0000726026,0.00012256127,0.00012359784,0.00012787596,0.000014693869,0.00040627152,0.00025668181,0.000265177],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009975225,0.00007949787,0.000027838481,0.00056062936,0.00023901105,0.00025404728,0.000044878558,0.0011677165,0.000013188616],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009642063,0.000015278318,0.16963299,0.000014413435,0.000008509351,3.4230652e-7,0.061760455,0.0000103630555,0.00002017823,0.71768475,0.050676018,0.00016704873],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002483904,0.0000202229,0.35281742,0.000050657716,0.000008385997,0.0000015244788,0.14427851,0.000022843657,0.00016834958,0.03180701,0.47030562,0.0002710485],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9865795,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.8998559,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.68587774,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00067820505,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.015192012,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99039096},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3119778649","doi":"10.3138/jsp.52.2.03","title":"An Analysis of Recently Retracted Articles by Authors Affiliated with Hospitals in Mainland China","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Scholarly Publishing","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Mainland China; China; Impact factor; Mainland; Web of science; China mainland; Medicine; Library science; MEDLINE; Political science; Family medicine; History; Law; Computer science","score_opus":0.014507027765983834,"score_gpt":0.2830212244733336,"score_spread":0.2685141967073498,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3119778649","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98455805,0.0005781804,0.00040238848,0.011926736,0.00016811134,0.00005118541,0.000027156999,0.000012092495,0.0022760956],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973341,0.0002603263,0.001851236,0.00021368876,0.00012101584,4.4356062e-7,0.000022073524,0.000008293592,0.00018881322],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9962308,0.0011333788,0.0007336836,0.00019012197,0.0013880746,0.000323972],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99665534,0.00027231852,0.0007890538,0.00015629965,0.00182631,0.0003006768],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","scholarly_communication","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["scholarly_communication"],"category_scores_codex":[0.012320641,0.00010767602,0.00044375114,0.0006499685,0.00020418735,0.0052887946,0.0006309003,0.0007723847,0.00023752992],"category_scores_gemma":[0.011403499,0.00008936764,0.0001253108,0.0038784915,0.000112717586,0.035155192,0.000029650624,0.004360888,5.892834e-7],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012998345,0.00024715438,0.9560087,0.000008170479,0.00050899055,0.00012815496,0.025811376,0.0002785632,0.006679231,0.00141686,0.0045233057,0.0042595486],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008425734,0.00019883356,0.94976074,0.0002408236,0.0004927264,0.000015207485,0.03804759,0.00052565744,0.0026786586,0.0018017517,0.0051495307,0.00024588837],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0023520603,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00209622,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.029866397,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019932634,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00057599205,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99793607},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3120681508","doi":"10.11575/prism/38551","title":"Alberta Council on Academic Integrity (ACAI) 2019-2020 Annual Report","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Open MIND","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Research integrity; Academic integrity; Annual report; Political science; Library science; Business; Accounting; Computer science; Public relations","score_opus":0.12170539932461975,"score_gpt":0.3675773938358649,"score_spread":0.24587199451124514,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3120681508","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0927899,0.000112232025,0.000057150784,0.11455041,0.0006884227,0.00062576676,0.00013642473,0.000010719877,0.791029],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7636555,0.00042944585,0.0019068884,0.012687216,0.0036068088,0.000027758204,0.00011619384,0.00004067274,0.21752955],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99713343,0.00032244073,0.00043968513,0.0005870945,0.0010787995,0.00043852642],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99834687,0.00050622673,0.00022221541,0.00021966154,0.00030217427,0.0004028424],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0039770375,0.00018377612,0.00030380936,0.000017474369,0.00045038533,0.0001471096,0.0014483175,0.001207148,0.0079589505],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0076082894,0.00016881421,0.000084871,0.00033069996,0.00027479863,0.00064319064,0.00027985848,0.0045210514,0.005226738],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016647212,0.000039985807,0.0018766774,0.0000037979587,0.000034911267,0.00017911174,0.09466485,0.0000043935997,0.000104403945,0.0033640333,0.87119746,0.0283639],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00020772305,0.00007009924,0.00019189663,0.000039344315,0.000020658572,0.00001587151,0.0081047565,0.000041394975,0.00031469815,0.0005890404,0.99017066,0.00023388687],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.025933692,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0061602616,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6708656,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00032359464,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0022933327,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99777555},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3120916333","doi":"10.1002/asi.24582","title":"Does double‐blind peer review reduce bias? Evidence from a top computer science conference","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Institute for Catastrophic Loss Reduction","keywords":"Prestige; Double blind; Peer review; Quality (philosophy); Publication bias; Psychology; Limiting; Computer science; MEDLINE; Political science; Medicine; Alternative medicine; Law","score_opus":0.09497121518925992,"score_gpt":0.3809406796166385,"score_spread":0.2859694644273786,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3120916333","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.32069084,0.0025579887,0.0073016845,0.64993745,0.013167325,0.0021698507,0.000100756806,0.00009852544,0.0039755953],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97671384,0.014024117,0.005338071,0.0026671763,0.00054008764,0.000031611136,0.000008339886,0.0000048691636,0.00067191705],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99455166,0.00013040204,0.00095007423,0.00024885868,0.0037270312,0.00039195086],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.97476345,0.0005359564,0.003284533,0.0003343239,0.02096685,0.000114900955],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts","scholarly_communication"],"consensus_categories":["metaresearch"],"category_scores_codex":[0.030030118,0.0001498437,0.00041768525,0.0006677967,0.0014239143,0.0011986368,0.0025796655,0.0008366561,0.000026145619],"category_scores_gemma":[0.042058744,0.00008823904,0.00013160573,0.0024243395,0.0016224092,0.0050078114,0.0009039448,0.0019964324,0.0000050128624],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005228224,0.00023381655,0.049971923,0.0018098444,0.0005344373,0.000005596875,0.18774304,0.00032161426,0.003479904,0.26201168,0.119702175,0.37366316],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0041246437,0.00027981505,0.0080979485,0.025549853,0.00085470837,0.000058179347,0.033695344,0.0042088395,0.029573634,0.12184913,0.7701024,0.0016055171],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003272788,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000095314994,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.65602297,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0011004979,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0071456027,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998761},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3121984271","doi":"","title":"The Impact of Technology on Academic Dishonesty: Perspectives from Accounting Faculty","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Accounting educators' journal","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Academic dishonesty; Academic integrity; Dishonesty; Medical education; Cheating; Psychology; Control (management); Test (biology); Perspective (graphical); Accounting; Medicine; Business; Social psychology; Management; Computer science","score_opus":0.025793701080016655,"score_gpt":0.3799167651570817,"score_spread":0.35412306407706506,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3121984271","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.973465,0.00083312596,0.00001895016,0.017713506,0.0019570473,0.0001542234,0.00002153399,0.000043265536,0.0057933326],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99413943,0.00058061327,0.00005468107,0.00008936583,0.004621541,0.000006118158,0.0000013638031,0.000022119506,0.00048476545],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9975028,0.0002489842,0.00048228345,0.0002741576,0.0007614912,0.00073029386],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9965254,0.0009402487,0.0014392133,0.0005199273,0.0004546308,0.000120589124],"candidate_categories":["sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0050339154,0.00023371905,0.00029548188,0.000157885,0.009517051,0.0008856668,0.0028161851,0.0008425997,0.00012803424],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004130332,0.00013035329,0.00030470022,0.00025448526,0.0014923617,0.0006914596,0.00018394638,0.005869364,0.00006467639],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008126285,0.000119981196,0.80452067,0.000004851615,0.00035426774,0.0000071917316,0.103428654,0.000017568731,0.0006552261,0.014278113,0.037032172,0.03950006],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00049742154,0.00008751562,0.45870748,0.00039037154,0.00012137535,0.000081663165,0.37125316,0.0000828274,0.00027994593,0.07942837,0.08852753,0.00054232415],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.012227099,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00071231346,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.34581316,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00041903395,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0011816288,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99642414},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3125616451","doi":"","title":"Accounting Students’ Sensitivity to Attributes of Information Integrity","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo; Wilfrid Laurier University","funders":"","keywords":"Sensitivity (control systems); Accounting; Business; Accounting information system; Engineering","score_opus":0.016503074991754567,"score_gpt":0.31196915865640973,"score_spread":0.29546608366465515,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3125616451","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9620951,0.00022715674,0.0316538,0.0024831758,0.0004451284,0.00013466628,0.0000056291087,0.00002455387,0.002930781],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99813706,0.000520294,0.00019483984,0.0002946248,0.00065620017,0.0000012070979,0.0000026031164,0.0000035387427,0.00018963647],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.99691653,0.0003556649,0.0002917152,0.000053892432,0.0006682714,0.0017139212],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991042,0.00020898778,0.0002142079,0.000063343905,0.00027594654,0.00013328934],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.019939825,0.00008349801,0.00014895499,0.00011586172,0.00044117024,0.000068348054,0.00026837212,0.00028575776,0.00003505938],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0018020878,0.00007584179,0.000073102885,0.0002705162,0.00006334982,0.001586799,0.00005902961,0.004153357,0.000084835585],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000038186976,0.000078035184,0.44617766,0.000007475135,0.000087384775,2.7472535e-7,0.027848136,0.000009124037,0.00028421087,0.49475744,0.0008085347,0.029903533],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0014491505,0.00044643815,0.25424612,0.00027201453,0.00020590087,0.00031713617,0.33087924,0.000079806254,0.0033331704,0.20797643,0.19960669,0.0011879219],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0022222397,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0022902149,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.30303112,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008440548,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0011627687,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9981441},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3126045849","doi":"","title":"The Retraction Penalty: Evidence from the Web of Science","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Kellogg's (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Citation; Web of science; Computer science; Library science; Information retrieval; MEDLINE; Political science; Law","score_opus":0.04295528310462751,"score_gpt":0.33237270555352094,"score_spread":0.28941742244889346,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3126045849","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6832528,0.00059970503,0.00030535233,0.112715326,0.0012056332,0.00033853686,0.000002146122,0.000040868614,0.20153964],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9940343,0.001090989,0.00015128577,0.0005269457,0.00024710695,0.000005419057,1.2321252e-7,0.0000012718424,0.0039425925],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987127,0.00019336272,0.00012831029,0.00011156125,0.00066316046,0.00019089978],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99674374,0.0026981398,0.000084676576,0.00016854532,0.0002592993,0.000045586283],"candidate_categories":["sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0044293883,0.000037490936,0.000046387955,0.000012926049,0.0016421818,0.0001393721,0.0008297914,0.00015285265,0.0011600613],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0043422426,0.000017168442,0.000027828231,0.0003643725,0.0023210773,0.0007352976,0.000048983453,0.0006127229,0.00024515603],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000021187738,0.000025840134,0.040213116,0.000003221097,0.000019592086,3.8158748e-7,0.05908993,0.0000047752546,0.032965764,0.41088766,0.3760312,0.08073733],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000113901515,0.00005080496,0.17463812,0.00017851457,0.00002863334,0.0000013598515,0.14284788,0.003082852,0.0123550985,0.105513535,0.5609294,0.0002598484],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.08508394,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0055072885,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.31078148,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000044874665,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005191687,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999753},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["metaresearch","bibliometrics","research_integrity"],"domain":"evaluation","study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["metaresearch","bibliometrics","research_integrity"],"domain":"evaluation","study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"}],"label_agreement":"agree"},{"id":"W3128189296","doi":"10.29173/iasl7587","title":"Transforming Research Tasks to Avoid Plagiarism","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IASL Annual Conference Proceedings","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Subject (documents); Work (physics); Mathematics education; Sociology; Computer science; Pedagogy; Psychology; Engineering; Library science","score_opus":0.08313534302972549,"score_gpt":0.383393119411484,"score_spread":0.30025777638175855,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3128189296","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.704377,0.00017483732,0.0014006038,0.045776185,0.0004209351,0.0005131004,0.000055423105,0.00020494439,0.24707699],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9808795,0.00020998842,0.0009774091,0.0013840989,0.0006599772,0.000051766274,0.0000075033886,0.000017082997,0.0158127],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99649274,0.00015121719,0.0003285574,0.0005764583,0.0013827144,0.001068302],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9952915,0.00030205064,0.00005284185,0.00010421568,0.003743114,0.00050632795],"candidate_categories":["sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0049203644,0.00018429202,0.00026635296,0.0002096328,0.0013862551,0.0004974849,0.00072568527,0.0010842201,0.0010071689],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0035942667,0.00019042542,0.00008263781,0.0011721773,0.00042131712,0.00089836295,0.0001584414,0.0034707647,0.0005637985],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000037322177,0.000046439025,0.0008631361,0.0000445347,0.000015967653,0.000023890383,0.78659105,2.8617248e-7,0.0024099867,0.15713666,0.039905105,0.012925597],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00014745559,0.000067876215,0.00019216066,0.00017713575,0.000009307872,0.000011845647,0.476375,0.000019514244,0.010079758,0.021180186,0.49145612,0.00028362806],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002339121,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000756314,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.45155102,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016785909,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0012236327,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999138},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":[],"domain":null,"study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"commentary","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W3130913264","doi":"10.1108/jarhe-09-2020-0309","title":"Plagiarism in higher education across nations: a case of language students","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Research in Higher Education","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Misconduct; Section (typography); Scale (ratio); Psychology; Higher education; Social psychology; Mathematics education; Geography; Political science; Law","score_opus":0.11232353317028608,"score_gpt":0.509205581967977,"score_spread":0.39688204879769096,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3130913264","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9382144,0.001403912,0.000002256686,0.01133094,0.0015766821,0.00028171288,0.000004344624,0.0000039158954,0.04718179],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9876153,0.00039590846,0.0005346808,0.00025387915,0.00114326,0.000040970688,0.000008955941,0.000010057131,0.009996973],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9970257,0.00066990394,0.00060197886,0.00017908381,0.0011724181,0.00035086743],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978442,0.0006371939,0.00027760208,0.0001616806,0.00094054686,0.00013876725],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0070238058,0.00008492836,0.00020426135,0.0006377457,0.00022578443,0.00010580717,0.00041065438,0.0005225903,0.00071340776],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00040857436,0.00008466835,0.000049924998,0.001763829,0.00019021185,0.00025345592,0.00007384151,0.002344942,0.000015165724],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004274741,0.007619586,0.03998865,0.0003546698,0.00010859159,0.0005078451,0.35007155,0.00013089605,0.006072959,0.49789813,0.04328224,0.053537413],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0019778474,0.00011993069,0.1389569,0.0011363162,0.00002988485,0.00018777029,0.51201165,0.000005367308,0.003092752,0.071451865,0.2706018,0.00042789063],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003024575,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018032048,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.42644626,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00069243566,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0037941986,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99995667},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3131781382","doi":"10.3819/ccbr.2020.150008","title":"Teaching animal learning and cognition: adapting to the online environment","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Comparative Cognition & Behavior Reviews","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Queen's University","keywords":"Comparative cognition; Animal behavior; Animal cognition; Animal learning; Psychology; Cognition; Cognitive science; Comparative psychology; Cognitive psychology; Neuroscience; Biology; Zoology","score_opus":0.21396188752476203,"score_gpt":0.4104511649920633,"score_spread":0.19648927746730127,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3131781382","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8090421,0.024407024,0.017870953,0.08148348,0.00039230293,0.008650959,0.0002366829,0.00039474625,0.057521768],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9915107,0.0024154154,0.0015286428,0.003392887,0.00064056943,0.00016085414,0.00008483228,0.000008701008,0.00025739725],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99743336,0.0014147828,0.00035263193,0.0002929591,0.0002824609,0.00022380607],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992689,0.00022868745,0.00017931907,0.000052866017,0.0000630891,0.00020717664],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001362431,0.00015687545,0.00030287745,0.00002509295,0.0012545771,0.000081439146,0.00015778023,0.00012572565,0.0007536433],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005266987,0.00012253568,0.00007449327,0.0001296149,0.00017673972,0.00018668886,0.00008442645,0.0014766981,0.0005323706],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00019443875,0.00047958054,0.004857742,0.000115696705,0.000066409884,0.000029980632,0.34542218,0.00001795752,0.014317171,0.012766704,0.0239984,0.59773374],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00014938587,0.0001418772,0.0011049408,0.00014474486,0.00015635714,0.000003444222,0.022681719,0.000109509754,0.0000883153,0.000044431425,0.9751849,0.0001903312],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000797992,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000080835074,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.95118654,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000038937927,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000026949185,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9649319},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3133133069","doi":"10.1177/1715163521992037","title":"Pharmacists must combat mis/disinformation!","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Pharmacists Journal / Revue des Pharmaciens du Canada","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Disinformation; Internet privacy; Medicine; Business; Computer security; Computer science; World Wide Web; Social media","score_opus":0.03776836468970985,"score_gpt":0.29763429674226016,"score_spread":0.2598659320525503,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3133133069","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.64584094,0.006814289,0.0011351571,0.00653184,0.026755005,0.0012080134,0.0025075595,0.00027531816,0.30893186],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9665877,0.010445546,0.00030411244,0.011438229,0.0028160587,0.00001163854,0.00011773066,0.000048175098,0.008230795],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9950928,0.00069051085,0.00087158504,0.00043614506,0.0011498798,0.0017590406],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9934182,0.00030390755,0.0003653698,0.00027092983,0.0016586133,0.0039829523],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00215302,0.00042651122,0.000455057,0.00035818692,0.003976428,0.00066841877,0.0011269515,0.00033523882,0.009188027],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010943523,0.0004949798,0.00025362617,0.0012354894,0.0005319239,0.001284681,0.00005153268,0.002852865,0.00013750723],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":true,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008754808,0.00008679502,0.0015104673,0.00020720979,0.00039120013,0.12104022,0.03540955,0.00072072196,0.0013766193,0.003951251,0.6601405,0.17507793],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013131788,0.000009813618,0.00001082167,0.000026268328,0.00011785273,0.18915145,0.00043893352,0.0011089096,0.0023335167,0.0004382317,0.8043474,0.0007036488],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.07185843,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.2994161,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.32074678,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.004446982,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01869923,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997502},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3133498523","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychores.2021.110412","title":"When is lack of scientific integrity a reason for retracting a paper? A case study","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Psychosomatic Research","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Scientific misconduct; Misconduct; Rigour; Randomized controlled trial; Psychology; Retract; MEDLINE; Clinical trial; Research ethics; Intervention (counseling); Medicine; Alternative medicine; Law; Psychiatry; Political science; Surgery; Pathology","score_opus":0.35483027971296704,"score_gpt":0.5416823567239716,"score_spread":0.18685207701100454,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3133498523","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9788466,0.0004340778,0.0004154685,0.014538379,0.0007122371,0.0005522991,0.000010390434,0.0000059404288,0.004484604],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99016297,0.000092771166,0.007151947,0.00009738419,0.00049785845,0.0000107980495,4.930974e-7,0.000010701859,0.0019751021],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9940911,0.0021189232,0.00088272034,0.000244792,0.0021969555,0.00046550122],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99211264,0.0031682737,0.00049365626,0.0003100436,0.0036849116,0.0002304821],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["metaresearch"],"category_scores_codex":[0.032708343,0.00009491275,0.00037919942,0.00033245434,0.0009392783,0.00031046977,0.0005659025,0.0003623062,0.0006940003],"category_scores_gemma":[0.014072956,0.000078403056,0.00021428682,0.0010891706,0.0004242878,0.00051723537,0.00006402364,0.0030279784,0.000011427776],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00036742113,0.0024146184,0.026547479,0.00048020104,0.00038055165,0.0026787263,0.7455723,7.709059e-7,0.004092751,0.0046737143,0.16541801,0.047373436],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0016545508,0.00081908685,0.0010138135,0.0011395707,0.00008630529,0.0015642833,0.8032442,0.00027701067,0.0011084492,0.13403982,0.05485305,0.00019990442],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0022017418,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018389897,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12936611,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017404964,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00152927,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99927205},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3134778826","doi":"10.29173/irie272","title":"A Study of Students' Perception","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The International Review of Information Ethics","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Commit; Perception; Perspective (graphical); The Internet; Phenomenon; Psychology; Order (exchange); Internet privacy; Social psychology; Computer science; World Wide Web; Epistemology","score_opus":0.05978344441243551,"score_gpt":0.4298145168908046,"score_spread":0.3700310724783691,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3134778826","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6986962,0.0015929028,0.008486483,0.12606823,0.0016957693,0.0024950937,0.000047393092,0.00006532947,0.16085261],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97352797,0.0212836,0.00020173965,0.0048126923,0.0000662868,0.0000119353745,0.00001346633,0.0000015197568,0.00008077212],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9976711,0.00019370073,0.00050839304,0.00003519517,0.0015304043,0.00006117663],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99836564,0.00029468545,0.00039856142,0.000098545876,0.00082350837,0.00001903408],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0067434176,0.000045623547,0.00010760919,0.000051608076,0.00014073827,0.000019278017,0.00070779666,0.00013952819,0.00019602991],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0039072386,0.000031724547,0.000051952647,0.00014930987,0.00012908335,0.000540134,0.000058933485,0.0007466807,0.00005664201],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000021567012,0.000227172,0.0013772568,0.00071418757,0.00008349191,2.2100836e-7,0.44782338,0.00016223338,0.000012544468,0.53736603,0.0017192528,0.01049267],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0021411066,0.0004325068,0.026512738,0.014382564,0.00020340439,0.00001111879,0.4867523,0.00004807421,0.00016708001,0.044972062,0.42399114,0.00038589523],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001876897,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00021585313,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.49239397,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009801594,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00023857848,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4677612},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3135000317","doi":"10.1186/s41073-021-00108-4","title":"Steps toward preregistration of research on research integrity","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Research Integrity and Peer Review","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Women's College Research Institute","keywords":"Research integrity; USable; Psychology; Data integrity; Set (abstract data type); Documentation; Data collection; Qualitative research; Computer science; Data science; Public relations; Sociology; Political science; World Wide Web; Database; Social science","score_opus":0.6142879617107355,"score_gpt":0.5984877638154373,"score_spread":0.015800197895298185,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3135000317","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.022856157,0.0979009,0.00010070519,0.42918292,0.0004750595,0.002710815,0.00017964281,0.00008953255,0.4465043],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5347802,0.41467884,0.0006302941,0.0006894488,0.0010737687,0.00020338214,0.00012080867,0.000033602522,0.047789626],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9596282,0.025764395,0.00086153334,0.0010020868,0.011107224,0.0016365108],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9682428,0.00992643,0.00011696843,0.00090187346,0.020179832,0.00063205865],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["metaresearch","sts","research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.18752106,0.00021373144,0.00067240134,0.0005679396,0.0018980358,0.0003562797,0.0012321617,0.0014171561,0.0018201447],"category_scores_gemma":[0.09845751,0.00018218404,0.00019286422,0.0035082,0.0037236833,0.00043904703,0.0005327136,0.028544076,0.00036019037],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000933581,0.00031263754,0.000548961,0.0036464657,0.000041130923,0.00006160583,0.007197763,1.2506695e-7,0.00014897368,0.629034,0.32530773,0.03360724],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00018534984,0.0003207902,0.00051831815,0.009201858,0.000012541673,0.0000143996385,0.016110886,0.000016856848,0.0013248228,0.06082572,0.9112777,0.00019073008],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.018948874,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0045730025,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.58597,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005153292,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.004282423,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99987924},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"methods","study_design":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre":"methods","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity","open_science"],"domain":"reproducibility","study_design":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre":"commentary","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"medium"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W3135616835","doi":"10.1145/3408877.3432515","title":"A Multi-Course Report on the Experience of Unplanned Online Exams","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University; University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Online course; Computer science; Online assessment; Process (computing); Multimedia; Course (navigation); Online learning; Massive open online course; Mathematics education; Medical education; World Wide Web; Psychology; Engineering; Medicine","score_opus":0.06531177139361302,"score_gpt":0.3701846976789908,"score_spread":0.30487292628537777,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3135616835","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9102314,0.00008234455,0.0005140225,0.017271,0.00035345706,0.00010791652,0.000010747277,0.000039869778,0.071389206],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9663197,0.00007121377,0.0011467165,0.0015892668,0.00013487261,0.0000044493327,0.000007849286,0.0000030567062,0.030722892],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989708,0.00018510294,0.00018539123,0.00015354273,0.00034327037,0.0001619023],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99917173,0.00037689216,0.00008120131,0.00020002518,0.00012063622,0.000049516533],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009062572,0.000055141823,0.000096594784,0.000010499954,0.00021595364,0.000014774274,0.00022230849,0.0002158525,0.0012858068],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0016468999,0.000035163543,0.000048833146,0.00019094124,0.0002542301,0.000061557876,0.00003151437,0.00043876408,0.00002327892],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007197988,0.0019132156,0.035256825,0.000018274151,0.000111718524,0.0012012947,0.4172701,0.00003739435,0.011934023,0.47301129,0.04343799,0.015735893],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00043106705,0.00006895397,0.017053781,0.00013781503,0.000030206444,0.000073045034,0.55921483,0.0007799192,0.05644396,0.0026035537,0.36278263,0.00038022202],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003968011,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0036081248,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.47040772,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000017603976,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00024676247,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996272},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3137605202","doi":"10.5430/ijhe.v10n4p235","title":"The Academic Ethics of Graduate Students at Yarmouk University: From the Point of View of the Students Themselves","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Higher Education","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Psychology; Graduate students; Degree (music); Point (geometry); Mathematics education; Significant difference; Sample (material); Academic year; Medical education; Pedagogy; Mathematics; Medicine; Statistics","score_opus":0.06198941008661722,"score_gpt":0.41320646379003995,"score_spread":0.3512170537034227,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3137605202","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9354583,0.0020466615,0.000015932192,0.057786252,0.0034209157,0.00008657524,0.000022805956,0.0000016671063,0.001160906],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9894014,0.0053396714,0.00004051209,0.0006248642,0.000435544,4.327926e-7,0.0000031124173,0.0000039157085,0.00415052],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99655664,0.00088519795,0.00045439106,0.00007770031,0.00193911,0.00008696624],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9956664,0.0015428726,0.0010253143,0.0001304681,0.0016008208,0.000034149445],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0024070414,0.0000659655,0.00013674963,0.00003144842,0.00023737893,0.000027894128,0.0020150796,0.00020034394,0.00014122581],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006876507,0.000037426074,0.00015392085,0.00017992103,0.00036414244,0.0001640463,0.00022877715,0.0011913711,0.0000027946085],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003217335,0.00076567417,0.5964452,0.000027125578,0.0016261474,0.0000050587564,0.18306802,0.000041488296,0.004754894,0.16650672,0.035482276,0.010955676],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004436581,0.0000269249,0.76564825,0.0006579816,0.00017371496,0.000008606297,0.039959375,0.0000015243429,0.0051237545,0.030770944,0.15710023,0.00008501228],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001120969,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00023897177,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.16920309,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020273826,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00092745974,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5175981},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3140353001","doi":"","title":"An Examination of Institutional Structures, Policy, Narratives and Professorial and Other Stakeholder Perceptions and Experiences vis-à-vis Academic Integrity","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"TSpace","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Office of International Science and Engineering; University of Toronto","keywords":"Stakeholder; Academic integrity; Narrative; Perception; Political science; Public administration; Public relations; Psychology; Social psychology; Art; Literature","score_opus":0.06475491706590825,"score_gpt":0.41338228828410023,"score_spread":0.348627371218192,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3140353001","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9905306,0.0010616725,0.00004653339,0.0008292925,0.00045899735,0.0002933231,0.000041713738,0.000025144254,0.0067127],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99578464,0.00075143814,0.00037149907,0.00007443996,0.0007620218,0.0000340918,0.00016480514,0.000011015195,0.0020460212],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.99812156,0.00061451114,0.00024246001,0.00037585583,0.00044304293,0.00020259868],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992335,0.00014029397,0.00021674111,0.00008812834,0.00019701,0.00012433462],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008531746,0.00019940997,0.00027874237,0.00017001673,0.00071246066,0.00008066344,0.00015043718,0.0014731203,0.00028638155],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005139175,0.0001856061,0.000026229152,0.00020576705,0.00090274937,0.00037904416,0.000025196747,0.0017835863,4.1672826e-7],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003516571,0.000017025563,0.000600429,0.0000695113,0.000019009734,6.542783e-7,0.8963978,2.8971266e-7,0.0019279204,0.0954261,0.000083824845,0.0054222676],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00019261915,0.000049030896,0.0341636,0.0001582511,0.000024568923,0.000003987505,0.9591351,0.000015011597,0.00035956895,0.0024309733,0.003249872,0.00021740567],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00916212,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0075454484,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.09299512,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006872168,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00078856776,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99982315},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3152916307","doi":"10.3138/jsp.52.3.03","title":"Do Journals’ Author Guidelines Tell Us What We Need to Know about Plagiarism?","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Scholarly Publishing","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Copying; Publication; Originality; Citation; Plagiarism detection; Readability; Allowance (engineering); Academic integrity; Work (physics); Computer science; Psychology; Library science; Law; Political science; Social psychology; Information retrieval; Creativity","score_opus":0.08486452607422508,"score_gpt":0.37348253959160543,"score_spread":0.28861801351738037,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3152916307","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"commentary","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.14510994,0.07840099,0.0041822633,0.744422,0.009021546,0.00018911525,0.000016036995,0.00006410902,0.018593982],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.47820687,0.170535,0.13438919,0.09530816,0.057687897,0.0000142424915,0.000021716323,0.00025395534,0.06358298],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99222016,0.0013063948,0.0018074703,0.00036728918,0.0034617074,0.00083694566],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9837064,0.00091467786,0.0012353021,0.0003102455,0.012587857,0.0012455217],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts","scholarly_communication","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["metaresearch","scholarly_communication","research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.030573709,0.00027434775,0.00062254845,0.00078329834,0.0013481246,0.09719438,0.0021311338,0.0021217307,0.001338456],"category_scores_gemma":[0.08114854,0.00024372086,0.00042076397,0.0018320661,0.00012417826,0.12465417,0.00031182033,0.013556784,0.000088545086],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006867104,0.000087316505,0.01001246,0.00001922162,0.00014569685,0.000441258,0.027530832,0.00016158022,0.002738946,0.008843529,0.847115,0.10283553],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004349037,0.00005334834,0.0015751086,0.0019125984,0.00006985274,0.00027900393,0.06439025,0.000021244108,0.0005398755,0.008057125,0.92237073,0.00029595464],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005750722,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00031197537,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.64911383,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004864698,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0024732281,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99995196},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"reporting","study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["scholarly_communication","research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"qualitative","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W3153485877","doi":"10.1080/00131857.2021.1897574","title":"The case for academic plagiarism education: A PESA Executive collective writing project","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Educational Philosophy and Theory","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Sociology; Pedagogy; Higher education; Academic integrity; Executive summary; Mathematics education; Engineering ethics; Political science; Psychology; Law; Social psychology; Business; Engineering","score_opus":0.03521894724458988,"score_gpt":0.35369516339099993,"score_spread":0.3184762161464101,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3153485877","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.04181377,0.015002049,0.000656035,0.21640979,0.0032114165,0.001640351,0.00017792695,0.000066992754,0.72102165],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.963604,0.00064881967,0.00077355024,0.0026391924,0.005632745,0.00047648975,0.000049092883,0.000014647963,0.02616149],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983325,0.0006939197,0.00022583774,0.00029027552,0.00019079141,0.00026666193],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99302346,0.006115318,0.00011959413,0.00010943602,0.0005348181,0.00009740242],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0024463513,0.00011969475,0.000117154006,0.000058398055,0.0034435359,0.00010833061,0.00017488429,0.00044391784,0.00007042921],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0031990837,0.0001023716,0.00007315666,0.0003046268,0.00056643004,0.00022559267,0.00004093609,0.0011068161,0.000008188928],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005209182,0.000055089786,0.000075502896,0.000014490337,0.000039013587,0.0000061934147,0.027713265,2.101124e-7,0.000006060737,0.94925374,0.018146561,0.004637777],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00012040424,0.000013681483,0.00007190755,0.00004652078,0.000028380691,0.00025957846,0.06087608,0.000006371718,0.000041434494,0.85441846,0.08399552,0.00012168484],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00017230089,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000075270036,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9217902,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016566808,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0060895775,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999545},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["research_integrity","scholarly_communication"],"domain":null,"study_design":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre":"commentary","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W3155234390","doi":"10.1177/0956797620977513","title":"Effects of Trust and Threat Messaging on Academic Cheating: A Field Study","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Psychological Science","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Cheating; Psychology; Social psychology; Field (mathematics); Academic integrity; Internet privacy; Applied psychology; Computer security; Computer science","score_opus":0.040383684234241435,"score_gpt":0.4171003442903944,"score_spread":0.37671666005615295,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3155234390","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.904467,0.00018537117,0.00008847402,0.0022068848,0.0001929198,0.00018169727,3.780617e-7,0.000028669732,0.09264861],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99784476,0.00018618406,0.00023141084,0.00133358,0.00007115544,0.00000801476,8.920215e-8,0.0000017368047,0.00032306454],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99824595,0.00025448427,0.00016301488,0.00042261486,0.0005795548,0.00033435764],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99850583,0.0011018465,0.00006160751,0.000120672245,0.00007124152,0.00013877486],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0025643776,0.000079448386,0.0001550266,0.000045986828,0.0005617566,0.000038128255,0.0004154679,0.0002774279,0.00011265224],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0043883002,0.000058993162,0.000027992446,0.0007162847,0.0007559256,0.00014176233,0.00009304768,0.0009822085,0.000008819959],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014952246,0.0015960337,0.3803595,0.000054591634,0.000024927156,0.0001753318,0.09129789,0.000004601998,0.07586106,0.30325246,0.0015800009,0.14564407],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013793116,0.0016874042,0.8555907,0.00027727918,0.000050742667,0.00001956579,0.042142246,0.000091909045,0.05281504,0.040921807,0.0044630873,0.0005609214],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00015434672,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000010382925,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.47523117,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000027641743,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000054812026,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.52535224},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3161561699","doi":"10.2196/23834","title":"Efficiency, Usability, and Outcomes of Proctored Next-Level Exams for Proficiency Testing in Primary Care Education: Observational Study","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"JMIR Formative Research","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Usability; Observational study; Test (biology); Psychological intervention; Medical education; Supervisor; Psychology; Computer science; Medicine; Nursing","score_opus":0.34156035207814806,"score_gpt":0.49862004222987466,"score_spread":0.1570596901517266,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3161561699","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9860379,0.00018850391,0.000075706535,0.0008782741,0.000101419544,0.0020304082,0.000037120713,0.000012561386,0.01063811],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977601,0.000008947869,0.001180713,0.00004460665,0.000056316025,0.00048905425,0.000030412293,0.0000050638914,0.00042476156],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99724543,0.00068981596,0.00040093166,0.00025757443,0.001020296,0.00038596988],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99532646,0.00244878,0.000094495765,0.00013253881,0.0019219044,0.00007580955],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0047450336,0.000089509595,0.00021988046,0.00016058047,0.00061981485,0.00007870295,0.00029885993,0.00018419152,0.00001921551],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004424845,0.00007838908,0.00003418691,0.0011663301,0.00047118173,0.0006048384,0.00017562663,0.0007175158,0.0000021562678],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018035676,0.0007526639,0.73363274,0.00032423539,0.000006576354,4.9715635e-7,0.22909106,0.000002379088,0.00012630275,0.008432241,0.00013146647,0.027481828],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00028572525,0.00017025825,0.7688185,0.000075765514,0.0000021336155,4.78935e-7,0.2276689,0.000110362686,0.00012142621,0.0022502905,0.00042028798,0.00007586404],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010735424,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006613922,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.035185803,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00037534581,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0036773947,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.652354},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3163402237","doi":"10.1007/s10805-021-09412-6","title":"Academic Integrity Education Across the Canadian Higher Education Landscape","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Academic Ethics","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary; Humber Polytechnic","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Higher education; Medical education; Political science; Library science; Medicine","score_opus":0.09033786103858327,"score_gpt":0.43728614511354813,"score_spread":0.34694828407496486,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3163402237","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.16647619,0.016109679,0.00006087816,0.74752456,0.011373297,0.00019562904,0.000019517687,0.000025624022,0.058214605],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9238009,0.012578728,0.00041470394,0.036187597,0.007568258,0.000005588589,0.000011763999,0.000017309536,0.019415177],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9960406,0.00143689,0.00070050184,0.00018177558,0.0011334487,0.0005067996],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.995152,0.0015252945,0.0006215762,0.00017647188,0.0020336127,0.0004910648],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.01345602,0.0001484253,0.00023486515,0.00011993128,0.0016625496,0.00012682618,0.0010046901,0.0047008474,0.000519234],"category_scores_gemma":[0.008665985,0.00011355203,0.0001496561,0.00062639575,0.00046176542,0.0006276045,0.00005704608,0.04341111,0.000057472855],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000024727009,0.00005531366,0.02995764,0.000041738906,0.00006332437,0.000008067079,0.12562168,0.000011617903,0.00024298773,0.4854296,0.33524206,0.023301216],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009411677,0.000011648929,0.009051465,0.00026280986,0.00004534026,0.000092771996,0.034962863,0.0000037762793,0.0001404673,0.075784996,0.8794061,0.00014363101],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.05849984,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.11479364,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7573247,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00074864906,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.04658421,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99968445},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3174350654","doi":"10.1108/jd-01-2021-0018","title":"Do they practice what they preach? The presence of problematic citations in business ethics research","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Documentation","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; Ontario Tech University","funders":"","keywords":"Citation; Business ethics; Originality; Minor (academic); Value (mathematics); Citation analysis; Research ethics; Computer science; Psychology; Sociology; Social science; Library science; Public relations; Political science; Law","score_opus":0.1400330230487862,"score_gpt":0.48422085709694807,"score_spread":0.3441878340481619,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3174350654","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.3795517,0.0030686243,0.0018916304,0.5867354,0.0011378691,0.0010126685,0.000004200976,0.000010056959,0.026587786],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9883304,0.008903997,0.0020823171,0.00023889168,0.0001533857,0.000008098688,0.0000017962251,0.000004397657,0.00027668392],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9935439,0.004204002,0.0005178213,0.00008662964,0.0014769615,0.0001706865],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.987609,0.008536304,0.0005350685,0.000107096705,0.0031726079,0.00003991732],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.019898433,0.000051070452,0.00012454698,0.00013745003,0.0003560059,0.0003445207,0.0003167591,0.00022534825,0.000077536635],"category_scores_gemma":[0.025651915,0.00003570109,0.00003994031,0.0006635298,0.0001677728,0.003281471,0.000036653302,0.0020520182,0.000006205006],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008660414,0.0002080191,0.0011064146,0.00012426458,0.00005510982,0.000020785812,0.7842603,0.0015758161,0.0020977904,0.2043151,0.0014312885,0.004718562],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003761127,0.00005730449,0.004528396,0.0011519467,0.000049817354,0.000037612754,0.6521978,0.000051312843,0.00064611476,0.33511502,0.005717249,0.0000713108],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0022082073,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0026397377,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6087787,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013591307,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0012664617,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.98255545},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3174687450","doi":"10.1093/eurheartj/ehab398","title":"Retractions in medicine: the tip of the iceberg","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"European Heart Journal","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Sunnybrook Health Science Centre","funders":"","keywords":"Medicine; Iceberg; Oceanography","score_opus":0.07065087917340626,"score_gpt":0.3575210288480361,"score_spread":0.28687014967462987,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3174687450","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.14506786,0.00079441734,0.00006378766,0.21123864,0.001988296,0.00006515156,0.0000017106285,0.0000091860475,0.640771],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98803127,0.0005292749,0.00006893646,0.002386437,0.0014848374,1.6397672e-7,1.9239656e-7,0.0000053275817,0.007493559],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99705017,0.00219762,0.0001938712,0.000058703492,0.00035633694,0.00014328327],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992748,0.00037299667,0.00008786218,0.00011041323,0.000104260456,0.00004969316],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0047448734,0.000038436687,0.00007539993,0.000023628458,0.00063210423,0.000025551833,0.00027152966,0.000063727406,0.00097597577],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0020734998,0.000020380463,0.000062143925,0.0003252671,0.0002802766,0.000084514155,0.00003597677,0.0020885086,0.000043765103],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011823162,0.00006380031,0.09029589,0.0000066376797,0.000032428103,0.00012543534,0.07897991,0.00005258355,0.002624362,0.03911438,0.78384423,0.0048484975],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000081875405,0.000007309416,0.15497237,0.00008368363,0.000006912528,0.00014930645,0.009078257,0.0000043734076,0.00008816259,0.0011203567,0.8343785,0.00002888701],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00025196665,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00058669207,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8429634,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000033410568,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00020169822,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999373},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"evaluation","study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"commentary","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"commentary","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W3175444759","doi":"10.1080/08989621.2021.1947810","title":"What difference might retractions make? An estimate of the potential epistemic cost of retractions on meta-analyses","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Accountability in Research","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":50,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ottawa Hospital; University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Meta-analysis; Sample size determination; Statistics; Psychology; Publication bias; Epistemology; Econometrics; Confidence interval; Philosophy; Medicine; Mathematics","score_opus":0.47990707220513623,"score_gpt":0.5656053467790647,"score_spread":0.08569827457392848,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3175444759","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9727046,0.0003739653,0.000052056348,0.020913986,0.00068866427,0.00047866144,0.000100514,0.000013336971,0.004674234],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99787116,0.00063404406,0.00010629616,0.00007215408,0.0001171989,0.000041438907,0.000012171021,0.0000064905084,0.0011390304],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9928186,0.0039499537,0.00056577584,0.00039571946,0.0018487659,0.00042121002],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9948234,0.0027639575,0.00017361811,0.00080272864,0.0013416811,0.00009460321],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.009877126,0.00011490348,0.00040032994,0.00016906203,0.00065366336,0.00013943981,0.0007623197,0.0005894023,0.0013676108],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005506287,0.00008181314,0.0002707014,0.0015635951,0.0013169206,0.0006118213,0.0001305622,0.0031384407,0.000014911791],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0020006527,0.014529781,0.275624,0.0011832573,0.0043874444,0.000111271336,0.1400471,0.004142243,0.22248296,0.27181393,0.008045426,0.05563194],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00058211177,0.0001996008,0.6015941,0.00036147932,0.0010420519,0.00002159283,0.23003125,0.0015976117,0.05071883,0.103680305,0.009637693,0.00053338986],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.030984357,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.06109786,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.32597008,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000311684,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008689714,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995453},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3176889661","doi":"10.1016/j.cptl.2021.06.039","title":"Does a sudden shift of testing format from closed-book to open-book change the characteristics of test scores on summative final exams?","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Currents in Pharmacy Teaching and Learning","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Summative assessment; Test (biology); Pharmacy; Test preparation; Medical education; Medicine; Psychology; Computer science; Engineering; Mathematics education; Family medicine; Formative assessment","score_opus":0.11342213387821636,"score_gpt":0.39574011088921657,"score_spread":0.2823179770110002,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3176889661","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.991713,0.0008745323,0.00008039479,0.0014714069,0.00042691847,0.0003358926,0.000072589835,0.000022105742,0.005003154],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99779254,0.0004274071,0.0002719753,0.0006070459,0.00035697382,0.000020054995,0.000023136996,0.000010020824,0.00049082376],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99739164,0.0014050502,0.00036953526,0.00023804443,0.00032067136,0.0002750618],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9954991,0.0039524254,0.0002931387,0.00010115103,0.00007246379,0.00008173878],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0029525666,0.00014071068,0.00028429995,0.00007600478,0.00076743786,0.00010585404,0.00045172556,0.000096003925,0.00016188296],"category_scores_gemma":[0.007519845,0.00009447455,0.00003618514,0.00016123847,0.00015508862,0.00045172762,0.0002702135,0.0028164994,0.0000062222716],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006155039,0.0001445018,0.3790401,0.000071718256,0.000023841107,0.0000080545615,0.24956113,0.000012363254,0.00035785456,0.0008926263,0.0006432689,0.369183],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003228758,0.0003825459,0.27253166,0.010100779,0.00018779893,0.0000045808056,0.075719744,0.0064194254,0.004351061,0.002206245,0.62373817,0.0011292087],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0077136266,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00017341314,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6230949,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004329862,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00011485835,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99948406},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3177938779","doi":"10.3389/feduc.2021.639814","title":"Academic Integrity in Online Assessment: A Research Review","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Frontiers in Education","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":285,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada; Queen's University","keywords":"Academic integrity; Academic dishonesty; Engineering ethics; Suite; Process (computing); Curriculum; Foundation (evidence); Cheating; Computer science; Psychology; Medical education; Knowledge management; Pedagogy; Engineering; Political science; Medicine; Social psychology","score_opus":0.1978644255915193,"score_gpt":0.5458268679857784,"score_spread":0.3479624423942591,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3177938779","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0000023489702,0.9753588,0.00006096496,0.004187585,0.0053425357,0.001516211,0.00002902567,0.000019969772,0.013482591],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0000010805384,0.9892776,0.0044361125,0.0004659214,0.0011818458,0.00038225405,0.00072886655,0.000024546334,0.0035017612],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9898402,0.006969809,0.0010373079,0.0006166875,0.00089838955,0.0006376192],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99819463,0.0006554971,0.0003207348,0.00035910244,0.00032469403,0.00014532542],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.015313143,0.00026064867,0.0014995092,0.00091083755,0.0002062249,0.000050599705,0.0010454559,0.0028440086,0.00027123422],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005811179,0.0002576959,0.00022213842,0.0033655092,0.0002964715,0.0002949345,0.000112484326,0.021236224,0.00003197939],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[3.9031266e-7,0.000121082,0.00021299977,0.0068801804,0.000008832129,0.000002179552,0.0014137242,1.6056665e-8,2.6477585e-9,0.004386729,0.24860099,0.73837286],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000030381136,0.000004748546,0.000021110436,0.13155265,0.000059414015,0.0000016317724,0.009074174,0.0000020414936,8.995856e-9,0.0031113443,0.8559442,0.00019827869],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0046057175,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013772203,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7381746,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0036807908,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.019696323,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99998754},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3180796772","doi":"10.1111/bjep.12444","title":"Investigating how autonomy‐supportive teaching moderates the relation between student honesty and premeditated cheating","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"British Journal of Educational Psychology","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal; Université Laval","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Cheating; Honesty; Psychology; Personality; Autonomy; Social psychology; Trait; Relation (database); Big Five personality traits; Academic integrity","score_opus":0.0425926510258392,"score_gpt":0.3893236450417029,"score_spread":0.3467309940158637,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3180796772","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.88694125,0.0010622315,0.0005443065,0.10497484,0.0006459489,0.0000778152,0.000005658595,0.0000052699293,0.0057426617],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9927713,0.00016852502,0.0033468038,0.0010881901,0.0018479329,0.0000037992727,0.000017234814,0.000006196931,0.0007499801],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99781656,0.0011776654,0.00036643894,0.00014894283,0.00030928032,0.00018108687],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99727184,0.0016750632,0.00043805272,0.00004976634,0.00045177978,0.000113488604],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003476844,0.000068027875,0.00015633466,0.00004344513,0.001017348,0.00018709227,0.00018022601,0.00022998008,0.00010554681],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0048002037,0.000067603854,0.00004506467,0.00012397807,0.00030037886,0.00038799836,0.000024679333,0.0019086731,0.0000021953183],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006859851,0.00018036882,0.8181578,0.00001265251,0.00023057546,0.000027049029,0.09400119,0.00005742493,0.0006768426,0.028029257,0.026404658,0.032215334],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00020346747,0.000026126601,0.94327235,0.0001541447,0.000033983077,0.0004418041,0.017345916,0.000022551476,0.00001833896,0.03372726,0.0046685804,0.00008547608],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002442023,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00014889847,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12511456,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009213002,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009900575,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.82923406},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3181716525","doi":"10.24908/pceea.vi0.14845","title":"TRADITIONAL VERSUS OPEN-BOOK EXAMS IN REMOTE COURSE DELIVERY: A NARRATIVE REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Proceedings of the Canadian Engineering Education Association (CEEA)","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"University of Alberta","keywords":"Narrative; Context (archaeology); Construct (python library); Narrative review; Psychology; Process (computing); Medical education; Computer science; Medicine; History; Art; Literature","score_opus":0.033519938485024575,"score_gpt":0.3183284902452035,"score_spread":0.28480855176017894,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3181716525","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000027371345,0.9758014,2.0153773e-7,0.012203019,0.0021573687,0.0011408664,0.00016200029,0.000010050765,0.008497731],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00013173117,0.99463147,0.00013204828,0.00086173316,0.0003683748,0.00006255081,0.00007545612,0.000022372258,0.0037142718],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981498,0.00014116349,0.00056246604,0.00024356466,0.00061790115,0.000285078],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9972756,0.0003419126,0.0010957333,0.00012873198,0.00101347,0.00014458604],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0022646058,0.00021554204,0.0006990035,0.00016432098,0.00029674507,0.00012749543,0.0011787039,0.0008709179,0.000113159665],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0060099205,0.00017422908,0.00031956084,0.0015627824,0.00006555187,0.0003386665,0.00006115588,0.0016109804,0.0000021608776],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":true,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003289276,0.0001040118,0.000088627436,0.031763047,0.00043480456,4.2826647e-7,0.03059312,0.0000072824655,0.0000010612273,0.064918175,0.78836346,0.083722726],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000068928915,0.0000041837175,0.000088005414,0.09001909,0.00018992848,0.0000016264497,0.0008700935,0.000004577714,0.0000014013668,0.0000850207,0.90851015,0.00015697276],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.016049257,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.015937852,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12014674,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.004231099,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.008168591,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99959147},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3189067796","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-71363-8_25","title":"Collaborative Writing: Roles, Authorship &amp; Ethics","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Innovation and change in professional education","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Candidacy; Collaborative writing; Professional writing; Productivity; Engineering ethics; Psychology; Political science; Engineering; Pedagogy; Law","score_opus":0.14597757979986892,"score_gpt":0.44410101931274787,"score_spread":0.29812343951287895,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3189067796","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0113239605,0.0068997885,0.000041674673,0.1617134,0.009994819,0.0014720181,0.00011616694,0.00009361013,0.80834454],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.037037876,0.0025256658,0.0004912796,0.010836527,0.003076679,0.00018299646,0.0016855708,0.0000312397,0.94413215],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9980316,0.00035572608,0.00047455804,0.00032848987,0.0006113272,0.0001982632],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99728006,0.00044292014,0.00038946653,0.00011072414,0.0017109227,0.00006590997],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0031912096,0.00018666235,0.00021738878,0.00043373794,0.00052714185,0.0000746097,0.00013431591,0.0028714517,0.0010793428],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0014166724,0.00019956102,0.000023792063,0.0005017716,0.00020872625,0.00026458464,0.000053447446,0.0040151333,0.00003444961],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000109709035,0.000036986876,0.00025259235,0.000055707,0.000006756288,8.1908627e-7,0.08051054,2.8306529e-8,0.000009355034,0.8834163,0.012437642,0.02326228],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007518557,0.000006021711,0.0006877865,0.0014102787,0.00000858166,0.0000014417302,0.0123274345,0.0000017608385,0.0000059137374,0.18589742,0.799361,0.00021719797],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005309806,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004448669,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.78692335,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000258224,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0042761564,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998338},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3192444569","doi":"10.3968/12127","title":"Navigating Between Scylla and Charybdis: Research on the Perception of Graduate Students at UCASS on Intentional and Unintentional Plagiarism","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Studies in literature and language","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Perception; Graduate students; Psychology; Perspective (graphical); Academic integrity; Pedagogy; Medical education; Medicine; Social psychology; Computer science","score_opus":0.13759698768373302,"score_gpt":0.4833682328233585,"score_spread":0.3457712451396255,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3192444569","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9861916,0.0058770166,8.1615366e-7,0.005499941,0.00011218792,0.0001276172,0.00005487511,0.0000059788417,0.0021300125],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9950057,0.002847702,0.000038895017,0.00031656487,0.0002666978,0.0000097796255,0.00003835866,0.0000040667937,0.0014721935],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982015,0.00064032996,0.00016266697,0.00023130838,0.0005767841,0.00018743421],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985363,0.0010853418,0.000046450565,0.00007132074,0.00022072946,0.000039849656],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0027063128,0.00008941861,0.00015822246,0.000047504807,0.00062553457,0.00007442501,0.000096660195,0.00022556164,0.000028937513],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008658628,0.000060953407,0.000026291978,0.00024468952,0.000735098,0.00008367993,0.00021586019,0.0017346613,0.0000017931129],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008476717,0.0000705014,0.085203744,0.00013959435,0.00016192021,0.000079693695,0.82404166,3.2128312e-7,0.0006013097,0.076535635,0.0035010157,0.009579808],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00057728,0.0001608793,0.25372928,0.0033555774,0.000027749853,0.000015334837,0.7272421,0.000009932157,0.0001786521,0.012349149,0.0021631436,0.00019094521],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00020457391,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00024316678,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.16852553,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000056879795,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000017597184,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7536337},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"qualitative","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"methods","study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"medium"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W3199081311","doi":"10.11575/prism/39221","title":"Updates: Alberta Council on Academic Integrity Contract Cheating Working Group","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Open MIND","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Cheating; Group (periodic table); Business; Computer security; Political science; Computer science; Psychology; Social psychology; Library science","score_opus":0.15357708630765834,"score_gpt":0.36808233884789293,"score_spread":0.2145052525402346,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3199081311","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.24760044,0.00026091476,0.00006488886,0.009088535,0.0006105407,0.00029424447,0.000012061106,0.000005416061,0.742063],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97608817,0.00023757304,0.0017504172,0.0017989876,0.00069115893,0.000011626752,0.0000314741,0.000012804909,0.019377787],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99748325,0.0004885291,0.00033656613,0.00045294684,0.0007558577,0.0004828249],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978037,0.0014506907,0.00015409305,0.00020167412,0.00022148713,0.00016834962],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0052615604,0.0001576673,0.00027143597,0.000022365139,0.0007291191,0.0003439235,0.0008566117,0.0010515001,0.0083834445],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0051458306,0.0001513407,0.00007310776,0.00030735423,0.00016903148,0.00044645704,0.00018493792,0.0042423606,0.0010660178],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00022133892,0.00026050064,0.023099272,0.000012545069,0.00014887168,0.00014066689,0.16150609,0.000014991946,0.0026637332,0.08385618,0.023688152,0.70438766],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00031934425,0.000021128102,0.0004063143,0.0003013265,0.00002392781,0.0000059741105,0.011946321,0.00013689433,0.0013914724,0.0016515144,0.983546,0.00024973493],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.019193234,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.03708719,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9598579,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005390118,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0015035261,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99971175},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3200991027","doi":"10.1155/2021/4834860","title":"A Scoping Review of Text-Matching Software Used for Student Academic Integrity in Higher Education","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Education Research International","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"University of Calgary","keywords":"Matching (statistics); Identification (biology); Extant taxon; Software; Plagiarism detection; Computer science; Quality (philosophy); Academic integrity; Higher education; Psychology; Mathematics education; Medical education; Information retrieval; Political science; Library science; Medicine","score_opus":0.3374180854405871,"score_gpt":0.6127490934585863,"score_spread":0.2753310080179992,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3200991027","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000010900848,0.9776251,0.00008715679,0.008231229,0.004801301,0.0035450575,0.00007338455,0.000023036559,0.0056028822],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00001542236,0.979685,0.0013435843,0.00045052785,0.002497219,0.0023104185,0.0008836694,0.000030784155,0.012783355],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99329835,0.0023721785,0.0013471217,0.0005787126,0.0019365477,0.00046707722],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9928193,0.0037708809,0.0006451683,0.0002914687,0.0023032275,0.00016994432],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0120229395,0.00024425215,0.0010034811,0.0008815606,0.0002759815,0.00011603487,0.0015597275,0.0011470054,0.0027504656],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00982189,0.00024074374,0.00036683033,0.0010751339,0.00024422875,0.00038624412,0.00021358408,0.005466137,0.000049311686],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000036987922,0.00047857533,0.00013955112,0.094369836,0.00008709869,5.675109e-7,0.0036505554,2.4118185e-7,3.5447516e-7,0.11574315,0.05547733,0.730049],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000042070897,0.000006562165,0.00001153609,0.39796624,0.000029201372,0.0000013561325,0.001307002,1.6552785e-7,4.6187137e-7,0.0019082251,0.59860325,0.00012393852],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0018718803,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00039550362,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7299251,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0019163812,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.03356254,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9985188},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3201865051","doi":"10.35940/ijbsac.d0465.103521","title":"T ransitioning a L arge Biology Class from a n i n Person t o a n Online Exam During the COVID 19 Pandemic","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Basic Sciences and Applied Computing","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"London Health Sciences Centre; Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Pandemic; Medical education; Class (philosophy); Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); Psychology; 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak; Medicine; Computer science; Internal medicine; Virology; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.059857272820708754,"score_gpt":0.3445971768490561,"score_spread":0.28473990402834737,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3201865051","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.970023,0.00052718923,0.010585989,0.016370792,0.0006971021,0.000040660678,0.000015475156,0.000014000893,0.0017258015],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9938415,0.00024160682,0.0017763707,0.0025776268,0.0015193496,4.2711457e-7,0.000004111783,0.000002615856,0.000036384485],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986255,0.00019984244,0.00028852333,0.00018669381,0.0004969082,0.00020249838],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99848974,0.00086076156,0.00031953864,0.000039943472,0.00018002343,0.00010998415],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0022522851,0.000077776225,0.00014948157,0.00008296979,0.00094248157,0.00020034818,0.00050806726,0.00012458676,0.000076459735],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005237911,0.000056401797,0.00006686914,0.00020799125,0.00043517837,0.00012289642,0.00008501639,0.0006695922,0.0000017063498],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00034432916,0.0002863689,0.22757654,0.000026108053,0.00062007,0.0002686842,0.19272622,0.008789094,0.047872886,0.36378548,0.0014371116,0.15626712],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0072681643,0.00023589209,0.065021604,0.0008086256,0.00019748569,0.0031149504,0.5955749,0.030447498,0.0020217896,0.16482481,0.12919065,0.0012935927],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007965024,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00031840362,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.40284872,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011416371,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00044052,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7248902},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3202297238","doi":"10.1177/22925503211043167","title":"Decoding Plagiarism and Academic Dishonesty in <i>Plastic Surgery</i>","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"editorial","venue":"Plastic Surgery","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University; University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Academic dishonesty; Decoding methods; Academic integrity; Psychology; Computer science; Cheating; Social psychology; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.030394978182814846,"score_gpt":0.29695624225002054,"score_spread":0.2665612640672057,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3202297238","genre_codex":"editorial","genre_gemma":"editorial","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"editorial","genre_consensus":"editorial","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.03630917,0.0037400324,0.00018464182,0.00029949186,0.9582071,0.00014937393,0.0002505624,0.00015402168,0.0007056274],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.06375956,0.02605887,0.000044393044,0.000084602994,0.90850496,0.000083025116,0.0008433408,0.00013001039,0.0004912212],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99241215,0.0014044844,0.0014145995,0.0011733866,0.0020837218,0.0015116549],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.61399883,0.38460523,0.0005028553,0.00023803809,0.00023820173,0.0004168335],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.008244993,0.0006837967,0.0017549178,0.00083577045,0.00061190315,0.00026984132,0.000482153,0.009872482,0.00037145856],"category_scores_gemma":[0.32945037,0.0007442095,0.00035126277,0.0010297009,0.00065456907,0.00050887576,0.00024694187,0.012604031,0.00010584106],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000061628074,0.000037122918,0.029199393,0.00023455855,0.000053370095,0.00038637262,0.0018650641,0.000007671368,0.0000065114564,0.00013403369,0.9660991,0.0019152183],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00017383469,0.000006210557,0.0016167009,0.002422376,0.0001308305,0.000009065719,0.0015366566,0.000086101754,0.000012914194,0.00032126452,0.99265814,0.0010259033],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0042437213,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0031829656,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.38320073,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00047501453,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.004342062,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995009},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3205188572","doi":"10.11575/cpai.v4i1.72821","title":"Hosting academic integrity events: What can you do with academic integrity at your college or university?","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Calgary","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Public relations; Higher education; Research integrity; Political science; Engineering ethics; Medical education; Engineering; Medicine; Law","score_opus":0.032193298687578,"score_gpt":0.2680669968645313,"score_spread":0.23587369817695328,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3205188572","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9547067,0.0008887113,0.0013130354,0.013013606,0.00055809587,0.0004681388,0.00020245893,0.00017882428,0.0286704],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.87692237,0.017399479,0.003811768,0.0009879502,0.00033124213,3.313163e-7,0.00012119863,0.00003691926,0.100388765],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9967589,0.0009054434,0.0002581351,0.00059644104,0.0008451482,0.00063593185],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977914,0.0006185519,0.0003197357,0.00028851477,0.0005632955,0.00041846876],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0013906833,0.00027168012,0.00048341186,0.00020635934,0.0013473667,0.000021318594,0.0010814997,0.0020001659,0.0012286012],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00072257535,0.0002826571,0.0001772637,0.0010241659,0.00095340254,0.0012994169,0.00054707786,0.0074565555,0.000045291632],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0078032413,0.00056266726,0.33582434,0.0005277527,0.0011335016,0.005686234,0.28204623,0.000041870684,0.002378369,0.2861954,0.043242037,0.03455839],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0024177015,0.00017807695,0.010533887,0.0015684067,0.00036144303,0.0001098839,0.55175596,0.00017806688,0.0008567252,0.0020357415,0.42907012,0.00093401654],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.011090783,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.014034585,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.38582808,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0012307507,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002563719,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99996257},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3205290715","doi":"10.11575/cpai.v4i1.72852","title":"Championing academic integrity in academic development","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Calgary","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Assiniboine Community College","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Learning development; Session (web analytics); Officer; Work (physics); Quality (philosophy); Academic community; Higher education; Research integrity; Subject (documents); Medical education; Engineering ethics; Pedagogy; Psychology; Public relations; Computer science; Engineering; Political science; Medicine; Library science; World Wide Web","score_opus":0.035217588719002005,"score_gpt":0.281689680743396,"score_spread":0.24647209202439402,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3205290715","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8911076,0.00086190715,0.0040827547,0.004237623,0.00023565831,0.00013667883,0.0000023158243,0.0000617176,0.09927373],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98010105,0.0024819353,0.005450131,0.0005922596,0.00009997041,2.3070184e-7,0.000021505946,0.0000067154037,0.011246226],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99872607,0.00028974327,0.00017279519,0.0001979942,0.00034052154,0.00027285816],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99941105,0.00020531277,0.00008367402,0.00007757906,0.00011496349,0.00010739692],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012743007,0.00007663459,0.00017073561,0.000110971596,0.00028950305,0.000003988108,0.00035967474,0.0010162551,0.0005046705],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00039662715,0.00009916165,0.00004959717,0.00035088495,0.0002613226,0.0002275747,0.00012722175,0.0036401215,0.000047053843],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015585647,0.00011756341,0.26357555,0.00009020087,0.00007078601,0.00037491592,0.32440755,0.000021231806,0.0028538455,0.31380674,0.008746972,0.08577878],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00069452793,0.000011441712,0.06282898,0.00041043514,0.00001853202,0.0000059716663,0.06436057,0.00020862278,0.0032130668,0.005896243,0.86199456,0.00035704797],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0032024866,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002677908,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8532476,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00025527045,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0012382426,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99865854},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3205630763","doi":"10.11575/cpai.v4i1.72845","title":"You've got this! The fundamental values of academic integrity","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Calgary","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Red River College","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Session (web analytics); Honesty; Courage; Psychology; Set (abstract data type); Work (physics); Public relations; Internet privacy; Computer science; Social psychology; World Wide Web; Political science; Engineering","score_opus":0.024715711549517277,"score_gpt":0.2681440265401002,"score_spread":0.24342831499058296,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3205630763","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6166066,0.0010324453,0.00095018826,0.0075275265,0.0004144592,0.00016566023,0.00003795563,0.000041671512,0.3732235],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97244173,0.0015120623,0.00084578316,0.0003696243,0.000108149,6.79864e-8,0.000013380701,0.0000040200466,0.024705164],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987826,0.00040386376,0.00012099938,0.00013726504,0.00038643522,0.00016886361],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991953,0.00032811504,0.00011360173,0.00012869481,0.00016891402,0.000065375556],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00096273515,0.000065351676,0.00015714508,0.000034308436,0.00039457646,0.0000053832264,0.0004819522,0.00050606567,0.0015941961],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00028663618,0.000060815888,0.00012349592,0.00020367203,0.00097688,0.00016597704,0.00015353799,0.001656476,0.000029121551],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000234918,0.00020115434,0.042764567,0.000082521365,0.00024095003,0.000082575214,0.2735929,0.0000044475546,0.0041933497,0.5641334,0.08861128,0.025857965],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00082324026,0.000087258195,0.016044129,0.00023018618,0.00021236936,0.00001219867,0.3234437,0.0003037219,0.007367689,0.029317826,0.62178856,0.00036912726],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008198106,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006833142,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.53481555,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008805209,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004517866,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9993185},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3207425528","doi":"10.1007/s40979-021-00088-4","title":"International students’ knowledge and emotions related to academic integrity at Canadian postsecondary institutions","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Educational Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":38,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Red River College; University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Cheating; Misconduct; Feeling; Psychology; Academic dishonesty; Higher education; Scientific misconduct; Medical education; Reading (process); Social psychology; Public relations; Political science; Medicine; Law","score_opus":0.06153495639984373,"score_gpt":0.4460394232579318,"score_spread":0.38450446685808803,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3207425528","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.44371912,0.00078678894,0.0008046794,0.43818948,0.030165689,0.0005784546,0.0011285247,0.00006530992,0.084561974],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.93226165,0.0016384191,0.0035712007,0.006156077,0.003491126,0.00008766642,0.00075546297,0.0000297541,0.05200863],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9968063,0.000361408,0.00076869415,0.0004936397,0.0010290131,0.00054091815],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9935999,0.0008880399,0.00021872541,0.00015958912,0.0040692356,0.0010645187],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0026760807,0.00024959794,0.00024828888,0.00067408534,0.0019587823,0.00048541158,0.0014926033,0.0008783847,0.004666427],"category_scores_gemma":[0.007369325,0.00026873976,0.00023249687,0.00040385072,0.0003664078,0.0010804895,0.00029876258,0.004535592,0.00032548927],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":true,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008053428,0.00027996997,0.04253899,0.00000772889,0.00046815843,0.000032661046,0.015092348,0.000018980965,0.00026145746,0.75347763,0.18090755,0.006834015],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00050001754,0.00002488564,0.042578977,0.00015626343,0.000038170874,0.0007028966,0.004020147,0.000031892716,0.00008477377,0.062673755,0.8888875,0.0003006764],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01808471,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.09538324,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.70798,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003874858,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.008950263,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99997646},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3207670544","doi":"10.11575/cpai.v4i1.71341","title":"Towards a supportive math pedagogy: Power dynamics and academic integrity considerations","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Calgary","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Dynamics (music); Mathematics education; Power (physics); Pedagogy; Academic integrity; Misconduct; Social pedagogy; Psychology; Social change; Political science; Social psychology","score_opus":0.03063001247952021,"score_gpt":0.29230318765164487,"score_spread":0.2616731751721247,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3207670544","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.58365923,0.0002665374,0.041495204,0.1171996,0.00020815087,0.00044223393,0.0001638602,0.00017171564,0.2563935],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9951849,0.0003374571,0.002415223,0.001205912,0.000036019665,6.9320585e-8,0.000012093402,0.00000343999,0.000804897],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992264,0.0001539798,0.000101278376,0.00015836858,0.00020745161,0.00015252733],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99941164,0.000160806,0.00007756009,0.000049606137,0.000121531884,0.00017885008],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003603946,0.000070155984,0.00015301077,0.00003716942,0.00033238568,0.0000092678265,0.00014731481,0.0005097651,0.000640882],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004995451,0.000081461374,0.00004927634,0.00009848463,0.00062182994,0.00022214976,0.00009149994,0.0014364115,0.000018114775],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000042994685,0.0000124409535,0.004163087,0.000011957852,0.000025214034,0.000032944718,0.08464113,5.238902e-7,0.00004688324,0.9030281,0.0058538117,0.002140929],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0023257008,0.00051778054,0.044429272,0.00016852692,0.00038344026,0.000038286802,0.5912254,0.025678527,0.00032876077,0.09833207,0.23534223,0.0012300143],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005026822,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0015243059,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.804696,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007150193,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005923222,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.75990844},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3207674427","doi":"10.11575/cpai.v4i1.70974","title":"Punishment before pedagogy: An exploration of novice writers' experiences of plagiarism in university contexts","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Calgary","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina; University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Punitive damages; Psychology; Context (archaeology); Formative assessment; Perception; Action (physics); Likert scale; Categorization; Qualitative research; Social psychology; Pedagogy; Medical education; Mathematics education; Sociology; Developmental psychology; Political science; Epistemology; Medicine","score_opus":0.0299782397094206,"score_gpt":0.27624243362779755,"score_spread":0.24626419391837695,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3207674427","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9829927,0.00003831781,0.004124952,0.0016325341,0.000056476358,0.0001699749,0.000012662464,0.000015729165,0.010956664],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988591,0.00009194942,0.0007107298,0.000075219374,0.00002152211,4.3993236e-8,0.0000131838115,0.0000021373935,0.00022612761],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989891,0.00027226913,0.00014099522,0.00016243492,0.00030617265,0.00012905036],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994243,0.000068561465,0.00017348053,0.000084124455,0.0001423964,0.00010713612],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00040141746,0.000068124165,0.00020365344,0.00009702257,0.00012331818,0.0000029795997,0.00039836572,0.0003553959,0.00016592914],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007187393,0.0000865713,0.00005699876,0.00027255382,0.00055188936,0.0007907543,0.00007301838,0.00035117054,0.0000021109652],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00030846862,0.00009281881,0.0055767884,0.000037117414,0.00001585602,0.00001969321,0.95541304,0.000019637973,0.00034732543,0.03320954,0.0002697589,0.004689965],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00067207246,0.00027881682,0.0025379327,0.000054544482,0.000023024313,2.0631077e-7,0.9791278,0.0005341371,0.00071412616,0.00043019536,0.015513024,0.00011412007],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01056391,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0051216707,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.032779347,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000056729015,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00026787142,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99602485},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"qualitative","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"qualitative","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"}],"label_agreement":"agree"},{"id":"W3207890584","doi":"10.11575/cpai.v4i1.72822","title":"Academic integrity at ICM: Successes, challenges and opportunities","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Calgary","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Misconduct; Presentation (obstetrics); Constructive; Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Engineering ethics; Public relations; Order (exchange); Work (physics); Data integrity; Research integrity; Political science; Psychology; Computer science; Computer security; Business; Engineering; Medicine; Law","score_opus":0.07106367323467522,"score_gpt":0.27152187143273476,"score_spread":0.20045819819805955,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3207890584","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.3166391,0.027223287,0.0003284159,0.043227226,0.00026461584,0.00011470322,0.000022604125,0.00008898688,0.61209106],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.59944004,0.3503031,0.00077213027,0.0006347823,0.00014066257,1.274925e-7,0.000027530012,0.0000074897457,0.048674118],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990718,0.00027456484,0.000080734986,0.00016361187,0.00023854658,0.00017078729],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99931854,0.00025720138,0.00006265026,0.0000858412,0.0001458563,0.00012990927],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00058703707,0.000068144596,0.00015353136,0.000047762936,0.0003710322,0.0000052901123,0.00020781698,0.00059711206,0.0005688224],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016417875,0.000082412414,0.000044553133,0.000053507563,0.0006416606,0.00023697126,0.00018721448,0.001009509,0.000010552679],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005000952,0.000026891084,0.001665903,0.00007527517,0.00004011226,0.00017797734,0.04749201,1.365816e-7,0.00016324352,0.8728581,0.0068779686,0.07057238],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00019371066,0.000014737827,0.0028497241,0.000068265,0.000032779608,0.000010255281,0.049731772,0.000019652587,0.00026836136,0.0069394438,0.93973684,0.0001344382],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004020676,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006209298,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9328589,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000074998185,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00033121335,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6228206},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3207956080","doi":"10.55016/ojs/cpai.v4i1.71475","title":"Motivators for student academic dishonesty at a medium sized university in Alberta, Canada: Faculty and student perspectives","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Perspectives on Academic Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Lethbridge","funders":"","keywords":"Misconduct; Situational ethics; Psychology; Thematic analysis; Academic dishonesty; Academic integrity; Set (abstract data type); Variety (cybernetics); Scientific misconduct; Medical education; Social psychology; Cheating; Qualitative research; Sociology; Political science; Medicine","score_opus":0.02251240799582146,"score_gpt":0.3126444684131505,"score_spread":0.2901320604173291,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3207956080","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9171209,0.0012854639,0.00001096828,0.06872407,0.00052234775,0.0009637255,0.0006569911,0.000043820757,0.010671715],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98428893,0.0028062183,0.000063975756,0.001493894,0.000433907,0.000027382639,0.00005322433,0.000031558677,0.010800884],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.99531615,0.0008397289,0.00046123753,0.0012412114,0.0008757611,0.0012659276],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.996238,0.0014858773,0.00019461378,0.00028263245,0.0005534697,0.0012454382],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0017475729,0.00044975357,0.00064166344,0.00034640252,0.0012780419,0.00005106699,0.00091703684,0.0019887285,0.00030073037],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0044809994,0.00048538417,0.00016263027,0.0007465974,0.00082566665,0.00046066436,0.00018594727,0.0078069447,0.00001286304],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":true,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00023854918,0.00013149128,0.16549306,0.0000327746,0.00021704109,0.00021330568,0.46567485,0.000016138201,0.000085310836,0.34358823,0.023764849,0.00054441945],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010411907,0.000042491414,0.19142206,0.000118513555,0.000050091785,0.000012452284,0.6664989,0.000018488321,0.00015075105,0.0008847727,0.13922948,0.00053081865],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.97856194,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9986789,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.34270346,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.01678826,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0130419005,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997598},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3208147675","doi":"10.11575/cpai.v3i2.71652","title":"My journey to becoming an academic integrity specialist","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Calgary","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Red River College","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Public relations; Engineering ethics; Political science; Engineering","score_opus":0.0716683310822135,"score_gpt":0.3043994304862878,"score_spread":0.23273109940407433,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3208147675","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.67750794,0.00008191245,0.020531278,0.06480476,0.00041555328,0.0003453859,0.000031280495,0.00016420611,0.23611766],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9831773,0.00026234434,0.006772029,0.0059261397,0.0009985721,7.839338e-8,0.000013706208,0.000009760191,0.0028400884],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99889976,0.00025110686,0.00011834941,0.00019162834,0.00031939682,0.00021976882],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99919456,0.00010649753,0.000073696516,0.000080984384,0.00009893618,0.00044532362],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006925505,0.000076233,0.00017110625,0.00005928031,0.00042654318,0.000012474653,0.0006410897,0.0005192868,0.0010267048],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004508541,0.000094124065,0.00007126822,0.00024388479,0.00025721596,0.00035125736,0.00011185796,0.0018919127,0.00011049875],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00047297796,0.0000795475,0.016206492,0.000038826274,0.000055561955,0.00010012678,0.54160815,0.000021506185,0.0019061363,0.2741981,0.12073901,0.044573527],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00033917316,0.00009762444,0.0041705845,0.000047043617,0.00003473143,0.000001211185,0.072124,0.0004119294,0.00028122633,0.0024196543,0.91982967,0.00024314685],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.011252074,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002121754,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7990907,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000100822515,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00027127043,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998865},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3209674568","doi":"10.7202/1083333ar","title":"Academic Integrity Policy Analysis of Publicly-Funded Universities in Ontario, Canada: A Focus on Contract Cheating","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Educational Administration and Policy","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":43,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Fleming College; University of Calgary; University of Toronto; University of Waterloo; University of Manitoba; Humber Polytechnic","funders":"University of South Australia","keywords":"Cheating; Academic integrity; Punitive damages; Public relations; Contract management; Promotion (chess); Political science; Business; Psychology; Marketing; Social psychology; Law","score_opus":0.0323001255123336,"score_gpt":0.3335745380602457,"score_spread":0.3012744125479121,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3209674568","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7917839,0.000107090964,0.0000042067945,0.17302057,0.00012862532,0.000038387097,0.00007045451,7.4415834e-7,0.034846008],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9954511,0.000039536873,0.00005712982,0.0015005922,0.00038545593,6.861149e-7,0.000027126689,0.0000025404022,0.0025358656],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988042,0.00020430528,0.0003983278,0.0001019577,0.0002633588,0.00022782959],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981418,0.00057468587,0.00028028636,0.00005731119,0.0004384704,0.00050744164],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000659477,0.000081050646,0.00022218013,0.0008870252,0.00022543648,0.00005191197,0.000154739,0.00025264636,0.0010787304],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0020028464,0.00008818571,0.000070349095,0.000996691,0.0001604769,0.00022839195,0.000004432123,0.0012535198,4.5198917e-7],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000017143839,0.000020351732,0.19199455,0.0000036872686,0.00011363397,0.000011675297,0.013847143,0.000024704827,0.000009391257,0.7919549,0.0015437664,0.00045909674],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00027199462,0.000060197355,0.9225138,0.00008395737,0.000110652036,0.00003468565,0.028996773,0.000025529736,0.00011929027,0.015623705,0.032001566,0.00015785737],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.99917376,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.999962,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7763311,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002726022,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.21103157,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998344},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3210319804","doi":"10.11575/cpai.v3i1.68399","title":"Text-matching software in post-secondary contexts: A systematic review protocol","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"University of Calgary","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Systematic review; Protocol (science); Matching (statistics); Computer science; Software; Software technical review; Data science; Psychology; Software engineering; Software development; MEDLINE; Medicine; Software design; Political science","score_opus":0.024329885589043525,"score_gpt":0.31343585190749174,"score_spread":0.2891059663184482,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3210319804","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[9.533284e-8,0.8726473,0.00013249219,0.00007386127,0.00007901205,0.10717658,0.000047747635,0.00004449016,0.019798432],"genre_scores_gemma":[8.142541e-8,0.9934523,0.00028592907,0.00027133498,0.000028883182,0.0005910066,0.000048297537,0.00001624663,0.0053058877],"study_design_codex":"systematic_review","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99647546,0.0017428836,0.0006410029,0.00033711002,0.00048645303,0.0003170733],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9975717,0.00096167997,0.00085215154,0.00032918443,0.00017693105,0.00010835594],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0023784398,0.0002794241,0.0026422364,0.00023631527,0.0002077971,0.000016318309,0.0010854662,0.0012515422,0.0008731179],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008895344,0.000264945,0.00061099674,0.00035442086,0.00025271327,0.000285672,0.00017240216,0.0022073765,0.00031455953],"study_design_candidate":"systematic_review","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000062431573,0.000024280554,0.000001122074,0.8951512,0.00007444428,0.000042814987,0.0022519836,1.8199522e-8,1.0052404e-8,0.0019604587,0.0011489931,0.099338405],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000115921874,0.000015139264,4.9880583e-7,0.42503276,0.00046657203,0.0000052202627,0.0007040054,2.710753e-7,5.714116e-9,0.00007411673,0.5734099,0.00017555493],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00469788,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011434376,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5722609,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00037501147,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0023236333,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999803},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3210545758","doi":"10.11575/cpai.v3i2.71644","title":"COVID-19: A silver lining for academic integrity from a pandemic","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Calgary","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Pandemic; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak; Academic integrity; Virology; Medicine; Engineering; Infectious disease (medical specialty); Outbreak; Engineering ethics; Disease; Pathology","score_opus":0.07157699761022303,"score_gpt":0.31125710980363824,"score_spread":0.23968011219341523,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3210545758","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.35395354,0.0009994849,0.51420224,0.08055041,0.00057862344,0.001273584,0.00043945742,0.0006208413,0.047381803],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97429925,0.000850565,0.008944085,0.013715798,0.00053297105,5.965704e-7,0.000074911484,0.000011426418,0.0015703837],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99895126,0.0001990854,0.00013397647,0.0002400676,0.00025309724,0.00022253586],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981891,0.0010153727,0.000121384255,0.00006881441,0.0000835928,0.000521738],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006985858,0.000086797816,0.00021151117,0.000041207364,0.00043349908,0.0000065253384,0.00051533274,0.0008793942,0.0008643112],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003078368,0.00010344905,0.00013321325,0.00015839688,0.00039496357,0.00019923811,0.00009159167,0.0017284988,0.000029514158],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.001851396,0.00006804768,0.08601471,0.00016956688,0.00023954806,0.00007201676,0.53769416,0.000037795762,0.0026211906,0.16907677,0.17420289,0.027951937],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009883309,0.000060803955,0.0005967764,0.000038503345,0.000084140425,6.23927e-7,0.03638511,0.0026792344,0.00007146858,0.011254533,0.94762677,0.00021371273],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.021310147,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001156113,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.77342385,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016181695,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0011258324,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.985207},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3210677772","doi":"10.11575/cpai.v4i1.69770","title":"Exploring Rogeting: Implications for Academic Integrity","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Calgary","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Synonym (taxonomy); Academic integrity; Sign (mathematics); Computer science; Linguistics; Psychology; Academic writing; Mathematics education; Social psychology; Philosophy","score_opus":0.17357844984998344,"score_gpt":0.30420074571160793,"score_spread":0.1306222958616245,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3210677772","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.39370093,0.00031418516,0.23517726,0.22139354,0.00035368302,0.0010193456,0.00009388293,0.0003848675,0.14756231],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98962855,0.00084640406,0.007668179,0.00094556017,0.00025868695,0.0000010820648,0.000016891237,0.00000628404,0.00062836346],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994545,0.0000705811,0.000080779064,0.00013114387,0.00011161487,0.00015140642],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993878,0.00025680248,0.000063717314,0.00005356,0.00010425827,0.00013383217],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00041918093,0.000046794565,0.00010212183,0.000028832297,0.00038853215,0.000004337585,0.0003845013,0.0002611601,0.00006662921],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005187242,0.00005889511,0.000077089644,0.00014691595,0.0001912875,0.00026633634,0.000056173005,0.00085987383,0.000013773299],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011326719,0.00002119228,0.010596392,0.000045965124,0.00003367652,0.000001929976,0.07518765,0.000005229034,0.0014597559,0.85794765,0.01881145,0.035775814],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003391064,0.0000431545,0.006038283,0.000031992848,0.000044620003,5.084189e-7,0.02572061,0.0003827004,0.0004590583,0.0077740527,0.95899814,0.00016775621],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001380367,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000093153314,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9401867,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000045395387,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00016385432,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.37357718},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3210868138","doi":"10.5430/jnep.v12n3p31","title":"Academic integrity in first-year nursing students: An intergrative review","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Nursing Education and Practice","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Cheating; Misconduct; Inclusion (mineral); Psychology; Nursing; Intervention (counseling); Registered nurse; Nursing literature; Nurse education; Medical education; Medicine; Alternative medicine; Social psychology; Political science","score_opus":0.11493351469385991,"score_gpt":0.5222523149496908,"score_spread":0.4073188002558309,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3210868138","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.10504715,0.0955115,0.0013134192,0.6886708,0.006593423,0.0003589597,0.0000027087235,0.000021414498,0.102480635],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7347615,0.23566689,0.01413667,0.011786984,0.0020610879,0.000004394511,0.000007441025,0.000016829918,0.0015582105],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9971004,0.0017883283,0.00041402294,0.00012265121,0.00043089595,0.00014371185],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99755275,0.0010187161,0.00048236747,0.00007251394,0.0007224829,0.00015115304],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0051115793,0.000076088145,0.00019252746,0.00010287904,0.00032170844,0.000079819605,0.00020604278,0.00027935547,0.00010690524],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0118961,0.000072128685,0.000039480725,0.00035393983,0.00015007539,0.0017545224,0.000011025941,0.0029948505,0.000004176678],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002830704,0.003894749,0.005483015,0.00014085262,0.000049629183,0.000023973918,0.509982,0.0000015167074,0.00009476695,0.04489653,0.11287115,0.32227874],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003642709,0.00013403484,0.006277459,0.03130458,0.0002222503,0.0010790264,0.51972467,0.0000066290017,0.00004974333,0.018529681,0.42210364,0.00020401856],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00013677262,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008121067,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6768838,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00045489176,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0013901115,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9993053},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3211031986","doi":"10.11575/cpai.v3i1.69768","title":"Methodological Decisions in Undertaking Academic Integrity Policy Analysis: Considerations for Future Research","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Calgary","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; University of Manitoba; University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Documentation; Research integrity; Engineering ethics; Process (computing); Narrative; Research design; Knowledge management; Data collection; Management science; Public relations; Process management; Political science; Computer science; Sociology; Business; Engineering; Social science","score_opus":0.4241149275057468,"score_gpt":0.4659338483061966,"score_spread":0.0418189208004498,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3211031986","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.16605256,0.0007124016,0.3412831,0.42639792,0.00019589778,0.0012237296,0.00009136474,0.0001337995,0.06390921],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.962329,0.00092852314,0.03506568,0.0010624196,0.00030543984,5.585688e-7,0.000010949896,0.0000031105326,0.0002943464],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99732643,0.0016302934,0.00016461824,0.00023197479,0.0003682293,0.00027846807],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9922001,0.007202068,0.000067984656,0.00008508613,0.00027189174,0.00017287336],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0040990873,0.00006259437,0.00026209073,0.0003944477,0.0006674526,0.000011758241,0.00035490157,0.000865884,0.00023411459],"category_scores_gemma":[0.013672704,0.00006664245,0.00015743411,0.0015298103,0.00049034576,0.00015380085,0.00010239854,0.0027677037,0.0000069820753],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013094865,0.000025714973,0.0054060337,0.0000067156457,0.00009267695,0.00001414497,0.05997607,0.00005492178,0.00013589414,0.92352194,0.0055575697,0.005077354],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010603879,0.00014550163,0.025622902,0.00007081808,0.00028984432,0.0000014925054,0.28510034,0.00728362,0.000117944175,0.4334767,0.24647124,0.00035921633],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.011435003,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.010491346,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7962764,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014928383,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000806536,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99953294},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3214512687","doi":"10.1111/medu.14697","title":"<i>I</i> , <i>we</i> and <i>they</i> : A linguistic and narrative exploration of the authorship process","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Medical Education","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Narrative; Agency (philosophy); Context (archaeology); Negotiation; Verb; Psychology; Dialectic; Narrative inquiry; Linguistics; Sociology; Social psychology; Epistemology; Social science","score_opus":0.024050502926030164,"score_gpt":0.35057455352432815,"score_spread":0.326524050598298,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3214512687","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.64739585,0.0036884814,0.00071466033,0.31299382,0.0021443756,0.00039420277,0.0000046256423,0.00003840596,0.03262555],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9947295,0.00067687174,0.00009607199,0.0030878708,0.0003619902,0.000016680622,0.000004066977,0.000003127972,0.0010237998],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99882513,0.00038180847,0.00014541154,0.00012967459,0.000418193,0.00009975665],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99930465,0.00023560034,0.00007793141,0.0000645509,0.00022390306,0.00009333697],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011033702,0.00005003184,0.00008378815,0.000014363229,0.00033004646,0.000024144703,0.00009711891,0.0002786235,0.00007114154],"category_scores_gemma":[0.011807673,0.00003723594,0.00001528012,0.00017802791,0.00031577598,0.00013305171,0.000023625953,0.00047516453,0.0000011045378],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008132853,0.00009972076,0.0020434507,0.00008454191,0.0000066234165,6.4760263e-7,0.8754977,3.552019e-7,0.000058591944,0.09187971,0.004301467,0.026019052],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00029365037,0.00003462338,0.00086351245,0.0007750594,0.00005608286,0.000015243607,0.3023071,0.00018110033,0.0015411051,0.45613027,0.23759152,0.00021072559],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00038804638,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000989435,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5731906,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000018667648,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002138306,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9965163},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3216879224","doi":"10.1007/s40979-021-00090-w","title":"Student and faculty perceptions of, and experiences with, academic dishonesty at a medium-sized Canadian university","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Educational Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Lethbridge","funders":"University of Lethbridge","keywords":"Academic dishonesty; Cheating; Academic integrity; Honesty; Psychology; Perception; Witness; Dishonesty; Medical education; Educational attainment; Social psychology; Medicine; Political science","score_opus":0.036953735480758636,"score_gpt":0.39202712620430036,"score_spread":0.3550733907235417,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3216879224","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9277032,0.00018025708,0.00013541276,0.06913302,0.00095883285,0.000107178144,0.00019742653,0.00000564277,0.0015790161],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9928972,0.0006022551,0.0011660405,0.00037205347,0.0005309487,0.000007537564,0.00007291905,0.000004526886,0.0043464894],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987219,0.0001440295,0.00021469197,0.00019198614,0.0005349174,0.00019249565],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99770606,0.0004613783,0.00014214216,0.000046384976,0.0013031983,0.0003408456],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00071871356,0.00009575462,0.00013680724,0.00013453854,0.00080222485,0.000076658536,0.00032885117,0.0002712056,0.0007662274],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000762938,0.000085866144,0.00005891704,0.000116860276,0.000528828,0.0004756685,0.000057959576,0.00091181847,0.000003092034],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003044993,0.00023013634,0.4410917,0.000020316134,0.00041839937,0.000038709186,0.31454214,0.000006489268,0.0004024083,0.21419597,0.02333444,0.005414801],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007657705,0.000049990063,0.29674134,0.00013903323,0.00006249685,0.0005230591,0.56712574,0.00003384893,0.00021847816,0.007090445,0.1269932,0.0002565882],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.020734955,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.121579766,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2525836,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006044417,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0038724774,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9857861},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4200260839","doi":"10.1097/ans.0000000000000407","title":"Redefining Cheating on Written Exams","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Advances in Nursing Science","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Cambrian College","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Value (mathematics); Critical thinking; Psychology; Pedagogy; Resource (disambiguation); Mathematics education; Medical education; Medicine; Computer science; Social psychology","score_opus":0.0191290552941968,"score_gpt":0.37579031552664716,"score_spread":0.35666126023245037,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4200260839","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.079586685,0.0017116842,0.0006003406,0.004272113,0.001508049,0.00006744683,0.0000010671341,0.000064773216,0.9121879],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9920118,0.0004235222,0.005985402,0.0007041228,0.0002146553,0.0000036019837,8.700607e-7,0.000004847713,0.0006511807],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9979297,0.00015400632,0.0001908927,0.0004181314,0.0007464823,0.0005607769],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99913216,0.00042882885,0.00006992011,0.00016455588,0.00010401422,0.00010050796],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0026513697,0.000084862,0.00012348087,0.00011991341,0.0010688362,0.00011769575,0.00046080627,0.0001507465,0.000057871657],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0029596125,0.000088241264,0.000025940626,0.0015572971,0.0015350258,0.001006594,0.000020919644,0.0007762914,0.000027632055],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000063202465,0.000042600528,0.0031701883,0.000003765823,4.410489e-7,0.00001616808,0.022224803,0.00035822665,0.001439259,0.6141026,0.000095251205,0.3585404],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008601878,0.00019704942,0.01244172,0.0066389046,0.000016469909,0.00004897315,0.1572536,0.0030893805,0.034816355,0.5908112,0.19247343,0.001352733],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00012333241,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00016928994,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9124251,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00036699578,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00047069162,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8220732},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4200425828","doi":"10.1016/j.ijcard.2021.12.021","title":"A survey of retractions in the cardiovascular literature","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"International Journal of Cardiology","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":37,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Health Sciences Centre; Sunnybrook Health Science Centre; University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Medicine; Interquartile range; Scientific misconduct; Misconduct; Internal medicine; Alternative medicine; Pathology; Law","score_opus":0.09250250443613138,"score_gpt":0.4167842958079029,"score_spread":0.3242817913717715,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4200425828","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000011992387,0.9891327,0.00029180603,0.00037809508,0.0030366955,0.000103021855,0.00011610472,0.0000016384432,0.0069279415],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0017239403,0.9958372,0.000039412804,0.000056425,0.0021964167,0.000003777276,0.00006608736,0.0000066848183,0.00007001602],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9915834,0.0064416556,0.0008091939,0.00012565864,0.00089480355,0.00014529684],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99520725,0.0023127764,0.0006472354,0.00016391595,0.0016345095,0.000034299548],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.011537089,0.00012942051,0.0014423481,0.00032527215,0.000049907856,0.000047059453,0.0012451739,0.001168715,0.000027228347],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0051385467,0.000084990126,0.0015605264,0.00048151021,0.00018483847,0.00012118431,0.000044440134,0.0032132366,0.0000033760107],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000019338657,0.000035782705,0.00057270087,0.0003390106,0.0064968825,0.0016258089,0.005223606,0.000098506665,9.375529e-8,0.010180745,0.018211352,0.9571962],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000073318384,0.000013058065,0.00034854183,0.0026740818,0.0002767363,0.0010012776,0.00038010644,2.0102449e-7,3.8381543e-8,0.00019181731,0.9949723,0.00006851569],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00066724786,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00018901643,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.976761,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001706649,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0011732561,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9990864},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity","bibliometrics"],"domain":"evaluation","study_design":"observational","genre":"review","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"evaluation","study_design":"observational","genre":"review","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W4200462098","doi":"10.17985/ijare.951714","title":"Justifying academic dishonesty: A survey of Canadian university students","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Academic Research in Education","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"","keywords":"Academic dishonesty; Misconduct; Scholarship; Psychology; Academic integrity; Cheating; Dishonesty; Psychological intervention; Sample (material); Higher education; Medical education; Learning development; Social psychology; Political science; Medicine; Law","score_opus":0.18888963930104052,"score_gpt":0.5053053569034738,"score_spread":0.31641571760243326,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4200462098","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9675427,0.001134275,0.000024649826,0.022746474,0.0021841654,0.00010531753,0.000027195267,0.000002801216,0.006232435],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98030764,0.017459242,0.00014156179,0.0001455167,0.0006438446,7.3915965e-7,0.000019109855,0.000005788592,0.001276586],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9949122,0.001966598,0.00053094333,0.0001537666,0.0020922367,0.00034426374],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9940794,0.0012091163,0.00030026544,0.0000809525,0.0040170606,0.0003131912],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01451833,0.00006721201,0.00016562582,0.002151125,0.00016333861,0.00004100588,0.001619728,0.00064716634,0.00014179721],"category_scores_gemma":[0.008162844,0.00007568616,0.0000525525,0.0018941938,0.00027105096,0.000666044,0.00011049153,0.004799307,0.000013468164],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000120418576,0.00013115072,0.91888016,0.000014831307,0.00006762113,0.00008242165,0.018682623,0.000037755824,0.00058800145,0.013442116,0.017987274,0.029965632],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00053142017,0.000028794577,0.72502214,0.0008799264,0.0000132174155,0.000062884246,0.063258186,0.000021365973,0.0006563759,0.008207768,0.20116605,0.00015186126],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.34077275,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.15873162,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.19385801,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0016477199,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.015253648,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99749666},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4205491549","doi":"10.7202/1084129ar","title":"A Study on the Propensity to cheat in University Exams: Development and Validation Process of the Questionnaire on Cheating in University Exams (QCUE)","year":2019,"lang":"fr","type":"article","venue":"Mesure et évaluation en éducation","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université TÉLUQ; Université du Québec en Outaouais; Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Psychology; Context (archaeology); Scope (computer science); Medical education; Social psychology; Applied psychology; Computer science; Medicine","score_opus":0.07531178128132253,"score_gpt":0.33086308799309305,"score_spread":0.2555513067117705,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4205491549","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9755329,0.000016360998,0.000081580976,0.018873127,0.00042080643,0.0019534163,0.0000027042813,0.000010165991,0.0031089468],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99765253,0.00001787124,0.000036412526,0.00015747758,0.000033573386,0.0000043522136,0.0000072245452,0.000005320054,0.0020852122],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9917401,0.006914033,0.0002450117,0.00032535556,0.0006110235,0.00016445626],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99881697,0.0005671673,0.00021080856,0.00017421966,0.00019513849,0.000035703823],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01668985,0.00013166796,0.0001675466,0.00014455228,0.0002995825,0.00002290232,0.00025414603,0.00027658753,0.000040504205],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0011672786,0.0001076355,0.000023107283,0.0009745187,0.00008094282,0.0003499515,0.000054802713,0.00070001476,0.00002696894],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000065417255,0.00033273932,0.31139416,0.00003960415,0.000011127324,5.818564e-7,0.67276174,0.001780833,0.00006075968,0.0064986576,0.000053678817,0.0070007076],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003638784,0.00008823756,0.8771382,0.00058048207,0.00002017589,3.7438187e-7,0.11977827,0.00030870165,0.0008369878,0.0002844781,0.00048555713,0.000114677445],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004505367,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.010265671,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.56574404,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0012463122,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0011110201,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.68107975},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4210372938","doi":"10.1139/facets-2021-0047","title":"What’s integrity got to do with it? Second-year experiences of the Path2Integrity e-learning programme","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"FACETS","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"European Commission","keywords":"Trainer; Medical education; Training (meteorology); Research integrity; Personal Integrity; Pedagogy; Political science; Dissemination; Psychology; Public relations; Engineering; Medicine; Computer science; Social psychology; Geography","score_opus":0.028507312697394368,"score_gpt":0.29538843132737375,"score_spread":0.2668811186299794,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4210372938","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9703647,0.00012949691,0.000074790776,0.0080642365,0.0013313784,0.0005810574,0.000015444748,0.000060813552,0.01937808],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99217784,0.000023053011,0.00030167785,0.0008181575,0.000107168606,0.00016708548,0.0000037858495,0.000009377746,0.0063918238],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.99713236,0.0009155447,0.0002367841,0.00030919572,0.0009412453,0.00046487432],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991358,0.00019582649,0.0001610914,0.0002183537,0.00014333773,0.00014558679],"candidate_categories":["sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0026573953,0.00013719132,0.00021004108,0.00005227354,0.0013156848,0.00015344273,0.0009179399,0.0002226106,0.0037737316],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006948985,0.00009390361,0.00009231789,0.0006215851,0.00039309857,0.00035300126,0.00030791416,0.0029966258,0.000027275204],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007477994,0.0000986069,0.0128264865,0.000013364537,0.000024020006,0.0000035154687,0.9538975,0.0000575649,0.00008349067,0.014625851,0.011693292,0.0066015385],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00010372036,0.00014150901,0.00078696234,0.000041892956,0.000005479588,0.0000027433564,0.65983707,0.000012088556,0.0004273007,0.00045547215,0.33806536,0.00012039235],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0020218731,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0023791974,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.32637206,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016094957,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00041084542,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99998444},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4212804987","doi":"10.2196/33459","title":"Teaching Students About Plagiarism Using a Serious Game (Plagi-Warfare): Design and Evaluation Study","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"JMIR Serious Games","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Johannesburg","keywords":"Mathematics education; Game mechanics; Game design; Game Developer; Computer science; Multimedia; Psychology","score_opus":0.043993749361939165,"score_gpt":0.3860888950550104,"score_spread":0.3420951456930712,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4212804987","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99216443,0.00073776575,0.0005927128,0.00084383565,0.0008141751,0.0033971262,0.000014995557,0.00019096307,0.0012439655],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99658996,0.000054924887,0.0007366045,0.0006353876,0.00030562334,0.00046589857,0.000009872722,0.00003829333,0.0011634406],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.99136275,0.004579755,0.00045843903,0.00062044186,0.0023286005,0.0006500266],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987284,0.00035803067,0.00028863503,0.0002863852,0.00014157065,0.00019700872],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.010826326,0.00028659374,0.00037950499,0.00022611345,0.0027993456,0.00034828723,0.00073976215,0.00041496343,0.00038026582],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00036484297,0.0003092945,0.00006582204,0.00034903426,0.00018886499,0.0004580495,0.00044670433,0.0027669808,0.000015169362],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00044446072,0.0017665917,0.059536908,0.00004646188,0.00038705175,0.00017347228,0.7509321,0.0056669055,0.0013410476,0.001287879,0.006694481,0.17172264],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0085509885,0.003107272,0.20145613,0.00018071657,0.0009868116,0.00025044705,0.46209267,0.04632095,0.00009665299,0.010032417,0.26385736,0.0030676003],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009993817,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006223717,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.28883943,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00065456727,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00046318324,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999359},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4214582452","doi":"10.1007/s11192-022-04305-w","title":"Retracted articles in oncology in the last three decades: frequency, reasons, and themes","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scientometrics","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":true,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal; Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Clinical Oncology; Oncology; China; Bibliometrics; Editorial board; Radiation oncology; Medicine; Library science; Cancer; Internal medicine; Political science; Computer science","score_opus":0.06008256517620937,"score_gpt":0.3581804415893788,"score_spread":0.2980978764131694,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4214582452","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9491235,0.001157824,0.000026219524,0.0072438074,0.0003739551,0.00023474361,0.0000132957675,0.000021568349,0.04180507],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998539,0.00027085727,0.00027602937,0.0006657301,0.000065985565,0.000024806011,0.0000027016174,0.0000035048513,0.00015140056],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9972347,0.0008084304,0.00022922484,0.00023783327,0.0010743808,0.00041541367],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979409,0.0017110539,0.00008737382,0.00013030635,0.0000583359,0.000072023766],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.013093946,0.00006926893,0.00012292733,0.0014885548,0.0006180672,0.000072149276,0.00067324407,0.00025857493,0.00023968336],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00599664,0.000054775224,0.00002472988,0.015163713,0.00038859234,0.00019721987,0.0001350698,0.0018018836,0.000008368239],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013702011,0.00019819522,0.7622908,0.000004406311,0.000003904941,0.000033462275,0.10526664,0.000011421104,0.00012227242,0.09981692,0.0047062966,0.027531998],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00051736407,0.00016823328,0.5869892,0.0000142407325,0.000009169418,0.00001466096,0.1369798,0.00030851545,0.000029208864,0.059009414,0.21573196,0.0002281808],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0051332903,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.020980092,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.21102567,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00035476265,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00031102673,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99688447},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4214655908","doi":"10.7828/ajobg.v2i1.223","title":"Editorial Board","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"paratext","venue":"Asian Journal of Business and Governance","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Editorial board; Computer science; Library science","score_opus":0.011824834536577702,"score_gpt":0.26767551765033737,"score_spread":0.2558506831137597,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4214655908","genre_codex":"editorial","genre_gemma":"editorial","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"editorial","genre_consensus":"editorial","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00032073556,0.024769394,0.00075773225,0.016161371,0.5616913,0.00012779662,0.00013054762,0.000006534632,0.39603463],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.026778731,0.049773417,0.0003165358,0.00033463215,0.8018168,0.0000018451108,0.000007532948,0.000033717683,0.120936766],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9980252,0.00015578853,0.0004293085,0.00012981343,0.0009030174,0.0003568917],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9976621,0.00009300758,0.001241105,0.000092863556,0.00070268544,0.0002081891],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012195628,0.00019227139,0.00048783986,0.000046002835,0.0002805937,0.00011413187,0.0004324425,0.0013733546,0.0013341161],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00055286783,0.0001612576,0.00011217248,0.00021648723,0.00028267226,0.0005918441,0.000041761105,0.0021702752,0.00029653407],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000047015077,0.000017928713,0.00006972217,0.000041151878,0.000034049204,0.00000618362,0.0023282613,0.0000012923672,0.0000036550848,0.0021974607,0.9826685,0.01258476],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00023733772,0.000019628958,0.0013342273,0.0004492005,0.00005103012,0.000017655932,0.00049251306,1.5024607e-7,0.0000033512874,0.00032637134,0.99687755,0.0001910099],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014419049,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00016190048,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.27509785,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010978664,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00082558783,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99992305},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4214805546","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-83255-1_28","title":"Student Academic Misconduct Through a Canadian Legal Lens","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Ethics and integrity in educational contexts","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"University of Guelph","keywords":"Misconduct; Legislature; Context (archaeology); Political science; Order (exchange); Law; Psychology; Business; History","score_opus":0.12540826252532292,"score_gpt":0.4086262463286394,"score_spread":0.28321798380331653,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4214805546","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0011381747,0.0052463776,0.0000016002538,0.19575262,0.0021253692,0.00041831276,0.0003059054,0.00001720521,0.7949944],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.22226314,0.020047087,0.000111605,0.019481925,0.0020814445,0.00007571454,0.00034243328,0.000048785314,0.73554784],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99667823,0.0005639351,0.00056589703,0.00057927874,0.0010886259,0.00052402],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99655807,0.0023275083,0.00022410238,0.00020578982,0.00039085353,0.00029368774],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0047978433,0.00033842443,0.0004226601,0.00028868197,0.001551349,0.00012058361,0.00071592676,0.0037984143,0.010120111],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0024511563,0.00037157233,0.00013002136,0.000089128895,0.0008824067,0.0005027909,0.000120118704,0.036785312,0.00010277267],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000070197234,0.000019304412,0.00034349505,0.000018556166,0.000035398203,0.000008162663,0.06526884,5.725882e-7,0.0000010845052,0.8999595,0.03382758,0.0005104648],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000942152,0.00002320992,0.000450353,0.00017693435,0.000019753985,0.000008409506,0.0056401026,7.7496804e-7,6.118665e-7,0.2522946,0.74098927,0.0003017419],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.5977447,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.76408774,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7071617,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0015071018,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.011309605,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99987364},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4214813554","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-83255-1_19","title":"Helping Students Resolve the Ambiguous Expectations of Academic Integrity","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Ethics and integrity in educational contexts","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"University of Guelph","keywords":"Syllabus; Academic integrity; Misconduct; Perspective (graphical); Point (geometry); Psychology; Space (punctuation); Mathematics education; Pedagogy; Medical education; Political science; Computer science; Social psychology; Medicine","score_opus":0.1031132474461447,"score_gpt":0.41897430282710096,"score_spread":0.31586105538095627,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4214813554","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.012499286,0.018895848,0.00006515371,0.23298001,0.003880034,0.0015838722,0.0005439866,0.000054534794,0.72949725],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.756358,0.0204375,0.00023943168,0.0039398074,0.0014489775,0.00016651269,0.00024097293,0.000054620275,0.21711418],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99565595,0.001032411,0.00082891586,0.0004824405,0.0016675977,0.00033267043],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99276274,0.0056317043,0.00052828185,0.0002822494,0.0006626136,0.00013238427],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.008767347,0.00029620755,0.00045361905,0.00027539727,0.0014277434,0.000080940576,0.0011848303,0.002614142,0.0019895083],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0071597397,0.0002627911,0.00016964601,0.00014678172,0.0014477425,0.00023358293,0.00029404604,0.038479768,0.000027158276],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000023407174,0.000050826926,0.0011117597,0.000035915484,0.000049065384,0.0000011852012,0.105141886,9.0157016e-7,0.000004201466,0.8876549,0.004159252,0.0017666795],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00019865604,0.00005445001,0.0039055087,0.00065892335,0.000053913205,0.000006493949,0.04132149,0.000008487591,0.000005463445,0.5416018,0.41181827,0.0003665737],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.015933782,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.010359695,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7438587,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00051394396,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0034005938,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999824},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4214821696","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-83255-1_10","title":"Pay-To-Pass: Evolving Online Systems That Undermine the Integrity of Student Work","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Ethics and integrity in educational contexts","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"University of Guelph","keywords":"Cheating; Academic integrity; Context (archaeology); Work (physics); Reflection (computer programming); Public relations; Internet privacy; Psychology; Engineering ethics; Pedagogy; Medical education; Business; Political science; Sociology; Computer science; Engineering; Social psychology; Medicine","score_opus":0.13299595966255953,"score_gpt":0.4017826551306363,"score_spread":0.26878669546807676,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4214821696","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.009784931,0.018959861,0.00011810991,0.40913478,0.009951978,0.002842019,0.0011091998,0.00006757591,0.54803157],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.74749714,0.005797212,0.00018044013,0.0036115453,0.0019590529,0.00010169193,0.00024199925,0.000046089073,0.24056484],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99551827,0.0010840796,0.0007916954,0.0005340172,0.0016971034,0.0003748285],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9896693,0.008423983,0.000493617,0.0003620313,0.00085604034,0.00019501155],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.009576686,0.0003642028,0.0006188948,0.00027033014,0.0009822341,0.00015358679,0.0010551008,0.0020135443,0.0019528779],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003896154,0.00026743265,0.00016886533,0.00019748318,0.0008879306,0.0001835862,0.00033679503,0.023097405,0.000020406686],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000027664168,0.00013896557,0.004073186,0.00007891301,0.00007947812,0.0000022392446,0.055799507,0.000008934047,9.172505e-7,0.92418396,0.01407765,0.0015285726],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00018429692,0.00008260309,0.015867498,0.00158903,0.000065071945,0.000006061214,0.03696118,0.00001616171,8.822659e-7,0.12637761,0.8183737,0.000475911],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01590589,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.018315729,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.804296,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007730787,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0031462582,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99997777},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4214822777","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-83255-1_27","title":"Using Quality Assurance Frameworks to Support an Institutional Culture of Academic Integrity at Canadian Universities","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Ethics and integrity in educational contexts","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"The Scarborough Hospital; University of Waterloo; University of Toronto","funders":"University of Guelph","keywords":"Quality assurance; Academic integrity; Higher education; Curriculum; Quality (philosophy); Political science; Medical education; Public relations; Engineering ethics; Business; Medicine; Engineering; Marketing","score_opus":0.13813485640133136,"score_gpt":0.4290081473616715,"score_spread":0.2908732909603401,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4214822777","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.06395245,0.0022917856,0.00019204157,0.06982037,0.0035949457,0.0010279624,0.0043723765,0.000039709656,0.8547084],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.84815145,0.0022828553,0.0014981439,0.0073879464,0.0009346109,0.000017263825,0.00083171524,0.000029449577,0.13886657],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9965533,0.0007827227,0.00064217724,0.00054016965,0.0010788649,0.00040273883],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9962647,0.0017148554,0.00033545593,0.00022154572,0.0009325177,0.0005309151],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0064717974,0.00031232706,0.0005011169,0.0004202764,0.0016474958,0.000049138154,0.0007000684,0.0061783767,0.0048764716],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0029726196,0.00035128396,0.00012423814,0.00015728739,0.001258163,0.0004867111,0.00017054657,0.0349011,0.00001716835],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000041467254,0.000023659033,0.0018683953,0.000053803862,0.00002824111,0.0000041091707,0.08262941,0.00002102502,0.0000067605774,0.9111208,0.0038176712,0.00038467118],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00014520352,0.00007682254,0.0033495366,0.00057723967,0.000031927153,0.000014105418,0.021006977,0.000019094612,0.0000040230975,0.210802,0.7634302,0.00054288126],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.46907502,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.6785025,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.784199,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0036262083,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.024318065,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998939},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4214827142","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-83255-1_25","title":"Changing “Hearts” and Minds: Pedagogical and Institutional Practices to Foster Academic Integrity","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Ethics and integrity in educational contexts","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"University of Guelph","keywords":"Academic integrity; Misconduct; Conversation; Institution; Psychology; Best practice; Pedagogy; Medical education; Mathematics education; Sociology; Political science; Social psychology; Medicine","score_opus":0.2565904588668992,"score_gpt":0.45956043791431633,"score_spread":0.20296997904741715,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4214827142","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.042081095,0.011819236,0.00006817624,0.5341891,0.0021631287,0.0013245511,0.00036396508,0.000047937003,0.40794277],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.61131036,0.025292192,0.0014907052,0.036576502,0.004028776,0.00024370942,0.00033527517,0.00006944514,0.32065302],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9968329,0.0005702239,0.000522492,0.0007194402,0.00093448797,0.00042044566],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99389076,0.0048811696,0.0003717481,0.0001379283,0.00036480758,0.00035357647],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.008244611,0.00034418487,0.00043502636,0.0004741899,0.0016185297,0.00017834251,0.00031613884,0.0028521188,0.0017313639],"category_scores_gemma":[0.010166191,0.00034600508,0.00006544234,0.000118121,0.0011686354,0.0005415579,0.00040707577,0.026641296,0.000024530254],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000050857772,0.000029577172,0.0009826077,0.00006110248,0.000024902241,0.000004875725,0.092895344,2.8154872e-7,0.0000049978994,0.8958514,0.0032671695,0.006826939],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00016149308,0.00006619682,0.0015337598,0.00045610682,0.000029687504,0.000044909277,0.0131775765,0.000013393509,0.000001535523,0.17248249,0.8116518,0.00038103174],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0025389958,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005510685,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.80838466,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00033270346,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002580413,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998992},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4214830794","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-83255-1_29","title":"Building a Culture of Restorative Practice and Restorative Responses to Academic Misconduct","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Ethics and integrity in educational contexts","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"MacEwan University","funders":"University of Guelph","keywords":"Misconduct; Restorative justice; Political science; Public relations; Mandate; Action (physics); Pedagogy; Engineering ethics; Sociology; Psychology; Law; Engineering","score_opus":0.12023898933083796,"score_gpt":0.44876675849745173,"score_spread":0.32852776916661375,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4214830794","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.010467075,0.02132848,0.00005178162,0.3219702,0.0015984261,0.0014384766,0.00072488195,0.000030329413,0.6423904],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.3292372,0.033114765,0.009829911,0.016193392,0.0020631813,0.00018919684,0.00015330632,0.000084016836,0.60913503],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99620867,0.0016052016,0.0005504703,0.0005099965,0.0008870234,0.00023866446],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9877346,0.01039162,0.00048126615,0.00015350211,0.0010434295,0.00019555807],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.008602431,0.00027229718,0.00043523373,0.00032366172,0.00078210345,0.0000578039,0.00035861268,0.0023922017,0.0004510263],"category_scores_gemma":[0.037618466,0.0002731496,0.000060644474,0.00014448682,0.0010021137,0.0004984505,0.00017840034,0.019791726,0.0000066535413],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001865377,0.000019907771,0.0000630381,0.000030575564,0.000032357682,0.00000269829,0.21650827,5.1190676e-7,0.000056362005,0.77154994,0.010922905,0.0006268782],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00010307852,0.000120552744,0.00023229612,0.00051171513,0.00002976499,0.0000092608725,0.029083028,9.802266e-7,0.000010824702,0.25481948,0.7148378,0.00024120882],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00621625,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0025187023,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7039149,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00044858354,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0037273015,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99997205},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4214834164","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-83255-1_31","title":"Conclusions and Future Directions for Academic Integrity in Canada","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Ethics and integrity in educational contexts","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Yorkville University; University of Calgary","funders":"University of Guelph","keywords":"Work (physics); Academic integrity; Engineering ethics; Key (lock); Research integrity; Political science; Sociology; Computer science; Engineering; Computer security; Mechanical engineering","score_opus":0.06226257731444186,"score_gpt":0.3676928290104588,"score_spread":0.30543025169601695,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4214834164","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0058835847,0.024662375,0.000013062404,0.5864201,0.006479538,0.0016794112,0.0019849658,0.000031322325,0.37284562],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.37225643,0.22566438,0.00077498844,0.023773896,0.008409691,0.0007930211,0.0013512003,0.00013476488,0.3668416],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99744815,0.00044541698,0.0005768756,0.0005252743,0.0006369961,0.00036728536],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9925691,0.0064715254,0.0002244682,0.00013910526,0.0003819738,0.00021386435],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0044340296,0.00029383757,0.00046312224,0.00025784536,0.0013399216,0.000046820747,0.00036255215,0.0026100357,0.0016186106],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0033948761,0.0003136465,0.00007618862,0.00011513525,0.0005171424,0.00020059728,0.00015569803,0.030879216,0.0000023872556],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000237979,0.000018611372,0.0013190099,0.00004534959,0.00001838379,0.000002040307,0.022831675,3.1989654e-7,7.3375713e-7,0.9558325,0.012731209,0.0071764174],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00015695214,0.000017857721,0.0018591905,0.00018007282,0.000015304198,0.0000062431477,0.009841502,0.000014669989,3.11833e-7,0.25282943,0.73482525,0.0002531888],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.8878329,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9874882,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.72209406,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001965544,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.018739952,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999602},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4214837025","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-83255-1_6","title":"Accountability, Relationality and Indigenous Epistemology: Advancing an Indigenous Perspective on Academic Integrity","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Ethics and integrity in educational contexts","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"University of Guelph","keywords":"Indigenous; Accountability; Scholarship; Construct (python library); Sociology; Epistemology; Traditional knowledge; Environmental ethics; Engineering ethics; Political science; Law; Engineering; Ecology","score_opus":0.07291364800665245,"score_gpt":0.41997733075976673,"score_spread":0.3470636827531143,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4214837025","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.24606887,0.011499003,0.00003571869,0.1195031,0.003211157,0.0028331287,0.0012509376,0.00013732722,0.61546075],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.92439324,0.010345341,0.0003357851,0.007142506,0.001615996,0.00013214604,0.00052473065,0.00007410581,0.055436183],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9943917,0.0017881868,0.0008309327,0.0011105064,0.0012890154,0.0005896697],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9898736,0.007949261,0.0005183895,0.00034216713,0.0009677512,0.00034885012],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.014742414,0.000503946,0.00067868613,0.0004460646,0.0025045164,0.000117107455,0.0006479145,0.0051536732,0.00169936],"category_scores_gemma":[0.007984861,0.0005451282,0.00012493967,0.0001358253,0.0019427435,0.00063458085,0.00022997538,0.049348135,0.000028228755],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007833964,0.00010326762,0.0055108783,0.00004514896,0.000037477235,0.0000037865889,0.21874775,0.0000018336017,0.0000014928754,0.77353877,0.0002675499,0.0016637238],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00022193011,0.00019862717,0.01387329,0.0002787301,0.00003760696,0.000027410593,0.029469183,0.0000061217943,0.0000012266802,0.8628281,0.09250448,0.00055331393],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.05271893,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.046777114,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.67832434,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0033130485,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0073224967,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4214838171","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0255334","title":"Do individual and institutional predictors of misconduct vary by country? Results of a matched-control analysis of problematic image duplications","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"PLoS ONE","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Incentive; Misconduct; Null hypothesis; Scientific misconduct; Demographic economics; Psychology; Actuarial science; Accounting; Political science; Business; Medicine; Economics; Econometrics; Pathology; Law","score_opus":0.03247367824630493,"score_gpt":0.26200760457624367,"score_spread":0.22953392632993874,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4214838171","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9875845,0.00027014612,0.00008859875,0.0014051935,0.000016151662,0.00037516034,0.00621846,0.000012506117,0.0040292963],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986386,0.00007029483,0.0008380903,0.000043498978,0.000022014525,0.000042818818,0.00022275536,0.0000028392221,0.000119107164],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99824095,0.00023028975,0.00045528714,0.00014792402,0.0008091271,0.00011643041],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99889606,0.00039416447,0.0003868217,0.00013133434,0.00014411964,0.00004748778],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0016635502,0.000061587874,0.00033248498,0.0001714085,0.0002238462,0.00000868755,0.00024760907,0.000119592405,0.00020280108],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006291972,0.00006167393,0.00005241951,0.00076762005,0.00047925158,0.00012245704,0.00005418441,0.00035612876,5.751523e-7],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00088840566,0.012543709,0.20400976,0.0016839692,0.027605714,0.000004854888,0.2724549,0.0014808814,0.31707066,0.14491358,0.016897704,0.0004458726],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.029554203,0.0034677256,0.466425,0.0027403275,0.105531655,0.000014443116,0.18225506,0.038550146,0.08227833,0.06846891,0.01678151,0.0039326795],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0020200992,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000099659395,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.26241523,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000038789538,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002453331,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3053799},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4214842249","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-83255-1_14","title":"Visual Plagiarism: Seeing the Forest and the Trees","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Ethics and integrity in educational contexts","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"University of Guelph","keywords":"Meaning (existential); Best practice; Subject (documents); Engineering ethics; Pedagogy; Academic integrity; Articulation (sociology); Psychology; Political science; Computer science; Library science; Engineering","score_opus":0.05084612122508893,"score_gpt":0.361860372587135,"score_spread":0.3110142513620461,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4214842249","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0024582644,0.011039493,0.000017821549,0.3856359,0.0013645559,0.00065977464,0.00007406289,0.000018384044,0.5987317],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.68191224,0.015818419,0.000039688897,0.010057378,0.0015915076,0.00009663578,0.00009000105,0.00003001003,0.29036415],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9972193,0.0009837063,0.0003913393,0.00034569498,0.00080168125,0.00025824356],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.98580426,0.013486921,0.00022492291,0.00015771265,0.0002383687,0.0000877947],"candidate_categories":["sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["sts","research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.011056648,0.00023914236,0.00031553183,0.000102925645,0.002478406,0.00020458478,0.00048182433,0.0017871428,0.0013087507],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0045467275,0.00015398412,0.00010145113,0.00006224046,0.0027812296,0.00016341281,0.00019876343,0.02110944,0.0000136065955],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004202367,0.000014398194,0.00037547847,0.000012658814,0.000032054242,0.0000010440924,0.06623314,0.0000014962279,1.7843713e-7,0.92484933,0.005854617,0.0025835978],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00018569162,0.0000152004395,0.00095899333,0.0000942166,0.000023912085,0.000006156017,0.007407678,0.000053934884,1.09009804e-7,0.44309768,0.5480173,0.00013911873],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.016733209,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.05583187,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.67945397,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017186272,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0016153333,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99993265},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4214843768","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-83255-1_26","title":"Promotion of Academic Integrity Through a Marketing Lens for Canadian Post-secondary Institutions","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Ethics and integrity in educational contexts","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"NorQuest College; Northern Alberta Institute of Technology","funders":"University of Guelph","keywords":"Misconduct; Academic integrity; Promotion (chess); Public relations; Political science; Psychology; Engineering ethics; Engineering; Social psychology","score_opus":0.14616944464781023,"score_gpt":0.39795638328894756,"score_spread":0.2517869386411373,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4214843768","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0027042958,0.005060432,0.00006886384,0.19820033,0.0023595977,0.0015549057,0.003200396,0.000026610634,0.7868246],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7631389,0.026173556,0.002291923,0.0105551565,0.0025216208,0.0004694145,0.0032541582,0.000100086676,0.19149518],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9970083,0.00067973026,0.0007568647,0.0005014951,0.00062881375,0.0004247844],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9931803,0.0048540356,0.00040931912,0.00018018961,0.0011840023,0.00019219985],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.010507451,0.0002941559,0.00045714373,0.0003947901,0.0016339361,0.000047592795,0.0005058571,0.0036736997,0.0033054606],"category_scores_gemma":[0.014559481,0.00032900722,0.00018031729,0.000114349896,0.0011188536,0.0005418552,0.00008772325,0.027465306,0.000009555491],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000042777512,0.00003684684,0.00023479649,0.00017889508,0.000036413232,8.7999257e-7,0.032039683,6.072678e-7,0.0000059103136,0.9589914,0.0053732274,0.003058565],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00015409978,0.000056264143,0.00096032984,0.0005593562,0.00003083174,0.000005703418,0.0034832784,0.00000610713,0.0000026011887,0.3046504,0.68982667,0.00026438705],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.31300452,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.6168802,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7604346,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0010954067,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.027787765,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999162},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4214845475","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-83255-1_5","title":"Re-Defining Academic Integrity: Embracing Indigenous Truths","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Ethics and integrity in educational contexts","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":42,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"University of Guelph","keywords":"Indigenous; Scholarship; Academic integrity; Environmental ethics; Inclusion (mineral); Sociology; Political science; Epistemology; Engineering ethics; Social science; Law","score_opus":0.08544769144227128,"score_gpt":0.3843177378485613,"score_spread":0.29887004640629006,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4214845475","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0022276961,0.011053764,0.00003073799,0.08212976,0.0030249832,0.0006832768,0.0003325049,0.00008613554,0.90043116],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5591714,0.025237352,0.00060596765,0.013056923,0.002856766,0.00016268837,0.0007462631,0.00014333583,0.3980193],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99493784,0.0010297386,0.0009908834,0.0008558776,0.0015167122,0.00066892424],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9897933,0.008492646,0.0005639534,0.00032320427,0.00052105513,0.0003058639],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.012593406,0.00051355193,0.00070867373,0.0005858793,0.0022836807,0.00017583474,0.00096282066,0.00624443,0.0065718256],"category_scores_gemma":[0.008567737,0.0005715048,0.00020417527,0.00017762603,0.0010251397,0.00044906055,0.00023286352,0.07498412,0.0001516633],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000028478527,0.000033798722,0.0006754741,0.00006167584,0.000042394815,0.0000069170424,0.13191393,0.0000016522907,0.0000026333423,0.85610163,0.0045870724,0.006544332],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00014602263,0.00004558083,0.0002835224,0.0005986584,0.00003261267,0.000007968024,0.013664172,0.000009033775,0.0000021545907,0.4882634,0.49646366,0.00048320467],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.015926437,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.014928171,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5569437,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0011550541,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.007836447,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997835},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4214846582","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-83255-1_17","title":"The Distinctive Nature of Academic Integrity in Graduate Legal Education","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Ethics and integrity in educational contexts","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"University of Guelph","keywords":"Tribunal; Misconduct; Legal education; Scholarship; Academic integrity; Law; Political science; Legal profession; Legal psychology; Diversity (politics); Legal practice; Psychology; Social psychology","score_opus":0.07079246807210665,"score_gpt":0.3973739032523009,"score_spread":0.3265814351801942,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4214846582","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.012279189,0.013787439,0.000007445013,0.2291198,0.0050977785,0.0010146657,0.00030496714,0.00002071576,0.73836803],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8054356,0.018329972,0.00006806672,0.002223286,0.0010461882,0.00011513121,0.00024003125,0.000030405408,0.17251131],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9960934,0.0010766948,0.0008180915,0.0005054737,0.0011572328,0.00034911552],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9902998,0.0079641435,0.0005330495,0.00023765385,0.00083852035,0.00012683948],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.010424154,0.00031571684,0.00043986522,0.0002962624,0.0009892086,0.000072027025,0.00079831574,0.0042289225,0.0005712604],"category_scores_gemma":[0.012036686,0.00027416975,0.00013570911,0.00018519287,0.0015334409,0.00032531764,0.00017440718,0.07134317,0.000010669879],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000058634305,0.0000674506,0.0010489892,0.00004269841,0.000021449488,8.2267803e-7,0.024520755,4.4672333e-7,0.0000015655789,0.95968217,0.0068927025,0.0076623047],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000088114495,0.000024548748,0.005324452,0.00039632252,0.000014060995,0.000003421921,0.00826479,0.0000059376002,0.0000023849689,0.52746814,0.45820206,0.0002057259],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.027297255,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.049977,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7931564,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008441104,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.010256316,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99997103},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4214850383","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-83255-1_8","title":"Contract Cheating in Canada: A Comprehensive Overview","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Ethics and integrity in educational contexts","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"University of Guelph","keywords":"Cheating; Commonwealth; Action (physics); Legislation; Political science; Certification; Law; Mill; Call to action; Criminology; Law and economics; Business; Sociology; Psychology; Social psychology; Engineering; Marketing","score_opus":0.11256557260371701,"score_gpt":0.3736821056026217,"score_spread":0.2611165329989047,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4214850383","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0063008713,0.025274744,0.0000018073662,0.1271073,0.002052402,0.0007337497,0.00035457095,0.00001363759,0.83816093],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8380386,0.025996804,0.00011887014,0.018051125,0.0010371672,0.00009683683,0.00034176512,0.000048019632,0.116270766],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9972503,0.0005943349,0.00056693837,0.00039551625,0.00086309353,0.00032978243],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9926918,0.0064218096,0.0002516042,0.00013084375,0.0003665554,0.00013735866],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0031256424,0.00025021104,0.0004807295,0.00016097771,0.0005468806,0.000049143193,0.00033572307,0.0012987675,0.0053986125],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0026245373,0.0002801587,0.000068798305,0.000081984195,0.00031034977,0.0001528342,0.00009323423,0.018902028,0.000010054962],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012941641,0.00002053518,0.0018001446,0.00006167129,0.000018156332,0.00001001569,0.0197057,0.0000025105282,7.039649e-7,0.97147375,0.0035976942,0.0032961909],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00018400459,0.000014321724,0.009549309,0.00064553315,0.000010464732,0.000005119484,0.0054310733,0.000023568638,3.2783586e-7,0.16422942,0.8195882,0.00031867984],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.98060447,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9956606,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.83173776,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0025354677,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.02179003,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99999774},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4214866823","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-83255-1_11","title":"Education as a Financial Transaction: Contract Employment and Contract Cheating","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Ethics and integrity in educational contexts","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Bow Valley College","funders":"University of Guelph","keywords":"Cheating; Misconduct; Earnings; Certification; Business; Political science; Finance; Law; Psychology; Social psychology","score_opus":0.04943231099942771,"score_gpt":0.36740672311410927,"score_spread":0.3179744121146816,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4214866823","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0110522825,0.010636042,0.00003467913,0.15155098,0.0035082288,0.0011596306,0.0001936255,0.00004340301,0.82182115],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7591259,0.011924593,0.00019178903,0.010154452,0.0020620977,0.00017066221,0.00023648683,0.00004081592,0.21609321],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9974331,0.00044658026,0.0005543051,0.00050890376,0.0007575857,0.00029947216],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9957746,0.0031544252,0.00029507806,0.00013333769,0.00043275984,0.00020978825],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0044236225,0.00030489734,0.00041623405,0.00020591536,0.0012957999,0.00014726938,0.00022144642,0.0021265936,0.0056873816],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0033849997,0.00033967485,0.00010197144,0.00006256216,0.00056368316,0.00033802877,0.000036803052,0.01308934,0.000021150225],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000049659237,0.00009888203,0.00032544913,0.00004054644,0.000023899309,0.0000019087256,0.03815825,3.7278258e-7,0.0000047457274,0.9269373,0.001808081,0.03255094],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00023602786,0.00007386081,0.0028258716,0.00039124268,0.00003786562,0.000020228283,0.0023337947,0.000008426105,0.0000027565698,0.2736037,0.72011906,0.00034714417],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.028903354,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.017089006,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7480736,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005650404,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.008455685,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999055},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4214870346","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-83255-1_20","title":"How to Talk About Academic Integrity so Students Will Listen:  Addressing Ethical Decision-Making Using Scenarios","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Ethics and integrity in educational contexts","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"University of Guelph","keywords":"Academic integrity; Misconduct; Situational ethics; Psychology; Engineering ethics; Curriculum; Best practice; Learning development; Institution; Medical education; Ethical decision; Higher education; Public relations; Pedagogy; Political science; Social psychology; Engineering; Medicine","score_opus":0.121834342075656,"score_gpt":0.4461875351949863,"score_spread":0.3243531931193303,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4214870346","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.07361317,0.022126064,0.0029361122,0.6794297,0.016943036,0.004797878,0.001330677,0.00027008925,0.19855323],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8835664,0.0057894005,0.004381089,0.027953424,0.0039767968,0.00009675203,0.00015803541,0.00013943015,0.07393872],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9922035,0.0013790884,0.0010800957,0.0012079821,0.003331135,0.0007982508],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.98589635,0.011391346,0.00061753596,0.00040251933,0.0011849925,0.0005072603],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0147915045,0.0006589655,0.0009055206,0.0006732526,0.0032479044,0.000986795,0.0016945512,0.009729359,0.0022009087],"category_scores_gemma":[0.029403562,0.00069397216,0.0002746226,0.00027605408,0.0014937936,0.00072742044,0.00087556575,0.089886986,0.000025739917],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012691268,0.00008865121,0.0011982683,0.000108733584,0.0000787314,0.000023421977,0.06855211,0.000016561458,0.000017204142,0.90696406,0.005821681,0.017003676],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00024632155,0.000060938175,0.00094259426,0.005393868,0.00006510815,0.000030996172,0.007999958,0.00009568083,0.0000015870545,0.3270429,0.6572725,0.00084755017],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0053665116,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.012010497,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.80995315,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0019094048,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0069716265,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995511},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4214871240","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-83255-1_3","title":"Student Integrity Violations in the Academy: More Than a Decade of Growing Complexity and Concern","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Ethics and integrity in educational contexts","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary; Yorkville University","funders":"University of Guelph","keywords":"Cheating; Academic integrity; Misconduct; Action (physics); Political science; Public relations; Call to action; Scientific misconduct; Psychology; Criminology; Law; Medicine; Business; Social psychology; Advertising","score_opus":0.1778949678718948,"score_gpt":0.4382057790307369,"score_spread":0.2603108111588421,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4214871240","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.15099004,0.010599436,0.000033009128,0.45301694,0.0011793636,0.0019250368,0.0007579027,0.00003303828,0.38146526],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98159975,0.0049006096,0.00014255321,0.0042595863,0.00038981048,0.00005931744,0.00011230032,0.000017600654,0.008518503],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99640924,0.0011180762,0.0006888557,0.00044534338,0.0010554052,0.0002830582],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99289405,0.0062438957,0.00033309724,0.00016052538,0.00026485312,0.00010360175],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.009313496,0.00027416545,0.0004747604,0.0002518551,0.0008374472,0.00008219517,0.0006857719,0.0019284136,0.0006780813],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002634831,0.00023957352,0.00010557584,0.0001419878,0.0019782225,0.00031682843,0.00020982731,0.02290344,0.0000030950453],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016870466,0.00006381579,0.009807105,0.000039752704,0.000024553894,0.0000012306007,0.1361563,8.078681e-7,0.0000021547758,0.85255724,0.0005935921,0.00073659257],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00027349155,0.00004511733,0.08816679,0.00054618064,0.00003878932,0.000008304108,0.046737153,0.000029144821,0.0000016413583,0.67289335,0.19093013,0.00032991945],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.018891508,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02373148,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8306097,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00034424482,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0015398712,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9993673},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4214875419","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-83255-1_23","title":"Beyond the Traditional: Academic Integrity in Canadian Librarianship","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Ethics and integrity in educational contexts","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"University of Guelph","keywords":"Academic integrity; Conversation; Scholarship; Information literacy; Political science; Sociology; Literacy; Public relations; Pedagogy; Library science; Computer science","score_opus":0.13639318446636928,"score_gpt":0.36131848075386874,"score_spread":0.22492529628749947,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4214875419","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0008052265,0.0034959903,0.0000014968641,0.36041898,0.0016702765,0.00047828144,0.00043016602,0.000015430329,0.6326842],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6304187,0.013155582,0.00010596946,0.035400417,0.0030757054,0.00021990208,0.001119035,0.00007453054,0.31643015],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99569905,0.001243653,0.0007283056,0.00059729547,0.0010874594,0.0006442627],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9904422,0.008360199,0.00024532198,0.00025316482,0.00026858688,0.00043050552],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.012715155,0.0003721574,0.00043241974,0.0005854744,0.0015214107,0.00015679507,0.001097936,0.004566081,0.009108923],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006280556,0.00034543997,0.00014228167,0.0002196141,0.0013764786,0.0004898188,0.00010367664,0.06566686,0.00006448536],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015124156,0.00002502753,0.0020066076,0.000021485856,0.000018704892,0.0000062478844,0.036758464,0.0000010383513,2.8971962e-7,0.92918384,0.030675694,0.0012874674],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000816773,0.000013156595,0.0041265567,0.00014529162,0.000009093313,0.000005872135,0.0024885156,0.000008095066,1.9580773e-7,0.5130894,0.47981527,0.00021683052],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.606152,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.8867028,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6296135,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0016568655,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.019283906,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99989974},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4214876806","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-83255-1_12","title":"Academic Integrity in Work-Integrated Learning (WIL) Settings","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Ethics and integrity in educational contexts","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Humber Polytechnic","funders":"University of Guelph","keywords":"Professionalization; Service-learning; Public relations; Experiential learning; Work (physics); Promotion (chess); Professional development; Political science; Service (business); Pedagogy; Medical education; Psychology; Engineering ethics; Business; Medicine; Engineering; Marketing","score_opus":0.06875605823475357,"score_gpt":0.3698491167901975,"score_spread":0.30109305855544394,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4214876806","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.009058365,0.009889088,0.00003633811,0.2167708,0.0035830454,0.00120691,0.00020407281,0.00013490001,0.7591165],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.31171992,0.025389183,0.0005508366,0.008113155,0.0018531771,0.00017901763,0.000917328,0.00012127704,0.6511561],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99385595,0.0019057496,0.0011467666,0.0009588936,0.0014119296,0.00072071335],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99045223,0.00785,0.0005487594,0.00023956323,0.0006300638,0.00027935533],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.016823536,0.0005721752,0.0007907966,0.00073654734,0.0012003647,0.00014845165,0.00090307323,0.0073667765,0.006570036],"category_scores_gemma":[0.015855117,0.0006178995,0.00019404906,0.00039596355,0.0011841975,0.00045050483,0.00027153833,0.122933514,0.00010582518],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007355538,0.000057918372,0.0061758435,0.000062732404,0.000031394207,0.000010430199,0.056478254,0.000006483539,0.0000023395178,0.91453195,0.014231827,0.008337265],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00023493753,0.000040515308,0.0015757249,0.0012395758,0.000019665084,0.000006522222,0.008378344,0.000018527633,0.0000011584593,0.2073457,0.78059083,0.0005484978],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.020458007,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01650596,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.76635903,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0015960322,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.005797644,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998386},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4214888682","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-83255-1_22","title":"Supporting Academic Integrity in the Writing Centre: Perspectives of Student Consultants","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Ethics and integrity in educational contexts","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"University of Guelph","keywords":"Academic integrity; Directive; Misconduct; Psychology; Medical education; Intermediary; Pedagogy; Public relations; Political science; Medicine; Social psychology; Business; Computer science","score_opus":0.09028271303738428,"score_gpt":0.4343924560442997,"score_spread":0.34410974300691544,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4214888682","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.09231303,0.015747191,0.000008810986,0.23705468,0.0014769017,0.0016090964,0.00050807017,0.00003121455,0.651251],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96276116,0.008779106,0.000075849704,0.0016541167,0.0005541299,0.000031903277,0.00008419656,0.00002081751,0.026038691],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9949035,0.0015690561,0.0010966853,0.00054655795,0.0014264381,0.00045778687],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9872876,0.010926804,0.0006591219,0.00020302164,0.00082307874,0.0001003979],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.018917605,0.0003056403,0.0005238508,0.00029305817,0.000728358,0.0000708514,0.00089760707,0.00227809,0.0021138014],"category_scores_gemma":[0.012599431,0.0002727782,0.00011921578,0.00021718955,0.0012693328,0.00023830809,0.00018784979,0.039949488,0.000009455478],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001593689,0.00007551022,0.009113047,0.000039761962,0.000020456511,0.0000037200275,0.3057032,4.2711355e-7,0.000002754599,0.6827968,0.0012246122,0.0010038095],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00033525817,0.000045471636,0.012850944,0.000986433,0.000036811787,0.00001005607,0.5257149,0.000010467552,0.000002768102,0.32994536,0.1296382,0.00042335238],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008089224,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.012101698,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8704482,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00060525216,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0037477042,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99997246},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4214891838","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-83255-1","title":"Academic Integrity in Canada","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"book","venue":"Ethics and integrity in educational contexts","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":81,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Guelph","keywords":"Academic integrity; Political science; Computer science; Library science","score_opus":0.07046766004351139,"score_gpt":0.3730977673708292,"score_spread":0.3026301073273178,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4214891838","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.009226362,0.009263117,0.000006118977,0.21495329,0.0051262467,0.00089354423,0.00057761004,0.000027406411,0.7599263],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.29097497,0.014101219,0.000114427,0.0148133105,0.0019642268,0.00019656644,0.0006913702,0.000055804576,0.6770881],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9944722,0.0018788837,0.00086791156,0.00066497637,0.0015055904,0.0006104335],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9905548,0.0082580205,0.00032700808,0.00022627569,0.00037383332,0.00026002698],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.010125036,0.00037228136,0.00059887365,0.00036473005,0.0007415189,0.000062721556,0.00093925174,0.0037708317,0.004479318],"category_scores_gemma":[0.010256789,0.0004151451,0.00008995248,0.00030499962,0.00061982183,0.00025017577,0.0002124173,0.08268486,0.00002376442],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":true,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000255648,0.000043129723,0.009097901,0.00007747599,0.000018130722,0.000011196269,0.03515561,0.0000025420898,5.8823764e-7,0.76423126,0.18870257,0.0026340224],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00015675348,0.000013810242,0.005338553,0.0004050227,0.000009638226,0.0000045944003,0.010565745,0.000016870363,5.944262e-7,0.2802334,0.7028822,0.0003728217],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.97891647,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9964723,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.51417965,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.008304462,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.10679135,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99983007},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4214892342","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-83255-1_13","title":"Canadian Open Digital Distance Education Universities and Academic Integrity","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Ethics and integrity in educational contexts","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Athabasca University","funders":"University of Guelph","keywords":"Academic integrity; Misconduct; Context (archaeology); Promotion (chess); Distance education; Academic community; Higher education; Public relations; Political science; Phenomenon; Discipline; Work (physics); Engineering ethics; Sociology; Pedagogy; Engineering; Social science; Geography","score_opus":0.06635372075701519,"score_gpt":0.3713343140080847,"score_spread":0.3049805932510695,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4214892342","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0016796945,0.0043578385,0.000008222964,0.1396729,0.0012473584,0.00054447143,0.00078071543,0.000014438262,0.85169435],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.3376702,0.008943394,0.00010367069,0.0044567743,0.0006188833,0.000038824015,0.00061975524,0.0000282575,0.64752024],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99788094,0.00031236882,0.00038418267,0.0005315056,0.00054829236,0.00034268826],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9968138,0.0019564743,0.0002155681,0.00017087007,0.00043765595,0.00040568155],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0032687706,0.00028585375,0.0003522615,0.00034593564,0.0015256008,0.00039968794,0.0008287684,0.0024561025,0.0025071295],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0016146478,0.00032790386,0.00005710351,0.0000948871,0.0009533002,0.0010230882,0.00028568995,0.023311114,0.000023740135],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016971915,0.000019741183,0.001361959,0.00003054738,0.000017862538,0.0000016219456,0.030233478,1.01746956e-7,1.3718191e-7,0.94931424,0.013349123,0.005654222],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000661582,0.000015195448,0.0007063049,0.00026189897,0.000011252505,0.000005003755,0.018047363,0.0000023657226,1.18920504e-7,0.36838543,0.61225694,0.00024193201],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.5109891,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.62211555,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5989078,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0023516796,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.029864952,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999173},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4214895577","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-83255-1_1","title":"Academic Integrity in Canada: Historical Perspectives and Current Trends","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Ethics and integrity in educational contexts","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Yorkville University; University of Calgary","funders":"University of Guelph","keywords":"Academic integrity; Scholarship; Cheating; Misconduct; Political science; Corporate governance; Honour; Action (physics); Public relations; Public administration; Engineering ethics; Law; Management; Psychology; Engineering; Social psychology","score_opus":0.08941566069451737,"score_gpt":0.37544233161127843,"score_spread":0.28602667091676104,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4214895577","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.008970713,0.10572675,0.000007814327,0.3678337,0.005401628,0.00055680575,0.00043123605,0.000031411782,0.5110399],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.69489056,0.07880885,0.00008317364,0.0019870226,0.0017377476,0.00009567137,0.00018347686,0.000048485897,0.22216502],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9965504,0.0006925011,0.0006424465,0.00067619,0.001036557,0.00040191007],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99557406,0.0034528761,0.00025758677,0.00015069943,0.000312955,0.0002518345],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0046107154,0.00034821944,0.0005505498,0.00045960266,0.00061145634,0.000043968674,0.00043776978,0.0020541435,0.0024165458],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0038466034,0.00037204844,0.00008045816,0.00015529236,0.0005704729,0.00022935274,0.0001688041,0.049540102,0.0000040500463],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":true,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002519907,0.000040896477,0.0041357446,0.000035973364,0.000014032986,0.000004098346,0.05312793,3.0266946e-7,2.945408e-7,0.90702313,0.018208968,0.017383425],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00016922345,0.00002400136,0.009710065,0.00030208615,0.000016050617,0.0000059305885,0.011007449,0.000012061492,1.4229899e-7,0.18367963,0.79469186,0.00038152855],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.92372566,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9738805,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7764829,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0102003375,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.016307587,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99987316},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4214917970","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-83255-1_21","title":"Revisioning Paraphrasing Instruction","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Ethics and integrity in educational contexts","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Mount Royal University","funders":"University of Guelph","keywords":"Rhetorical question; Discipline; Bespoke; Agency (philosophy); Academic writing; Professional writing; Pedagogy; Psychology; Intertextuality; Quality (philosophy); Mathematics education; Sociology; Linguistics; Political science; Epistemology","score_opus":0.08024849025524591,"score_gpt":0.38331016881500385,"score_spread":0.30306167855975796,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4214917970","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0016998481,0.0046164505,0.000020837559,0.06510338,0.0023169785,0.00030237046,0.00005449897,0.000027898643,0.9258577],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.30322522,0.035887323,0.0011208019,0.0068103583,0.0035084279,0.00006252666,0.00042414543,0.000071593786,0.6488896],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9976753,0.0004920785,0.00043598452,0.0003943111,0.00076794706,0.00023436929],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99644643,0.002737347,0.00025120057,0.0001374411,0.00031229848,0.00011527538],"candidate_categories":["sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0058407816,0.00020894919,0.00029251666,0.00026351007,0.0014779702,0.00010731796,0.00027114403,0.0020539714,0.0056134257],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0039679725,0.00023258336,0.00009378794,0.00008007565,0.0005731626,0.00027281305,0.0000879182,0.018256702,0.000031869844],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011636704,0.000013089032,0.00027400468,0.000029053019,0.000013607024,0.0000014510296,0.025826376,8.9107573e-7,9.526788e-7,0.95869774,0.0031957454,0.01193545],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007371997,0.0000131630995,0.0003110182,0.00034264394,0.000009737953,0.000005606357,0.0022958247,0.0000047006206,4.15023e-7,0.378104,0.6186651,0.00017404914],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005412301,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0038295945,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6154694,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00046024102,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00212784,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99982196},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4214927448","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-83255-1_16","title":"Teaching the Teachers: To What Extent Do Pre-service Teachers Cheat on Exams and Plagiarise in Their Written Work?","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Ethics and integrity in educational contexts","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval; Université du Québec en Outaouais","funders":"University of Guelph","keywords":"Cheating; Commit; Psychology; Misconduct; Mathematics education; Work (physics); Perception; Academic dishonesty; Pedagogy; Social psychology; Computer science; Political science; Engineering","score_opus":0.06470223042909874,"score_gpt":0.3542426071313258,"score_spread":0.2895403767022271,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4214927448","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.1311293,0.013215146,0.000009910006,0.5900232,0.0019477846,0.0018407975,0.00009423256,0.000046347093,0.26169324],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7904273,0.0134053575,0.00016692339,0.03952347,0.001706474,0.00033109833,0.00015275837,0.000091896785,0.15419467],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99587524,0.0014708799,0.0005635033,0.00073448365,0.00091341755,0.00044248177],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99277097,0.00629912,0.00020495888,0.00032899115,0.00016373584,0.00023223844],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.01325156,0.00042694272,0.0004527316,0.0002982898,0.0011843984,0.00047037395,0.0007504508,0.0022797335,0.0007502453],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0027408064,0.00034392404,0.00009367617,0.00014663946,0.00048446996,0.00048440194,0.00026941198,0.030323468,0.000022742728],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006132214,0.00008257823,0.00069832563,0.000023403234,0.000029498226,0.0000019418906,0.48498157,0.000007040436,0.000001601465,0.4415125,0.0029473596,0.06965286],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00023420111,0.00007423472,0.0050905235,0.001701805,0.00002140735,0.0000043965906,0.10241327,0.000010713439,9.2644433e-7,0.12930308,0.760668,0.00047745235],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02472225,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.037850913,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.75772065,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00077421014,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0011360446,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999013},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4214928957","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-83255-1_4","title":"Academic Misconduct in Higher Education: Beyond Student Cheating","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Ethics and integrity in educational contexts","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":35,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary; Yorkville University","funders":"University of Guelph","keywords":"Misconduct; Cheating; Academic integrity; Scientific misconduct; Interpersonal communication; Public relations; Political science; Higher education; Psychology; Social psychology; Law; Medicine","score_opus":0.13467602167087375,"score_gpt":0.42091486062546424,"score_spread":0.28623883895459046,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4214928957","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0047038905,0.01081482,3.667564e-7,0.16057508,0.003631597,0.000503363,0.00005780821,0.000017862087,0.81969523],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.20868133,0.0073910514,0.00013065958,0.009235563,0.0024459215,0.00014667511,0.000227121,0.00003892116,0.77170277],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9965196,0.0006477832,0.0007637412,0.000611895,0.0010753196,0.0003816252],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9957343,0.0031243917,0.00041430723,0.00020174467,0.00034251608,0.00018278306],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0065446105,0.0003326724,0.0004490425,0.00040611567,0.0007378128,0.00009160442,0.0006300576,0.00320942,0.01655387],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0019740688,0.00037167215,0.000098634504,0.00014360221,0.0006083601,0.00032685167,0.00017253129,0.031343844,0.000051303356],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010513308,0.000083968494,0.0026179743,0.000042717053,0.000017923763,0.000001831844,0.045525305,9.4355477e-7,0.0000030859544,0.9397967,0.009027741,0.0028713322],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00012198948,0.000018277837,0.005067902,0.00038763476,0.000012592676,0.000002988599,0.005704209,8.266497e-7,6.3700367e-7,0.37754822,0.6108428,0.00029188083],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007661777,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007127422,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6018151,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0011314997,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0070310254,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998735},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4214932193","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-83255-1_18","title":"Student Insight on Academic Integrity","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Ethics and integrity in educational contexts","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"University of Guelph","keywords":"Academic integrity; Psychology; Research integrity; Focus group; Mathematics education; Pedagogy; Medical education; Engineering ethics; Social psychology; Sociology; Engineering; Medicine","score_opus":0.10759004230911029,"score_gpt":0.4147945012617166,"score_spread":0.3072044589526063,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4214932193","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0025226749,0.0032737039,0.0000052794517,0.13860331,0.0028982495,0.0005994643,0.00019056941,0.00004165706,0.8518651],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.35079718,0.023641564,0.00009612029,0.01641,0.0027449045,0.00013357356,0.00034188948,0.000070507966,0.60576427],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9952625,0.0010034438,0.00075489824,0.00075746886,0.0017707143,0.00045098845],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99220335,0.006388197,0.00036291103,0.00028938902,0.0004820559,0.00027407455],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.008722472,0.00044982313,0.0005605695,0.0004377196,0.0013505715,0.00010918262,0.00089992763,0.0050434084,0.008393162],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0050961287,0.0004575586,0.0001736359,0.00011672443,0.0010149757,0.00026649103,0.00024816312,0.07400934,0.00018792988],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000037825663,0.00008822707,0.00070252956,0.000029491783,0.000038367598,0.00000510024,0.05082675,8.176775e-7,0.0000012844822,0.9296604,0.016084976,0.002524261],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00014062405,0.00006553521,0.0016221289,0.00035212308,0.000018378383,0.0000032397913,0.002386457,0.0000021149735,0.000001333972,0.33181956,0.6632474,0.00034108377],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007911122,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009835823,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.64716244,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0011797149,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.004448222,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999495},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4214937122","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-83255-1_9","title":"Ethics, EdTech, and the Rise of Contract Cheating","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Ethics and integrity in educational contexts","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Thompson Rivers University","funders":"University of Guelph","keywords":"Cheating; Academic integrity; Situated; Academic dishonesty; Profit (economics); Public relations; Sociology; Pedagogy; Mathematics education; Engineering ethics; Political science; Psychology; Computer science; Social psychology; Engineering; Economics; Artificial intelligence; Microeconomics","score_opus":0.07108209043315897,"score_gpt":0.3788665979232876,"score_spread":0.30778450749012864,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4214937122","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0014347893,0.01636508,0.000016752374,0.28269202,0.0010848147,0.0006377483,0.00018054618,0.00001496844,0.6975733],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8105027,0.035421588,0.0002492219,0.006009229,0.0010980556,0.000064405016,0.00006826766,0.0000343356,0.14655218],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9967793,0.0012524943,0.0005594415,0.0003259652,0.0008673988,0.00021536203],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9786118,0.020184696,0.00039521782,0.00016131648,0.00055541645,0.00009152284],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.01955914,0.00021244444,0.0004456909,0.00012573291,0.0011819742,0.00006784872,0.0003665407,0.0025578057,0.0017867214],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01629161,0.00017405684,0.0001041159,0.000055863806,0.003072443,0.00014102148,0.00012859551,0.028320529,0.000004553211],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004935223,0.00001964959,0.00022594779,0.000055178527,0.000031175125,5.9841625e-7,0.098803215,3.3707366e-7,0.0000014309103,0.89739174,0.001022813,0.0023985712],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003138432,0.000020235633,0.0003712863,0.00031421313,0.000029156057,0.0000037505013,0.005325472,0.000021933229,0.0000017782351,0.5482059,0.44522753,0.00016492486],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.028075328,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.012767558,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.80906796,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015619532,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0027758367,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99964064},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4214938780","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-83255-1_24","title":"The Barriers to Faculty Reporting Incidences of Academic Misconduct at Community Colleges","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Ethics and integrity in educational contexts","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Lethbridge College","funders":"University of Guelph","keywords":"Academic integrity; Misconduct; Academic dishonesty; Scholarship; Context (archaeology); Academic community; Public relations; Medical education; Higher education; Political science; Workload; Institution; Discipline; Psychology; Pedagogy; Sociology; Medicine; Management; Social psychology; Social science; Law","score_opus":0.18637917792642728,"score_gpt":0.43844919617184686,"score_spread":0.2520700182454196,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4214938780","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.12664005,0.005494806,0.0000022563036,0.24545017,0.0022552896,0.001002423,0.000611562,0.000026588468,0.61851686],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6322969,0.0057287053,0.00009538993,0.00403198,0.000436777,0.000072214345,0.0001513733,0.000024359422,0.3571623],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99540216,0.0015162245,0.0013162385,0.00031780152,0.0011326353,0.00031491756],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.98558545,0.011753521,0.001408504,0.00027099933,0.0006896249,0.00029187347],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.026379535,0.00024218105,0.00045628584,0.00014841855,0.004799807,0.00005764909,0.000911377,0.001958344,0.0016790999],"category_scores_gemma":[0.06698863,0.0002034792,0.00012728877,0.00012254136,0.0016508028,0.00016683065,0.00042108228,0.02648796,0.000010342213],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000034230645,0.000009729709,0.0024240187,0.000034550747,0.000034508863,0.0000011227746,0.12683274,0.0000019273048,0.000013101702,0.850497,0.01915496,0.00096209126],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006123611,0.0000415571,0.0014540114,0.00034519474,0.00001739786,0.0000065377067,0.045688596,0.0000016398228,0.000016982265,0.21213172,0.7400146,0.0002204992],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.028216239,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.058875047,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.72085965,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00070777937,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0058300057,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999806},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4214940852","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-83255-1_7","title":"Understanding Provincial and Territorial Academic Integrity Policies for Elementary and Secondary Education in Canada","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Ethics and integrity in educational contexts","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"University of Guelph","keywords":"Academic integrity; Misconduct; Cheating; Formative assessment; Scientific misconduct; Political science; Public relations; Higher education; Pedagogy; Psychology; Social psychology; Medicine; Law","score_opus":0.10320901690278379,"score_gpt":0.36871139125908214,"score_spread":0.26550237435629837,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4214940852","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.13831237,0.02185255,0.00011305238,0.45475155,0.02317417,0.00609343,0.0045640063,0.00005556474,0.3510833],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9112321,0.016883958,0.00058584556,0.010271997,0.0073863724,0.000311971,0.0010666816,0.00007441352,0.052186653],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9976812,0.00034281635,0.000574559,0.00048716777,0.00057366246,0.00034061514],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99589473,0.0034120257,0.0002469934,0.000092762384,0.00017960762,0.00017386078],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0038113508,0.0002830237,0.0003897972,0.00029015855,0.0008472156,0.00008304073,0.0002429739,0.0015775943,0.00039575226],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0018863769,0.00031835237,0.000041740706,0.000057696227,0.00053935644,0.00032217565,0.00013325593,0.016739273,3.8613697e-7],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006247583,0.000021284195,0.006568877,0.00013243378,0.000018321114,6.24574e-7,0.019298466,1.350268e-7,0.0000021731723,0.95644116,0.011393731,0.0060603125],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002990969,0.0000406272,0.0032931878,0.00033081454,0.000020407158,0.0000051017264,0.024357732,0.0000105276995,9.859847e-7,0.5537849,0.4175425,0.00031413487],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9322244,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.99004245,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7729197,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0037368208,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.04324162,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99992687},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4214943933","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-83255-1_30","title":"Academic Integrity Through a SoTL Lens and 4M Framework: An Institutional Self-Study","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Ethics and integrity in educational contexts","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Higher Education Academy; University of Guelph; University of Calgary; Johns Hopkins University","keywords":"Academic integrity; Discipline; Institution; Stakeholder; Scholarship; Public relations; Political science; Organizational culture; Centrality; Engineering ethics; Sociology; Psychology; Engineering; Social science","score_opus":0.13252478868938408,"score_gpt":0.4157857426673022,"score_spread":0.2832609539779182,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4214943933","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.07922009,0.012884317,0.00020803553,0.19873747,0.0061975396,0.0032035043,0.000924977,0.0002673968,0.6983567],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9253128,0.023839489,0.0019931234,0.009422912,0.0028223826,0.0001875269,0.00030492502,0.00006906024,0.036047764],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9950219,0.0012361738,0.0008113688,0.0009806273,0.0014479351,0.0005020281],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9937982,0.0046804864,0.00036088348,0.0003136848,0.000585477,0.00026126558],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.008576908,0.0005112038,0.00063316815,0.00028169405,0.0024782096,0.00017352514,0.0007209995,0.005343984,0.0026524207],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005643996,0.00053568545,0.00011837877,0.00014578276,0.0015821463,0.0010639968,0.00032386594,0.059189178,0.000034758432],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003855588,0.00023727854,0.0034324983,0.00004115969,0.000062793384,0.0000065252284,0.14842676,5.78966e-7,5.470953e-7,0.8451588,0.0014352782,0.0011591943],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00021886673,0.00012355526,0.0034485848,0.00027186432,0.000049589613,0.000016334292,0.0122654,0.000012790082,2.88588e-7,0.5488831,0.43427545,0.000434175],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.013830263,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.010205594,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.84609276,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007747933,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.006135659,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997095},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4214950379","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-83255-1_15","title":"Managing Academic Integrity in Canadian Engineering Schools","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Ethics and integrity in educational contexts","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"University of Guelph","keywords":"Academic integrity; Warrant; Misconduct; Work (physics); Engineering ethics; Political science; Scientific misconduct; Public relations; Structural integrity; Medical education; Engineering; Medicine; Business; Alternative medicine; Law","score_opus":0.060120480704169234,"score_gpt":0.3553220936204014,"score_spread":0.29520161291623215,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4214950379","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0026998578,0.006804477,0.00001702768,0.30298582,0.0028550518,0.0007763371,0.00033481405,0.000046590663,0.68348],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.761352,0.023332138,0.00039434503,0.008184824,0.001966582,0.00015106461,0.00041251394,0.000094784446,0.20411177],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9968003,0.00042033548,0.000669042,0.00059118523,0.0008088275,0.0007103304],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9963715,0.0024957007,0.00018324934,0.00020204045,0.00026683407,0.00048064478],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.010069003,0.00036668216,0.00046717623,0.00097557774,0.0007072624,0.0001114501,0.0007049363,0.0040237242,0.0029849296],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0070086406,0.00043951086,0.00010507168,0.00019047526,0.00031804937,0.00038676188,0.00013247879,0.069399424,0.000053114014],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008525899,0.000011895697,0.0032087055,0.000051010415,0.00001716293,0.000010929916,0.016490405,0.0000115073,0.0000012806939,0.9744287,0.003781606,0.0019782726],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00011246474,0.000012604182,0.002297774,0.0006979465,0.000010135808,0.000005765989,0.002653276,0.0001030879,5.7636527e-7,0.32250822,0.67119783,0.00040034743],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.73115164,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.812679,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7586521,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002771486,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01054379,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998057},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4220901071","doi":"10.1016/j.jecp.2022.105417","title":"Effects of test difficulty messaging on academic cheating among middle school children","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Experimental Child Psychology","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Psychology; Test (biology); Social psychology; Developmental psychology; Affect (linguistics); Communication","score_opus":0.01642155473215825,"score_gpt":0.3349975855542344,"score_spread":0.3185760308220762,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4220901071","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95794886,0.0024320735,0.000014602185,0.0014744259,0.00081094407,0.00023836516,0.0000075105145,0.000017059656,0.037056167],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972988,0.00014051293,0.00009130278,0.0016163498,0.0006811824,0.000010889589,0.0000029279906,0.000015628562,0.0001424278],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9975921,0.00060564093,0.0005892682,0.00021187859,0.0006531585,0.00034793667],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984518,0.0004802385,0.00071902195,0.000112054244,0.000047185295,0.0001896806],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0013836593,0.00015456062,0.00034525376,0.0002059117,0.00070789194,0.000013199723,0.0006648544,0.0003294114,0.00056262466],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00057350605,0.0001438818,0.0001877682,0.00026891107,0.00028775103,0.00018710621,0.00009615764,0.0037460634,0.000008284589],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0011745641,0.004524319,0.6056401,0.000053191427,0.00059001136,0.00016871784,0.10439257,0.00018309098,0.2290036,0.015282351,0.03588081,0.0031066386],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0050533824,0.0028624048,0.8583184,0.0006643603,0.00010538816,0.00050868874,0.0327399,0.00001771477,0.091756284,0.0008360641,0.0064995354,0.0006378744],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00022915426,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000039077313,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.25267828,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021785112,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007322352,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9985523},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4226275569","doi":"10.1139/facets-2021-0041","title":"Students’ mindsets on research integrity—a cross-cultural comparison","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"FACETS","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Enforcement; Value (mathematics); Exploratory research; Action (physics); Focus group; Qualitative research; Cross-cultural; Psychology; Pedagogy; Political science; Sociology; Social science; Computer science","score_opus":0.18713095533833554,"score_gpt":0.5246378819968419,"score_spread":0.33750692665850635,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4226275569","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.88708127,0.00011426783,0.000005189096,0.0058148275,0.0010278568,0.00029611838,0.000050362898,0.000073177296,0.10553696],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9785661,0.000021062273,0.000044196568,0.00055877556,0.00032641404,0.00005721301,0.000030850395,0.000008632372,0.020386722],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9945655,0.0016083916,0.00024134958,0.0003365794,0.0026067325,0.00064147724],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998803,0.00052820094,0.00006819509,0.00019188198,0.0002501475,0.00015858207],"candidate_categories":["sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0068662646,0.000111931215,0.00018173906,0.00012556881,0.0035502124,0.00033333275,0.0012919086,0.0003522908,0.003094404],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00111386,0.000104064544,0.00007449221,0.00044990782,0.0005651101,0.00021868151,0.0004087213,0.0062771454,0.0008006306],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001691461,0.0005217098,0.21650766,0.000008750334,0.000040956136,0.000027206368,0.13589442,0.00014326008,0.00023630267,0.06631868,0.57492,0.0052119344],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00030115337,0.00016921005,0.022251017,0.000012931484,0.000003504189,0.0000017896471,0.04719943,0.00004633767,0.00030779283,0.0021037683,0.92743766,0.00016540146],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004987596,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007182754,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3525177,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005305085,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018820305,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99997735},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4226520937","doi":"10.1007/s40979-022-00105-0","title":"New priorities for academic integrity: equity, diversity, inclusion, decolonization and Indigenization","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Educational Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":67,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Indigenization; Scholarship; Equity (law); Inclusion (mineral); Decolonization; Diversity (politics); Sociology; Public relations; Political science; Pedagogy; Engineering ethics; Social science; Law; Anthropology","score_opus":0.07299590899366233,"score_gpt":0.4307373877076325,"score_spread":0.35774147871397016,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4226520937","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.22007667,0.0019092866,0.22552913,0.50752217,0.036164254,0.0027905845,0.0013062007,0.00017041445,0.0045312652],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9636251,0.0008480894,0.012437305,0.0044142576,0.006496505,0.00014110973,0.0004548154,0.000030469622,0.011552377],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9970061,0.00029040215,0.0005234901,0.00031965633,0.0014825668,0.00037774042],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.995863,0.001468729,0.0004364011,0.000079949576,0.0018694062,0.00028249202],"candidate_categories":["sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0043970915,0.00017749755,0.00019951632,0.0004189822,0.008015049,0.00026943994,0.0014105095,0.0004352092,0.0010522685],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0044630957,0.00019663667,0.00016049662,0.00026085318,0.0001721145,0.0011226259,0.0025740366,0.0030543387,0.000004663962],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003064294,0.000105171486,0.03052045,0.000015419471,0.00014332101,0.0000015315371,0.035714827,0.000070549664,0.00006482976,0.7830201,0.122894555,0.027142823],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006685202,0.000099278084,0.0036034803,0.000033921613,0.000047520076,0.00008746046,0.0059787664,0.00032159567,0.000055619654,0.66155964,0.32731792,0.00022627342],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0026962867,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00073587266,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7435484,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0017648229,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003932314,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998609},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4229367227","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-8921-2.ch009","title":"Putting Plagiarism Under Scrutiny","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Advances in educational technologies and instructional design book series","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Kwantlen Polytechnic University","funders":"","keywords":"Commit; Scrutiny; Phenomenon; Academic integrity; Sign (mathematics); Academic writing; Political science; Academic dishonesty; Plagiarism detection; Public relations; Psychology; Higher education; Pedagogy; Law; Social psychology; Epistemology; Computer science","score_opus":0.021858592330532226,"score_gpt":0.28542426389215453,"score_spread":0.2635656715616223,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4229367227","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00005546478,0.067575276,0.00066451484,0.04211382,0.00250966,0.00067496614,0.00010725361,0.0004557484,0.8858433],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0019640403,0.40045995,0.06874446,0.0010121093,0.0010580608,0.0003148858,0.00018590213,0.00008300291,0.5261776],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9978821,0.00008234087,0.0004606049,0.00055798446,0.00064562826,0.00037134314],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985606,0.00073475594,0.00032874185,0.00018780999,0.00013716474,0.000050921757],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00071688794,0.00032494395,0.00033510907,0.00041189723,0.0012501681,0.00007187073,0.00048853375,0.0013719212,0.0025508446],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00050248526,0.0003556882,0.00007449757,0.00013689791,0.0020459283,0.0019951817,0.00021145922,0.002763084,0.000017704213],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000026453117,0.000011138161,0.000052213287,0.000019523515,0.000021553878,0.0000025342947,0.00034708466,0.0001220991,0.0000031614459,0.93208915,0.002479029,0.064826034],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000048710957,0.000025292582,0.000027095279,0.000057431047,0.000007403923,0.000031746247,0.0027730109,0.0000022195406,0.0000083137365,0.48974723,0.5070866,0.0001849597],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00012529426,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00016505882,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.50460756,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00051711383,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00086471345,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999245},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"other","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre":"other","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W4229790673","doi":"10.3410/f.13335978.14707151","title":"Faculty Opinions recommendation of How to catch a cheat: an editor's perspective on a new age of plagiarism and data manipulation.","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"dataset","venue":"Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute","funders":"","keywords":"Perspective (graphical); Computer science; Data science; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.08881443359355426,"score_gpt":0.4119066974669386,"score_spread":0.3230922638733843,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4229790673","genre_codex":"dataset","genre_gemma":"dataset","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"dataset","genre_consensus":"dataset","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[4.7228784e-7,0.00036501582,0.00009445126,0.2897932,0.0014355085,0.0010746731,0.70702875,0.000019559659,0.00018836753],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00001595158,0.0005345473,0.0013891928,0.0029201293,0.0023595968,0.00004896698,0.9915034,0.000017686307,0.0012105071],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9951685,0.0009433918,0.0010047934,0.0008375372,0.0017060443,0.00033974653],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99184227,0.0002956729,0.0012584792,0.0016053258,0.004476403,0.00052185956],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0035278224,0.0004081571,0.000848547,0.00037461566,0.00036292194,0.0001423419,0.0027685014,0.001966477,0.0002885372],"category_scores_gemma":[0.017295582,0.0002906778,0.00022405363,0.001521302,0.00055569183,0.0007475019,0.00062935194,0.002328275,0.00001579066],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000023474704,0.0002315553,0.0000041879375,0.001041689,0.00009032784,1.790254e-7,0.005544302,3.7437417e-8,8.6611544e-7,0.005280915,0.9865513,0.001231167],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003124891,0.0001721669,0.000712492,0.0049037104,0.00015571063,0.0000046848736,0.0011591441,0.0000041895983,0.000004494515,0.00031818025,0.99197596,0.00027675973],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0056184754,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003817268,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.28687307,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018735317,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0010817468,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999734},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4232523899","doi":"10.1515/ci.2013.35.4.21c","title":"Research Integrity–The Montreal Statement","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemistry International","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Statement (logic); Research integrity; Engineering; Political science; Engineering ethics; Law","score_opus":0.058563964725656115,"score_gpt":0.3978301827632694,"score_spread":0.3392662180376133,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4232523899","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.17179136,0.00004675783,0.00013237112,0.069895156,0.00043361337,0.00016137028,0.000014306074,0.000041853815,0.75748324],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.93188196,0.000113221,0.00011497169,0.000350145,0.0011725178,0.000069703834,0.000026727841,0.000004752327,0.06626598],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.998316,0.0001354062,0.00017913418,0.00016157507,0.0009178715,0.00029000148],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987617,0.00038642902,0.000046498426,0.00012648928,0.0005846751,0.00009422325],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0021228746,0.00006301878,0.00005456131,0.000021889111,0.00045911293,0.00018174482,0.0008417471,0.00027425605,0.014762231],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00086309237,0.00004726371,0.00004270626,0.00011765634,0.00044923797,0.00019142343,0.00010003406,0.001812266,0.0008446812],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013011707,0.0000870394,0.0021972049,0.000009338131,0.00007088152,0.000005548167,0.013316801,0.0000062218382,0.0045709037,0.03190927,0.9303245,0.017489258],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00014426671,0.000004661211,0.0016914279,0.000023230756,0.000002890876,0.000003032068,0.022773325,0.00035503952,0.005508441,0.031563215,0.93782246,0.00010800455],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.019048676,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00035400974,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.76009065,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00027496208,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002013304,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999333},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"other","about_ca_system":true,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"methods","study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"commentary","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W4234408137","doi":"10.4018/978-1-5225-8057-7.ch010","title":"Embedding Plagiarism Detection Mechanisms Into Learning Management Systems","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"IGI Global eBooks","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University of Edmonton","funders":"","keywords":"Plagiarism detection; Computer science; Architecture; Set (abstract data type); Embedding; Intellectual property; Learning Management; Software engineering; Service (business); Plug-in; Software; Multimedia; Artificial intelligence; Operating system; Programming language","score_opus":0.014289562717939183,"score_gpt":0.2701244565869876,"score_spread":0.2558348938690484,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4234408137","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00003767219,0.0003485085,0.027917372,0.00006419348,0.0037752155,0.00086069776,0.00001323222,0.00035662984,0.96662647],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.30251363,0.0000807139,0.00051645795,0.00022065567,0.00090411096,0.000022877428,0.0000072717003,0.00005625029,0.69567806],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9969088,0.00019750006,0.0004943746,0.00065630494,0.001145861,0.0005972009],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99879104,0.00010920637,0.00044422082,0.00029485632,0.00015633272,0.00020432251],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0014929897,0.00045527433,0.0005251993,0.00014540338,0.00092314725,0.00028157848,0.0005877805,0.0036901212,0.00010505989],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000662695,0.0004949787,0.00024773524,0.000035465568,0.0001522122,0.000120145465,0.00021093688,0.0032019624,0.0013107229],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000021107358,0.0000026515845,0.0000015399146,0.00010490698,0.00014826018,0.000041566534,0.001395021,0.0001866976,0.0000177577,0.9877638,0.0007085791,0.009608103],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00019623576,0.00006348172,9.574743e-7,0.0005908856,0.00015964125,0.000013036477,0.0025160182,0.000592225,0.000023324941,0.49284574,0.50240177,0.00059667305],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003990054,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00074708293,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5016932,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0013032693,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022309016,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997502},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":[],"domain":null,"study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"methods","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":[],"domain":null,"study_design":"design_other","genre":"methods","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W4238232622","doi":"10.4018/978-1-60566-952-2.ch005","title":"The Nature and Areas of Technoethical Inquiry","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Advances in information security, privacy, and ethics book series","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Scope (computer science); Engineering ethics; Set (abstract data type); Ideal (ethics); Management science; Knowledge management; Sociology; Epistemology; Engineering; Computer science","score_opus":0.018150218210730144,"score_gpt":0.3275251693988377,"score_spread":0.30937495118810754,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4238232622","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00043353226,0.04126714,0.00014364909,0.034487594,0.0017044216,0.0007080325,0.00008677833,0.00010544104,0.9210634],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.04297383,0.93221253,0.0007917911,0.004312732,0.0006292887,0.000030126508,0.00008292555,0.00002746,0.018939294],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981169,0.000096381074,0.0006129733,0.00017169911,0.00074917113,0.000252864],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9970747,0.0016920936,0.00047920723,0.0002458327,0.00042128572,0.00008686044],"candidate_categories":["sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0033738953,0.0002378729,0.0003169393,0.000149203,0.001040374,0.00015262008,0.00047714918,0.0061251605,0.000040738167],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003214273,0.00019107218,0.000052453,0.000060693237,0.0050593507,0.0037836402,0.0003189147,0.013942131,0.0000054843617],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003835503,0.0000020733198,0.00006310932,0.00021493006,0.0000069223456,6.370745e-7,0.094027884,2.2301943e-7,4.683651e-7,0.9011492,0.0002665504,0.0042296364],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006290909,0.00001819079,0.000016974302,0.0001654474,0.000007596664,0.0000052159653,0.004222527,0.0000016320387,0.000025562851,0.44160575,0.5537418,0.00012638808],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000086646476,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0026394336,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9021241,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000038049628,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00036698586,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9976483},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4238483600","doi":"10.1111/theo.12299","title":"Disguised Plagiarism","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Theoria","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Copying; Terminology; Publishing; Epistemology; Sociology; Philosophy; Literature; Linguistics; Law; Art; Political science","score_opus":0.027455380349443084,"score_gpt":0.3005129734863187,"score_spread":0.27305759313687566,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4238483600","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.036346283,0.00013509893,0.0036590085,0.06514446,0.0010275291,0.00019566673,0.000014272622,0.00032878225,0.8931489],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99202925,0.000051540035,0.00025151417,0.0041904226,0.0016902246,0.000002968415,0.0000036618942,0.000006584876,0.0017738632],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990523,0.0002432003,0.00010434664,0.00013412606,0.00024164867,0.00022439187],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99947244,0.00020998582,0.000035448105,0.00007306442,0.000034867502,0.00017417343],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00085542334,0.00006342886,0.0000984517,0.000012275413,0.00028350856,0.000034043034,0.0003142899,0.0004198329,0.0020079203],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010366975,0.000057315356,0.000044753535,0.00015541502,0.00018268047,0.000103972256,0.000032336044,0.00082926016,0.0011058315],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000025982983,0.00000510136,0.00019637916,0.0000022080555,0.000006854154,0.0000036861604,0.039340973,0.0000010201344,0.00017116351,0.9254999,0.031790223,0.0029565108],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00017134148,0.000018104693,0.000115271694,0.0000053436233,0.000009803559,2.3985731e-7,0.005248519,0.00006897166,0.00029988834,0.15429945,0.8396418,0.00012122911],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004956888,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000033647306,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.95568293,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000022339638,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000947868,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99967194},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"other","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre":"other","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W4239380420","doi":"10.53761/1.2.3.2","title":"Proper Acknowledgment?","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of University Teaching and Learning Practice","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"La Trobe University; University of Victoria","keywords":"Acknowledgement; Copying; Academic integrity; Context (archaeology); Attribution; Originality; Perception; Pedagogy; Judgement; Sociology; Engineering ethics; Psychology; Public relations; Political science; Social psychology; Social science; Computer science; Qualitative research; Law; Engineering","score_opus":0.016432629693526872,"score_gpt":0.2966213521086365,"score_spread":0.2801887224151096,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4239380420","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.21540844,0.00065988884,0.0056158267,0.0874955,0.0003461565,0.000063558036,3.3859317e-7,0.00004472655,0.69036555],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9234905,0.0009845343,0.020145472,0.0005824463,0.00088127056,1.0661673e-8,1.9836098e-7,0.0000043142977,0.0539112],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.996611,0.0028845007,0.00009564367,0.000059846137,0.00023150747,0.00011747877],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99810946,0.0013234688,0.0002649328,0.000026438089,0.00017881188,0.00009687139],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.009784526,0.000044280616,0.00008645994,0.00008318561,0.0013875561,0.000053289175,0.00013908553,0.00015343986,0.0000717902],"category_scores_gemma":[0.009727358,0.000041293802,0.000037131693,0.000056819423,0.00008048099,0.0013561223,0.000027358967,0.004575947,0.000020665471],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00074318156,0.00029143912,0.0034845183,0.000018048033,0.00021406233,0.00015983201,0.44153935,0.00080266816,0.00024312115,0.05754659,0.057391178,0.437566],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00018403456,0.00005701759,0.00011476599,0.000031641295,0.00005097826,0.00004732527,0.07849518,0.00006241414,0.0000024545886,0.000014114444,0.9208909,0.00004917474],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005414382,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000038596125,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8634997,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011310169,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013442535,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999125},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4241413600","doi":"10.1007/s10459-019-09877-6","title":"Editorial","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"editorial","venue":"Advances in Health Sciences Education","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Medicine; Medical education","score_opus":0.012279382486109897,"score_gpt":0.4155236034710604,"score_spread":0.4032442209849505,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4241413600","genre_codex":"editorial","genre_gemma":"editorial","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"editorial","genre_consensus":"editorial","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0000079615165,0.013708759,0.000033202952,0.0030852756,0.9250768,0.0006136481,0.00002663092,0.00004930353,0.057398424],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00007474292,0.050891146,0.0007183374,0.00040188548,0.94333434,0.00006733347,0.000092766415,0.000012729033,0.0044067027],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9944897,0.0007891969,0.000695314,0.0007212583,0.0024656141,0.00083891326],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9953586,0.003091054,0.0007169612,0.00023366408,0.00039666874,0.00020307365],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.010499185,0.00022593624,0.000415155,0.0003852236,0.0009797915,0.00015148838,0.0012056223,0.0020843425,0.00013371844],"category_scores_gemma":[0.007947388,0.00022677548,0.00006366251,0.0010621975,0.0008061435,0.0014578803,0.00005184827,0.00324652,0.00020129504],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000073467672,0.000041685886,0.00020275383,0.00015530322,8.122476e-7,4.6170324e-8,0.0041384003,0.000035113357,5.4006357e-8,0.010820552,0.9673657,0.017232278],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000861692,0.00008538011,0.000004960851,0.000529225,0.000002205563,7.8899895e-8,0.0040594074,0.000007903282,2.6794805e-7,0.012903722,0.98209006,0.0002306381],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02649465,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0100089265,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.05299172,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0013316354,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.03258402,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99921113},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4242471523","doi":"10.1126/science.297.5590.2189b","title":"Overseas Students Scrutinized","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Science","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Psychology","score_opus":0.045332706633837774,"score_gpt":0.36512664642666803,"score_spread":0.3197939397928303,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4242471523","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.28551647,0.00015222629,0.00008991322,0.0030511578,0.00096636004,0.0001396309,0.0000022718139,0.00009842118,0.7099835],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9845437,0.00011798198,0.0003033924,0.00089376373,0.00016825627,0.0000020403486,1.1072056e-7,0.0000019369159,0.01396884],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9979426,0.00007671053,0.00009013174,0.00020867979,0.0012885708,0.00039329095],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994933,0.00007949804,0.000037230137,0.000121025616,0.00009676109,0.00017219866],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0027454623,0.000049020182,0.0000621205,0.00006837925,0.0011555105,0.0001552491,0.0010180313,0.0001235739,0.002236101],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0012711656,0.000044770484,0.000026349588,0.00077484176,0.0014331968,0.00047898438,0.000086890504,0.00036011718,0.0008760533],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015315682,0.00029443792,0.12315072,0.000007228103,0.000013465877,0.000030743897,0.14953412,0.0000074629056,0.0034675465,0.60071594,0.0736915,0.049071535],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00029721568,0.000022955117,0.01485555,0.000021136386,0.0000060007214,0.0000018236447,0.006855076,0.0003181929,0.00045290848,0.006385853,0.97056687,0.00021641656],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00039828607,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007207864,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8968754,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000092163835,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001068923,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999019},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4243348252","doi":"10.1503/cmaj.060095","title":"Les journaux font-ils assez d'efforts pour prévenir la publication frauduleuse?","year":2006,"lang":"fr","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Medical Association Journal","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Font; Humanities; Computer science; Library science; World Wide Web; Art; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.011579339747760552,"score_gpt":0.266945886867285,"score_spread":0.25536654711952445,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4243348252","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.03581464,0.004244002,0.0017518935,0.6567861,0.006077229,0.00022124547,0.00012579901,0.00005407516,0.29492503],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.78239465,0.0041376622,0.0012163562,0.02450737,0.040226094,0.000019729774,0.00011932635,0.000084770734,0.14729406],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9914179,0.0022221617,0.0011252168,0.00031041633,0.0032838976,0.0016404238],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9930365,0.0011711059,0.0010190373,0.0001372062,0.0015871621,0.0030489906],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.016144613,0.00028513078,0.00040822156,0.00035558912,0.0019402639,0.00076943834,0.00080323673,0.0050079925,0.031431258],"category_scores_gemma":[0.010256092,0.00030186118,0.0003124825,0.0007569689,0.00032912605,0.00096410903,0.00002824087,0.008026258,0.0009853609],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":true,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000024086694,0.00006340122,0.032804307,0.000009387568,0.00008584716,0.0002152738,0.0014103121,0.000007881301,0.0000026822158,0.10012175,0.77488244,0.090394296],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00051683484,0.000022958548,0.026275964,0.00020786823,0.000070668146,0.00044639973,0.0016353013,0.00040195638,0.0000057402526,0.015604302,0.9544994,0.00031260683],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.22647582,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.4452802,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.74658,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.006496583,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.014801546,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999434},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4243847526","doi":"10.3917/ems.beaul.2017.01.0228","title":"Chapitre 14. Les bonnes pratiques en mati�re d�int�grit� intellectuelle�: le cas du plagiat","year":2017,"lang":"fr","type":"book-chapter","venue":"EMS Editions eBooks","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"The Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Humanities; Philosophy; Art","score_opus":0.03221631229924424,"score_gpt":0.2827452705815774,"score_spread":0.2505289582823331,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4243847526","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0015280631,0.0016790427,0.0010977804,0.017511487,0.007539157,0.0009889619,0.0009946701,0.00032492285,0.9683359],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.11741677,0.0046455367,0.00088852714,0.00079398276,0.019701784,0.00015990883,0.00039421557,0.00015321332,0.85584605],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9953382,0.0006042687,0.0010455757,0.0010021956,0.0010538354,0.0009558951],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9950002,0.002068089,0.0009640659,0.0008368484,0.000681679,0.00044914667],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0020445269,0.0009850755,0.0010186014,0.00036822498,0.006378655,0.0004849254,0.0015967572,0.005989381,0.010893875],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0015700564,0.001016135,0.0006653465,0.000038430328,0.004588927,0.0005859654,0.0003908906,0.0067722253,0.0020247358],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018484503,0.000048466758,0.000034167144,0.000098820296,0.00020295901,0.00008271522,0.061197285,0.0000018989797,0.00002090621,0.77190995,0.15551831,0.010866051],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002572133,0.00013164621,0.00007172043,0.0011232524,0.00020054706,0.00007574252,0.008699539,0.0000659021,0.00027863236,0.16852479,0.8196026,0.00096840144],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.020862313,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.035773452,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6640843,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00043744437,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0011884115,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9992289},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4245665089","doi":"10.1007/978-981-287-079-7_55-1","title":"Peer-to-Peer File Sharing and Academic Integrity in the Internet Age","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"File sharing; Academic integrity; The Internet; Peer-to-peer; Internet privacy; Computer science; World Wide Web; Psychology; Library science","score_opus":0.11385766776922647,"score_gpt":0.3529047414929328,"score_spread":0.23904707372370637,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4245665089","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0002921228,0.00028909615,0.00006840671,0.02474882,0.00035280612,0.000436179,0.00016295689,0.00006442244,0.9735852],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.011935927,0.00017155948,0.00019980498,0.0029194858,0.00080261915,0.000018436556,0.0001307667,0.00002311767,0.98379827],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99713534,0.00012775454,0.0003934732,0.0004951752,0.0014291471,0.00041910145],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985849,0.0005248455,0.00011968131,0.00024167697,0.00031320975,0.00021567779],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0075761406,0.000290581,0.00036774928,0.00017771778,0.00015230254,0.000153614,0.0013481156,0.0030628438,0.009565055],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0025270577,0.00020800681,0.00008265077,0.00007531881,0.00037164497,0.00019400065,0.00036951544,0.010882471,0.0006423275],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000065879726,0.0000023418143,0.0001016641,0.0000048378333,0.000007784226,0.000016654092,0.02715872,1.4286721e-7,2.829957e-7,0.43322432,0.5376092,0.0018674643],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000067610585,0.000019855885,0.000057790312,0.00016499762,0.000014503228,0.0000051112365,0.0042489665,0.000023924276,8.053047e-7,0.14446686,0.850684,0.00024560487],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.014968453,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0153692635,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.31307477,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022856187,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00020865686,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9982314},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4250472886","doi":"10.1016/j.ajog.2015.12.012","title":"Reply","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"letter","venue":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Misnomer; Scientific misconduct; Medicine; Alternative medicine; Pathology; Philosophy; Theology","score_opus":0.02497326017995936,"score_gpt":0.2942877262642305,"score_spread":0.2693144660842711,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4250472886","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"commentary","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"commentary","genre_consensus":"commentary","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0038464277,0.0037549166,0.00008840078,0.9670249,0.0065409155,0.00009290396,0.000017441538,0.000012228916,0.018621838],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.009127254,0.0062116515,0.001129451,0.9738324,0.004793769,0.0000014808888,0.000007954895,0.000026234304,0.0048697656],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99746805,0.0007825211,0.00052406115,0.00017614113,0.0006205522,0.00042865542],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9855052,0.012039552,0.0013176646,0.00012665811,0.000810086,0.00020081973],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0024124112,0.0001631357,0.00068605744,0.00042056802,0.00018497903,0.000052762523,0.00049754034,0.001118794,0.0001467336],"category_scores_gemma":[0.032212924,0.00014088099,0.0001290382,0.0005328843,0.0011878454,0.00011131998,0.00005393989,0.0061484035,0.000017764849],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000035315197,0.000008011012,0.00048986066,0.0000049860614,0.000056361856,0.0006979181,0.0025951548,3.7303303e-7,1.9141186e-7,0.00034591422,0.9096135,0.0861842],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00016596641,0.0005284662,0.000060655428,0.000015725509,0.00007090396,0.000084358835,0.002859161,0.000001331702,3.275061e-7,0.0028820375,0.9931755,0.00015556214],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00074477575,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001701902,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08602864,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003010841,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001194844,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9961445},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4250893404","doi":"10.1007/bf03018859","title":"New media","year":2000,"lang":"fr","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Anesthesia/Journal canadien d anesthésie","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto General Hospital","funders":"","keywords":"Business","score_opus":0.0167505340540397,"score_gpt":0.23437866218076464,"score_spread":0.21762812812672494,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4250893404","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6349934,0.06328698,0.000074838455,0.24259213,0.007479959,0.00026341027,0.00003455321,0.000021636093,0.05125314],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.727287,0.012812879,0.003889781,0.0022230183,0.03558822,0.0000015962983,0.000012453891,0.00021232138,0.21797273],"study_design_codex":"case_report","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.993122,0.0010478075,0.0016780542,0.00034720756,0.0013929814,0.0024119935],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9859044,0.00043899595,0.0009964515,0.00029029147,0.00095402147,0.011415818],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.005387678,0.00061185914,0.001033815,0.0008776679,0.0017699152,0.00068412704,0.002139513,0.0020371545,0.04966113],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00072420575,0.00062329194,0.0007365449,0.0013499551,0.0012753559,0.0017047292,0.000006801095,0.0066203866,0.00089926226],"study_design_candidate":"case_report","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007460962,0.00002173466,0.0007100725,0.000018549736,0.00013855717,0.48563161,0.030406523,0.00019761249,0.0000011106624,0.012285875,0.2824982,0.18801552],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00040143364,0.0002607802,0.00051841117,0.0003680779,0.00016712256,0.49427357,0.0025737819,0.000008686483,0.0000051190937,0.006226126,0.49482846,0.00036842635],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.2990148,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.25591376,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2403691,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0025323445,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.034534886,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99987864},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4252524822","doi":"10.3410/f.1020460.232598","title":"Faculty Opinions recommendation of On the theory of noncovalent binding.","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"dataset","venue":"Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Non-covalent interactions; Computational biology; Chemistry; Computer science; Data science; Biology; Molecule; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.05184826836098833,"score_gpt":0.3797756023022209,"score_spread":0.3279273339412326,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4252524822","genre_codex":"dataset","genre_gemma":"dataset","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"dataset","genre_consensus":"dataset","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[6.957835e-7,0.00044240078,0.00002400701,0.3163816,0.00092080527,0.0010260612,0.6805902,0.00001743255,0.00059679936],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.000024333927,0.0011808266,0.0001646017,0.006057271,0.0004254938,0.00011169328,0.99030143,0.00001552517,0.0017188215],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9934084,0.0018943319,0.0015247464,0.0004859412,0.002309369,0.00037725028],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99107975,0.0009971035,0.002138507,0.0011011496,0.0044709654,0.00021250035],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00804211,0.0004031832,0.00080896023,0.0003076423,0.0005830698,0.000082668426,0.0026985984,0.0016709428,0.0012991712],"category_scores_gemma":[0.023461707,0.00022064881,0.0007162789,0.0021098314,0.0012476933,0.00025041975,0.0003240275,0.0028701439,0.00007862357],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015721482,0.00026688096,0.0000022174163,0.0020442123,0.00011231005,9.2493785e-8,0.0012753397,1.1538339e-7,5.996843e-7,0.035115473,0.9595972,0.0015698926],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00027015602,0.0000951268,0.0001474541,0.012776016,0.00014132298,0.000004243449,0.00048648755,6.713306e-7,0.000022745897,0.00073785195,0.9851024,0.0002154798],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00038122264,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000026978094,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3103243,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023585829,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0013818364,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996251},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4254831865","doi":"10.22215/etd/2016-11506","title":"Black, White, and Grey: (Re)Constructing the One-Size-Fits-All Approach to Plagiarism","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Intertextuality; Rhetorical question; Interpretation (philosophy); Academic integrity; Sociology; Discourse analysis; Plagiarism detection; White (mutation); Mathematics education; Pedagogy; Linguistics; Psychology; Computer science; Social psychology; Philosophy","score_opus":0.03159095945665744,"score_gpt":0.3002092690770961,"score_spread":0.26861830962043864,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4254831865","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.03486267,0.00018195185,0.0006420577,0.0064491876,0.0009932249,0.0008087573,0.000030072555,0.00013431771,0.95589775],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.41505486,0.0011556142,0.008765094,0.0049633463,0.0034969382,0.00012150653,0.00018240775,0.00010405792,0.56615615],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.99703,0.00041295963,0.00043978626,0.00061734393,0.00085083116,0.0006490357],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979506,0.00095742266,0.0002717743,0.00027856446,0.00027672577,0.00026488348],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0026361002,0.00034556878,0.00042060658,0.00011382348,0.0009507076,0.000274942,0.0007766238,0.002929866,0.0008528038],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0018852991,0.00022653583,0.00012077581,0.00027509395,0.00039147201,0.00028131003,0.00007393909,0.002907398,0.0001862605],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001223499,0.00006865732,0.0016780951,0.00017729244,0.0002869088,0.0000030819863,0.43362963,0.0000016689719,0.00023464853,0.40841645,0.07843371,0.07694753],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006244624,0.00006353568,0.002876762,0.00060593244,0.0003400627,0.000008394488,0.6374322,0.000051921277,0.0004041235,0.032129657,0.32377166,0.0016912464],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0036346377,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0065285126,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.38974157,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012309132,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00037029138,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9993929},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"qualitative","genre":"other","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre":"other","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W4255515193","doi":"10.4018/978-1-60566-952-2.ch009","title":"Educational and Professional Technoethics","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Advances in information security, privacy, and ethics book series","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Happening; Upload; The Internet; Sociology; Public relations; Political science; Internet privacy; Media studies; Engineering ethics; Engineering; World Wide Web; Computer science; History","score_opus":0.02065364137475983,"score_gpt":0.3373308955193599,"score_spread":0.3166772541446001,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4255515193","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00015560212,0.009780686,0.00009739511,0.064255394,0.0018172447,0.0006036767,0.00012801982,0.00009554216,0.92306644],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.013004944,0.6736566,0.0053844787,0.014368541,0.0016992227,0.000131975,0.0006466812,0.000060339833,0.29104722],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99791867,0.00009033978,0.0006052104,0.00023467735,0.0008616208,0.00028951126],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99757737,0.0011980626,0.0004227935,0.00019086062,0.00047340206,0.00013753622],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0026753554,0.0002866731,0.0003092246,0.00027061545,0.0012128518,0.00017775543,0.00036163942,0.0042568645,0.00040607233],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0021498213,0.00028981522,0.00004491146,0.00006031742,0.0025594623,0.006829139,0.000294753,0.009962806,0.00003561919],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000022385082,0.000005770999,0.00010971109,0.00027213703,0.000006255545,5.0818477e-7,0.089400075,2.5887292e-7,6.7096056e-7,0.9071781,0.00069884944,0.0023052797],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007619941,0.0000123483715,0.000022420982,0.00023249103,0.000006452257,0.000007205727,0.0019648713,0.0000026734494,0.000007361376,0.4678115,0.52966845,0.00018802819],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00012851307,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00230932,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6638759,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007920823,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0012127674,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999554},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4283209815","doi":"10.1016/j.dib.2022.108405","title":"Dataset of the effect of difficulty messaging on academic cheating in middle school Chinese children","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Data in Brief","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Cheating; Academic dishonesty; Psychology; Test (biology); Social psychology; Logistic regression; Developmental psychology; Statistics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.02541380733969296,"score_gpt":0.328697765891789,"score_spread":0.30328395855209606,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4283209815","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9863445,0.00012423753,0.0000017536324,0.00065403973,0.00010166132,0.00032788166,0.011567126,0.0000066168773,0.0008721586],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9956374,0.000031071162,0.000017230936,0.0002264806,0.00006659089,0.0000123077425,0.003979102,0.000005312113,0.000024495817],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99764854,0.0010069938,0.00034800483,0.0002548771,0.0005244161,0.0002171542],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998602,0.0006452398,0.00018862227,0.00052264455,0.0000070193114,0.00003449117],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004885019,0.000090959205,0.00021390997,0.00007482928,0.0002232818,0.000008068967,0.0018234898,0.00016597298,0.00015975429],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0031687117,0.00006557718,0.000026071866,0.00062818226,0.00015007492,0.00023068747,0.0009048116,0.0023177683,0.0000027321196],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000049680522,0.00003178077,0.9856032,0.000020454085,0.000008410794,0.0000011735865,0.0026264312,0.00019372412,0.00024364331,0.00041146725,0.009921432,0.0008885889],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010954842,0.000072470095,0.9809377,0.00026626902,0.000019403573,0.0000033592744,0.0021248756,0.00077378063,0.00055753294,0.00028034573,0.013664568,0.00020416528],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.028815571,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0015431069,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.027272465,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008965669,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008774589,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999839},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4283704156","doi":"10.1177/01655515221097623","title":"Do retraction practices work effectively? Evidence from citations of psychological retracted articles","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Information Science","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"National Social Science Fund of China; Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China","keywords":"Citation; Credibility; Quality (philosophy); Psychology; Inference; Web of science; Process (computing); Computer science; MEDLINE; World Wide Web; Political science; Law","score_opus":0.09565337181427233,"score_gpt":0.42321451935441334,"score_spread":0.327561147540141,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4283704156","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9875714,0.00008106076,0.0038167692,0.0027504363,0.001033919,0.00011573362,0.000007217382,0.000011874991,0.00461158],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9956241,0.00015307794,0.0038733813,0.00021250903,0.00011567967,0.0000030487686,7.5350175e-7,0.0000010831568,0.000016358095],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9966473,0.00049805624,0.00062646565,0.00008125265,0.0019839916,0.00016292816],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9939916,0.0020103322,0.0026815527,0.00009941132,0.0011162836,0.00010082949],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0142042,0.00005335016,0.00012461608,0.00037062084,0.0009486826,0.00016492944,0.0006367729,0.00013974709,0.00050804176],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02875283,0.000045041492,0.000061473205,0.0023187804,0.0004764455,0.009855596,0.000050929662,0.0015101377,0.000016556256],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.002224311,0.00062007224,0.1937134,0.00003393719,0.00007904367,0.000015185299,0.49381346,0.0047389953,0.03737299,0.03401929,0.0231798,0.21018954],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005088668,0.0008146914,0.857434,0.0002517309,0.000053292897,0.000056428464,0.10253419,0.0005857137,0.0031142775,0.010454503,0.023955097,0.00023723436],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003056212,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008619556,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6637206,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023679914,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00043435243,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9794284},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["metaresearch","bibliometrics","research_integrity"],"domain":"evaluation","study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"medium"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["metaresearch","bibliometrics","research_integrity"],"domain":"evaluation","study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"}],"label_agreement":"agree"},{"id":"W4290739321","doi":"10.55057/ijares.2022.4.2.8","title":"Academic Dishonesty in Online Assessment from Tertiary Students’ Perspective","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Advanced Research in Education and Society","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Tertiary institution; Academic dishonesty; Commit; Medical education; Institution; Higher education; Tertiary care; Quarter (Canadian coin); Psychology; Online assessment; Academic institution; Medicine; Mathematics education; Computer science; Political science; Social psychology; Family medicine; Library science","score_opus":0.049134405836265965,"score_gpt":0.519339543474008,"score_spread":0.4702051376377421,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4290739321","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9609066,0.0011447103,0.000039576928,0.03533932,0.0013502917,0.0001405417,0.000026925494,0.0000034097154,0.0010485774],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9901268,0.006619467,0.001400885,0.00085195224,0.0006327151,0.000018860712,0.000014738589,0.0000047821127,0.00032981398],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9967599,0.0007900905,0.00034596326,0.00015394625,0.0017534941,0.00019658823],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984655,0.00061764754,0.00015336192,0.0000480065,0.00062033255,0.000095151525],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004617752,0.000057314774,0.00011293328,0.00022830167,0.0002604205,0.00004769111,0.0007002351,0.00012463976,0.00018061003],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00046531484,0.00005747397,0.00006228977,0.00032022025,0.00023782179,0.00042614734,0.00019112277,0.004056475,7.147212e-7],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014975687,0.0022183605,0.45074746,0.000005593885,0.000103389284,0.000034095392,0.46944377,0.0007416725,0.0006658196,0.019289885,0.0056279446,0.050972246],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00052525883,0.000032144097,0.21127729,0.00006964074,0.0000019395209,0.000006538689,0.72775024,0.00007848257,0.000008792941,0.03732423,0.022864996,0.000060418803],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00328291,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00038389547,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.25830647,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0024074556,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0016444433,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9982412},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4291899447","doi":"10.1007/s43545-022-00468-8","title":"Academic freedom, the impact agenda, and pressures to publish: understanding the driving forces in higher education","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SN Social Sciences","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Fonds de Recherche du Québec-Société et Culture","keywords":"Publish or perish; Academic freedom; Publication; Impartiality; Political science; Public relations; Accountability; Higher education; Function (biology); Sociology; Law and economics; Law; Publishing","score_opus":0.1316843744306501,"score_gpt":0.39959903352392984,"score_spread":0.2679146590932797,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4291899447","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.49262366,0.0013653173,0.000060279952,0.23191065,0.002479213,0.00078676105,0.000018295013,0.000054004257,0.27070183],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9958266,0.00003762031,0.000014808862,0.0014416076,0.00089136965,0.000052102525,0.0000013306565,0.0000037254474,0.0017308304],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.99761355,0.000759821,0.00016469686,0.00023859,0.0007911105,0.00043221083],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990947,0.0006534671,0.00010845176,0.00006083312,0.00002618131,0.0000563422],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0064211586,0.000089437424,0.000103746905,0.0001081232,0.007104424,0.00040337938,0.0010207006,0.0001592574,0.00086108013],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00040328022,0.00005384244,0.00004865128,0.0013398335,0.0011712017,0.0005969821,0.00025232276,0.0011335602,0.0000022425845],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000071342156,0.000015235622,0.035515822,0.0000019011964,0.000009097274,3.243672e-7,0.19320416,0.00025470907,0.000051195773,0.6641551,0.1035634,0.0032219219],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00010056958,0.000058998852,0.07488344,0.000019020747,0.000016198863,0.0000016046306,0.4121062,0.00014249382,0.0000052893233,0.29915565,0.21326016,0.00025040345],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.016677713,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004670592,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.503203,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00036414125,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00064614095,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9941882},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4296193289","doi":"10.1007/s10805-022-09458-0","title":"Contract Cheating in Iran: An Overview of Key Issues and a Call to Action","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Academic Ethics","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Scholarship; Legislation; Action (physics); Accountability; Exploratory research; Public relations; Call to action; Business; Political science; Qualitative research; Sociology; Psychology; Marketing; Social psychology; Law; Social science","score_opus":0.2809573541461012,"score_gpt":0.49572716345924545,"score_spread":0.21476980931314427,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4296193289","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9456647,0.005907581,0.00007193893,0.04716543,0.0003440411,0.00011816015,0.0000072027656,0.000006569669,0.000714353],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98170525,0.013908311,0.0006143388,0.0031707361,0.00044203582,0.0000017229263,5.6225235e-7,0.000006206158,0.0001508313],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99700916,0.0012839062,0.000569681,0.00009810099,0.0008508418,0.00018828259],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981013,0.0011174574,0.00044894018,0.000047921458,0.00015148873,0.00013288647],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.016932696,0.000069250935,0.000262699,0.00015261523,0.0002950739,0.000013576442,0.00030979727,0.0007901354,0.00009010485],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004146119,0.000067326146,0.000047399542,0.00028603495,0.000108442604,0.0003972987,0.000058097245,0.011326996,6.8197147e-7],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003331511,0.00009609534,0.048572782,0.00016455038,0.00004462889,0.000029706922,0.84787446,0.00067274243,0.013910487,0.06448742,0.002882865,0.020931104],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0018653934,0.0014156466,0.05155358,0.001643856,0.00013735367,0.00025622552,0.2248606,0.0010336296,0.0022368657,0.06800073,0.64632833,0.00066781015],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0043551573,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009462044,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6434455,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001748187,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00035537014,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9909539},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4296369701","doi":"10.1186/s41073-022-00125-x","title":"Reducing the Inadvertent Spread of Retracted Science: recommendations from the RISRS report","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Research Integrity and Peer Review","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Lethbridge","funders":"Alfred P. Sloan Foundation","keywords":"Stakeholder; Public relations; Publishing; Scholarship; Stakeholder engagement; Political science; Process (computing); Business; Computer science; Law","score_opus":0.21980025304315598,"score_gpt":0.48366776668941147,"score_spread":0.2638675136462555,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4296369701","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"commentary","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.019943886,0.039227854,0.000035645935,0.88663924,0.0006741802,0.0013145587,0.00022588446,0.000029489598,0.051909257],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7855555,0.1947933,0.00037548057,0.0040962724,0.0006412353,0.0002655303,0.0001762487,0.000015044845,0.014081431],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99109817,0.00384307,0.00050636276,0.00035502904,0.0037308773,0.00046647925],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99378735,0.0034092653,0.00022619813,0.0005654085,0.0018615774,0.00015022648],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["metaresearch"],"category_scores_codex":[0.092481695,0.00008778732,0.0002318003,0.0000798831,0.0053594466,0.0001226527,0.0013830116,0.00014560699,0.002433873],"category_scores_gemma":[0.033813626,0.00005082109,0.000090893096,0.0018644484,0.0022092175,0.00025016454,0.0005500783,0.008083642,0.0000104933115],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000017534127,0.00008717434,0.0011601526,0.00010553071,0.0000387376,0.000017003851,0.02160889,7.2350997e-7,0.00011156238,0.062135547,0.79947096,0.11524618],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000040951254,0.000029211227,0.0013339471,0.00065182697,0.000022889435,0.000024451441,0.014690228,0.000035923615,0.00003869072,0.007895649,0.9751678,0.000068405425],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.08705031,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014031483,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.88254297,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002524123,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0014739886,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99847806},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4296472389","doi":"10.1007/s40979-022-00116-x","title":"Recommendations for a balanced approach to supporting academic integrity: perspectives from a survey of students, faculty, and tutors","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Educational Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Athabasca University","funders":"Athabasca University","keywords":"Academic integrity; Cheating; Misconduct; Academic dishonesty; Context (archaeology); Research integrity; Medical education; Psychology; Scientific misconduct; Higher education; Data integrity; Public relations; Computer science; Political science; Medicine; Computer security; Social psychology","score_opus":0.14962581725922944,"score_gpt":0.4894700086381741,"score_spread":0.3398441913789446,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4296472389","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8122433,0.00036797125,0.021927131,0.14428003,0.006714214,0.0015188304,0.011670983,0.000037766968,0.0012397944],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9730871,0.00013091108,0.020218454,0.001213087,0.0013589986,0.000389096,0.001632917,0.00001951088,0.0019499523],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99695635,0.00052852917,0.0007209242,0.00037569756,0.0011022968,0.0003162003],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9943388,0.0024689233,0.0005614846,0.000088276945,0.0023158062,0.00022667494],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0066658766,0.00016421307,0.00028018528,0.00030610434,0.0011033028,0.00016794955,0.0012932093,0.00024847657,0.00043485433],"category_scores_gemma":[0.009310689,0.00016856547,0.00016687709,0.0002638881,0.00016564818,0.0004699636,0.00022127309,0.0028429222,0.0000022495676],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0010081419,0.0016944952,0.20070934,0.00001852674,0.0008282685,5.590678e-7,0.14614333,0.00007894313,0.00026562036,0.40753782,0.23347759,0.008237368],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0021218895,0.00027038142,0.18163866,0.0001380357,0.000108477485,0.000054106607,0.27432013,0.0007734892,0.00012616662,0.17474277,0.36504504,0.00066085707],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.012771797,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005894418,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.23279503,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008937101,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0014905174,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99945754},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4296762334","doi":"10.31222/osf.io/9we43","title":"Reducing the residue of retractions in evidence synthesis: Ways to minimize inappropriate citation and use of retracted data","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"Alfred P. Sloan Foundation","keywords":"Citation; Systematic review; Medical literature; MEDLINE; Evidence-based medicine; Computer science; Data science; Psychology; Medicine; Political science; Library science; Law","score_opus":0.22844322040221862,"score_gpt":0.375603707732273,"score_spread":0.14716048733005435,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4296762334","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9426847,0.0008177468,0.00660841,0.033487942,0.0013378098,0.0023517944,0.00077295786,0.000083780295,0.011854861],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9798866,0.0030179902,0.016288236,0.0001219849,0.000111776004,0.00006390469,0.000038484646,0.000011154698,0.0004598987],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99691486,0.0010917243,0.0006319426,0.00048371204,0.00068638916,0.00019134961],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9914005,0.0070432904,0.0004949914,0.0007947012,0.00020897963,0.000057570665],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.008972097,0.0001245695,0.00031725207,0.00023291825,0.00026696688,0.00006637063,0.001060382,0.00080222427,0.0003382382],"category_scores_gemma":[0.04315015,0.00010314944,0.000040293464,0.00059501105,0.00024516086,0.0005256702,0.0010463048,0.0028833863,0.0000012235738],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0026156649,0.0006860111,0.040032223,0.00209702,0.0006249624,0.00003211007,0.6033602,0.007182035,0.011499291,0.18833958,0.08976488,0.05376603],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00065179524,0.00024696137,0.5360218,0.014880001,0.0012287803,0.000011535643,0.32097235,0.012268806,0.009549164,0.06992623,0.03194428,0.0022982387],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.118684284,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008108946,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.49598962,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013000522,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006048046,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999417},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4297154381","doi":"10.1177/15562646221128418","title":"Contract Cheating and Ghostwriting among University Students in Health Specialties","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Empirical Research on Human Research Ethics","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia Hospital","funders":"King Fahad Medical City","keywords":"Cheating; Academic integrity; Misconduct; Psychology; Medical education; Health care; Perception; Family medicine; Medicine; Political science; Social psychology; Law","score_opus":0.6172843851496437,"score_gpt":0.6464755528501215,"score_spread":0.029191167700477805,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4297154381","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9295661,0.00038023974,0.000010527019,0.056660186,0.00008562976,0.00037149948,0.000007879283,0.000008327388,0.0129096545],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99501294,0.0019403587,0.00006682127,0.00044355006,0.0005131935,0.000002362919,0.0000010280677,0.0000108880895,0.0020088835],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.95718265,0.03101488,0.00063236733,0.00029479578,0.009657891,0.0012173966],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.97410345,0.02335016,0.00024387758,0.00014155696,0.0015296655,0.00063129334],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["metaresearch"],"category_scores_codex":[0.20447089,0.00009417593,0.00033395513,0.0014148151,0.0074473964,0.00026594297,0.0012858923,0.00045896546,0.00041467109],"category_scores_gemma":[0.033661623,0.00009463511,0.00007835409,0.0015245306,0.0025989718,0.00034180097,0.00080234295,0.039098244,0.000004611789],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000819303,0.0008857376,0.48604387,0.00016119727,0.000058801736,0.0011635406,0.28385252,0.000118287375,0.00007120327,0.20035616,0.021181863,0.0052875075],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0016353369,0.002847053,0.17253469,0.0007482301,0.0000029306132,0.000012391808,0.5420073,0.00014117856,0.000015516891,0.03080103,0.24903613,0.00021821103],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.013363221,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006457297,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3135092,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0026790514,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0037028154,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99384475},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4297199072","doi":"10.1007/s40979-022-00111-2","title":"Proactive learner empowerment: towards a transformative academic integrity approach for English language learners","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Educational Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"The Scarborough Hospital; University of Toronto","funders":"University of Toronto Scarborough","keywords":"Psychology; Mathematics education; Thematic analysis; Higher education; Pedagogy; Academic integrity; Sociology; Qualitative research; Social psychology; Political science","score_opus":0.04923907067262269,"score_gpt":0.4019488676779118,"score_spread":0.35270979700528915,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4297199072","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.3241035,0.0019634534,0.17678894,0.27060598,0.052767232,0.008995719,0.007852443,0.00047694,0.1564458],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9628151,0.00025287492,0.01100704,0.0026767808,0.006971222,0.001496283,0.0010925017,0.000047001467,0.013641196],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99595785,0.00066016096,0.0007015437,0.00043874895,0.001645887,0.0005957842],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9961233,0.0010255114,0.00046228935,0.000120336,0.00198039,0.0002881653],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0060482207,0.00027755022,0.0003131658,0.0003942804,0.0020518498,0.00023794062,0.0016568481,0.0005288158,0.001422399],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0045226584,0.00026978663,0.00051253766,0.0002920607,0.00034993366,0.0012941125,0.00011163659,0.008479142,0.000008710235],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0015428717,0.0009948907,0.0009436702,0.000033926495,0.00080850325,0.0000028146856,0.4047009,0.00036031863,0.00015323207,0.4611961,0.10706784,0.022194909],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0014461905,0.00022629034,0.000339826,0.00003711426,0.00008735208,0.00008910532,0.3914139,0.0013442684,0.00036155625,0.06389035,0.5402559,0.00050817546],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0012968195,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006378683,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.63871163,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0023480784,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0034991137,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99997544},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4297239246","doi":"10.32920/21206825.v1","title":"Mad and disabled realities within academic integrity at the university level of education","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Ableism; Academic integrity; Thematic analysis; Psychology; Learning disability; Special education; Inclusion (mineral); Intellectual disability; Higher education; Pedagogy; Medical education; Mathematics education; Sociology; Qualitative research; Social psychology; Medicine; Political science; Developmental psychology; Social science; Gender studies","score_opus":0.1216151785911701,"score_gpt":0.3537352812084954,"score_spread":0.2321201026173253,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4297239246","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.54074526,0.00062159623,0.00028093994,0.028052878,0.0017265236,0.00065617217,0.00055376685,0.0000706903,0.4272922],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.70857674,0.003733285,0.00034500766,0.00041033534,0.00021051378,0.000007285329,0.00009898988,0.0000075337666,0.2866103],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9979083,0.0009660171,0.00023181477,0.00028551646,0.00043540346,0.00017292937],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987661,0.00054443016,0.00028178096,0.00022193478,0.00011454002,0.00007120172],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0031179735,0.00013143003,0.00021657888,0.00006336242,0.00090902223,0.000019053192,0.0006986583,0.0011467739,0.0021374235],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005532669,0.00010414815,0.00007398723,0.00014261366,0.0009539296,0.00011124023,0.0011771799,0.005868813,0.000006192166],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000055384047,0.000025130681,0.008294427,0.00009454534,0.00004242782,4.265201e-7,0.10920061,0.000024115137,0.000016827693,0.8118388,0.068418786,0.001988491],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000119593766,0.000016480868,0.005939911,0.00014499547,0.00010975433,0.000002334335,0.42813468,0.000076440825,0.00015098827,0.18912672,0.37585303,0.00032507375],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.13705507,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.020918015,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.62271214,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00057396793,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0017349767,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99877477},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4297360118","doi":"10.32920/21206825","title":"Mad and disabled realities within academic integrity at the university level of education","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Ableism; Thematic analysis; Psychology; Higher education; Learning disability; Special education; Inclusion (mineral); Learning development; Pedagogy; Medical education; Mathematics education; Sociology; Qualitative research; Social psychology; Medicine; Political science; Developmental psychology; Social science; Gender studies","score_opus":0.1216151785911701,"score_gpt":0.3537352812084954,"score_spread":0.2321201026173253,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4297360118","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.54074526,0.00062159623,0.00028093994,0.028052878,0.0017265236,0.00065617217,0.00055376685,0.0000706903,0.4272922],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.70857674,0.003733285,0.00034500766,0.00041033534,0.00021051378,0.000007285329,0.00009898988,0.0000075337666,0.2866103],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9979083,0.0009660171,0.00023181477,0.00028551646,0.00043540346,0.00017292937],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987661,0.00054443016,0.00028178096,0.00022193478,0.00011454002,0.00007120172],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0031179735,0.00013143003,0.00021657888,0.00006336242,0.00090902223,0.000019053192,0.0006986583,0.0011467739,0.0021374235],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005532669,0.00010414815,0.00007398723,0.00014261366,0.0009539296,0.00011124023,0.0011771799,0.005868813,0.000006192166],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000055384047,0.000025130681,0.008294427,0.00009454534,0.00004242782,4.265201e-7,0.10920061,0.000024115137,0.000016827693,0.8118388,0.068418786,0.001988491],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000119593766,0.000016480868,0.005939911,0.00014499547,0.00010975433,0.000002334335,0.42813468,0.000076440825,0.00015098827,0.18912672,0.37585303,0.00032507375],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.13705507,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.020918015,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.62271214,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00057396793,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0017349767,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99877477},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4299317727","doi":"10.3138/jsp.39.4.323","title":"Authorial Ethics: How Writers Abuse Their Calling","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Scholarly Publishing","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Carelessness; Biomedicine; Misconduct; Sociology; Scientific misconduct; Psychology; Law; Political science; Medicine","score_opus":0.11633681026487577,"score_gpt":0.3203336666959573,"score_spread":0.20399685643108154,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4299317727","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7669279,0.0015489791,0.008209701,0.19697388,0.007288369,0.00014065862,0.000012080595,0.0000804444,0.018817991],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9784751,0.0019637283,0.005516609,0.002946198,0.009803354,8.441128e-7,0.0000021319386,0.000019012721,0.0012730125],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9954372,0.0012421167,0.00053566234,0.00017581269,0.002128663,0.00048052237],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9944363,0.001601438,0.0007067397,0.00013639742,0.002676673,0.00044241376],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts","scholarly_communication","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["scholarly_communication","research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.026309319,0.00014562812,0.0003026761,0.0003523349,0.001871591,0.014939959,0.0014388188,0.001992515,0.00008157698],"category_scores_gemma":[0.037241183,0.00012049216,0.00024066359,0.00052134047,0.00030316468,0.079078674,0.000056014076,0.02009512,0.000008210199],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016615095,0.000099197685,0.019605134,0.000024059738,0.0002019438,0.00039741496,0.76021135,0.00005339667,0.0018268322,0.05431543,0.15331599,0.009783125],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006916687,0.00008158137,0.0013462491,0.00025208437,0.000032705724,0.00020615998,0.05367833,0.000041066876,0.00021320365,0.009330636,0.93384755,0.0002787852],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00087827246,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00016003328,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7805315,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003032542,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0013212182,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99942786},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4299513045","doi":"","title":"Cosmetovigilance and Global Approaches","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"DergiPark (Istanbul University)","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science","score_opus":0.03385463288398703,"score_gpt":0.23432102010800257,"score_spread":0.20046638722401555,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4299513045","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.13755552,0.00020022846,0.011568461,0.009588919,0.00019890182,0.0001503138,0.0000633623,0.0001532904,0.840521],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9749088,0.0004796079,0.00071950536,0.00014465845,0.00010443194,2.5615574e-7,0.0000015224613,0.000003672711,0.023637487],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990408,0.00018034934,0.00007023689,0.00023016044,0.00019887816,0.00027960222],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994483,0.0001957483,0.000051232997,0.000105388805,0.000047109694,0.00015222793],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00035751468,0.00008707574,0.00011314921,0.000048888727,0.00042950053,0.00002862711,0.00026840312,0.00029295593,0.00011237372],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016806499,0.00007422348,0.000037603888,0.00030796064,0.0005378845,0.0003226333,0.00006289809,0.00017679618,0.000045457597],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004473538,0.000016780128,0.011149159,0.0000042528636,0.00001803697,0.000035433164,0.0015954591,3.8945504e-7,0.000017722867,0.9733758,0.0059156585,0.007826577],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00037671553,0.000013279695,0.0019531823,0.000021722548,0.000016040412,0.0000032074247,0.006521572,0.000005868639,0.000025603851,0.010267171,0.98064345,0.00015215907],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00053728325,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011568756,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9747278,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024005969,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013396965,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.33034143},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4304471806","doi":"10.1016/j.jecp.2022.105566","title":"Academic cheating interferes with learning among middle school children","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Experimental Child Psychology","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Cheating; Psychology; Test (biology); Naturalism; Developmental psychology; Naturalistic observation; Social psychology; Academic achievement; Mathematics education","score_opus":0.024610111672265966,"score_gpt":0.34300190882142206,"score_spread":0.3183917971491561,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4304471806","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.93436515,0.0029876563,0.000083319486,0.0021001287,0.0006240236,0.00014499186,0.0000023185785,0.000026772459,0.059665617],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9967069,0.00014504493,0.00023624937,0.0015087995,0.0009565776,0.000009462357,0.0000033910826,0.000018290772,0.00041527647],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.99765474,0.0007829811,0.0004556838,0.00020348144,0.0005393165,0.00036378193],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990122,0.00009504586,0.00054252334,0.000091050395,0.000055936118,0.00020328486],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0016522319,0.00014033979,0.00026020088,0.00019503795,0.0011537109,0.000030203195,0.0006358685,0.00027830954,0.0024760766],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000172781,0.0001243476,0.000111632515,0.00024254355,0.00032671122,0.0003151991,0.000106670734,0.006066073,0.000015147398],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0016346656,0.0006216588,0.8238817,0.0000063217294,0.00046488512,0.00011929951,0.13774115,0.00039217342,0.0079009505,0.006950742,0.015504271,0.00478218],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.008792876,0.008881544,0.38270763,0.00075195916,0.0001705819,0.005679879,0.44234332,0.000065308406,0.010779676,0.001674863,0.1365112,0.0016411416],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00034968805,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000017523764,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4411741,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021630943,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010034729,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9984358},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4308314465","doi":"10.1007/s10639-022-11365-1","title":"Developing a comprehensive plagiarism assessment rubric","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Education and Information Technologies","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Rubric; Likert scale; Psychology; Categorization; Paraphrase; Mathematics education; Writing assessment; Plagiarism detection; Computer science; Medical education; Medicine; Information retrieval; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.023286801803039932,"score_gpt":0.328594484222961,"score_spread":0.30530768241992107,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4308314465","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.3233856,0.0017719032,0.02553642,0.28472427,0.004535568,0.0015473361,0.000045451718,0.0031651396,0.3552883],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98613685,0.0011037097,0.008549163,0.00334717,0.000036239944,0.00018227834,0.00006394166,0.0000026237158,0.0005780125],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992705,0.000080916834,0.00018375301,0.00006814743,0.00025973746,0.00013691693],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999567,0.000083607716,0.00012867425,0.00007750427,0.0001235717,0.000019695975],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00048079138,0.000059535603,0.00007034398,0.00024384206,0.0013351947,0.00008879339,0.00020096342,0.0001996748,0.00014471386],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00022996213,0.00006242244,0.000015134265,0.00036478823,0.00013969751,0.0011412419,0.00013306951,0.0008060745,0.00002054095],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000012944578,0.000010469284,0.00045895408,0.0000074134878,0.0000036750148,4.1369475e-8,0.01107871,0.000004538921,0.0000036845452,0.7660672,0.016633404,0.2057306],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000043982724,0.000010593949,0.0015094331,0.000004354924,0.0000018232663,0.000002997639,0.26946318,0.000050510564,0.00003213104,0.016021674,0.71279126,0.000068040245],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00041147336,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008119597,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.75004554,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00027811818,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007493325,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99996495},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre":"methods","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"methods","study_design":"design_other","genre":"methods","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W4310004579","doi":"10.2234/foo.bar","title":"Get help from us if you need to buy NCLEX-RN / PN License online [whatsapp: +40701109757]","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Live streaming; Advertising; Geography; Business; Computer science; Multimedia","score_opus":0.03870729543076251,"score_gpt":0.28476563776767216,"score_spread":0.24605834233690965,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4310004579","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.62862504,0.00048708814,0.004630083,0.042457942,0.0010274377,0.0010155117,0.002700663,0.0018176934,0.31723854],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9262589,0.0015230436,0.0041261837,0.009028589,0.0039810617,1.8120863e-7,0.0093334075,0.0022693707,0.043479227],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99652374,0.0011112113,0.00033829006,0.00058263075,0.00081258715,0.0006315448],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99776614,0.00011787964,0.00010793104,0.00046333685,0.001052988,0.00049174106],"candidate_categories":["sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0014027149,0.00018225852,0.00022930793,0.00016707099,0.0031327133,0.00094610924,0.0012674397,0.00037104223,0.03538511],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003839678,0.00020385375,0.000086726475,0.0010540922,0.00024844563,0.0003717478,0.0011054946,0.0011214311,0.016976273],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00020283839,0.00048329038,0.00012501991,0.000033310575,0.00013800032,0.00018040222,0.057663646,0.00011565867,0.010166808,0.016144508,0.80549556,0.10925097],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003319657,0.00007778501,0.0008386605,0.00004470837,0.000021098067,0.000017047334,0.012540184,0.0001298714,0.0005781274,0.00067607104,0.98449653,0.00024796327],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0019371508,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006778914,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2976339,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00026750477,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000038082493,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9981651},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4310102553","doi":"10.29173/iasl8548","title":"Academic Integrity Policy and Instruction in K-12 schools in Australia, Canada, England and the United States","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IASL Annual Conference Proceedings","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Scope (computer science); Academic integrity; Political science; Literacy; Medical education; Mathematics education; Pedagogy; Psychology; Medicine; Library science; Computer science","score_opus":0.03339851425578779,"score_gpt":0.30649959515383984,"score_spread":0.2731010808980521,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4310102553","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9777095,0.00006215042,0.0000034121879,0.021269104,0.00008648632,0.00029051956,0.000061257255,0.000018151677,0.0004994739],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976291,0.0005317551,0.000020830084,0.00089361507,0.0001286407,0.000046330355,0.000011765004,0.0000047176295,0.00073322986],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984698,0.00019955724,0.0002789231,0.00025517683,0.00041125691,0.00038528192],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993422,0.00022653295,0.000112446825,0.000033964425,0.00016815313,0.00011669143],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002544933,0.00013075254,0.0001990325,0.00025617031,0.0004664879,0.000101726786,0.0003058057,0.0002867422,0.000051914823],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001489913,0.00010911782,0.000012270364,0.00070648675,0.00045693555,0.00042399458,0.00016870798,0.0047173854,5.8990634e-7],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00022389126,0.0000103486,0.24275592,0.000023043634,0.000007430586,0.0000036799413,0.6632867,0.0000063787056,0.000010265651,0.089601725,0.0012660542,0.002804591],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0021559414,0.000055795896,0.051432803,0.00007792386,0.000010075546,0.00002737344,0.75314003,0.00087187544,0.000024271532,0.109793365,0.08211017,0.00030039545],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9672581,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.6872232,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.28003487,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00036345125,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009298876,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9975788},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4312565931","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-12680-2_5","title":"Leveraging College Copyright Ownership Against File-Sharing and Contract Cheating Websites","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba; University of Calgary; Assiniboine Community College","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Academic integrity; File sharing; Reputation; Leverage (statistics); Misconduct; Framing (construction); Copyright infringement; Academic dishonesty; Copying; Internet privacy; Business; The Internet; World Wide Web; Computer science; Political science; Law; Engineering; Library science; Psychology","score_opus":0.03931286260322881,"score_gpt":0.2690168979898697,"score_spread":0.22970403538664091,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4312565931","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00026911442,0.0006668358,0.000022511045,0.0018205567,0.00037311084,0.00036546317,0.00044314848,0.00017752234,0.9958617],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.021279128,0.00096501573,0.00035288354,0.0020167392,0.000901282,0.000019848683,0.0002793999,0.00005062046,0.9741351],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9977685,0.000095324096,0.00040175917,0.00056630065,0.0006728745,0.00049520464],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99803025,0.001228269,0.000272623,0.00018011451,0.00008851162,0.00020022334],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0017940387,0.00033136175,0.00046456372,0.00015599286,0.0018219962,0.00015228054,0.000467096,0.0011934673,0.12049338],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004242473,0.0003123231,0.000140474,0.00005965442,0.00031208963,0.00030160148,0.00022779699,0.003400681,0.00014450308],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015995223,0.00000681468,0.00034103388,0.00004172676,0.00009412265,0.00007547454,0.008242248,0.0000026675111,0.000011804028,0.90737355,0.08094544,0.0028491272],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00016778515,0.0000147668525,0.000017111346,0.00021539985,0.00003980543,0.0000054670654,0.003152466,0.00043568548,0.000008395549,0.019820385,0.975651,0.00047169538],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0024070672,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000882434,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8947056,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00033981077,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00029372334,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999329},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4313036598","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-12680-2","title":"Contract Cheating in Higher Education","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"book","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":35,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Assiniboine Community College; University of Manitoba; University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Business; Psychology; Social psychology","score_opus":0.04163114012021338,"score_gpt":0.32916185636547723,"score_spread":0.28753071624526383,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4313036598","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00003070757,0.00046492688,0.0000014300566,0.0055114743,0.001588416,0.00019529481,0.0000055689247,0.00004200703,0.9921602],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0023773347,0.00014355163,0.00006622025,0.002474875,0.0014086977,0.000024682862,0.00006972686,0.000009614498,0.9934253],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99895495,0.0001653135,0.0001840597,0.00016643495,0.00034470658,0.00018454311],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99944234,0.00030590923,0.000097578355,0.00007258107,0.000035289762,0.000046293542],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011669998,0.00008867321,0.0001509879,0.00008751843,0.00023555853,0.000029399378,0.00023710197,0.0009677044,0.10049718],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012525238,0.00009262991,0.00004822986,0.000074696465,0.00006505368,0.00009509865,0.000030055055,0.0024779032,0.00012462518],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000016569826,0.000013431652,0.000112066446,0.000005829846,0.0000036700767,0.0000011732468,0.0034972783,4.167237e-7,5.189865e-7,0.6797918,0.3086383,0.007933833],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003393307,0.0000041761687,0.00017383233,0.000035825553,0.000005529594,2.1887118e-7,0.0010105165,0.0000014664612,3.436863e-7,0.03701292,0.9616077,0.00011352011],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.011425867,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0021334619,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6529694,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00083531125,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002877384,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998234},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4313360125","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-16976-2","title":"Academic Integrity: Broadening Practices, Technologies, and the Role of Students","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"book","venue":"Ethics and integrity in educational contexts","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Universität Konstanz; Universidade do Porto; Deakin University; University of Wollongong; Swansea University; Imperial College London; Université du Québec en Outaouais; University of Leeds; University of Derby; University of Nicosia; Rīgas Tehniskā Universitāte; Coventry University; Univerza v Mariboru; University of Northampton; Oxford Brookes University; Helsingin Yliopisto; University of Southern Queensland; City University of Hong Kong","keywords":"Academic integrity; Political science; Business; Engineering ethics; Engineering","score_opus":0.06557327742908904,"score_gpt":0.41228749894700717,"score_spread":0.34671422151791814,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4313360125","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.014264524,0.14073573,0.000014370136,0.3199442,0.0022088052,0.0022612659,0.00031353635,0.00012043311,0.52013713],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.54078406,0.11247169,0.0004213781,0.003281894,0.001131589,0.000330114,0.00023107132,0.000059454156,0.34128875],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99498916,0.0019689552,0.0007205918,0.0005063458,0.0014755293,0.00033941428],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.98326814,0.014776726,0.0011831906,0.000247716,0.00044149804,0.00008273455],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.017686157,0.00028695574,0.00056698296,0.00029032366,0.0010510884,0.00012503049,0.0013076226,0.003942752,0.0003474148],"category_scores_gemma":[0.03561366,0.00023519559,0.00009500671,0.00023250554,0.0031590299,0.00030080698,0.00061788276,0.053012334,0.0000056943277],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000086394386,0.00005193523,0.005237569,0.0000625642,0.0000641547,9.1314257e-7,0.06281078,1.4398573e-7,0.000002929247,0.9120609,0.008170411,0.01145129],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00027187067,0.00002165278,0.00042498735,0.00032499887,0.000040692896,0.00000743431,0.05200438,0.0000096223375,0.0000029863386,0.462253,0.48447388,0.00016450505],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.015179682,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0059756236,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.52651954,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00047023874,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0057759406,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998604},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4313366520","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-16922-9_6","title":"Starting from a Place of Academic Integrity: Building Trust with Online Students","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Ethics and integrity in educational contexts","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Formative assessment; Class (philosophy); Punitive damages; Online course; Work (physics); Online learning; Space (punctuation); Mathematics education; Focus (optics); Psychology; Engineering ethics; Computer science; Pedagogy; Engineering; World Wide Web; Political science","score_opus":0.08231776926750739,"score_gpt":0.405387443754204,"score_spread":0.3230696744866966,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4313366520","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.54416037,0.012871429,0.0001359901,0.18610524,0.0030530456,0.0019176449,0.0032866716,0.000102941165,0.24836667],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8017209,0.013392787,0.0033042082,0.008414713,0.0024593566,0.00007956991,0.0010156699,0.0001171613,0.1694956],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9957748,0.0006420891,0.000847616,0.0006082033,0.0017626515,0.0003646224],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9922895,0.006177507,0.0006737369,0.0002199773,0.00045054985,0.00018873627],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0064437967,0.0003696659,0.0006411323,0.00030685894,0.00068602693,0.00007342967,0.00089678855,0.0028536436,0.0021447043],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004658868,0.0003590337,0.00010686018,0.00013214324,0.0009539488,0.00030498335,0.00026449058,0.039016195,0.000007056292],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015177579,0.0001319631,0.011809877,0.00006005188,0.00012017682,0.000004796876,0.06556324,0.0000036397532,0.000016970316,0.9171808,0.0024389762,0.0025177517],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00059595174,0.00014353564,0.0031309924,0.002420923,0.00010474393,0.0000022683753,0.02273114,0.00004186783,0.000012519103,0.6812797,0.28887174,0.00066462747],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.032537624,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.023083145,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.28643274,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00061128853,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.004054797,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99988616},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4313366584","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-16922-9_1","title":"Ethics in Teacher Training: An Overview","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Ethics and integrity in educational contexts","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Training (meteorology); Medical education; Psychology; Pedagogy; Mathematics education; Engineering ethics; Geography; Engineering; Medicine; Meteorology","score_opus":0.2940200463575872,"score_gpt":0.4520516851419079,"score_spread":0.1580316387843207,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4313366584","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0012101624,0.010393925,0.0000039472447,0.16219252,0.0013826791,0.00042493283,0.000117669086,0.000026918327,0.82424724],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.18493347,0.04361713,0.00035400622,0.017772572,0.0023328403,0.0001247507,0.00059380825,0.00008719726,0.75018424],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99560016,0.0017002092,0.00061023433,0.00057637994,0.0011304584,0.0003825401],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9939102,0.0050976286,0.0002338334,0.00022207956,0.00033450415,0.00020176877],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.017981322,0.0003079907,0.00047360704,0.00032012854,0.0008161328,0.000104116545,0.00056603976,0.004908797,0.009719792],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0077059893,0.00034094098,0.00010599024,0.00011225749,0.00082039676,0.0003487295,0.000106628184,0.04972598,0.000031213433],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012389442,0.00006389104,0.0002957055,0.000042337568,0.000011273497,0.0000035400453,0.208746,7.836423e-7,3.989285e-7,0.7842042,0.0015385543,0.0050809206],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000099193676,0.000028829081,0.0007685038,0.00031207982,0.00000811909,0.000002901146,0.00926619,0.00000804515,9.346223e-8,0.42728952,0.56197345,0.00024304083],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01981003,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.112147,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.56043494,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006244564,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0073147356,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999043},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4313366600","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-16922-9_8","title":"Formalising Preservice Teacher Training to Work with Parents to Promote Academic Integrity in K-12 Education","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Ethics and integrity in educational contexts","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Psychology; Academic integrity; Training (meteorology); Work (physics); Medical education; Pedagogy; Mathematics education; Medicine; Engineering; Social psychology; Geography","score_opus":0.11560761957102916,"score_gpt":0.3935464343981011,"score_spread":0.27793881482707194,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4313366600","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.13524672,0.0019525302,0.00009539627,0.2578841,0.0026346077,0.0033030473,0.00016357086,0.00007354973,0.59864646],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.82432705,0.0009140468,0.0019636813,0.012513423,0.0016950069,0.000525196,0.00033806622,0.00008702415,0.15763648],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9958837,0.00067200983,0.00078439317,0.0008050161,0.0012426564,0.00061222585],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9970056,0.0014546494,0.00029393542,0.0002776138,0.00053263747,0.00043560797],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.008544129,0.00044309968,0.0005461409,0.0006453082,0.0007536315,0.00014818879,0.0008531663,0.0027043964,0.001110201],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0043855635,0.0004482997,0.00007789838,0.00037337042,0.000269349,0.00055778667,0.0002449979,0.03194236,0.000040960214],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00018835263,0.00013329637,0.008245252,0.000075520795,0.000029540197,0.000002114906,0.3311121,0.000012904268,0.0000025340987,0.6301936,0.0039470363,0.026057784],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002640144,0.00012735181,0.00912265,0.0036687881,0.000030558112,0.0000078068,0.039962962,0.000009633948,0.0000024155468,0.13683467,0.8091732,0.00079590303],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.021101797,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.05574656,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8052262,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0012660071,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0074224477,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99980295},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4313372631","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-16976-2_11","title":"Data Mining of Online Quiz Log Files: Creation of Automated Tools for Identification of Possible Academic Misconduct in a Large STEM Course","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Ethics and integrity in educational contexts","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Misconduct; Cheating; Computer science; Identification (biology); Duration (music); Collusion; Computer security; Internet privacy; World Wide Web; Psychology; Business; Political science; Social psychology","score_opus":0.20181325194482239,"score_gpt":0.45268731281967095,"score_spread":0.25087406087484854,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4313372631","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.62785316,0.032808032,0.0006203279,0.0925212,0.005999775,0.008157439,0.13613893,0.0001481316,0.095753014],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9546204,0.004267648,0.0007111187,0.00026450015,0.00026179492,0.00005145248,0.008382291,0.000027426513,0.03141332],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99708384,0.0004055848,0.0012905563,0.00039573837,0.00063141785,0.0001928526],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9922353,0.005448699,0.0011793098,0.00029357348,0.0007911821,0.000051907184],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.009468881,0.00017629053,0.000515834,0.0003131275,0.00017436815,0.000022089585,0.0006928525,0.0018176596,0.00039288966],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0066419677,0.0001936552,0.00007286482,0.00012898885,0.00052319537,0.0004896592,0.00013196535,0.0046045347,7.8802753e-7],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009166275,0.00027176892,0.0016119556,0.0005051151,0.00006345227,3.1408265e-7,0.04732179,0.000009420485,0.0002408829,0.94187945,0.004429349,0.0035748575],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0038622718,0.0006164346,0.050315455,0.013326877,0.0005921468,0.0000118999005,0.20428443,0.013147565,0.0006812661,0.42623776,0.28495452,0.0019693873],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0025048885,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007739562,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5156417,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017312373,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003933357,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99947816},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4313892317","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-21796-8_12","title":"Are You for Real? Lessons for the Academy About Professors with Fake or Fraudulent Degrees","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Ethics and integrity in educational contexts","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University; University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Credential; Reputation; Public relations; Outrage; Academic integrity; Quality (philosophy); Business; Audit; Computer security; Accounting; Political science; Computer science; Engineering ethics; Engineering; Law","score_opus":0.2880839787950291,"score_gpt":0.4593668505306426,"score_spread":0.17128287173561346,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4313892317","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00039168072,0.0027078085,0.00048744518,0.91475683,0.0023439256,0.0040834392,0.0021113793,0.000080848666,0.07303666],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.02220193,0.016086569,0.00069761026,0.0061399434,0.002855028,0.0012490171,0.0002382518,0.00009051399,0.9504411],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9976082,0.00021775167,0.0004891054,0.00053887814,0.0006987619,0.00044729837],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.98143744,0.016844364,0.0005381672,0.00017360575,0.0008660897,0.00014031008],"candidate_categories":["sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.006582762,0.00034493653,0.0004585876,0.00015108424,0.0017322331,0.00014011841,0.0006177315,0.0035975275,0.00017272776],"category_scores_gemma":[0.007155521,0.00022233259,0.00015258571,0.000089162044,0.0011120897,0.00015141534,0.000065986984,0.010155275,0.000017779399],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017687063,0.0000292222,0.0001945247,0.00016233575,0.00009268766,5.808246e-7,0.02593402,0.0000024623089,2.4113723e-7,0.93867564,0.031364694,0.0033667325],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00028357908,0.0000600223,0.0033157812,0.0012799373,0.00007590266,0.0000016862125,0.013693665,0.000042693657,0.0000012705685,0.31632578,0.66460377,0.0003158906],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0026889984,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.07847654,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.90861684,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002337715,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0028308884,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995674},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4313892337","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-21796-8_1","title":"Fake Degrees and Credential Fraud, Contract Cheating, and Paper Mills: Overview and Historical Perspectives","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Ethics and integrity in educational contexts","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University; University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Credential; Cheating; Valuation (finance); Vendor; Business; Certification; Academic integrity; Accounting; Computer security; Political science; Marketing; Computer science; Engineering; Law; Engineering ethics; Psychology","score_opus":0.12429868100780203,"score_gpt":0.38047859091668446,"score_spread":0.2561799099088824,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4313892337","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.02443755,0.41184014,0.000048555346,0.20434093,0.0034865711,0.001339413,0.00046472455,0.0001061601,0.35393596],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.3450141,0.22496581,0.00051828276,0.002670289,0.0026623243,0.000054367378,0.00009927622,0.00007364164,0.4239419],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99794716,0.00031227295,0.00040200824,0.00057543244,0.00049186376,0.0002712601],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9949149,0.004166952,0.00018833476,0.000106497995,0.00039079276,0.00023254442],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0030753035,0.0003029446,0.00047600735,0.000152907,0.0008848734,0.00022794776,0.00015371233,0.0024934374,0.00059837545],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0051602744,0.00029419287,0.00006511648,0.000049240534,0.0014654323,0.00026551302,0.000091439324,0.0075297165,0.000008608313],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016683214,0.000023622204,0.0017194846,0.000099936384,0.00004356821,0.000003161199,0.086916834,3.552213e-8,0.0000033615313,0.90107954,0.0046904045,0.0054033617],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00035896877,0.000074215975,0.02343588,0.0010983883,0.00007392028,0.000018739742,0.012453048,0.000024278883,6.134847e-7,0.38313517,0.5787816,0.0005451907],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.011085034,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.022015708,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5740912,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002585011,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001025181,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999951},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4313892441","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-21796-8_13","title":"Fake Degrees and Fraudulent Credentials in Higher Education: Conclusions and Future Directions","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Ethics and integrity in educational contexts","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary; Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Credential; Terminology; Action (physics); Public relations; Political science; Institution; Engineering ethics; Key (lock); Sociology; Engineering; Computer science; Computer security; Law; Linguistics","score_opus":0.10472998839309139,"score_gpt":0.38625738706080126,"score_spread":0.28152739866770987,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4313892441","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0055677085,0.04145234,0.000003646862,0.38447407,0.008369342,0.00078916317,0.0002564941,0.00005371463,0.5590335],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.077034555,0.07592823,0.00026544865,0.0026986026,0.0044357753,0.00010433979,0.00018677297,0.000042116797,0.83930415],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99807054,0.00032795317,0.00044639932,0.00048229846,0.00042348524,0.00024930676],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99654895,0.0025651648,0.00016746347,0.000133809,0.00037982242,0.00020479881],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0024462254,0.0002635367,0.0003689234,0.0003345506,0.001014327,0.00018994826,0.00018663937,0.0027118807,0.0016148211],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0011176826,0.00026834183,0.00005503709,0.00011953754,0.0010981067,0.0002051322,0.00010931345,0.007512137,0.000024642528],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006169292,0.000038035436,0.001994674,0.00004889432,0.00001923506,0.0000012959255,0.03139233,9.588627e-8,9.1620205e-7,0.9507336,0.006105525,0.009659256],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008878978,0.000012413943,0.024624897,0.00045070783,0.000017072374,0.0000035533549,0.0044475878,0.0000014660071,2.0234056e-7,0.35052565,0.61962575,0.00020187814],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005431846,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.033661082,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.61352026,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015605777,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002729158,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999769},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4313892473","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-21796-8_2","title":"Admissions Fraud in Canadian Higher Education","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Ethics and integrity in educational contexts","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary; Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Blues; Credential; Globe; Argument (complex analysis); Newspaper; Political science; Fact sheet; Public relations; Quality (philosophy); Psychology; Public administration; History; Medicine; Law","score_opus":0.10322800029726954,"score_gpt":0.3993635820789929,"score_spread":0.2961355817817234,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4313892473","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00035828556,0.001595872,3.8376638e-7,0.23094496,0.0029757123,0.00029646792,0.00010023889,0.000018448172,0.7637096],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.13838576,0.0032804464,0.00005320248,0.00644571,0.0011684683,0.000042837433,0.00023157586,0.000028408884,0.8503636],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99792504,0.00029740608,0.00043077682,0.00040935993,0.0005080757,0.0004293114],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99637675,0.0022765496,0.00012989056,0.0001626465,0.0004226007,0.0006315455],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0039674095,0.00023321784,0.00028729695,0.0006663842,0.000547556,0.00009153526,0.0003432841,0.003931722,0.0051283883],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005188009,0.00025338604,0.000068381196,0.00015112312,0.00034045833,0.0001678253,0.000040212086,0.013411995,0.0002951307],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003870563,0.000026236672,0.0014461043,0.000024300121,0.000008031076,0.0000021007008,0.013664173,2.7921047e-7,3.3881952e-7,0.9393201,0.04318794,0.002316556],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004070433,0.000005797305,0.007495956,0.00052536244,0.000004895268,6.581101e-7,0.0009182887,0.0000017837363,1.2398043e-7,0.43289262,0.55794615,0.000167677],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.76620907,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9529569,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.51475817,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009998233,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.029240914,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99999183},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4315486952","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-21796-8","title":"Fake Degrees and Fraudulent Credentials in Higher Education","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book","venue":"Ethics and integrity in educational contexts","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University; University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Credential; Cheating; Certification; Computer security; Academic integrity; Internet privacy; Business; Medical education; Psychology; Computer science; Political science; Medicine; Law; Social psychology","score_opus":0.13574953844798415,"score_gpt":0.40920445716297577,"score_spread":0.2734549187149916,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4315486952","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.014448307,0.021502754,0.0000118949165,0.20909068,0.010124666,0.0011319964,0.00018933981,0.00006462635,0.74343574],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.07852926,0.0061558513,0.00012997435,0.0018511455,0.001751287,0.000093027134,0.00023092874,0.000027958837,0.91123056],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99733955,0.000720398,0.00052959454,0.00049944164,0.000581054,0.00032995918],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9953167,0.0037664862,0.00020886917,0.00014694598,0.00038864007,0.0001723707],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0049549155,0.000260653,0.0003847629,0.00039856794,0.00048756567,0.00021409511,0.00030979744,0.0033850388,0.0011603073],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0037068215,0.00027574744,0.000061323524,0.00018724323,0.00092873466,0.00023973189,0.00007651416,0.009972048,0.000079616264],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009139641,0.00007445609,0.0051114666,0.00012143339,0.000016217553,0.0000014969003,0.038851712,5.5797415e-7,0.0000013431214,0.89042366,0.060607783,0.0047807316],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000105987936,0.000013638111,0.042734537,0.0009507376,0.000012560861,0.000001269989,0.0030304857,0.0000030354001,5.5638674e-7,0.5271543,0.42574745,0.00024540685],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009098051,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.04311999,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.36513966,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004041157,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.009183971,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999695},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4315752830","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0280018","title":"“The person in power told me to”—European PhD students’ perspectives on guest authorship and good authorship practice","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"PLoS ONE","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ottawa Hospital","funders":"Horizon 2020; European Commission","keywords":"Power (physics); Inclusion (mineral); Publishing; Attribution; Quality (philosophy); Psychology; Medical education; Political science; Medicine; Social psychology; Epistemology; Law","score_opus":0.13385946425264764,"score_gpt":0.34426956556941907,"score_spread":0.21041010131677143,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4315752830","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.81666166,0.00019639797,0.0000027576093,0.05831961,0.0002277258,0.0004260657,0.000007888038,0.00015301102,0.12400488],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9833849,0.00040115882,0.00015381705,0.000685146,0.00056067866,0.000019912532,0.0000021842368,0.000021456486,0.014770716],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9958658,0.0019701868,0.00018716947,0.0003886933,0.0010696177,0.00051848474],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99759936,0.0017843314,0.000087213804,0.00018913882,0.00011030579,0.00022966025],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.009194108,0.00014160245,0.0001751616,0.00014075829,0.0007673356,0.00027195053,0.00054485333,0.00029557594,0.000051149495],"category_scores_gemma":[0.011464681,0.00011970398,0.000035877594,0.00064339687,0.00019198291,0.0002314297,0.00010439127,0.0016726814,0.0007891446],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00018905631,0.00077865674,0.019486178,0.000015482638,0.00013212961,0.000069890026,0.84981483,0.0000010058976,0.00048120494,0.12414009,0.0045149163,0.00037653555],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00065976114,0.00056058145,0.13559888,0.0005623197,0.00014205069,0.0000027441097,0.8044433,0.000033652956,0.00042125845,0.0041060136,0.05280057,0.0006688592],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00087367976,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00071149983,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.16672327,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016823992,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000581353,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99998885},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4317488778","doi":"10.1016/j.wem.2022.09.005","title":"Practical Guidance for Crafting Original Research Manuscripts","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Wilderness and Environmental Medicine","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval; Hôtel-Dieu de Québec; Cégep de Lévis","funders":"","keywords":"CLARITY; Presentation (obstetrics); Novelty; Relevance (law); Engineering ethics; Product (mathematics); Element (criminal law); Computer science; Section (typography); Scope (computer science); Balance (ability); Management science; Data science; Psychology; Political science; Engineering; Law; Medicine; Social psychology","score_opus":0.15764905384526554,"score_gpt":0.43631857150023656,"score_spread":0.27866951765497106,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4317488778","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.77697694,0.001604991,0.004346644,0.18376595,0.0015649133,0.0012077676,0.000049102448,0.00020880772,0.030274905],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9845228,0.0021999916,0.0006355724,0.0004640843,0.0014302441,0.00006402791,0.0000373555,0.00001320047,0.010632704],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99834096,0.00018655995,0.00016247007,0.00025008523,0.0006046561,0.00045527253],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99891514,0.0007911459,0.00003624341,0.00008528856,0.0000122741285,0.00015992545],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0040130396,0.00008282585,0.00013776051,0.000073923075,0.0008817775,0.000020617545,0.00012141976,0.00023243671,0.00028374308],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007727144,0.00006888371,0.000019878598,0.00016208836,0.0011104454,0.00015572073,0.00006111755,0.0006033657,0.00008010168],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00022664551,0.00013886568,0.07827825,0.00018478523,0.000059967846,0.00014814398,0.049669042,0.0000055535393,0.005497953,0.18852997,0.59718186,0.080079004],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004778635,0.0001235512,0.007459521,0.00012675041,0.000014832326,0.000009125347,0.034522604,0.00048186956,0.00009679146,0.008684508,0.9478822,0.00012042599],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001024407,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006670718,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.35070032,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000083049636,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000033836208,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6782009},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4317706999","doi":"10.21432/cjlt28388","title":"The Academic Integrity Technological Arms Race and its Impact on Learning, Teaching, and Assessment","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Learning and Technology","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Academic integrity; Arms race; Misconduct; Silver bullet; Race (biology); Mathematics education; Academic achievement; Psychology; Higher education; Engineering ethics; Pedagogy; Sociology; Political science; Engineering; Social psychology","score_opus":0.022415253872102504,"score_gpt":0.3591613815483187,"score_spread":0.3367461276762162,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4317706999","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9256983,0.0027581647,0.000026883978,0.06927548,0.00010891274,0.00007624817,0.0000015269479,0.00008959863,0.0019648913],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99189574,0.006557416,0.00008038674,0.00004112412,0.00008482893,0.000002165583,6.3713946e-7,0.000008047982,0.0013296686],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983592,0.0005838032,0.000231759,0.00016838645,0.00018051134,0.00047632345],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99840486,0.00091006164,0.00021893854,0.000051566272,0.0000967254,0.00031784637],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005976592,0.00012686577,0.00023058416,0.0005418143,0.0022676657,0.000095044044,0.0002826888,0.0012147169,0.000019686766],"category_scores_gemma":[0.008479143,0.00008279499,0.000034582183,0.000387219,0.0010406971,0.000097633325,0.000049622548,0.017940884,0.0000064693154],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018594334,0.000005248987,0.4524632,0.000007825956,0.00007091349,0.00014024098,0.0056347945,0.000023434653,0.00020664661,0.20296551,0.0028150966,0.33564848],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003475153,0.0007173905,0.01820333,0.00018078703,0.000033239638,0.00038859318,0.0676651,0.0007930847,0.000051199866,0.026695577,0.8846818,0.00024234482],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014514829,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018106404,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.88186675,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013239401,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006235765,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99987286},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4319461790","doi":"10.1111/cdev.13910","title":"Cheating among elementary school children: A machine learning approach","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Child Development","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Rehabilitation Institute; University of Toronto","funders":"Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Cheating; Psychology; Mathematics education; Primary education; Developmental psychology; Social psychology","score_opus":0.015926604580758248,"score_gpt":0.2615858023946594,"score_spread":0.24565919781390114,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4319461790","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8150567,0.00025249703,0.00078415085,0.0017230521,0.0002834492,0.00058172405,0.000005296475,0.0007010802,0.18061204],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98650396,0.00021910058,0.005468521,0.0007054669,0.0005561228,0.00005679175,0.00037671757,0.00002493317,0.006088389],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99792945,0.00020880469,0.0003246718,0.00034447125,0.000608773,0.0005838003],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994589,0.00007371776,0.000101249025,0.000103060636,0.00004440325,0.00021866587],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0024639906,0.00016513997,0.00017458656,0.00016203793,0.0019362539,0.000084214036,0.00036588087,0.00030396145,0.00051276153],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00048080404,0.00016102832,0.000056769837,0.0006317869,0.00011799653,0.00019739193,0.00016107802,0.0016052651,0.0005441178],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010133746,0.000058380196,0.90485495,0.0000307275,0.00013346778,0.00000755236,0.05278927,0.0002328491,0.000013565196,0.0021903347,0.0073369066,0.032341868],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006777455,0.000022204016,0.7992117,0.00025834556,0.000023308827,0.000008297937,0.01394186,0.0015682407,0.00044561937,0.00042339735,0.18263792,0.00078137557],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014796273,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00025884624,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.175301,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020981376,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002460786,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99936306},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4323526371","doi":"10.1145/3545947.3569609","title":"Who's Cheating Whom","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Misconduct; Punitive damages; Focus (optics); Psychology; Academic integrity; Narrative; Medical education; Social psychology; Political science; Medicine; Law","score_opus":0.023528189818993846,"score_gpt":0.30534244872277755,"score_spread":0.2818142589037837,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4323526371","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.07815084,0.00004552802,0.00037305692,0.011132761,0.00028723347,0.00006212285,0.0000029275445,0.00008396773,0.90986156],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9217153,0.000009302391,0.0003444185,0.002383859,0.00025785103,0.000009127096,0.000001942471,0.000002684472,0.07527549],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992207,0.00018862456,0.000065264176,0.00007776015,0.00028879897,0.00015882759],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99977034,0.0001144774,0.000019759655,0.000042521082,0.00001371095,0.00003917289],"candidate_categories":["sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0013303324,0.000027234046,0.000045494813,0.000019254136,0.0019651626,0.000034068704,0.0001833153,0.00007758435,0.013224386],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016486364,0.000027289865,0.000024246796,0.00014602947,0.000075312535,0.00007296588,0.000064692395,0.00069071323,0.000058444195],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003195728,0.0000128058255,0.006886443,0.0000012445131,0.0000048803868,0.0000028889826,0.06595185,0.000022570708,0.00006105621,0.7968068,0.11900782,0.011238451],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003463234,0.00000819033,0.00030488282,0.0000010595695,0.0000014921134,6.438837e-7,0.035288107,0.00014089116,0.000036416273,0.006823804,0.9573088,0.000051047544],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008365668,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00049881666,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8435645,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000070750335,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001009843,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99933416},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4323568189","doi":"10.1080/10508422.2023.2187804","title":"Grey zones and good practice: A European survey of academic integrity among undergraduate students","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ethics & Behavior","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ottawa Hospital","funders":"Horizon 2020; European Commission","keywords":"Academic integrity; Psychology; Research integrity; Mathematics education; Medical education; Engineering ethics; Engineering; Social psychology; Medicine","score_opus":0.14553071609079649,"score_gpt":0.45814760995173953,"score_spread":0.31261689386094305,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4323568189","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98497415,0.00012564068,0.00006321417,0.00937596,0.00054068177,0.00034850644,0.00007016883,0.00015299277,0.004348662],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99382573,0.0028424556,0.00015928099,0.000314375,0.000112965696,0.000013123053,0.0000369499,0.000023427456,0.0026717063],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9924255,0.0050849738,0.00043949523,0.0003444846,0.0012969635,0.00040860736],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99491704,0.0037915898,0.00030317873,0.00019159394,0.0006091467,0.00018747622],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.028582184,0.00016182842,0.00024803166,0.00012776825,0.00062624685,0.00009505705,0.00067430997,0.0013245777,0.000026960915],"category_scores_gemma":[0.016557144,0.00015863685,0.000053972784,0.00071306276,0.00094974734,0.0004964487,0.00029986174,0.009885268,0.00011160139],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000022378366,0.00009361869,0.92991537,0.00001813121,0.00002635018,0.000037809226,0.049497016,5.2733174e-7,0.00011277578,0.01582922,0.001427652,0.0030191254],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00020684149,0.000043663902,0.98363936,0.0000973691,0.00009748358,0.0000026323205,0.009814885,0.00000455782,0.00005361438,0.001640551,0.004206319,0.00019275007],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.04655806,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.014729447,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.053723935,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000059985,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003688947,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999719},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4323783977","doi":"10.3138/jsp-2022-0035","title":"Quid Pro Quo Authorship: Characteristics and Implications","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Scholarly Publishing","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Status quo; Terminology; Political science; Linguistics; Law; Philosophy","score_opus":0.07165548441303417,"score_gpt":0.33976078223748346,"score_spread":0.2681052978244493,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4323783977","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.77879214,0.0003606675,0.00061164325,0.20376672,0.0011116626,0.00012489341,0.000025545834,0.00008696258,0.015119747],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9941436,0.0006754071,0.0009520899,0.0009069865,0.001731628,0.0000023504997,0.0000065662516,0.0000106121415,0.0015707328],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9980855,0.00033165465,0.00045233924,0.00011830463,0.00070853677,0.0003036399],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99740905,0.00050171843,0.00045535935,0.00009498763,0.0012199057,0.0003190096],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","scholarly_communication","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["scholarly_communication"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0139434645,0.00007603199,0.00017157306,0.0003350149,0.00077295996,0.012559021,0.0006388986,0.0006540762,0.000047728085],"category_scores_gemma":[0.025330113,0.000068514244,0.00006396824,0.0007518005,0.000099862875,0.03396623,0.000090068985,0.0042605796,0.000021267253],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004581853,0.00006137126,0.20438425,0.000042905558,0.000104093066,0.000051937717,0.08206606,0.0000021966387,0.0031067415,0.41580442,0.21528257,0.07904761],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002317101,0.000050483548,0.27339467,0.00013094243,0.000039595576,0.00005303597,0.010511307,0.000028066588,0.000029790648,0.06283989,0.6525155,0.00017505519],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00027541953,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007104619,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.43723288,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010679042,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004389143,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9980366},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4352977788","doi":"10.5212/praxeduc.v.18.21679.020","title":"Automatic paraphrasing tools: an unexpected consequence of addressing student plagiarism and the impact of COVID in distance education settings","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Praxis Educativa","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Agencia Estatal de Investigación; European Regional Development Fund","keywords":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Academic integrity; Field (mathematics); Matching (statistics); Data science; Analytics; Plagiarism detection; Computer science; Period (music); 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); Psychological intervention; World Wide Web; Medical education; Psychology; Information retrieval; Library science","score_opus":0.048679848646313376,"score_gpt":0.4223057305265351,"score_spread":0.3736258818802217,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4352977788","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.992597,0.00059223635,0.000054569697,0.0042243088,0.00019100639,0.0004548673,0.00001399185,0.000042076263,0.0018299487],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999101,0.00023086602,0.0003756839,0.00007767955,0.00006807645,0.000041730156,0.000014550707,0.000007685552,0.00008276672],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.99764735,0.0011071417,0.00042565542,0.00021155308,0.00034224705,0.00026607726],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99710345,0.002063318,0.00040638162,0.00018966002,0.00014064422,0.00009652507],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0029596265,0.000118040654,0.00028410455,0.000158979,0.00028135665,0.000075927404,0.00033695312,0.00023115224,0.00007204292],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004065369,0.00008718597,0.00005574003,0.0008950353,0.0010999826,0.00040546482,0.00004061255,0.00061052205,0.0000026493003],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009389291,0.00038042502,0.081480585,0.00017526926,0.00006527104,0.000003411482,0.8486835,0.000055899724,0.0029654943,0.026200442,0.0025119463,0.03738389],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011088155,0.00011739269,0.39955738,0.0014908013,0.000057382047,0.00001927527,0.54696035,0.0024521097,0.0011514823,0.04565276,0.0009917323,0.0004405181],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01657377,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00041060013,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.31807682,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018710112,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0021201503,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.989975},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"qualitative","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"medium"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"medium"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W4361205834","doi":"10.1177/03064190231166665","title":"Exploring natural language processing in mechanical engineering education: Implications for academic integrity","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Mechanical Engineering Education","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"University of Calgary","keywords":"Context (archaeology); Computer science; Extant taxon; Automation; Cheating; Academic integrity; Natural (archaeology); Natural language; Engineering ethics; Software engineering; Artificial intelligence; Data science; Engineering; Mechanical engineering; Psychology","score_opus":0.06078129438859478,"score_gpt":0.3752472311078585,"score_spread":0.3144659367192637,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4361205834","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.81841946,0.0024953203,0.08305075,0.06557494,0.028743625,0.0009241503,0.000032070344,0.0004211316,0.00033855153],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98805416,0.00045919474,0.007962619,0.00020079013,0.0029901895,0.00012212452,0.00003121658,0.000024634675,0.00015505013],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983568,0.000054456512,0.0006247038,0.00019176332,0.00047006534,0.0003022142],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984228,0.00043420514,0.00023383256,0.00009210185,0.0006603944,0.00015665746],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0020654218,0.00014240952,0.00020365792,0.0006412076,0.000090515554,0.000080244594,0.0007145934,0.00032372584,0.00001553423],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004748476,0.00015029116,0.00012951044,0.00058013387,0.000018266435,0.0008833123,0.00005092689,0.0020029184,0.000008824161],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012067619,0.00039384078,0.00039546666,0.00023167346,0.00010103899,0.000008333104,0.016449206,0.0034247579,0.042102553,0.49129435,0.00392196,0.44155616],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0055066203,0.00050115905,0.059628654,0.01502027,0.00043882488,0.0009937021,0.091484204,0.3516004,0.025969665,0.080501154,0.36393577,0.0044195377],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00016397094,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000030319392,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.43713662,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000645259,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0013904466,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.87017953},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4361801578","doi":"10.55365/1923.x2023.21.5","title":"Factors Influencing Academic Fraud Prevention among Accounting Students","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Review of Economics and Finance","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Embarrassment; Academic integrity; Psychology; Accounting; Punishment (psychology); Identification (biology); Medical education; Business; Social psychology; Medicine","score_opus":0.04612583035956254,"score_gpt":0.344293757186178,"score_spread":0.29816792682661547,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4361801578","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9830796,0.014948244,0.0000058275787,0.00033547523,0.0001441514,0.00019429093,0.000006562279,0.000014617903,0.0012712406],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.48044404,0.5190669,0.000016709519,0.00012262243,0.00005450603,0.000004473607,0.0000036222766,0.0000033068268,0.00028386302],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99921274,0.000052710213,0.00033853616,0.00014935299,0.00007385029,0.0001728315],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994584,0.000108969456,0.00030243333,0.00007335793,0.000032409644,0.000024456607],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001992938,0.00007309179,0.00023854997,0.000040820956,0.00017595995,0.000018146256,0.00023708328,0.00022825235,0.00001590767],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003088139,0.00007059066,0.00006125147,0.00015651286,0.00009798976,0.00031520386,0.00006844313,0.00038872135,0.000014382452],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000032929322,0.00001820657,0.7706597,0.0022619108,0.000047203648,8.251539e-7,0.011151989,0.000059337268,0.000010255358,0.12047906,0.0031512782,0.09215697],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00019274588,0.000028098484,0.5088314,0.012200049,0.000055999593,3.6202718e-7,0.0024530278,0.00038634875,0.00006493422,0.016890993,0.45850644,0.0003896511],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00026407195,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007963588,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5041186,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000036683137,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000064027125,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.28786036},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4362590573","doi":"10.29173/istl2724","title":"Exploring Factors Contributing to Plagiarism as Students Enter STEM Higher Education Classrooms","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Issues in Science and Technology Librarianship","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Grading (engineering); Point (geometry); Mathematics education; Class (philosophy); Population; Psychology; Plagiarism detection; Pedagogy; Sociology; Computer science; Mathematics; Biology","score_opus":0.11383364232330904,"score_gpt":0.3768442148399174,"score_spread":0.26301057251660837,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4362590573","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9434514,0.00017622426,0.000012593043,0.04428636,0.0014416494,0.00031652034,0.0000031996537,0.00041584155,0.009896221],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99185467,0.00023470623,0.000091069945,0.00059502805,0.00017402711,0.000069990994,0.0000025744914,0.000009425386,0.006968481],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9973971,0.00011747682,0.00026743524,0.0005148677,0.00081041496,0.0008926708],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99913913,0.00024752843,0.00007019147,0.00022964062,0.00013251136,0.00018100378],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0036132406,0.00014451511,0.00020594525,0.0012453236,0.0009656733,0.0003454293,0.0012678155,0.000675029,0.00007613315],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0013428226,0.00013686664,0.00001858298,0.0048253154,0.0010089905,0.001854401,0.0005183363,0.0011198262,0.00018655432],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006404715,0.00003078369,0.64397955,0.000005335939,0.0000047020408,0.000009829658,0.023143638,7.8296404e-7,0.00023806632,0.3149763,0.0010543164,0.0165503],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00040280275,0.0001298417,0.25777203,0.0003478823,0.000012762234,0.0000034747004,0.18561424,0.000019975427,0.006305431,0.099053144,0.4497382,0.00060019444],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00089720375,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000095430165,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4486839,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017252007,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00046639267,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7427276},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"qualitative","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W4362590789","doi":"10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15184","title":"COVID-19 retracted publications on retraction watch: A systematic survey of their pre-prints and citations","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Heliyon","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University; St. Joseph’s Healthcare Hamilton; Impact","funders":"","keywords":"Misinformation; Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Citation; 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak; Scientific misconduct; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); Medicine; Library science; Alternative medicine; Computer science; Pathology; Disease; Infectious disease (medical specialty)","score_opus":0.11558438210485338,"score_gpt":0.3766997325126453,"score_spread":0.26111535040779194,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4362590789","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9578506,0.00021138386,0.0007229226,0.0242541,0.0005720075,0.0011747679,0.00024370766,0.00040080215,0.014569715],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9938141,0.0011817496,0.00003237,0.0002867444,0.000056945475,0.000048330487,0.000094569354,0.0000071032546,0.0044780606],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99801165,0.0009729969,0.00029691972,0.00017701907,0.00036476422,0.00017666903],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9963572,0.0028264772,0.00019358542,0.00017734367,0.0002730702,0.00017231253],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0049234508,0.000073875875,0.00017344163,0.00020922454,0.00048603176,0.000048250007,0.00016170637,0.0005033267,0.00014418016],"category_scores_gemma":[0.021647802,0.000064062064,0.00003199652,0.001263946,0.00013061255,0.00019683268,0.000019748362,0.0006084456,0.00010219963],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00018924427,0.0005305627,0.16532812,0.029438559,0.00034009857,0.000006287825,0.36030394,0.00017556253,0.0033491014,0.35154188,0.087217346,0.0015793184],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003379039,0.000087355336,0.9555527,0.0022343483,0.000050081366,0.0000040739014,0.015616864,0.00070191856,0.0003336221,0.0054555666,0.019320855,0.00030468617],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0031687915,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0031784712,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7902246,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011655824,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00030192325,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.98659325},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity","bibliometrics"],"domain":"evaluation","study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["metaresearch","bibliometrics","research_integrity"],"domain":"evaluation","study_design":"design_other","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W4367459059","doi":"10.1007/978-981-287-079-7_89-1","title":"Academic Integrity Through Ethical Teaching and Assessment: Overview and Current Trends","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Engineering ethics; Ethical issues; Experiential learning; Psychology; Identification (biology); Higher education; Pedagogy; Medical education; Political science; Engineering; Medicine","score_opus":0.16039365372449274,"score_gpt":0.4492442963303862,"score_spread":0.28885064260589344,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4367459059","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00003656079,0.007159073,0.0003005727,0.027938286,0.0008546463,0.00017437983,0.000067586865,0.00024182566,0.9632271],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.001654733,0.17750393,0.0013553489,0.0029513799,0.001552963,0.000011565592,0.00007475525,0.000058877384,0.81483644],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99712795,0.0004947946,0.00047424826,0.0006314927,0.00084138144,0.00043014134],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99788886,0.0014487123,0.00020879268,0.00016421439,0.00006746068,0.00022193424],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.005589547,0.0003763988,0.00056875823,0.00014672919,0.0009782566,0.00012268711,0.0003624815,0.0065785083,0.000908511],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005763949,0.0003237465,0.00013199418,0.000059588012,0.00079976773,0.00027469383,0.00033927918,0.052127313,0.00006452279],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000023587706,0.0000029222135,0.000044772758,0.000058023405,0.000026514112,0.0000030663546,0.0045111934,1.3407433e-8,3.1144836e-7,0.7701175,0.021768704,0.2034646],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008031766,0.00001572136,0.00011710278,0.0005069647,0.00006475589,0.0000032446062,0.00049924117,0.000021527192,1.3828274e-7,0.33759683,0.660826,0.00026810318],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0031862713,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012872539,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.63905734,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015550229,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00033071224,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99992144},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4372349141","doi":"10.1007/s10805-023-09476-6","title":"Contract Cheating and Student Stress: Insights from a Canadian Community College","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Academic Ethics","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary; Bow Valley College","funders":"Bow Valley College","keywords":"Cheating; Stress (linguistics); Community college; Psychology; Political science; Business; Social psychology; Linguistics; Medical education; Medicine; Philosophy","score_opus":0.0888554506618393,"score_gpt":0.4014505113765932,"score_spread":0.3125950607147539,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4372349141","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9653595,0.0011593654,0.000017570832,0.027189294,0.00056700455,0.00010730907,0.00009201882,0.000023417602,0.005484503],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98998696,0.006121515,0.0001183339,0.0027785318,0.000790499,9.632012e-7,0.0000050515628,0.000008661397,0.00018951533],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9963228,0.0019134138,0.0005183655,0.000085884225,0.00083469984,0.00032483973],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99235255,0.0063646156,0.00036860816,0.000085663494,0.00036195066,0.00046663138],"candidate_categories":["sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.009301829,0.000105936066,0.0002709915,0.0002125723,0.0015579745,0.000049935097,0.0006130172,0.00216855,0.000041597978],"category_scores_gemma":[0.007424794,0.00009469727,0.000059107304,0.00035928166,0.00035417778,0.00035678365,0.000068101144,0.023254381,0.000013443022],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000035210756,0.000030320709,0.08672005,0.000032614666,0.00016834371,0.00014349581,0.8322395,0.000052644085,0.0005795468,0.067876995,0.010836081,0.0012851795],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010949286,0.00014190405,0.15175375,0.001391621,0.00014298418,0.000028655752,0.5759646,0.0003515972,0.00027990324,0.12165339,0.14675824,0.00043837682],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.32886896,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.4539037,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.25627488,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00027922116,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0018811641,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99974185},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4376460912","doi":"10.1007/978-981-287-079-7_107-1","title":"Academic Integrity and the Canadian University Ombudsperson","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Misconduct; Mandate; Research integrity; Political science; Promotion (chess); Accountability; Public relations; Inclusion (mineral); Psychology; Law; Social psychology","score_opus":0.044532304433111715,"score_gpt":0.26797890647453976,"score_spread":0.22344660204142805,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4376460912","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000020795405,0.00015536214,0.000008713628,0.055388294,0.00040396288,0.00025720877,0.00005969609,0.000095145246,0.94361085],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0060085356,0.0055206353,0.000020222624,0.0012968252,0.00041673254,3.8422394e-7,0.000012726558,0.000014896767,0.98670906],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99875516,0.00015627478,0.00012499589,0.0002603869,0.0003727799,0.00033037874],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99876475,0.0006389547,0.000079357356,0.000126284,0.00009352822,0.00029710776],"candidate_categories":["sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0025590933,0.00016596813,0.00023746159,0.000152357,0.0014951109,0.00004947756,0.0005372375,0.0034991766,0.0011854497],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003397966,0.00012497742,0.000100855534,0.000061248735,0.0017894504,0.0001003618,0.00007945633,0.009502716,0.00059826334],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001058457,1.9955337e-7,0.0000288055,0.0000030998356,0.00002418357,0.000011673993,0.0060903705,3.619731e-8,3.0171645e-8,0.94341034,0.04876402,0.0016566619],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00012853363,0.0000029568039,0.00003209325,0.000043187883,0.00004189337,0.0000013050969,0.003639793,0.000011685489,1.4455128e-7,0.16218644,0.83376276,0.0001492287],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.897513,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9771713,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7849987,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004892508,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0018787745,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998048},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4376527377","doi":"10.1007/978-981-287-079-7_192-1","title":"Academic Integrity in Nepal","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Academic integrity; Misconduct; Morality; Engineering ethics; Political science; Public relations; Scientific misconduct; Pedagogy; Sociology; Psychology; Law; Engineering; Social psychology; Medicine","score_opus":0.07982288624924568,"score_gpt":0.3446286432909451,"score_spread":0.26480575704169945,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4376527377","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000047241494,0.00016564933,0.000037367554,0.0073744943,0.0010611495,0.00025668638,0.000028460421,0.00027630467,0.99075264],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0011618134,0.0043852315,0.00010411843,0.00094896933,0.0011777792,0.0000065119903,0.000027490389,0.000035284666,0.9921528],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99799335,0.00009708183,0.00042061333,0.00038296482,0.00065311295,0.0004528955],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99891263,0.0005829958,0.00012477922,0.00015749574,0.000075735385,0.00014634915],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0027201667,0.00023790484,0.00036355224,0.00027225853,0.00018767104,0.000029043767,0.000660617,0.0067937626,0.004338155],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006516167,0.00022908393,0.00014437354,0.00009678959,0.0003956134,0.00014345591,0.00012148078,0.015840437,0.0046661855],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000054185575,0.0000017490102,0.00012778911,0.000007278756,0.000009449661,0.000021456592,0.002863936,1.884814e-7,6.95519e-7,0.92914546,0.061543465,0.0062731076],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000050331753,0.0000056583453,0.00004232694,0.0001380535,0.000008006989,6.211729e-7,0.00066364324,0.000008405212,0.0000012676072,0.37775078,0.62112784,0.00020307566],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.010407311,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02231386,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5595844,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002848192,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006068763,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.996572},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4376611400","doi":"10.1007/s40979-023-00130-7","title":"Faculty members’ use of artificial intelligence to grade student papers: a case of implications","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Educational Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":65,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Brock University","funders":"","keywords":"Dilemma; Principle of legality; Field (mathematics); Discretion; Computer science; Engineering ethics; Psychology; Mathematics education; Engineering; Political science; Law; Epistemology","score_opus":0.23693448257702435,"score_gpt":0.5090555197410058,"score_spread":0.2721210371639815,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4376611400","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.827856,0.00002632237,0.009500485,0.15313588,0.005494066,0.000728371,0.0016870161,0.00004715173,0.0015247276],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9896929,0.00007612512,0.007129916,0.00053820165,0.0011381226,0.00006768112,0.00013487239,0.000011779265,0.0012103562],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99783224,0.00015807178,0.00077201595,0.00021865925,0.0007532649,0.00026577598],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9949694,0.0017387074,0.0003880195,0.00012943793,0.0025465067,0.00022791151],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0018715479,0.00012785848,0.00020245822,0.00042721131,0.00039177938,0.00012443475,0.0007506749,0.00025249654,0.0004782405],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0047717146,0.000121983285,0.00024539005,0.00054457464,0.00023789129,0.00048290926,0.0000825513,0.0007931855,0.00003489571],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007001476,0.00037013975,0.0028703867,0.0000085903375,0.00018517801,0.000010039909,0.022599524,0.00046101297,0.00077762955,0.94108707,0.019608038,0.011952404],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00022064957,0.00022098787,0.02123514,0.00029823376,0.00012870888,0.00072004064,0.10398388,0.0006104343,0.0040100385,0.59879965,0.26919705,0.0005752203],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003967347,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002122809,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.34228742,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00033339558,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00086022995,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5997468},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4377043227","doi":"10.14429/djlit.43.02.18419","title":"Contemplating and Visualizing Plagiarism Through a Bibliometric Study","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"DESIDOC Journal of Library & Information Technology","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Theme (computing); Citation; Dishonesty; Marketing buzz; Publishing; Library science; Plagiarism detection; Public relations; Sociology; Political science; Computer science; Law; World Wide Web; Information retrieval","score_opus":0.036957985104605,"score_gpt":0.3395539043814464,"score_spread":0.3025959192768414,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4377043227","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97140396,0.00051632937,0.0038281842,0.010369694,0.00043094685,0.0003140519,0.0000064392952,0.0004281467,0.012702257],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99565876,0.0012643287,0.0022937679,0.0005306394,0.0001346893,0.0000043842747,0.000004352782,0.000007264065,0.00010181406],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982167,0.00018971214,0.0007772532,0.00007099404,0.0004600644,0.00028528896],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99851584,0.0004966804,0.0006771671,0.000084683496,0.00015572578,0.000069881746],"candidate_categories":["bibliometrics"],"consensus_categories":["bibliometrics"],"category_scores_codex":[0.002140022,0.00009848572,0.00025623373,0.01835605,0.00046057423,0.00020412373,0.00040684023,0.00065284123,0.00006175488],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001561614,0.000091783724,0.00004827608,0.028875638,0.00020126204,0.00800572,0.00013047233,0.001404847,0.00005896835],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011251728,0.00010459987,0.1575442,0.0000753436,0.00022784516,0.00011888603,0.15796933,0.000034375218,0.00009903111,0.3856708,0.05464188,0.24340118],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0020457238,0.0009735492,0.020244852,0.00023496033,0.00006232893,0.00026616803,0.4159046,0.00040902075,0.0011597648,0.104895785,0.45335758,0.0004456575],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007608164,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000030531348,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3987157,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000025418927,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018914149,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9927701},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4377248374","doi":"10.1007/978-981-287-079-7_98-1","title":"Supporting Students with Academic Integrity and Ethical Learning: Introduction","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Mount Royal University","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Attribution; Categorization; Learning development; Psychology; Section (typography); Higher education; Engineering ethics; Pedagogy; Mathematics education; Engineering; Computer science; Political science; Social psychology","score_opus":0.04413198580076413,"score_gpt":0.3764982787035311,"score_spread":0.332366292902767,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4377248374","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0021413127,0.00012938216,0.0004375263,0.059732743,0.0008877423,0.00053543254,0.000008236951,0.0006706982,0.93545693],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.014744391,0.002111755,0.00014284925,0.0006832812,0.0029005927,0.000005913573,0.000038946277,0.00004484437,0.97932744],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9971956,0.00020476323,0.00040193557,0.00055382954,0.0012161369,0.00042774208],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99869144,0.00050692336,0.00030072607,0.00011336277,0.00019340929,0.00019412412],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.005722944,0.0002588287,0.00036706324,0.00014360088,0.0006582664,0.00009751788,0.00038028607,0.006480389,0.0010866388],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0016217781,0.00021341827,0.00006226447,0.00007003459,0.0007218975,0.00010954871,0.00017864392,0.03588909,0.0003161959],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000030306433,0.0000025082272,0.0018061426,0.000024937292,0.00006126617,0.0000134326865,0.007132396,0.0000011374498,0.0000039483048,0.9614193,0.025701778,0.003802842],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001399889,0.00008948601,0.0001938094,0.00016898014,0.000088365414,0.000011510971,0.0047316025,0.000012080004,0.000008014555,0.07603989,0.9181227,0.00039355023],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011859488,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011138982,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.89242095,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013376732,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003254817,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998265},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4377248907","doi":"10.1007/978-981-287-079-7_90-1","title":"Academic Integrity and the Affordances and Limitations of Authentic Assessment","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Medicine Hat College","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Academic integrity; Academic dishonesty; Outsourcing; Authentic assessment; Psychology; Affordance; Medical education; Pedagogy; Public relations; Engineering ethics; Social psychology; Political science; Business; Engineering; Marketing; Medicine; Curriculum","score_opus":0.10287068104871992,"score_gpt":0.3493928628363063,"score_spread":0.24652218178758634,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4377248907","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00032684192,0.00095560215,0.00034479034,0.017039314,0.0003302666,0.00038533434,0.000025969062,0.00005552224,0.98053634],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.07049112,0.061076745,0.0006009417,0.0003311399,0.00025000624,0.000015251106,0.00001094503,0.000017263883,0.8672066],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987825,0.00013087923,0.00030808503,0.0002053176,0.0004123374,0.00016087011],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9955722,0.0039515006,0.00021474401,0.00009992591,0.00009586989,0.000065745335],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002745889,0.0001430314,0.0003002248,0.000078999685,0.0003820347,0.00003606821,0.0002473319,0.0011310186,0.00009931629],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008060335,0.000092151815,0.00007247476,0.000042852644,0.0020076958,0.000102843806,0.00010714122,0.0036380293,0.000016178683],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006676967,0.0000014060596,0.000055156786,0.000018641027,0.000042050677,4.2276758e-7,0.008194397,9.6925376e-8,7.411017e-7,0.9785504,0.0021121453,0.011017887],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000174909,0.000014286781,0.00028445464,0.00015165196,0.000104781655,0.0000010136944,0.0062763444,0.00006710322,0.0000014515387,0.8394168,0.15338342,0.0001237899],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011895612,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0037205634,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.15127127,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000032011696,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002689283,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9986606},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4377992433","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-22767-8_405","title":"Academic Ethics and Academic Integrity","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Brandon University","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Research integrity; Engineering ethics; Political science; Engineering","score_opus":0.17067972816899293,"score_gpt":0.39449361383072507,"score_spread":0.22381388566173213,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4377992433","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000038876035,0.0012531005,0.0001881042,0.04612912,0.0012500756,0.00037040413,0.00007275884,0.0005707511,0.9501268],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0007170125,0.07236654,0.0001663965,0.0051154345,0.001861889,0.000007646437,0.0000338956,0.00006608269,0.9196651],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9966416,0.00033555075,0.0005762511,0.0006439544,0.0012062083,0.0005964694],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99531025,0.0036172036,0.00026989664,0.00021841448,0.00022488197,0.00035936694],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00933598,0.00040532852,0.00051771867,0.0002410552,0.0010425288,0.000050449078,0.00082021556,0.022907617,0.0015740364],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004089895,0.0003821707,0.00015421744,0.000090311056,0.0014299583,0.00033821756,0.00031017573,0.08594187,0.0020096293],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006489603,8.2699216e-7,0.000045795045,0.000034187688,0.00003099861,0.0000076981105,0.009522011,7.475413e-8,0.000004156191,0.9260177,0.05935652,0.0049735284],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004896933,0.000009341662,0.000016145617,0.00025013913,0.000041183845,0.000003043815,0.0012419585,0.0000062763625,0.000004567341,0.4163709,0.5817072,0.0003003013],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0027745627,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001547501,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.52235067,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019232444,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0011141195,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999863},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4377992567","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-22767-8_1308","title":"Academic Integrity and University Corporate Accountability","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Accountability; Political science; Business; Engineering; Engineering ethics; Law","score_opus":0.09720248122422767,"score_gpt":0.3023784971448379,"score_spread":0.20517601592061022,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4377992567","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0006807173,0.0000909739,0.00008220956,0.0047961287,0.0005315093,0.00028290827,0.0001441246,0.0003398301,0.9930516],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0050380025,0.0051750885,0.00008838341,0.00032003762,0.00038122822,4.0653075e-7,0.000030527248,0.000021124251,0.9889452],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99840057,0.00013348422,0.00022403731,0.00046616668,0.0004698076,0.00030595242],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986562,0.00049613597,0.00026531416,0.00018217812,0.00019120215,0.00020898109],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0025667679,0.00023383649,0.00033681802,0.0001279685,0.0005483943,0.000034812434,0.00046835814,0.004410567,0.0017012053],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00031286036,0.00023716802,0.00010110713,0.00007778541,0.0011724522,0.0002538797,0.00021805601,0.009152966,0.0007662783],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016813836,0.000001822161,0.00049363746,0.00001580384,0.0000231456,0.000010852776,0.0020058688,5.1758533e-8,0.0000011757323,0.9718892,0.022961456,0.0025801852],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006237194,0.000008461736,0.00020503893,0.00006156847,0.000038613845,0.0000010533016,0.0022215894,0.0000064312917,0.0000011240065,0.34739047,0.6497617,0.00024159068],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007681322,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008830284,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.62680024,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002842543,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00064810715,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9992114},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4378232964","doi":"10.1007/978-981-287-079-7_83-1","title":"Global Perspectives on Academic Integrity: Introduction","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Misconduct; Research integrity; Section (typography); Structural integrity; Engineering ethics; Key (lock); Political science; Sociology; Computer science; Engineering; Law; Computer security","score_opus":0.04492821389248983,"score_gpt":0.33218286561629334,"score_spread":0.2872546517238035,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4378232964","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000023740216,0.00032618645,0.000149689,0.04400698,0.002576145,0.00029215054,0.00007627874,0.00059471175,0.9519541],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0012023584,0.0066215843,0.00008898558,0.00062505313,0.011912092,0.000006587788,0.00004174431,0.000034804678,0.9794668],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9975072,0.0001174639,0.0003227418,0.0006920012,0.0009434828,0.000417089],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998914,0.00025791352,0.0001803228,0.00024538816,0.00023743916,0.00016492377],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0017325504,0.00032281742,0.00035669733,0.0001719376,0.00048614305,0.000058778704,0.0005488432,0.0048051523,0.0042996197],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001121174,0.00030061504,0.00021452397,0.00013426626,0.0006332151,0.00017020573,0.00008808046,0.008177651,0.0051251557],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000017798857,0.0000039646998,0.000009132271,0.000004272172,0.000039115563,0.0000043006435,0.0040718005,9.351108e-7,3.316879e-7,0.74382746,0.24681875,0.00520214],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000044281947,0.000031434138,0.00001309131,0.00006286114,0.000029140332,0.0000019641598,0.009315562,0.0000027406493,0.0000011429471,0.33204776,0.65821123,0.0002387891],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0020024825,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001520596,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.41177967,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001018425,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00046276924,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99994457},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4378697600","doi":"10.1007/978-981-287-079-7_165-1","title":"Academic and Research Integrity as Transdisciplinary Fields of Scholarship and Professional Practice","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Transdisciplinarity; Scholarship; Engineering ethics; Stakeholder; Sociology; Work (physics); Political science; Social science; Engineering; Public relations","score_opus":0.1794728103115736,"score_gpt":0.48095187061691946,"score_spread":0.3014790603053459,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4378697600","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.005243034,0.0012794501,0.000013461873,0.04151123,0.00039649132,0.00050018006,0.000034895176,0.00006312401,0.95095813],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.068401664,0.014591722,0.00035538405,0.00051249395,0.0005244948,0.000012266418,0.000017924218,0.000029742583,0.9155543],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9968126,0.0006316089,0.00039205153,0.00044030632,0.001356001,0.00036744392],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9936388,0.005446348,0.00015496514,0.00014760166,0.00039197062,0.00022027797],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.011194179,0.00018607338,0.00032520678,0.0002567107,0.0007519208,0.000043654316,0.0004013216,0.005423005,0.0005965099],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0043914746,0.00015924366,0.0000617805,0.00010956833,0.0015811434,0.0004910048,0.0003070344,0.018862627,0.00007767134],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011638494,0.000010421989,0.000096342075,0.000104122235,0.00003927128,0.000019143756,0.03095144,2.7692604e-8,0.000022374767,0.95811784,0.0061129606,0.0044096955],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00016954362,0.00012825045,0.00023186483,0.00095493975,0.000056102414,0.0000173189,0.02722562,0.000004196628,0.000051893512,0.77734107,0.19355676,0.0002624708],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0012532953,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005350114,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.18744381,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000045444012,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00086392387,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99586815},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4379032086","doi":"10.1007/978-981-287-079-7_159-1","title":"Designing International Research to Promote Academic Integrity: From Funding to Educating","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec en Outaouais","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; General partnership; Dream; Public relations; Research integrity; Political science; Engineering ethics; Pedagogy; Management; Sociology; Psychology; Engineering; Law","score_opus":0.29024431262974687,"score_gpt":0.4635236848789639,"score_spread":0.17327937224921702,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4379032086","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000462794,0.000053732234,0.0028461085,0.05107513,0.003412184,0.000924618,0.000087392975,0.00032409932,0.94081396],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0026509708,0.00032572137,0.013944494,0.0018210338,0.0068468275,0.00006224651,0.00007826738,0.00009290516,0.97417754],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99505734,0.0002693193,0.0006009951,0.00089774985,0.0022387188,0.0009358571],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99601716,0.0022406722,0.00014388436,0.00027197652,0.00068821386,0.00063807203],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.010519245,0.0003165732,0.00039235523,0.0009823792,0.00102966,0.00029911846,0.0019339891,0.0029452858,0.004177806],"category_scores_gemma":[0.007266222,0.0003276268,0.00013381313,0.00033530183,0.00019801702,0.0002551275,0.00079500035,0.0137445675,0.009091299],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000024409626,0.0000058502087,0.000078556914,0.000009421888,0.000086716675,0.000015934715,0.048860375,0.0000030662682,0.0005212961,0.731822,0.17382388,0.044748485],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000042932683,0.000029707522,0.000013818425,0.0012547469,0.000014368881,9.26847e-7,0.010247822,0.000017706754,0.00018992042,0.16951844,0.81828177,0.00038784812],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.016558334,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0035155865,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6444579,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0011671587,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0012323802,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99991757},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4380032122","doi":"10.1007/978-981-287-079-7_122-1","title":"Academic Integrity Policies in Hispanic South American Higher Education: Status and Recommendations","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Political science; Misconduct; Higher education; Public relations; Research integrity; Engineering ethics; Public administration; Engineering; Law","score_opus":0.06651282585601474,"score_gpt":0.3620222372898466,"score_spread":0.29550941143383186,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4380032122","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0010153917,0.00045692734,0.000007550357,0.05758635,0.0012381073,0.00031376275,0.00010677479,0.0001904791,0.93908465],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.017217565,0.011162535,0.00020142844,0.0027745962,0.0009191337,0.000022923457,0.00010018105,0.00003687124,0.96756476],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982388,0.00013926532,0.00042062232,0.00039165013,0.00034680267,0.00046286653],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987414,0.00048879645,0.00026680232,0.00016792072,0.0001098638,0.00022525771],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00087093527,0.00025191766,0.0003721397,0.00038795156,0.00031245343,0.00006137512,0.00031524542,0.0014980516,0.0028826895],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002397125,0.00024887655,0.000071185816,0.0002025667,0.00078399683,0.00017782468,0.00012145745,0.0059908275,0.00037428818],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000036701335,0.000005455793,0.0014918561,0.0000079473075,0.000015598625,4.311892e-7,0.0112608,7.027159e-8,4.2937887e-7,0.92776054,0.04610424,0.0133489575],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000052084513,0.000016979679,0.0033141398,0.00014493827,0.000023008131,4.1596428e-7,0.009996327,0.0000010372249,3.2445723e-7,0.14946768,0.8367054,0.000277687],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.04113179,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.013475179,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.79060113,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00041443008,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0012753818,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99999636},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4380271619","doi":"10.58304/ijts.20230309","title":"What Are ESL Students' Academic Integrity Challenges and How Can Universities Help?","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of TESOL Studies","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Thompson Rivers University","funders":"Thompson Rivers University","keywords":"Academic integrity; Mathematics education; Psychology; Computer science; Pedagogy; Medical education; Engineering ethics; Engineering; Medicine","score_opus":0.10440618971160114,"score_gpt":0.39803600424015373,"score_spread":0.2936298145285526,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4380271619","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6654227,0.039091952,0.000009533526,0.2904453,0.0041135713,0.00007909823,0.000017489634,0.000046342608,0.0007740743],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6836581,0.31320757,0.000031119896,0.0003703369,0.0009567274,0.0000012981188,8.9710704e-7,0.000004791609,0.0017691228],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9980282,0.00022514148,0.00021847327,0.00013719966,0.0011716322,0.00021935068],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99789304,0.00079667714,0.000370431,0.000045831595,0.00079846405,0.000095572424],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0017688314,0.0001224906,0.00026649542,0.0002823974,0.0002869929,0.00015081624,0.0007802439,0.00026655535,0.000012639502],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0011674021,0.00010306629,0.00008976647,0.000118834985,0.0004491047,0.0009549097,0.0002949796,0.0015633726,0.000007105086],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00022147564,0.00010650051,0.06564281,0.00008552586,0.0037359789,0.00079258974,0.72527546,0.000020234409,0.00018883465,0.060432784,0.07091496,0.07258286],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003568169,0.000053588232,0.017556375,0.00062926416,0.000045061708,0.000029347542,0.91432494,0.0000062715967,0.000090832866,0.009321614,0.05744703,0.000138863],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001235105,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00062200695,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.29007494,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00026243928,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015036746,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.67921627},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4380479869","doi":"10.1007/978-981-287-079-7_158-1","title":"Integrity as a Field of Scholarship: Introduction","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Research integrity; Scholarship; Scientific misconduct; Scientific integrity; Engineering ethics; Misconduct; Field (mathematics); Academic integrity; Research ethics; Section (typography); Political science; Sociology; Library science; Engineering; Computer science; Law; Medicine; Alternative medicine","score_opus":0.04734227484024284,"score_gpt":0.3380557335654782,"score_spread":0.29071345872523535,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4380479869","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00007247655,0.00009617006,0.000115803254,0.019697681,0.0015507799,0.00017824251,0.0000125500455,0.00015425148,0.97812206],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0022465712,0.0012271581,0.00019547543,0.00055745116,0.0026770665,0.0000026623509,0.00002122382,0.000019461799,0.9930529],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.998524,0.00008077615,0.0003123251,0.00028491637,0.00059557083,0.00020239799],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987873,0.00046272224,0.00018271772,0.00020750094,0.0002737192,0.00008602693],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.002078216,0.00015536054,0.0002848144,0.0001599622,0.00019585236,0.00003122783,0.00037780078,0.0028732545,0.01038495],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0026151882,0.00014701563,0.00016450808,0.00006890143,0.00024180442,0.00017086038,0.00007366765,0.0045606876,0.0016831264],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013385436,0.000003788213,0.000019972696,0.000016208163,0.00003116599,0.0000026235389,0.0012466493,8.396269e-8,0.000008189051,0.9053203,0.08646155,0.0068760742],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000026959931,0.000032444703,0.0000057956727,0.00006485954,0.00002164314,9.661518e-7,0.00044460068,4.262007e-7,0.00015346009,0.38089955,0.6182364,0.00011288792],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0053413,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0027650688,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5317749,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008731541,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00034661443,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9990942},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4380838128","doi":"10.1007/978-981-287-079-7_113-1","title":"Writing the Self: Ghostwriter Perspectives and Identity Construction","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Identity (music); Judgement; Cheating; Misconduct; Sociology; Psychology; Aesthetics; Political science; Social psychology; Law; Art","score_opus":0.025153939922926104,"score_gpt":0.30405158794477644,"score_spread":0.27889764802185035,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4380838128","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00020036603,0.0004064484,0.0001010683,0.008097193,0.0004403659,0.00019774277,0.00001559477,0.00022714133,0.99031407],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.005700199,0.008882938,0.00046594493,0.0004004413,0.0017246719,0.0000044148333,0.0000055838727,0.000024788389,0.982791],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99892384,0.00007537692,0.00017043899,0.00024916962,0.0003972136,0.00018397786],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99918306,0.00042498112,0.00010168225,0.00009693566,0.00013929582,0.000054029388],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0014042333,0.00013269627,0.00015171278,0.000064940934,0.00095055357,0.00019950491,0.0002000247,0.00095956173,0.0010915238],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001753665,0.000100009245,0.000077762525,0.00003974901,0.00075893523,0.00030248385,0.00008835359,0.001576381,0.0002423912],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000012327448,0.0000010414956,0.00006227852,0.0000070263873,0.0000360205,0.000002686237,0.017121663,2.009271e-8,5.10027e-7,0.9763951,0.0032584402,0.0031139867],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005841125,0.0000086399505,0.00014887779,0.000089900524,0.00006721123,0.000011961692,0.08518214,0.000010007618,0.0000013335421,0.47206208,0.4421302,0.00022925509],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0015048609,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001981571,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.504333,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008082869,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000108676446,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998216},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4380871055","doi":"10.1177/00332941231184385","title":"A Pre-Registered Examination of the Relationship Between Psychopathy, Boredom-Proneness, and University-Level Cheating","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Psychological Reports","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Boredom; Psychology; Social psychology; Facet (psychology); Psychopathy; Clinical psychology; Personality; Big Five personality traits","score_opus":0.17323016313124767,"score_gpt":0.37912150620216734,"score_spread":0.20589134307091966,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4380871055","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95887715,0.000022094411,0.00033228926,0.00245588,0.0002253857,0.00023620053,0.00000805251,0.000070484166,0.037772458],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99640095,0.000035556848,0.00017398193,0.00004893353,0.000103486185,0.000002666727,0.000006947923,0.0000037390841,0.0032237521],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984637,0.0005023362,0.00025467484,0.00026675407,0.00033623414,0.00017628234],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985716,0.00083427416,0.00028104027,0.00019757761,0.000054140815,0.00006137708],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0026758143,0.00006896527,0.00012605402,0.00005598589,0.00045919063,0.000017032207,0.00016289568,0.0004390998,0.00002081337],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005145994,0.00005229974,0.000051387833,0.0005872732,0.0003837759,0.00011542318,0.00005693462,0.0004989896,0.0000039701617],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013055751,0.000028433942,0.9515591,0.000014769081,0.000006287228,0.000032088115,0.009120502,0.0000018009945,0.00016960001,0.023191854,0.0010107132,0.014851773],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009028728,0.000017291226,0.97454345,0.00004216388,0.00001132165,0.000009211959,0.0014340582,0.0000054632696,0.000024690453,0.02040057,0.0033559017,0.000065557244],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002322465,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004609695,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03752378,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003507232,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000029935836,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6160607},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4381327392","doi":"10.1136/bmj-2022-072929","title":"Poor visibility of retracted articles: a problem that should no longer be ignored","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"BMJ","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval; Hôpital du Saint-Sacrement","funders":"","keywords":"Visibility; Computer science; Data science; Geography; Meteorology","score_opus":0.10426781825665775,"score_gpt":0.37357490914082003,"score_spread":0.26930709088416227,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4381327392","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.91251916,0.0000306329,0.000067920315,0.028294576,0.0005019825,0.0007203656,0.000050515126,0.0002649533,0.057549898],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99305505,0.000038683145,0.00056033564,0.00069730845,0.00038629907,0.000021534046,0.0000136483695,0.000008480258,0.0052186903],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981851,0.0003068223,0.00030140788,0.00021926493,0.0006435563,0.00034382896],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99897224,0.0003325002,0.00013553514,0.00019273792,0.00026404666,0.000102943246],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00418622,0.00008591668,0.00017627666,0.00006357102,0.00018936719,0.000028959383,0.00027510725,0.0006244913,0.00077213737],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002936091,0.00007555367,0.0000871714,0.0005979217,0.00027009414,0.0002074126,0.00005421956,0.0006918139,0.0003431818],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013915481,0.00016731297,0.04441001,0.000112588,0.0000694355,0.00002619904,0.06348603,0.0000107164215,0.0057844706,0.01125868,0.8638839,0.010651459],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0016659767,0.00032696687,0.26779556,0.00047179323,0.0001496329,0.0000055568216,0.09412678,0.003250397,0.02033846,0.06680216,0.5437577,0.0013090296],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004527714,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0016679966,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.32012627,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000051460873,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018565205,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8454363},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4381413880","doi":"10.1007/978-981-287-079-7_146-1","title":"Understanding and Addressing Drivers of Corruption in Academic Publishing","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Publishing; Publication; Misappropriation; Incentive; Language change; Payment; Public relations; Political science; Promotion (chess); Misconduct; Audience measurement; Business; Advertising; Economics; Law; Finance","score_opus":0.35641039343341335,"score_gpt":0.36533715552487644,"score_spread":0.008926762091463092,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4381413880","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00027196982,0.0001363828,0.00083708536,0.001992145,0.0004072528,0.00015614783,0.000015454607,0.00007275437,0.9961108],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.23309994,0.008437519,0.00018211668,0.000309675,0.000493037,0.0000020020339,0.00004062148,0.00004334538,0.75739175],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99864024,0.00006147928,0.0003063719,0.0002272085,0.0005345041,0.0002301885],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989989,0.00058470503,0.00022747494,0.00006008213,0.000053833875,0.00007502905],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0025245661,0.00012462189,0.0002452632,0.00036860435,0.000198882,0.00010974098,0.0002180331,0.0029221172,0.00027875276],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00067855616,0.00013123098,0.00004634612,0.00008956222,0.00040754533,0.000752758,0.000085061416,0.003563427,0.000013151955],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004816514,6.740609e-7,0.0005707935,0.000028198163,0.000009503177,0.000004346822,0.010244483,0.0000030623144,0.0000094921,0.98303026,0.004234625,0.0018597746],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002842407,0.000016113807,0.00019852855,0.0023949593,0.000043773256,0.0000017271103,0.036158714,0.00022623847,0.0000072346766,0.9079057,0.052354243,0.00040855387],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001978435,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0032786808,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.23871906,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00038041366,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001891506,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99873537},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4382567762","doi":"10.1007/978-981-287-079-7_153-1","title":"Academic Integrity and Artificial Intelligence: An Overview","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"George Brown College; University of Calgary; Brock University","funders":"","keywords":"Cognitive science; Academic integrity; Computer science; Artificial intelligence; Psychology; Library science","score_opus":0.238991947888491,"score_gpt":0.40635899596182706,"score_spread":0.16736704807333605,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4382567762","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000060159742,0.00207033,0.00043125832,0.0071642874,0.0011723972,0.00039839235,0.00007123432,0.00043455968,0.9881974],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0013704926,0.0627544,0.0002838155,0.0013178923,0.0023359375,0.000008306605,0.00006118423,0.000058574708,0.9318094],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9975777,0.00015753195,0.00053862884,0.0005684242,0.0007223514,0.0004353401],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986035,0.0005115542,0.00018353894,0.00022668262,0.00015330962,0.00032136898],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.003305469,0.00032379013,0.00044217406,0.00018238512,0.00053282775,0.00010383535,0.00060563866,0.005293578,0.004159266],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005208153,0.00030109778,0.00012622328,0.0000881046,0.00082871,0.00030435072,0.0001650334,0.01072901,0.0015551005],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007051419,0.0000033773179,0.0000067186165,0.000022120046,0.000018348816,0.0000073954216,0.0035189097,1.4273687e-7,0.0000015025958,0.8986547,0.0049536326,0.09280608],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000074964064,0.000022944181,0.0000058628525,0.00014592627,0.000031937114,0.0000018491575,0.0016758351,0.000036674697,0.000007843625,0.65408653,0.3437074,0.00026966914],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00388873,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006976681,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3387538,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011769614,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00048673016,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999441},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4383960029","doi":"10.1007/978-981-287-079-7_99-1","title":"Teaching Academic Integrity as Good Historical Practice","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Mount Allison University; University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Formative assessment; Scholarship; Engineering ethics; Openness to experience; Discipline; Indigenous; Research integrity; Pedagogy; Sociology; Political science; Psychology; Social science; Law; Engineering; Social psychology","score_opus":0.07212343811111827,"score_gpt":0.3645992818671519,"score_spread":0.29247584375603364,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4383960029","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0000021916549,0.00044982941,0.00032496743,0.06698563,0.002537111,0.00028572348,0.000013548579,0.0006514577,0.92874956],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00021583517,0.0030349311,0.0008275001,0.0041359426,0.003703117,0.000008237722,0.000022964154,0.000068288726,0.98798317],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99633086,0.00044438403,0.00058343814,0.0006184091,0.0014562432,0.00056664593],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99536204,0.003372448,0.00042194378,0.0002763184,0.00023424324,0.00033299704],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0071283756,0.00037534832,0.0005242599,0.00020993683,0.0009681329,0.00006703506,0.0009663521,0.0077421204,0.0023369559],"category_scores_gemma":[0.009411349,0.00035754647,0.00027157672,0.00006569968,0.0002509475,0.00052029546,0.00021883326,0.034592714,0.008275457],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012420506,0.0000069092157,0.000003687489,0.000009627911,0.000043591892,0.000035495046,0.004747747,6.542586e-8,0.0000012713108,0.74926555,0.23801018,0.0078634415],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005070781,0.000028257175,7.035029e-7,0.00011314507,0.00009341777,0.000012115818,0.001778521,0.0000032634744,9.1209097e-7,0.22533058,0.77224576,0.00034265034],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.06373007,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0017941984,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.53423554,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002233829,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0011001183,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99988765},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4384135204","doi":"10.1007/978-981-287-079-7_84-1","title":"Academic Integrity in North America: A Comparison of Canada and the USA","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Honor; Academic integrity; Accreditation; Misconduct; Political science; Corporate governance; Indigenization; Equity (law); Diversity (politics); Quality assurance; Management; Sociology; Law; Engineering ethics; Engineering; External quality assessment","score_opus":0.052898768511731635,"score_gpt":0.31372953631121436,"score_spread":0.2608307677994827,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4384135204","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.007884519,0.00040016678,0.000022842269,0.006334898,0.00040172387,0.00040460637,0.00008331487,0.000025687705,0.98444223],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.23434435,0.003684327,0.00003788961,0.0009981777,0.00024262084,0.000008974872,0.00001946979,0.000018716853,0.7606455],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982545,0.00015340095,0.00047995377,0.0002234586,0.00061473914,0.00027396285],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.997949,0.0014788718,0.00027868722,0.00012626672,0.00007951596,0.00008763054],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012583003,0.00017082311,0.00055359723,0.00007670537,0.00019265157,0.000011548751,0.00047542967,0.0011344713,0.0003858059],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00061582885,0.000116668256,0.0000597241,0.00011761526,0.0012167677,0.00004875872,0.00011333344,0.0068648253,0.000020734939],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000043564,0.0000031526356,0.0314563,0.000023348652,0.000038088052,0.0000047345216,0.01823032,0.0000053809686,1.1766883e-7,0.90706545,0.03757187,0.0055576656],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00044816767,0.000021878197,0.007486036,0.00020549148,0.000060925464,9.417333e-7,0.011875329,0.00025377097,0.0000020499779,0.059104536,0.92009634,0.00044452908],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9802319,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.99930704,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8825245,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017210859,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0014718942,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99542636},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4384469708","doi":"10.1007/s40979-023-00136-1","title":"Student perceptions of academic misconduct amongst their peers during the rapid transition to remote instruction","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Educational Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Misconduct; Academic integrity; Psychology; Student engagement; Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Pandemic; Perception; Medical education; Mathematics education; Pedagogy; Social psychology; Political science; Medicine","score_opus":0.04842813834164943,"score_gpt":0.40661397620512507,"score_spread":0.35818583786347563,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4384469708","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.86045533,0.000041487277,0.0010507673,0.13073032,0.005839335,0.00036720643,0.00017523284,0.000036261168,0.0013040857],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9917189,0.0006317855,0.0005066494,0.0007379156,0.003741423,0.000032173306,0.00008294809,0.000013815438,0.0025344198],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99769056,0.000272517,0.0005449012,0.00021406038,0.00098613,0.0002918406],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9973707,0.00065849605,0.0002524664,0.00010750624,0.0014413814,0.00016943557],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0027624003,0.00014059966,0.00015703627,0.00038636656,0.0009966803,0.00011704175,0.00096522033,0.0003440066,0.00079641846],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0013416937,0.00010946861,0.00025491073,0.00042487893,0.00027230626,0.0006018184,0.000046797286,0.0020204904,0.00006382772],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0011123628,0.0005456278,0.022371322,0.00008545051,0.0013378675,0.0000073273727,0.46014944,0.003716867,0.03084749,0.22138785,0.15989588,0.09854253],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0014727642,0.0001595724,0.41814712,0.0005155852,0.00010578538,0.00028308027,0.29137817,0.0008653729,0.002840048,0.11623531,0.16735767,0.0006395226],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00091747614,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00024270546,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3957758,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00060121046,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006346066,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.87781376},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4384663396","doi":"10.1136/bmjebm-2022-111921","title":"Reducing the residue of retractions in evidence synthesis: ways to minimise inappropriate citation and use of retracted data","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"BMJ evidence-based medicine","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"Alfred P. Sloan Foundation","keywords":"Citation; Systematic review; MEDLINE; Computer science; Medical literature; Data science; Medicine; Political science; Library science; Law","score_opus":0.35376102033369716,"score_gpt":0.42625773168766457,"score_spread":0.0724967113539674,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4384663396","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8193047,0.0012706527,0.0014789435,0.17554834,0.00047694048,0.0015004138,0.0000482213,0.00007336167,0.00029839305],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99353236,0.0037545827,0.001726786,0.00045450253,0.00032080803,0.000054932792,0.000012738324,0.000010027705,0.00013327984],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99664915,0.0009135688,0.0007529228,0.00038326147,0.0010177542,0.00028334794],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9761715,0.022236042,0.00041387478,0.00067092676,0.0003791818,0.0001285061],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.017688446,0.00012242136,0.00034043385,0.00041944496,0.00022033109,0.00002187372,0.00063100987,0.0003694937,0.000078605284],"category_scores_gemma":[0.21192709,0.000088419074,0.00002738354,0.0022736387,0.00064676267,0.0009975825,0.00010039895,0.00082166685,0.0000073705546],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0061907796,0.00032289492,0.0907215,0.002982691,0.00021657348,0.00019624906,0.23659325,0.002952592,0.12369359,0.022835374,0.3811357,0.13215879],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001567344,0.0011562422,0.7119565,0.12707621,0.0008772072,0.000015947766,0.092896126,0.018432207,0.022527112,0.0067342985,0.015739854,0.0010209342],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02823934,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0033047737,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.621235,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008541364,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00067812146,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.97823167},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"methods","study_design":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre":"methods","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"methods","study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"commentary","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W4384931546","doi":"10.1177/09610006231187686","title":"Pedagogical strategy for scholarly communication literacy and avoiding deceptive publishing practices","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Librarianship and Information Science","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Publishing; Public relations; Scholarly communication; Literacy; Perspective (graphical); Best practice; Sociology; Psychology; Political science; Pedagogy; Computer science","score_opus":0.22168858326046045,"score_gpt":0.4330245079237446,"score_spread":0.21133592466328413,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4384931546","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.86237556,0.000519236,0.010641115,0.073092654,0.00045662478,0.00033292023,0.00001736135,0.000061078346,0.05250346],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9943418,0.0016634838,0.0028995872,0.0007976927,0.00014914543,0.000002171621,0.0000041645867,0.0000016366429,0.00014030517],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985273,0.00023402956,0.00040031457,0.00006584199,0.000580503,0.00019204222],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9964249,0.001727372,0.0009406842,0.000063182895,0.000670907,0.00017291351],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts","scholarly_communication"],"consensus_categories":["scholarly_communication"],"category_scores_codex":[0.01567985,0.000054280627,0.00009903853,0.00042135958,0.0016237826,0.009475151,0.0004996338,0.00018349693,0.000015260723],"category_scores_gemma":[0.020474501,0.000043816788,0.000024865863,0.000905208,0.00041749314,0.21484315,0.000081228085,0.0010054774,0.000003885759],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000048852566,0.0000060536718,0.004751234,0.000020723262,0.000005740434,4.288574e-7,0.18756759,0.000014358451,0.00008121909,0.75812393,0.00215024,0.047229607],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00071575615,0.00020732121,0.042379346,0.00021219019,0.000022737526,0.0000431277,0.3499329,0.0036939925,0.00016494995,0.07965572,0.5227558,0.00021611051],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006661643,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000050600092,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6784682,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003385441,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006612281,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999676},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385337036","doi":"10.1016/j.cmi.2023.07.022","title":"Retracted publications in infectious diseases and clinical microbiology literature: an analysis using the retraction watch database","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Clinical Microbiology and Infection","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"York University","keywords":"Clinical microbiology; Medicine; Library science; Data science; Microbiology; Computer science; Biology","score_opus":0.05952147022770649,"score_gpt":0.4175446710175391,"score_spread":0.35802320078983263,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4385337036","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9945124,0.00018532318,0.00032509107,0.0029532972,0.0013416964,0.0002578558,0.00011732583,0.00014389933,0.00016311597],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99048346,0.006927996,0.000041154894,0.0006976049,0.00070849236,0.000009499863,0.00097318896,0.0000069947005,0.00015159133],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99556905,0.0028161746,0.0007167523,0.0005468486,0.000032276494,0.0003189242],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9970197,0.0021762105,0.00025231944,0.00023928603,0.00017474937,0.00013771921],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.006257669,0.0001416821,0.00037254766,0.00028591335,0.00077285245,0.00009849086,0.00013004713,0.0022356408,0.000059925696],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0039238515,0.00010659713,0.00015255545,0.0018318585,0.0012661865,0.0005114376,0.0000869029,0.0027896822,0.00001549425],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000048016413,0.0001618994,0.9918636,0.000005991562,0.00014594749,0.0000017396264,0.0006011611,0.000008317063,0.0018007183,0.0016495201,0.0014929024,0.0022201603],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005368025,0.00019128952,0.93856287,0.00003106654,0.0005097133,0.00004827152,0.0004404217,0.001553151,0.000013811404,0.0014622044,0.056413196,0.00023717635],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001389559,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006585749,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.054920293,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000055309578,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010565418,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99951094},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"evaluation","study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"evaluation","study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"}],"label_agreement":"agree"},{"id":"W4385366742","doi":"10.20378/irb-56855","title":"IAT Faking Indices Revisited : Aspects of Replicability and Differential Validity (Poster)","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Queen's University","keywords":"Psychology; Differential (mechanical device); Engineering","score_opus":0.05929546041802227,"score_gpt":0.34415767675871994,"score_spread":0.2848622163406977,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4385366742","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8355506,0.0002316354,0.0002778917,0.00141614,0.0006225519,0.0005522601,0.0001227262,0.00010676771,0.16111942],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981491,0.00048022097,0.0001646875,0.00014317733,0.0003566954,0.000018897184,0.00006244567,0.000009574024,0.0006151971],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99654317,0.0012260512,0.00050082244,0.0006709076,0.0007645262,0.00029449872],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981015,0.0006918041,0.0005063919,0.00046229924,0.00011805202,0.00011998924],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0032668086,0.00020726986,0.00052456325,0.000109523775,0.0005208142,0.00009806735,0.0006433912,0.0011559776,0.004833589],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0013433561,0.00019451196,0.00017307777,0.00016850569,0.00042272778,0.00010591019,0.0015499126,0.0032118137,0.0000029782689],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00027773407,0.000498573,0.39377823,0.0025395488,0.00045584404,0.000027012813,0.14918508,0.0000109139,0.0006880298,0.42539707,0.00569434,0.021447616],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010689957,0.00034110548,0.29723772,0.001040125,0.00078635756,0.000009602294,0.029571828,0.00030247547,0.0032792715,0.5348773,0.12897974,0.002505499],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.012938646,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009528503,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.16259849,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016108698,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00029184925,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9990878},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385640746","doi":"10.1007/978-981-287-079-7_194-1","title":"Comprehensive Academic Integrity (CAI): An Ethical Framework for Educational Contexts","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Engineering ethics; Argument (complex analysis); Information ethics; Research integrity; Applied ethics; Foundation (evidence); Sociology; Political science; Engineering; Medicine; Law","score_opus":0.12085076001807994,"score_gpt":0.42191974642981367,"score_spread":0.30106898641173374,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4385640746","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000047925823,0.00044018947,0.010305482,0.1344317,0.004545587,0.001475803,0.0005710924,0.00045495245,0.84772724],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0017556144,0.0016401098,0.0072427886,0.015793912,0.007084993,0.00008355662,0.00051004306,0.00009213118,0.9657968],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99703044,0.00022777876,0.0005751641,0.00068539346,0.00092245796,0.0005587595],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99016887,0.0080370195,0.00028500045,0.00028083325,0.0008301083,0.00039816572],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0020118025,0.00038935855,0.00057096814,0.00016527463,0.00085683685,0.00008333084,0.00094918336,0.017984627,0.0041251127],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0031084202,0.00037723873,0.00031256388,0.000071419934,0.0010841531,0.00017906725,0.00010784415,0.026744474,0.001216497],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000034521985,0.000008648024,0.000012717887,0.00003232239,0.000055110195,0.0000012312089,0.004459225,4.5707662e-7,0.0000015468131,0.88652295,0.10524599,0.003625265],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000060721068,0.000029485878,0.000028519436,0.00018333626,0.000029706465,0.0000011037587,0.0008638269,0.0000137517345,0.0000017423146,0.537303,0.46122703,0.0002577807],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014229002,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013778283,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.35598105,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00026675238,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0017650116,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999868},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385641357","doi":"10.1007/978-981-287-079-7_140-1","title":"Publication Ethics and Graduate Students","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Misconduct; Publication; Graduate students; Engineering ethics; Research ethics; Meta-ethics; Information ethics; Nursing ethics; Applied ethics; Political science; Graduate education; Sociology; Pedagogy; Engineering; Law","score_opus":0.21788402415302696,"score_gpt":0.4102585732683672,"score_spread":0.19237454911534022,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4385641357","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000024193929,0.000045704277,0.000060185135,0.028590938,0.00039597534,0.0001752682,0.00001545378,0.000169771,0.9705225],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0009110191,0.004890641,0.00005810798,0.0017518044,0.00036911323,0.0000039271526,0.000042113323,0.000016734995,0.99195653],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983974,0.00009324049,0.00017495654,0.00022178529,0.0009533784,0.00015925303],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99880993,0.00061476673,0.00010393392,0.00010164101,0.0002736873,0.00009604582],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.004290754,0.00010935473,0.0001334595,0.00008872612,0.0005397146,0.00016221042,0.00031920074,0.0023349556,0.0005785392],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00120428,0.000102461934,0.000039432784,0.000033600965,0.00027184555,0.00011226683,0.00010393252,0.004231842,0.0010739209],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[8.7563836e-7,0.0000014756228,0.000031036885,0.000007254525,0.000017753711,0.0000011249864,0.010018511,9.672223e-9,9.175787e-8,0.9272385,0.059860013,0.00282331],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003084624,0.0000052816663,0.0001046096,0.000038412047,0.000016689342,2.9341547e-7,0.0008975155,0.0000015440104,4.6740828e-7,0.27196348,0.7268228,0.00011809255],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0018420141,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0021617068,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.66696274,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004837983,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001826169,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997039},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre":"other","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"methods","study_design":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre":"other","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"medium"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W4385729965","doi":"10.1080/2194587x.2023.2224575","title":"Teaching the What, Why, and How of Academic Integrity: Naturalistic Evidence From College Classrooms","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of College and Character","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Academic integrity; Psychology; Academic dishonesty; Class (philosophy); Punishment (psychology); Higher education; Mathematics education; Academic standards; Graduate students; Pedagogy; Medical education; Social psychology; Political science; Medicine; Computer science","score_opus":0.04465604311242838,"score_gpt":0.323172295857925,"score_spread":0.27851625274549663,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4385729965","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8574576,0.0037164798,0.000022382763,0.13736974,0.0010116893,0.00012984022,0.00006738115,0.0000106591815,0.0002142733],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9771639,0.016818397,0.000057588037,0.0015279565,0.0011160355,0.0000019200622,0.0000016970722,0.0000073296887,0.0033051642],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9980898,0.0006200179,0.00035234663,0.00013259909,0.0005710516,0.00023421213],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99662644,0.002489503,0.0004627789,0.00008687374,0.00020690597,0.00012751635],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004056568,0.00012131419,0.0003267788,0.00012922648,0.00045759973,0.00011834719,0.000384631,0.0005472794,0.000052117295],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0016787823,0.00007674812,0.0000885887,0.00025511545,0.00034534646,0.001614959,0.00008535843,0.0040527456,0.0000033555543],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0012032918,0.00010657159,0.04408552,0.00028728688,0.00074255886,0.00045020742,0.26325074,0.0000012812479,0.024877064,0.11972897,0.48433107,0.060935464],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009450017,0.0002513859,0.06382718,0.0037830945,0.0003130971,0.00014996073,0.19904304,0.00042724548,0.0005634361,0.033175528,0.6970807,0.00044034622],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00044072382,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002243658,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.21274963,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000045392928,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00020146718,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99824494},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385804204","doi":"10.1016/j.cedpsych.2023.102213","title":"Effects of honor code reminders on university students’ cheating in unproctored exams: A double-blind randomized controlled field study","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Contemporary Educational Psychology","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Cheating; Honesty; Academic integrity; Psychology; Honor; Academic dishonesty; Test (biology); Medical education; Social psychology; Mathematics education; Computer science; Internet privacy; Medicine","score_opus":0.0709526495026931,"score_gpt":0.41607062407107226,"score_spread":0.34511797456837917,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4385804204","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.93924856,0.0001034861,0.000024891071,0.015276411,0.0011621736,0.0034259693,0.0000034508153,0.000038431215,0.040716622],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9928901,0.000060744995,0.000014190654,0.00076027727,0.000197004,0.00012132466,0.000019469873,0.0000075879775,0.0059292885],"study_design_codex":"randomized_trial","study_design_gemma":"randomized_trial","domain_scores_codex":[0.99666524,0.0018307042,0.0004939868,0.0003564919,0.00041557229,0.00023801033],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.98980355,0.009545421,0.00029993424,0.00015217226,0.00011362494,0.000085316045],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0048161694,0.00013895986,0.0007510477,0.0004109475,0.00019033324,0.00001623022,0.0005005929,0.0004088221,0.00013270619],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0025441928,0.00013143294,0.0001453103,0.00062827574,0.00027664818,0.0001287536,0.00003899642,0.00068449305,0.000039925497],"study_design_candidate":"randomized_trial","study_design_consensus":"randomized_trial","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.6405907,0.0033141868,0.19165394,0.00006206972,0.0006921663,0.000054436525,0.09273869,0.00001694733,0.00015079661,0.035365753,0.034328923,0.0010313448],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.900135,0.00039503118,0.051506493,0.00018223877,0.00008583222,7.6580653e-7,0.037803028,0.00002724262,0.00007334638,0.00614001,0.0033327239,0.0003182913],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0019204363,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00039138275,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.25954425,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000088792185,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00058216695,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.53596795},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385895726","doi":"10.1080/03075079.2023.2246073","title":"Effects of academic dishonesty policy reminder on university students’ exam cheating – a double-blind randomized controlled experimental field study","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Studies in Higher Education","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Philosophy and Social Science Foundation of Hunan Province; Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Cheating; Academic dishonesty; Honesty; Psychology; Academic integrity; Dishonesty; Higher education; Social psychology; Medical education; Pedagogy; Political science; Law; Medicine","score_opus":0.0799453911434965,"score_gpt":0.4490653310688532,"score_spread":0.36911993992535674,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4385895726","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9827542,0.0007107645,8.542342e-7,0.0026641444,0.0020975906,0.002815205,6.2259136e-7,0.000048195972,0.008908443],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9882559,0.0006033463,0.000008451661,0.00016672684,0.00060347887,0.00021053669,0.0000026142504,0.0000069732905,0.010141972],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.997554,0.0010476476,0.0003687964,0.00025221062,0.0005256628,0.00025165797],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.995409,0.0041064257,0.00022046981,0.00010626313,0.00010729241,0.000050550567],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002924575,0.00014185344,0.0006757407,0.00032393192,0.00033940532,0.000013246229,0.00030601412,0.00030283342,0.000038592552],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0015781365,0.00012143976,0.00010809018,0.0008058635,0.0002670665,0.00013856184,0.000113885384,0.00068441994,0.000014767026],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.16005515,0.0021467402,0.056740016,0.00013879832,0.00091590686,0.0000123140135,0.7242067,0.000022947732,0.0002988436,0.04787995,0.006793434,0.0007892062],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.44772226,0.00025795092,0.022631485,0.0004810563,0.000255968,2.6127438e-7,0.5238834,0.00000470697,0.0012709665,0.0019652026,0.001166668,0.00036007038],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0032545282,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001132181,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.28766713,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003925448,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002633105,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.495217},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386301508","doi":"10.25071/1497-3170.2469","title":"Discouraging Plagiarism in Assignment Design","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"CORE","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science","score_opus":0.0821822720682138,"score_gpt":0.3372006687103711,"score_spread":0.2550183966421573,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4386301508","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.1882048,0.0010765439,0.1917214,0.0072679697,0.0018437335,0.000924356,0.0000051206275,0.00014984544,0.60880625],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99547225,0.000088603534,0.0016287221,0.00038652663,0.00009264231,0.000011184144,0.0000012485309,0.000005660818,0.0023131564],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.998883,0.0003135417,0.00012268875,0.00014326783,0.0002534888,0.00028398357],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99958307,0.00020771421,0.000035602905,0.00008183346,0.000018968432,0.00007281209],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002073647,0.00006720685,0.000086741005,0.000047842055,0.00021613727,0.000029720844,0.0001609687,0.00036308536,0.0003146958],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00064194284,0.00006375744,0.000024887431,0.0001627091,0.000108109154,0.00008717712,0.000011828745,0.0007836694,0.000071720744],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000020720334,0.0000877742,0.070915386,0.000007821461,0.000013652085,0.000062629806,0.06665867,0.00045284047,0.0005666696,0.8088333,0.04294602,0.009434547],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008731106,0.00006137328,0.0049650967,0.00016720413,0.000020609032,0.000008172713,0.05254502,0.00069587666,0.002301697,0.20499918,0.73268455,0.0006781136],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00044129457,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000193264,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8072675,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012528636,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018151624,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3445698},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386429988","doi":"10.1007/978-981-287-079-7_91-1","title":"Coordinating Ethical Assessment at the Program Level","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Action (physics); Academic integrity; Engineering ethics; Subject (documents); Collective action; Psychology; Political science; Mathematics education; Computer science; Engineering; Law","score_opus":0.136367809326044,"score_gpt":0.4148825358368669,"score_spread":0.2785147265108229,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4386429988","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000005117167,0.000036384634,0.00021531514,0.055059902,0.0006691238,0.00055703433,0.00003572467,0.00033839943,0.943083],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0006201035,0.0002464258,0.0008573361,0.0022733412,0.00083487853,0.000039362905,0.000040024628,0.000030676598,0.9950578],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9978315,0.00017009025,0.00027730502,0.000308046,0.0010459882,0.0003670664],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978987,0.001500493,0.0001539654,0.00018398461,0.00016161102,0.000101268844],"candidate_categories":["sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0042830035,0.00019358752,0.00023060627,0.000041644547,0.0013403198,0.00011278905,0.0005246002,0.0040770485,0.005121899],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004671031,0.00012757094,0.00017351905,0.00005108992,0.00071518344,0.000039058097,0.0002688841,0.007660733,0.0012816369],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000011745436,0.000003182154,0.000010327983,0.0000066531106,0.000029794948,0.0000060409766,0.0013585043,3.293438e-7,4.3358628e-7,0.8142743,0.14017403,0.044135198],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000040397605,0.000021599377,0.000033007764,0.00006939912,0.00002769851,0.0000011643352,0.0008860899,0.00004084517,0.0000012289618,0.093700096,0.905,0.00017851626],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0023525178,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.010271145,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.76482594,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003216529,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004580449,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999598},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386846321","doi":"10.1007/s00586-023-07927-7","title":"Publication retraction in spine surgery: a systematic review","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"European Spine Journal","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; McGill University; McGill University Health Centre; Université de Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Medicine; Impact factor; MEDLINE; Notice; Bibliometrics; Systematic review; Neurosurgery; Surgery; Family medicine; Library science","score_opus":0.12867846027434374,"score_gpt":0.3998955761589875,"score_spread":0.2712171158846438,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4386846321","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[1.02057186e-7,0.96850455,0.000070937014,0.002184312,0.0012941106,0.0010999608,0.0000056824506,0.00010119324,0.026739158],"genre_scores_gemma":[4.4783042e-7,0.9860295,0.00005781117,0.0004298245,0.002294948,0.000023762657,0.000071576345,0.000067382905,0.011024748],"study_design_codex":"systematic_review","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9882994,0.0075932643,0.0024673536,0.0003011453,0.0008806397,0.00045819193],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99644613,0.00024809415,0.0025009043,0.00029278244,0.00029108222,0.0002210193],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["metaresearch"],"category_scores_codex":[0.037875842,0.0003082585,0.0021986372,0.0006953285,0.00037423245,0.00030400424,0.00073842745,0.0005370699,0.00033096835],"category_scores_gemma":[0.020649005,0.00023858249,0.0006920778,0.0018587492,0.000066598346,0.00038751992,0.000062695886,0.0052772886,0.0025286702],"study_design_candidate":"systematic_review","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[2.9325457e-7,0.000026679238,9.133606e-7,0.7221159,0.00008663595,0.0001785631,0.0003612029,4.9093785e-8,2.5797277e-8,0.00094039086,0.13782726,0.13846211],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000016949483,0.000004876536,0.000007095904,0.4400845,0.00031656565,0.00014457664,0.000052802745,4.0522255e-7,2.169987e-9,0.000016349497,0.55921894,0.00013693041],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000059486494,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000051747207,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4213917,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005560581,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008031533,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.998248},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386883513","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0291737","title":"What facilitates or prevents academic fraud in a Colombian faculty of medicine–Protocol of a study using fuzzy cognitive mapping","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"PLoS ONE","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Universidad de La Sabana","keywords":"Fuzzy cognitive map; Cognitive map; Cognition; Process (computing); Rationalization (economics); Stakeholder; Identification (biology); Medical education; Psychology; Computer science; Data science; Fuzzy logic; Artificial intelligence; Medicine; Public relations; Fuzzy control system; Management; Adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system","score_opus":0.2744672503596663,"score_gpt":0.42530206774953266,"score_spread":0.15083481738986637,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4386883513","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96509176,0.000021859087,0.000005916894,0.00075409235,0.00004431146,0.033091415,0.000053270705,0.000040978375,0.00089640176],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99261415,0.00009573165,0.000115098905,0.000074873176,0.00009098486,0.006062718,0.000011626386,0.000009769156,0.0009250364],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.99725056,0.00062142196,0.00060358254,0.00025162142,0.0009326342,0.00034016196],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99850297,0.00083729945,0.00029003614,0.000085798325,0.00020341044,0.00008049796],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0028884227,0.00012696834,0.0004893128,0.0002631747,0.00013908366,0.000010776263,0.0003079033,0.00046186364,0.00017070836],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0027080905,0.00010818785,0.00003806815,0.0012283275,0.00044989726,0.00037037442,0.00009587411,0.00095482357,0.000017894989],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005168482,0.0017219265,0.1535007,0.0007288804,0.00039852917,0.000024331592,0.82776904,0.0000070245947,0.011609934,0.00029932277,0.00036272852,0.0030607108],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0034822857,0.0007042233,0.026574502,0.008893516,0.00015190511,4.0208818e-7,0.9509788,0.000379158,0.003466042,0.0047026854,0.00038340903,0.00028306572],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0049240417,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001076867,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12692621,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009027614,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00021704828,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7443711},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386884056","doi":"10.1186/s13643-023-02316-z","title":"The relationship between methodological quality and the use of retracted publications in evidence syntheses","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Systematic Reviews","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina; Library and Archives Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Citation; Medicine; Quality (philosophy); Sample (material); Evidence-based medicine; Alternative medicine; Library science; Computer science; Pathology; Epistemology","score_opus":0.8673663191410229,"score_gpt":0.5557714441107775,"score_spread":0.3115948750302454,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4386884056","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.3147263,0.08386508,0.015573917,0.5036434,0.0013342224,0.062200435,0.0000778753,0.0005934761,0.017985314],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98705673,0.009796025,0.00076704315,0.00012024573,0.000075333366,0.0006226528,0.0000017279627,0.000003904615,0.00155634],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.95400065,0.043590054,0.001579658,0.00016228121,0.00047592222,0.00019143234],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.5464534,0.4518627,0.0010004636,0.00048185076,0.00014998797,0.000051613573],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":["metaresearch"],"category_scores_codex":[0.12415285,0.00007553697,0.000648087,0.000054263142,0.00051327393,0.000107522894,0.00041054824,0.0002643832,0.00001135839],"category_scores_gemma":[0.73058045,0.000030145738,0.000105544175,0.0010402721,0.0005822204,0.0002706479,0.00004876165,0.000631962,0.000048071903],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000078481935,0.000004769759,0.15286805,0.0065756957,0.000018110391,1.3632967e-7,0.01476651,7.121294e-7,0.0000016137424,0.8215606,0.0031772358,0.0010187025],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00014004592,0.000011831271,0.8098601,0.026867773,0.00016039396,0.000001990521,0.010400054,0.00014829793,0.0000015833947,0.08066727,0.071535595,0.00020501987],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0012422226,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00053537515,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.74089336,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000033390414,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006141867,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.90186894},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4387002596","doi":"10.1111/medu.15239","title":"Why we should view the decision of medical trainees to cheat as the product of a person‐by‐situation interaction","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Medical Education","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Product (mathematics); Medical education; Psychology; Medicine; Mathematics","score_opus":0.13113755775528263,"score_gpt":0.48330675596480344,"score_spread":0.3521691982095208,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4387002596","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00006844011,0.73592246,0.00049165287,0.25821862,0.0027053405,0.0012770882,0.000010926037,0.000030768435,0.0012747144],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00017782766,0.99329805,0.000033820823,0.0038463455,0.0015462795,0.00020752772,0.00008310156,0.000019401179,0.0007876212],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9939896,0.001306314,0.000799424,0.00033099603,0.0033394664,0.0002342084],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.995779,0.0030136274,0.0004448485,0.00030861155,0.00025269054,0.00020127186],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.010226075,0.00020194039,0.00067366444,0.00015218815,0.0002921646,0.00003595742,0.0012497603,0.0012115861,0.0021702887],"category_scores_gemma":[0.039228164,0.000105966275,0.00026894198,0.0011013646,0.0004450978,0.00011366298,0.00007269433,0.0021490776,0.00012052541],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003738651,0.00006604298,5.320364e-7,0.0008566848,0.000026634161,1.5334497e-7,0.018175047,6.748909e-8,1.8857266e-7,0.0012770254,0.28137195,0.6982219],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000035057652,0.000029522245,0.0000025941558,0.015734041,0.0001790334,0.000008551265,0.010738204,0.000017594988,0.0000021618325,0.00050442375,0.97264993,0.00009888219],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0077546686,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0015769285,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.69812304,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020613027,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.005512167,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9988528},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4387695005","doi":"10.3346/jkms.2023.38.e333","title":"Causes for Retraction in the Biomedical Literature: A Systematic Review of Studies of Retraction Notices","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Journal of Korean Medical Science","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":47,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ottawa Hospital; University of Ottawa","funders":"H. Lundbeck A/S","keywords":"Misconduct; Subspecialty; Medicine; Meta-analysis; MEDLINE; Systematic review; Confidence interval; Scientific misconduct; Publication bias; Family medicine; Internal medicine; Alternative medicine; Pathology; Political science","score_opus":0.1576615077346172,"score_gpt":0.4965828687945747,"score_spread":0.3389213610599575,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4387695005","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000010259647,0.99297905,0.00004498718,0.0041937535,0.0016676752,0.0009479235,0.00001687713,0.0000053981826,0.00013405942],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.000089790316,0.9987404,0.00013687933,0.00020680022,0.0007451501,0.000020446207,0.000003917121,0.0000066865578,0.000049964692],"study_design_codex":"systematic_review","study_design_gemma":"systematic_review","domain_scores_codex":[0.99037814,0.0016990736,0.0025860642,0.00020700057,0.0048146886,0.00031504373],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9866428,0.008053438,0.0038493515,0.00019651928,0.0010522552,0.0002056703],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["metaresearch"],"category_scores_codex":[0.07524016,0.00017741008,0.002194985,0.0005384238,0.00022666472,0.000042690288,0.0017326922,0.0009991542,0.000017941184],"category_scores_gemma":[0.15991148,0.00008625112,0.0005195613,0.0035610509,0.0021974167,0.00039902772,0.00005407096,0.0028955026,0.0000024127967],"study_design_candidate":"systematic_review","study_design_consensus":"systematic_review","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000061816486,0.00007762997,8.937152e-7,0.9633203,0.000101796395,0.000038441427,0.0063565327,3.8597868e-8,5.953146e-7,0.0028237838,0.0054582097,0.021815605],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006278503,0.00013202337,0.000001936129,0.87932557,0.0008167957,0.00010557966,0.0038586438,0.0000051458924,8.278895e-7,0.0005004917,0.11510743,0.00008276542],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007951219,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007764728,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.10964922,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00026826948,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0030984895,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99940485},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"evaluation","study_design":"systematic_review","genre":"review","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["metaepi_broad","research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"systematic_review","genre":"review","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W4387860519","doi":"10.1002/pra2.886","title":"Developing Critical Information Literacy Pedagogies in the Face of Scholarly Misconduct","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the Association for Information Science and Technology","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Higher Education Commission, Pakistan; Purdue University","keywords":"Information literacy; Misconduct; Critical literacy; Publishing; Categorization; Face (sociological concept); Sociology; Scientific misconduct; Psychology; Public relations; Pedagogy; Medical education; Political science; Social science; Medicine; Computer science; Alternative medicine","score_opus":0.040886121179700044,"score_gpt":0.3629261902064031,"score_spread":0.32204006902670307,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4387860519","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8775181,0.000017500617,0.00015313349,0.108027264,0.00021268486,0.0005463341,0.000019333878,0.00007692005,0.013428718],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990713,0.00007215583,0.00042829782,0.00034278372,0.000010919632,0.000027103719,0.0000017935257,8.10899e-7,0.000044860863],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.99860454,0.000011105158,0.00036716412,0.000055460518,0.000744398,0.00021736298],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.996557,0.00036745812,0.00041857013,0.00004396741,0.0026000077,0.000012998259],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.008080602,0.0000473614,0.000093168135,0.0006250025,0.00058985036,0.0003274131,0.0006889279,0.00027933242,7.6394394e-7],"category_scores_gemma":[0.037700027,0.00003245647,0.000021477692,0.0034024513,0.0005178137,0.01268779,0.00010558778,0.00035517276,0.000005169779],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000029759562,0.0000024145756,0.014096171,0.000040520004,0.000002102855,2.424579e-9,0.0567564,8.629204e-7,0.0002445282,0.9211858,0.00070905016,0.0069591594],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00047608963,0.00006669936,0.03537952,0.00016197607,0.000019434698,0.000002459179,0.45981216,0.0008721789,0.0145383645,0.23033813,0.25812873,0.0002042244],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006951744,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000065045356,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6908477,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015064183,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00030217934,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9704058},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4387964825","doi":"10.1016/j.jslw.2023.101064","title":"Source-based writing of the high- and low-proficiency adolescent writer in the high-school L2 classroom","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Second Language Writing","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Copying; Context (archaeology); Citation; Attribution; Computer science; Information source (mathematics); Writing process; Task (project management); Source text; Second language writing; Psychology; Process (computing); Mathematics education; Linguistics; Second language; Artificial intelligence; World Wide Web; Social psychology; Statistics","score_opus":0.012538982610856968,"score_gpt":0.2737848265360978,"score_spread":0.26124584392524086,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4387964825","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9925513,0.000652919,0.00008060174,0.0046754847,0.00020947162,0.00016000112,0.000013895682,0.000014770671,0.0016415096],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99684435,0.00004447694,0.00015690927,0.0018756993,0.0008126355,0.0000020451478,0.0000015755486,0.000010831866,0.00025148003],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9975223,0.0006220524,0.0006701094,0.00013455679,0.00067311805,0.00037786167],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982468,0.000890559,0.0005138624,0.0001378634,0.00012890063,0.00008203518],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0062810793,0.00011727531,0.00024694987,0.00017254885,0.00039955054,0.000113689064,0.00058857707,0.0002660558,0.00031063234],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0011747745,0.00007396128,0.00012128511,0.0005633293,0.00021599933,0.00022454611,0.00006547462,0.0019158211,0.000006660899],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00021410467,0.00046208166,0.46056813,0.0012697142,0.00013122513,0.00063022407,0.35922724,0.0007286143,0.06354028,0.017911777,0.014267521,0.08104909],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0019736926,0.00012639948,0.29285002,0.0027815097,0.000072931456,0.00007604618,0.6916754,0.0009404947,0.004215131,0.001486629,0.0033935704,0.0004081347],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00073641166,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005303648,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.33244818,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007425977,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022393331,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8323396},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4388028159","doi":"10.1257/aer.20210795","title":"Unpacking p-Hacking and Publication Bias","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"American Economic Review","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":43,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Desk; Unpacking; Contrast (vision); Hacker; Publication bias; Distribution (mathematics); Econometrics; Statistics; Economics; Computer science; Political science; Law; Mathematics; Computer security","score_opus":0.07308008554346349,"score_gpt":0.36325848147340567,"score_spread":0.2901783959299422,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4388028159","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.13853683,0.043624423,0.00017556848,0.25293562,0.00090144516,0.0013144641,0.000027273038,0.00080653414,0.5616779],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.3054676,0.68065196,0.00023308188,0.010816634,0.00040967684,0.000040275623,0.000028891252,0.000015398111,0.002336489],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990835,0.00020865726,0.00023473815,0.00018584011,0.0000702184,0.00021703137],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99927205,0.0002769107,0.00022231363,0.00012153534,0.000026664638,0.00008052103],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002541983,0.000065906235,0.00021874823,0.000060128972,0.00021820971,0.00006168475,0.00016977888,0.000057385852,0.00025038642],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007892206,0.00006537477,0.000044194698,0.0003029524,0.00030325504,0.0002350873,0.0000392732,0.00023607266,0.001158466],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[5.459771e-7,0.0000018155282,0.006300357,0.000088298475,0.000013091021,6.434533e-7,0.0017253028,8.25154e-7,0.0000024468036,0.0428847,0.08226197,0.86672],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000021295124,0.0000053952363,0.0018128462,0.00024156853,0.000011649582,0.000001406063,0.0010007861,0.00006885909,0.0000021450128,0.0008529067,0.995888,0.00009313654],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0031172317,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003161144,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.913626,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008874329,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000107253734,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99961925},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4388138609","doi":"10.31219/osf.io/wzehf","title":"The relationship between scientific publishing retractions and democracy","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University Medical Centre","funders":"","keywords":"Poisson regression; Democracy; Per capita; Index (typography); Statistics; Gross domestic product; Population; Demography; Linear regression; Poisson distribution; Mathematics; Econometrics; Geography; Economics; Political science; Economic growth; Law; Sociology; Politics; Computer science","score_opus":0.1918582600638338,"score_gpt":0.3835120486702934,"score_spread":0.19165378860645962,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4388138609","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.14639662,0.00056003156,0.004026884,0.5628661,0.01105313,0.0009659293,0.00014785932,0.0010073027,0.27297613],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8785446,0.00018532634,0.00042740387,0.00007996152,0.0012090479,0.000015823007,0.000078530706,0.000012285058,0.11944696],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9976812,0.00055740186,0.000305271,0.00040957847,0.00068450085,0.00036207406],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.98788166,0.011230564,0.0001901202,0.00031683888,0.00022878162,0.00015203992],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts","scholarly_communication","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0121177025,0.00011447208,0.00013147044,0.00014915733,0.008781831,0.0059495405,0.00073018105,0.0017769207,0.00005305165],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02890364,0.0000878823,0.00007437057,0.00047679062,0.00090986403,0.00087203435,0.0005104658,0.006599569,0.0001496913],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000010385517,0.000002600234,0.30637184,0.000012026668,0.000019348361,7.2195866e-7,0.0077330396,0.0000037512616,3.2380282e-7,0.49549514,0.18748118,0.002878973],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000020198842,0.0000011924271,0.19057839,0.000048150487,0.000024372772,2.6099772e-7,0.005515107,0.00003492954,9.1490136e-7,0.62179124,0.18187536,0.00010987326],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009205711,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009844414,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.73214805,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001311753,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006513605,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999519},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4388536133","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4618396","title":"Intentional Plagiarism: Testing the Risk Aversion Hypothesis of Undergraduate Students in Education","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University; Université Laval; Université du Québec en Outaouais; Université de Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Risk aversion (psychology); Psychology; Test (biology); Mathematics education; Economics; Financial economics; Expected utility hypothesis; Biology","score_opus":0.03717028704296431,"score_gpt":0.3201570538427854,"score_spread":0.2829867667998211,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4388536133","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96833825,0.0026362014,0.0025107681,0.019356042,0.0033024226,0.0006957395,0.000028109516,0.00006887994,0.0030635833],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96445215,0.030956535,0.00026969356,0.00007468213,0.0006855951,0.000009771289,0.000009596882,0.00002249993,0.0035194973],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99534076,0.0013187849,0.0005832089,0.0002835717,0.0011503061,0.0013233837],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99719006,0.0013217867,0.0009016238,0.0001765912,0.0003420376,0.00006791951],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.015703779,0.00019016166,0.00027108256,0.00025113937,0.00069487334,0.00011633194,0.0013101952,0.0009434842,0.000017730794],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004549423,0.00015256276,0.00020028057,0.0004534508,0.00021961967,0.00013589731,0.00031640482,0.0180371,0.00004591828],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014148196,0.00061566173,0.4477094,0.00008880284,0.0009395931,0.0000061301257,0.018192664,0.0023420204,0.00005746651,0.34853855,0.0050369552,0.17633127],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00017083617,0.00003605574,0.024022952,0.00037135294,0.00009325001,0.000012707905,0.026477482,0.00014273479,0.000006392748,0.9476917,0.0008165235,0.00015803432],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.016622255,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.014317483,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.59915316,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0023308252,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.011667723,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9939352},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"medium"}],"label_agreement":"agree"},{"id":"W4388976997","doi":"10.5539/ies.v16n6p112","title":"Investigating Teachers and Students’ Perceptions of Academic Plagiarism at the University Level","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Education Studies","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Psychology; Psychological intervention; Perception; Academic writing; Constructive; Time management; Higher education; Cheating; Likert scale; Pedagogy; Medical education; Mathematics education; Social psychology; Political science; Computer science","score_opus":0.12724957777623147,"score_gpt":0.4353203316320863,"score_spread":0.3080707538558548,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4388976997","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96343535,0.00034556974,0.000029274233,0.029047586,0.0011109491,0.00009340885,0.000024503974,0.000035760357,0.0058776243],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.959841,0.0035673215,0.00014989228,0.0004084907,0.00021989942,0.00000608322,0.000015147486,0.000003464798,0.03578869],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.99902785,0.00016592929,0.0001437851,0.00012743394,0.00042830154,0.00010667683],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988715,0.00057475537,0.00011128642,0.000055058623,0.00034570452,0.000041705927],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010227708,0.000058354864,0.0000795101,0.000106320746,0.000765448,0.000014940766,0.0003243065,0.00016677858,0.00007559575],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0021101446,0.000049643186,0.000029781453,0.00024350912,0.000755481,0.00016749089,0.00020610674,0.0005232709,0.000050975206],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000040113446,0.00002309347,0.5224304,0.000008180311,0.00016173419,2.469084e-7,0.3128203,0.000018234194,0.0005450301,0.030200267,0.1257088,0.008079672],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000099833356,0.00000490336,0.3675812,0.00006228445,0.00002631734,0.0000012232096,0.496062,0.000017622022,0.000049984836,0.0046263463,0.13139024,0.000078034296],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013922307,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004768401,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.18324171,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019002646,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00019847031,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5887285},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"qualitative","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"methods","study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"medium"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W4389117698","doi":"10.55016/ojs/ajer.v66i4.69204","title":"Plagiarism: A Canadian Higher Education Case Study of Policy and Practice Gaps","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Alberta Journal of Educational Research","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Political science; Humanities; Sociology; Psychology; Art","score_opus":0.1483438786786036,"score_gpt":0.4914591441865995,"score_spread":0.34311526550799587,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389117698","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.55267006,0.00048203464,2.2954382e-7,0.30067244,0.00019547164,0.000172718,0.000002203684,2.4287525e-7,0.14580457],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9844699,0.00020576116,0.00012646816,0.0015776745,0.001967526,0.000005582013,0.0000015004966,0.0000067931423,0.011638797],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99710494,0.001339049,0.00034599527,0.00013189425,0.0007941536,0.00028398153],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.97367007,0.02357638,0.00021064669,0.00008082091,0.0017085217,0.000753591],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0031715843,0.000066600616,0.00014135649,0.00041222497,0.00052142475,0.00007721533,0.0003025427,0.00023461414,0.0031146845],"category_scores_gemma":[0.06904368,0.00006250681,0.000030196636,0.0007882337,0.0002385243,0.0005014243,0.000034224155,0.0015586821,0.000036874408],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002272061,0.0012340501,0.031507004,0.000044939614,0.00018877414,0.000056421508,0.38010988,0.000008404051,0.0000866289,0.39436337,0.18942973,0.0027436009],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003478162,0.00045990024,0.0051646363,0.000049217568,0.000052732103,0.0009592394,0.3227213,0.0000043799005,0.000009347167,0.0025982768,0.6675194,0.000113731905],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9072779,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.42981577,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4780897,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00034955225,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.019202555,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9977966},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"qualitative","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":true,"about_ca_topic":true,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"methods","study_design":"qualitative","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":true,"about_ca_topic":true,"confidence":"high"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W4389155531","doi":"10.1186/s41073-023-00139-z","title":"The quizzical failure of a nudge on academic integrity education: a randomized controlled trial","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Research Integrity and Peer Review","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ottawa Hospital","funders":"Magyar Tudományos Akadémia; European Commission","keywords":"Academic integrity; Randomized controlled trial; Nudge theory; Research integrity; Psychology; Political science; Medicine; Social psychology; Public relations; Internal medicine","score_opus":0.18692557954584701,"score_gpt":0.5119654922768404,"score_spread":0.3250399127309934,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389155531","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.012721904,0.07131412,0.000022357843,0.8393352,0.0011886571,0.01212501,0.000036735833,0.000116648356,0.063139364],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.078607306,0.85455996,0.00009727312,0.00364801,0.0019554945,0.0030125116,0.000052445797,0.000025965139,0.058041014],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.97961736,0.014516187,0.0011628184,0.00041882275,0.0035155218,0.00076930877],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.97249204,0.024112312,0.00028252724,0.00037343218,0.0024050788,0.00033460834],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["metaresearch"],"category_scores_codex":[0.13786605,0.00021005815,0.0015185511,0.00021304462,0.0013533804,0.00013738348,0.000987616,0.0011006016,0.0003793431],"category_scores_gemma":[0.16198523,0.00011482991,0.0005672288,0.0013392947,0.0024477055,0.00017511267,0.00016474637,0.014530339,0.0002593405],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.1170005,0.000072820556,0.000010759701,0.00031298783,0.000075854936,0.0000014423184,0.0019938308,2.099194e-8,0.0000030701933,0.47333702,0.39002857,0.01716311],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.13708642,0.00012072708,0.000007375916,0.0023695012,0.000072613104,0.0000023999564,0.0030654322,0.000029204883,0.000006703823,0.049679175,0.80742925,0.00013118958],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0030095538,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006043278,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8356872,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012644168,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0028383355,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999467},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389294678","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-39989-3_146","title":"Understanding and Addressing Drivers of Corruption in Academic Publishing","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Publishing; Publication; Misappropriation; Incentive; Language change; Payment; Public relations; Political science; Promotion (chess); Business; Audience measurement; Advertising; Economics; Law; Finance","score_opus":0.35641039343341335,"score_gpt":0.36533715552487644,"score_spread":0.008926762091463092,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389294678","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00027196982,0.0001363828,0.00083708536,0.001992145,0.0004072528,0.00015614783,0.000015454607,0.00007275437,0.9961108],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.23309994,0.008437519,0.00018211668,0.000309675,0.000493037,0.0000020020339,0.00004062148,0.00004334538,0.75739175],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99864024,0.00006147928,0.0003063719,0.0002272085,0.0005345041,0.0002301885],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989989,0.00058470503,0.00022747494,0.00006008213,0.000053833875,0.00007502905],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0025245661,0.00012462189,0.0002452632,0.00036860435,0.000198882,0.00010974098,0.0002180331,0.0029221172,0.00027875276],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00067855616,0.00013123098,0.00004634612,0.00008956222,0.00040754533,0.000752758,0.000085061416,0.003563427,0.000013151955],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004816514,6.740609e-7,0.0005707935,0.000028198163,0.000009503177,0.000004346822,0.010244483,0.0000030623144,0.0000094921,0.98303026,0.004234625,0.0018597746],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002842407,0.000016113807,0.00019852855,0.0023949593,0.000043773256,0.0000017271103,0.036158714,0.00022623847,0.0000072346766,0.9079057,0.052354243,0.00040855387],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001978435,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0032786808,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.23871906,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00038041366,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001891506,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99873537},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"evaluation","study_design":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"evaluation","study_design":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre":"other","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"}],"label_agreement":"agree"},{"id":"W4389306911","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-39989-3_159","title":"Designing International Research to Promote Academic Integrity: From Funding to Educating","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec en Outaouais","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; General partnership; Dream; Research integrity; Public relations; Political science; Engineering ethics; Pedagogy; Management; Medical education; Sociology; Engineering; Psychology; Medicine; Law","score_opus":0.29024431262974687,"score_gpt":0.4635236848789639,"score_spread":0.17327937224921702,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389306911","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000462794,0.000053732234,0.0028461085,0.05107513,0.003412184,0.000924618,0.000087392975,0.00032409932,0.94081396],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0026509708,0.00032572137,0.013944494,0.0018210338,0.0068468275,0.00006224651,0.00007826738,0.00009290516,0.97417754],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99505734,0.0002693193,0.0006009951,0.00089774985,0.0022387188,0.0009358571],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99601716,0.0022406722,0.00014388436,0.00027197652,0.00068821386,0.00063807203],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.010519245,0.0003165732,0.00039235523,0.0009823792,0.00102966,0.00029911846,0.0019339891,0.0029452858,0.004177806],"category_scores_gemma":[0.007266222,0.0003276268,0.00013381313,0.00033530183,0.00019801702,0.0002551275,0.00079500035,0.0137445675,0.009091299],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000024409626,0.0000058502087,0.000078556914,0.000009421888,0.000086716675,0.000015934715,0.048860375,0.0000030662682,0.0005212961,0.731822,0.17382388,0.044748485],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000042932683,0.000029707522,0.000013818425,0.0012547469,0.000014368881,9.26847e-7,0.010247822,0.000017706754,0.00018992042,0.16951844,0.81828177,0.00038784812],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.016558334,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0035155865,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6444579,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0011671587,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0012323802,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99991757},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389306919","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-39989-3_153","title":"Academic Integrity and Artificial Intelligence: An Overview","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"George Brown College; University of Calgary; Brock University","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Computer science; Cognitive science; Psychology; Engineering ethics; Artificial intelligence; Engineering","score_opus":0.238991947888491,"score_gpt":0.40635899596182706,"score_spread":0.16736704807333605,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389306919","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000060159742,0.00207033,0.00043125832,0.0071642874,0.0011723972,0.00039839235,0.00007123432,0.00043455968,0.9881974],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0013704926,0.0627544,0.0002838155,0.0013178923,0.0023359375,0.000008306605,0.00006118423,0.000058574708,0.9318094],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9975777,0.00015753195,0.00053862884,0.0005684242,0.0007223514,0.0004353401],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986035,0.0005115542,0.00018353894,0.00022668262,0.00015330962,0.00032136898],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.003305469,0.00032379013,0.00044217406,0.00018238512,0.00053282775,0.00010383535,0.00060563866,0.005293578,0.004159266],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005208153,0.00030109778,0.00012622328,0.0000881046,0.00082871,0.00030435072,0.0001650334,0.01072901,0.0015551005],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007051419,0.0000033773179,0.0000067186165,0.000022120046,0.000018348816,0.0000073954216,0.0035189097,1.4273687e-7,0.0000015025958,0.8986547,0.0049536326,0.09280608],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000074964064,0.000022944181,0.0000058628525,0.00014592627,0.000031937114,0.0000018491575,0.0016758351,0.000036674697,0.000007843625,0.65408653,0.3437074,0.00026966914],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00388873,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006976681,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3387538,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011769614,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00048673016,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999441},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389306932","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-39989-3_165","title":"Academic and Research Integrity as Transdisciplinary Fields of Scholarship and Professional Practice","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Transdisciplinarity; Scholarship; Engineering ethics; Stakeholder; Sociology; Work (physics); Political science; Social science; Public relations; Engineering","score_opus":0.1794728103115736,"score_gpt":0.48095187061691946,"score_spread":0.3014790603053459,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389306932","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.005243034,0.0012794501,0.000013461873,0.04151123,0.00039649132,0.00050018006,0.000034895176,0.00006312401,0.95095813],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.068401664,0.014591722,0.00035538405,0.00051249395,0.0005244948,0.000012266418,0.000017924218,0.000029742583,0.9155543],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9968126,0.0006316089,0.00039205153,0.00044030632,0.001356001,0.00036744392],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9936388,0.005446348,0.00015496514,0.00014760166,0.00039197062,0.00022027797],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.011194179,0.00018607338,0.00032520678,0.0002567107,0.0007519208,0.000043654316,0.0004013216,0.005423005,0.0005965099],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0043914746,0.00015924366,0.0000617805,0.00010956833,0.0015811434,0.0004910048,0.0003070344,0.018862627,0.00007767134],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011638494,0.000010421989,0.000096342075,0.000104122235,0.00003927128,0.000019143756,0.03095144,2.7692604e-8,0.000022374767,0.95811784,0.0061129606,0.0044096955],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00016954362,0.00012825045,0.00023186483,0.00095493975,0.000056102414,0.0000173189,0.02722562,0.000004196628,0.000051893512,0.77734107,0.19355676,0.0002624708],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0012532953,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005350114,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.18744381,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000045444012,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00086392387,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99586815},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre":"review","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre":"other","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"}],"label_agreement":"agree"},{"id":"W4389306943","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-39989-3_158","title":"Integrity as a Field of Scholarship: Introduction","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Research integrity; Scholarship; Scientific misconduct; Scientific integrity; Engineering ethics; Misconduct; Research ethics; Academic integrity; Field (mathematics); Political science; Engineering; Law; Medicine; Alternative medicine","score_opus":0.04734227484024284,"score_gpt":0.3380557335654782,"score_spread":0.29071345872523535,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389306943","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00007247655,0.00009617006,0.000115803254,0.019697681,0.0015507799,0.00017824251,0.0000125500455,0.00015425148,0.97812206],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0022465712,0.0012271581,0.00019547543,0.00055745116,0.0026770665,0.0000026623509,0.00002122382,0.000019461799,0.9930529],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.998524,0.00008077615,0.0003123251,0.00028491637,0.00059557083,0.00020239799],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987873,0.00046272224,0.00018271772,0.00020750094,0.0002737192,0.00008602693],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.002078216,0.00015536054,0.0002848144,0.0001599622,0.00019585236,0.00003122783,0.00037780078,0.0028732545,0.01038495],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0026151882,0.00014701563,0.00016450808,0.00006890143,0.00024180442,0.00017086038,0.00007366765,0.0045606876,0.0016831264],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013385436,0.000003788213,0.000019972696,0.000016208163,0.00003116599,0.0000026235389,0.0012466493,8.396269e-8,0.000008189051,0.9053203,0.08646155,0.0068760742],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000026959931,0.000032444703,0.0000057956727,0.00006485954,0.00002164314,9.661518e-7,0.00044460068,4.262007e-7,0.00015346009,0.38089955,0.6182364,0.00011288792],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0053413,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0027650688,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5317749,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008731541,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00034661443,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9990942},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389307185","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-39989-3_91","title":"Coordinating Ethical Assessment at the Program Level","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Action (physics); Academic integrity; Engineering ethics; Subject (documents); Psychology; Political science; Computer science; Mathematics education; Engineering; Library science","score_opus":0.136367809326044,"score_gpt":0.4148825358368669,"score_spread":0.2785147265108229,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389307185","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000005117167,0.000036384634,0.00021531514,0.055059902,0.0006691238,0.00055703433,0.00003572467,0.00033839943,0.943083],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0006201035,0.0002464258,0.0008573361,0.0022733412,0.00083487853,0.000039362905,0.000040024628,0.000030676598,0.9950578],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9978315,0.00017009025,0.00027730502,0.000308046,0.0010459882,0.0003670664],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978987,0.001500493,0.0001539654,0.00018398461,0.00016161102,0.000101268844],"candidate_categories":["sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0042830035,0.00019358752,0.00023060627,0.000041644547,0.0013403198,0.00011278905,0.0005246002,0.0040770485,0.005121899],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004671031,0.00012757094,0.00017351905,0.00005108992,0.00071518344,0.000039058097,0.0002688841,0.007660733,0.0012816369],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000011745436,0.000003182154,0.000010327983,0.0000066531106,0.000029794948,0.0000060409766,0.0013585043,3.293438e-7,4.3358628e-7,0.8142743,0.14017403,0.044135198],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000040397605,0.000021599377,0.000033007764,0.00006939912,0.00002769851,0.0000011643352,0.0008860899,0.00004084517,0.0000012289618,0.093700096,0.905,0.00017851626],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0023525178,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.010271145,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.76482594,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003216529,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004580449,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999598},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389316797","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-39989-3","title":"Handbook of Academic Integrity","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":35,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Computer science; Library science","score_opus":0.061343568795157705,"score_gpt":0.3486291111664991,"score_spread":0.2872855423713414,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389316797","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000007019988,0.0011269172,0.00043930145,0.0022447978,0.0010489847,0.00027222058,0.00007215598,0.00025117438,0.9945374],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00003885156,0.008115712,0.00020226602,0.00053140055,0.001255199,0.000006839273,0.00005145333,0.000029148321,0.9897691],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99785566,0.00019680403,0.00047195458,0.0002910314,0.0008153153,0.0003692365],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99821717,0.0009596106,0.0002791134,0.0001931734,0.00020939838,0.00014154718],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0026589,0.000202698,0.00045937358,0.00018613273,0.00021325648,0.000014127092,0.00082931144,0.0060985,0.0026266573],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0011373427,0.00018494135,0.00021550164,0.00014643518,0.0007772173,0.00016199064,0.00012406305,0.009920941,0.0017787309],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004137895,0.00000244201,0.000019428238,0.00003104973,0.000024298814,0.0000022575362,0.0026285297,9.487805e-8,0.000005406199,0.38629925,0.6085759,0.0024072384],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000048342656,0.000011491945,0.000005466043,0.00050755887,0.000031800097,3.889736e-7,0.0006311134,0.0000032963326,0.00006190874,0.22703992,0.77148765,0.00017105098],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0027027673,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012704814,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1629118,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002787487,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002767419,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9989985},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389316864","doi":"10.1590/1980-6248-2022-0034","title":"Construção de autoria no combate ao plágio: um panorama da atividade de pesquisa escolar","year":2023,"lang":"pt","type":"article","venue":"Pro-Posições","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Humanities; Art","score_opus":0.04026594219729586,"score_gpt":0.3298637848611828,"score_spread":0.28959784266388694,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389316864","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8389201,0.0024587368,0.0011181462,0.03867053,0.011382418,0.0030657751,0.0007275381,0.0021192967,0.10153744],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.94209933,0.0018137617,0.00081600697,0.002052693,0.0029105167,0.00015678696,0.000088041474,0.00009289301,0.049969953],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9936625,0.0015799531,0.00076004484,0.0008305206,0.0010859724,0.0020810533],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9967982,0.0013728386,0.00041960098,0.00043105308,0.00035922002,0.0006190523],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0049165813,0.00056628283,0.00071099406,0.00022641216,0.001658484,0.00069068745,0.0013265756,0.0022315553,0.0012419863],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0024008898,0.0005814664,0.00031922423,0.0013082637,0.0010628627,0.0005855726,0.000368733,0.003455282,0.005219015],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00029958464,0.00041625625,0.13662152,0.00073618104,0.0006620474,0.00031841037,0.25951022,0.000096586584,0.007660059,0.11562841,0.46766365,0.01038709],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0016544388,0.0004898189,0.010333063,0.0010895678,0.00048334122,0.000044623997,0.03745207,0.0140846735,0.007799221,0.036008455,0.8885402,0.0020205248],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007013972,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005916941,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.42087656,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00060457166,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0018314484,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99967104},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389316968","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-39989-3_192","title":"Academic Integrity in Nepal","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Academic integrity; Misconduct; Morality; Engineering ethics; Political science; Public relations; Scientific misconduct; Pedagogy; Sociology; Psychology; Law; Engineering; Social psychology; Medicine","score_opus":0.07982288624924568,"score_gpt":0.3446286432909451,"score_spread":0.26480575704169945,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389316968","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000047241494,0.00016564933,0.000037367554,0.0073744943,0.0010611495,0.00025668638,0.000028460421,0.00027630467,0.99075264],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0011618134,0.0043852315,0.00010411843,0.00094896933,0.0011777792,0.0000065119903,0.000027490389,0.000035284666,0.9921528],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99799335,0.00009708183,0.00042061333,0.00038296482,0.00065311295,0.0004528955],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99891263,0.0005829958,0.00012477922,0.00015749574,0.000075735385,0.00014634915],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0027201667,0.00023790484,0.00036355224,0.00027225853,0.00018767104,0.000029043767,0.000660617,0.0067937626,0.004338155],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006516167,0.00022908393,0.00014437354,0.00009678959,0.0003956134,0.00014345591,0.00012148078,0.015840437,0.0046661855],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000054185575,0.0000017490102,0.00012778911,0.000007278756,0.000009449661,0.000021456592,0.002863936,1.884814e-7,6.95519e-7,0.92914546,0.061543465,0.0062731076],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000050331753,0.0000056583453,0.00004232694,0.0001380535,0.000008006989,6.211729e-7,0.00066364324,0.000008405212,0.0000012676072,0.37775078,0.62112784,0.00020307566],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.010407311,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02231386,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5595844,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002848192,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006068763,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.996572},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389316989","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-39989-3_107","title":"Academic Integrity and the Canadian University Ombudsperson","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Misconduct; Mandate; Research integrity; Political science; Promotion (chess); Public relations; Accountability; Psychology; Law; Social psychology","score_opus":0.044532304433111715,"score_gpt":0.26797890647453976,"score_spread":0.22344660204142805,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389316989","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000020795405,0.00015536214,0.000008713628,0.055388294,0.00040396288,0.00025720877,0.00005969609,0.000095145246,0.94361085],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0060085356,0.0055206353,0.000020222624,0.0012968252,0.00041673254,3.8422394e-7,0.000012726558,0.000014896767,0.98670906],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99875516,0.00015627478,0.00012499589,0.0002603869,0.0003727799,0.00033037874],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99876475,0.0006389547,0.000079357356,0.000126284,0.00009352822,0.00029710776],"candidate_categories":["sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0025590933,0.00016596813,0.00023746159,0.000152357,0.0014951109,0.00004947756,0.0005372375,0.0034991766,0.0011854497],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003397966,0.00012497742,0.000100855534,0.000061248735,0.0017894504,0.0001003618,0.00007945633,0.009502716,0.00059826334],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001058457,1.9955337e-7,0.0000288055,0.0000030998356,0.00002418357,0.000011673993,0.0060903705,3.619731e-8,3.0171645e-8,0.94341034,0.04876402,0.0016566619],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00012853363,0.0000029568039,0.00003209325,0.000043187883,0.00004189337,0.0000013050969,0.003639793,0.000011685489,1.4455128e-7,0.16218644,0.83376276,0.0001492287],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.897513,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9771713,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7849987,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004892508,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0018787745,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998048},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389316999","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-39989-3_98","title":"Supporting Students with Academic Integrity and Ethical Learning: Introduction","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Mount Royal University","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Attribution; Learning development; Categorization; Psychology; Section (typography); Higher education; Engineering ethics; Pedagogy; Mathematics education; Engineering; Computer science; Political science; Social psychology","score_opus":0.04413198580076413,"score_gpt":0.3764982787035311,"score_spread":0.332366292902767,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389316999","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0021413127,0.00012938216,0.0004375263,0.059732743,0.0008877423,0.00053543254,0.000008236951,0.0006706982,0.93545693],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.014744391,0.002111755,0.00014284925,0.0006832812,0.0029005927,0.000005913573,0.000038946277,0.00004484437,0.97932744],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9971956,0.00020476323,0.00040193557,0.00055382954,0.0012161369,0.00042774208],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99869144,0.00050692336,0.00030072607,0.00011336277,0.00019340929,0.00019412412],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.005722944,0.0002588287,0.00036706324,0.00014360088,0.0006582664,0.00009751788,0.00038028607,0.006480389,0.0010866388],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0016217781,0.00021341827,0.00006226447,0.00007003459,0.0007218975,0.00010954871,0.00017864392,0.03588909,0.0003161959],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000030306433,0.0000025082272,0.0018061426,0.000024937292,0.00006126617,0.0000134326865,0.007132396,0.0000011374498,0.0000039483048,0.9614193,0.025701778,0.003802842],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001399889,0.00008948601,0.0001938094,0.00016898014,0.000088365414,0.000011510971,0.0047316025,0.000012080004,0.000008014555,0.07603989,0.9181227,0.00039355023],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011859488,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011138982,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.89242095,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013376732,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003254817,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998265},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389317011","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-39989-3_84","title":"Academic Integrity in North America: A Comparison of Canada and the USA","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Honor; Accreditation; Academic integrity; Misconduct; Corporate governance; Political science; Indigenization; Equity (law); Quality assurance; Diversity (politics); Sociology; Management; Law; Engineering ethics; Engineering; Operations management; External quality assessment","score_opus":0.052898768511731635,"score_gpt":0.31372953631121436,"score_spread":0.2608307677994827,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389317011","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.007884519,0.00040016678,0.000022842269,0.006334898,0.00040172387,0.00040460637,0.00008331487,0.000025687705,0.98444223],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.23434435,0.003684327,0.00003788961,0.0009981777,0.00024262084,0.000008974872,0.00001946979,0.000018716853,0.7606455],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982545,0.00015340095,0.00047995377,0.0002234586,0.00061473914,0.00027396285],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.997949,0.0014788718,0.00027868722,0.00012626672,0.00007951596,0.00008763054],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012583003,0.00017082311,0.00055359723,0.00007670537,0.00019265157,0.000011548751,0.00047542967,0.0011344713,0.0003858059],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00061582885,0.000116668256,0.0000597241,0.00011761526,0.0012167677,0.00004875872,0.00011333344,0.0068648253,0.000020734939],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000043564,0.0000031526356,0.0314563,0.000023348652,0.000038088052,0.0000047345216,0.01823032,0.0000053809686,1.1766883e-7,0.90706545,0.03757187,0.0055576656],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00044816767,0.000021878197,0.007486036,0.00020549148,0.000060925464,9.417333e-7,0.011875329,0.00025377097,0.0000020499779,0.059104536,0.92009634,0.00044452908],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9802319,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.99930704,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8825245,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017210859,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0014718942,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99542636},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389317060","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-39989-3_140","title":"Publication Ethics and Graduate Students","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Misconduct; Publication; Engineering ethics; Graduate students; Research ethics; Information ethics; Meta-ethics; Nursing ethics; Applied ethics; Political science; Graduate education; Sociology; Medical education; Pedagogy; Engineering; Medicine; Law","score_opus":0.21788402415302696,"score_gpt":0.4102585732683672,"score_spread":0.19237454911534022,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389317060","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000024193929,0.000045704277,0.000060185135,0.028590938,0.00039597534,0.0001752682,0.00001545378,0.000169771,0.9705225],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0009110191,0.004890641,0.00005810798,0.0017518044,0.00036911323,0.0000039271526,0.000042113323,0.000016734995,0.99195653],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983974,0.00009324049,0.00017495654,0.00022178529,0.0009533784,0.00015925303],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99880993,0.00061476673,0.00010393392,0.00010164101,0.0002736873,0.00009604582],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.004290754,0.00010935473,0.0001334595,0.00008872612,0.0005397146,0.00016221042,0.00031920074,0.0023349556,0.0005785392],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00120428,0.000102461934,0.000039432784,0.000033600965,0.00027184555,0.00011226683,0.00010393252,0.004231842,0.0010739209],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[8.7563836e-7,0.0000014756228,0.000031036885,0.000007254525,0.000017753711,0.0000011249864,0.010018511,9.672223e-9,9.175787e-8,0.9272385,0.059860013,0.00282331],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003084624,0.0000052816663,0.0001046096,0.000038412047,0.000016689342,2.9341547e-7,0.0008975155,0.0000015440104,4.6740828e-7,0.27196348,0.7268228,0.00011809255],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0018420141,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0021617068,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.66696274,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004837983,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001826169,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997039},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre":"other","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"commentary","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"medium"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W4389317114","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-39989-3_113","title":"Writing the Self: Ghostwriter Perspectives and Identity Construction","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Identity (music); Judgement; Cheating; Misconduct; Sociology; Public relations; Aesthetics; Political science; Psychology; Social psychology; Law; Art","score_opus":0.025153939922926104,"score_gpt":0.30405158794477644,"score_spread":0.27889764802185035,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389317114","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00020036603,0.0004064484,0.0001010683,0.008097193,0.0004403659,0.00019774277,0.00001559477,0.00022714133,0.99031407],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.005700199,0.008882938,0.00046594493,0.0004004413,0.0017246719,0.0000044148333,0.0000055838727,0.000024788389,0.982791],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99892384,0.00007537692,0.00017043899,0.00024916962,0.0003972136,0.00018397786],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99918306,0.00042498112,0.00010168225,0.00009693566,0.00013929582,0.000054029388],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0014042333,0.00013269627,0.00015171278,0.000064940934,0.00095055357,0.00019950491,0.0002000247,0.00095956173,0.0010915238],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001753665,0.000100009245,0.000077762525,0.00003974901,0.00075893523,0.00030248385,0.00008835359,0.001576381,0.0002423912],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000012327448,0.0000010414956,0.00006227852,0.0000070263873,0.0000360205,0.000002686237,0.017121663,2.009271e-8,5.10027e-7,0.9763951,0.0032584402,0.0031139867],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005841125,0.0000086399505,0.00014887779,0.000089900524,0.00006721123,0.000011961692,0.08518214,0.000010007618,0.0000013335421,0.47206208,0.4421302,0.00022925509],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0015048609,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001981571,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.504333,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008082869,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000108676446,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998216},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389317129","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-39989-3_83","title":"Global Perspectives on Academic Integrity: Introduction","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Misconduct; Research integrity; Key (lock); Section (typography); Engineering ethics; Structural integrity; Political science; Sociology; Computer science; Engineering; Computer security; Law","score_opus":0.04492821389248983,"score_gpt":0.33218286561629334,"score_spread":0.2872546517238035,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389317129","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000023740216,0.00032618645,0.000149689,0.04400698,0.002576145,0.00029215054,0.00007627874,0.00059471175,0.9519541],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0012023584,0.0066215843,0.00008898558,0.00062505313,0.011912092,0.000006587788,0.00004174431,0.000034804678,0.9794668],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9975072,0.0001174639,0.0003227418,0.0006920012,0.0009434828,0.000417089],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998914,0.00025791352,0.0001803228,0.00024538816,0.00023743916,0.00016492377],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0017325504,0.00032281742,0.00035669733,0.0001719376,0.00048614305,0.000058778704,0.0005488432,0.0048051523,0.0042996197],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001121174,0.00030061504,0.00021452397,0.00013426626,0.0006332151,0.00017020573,0.00008808046,0.008177651,0.0051251557],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000017798857,0.0000039646998,0.000009132271,0.000004272172,0.000039115563,0.0000043006435,0.0040718005,9.351108e-7,3.316879e-7,0.74382746,0.24681875,0.00520214],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000044281947,0.000031434138,0.00001309131,0.00006286114,0.000029140332,0.0000019641598,0.009315562,0.0000027406493,0.0000011429471,0.33204776,0.65821123,0.0002387891],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0020024825,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001520596,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.41177967,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001018425,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00046276924,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99994457},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389317290","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-39989-3_99","title":"Teaching Academic Integrity as Good Historical Practice","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Mount Allison University; University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Formative assessment; Scholarship; Engineering ethics; Openness to experience; Discipline; Indigenous; Value (mathematics); Pedagogy; Sociology; Political science; Social science; Psychology; Engineering; Law; Computer science; Social psychology","score_opus":0.07212343811111827,"score_gpt":0.3645992818671519,"score_spread":0.29247584375603364,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389317290","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0000021916549,0.00044982941,0.00032496743,0.06698563,0.002537111,0.00028572348,0.000013548579,0.0006514577,0.92874956],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00021583517,0.0030349311,0.0008275001,0.0041359426,0.003703117,0.000008237722,0.000022964154,0.000068288726,0.98798317],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99633086,0.00044438403,0.00058343814,0.0006184091,0.0014562432,0.00056664593],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99536204,0.003372448,0.00042194378,0.0002763184,0.00023424324,0.00033299704],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0071283756,0.00037534832,0.0005242599,0.00020993683,0.0009681329,0.00006703506,0.0009663521,0.0077421204,0.0023369559],"category_scores_gemma":[0.009411349,0.00035754647,0.00027157672,0.00006569968,0.0002509475,0.00052029546,0.00021883326,0.034592714,0.008275457],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012420506,0.0000069092157,0.000003687489,0.000009627911,0.000043591892,0.000035495046,0.004747747,6.542586e-8,0.0000012713108,0.74926555,0.23801018,0.0078634415],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005070781,0.000028257175,7.035029e-7,0.00011314507,0.00009341777,0.000012115818,0.001778521,0.0000032634744,9.1209097e-7,0.22533058,0.77224576,0.00034265034],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.06373007,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0017941984,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.53423554,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002233829,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0011001183,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99988765},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389317328","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-39989-3_122","title":"Academic Integrity Policies in Hispanic South American Higher Education: Status and Recommendations","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Political science; Misconduct; Higher education; Public relations; Engineering ethics; Public administration; Engineering; Law","score_opus":0.06651282585601474,"score_gpt":0.3620222372898466,"score_spread":0.29550941143383186,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389317328","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0010153917,0.00045692734,0.000007550357,0.05758635,0.0012381073,0.00031376275,0.00010677479,0.0001904791,0.93908465],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.017217565,0.011162535,0.00020142844,0.0027745962,0.0009191337,0.000022923457,0.00010018105,0.00003687124,0.96756476],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982388,0.00013926532,0.00042062232,0.00039165013,0.00034680267,0.00046286653],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987414,0.00048879645,0.00026680232,0.00016792072,0.0001098638,0.00022525771],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00087093527,0.00025191766,0.0003721397,0.00038795156,0.00031245343,0.00006137512,0.00031524542,0.0014980516,0.0028826895],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002397125,0.00024887655,0.000071185816,0.0002025667,0.00078399683,0.00017782468,0.00012145745,0.0059908275,0.00037428818],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000036701335,0.000005455793,0.0014918561,0.0000079473075,0.000015598625,4.311892e-7,0.0112608,7.027159e-8,4.2937887e-7,0.92776054,0.04610424,0.0133489575],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000052084513,0.000016979679,0.0033141398,0.00014493827,0.000023008131,4.1596428e-7,0.009996327,0.0000010372249,3.2445723e-7,0.14946768,0.8367054,0.000277687],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.04113179,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.013475179,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.79060113,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00041443008,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0012753818,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99999636},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389318793","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-39989-3_90","title":"Academic Integrity and the Affordances and Limitations of Authentic Assessment","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Medicine Hat College","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Academic integrity; Academic dishonesty; Outsourcing; Authentic assessment; Psychology; Affordance; Medical education; Pedagogy; Public relations; Engineering ethics; Business; Political science; Social psychology; Engineering; Marketing; Medicine; Curriculum","score_opus":0.10287068104871992,"score_gpt":0.3493928628363063,"score_spread":0.24652218178758634,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389318793","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00032684192,0.00095560215,0.00034479034,0.017039314,0.0003302666,0.00038533434,0.000025969062,0.00005552224,0.98053634],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.07049112,0.061076745,0.0006009417,0.0003311399,0.00025000624,0.000015251106,0.00001094503,0.000017263883,0.8672066],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987825,0.00013087923,0.00030808503,0.0002053176,0.0004123374,0.00016087011],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9955722,0.0039515006,0.00021474401,0.00009992591,0.00009586989,0.000065745335],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002745889,0.0001430314,0.0003002248,0.000078999685,0.0003820347,0.00003606821,0.0002473319,0.0011310186,0.00009931629],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008060335,0.000092151815,0.00007247476,0.000042852644,0.0020076958,0.000102843806,0.00010714122,0.0036380293,0.000016178683],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006676967,0.0000014060596,0.000055156786,0.000018641027,0.000042050677,4.2276758e-7,0.008194397,9.6925376e-8,7.411017e-7,0.9785504,0.0021121453,0.011017887],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000174909,0.000014286781,0.00028445464,0.00015165196,0.000104781655,0.0000010136944,0.0062763444,0.00006710322,0.0000014515387,0.8394168,0.15338342,0.0001237899],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011895612,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0037205634,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.15127127,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000032011696,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002689283,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9986606},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389318803","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-39989-3_194","title":"Comprehensive Academic Integrity (CAI): An Ethical Framework for Educational Contexts","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Engineering ethics; Argument (complex analysis); Information ethics; Research integrity; Applied ethics; Foundation (evidence); Sociology; Political science; Engineering; Medicine; Law","score_opus":0.12085076001807994,"score_gpt":0.42191974642981367,"score_spread":0.30106898641173374,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389318803","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000047925823,0.00044018947,0.010305482,0.1344317,0.004545587,0.001475803,0.0005710924,0.00045495245,0.84772724],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0017556144,0.0016401098,0.0072427886,0.015793912,0.007084993,0.00008355662,0.00051004306,0.00009213118,0.9657968],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99703044,0.00022777876,0.0005751641,0.00068539346,0.00092245796,0.0005587595],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99016887,0.0080370195,0.00028500045,0.00028083325,0.0008301083,0.00039816572],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0020118025,0.00038935855,0.00057096814,0.00016527463,0.00085683685,0.00008333084,0.00094918336,0.017984627,0.0041251127],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0031084202,0.00037723873,0.00031256388,0.000071419934,0.0010841531,0.00017906725,0.00010784415,0.026744474,0.001216497],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000034521985,0.000008648024,0.000012717887,0.00003232239,0.000055110195,0.0000012312089,0.004459225,4.5707662e-7,0.0000015468131,0.88652295,0.10524599,0.003625265],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000060721068,0.000029485878,0.000028519436,0.00018333626,0.000029706465,0.0000011037587,0.0008638269,0.0000137517345,0.0000017423146,0.537303,0.46122703,0.0002577807],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014229002,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013778283,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.35598105,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00026675238,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0017650116,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999868},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389318809","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-39989-3_89","title":"Academic Integrity Through Ethical Teaching and Assessment: Overview and Current Trends","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Engineering ethics; Ethical issues; Experiential learning; Psychology; Higher education; Pedagogy; Medical education; Political science; Engineering; Medicine","score_opus":0.16039365372449274,"score_gpt":0.4492442963303862,"score_spread":0.28885064260589344,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389318809","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00003656079,0.007159073,0.0003005727,0.027938286,0.0008546463,0.00017437983,0.000067586865,0.00024182566,0.9632271],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.001654733,0.17750393,0.0013553489,0.0029513799,0.001552963,0.000011565592,0.00007475525,0.000058877384,0.81483644],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99712795,0.0004947946,0.00047424826,0.0006314927,0.00084138144,0.00043014134],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99788886,0.0014487123,0.00020879268,0.00016421439,0.00006746068,0.00022193424],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.005589547,0.0003763988,0.00056875823,0.00014672919,0.0009782566,0.00012268711,0.0003624815,0.0065785083,0.000908511],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005763949,0.0003237465,0.00013199418,0.000059588012,0.00079976773,0.00027469383,0.00033927918,0.052127313,0.00006452279],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000023587706,0.0000029222135,0.000044772758,0.000058023405,0.000026514112,0.0000030663546,0.0045111934,1.3407433e-8,3.1144836e-7,0.7701175,0.021768704,0.2034646],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008031766,0.00001572136,0.00011710278,0.0005069647,0.00006475589,0.0000032446062,0.00049924117,0.000021527192,1.3828274e-7,0.33759683,0.660826,0.00026810318],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0031862713,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012872539,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.63905734,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015550229,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00033071224,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99992144},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389326305","doi":"10.1590/1980-6248-2022-0034en","title":"Authorship construction in the fight against plagiarism: an overview of school research","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Pro-Posições","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior","keywords":"Excellence; Work (physics); Polyphony; Sociology; Pedagogy; Mathematics education; Public relations; Psychology; Political science; Engineering; Law","score_opus":0.3555340323673495,"score_gpt":0.48294381065460035,"score_spread":0.12740977828725086,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389326305","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8456349,0.0019284243,0.000024396331,0.04165138,0.0007293965,0.0017755334,0.00005454331,0.00022230831,0.107979156],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9936195,0.0032538122,0.00033208146,0.0008485384,0.00048164162,0.00013812445,0.00003142712,0.0000126673185,0.0012822001],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9952565,0.0026702792,0.00030966304,0.0002522391,0.001012293,0.0004990415],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984243,0.00093283306,0.00008600492,0.00023167316,0.00021342897,0.000111747315],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.014107221,0.000096356154,0.00017087859,0.0002776161,0.0006129128,0.0001007717,0.0007149592,0.0007183037,0.00018338342],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0026040839,0.0000724237,0.000054243683,0.0016953644,0.000549536,0.00038236863,0.00006654267,0.0025937024,0.00020649705],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000082328734,0.00013919464,0.04996024,0.00019457223,0.000028844737,0.000028628241,0.14710405,0.000023697317,0.0011185802,0.6912839,0.071668975,0.038367014],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005207884,0.00018855941,0.03646005,0.0005893435,0.000024606748,0.000007172707,0.11955299,0.0006900637,0.0028799546,0.32889432,0.50974923,0.0004429234],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0033892496,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0017969566,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.43808025,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000866789,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003655533,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99970734},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"review","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"design_other","genre":"review","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W4389369181","doi":"10.19173/irrodl.v24i4.7145","title":"The Effects of Exam Setting on Students’ Test-Taking Behaviors and Performances: Proctored Versus Unproctored","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Formative assessment; Summative assessment; Cheating; Test (biology); Psychology; Significant difference; Online learning; Mathematics education; Computer science; Medical education; Multimedia; Medicine; Statistics; Social psychology; Mathematics","score_opus":0.08406127942588637,"score_gpt":0.4888792011270024,"score_spread":0.404817921701116,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389369181","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98367035,0.005159294,0.000003713869,0.0054308786,0.00019240215,0.0010181791,0.000016740229,0.000014131853,0.004494285],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9399015,0.059606172,0.000009571638,0.00003345117,0.000050129103,0.00006150979,0.000024881489,0.000004069116,0.00030873512],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9975362,0.00073367835,0.00026413173,0.00014655702,0.0010800943,0.00023937013],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9899731,0.009455585,0.00019969154,0.00008750105,0.0002388446,0.00004523324],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.013468935,0.00006496366,0.00014950077,0.00007323841,0.00065438467,0.0001482113,0.0010204532,0.000073273615,0.000016443457],"category_scores_gemma":[0.025952136,0.000039412953,0.00002539596,0.00053580885,0.00042507582,0.00014913667,0.0004907908,0.001043737,0.0000041354474],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006360157,0.00018087744,0.72397333,0.0037083363,0.00013563107,0.000026747008,0.015532823,0.000039275597,0.00033048575,0.03530463,0.0044755097,0.21565633],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005340345,0.0017030359,0.5046171,0.0827189,0.000103784354,0.0000073364267,0.14419912,0.002704523,0.0011966438,0.0038815371,0.25293353,0.0005941465],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011245317,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009793024,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.24845801,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007808383,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013351438,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.98225266},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389613134","doi":"10.30827/relieve.v29i2.29227","title":"An International Comparison of Discipline Integration of the Commercial Contract Cheating Industry","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"RELIEVE - Revista Electrónica de Investigación y Evaluación Educativa","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Academic integrity; Payment; Process (computing); Business; Public relations; Political science; Engineering; Computer science; Finance; Engineering ethics; Psychology","score_opus":0.0621831587298306,"score_gpt":0.4433657546753425,"score_spread":0.3811825959455119,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389613134","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9755422,0.00017734311,0.00016418345,0.015883084,0.00067578047,0.00054512155,0.000047926264,0.00008448383,0.0068798913],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99731183,0.00015913277,0.0006911473,0.00037018894,0.00073712587,0.000035399866,0.000083174935,0.000025040363,0.0005869638],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9954202,0.0016423315,0.0010143337,0.00036083808,0.0010354458,0.00052683306],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9965192,0.0012813718,0.0008835308,0.0005207623,0.0005512311,0.00024386907],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0049815383,0.00023108243,0.0005069509,0.00018763027,0.0005264608,0.00008932856,0.0013948794,0.0009530993,0.0003421234],"category_scores_gemma":[0.011461278,0.00018761124,0.00018949695,0.0014223134,0.0010045337,0.0003851909,0.00010926581,0.0027982304,0.00001864826],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014121801,0.000826755,0.45290667,0.00012702764,0.00018986581,0.0000012179078,0.10704536,0.00035997407,0.1110867,0.27453226,0.025989909,0.026793053],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013784859,0.0007207014,0.6988114,0.0028741816,0.00049566186,0.000014872642,0.04520662,0.02448284,0.11868181,0.040130954,0.06578993,0.0014125409],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0022858283,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004022635,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.24590474,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00038861658,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0024522622,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99950236},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389613144","doi":"10.30827/relieve.v29i2.29295","title":"Examining Recommendations for Artificial Intelligence Use with Integrity from a Scholarship of Teaching and Learning Lens","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"RELIEVE - Revista Electrónica de Investigación y Evaluación Educativa","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Scholarship; Engineering ethics; Sociology; Inclusion (mineral); Knowledge management; Political science; Psychology; Public relations; Computer science; Engineering; Social science","score_opus":0.18365717175032065,"score_gpt":0.4081744376285871,"score_spread":0.22451726587826643,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389613144","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9701923,0.00042548252,0.007065011,0.019851593,0.0001950649,0.00087952364,0.00006186592,0.00024686658,0.0010822971],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9494319,0.0009305329,0.047306843,0.00061477086,0.00045299402,0.00012966247,0.00015324709,0.000053387186,0.0009266682],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9938089,0.0034011863,0.0007493208,0.0006737047,0.0005615367,0.0008053401],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9890611,0.009336241,0.000498499,0.00034284947,0.0004303225,0.0003309946],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.012110776,0.00030391142,0.0005069828,0.00030118832,0.0016913544,0.0003676225,0.0005094223,0.0006060258,0.00010674029],"category_scores_gemma":[0.050549995,0.00029375326,0.000097705,0.00095639826,0.00075463345,0.0008217106,0.00009299413,0.0051231887,0.000025984536],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003372254,0.00029574765,0.05954998,0.00025616286,0.000347984,0.0000061660744,0.14497489,0.000094032286,0.014596006,0.6534744,0.014572852,0.11149455],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006642096,0.0019296891,0.019723501,0.0055548875,0.0009023844,0.0000385144,0.12499354,0.0064174472,0.010073955,0.43531907,0.39181975,0.0025630672],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004619899,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00039676475,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3772469,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003290935,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0020563896,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999515},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389752195","doi":"10.1007/s40979-023-00147-y","title":"A model for preventing academic misconduct: evidence from a large-scale intervention","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Educational Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"MacEwan University","funders":"","keywords":"Misconduct; Academic integrity; Commit; Intervention (counseling); Premise; Psychology; Discipline; Scale (ratio); Scientific misconduct; Medical education; Political science; Computer science; Medicine; Social psychology; Law","score_opus":0.1686443114703947,"score_gpt":0.47803496889414304,"score_spread":0.3093906574237484,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389752195","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5649856,0.00087965716,0.2402857,0.172045,0.017860595,0.0012544796,0.0016381852,0.00017713032,0.00087371125],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9286439,0.0010586896,0.020698639,0.0015105614,0.010642034,0.00046184982,0.0007273629,0.00004206061,0.036214925],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9972738,0.00021572292,0.0007137728,0.00037184375,0.0009218689,0.00050298666],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99468184,0.0027003796,0.0004568129,0.00011119284,0.0018363282,0.000213425],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00590123,0.00017674586,0.00020737812,0.00030195355,0.0009187352,0.00026609795,0.0012193187,0.00060178933,0.0005458228],"category_scores_gemma":[0.009645618,0.00017723416,0.00047266527,0.00022571522,0.00012997557,0.0015735376,0.000096776545,0.0020781262,0.000094992465],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00089595147,0.0006448196,0.020552281,0.000084808446,0.00072463334,0.0000038224252,0.09748862,0.0013638805,0.0031456102,0.23623492,0.6155577,0.023302982],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00096475426,0.00004630361,0.0028781858,0.001049929,0.0000898557,0.000016959164,0.014780759,0.14872234,0.00038515983,0.7233541,0.10733278,0.0003788582],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009612659,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009907794,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5082249,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00060860266,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0012008531,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99869657},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4390055333","doi":"10.1002/leap.1587","title":"Academic misconduct, fake authorship letters, cyber fraud: Evidence from the <i>International Political Science Review</i>","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Learned Publishing","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Misconduct; Politics; Publishing; Key (lock); Financial fraud; Political science; Scientific misconduct; Fake news; Business; Internet privacy; Advertising; Public relations; Psychology; Law; Accounting; Computer security; Computer science; Medicine","score_opus":0.13151663464940067,"score_gpt":0.38449660418118675,"score_spread":0.2529799695317861,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4390055333","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"commentary","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.089496695,0.0019139772,0.00013612944,0.8695782,0.0025012034,0.00028070895,0.00003877183,0.00032274745,0.035731606],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.87524056,0.004516061,0.0003856135,0.11033276,0.0049571306,0.000033933804,0.00006395778,0.000025337695,0.0044446546],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9941924,0.00082596927,0.00043423835,0.00066124235,0.0025471381,0.0013390058],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99461997,0.004029324,0.00018770144,0.00039666015,0.00030898402,0.00045738876],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts","scholarly_communication","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.023118943,0.00017228384,0.00020997167,0.00014615765,0.0015013178,0.0022157875,0.004292552,0.0006470182,0.00097464724],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0779024,0.00013299363,0.000120810284,0.0018153744,0.0012299675,0.0065574595,0.000525644,0.0059392964,0.0007599357],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007986816,0.0000059669806,0.0111520225,0.000018370216,0.000018865834,0.000013840007,0.012662139,0.000006930748,0.003116321,0.24698877,0.7216868,0.0043219775],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00016270786,0.000007146007,0.01111879,0.0024835628,0.000050912815,0.0000067387928,0.008456044,0.00028444504,0.0005216131,0.055690598,0.92076147,0.00045597955],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02002332,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00048862514,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.78574383,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00037231017,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008215668,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999386},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391407882","doi":"10.1016/b978-0-323-95689-5.00075-4","title":"Academic Integrity","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Elsevier eBooks","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Computer science; Library science","score_opus":0.03617842192026956,"score_gpt":0.31566246138560655,"score_spread":0.279484039465337,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4391407882","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0000084967205,0.005530752,0.0000035237367,0.0030560913,0.002534862,0.0004707478,0.00008420093,0.000341387,0.98796993],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00044837306,0.0023456241,0.00009156216,0.0012533835,0.0036965613,0.000019368972,0.000021470478,0.00008091419,0.9920427],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99734205,0.00009434766,0.00053364644,0.000601838,0.0008809668,0.0005471732],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99876183,0.0002892622,0.00019429495,0.00032726233,0.00014772115,0.000279619],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0022154332,0.00043625827,0.000526663,0.00021149457,0.00042909943,0.00010239321,0.000878462,0.00579687,0.0021973646],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020402625,0.00040780235,0.00038915602,0.000027281725,0.00081155484,0.000089714464,0.0002004995,0.018470969,0.0061075543],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000033641702,8.1444483e-7,0.00000142292,0.000034746485,0.00004392174,0.00002373,0.0036301136,1.4326007e-8,0.000001549299,0.5232385,0.0061987196,0.4668231],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000027980286,0.000008607154,4.4644509e-7,0.00053477543,0.000089063535,0.0000042634715,0.00015063814,0.0000011411397,0.000004235387,0.3880566,0.6108381,0.00028414186],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000045164747,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00046954065,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6046394,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000374925,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00083395897,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998374},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391607910","doi":"10.1080/10508422.2024.2306134","title":"Bibliometric review and mapping analysis of publication ethics research","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ethics & Behavior","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University; Impact","funders":"","keywords":"Scientific misconduct; Originality; Publishing; Misconduct; Bibliometrics; Research ethics; Engineering ethics; Political science; Intellectual property; Research integrity; Social science; Library science; Sociology; Public relations; Medicine; Law; Alternative medicine; Engineering; Computer science; Qualitative research","score_opus":0.40416994958953883,"score_gpt":0.552038113106941,"score_spread":0.14786816351740212,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4391607910","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.090334274,0.30679205,0.0022534586,0.55094457,0.00091437704,0.0018052824,0.00021524934,0.00036237226,0.046378396],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7195145,0.2715647,0.00081191806,0.0024258525,0.00017738415,0.00009321014,0.00006984704,0.000016022219,0.0053266133],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9957339,0.0018153081,0.00034320258,0.000283122,0.0015496478,0.0002748208],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9922266,0.0056816577,0.000072071336,0.00020099057,0.0017036614,0.00011504293],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","bibliometrics","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["metaresearch","bibliometrics","research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.051398356,0.00007137932,0.00024281265,0.024101399,0.00060314726,0.00020095964,0.00033423267,0.001475656,0.00056336843],"category_scores_gemma":[0.020423697,0.0000672694,0.0001015214,0.14601563,0.0006472983,0.00029789231,0.00008922047,0.008870618,0.00003681103],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002468646,0.00010277493,0.017309483,0.0021306176,0.00034907716,0.000011976289,0.15011233,4.4220198e-7,0.0004795983,0.69034046,0.028484486,0.11067625],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004848658,0.000034185192,0.04951664,0.0013689541,0.0028445877,0.0000019322679,0.0066009266,0.00010845839,0.000078136145,0.0042264215,0.9349028,0.00026847582],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0054015033,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008491143,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9064183,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008959518,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008511556,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99982065},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391773556","doi":"10.4018/979-8-3693-0240-8.ch006","title":"(A)I'm a Believer, but (A)I'm Also Responsible","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Advances in educational marketing, administration, and leadership book series","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"SAIT Polytechnic","funders":"","keywords":"Philosophy; Theology","score_opus":0.0406752331394599,"score_gpt":0.31838439966036736,"score_spread":0.27770916652090744,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4391773556","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00008620318,0.10052578,0.000007971398,0.046365105,0.0013394998,0.0003860933,0.000087199434,0.00008213128,0.85112],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00447867,0.061480243,0.0006337613,0.0011536542,0.0019416539,0.000060406426,0.00016656551,0.000049183003,0.9300359],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.997214,0.00027578865,0.0006570758,0.00070268684,0.0006691697,0.0004812729],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99689966,0.0021593655,0.0003092173,0.00021529518,0.00021600514,0.00020048206],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0026417836,0.0004197881,0.00038239404,0.00030496626,0.0006350277,0.00022871424,0.00032859526,0.0011279534,0.0028975918],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001571879,0.00046699966,0.0001095417,0.00011133213,0.0014801624,0.0016364515,0.000039518985,0.0017172142,0.00013931023],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003355914,0.000024931904,0.00028393496,0.00036913113,0.000030213587,0.000013097486,0.0086308895,0.0000011310334,0.0000025388945,0.9741201,0.015101382,0.0010870716],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007289591,0.00005412207,0.00014763106,0.00078297703,0.000036103796,0.00002732833,0.011687595,9.880081e-7,0.000009289371,0.223408,0.76337916,0.00039388516],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000093103874,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0064407103,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7507121,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002420473,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0035046218,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99977815},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391773574","doi":"10.4018/979-8-3693-0240-8.ch001","title":"Fostering Academic Integrity in the Age of Artificial Intelligence","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Advances in educational marketing, administration, and leadership book series","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Psychology; Cognitive science; Engineering ethics; Artificial intelligence; Computer science; Engineering; Social psychology","score_opus":0.12629153648934602,"score_gpt":0.37025829038313574,"score_spread":0.24396675389378972,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4391773574","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00048070194,0.05548058,0.00009245718,0.04025784,0.0012269979,0.0006436975,0.0000751228,0.000032686152,0.9017099],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.3532599,0.08364309,0.0009350676,0.001866759,0.0031765127,0.00014235657,0.00025963123,0.000062010564,0.5566547],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9976763,0.00031344144,0.00078857626,0.00041578617,0.0005084934,0.00029736268],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9969952,0.002409001,0.00028975017,0.00014764736,0.00010612565,0.000052258652],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0039844685,0.0002544447,0.0002970325,0.00021932746,0.00018587144,0.000073658855,0.00044961122,0.0008606563,0.00033263655],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0012682,0.00024032159,0.00007251374,0.00012956883,0.0015063069,0.0008988413,0.00005576389,0.0032297291,0.000013157616],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013507006,0.000020545203,0.0003158495,0.00037866886,0.000008648878,0.000007814438,0.0275846,0.0000024847695,0.0000032495473,0.9635864,0.000515675,0.0074410182],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000016980912,0.00004199839,0.0003315332,0.001112681,0.000018586687,0.00001324514,0.04637163,0.0000034297734,0.0000094419765,0.5387334,0.4131224,0.0002246922],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00011262117,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.010207464,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.42485297,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000118173266,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0010022596,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99906987},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391966578","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-54144-5_99","title":"Teaching Academic Integrity as Good Historical Practice","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Springer international handbooks of education","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Mount Allison University; University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Computer science; History; Engineering ethics; Engineering","score_opus":0.03973447956887382,"score_gpt":0.37496968350644594,"score_spread":0.3352352039375721,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4391966578","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00011561298,0.0038782943,0.00013834346,0.023799852,0.011423599,0.00026850603,0.000029392928,0.00009410697,0.9602523],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.01625717,0.0017521895,0.0010414554,0.0008209572,0.0053037293,0.000021542615,0.00006253856,0.000047282967,0.9746931],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99734217,0.00008169739,0.0006569693,0.00047733283,0.0012123816,0.0002294766],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977228,0.0005953501,0.0005958673,0.00021380518,0.0007170623,0.00015509603],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0021961571,0.00027709763,0.00031706953,0.00043600175,0.00023569103,0.00007820172,0.00084137364,0.001867192,0.0010268881],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0019646639,0.0002977902,0.00024037992,0.000032810873,0.00020036902,0.00046124033,0.00014993991,0.007977299,0.0005478186],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000033167027,0.000047134217,0.000026151505,0.000042808533,0.00013837987,0.0000028800275,0.007246596,3.1948545e-7,0.000047418318,0.9422033,0.02836086,0.021851005],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004315576,0.000022452377,0.0000041583,0.00087690377,0.00011505626,0.000010811366,0.0009245006,0.000004404597,0.000057103356,0.24862824,0.7491078,0.00020542365],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.012290129,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00024309992,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.72074693,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002624698,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0021800045,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999474},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391966586","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-54144-5_153","title":"Academic Integrity and Artificial Intelligence: An Overview","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Springer international handbooks of education","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":39,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"George Brown College; University of Calgary; Brock University","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Computer science; Engineering ethics; Engineering","score_opus":0.12769370288939016,"score_gpt":0.4125564895320779,"score_spread":0.2848627866426877,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4391966586","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0014289694,0.014933849,0.0002632838,0.0054666027,0.0075298813,0.00041656508,0.000118229094,0.000090643196,0.96975195],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.11656578,0.034723513,0.001202532,0.0006589744,0.0073067597,0.000040691953,0.00024124832,0.000084058796,0.8391764],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9980431,0.000039048155,0.00059557497,0.00044401622,0.0006927905,0.00018546391],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99873847,0.00014974493,0.00031125205,0.0001795577,0.0004683714,0.00015262974],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012532439,0.00024206258,0.00027276704,0.00037252705,0.00015259329,0.0001055575,0.00056977826,0.0014428083,0.0014543092],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00022914393,0.00025433028,0.0001256429,0.00003969364,0.00049064227,0.00031970235,0.00012011085,0.0034894154,0.00013423247],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016597094,0.000021703703,0.000031784333,0.00006103533,0.000055440745,7.21051e-7,0.0044565666,4.2956333e-7,0.00004020155,0.89581746,0.0010275656,0.09847051],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000010687479,0.000021087868,0.000022540931,0.0010120344,0.000056712764,0.0000029460107,0.0010082977,0.000033422064,0.00023587806,0.6582622,0.33914796,0.00018623612],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013992914,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006711426,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3381204,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00027720406,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0011225095,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999909},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391966656","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-54144-5_107","title":"Academic Integrity and the Canadian University Ombudsperson","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Springer international handbooks of education","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Misconduct; Mandate; Political science; Research integrity; Promotion (chess); Accountability; Public relations; Psychology; Law; Social psychology","score_opus":0.027425203440573344,"score_gpt":0.2958552233248502,"score_spread":0.26843001988427684,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4391966656","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00042709205,0.0019293082,0.000012247252,0.022412173,0.0029494166,0.00025368418,0.00007557972,0.000022344422,0.97191817],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.1599576,0.002927312,0.00007638422,0.00032812374,0.0010418969,0.0000022206914,0.000034460445,0.00001466117,0.83561736],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989374,0.000039891493,0.00020552771,0.00024166597,0.0004275638,0.00014791833],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990553,0.00019135777,0.00017001989,0.00011407787,0.00033482088,0.00013437815],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011140996,0.00014438531,0.00017156242,0.00032037776,0.0003386589,0.00006320031,0.00052043615,0.0010307365,0.00054405665],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018501007,0.00012717689,0.000109934444,0.00003038436,0.0009450883,0.0001301422,0.000069650596,0.0031942267,0.000071578674],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000263619,0.0000026084517,0.000093683244,0.000015116037,0.00007218584,9.4934256e-7,0.0067240195,1.5824321e-7,0.0000020147854,0.98117876,0.0065687518,0.005315386],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009735845,0.0000039579904,0.00007351752,0.00042588887,0.00006833983,0.0000022097413,0.0014575401,0.000013851809,0.000011816289,0.20118403,0.7965485,0.000113014874],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.31343687,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.33002725,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7899797,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00078668765,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0032006754,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99910545},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391967106","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-54144-5_134","title":"Academic Integrity, Ableist Assessment Design, and Pedagogies of Disclosure","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Springer international handbooks of education","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Ableism; Sociology; Political science; Engineering ethics; Gender studies; Engineering","score_opus":0.0660191321680491,"score_gpt":0.3948043763536285,"score_spread":0.32878524418557936,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4391967106","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.001380365,0.0053906096,0.0019068776,0.004287564,0.004217733,0.0005081847,0.00011126596,0.00004855178,0.9821488],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.1823641,0.008980555,0.004319956,0.000100300975,0.0015689393,0.000033746943,0.00008541066,0.00004560936,0.8025014],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99813825,0.000044134784,0.00056768133,0.0003320161,0.00076412666,0.00015381684],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983963,0.00035583435,0.00047275805,0.00015054045,0.00054492307,0.000079646336],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012933688,0.00022278393,0.00031771502,0.0003556135,0.00010477455,0.000056055993,0.0005153994,0.0010596819,0.00050352776],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00019928996,0.0002188331,0.00012938427,0.000031661337,0.00055651244,0.00019954843,0.00015548078,0.0023438358,0.000017021794],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002021641,0.000024305877,0.0005392194,0.00014206953,0.00012446335,6.219519e-7,0.0042290273,0.000003365874,0.00019247486,0.9795748,0.005212277,0.009937131],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000108543965,0.000053172458,0.0004459647,0.0030850421,0.00017623678,0.0000041655153,0.0022577948,0.000053109583,0.0007997807,0.5479245,0.44477135,0.00032032744],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010290007,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001449119,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.43955907,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00029181573,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0016799001,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999578},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391967145","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-54144-5_135","title":"An Equitable Approach to Academic Integrity Through Alternative Assessment","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Springer international handbooks of education","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Athabasca University","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Computer science; Political science; Library science","score_opus":0.07662110272384576,"score_gpt":0.4151610923136337,"score_spread":0.3385399895897879,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4391967145","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0004376447,0.0007325179,0.006733443,0.0022549096,0.0065351394,0.0006362543,0.00017089321,0.00008711809,0.9824121],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.121964246,0.0011814812,0.012706173,0.00091582513,0.0056144153,0.00012789914,0.0003763536,0.00008230892,0.8570313],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9969929,0.000059841783,0.0006421324,0.00068056694,0.0012728055,0.00035176438],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981102,0.00013889594,0.0003971844,0.00031345722,0.00083981076,0.00020049314],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0016275828,0.0003372633,0.00037211805,0.00040934814,0.00022196081,0.00014232607,0.0013291641,0.0013037045,0.0007763788],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015127141,0.00035069714,0.0001893666,0.000068186535,0.00027683715,0.0005790658,0.000216462,0.0038624774,0.00018519418],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000020818085,0.0000931524,0.000055131688,0.000049954902,0.00015125057,5.989188e-7,0.012606798,0.000024784333,0.00014846059,0.9710591,0.010071049,0.0057189013],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000699829,0.00004796368,0.000028400853,0.00089864014,0.00007635707,0.000002230589,0.0022595234,0.00011398451,0.00039523968,0.43357462,0.5622005,0.0003325777],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0039792825,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00018489544,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.55212945,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0011393108,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0019537017,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999928},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391967165","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-54144-5","title":"Second Handbook of Academic Integrity","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"book","venue":"Springer international handbooks of education","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":35,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Computer science; Library science","score_opus":0.03258870017681525,"score_gpt":0.3530141259678405,"score_spread":0.32042542579102523,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4391967165","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0010585506,0.009451561,0.00020982437,0.001138336,0.008774032,0.00038591222,0.00025526804,0.000054123895,0.9786724],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.015027533,0.0027489895,0.0006693816,0.00020510636,0.0029591378,0.00003105362,0.00018835074,0.000040135445,0.97813034],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9974971,0.00008142438,0.00082010264,0.00039611326,0.0009746557,0.00023061331],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977724,0.00031122664,0.0006814138,0.00023530294,0.000882746,0.00011690655],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0013760694,0.00025765845,0.00041378444,0.0005673198,0.00009766916,0.00004108347,0.0009966609,0.00187221,0.0033817382],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004761114,0.00027244753,0.00028594636,0.00008510883,0.00059730816,0.00023498433,0.00014271625,0.0038760174,0.00016022126],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000046842306,0.0000749082,0.00024950324,0.00041639304,0.00028641408,0.0000011111853,0.0128844455,7.653734e-7,0.0007001975,0.577299,0.38881114,0.019229291],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000830354,0.0000223943,0.000048006226,0.0038226258,0.00008838672,0.000002227366,0.00059778325,0.0000068193467,0.0038856904,0.15488914,0.83633274,0.00022115886],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00066761073,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00047747066,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4475216,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006841744,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00629208,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99997276},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391973776","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-54144-5_92","title":"Academic Integrity and Accommodations: The Intersections of Ethics and Flexibility","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Springer international handbooks of education","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Cheating; Flexibility (engineering); Academic dishonesty; Data integrity; Face (sociological concept); Medical education; Psychology; Sociology; Computer science; Library science; Computer security; Management; Medicine; Social psychology","score_opus":0.09694377750869877,"score_gpt":0.4033911120094982,"score_spread":0.3064473345007994,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4391973776","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.013199174,0.008035743,0.00044234798,0.028186057,0.0050223838,0.00064992387,0.00022302223,0.000053546457,0.9441878],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.721377,0.011148491,0.00037811336,0.00034941646,0.0010537818,0.000029979761,0.000055370245,0.000025903386,0.2655819],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99856704,0.00008418232,0.00048433014,0.00028335187,0.0004774465,0.00010362034],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99783707,0.00097443955,0.00034720867,0.0001776256,0.00060403295,0.00005965615],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0024292963,0.00015854203,0.00020450128,0.00023586044,0.00026620887,0.000048452788,0.0003887184,0.001123064,0.00023014574],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001147063,0.00013440714,0.00009234086,0.000038666127,0.0011369919,0.00018317837,0.0001759708,0.0055872276,0.000008023961],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015585883,0.000014640907,0.00036606097,0.00008033431,0.00007955243,7.441783e-8,0.01751979,6.3019814e-7,0.000055963486,0.9707552,0.0012009557,0.009911206],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000059303627,0.000021194683,0.00051251915,0.0014188486,0.00012383606,0.0000049992177,0.005391541,0.000041898635,0.00025232747,0.6624883,0.3295245,0.00016077574],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0029992699,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0016528117,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.70817786,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015631304,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009362538,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9967069},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391973785","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-54144-5_89","title":"Academic Integrity Through Ethical Teaching and Assessment: Overview and Current Trends","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Springer international handbooks of education","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Engineering ethics; Current (fluid); Research integrity; Political science; Psychology; Engineering; Electrical engineering","score_opus":0.08917366203978644,"score_gpt":0.44724958317748903,"score_spread":0.3580759211377026,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4391973785","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0005703347,0.027101988,0.00019112196,0.013411812,0.0043869647,0.00017238608,0.0000802995,0.000049375416,0.9540357],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.100233525,0.09168461,0.003910469,0.0014014833,0.005495284,0.000049490824,0.00025116382,0.00008383174,0.79689014],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981175,0.0000908394,0.0004790547,0.0004409908,0.00069929,0.00017230978],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99890786,0.00034107646,0.00030215338,0.00012414966,0.00021964106,0.000105131214],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0018397071,0.00024623636,0.0002992927,0.00028184964,0.0002509344,0.00010746796,0.0003347946,0.001659427,0.00041958303],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00026132178,0.00024420136,0.00011246822,0.000026746617,0.00046093398,0.00025521414,0.00019130002,0.012193296,0.0000133643825],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005835414,0.000013435183,0.000119256816,0.00010337347,0.000058229234,3.341201e-7,0.0050804666,5.9415495e-8,0.0000075370895,0.78983414,0.0037279327,0.20104939],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005517533,0.000012463397,0.0001725366,0.0020813863,0.00007614986,0.0000036192212,0.00033431596,0.000020662512,0.000007630778,0.33077967,0.66629356,0.00016282256],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011730852,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00019061146,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.66256565,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002939516,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007120522,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99963665},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391973818","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-54144-5_84","title":"Academic Integrity in North America: A Comparison of Canada and the USA","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Springer international handbooks of education","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Honor; Academic integrity; Accreditation; Misconduct; Political science; Corporate governance; Indigenization; Diversity (politics); Equity (law); Sociology; Law; Management; Engineering ethics; Engineering","score_opus":0.03362133729940023,"score_gpt":0.3335364444404732,"score_spread":0.29991510714107295,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4391973818","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.07109214,0.004497042,0.00003425186,0.0061343694,0.0038698912,0.0005060626,0.00013686887,0.00001142998,0.9137179],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7852177,0.0014496818,0.00007892553,0.00019284678,0.0004803916,0.000016739425,0.00003430696,0.0000126619625,0.21251675],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984396,0.000041592848,0.00055799476,0.0002125246,0.00061730086,0.00013097742],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987236,0.00039840012,0.00043394588,0.0001123309,0.000278998,0.000052709314],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00064868445,0.00014551522,0.0003224664,0.0001865128,0.00007180256,0.000018992656,0.0004660669,0.0004339593,0.00023470148],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00032200012,0.00012004033,0.00007098938,0.00005094334,0.0006702423,0.00007566592,0.000089567366,0.0024392102,0.0000056138133],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008425826,0.000021928936,0.024543285,0.00007357194,0.00010227831,5.7093e-7,0.016865114,0.000008957715,0.000006472949,0.941397,0.0053004758,0.011596069],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00038668312,0.000025566771,0.009027758,0.0018611267,0.00011999325,0.000002169588,0.005647955,0.00020269999,0.00014346362,0.13466825,0.8475375,0.00037682726],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.6189618,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.92933345,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.84223706,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00036413028,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002555777,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998622},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391973838","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-54144-5_91","title":"Coordinating Ethical Assessment at the Program Level","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Springer international handbooks of education","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Action (physics); Academic integrity; Engineering ethics; Subject (documents); Psychology; Political science; Mathematics education; Computer science; Engineering","score_opus":0.06315036537739765,"score_gpt":0.4120011229626539,"score_spread":0.34885075758525624,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4391973838","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00026467876,0.00078613067,0.00011615309,0.020111546,0.0052757477,0.0004951538,0.000077768025,0.0000647312,0.97280806],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.035573654,0.00033701104,0.0011267911,0.0005408056,0.0020690446,0.000083271414,0.000119320095,0.00003103537,0.96011907],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99801284,0.000044201057,0.00042337045,0.00031660224,0.0010225544,0.00018044419],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984679,0.00035327466,0.000334697,0.00018279102,0.00059056137,0.00007075986],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0015512211,0.0001894509,0.0001865762,0.00015461193,0.00034124553,0.00012402465,0.00060219964,0.001212216,0.002075377],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00023407242,0.00015572963,0.0001929281,0.000031087086,0.00050144625,0.00007657191,0.00019847306,0.002738342,0.00015677804],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006993884,0.000029164912,0.000063034604,0.000033397526,0.00011356511,7.4007517e-7,0.0025300155,0.0000013574282,0.000028136343,0.9096428,0.024904625,0.06264614],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004551273,0.000020596612,0.00010508658,0.00070732867,0.00006124881,0.0000026327318,0.000526157,0.000033865213,0.000096948344,0.11444115,0.88380516,0.00015429211],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009253506,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010383727,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.85890055,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007850921,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0012421814,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995624},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391973845","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-54144-5_83","title":"Global Perspectives on Academic Integrity: Introduction","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Springer international handbooks of education","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Misconduct; Research integrity; Structural integrity; Engineering ethics; Key (lock); Section (typography); Political science; Academic dishonesty; Epistemology; Sociology; Computer science; Engineering; Computer security; Law; Higher education; Philosophy","score_opus":0.028134523612665358,"score_gpt":0.34894384805639156,"score_spread":0.32080932444372623,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4391973845","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00062932755,0.0029731377,0.000106716034,0.016509732,0.012311094,0.00030884807,0.00013013175,0.00010073054,0.96693027],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.06964713,0.0037697225,0.00028644886,0.00025418517,0.015189838,0.000024266365,0.0001252105,0.000038385533,0.9106648],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9977547,0.0000346464,0.00047402323,0.0005715873,0.0009602591,0.00020480432],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99847883,0.00010376825,0.00035899927,0.00022308464,0.0007303763,0.000104955674],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008471338,0.0002769748,0.00026737727,0.00039753944,0.00015305022,0.000076972436,0.0006199571,0.0014575942,0.0018100932],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004441627,0.00029099666,0.0002255708,0.00006490263,0.00043812697,0.00021326024,0.00008500064,0.0029873613,0.00040232547],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000048273487,0.000036599064,0.000059928876,0.000026878743,0.00013695558,7.508431e-7,0.005845858,0.0000027546218,0.000016019863,0.93645746,0.042826634,0.0145419175],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000049899078,0.000030740248,0.000042408174,0.0006828929,0.00006232773,0.000003403472,0.0034914548,0.0000052043883,0.0000706115,0.31073874,0.6846226,0.00019971181],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008033156,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00022124109,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.641796,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0015287807,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0012585432,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999542},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391974059","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-54144-5_158","title":"Integrity as a Field of Scholarship: Introduction","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Springer international handbooks of education","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Research integrity; Scholarship; Scientific misconduct; Scientific integrity; Engineering ethics; Misconduct; Research ethics; Academic integrity; Field (mathematics); Political science; Section (typography); Sociology; Engineering; Law; Computer science; Medicine; Alternative medicine","score_opus":0.027746300178524308,"score_gpt":0.3546594116647696,"score_spread":0.3269131114862453,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4391974059","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0019846642,0.0014482955,0.000098928125,0.009289854,0.009296774,0.00024702444,0.00003974393,0.000040866184,0.97755384],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.12245601,0.0011839133,0.00056110776,0.0002257854,0.0052009984,0.000013936679,0.000083972736,0.000028298908,0.870246],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99825186,0.000029143015,0.0005153809,0.00032457898,0.0007467206,0.00013233273],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99821156,0.00017569485,0.00042062558,0.00020876262,0.0009123073,0.00007102873],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001003221,0.00017927215,0.00025237424,0.00043135748,0.000083909115,0.00005101105,0.0005162207,0.0010365349,0.003367651],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00087909546,0.00019219288,0.00020570033,0.000044487708,0.00024279377,0.00023850625,0.000084507825,0.0019635907,0.00017695235],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000044239332,0.00003898006,0.0001205275,0.00007863672,0.00012999531,5.258978e-7,0.0026491298,5.187221e-7,0.00025727323,0.96580917,0.013775182,0.017095817],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000041855827,0.000037325826,0.000029901794,0.0008225067,0.00006138468,0.0000026573903,0.00042356795,0.0000016422011,0.0038840172,0.3653276,0.62923414,0.00013338872],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0018667902,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00033549475,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.61545897,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00028887746,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0011338568,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9975434},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391974063","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-54144-5_165","title":"Academic and Research Integrity as Transdisciplinary Fields of Scholarship and Professional Practice","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Springer international handbooks of education","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Transdisciplinarity; Scholarship; Engineering ethics; Stakeholder; Sociology; Work (physics); Political science; Social science; Engineering; Public relations","score_opus":0.09371661072015015,"score_gpt":0.47140595065880225,"score_spread":0.3776893399386521,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4391974063","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.03980957,0.00830309,0.000016331927,0.0185414,0.002750264,0.00045175338,0.000057592362,0.000020907668,0.9300491],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.58843255,0.006182244,0.0005231323,0.00016958463,0.0010371922,0.000022698838,0.00003835512,0.000023047285,0.40357122],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99784327,0.00011958531,0.00044626291,0.00035161595,0.0010747872,0.00016448296],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99760556,0.0010360753,0.00025832644,0.00012230045,0.00086618494,0.00011155055],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.003332876,0.00015343008,0.00021583357,0.0004455452,0.0002079166,0.000049423634,0.00038668577,0.0015109195,0.00029698893],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001347074,0.00015080583,0.00006843166,0.000048273694,0.0008593876,0.00040532782,0.00019210992,0.005280668,0.000016421274],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001201779,0.000041036797,0.00022981763,0.00018054567,0.000090834794,0.0000016153676,0.028820518,1.1367995e-7,0.0002447784,0.95751286,0.0011940744,0.011563633],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000120808465,0.00008020509,0.000387883,0.004030805,0.00008673707,0.0000162563,0.00970442,0.000006234364,0.0009297203,0.76107365,0.22336686,0.00019640641],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00067403284,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00010515618,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.54862297,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011720355,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001459201,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997853},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"methods","study_design":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre":"other","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W4391974065","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-54144-5_146","title":"Understanding and Addressing Drivers of Corruption in Academic Publishing","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Springer international handbooks of education","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Publishing; Publication; Misappropriation; Incentive; Language change; Payment; Public relations; Political science; Promotion (chess); Audience measurement; Business; Advertising; Law; Economics; Finance","score_opus":0.1888985625839676,"score_gpt":0.3777093302725225,"score_spread":0.18881076768855493,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4391974065","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.004766258,0.0018822888,0.0004017719,0.0019914545,0.0032694342,0.00022055923,0.00004049134,0.000023095998,0.98740464],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8355376,0.002777102,0.00025736593,0.00007694235,0.0007611031,0.0000055855508,0.00005902062,0.000023798182,0.16050145],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985752,0.000022291886,0.00044075344,0.0002426314,0.0005912981,0.00012780752],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990474,0.00019362231,0.0004005702,0.000074201445,0.0002292661,0.000054918048],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011229882,0.00013091763,0.00019927592,0.0006777202,0.000072864226,0.000104252125,0.0002917016,0.000976726,0.00020703813],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00032829685,0.00015071422,0.00006699345,0.00004640627,0.0003199898,0.0006066399,0.00008162688,0.0015738384,0.000004684337],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015638969,0.000008366242,0.0012684996,0.000091944494,0.000039095157,6.3000783e-7,0.010806109,0.0000050812537,0.0001738798,0.9807065,0.0011315774,0.0057526757],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000239803,0.000022671431,0.0005556302,0.011114815,0.00009309006,0.0000038190196,0.011216943,0.00016051266,0.0003363248,0.8607248,0.115181185,0.00035042345],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009397977,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004818643,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8307714,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00069571205,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005840031,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7533405},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391974110","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-54144-5_194","title":"Comprehensive Academic Integrity (CAI): An Ethical Framework for Educational Contexts","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Springer international handbooks of education","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Engineering ethics; Argument (complex analysis); Information ethics; Research integrity; Applied ethics; Foundation (evidence); Sociology; Political science; Engineering; Medicine; Law","score_opus":0.06748678771292026,"score_gpt":0.4180430176101567,"score_spread":0.35055622989723645,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4391974110","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0014878155,0.0055159396,0.0038735394,0.05583481,0.025896192,0.0016899506,0.0008609344,0.00015644438,0.90468436],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.07555741,0.0023671251,0.014957391,0.0038589935,0.016191486,0.00026106442,0.0012354915,0.00013919709,0.8854318],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99726284,0.000066443754,0.0007630621,0.0006324883,0.0009804054,0.00029478574],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99565655,0.0014547411,0.00052929367,0.00027573446,0.0018561592,0.00022749849],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010818826,0.0003526354,0.00041672148,0.00042298634,0.00028163407,0.000111968,0.0009921069,0.0043720356,0.0017506359],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010590785,0.00038363418,0.00032238575,0.00004597391,0.0006882627,0.00025861384,0.00010458367,0.0077452683,0.00016095182],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007667155,0.000054683253,0.000057629422,0.0001151313,0.00016257016,3.0913534e-7,0.005528259,0.0000013649989,0.000054883323,0.96676135,0.0151334675,0.012053664],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006228585,0.000029843615,0.00005865695,0.0011408388,0.00006104401,0.0000021123378,0.00053564017,0.000014596626,0.00008213146,0.5356976,0.46210676,0.00020851126],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007130957,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00024649018,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4469733,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006090463,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0032220513,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99986154},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391974132","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-54144-5_159","title":"Designing International Research to Promote Academic Integrity: From Funding to Educating","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Springer international handbooks of education","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec en Outaouais","funders":"","keywords":"General partnership; Academic integrity; Dream; Political science; Public relations; Research integrity; Engineering ethics; Pedagogy; Management; Sociology; Engineering; Psychology; Law","score_opus":0.14813793758103244,"score_gpt":0.44674008087822914,"score_spread":0.2986021432971967,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4391974132","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0049523814,0.00085183885,0.0012327952,0.027418332,0.018436834,0.00105759,0.00020664406,0.00011631659,0.9457273],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.08258934,0.00061072496,0.016010858,0.00095640257,0.013284377,0.00018238089,0.00026325553,0.00012573811,0.8859769],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99537796,0.000093652736,0.0008928086,0.0009052298,0.002208675,0.00052168744],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.996403,0.0006501912,0.0003369879,0.00032727586,0.0018628072,0.0004197518],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0040829983,0.0003581875,0.00037886712,0.0017787387,0.00038090697,0.00032100844,0.001956974,0.0013646394,0.0021295552],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0023793126,0.00040779792,0.00019876758,0.00019297747,0.0002317596,0.0003499887,0.0005807376,0.005607887,0.0012408649],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008344781,0.000056336317,0.0002668499,0.00004819112,0.00030341677,0.000003615256,0.044311292,0.000009790721,0.0044760383,0.83030474,0.04521829,0.074917965],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000604006,0.000036932222,0.000047836384,0.0051947082,0.00004445473,0.0000023120965,0.004306814,0.000018033024,0.0027939982,0.1658862,0.82123965,0.00036866879],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0052860873,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006707364,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.77602136,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002008291,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0026121095,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999318},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391974133","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-54144-5_122","title":"Academic Integrity Policies in Hispanic South American Higher Education: Status and Recommendations","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Springer international handbooks of education","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Political science; Misconduct; Higher education; Public relations; Engineering ethics; Public administration; Engineering; Law","score_opus":0.04227342620248207,"score_gpt":0.36673790855220983,"score_spread":0.32446448234972775,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4391974133","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0123555465,0.00509468,0.000012347113,0.02461868,0.007995495,0.00043792077,0.00016773872,0.00006798105,0.9492496],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.2793917,0.005991513,0.00043943044,0.00071892655,0.001989128,0.000054406722,0.00018077673,0.000040217845,0.7111939],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.998143,0.00005033996,0.00061104586,0.000429464,0.0004970369,0.00026911206],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99858755,0.00019495166,0.0004881949,0.00018159255,0.00039310587,0.00015461844],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00060650683,0.00026026968,0.00031599757,0.0007942178,0.00013075807,0.00008809591,0.00042639312,0.0007320182,0.0012816015],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016868551,0.00028626068,0.00010546332,0.00010433234,0.00059491914,0.0002503156,0.00012630565,0.002861444,0.00007347451],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014892827,0.0000378991,0.0028402668,0.000038701175,0.000059377187,1.9282496e-7,0.01078347,3.6489783e-7,0.00001627642,0.95189047,0.007343652,0.026974453],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000067592504,0.000022190048,0.0036556213,0.0012499475,0.000053353997,0.0000012924453,0.00390286,0.000002893518,0.000021070467,0.18906777,0.8016917,0.00026371982],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0090364795,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001548864,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.79434806,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00083397503,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0025477693,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99995893},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391974147","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-54144-5_192","title":"Academic Integrity in Nepal","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Springer international handbooks of education","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Research integrity; Computer science; Political science; Library science; Public relations","score_opus":0.041758603798827884,"score_gpt":0.3592390635236814,"score_spread":0.3174804597248535,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4391974147","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0013514814,0.00247795,0.00003562416,0.0040319036,0.0071304166,0.00027313703,0.000056060107,0.000047411922,0.984596],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.08338929,0.002670659,0.00032788218,0.00026091907,0.0026306151,0.000023721763,0.00008634013,0.000035243087,0.91057533],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99811125,0.000027797416,0.00057882175,0.00036524335,0.0007132377,0.00020363551],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99897,0.0001652722,0.0002814576,0.00015386564,0.00034169984,0.000087744615],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011119397,0.00021421601,0.00026175624,0.0006111113,0.000068417,0.000046306875,0.00067915436,0.001661568,0.0015524355],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00028014526,0.00023398992,0.000162714,0.000049238377,0.00029857102,0.00020103244,0.00010381786,0.004478378,0.00028047833],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000019729448,0.000021375965,0.00045103216,0.00004027129,0.000046654262,0.0000018549947,0.004471133,8.5496185e-7,0.000038708466,0.9709616,0.007527526,0.01641931],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000056523877,0.000008725051,0.00012888772,0.0014670156,0.000025591746,0.0000016497548,0.0005394359,0.000012992248,0.00010847558,0.35874918,0.6387257,0.00017580745],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002778461,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0015273943,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6311982,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00066426187,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001587736,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996345},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391974193","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-54144-5_90","title":"Academic Integrity and the Affordances and Limitations of Authentic Assessment","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Springer international handbooks of education","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Medicine Hat College","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Academic integrity; Academic dishonesty; Outsourcing; Authentic assessment; Psychology; Affordance; Pedagogy; Medical education; Public relations; Engineering ethics; Social psychology; Business; Political science; Engineering; Marketing; Medicine; Curriculum","score_opus":0.05878250523362673,"score_gpt":0.3602729115495422,"score_spread":0.3014904063159155,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4391974193","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0043037166,0.0076165088,0.00023355502,0.010948992,0.0026222204,0.0004214841,0.000054539127,0.000019982821,0.973779],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6208715,0.020977853,0.0009488283,0.00013265296,0.0006940829,0.000032780405,0.000030566374,0.00001790828,0.35629386],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99876285,0.000040755018,0.00041400408,0.00021455884,0.00047303663,0.00009481331],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982347,0.0009130961,0.00037318433,0.0001020579,0.0003285967,0.000048369777],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012683332,0.0001381412,0.00022412368,0.0001951649,0.00013219657,0.000047058937,0.00030049728,0.0004857144,0.00008922487],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004146327,0.00010840143,0.00008817756,0.000025455025,0.0011490912,0.00013565608,0.000097098964,0.0016918764,0.0000049083],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018785875,0.000009755535,0.00015872547,0.000054958015,0.0001039841,9.544968e-8,0.008582777,3.0773217e-7,0.000022474978,0.9708779,0.00062061055,0.019549618],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00015525833,0.00001569324,0.00044779602,0.0011126446,0.00015610957,0.0000022484992,0.0027675708,0.00006973166,0.00006664412,0.7791403,0.21594505,0.00012097312],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000762243,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00040651977,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6174851,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010004264,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006982271,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.73504555},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391982260","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-54144-5_137","title":"Aligning Theoretical and Practical Considerations for Academic Integrity Education: A Canadian Perspective","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Springer international handbooks of education","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Perspective (graphical); Academic integrity; Engineering ethics; Political science; Sociology; Engineering; Computer science; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.048157029561471484,"score_gpt":0.3934168715668494,"score_spread":0.3452598420053779,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4391982260","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00017170797,0.0017675733,0.00025058276,0.06478154,0.0042947116,0.00071112573,0.00019810257,0.000035378016,0.9277893],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.44069085,0.0020826056,0.011520122,0.0032410624,0.006963877,0.0002665389,0.00020198552,0.00008856462,0.5349444],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984682,0.000039185696,0.0004202108,0.00043013864,0.00042072067,0.00022152682],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99698263,0.0008932024,0.00022021904,0.00013163021,0.0015051594,0.0002671468],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010116838,0.0002151045,0.00023620584,0.00047305215,0.00033534097,0.00014242902,0.0001506197,0.001210691,0.0012307743],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002432858,0.00023309102,0.00012875679,0.000029085162,0.0008261924,0.00023070193,0.000050287537,0.0022581422,0.000036485126],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014179703,0.000020242749,0.000024195255,0.00002767484,0.00010545593,0.0000012680744,0.008259022,1.4549961e-7,0.000011732003,0.96500117,0.025406344,0.0011285953],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000045719753,0.000016261698,0.000010063188,0.00056902925,0.0001019388,0.000028220124,0.0042964113,0.000020090425,0.000044731736,0.69335926,0.30134737,0.00016087244],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.029346535,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.022913765,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.44051912,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001036807,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01427905,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99968225},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392236213","doi":"10.1007/s10805-024-09515-w","title":"Academic Integrity Policy Analysis of Chilean Universities","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Academic Ethics","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo","keywords":"Academic integrity; Cheating; Context (archaeology); Academic dishonesty; Misconduct; Public relations; Enforcement; Political science; Higher education; Accreditation; Scarcity; Sociology; Engineering ethics; Psychology; Engineering; Law","score_opus":0.07720241088372569,"score_gpt":0.43088336903096636,"score_spread":0.35368095814724065,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4392236213","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.67235696,0.015534553,0.0062350417,0.26056844,0.0025686554,0.00019314738,0.00016029124,0.00013337753,0.042249534],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9638191,0.030128838,0.0003080194,0.0014424322,0.001972417,2.7552537e-7,0.000003841137,0.000012347051,0.00231274],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99591225,0.0011220106,0.0009451161,0.00017931485,0.0014635079,0.0003777694],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99458325,0.0038034525,0.00060900126,0.00011691688,0.00063984166,0.0002475311],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.01608388,0.00016188387,0.0005608883,0.0018003406,0.00031671772,0.000036168818,0.0010691556,0.004271906,0.00022621319],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0048577455,0.0001409418,0.0005476166,0.003012319,0.0009806195,0.0008123726,0.00009223394,0.04048825,0.000013421517],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000050276427,0.000013167205,0.0029756597,0.000096219694,0.0013149334,0.00002721618,0.19438565,0.00020687665,0.0005175418,0.78784764,0.009646685,0.0029181163],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00038550573,0.00019250596,0.00426926,0.0020215244,0.0047491845,0.00007399585,0.19888665,0.0016417314,0.0012418687,0.18089119,0.60501724,0.00062931975],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002966315,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00022039936,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6069565,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000615951,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0061104656,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99952394},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392370500","doi":"10.1007/s10551-024-05628-9","title":"Academic Fraud and Remote Evaluation of Accounting Students: An Application of the Fraud Triangle","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Business Ethics","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"York University; University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Rationalization (economics); Accounting; Academic integrity; Psychology; Honor; Perception; Code of conduct; Public relations; Business; Social psychology; Internet privacy; Political science; Computer science; Economics; Management","score_opus":0.12411736188454953,"score_gpt":0.43777534654177214,"score_spread":0.3136579846572226,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4392370500","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9667312,0.0034854196,0.012926112,0.0150205875,0.000945689,0.00025100916,0.000005203754,0.000009228442,0.000625589],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997075,0.001720906,0.00033471762,0.00019913452,0.00062702707,6.3463153e-7,7.7503694e-7,0.00000640746,0.0000353572],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9965971,0.00076119375,0.0005403789,0.00009412681,0.0019055635,0.000101633115],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9963488,0.0008183617,0.00065528136,0.00009695292,0.0020453057,0.000035287143],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.025535248,0.00006402158,0.00018629443,0.000112998496,0.00019871381,0.000048703,0.0004440664,0.0008534587,0.000017259052],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006345499,0.000045027435,0.0000575943,0.00061346154,0.0002652807,0.00055348984,0.000048086622,0.0028142477,8.463132e-7],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00018862587,0.00017126626,0.026796635,0.0010013818,0.00026353003,0.0000031148345,0.271211,0.0019568885,0.017189756,0.05687263,0.0012459392,0.6230992],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0029218686,0.00019875818,0.35148612,0.008455748,0.0023808077,0.00009205615,0.05985362,0.06361155,0.0051335627,0.4268615,0.078279756,0.00072466047],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008175641,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00017395637,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6223746,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008387165,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00096690696,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994863},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392438336","doi":"10.1016/j.jecp.2024.105888","title":"Academic cheating in early childhood: Role of age, gender, personality, and self-efficacy","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Experimental Child Psychology","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ontario Institute for Cancer Research; Institute for Christian Studies; University of British Columbia","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Cheating; Psychology; Big Five personality traits; Personality; Developmental psychology; Self-efficacy; Socialization; Social psychology","score_opus":0.03175101105499599,"score_gpt":0.38283757939923424,"score_spread":0.35108656834423824,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4392438336","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9096553,0.02812122,0.000009129436,0.0013812031,0.00048667975,0.00010793816,0.0000031989023,0.000017480877,0.06021785],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969974,0.001434765,0.0003636175,0.00046007725,0.0007018022,0.0000015505163,7.852002e-7,0.000011187645,0.000028789098],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99838686,0.00030957736,0.0005276601,0.00018951489,0.00032349446,0.00026286478],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999427,0.00017881507,0.00018427968,0.000060538892,0.00002855106,0.00012078968],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0015036317,0.00011837849,0.0002765114,0.00022079621,0.00011793697,0.000028938255,0.00028137723,0.0005412095,0.00014057056],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008803376,0.00010852991,0.00011149319,0.0002316011,0.00023865781,0.00026118738,0.000041045078,0.002186361,0.0000061138685],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013565535,0.0012811838,0.024653774,0.000028968847,0.00025364454,0.00013026323,0.8700207,0.0000032138526,0.01799757,0.0742099,0.0018843502,0.009400792],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0024339508,0.0008105297,0.88516515,0.0006717025,0.00007388271,0.00090578035,0.055245627,0.000025655087,0.0064060534,0.013277445,0.03451079,0.0004733999],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00030462732,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000013112665,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8605114,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007762675,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008669608,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9498772},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392557674","doi":"10.1002/leap.1600","title":"Using automated analysis of the bibliography to detect potential research integrity issues","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Learned Publishing","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Honeywell (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Workflow; Computer science; Data science; Key (lock); Research integrity; Bibliography; Data integrity; Information retrieval; Database; Library science; Computer security; Engineering ethics","score_opus":0.14494348183679898,"score_gpt":0.4536236169249125,"score_spread":0.30868013508811354,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4392557674","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.86804676,0.0022704876,0.004938408,0.082554884,0.0022496982,0.00059625244,0.000082897444,0.0011150121,0.038145598],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969181,0.00020800489,0.0016467983,0.00024321898,0.00040416876,0.0000046518962,0.000006250503,0.000012461396,0.0005563453],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9951464,0.0019978464,0.0003101928,0.000379508,0.0016075657,0.00055847806],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981339,0.0007403244,0.00006501012,0.00029772095,0.0006130285,0.00015003142],"candidate_categories":["bibliometrics","scholarly_communication","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0150416,0.00010576225,0.00023876714,0.008951196,0.00094990514,0.0032683264,0.001227143,0.0007767689,0.00035207288],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0055050286,0.00007887266,0.00034948956,0.06600222,0.0003710226,0.0018649213,0.00030252527,0.0042314734,0.000015983353],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011886735,0.00009758708,0.032715235,0.00020812821,0.0039657312,0.000056176224,0.15388416,0.011396741,0.01795819,0.14527695,0.5891402,0.045182064],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00024986223,0.00009172768,0.033138733,0.0010134247,0.0017475284,0.0000056732906,0.064571515,0.31245348,0.0040831426,0.056474946,0.52524275,0.00092723884],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.10474266,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005424292,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3010567,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000986333,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00032207675,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9980658},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity","bibliometrics"],"domain":"evaluation","study_design":"simulation_or_modeling","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"methods","study_design":"observational","genre":"methods","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"medium"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W4392728089","doi":"10.1016/j.jecp.2024.105893","title":"Elementary school-aged children’s perceptions of academic dishonesty: Definitions and moral evaluations of cheating behaviors in school","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Experimental Child Psychology","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa; McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Vignette; Psychology; Academic dishonesty; Dishonesty; Developmental psychology; Social psychology; Moral behavior; Deception; Sample (material); Clinical psychology; Moral disengagement","score_opus":0.04688578302703619,"score_gpt":0.4189520096307925,"score_spread":0.3720662266037563,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4392728089","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.985964,0.0053819367,0.00004267611,0.0023278657,0.0004344306,0.00021168527,0.000048459377,0.000010743042,0.0055781775],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99689937,0.0016348093,0.0007632815,0.0003191968,0.0003252539,0.000010932002,0.0000149228645,0.000011235633,0.000020978097],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9979891,0.0003990144,0.0008380214,0.00017667754,0.0003686839,0.00022850206],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992583,0.00014641113,0.00026857725,0.000092387636,0.00006685958,0.00016747703],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0013511652,0.00012037141,0.00028652832,0.00042291277,0.0002072634,0.000018180877,0.0002395751,0.0003863728,0.001674185],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00022259791,0.00011738634,0.00013196359,0.00034394194,0.000445849,0.00041340728,0.00003155245,0.0020402353,0.000008070444],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010368298,0.00047057986,0.90587455,0.000013874164,0.00010355172,0.000010912937,0.027263517,0.000012981322,0.055427365,0.006793189,0.002893605,0.0010321651],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00080607046,0.0002795529,0.9639578,0.00039148674,0.00009135542,0.00019785938,0.029952805,0.000007635888,0.0014934052,0.0025980184,0.000086541884,0.00013750608],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000649494,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00014404545,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.058083184,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014242504,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000194591,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99923843},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392862449","doi":"10.32920/25417372.v1","title":"Mad and Disabled Realities Within Academic Integrity at the University Level of Education","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Ableism; Thematic analysis; Psychology; Higher education; Intellectual disability; Special education; Learning disability; Medical education; Disability studies; Pedagogy; Sociology; Qualitative research; Medicine; Social psychology; Political science; Social science; Developmental psychology; Gender studies","score_opus":0.11043984796898688,"score_gpt":0.3540274098357988,"score_spread":0.2435875618668119,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4392862449","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.48426485,0.0015481205,0.0001946149,0.04460516,0.0023134039,0.00057089276,0.000446236,0.00010293266,0.4659538],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.73165405,0.00314758,0.00024841382,0.00022907717,0.0002854503,0.0000030587905,0.000036289,0.000007007392,0.26438907],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984572,0.0005046009,0.00023007802,0.00030125558,0.00033895567,0.00016792442],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989906,0.0004392644,0.00016963074,0.00019105135,0.00013492523,0.00007455827],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.002488213,0.00014219445,0.00021229459,0.00007050346,0.0004047577,0.000034114986,0.0005108146,0.0017383331,0.0003745667],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00045592562,0.000102309554,0.000079077305,0.00014214119,0.0010719778,0.00007897678,0.0010599989,0.0060582114,0.000031084124],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000023938446,0.000010453481,0.001118609,0.00018990204,0.000041973573,4.4533746e-7,0.07520747,0.000004495565,0.000020592528,0.8424101,0.07863878,0.002333263],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006410986,0.0000095521145,0.0013227697,0.00059853686,0.00016242662,0.0000027518768,0.18028226,0.00012686099,0.00034853842,0.685161,0.13164552,0.00027566875],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.10190961,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.026937963,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2473892,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004003244,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0017649443,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995576},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392862566","doi":"10.32920/25417372","title":"Mad and Disabled Realities Within Academic Integrity at the University Level of Education","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Ableism; Thematic analysis; Psychology; Medical education; Learning disability; Higher education; Intellectual disability; Special education; Pedagogy; Qualitative research; Sociology; Medicine; Social psychology; Political science; Developmental psychology; Social science; Gender studies","score_opus":0.11043984796898688,"score_gpt":0.3540274098357988,"score_spread":0.2435875618668119,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4392862566","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.48426485,0.0015481205,0.0001946149,0.04460516,0.0023134039,0.00057089276,0.000446236,0.00010293266,0.4659538],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.73165405,0.00314758,0.00024841382,0.00022907717,0.0002854503,0.0000030587905,0.000036289,0.000007007392,0.26438907],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984572,0.0005046009,0.00023007802,0.00030125558,0.00033895567,0.00016792442],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989906,0.0004392644,0.00016963074,0.00019105135,0.00013492523,0.00007455827],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.002488213,0.00014219445,0.00021229459,0.00007050346,0.0004047577,0.000034114986,0.0005108146,0.0017383331,0.0003745667],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00045592562,0.000102309554,0.000079077305,0.00014214119,0.0010719778,0.00007897678,0.0010599989,0.0060582114,0.000031084124],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000023938446,0.000010453481,0.001118609,0.00018990204,0.000041973573,4.4533746e-7,0.07520747,0.000004495565,0.000020592528,0.8424101,0.07863878,0.002333263],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006410986,0.0000095521145,0.0013227697,0.00059853686,0.00016242662,0.0000027518768,0.18028226,0.00012686099,0.00034853842,0.685161,0.13164552,0.00027566875],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.10190961,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.026937963,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2473892,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004003244,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0017649443,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995576},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4394127797","doi":"10.6084/m9.figshare.20424148","title":"What difference might retractions make? An estimate of the potential epistemic cost of retractions on meta-analyses","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"dataset","venue":"London School of Economics and Political Science Research Online (London School of Economics and Political Science)","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ottawa Hospital; Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario; University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Psychology; Computer science; Epistemology; Econometrics; Mathematics; Philosophy","score_opus":0.16090707776705274,"score_gpt":0.4570953562483701,"score_spread":0.29618827848131735,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4394127797","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6171729,0.0005496771,0.0000059643958,0.019583004,0.001472652,0.0010796362,0.3584533,0.000010232837,0.0016726584],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96805614,0.021993073,0.0004944133,0.00076665945,0.0009052897,0.000060261773,0.0071421033,0.000038537473,0.0005435013],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99113554,0.001101291,0.0022103575,0.001428137,0.0014190851,0.002705578],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9898303,0.0028942958,0.0011608037,0.0013871391,0.0012800791,0.0034473918],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.01710719,0.0005085869,0.0017265754,0.0014424896,0.0019856857,0.000689938,0.0035932257,0.0008735716,0.002871134],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00911193,0.00039522795,0.00057783414,0.00150653,0.02056518,0.0017642982,0.0012547689,0.0041503124,0.000010676251],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016626104,0.0006652228,0.0005309202,0.00013794395,0.00024576578,0.0000028528523,0.00009693495,0.00030728392,0.00050328154,0.99176,0.0050897966,0.00049371674],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0028413862,0.004036497,0.050344232,0.00078979426,0.0037450294,0.00017703176,0.025165267,0.012893612,0.007849507,0.53256774,0.3564106,0.003179336],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.038466632,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006146329,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4591923,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0012654319,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.009162597,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99985},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"evaluation","study_design":"simulation_or_modeling","genre":"dataset","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"methods","study_design":"simulation_or_modeling","genre":"dataset","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"}],"label_agreement":"agree"},{"id":"W4394690527","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0300710","title":"How do authors’ perceptions of their papers compare with co-authors’ perceptions and peer-review decisions?","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"PLoS ONE","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Google (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Ranking (information retrieval); Perception; Peer review; Psychology; Salient; Computer science; Political science; Information retrieval","score_opus":0.09848444079796288,"score_gpt":0.33861818431015134,"score_spread":0.24013374351218847,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4394690527","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.710493,0.017463818,0.00053889427,0.19674385,0.00024166417,0.001397216,0.00083918835,0.00038733458,0.07189504],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9612374,0.018296292,0.0017458535,0.00035886705,0.0002401996,0.00003999371,0.00006654481,0.000018145125,0.017996708],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9977923,0.00034427716,0.00023603928,0.0003206185,0.0010200833,0.00028666452],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99853384,0.0006140135,0.00006374867,0.00020836531,0.0003554915,0.00022453797],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0016663292,0.00016571386,0.0003797547,0.000110082954,0.0006206588,0.0001976067,0.0002775917,0.00030870788,0.0017881027],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009385501,0.00012169875,0.00009687694,0.00044935851,0.0006038803,0.00024394217,0.00004187217,0.001147624,0.00008144579],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007785148,0.001761647,0.040997315,0.0030120814,0.0014456394,0.000036110458,0.35607466,0.000003553784,0.01238211,0.18488356,0.34604064,0.05328482],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00043881446,0.00033689826,0.026178453,0.02418294,0.0015089504,0.000028650138,0.20308058,0.00032700642,0.00019965436,0.0074933525,0.7351394,0.0010852793],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00026089553,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00066364475,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3890988,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000068280475,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00017886181,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9991244},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4394948457","doi":"10.55016/ojs/cpai.v7i3.78123","title":"Academic Integrity and Artificial Intelligence in Higher Education (HE) Contexts: A Rapid Scoping Review","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Perspectives on Academic Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Psychology; Engineering ethics; Data science; Computer science; Engineering; Social psychology","score_opus":0.0780755929972215,"score_gpt":0.39327927606536023,"score_spread":0.31520368306813873,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4394948457","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.016644495,0.4967191,0.00023614166,0.3765153,0.00465451,0.0035693813,0.00017676332,0.00041250966,0.101071805],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7938889,0.18701865,0.00015841915,0.013934643,0.00190637,0.00017369557,0.000022501295,0.000045010926,0.0028518098],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99528795,0.0010764014,0.00089012005,0.0011199611,0.00059710385,0.001028457],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99741405,0.001006502,0.0001485523,0.00028609537,0.00028532505,0.00085950206],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.005549398,0.00043597302,0.0005981974,0.0008970569,0.00053572544,0.00015921779,0.00081480824,0.0027317258,0.002842767],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004126074,0.00043388255,0.00015897526,0.0013498366,0.0010824221,0.0010235,0.0000638809,0.025917614,0.00031721036],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000251425,0.000026612297,0.0002624217,0.00064184924,0.000027149661,0.000019418385,0.022166451,4.4344358e-7,0.00002362248,0.8804636,0.01345785,0.082885414],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00021444533,0.00023671296,0.002489439,0.19779088,0.00022626923,0.000076200304,0.14266165,0.00044988093,0.00023274083,0.3358059,0.31725907,0.0025568367],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.16463993,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.11665528,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7772444,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0031554813,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.008765616,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998113},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4395047582","doi":"10.1007/s10805-024-09529-4","title":"Framing Integrity Resolution: An Integrative Approach to Academic Ethics","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Academic Ethics","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Framing (construction); Academic integrity; Research integrity; Engineering ethics; Political science; Engineering","score_opus":0.16421460897335344,"score_gpt":0.4563299925771124,"score_spread":0.29211538360375894,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4395047582","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.074234225,0.029568266,0.37894508,0.42256,0.012379154,0.0011606837,0.000100211444,0.00061022886,0.080442145],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8958478,0.035490036,0.030168695,0.020683117,0.013487645,0.000016789567,0.000015210671,0.00009433131,0.004196383],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99027026,0.0040965173,0.0014555493,0.0005112872,0.0028690072,0.00079738436],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9897218,0.007342981,0.000518832,0.00022812648,0.0013871519,0.0008011544],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.05363696,0.00035589837,0.0005921754,0.00060795376,0.0011872827,0.00020404806,0.0019222844,0.012311733,0.00007338719],"category_scores_gemma":[0.034410957,0.0002879886,0.00030232794,0.0013927075,0.0010220304,0.0019245137,0.00017802711,0.15440993,0.00007474621],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000094118186,0.000033319928,0.0001707936,0.00012488679,0.00007923321,0.000023757395,0.46827695,0.00015005188,0.00061428023,0.5020024,0.023594862,0.004835362],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00021242279,0.0003195651,0.00011338756,0.0029655623,0.00016109027,0.00022146228,0.11895289,0.0022864116,0.00054545177,0.16025372,0.7133821,0.0005858859],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008657263,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00022839499,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.82161355,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00087722763,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0059711603,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999572},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4395060414","doi":"10.1016/j.jecp.2024.105933","title":"Young children with higher verbal intelligence are less likely to cheat","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Experimental Child Psychology","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China; Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Cheating; Psychology; Developmental psychology; Intelligence quotient; Cognition; Logistic regression; Nonverbal communication; Social psychology","score_opus":0.033313715420272345,"score_gpt":0.37622061725579714,"score_spread":0.3429069018355248,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4395060414","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.79163337,0.014205341,0.0019158635,0.027510483,0.0068006823,0.00033474233,0.000017411541,0.00008026174,0.15750183],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9938731,0.0002357992,0.00043606877,0.0028381522,0.0019669896,0.000004013676,0.0000014727557,0.000018135568,0.0006262673],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984544,0.00017548651,0.00034677706,0.00025085825,0.00043522037,0.00033726488],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993852,0.000056177378,0.00013077405,0.000120424855,0.00007007752,0.00023735425],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006546324,0.00015945993,0.00025172066,0.00017170626,0.00023494689,0.00009383173,0.0005043132,0.000371169,0.0007372074],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000024479457,0.00012284382,0.000115652896,0.00032862095,0.00025187162,0.00028226033,0.000036718116,0.0014035131,0.000116159325],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0027686413,0.0019083109,0.0926662,0.000037941325,0.0017550609,0.0013529934,0.26103657,0.00007538149,0.009101046,0.2826765,0.31263772,0.033983655],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001906242,0.0046251803,0.27652115,0.0020882841,0.0002287469,0.006083724,0.052688155,0.000012039857,0.027266322,0.004457469,0.62232786,0.0017948109],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00026848644,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007773491,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.30969018,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014950724,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007590544,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8071904},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4396509129","doi":"10.22215/etd/2024-15861","title":"Instructor Perceptions of e-Proctoring Software","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Perception; Perspective (graphical); Medical education; Cheating; Psychology; Class (philosophy); Computer science; Medicine; Social psychology","score_opus":0.017451757272800437,"score_gpt":0.3355352685437833,"score_spread":0.31808351127098283,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4396509129","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.44781485,0.000439654,0.000110462875,0.00017328476,0.0043829596,0.000205996,0.000046398312,0.00022726305,0.54659915],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.49426383,0.0008146101,0.00272517,0.000051795007,0.0013678801,0.000021503523,0.00041024757,0.00003308437,0.5003119],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.999007,0.000049881026,0.00021789459,0.00017668244,0.0003831581,0.00016541389],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995297,0.000095620126,0.00007569737,0.00008154094,0.00015934018,0.000058101352],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00033257384,0.00010770381,0.00017306358,0.00012381293,0.0002088557,0.00003622865,0.00023967827,0.0013011041,0.0036546837],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00041981696,0.000100284386,0.0001220663,0.00020791664,0.000073840645,0.00010410286,0.00001166749,0.001281003,0.0002542366],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000020982417,0.000027167242,0.0015374182,0.0008568933,0.00011465119,0.0000040598156,0.59540385,0.0000015817889,0.00043353235,0.3286224,0.026606048,0.046371434],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000094568,0.00003114835,0.004213775,0.0011045974,0.00021650169,0.0000011329304,0.7673596,0.000012728534,0.00084920676,0.041712735,0.183799,0.00060497416],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006942207,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009600977,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.28690967,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008288829,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004407884,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999954},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4396921240","doi":"10.1016/j.jecp.2024.105948","title":"Cheating in childhood: Exploring the link between parental reports of problem behaviors and dishonesty on simulated academic tests","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Experimental Child Psychology","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; University of Toronto; University of New Brunswick","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Cheating; Psychology; Child Behavior Checklist; Academic dishonesty; Developmental psychology; Religiosity; Checklist; Test (biology); Social psychology; Association (psychology); Multilevel model; Dishonesty; Clinical psychology","score_opus":0.049831905746043244,"score_gpt":0.3995799127756726,"score_spread":0.3497480070296294,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4396921240","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98616976,0.0031045992,0.0000029382893,0.0048295697,0.0008396564,0.00020710597,0.0000036863516,0.00001631521,0.0048263683],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981777,0.00034566878,0.00006220292,0.00017883729,0.0012015582,0.0000049449272,0.0000022234651,0.000014024145,0.000012858478],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981037,0.0002650847,0.0008025075,0.00021876923,0.00034931971,0.00026064753],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99909884,0.000344984,0.00032622064,0.00010021809,0.00002905608,0.00010071051],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0017416169,0.00013842648,0.00028838037,0.00018954436,0.0001873611,0.000027362346,0.00022418045,0.00037884258,0.000036876376],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014015667,0.00009993272,0.00009625293,0.00028637314,0.0002777619,0.00029477297,0.00004331043,0.00237695,0.0000015835808],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015993183,0.0003221107,0.69764507,0.000030009796,0.0001704582,0.00048926065,0.24009596,0.00008666039,0.010398083,0.0047046556,0.00069281954,0.045204967],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009404353,0.0009836925,0.95380276,0.0019576782,0.00008301949,0.00092408346,0.019396713,0.000012391244,0.010996925,0.00407651,0.0064456738,0.0003801025],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00018492596,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000017446924,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2561577,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000086981454,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005749768,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999246},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4396983477","doi":"10.69520/jipe.v4i2.134","title":"Preserving and Promoting Academic Integrity in a Changing Post-secondary Landscape","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of innovation in polytechnic education.","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Humber Polytechnic","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Structural integrity; Geography; Environmental resource management; Political science; Environmental planning; Engineering ethics; Environmental science; Engineering","score_opus":0.021614176747079945,"score_gpt":0.3324509557962193,"score_spread":0.31083677904913937,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4396983477","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97038066,0.0015460398,0.00013490056,0.02297091,0.0006409773,0.00021381034,0.0000037316158,0.000014364714,0.004094595],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969752,0.00017223987,0.000906644,0.0011583419,0.00032874278,0.000028126648,0.0000059986446,0.000007073703,0.00041764],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.998033,0.00031991338,0.0008938248,0.00011806845,0.0004009368,0.0002342727],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99857825,0.0002251075,0.00069542846,0.00006898717,0.0003957696,0.000036446363],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.009898927,0.00007510348,0.000156592,0.0023520128,0.00032198278,0.00003086416,0.00035013616,0.00023782389,0.00034181253],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0029989823,0.00008035163,0.000020353833,0.003804865,0.000056978617,0.0005925949,0.000113854956,0.00505808,6.2858015e-7],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000108500804,0.00039879244,0.3261722,0.00013482047,0.0000219246,0.000012205963,0.26394713,0.00006175079,0.005489818,0.28269094,0.010969843,0.10999206],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00146489,0.00029586942,0.14860927,0.0012042781,0.00002260836,0.00038100738,0.64004624,0.0007496905,0.0006432634,0.09293194,0.113017626,0.00063331425],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005633917,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00011494767,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3760991,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00036348705,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0024235821,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99723727},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4399297930","doi":"10.5430/wjel.v14n4p620","title":"Perceptions of Digital Academic Dishonesty in English Writing at Applied Colleges","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"World Journal of English Language","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Academic dishonesty; Academic integrity; Vocabulary; Psychology; Grammar; Academic writing; Syntax; Perception; Mathematics education; Descriptive statistics; Medical education; Cheating; Pedagogy; Computer science; Social psychology; Medicine; Linguistics","score_opus":0.01095319668295277,"score_gpt":0.2897395065719587,"score_spread":0.27878630988900593,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4399297930","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8393774,0.0026935118,0.000017044596,0.00042633517,0.0012086147,0.000111114496,0.00005571781,0.000056513887,0.15605375],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9922587,0.00037227376,0.000104951265,0.00005537477,0.0031789006,0.0000026271343,0.0000067808583,0.000014927704,0.0040054196],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.998286,0.00011394838,0.0006309275,0.00014531497,0.00051865494,0.0003051551],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99864745,0.0006652109,0.00019386837,0.00008167628,0.00028106352,0.00013075156],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0019503285,0.00011961058,0.0002935201,0.00042308556,0.00013782427,0.00009629949,0.00036420874,0.00032274012,0.00050777214],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002519552,0.000108386965,0.00015710804,0.00079243764,0.0002310333,0.00061442447,0.000067858186,0.0022728716,0.000010852756],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000073821284,0.00007871207,0.027228724,0.00010710198,0.00006309095,0.00018904837,0.9136293,0.000058479487,0.0010815008,0.027168512,0.018437926,0.0118837645],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00066208834,0.000054797656,0.0028979364,0.0011293094,0.00008311937,0.000016144806,0.71183634,0.000027415204,0.0006425213,0.0014350889,0.2808241,0.0003911314],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008058606,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008305124,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.26238617,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024849284,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00019785632,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9874623},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4399710116","doi":"10.1016/j.jclinepi.2024.111427","title":"Identification of retracted publications and completeness of retraction notices in public health","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Clinical Epidemiology","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Library and Archives Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Completeness (order theory); Identification (biology); Public health; Medicine; Computer science; Mathematics; Biology; Pathology","score_opus":0.46925259758110227,"score_gpt":0.5655348517299681,"score_spread":0.09628225414886582,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4399710116","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7051411,0.0020704358,0.010521842,0.278667,0.0022849576,0.00014888003,0.000017141132,0.000014494714,0.0011341101],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99276376,0.0053067934,0.00094892416,0.00047064424,0.0004266267,9.2276827e-7,0.000003896794,0.0000033591339,0.00007504665],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9867099,0.0073521677,0.005240729,0.00017883831,0.00028574598,0.00023259665],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9647779,0.030710027,0.0036652323,0.00010827216,0.0005612868,0.00017728642],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":["metaresearch"],"category_scores_codex":[0.1037729,0.00005655874,0.0009351069,0.00031257106,0.00006681539,0.000014656363,0.00023793076,0.00085570803,0.00005200349],"category_scores_gemma":[0.1304626,0.000046420937,0.00016335525,0.0004957377,0.00061383366,0.0004802936,0.000018421675,0.002209342,0.0000020648865],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000075171265,0.00026413868,0.32856458,0.00020424763,0.00010121408,0.0000020029324,0.0039620763,0.00003451988,0.00018600923,0.5800723,0.0065892152,0.07994453],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00019872894,0.00019150571,0.88049835,0.00018555745,0.000021272983,0.00001105753,0.0014994082,0.0024747641,0.000008709597,0.039143704,0.07570886,0.000058088033],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007876069,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00044207982,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.55193377,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000055541685,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00085839187,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9598615},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"evaluation","study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity","scholarly_communication"],"domain":"evaluation","study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W4399819549","doi":"10.1515/9782760535053-019","title":"Un exemple de coformation réussie du stagiaire","year":2012,"lang":"fr","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Presses de l'Université du Québec eBooks","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Art","score_opus":0.012712752981542084,"score_gpt":0.20115463299878727,"score_spread":0.18844188001724518,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4399819549","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.03526824,0.003907917,0.0061121383,0.0059737433,0.000633345,0.0005456532,0.00018486736,0.00025413072,0.94711995],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.87670726,0.0037266223,0.00070839387,0.0011950665,0.0017593933,0.000009474489,0.00007916337,0.00008015432,0.115734465],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99714524,0.00036624665,0.0004471839,0.00041728502,0.00061339536,0.0010106561],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9974616,0.0007672001,0.0005693675,0.0003448207,0.0002927713,0.0005642008],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011393519,0.0005544652,0.0005160277,0.000164885,0.0016728856,0.00010494332,0.0010784464,0.0024006949,0.027369803],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018583334,0.0006231045,0.00034773527,0.000045504396,0.0012454472,0.00065471727,0.0003844583,0.0024090484,0.0021927417],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00019588515,0.00007322555,0.015133829,0.0003066206,0.00047996294,0.00014607457,0.17277154,0.000048384318,0.00016134109,0.50360453,0.030705137,0.27637345],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00042962076,0.000059169055,0.0010820641,0.0002670203,0.0005465047,0.000074303025,0.0041000894,0.0002699806,0.00040752804,0.008275645,0.98379916,0.0006888957],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.16429539,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.04550797,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.95309407,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0017761865,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0016796043,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998924},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4399867534","doi":"10.1111/desc.13540","title":"High consistency of cheating and honesty in early childhood","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Developmental Science","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China","keywords":"Cheating; Honesty; Psychology; Consistency (knowledge bases); Intervention (counseling); Academic integrity; Social psychology; Developmental psychology","score_opus":0.01170285751793604,"score_gpt":0.2659432616754365,"score_spread":0.2542404041575005,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4399867534","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9747641,0.00018298379,0.000028024653,0.0005692871,0.00024329143,0.00008852434,0.0000027361848,0.000026221958,0.024094837],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9954276,0.000062335865,0.0042440845,0.00007156635,0.000027486254,0.0000028883935,4.9594337e-7,0.000002117299,0.00016140501],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989548,0.00003594991,0.00016851297,0.00021090261,0.00039016793,0.00023968473],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99972606,0.000117164236,0.000024155914,0.00003046176,0.000030229447,0.00007195269],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0019600312,0.000055208486,0.00008645156,0.00012527437,0.00030565247,0.00007465876,0.00020329299,0.00010176869,0.000048657806],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003429787,0.000049763967,0.000011311971,0.0009254534,0.0010393425,0.0004216423,0.00007265172,0.00030223874,0.000016560662],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004009442,0.0000447135,0.21255033,0.000035652323,0.000007672001,0.00002654032,0.36098823,0.0000014949768,0.0061553693,0.31011727,0.00013414651,0.109934576],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000102599704,0.00001677086,0.9731418,0.0002499865,0.0000026160735,0.000011037381,0.013902998,0.000048706315,0.0031084693,0.007556101,0.0016903382,0.00016861474],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005445928,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000552068,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.76059145,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011992868,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008809603,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.823265},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4399914400","doi":"10.33919/esnbu.24.1.1","title":"Academic Integrity Policies in HEIs Across Cultures","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"English Studies at NBU","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"New Bulgarian University; Bulgarian National Science Fund; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Academic integrity; Higher education; Research integrity; Political science; Sociology; Engineering ethics; Public relations; Engineering; Law","score_opus":0.05358266981316663,"score_gpt":0.4225867043056914,"score_spread":0.3690040344925248,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4399914400","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.869799,0.04721371,0.0000050764197,0.018193912,0.004174402,0.00027657222,0.000077020486,0.00047232336,0.05978794],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9581323,0.024172146,0.00004765098,0.0009539657,0.0028852157,0.00004176018,0.000006698834,0.000014773819,0.013745461],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99787045,0.00028345475,0.00033463506,0.00036481585,0.00045297976,0.0006936501],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985718,0.0009812688,0.000045440902,0.000118653814,0.00018833854,0.000094490606],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0025238104,0.00019671342,0.00031724694,0.000076162156,0.0008358187,0.000100618694,0.00041576728,0.0008847619,0.00013944948],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0050106477,0.00015764544,0.00011690609,0.0006134106,0.00081390777,0.00037781254,0.00033713595,0.0040642633,0.00012011675],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010725242,0.00000920974,0.006663762,0.00004640872,0.000065640575,0.000018434741,0.70200443,0.000004234618,0.00002147891,0.046054,0.2426498,0.002451861],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000862067,0.0000109785105,0.0013904027,0.00017803516,0.000010664451,0.0000010262613,0.23989761,0.000011878745,0.00011185848,0.005077652,0.75304794,0.00017574508],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0047743735,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.013721949,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.51039815,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00061006716,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000101227335,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9982334},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400313990","doi":"10.1126/science.adr0734","title":"Preventing bad behavior in academia","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"letter","venue":"Science","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick; Université de Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Scientific misconduct; Misconduct; Psychology; Criminology; Political science; Engineering ethics; Law; Medicine; Engineering; Alternative medicine","score_opus":0.033648943098852045,"score_gpt":0.3599365938132523,"score_spread":0.3262876507144003,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400313990","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"commentary","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"commentary","genre_consensus":"commentary","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.006811464,0.00080824085,0.000009933173,0.90120757,0.003594077,0.0004305606,0.000020695568,0.00013405729,0.086983435],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.018714944,0.0004016477,0.00056881754,0.8642348,0.010604018,0.00011887668,0.000018828472,0.000040668125,0.10529741],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99625945,0.00020659884,0.0003146676,0.00068064395,0.001580561,0.00095808774],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99928653,0.00023330093,0.00010733813,0.00019948541,0.00008238315,0.00009097538],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.006371326,0.00017593111,0.00020940334,0.00046371386,0.00056680193,0.00029743725,0.0018072061,0.0062182946,0.00036505898],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0011693268,0.00016755065,0.000090758534,0.0016394126,0.0017667571,0.00052510033,0.00023511378,0.02773868,0.000707796],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[5.4128617e-7,0.0000053397634,0.0012152537,0.00003318624,0.0000016747246,0.00023268776,0.0077929706,3.517962e-7,0.0000853439,0.0022775372,0.983252,0.0051031117],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000020704876,0.0000057430866,0.0006383993,0.00021748344,0.000016624732,0.000004098941,0.00045906933,0.000015332475,0.000050325125,0.0047035892,0.99364847,0.00022016624],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0016749172,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00037422738,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.036972746,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000477843,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0016734061,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9950718},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400456214","doi":"10.18162/fp.2024.808","title":"Usages du téléphone portable chez les étudiants et fraude aux examens en milieu universitaire camerounais","year":2024,"lang":"fr","type":"article","venue":"Formation et profession","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Art","score_opus":0.026617995597642514,"score_gpt":0.32281996840479027,"score_spread":0.2962019728071478,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400456214","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7524121,0.011614818,0.0053278184,0.18085112,0.006611246,0.0006423096,0.00020820826,0.00033114463,0.042001277],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.92916393,0.012356497,0.00039931736,0.00091314735,0.00045049927,0.000012540067,0.00020294882,0.00002120323,0.05647993],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99683857,0.0013326076,0.00042136697,0.0002992336,0.00061789353,0.0004903112],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998913,0.000435565,0.0001921846,0.00014973649,0.00015586536,0.0001536742],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0033040876,0.00024650828,0.00025111355,0.00016174825,0.0010851342,0.00013810836,0.0003194769,0.0013381204,0.0024623352],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00023018329,0.0002283888,0.00011666918,0.0006693142,0.00029206107,0.004787139,0.00015592041,0.0021784867,0.0010673257],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003435681,0.00011472531,0.0024068416,0.00063488213,0.00007917113,0.000052470503,0.4540128,0.0000930247,0.0003949019,0.14903463,0.32788023,0.06526197],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00035140823,0.00009830786,0.0033707852,0.0025117444,0.00009700368,0.000017346589,0.273613,0.004466819,0.0009872025,0.004017615,0.7100415,0.00042722127],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005315057,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002086944,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.38216132,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004366698,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007157742,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99995834},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400482628","doi":"10.55016/ojs/cpai.v3i2.71211","title":"Reducing plagiarism and improving writing: A lesson from Chinese painting","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Perspectives on Academic Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Painting; Art; Psychology; Visual arts","score_opus":0.02857825619423319,"score_gpt":0.300936564859512,"score_spread":0.27235830866527877,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400482628","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8597114,0.0017801699,0.0004148128,0.10286345,0.0003418769,0.00040813608,0.00018204874,0.00021856156,0.034079555],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98671347,0.00051232486,0.00064362993,0.009258247,0.0026310182,0.000011956057,0.000016083357,0.000034713496,0.0001785354],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.996572,0.0006315332,0.00042942204,0.0009404858,0.0004887126,0.0009378314],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9970786,0.00091352005,0.00019834004,0.00018489228,0.00020302316,0.0014216511],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0023583,0.00034545874,0.0004155729,0.00022155585,0.0013358453,0.0001705165,0.00064990716,0.0023444481,0.0003674491],"category_scores_gemma":[0.011573574,0.0003490128,0.00011845496,0.00049553683,0.0006004434,0.00062858034,0.00008356048,0.0146376835,0.00007212311],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000097912925,0.000022433052,0.025400648,0.00003715829,0.00009075305,0.000078824494,0.6982633,0.000010567074,0.0022301227,0.23085444,0.008311226,0.0346026],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009789923,0.00016143633,0.016975949,0.00051389844,0.000085512205,0.0000127409785,0.88757735,0.007960002,0.00040424583,0.01874033,0.0649775,0.0016120592],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.6183804,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.05800113,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.56037927,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001077374,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0013040656,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999643},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400482629","doi":"10.55016/ojs/cpai.v1i1.52759","title":"Academic Advisors as Valuable Partners for Supporting Academic Integrity","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Perspectives on Academic Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Research integrity; Business; Psychology; Public relations; Political science; Social psychology","score_opus":0.06353938119318447,"score_gpt":0.41117953735930346,"score_spread":0.347640156166119,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400482629","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.52864957,0.0024983236,0.0015180459,0.13078593,0.005011469,0.004618437,0.00090296305,0.001016469,0.32499877],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9610293,0.0022679253,0.00074710563,0.013595096,0.006649633,0.00024746297,0.00006953614,0.00012070186,0.015273251],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9906748,0.0012321876,0.0013703139,0.0018747472,0.0013904757,0.0034574913],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99273604,0.0018536496,0.00070089725,0.0006501741,0.0014817389,0.0025774708],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.012408645,0.0008567321,0.000942031,0.0010746433,0.003325311,0.0001309583,0.0027820184,0.0086046895,0.0025970163],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02715933,0.0008848706,0.0005241411,0.0013677183,0.0033543955,0.0015145834,0.00014201194,0.039113346,0.0015563573],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":true,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002766517,0.000033336077,0.004326603,0.00003145588,0.00011305183,0.000013083985,0.09778387,0.0000039329843,0.00031576125,0.7334824,0.15728134,0.0063384916],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00084160065,0.00043695886,0.0008994556,0.00041316843,0.00012619753,0.000029864917,0.20943291,0.00063405756,0.0016670579,0.11138437,0.6727785,0.0013558653],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.24123397,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.07152695,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.622098,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0053410525,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.009833266,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9993602},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400482632","doi":"10.55016/ojs/cpai.v3i1.69768","title":"Methodological Decisions in Undertaking Academic Integrity Policy Analysis: Considerations for Future Research","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Perspectives on Academic Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; University of Manitoba; University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Research integrity; Academic integrity; Engineering ethics; Management science; Political science; Engineering","score_opus":0.47070538490822916,"score_gpt":0.5190155712497355,"score_spread":0.048310186341506356,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400482632","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.07879624,0.0024082605,0.0059178793,0.8753502,0.0005596187,0.0022518039,0.0007217505,0.00022633946,0.03376795],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97200155,0.003456826,0.0042638658,0.015998047,0.003745284,0.00014626453,0.0000311473,0.000031008716,0.00032598377],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.98980415,0.0051302137,0.00086495595,0.0013383051,0.0010676361,0.0017947216],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.98142433,0.015075294,0.00020789022,0.00036986126,0.0010802088,0.0018423873],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.015549602,0.00040426562,0.00087258854,0.002441335,0.0021582232,0.00014285343,0.0013425032,0.00527957,0.0006292338],"category_scores_gemma":[0.14163595,0.00038640102,0.00046287442,0.0052993353,0.0013657176,0.0005773878,0.000107265456,0.04090443,0.000098622644],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":true,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000100132864,0.000024262636,0.00297313,0.000005688297,0.00013320695,0.000017810065,0.116526045,0.000052934727,0.000059340826,0.8625843,0.015900433,0.0016227015],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00055406237,0.00015851793,0.00851771,0.00012134247,0.0001324711,0.000005881871,0.4983335,0.0014870225,0.00007997099,0.35302877,0.1369279,0.0006528365],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.29342476,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.43950212,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.89320534,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.004508313,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.009057107,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998588},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400482634","doi":"10.55016/ojs/cpai.v4i2.74167","title":"Promising Practices and Emerging Ideas in Academic Integrity Policy Development","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Perspectives on Academic Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Athabasca University","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Engineering ethics; Research integrity; Political science; Process management; Business; Engineering","score_opus":0.056113390415950946,"score_gpt":0.38598599103544745,"score_spread":0.3298726006194965,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400482634","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.80146223,0.0054425127,0.00007140065,0.12285535,0.00048452508,0.0005875206,0.000044553773,0.0001256385,0.06892626],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98521334,0.0054271263,0.0011316685,0.0047157244,0.0010852605,0.00003977748,0.00001634498,0.0000358735,0.002334859],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9947004,0.0013116449,0.00071208115,0.0010987383,0.00075920206,0.0014179798],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9967934,0.0008833443,0.00044336382,0.0002789762,0.00047943785,0.0011215018],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.005646003,0.00042070998,0.000511266,0.0010059541,0.0012015627,0.00014797659,0.00075305725,0.0030839487,0.0003289176],"category_scores_gemma":[0.027880928,0.0004546428,0.00009806641,0.0014503374,0.0007434929,0.0011714288,0.00013156857,0.02644863,0.00008600406],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":true,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006367696,0.000051561175,0.031791624,0.00004336944,0.00006425845,0.0001412214,0.2524812,0.0000036734784,0.00039016258,0.6958647,0.002854372,0.016250195],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007493321,0.000043161002,0.037456043,0.0009717221,0.000036986756,0.0000897682,0.49725437,0.0001688534,0.0014791961,0.043725032,0.41683438,0.0011911263],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.40418002,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.41441256,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.65213966,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00556265,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.016926575,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99979055},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400482635","doi":"10.55016/ojs/cpai.v4i2.74186","title":"Remediation: Understanding Academic Integrity","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Perspectives on Academic Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Environmental remediation; Environmental science; Engineering ethics; Engineering; Biology; Ecology; Contamination","score_opus":0.08894919807297942,"score_gpt":0.34756833925062014,"score_spread":0.25861914117764073,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400482635","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.086446576,0.005223388,0.002559913,0.2963248,0.004521497,0.0009907982,0.0004285602,0.00058186497,0.6029226],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9744211,0.005836987,0.0004348135,0.009243886,0.002883661,0.000029264209,0.000059615275,0.000046766952,0.0070438934],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.99420804,0.0013758761,0.0006460565,0.001110961,0.0011483267,0.0015107478],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99591535,0.0010994886,0.0002374607,0.00046985314,0.00072374387,0.0015540964],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.004499945,0.00044441008,0.0005170809,0.00059034495,0.0018959432,0.0001353586,0.001126447,0.0049068234,0.002825632],"category_scores_gemma":[0.012441954,0.00048527337,0.00027460046,0.0013892759,0.0011459888,0.0009576217,0.00008318951,0.03459828,0.0005857687],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":true,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000028194008,0.000021331432,0.003293779,0.000010087478,0.000050491002,0.00007344757,0.049398385,0.000003897471,0.00012273756,0.89519346,0.050968125,0.00083607406],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000472859,0.00005216584,0.0019873315,0.00030736884,0.000057619785,0.00004165683,0.45190665,0.00013420975,0.0005794891,0.1521058,0.39148226,0.00087258365],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.13192433,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.20896374,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.88797456,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.010835156,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.009720903,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997599},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400482637","doi":"10.55016/ojs/cpai.v2i1.61826","title":"Evaluation of a Tutorial Designed to Promote Academic Integrity","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Perspectives on Academic Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Research integrity; Computer science; Engineering ethics; Psychology; Engineering","score_opus":0.05212534734288214,"score_gpt":0.36036062487741094,"score_spread":0.3082352775345288,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400482637","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8800123,0.00059429783,0.00015053035,0.01866403,0.0026490393,0.0029273184,0.00020243532,0.00012489149,0.094675176],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99428105,0.00024015043,0.0004369516,0.0016332746,0.0016630855,0.000082617866,0.000014511246,0.000037654765,0.0016106986],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.992151,0.0022793415,0.00073718996,0.0010000428,0.0026427347,0.001189659],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99512786,0.00055039325,0.00031681938,0.0005000463,0.002299325,0.0012055706],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.020580346,0.00041754806,0.0006176012,0.00086496765,0.00049892167,0.000047548765,0.0014592728,0.0039869584,0.0023386679],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01703149,0.00042288448,0.0002360447,0.001180153,0.0005213146,0.00069325697,0.000070959824,0.017159795,0.0009371329],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":true,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00035797828,0.00008740556,0.0050029047,0.00003341288,0.00017565963,0.000005230551,0.20573914,0.00007443106,0.004858653,0.7373458,0.024875484,0.021443857],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004404137,0.0014649153,0.016963216,0.0019481543,0.0007482153,0.000023447556,0.3576368,0.0029281536,0.010969428,0.14190324,0.45763287,0.003377417],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.26138797,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.06943385,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5954426,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.006837476,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.010823172,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99984074},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400482638","doi":"10.55016/ojs/cpai.v3i2.71652","title":"My journey to becoming an academic integrity specialist","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Perspectives on Academic Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Red River College","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Engineering ethics; Psychology; Engineering","score_opus":0.10785934004635284,"score_gpt":0.37302354741467647,"score_spread":0.26516420736832363,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400482638","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.38052568,0.000865348,0.0009377054,0.46078965,0.0019511877,0.001610287,0.0006777057,0.0005753025,0.15206712],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.92871106,0.0008940764,0.0007974346,0.05999641,0.007922167,0.000039184444,0.000033258104,0.00007579593,0.0015306277],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99304897,0.0014445033,0.0008637505,0.0015120009,0.0011958313,0.0019349632],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99243385,0.0005645205,0.00026923986,0.00047128325,0.0006082193,0.0056528803],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0044152425,0.0006407656,0.00076312444,0.00067238836,0.0018967354,0.0002215067,0.0027664902,0.004386118,0.0026872647],"category_scores_gemma":[0.013625621,0.0006797414,0.00029659396,0.0014679147,0.00096625264,0.0014441803,0.00013843091,0.03960548,0.0014735565],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017591797,0.000039195897,0.0034079857,0.000013950497,0.000055180943,0.00005574824,0.3227843,0.000017837372,0.0003306062,0.5494433,0.118676394,0.004999596],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00045524226,0.0002790334,0.0032812883,0.0001978135,0.00005027575,0.000014058914,0.35734123,0.00029657804,0.0003676161,0.012007573,0.6245762,0.0011330709],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.34409705,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.22239143,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.54818535,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0044698557,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00501852,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99956536},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400482640","doi":"10.55016/ojs/cpai.v4i2.74185","title":"Resolving the Ambiguous Expectations of Academic Integrity","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Perspectives on Academic Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Research integrity; Psychology; Engineering ethics; Computer science; Social psychology; Engineering","score_opus":0.04143225413093755,"score_gpt":0.338334783619265,"score_spread":0.29690252948832746,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400482640","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.44026884,0.015505404,0.00057287177,0.25011557,0.0023767308,0.0011635545,0.0005940135,0.0002879074,0.2891151],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9882712,0.0036598234,0.0003446619,0.0031549584,0.0010495768,0.000040096114,0.000021507254,0.0000318799,0.003426331],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.99491936,0.0016343436,0.0006859463,0.00077143277,0.0009206732,0.0010682213],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9960466,0.001268266,0.00029987356,0.0005675471,0.0010841598,0.00073353393],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0034227318,0.00034059465,0.00046896382,0.00038894793,0.0016496213,0.00006874737,0.001472332,0.0028453034,0.0010684109],"category_scores_gemma":[0.015652882,0.00029584975,0.00029988718,0.001314767,0.0017192069,0.00053115597,0.00009329412,0.026490493,0.00017726472],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003169398,0.00003505642,0.0022308412,0.00001262492,0.000073801035,0.000031327985,0.17421927,0.000006454986,0.00046200113,0.79187113,0.027406527,0.0036192962],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00030307757,0.000055508564,0.006742065,0.00031995823,0.00007162669,0.000036814592,0.8068615,0.00014263454,0.002010935,0.0353866,0.14751454,0.0005546974],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.30956805,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.20974582,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7564845,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0021611978,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0069875326,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99994934},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400482641","doi":"10.55016/ojs/cpai.v4i2.74165","title":"Learn by Doing: An Academic Integrity Policy Revision","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Perspectives on Academic Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Assiniboine Community College","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Research integrity; Political science; Psychology; Engineering ethics; Business; Public relations; Social psychology; Engineering","score_opus":0.034405221205608426,"score_gpt":0.357553643426967,"score_spread":0.3231484222213586,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400482641","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.2702641,0.011483073,0.00090384524,0.30368882,0.0021015294,0.0013385505,0.0011616133,0.000777664,0.40828082],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.95031184,0.012661812,0.0006234273,0.017149696,0.0036587745,0.000023988734,0.00016307714,0.0000800261,0.0153273605],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99189115,0.0024632781,0.00078025117,0.0015447069,0.001211968,0.0021086594],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99458146,0.0007111944,0.00028605055,0.0007133291,0.0009636699,0.002744277],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0054708,0.0006029188,0.0006956822,0.000734172,0.0019658543,0.00019630478,0.0017874788,0.0061657606,0.002184345],"category_scores_gemma":[0.013607455,0.0006343851,0.00031338495,0.0017300175,0.0012982681,0.0014815443,0.00012425703,0.04131547,0.00064016477],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":true,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005944991,0.00007659356,0.0017553938,0.0000190125,0.000054327797,0.00006332407,0.074292436,0.000003562019,0.0009172762,0.7641703,0.13851698,0.020071367],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00033155264,0.00009653655,0.0005288972,0.00026486436,0.000033448763,0.000035260626,0.16072643,0.00008270163,0.0009103574,0.015119235,0.82110864,0.00076210237],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.44933224,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1281394,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.74905103,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0065556704,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.012834529,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996107},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400482642","doi":"10.55016/ojs/cpai.v1i1.43375","title":"Academic Integrity Outreach: supporting high school students for success in higher education","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Perspectives on Academic Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Outreach; Academic integrity; Medical education; Mathematics education; Psychology; Computer science; Political science; Medicine; Library science","score_opus":0.05648085155324686,"score_gpt":0.39903191589364984,"score_spread":0.342551064340403,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400482642","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8469368,0.00068052334,0.00008240209,0.071619764,0.0041546873,0.0020919445,0.00030170954,0.00020139382,0.07393077],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9700358,0.0004309295,0.00032682804,0.0077580065,0.0053087017,0.00022798679,0.00005898921,0.000054577315,0.015798187],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9943579,0.0008222544,0.00091665133,0.0012009413,0.00095321925,0.0017490205],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99610955,0.0006953258,0.00040997614,0.00041693923,0.00094479736,0.0014234127],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0062006223,0.0005020234,0.00059142517,0.0010478316,0.0012014116,0.00015885032,0.0021991194,0.0043319385,0.0030183957],"category_scores_gemma":[0.007161539,0.00052182504,0.00020172902,0.00102054,0.0011764199,0.0011725633,0.00009602251,0.02002469,0.00041055089],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":true,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00018993701,0.0001461831,0.17322066,0.000029762366,0.00005941847,0.0000063189855,0.04325815,9.740586e-7,0.00008712917,0.72178745,0.057172243,0.004041799],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0017114272,0.00037850384,0.24992946,0.00097068364,0.00009775516,0.0000096390995,0.19491047,0.00007507372,0.0005324623,0.120028704,0.4295519,0.001803931],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.45854592,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.22325225,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6017587,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0069787116,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0075677675,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997233},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400482644","doi":"10.55016/ojs/cpai.v4i2.74174","title":"Encouraging Academic Integrity Through a Preventative Framework","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Perspectives on Academic Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Langara College","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Research integrity; Psychology; Computer science; Engineering ethics; Engineering; Social psychology","score_opus":0.05116800912072478,"score_gpt":0.3756730951378219,"score_spread":0.3245050860170971,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400482644","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.21431059,0.01237643,0.009273798,0.25402406,0.0047965283,0.0018164939,0.0008539238,0.0007633097,0.50178486],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96146613,0.008403658,0.0040916307,0.016500676,0.0026700126,0.000079280755,0.000044813947,0.000068492336,0.0066752927],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.99254596,0.0021909846,0.0007579768,0.0014346091,0.0011937398,0.0018767416],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9948233,0.0019709,0.00031702663,0.00057700835,0.0009850103,0.001326769],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0037238526,0.00060377276,0.0007102326,0.0003954677,0.0019040883,0.00014477082,0.0015442009,0.0058232215,0.0033839364],"category_scores_gemma":[0.018402686,0.0006397783,0.00038782743,0.0015781771,0.001528545,0.00139786,0.00013304471,0.052980892,0.00065583515],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":true,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003659943,0.000038892627,0.00249262,0.000014086876,0.000089688045,0.0001049911,0.2065644,0.0000039203737,0.000082633705,0.76609254,0.022462515,0.0020171232],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00030820246,0.00005718086,0.00164147,0.00072413037,0.00006768869,0.000043917014,0.45199865,0.00005469309,0.0011070126,0.295763,0.24737342,0.0008606556],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.24278851,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.09761979,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.74715555,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.005248168,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.009548483,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99960536},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400482647","doi":"10.55016/ojs/cpai.v4i2.74188","title":"A New Framework for Enhancing (Academic) Integrity","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Perspectives on Academic Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Holland College","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Research integrity; Computer science; Process management; Business; Engineering ethics; Engineering; Library science","score_opus":0.04372738015871748,"score_gpt":0.3553249030111322,"score_spread":0.3115975228524147,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400482647","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.04341334,0.014312957,0.21792255,0.41523406,0.009125537,0.0033853243,0.0011128591,0.0010208831,0.29447246],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.86845016,0.008234999,0.043506026,0.0298283,0.012878881,0.00017882744,0.00010812846,0.00016789748,0.036646746],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99443454,0.00082899816,0.0007347693,0.0013096007,0.0008370757,0.0018550066],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9936586,0.0026108515,0.0002633684,0.000531819,0.00074086554,0.002194501],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0039821635,0.0005272608,0.0006760461,0.00047225333,0.0016212455,0.00014161714,0.001367741,0.0066930307,0.001987865],"category_scores_gemma":[0.031596966,0.00057350274,0.00044760804,0.0011099295,0.00059902866,0.0007290365,0.0000816563,0.034681734,0.0003408185],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":true,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000057615478,0.000018899229,0.0006404604,0.000015357944,0.00006502037,0.000023825189,0.057333943,0.0000016457826,0.00011729799,0.86975247,0.06396808,0.00800541],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00032672292,0.000060073296,0.00034553974,0.00045415037,0.00005390514,0.000017340659,0.15603477,0.000048066187,0.0014991248,0.27628294,0.5642189,0.00065848674],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.25114307,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.3508118,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8250368,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.004305841,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.015736979,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996785},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400482649","doi":"10.55016/ojs/cpai.v4i2.74166","title":"Insights on Academic Integrity Policy Development: Crafting Policy Catered to Your Institution","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Perspectives on Academic Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Camosun College","funders":"","keywords":"Institution; Academic integrity; Business; Political science; Engineering ethics; Engineering","score_opus":0.057740228762931445,"score_gpt":0.360359925287271,"score_spread":0.30261969652433957,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400482649","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6024169,0.00093828054,0.00040797083,0.17418644,0.0013504382,0.0010473108,0.00023950606,0.0003852369,0.21902794],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9637881,0.00095305283,0.0006074206,0.0242567,0.004223066,0.000073026844,0.000059821847,0.00005639543,0.0059824316],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99332297,0.0011909843,0.00090118125,0.0014759637,0.0012009407,0.0019079356],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9953971,0.00046982258,0.00026063423,0.0005384448,0.00094887806,0.0023851432],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0021779886,0.00068365625,0.00067382434,0.0021492501,0.0025605778,0.00017909979,0.0015318309,0.004589773,0.00031566794],"category_scores_gemma":[0.021434234,0.0007095601,0.00023812304,0.0029900642,0.0007662865,0.0008641432,0.00017509326,0.025425032,0.0012501256],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":true,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000074506745,0.000053789194,0.0010766364,0.000016929424,0.000065679655,0.000067043904,0.16834721,0.000025542222,0.00056511344,0.81482655,0.007328126,0.0075528733],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00069205015,0.00012472786,0.01407096,0.0009093304,0.000035005192,0.000038717026,0.14418656,0.00005320232,0.007051606,0.028752005,0.8025541,0.001531783],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.41819444,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.2086931,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7952259,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.015766034,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.03171288,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99953556},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400482653","doi":"10.55016/ojs/cpai.v4i2.74173","title":"Student Voices in Academic Integrity","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Perspectives on Academic Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Langara College","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Research integrity; Academic dishonesty; Psychology; Engineering ethics; Cheating; Social psychology; Engineering","score_opus":0.042196785589645625,"score_gpt":0.3675141885887048,"score_spread":0.3253174029990592,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400482653","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.649315,0.005654149,0.000060426093,0.09537656,0.0017730752,0.00073962036,0.0002184107,0.00020777578,0.246655],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97770774,0.0067017265,0.000199824,0.0077521144,0.0014246636,0.000054898264,0.00002904965,0.000040266426,0.006089728],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.993325,0.0017595043,0.00078435236,0.0012544452,0.0011601119,0.0017165884],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9963462,0.0009701615,0.00021138825,0.00048041515,0.0006528947,0.0013389864],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.005220903,0.00048904,0.00064600393,0.0008017368,0.0009023659,0.00012421524,0.0016340185,0.004839168,0.0019181207],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0082451925,0.0005204542,0.00025269212,0.0015614476,0.0010233619,0.0008867459,0.00012842099,0.04191966,0.00059901894],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":true,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000045774737,0.00009710511,0.06734147,0.000015742233,0.000057616166,0.00023538036,0.13876857,0.000008686436,0.00015579961,0.77127784,0.019047044,0.0029489899],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007250032,0.000058106838,0.05942044,0.0004918117,0.000041437623,0.000032376945,0.5325286,0.000075996846,0.0005882671,0.031700533,0.37328804,0.0010494175],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.40594873,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.61850905,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7395773,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0061487607,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.007980872,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997247},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400482654","doi":"10.55016/ojs/cpai.v1i1.53121","title":"Reflections on academic integrity and academic dishonesty: How did we get here, and how do we get out?","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Perspectives on Academic Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Academic dishonesty; Academic integrity; Dishonesty; Psychology; Cheating; Social psychology","score_opus":0.06702713484254193,"score_gpt":0.3676613895498667,"score_spread":0.3006342547073248,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400482654","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.31036383,0.012950357,0.00026186928,0.6199649,0.0027796333,0.0017153115,0.00095195766,0.00050882,0.05050332],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.92420745,0.05672477,0.00026618305,0.005705699,0.004529159,0.00008930999,0.000022343633,0.00009569061,0.008359411],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.992162,0.0017264535,0.0006090624,0.002093745,0.0012158256,0.002192916],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9943305,0.0014860204,0.00045397994,0.00063894404,0.0006563738,0.0024341573],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["sts","research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0047472916,0.0009920847,0.0009851003,0.0011623059,0.0030422704,0.0003884246,0.0015749199,0.00813417,0.00032106353],"category_scores_gemma":[0.007896318,0.0009470439,0.00025138273,0.0011012477,0.0049166046,0.0016637032,0.00022278281,0.0482917,0.00022619194],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00030840104,0.00006531866,0.0111859515,0.000072233684,0.00020632142,0.000045041368,0.19548504,6.599133e-7,0.0007416275,0.63303405,0.13722354,0.02163181],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007536391,0.00049254275,0.004356813,0.0009719199,0.00013096492,0.00008643634,0.2477665,0.00010226015,0.00050145504,0.0679281,0.6754347,0.0014746358],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.05236382,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.13460729,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6142592,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00328159,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0025223796,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99929804},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400482661","doi":"10.55016/ojs/cpai.v3i1.70256","title":"Preventing online shopping for completed assessments: Protecting students by blocking access to contract cheating websites on institutional networks","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Perspectives on Academic Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba; Red River College; Assiniboine Community College","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Blocking (statistics); Business; Internet privacy; Computer security; Computer science; Psychology; Computer network; Social psychology","score_opus":0.09908752420155016,"score_gpt":0.42104111424447815,"score_spread":0.321953590042928,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400482661","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.85873073,0.00046548908,0.040720455,0.08053177,0.0009341723,0.0056723887,0.0011175908,0.00039002756,0.011437359],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97708195,0.00005958742,0.000786078,0.019739946,0.0019300911,0.00013331062,0.0000944059,0.000034400065,0.0001402431],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99604976,0.0006157535,0.00056667736,0.00088744663,0.000781965,0.0010983972],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9969521,0.0011808516,0.0002849984,0.00014404242,0.00041548655,0.0010224896],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0029978012,0.00036117644,0.00044684001,0.00025185948,0.0026281911,0.00035832636,0.0014050935,0.0011560459,0.00019044499],"category_scores_gemma":[0.010651503,0.00038933606,0.0001592921,0.0006920038,0.00022173265,0.00072321016,0.000114842536,0.00952221,0.000020100224],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.002133311,0.001258749,0.22384048,0.00039999228,0.0014870003,0.00009733916,0.25363913,0.019468518,0.006057072,0.29329175,0.10777053,0.09055612],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005596206,0.001884659,0.041228246,0.0067045745,0.00031471497,0.000017247608,0.36683857,0.2016699,0.001174496,0.002511884,0.3671757,0.004883792],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.053528175,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.030356424,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2907799,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0026928142,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0011764558,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998559},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400482669","doi":"10.55016/ojs/cpai.v4i2.74168","title":"ESL Student Perspectives on Problems and Solutions for Academic Integrity","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Perspectives on Academic Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Thompson Rivers University","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Research integrity; Mathematics education; Engineering ethics; Psychology; Computer science; Engineering","score_opus":0.06360839734941658,"score_gpt":0.3528300335601717,"score_spread":0.2892216362107551,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400482669","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.51802343,0.02482073,0.0016447899,0.28839922,0.0028428568,0.0046222545,0.002114475,0.0006436636,0.15688862],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9763494,0.010890481,0.00044228113,0.00468265,0.0017862084,0.00023288772,0.000044787055,0.000060729075,0.0055105407],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.99394846,0.0010431536,0.00063437084,0.0015738284,0.00089512696,0.0019050664],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9952761,0.0014839992,0.00023947771,0.00046513765,0.0011464484,0.0013888486],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.004645653,0.00057410105,0.00065711926,0.0006018457,0.0028166082,0.00017716743,0.001023985,0.0037268938,0.00049782573],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00901157,0.0005858885,0.00032143138,0.0007950459,0.0016122265,0.000672629,0.00013785168,0.022307156,0.000118528624],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000056606208,0.0001001409,0.00095868955,0.000022461001,0.0001073161,0.000017960376,0.21230026,0.000010711948,0.00014611303,0.7684086,0.016371423,0.0014997327],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00080814946,0.00025927988,0.004198689,0.00042687164,0.000096665055,0.00003593505,0.75452447,0.00018143593,0.00022073374,0.044311594,0.19403373,0.0009024387],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.07873512,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.11164955,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.724097,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0046812454,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0043733153,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99965924},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400482674","doi":"10.55016/ojs/cpai.v2i2.68091","title":"The International Dimension of Academic Integrity: An Integrative Literature Review","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Perspectives on Academic Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Medicine Hat College","funders":"","keywords":"Dimension (graph theory); Academic integrity; Psychology; Mathematics; Social psychology","score_opus":0.018985289177233033,"score_gpt":0.3309890302235436,"score_spread":0.31200374104631057,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400482674","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.22920196,0.13698435,0.0000858709,0.30388346,0.0077664005,0.0044034,0.0010215745,0.0003392356,0.3163137],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.72449535,0.252086,0.00017378626,0.012840926,0.0011341139,0.000053595257,0.00009889661,0.000045957917,0.0090713585],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99490637,0.0013148085,0.0007871588,0.00086224655,0.0012075559,0.0009218496],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9957136,0.0011732968,0.00045422427,0.00061249104,0.0012769018,0.0007694969],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0063396124,0.0004534984,0.00060303503,0.00044158034,0.000835161,0.000105933585,0.0026731582,0.0027419291,0.0008394836],"category_scores_gemma":[0.007129264,0.0003211433,0.00030131562,0.0009664321,0.0011063225,0.0012030727,0.000108785214,0.027213985,0.00026909335],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001241023,0.00003491955,0.0022770362,0.00006874736,0.00010143412,0.000011115024,0.05644681,0.0000013249427,0.00037847683,0.87663853,0.055561814,0.008355672],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00049568206,0.00029864922,0.001491088,0.011558058,0.00007908022,0.000036123136,0.18814082,0.0002653614,0.0006566283,0.027157824,0.7689542,0.00086648023],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.059945986,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.051921807,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.84948075,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0022827368,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002956088,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99992406},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400482678","doi":"10.55016/ojs/cpai.v4i2.74187","title":"Managing Academic Integrity in Canadian Engineering Schools","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Perspectives on Academic Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Research integrity; Structural integrity; Engineering management; Engineering ethics; Engineering; Political science","score_opus":0.024789754950424153,"score_gpt":0.3064330872225871,"score_spread":0.281643332272163,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400482678","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.3936176,0.0076731853,0.00028956667,0.30731058,0.0033627376,0.001391543,0.0006894857,0.00044839305,0.2852169],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98501706,0.003926803,0.00040219823,0.006752253,0.0012056081,0.000048204027,0.00004077473,0.000058267484,0.0025488562],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9938796,0.0008162176,0.0006935784,0.0011692023,0.00076085713,0.0026805194],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9953082,0.0005200916,0.00013243845,0.00047638654,0.00050109095,0.0030617835],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0048345877,0.0005203211,0.00059690845,0.0016506232,0.00091965776,0.00015113053,0.0013734796,0.004523605,0.0012173154],"category_scores_gemma":[0.011856411,0.00061767764,0.00022307654,0.0019274716,0.00038987552,0.0009758208,0.00007583633,0.046679616,0.0004305391],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":true,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000023944125,0.000023461409,0.03579391,0.000027256046,0.00005990762,0.00051053544,0.039749097,0.000109346416,0.00017094475,0.9032632,0.017051911,0.0032164606],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000757042,0.000050281713,0.02876586,0.0012432879,0.000050389994,0.00008197143,0.26328298,0.002100086,0.00060728926,0.034630314,0.6665563,0.0018742254],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.98224294,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9871252,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8686329,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.014208698,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.018069971,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996957},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400482679","doi":"10.55016/ojs/cpai.v2i2.69454","title":"Reflections on the 2019 Canadian Symposium on Academic Integrity","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Perspectives on Academic Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Research integrity; Structural integrity; Engineering ethics; Political science; Engineering","score_opus":0.04574804236803998,"score_gpt":0.3519775740513231,"score_spread":0.30622953168328315,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400482679","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.13293964,0.0002883268,0.000008407033,0.26949397,0.0026194449,0.0014102625,0.00077691226,0.00018007887,0.59228295],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9302445,0.0018057788,0.000027674289,0.03962919,0.001925271,0.00006583539,0.00004958449,0.000070903894,0.02618124],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9927442,0.0017468305,0.0006420491,0.0013953246,0.0012144845,0.0022571296],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9940586,0.0018888436,0.00026148383,0.0009380323,0.00052191375,0.0023311162],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.005517258,0.0006949017,0.00059011835,0.0013020873,0.0028539654,0.00016845128,0.002516615,0.0055936407,0.0038746623],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0047376687,0.00056956103,0.00037187352,0.0013753794,0.0011403225,0.0005896191,0.000058665042,0.051201493,0.0077264323],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":true,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000071055074,0.000026415097,0.0010404576,0.000004037719,0.000060223094,0.00001169346,0.03258903,0.000022308126,0.00014951029,0.7956536,0.17003083,0.00034086508],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00040434836,0.0003856924,0.0043524792,0.0004695968,0.000052269974,0.000017839819,0.1090172,0.00010901765,0.00040347534,0.024388481,0.85927564,0.0011239647],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.94559515,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9111936,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.79730487,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.011679882,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.009666009,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996756},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400482685","doi":"10.55016/ojs/cpai.v4i2.74220","title":"Capturing Academic Integrity at the University of Lethbridge","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Perspectives on Academic Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Lethbridge","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Research integrity; Political science; Engineering ethics; Engineering","score_opus":0.0347525536356185,"score_gpt":0.29273485985308595,"score_spread":0.2579823062174674,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400482685","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.64779323,0.005558544,0.00022662728,0.1359226,0.0011008076,0.0005716219,0.0005627251,0.0001391685,0.20812467],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.974314,0.0048828926,0.00010971479,0.0026407833,0.00063121517,0.0000026546684,0.000024205945,0.000023740391,0.017370801],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9957002,0.00139753,0.00038977247,0.00076526706,0.00075440895,0.0009928346],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9968539,0.0009908425,0.00024115051,0.0004928748,0.00065551855,0.0007657447],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0033955243,0.00031555258,0.00044099588,0.0002399187,0.0019396895,0.000028713053,0.0013981314,0.002880632,0.0029841012],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004616797,0.00029633896,0.00030403514,0.00079697877,0.0022285078,0.00041599915,0.00018890544,0.022364303,0.0003756218],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000107109685,0.00003715261,0.008928565,0.0000269347,0.00012744071,0.00011848124,0.17835686,0.000016715103,0.00075794716,0.70126,0.10728836,0.0029744946],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003690725,0.00003266733,0.009451931,0.00023140016,0.00007252396,0.00003539822,0.3640033,0.00007184641,0.0020788505,0.007949878,0.6151982,0.0005049538],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.4503911,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.46446815,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6933101,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0043317117,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.005187657,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99994886},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400482686","doi":"10.55016/ojs/cpai.v1i2.56983","title":"Academic Integrity Pledges -- Acculturating Students to Integrity within Canadian Higher Education","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Perspectives on Academic Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Humber Polytechnic","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Structural integrity; Territorial integrity; Research integrity; Political science; Personal Integrity; Membrane integrity; Psychology; Law; Engineering; Public relations; Social psychology; Chemistry","score_opus":0.053794651784380476,"score_gpt":0.3856394912093709,"score_spread":0.33184483942499043,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400482686","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6847361,0.0007572229,0.000056598717,0.12611341,0.0076472475,0.00210764,0.0005528936,0.00036374008,0.17766516],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9469014,0.00030665746,0.00072210486,0.025143592,0.0066341097,0.00014740549,0.00005722702,0.00007551417,0.020011988],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99179,0.0014832154,0.0010601853,0.0017073688,0.0015476194,0.002411601],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9915033,0.00052554416,0.00038779574,0.00070779584,0.0020379669,0.0048375996],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0063830814,0.0008328139,0.00075389136,0.0015695201,0.0033048945,0.0003897333,0.003569762,0.0058668545,0.0031388479],"category_scores_gemma":[0.009832928,0.00081543066,0.00026052148,0.0020088083,0.0016323822,0.0013916717,0.0001764879,0.03548792,0.002344014],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":true,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010000685,0.00008302894,0.02846168,0.000017630071,0.00010888531,0.000014108993,0.1751843,0.0000020195373,0.00019676994,0.5900346,0.20153977,0.0042571775],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00045495777,0.00029947882,0.049437027,0.0008642998,0.00009241953,0.000021368398,0.26808953,0.00004362239,0.00061333994,0.021086646,0.65724504,0.0017522387],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9606941,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.96925294,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.568948,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.013931555,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.020547582,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99942964},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400482692","doi":"10.55016/ojs/cpai.v4i2.74176","title":"Strengthening a Culture of Academic Integrity across a Faculty of Health Sciences &amp; Wellness in the Face of COVID-19","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Perspectives on Academic Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Humber Polytechnic","funders":"","keywords":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Academic integrity; 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); Face (sociological concept); Health science; Biomedical sciences; Sociology; Engineering ethics; Political science; Medical education; Virology; Medicine; Social science; Nursing; Engineering","score_opus":0.09446896773546844,"score_gpt":0.4250027377113478,"score_spread":0.33053376997587935,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400482692","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9015268,0.007743742,0.0006064656,0.075020514,0.000360944,0.00085785013,0.0019693503,0.000042408912,0.011871903],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9932218,0.0029656757,0.00030989907,0.002845827,0.00014561482,0.000017633318,0.000039610204,0.000012931355,0.00044100443],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9924903,0.0031855048,0.001207213,0.00076782616,0.001264273,0.0010848865],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99616563,0.0014527575,0.0008738795,0.00038320184,0.00054455275,0.0005799978],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.015210082,0.00033900197,0.0008551089,0.00037039517,0.0010216595,0.00003336773,0.0020597812,0.0022484038,0.00020803566],"category_scores_gemma":[0.019226985,0.0002685036,0.0002677331,0.0024023813,0.0036258518,0.0004320748,0.000106859756,0.015367117,0.00000774073],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000041225863,0.00007024623,0.012613643,0.00011015472,0.00003475194,0.000004951886,0.7284753,0.00007638367,0.0001885177,0.25159743,0.004878335,0.0019090986],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00038370665,0.00009252051,0.0033333478,0.0004778881,0.000015878757,0.000015502357,0.93234086,0.000046610385,0.000807484,0.012151422,0.050042205,0.00029257912],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.5387192,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.36103085,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.23944603,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0019052348,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.013490252,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999767},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400482696","doi":"10.55016/ojs/cpai.v1i1.43358","title":"Editorial: Inaugural issue - Sarah Elaine Eaton","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"editorial","venue":"Canadian Perspectives on Academic Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"History; Art history","score_opus":0.01433959663626801,"score_gpt":0.326436631039634,"score_spread":0.312097034403366,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400482696","genre_codex":"editorial","genre_gemma":"editorial","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"editorial","genre_consensus":"editorial","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00012877703,0.0012644406,0.000009280863,0.012285288,0.8361579,0.00079011754,0.0018974211,0.0002841466,0.14718261],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0011767205,0.0049437606,0.00007732311,0.0014042953,0.9552225,0.00006895833,0.0004757592,0.00014368874,0.036487035],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9897246,0.0016665191,0.0009388166,0.0019322414,0.0032782664,0.0024595873],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99078345,0.002524579,0.00059987785,0.0008663592,0.0030170206,0.0022087144],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0071986876,0.0011151242,0.0012509474,0.0011826424,0.0022642056,0.00031718297,0.0032359732,0.02883691,0.0038035375],"category_scores_gemma":[0.041471478,0.0011451046,0.0005014717,0.0009765502,0.0027810899,0.00091067946,0.0001385716,0.0584781,0.0036579173],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":true,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001195384,0.000029495099,0.000022498694,0.000028423547,0.0001140694,0.000021140568,0.033219542,2.8234135e-7,0.0000035825917,0.03582397,0.93014765,0.00046980573],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00039665328,0.00021478026,0.0000102512795,0.00046956175,0.0000987819,0.0000017577443,0.034143377,0.000005821925,0.000017833694,0.005499005,0.95794994,0.001192261],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.72162527,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.37442836,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.34719688,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.012066686,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.017810002,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99993277},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400482704","doi":"10.55016/ojs/cpai.v3i2.71655","title":"Neither abuse, nor neglect: A duty of care perspective on academic integrity","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Perspectives on Academic Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick; Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Neglect; Perspective (graphical); Academic integrity; Duty; Duty of care; Psychology; Psychiatry; Political science; Social psychology; Computer science; Law","score_opus":0.03399404193766195,"score_gpt":0.32752160912745865,"score_spread":0.29352756718979667,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400482704","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.44324243,0.0051573124,0.00021727118,0.16324432,0.0012947756,0.0023980322,0.0017437347,0.0004904324,0.3822117],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9789364,0.0025236157,0.00019546821,0.0150720095,0.0021648488,0.000051065366,0.000024657687,0.00008199465,0.00094993756],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9934192,0.0012984729,0.000833388,0.0015400827,0.0013249563,0.0015839367],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9945347,0.0009737303,0.00045873754,0.00051569304,0.0014763077,0.0020408807],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0015447023,0.00074166275,0.0009935572,0.0006746613,0.0010384134,0.00006632673,0.0021303834,0.004956257,0.0013666557],"category_scores_gemma":[0.009115277,0.0007300095,0.000512745,0.001586259,0.0017482076,0.0006740739,0.000080243255,0.035954285,0.00055066915],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00041204572,0.00004147775,0.003024282,0.00003697054,0.00010474633,0.000025102032,0.4367431,0.000015264997,0.00023018497,0.5396624,0.018712323,0.0009920814],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009036669,0.00074355124,0.0043867277,0.0005033671,0.00010406078,0.000007681704,0.8248266,0.00014922494,0.0013999739,0.009127727,0.15674065,0.0011067971],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.33672148,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.123173825,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.535694,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0069405586,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0052945907,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99954623},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400482705","doi":"10.55016/ojs/cpai.v3i1.69404","title":"Creating a User-Based Website to Support Academic Integrity at the University of Waterloo","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Perspectives on Academic Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Research integrity; Computer science; Data integrity; World Wide Web; Data science; Library science; Engineering; Database; Engineering ethics","score_opus":0.038226664944875116,"score_gpt":0.2941771333311913,"score_spread":0.2559504683863162,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400482705","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7119629,0.00028714907,0.00045573202,0.23262599,0.00035064056,0.0011190649,0.00073541334,0.00018397723,0.05227915],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97690535,0.0003146908,0.00030348042,0.015350901,0.00060794,0.000006079381,0.000028296727,0.000031491312,0.0064517693],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99570143,0.0010398836,0.0004707829,0.0008701239,0.0008282549,0.0010895028],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99641615,0.0008329053,0.0002561512,0.00036928133,0.000458982,0.0016665362],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0029591967,0.00038121172,0.0005203602,0.00028153264,0.0017286551,0.00003703118,0.0019417356,0.0023430716,0.0036411278],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004717222,0.0003395189,0.00028663254,0.0010065367,0.0013595184,0.00039986006,0.00016875064,0.016208608,0.0009472657],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006833499,0.000044924218,0.030171806,0.000055356784,0.00012628446,0.000069777394,0.5867517,0.00013444874,0.0016700635,0.17098583,0.20645659,0.0028498543],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006356304,0.00037369278,0.0056793694,0.0002368882,0.000095960815,0.0000059390673,0.35527235,0.0004668644,0.001938226,0.0009362704,0.6336305,0.0007282747],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.41529137,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.27747875,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.42717394,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0031451036,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0038060814,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999057},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400482710","doi":"10.55016/ojs/cpai.v2i1.68934","title":"Is this in my contract?: How part-time contract faculty face barriers to reporting academic integrity breaches","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Perspectives on Academic Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Business; Face (sociological concept); Contract management; Data breach; Breach of contract; Internet privacy; Accounting; Public relations; Actuarial science; Computer security; Computer science; Marketing; Psychology; Political science; Law; Sociology; Social psychology","score_opus":0.04906063163901164,"score_gpt":0.3416120834145958,"score_spread":0.29255145177558417,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400482710","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.78760797,0.00067658565,0.000031071373,0.13921376,0.0010424696,0.0020788778,0.0009403183,0.00024792016,0.06816102],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96709925,0.00053045934,0.0001381112,0.016537238,0.0009403171,0.000081093305,0.00005445292,0.00006953314,0.014549537],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99132043,0.0013001018,0.0016211937,0.0018737954,0.0013755907,0.0025088924],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99290246,0.0012315536,0.0012081001,0.0006809797,0.0006508822,0.0033260165],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.01115892,0.0008166435,0.0013246081,0.00093465706,0.0009867358,0.00022501372,0.0019334742,0.0062847557,0.006310173],"category_scores_gemma":[0.034947757,0.00081882335,0.00044669939,0.0012948969,0.0008402365,0.0015373091,0.000118319374,0.037059873,0.0017564241],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":true,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00033875598,0.000074113435,0.1767497,0.000045884673,0.00022911672,0.0001342747,0.56215525,0.000025176168,0.0016240237,0.09405302,0.15835033,0.0062203263],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012829346,0.0002254444,0.03148855,0.0010583978,0.000080638805,0.000048602462,0.39277422,0.00088754436,0.001515554,0.0034623249,0.5649978,0.0021779726],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.4802673,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.12756239,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.40664747,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0065980814,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.006695176,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99942625},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400482712","doi":"10.55016/ojs/cpai.v4i2.74227","title":"Scaffolding the Learning Opportunities: Academic Integrity at Douglas College","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Perspectives on Academic Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Douglas College","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Scaffold; Psychology; Research integrity; Mathematics education; Computer science; Engineering; Engineering ethics; Social psychology; Programming language","score_opus":0.08278009801447588,"score_gpt":0.3382667983771198,"score_spread":0.2554867003626439,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400482712","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.33943012,0.007834991,0.000099558325,0.2234063,0.003291714,0.0009793089,0.0005702675,0.00043703313,0.4239507],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9245822,0.011313411,0.00008717359,0.010108043,0.00271917,0.00006188769,0.000051941584,0.0000627733,0.05101343],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9922063,0.002842477,0.00074076885,0.0011343318,0.0012351121,0.0018410224],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99455804,0.0021803011,0.00033363135,0.0005533566,0.00090625725,0.0014684128],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0066641755,0.00056837284,0.0006168344,0.00046235407,0.0050576036,0.00014161988,0.0017783239,0.004347595,0.003765259],"category_scores_gemma":[0.011679813,0.0005015673,0.00038349227,0.0011816415,0.0020426607,0.00079272996,0.00025220957,0.039362922,0.0005389561],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":true,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000056925674,0.000022198092,0.0029913413,0.00001445584,0.00009524534,0.00016554327,0.082316,0.000017286644,0.00014603385,0.811706,0.10100568,0.0014633074],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00023599828,0.00003602464,0.0007197191,0.00020370823,0.000044785764,0.000064114196,0.37795565,0.00015742189,0.00031467187,0.0077283625,0.6120517,0.00048782147],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.17007093,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.20263411,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8039776,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.007616375,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.008614562,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997436},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400482714","doi":"10.55016/ojs/cpai.v4i2.74222","title":"Clues to Fostering a Program Culture of Academic Integrity: Findings from a Multidimensional Model","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Perspectives on Academic Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Psychology; Cognitive science; Engineering ethics; Engineering","score_opus":0.05673803079130072,"score_gpt":0.35941001893940344,"score_spread":0.3026719881481027,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400482714","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9177598,0.0025597294,0.00091553305,0.038947307,0.00085486006,0.0013894936,0.0014763287,0.00031033115,0.035786614],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9775061,0.0013498698,0.011575812,0.0059589897,0.0007213998,0.00009297288,0.00008116451,0.00004758812,0.0026660846],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.99532646,0.00059579866,0.00070181396,0.0011476235,0.0010178987,0.001210383],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9964551,0.0005071555,0.00018643719,0.00040213557,0.0010066649,0.0014425629],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0018285504,0.00047471237,0.00068292767,0.00047812832,0.000757965,0.00006506568,0.0010537598,0.0040329196,0.00047381906],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0070282896,0.0004780374,0.00030811035,0.0009879967,0.0006928911,0.00059475144,0.00025534403,0.020139202,0.00013569232],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00025336212,0.0001787041,0.0039583477,0.000039073308,0.00022857425,0.00008651121,0.49713495,0.00015415397,0.010866984,0.42672965,0.04696329,0.013406397],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015335116,0.00042434997,0.004680288,0.0026464514,0.00022563666,0.00004147633,0.65982044,0.009425947,0.017688846,0.085888535,0.21510866,0.0025158692],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.18799473,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.09863859,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3408411,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0024163497,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.004996301,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997671},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400482717","doi":"10.55016/ojs/cpai.v4i2.74170","title":"Moving the Spotlight from Plagiarism to Academic Integrity in Paraphrasing Instruction","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Perspectives on Academic Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Mount Royal University","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Academic dishonesty; Research integrity; Psychology; Mathematics education; Cheating; Engineering ethics; Engineering; Social psychology","score_opus":0.03052056251866167,"score_gpt":0.31748286873641707,"score_spread":0.2869623062177554,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400482717","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.84210503,0.0018831992,0.0002858618,0.11885341,0.0018328176,0.00065637944,0.0002322568,0.00014503059,0.034005996],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98324645,0.0018943067,0.00053900236,0.011238822,0.0019188041,0.0000515267,0.000033943496,0.00004426295,0.0010328584],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.99364644,0.0019192671,0.0007703172,0.0012400745,0.0009668208,0.0014571036],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99624723,0.0014175017,0.0002136902,0.0005555983,0.00047356333,0.0010924271],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0043672584,0.00047997042,0.00056094024,0.0007274765,0.0014711012,0.0001709993,0.0014945223,0.0048505617,0.0008379827],"category_scores_gemma":[0.010661155,0.00043842,0.00022412323,0.0019911854,0.0007876551,0.0008506102,0.00013571982,0.042429373,0.00033637474],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015650161,0.00005490449,0.03337517,0.0000110171195,0.000094797855,0.00017021921,0.32272607,0.00006267683,0.0009769499,0.60398114,0.021269696,0.017120881],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007435055,0.000049015835,0.06079924,0.00074987696,0.000058396028,0.000039333456,0.589352,0.00032663264,0.002082435,0.071721956,0.27293348,0.0011441363],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.62733114,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.5533739,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.53225917,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.005298953,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0048963544,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998289},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"methods","study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":true,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"methods","study_design":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre":"commentary","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W4400482721","doi":"10.55016/ojs/cpai.v1i1.43395","title":"Launching an Institutional Academic Integrity Campaign","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Perspectives on Academic Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Research integrity; Political science; Business; Public relations; Engineering ethics; Engineering","score_opus":0.05092638258941645,"score_gpt":0.3546960670525394,"score_spread":0.30376968446312297,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400482721","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.65716153,0.00090905785,0.0014808617,0.038814027,0.0030925735,0.000982585,0.00046344913,0.0005528186,0.2965431],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9800561,0.0007280605,0.0006697456,0.009398919,0.0066791265,0.000036673788,0.000048961043,0.000043819266,0.002338611],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9938002,0.0014207638,0.0006555411,0.0012416359,0.0011494602,0.0017323772],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99566334,0.00051010336,0.00023816817,0.0005255195,0.0009304078,0.0021324493],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.006416583,0.00053900934,0.00050720124,0.0008374945,0.003607555,0.00014129197,0.0020411005,0.0050643864,0.0025007455],"category_scores_gemma":[0.007596977,0.00054078817,0.00021824065,0.0010094572,0.0038419808,0.0019545744,0.0000869183,0.033657525,0.0012316491],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":true,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000082363025,0.00004179559,0.005592507,0.0000062674835,0.000041717474,0.000021308335,0.10204396,0.0000028100299,0.00012491978,0.8685218,0.0195483,0.0039722417],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00065833994,0.00039494422,0.011771592,0.00040283386,0.00006576074,0.000059797392,0.23684251,0.0006604817,0.00045729737,0.08508511,0.6620757,0.001525612],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.4514988,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.32466435,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7834367,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.005424836,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.008331068,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99970436},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400482730","doi":"10.55016/ojs/cpai.v5i2.76959","title":"From the History of Contract Cheating to the New Challenges of Artificial Intelligence: The Changing Landscape of Academic Integrity","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Perspectives on Academic Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Academic integrity; Business; Computer science; Engineering ethics; Artificial intelligence; Psychology; Engineering; Social psychology","score_opus":0.07485073162746717,"score_gpt":0.3328561691519013,"score_spread":0.25800543752443417,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400482730","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.45569432,0.02354309,0.00063496997,0.48455095,0.004062615,0.00210768,0.000697869,0.00015126132,0.028557254],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99113643,0.004355285,0.000048117876,0.001594823,0.0020398654,0.000025278483,0.000008256742,0.000022702432,0.0007692374],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9959257,0.00109618,0.00080294145,0.0004951897,0.00086005003,0.0008199377],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.994002,0.004219214,0.00049827126,0.0005041512,0.00041362166,0.0003627459],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.008491937,0.00028522464,0.00051692163,0.00040870867,0.0005249347,0.000015533407,0.0022596745,0.001519942,0.00040897337],"category_scores_gemma":[0.010706071,0.00017411025,0.00025643615,0.0011615617,0.001341068,0.00020636116,0.00012852334,0.01195864,0.000060058675],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000672074,0.0000120220475,0.0004816359,0.000011268134,0.00007339841,0.0000013816195,0.55770016,0.00003997483,0.00027709332,0.38925678,0.028797617,0.023281444],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008738981,0.000084615574,0.004323266,0.00047323643,0.00007146205,0.0000017775191,0.8956561,0.0009875938,0.0010185807,0.03347135,0.06354134,0.00028329433],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.42175958,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.16900316,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5354421,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001257133,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0038716788,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997763},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400482731","doi":"10.55016/ojs/cpai.v6i1.76899","title":"Quizzing Students about their Writing: Implications for Deterring and Detecting Contract Cheating, and Promoting Academic Integrity and Greater Engagement","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Perspectives on Academic Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Cheating; Psychology; Mathematics education; Social psychology","score_opus":0.07831509208071864,"score_gpt":0.38012451850568163,"score_spread":0.301809426424963,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400482731","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98010033,0.0009714545,0.00017372792,0.015415895,0.00017241278,0.0013131383,0.00016312744,0.00021751739,0.0014724075],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99534297,0.0022015702,0.00036759523,0.0010931791,0.0006056981,0.00018117024,0.000012302217,0.000041769476,0.00015373946],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99645567,0.00056094956,0.0005549402,0.0009571505,0.00031267587,0.0011586263],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99676204,0.0017760299,0.00024237155,0.00018817643,0.00025534088,0.00077602523],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.007885064,0.00038368453,0.00044326327,0.00049314,0.002841702,0.00025982244,0.000527669,0.0015667044,0.000018035616],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0063704755,0.00037377837,0.00008502801,0.00040496234,0.0006536668,0.00058476476,0.00017477648,0.011427248,0.00000540164],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000048113492,0.000017737311,0.5065017,0.00012914397,0.00013431467,0.0000057596612,0.35640153,0.0000015081963,0.002031909,0.083360665,0.0003870117,0.05098065],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011375771,0.00019813125,0.5709628,0.0013667562,0.0001146909,0.00004551089,0.39451912,0.0028356267,0.0007421879,0.018846113,0.008127734,0.0011037838],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.05432396,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.025125615,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.064514555,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009601767,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00047813207,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99987143},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400482738","doi":"10.55016/ojs/cpai.v6i1.76948","title":"Are University Students Armed with the Necessary Skill Level to Prevent Plagiarism?","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Perspectives on Academic Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec en Outaouais","funders":"","keywords":"Mathematics education; Psychology; Medical education; Medicine","score_opus":0.04125645674548666,"score_gpt":0.32116264970477065,"score_spread":0.279906192959284,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400482738","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.77422583,0.00010735852,0.00011745622,0.18596004,0.0004617514,0.001153406,0.00052578654,0.0002573838,0.037191],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9662625,0.0003804091,0.000044438733,0.0066535184,0.0004944548,0.000017013987,0.000012696441,0.000026668778,0.026108252],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.99617225,0.0008410681,0.00019372848,0.0006878094,0.0010443177,0.0010608122],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99752903,0.00060440804,0.00017538581,0.00034929192,0.00033024733,0.0010116127],"candidate_categories":["sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0029456473,0.0002962243,0.00030011372,0.00053495995,0.0018283813,0.0000872347,0.0019928333,0.0015004792,0.00027272108],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001615828,0.00023345235,0.000113152586,0.0017060109,0.00069993996,0.00035423128,0.00012713102,0.009384802,0.0007297806],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00019869939,0.000095395626,0.020897625,0.00001237461,0.00019612785,0.00025877476,0.2632864,0.00009780616,0.000017664692,0.16360378,0.55003977,0.0012955792],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002572302,0.00006448568,0.070415996,0.00014100401,0.00003503454,0.0000039119122,0.5935928,0.000017295817,0.000034735956,0.0011347443,0.3339183,0.0003844051],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.22909816,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.45713142,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.33030644,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0028326123,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0016332217,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997958},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":true,"confidence":"high"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"methods","study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":true,"confidence":"high"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W4400482741","doi":"10.55016/ojs/cpai.v6i1.76905","title":"Coordinating for Academic Integrity at the Program Level","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Perspectives on Academic Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Computer science; Library science","score_opus":0.11099143075142212,"score_gpt":0.3964862108797905,"score_spread":0.2854947801283684,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400482741","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.40723842,0.0020305482,0.0004650021,0.439529,0.0037193156,0.007254997,0.0027059205,0.0018753092,0.13518149],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.95267045,0.0017033435,0.00041370202,0.0062337583,0.0026996448,0.0008029232,0.00013233023,0.000082965424,0.03526086],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9945398,0.00088582066,0.0006199662,0.001028973,0.0008973943,0.0020280282],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9949025,0.0027311367,0.00027585658,0.00045221267,0.00065981725,0.0009785026],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.008945554,0.0004735437,0.00047862966,0.0005792933,0.0039839786,0.00011923538,0.0019341417,0.0038567993,0.0005530129],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01578094,0.00038655437,0.00037021868,0.0016455549,0.0018078021,0.0005226982,0.00016034216,0.02322895,0.00083544495],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008068279,0.00002472538,0.0022541895,0.000023776425,0.00007508673,0.000012886945,0.06705898,0.000008954044,0.0000926113,0.55922556,0.3430074,0.028135136],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00044658795,0.00013645862,0.0043248446,0.00017976947,0.000050336264,0.000013786132,0.18182388,0.00090168964,0.0002452085,0.029458748,0.7817638,0.0006548685],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.20763059,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.25095847,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.54543203,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0048873536,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0032141344,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99994254},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400482745","doi":"10.55016/ojs/cpai.v5i2.73748","title":"Academic Integrity and Student Mental Well-Being: A Rapid Review","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Canadian Perspectives on Academic Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Psychology; Engineering ethics; Social psychology; Engineering","score_opus":0.08275510638096632,"score_gpt":0.41058884856333855,"score_spread":0.3278337421823722,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400482745","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000028982162,0.9168026,0.0000030991105,0.019993598,0.001718884,0.0037896498,0.00062517915,0.0003738818,0.05666413],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00009536501,0.9835228,0.000037772374,0.005829352,0.00236515,0.00036891946,0.00020355321,0.0001784617,0.0073986724],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9880768,0.0036707558,0.0019160658,0.0023073666,0.0017202905,0.0023087098],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99341345,0.0019477748,0.00093339366,0.00079656974,0.00041712943,0.0024917058],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.011178066,0.0015012852,0.0035757974,0.0014870435,0.0018298255,0.0001708108,0.003185238,0.010486261,0.0014964027],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0070127547,0.0013626822,0.0010863196,0.002015089,0.0019811722,0.0006670983,0.00037082506,0.077255875,0.0022608584],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":true,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000017699787,0.000054865075,0.00006450345,0.010289012,0.0006757566,0.00012543249,0.047458876,3.078292e-8,1.7801703e-7,0.35117915,0.27759582,0.31253868],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001633298,0.00007493242,0.000020101572,0.06274453,0.0007526037,0.000060420913,0.027782345,0.0000021344783,2.914637e-7,0.0031208522,0.90404993,0.0012285367],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.12697135,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.043265138,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6264541,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.008497695,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.009625496,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997736},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400482748","doi":"10.55016/ojs/cpai.v6i1.76882","title":"A Rapid Scoping Review on Academic Integrity and Algorithmic Writing Technologies","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Perspectives on Academic Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Computer science; Engineering ethics; Data science; Engineering","score_opus":0.0629576065305041,"score_gpt":0.36789155457062495,"score_spread":0.30493394804012086,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400482748","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.12723522,0.16962074,0.00013305854,0.5726602,0.0023332047,0.0072680493,0.00073665666,0.004857764,0.11515512],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.52478397,0.46097815,0.0002665137,0.011220136,0.0011240076,0.00024561497,0.000039228606,0.00007549976,0.0012668583],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.99422514,0.0009920112,0.0008116224,0.0012970024,0.00093056634,0.0017436581],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9964013,0.0016809626,0.00030537724,0.00047722718,0.0003583482,0.00077678415],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.007958148,0.00057427294,0.00082217134,0.0012078527,0.0017668578,0.00009991436,0.0014106293,0.004180726,0.00032142765],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01699254,0.0005603144,0.00021775388,0.0020037692,0.0016913726,0.0006749617,0.00016903064,0.034677584,0.0006033517],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000071434435,0.000038496015,0.0018144494,0.0013290321,0.00012279986,0.00014693149,0.04264786,0.0000024327267,0.00012776657,0.6989103,0.09733755,0.15745093],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012693001,0.00056292815,0.0033543063,0.14222969,0.00021482314,0.000114759336,0.5962114,0.00070515793,0.0007930216,0.067469455,0.18349226,0.0035829272],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.060665786,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.022670923,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6314409,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0022106648,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0029837787,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996848},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400482750","doi":"10.55016/ojs/cpai.v6i1.76917","title":"Academic Integrity in Canada: An Enduring and Essential Challenge","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Perspectives on Academic Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary; Yorkville University","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Political science; Engineering ethics; Environmental ethics; Engineering; Philosophy","score_opus":0.04105693096597994,"score_gpt":0.3217692203451567,"score_spread":0.28071228937917675,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400482750","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.92177135,0.0010855969,0.000012626446,0.04871635,0.0009513901,0.00058027665,0.00022973365,0.00019472062,0.026457943],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9893368,0.006798851,0.000028169969,0.0019704234,0.0010651576,0.0000434157,0.000029006547,0.00003874368,0.00068945845],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.99494624,0.00095637445,0.0005609973,0.0010403454,0.00082547666,0.0016705577],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9972615,0.00060822157,0.000146181,0.00031616847,0.00019590219,0.0014719816],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0039107995,0.00041280896,0.00050343893,0.00093086396,0.00089269056,0.00005866755,0.0010779117,0.0026797953,0.0003671029],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0030263516,0.00044885743,0.00008140783,0.0011446741,0.00068755465,0.0008923547,0.00009835233,0.026002064,0.000100458936],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":true,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009369509,0.000034717545,0.03770218,0.00004041108,0.00005257865,0.00028039262,0.17917125,0.00002336601,0.00012301309,0.7570309,0.016940266,0.008507242],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008964522,0.000117033764,0.10800957,0.00048320353,0.000037231486,0.00002504602,0.7618541,0.0017494734,0.00019092455,0.037078243,0.08803189,0.0015268507],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9978358,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9993415,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.71995264,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.008572824,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.014113232,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99979633},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400482751","doi":"10.55016/ojs/cpai.v4i2.74230","title":"Applied Authentic Assessment in Engineering Technology Courses for Academic Integrity","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Perspectives on Academic Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"SAIT Polytechnic","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Engineering ethics; Engineering; Structural integrity; Research integrity; Engineering management; Computer science","score_opus":0.02517110391105338,"score_gpt":0.3360429306650447,"score_spread":0.31087182675399133,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400482751","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6164377,0.005512896,0.008212942,0.2590259,0.0039846655,0.004016284,0.0008505414,0.0009206158,0.101038516],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9927638,0.0012179055,0.0018708993,0.00182298,0.0007260722,0.00024306748,0.00003802412,0.00004654785,0.0012706779],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.99603057,0.00029216186,0.00062570046,0.0010110656,0.0005516425,0.0014888452],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.997405,0.00090376305,0.000172223,0.0003696225,0.00048122898,0.0006681832],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0032878108,0.00042063018,0.00060899515,0.0011591093,0.000620075,0.00006626082,0.0010631065,0.0047207545,0.00035454158],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0060196626,0.00046995803,0.00018544709,0.0014320752,0.00063484866,0.00034178747,0.000076815544,0.027540974,0.0000626612],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":true,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000027211952,0.000046382367,0.0040369867,0.00003378667,0.000048589405,0.000037530055,0.018563991,0.000030950312,0.0007179404,0.97048914,0.003948353,0.0020191637],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0019250872,0.00014815127,0.009253817,0.0009802933,0.00012552566,0.000059083544,0.5175774,0.0026415081,0.0031313193,0.14338769,0.31879637,0.0019737533],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.042416956,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.08697614,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8271014,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0052492223,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0072370046,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99977523},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400482752","doi":"10.55016/ojs/cpai.v6i1.76921","title":"So it Happened… What Now?","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Perspectives on Academic Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"History; Computer science","score_opus":0.0409788105937908,"score_gpt":0.3380341513165658,"score_spread":0.29705534072277495,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400482752","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.10069581,0.001974267,0.00006189054,0.5405753,0.0032504355,0.000890024,0.00020918483,0.0007487104,0.35159436],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9173999,0.021542912,0.00008073829,0.02304845,0.002114559,0.000054031276,0.00004864501,0.000053224754,0.035657573],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9960662,0.0005725894,0.00036290026,0.000764525,0.00077581126,0.001457943],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9973693,0.000638433,0.000113202084,0.00034686428,0.00032366248,0.0012085408],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0037318056,0.00031905802,0.0003432684,0.0007865116,0.001900083,0.00033668362,0.00119243,0.002708152,0.0021381022],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0030437615,0.00033037682,0.00020232047,0.0013898413,0.0011957149,0.0014777767,0.000060590333,0.010975463,0.0077068787],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000021043572,0.00001177856,0.0006378064,0.0000058942683,0.000037260157,0.000046615096,0.10365766,0.000006504424,0.00003650773,0.53029996,0.3599013,0.005337676],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00013006166,0.0000289271,0.0010183738,0.00013338226,0.000011929013,0.000003819383,0.30482355,0.00010618916,0.00006075761,0.013778153,0.6795756,0.00032923784],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.26667717,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.40517798,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.81670403,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0024801462,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003567161,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999148},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400482754","doi":"10.55016/ojs/cpai.v4i2.74231","title":"Integrating Academic Integrity into Future Professions","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Perspectives on Academic Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Georgian College","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Research integrity; Engineering ethics; Computer science; Psychology; Engineering","score_opus":0.03150691308151877,"score_gpt":0.34981331647311104,"score_spread":0.3183064033915923,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400482754","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.24711561,0.009756094,0.00076413946,0.42367843,0.007327312,0.0015512255,0.0004327984,0.0007885138,0.30858588],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96052676,0.0060681556,0.0022526304,0.01316669,0.006497568,0.00010182085,0.00010099142,0.000083227394,0.01120213],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.99214494,0.0023589865,0.0009019624,0.0014889184,0.0012129571,0.00189224],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99451196,0.0010290996,0.00033355915,0.0006845297,0.001413426,0.0020274357],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.004742533,0.00068422843,0.0007545713,0.0006954002,0.0031634225,0.00015566214,0.0018071004,0.0072882897,0.0026483939],"category_scores_gemma":[0.013984878,0.0006587177,0.0004108095,0.0018351357,0.0013391614,0.0011487189,0.00017960157,0.061056484,0.0006478378],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":true,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000037390324,0.00004618005,0.0033038575,0.000022136861,0.000064710024,0.00008738644,0.14322437,0.0000011693727,0.00059909734,0.78878474,0.05633506,0.007493891],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00026219577,0.00004832509,0.0015874059,0.00048820264,0.000046021374,0.00003269104,0.5368061,0.00007695065,0.000799989,0.03995386,0.41913927,0.00075897464],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.24675237,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.374712,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7488309,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.005617522,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01344764,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995864},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400482757","doi":"10.55016/ojs/cpai.v4i1.72851","title":"An aggie's approach to restorative academic integrity practices","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Perspectives on Academic Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Restorative justice; Psychology; Engineering ethics; Criminology; Engineering","score_opus":0.08203820528050869,"score_gpt":0.39235398065477706,"score_spread":0.31031577537426835,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400482757","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.2784714,0.0029153149,0.0016518527,0.13894919,0.002039755,0.0017447154,0.0006644976,0.00056103023,0.5730022],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97071147,0.0019480463,0.0034087764,0.015142214,0.0028595817,0.00011643988,0.0000967607,0.0000683841,0.005648315],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.99103045,0.0033280656,0.0007171626,0.0018339555,0.0013177387,0.0017725953],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9930899,0.0010315025,0.0005592632,0.00082585396,0.0015072878,0.0029861575],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.006400587,0.0006133679,0.0006996419,0.0007563267,0.0018911884,0.00025806352,0.0021615934,0.0051657045,0.0007565829],"category_scores_gemma":[0.027100682,0.00063850655,0.00024139772,0.0019188474,0.0010674566,0.002189916,0.00011414669,0.038891263,0.00062144076],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":true,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011573694,0.0001495608,0.0026828037,0.000015478203,0.00007966294,0.00006185217,0.18028124,0.000022179767,0.00052424305,0.75998145,0.053863738,0.002222065],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00032891726,0.00017032583,0.0030405803,0.00019281125,0.000065023094,0.000056142195,0.53838176,0.00023665639,0.00072262116,0.016120242,0.4396391,0.0010458321],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.35044235,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.20902792,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7438612,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.005212832,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.011394519,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996066},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400482762","doi":"10.55016/ojs/cpai.v4i1.70974","title":"Punished but not prepared: An exploration of novice writers' experiences of plagiarism at university","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Perspectives on Academic Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina; University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Psychology; Computer science","score_opus":0.04533344710183668,"score_gpt":0.309886515686752,"score_spread":0.26455306858491534,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400482762","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9504099,0.00022837323,0.00019231987,0.0047278637,0.0003799791,0.00026627953,0.0002674276,0.00004851748,0.04347933],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9955099,0.0006409565,0.0003193086,0.0005716258,0.00021736199,0.0000054193947,0.00003960866,0.000012752814,0.0026830456],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9968193,0.0009850205,0.00040306663,0.00062164495,0.0006439322,0.000527047],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9974956,0.0004001909,0.00029220924,0.00033631752,0.00088206545,0.0005936486],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0015406479,0.00021917016,0.0003971999,0.00034499317,0.0006469211,0.000024260053,0.00077950367,0.0019594266,0.0010141697],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0020283859,0.00024968124,0.00014808291,0.0006809782,0.0011822828,0.0017845724,0.00007076361,0.0037210602,0.000022133632],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016936114,0.00007256785,0.0005914967,0.000017962111,0.000042265805,0.000031008793,0.7144344,0.000009837231,0.0028193553,0.27951017,0.001867237,0.00043436777],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00026482242,0.00010269414,0.00054276886,0.000090945054,0.000028948867,0.0000048481857,0.9567859,0.00010216278,0.019848034,0.0015527174,0.020397568,0.0002785461],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.2255091,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.21598251,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.27795747,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0017798073,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003077546,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999955},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"qualitative","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":true,"confidence":"high"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":true,"confidence":"high"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W4400482766","doi":"10.55016/ojs/cpai.v6i1.76504","title":"Did the Student Engage in Academic Dishonesty on their Exam? Yes, No, and Shades of Grey in Decision Making","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Perspectives on Academic Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta; University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Academic dishonesty; Psychology; Making-of; Mathematics education; Medical education; Social psychology; Cheating; Management; Medicine; Economics","score_opus":0.047473432242160905,"score_gpt":0.3661299872196753,"score_spread":0.31865655497751444,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400482766","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97530675,0.0012007488,0.0000059875306,0.008968877,0.00041662794,0.00069635495,0.00010922874,0.000054153512,0.013241291],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9915678,0.0063100527,0.000020516649,0.0014025541,0.0003402892,0.00004235608,0.000005300117,0.000023529563,0.00028763825],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9959878,0.0012097688,0.00057729136,0.0006726138,0.00066387764,0.00088869274],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99552184,0.0035786857,0.00017422739,0.00028264182,0.00013993848,0.00030263647],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.007760913,0.0003050741,0.00043853853,0.00087553426,0.00053470384,0.0000463695,0.0011248953,0.0018387521,0.00011859903],"category_scores_gemma":[0.008123876,0.00023125466,0.00009820055,0.0013325361,0.00084604806,0.0003565149,0.00011641094,0.015167308,0.00008246342],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00023864809,0.000069439324,0.20148562,0.000031250733,0.000037866877,0.000072574934,0.47220036,0.00007216679,0.0001768143,0.29124576,0.0070000067,0.027369482],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00046451393,0.000100794525,0.59848595,0.001285994,0.000010347653,0.0000045586626,0.35601956,0.00032364548,0.00007289333,0.026253158,0.016553035,0.00042555766],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.11058136,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.271832,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.39700034,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0016810074,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00080210035,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99945706},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400482784","doi":"10.55016/ojs/cpai.v5i2.75649","title":"Cheating: It depends how you define it","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Perspectives on Academic Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Durham College","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Information technology; Computer science; Psychology; Social psychology","score_opus":0.0571260874846967,"score_gpt":0.33899748069710745,"score_spread":0.2818713932124107,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400482784","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.07892454,0.00040982754,0.00006265146,0.50674605,0.0010661326,0.00050197606,0.0002764016,0.0004498406,0.41156256],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.94645417,0.001910287,0.00012706553,0.010626954,0.0016749979,0.000046249217,0.00005225172,0.0000439505,0.039064083],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.995836,0.0005768295,0.0003445221,0.00083382695,0.00085985893,0.0015489134],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9972207,0.00068012276,0.00014523717,0.0003572634,0.00037337776,0.0012233014],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00410467,0.0003677688,0.00039916072,0.0007954232,0.0015391677,0.00014401438,0.0011787981,0.0028619803,0.0015362377],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0089831585,0.0003785158,0.00021747302,0.0015991736,0.0007788111,0.0005758885,0.00006617197,0.012165581,0.0017176592],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000023573099,0.000014837746,0.0022606275,0.000009985442,0.00004588767,0.000054245742,0.09400711,0.0000050580134,0.000083705905,0.46855238,0.4320419,0.0029006763],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00023188014,0.000052905343,0.0019784805,0.000118448435,0.000022543165,0.000008660279,0.2981137,0.00018273378,0.00011967475,0.008428559,0.6902623,0.0004800665],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.2817299,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.31653726,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.86752963,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0026729868,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0026738306,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99986666},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400482785","doi":"10.55016/ojs/cpai.v6i1.76901","title":"Academic Integrity Policy Analysis of Alberta and Manitoba Colleges","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Perspectives on Academic Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba; Assiniboine Community College; Red River College; University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Research integrity; Political science; Public administration; Engineering ethics; Engineering; Public relations","score_opus":0.03541694004209835,"score_gpt":0.3395192714366516,"score_spread":0.3041023313945533,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400482785","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.82437176,0.0008555926,0.000025346968,0.09393491,0.00043710513,0.0006493426,0.00070096506,0.00018966313,0.07883532],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9843884,0.007190993,0.00005351968,0.0022555343,0.00075703464,0.000031915144,0.00005575575,0.000031126398,0.0052357246],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.99550515,0.0008678996,0.00067253225,0.000892394,0.0007994138,0.0012626331],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9958182,0.0018868379,0.0002887817,0.00039709773,0.0004537224,0.0011553793],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.003882154,0.00040950908,0.0008296618,0.0037582263,0.0009472183,0.000052254407,0.00115001,0.0035944988,0.00042327426],"category_scores_gemma":[0.010830632,0.00041246403,0.00033217744,0.006439518,0.0017316901,0.00050802814,0.00011579755,0.0149313295,0.00017455246],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000054811437,0.00001913637,0.03613169,0.000018983023,0.00055913086,0.000013132104,0.09535412,0.000015182449,0.000084437306,0.84148395,0.024354378,0.0019110566],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006230381,0.00015567688,0.1611482,0.0002925552,0.0008860133,0.000010307404,0.59457207,0.0017844993,0.00026968375,0.041333456,0.19765136,0.0012731695],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.89587885,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.8119537,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8001505,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0023528296,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0036840441,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99983275},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400482786","doi":"10.55016/ojs/cpai.v4i1.72845","title":"You've got this! The fundamental values of academic integrity","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Perspectives on Academic Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Red River College","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Engineering ethics; Epistemology; Psychology; Political science; Philosophy; Engineering","score_opus":0.03969932670074498,"score_gpt":0.33508614149305693,"score_spread":0.29538681479231194,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400482786","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.4903344,0.009582995,0.00011269473,0.13656764,0.002701882,0.0010960264,0.00093655585,0.00022220341,0.3584456],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9741081,0.0051272423,0.00019312542,0.006476738,0.0015311992,0.000032797037,0.00003531677,0.00004052906,0.012454922],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9937473,0.0019235716,0.0007927823,0.0009693704,0.0012300974,0.0013368563],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9958162,0.0013607737,0.0003623604,0.00061616296,0.0009026783,0.0009418814],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["sts","research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0053889337,0.00047536462,0.0006335859,0.0003652854,0.0015942686,0.00008852068,0.0019243023,0.0037784253,0.0035970649],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0089907795,0.0003984861,0.00042113112,0.0011498431,0.002768837,0.0006576139,0.00015706118,0.0317372,0.0003551144],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006983032,0.00006173964,0.0068874,0.000020710502,0.00014143928,0.000037125115,0.15916388,0.0000031670386,0.0005348505,0.75540435,0.07484955,0.00282593],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005147312,0.00011810862,0.006502869,0.0004153364,0.0001235381,0.00005498194,0.61926824,0.00011495493,0.0034537187,0.058521476,0.31007937,0.0008326564],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.26053002,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.09645906,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6968829,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003315608,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.007179605,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99994504},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400482789","doi":"10.55016/ojs/cpai.v4i1.72848","title":"Nursing student knowledge of plagiarism and its relationship to writing apprehension and writing self-efficacy","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Perspectives on Academic Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Red River College","funders":"","keywords":"Apprehension; Psychology; Self-efficacy; Communication apprehension; Nursing; Medical education; Pedagogy; Medicine; Social psychology; Anxiety","score_opus":0.045797995634867396,"score_gpt":0.36985548880929525,"score_spread":0.32405749317442784,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400482789","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.939324,0.0063553597,0.000069359354,0.013933709,0.00022769523,0.000411953,0.000042058196,0.000071901435,0.03956396],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99693143,0.0009929655,0.000632292,0.00061150745,0.00044547982,0.000008541383,0.0000055519326,0.0000197738,0.00035243333],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9972305,0.00074541837,0.00043871783,0.0006322614,0.0003432045,0.00060986454],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9968153,0.0015383038,0.00012503777,0.00015393816,0.00056026544,0.00080713065],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0023733492,0.00022353286,0.0003393005,0.00037671337,0.0010715096,0.00007638225,0.00027027514,0.0015731596,0.00005691456],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0041667507,0.00025430182,0.00006614151,0.00059529964,0.0003091286,0.0003334953,0.000068324436,0.0065720156,0.000022021168],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014510701,0.00008975379,0.011167743,0.000031208685,0.00003180119,0.000012676615,0.3172654,0.0000034985135,0.00033337032,0.6645351,0.0009621454,0.0055527743],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006741801,0.00010158255,0.21321496,0.001957295,0.00009711772,0.000051586074,0.76368743,0.00042164573,0.00065085967,0.0076517616,0.010803102,0.00068850943],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009471368,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009889966,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.65688336,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0011793383,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0013194379,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99999094},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"}],"label_agreement":"agree"},{"id":"W4400482792","doi":"10.55016/ojs/cpai.v5i1.75015","title":"Where there's smoke: The library's role in bibliographic analysis of academic misconduct","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Perspectives on Academic Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Assiniboine Community College","funders":"","keywords":"Misconduct; Academic library; Smoke; Political science; Library science; Computer science; Law; Geography; Meteorology","score_opus":0.02736664402970878,"score_gpt":0.3032791585444949,"score_spread":0.2759125145147861,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400482792","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.84436876,0.01443606,0.0000035338394,0.058323216,0.00035839836,0.00062257505,0.0006957502,0.000081161765,0.08111057],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9853758,0.009562336,0.000016631442,0.003096872,0.00025274907,0.00008524525,0.000030019035,0.000028962288,0.0015513519],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.99465436,0.0021232732,0.0006108327,0.0006946137,0.0009557234,0.00096122705],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9976989,0.00093265873,0.00030911743,0.0004639264,0.00012015826,0.00047526488],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0040275306,0.00030241028,0.00055928325,0.0063135573,0.0012635078,0.000052189615,0.0024020611,0.0014336089,0.006561071],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00089287,0.00026101002,0.00044177036,0.016293889,0.0011458088,0.0006840195,0.00015191818,0.021315796,0.000017638591],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016241497,0.000064814696,0.18114536,0.000010266185,0.00061049877,0.000023637682,0.15281948,0.0003977605,0.00009494085,0.6323032,0.03060072,0.0017669383],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00034099928,0.000097312804,0.08405456,0.000069019115,0.00030457388,0.0000040960294,0.5985744,0.00051775924,0.00006643094,0.019756285,0.2956864,0.00052815536],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.55859935,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.3045364,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6125469,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0010716813,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0024079783,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999842},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400482795","doi":"10.55016/ojs/cpai.v6i1.76577","title":"Practitioner's Approach to Academic Integrity through the Lens of Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Perspectives on Academic Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta; University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Equity (law); Inclusion (mineral); Diversity (politics); Academic integrity; Through-the-lens metering; Lens (geology); Psychology; Political science; Social psychology; Optics; Law; Physics","score_opus":0.09928065639629577,"score_gpt":0.3670065391592573,"score_spread":0.2677258827629615,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400482795","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.3824847,0.0010924448,0.0008374021,0.22991176,0.0010070459,0.0019327913,0.00057885074,0.00035203493,0.38180295],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9867748,0.0038870974,0.00020637574,0.007103177,0.00066741754,0.000031574877,0.000022339558,0.000023918088,0.001283327],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9954377,0.00096589676,0.00045879575,0.00078459294,0.0013087082,0.0010443042],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99719244,0.0011080347,0.00023724009,0.00037102733,0.00044874998,0.0006424835],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.006660507,0.00033580582,0.0004360442,0.00055071193,0.009115237,0.00004081662,0.0019838724,0.0025017485,0.000110818066],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006344396,0.00027858972,0.00015604387,0.0016941282,0.0015733076,0.00097190787,0.006923768,0.016885035,0.00010836307],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004098715,0.00002244219,0.0012231853,0.00001649309,0.000035105648,0.0000032311004,0.34475285,0.000019541663,0.000073794195,0.6244822,0.028450018,0.00088013674],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00046673976,0.00016827325,0.012891,0.00031611256,0.00010028976,0.000017490911,0.49716938,0.00038219613,0.00019787057,0.264072,0.22340736,0.000811273],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.45952463,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.05378484,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.60429007,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001805347,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0014482075,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999666},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400482796","doi":"10.55016/ojs/cpai.v6i1.76931","title":"It Takes a Village","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Perspectives on Academic Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary; NorQuest College","funders":"","keywords":"Geography; Computer science","score_opus":0.04349498198648784,"score_gpt":0.3385096055275277,"score_spread":0.29501462354103986,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400482796","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.054798793,0.0003787154,0.000045717698,0.20628127,0.0011010339,0.0004988329,0.00023230766,0.0005439296,0.7361194],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9618946,0.0017834966,0.00007481313,0.012836134,0.00152918,0.000038518083,0.00002635515,0.000034512665,0.021782402],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99659055,0.0005222411,0.00030737658,0.00063181156,0.0006858826,0.0012621073],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977161,0.00060051325,0.00009180798,0.00028525342,0.00027281328,0.0010335007],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0033784034,0.00026516695,0.0002892525,0.0007732777,0.0013330737,0.000082357794,0.0009825637,0.002274436,0.0020495427],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0056361803,0.0002695779,0.00017096105,0.0014091843,0.0008032942,0.00043630216,0.000028214394,0.00918529,0.004276804],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014653455,0.000007940692,0.00071361626,0.000004363424,0.000023541506,0.000044883625,0.12586908,0.000003825196,0.000046610163,0.54615027,0.32560974,0.0015114519],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00012569015,0.000029860603,0.0015858489,0.00006641732,0.000010027205,0.0000037586465,0.26691726,0.00008843416,0.000053159176,0.009293514,0.72151405,0.00031197857],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.30586722,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.2977994,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9070958,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0020258997,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0023576738,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999756},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400482797","doi":"10.55016/ojs/cpai.v4i1.72822","title":"Academic integrity at ICM: Successes, challenges and opportunities","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Perspectives on Academic Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Engineering ethics; Research integrity; Political science; Engineering","score_opus":0.10068869688111311,"score_gpt":0.3350384743737042,"score_spread":0.23434977749259112,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400482797","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.19998677,0.09029936,0.000027697148,0.34468535,0.0013138872,0.00056940765,0.00044570808,0.00030623857,0.36236557],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.742571,0.23450255,0.00010836858,0.0075747888,0.0012541846,0.000037230846,0.00004290054,0.000044372868,0.013864584],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9944176,0.0014604691,0.00058127823,0.0012217517,0.0008708154,0.0014480593],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9956398,0.0011112076,0.00022054081,0.00045356603,0.0007582399,0.0018166461],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.003675953,0.0005300871,0.0006439899,0.00050958194,0.0016408885,0.00009842089,0.000982809,0.0046294415,0.0015487053],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005568317,0.00055515673,0.00019004484,0.00037485693,0.0019232965,0.0009442864,0.00020618812,0.022758948,0.00019457257],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000041078252,0.00002414902,0.00087321986,0.000035806595,0.000065048065,0.00014956463,0.076344,3.646111e-7,0.00007340539,0.89041007,0.019207442,0.012775878],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00029672045,0.000053038595,0.0028822897,0.00027749597,0.00004935029,0.00009171875,0.25468376,0.000023621793,0.0003835479,0.032015007,0.7085488,0.000694666],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1702263,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.40738937,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.85839504,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0034985987,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0054005515,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99969},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400482799","doi":"10.55016/ojs/cpai.v6i1.76897","title":"It's Not Robotic: Barriers to Navigating Academic Integrity &amp; the Role of Emotions","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Perspectives on Academic Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Conestoga College","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Psychology; Structural integrity; Engineering ethics; Cognitive science; Social psychology; Engineering","score_opus":0.04067528203526819,"score_gpt":0.34942538724000033,"score_spread":0.3087501052047321,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400482799","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.47531202,0.00049920013,0.0002967972,0.44893178,0.0016390121,0.0017047382,0.0007065417,0.0004658453,0.07044406],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9830647,0.0009898929,0.00024848594,0.012078679,0.0010374301,0.00007078682,0.000030145002,0.000046226683,0.0024336486],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9944342,0.0012490929,0.0007739634,0.0008657566,0.0011170249,0.0015599966],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9948156,0.0016544694,0.00027907593,0.00057167665,0.0006318486,0.0020473162],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0069911266,0.0004313755,0.00054626,0.00058213103,0.002357814,0.00007545323,0.0021930686,0.0029346575,0.0010080494],"category_scores_gemma":[0.025572319,0.00037424426,0.00031011278,0.002540086,0.0015958784,0.0005090123,0.0001600139,0.02987878,0.0010709101],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006677762,0.000014612394,0.0044589215,0.0000139405265,0.00008857139,0.0000064304154,0.3806607,0.00027373107,0.0010161082,0.5396134,0.06863593,0.0051508197],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00018873153,0.00006330691,0.005049672,0.00049511,0.00005758136,0.00000849087,0.61202884,0.0005238832,0.00067781383,0.023350712,0.35693088,0.0006249698],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.3419533,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.21295246,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5162627,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0022975167,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.004491726,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99990517},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400482800","doi":"10.55016/ojs/cpai.v6i1.76570","title":"An Officer and a Strategist","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Perspectives on Academic Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba; Assiniboine Community College","funders":"","keywords":"Strategist; Officer; Management; Political science; Economics; Law","score_opus":0.03910874790173826,"score_gpt":0.3507112132328145,"score_spread":0.3116024653310763,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400482800","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.69598424,0.00045893982,0.00003637794,0.04538303,0.0005506274,0.00045776015,0.00023326855,0.000464366,0.25643137],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9917518,0.0014421595,0.000060011225,0.0024742335,0.00079459307,0.000016192194,0.000021544496,0.000020550284,0.0034189404],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.99756813,0.00045119014,0.000204509,0.00055957923,0.00039174562,0.0008248665],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99818057,0.0002696794,0.000061250095,0.00022003823,0.00018058509,0.001087899],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0024861442,0.00019969467,0.00020647654,0.00048749358,0.0010568585,0.000108747576,0.00054045505,0.0016468596,0.0005657028],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0013279583,0.00020254041,0.000058621168,0.0007276866,0.0008897284,0.00056498195,0.000019720334,0.006670507,0.0004796827],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000019123494,0.000011232098,0.001956163,0.0000043577506,0.000016341146,0.00003716206,0.074824415,0.0000038785083,0.00008032198,0.8956801,0.024563095,0.0028037713],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003040531,0.00014279256,0.023100244,0.00008110708,0.000022684106,0.000013519569,0.606489,0.0006885319,0.000052630363,0.046553288,0.3219039,0.00064820156],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.43509546,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.32667986,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8491269,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008596546,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0017584629,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996492},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400482808","doi":"10.55016/ojs/cpai.v6i2.77102","title":"An Attribution Theory Lens on Plagiarism: Examining the Beliefs of Preservice Teachers","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Perspectives on Academic Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta; University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Attribution; Psychology; Through-the-lens metering; Lens (geology); Mathematics education; Social psychology; Optics; Physics","score_opus":0.06401836504299194,"score_gpt":0.34441488418711613,"score_spread":0.2803965191441242,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400482808","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.84550893,0.00040757225,0.00019074349,0.04154182,0.00077226816,0.0008309067,0.00045212806,0.00031768827,0.10997793],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99308306,0.0007223929,0.00002530774,0.0030783042,0.00081663486,0.000032168395,0.000044597877,0.00002779249,0.002169733],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9951138,0.0021902842,0.00037411117,0.00060823903,0.00077132945,0.0009422711],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99681187,0.001703222,0.00019775356,0.0004901984,0.00031646425,0.00048050506],"candidate_categories":["sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.009643664,0.0002737093,0.00030477883,0.00048386003,0.0013595782,0.000052516618,0.0014369411,0.002407685,0.00040564168],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0041620866,0.000223572,0.0001178622,0.0010974734,0.001069368,0.00055910647,0.00004497805,0.012039451,0.00027821056],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000055690547,0.000025549722,0.0020287926,0.000005816477,0.000044540637,0.00000685572,0.22241671,0.00007355603,0.00020531571,0.7583879,0.014118282,0.0026309493],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00038797932,0.00036569955,0.053637274,0.00027420424,0.00005619143,0.0000042096513,0.7612336,0.00044702075,0.0007680402,0.040270023,0.14195551,0.0006002064],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.21712524,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.08296606,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7181179,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0014946733,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0015089745,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999405},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"qualitative","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"medium"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W4400482813","doi":"10.55016/ojs/cpai.v6i1.76772","title":"Exploring Official Academic Integrity Data","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Perspectives on Academic Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Research integrity; Data integrity; Academic integrity; Data science; Political science; Computer science; Computer security; Library science; Public relations","score_opus":0.2860422586479901,"score_gpt":0.3891125448216935,"score_spread":0.1030702861737034,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400482813","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.62463385,0.0016504321,0.00032527858,0.16810842,0.0076075937,0.0019850393,0.0029376862,0.0023634245,0.19038828],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97561985,0.010929371,0.00015155225,0.0036155793,0.005103046,0.00008104578,0.00027205958,0.00007848857,0.004149007],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99297696,0.0011423264,0.00074413425,0.0016179361,0.0013240147,0.002194609],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9952863,0.0012735757,0.000230258,0.0011146972,0.00042747203,0.001667735],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00909679,0.0005470457,0.0006054868,0.0013400826,0.002048655,0.00012296124,0.0043204958,0.0037240905,0.0008888748],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01557992,0.0005751323,0.00020143298,0.002472648,0.0013223649,0.0025195773,0.00039217048,0.03914828,0.0032104722],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009114471,0.00003059163,0.0022864111,0.000020153522,0.00009013775,0.00008967026,0.09811551,0.000014867682,0.00010544334,0.6924518,0.19318023,0.013524055],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00035529997,0.00006371633,0.007523154,0.0002854036,0.00005284534,0.000011113853,0.2702186,0.0009261862,0.00011810564,0.014682738,0.7047926,0.0009702334],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.43196878,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.21412835,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.677769,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0032585738,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.005811184,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99982494},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400482815","doi":"10.55016/ojs/cpai.v6i1.76505","title":"Pre-Service Teachers Beliefs about Plagiarism: An Attribution Theory Lens","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Perspectives on Academic Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Attribution; Lens (geology); Psychology; Service (business); Through-the-lens metering; Social psychology; Business; Physics; Optics","score_opus":0.04421090954988021,"score_gpt":0.33893504879676073,"score_spread":0.2947241392468805,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400482815","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8208091,0.0008942066,0.00054555334,0.07343521,0.0015529258,0.0011462806,0.00082122046,0.0011222035,0.099673286],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9792958,0.0017891931,0.00008575481,0.0093667535,0.0018699571,0.00006320716,0.00018715997,0.000055572214,0.007286618],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99440336,0.0018040946,0.0004412536,0.00094929186,0.00082947756,0.0015725435],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9969729,0.00069894403,0.00017292309,0.00047276856,0.0004918018,0.0011906333],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0079585,0.00040330325,0.00039230468,0.00073066814,0.001937821,0.00011824374,0.0013520914,0.0044308393,0.0009872525],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0035252762,0.00042109206,0.00016935321,0.0016430414,0.0008131205,0.0012351657,0.000062038926,0.016044583,0.0015306512],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000054579396,0.000027809807,0.0023297202,0.000007690747,0.000047550904,0.000018890578,0.26013103,0.000025451847,0.00009518842,0.7041086,0.02869678,0.004456679],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00042331757,0.00012791133,0.03893313,0.00018667571,0.00005390848,0.000008999331,0.37120795,0.00035755994,0.00016290012,0.04875472,0.53890514,0.00087775616],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.42142537,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.37730455,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6553539,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0034292578,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0028704177,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999926},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"qualitative","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":true,"confidence":"medium"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"methods","study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W4400482818","doi":"10.55016/ojs/cpai.v4i1.72913","title":"Building Collaborative Networks to Support Academic Integrity","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Perspectives on Academic Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Research integrity; Computer science; Data integrity; Engineering ethics; Computer security; Engineering; Library science","score_opus":0.03229161025195651,"score_gpt":0.3498144151766333,"score_spread":0.31752280492467677,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400482818","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.27407843,0.0058971476,0.0113607505,0.2928062,0.0071279146,0.0031316397,0.0014544943,0.00090706744,0.40323633],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96188444,0.002992871,0.0024264737,0.022854954,0.0030957784,0.0000923587,0.00005006523,0.0000708311,0.006532242],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9929252,0.001637388,0.0007772068,0.0014902471,0.0010714588,0.0020984588],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99373007,0.0010530208,0.0002391858,0.00054799183,0.0017103319,0.002719381],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.004931986,0.00060302875,0.00074685086,0.00070296606,0.0017675242,0.00018301,0.0016045189,0.005303564,0.0023745077],"category_scores_gemma":[0.012990618,0.00065737485,0.00027246674,0.0028132598,0.000921399,0.0008628715,0.0001693689,0.035598654,0.00060290797],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":true,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007752384,0.0000343419,0.0022220723,0.000008148873,0.00008352367,0.00014208168,0.059085738,0.00008082868,0.00022825121,0.81016606,0.12203841,0.005833],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00044234763,0.00018205751,0.002117918,0.00032973703,0.00006457783,0.000039530823,0.21104462,0.00026051828,0.0010790805,0.018886527,0.7643739,0.0011792026],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.13329735,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.20024358,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.79127955,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0059416546,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.012112896,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995878},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400482819","doi":"10.55016/ojs/cpai.v4i1.72824","title":"Proactive not punitive: Approaching academic integrity from an educational perspective","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Perspectives on Academic Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Saskatchewan Polytechnic; University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Punitive damages; Perspective (graphical); Academic integrity; Engineering ethics; Psychology; Political science; Computer science; Engineering; Law; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.05648466931229684,"score_gpt":0.3693229868471757,"score_spread":0.31283831753487884,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400482819","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.4085869,0.0027044006,0.0007329521,0.25565237,0.0022778795,0.001538057,0.0025751442,0.00038383054,0.32554847],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97665465,0.0013674523,0.0012552342,0.010799841,0.004519253,0.00013019452,0.00031519082,0.00007835059,0.004879831],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9910487,0.0031549633,0.000711998,0.0020537507,0.0013649364,0.0016656436],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99279773,0.0018624048,0.00034379162,0.00066256436,0.0022305658,0.0021029674],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0035656618,0.0007142011,0.00073746126,0.00070280035,0.0024239693,0.00023175946,0.0017068981,0.0048141098,0.0031156694],"category_scores_gemma":[0.015201154,0.00077513047,0.00034616303,0.0010130904,0.0017326768,0.0022626817,0.00013026757,0.042889066,0.00041454684],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":true,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011905879,0.00014425554,0.0024933547,0.0000051230036,0.00017294419,0.000033649012,0.21699655,0.0000045313395,0.00028860173,0.77303463,0.004865961,0.0018413431],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00056273316,0.000094134695,0.021642383,0.0002245472,0.00011957856,0.00003180025,0.7730836,0.0002653355,0.0016542334,0.16205804,0.039058894,0.0012046994],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.6093589,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.27928585,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6109766,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.010801369,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.017912325,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99946994},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400482823","doi":"10.55016/ojs/cpai.v5i2.76456","title":"Pens for Hire: Part 3","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Perspectives on Academic Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science","score_opus":0.06597805505546861,"score_gpt":0.3584994969803379,"score_spread":0.2925214419248693,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400482823","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.11304664,0.000957311,0.00030038087,0.33857977,0.0049984837,0.0027089827,0.0018339239,0.0012907045,0.5362838],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9395961,0.0024195937,0.0001941927,0.0072338698,0.004106897,0.0002075183,0.000113860035,0.00005725078,0.046070706],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9971123,0.00031185095,0.00028865394,0.00060279603,0.00045318675,0.0012312538],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9975872,0.0008705445,0.00009123699,0.00024206714,0.00032802252,0.0008809321],"candidate_categories":["sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.003442222,0.0002327051,0.00027595283,0.00049390434,0.0014137756,0.00006176528,0.00077643304,0.0020230997,0.000832248],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006575916,0.00024071583,0.00019826261,0.00084355054,0.0006171862,0.00025882552,0.000027142109,0.0061084554,0.0010945222],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000021031947,0.000006769964,0.00034464302,0.000005388089,0.000020728487,0.0000074929194,0.03287897,0.0000024693522,0.000015499869,0.6400814,0.3243304,0.0022851988],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00018501558,0.000043544747,0.00068661204,0.000053038624,0.000014391981,0.0000017833996,0.10533298,0.000110512876,0.00005240901,0.0286871,0.8645423,0.00029029278],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.17499349,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.20918663,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8265495,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0018164632,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0023757746,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998863},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400620696","doi":"10.1080/08989621.2024.2377723","title":"The punishment intensity for research misconduct and its related factors: An exploratory study on hospitals in Mainland China","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Accountability in Research","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Mainland China; Misconduct; Exploratory research; China; Scientific misconduct; Punishment (psychology); Psychology; Criminology; Applied psychology; Social psychology; Political science; Law; Sociology; Medicine; Social science; Alternative medicine","score_opus":0.2987618849254758,"score_gpt":0.5154437601731929,"score_spread":0.21668187524771715,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400620696","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.984134,0.0007023267,4.262744e-7,0.009965893,0.00030626246,0.0030662657,0.000024884996,0.000036294274,0.0017636182],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99879146,0.0003693768,0.000002985292,0.000022126103,0.000119328404,0.00030059993,0.0000070394235,0.000014728759,0.00037237324],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.99078655,0.0053157522,0.00043395066,0.0007378984,0.0016763491,0.0010494826],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9903879,0.008395216,0.000023552122,0.00041675474,0.0006026813,0.0001738734],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["metaresearch"],"category_scores_codex":[0.09036314,0.00014682287,0.00024388851,0.00043882037,0.0013702399,0.0005955793,0.0007673922,0.00056425435,0.000049238675],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0106707625,0.000102672784,0.00004084499,0.0013706548,0.0009988857,0.0007341721,0.0002717329,0.0056827236,0.000028696564],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005758767,0.00083586754,0.33092114,0.000107668304,0.000042072563,0.000040757557,0.6350852,0.000003716611,0.00017031333,0.025296727,0.0036114932,0.0033091283],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000435563,0.00087097473,0.27742106,0.00017236017,0.000003641403,5.748825e-7,0.6468742,0.00035000953,0.00019087842,0.065742746,0.0077384715,0.00019951323],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0155771235,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.035015758,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07969238,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00093830645,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00066457846,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99992985},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"evaluation","study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W4400686170","doi":"10.1016/j.appdev.2024.101676","title":"Role of moral judgments and persistence in elementary school students' academic cheating","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"De Veber","funders":"Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China","keywords":"Cheating; Psychology; Persistence (discontinuity); Developmental psychology; Social psychology","score_opus":0.03378723366445879,"score_gpt":0.3605146169242266,"score_spread":0.3267273832597678,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400686170","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96986777,0.0011855878,0.000028904633,0.0007994368,0.00031321822,0.00014357302,0.0000026478558,0.000008224117,0.027650638],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9943331,0.0010703225,0.0035764575,0.0007782352,0.00015277158,0.000004027768,0.0000013977206,0.0000073116375,0.00007639986],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99836415,0.00007569626,0.0006390478,0.00017591436,0.00048592285,0.00025925928],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995137,0.00010702852,0.00018780287,0.000035973702,0.000034467517,0.00012106852],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0021478466,0.000104026956,0.00023812917,0.000262812,0.00009139187,0.000024714256,0.00037733902,0.0003539853,0.00022153919],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000052458523,0.00009774379,0.000041828494,0.00027766975,0.00020355276,0.00021215643,0.00007463921,0.0015917982,0.000017409347],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00067926914,0.00025530256,0.65502155,0.00009867104,0.00038087126,0.000092338414,0.119627245,0.00000940245,0.07626801,0.0138941705,0.007664499,0.12600869],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003769034,0.00036339174,0.5640637,0.0011931175,0.00012161123,0.00034520426,0.2983147,0.0000473358,0.0058058472,0.06992943,0.055256803,0.0007898376],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008065558,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000041427724,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.17868745,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002158525,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022957921,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.69156593},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4401115764","doi":"10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35460","title":"Characteristics of retracted articles in ophthalmology","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Heliyon","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Hôpital du Saint-Sacrement; Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Citation; Labelling; Scientific misconduct; Medicine; Library science; Ophthalmology; Computer science; Psychology; Alternative medicine; Pathology; Criminology","score_opus":0.03264553433157864,"score_gpt":0.32639913853789587,"score_spread":0.29375360420631724,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4401115764","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9646112,0.0010446913,0.000030519866,0.0016400948,0.0004801833,0.000057810685,0.000010475759,0.00003456306,0.032090478],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9975742,0.000963366,0.00008024883,0.00005641243,0.00017320759,0.0000022328347,0.0000032899634,0.000003975705,0.0011430852],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99928117,0.0001388593,0.00017553479,0.00009786106,0.00014623263,0.00016036307],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996133,0.00024054763,0.000025854055,0.00005283182,0.00003474617,0.000032728833],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00083689665,0.000041012878,0.000099388584,0.00008753609,0.000038098584,0.00001642883,0.00009980225,0.00040090218,0.0006218248],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004983153,0.000039308095,0.000025924806,0.00028597206,0.00012233487,0.000091553185,0.000013482364,0.000607217,0.00010181833],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012580566,0.00023506343,0.24192946,0.0011447009,0.000048083297,0.0009808908,0.12645094,0.0000021698795,0.022659201,0.5305794,0.0024516473,0.07339265],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00031409698,0.00017874011,0.7029921,0.0022829345,0.00004217774,0.00008572557,0.00808089,0.00050554686,0.009223446,0.028098255,0.24767826,0.0005178186],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005020128,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00012046039,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.50248116,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000036258312,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009378316,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.68085456},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4401242140","doi":"10.1177/00218863241269827","title":"Misrepresenting Methodology: A Critique of Epistemological Engineering in Social Science Research","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus; Kelowna General Hospital; University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Epistemology; Sociology; Scientific misconduct; Philosophy of science; Misconduct; Rhetoric; Rigour; Scope (computer science); Empirical research; Engineering ethics; Social science; Political science; Law","score_opus":0.26381016342185765,"score_gpt":0.5162792380013734,"score_spread":0.2524690745795158,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4401242140","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.983032,0.00013063842,0.0005290974,0.0016605405,0.00030006916,0.00014958568,8.833949e-7,0.0000148080935,0.014182372],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9974687,0.000043664662,0.0021412147,0.00002680069,0.0002719942,0.0000025780278,3.7565577e-8,0.0000040011555,0.000040972656],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9962707,0.00048008375,0.000466579,0.0002033625,0.0019250624,0.00065420486],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.997706,0.0014506145,0.0001250117,0.000105862935,0.0004924151,0.00012011608],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.08386772,0.00007853611,0.00021837291,0.00067134463,0.0009561071,0.00014298166,0.0018695531,0.00021202625,0.000038613493],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0016775092,0.000052777083,0.00006019216,0.004007667,0.0066659,0.0004910783,0.00025371983,0.0025406827,0.0000041395206],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000066155364,0.00006821019,0.0005095149,0.000021308815,0.000002744365,0.000041391617,0.06812375,0.00008089501,0.42088416,0.497697,0.0002090958,0.012295785],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011881229,0.0009819213,0.04124964,0.0012149371,0.0001962892,0.00045973944,0.2256856,0.003303448,0.42162696,0.2914829,0.011456182,0.0011542846],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008397638,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000032814038,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2062141,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003320084,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0014003194,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997605},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4401256164","doi":"10.31468/dwr.1051","title":"Examining AI Guidelines in Canadian Universities: Implications on Academic Integrity in Academic Writing","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Discourse and Writing/Rédactologie","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; Niagara College","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Research integrity; Academic writing; Academic dishonesty; Psychology; Medical education; Political science; Engineering ethics; Mathematics education; Higher education; Medicine; Public relations; Engineering; Law","score_opus":0.203320511479892,"score_gpt":0.4814413194591376,"score_spread":0.2781208079792456,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4401256164","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.87936586,0.0027785313,0.000051572297,0.086400494,0.00025996694,0.00024288827,0.0000903997,0.00014494765,0.030665359],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99323225,0.003263199,0.000079734935,0.002358053,0.00047408423,0.000021225329,0.000029359731,0.000017237664,0.00052486104],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.99735314,0.0003002859,0.00057865196,0.0005367183,0.00025682896,0.000974377],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981087,0.0012809326,0.000072404066,0.00014292847,0.00009290783,0.00030214546],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0036261852,0.00022442201,0.0002951417,0.00068581523,0.00046994552,0.00011947554,0.0004818871,0.0014704437,0.00008551228],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001261724,0.00022593021,0.00005344651,0.00071758754,0.00047819066,0.0006666292,0.0000772111,0.0071051456,0.00003187159],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014711817,0.000015546499,0.45504788,0.000058417452,0.000018465344,0.00017532357,0.022086196,0.00004221961,0.0001347736,0.4616267,0.007060633,0.053719122],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006690742,0.00010244337,0.2221626,0.0049903723,0.000070845075,0.00004463165,0.6360248,0.0028735346,0.00010022419,0.04501536,0.08659462,0.0013515347],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.34322116,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.27684444,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.61393857,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008862353,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0022263483,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99982584},"labels":[{"model":"gpt","categories":[],"domain":null,"study_design":"qualitative","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":true,"about_ca_topic":true,"confidence":"high"},{"model":"grok","categories":[],"domain":null,"study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":true,"about_ca_topic":true,"confidence":"high"},{"model":"opus","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"qualitative","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":true,"about_ca_topic":true,"confidence":"medium"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W4401631931","doi":"10.22215/etd/2024-15985","title":"Predicting Threats to Academic Integrity: A Text-Mining and Scenario Modeling Framework","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Computer science; Stylometry; Adversarial system; Data science; Phishing; Copying; Artificial intelligence; Computer security; World Wide Web; Psychology; Social psychology; Political science","score_opus":0.051371654340354005,"score_gpt":0.3777493348622184,"score_spread":0.3263776805218644,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4401631931","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.68836427,0.0075793476,0.0055180686,0.007225538,0.004179271,0.00092099624,0.000026216429,0.0007713093,0.285415],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8988429,0.0038862058,0.008078377,0.0015432143,0.003201301,0.00007861366,0.00013044674,0.00009906294,0.08413989],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9971304,0.00016236755,0.0005313831,0.0007508448,0.00078845385,0.0006365498],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99853003,0.00069016067,0.000116085226,0.00015875626,0.00016649648,0.00033845752],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0024458694,0.00036240206,0.00044451744,0.00033492182,0.0008113739,0.00031489096,0.00049332593,0.0057057934,0.00024760843],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0027277349,0.0003377382,0.00011232998,0.00054094807,0.000072898,0.00028361796,0.000097915734,0.01144291,0.00013023359],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000092301794,0.000013918107,0.002815509,0.00035191607,0.00014516107,0.000019731007,0.7041284,0.00012133528,0.000049180762,0.16539033,0.006329247,0.120542996],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00014092293,0.00008821387,0.000120657394,0.013105025,0.00045074042,0.000009862,0.6208316,0.06323187,0.00009077992,0.2804955,0.019894376,0.0015404794],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008531113,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.013999791,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.21047863,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021364923,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007339167,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999075},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402008353","doi":"10.14429/djlit.44.4.19733","title":"Trends in Plagiarism","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"DESIDOC Journal of Library & Information Technology","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science","score_opus":0.010413566208841924,"score_gpt":0.27516627072139965,"score_spread":0.2647527045125577,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4402008353","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.16733137,0.00694661,0.016648503,0.2893946,0.0041204295,0.00026314353,0.000034438566,0.0010995371,0.51416135],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9926137,0.0012925344,0.0034560296,0.0009699864,0.00029291605,0.0000026955704,0.000011068159,0.0000075039306,0.0013535973],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99874234,0.00009127143,0.0006206306,0.00005059973,0.0002717541,0.00022337724],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994931,0.00013672098,0.00019511291,0.000069455076,0.00004833986,0.00005723032],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010163435,0.00007865986,0.00016529017,0.0028581112,0.000092507544,0.00014596828,0.00043951502,0.0009811907,0.00078898855],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020853091,0.00006885672,0.00007941707,0.0017751969,0.0001815617,0.00680697,0.000039688435,0.0022237713,0.00011550736],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018089786,0.000009567424,0.001324649,0.00001397295,0.000018261368,0.0000497069,0.00987546,0.00001552041,0.000011957337,0.6231589,0.070865974,0.29463798],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00014849333,0.00005865462,0.00038016983,0.00012959998,0.0000070057977,0.00010533545,0.005550532,0.00018297898,0.0005410336,0.07519187,0.9176155,0.000088823486],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000032801367,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000074688446,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.84674954,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000059947408,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00031399814,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9661304},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"design_other","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W4402034355","doi":"10.55667/10.55667/ijede.2024.v39.i1.1327","title":"Exploring the Impact: How Online Exam Proctoring Reduces Cheating and Enhances Course Legitimacy","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International journal of e-learning & distance education","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Legitimacy; Ligne; Psychology; Medical education; Humanities; Social psychology; Medicine; Political science","score_opus":0.05481533831290123,"score_gpt":0.3895782490704714,"score_spread":0.33476291075757014,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4402034355","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9626363,0.003823812,0.0022012445,0.024031227,0.0048881085,0.00008912293,0.0000044747803,0.000033402423,0.00229233],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99041307,0.0023902976,0.00050722883,0.000048531805,0.0050531966,0.0000093395265,0.000007056304,0.000010519251,0.0015607534],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986463,0.00017446777,0.0002642572,0.00013799252,0.0006063038,0.00017064692],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99850875,0.00052413245,0.0002842915,0.00004187538,0.00055945513,0.00008147952],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0015470189,0.000101892925,0.000113435315,0.000113601025,0.00035537523,0.0006612754,0.0003597746,0.00009134744,0.000051434534],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001558601,0.0000738007,0.00007836787,0.00018940638,0.0001557022,0.0016971899,0.000024480569,0.0015521777,0.0000030275603],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012925445,0.00030330464,0.018341867,0.0000660904,0.00046126504,0.000029709374,0.23082693,0.0007708002,0.0056042685,0.09059708,0.0067344024,0.64613503],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00032074147,0.00019761974,0.04377181,0.0049278415,0.00013969933,0.00021652656,0.35793257,0.002412149,0.002396312,0.006870363,0.5802791,0.0005352508],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003215249,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006043831,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6455998,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00028489553,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00088114094,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.67435265},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402098368","doi":"10.5539/hes.v14n3p203","title":"Reviewer Acknowledgements for Higher Education Studies, Vol. 14, No. 3","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Higher Education Studies","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Higher education; Mathematics education; Psychology; Pedagogy; Medical education; Political science; Medicine","score_opus":0.10103254394180573,"score_gpt":0.44562712835372614,"score_spread":0.3445945844119204,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4402098368","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0021514243,0.47412637,0.000019014877,0.018839626,0.4456376,0.0009925709,0.000018533781,0.00023599261,0.057978876],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.008526713,0.033688832,0.0008832733,0.003999466,0.03218435,0.0012633213,0.00004029167,0.00002918765,0.91938454],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99824107,0.00020576127,0.00039098822,0.00043965233,0.00037203732,0.0003504834],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.97329557,0.00058414636,0.00011974706,0.00020786675,0.025694264,0.00009840538],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011387856,0.00021580429,0.00032996674,0.00013657786,0.00077924953,0.00010649603,0.00024339194,0.0002757388,0.0018949531],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005833326,0.00018194274,0.00012829577,0.0004884525,0.00028698653,0.00040545,0.00006951362,0.00041157522,0.0026342417],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000042348543,0.00011288601,0.0002272215,0.00046905433,0.00027015214,6.996848e-8,0.0057104956,8.5641815e-8,0.0000045929223,0.05347639,0.9316477,0.008077076],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006695571,0.000022252074,0.0005840798,0.00064797414,0.0001623584,5.1978567e-8,0.008305414,3.7970594e-7,0.000014969603,0.013402199,0.9765807,0.000212667],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000827948,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000047588856,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8614057,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004664389,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0010206413,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9990175},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402104837","doi":"10.55016/ojs/jet.v52i3.69721","title":"Designing and Implementing an Online Academic Integrity Tutorial: Identifying the Challenges within a Post-secondary Context","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of educational thought.","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Context (archaeology); Computer science; Research integrity; Medical education; Data science; Psychology; World Wide Web; Engineering ethics; Medicine; Engineering; Library science","score_opus":0.10385529497332736,"score_gpt":0.39545157437423306,"score_spread":0.2915962794009057,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4402104837","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.93679136,0.00886277,0.00008830808,0.04810183,0.003537567,0.0002069878,0.000015614061,0.000008979605,0.0023865933],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98584574,0.0017183146,0.0047104545,0.0011090707,0.0056921244,0.0000025794077,0.000007620915,0.000012099267,0.00090196636],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9977302,0.0006866273,0.00059078366,0.0001621689,0.00055804185,0.00027217856],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9967024,0.00178151,0.0007075798,0.000098489945,0.00056350295,0.00014655193],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.007771065,0.000118177486,0.00021736216,0.00011454858,0.0005642127,0.00011480992,0.00049311225,0.00033705265,0.0004562122],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0020214098,0.000085043815,0.00008027287,0.00013260356,0.00020612143,0.0011007761,0.000058065918,0.003376364,0.000012449128],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009615844,0.000113082286,0.011814697,0.000049456867,0.00011500009,0.0000019250133,0.15043323,0.000004285824,0.0046654735,0.8092838,0.0026006948,0.020822192],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00094895216,0.00026951943,0.03557496,0.00064628775,0.00012706636,0.00021788881,0.61146677,0.000052413132,0.00085193355,0.14815076,0.20125172,0.00044173133],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00049749046,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007494885,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.66113305,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011408563,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001599822,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9989229},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402109748","doi":"10.55016/ojs/jet.v52i3.69725","title":"Academic Integrity in the University","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of educational thought.","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Research integrity; Engineering ethics; Engineering","score_opus":0.03186858817230185,"score_gpt":0.34166703398439663,"score_spread":0.30979844581209476,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4402109748","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.77205956,0.00033550218,0.000044417066,0.124454975,0.0011996067,0.000097639495,0.00000259525,0.0000019706474,0.10180375],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98728913,0.00043473538,0.0006814516,0.00094562274,0.0011474397,1.5865398e-7,0.0000010055351,0.0000019726551,0.009498501],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99872476,0.0004963922,0.00018560841,0.00005757618,0.0004091272,0.00012656697],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982437,0.0013049708,0.00018507711,0.000057982397,0.00016021935,0.000048057318],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0034695729,0.000044041484,0.00009233964,0.00010030418,0.00013439407,0.000014469156,0.0005960113,0.00026916357,0.0010479139],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008567075,0.00003142617,0.000066673805,0.0003330703,0.0001330387,0.0003610317,0.000012801462,0.0028631708,0.00012538108],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000024759016,0.000047515397,0.070831545,0.0000030747676,0.0000069445045,0.0000016349204,0.016625382,0.000007865783,0.00002748458,0.8700811,0.041925136,0.0004175613],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00015081793,0.000019646295,0.061128166,0.000052771415,0.000008496807,0.000019736579,0.032793406,0.0000050842436,0.0000096819285,0.047913916,0.8578408,0.00005749551],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00027792744,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00010591644,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.82216716,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018764332,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0011165229,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99986523},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402109750","doi":"10.55016/ojs/jet.v52i3.69724","title":"Academic Integrity in a Student Practice Environment--An Elicitation Study","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of educational thought.","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Humber Polytechnic","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Research integrity; Psychology; Engineering ethics; Engineering; Social psychology","score_opus":0.03921283701907112,"score_gpt":0.4259017886413887,"score_spread":0.3866889516223176,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4402109750","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.963838,0.00037989527,0.000055943918,0.024457155,0.0010679754,0.000348135,0.0000017306048,0.0000032171563,0.009847972],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99279076,0.00038026055,0.0025950645,0.00068179995,0.0012951265,0.0000069719213,0.0000027839246,0.0000070150413,0.0022402448],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.996906,0.001174276,0.00057426124,0.00014985375,0.0010046436,0.00019097682],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9972342,0.0017244426,0.0005581795,0.000104565705,0.0002497691,0.0001288282],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0067968173,0.00009238858,0.00018526916,0.00019334958,0.00013210105,0.000046154528,0.00046075875,0.0003014756,0.00097304396],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0024037117,0.00008294648,0.000055984805,0.00023492989,0.00008281528,0.0014600598,0.000026384547,0.0029998494,0.0001826112],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00020915904,0.003169041,0.60458153,0.000007354597,0.00008515839,0.000006422977,0.19679612,0.000251556,0.00024761932,0.1880274,0.0032549216,0.003363719],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00092524244,0.00050461583,0.40317586,0.0000836221,0.00007043545,0.000029910223,0.37640792,0.000031235173,0.000019992098,0.0188086,0.19971548,0.00022708974],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005070041,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00013671022,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.20140569,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00047173345,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008654978,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999402},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402110933","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-65731-3_1","title":"Introduction: Academic Integrity and the Modern Academic Library","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Ethics and integrity in educational contexts","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Medicine Hat College; Assiniboine Community College","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Academic library; Computer science; Library science","score_opus":0.057740691371623215,"score_gpt":0.35915977335778776,"score_spread":0.3014190819861645,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4402110933","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00040941808,0.036736537,0.00001977893,0.60415053,0.0025129926,0.000522766,0.000112661764,0.000064315675,0.35547101],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.061591584,0.093622945,0.00012085361,0.007803875,0.011074871,0.00006907203,0.00014547161,0.00006252356,0.82550883],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9963115,0.00072479376,0.0008177835,0.0008331628,0.000896012,0.00041678335],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9926035,0.00631642,0.00027869333,0.0002698866,0.00029457852,0.00023696038],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.008932221,0.0004592623,0.0005924113,0.00030585445,0.0008945638,0.00025177377,0.0007144347,0.0071391813,0.0014253176],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0044595418,0.00035398256,0.00015788422,0.00013996754,0.003933144,0.0006530558,0.0003162621,0.08643514,0.0001591096],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007528228,0.0000087326825,0.00009701495,0.000092114184,0.00004974412,0.0000015647773,0.040702954,3.335805e-7,0.0000012711532,0.88602513,0.06882444,0.0041213976],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001448944,0.00000937982,0.00007778272,0.0004490063,0.00004152497,0.000014754048,0.0011854941,0.0000609015,0.0000012368697,0.54733217,0.45046532,0.0002175191],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0019788784,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013236341,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5963466,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022449714,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003143712,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998912},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402110945","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-65731-3","title":"Academic Integrity and the Role of the Academic Library","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"book","venue":"Ethics and integrity in educational contexts","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Alberta","keywords":"Academic integrity; Academic library; Computer science; Library science; Political science","score_opus":0.0405946279024405,"score_gpt":0.35688045350343484,"score_spread":0.31628582560099433,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4402110945","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0041639158,0.08261081,0.0000025625645,0.39988205,0.0021962752,0.00090468454,0.0002703177,0.000035604735,0.50993377],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.35724562,0.055966206,0.00005486918,0.0077479277,0.002693684,0.00008376389,0.000070348804,0.0000488235,0.5760887],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9956135,0.0018974523,0.0007586862,0.00047843976,0.0009139163,0.00033801488],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9878483,0.011138403,0.000370357,0.00026027413,0.0002476081,0.00013509132],"candidate_categories":["sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.009335211,0.0003242474,0.00051143544,0.00017293183,0.0006943772,0.00011457697,0.0011668236,0.0060908785,0.00028422117],"category_scores_gemma":[0.008003455,0.00019931968,0.0001866702,0.0002608725,0.00487771,0.00035337545,0.00045819115,0.076915696,0.000027617434],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003848228,0.000011381217,0.0013706811,0.00010169936,0.000035644018,2.2957884e-7,0.058804117,9.392157e-8,0.000003114699,0.8890807,0.047770683,0.0027831867],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00011326055,0.0000062066897,0.0007857371,0.0010207145,0.00003979456,0.0000042996417,0.0042355135,0.000021200936,0.000009381258,0.57677305,0.41685632,0.00013452643],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0037370685,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0017669098,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.39213413,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019293395,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.009416045,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99783045},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402110995","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-65731-3_7","title":"Librarians and Learning Designers on Academic Integrity: A Proactive Approach","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Ethics and integrity in educational contexts","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Newfoundland and Labrador Centre for Applied Health Research; Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Psychology; Engineering ethics; Cognitive science; Business; Computer science; Engineering; Social psychology","score_opus":0.10828403770152442,"score_gpt":0.3737811397570358,"score_spread":0.26549710205551136,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4402110995","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0008885473,0.005836327,0.000100863916,0.074306116,0.0008680008,0.00071008474,0.00007337668,0.000074035765,0.9171426],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.20062588,0.012832541,0.00083258736,0.0036892476,0.0018998117,0.00010365489,0.00018123783,0.00008439159,0.77975065],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9967065,0.0007593934,0.00050481706,0.00082498556,0.0008027996,0.00040151004],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99344957,0.0056477026,0.00020882548,0.00014053457,0.00029537434,0.00025799382],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.006815982,0.00044391546,0.0004960779,0.00045168996,0.0008788046,0.0002598022,0.0003416582,0.0060351654,0.00025572145],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005178938,0.00041949737,0.00011085523,0.00011997259,0.0013397826,0.0003551578,0.00012440285,0.07200168,0.00007618854],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000045342225,0.00003188974,0.00011493321,0.00010704228,0.00007143114,0.0000029758635,0.07984923,0.0000012361464,0.0000024352064,0.9108309,0.0034825373,0.0054600355],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00013448227,0.00008669263,0.00020514814,0.0012106282,0.000055248645,0.000011330266,0.012381738,0.00011431438,0.0000032271719,0.68013257,0.30520475,0.00045983604],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0026080527,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008200334,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.30172223,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00039534914,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0030836684,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99982566},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402111018","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-65731-3_5","title":"Grounding Academic Integrity Education in Positive and Proactive Pedagogy","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Ethics and integrity in educational contexts","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Douglas College","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Pedagogy; Engineering ethics; Psychology; Engineering","score_opus":0.07589957708340787,"score_gpt":0.43394200282529255,"score_spread":0.35804242574188466,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4402111018","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.017935542,0.019668616,0.000021671909,0.13188376,0.0028606127,0.0011124554,0.00016642206,0.000037819096,0.82631314],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.53509945,0.020721607,0.00025569514,0.00268175,0.0019740225,0.000095042655,0.00022129806,0.00005188393,0.43889928],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9971088,0.0005159183,0.0006284753,0.0007457433,0.00062272284,0.00037831155],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99481785,0.0040933113,0.00022540292,0.00013236603,0.00052774773,0.0002033387],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.005935285,0.00038665967,0.00048446868,0.00063790975,0.0004450209,0.00016819994,0.00030445302,0.0049748295,0.00028991865],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0035777474,0.00040019213,0.000082406244,0.0001330314,0.001084553,0.0004763614,0.00013029206,0.039177265,0.00005284362],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000030232208,0.00004689163,0.0011381393,0.000099995494,0.00003071982,0.0000024038338,0.076595806,5.8361902e-8,0.0000036031236,0.9021485,0.0013264441,0.018577235],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00011948337,0.000036205118,0.007098025,0.0023361025,0.00003859698,0.000016300593,0.01643914,0.000013741537,0.000002948252,0.8426736,0.13082185,0.00040397362],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.022869196,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.03629358,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5171639,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0010768828,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.009964091,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99984497},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402111067","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-65731-3_3","title":"The Role of Credit-Bearing Information Literacy Courses as a Preventative Approach to Academic Integrity Education in First-Year University Students: A Case Study","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Ethics and integrity in educational contexts","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Saint Paul University","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Information literacy; Mathematics education; Medical education; Bearing (navigation); Psychology; Pedagogy; Political science; Library science; Medicine; Computer science; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.036941522478351814,"score_gpt":0.3929166335562303,"score_spread":0.3559751110778785,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4402111067","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.38559628,0.004387364,0.00005044152,0.023334363,0.0024366449,0.0048985877,0.00031993774,0.000048802798,0.5789276],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.93493974,0.0020296562,0.00020210171,0.00026440452,0.00036752128,0.00005321585,0.00006755348,0.0000154272,0.0620604],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9973292,0.0005407889,0.00065072026,0.00036407937,0.00087050657,0.0002447174],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9955172,0.002918389,0.00031459387,0.00018379079,0.00091943523,0.00014662286],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.006246609,0.00025657995,0.00033326386,0.00048798588,0.0006262901,0.00019655177,0.00061744783,0.0014838044,0.000048337515],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0030080636,0.00023493837,0.000080756035,0.00023590108,0.0004434682,0.0007655838,0.00023170745,0.014041545,0.000035236957],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006271912,0.00020045148,0.006187579,0.00006207745,0.0000431894,0.000003441611,0.316293,0.0000019731842,1.6921565e-7,0.6719257,0.0006245139,0.0045951847],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002391252,0.00009809565,0.0019057182,0.0011657618,0.000054041564,0.00002657087,0.55241436,0.000029993762,8.9529505e-7,0.24950033,0.19430013,0.00026500045],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.04503071,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.028720943,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.54934347,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007551906,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.005147746,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998125},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402274413","doi":"10.22541/au.172554489.90838259/v1","title":"A Model for an Academia-Industry Collaboration for Pharmacovigilance and Pharmacoepidemiology","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Columbia College","funders":"","keywords":"Pharmacovigilance; Pharmacoepidemiology; Business; Knowledge management; Pharmacology; Medicine; Computer science; Drug","score_opus":0.16028318508408,"score_gpt":0.4878767033380399,"score_spread":0.3275935182539599,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4402274413","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.19556534,0.009254029,0.40508658,0.2981525,0.011396811,0.015908634,0.008580747,0.0017061594,0.054349184],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8877853,0.004914171,0.039531965,0.021296691,0.008517999,0.0030233606,0.00059044576,0.000097831435,0.034242213],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99779874,0.00032436688,0.00044335233,0.00074133324,0.00019399884,0.0004982171],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99807185,0.0010701754,0.00019741838,0.00012552265,0.00028641318,0.00024859305],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.005042325,0.00026367125,0.0004370041,0.000099815225,0.00044545837,0.00013020248,0.0004254486,0.008899567,0.000055177978],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0011084824,0.00025327483,0.00011257268,0.00011304571,0.00023768377,0.00020726246,0.00022580323,0.007854918,0.000005105325],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002675182,0.0000389578,0.00013655539,0.0008075753,0.0001596864,8.167196e-7,0.0398049,0.0072419993,0.0010062037,0.34565368,0.59535414,0.009527928],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00022614222,0.000021222913,8.2429636e-7,0.000050601466,0.00012776421,5.281003e-7,0.0019576454,0.6136532,0.00021852333,0.24729598,0.13620406,0.000243533],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00047288294,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005922733,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.69222,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016967436,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0011746126,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99999195},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402339736","doi":"10.1007/s40979-024-00163-6","title":"Clues to fostering a program culture of academic integrity: findings from a multidimensional regression model","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Educational Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"Smith School of Business, Queen's University","keywords":"Regression analysis; Psychology; Academic integrity; Regression; Social psychology; Computer science; Machine learning; Psychoanalysis","score_opus":0.09444063427137273,"score_gpt":0.4713385927775645,"score_spread":0.3768979585061918,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4402339736","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7377259,0.0030463275,0.0396816,0.18660769,0.023725864,0.0017065433,0.0017891219,0.00030059955,0.0054163174],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9042096,0.00066597987,0.08275018,0.0015603744,0.004588281,0.00016729916,0.0002642792,0.000036199646,0.0057577672],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99683726,0.00016974966,0.00076157943,0.0004383373,0.001401636,0.00039142734],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9963439,0.0011421419,0.00019729187,0.00011566232,0.001850831,0.00035016428],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002131743,0.00025476844,0.0002923723,0.00043223452,0.00045217897,0.0002807347,0.00103022,0.00088596775,0.00042460064],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0036018111,0.00020727934,0.0003610757,0.00028833395,0.00022152503,0.0010752784,0.00020308798,0.004785932,0.00005538099],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007782104,0.00059198623,0.0025128266,0.000071245035,0.00065780315,0.0000149151465,0.08915417,0.0003449377,0.0133846775,0.5035304,0.30262733,0.086331524],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00058530306,0.00019610739,0.0011938141,0.0037921357,0.000117341886,0.000102309845,0.010849212,0.02724659,0.004089357,0.54668707,0.40450534,0.00063543324],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013039449,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00017245926,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.18504731,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00077257096,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0021641108,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9975101},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402580065","doi":"10.1139/facets-2024-0102","title":"A harm reduction approach to improving peer review by acknowledging its imperfections","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"FACETS","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University; University of Alberta; Ocean Tracking Network; Dalhousie University; McGill University; University of Ottawa; Environment and Climate Change Canada; Fisheries and Oceans Canada; Carleton University","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Havforskningsinstituttet","keywords":"Harm reduction; Reduction (mathematics); Harm; Psychology; Law and economics; Risk analysis (engineering); Business; Medicine; Sociology; Social psychology; Nursing; Mathematics","score_opus":0.04031871544180062,"score_gpt":0.3493806028131221,"score_spread":0.3090618873713215,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4402580065","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.013481894,0.099407345,0.017492471,0.11616194,0.008180258,0.0023352178,0.00013817941,0.0012985159,0.7415042],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7132646,0.007179597,0.0011918169,0.0016549296,0.002517312,0.00020973456,0.00007430161,0.000039628878,0.2738681],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986874,0.00014983398,0.00015664344,0.00029083423,0.00042492006,0.00029037666],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994776,0.000047312333,0.000024560477,0.00009247034,0.00022577317,0.00013224284],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0022140902,0.00009628798,0.0001260859,0.00006576746,0.0004954271,0.0001426578,0.00018158798,0.00026993832,0.00033083477],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0012591315,0.00009026647,0.00007081336,0.0005225708,0.000040649367,0.00031829614,0.00003936191,0.00089822314,0.0010799295],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000010749349,0.000017691644,0.0000029971893,0.0003023368,0.000013140378,4.6848493e-7,0.015880086,0.0000031181128,0.0042940252,0.0057846527,0.9500863,0.023614123],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000022901262,0.00000861499,0.0000054189263,0.00045333058,0.000030636045,0.0000075747225,0.0020690088,0.0003329521,0.00068298576,0.00014058535,0.99611384,0.00013217052],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00059319596,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000019849635,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.69978267,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018702379,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00016498998,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99969786},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4403888260","doi":"10.1007/s10648-024-09965-z","title":"Effectiveness of Unproctored vs. Teacher-Proctored Exams in Reducing Students’ Cheating: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Field Experimental Study","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Educational Psychology Review","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China","keywords":"Cheating; Psychology; Educational psychology; Randomized controlled trial; Mathematics education; Medical education; Pedagogy; Social psychology; Medicine; Internal medicine","score_opus":0.06871598428386531,"score_gpt":0.49146674526449735,"score_spread":0.422750760980632,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4403888260","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.84767896,0.12015046,0.00003089401,0.011123603,0.0021022153,0.008511495,0.0000016548256,0.000040591392,0.010360098],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99137783,0.0043320176,0.000057663885,0.0006271133,0.00036616658,0.002482444,0.000016245524,0.000013326444,0.0007271756],"study_design_codex":"randomized_trial","study_design_gemma":"randomized_trial","domain_scores_codex":[0.9937951,0.003996296,0.0009434512,0.0004905783,0.0005156592,0.00025891396],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9952115,0.004179705,0.00021813308,0.00019918403,0.00011276197,0.000078740355],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.016625492,0.00019674514,0.0013703157,0.00017415396,0.00012934816,0.00004365401,0.00047570167,0.00033280344,0.0010490146],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0023389524,0.00015579349,0.00028177106,0.0005488062,0.00025241374,0.00015386344,0.000037714333,0.0009271105,0.000033065957],"study_design_candidate":"randomized_trial","study_design_consensus":"randomized_trial","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.5777747,0.020580398,0.06547148,0.008081137,0.0035831297,0.000033718385,0.21483967,0.000008741709,0.001671613,0.06806286,0.03219325,0.0076993024],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.9140004,0.0011275848,0.016205471,0.03258146,0.0012757424,0.000029494793,0.0149287265,0.00003548768,0.00061694544,0.008071528,0.009876765,0.0012504174],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011665303,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000032318047,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3362257,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015206255,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00040211272,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99986416},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404038076","doi":"10.55016/ojs/cpai.v7i5.79767","title":"International Centre for Academic Integrity Canadian Consortium","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Perspectives on Academic Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Humber Polytechnic","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Research integrity; Library science; Political science; Computer science; Public relations","score_opus":0.03574172896017015,"score_gpt":0.34175264966478597,"score_spread":0.30601092070461583,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4404038076","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.026421249,0.003870722,0.00053951814,0.5015576,0.011154621,0.002107595,0.0045474977,0.0006315583,0.44916967],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9627964,0.0031007417,0.0003797125,0.008537386,0.0045964876,0.00009290133,0.00016924774,0.00007540145,0.020251716],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9950421,0.00047759592,0.0006354994,0.0012134904,0.0007640401,0.0018672725],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99530834,0.0011191341,0.000117246986,0.00032330348,0.00071704114,0.0024149315],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.004022073,0.0005015788,0.00044518872,0.0014399554,0.0012902856,0.00027886545,0.0017822436,0.0045283856,0.0033282572],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006850993,0.0005171086,0.00037611774,0.0007745747,0.0010424359,0.00096600805,0.000047324753,0.024051601,0.00084685814],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":true,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000343283,0.000010031633,0.0010592189,0.000019214458,0.00010560727,0.000049198654,0.03614855,0.000002348046,0.000031997002,0.7110748,0.2461004,0.0053642704],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00020670774,0.000033880562,0.00042942681,0.00031424698,0.000047721896,0.000021163032,0.07415409,0.0007533832,0.000083317114,0.021741342,0.9016508,0.0005639489],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.8887206,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.90701336,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.93637514,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.009981512,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01363083,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999311},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404234502","doi":"10.1016/j.jecp.2024.106119","title":"Smiling, face covering, and rhythmic body rocking in children who cheat versus do not cheat","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Experimental Child Psychology","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; University of Toronto","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council; Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Psychology; Rhythm; Face (sociological concept); Developmental psychology; Cognitive psychology; Linguistics","score_opus":0.020976490401765472,"score_gpt":0.3732487020204658,"score_spread":0.3522722116187003,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4404234502","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.93727684,0.021646125,0.00007842382,0.0032135532,0.0021650845,0.00016200136,0.000006498825,0.000024345749,0.035427142],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9950673,0.0026870326,0.0000921839,0.00078243576,0.0012033656,0.0000028261813,0.0000016573143,0.00001697969,0.00014621862],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983778,0.00020442526,0.0004433693,0.0002808202,0.00032825884,0.0003653245],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994642,0.00013189692,0.0001268724,0.00010163313,0.000025927236,0.0001494601],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010230802,0.00017161184,0.00031075306,0.00023513226,0.00021420553,0.00010285461,0.00027668735,0.00051214296,0.00027988374],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000087823195,0.0001599251,0.000116988456,0.00020179873,0.00023460055,0.00035966875,0.00005576379,0.0018238433,0.000020236801],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.008073527,0.0017021707,0.10806151,0.00012451112,0.0020019088,0.001503243,0.5768313,0.00022485187,0.076971546,0.12919112,0.056439806,0.038874514],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.024492713,0.0056903493,0.22235183,0.004258159,0.00032265074,0.009253036,0.0705962,0.0006640286,0.067244254,0.004480448,0.5873453,0.0033009944],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00027904345,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003247568,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.53090554,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001900089,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006974552,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7923793},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404326436","doi":"10.3102/00346543241288240","title":"Academic Cheating, Achievement Orientations, and Culture Values: A Meta-Analysis","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Review of Educational Research","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Ministry of Education","keywords":"Cheating; Psychology; Academic achievement; Mathematics education; Meta-analysis; Social psychology","score_opus":0.2674560711120118,"score_gpt":0.5620555755742705,"score_spread":0.29459950446225874,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4404326436","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00089416513,0.80636036,0.000053081916,0.1618705,0.000089363224,0.00048206336,0.000044779947,0.000007971363,0.030197708],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.046975333,0.8656529,0.002101099,0.0014160294,0.0006318084,0.0003351149,0.00014697536,0.000010283951,0.08273045],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99693555,0.0010207939,0.00034656085,0.00025127365,0.001225694,0.00022011282],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99659604,0.0025586602,0.00005745859,0.00012317396,0.00054374244,0.000120897326],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.010837578,0.00007277981,0.00032845096,0.00024156703,0.00036883203,0.00004789016,0.000268009,0.00018505103,0.0066532423],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005489808,0.000052702024,0.0003013116,0.0019588943,0.00032851865,0.00017887377,0.000048129445,0.0012558909,0.00010106776],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000016763858,0.000045314548,0.00077708886,0.002740446,0.008879821,2.4696385e-7,0.0164357,8.1473735e-7,0.00002193318,0.76911664,0.19983207,0.0021482555],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000018023673,0.000019083223,0.0004012392,0.00083265203,0.013514421,8.840217e-7,0.0030054536,0.000023326364,0.000018047645,0.036426052,0.9456471,0.00009366692],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009528236,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006923527,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7458151,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011621689,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0010814201,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9942548},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404844171","doi":"10.5539/hes.v14n4p241","title":"Reviewer Acknowledgements for Higher Education Studies, Vol. 14, No. 4","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Higher Education Studies","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Mathematics education; Higher education; Psychology; Pedagogy; Political science","score_opus":0.10182716451413937,"score_gpt":0.4461799442379471,"score_spread":0.34435277972380773,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4404844171","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0021455009,0.47606882,0.000019163803,0.018839331,0.44373786,0.0009951049,0.000018400382,0.00023670684,0.05793908],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.008804141,0.03396002,0.00089131476,0.0040358976,0.032138273,0.0012735918,0.000040638955,0.000029415778,0.9188267],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982409,0.00020573524,0.0003911229,0.00043969456,0.00037201462,0.00035052156],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9737603,0.00058485585,0.00011968987,0.00020783945,0.025228964,0.0000983473],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011396661,0.00021581877,0.00033004183,0.00013663911,0.00077962305,0.00010655065,0.00024356451,0.0002757613,0.0018644276],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0057551484,0.00018197607,0.00012830534,0.00048839237,0.00028703624,0.0004055071,0.000069539165,0.0004115629,0.0025825163],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004273143,0.00011283094,0.0002274891,0.0004650596,0.00026989376,7.01347e-8,0.005710428,8.440792e-8,0.0000045206557,0.05518624,0.92995596,0.008063166],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006668266,0.000022611668,0.00058661797,0.00064929493,0.00016349313,5.2484918e-8,0.008327372,3.808762e-7,0.000014669104,0.013528007,0.97642815,0.00021265606],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008208619,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000047777023,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.86088765,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00046470953,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0010169576,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999048},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4405313818","doi":"10.7202/1114970ar","title":"Central Management of Research Misconduct in the USA and Canada","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Bioethics","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Misconduct; Scientific misconduct; Plaintiff; Confidentiality; Political science; Conflict of interest; Research integrity; Public relations; Order (exchange); Business; Law; Medicine","score_opus":0.17854285104799206,"score_gpt":0.41940472979811405,"score_spread":0.240861878750122,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4405313818","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7845101,0.0068448894,0.000018939465,0.16563244,0.001528735,0.00017678663,0.000041265277,0.0000014877996,0.041245356],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99780554,0.0010914338,0.00006248396,0.00034999044,0.00016545005,2.9927014e-7,3.1874944e-7,0.00000221094,0.0005223018],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985243,0.00043692894,0.0001792177,0.000058021764,0.0004998918,0.00030161982],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990888,0.00047208165,0.00003132045,0.000049633833,0.00012841065,0.00022975],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0068865046,0.000036444515,0.00007236991,0.00015584579,0.00021282288,0.00007463312,0.0003261995,0.0001995187,0.00008696334],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00028216018,0.000026448666,0.00002084705,0.0003175157,0.0008525736,0.0000772885,0.000007249214,0.002337247,7.374148e-7],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000059449017,0.0000041910907,0.0141798835,0.000153486,0.000051137235,0.0017700681,0.08026306,0.000009918231,0.0000063146117,0.83473617,0.06321914,0.005600668],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009045638,0.000040567917,0.009314969,0.0006895796,0.000019801262,0.000051120333,0.15438813,0.000020057862,0.000054814853,0.014782176,0.8204621,0.000086236294],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.99446845,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.99966115,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.81995404,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002910947,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.008259563,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999644},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"evaluation","study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":true,"about_ca_topic":true,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"evaluation","study_design":"design_other","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":true,"about_ca_topic":true,"confidence":"low"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W4405409524","doi":"10.1016/b978-0-443-13701-3.00540-5","title":"Academic Misconduct","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Elsevier eBooks","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"MacEwan University","funders":"","keywords":"Misconduct; Political science; Psychology; Criminology; Law","score_opus":0.038704350269417855,"score_gpt":0.31260240058607464,"score_spread":0.27389805031665676,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4405409524","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000009296864,0.008811319,0.00000127441,0.0022875099,0.002352748,0.0004310749,0.000064000276,0.00025029213,0.98579246],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00021418088,0.0020362665,0.00006118495,0.0012458042,0.0037670212,0.000016007907,0.000018379207,0.000081367114,0.9925598],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99767196,0.00006803252,0.00045877416,0.00054512895,0.00075366104,0.0005024526],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989872,0.00020949428,0.0001719299,0.00028986944,0.00009761236,0.0002439057],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0014923242,0.00038498195,0.0004555571,0.00018243138,0.00038422766,0.00008885683,0.00073734403,0.004307828,0.0027072378],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011253456,0.00036335163,0.00033046494,0.000020940275,0.0006809184,0.00008021631,0.00014038886,0.008437677,0.006284246],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000024293029,5.9191535e-7,3.8179448e-7,0.00003498185,0.000052404106,0.00003106954,0.004259429,3.8286437e-8,0.00000578392,0.4979616,0.008754134,0.48889717],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000028735703,0.0000074479904,1.2247834e-7,0.0004482644,0.00009358248,0.000004942733,0.00014589241,4.1355153e-7,0.000008212681,0.3567878,0.64219856,0.00027601514],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000021515441,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00020384054,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6334444,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023948254,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006052342,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99988186},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4405422013","doi":"10.1590/1807-3107bor-2024.vol38.0135","title":"Perceptions of research integrity and open science practices: a survey of Brazilian dental researchers","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Brazilian Oral Research","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ottawa Hospital","funders":"","keywords":"Survey research; Dental research; Research integrity; Perception; MEDLINE; Psychology; Medicine; Dentistry; Applied psychology; Engineering ethics; Political science; Engineering","score_opus":0.44322168356972663,"score_gpt":0.5992148976080401,"score_spread":0.1559932140383135,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4405422013","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8922983,0.0012307566,0.000023942328,0.008765333,0.00021713722,0.001383739,0.00019324989,0.000044603392,0.09584296],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98794925,0.0017791736,0.000740552,0.000022249995,0.00010670136,0.00003627725,0.0000140049315,0.00002042193,0.009331359],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.98193616,0.009495717,0.00054455805,0.0009390175,0.005599526,0.0014850296],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.98397416,0.010138467,0.00012237097,0.000598341,0.004462075,0.00070456415],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts","scholarly_communication","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["metaresearch","sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.17845227,0.0001419713,0.0003556877,0.0015977246,0.0021587333,0.0012251588,0.004370198,0.0006460428,0.0013557342],"category_scores_gemma":[0.090012066,0.00012775898,0.000064773136,0.008802538,0.019053422,0.0022486458,0.0026197985,0.008267159,0.00018532001],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0012504029,0.0008072294,0.34871817,0.0009866783,0.00013957008,0.00010874897,0.09349382,0.0000013536821,0.028214213,0.3122815,0.08135901,0.13263935],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00082372583,0.0013832913,0.57235265,0.0020414593,0.000024423514,0.000028422535,0.24764183,0.0016232624,0.0052170972,0.042240035,0.1259797,0.00064407097],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.382034,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.12152743,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.27004144,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006076947,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01030567,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99981165},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4405484918","doi":"10.5430/wjel.v15n2p275","title":"Hedging in Medical Articles from Two Pandemics","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"World Journal of English Language","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Pandemic; Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Computer science; Medicine; Infectious disease (medical specialty)","score_opus":0.013829287423867206,"score_gpt":0.31753482150951245,"score_spread":0.30370553408564527,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4405484918","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.93873215,0.013345208,0.0002523171,0.003256097,0.0027631752,0.000042856707,0.000006697135,0.000053230535,0.041548274],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9924658,0.00046017682,0.00035492057,0.0004957328,0.0055817273,3.975903e-7,0.0000013426499,0.000007732498,0.00063218485],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984532,0.00024018138,0.00035351003,0.00009529269,0.00062759704,0.00023022718],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99868315,0.0009164212,0.00007120987,0.00005712258,0.00010313165,0.00016896792],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0033364252,0.00006878052,0.00016746945,0.00022951863,0.0000651217,0.00009369392,0.00031141588,0.0001819233,0.0010536223],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0047687674,0.000056973542,0.00008937858,0.00045530527,0.00011157514,0.0003184377,0.00002933625,0.0020369194,0.00001343016],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004395104,0.000045850902,0.021403035,0.000018386232,0.00007514339,0.002717999,0.6912948,0.000040334977,0.00023860922,0.04150535,0.0140734995,0.22854303],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008743634,0.000024409364,0.0008079548,0.001689388,0.00005612106,0.000017500108,0.15598549,0.001031805,0.0005027313,0.015616869,0.82310706,0.0002863067],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0022839133,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.014529804,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8090336,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000107460706,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00027939095,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998596},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4405514026","doi":"10.58932/mula0015","title":"Addressing Contract Cheating in Pakistani Higher Education: Strategies for Upholding Academic Integrity","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Professional Research in Social Sciences","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Cheating; Higher education; Political science; Business; Sociology; Mathematics education; Engineering ethics; Psychology; Law; Social psychology; Engineering","score_opus":0.5881953374734454,"score_gpt":0.6362940496336518,"score_spread":0.048098712160206336,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4405514026","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9233533,0.0006842802,0.000020775964,0.054781687,0.0023226282,0.00042951855,0.00000656554,0.000017868566,0.018383373],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9952208,0.00023530124,0.00046320364,0.00023068144,0.0025913427,0.000033485383,0.0000013587681,0.000006202637,0.0012176272],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99422157,0.001753358,0.0007124534,0.0002246292,0.0022324072,0.00085560733],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9942213,0.0045431387,0.00034854008,0.00003802689,0.0007199667,0.0001289997],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.050271906,0.00009940884,0.00027516024,0.00079793745,0.002297901,0.00022681814,0.00089867914,0.0006923546,0.00016861796],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0038953281,0.00007918225,0.0000911145,0.002969841,0.0012667163,0.0014566787,0.000101415644,0.005906649,0.000007817513],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00019736632,0.00017393616,0.047733694,0.000095636104,0.000009656285,0.000023017932,0.0822364,0.000036681507,0.0023779662,0.81476295,0.03173527,0.020617446],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00041537723,0.00007788797,0.05588444,0.0015056441,0.0000030125152,0.0000021068456,0.40078095,0.00015803313,0.000059150734,0.51913846,0.021820439,0.0001545077],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0021745225,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000677833,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.31854454,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00071118225,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.011089973,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99900097},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406468638","doi":"10.1145/3703465.3703472","title":"Is Crowdsourcing a Puppet Show? Detecting a New Type of Fraud in Online Platforms","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ontario Tech University","funders":"","keywords":"Crowdsourcing; Computer science; Data science; Computer security; World Wide Web","score_opus":0.07863912872982688,"score_gpt":0.37099151265907343,"score_spread":0.29235238392924656,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4406468638","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9135461,0.0012256328,0.00060686696,0.0057809274,0.0016582817,0.00040021955,0.00005177984,0.00016658733,0.076563604],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9793169,0.00037575784,0.0038258166,0.0006620105,0.0010158955,0.0000033930833,0.00001648772,0.00002452236,0.014759198],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99814224,0.00005509793,0.0005126327,0.00041017885,0.00048533615,0.0003945257],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999101,0.0002973324,0.00017484336,0.00020868077,0.000095005285,0.0001231486],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.001698499,0.0002054387,0.00040418096,0.00027189567,0.00010131524,0.00008154374,0.0005484182,0.002072199,0.0014210204],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010285071,0.00017917351,0.00015724885,0.0004920934,0.000103293525,0.00007922469,0.00070508354,0.0055169906,0.00008127524],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00019245439,0.00019548388,0.025188673,0.0016208037,0.0004015047,0.00010286659,0.7359884,0.0010410075,0.0006948431,0.06697178,0.058511585,0.10909065],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005047009,0.00010964189,0.0012441233,0.0052373814,0.00016488631,0.000008509272,0.100307666,0.010814332,0.003005355,0.8108215,0.066421084,0.0013608362],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.09071147,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.034849774,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7438497,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019643959,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0012726125,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994918},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406738886","doi":"10.31222/osf.io/cn6jf","title":"Preregistration of Research on Research Integrity is still Not Common: Findings from the Hong Kong, Cape Town, and Athens Editions of the World Conference on Research Integrity","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Women's College Research Institute","keywords":"Cape; Research integrity; Structural integrity; Geography; History; Engineering; Engineering ethics; Archaeology","score_opus":0.42914009343257653,"score_gpt":0.5009407905739112,"score_spread":0.07180069714133464,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4406738886","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5272058,0.00014752535,0.00006355134,0.21414511,0.0011047795,0.0029579636,0.002624419,0.00005435024,0.2516965],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9716407,0.0011186629,0.00015516904,0.00046733374,0.00065987493,0.00012672566,0.00006760192,0.000013745019,0.0257502],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9793394,0.011960356,0.0009059989,0.0011599701,0.005617489,0.0010167644],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9649379,0.028169278,0.0002832478,0.0017540235,0.0046481485,0.0002074019],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["metaresearch","sts","research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.046004593,0.0003327764,0.0006431358,0.0007419021,0.0026115808,0.00042188697,0.0038839623,0.0024763108,0.0015231464],"category_scores_gemma":[0.013214631,0.00021052906,0.00023375596,0.0018959461,0.008736338,0.00022132923,0.0027132758,0.042964008,0.000026138194],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00029748952,0.00025700737,0.0056281295,0.00014156336,0.00008502701,0.0000018494411,0.052343152,0.0000056528647,0.00014505495,0.73874414,0.20125993,0.0010909924],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005277006,0.00046068503,0.05354673,0.009639898,0.000072401876,7.8881743e-7,0.097295836,0.0010501858,0.016664024,0.7496294,0.070530295,0.0005820512],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.26007923,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.16794805,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.44443488,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006670923,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0038445285,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9993896},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"reproducibility","study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"reproducibility","study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"}],"label_agreement":"agree"},{"id":"W4406842793","doi":"10.1038/d41586-025-00212-1","title":"‘Stamp out paper mills’ — science sleuths on how to fight fake research","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":50,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Bishop's University","funders":"","keywords":"Scientific misconduct; Spotting; Misconduct; Engineering ethics; Political science; Engineering; Computer science; Law; Medicine; Alternative medicine","score_opus":0.04031818940135897,"score_gpt":0.42280289074556415,"score_spread":0.3824847013442052,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4406842793","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.024136825,0.00076106924,0.00003757921,0.30526075,0.0022156683,0.00039424503,0.00002704345,0.00007597485,0.66709083],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8524667,0.00013852799,0.00026593157,0.022587473,0.0005510114,0.000013280361,0.000002770431,0.000005334081,0.12396897],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99694586,0.00029363425,0.000093718125,0.00042877946,0.0015721811,0.0006658482],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99830693,0.0006168683,0.000021232681,0.00027183525,0.00059198093,0.00019113583],"candidate_categories":["sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0052789017,0.000098146644,0.000119865355,0.00035136653,0.001624132,0.00024519558,0.0011585021,0.002807168,0.00030595646],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0076379534,0.00007976296,0.000048336184,0.0018575874,0.00063746213,0.0002642359,0.00015150738,0.010405483,0.00032821076],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000021990742,0.000019978288,0.0002167521,0.000006202847,0.0000047621825,0.000005265267,0.011234437,0.0000012131646,0.0016823207,0.30394503,0.6729299,0.009932146],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007106907,0.00002511527,0.00095606083,0.00008079258,0.0000023925845,1.3965608e-7,0.0038325235,0.000004827958,0.002924868,0.00918745,0.982818,0.00009675042],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00033559542,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014841753,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.82832986,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00030719198,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00086053583,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99967563},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"evaluation","study_design":"qualitative","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["research_integrity","scholarly_communication"],"domain":null,"study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"commentary","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"medium"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W4406926026","doi":"10.33423/jabe.v27i1.7498","title":"Exam Proctoring in Online Business Education: Empirical Insights and Strategic Recommendations","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Business and Economics","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Medical education; Business; Psychology; Medicine","score_opus":0.045800548212874694,"score_gpt":0.3279552493490168,"score_spread":0.2821547011361421,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4406926026","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9630439,0.00036901704,0.000091648275,0.01591258,0.0005203916,0.00008848321,0.0000019347663,0.0000036006968,0.019968417],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9906249,0.0067679193,0.0011002001,0.0008570229,0.0004968693,0.000003230533,0.000005130441,0.000004010065,0.00014069409],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99936855,0.00002090051,0.00035518076,0.000104541534,0.0000417542,0.00010909831],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99942607,0.000107755215,0.00018279081,0.000041478328,0.00018667808,0.000055223456],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004380503,0.000074206924,0.00019437727,0.00019510773,0.00018540864,0.00009941396,0.000102574784,0.00028231135,0.000016824926],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005612855,0.000068454305,0.000012720134,0.00032679795,0.00009004824,0.00026606407,0.000028935148,0.0005446781,5.6528313e-7],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00027921333,0.0007742807,0.024090119,0.00023476107,0.00008521917,0.000004480836,0.0188557,0.00056575384,0.000114672,0.8133403,0.003175629,0.13847989],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012957432,0.000021190157,0.141197,0.00044681912,0.00006862303,0.000021778891,0.04495204,0.00040205935,0.00003705785,0.3744169,0.4367546,0.00038619796],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00028173035,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009991027,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4389234,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009466337,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00088898814,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.27914855},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4407348901","doi":"10.1002/ase.70002","title":"Legal and ethical considerations around the use of existing illustrations to generate new illustrations in the anatomical sciences","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Anatomical Sciences Education","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Publication; Fair use; Publishing; Copyright law; Copyright infringement; Law; Generative grammar; Computer science; Engineering ethics; Sociology; Intellectual property; Political science; Artificial intelligence; Engineering","score_opus":0.2480167885842012,"score_gpt":0.4640803359025141,"score_spread":0.21606354731831287,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4407348901","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.007023403,0.72602147,0.001536339,0.21935073,0.002702899,0.0054542855,0.00014028128,0.00009077522,0.03767984],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.03524613,0.94397944,0.008326423,0.009030366,0.0015870145,0.0002586303,0.000050824816,0.000014283648,0.0015068843],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99499106,0.002373464,0.00083255017,0.0005826783,0.0007786875,0.00044153398],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9896698,0.009452408,0.00030004472,0.0002198071,0.0001831628,0.00017478789],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts","scholarly_communication"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.006491506,0.00024087331,0.0005041272,0.00038267733,0.0029643711,0.0011164992,0.0009010178,0.0009249767,0.000056356675],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01027351,0.00014738007,0.00014435148,0.0028721383,0.0038238135,0.00046531355,0.000097740376,0.002063839,0.000008738605],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[9.068618e-7,0.000034160574,0.000029544997,0.00006348716,0.000007638535,3.9571654e-7,0.003739977,0.000057969137,6.245741e-7,0.9009395,0.014091231,0.08103451],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004080198,0.00003596675,0.000043625554,0.0014989136,0.0001444925,0.000017534163,0.008543622,0.00046158195,0.0000012815514,0.0166701,0.97227967,0.0002624332],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.016804473,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.014849831,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9581884,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017144401,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.015421746,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999204},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4407926451","doi":"10.5539/hes.v15n1p331","title":"Reviewer Acknowledgements for Higher Education Studies, Vol. 15, No. 1","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Higher Education Studies","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Mathematics education; Higher education; Psychology; Pedagogy; Medical education; Political science; Medicine","score_opus":0.08371433978053175,"score_gpt":0.44321332021686577,"score_spread":0.359498980436334,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4407926451","genre_codex":"editorial","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.004663773,0.34369776,0.000039751612,0.034828186,0.44334263,0.0017966249,0.000017236527,0.00018851158,0.17142555],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.007239943,0.020036442,0.0010830723,0.009741206,0.013358795,0.0013560791,0.00003168447,0.000015061105,0.9471377],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99832463,0.00024135163,0.00041918334,0.0003896596,0.00028568145,0.0003394722],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9700892,0.00055643235,0.00020040254,0.0002508401,0.028829496,0.00007365842],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009996305,0.00020569641,0.0003777552,0.00014898398,0.0010525137,0.00005270749,0.0002967692,0.00028135514,0.0011832241],"category_scores_gemma":[0.007611704,0.00018235721,0.000110720415,0.0005419405,0.0003122206,0.00027229544,0.000090809284,0.00033625233,0.0008533007],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000076467495,0.00018746048,0.0014364402,0.0002679538,0.00025595824,1.5597088e-8,0.002670295,9.3740674e-8,0.0000041376315,0.067219615,0.9225652,0.0053851707],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00013751218,0.000015506059,0.0030389044,0.00046061655,0.00015718094,1.10132055e-8,0.011582664,1.2777838e-7,0.000022527398,0.017269515,0.96713704,0.00017841131],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000119146556,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008159885,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7757122,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00045510303,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00115508,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99992466},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4407985303","doi":"10.5539/hes.v15n1p371","title":"Reviewer Acknowledgements for Higher Education Studies, Vol. 15, No. 1","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Higher Education Studies","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Higher education; Mathematics education; Psychology; Pedagogy; Library science; Medical education; Political science; Computer science; Medicine","score_opus":0.08371433978053175,"score_gpt":0.44321332021686577,"score_spread":0.359498980436334,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4407985303","genre_codex":"editorial","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.004663773,0.34369776,0.000039751612,0.034828186,0.44334263,0.0017966249,0.000017236527,0.00018851158,0.17142555],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.007239943,0.020036442,0.0010830723,0.009741206,0.013358795,0.0013560791,0.00003168447,0.000015061105,0.9471377],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99832463,0.00024135163,0.00041918334,0.0003896596,0.00028568145,0.0003394722],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9700892,0.00055643235,0.00020040254,0.0002508401,0.028829496,0.00007365842],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009996305,0.00020569641,0.0003777552,0.00014898398,0.0010525137,0.00005270749,0.0002967692,0.00028135514,0.0011832241],"category_scores_gemma":[0.007611704,0.00018235721,0.000110720415,0.0005419405,0.0003122206,0.00027229544,0.000090809284,0.00033625233,0.0008533007],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000076467495,0.00018746048,0.0014364402,0.0002679538,0.00025595824,1.5597088e-8,0.002670295,9.3740674e-8,0.0000041376315,0.067219615,0.9225652,0.0053851707],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00013751218,0.000015506059,0.0030389044,0.00046061655,0.00015718094,1.10132055e-8,0.011582664,1.2777838e-7,0.000022527398,0.017269515,0.96713704,0.00017841131],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000119146556,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008159885,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7757122,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00045510303,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00115508,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99992466},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4408037357","doi":"10.1177/01492063251315701","title":"Women’s and Men’s Authorship Experiences: A Prospective Meta-Analysis","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Management","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Kelley School of Business, Indiana University","keywords":"Psychology; Meta-analysis; Sociology; Medicine","score_opus":0.047216195743370507,"score_gpt":0.33767809315354885,"score_spread":0.29046189741017836,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4408037357","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.21409136,0.007431704,0.009132846,0.029799651,0.00072634354,0.00090315373,0.0000039789443,0.000035530986,0.7378754],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.985474,0.0003740203,0.0007107759,0.0005204387,0.00006189538,0.00007543417,1.2329303e-7,0.0000019176484,0.012781398],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.99825895,0.0003993842,0.00033701706,0.00014018362,0.0006458204,0.00021863965],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99926233,0.00011931611,0.0002388336,0.00009202424,0.00018449879,0.000102991595],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005663771,0.00008663982,0.00043095733,0.00040945972,0.0002718755,0.000105020874,0.00029872946,0.00013779958,0.0011144307],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017150499,0.00006274272,0.0003127052,0.0006919122,0.00014860905,0.00021280452,0.00006408627,0.000462846,0.0000026461873],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008749421,0.000114417155,0.0021039268,0.000028700013,0.13123626,0.000047324353,0.5110416,0.00006163093,0.0000014489818,0.32892284,0.021110881,0.005243484],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00042370008,0.0000666539,0.0036085017,0.000011514806,0.07462178,0.0000016391901,0.63416374,0.00009302158,0.000023968747,0.11554321,0.17126751,0.00017474464],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00015560987,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009965325,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.77138263,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00033427688,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000074842115,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997987},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4408083851","doi":"10.1007/s40979-025-00182-x","title":"Understanding PSE students’ reactions to the postplagiarism concept: a quantitative analysis","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Educational Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Brock University","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Mathematics education; Psychology","score_opus":0.14830328600280315,"score_gpt":0.4923651865432522,"score_spread":0.34406190054044905,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4408083851","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.02141759,0.00017854905,0.39551616,0.555896,0.01333817,0.0005666776,0.00025855063,0.00003589541,0.012792423],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9664913,0.0001373261,0.0035147734,0.006806742,0.0015332623,0.000077104494,0.000083011146,0.000008484417,0.02134802],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99739486,0.00039632648,0.00052510184,0.0002609644,0.0011192937,0.0003034744],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9944631,0.0030466157,0.00024227425,0.00013600879,0.0019373072,0.00017472],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0037331036,0.00014675966,0.00019946297,0.000698612,0.0017866563,0.00067057647,0.0015124858,0.000317695,0.00071013294],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0060065365,0.00011669339,0.00036550144,0.0010148522,0.00025972317,0.0005190516,0.00008588714,0.0019600578,0.000050297458],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010153489,0.00014252997,0.008941671,0.0000015549195,0.0014012441,9.3179017e-7,0.013023828,0.0003537226,0.000015770898,0.8466681,0.12913316,0.00021589271],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00035788142,0.000045273668,0.018349271,0.00010936551,0.0004071408,0.00001261738,0.05883401,0.0003702081,0.000039873,0.34178904,0.5794694,0.00021596446],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0035034656,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002862637,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.94507366,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0018885465,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0013978132,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995129},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"}],"label_agreement":"agree"},{"id":"W4408464518","doi":"10.1080/08989621.2025.2470860","title":"Mapping nine decades of research integrity studies (1935–2024): A scientometric analysis","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Accountability in Research","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Research integrity; Engineering ethics; Engineering","score_opus":0.45889575399146626,"score_gpt":0.6163961553527757,"score_spread":0.15750040136130944,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4408464518","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9309634,0.0031846208,0.00009269847,0.010060912,0.00032566427,0.0007892075,0.000021612881,0.00003569687,0.054526176],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99155396,0.0018434364,0.0003592763,0.00006802715,0.00010994828,0.00009850514,0.0000044907783,0.0000054416996,0.005956931],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9862051,0.0063991817,0.0008806075,0.0008367576,0.0042427294,0.0014356134],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9722717,0.020591484,0.00009720324,0.0008019654,0.006070072,0.00016758699],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","bibliometrics","sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["metaresearch","bibliometrics","sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.14753808,0.00015371991,0.00066008145,0.015338601,0.0013358498,0.00018553842,0.001844001,0.0008792377,0.00067962724],"category_scores_gemma":[0.08271674,0.0001392617,0.00019403668,0.094564624,0.0059930077,0.00047634658,0.0009819049,0.007628629,0.00004548741],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010213554,0.00032096947,0.90093744,0.00028304817,0.00033935232,0.0000046821056,0.050807208,0.000017360964,0.00012958131,0.03063578,0.0109924935,0.0054299333],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000434239,0.000079517886,0.31847978,0.00048529985,0.000054262822,2.9210497e-7,0.5517645,0.0005354264,0.0006379452,0.083461,0.043808717,0.00025904976],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.11227362,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.058114495,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.58245766,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0019670653,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0018358424,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999643},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4408604286","doi":"10.1007/s40979-025-00187-6","title":"Global Trends in Education: Artificial Intelligence, Postplagiarism, and Future-focused Learning for 2025 and Beyond – 2024–2025 Werklund Distinguished Research Lecture","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Educational Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Psychology; Sociology; Artificial intelligence; Computer science","score_opus":0.05784685763756196,"score_gpt":0.46495662347644307,"score_spread":0.4071097658388811,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4408604286","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.08804792,0.007837327,0.018488094,0.7380434,0.044335026,0.0015599687,0.00037718168,0.000065856235,0.10124519],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9313068,0.0019436997,0.011640328,0.0027231695,0.016454624,0.0003098591,0.0004013912,0.00002798809,0.03519217],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9971937,0.00044697625,0.0006551855,0.000470812,0.0007527725,0.00048056143],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99460065,0.0021783041,0.00020824872,0.00009573007,0.0027062187,0.00021083886],"candidate_categories":["sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0047336873,0.0002127098,0.00026344927,0.0009141912,0.001323809,0.00070933823,0.0006303271,0.0007126194,0.0004828319],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005892891,0.0002102877,0.00013763006,0.00088843366,0.00048019792,0.0004900146,0.00010124712,0.00282229,0.0000042296406],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00029194664,0.0002077209,0.0086202305,0.000017107834,0.000079240635,9.958594e-7,0.002827942,0.000014335376,0.000006449545,0.65470034,0.047288455,0.28594527],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00020226864,0.000058051883,0.008750122,0.00011351668,0.000024355902,0.000019063105,0.011824518,0.00041613737,0.000017803119,0.5811184,0.39729154,0.00016422702],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0017459107,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0038869318,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.84325886,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0010085609,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0032316337,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99997634},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4409262732","doi":"10.1007/s40979-025-00188-5","title":"Academic and clinical integrity: undergraduate nursing students’ perceptions","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Educational Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"Qatar National Library","keywords":"Academic integrity; Perception; Psychology; Medical education; Nursing; Medicine; Social psychology","score_opus":0.08083098191398605,"score_gpt":0.5290195315625424,"score_spread":0.44818854964855637,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4409262732","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.33653623,0.00069371326,0.023613907,0.58948284,0.025773285,0.0005882121,0.000107551044,0.000073806674,0.023130454],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9665076,0.0040215566,0.0041754046,0.004652479,0.0049004112,0.000037381255,0.00006158947,0.000014484013,0.015629055],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99698865,0.0005110017,0.00083217636,0.00035779338,0.00094324094,0.00036710838],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99572694,0.002261678,0.00028012606,0.00011150303,0.0013413647,0.00027836728],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0040507154,0.00018842737,0.00025409687,0.00039011298,0.0012016916,0.00045318584,0.0012359215,0.0008769616,0.00028631376],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006052746,0.00018131129,0.00027882078,0.00022104681,0.0008222105,0.0008053877,0.00009146937,0.005838163,0.00003323982],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000114387156,0.0004235196,0.15684085,0.000005635822,0.0002799038,0.0000013047004,0.0025327543,0.00000152801,0.0000322502,0.7218517,0.08952344,0.028392706],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00076736097,0.000045293407,0.13050921,0.00059925154,0.00012095969,0.000061724015,0.010938234,0.00016071825,0.000016977647,0.70379114,0.15273921,0.00024988735],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005741165,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00023989046,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.62997144,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007752392,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0022016943,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99645543},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4409370930","doi":"10.1038/s41562-025-02154-0","title":"Characterizing the effect of retractions on publishing careers","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Human Behaviour","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"York University; New York University Abu Dhabi","keywords":"Publishing; Psychology; Political science; Law","score_opus":0.014387769011394255,"score_gpt":0.3364968878199576,"score_spread":0.32210911880856335,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4409370930","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8571429,0.00013138878,0.0000038802336,0.009982125,0.0012586523,0.0002401684,0.000017942853,0.0000582921,0.13116466],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9958345,0.000010041815,0.000005980145,0.00081575016,0.0002906619,0.000010591605,0.000016475866,0.000005019895,0.0030109563],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986967,0.0003830332,0.00015270576,0.00015509743,0.00040798433,0.00020449523],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99903196,0.0005491458,0.000104357554,0.0001766248,0.000101154306,0.000036736346],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.002245811,0.00008997059,0.0001361744,0.00011851065,0.0010248095,0.00017562082,0.0004942111,0.0013414872,0.00008872581],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0013034698,0.000063271254,0.00010173728,0.00032434054,0.00016176366,0.000342879,0.000034066976,0.005274029,0.0000048042584],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000086692075,0.00007383009,0.2877022,0.0000535542,0.00008699597,0.000012370601,0.022903843,0.0000027848978,0.0073660007,0.5336616,0.13719332,0.010856817],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00078780396,0.00027124299,0.6510462,0.0006176722,0.00032657562,0.0000023544571,0.011173379,0.000004940981,0.020575099,0.0028402216,0.31194603,0.00040843806],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0020141175,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010485491,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5308214,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012054032,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000067707006,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999955},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"incentives","study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"incentives","study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"}],"label_agreement":"agree"},{"id":"W4409526889","doi":"10.5430/wjel.v15n5p220","title":"Unveiling Indonesian Higher Education Students’ English Academic Writing Misconduct in The Era of Technology &amp; AI: Comprehension vs Practice","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"World Journal of English Language","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Indonesian; Misconduct; Comprehension; Mathematics education; Computer science; Psychology; Political science; Law; Linguistics; Philosophy; Programming language","score_opus":0.016704045854867306,"score_gpt":0.36173818348348874,"score_spread":0.34503413762862145,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4409526889","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9387069,0.007842639,0.000019432482,0.015918491,0.0025145405,0.00023530803,0.0000023165676,0.000030098834,0.034730274],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.993023,0.00033331398,0.0007478998,0.003166527,0.0016404116,0.0000043063374,0.0000030561812,0.000008039262,0.0010734383],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99737614,0.00082588143,0.00073411065,0.00015318436,0.0006327521,0.00027791568],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99675506,0.001310558,0.0006079494,0.00017649565,0.0010983312,0.00005157468],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004865898,0.00012646095,0.00030707612,0.00058877905,0.00020910711,0.00007034162,0.0009545641,0.00049312576,0.00011869294],"category_scores_gemma":[0.007791414,0.000102236314,0.00009101232,0.0014806334,0.00020017906,0.0006101721,0.000078080215,0.005563587,0.0000021919877],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00035356652,0.0008350532,0.12316981,0.00015724893,0.00019801207,0.0000737626,0.66903436,0.00013381246,0.002125019,0.12706058,0.040678468,0.036180317],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007426147,0.00003631915,0.0058451495,0.0012683944,0.00011190334,0.0000064983133,0.4175301,0.0000025550355,0.00037540885,0.0017923423,0.5721137,0.00017502288],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00053667784,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005351095,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.53143525,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015263692,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00044120598,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9967306},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4409776768","doi":"10.1136/bmj-2024-082068","title":"Investigating the impact of trial retractions on the healthcare evidence ecosystem (VITALITY Study I): retrospective cohort study","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"BMJ","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Confidence interval; Medicine; Retrospective cohort study; Odds ratio; Clinical trial; MEDLINE; Citation; Evidence-based medicine; Meta-analysis; Scopus; Cohort study; Statistical significance; Publication bias; Clinical study design; Alternative medicine; Internal medicine; Computer science; Pathology; Library science","score_opus":0.10991537025429995,"score_gpt":0.46000333491442535,"score_spread":0.3500879646601254,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4409776768","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96052635,0.00003491017,0.00000743954,0.021349192,0.0006683021,0.0064174156,0.000023557639,0.00003546019,0.010937389],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987489,0.000009888663,0.0000037535729,0.00017786863,0.00044838616,0.00022513806,5.604363e-7,0.000003919024,0.00038159676],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99364746,0.004544751,0.00050185743,0.00026846616,0.0008117224,0.00022574978],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99550134,0.0033292258,0.00035864368,0.00044949396,0.0003074753,0.000053796743],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.019397922,0.00011278009,0.00027789598,0.000045898796,0.0014651001,0.00007468616,0.00052438234,0.0002167174,0.00004871023],"category_scores_gemma":[0.016650116,0.00006042716,0.00013449967,0.00073247135,0.00019021324,0.00015104997,0.000065011685,0.0015750634,0.000008932757],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00029806345,0.00024190286,0.94001293,0.0000050652347,0.0001586066,8.8987e-7,0.038652975,0.000014632683,0.0000031415252,0.00986241,0.010641165,0.00010819972],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00076549995,0.00066328084,0.8689872,0.00013758367,0.000051880343,2.512534e-7,0.12623605,0.000045661705,0.0000057309176,0.002972969,0.0000688884,0.000064978194],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.077995785,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.021623228,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08758307,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006059455,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000854735,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99983484},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4409873082","doi":"10.3138/jsp-2024-1115","title":"Deterring Academic Integrity Breaches: The Roles of Institutions, Academics, and Support Services","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Scholarly Publishing","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Business; Public relations; Political science; Engineering ethics; Engineering","score_opus":0.057431009558487456,"score_gpt":0.33924627141216374,"score_spread":0.2818152618536763,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4409873082","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8847469,0.007999465,0.0015831894,0.07917008,0.0011057385,0.00017904749,0.000017294176,0.000032536,0.025165759],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9916443,0.0037475165,0.0008710453,0.002841389,0.0005671046,0.0000013925652,0.0000016735299,0.0000053132894,0.00032023375],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9972381,0.0005230068,0.0008631791,0.00015378055,0.00092676264,0.00029518362],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9970888,0.0007360594,0.00078095635,0.0001280734,0.0011090811,0.00015702535],"candidate_categories":["scholarly_communication","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["scholarly_communication","research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.018173313,0.00012555251,0.00029587242,0.00038278959,0.000763553,0.0034710197,0.0017371117,0.0014039917,0.000018090164],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0072963457,0.000090330985,0.00011657225,0.0005749644,0.0004552228,0.035969257,0.00026108223,0.015996065,0.0000011714069],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010342463,0.000054911696,0.37551507,0.00017153211,0.0002687475,0.000009935464,0.12580155,0.000024585295,0.0022212525,0.39401424,0.012075803,0.089738965],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007284028,0.000061014292,0.03482892,0.0017333615,0.000234785,0.000086323635,0.17106298,0.000092069415,0.001270306,0.050008148,0.73962146,0.00027223563],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0017229512,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00095499906,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7275457,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017369784,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0012642151,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998924},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4409873136","doi":"10.3138/jsp-2024-1119","title":"Looking through the Assurance Lens: Institutional Governance of Academic Integrity Strategies","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Scholarly Publishing","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Corporate governance; Lens (geology); Business; Through-the-lens metering; Academic integrity; Accounting; Process management; Engineering ethics; Engineering; Finance","score_opus":0.044758271758392455,"score_gpt":0.3312513709131979,"score_spread":0.2864930991548054,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4409873136","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.26931503,0.022017583,0.028890241,0.26108587,0.0050896658,0.00028172342,0.000039591832,0.000047105063,0.4132332],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99111027,0.0034835453,0.0017127271,0.002263012,0.0008773428,0.0000014719453,8.2213637e-7,0.0000045034285,0.0005462928],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99653083,0.0005966136,0.00085126667,0.00015135694,0.0015611022,0.00030882843],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9954046,0.0013053197,0.0010996725,0.00014562873,0.0019883786,0.00005640156],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","scholarly_communication","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["scholarly_communication"],"category_scores_codex":[0.01204865,0.00012431073,0.0002922734,0.00010921242,0.0009045108,0.0049804067,0.0020025345,0.0009869152,0.000047446043],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02731453,0.00008828621,0.00017444974,0.0008558174,0.00064805587,0.09167339,0.00012738991,0.0153375035,0.0000022185077],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003887892,0.000020862004,0.008569864,0.000028237564,0.00006824582,0.0000057957727,0.00957572,0.00017250546,0.00036558992,0.95158756,0.023740873,0.0058258935],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000507914,0.000033161283,0.033200998,0.0017557626,0.00006528318,0.000026896361,0.03247206,0.00003147725,0.00045261066,0.24055077,0.6907318,0.00017124505],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003267441,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004921747,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.72179526,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00034908584,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.004140628,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9960525},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4409873165","doi":"10.3138/jsp-2024-1114","title":"Promoting Academic Integrity through a ‘Pedagogy of Inquiry’","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Scholarly Publishing","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Cape Breton University","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Pedagogy; Sociology; Mathematics education; Psychology; Social psychology","score_opus":0.08337221275963277,"score_gpt":0.4037724410125136,"score_spread":0.32040022825288084,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4409873165","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7419164,0.004560513,0.007262664,0.16896929,0.003660199,0.00023686091,0.0000070400138,0.000049224032,0.073337816],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9904004,0.0007496942,0.0041172463,0.002163728,0.0015255316,0.0000014817707,0.0000012344572,0.00000950404,0.0010311927],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9958563,0.00094913604,0.0012126573,0.0001899435,0.0013634197,0.00042854584],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9948387,0.00082260324,0.0012494161,0.00015108562,0.002778099,0.00016006685],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","scholarly_communication","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["scholarly_communication","research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.022372648,0.0001385945,0.00044051465,0.00044719147,0.0004895703,0.0035531104,0.0018268819,0.0018471172,0.000087314584],"category_scores_gemma":[0.056527294,0.000121842626,0.00021319391,0.001150681,0.00035834813,0.061252445,0.00020830263,0.019917972,0.0000035134358],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012694219,0.00012879404,0.0676708,0.00014238506,0.00022623606,0.000026912225,0.33388913,0.0000073223164,0.0040317317,0.45746922,0.07937399,0.056906532],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010781871,0.0001402712,0.008244553,0.0023407135,0.00015017804,0.00004404261,0.11566893,0.00004719392,0.0029634957,0.27504104,0.59397167,0.00030971927],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002091235,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00012788872,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5145977,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00032117538,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0024656123,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994487},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4409873225","doi":"10.3138/jsp-2024-1124","title":"Leveraging Generative Artificial Intelligence with Transparency: Enhancing Academic Integrity in Higher Education","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Scholarly Publishing","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec en Outaouais","funders":"","keywords":"Transparency (behavior); Generative grammar; Academic integrity; Artificial intelligence; Computer science; Mathematics education; Psychology; Engineering ethics; Engineering; Computer security","score_opus":0.0955611416544958,"score_gpt":0.3529809603280865,"score_spread":0.2574198186735907,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4409873225","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6112816,0.0035615808,0.073049635,0.23011522,0.0048482134,0.00034267962,0.0000034958962,0.00004889919,0.07674868],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98953074,0.0003278716,0.0050691315,0.0024181881,0.0011928274,0.0000047502995,0.0000018802104,0.000007766708,0.001446823],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9969312,0.0006704569,0.00090190093,0.00022598129,0.0009072476,0.0003632366],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9975522,0.0004747384,0.0004852065,0.000099721976,0.0012331129,0.00015500818],"candidate_categories":["scholarly_communication","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["scholarly_communication"],"category_scores_codex":[0.010367704,0.00014545885,0.00028756692,0.0007392859,0.00045453612,0.0046717227,0.00093646895,0.00094072585,0.00015650148],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004152124,0.00012457086,0.00007543366,0.0013725775,0.0001462262,0.035101872,0.00003888153,0.014886444,0.000002767032],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00021841799,0.000180649,0.04594177,0.00004861949,0.00008699849,0.00002558525,0.09527535,0.0003075744,0.0030429265,0.6998271,0.0044351933,0.15060987],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00047807462,0.00016326887,0.026913166,0.0050133565,0.00014880853,0.000029534587,0.16406995,0.00018786897,0.008916325,0.6884746,0.10486104,0.00074402295],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0021482524,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014579772,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.37824917,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007511298,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0039797775,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9963615},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4409873242","doi":"10.3138/jsp-2024-1113","title":"Autonomy, Integrity, and Academic Integrity Support","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Scholarly Publishing","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Cape Breton University","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Autonomy; Data integrity; Territorial integrity; Structural integrity; Scientific integrity; Personal Integrity; Research integrity; Business; Computer science; Political science; Computer security; Engineering ethics; Psychology; Engineering; Public relations; Social psychology; Law; Library science; Politics","score_opus":0.05512154170556225,"score_gpt":0.3527725967982754,"score_spread":0.2976510550927131,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4409873242","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.33497745,0.0034137405,0.0065788524,0.3858186,0.004316461,0.00026587292,0.000016126485,0.000102276164,0.26451063],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97977704,0.0013080486,0.0048286184,0.006787284,0.0014084767,0.000002103226,0.000002790505,0.000011193124,0.0058744205],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9966295,0.0007022464,0.00089909876,0.00022934597,0.0010873094,0.0004525238],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9960751,0.0009040505,0.0005934034,0.00014089409,0.0019207321,0.00036580593],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","scholarly_communication","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["scholarly_communication","research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.025732031,0.00016302103,0.00038626345,0.0006714014,0.0007168617,0.011292598,0.001532477,0.002183586,0.00019897253],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0329589,0.00014319982,0.00015094104,0.00075412466,0.000355317,0.058789793,0.0002932038,0.03673416,0.000009294233],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007219247,0.000054591488,0.17925462,0.000041219562,0.00013303915,0.00004030665,0.022479981,0.0000010208748,0.00039783798,0.5322235,0.1879955,0.07730616],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005483241,0.00006398259,0.020510772,0.00040675784,0.00007852113,0.00005914269,0.01717658,0.000021069138,0.00017090864,0.13731182,0.8234446,0.00020749935],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0021889857,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00024939218,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.64479965,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00059336063,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0044723274,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9991118},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4409903211","doi":"10.3138/jsp-2024-1116","title":"Understanding Academic Integrity at the University of Rijeka: How Student-Oriented Is It?","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Scholarly Publishing","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Structural integrity; Research integrity; Data integrity; Mathematics education; Psychology; Computer science; Engineering ethics; Engineering; Social psychology; Computer security","score_opus":0.12116266544815853,"score_gpt":0.33930084898062013,"score_spread":0.21813818353246162,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4409903211","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.3437864,0.0016742059,0.02647977,0.57009286,0.0018698478,0.00020678455,0.000020661488,0.00002379546,0.055845674],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9861868,0.0012835487,0.00031038682,0.0029925471,0.00031246073,1.07360016e-7,0.0000012999667,0.0000051770785,0.008907653],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99640894,0.0012244692,0.00040510565,0.00016583099,0.0014758387,0.00031982202],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99626863,0.0013506985,0.0007789056,0.00015500105,0.0012887068,0.00015803975],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts","scholarly_communication","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["scholarly_communication"],"category_scores_codex":[0.022912689,0.00011421244,0.0002750426,0.0003173406,0.001509945,0.0025711372,0.0018146294,0.0010746424,0.0002510248],"category_scores_gemma":[0.012557274,0.000090300906,0.0002065459,0.0010114058,0.00046323848,0.024670431,0.00034051834,0.011954588,0.000003596574],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000110502,0.000041858875,0.1293835,0.00002430922,0.00023686945,0.00001663559,0.09366758,0.000008350187,0.00039752526,0.12610698,0.6482817,0.0017241657],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00063117786,0.000042814765,0.0062219375,0.0005127277,0.000120722565,0.0000064380565,0.46683824,0.000030704658,0.000117693155,0.012652745,0.512701,0.00012379796],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010607741,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008078892,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.64240044,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0015528103,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009205811,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99978995},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4409903227","doi":"10.3138/jsp-2024-1122","title":"GenAI and Academic Integrity: Redefining the Role of Writing Centres in a Shifting Digital Landscape","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Scholarly Publishing","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Royal Military College of Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Geography; Sociology; Architectural engineering; Engineering ethics; Engineering","score_opus":0.02266195009763907,"score_gpt":0.2934967210000999,"score_spread":0.27083477090246083,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4409903227","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8927846,0.009376181,0.0001044394,0.029558232,0.00022016333,0.00007702516,0.000005721456,0.000012574828,0.067861065],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99799335,0.0006272821,0.00044473598,0.00050906115,0.00034284694,7.238837e-7,8.0340794e-7,0.0000056497584,0.00007554776],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9975836,0.00038640568,0.00081276556,0.00013861111,0.00074439886,0.0003342012],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9969621,0.0016792413,0.00061330263,0.00008016812,0.00056547817,0.000099766585],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","scholarly_communication","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["scholarly_communication"],"category_scores_codex":[0.013785155,0.00010004045,0.000265563,0.00042287886,0.0004236377,0.0074405526,0.0008681289,0.00072240253,0.000013500569],"category_scores_gemma":[0.03111912,0.000074895885,0.00008328903,0.00075035036,0.00016312322,0.027764922,0.00020880948,0.011410879,5.043753e-7],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000033515018,0.000014594763,0.7891785,0.000020063975,0.000034831486,0.0000071167547,0.025404777,0.0000056756776,0.0002829216,0.116711244,0.00078401266,0.06752278],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012629791,0.00006398325,0.10703245,0.0041805734,0.00008273986,0.00005951265,0.6054656,0.0005167632,0.00040167142,0.17037752,0.11022346,0.00033278446],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011349798,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001663065,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.682146,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013338684,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00054098794,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9935898},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4409903256","doi":"10.3138/jsp-2024-1117","title":"Attitudes Toward Academic Integrity: The Relationship Between Demographic Features, Peer Norms, Learning Profiles, Rates of Academic Misconduct, and Various Attitudes","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Scholarly Publishing","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Misconduct; Academic integrity; Psychology; Social psychology; Research integrity; Peer review; Public relations; Political science; Law","score_opus":0.09570081193200937,"score_gpt":0.3752995323888215,"score_spread":0.27959872045681217,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4409903256","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.86930096,0.01892894,0.00045504552,0.10731005,0.0006013629,0.00029152934,0.000014425455,0.00004365554,0.0030540037],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99295574,0.0019639921,0.0010564981,0.0007401228,0.0009612408,0.0000046712303,0.000010594987,0.00001653609,0.002290596],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99442375,0.0016990966,0.0011992432,0.0003101927,0.0018507756,0.00051692524],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.98963034,0.00648273,0.0012619403,0.00017360055,0.0021967327,0.0002546629],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts","scholarly_communication","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["metaresearch","scholarly_communication","research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.029189026,0.00024871185,0.00055626885,0.0008158363,0.0014307505,0.0045181857,0.0019270057,0.002590954,0.00002271211],"category_scores_gemma":[0.085338876,0.00017776965,0.00020618807,0.0014708628,0.000735983,0.024826033,0.0002894047,0.046981946,0.0000018998478],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003243101,0.000013907937,0.9251637,0.00008365746,0.00015802713,0.000003751093,0.0097935535,0.0000079993515,0.00023492206,0.05063208,0.011078693,0.0027973072],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00039830914,0.000052658168,0.9275175,0.0010446585,0.00019222981,0.000027888545,0.010152303,0.0000027011893,0.00016185475,0.03495059,0.02530649,0.00019286141],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0019675966,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00022604737,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12365476,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020424165,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0013759019,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998692},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"methods","study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"},{"model":"gpt","categories":[],"domain":null,"study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W4409940571","doi":"10.5040/9781666983142","title":"Academic Misconduct and Plagiarism","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"book","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Misconduct; Scientific misconduct; Academic integrity; Political science; Criminology; Psychology; Law; Social psychology; Medicine","score_opus":0.046706266696727256,"score_gpt":0.3143870360814521,"score_spread":0.26768076938472485,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4409940571","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000023865903,0.0024537728,0.00008830709,0.02034496,0.00053643156,0.00027987044,0.000034853972,0.00018270465,0.9760552],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0002612796,0.0059487084,0.0002618625,0.005494031,0.0025277124,0.0000048191805,0.00004542699,0.000027952723,0.9854282],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99812937,0.00017578753,0.0003006469,0.0004484663,0.00056967087,0.00037606576],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998845,0.00047259298,0.00015144509,0.00011818239,0.00006262927,0.0003501543],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010381462,0.00025653883,0.00038786628,0.00007741772,0.000402462,0.00006403816,0.0005006338,0.007019185,0.0025139938],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005767402,0.00024177646,0.00009102744,0.000067922156,0.0006528582,0.00018279908,0.00012791427,0.010448555,0.00078172295],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000033116005,9.715325e-7,0.000009080028,0.000017507507,0.000020766538,0.00000875732,0.0058668214,2.4906578e-8,0.0000052507066,0.34558454,0.64544904,0.0030339202],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000074166404,0.000012638585,0.0000035010355,0.00006960005,0.000044057095,0.0000032675325,0.0009992532,0.000005475664,0.000009420583,0.10318475,0.89531505,0.00027883524],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00084653933,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00022654049,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.249866,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015270017,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0013204347,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999963},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"other","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"other","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"}],"label_agreement":"agree"},{"id":"W4409987423","doi":"10.69520/jipe.v7i1.248","title":"An Innovative Approach to Health Sector Regulatory Compliance Education","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of innovation in polytechnic education.","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Humber Polytechnic","funders":"","keywords":"Compliance (psychology); Business; Psychology","score_opus":0.04244740614080407,"score_gpt":0.3988103426130308,"score_spread":0.3563629364722267,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4409987423","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.50788075,0.0027818074,0.14231993,0.13385692,0.01035436,0.0023258433,0.000015862828,0.00014946758,0.20031504],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.95031565,0.00006749992,0.031697564,0.014568586,0.0007264966,0.00004655154,0.000021508578,0.000009310596,0.0025468464],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9976284,0.00030079583,0.0012470187,0.00018094454,0.00041468185,0.00022816726],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9956805,0.00008767332,0.00094202685,0.00021410547,0.0029913075,0.00008440465],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004944771,0.0001112638,0.00023593295,0.0018608837,0.0002815285,0.00006224379,0.0005111725,0.00029590592,0.000037697344],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0014608181,0.00011679068,0.00002394072,0.008509142,0.00011547396,0.00060415914,0.000017557983,0.0010779566,0.0000048266384],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000022940869,0.00070370967,0.004699064,0.000038521837,0.000010109561,4.7693756e-8,0.013306947,0.000037235113,0.0005203346,0.7930666,0.1032504,0.08434406],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00050985115,0.00022765239,0.16319203,0.0017615565,0.000011767246,0.000018931993,0.09946692,0.000062696614,0.000960007,0.07539895,0.65792036,0.00046926466],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007803629,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000058550002,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7176677,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0012364163,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01691089,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9886623},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4410520192","doi":"10.1111/medu.15695","title":"Everybody hurts: The Reviewer‐Imposed Pain (RIP) matrix","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Medical Education","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University; University of Ottawa; McGill University Health Centre","funders":"","keywords":"Constructive; Matrix (chemical analysis); Set (abstract data type); Psychology; Statistician; Peer review; Process (computing); Computer science; Applied psychology; Medicine","score_opus":0.00943763667609486,"score_gpt":0.3712933571344811,"score_spread":0.3618557204583862,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4410520192","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"commentary","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.005958262,0.008586236,0.004748919,0.8295939,0.007343198,0.00062969193,0.0000022493891,0.00010966386,0.1430279],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.41641346,0.013279368,0.0010984557,0.40089923,0.007379464,0.0002883237,0.00010436033,0.000019981422,0.16051735],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9977006,0.0011515971,0.0002245536,0.00013873228,0.00058658497,0.00019795011],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986005,0.0008493097,0.00006122263,0.00015753975,0.00024074082,0.000090719375],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.009452932,0.00006426397,0.00010340298,0.000041702348,0.00048619966,0.000040842468,0.0004460976,0.000450979,0.0022331257],"category_scores_gemma":[0.047236674,0.000043672102,0.00005269214,0.0003964378,0.00026083257,0.00008589661,0.000026572592,0.00087349245,0.00017625686],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000023201924,0.000046179317,0.00050366693,0.000018906709,0.0000056583244,1.4016939e-7,0.0034902063,5.5852386e-8,0.0000033613287,0.0818546,0.76547825,0.14859666],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000045975685,0.000004956994,0.00040922378,0.00019113492,0.000013255195,2.3633457e-7,0.0048704194,0.00006602523,0.0000044588865,0.009770544,0.984574,0.000049776638],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0027428102,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003332933,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.42869464,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012772305,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003350708,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.998679},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4410564618","doi":"10.3390/jrfm18050285","title":"Student and Practitioner Cheating: A Crisis for the Accounting Profession","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of risk and financial management","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Accounting; Psychology; Political science; Business; Social psychology","score_opus":0.01090610206613105,"score_gpt":0.32575464565596907,"score_spread":0.314848543589838,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4410564618","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5151236,0.008043544,0.38332152,0.06791393,0.0042813737,0.0019659663,0.000014121449,0.000028474642,0.019307462],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9865801,0.009977955,0.0015560212,0.00080407795,0.00043624663,0.000011617831,1.8671447e-7,0.0000021814299,0.0006316429],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99936634,0.00007614603,0.0001969741,0.00006720581,0.00018493598,0.00010838325],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999282,0.00034205845,0.00021193581,0.000034643817,0.00010708603,0.00002224471],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0026990331,0.00004745423,0.00009726768,0.000067080575,0.0009117891,0.00007808763,0.000105368454,0.000102051905,0.000004695222],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004755952,0.000030365845,0.00003798304,0.000111170004,0.000052703683,0.00015609177,0.00005563167,0.00040485748,2.7152302e-7],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001742918,0.00008407454,0.026517633,0.00009177003,0.00007083314,0.000005483744,0.035504416,0.000013637668,0.0000050549875,0.2893356,0.04817905,0.60001814],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004818737,0.000037474678,0.08465653,0.00015542175,0.00020143387,0.000001015602,0.07034784,0.000039656134,0.0000073525775,0.022775972,0.8212352,0.00006026027],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00022065455,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001153163,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.77305615,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002993484,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000044402143,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.70128363},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4410718035","doi":"10.5539/hes.v15n2p437","title":"Reviewer Acknowledgements for Higher Education Studies, Vol. 15, No. 2","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Higher Education Studies","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Higher education; Mathematics education; Psychology; Medical education; Pedagogy; Political science; Medicine","score_opus":0.08075921625705644,"score_gpt":0.4424268396955746,"score_spread":0.36166762343851816,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4410718035","genre_codex":"editorial","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00458956,0.34480292,0.000038565177,0.034327976,0.44107345,0.0017764361,0.000016709118,0.0001866668,0.17318772],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.007119431,0.020505512,0.0010590386,0.009729263,0.01352797,0.0013296041,0.00003177198,0.000015021788,0.9466824],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.998325,0.00024127461,0.0004193641,0.0003893828,0.00028561446,0.00033935433],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9701908,0.0005483015,0.00020043795,0.00025009166,0.028736796,0.000073563024],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009944321,0.00020563407,0.00037784336,0.000148891,0.0010525872,0.000052816544,0.00029661178,0.00028135668,0.0011619844],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0075247497,0.00018230038,0.0001107,0.00054153905,0.0003122165,0.0002724733,0.000090797104,0.00033617855,0.0008446267],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007595707,0.0001871227,0.00139097,0.0002698648,0.00025557878,1.597991e-8,0.0026684548,9.402968e-8,0.000003994967,0.06816481,0.921532,0.005519496],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00013861962,0.000015532056,0.0029969036,0.00045588927,0.00015687577,1.1053232e-8,0.011488438,1.2715647e-7,0.000022427746,0.017424095,0.96712273,0.00017832426],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000120290824,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008205917,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.77349466,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00045522724,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0011501844,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999333},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4410785120","doi":"10.1093/9780199289011.003.0015","title":"Disclosure of Information to the Patent Offices1","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Business","score_opus":0.05068482964632685,"score_gpt":0.25464290631072684,"score_spread":0.2039580766644,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4410785120","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000020708287,0.0000497604,0.00089246844,0.0030248207,0.0003474752,0.00027654745,0.000044545348,0.000022775046,0.9953209],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.017125502,0.000435512,0.00013444235,0.0015749871,0.00034241282,0.0000046964237,0.00003010546,0.000006488864,0.98034585],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991293,0.000028278579,0.00025228976,0.00006752843,0.0004000826,0.00012254927],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993952,0.00007190372,0.00017914237,0.00013677767,0.00015828932,0.000058674086],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.000876494,0.00009487434,0.00013250917,0.000053691376,0.00015940423,0.00002047524,0.00039975691,0.00080652145,0.0038656334],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009438726,0.00005651623,0.000082406004,0.00002472773,0.0001262226,0.00017585266,0.000055496865,0.00070095557,0.0010977515],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000062477134,0.0000015353635,0.000010402927,0.0000070911074,0.000013569039,1.00611636e-7,0.021300685,7.3046374e-7,1.406438e-7,0.91548073,0.05085647,0.012322273],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001934587,0.000017150394,0.00004150879,0.00004302176,0.000017298751,1.5687245e-7,0.0010430026,7.994371e-7,0.000007083627,0.03148959,0.9672373,0.000083768624],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0048561264,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002926682,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9163808,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000032051044,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013098778,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99968},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4410864159","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-90742-5_5","title":"Detecting Deepfake: A Systematic Review","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Information systems engineering and management","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Yorkville University","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science","score_opus":0.015895760838842782,"score_gpt":0.28889093148466455,"score_spread":0.2729951706458218,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4410864159","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[6.3224617e-9,0.9654097,0.007975879,0.000024633744,0.00073774497,0.0035514107,0.000009429365,0.00019132213,0.02209989],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0000014572638,0.9972354,0.000101624166,0.00009131522,0.00006985906,0.0008203296,0.000026801563,0.000007339795,0.0016458663],"study_design_codex":"systematic_review","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99805355,0.00020197016,0.0010137312,0.00012113523,0.000364651,0.0002449527],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989669,0.00026814028,0.00042273133,0.00020187277,0.000068612644,0.00007174149],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0029019522,0.00024032901,0.0011868036,0.00037196826,0.00021043797,0.00022124185,0.00026823007,0.0004271206,0.0000028792213],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00058036804,0.00020371216,0.00015110328,0.00043512083,0.000013989363,0.00039723056,0.00008120083,0.00051208265,0.0000743987],"study_design_candidate":"systematic_review","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[7.115375e-8,7.863783e-7,6.0172023e-9,0.91162354,0.00010931321,9.92509e-7,0.00041870357,0.00001320809,1.6884404e-10,0.02567753,0.0009370158,0.061218835],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000144446585,0.000001185092,5.5743126e-9,0.46007887,0.00055635686,0.0000040306327,0.00031551137,0.000063372696,1.4171635e-9,9.1097434e-7,0.53886116,0.00010415657],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00012642384,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002606603,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5379242,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002026662,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000065320906,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.83071405},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4410960489","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-90091-4_10","title":"From Mega to Micro: Collaborative Strategies for Enhancing Academic Integrity in a College Nursing Program","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Ethics and integrity in educational contexts","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Portage College; Assiniboine Community College","funders":"","keywords":"Mega-; Academic integrity; Psychology; Medical education; Nursing; Business; Medicine; Engineering ethics; Engineering","score_opus":0.06450652900542904,"score_gpt":0.43182222396184544,"score_spread":0.3673156949564164,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4410960489","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.010536761,0.009602971,0.0009972925,0.28268516,0.0047116093,0.0073422957,0.0046388768,0.00011942641,0.67936563],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.49577224,0.00894873,0.030403279,0.014203416,0.0062450017,0.0021790843,0.0016002872,0.00014913158,0.44049883],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99643683,0.00060435955,0.0009473516,0.00083797885,0.0006267005,0.00054680015],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.98936373,0.008536997,0.00031017227,0.00019335828,0.0013708336,0.00022489326],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0054405117,0.0004698866,0.0007675734,0.0005485476,0.00066723814,0.00021033303,0.00059996115,0.005568375,0.00020651674],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006830088,0.00050672,0.00012905395,0.00033676918,0.00084910693,0.00040285283,0.00008273827,0.022165693,0.000012223987],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012897892,0.00008283011,0.00006346567,0.00008097162,0.000037742422,0.000001516407,0.12093119,0.0000010183387,0.000042792602,0.8515153,0.020040741,0.007073482],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002861431,0.00007493439,0.00019231769,0.004618906,0.000030442669,6.6326317e-7,0.055806413,0.000019150537,0.00003802036,0.64973336,0.2887895,0.00041015734],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.012566262,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.13744052,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.48523548,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0013519264,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.016180297,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99973845},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4410960503","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-90091-4_3","title":"Building an Academic Integrity Plan: Our Journey at a Mid-Sized Polytechnic","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Ethics and integrity in educational contexts","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Red Deer Polytechnic; NorQuest College","funders":"","keywords":"Plan (archaeology); Academic integrity; Architectural engineering; Engineering; History; Computer science; Library science; Archaeology","score_opus":0.11095750658679937,"score_gpt":0.4195976745143669,"score_spread":0.30864016792756754,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4410960503","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0067754965,0.015411279,0.00058701885,0.37143648,0.0066782143,0.0017371303,0.00082995964,0.00022827594,0.59631616],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.3712719,0.014818185,0.0016701014,0.009150443,0.003470863,0.00008410835,0.0003728017,0.00007297745,0.5990886],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99519056,0.0009924291,0.0010274823,0.0009284507,0.0012042432,0.00065683364],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99395424,0.0038627759,0.0005231059,0.00038538332,0.0008282901,0.00044620378],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.010519561,0.00058889884,0.0008183116,0.0006321038,0.0014439236,0.00016597663,0.0011625527,0.009794191,0.00061752286],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0097369235,0.00060432736,0.00023378717,0.00017273193,0.0007556025,0.0004785142,0.00030677154,0.052022506,0.00006911179],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009631187,0.000053945743,0.0006038228,0.000086811764,0.000053740136,0.000004646293,0.015313755,6.047852e-7,0.00005510465,0.95544505,0.022869088,0.005417126],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00031222013,0.000045185807,0.00044101058,0.0015515852,0.000054280525,0.000016426759,0.0028672048,0.000037657923,0.000024860477,0.5361535,0.45792612,0.00056995684],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.011840068,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.034032863,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.43505704,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0014159663,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0075064832,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99985605},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4410960520","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-90091-4_11","title":"Strength of Character: Upholding Academic Integrity in Canadian Military Vocational Training","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Ethics and integrity in educational contexts","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Royal Military College of Canada; Université du Québec à Rimouski; Université du Québec en Outaouais","funders":"","keywords":"Vocational education; Character (mathematics); Training (meteorology); Academic integrity; Political science; Psychology; Management; Aeronautics; Engineering; Engineering ethics; Law; Geography; Economics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.09289666731672952,"score_gpt":0.3813171584650936,"score_spread":0.2884204911483641,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4410960520","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.03155075,0.010537924,0.00001021414,0.15505238,0.00283237,0.0009231876,0.0012965155,0.00002702449,0.7977696],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8975804,0.009413485,0.0003376805,0.0029981418,0.0008451671,0.000036644833,0.00053478,0.000022608083,0.08823109],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9966807,0.0005118538,0.0009877753,0.0005559083,0.00071744807,0.00054634735],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9936027,0.004982946,0.0002626261,0.00018765737,0.0006374358,0.00032666247],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.009002484,0.00034529532,0.0006084419,0.0009861654,0.00042881057,0.000030399975,0.0006053685,0.0050658593,0.00087253016],"category_scores_gemma":[0.009798413,0.00039110746,0.00012784258,0.00019109505,0.0009041257,0.00030356186,0.000069193724,0.030331062,0.000012789426],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000017921622,0.000027772392,0.004348242,0.00009858209,0.00002791817,0.000002084667,0.055223312,6.6616917e-7,0.0000049701794,0.92807716,0.0028754463,0.009295925],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003093487,0.000030491134,0.031267468,0.004296625,0.000032787862,0.0000044944863,0.01079205,0.00009422475,0.000006244604,0.5189743,0.4335922,0.00059975253],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.599993,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.87555814,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8660297,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0012087552,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.022511257,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998541},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4410960632","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-90091-4_2","title":"Successful Institutional Change: Lessons on Building a Culture of Academic Integrity","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Ethics and integrity in educational contexts","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Assiniboine Community College","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Research integrity; Institutional change; Culture change; Engineering ethics; Business; Political science; Sociology; Engineering; Public administration; Social science","score_opus":0.13295492284491156,"score_gpt":0.43378160418115547,"score_spread":0.3008266813362439,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4410960632","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0014018876,0.007615827,0.00013272329,0.18193212,0.0026411528,0.0008338318,0.0007773593,0.0000390154,0.8046261],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6425473,0.029028265,0.00076120684,0.008649902,0.0029271005,0.00011516391,0.00036055708,0.000032685057,0.3155778],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9968559,0.00046166114,0.0007091499,0.0005919486,0.0010307315,0.00035059845],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99472696,0.0034844673,0.00040681884,0.00021027033,0.0009958834,0.00017559475],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.005033224,0.0003907236,0.0005909012,0.00048240434,0.0007955372,0.000060909366,0.0006935974,0.006515899,0.0006086879],"category_scores_gemma":[0.007978961,0.00037681073,0.00017692731,0.00016859411,0.0015874194,0.00032107288,0.00014281558,0.03653944,0.000021727377],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000042726635,0.00005924723,0.0005374457,0.00015126141,0.000042048483,0.0000016635036,0.02608649,6.5838395e-7,0.000006721199,0.95727473,0.009994472,0.005802515],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00018133465,0.00004027625,0.00081620266,0.003778788,0.000034732482,0.0000030708334,0.002098906,0.000015833444,0.000017450942,0.5480298,0.4446567,0.00032689396],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0086159855,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00669256,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6411454,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005695514,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00555789,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998684},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4410960664","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-90091-4_7","title":"Student Stress in Community Colleges: Creating Healthy, Ethical Spaces for Learning","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Ethics and integrity in educational contexts","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Bow Valley College","funders":"","keywords":"Stress (linguistics); Mathematics education; Pedagogy; Psychology; Sociology; Philosophy","score_opus":0.08442625696358214,"score_gpt":0.4388754640231844,"score_spread":0.35444920705960226,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4410960664","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.008745354,0.0037103991,0.00009302018,0.25294665,0.0014161883,0.0014381479,0.0003006802,0.000036863083,0.7313127],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.575678,0.008882449,0.0007439302,0.010001997,0.0011194523,0.00018873342,0.0004008598,0.000035987847,0.4029486],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9959463,0.0020211956,0.00065536075,0.00036458526,0.00064589136,0.00036670844],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.97246116,0.026266696,0.0002782436,0.00015136157,0.00070615683,0.00013639987],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.015226087,0.00027446065,0.0005351773,0.00030000377,0.0018670649,0.0001656641,0.00048685342,0.005305139,0.00017879161],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0169182,0.00029420626,0.00010132436,0.00009673387,0.0007802282,0.00010728497,0.00014195102,0.04911361,0.000004726398],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000050592178,0.00010277709,0.0048910994,0.00026008315,0.000023607117,7.019931e-7,0.1152426,0.0000052588384,3.8634056e-7,0.8753122,0.002633351,0.001477326],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005901439,0.00018697027,0.003603721,0.0047977087,0.000029872068,0.0000011630489,0.08940025,0.00007502065,0.0000017534105,0.42562628,0.47519836,0.00048876315],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.030729603,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.16779044,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5669327,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006847093,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0049048713,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999951},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4410960917","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-90091-4_8","title":"Polytechnic Pinch Points for Academic Integrity: Reflections from Student Conduct Officers","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Ethics and integrity in educational contexts","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"SAIT Polytechnic; University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Pinch; Political science; Mathematics education; Psychology; Social psychology; Engineering; Mechanical engineering","score_opus":0.18314566289400552,"score_gpt":0.47129924788415567,"score_spread":0.28815358499015015,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4410960917","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0013983364,0.00919083,0.00063191005,0.3068521,0.005817073,0.0021706077,0.001782722,0.00012194939,0.67203444],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.112683564,0.022269437,0.003071504,0.016694978,0.0041567297,0.00039151002,0.0014112496,0.00008995837,0.8392311],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9963046,0.0005229981,0.00092284835,0.00087005546,0.00088658294,0.0004929305],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9880532,0.009829455,0.0004074589,0.0003185955,0.0011553796,0.00023589538],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.006029365,0.00048126883,0.0006959428,0.0005226257,0.00118274,0.0001492328,0.000865429,0.0072928346,0.0010144818],"category_scores_gemma":[0.008996047,0.00050789374,0.00025254,0.000158129,0.00108482,0.0002803534,0.00017268477,0.03401419,0.000051811603],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005206365,0.000063237676,0.00018749209,0.000054296084,0.00011319622,9.0352637e-7,0.019720059,2.1727352e-7,0.000019143661,0.93665516,0.039727755,0.0034064972],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00022769903,0.000037683356,0.0003685985,0.00090354704,0.00006921534,0.0000016549154,0.0039999243,0.000005379869,0.000009517234,0.46746984,0.52657616,0.00033077577],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01608274,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.04025131,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4868484,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0011042972,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.008840598,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99989873},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4410960952","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-90091-4_5","title":"Faculty Education on Academic Integrity: A Micro-Credential Approach","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Ethics and integrity in educational contexts","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Conestoga College","funders":"","keywords":"Credential; Academic integrity; Psychology; Medical education; Mathematics education; Computer science; Computer security; Medicine; Social psychology","score_opus":0.09570645267223427,"score_gpt":0.41100168513734486,"score_spread":0.3152952324651106,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4410960952","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0005945448,0.002940417,0.00009355628,0.08504322,0.0030361111,0.0008327113,0.00038429003,0.000047821668,0.9070273],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.039142586,0.0057588224,0.0011459324,0.009496286,0.002785189,0.000119253185,0.001435664,0.000040979456,0.9400753],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9961278,0.00064448715,0.00079925364,0.0008849368,0.0010800504,0.00046347658],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99535173,0.0027417645,0.0003859973,0.00029772337,0.0009651056,0.00025767743],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0054020477,0.00051866553,0.00060101814,0.00061598734,0.00096479786,0.00018951684,0.0007980992,0.0077713183,0.0007798844],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0060551576,0.00053201325,0.0002113479,0.00015783937,0.0010459133,0.0002702519,0.0001368408,0.044344436,0.00011785866],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000046623634,0.00013682818,0.00014597178,0.000108501015,0.000044071774,5.3468926e-7,0.017636484,3.0904167e-7,0.0000042148554,0.87054473,0.09875734,0.012574396],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00016958987,0.000030259002,0.0003407418,0.0013501962,0.000043415497,0.0000043601985,0.003662044,0.000010825396,0.000007241427,0.37358028,0.6203831,0.00041797693],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0074160052,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0022698531,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.52162576,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00088812906,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.013008789,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997131},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4410961038","doi":"10.1111/jhn.70072","title":"Phony Data, Real Consequences: JHND Suggestions for Preventing and Managing Fraudulent Research Participation in Human Nutrition and Dietetics Research","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"editorial","venue":"Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Prince Edward Island","funders":"","keywords":"Medicine; Research data; Internet privacy; Data science; Data curation","score_opus":0.19376538582580569,"score_gpt":0.5197512023277314,"score_spread":0.3259858165019257,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4410961038","genre_codex":"editorial","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.33306342,0.1023643,0.0018691679,0.15337174,0.36958468,0.018117357,0.0060336133,0.0002499239,0.015345807],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.42724934,0.283651,0.003395044,0.00008378621,0.28243092,0.0002295611,0.0013098913,0.000064877604,0.0015856179],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99494475,0.0016395615,0.00095288706,0.00044284828,0.0014307802,0.00058919465],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9925892,0.00475455,0.00042527184,0.00021441311,0.0017943949,0.0002222066],"candidate_categories":["sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.015288821,0.0001926479,0.00047904474,0.00093711587,0.00222543,0.0005185371,0.0004366433,0.0012774542,0.000013099485],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0049546785,0.00020607538,0.00006142792,0.00036441704,0.0015198108,0.0004610292,0.00025493203,0.0041797175,3.6076452e-7],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013477948,0.00046160503,0.00019352634,0.0021487467,0.000047317244,0.000024448333,0.0062979334,0.0000010074286,0.00028297803,0.01434375,0.9747172,0.0013467331],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0027518643,0.000765841,0.0002576938,0.008400288,0.00015710646,0.0000040698815,0.017993588,0.00019941558,0.00006838376,0.18333453,0.7857525,0.0003147241],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013958287,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004428429,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.18896468,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002930102,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00045686687,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99907357},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4410961301","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-90091-4_14","title":"Automation, Creativity, and Ethics: Re-framing Academic Integrity in the Training of Music Technology Professionals","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Ethics and integrity in educational contexts","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Douglas College","funders":"","keywords":"Creativity; Framing (construction); Engineering ethics; Academic integrity; Psychology; Engineering; Social psychology","score_opus":0.14462590932993166,"score_gpt":0.4348293114840034,"score_spread":0.2902034021540717,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4410961301","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.021559678,0.009601407,0.000168976,0.588966,0.0012564169,0.0014931962,0.00018668527,0.00005700842,0.37671062],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.93570095,0.006574098,0.0006849126,0.0064004576,0.00047584868,0.00010173916,0.000088092966,0.000021105121,0.049952786],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9956364,0.0015983079,0.00094804825,0.0005383783,0.0009307468,0.0003481447],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9785042,0.019870857,0.00050751003,0.00023169415,0.0008116164,0.00007416557],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.021331389,0.00032547425,0.00062321656,0.00074764306,0.0007508213,0.000060090453,0.00069864833,0.008275624,0.00025768223],"category_scores_gemma":[0.030515738,0.00027398326,0.00008130796,0.00031489044,0.0021589142,0.0002647659,0.00018605975,0.05137245,0.0000039131846],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000116385545,0.000038828133,0.0016469217,0.00017385055,0.00001908872,0.0000010546278,0.20308496,1.9080282e-7,0.0000046709497,0.78641,0.001989459,0.006619396],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00019433381,0.000031804775,0.003985855,0.0047065127,0.000029311343,0.0000055938467,0.06481862,0.00004152392,0.00000591796,0.86697733,0.05893166,0.00027154235],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003980728,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0218201,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9141413,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023306411,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.006616714,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999712},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4410991644","doi":"10.55016/ojs/cpai.v8i2.80233","title":"Academic Integrity Policy and Support Provisions:","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Perspectives on Academic Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Ontario Tech University; St. Lawrence College","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Research integrity; Data integrity; Business; Political science; Process management; Computer security; Computer science; Engineering ethics; Public relations; Engineering","score_opus":0.02734309158742046,"score_gpt":0.3592140596643458,"score_spread":0.3318709680769253,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4410991644","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.066777356,0.0031751296,0.00033384212,0.28293398,0.0013142067,0.0016014852,0.0005252854,0.0004046106,0.6429341],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.94544566,0.007403713,0.00023611286,0.019460458,0.0013963666,0.00006859558,0.000026760386,0.00003159382,0.025930732],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9952947,0.0008776109,0.00063150725,0.0010708697,0.00065274414,0.0014725637],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9965482,0.0010574175,0.0001780308,0.00041861,0.00048662783,0.0013111675],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.004404723,0.00047220846,0.00054714165,0.0015626671,0.0017105531,0.00012137522,0.0013020408,0.0047855848,0.0006123829],"category_scores_gemma":[0.017154075,0.00046755408,0.00018169043,0.001489853,0.0019422733,0.00078916724,0.00014040749,0.029573182,0.00023349847],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":true,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000046967947,0.000021356169,0.0039322604,0.000018461,0.00004678463,0.00001227728,0.030185949,5.9546824e-7,0.00004432437,0.9024321,0.05191002,0.011348925],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00044028676,0.000090329486,0.006770165,0.00035497898,0.00004445689,0.000013826013,0.10113928,0.000070823575,0.00014165841,0.11552227,0.7747982,0.0006137339],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.42990658,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1118352,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8786683,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.004450184,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0135599645,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997776},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4411089294","doi":"10.55016/ojs/cpai.v8i3.79408","title":"Toward a Nuanced Understanding: Faculty Barriers to Navigating Academic Integrity Violations","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Perspectives on Academic Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Conestoga College","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Psychology; Research integrity; Engineering ethics; Medical education; Pedagogy; Social psychology; Medicine; Engineering","score_opus":0.09262262916595014,"score_gpt":0.3911793700104201,"score_spread":0.2985567408444699,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4411089294","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.23372254,0.0010825512,0.015273176,0.4168105,0.003204889,0.0029033958,0.0016353596,0.0008153098,0.32455227],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9800683,0.00048059723,0.00060766115,0.015287021,0.00066201465,0.00009809082,0.000044244563,0.000035714096,0.002716336],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9946081,0.0008694275,0.0007681147,0.0012155075,0.00085516204,0.001683708],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9952936,0.000886021,0.00021923594,0.00041806768,0.00055910076,0.0026239734],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.003928938,0.00054916064,0.00061439694,0.0008348528,0.0029305685,0.00015650771,0.0017062301,0.0041662687,0.0008480233],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0200834,0.00058016443,0.00029152847,0.002304947,0.0011365883,0.00076486066,0.000121127545,0.03470705,0.00026995895],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":true,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006204614,0.000011382156,0.0053439694,0.000014411279,0.00007213619,0.000008924124,0.12848823,0.00002283089,0.00011643493,0.8256525,0.039076928,0.0011302055],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00052643614,0.000079001264,0.0021925806,0.0011593419,0.00007309793,0.0000054597913,0.7009553,0.00041074023,0.0003416992,0.12784754,0.16546313,0.0009456803],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.27865916,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.12451759,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.74634576,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.013464541,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.009183369,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99966496},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4411131767","doi":"10.1007/s10805-025-09649-5","title":"Academic and Research Integrity in Nepali Universities: A Comprehensive Policy Analysis","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Academic Ethics","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Nepali; Academic integrity; Research integrity; Political science; Sociology; Engineering ethics; Public relations; Philosophy; Engineering; Linguistics","score_opus":0.16370928838472076,"score_gpt":0.5127499276515928,"score_spread":0.349040639266872,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4411131767","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7423671,0.0052984036,0.0008771994,0.2323229,0.00034190237,0.00018421002,0.0000129303335,0.000019103814,0.018576229],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.951573,0.042199098,0.00031755766,0.0036696729,0.00055257557,9.4075875e-7,0.0000012018272,0.000005719208,0.0016802185],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9933028,0.0037247327,0.00080069544,0.00022907322,0.0013786722,0.0005639856],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9890288,0.009130599,0.00036365076,0.00012217138,0.0011208298,0.00023391032],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.020804817,0.00014106907,0.0005207254,0.003078166,0.00066522864,0.00004617714,0.0009589743,0.0046853214,0.000031411877],"category_scores_gemma":[0.010128062,0.00013404271,0.00016881035,0.004919259,0.0016500646,0.0005680752,0.00022827779,0.0582147,0.0000034010723],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00020473034,0.00002622111,0.047627877,0.000092494294,0.00043755904,0.00004538422,0.2341573,0.00012806665,0.00051725184,0.70779645,0.0067881336,0.0021785323],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009674882,0.00009450424,0.022137947,0.001146926,0.00040136487,0.000020461353,0.4652787,0.00041506995,0.00021856902,0.2584941,0.25050905,0.0003157881],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.012216582,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010858322,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.44930235,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008626746,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0063888677,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999244},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4411172146","doi":"10.5406/23256672.101.4.09","title":"Blending Human and Artificial Minds: Reflections on Marcel Danesi's <i>AI in Foreign Language Learning and Teaching: Theory and Practice</i>","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Italica","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Philosophy; Cognitive science; Psychology; Foreign language teaching; Linguistics; Epistemology; Mathematics education; Foreign language","score_opus":0.03510197298193037,"score_gpt":0.4161082254524205,"score_spread":0.38100625247049014,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4411172146","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.56525886,0.0009962523,0.00015600787,0.0057980698,0.00011103717,0.00016870337,0.000005078739,0.000101125996,0.42740488],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9963917,0.000106858264,0.00012699995,0.0004456615,0.0002567404,0.0000069230873,0.0000039749098,0.000009341343,0.002651777],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986048,0.00071473466,0.00011939374,0.00022806993,0.00014466663,0.00018838841],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99838406,0.0014712731,0.000029965631,0.000041486994,0.00001018488,0.00006300487],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0033770772,0.00008079119,0.00009196696,0.00010845697,0.0006975541,0.00022589411,0.000049354057,0.00023386862,0.000030170964],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0014697732,0.0000757013,0.000015392021,0.00008635888,0.0002066648,0.00030834175,0.000033842567,0.0013341039,0.000005327235],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000032757496,0.000015896596,0.0002796132,0.000017794262,0.00001143978,0.000037341026,0.07120509,4.920387e-7,0.0045793424,0.9107958,0.0006066101,0.012417806],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00021363789,0.00022697901,0.00060359103,0.00035615102,0.00008180305,0.00011299702,0.3212169,0.0001770016,0.00036593075,0.13581716,0.54042786,0.00040000453],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010671767,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005810305,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.77497864,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000039786904,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000031183816,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.57960916},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4411237045","doi":"10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.15160","title":"Citation Contamination by Paper Mill Articles in Systematic Reviews of the Life Sciences","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"JAMA Network Open","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Citation; Mill; Contamination; Environmental science; History; Library science; Biology; Computer science; Archaeology; Ecology","score_opus":0.04692872264228141,"score_gpt":0.34333756742881316,"score_spread":0.29640884478653173,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4411237045","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.34806147,0.034032505,0.001431447,0.12230541,0.0020363366,0.011568502,0.0000110972305,0.000039555667,0.48051366],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9929544,0.0012530083,0.00017832147,0.0035165336,0.00006905095,0.0000833656,0.0000013544242,0.0000017054622,0.0019422965],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99677396,0.0022501322,0.00044270762,0.0001223887,0.0002480244,0.0001627958],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983222,0.0012324941,0.0002487962,0.000103218044,0.00006986894,0.00002343105],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.013764938,0.00005425756,0.00024167828,0.000031233627,0.00036047498,0.00010055439,0.00074264355,0.00018857587,0.00007892936],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005715516,0.000034799185,0.000038780887,0.0010048229,0.00021072537,0.00044964804,0.000094195486,0.0002651085,0.00001051773],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003443654,0.00007124401,0.07739233,0.0017119398,0.00003596999,3.1485243e-7,0.028164612,0.00031333513,0.00015347976,0.4902994,0.39129546,0.010527474],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002070797,0.00011329912,0.1846403,0.05543144,0.0002710051,7.639561e-7,0.070088685,0.008295704,0.00045346707,0.19685811,0.48103952,0.00073688745],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0027908331,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003497158,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6448929,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000047956953,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00016606718,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.68424195},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity","bibliometrics"],"domain":"methods","study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["metaresearch","bibliometrics","research_integrity"],"domain":"methods","study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"medium"}],"label_agreement":"agree"},{"id":"W4411440405","doi":"10.5430/ijhe.v14n3p33","title":"Evaluating the Psychometric Properties of a Questionnaire on Reasons Influencing Student to Plagiarize and Comparing the Perception of Teachers and Students","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Higher Education","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec en Outaouais","funders":"","keywords":"Perception; Psychology; Incentive; Exploratory factor analysis; Social psychology; Medical education; Applied psychology; Psychometrics; Medicine; Developmental psychology","score_opus":0.059073079801332716,"score_gpt":0.4554786365400095,"score_spread":0.3964055567386768,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4411440405","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98486555,0.0007603117,0.000048486403,0.01252192,0.00096650096,0.00015260484,4.7354268e-7,0.000002429827,0.0006817033],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985995,0.00015081678,0.00012527443,0.00041083235,0.00021206243,0.0000058682367,2.4105103e-7,0.0000021820038,0.0004932125],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985108,0.0002985195,0.00031666725,0.00007273885,0.0007407534,0.000060558003],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988482,0.00016959451,0.00030533058,0.00005441285,0.00059399434,0.000028473063],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0023462223,0.00005338299,0.00009957367,0.00023389731,0.00015956543,0.00007377593,0.00038228085,0.000071366696,0.000009280964],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00073169044,0.000032238488,0.000028756564,0.00021557338,0.00012956036,0.00014631008,0.000046501966,0.0003756501,4.978407e-7],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015803122,0.00022664195,0.8150621,0.000017089706,0.00020583288,1.0716249e-7,0.12776667,0.00025000065,0.0034773888,0.014139243,0.0008624471,0.03783447],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00019603662,0.000081628066,0.9742724,0.0008579666,0.000050362814,0.0000026084044,0.022677002,0.000024671797,0.00008391035,0.0010522881,0.0006654309,0.000035714205],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010777272,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000056561177,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1592103,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017232473,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022987189,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.16320336},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4411532530","doi":"10.1007/s10805-025-09657-5","title":"Correction: Academic and Research Integrity in Nepali Universities: A Comprehensive Policy Analysis","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Academic Ethics","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Nepali; Academic integrity; Research integrity; Political science; Engineering ethics; Computer science; Library science; Public relations; Philosophy; Engineering; Linguistics","score_opus":0.14284122946967148,"score_gpt":0.5002791847549476,"score_spread":0.3574379552852761,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4411532530","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6692873,0.0063787997,0.0020117026,0.27802908,0.0019082226,0.00027075052,0.000012514303,0.000035115114,0.042066474],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9534444,0.037938412,0.0001898838,0.0031826945,0.0008080534,0.0000011133562,0.00000128033,0.000005746534,0.004428421],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9938473,0.0034349258,0.0007498697,0.00022321755,0.0012535005,0.0004911499],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9880713,0.010033795,0.00036339465,0.000111575704,0.0012084323,0.00021149074],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.017365638,0.0001355021,0.00048136528,0.0028274448,0.0007633488,0.00004686828,0.00076551316,0.004349234,0.000037992144],"category_scores_gemma":[0.010989075,0.00013129138,0.00016101275,0.005186873,0.0014595954,0.00056090986,0.00018220732,0.0576289,0.0000034280306],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004065777,0.000046930458,0.081785865,0.00011284587,0.00070119486,0.000064023225,0.35859346,0.0003994269,0.00047651283,0.5061369,0.04582638,0.0054498627],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00087475625,0.00011260798,0.024805058,0.0013227696,0.00040010764,0.00003904881,0.52633137,0.0010998152,0.0002246234,0.11485469,0.32962108,0.00031409145],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.012964674,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014130542,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.39128223,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009812464,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.006149239,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99948496},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"evaluation","study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"},{"model":"gpt","categories":[],"domain":null,"study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"editorial","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W4411850524","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-92534-4_3","title":"The Future of Text-Matching Software: From Detecting Artificial Intelligence to Preventing Plagiarism","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec en Outaouais","funders":"","keywords":"Matching (statistics); Plagiarism detection; Computer science; Software; Artificial intelligence; Natural language processing; Software engineering; Programming language; Medicine","score_opus":0.021832077655200052,"score_gpt":0.291037073097101,"score_spread":0.2692049954419009,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4411850524","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00032129866,0.0027309058,0.17716186,0.007887338,0.0044818986,0.0009835679,0.00010404201,0.00026046802,0.8060686],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.015224092,0.0018728293,0.027424276,0.0014560813,0.008227686,0.00002591884,0.000032750428,0.00007938625,0.94565696],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9973454,0.00017012363,0.00080129877,0.000467572,0.0007667739,0.0004488704],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9958888,0.0029877322,0.00044673134,0.00032111976,0.00023441725,0.00012118932],"candidate_categories":["sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0028395674,0.00030256197,0.00041946018,0.0001229083,0.0015470755,0.00017206061,0.0010914152,0.0023986602,0.0006295728],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001358655,0.00023974777,0.0002525196,0.00012089347,0.00026209463,0.00012323543,0.00031343402,0.0040502427,0.00010791102],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013771342,0.0000029863231,0.0000040482378,0.00001141593,0.000047515226,0.0000015867877,0.0067838617,0.000008494592,0.000011389686,0.5482724,0.0014302557,0.4434123],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000078899,0.000010919493,0.0000013354046,0.0004106927,0.000049945927,2.8858315e-7,0.008542315,0.00001985628,0.00037019496,0.61986417,0.37048903,0.0002333768],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005618839,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.018530026,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.44317895,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014464055,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00046490465,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99975276},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4411859224","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-92534-4_7","title":"Surveillance and Guidance: An Academic Integrity Crossway for Humans Using Generative AI","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec en Outaouais; Université du Québec à Chicoutimi","funders":"","keywords":"Generative grammar; Academic integrity; Computer science; Psychology; Artificial intelligence; Library science","score_opus":0.07766863392453498,"score_gpt":0.3937340639873904,"score_spread":0.3160654300628554,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4411859224","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0006724438,0.0033876293,0.042877514,0.005007963,0.0012748608,0.0012461534,0.0006959515,0.00019020187,0.9446473],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.004559266,0.0021411004,0.0074050864,0.004910652,0.0024634975,0.000023172866,0.0001101919,0.000041094132,0.97834593],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9978309,0.00017760086,0.000488699,0.0006649747,0.00038778278,0.00045000293],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983161,0.0005450428,0.00023778428,0.00021917887,0.000511444,0.00017042672],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0028201693,0.00036454404,0.0005474969,0.00012644462,0.0013274102,0.00015680633,0.00050562865,0.004072241,0.0004651232],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005776402,0.00034453828,0.0001384973,0.00005033931,0.0008804073,0.0003621983,0.00010577878,0.005050877,0.000008104673],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000025675074,0.0000042359316,0.00047213808,0.000043872828,0.000043879,0.0000012559134,0.0036331657,0.0000020136204,0.0000513612,0.9652308,0.027008763,0.0034828251],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001946046,0.000039627277,0.000056462737,0.00021614147,0.000040542684,0.0000012097973,0.00065639056,0.0005652455,0.00006107122,0.24312626,0.75453,0.00051245885],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0030595465,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008479918,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.72752124,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00025849263,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009924651,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999727},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412442268","doi":"10.7202/1118737ar","title":"Academic Integrity in Selected Western Canadian Colleges and Polytechnics: A Policy Analysis","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Educational Administration and Policy","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba; University of Calgary; Assiniboine Community College; Red River College","funders":"","keywords":"Higher education; Political science; Sociology; Pedagogy; Mathematics education; Psychology; Economic growth; Economics","score_opus":0.018565432381618698,"score_gpt":0.36354056053327005,"score_spread":0.3449751281516514,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4412442268","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.47840676,0.00097564195,0.000021486376,0.5016732,0.00015698123,0.00013740822,0.000100425685,0.0000031424554,0.018524941],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9906844,0.0004776902,0.0000917,0.003851828,0.0005307049,0.0000036479753,0.000015431853,0.0000031368913,0.0043414594],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99885756,0.00018789282,0.00038085924,0.00012368454,0.00013377282,0.00031624048],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99828404,0.0002911685,0.0001409056,0.00005638231,0.0003149531,0.0009125591],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008234898,0.00009818695,0.00019290626,0.0029930847,0.0004195679,0.00011542225,0.00019510098,0.0004706648,0.00016001894],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0029112548,0.0001049708,0.00004204966,0.002464012,0.0002856686,0.00022104704,0.0000049622304,0.0012150452,0.0000024638416],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010704937,0.000009605556,0.45473805,0.000007939628,0.000073485106,0.0000040660725,0.00619205,0.0000026188789,0.0000059699782,0.5320731,0.0058173058,0.0010651214],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00020194244,0.000040315408,0.7789027,0.000079567246,0.00008284284,0.000039519975,0.0037053425,0.000022171895,0.0000134636375,0.029740589,0.18701859,0.0001529486],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.8908256,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9903937,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.51227766,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000823723,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.08158876,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9236178},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412520984","doi":"10.1016/j.cjca.2025.07.018","title":"Peer Review, Profit, and Publish: Addressing Inequities in Academic Publishing","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"letter","venue":"Canadian Journal of Cardiology","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba; St. Boniface Hospital","funders":"","keywords":"Medicine; Publication; Publishing; Peer review; Library science; Advertising; Law","score_opus":0.08922424626198287,"score_gpt":0.3409952157240992,"score_spread":0.2517709694621163,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4412520984","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"commentary","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"commentary","genre_consensus":"commentary","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00009780019,0.037281524,0.00003753805,0.84036046,0.0024189544,0.00018565489,0.0000834353,0.0000058896126,0.11952875],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.005283969,0.016053585,0.00008327746,0.9291736,0.028025439,0.000012191958,0.000120812394,0.000026756734,0.021220392],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9955741,0.0017197342,0.0008580848,0.0002509574,0.0007369307,0.00086015125],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9965001,0.00081860553,0.0005798019,0.00014536554,0.0015783436,0.00037780395],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.012881349,0.00022415475,0.0010989689,0.0011597949,0.00031545307,0.00048936665,0.0011206206,0.0054007084,0.00006726314],"category_scores_gemma":[0.031625867,0.00021437848,0.00019069358,0.00042897253,0.00073572184,0.0013937516,0.0000534863,0.021854091,0.0000023727343],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000020506775,5.0001262e-8,0.004912657,0.00025852962,0.000051378116,0.00045980187,0.0019633016,0.0000026023113,2.048591e-7,0.00095711526,0.9875962,0.0037961158],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00011930023,0.000011550481,0.0004246651,0.0034322792,0.00008181442,0.00015875412,0.0012397273,3.6551148e-7,2.8341742e-7,0.003668491,0.99067366,0.00018908951],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02282346,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.015019857,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.098308355,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00066411064,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.011084938,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9958905},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412759825","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-95686-7_9","title":"Faculty Perspectives on Academic Dishonesty: Evolving Beliefs and Opportunities for Learning at Two Canadian Research Universities","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Ethics and integrity in educational contexts","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Academic dishonesty; Dishonesty; Psychology; Medical education; Engineering ethics; Mathematics education; Pedagogy; Political science; Cheating; Medicine; Engineering; Social psychology","score_opus":0.23914130003827017,"score_gpt":0.4551001724116717,"score_spread":0.21595887237340156,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4412759825","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.005053902,0.0073529896,0.000006715662,0.20108518,0.00047951625,0.00056673423,0.0006197726,0.000020570908,0.7848146],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.2076653,0.01233623,0.000060046867,0.0010665199,0.0006357464,0.000024737205,0.00027807636,0.000016326689,0.777917],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9976672,0.0005573441,0.000260154,0.00047453356,0.0006082291,0.00043256034],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9900655,0.008185239,0.00010841656,0.000095145624,0.0012669418,0.00027871528],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0067711836,0.0002314025,0.0002961796,0.00066374784,0.0029888107,0.0001348297,0.00029271675,0.002319714,0.00032582524],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0047772173,0.00025053145,0.00006636746,0.000061058556,0.0016382948,0.00023350689,0.00011228266,0.016626215,0.0000069294106],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000026766847,0.0000067375786,0.00022821642,0.000054134154,0.000025912504,0.0000020987175,0.13978568,7.46554e-7,3.7830404e-7,0.84235346,0.015654827,0.0018610626],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00014478946,0.00004832426,0.00040844613,0.0010271035,0.000014689061,0.000001851111,0.21264668,0.000024490515,9.391273e-7,0.17146027,0.61398584,0.00023655972],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.16594258,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.38086534,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6708932,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0020870706,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.009886391,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999947},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412761482","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7234434/v1","title":"Discursive legitimation strategies of academic misconduct consulting agencies in Mainland China","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"Research Square","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Legitimation; Misconduct; Mainland China; China; Political science; Business; Public relations; Law; Politics","score_opus":0.10724949593878222,"score_gpt":0.46443218173644163,"score_spread":0.35718268579765944,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4412761482","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.646529,0.0037830558,0.0005546288,0.007073098,0.00058181904,0.0024030276,0.0005842275,0.00007282135,0.33841828],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9924048,0.0033841233,0.00024042373,0.00001181415,0.0002813313,0.000094952724,0.00010453916,0.000008458633,0.003469567],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.99450177,0.0024145038,0.00054311997,0.00045550437,0.0013679008,0.0007172083],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99706227,0.0017575804,0.00021735913,0.00026544335,0.00059088756,0.00010648087],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.009019753,0.00019007541,0.00041983998,0.00065447076,0.0004659173,0.00014844393,0.00091725215,0.0019971936,0.00019876115],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006123467,0.00017959418,0.00011444461,0.0007264658,0.0011595448,0.0003593697,0.00058652135,0.009576397,0.00001342178],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011687461,0.00008668745,0.016943565,0.0048399693,0.000101653444,0.000040297014,0.45362577,0.0024881992,0.0005414629,0.5057024,0.009021407,0.0064917174],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00045261244,0.000059530637,0.014268876,0.007948881,0.000023755956,0.0000010653714,0.66763514,0.0013115034,0.0007891622,0.29903644,0.008039669,0.00043335365],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.027825398,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002677094,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.34587574,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005538456,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0047129537,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9992984},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4413041880","doi":"10.1080/08989621.2025.2542197","title":"AI disclosure, moral shame, and the punishment of honesty","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Accountability in Research","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Artificial Intelligence in Medicine (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Honesty; Shame; Transparency (behavior); Psychology; Punishment (psychology); Constructive; Perspective (graphical); Narrative; Social psychology; Process (computing); Law; Political science; Computer science","score_opus":0.10953065969817855,"score_gpt":0.4822537312601409,"score_spread":0.3727230715619624,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4413041880","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8547173,0.00042317083,0.00001791873,0.085683495,0.0001258064,0.00068318314,0.000010777917,0.000010816596,0.058327522],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980212,0.0003927811,0.000024775216,0.00052209676,0.000048862294,0.000047599522,0.0000015137946,0.0000021176643,0.0009390851],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9964663,0.0018488104,0.00027657548,0.00022181566,0.0008087014,0.0003778391],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9962835,0.003028119,0.000029597868,0.00027621206,0.00033962645,0.00004294869],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.024393415,0.0000632701,0.00018860218,0.0001225648,0.00041188288,0.00007876083,0.0005385655,0.00033763202,0.00013179777],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0035643624,0.00004240441,0.000040177347,0.0008698033,0.003631497,0.00020259667,0.00025295527,0.0019455338,0.0000065153813],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002355228,0.00008648157,0.44663644,0.000049170856,0.000010335985,6.7999406e-7,0.017381182,0.0000018326642,0.000010601006,0.52684516,0.0051758303,0.0035667978],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011545091,0.000028909104,0.30528906,0.00011134792,0.000009014176,3.4099932e-7,0.04927852,0.00025375123,0.00015929305,0.58401746,0.05958318,0.00011459509],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.095867254,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.022395257,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.14330386,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001622598,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004824844,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99908006},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"methods","study_design":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"methods","study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"medium"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W4413270134","doi":"10.1016/j.ajpe.2025.101484","title":"Incorporation of Responsible Conduct of Research Education in Brazilian Graduate Pharmacy Programs: A Qualitative Assessment","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"National Cancer Institute; Fundação Oswaldo Cruz; European Commission; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center","keywords":"Pharmacy; Medical education; Qualitative research; Graduate education; Graduate students; Psychology; Engineering ethics; Medicine; Sociology; Engineering; Family medicine; Social science","score_opus":0.26196384976753073,"score_gpt":0.6396625568327032,"score_spread":0.3776987070651725,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4413270134","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9631251,0.00034909928,0.0004705079,0.024245735,0.00076566555,0.00047698207,0.0000034057814,0.0000060569414,0.010557419],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9923499,0.0006025869,0.006154124,0.00030913256,0.00016283657,0.000020477648,0.000007595414,0.00000559657,0.00038773374],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9933808,0.0044908486,0.00087029464,0.00015174042,0.00085905433,0.00024727438],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9952295,0.001376001,0.00077557017,0.000101117155,0.0023665507,0.00015128028],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0130097745,0.000091860056,0.00032274032,0.00089433213,0.00012806401,0.000027134804,0.00033334404,0.00008852515,0.000064673295],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002367098,0.00008830664,0.00007982671,0.0023061794,0.0014535964,0.00044146943,0.000028241964,0.0015377883,0.0000020984737],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00090923154,0.0024427497,0.014730545,0.00015142834,0.00008011126,9.908774e-7,0.114114255,0.000010071864,0.009183059,0.13946936,0.004505593,0.7144026],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010445192,0.0006800809,0.010732847,0.0013837252,0.00011749689,0.0000072931184,0.81888837,0.000233159,0.018153356,0.10867537,0.039868813,0.00021496836],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0057384945,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00019796134,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7141876,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00049703626,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.02232279,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.98321974},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4413509826","doi":"10.64628/aam.wwdgwwp3r","title":"Artificial intelligence is getting better at writing, and universities should worry about plagiarism","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary; Brock University","funders":"","keywords":"Worry; Psychology; Mathematics education; Engineering ethics; Engineering","score_opus":0.047542021484674235,"score_gpt":0.31749016239881805,"score_spread":0.2699481409141438,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4413509826","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6929465,0.0008215377,0.005637263,0.04519759,0.00043833116,0.000103561884,0.00001922495,0.0001363855,0.2546996],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.94235843,0.00060547044,0.0032806022,0.013310775,0.0008738265,0.0000020196246,0.000010668751,0.000012823862,0.039545402],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984844,0.00019941707,0.00023318922,0.00030788488,0.0003806897,0.00039443595],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990875,0.00047933563,0.00006466267,0.00010869823,0.00013211179,0.00012767769],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009429653,0.000119584714,0.00015299578,0.000054906537,0.0010873472,0.00015052933,0.00018520473,0.0007738643,0.0046028197],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016427517,0.0001249732,0.000061017174,0.00019659987,0.0004334637,0.00029886706,0.0001896149,0.0011578981,0.00012542865],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000032049356,0.000045796034,0.018705936,0.00004410234,0.00007582075,0.0002005789,0.17374453,0.000006415453,0.0011153598,0.6196859,0.053221513,0.13312198],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000081455095,0.000026100286,0.0013057027,0.00017622802,0.00007211862,0.00003053406,0.44547638,0.0009285258,0.04029913,0.05959586,0.45119193,0.0008160409],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0019900985,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0020233507,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.56009007,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001471557,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00020468049,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99630713},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre":"commentary","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"commentary","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"medium"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W4413859228","doi":"10.5539/hes.v15n3p426","title":"Reviewer Acknowledgements for Higher Education Studies, Vol. 15, No. 3","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Higher Education Studies","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Higher education; Mathematics education; Psychology; Pedagogy; Medical education; Political science; Medicine","score_opus":0.08215458718126277,"score_gpt":0.4425717552931697,"score_spread":0.36041716811190694,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4413859228","genre_codex":"editorial","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00467102,0.34326187,0.000039750572,0.034483686,0.44416732,0.001786791,0.000016885178,0.00018725281,0.17138542],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0072822925,0.020213827,0.001065887,0.009688877,0.013442577,0.0013256029,0.000031019455,0.000014990244,0.94693494],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983248,0.00024112916,0.00041936457,0.00038949784,0.0002857386,0.00033944854],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.96987575,0.0005513424,0.0002003043,0.0002503175,0.029048653,0.00007360512],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009991953,0.00020566858,0.00037779234,0.00014893615,0.0010524268,0.000052811636,0.0002965897,0.00028133212,0.0011552351],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0076097525,0.0001823125,0.00011071362,0.0005417472,0.00031224196,0.00027249692,0.00009074615,0.00033618626,0.0008622665],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007690548,0.0001873655,0.0014382472,0.00027233604,0.00025574182,1.5777234e-8,0.0026703044,9.3764825e-8,0.0000041473922,0.06684443,0.9228589,0.005460728],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00013931059,0.000015481497,0.0030206009,0.00045956747,0.00015578455,1.0911695e-8,0.011527705,1.279439e-7,0.000022992059,0.017313153,0.9671669,0.0001783876],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00012044699,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000082132094,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.77554953,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004568389,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0011556937,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99991566},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4414183857","doi":"10.1007/s10639-025-13718-y","title":"Taking notes with artificial intelligence (AI)-based technology and academic integrity: perspectives from online learners","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Education and Information Technologies","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Athabasca University","funders":"","keywords":"Accountability; Educational technology; Usability; Copying; Critical thinking; Blended learning; Qualitative research; Higher education; Cognitive reframing","score_opus":0.029353544537528913,"score_gpt":0.3512165937698792,"score_spread":0.32186304923235026,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4414183857","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5540418,0.0024674023,0.07866361,0.3561125,0.00038671584,0.00049072684,0.000027165852,0.0013244138,0.0064856578],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99084413,0.0013221919,0.006616471,0.0010801894,0.000033372988,0.000028038487,0.000025818572,0.0000023912107,0.000047380177],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992597,0.000037808506,0.00024647967,0.00015186037,0.0001406811,0.00016345599],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992522,0.00022022985,0.00017277901,0.000112056965,0.00021964601,0.000023116845],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032877387,0.00010860572,0.00012583098,0.00083587045,0.0004388547,0.000115930576,0.00022757534,0.0008382293,0.000030451403],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003248147,0.000093215545,0.000013202395,0.00092662405,0.0010464574,0.0011252001,0.00005650572,0.001744492,0.000007035947],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000115965,0.00001680017,0.0038854994,0.000008242924,0.000006426053,3.362363e-8,0.008840863,0.0000036412919,0.0000250723,0.5095492,0.0001282104,0.47752443],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000057943776,0.000038302693,0.0013377855,0.00017944003,0.000016570966,8.996209e-7,0.8058071,0.000699428,0.0038158528,0.1546267,0.033258513,0.00016145945],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00094984117,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00022065955,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.79696625,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009308795,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00060513156,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7579047},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4414277806","doi":"10.1177/00332941251379435","title":"A Pre-Registered Examination of the Relationship Between Personality, Stress, and Academic Cheating in the Age of Online Learning","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Psychological Reports","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Academic integrity; Academic dishonesty; Narcissism; Psychological intervention; Big Five personality traits; Personality; Checklist","score_opus":0.15618638708719196,"score_gpt":0.4377183676017605,"score_spread":0.28153198051456857,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4414277806","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97410876,0.00015788864,0.000101563404,0.003141717,0.00005565256,0.00020567373,0.0000031932816,0.000008653652,0.022216873],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99918,0.000034403318,0.000076822194,0.00012080108,0.00005051462,0.0000050426943,0.000008519006,0.0000011821494,0.0005226778],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99800706,0.000998713,0.00041785487,0.00016284222,0.0003025042,0.00011101072],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9974783,0.0020262776,0.0003222511,0.00012021406,0.000039117465,0.0000138593205],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004801284,0.000052377243,0.00013039987,0.000035459096,0.00019715757,0.000009446251,0.00018611035,0.00042804983,0.000010062828],"category_scores_gemma":[0.012369722,0.000031038497,0.00004004437,0.00035134144,0.00040149697,0.000053286898,0.000043837084,0.00145551,7.454921e-8],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000036363178,0.000026471653,0.97401786,0.000019383102,0.0000028463294,0.000003022824,0.014253705,0.000003173139,0.000040668034,0.0074272514,0.000025911708,0.0041760537],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000056395576,0.0000142156505,0.9782314,0.00018272261,0.000011369827,0.0000022144122,0.0041740923,0.0000055816918,0.000011644013,0.016891321,0.00038958897,0.000029505092],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006724717,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00022331519,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.025071252,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000021199448,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002640757,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9959495},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4415099214","doi":"10.1111/1748-8583.70019","title":"The Case for Expanding the Domain of Registered Reports: Confronting Academic Dishonesty and Declining Confidence in Science","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Human Resource Management Journal","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Guard (computer science); Scholarship; Scope (computer science); Public domain; Construct (python library); Publication; Dishonesty; Human resource management; Quality (philosophy)","score_opus":0.04566082018049587,"score_gpt":0.38643600943931994,"score_spread":0.34077518925882405,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4415099214","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.92337096,0.001310346,0.0040300465,0.006735976,0.0003308818,0.00070370856,8.900055e-7,0.000016649852,0.06350055],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99655366,0.00032745945,0.0003222957,0.00027934212,0.0001240362,0.000015666217,2.1880513e-7,0.000004318371,0.0023729866],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9980045,0.00030569438,0.0006694016,0.00022699425,0.000385594,0.00040779324],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981108,0.0009653317,0.00056842866,0.00020227766,0.00009180276,0.00006139029],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.022755694,0.000091216265,0.00015281289,0.00018428909,0.0048845885,0.00034317578,0.0006013727,0.00012739035,0.0000063267535],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0012718628,0.00005980447,0.000052609277,0.0003731341,0.001592735,0.00018726375,0.00021450299,0.0011148666,1.4118761e-7],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000684399,0.000016266822,0.023752296,0.00009374851,0.0000593042,0.0007366182,0.055141874,0.000037395286,0.00024001386,0.8908754,0.00430239,0.024676269],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007396319,0.00003507193,0.005494737,0.0011643362,0.0000784991,0.00057746336,0.57055265,0.00017755126,0.00007888665,0.25065082,0.17024565,0.00020472922],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002811252,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00059835793,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6402246,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011625198,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009518707,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9964109},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4415116317","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-98157-9_4","title":"From Healthcare to Higher Ed: A Five-Level Framework for Fostering Academic Integrity","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Ethics and integrity in educational contexts","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Misconduct; Academic integrity; Higher education; Health care; Best practice; Cheating; Scientific misconduct","score_opus":0.2022590668297688,"score_gpt":0.45204411315747806,"score_spread":0.24978504632770926,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4415116317","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00066277327,0.008372118,0.004148051,0.7696834,0.009350118,0.002150373,0.004202427,0.00008384661,0.20134689],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.09794646,0.01104654,0.025986593,0.058005717,0.011785943,0.00050229684,0.0010052978,0.00010798192,0.7936132],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99655277,0.00043450788,0.0008186348,0.0008857615,0.0007604048,0.0005479084],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9846953,0.013263683,0.0002979966,0.00030385202,0.0010657522,0.00037338247],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.004475118,0.00046890537,0.0007067472,0.0003675641,0.0008520094,0.00014466804,0.00081945874,0.008829611,0.00086727244],"category_scores_gemma":[0.011770461,0.0004985543,0.00019743555,0.00012630179,0.00046671476,0.00021342692,0.00031089783,0.034595795,0.000064130974],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007562777,0.000026197622,0.0001456762,0.00012956692,0.000046584075,7.7920123e-7,0.04077862,2.3073756e-7,0.0000014497516,0.89881736,0.04490572,0.0150721595],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001058457,0.000030630978,0.00046691447,0.0026182157,0.000021794629,4.2589005e-7,0.0021072624,0.000004595624,0.0000021869607,0.582166,0.41217193,0.00030417478],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.03590311,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.019076295,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7116777,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007879758,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0047830543,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997466},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4415122066","doi":"10.1007/s40979-025-00202-w","title":"Reducing undergraduate students’ trust of commercial contract cheating websites with an academic support literacy intervention","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Educational Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Academic integrity; Reputation; Psychological intervention; Certification; Intervention (counseling); Literacy","score_opus":0.03674219879460586,"score_gpt":0.4593670395512566,"score_spread":0.42262484075665074,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4415122066","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.92391825,0.00017371285,0.009186697,0.053568494,0.005839723,0.00045286227,0.00013344553,0.00003422811,0.0066926014],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98768663,0.00016636166,0.0031936818,0.001012148,0.0018993322,0.00003716392,0.00018325537,0.000012996287,0.005808455],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99713176,0.00036687875,0.0008759384,0.00027369027,0.0010395308,0.00031218442],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9953767,0.0011094015,0.0006374432,0.00011568522,0.002599101,0.00016168338],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0036600218,0.00018388756,0.00027313313,0.00039535767,0.0006218147,0.0003297246,0.0012410557,0.00041476573,0.00069493335],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0023017433,0.00016614197,0.00021878349,0.0002425125,0.0002968376,0.0016840511,0.0000632766,0.0024084786,0.000010293489],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.001572272,0.001494734,0.40946507,0.00006722139,0.000867965,0.000005011934,0.016594235,0.00007985427,0.0005560715,0.49512395,0.019474719,0.054698866],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005650784,0.0009679925,0.37988365,0.003902781,0.0004487833,0.00022445562,0.022851517,0.0016319759,0.0033768874,0.40511534,0.17491306,0.001032785],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0027459837,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005199934,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.15543835,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00064152805,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0015248182,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999893},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4415696757","doi":"10.3102/0013189x251385537","title":"The AI <sup>3</sup> Model: Future Directions for Artificial Intelligence, Assessment Innovation, and Academic Integrity","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Educational Researcher","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Winnipeg; Brock University; Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Generative grammar; Academic integrity; Educational assessment; Higher education; Authentic assessment; Generative model","score_opus":0.11844690400859628,"score_gpt":0.48632596521768284,"score_spread":0.36787906120908653,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4415696757","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"commentary","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.011736977,0.0009764442,0.05085587,0.89365345,0.001083484,0.0009376893,0.00006992324,0.000046364774,0.040639777],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.77537876,0.006805347,0.013845261,0.008024214,0.011693395,0.0018615149,0.00026737447,0.000037564565,0.18208657],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.998255,0.0003244769,0.00030850904,0.00024377395,0.00052128267,0.0003469713],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99619067,0.0023654774,0.00005317895,0.0001280397,0.001182829,0.000079805875],"candidate_categories":["sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0057182703,0.00009003482,0.00009038596,0.00020689893,0.002330009,0.00018457547,0.00039032902,0.00050589343,0.00027040017],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00567624,0.000070610884,0.00003952016,0.0011196632,0.0005820662,0.00024330556,0.000066071836,0.0030575853,0.000010950002],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018188395,0.00003202395,0.0006161375,0.000007400556,0.000018153718,1.6417278e-8,0.0034695507,0.00005987125,0.000007223436,0.8232033,0.12443716,0.048130937],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001801478,0.000005565785,0.0008425052,0.00001517941,0.000004903895,1.400178e-7,0.009179128,0.011786557,0.000017120707,0.5463374,0.43174323,0.00005024637],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00067752507,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006227284,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.88562924,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00032877675,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0047261724,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9992424},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4415802279","doi":"10.1080/13562517.2025.2583456","title":"Neurodiversity and academic integrity: toward epistemic plurality in a postplagiarism era","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Teaching in Higher Education","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"University of Calgary","keywords":"Higher education; Research methodology; Knowledge production; Discourse analysis","score_opus":0.05738837636974892,"score_gpt":0.3717563087212384,"score_spread":0.31436793235148947,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4415802279","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8727336,0.00048517872,0.000040578063,0.09441218,0.0014985655,0.00026351938,0.0000036884524,0.00006257759,0.030500127],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99246955,0.00021079235,0.00030584226,0.0024257058,0.00017782097,0.00001378067,0.000012467211,0.0000044718845,0.004379545],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99783134,0.0010510347,0.00029735637,0.00032458888,0.00020755328,0.00028812946],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992754,0.0004133891,0.00008473072,0.00012358218,0.000033566408,0.00006935427],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0032306532,0.00012236122,0.00018413246,0.00031799547,0.0002933671,0.000052377185,0.00031655395,0.00086791994,0.00006205413],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007227479,0.00013411028,0.000029803687,0.0003556302,0.0001728887,0.0005059914,0.00008728251,0.0068967342,0.000010761727],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000026777585,0.00008442361,0.5754453,0.00004509185,0.000004341521,0.0000014426776,0.049314145,0.0000023202192,0.000076986464,0.359976,0.004026186,0.010997033],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002609198,0.000009596143,0.8496635,0.00030769748,0.000015324591,0.0000012697433,0.009434939,0.000037915022,0.00001052585,0.09255513,0.047508128,0.00019507941],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.05610697,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0020308716,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2742182,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005648195,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00057642657,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9953944},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["research_integrity","sts"],"domain":null,"study_design":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre":"commentary","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W4415896902","doi":"10.1016/j.tsc.2025.102051","title":"Colloquial engagement theory with AI awareness (CET-AIA): A new creative pedagogical framework for ethical assessment in the age of artificial intelligence","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Thinking Skills and Creativity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Global Affairs Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Honesty; Sociocultural evolution; Normative; Cognition; Deception; Generative grammar; Empirical research","score_opus":0.0749133597293107,"score_gpt":0.4381027646963655,"score_spread":0.3631894049670548,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4415896902","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.13776289,0.000066647764,0.84086424,0.011800033,0.00011724454,0.00076116755,0.000017451766,0.000026281356,0.008584062],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9862831,0.00012053917,0.010767371,0.002110318,0.0001683643,0.00005560547,0.000008087843,0.0000054132356,0.0004811897],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9968219,0.0017862628,0.0002922755,0.00029866368,0.0005051929,0.0002957051],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9925092,0.0070694475,0.00011556176,0.00015220718,0.00010413302,0.000049454506],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.008411754,0.00015647085,0.00034015146,0.00006784228,0.00082732935,0.0001267621,0.00037810515,0.00071723975,0.00008515356],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0016561713,0.00010124874,0.000069325644,0.00037750343,0.00074169127,0.00009824739,0.00007928176,0.0025211526,4.88974e-7],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017288642,0.00021010257,0.0054754945,0.000025786258,0.000035584082,0.000005462689,0.11822988,0.000027033078,0.000008415104,0.8599351,0.000117855736,0.015756404],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00013965301,0.00017031874,0.008398143,0.00041811817,0.00006117527,5.387184e-7,0.035814986,0.00010822563,0.00016721005,0.9522417,0.002346018,0.00013390246],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0033470625,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0028958458,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8485202,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008235278,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00085899245,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99978006},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4415953551","doi":"10.34172/rdme.025.33263","title":"Education on whistleblowing in medicine: A scoping review","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Research and Development in Medical Education","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia","keywords":"Thematic analysis; Inclusion (mineral); Preparedness; Scope (computer science); Grey literature; Higher education; Best practice","score_opus":0.09700595560527173,"score_gpt":0.5339105605559067,"score_spread":0.436904604950635,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4415953551","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.08720333,0.08523527,0.00012955078,0.39086467,0.0018003538,0.0024151397,1.8869878e-7,0.000035967798,0.43231553],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5049906,0.41160712,0.0023576021,0.061922844,0.0012358564,0.0016651626,0.00011144484,0.000019404544,0.016089974],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"systematic_review","domain_scores_codex":[0.99766713,0.00054413604,0.0003299215,0.00020921977,0.0009607396,0.00028887205],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99880564,0.0007489716,0.000025621675,0.00007234529,0.00017141238,0.0001759854],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.011395661,0.000057385572,0.00014656839,0.0004915706,0.00025527235,0.000019502862,0.00019388931,0.00025476425,0.00054152566],"category_scores_gemma":[0.017685033,0.000050812774,0.0000062158183,0.00095666194,0.0002392359,0.00009547244,0.000036376387,0.0011560797,0.000023076696],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015646787,0.0003580278,0.009092732,0.0021427446,0.0000030699443,0.0000017922953,0.014375401,7.678602e-8,0.0000018686732,0.07646937,0.07707776,0.8204615],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00047367925,0.000048046655,0.015558461,0.46948797,0.0000027133772,0.0000014935799,0.024146361,0.000018351382,0.000032284788,0.024554811,0.46545914,0.00021669938],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0027172198,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003129715,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8202448,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00046484478,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.022960946,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99058944},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416109732","doi":"10.1145/3776558","title":"Did Alice Do Wrong? Cross-Cultural Differences in Student Perceptions of Generative AI Use in University Computing Education","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACM Transactions on Computing Education","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"The Scarborough Hospital; University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Perception; Cultural diversity; Higher education; Generative grammar; Coding (social sciences); Cultural competence; Power (physics); Generative model; Ethical code; Cross-cultural","score_opus":0.028390498847919506,"score_gpt":0.3817625841504599,"score_spread":0.3533720853025404,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4416109732","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97419894,0.000035210025,0.019546999,0.002810429,0.0012282401,0.00030326826,0.0000068118934,0.00003374249,0.0018363781],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9956725,0.0000727452,0.0026885846,0.0003143578,0.000094506875,0.000002402292,0.000014240345,0.000003779109,0.0011368451],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984721,0.00051577453,0.00030851332,0.00028567918,0.00021602817,0.00020188747],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99870753,0.0006077814,0.00011957827,0.00017476469,0.0003434115,0.0000469316],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006105407,0.000116978226,0.00017366551,0.0003859587,0.0006701198,0.00013145796,0.00037413606,0.0002609249,0.000043198645],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002271598,0.00012895602,0.000061053826,0.0008963024,0.00022390984,0.00048336657,0.0000137949355,0.0007984365,0.0000041640524],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005032491,0.0020165623,0.6743362,0.000046159028,0.000040417275,3.6421656e-7,0.18118194,0.0067799734,0.00021716833,0.025809878,0.00059455074,0.108926445],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00025266883,0.00003064034,0.8556384,0.0004066246,0.000024719997,5.7930595e-7,0.13992494,0.0012578174,0.000100102516,0.0011477481,0.0010436032,0.00017213637],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.017771471,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008520977,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.18130219,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00062760233,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0010682251,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9887693},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416152088","doi":"10.1016/j.jagp.2025.10.004","title":"Authorial Integrity in the Age of Artificial Intelligence: A Scientific Autobiography","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Microsoft","keywords":"Obligation; Biography; Scientific writing; The Internet; Personally identifiable information; Quarter (Canadian coin); Academic integrity; Professional writing","score_opus":0.018726651715872476,"score_gpt":0.33240396378731324,"score_spread":0.3136773120714408,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4416152088","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9208302,0.0014646414,0.020069849,0.02398813,0.021018693,0.00039540458,0.000019454863,0.000024171673,0.012189439],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99346113,0.00021632011,0.004579156,0.00040304934,0.0012632515,0.0000027437852,0.0000016592606,0.0000049021746,0.00006778005],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99650973,0.001179523,0.0010251628,0.00019839923,0.00073073927,0.00035643025],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980369,0.00059016416,0.00079900573,0.00021995796,0.0002829674,0.00007095956],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.008951693,0.0001380202,0.00042872853,0.0010681927,0.000400564,0.00013089721,0.0012438037,0.000258746,0.00006094265],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000834799,0.00010057569,0.00036094213,0.0055317124,0.0018563842,0.00018574488,0.000038147467,0.0022144685,0.0000042506704],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00066301925,0.0007813319,0.049729366,0.00004105896,0.0001534241,0.000021870284,0.046234984,0.000027441927,0.00018717226,0.6926314,0.02686644,0.18266244],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00042099392,0.00082986924,0.027931085,0.00036895776,0.00027567538,0.00002563071,0.23525205,0.000054181306,0.00007766426,0.6473119,0.08700423,0.0004477456],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0022127328,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010754511,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.18901706,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000072468436,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0017932798,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9620887},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416222729","doi":"10.2196/73469","title":"Evaluating the Performance of DeepSeek-R1 and DeepSeek-V3 Versus OpenAI Models in the Chinese National Medical Licensing Examination: Cross-Sectional Comparative Study","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"JMIR Medical Education","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Licensure","score_opus":0.09535028815819191,"score_gpt":0.5095570624048554,"score_spread":0.4142067742466635,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4416222729","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97687036,0.00016017052,0.00009877437,0.0068695107,0.00081615854,0.00067819125,0.0000012771692,0.000014313197,0.014491252],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980798,0.00004592491,0.00007758229,0.0009779405,0.00045985292,0.00015236145,0.000011949476,0.000003274943,0.00019136045],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99544173,0.0012434159,0.0004323809,0.00022549604,0.0024824843,0.00017451175],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.996555,0.0026294068,0.00014043655,0.00010412786,0.00048942,0.00008164329],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.012273962,0.000100262805,0.00015036348,0.000106102765,0.00074496976,0.00008129619,0.0005004768,0.00034840067,0.00020704424],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00582799,0.000063414474,0.000029655303,0.0007155316,0.00065196416,0.00036186632,0.00007297118,0.0011538304,0.000004347924],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00039932074,0.0019325,0.39088458,0.00007477812,0.00009102599,0.0000012703213,0.45386145,0.0005921033,0.00000806858,0.10082626,0.0019894491,0.049339216],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009590117,0.00012559428,0.8495862,0.000115118666,0.000012024255,0.000004113785,0.041865356,0.1035266,0.0000020740824,0.0033415882,0.0003720416,0.000090260284],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00085689645,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014602046,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.45870164,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001729887,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003509265,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.69770694},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416263102","doi":"10.55016/ojs/cpai.v8i4.81528","title":"Applying Text Analysis for Detecting Academic Misconduct on a Statistics Exam","year":2025,"lang":"","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Perspectives on Academic Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Mount Saint Vincent University","funders":"","keywords":"Levenshtein distance; Similarity (geometry); Misconduct; Plagiarism detection; Academic dishonesty; Component (thermodynamics)","score_opus":0.05064526208466842,"score_gpt":0.3563301917343592,"score_spread":0.3056849296496908,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4416263102","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.22214957,0.026130484,0.11574785,0.1395803,0.017342491,0.027235964,0.025530774,0.0011193863,0.42516318],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96479386,0.0041528903,0.0013359333,0.013165521,0.0019932806,0.0007722168,0.00010523772,0.000092513816,0.013588569],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9891566,0.0018000221,0.0018052494,0.0027758416,0.0012858922,0.0031763725],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9881106,0.007066459,0.000867618,0.0008968203,0.001237554,0.001820932],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.008523388,0.0012832966,0.0017952096,0.004280518,0.0043652286,0.00030431466,0.0027377903,0.009485421,0.0012946062],"category_scores_gemma":[0.022533203,0.001402658,0.0010383113,0.0057447935,0.0018827111,0.00071179995,0.00014014632,0.042459607,0.00027412974],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":true,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004637553,0.00009422822,0.0035125092,0.00015605573,0.0026033,0.000023400877,0.06134695,0.00033360848,0.00018773964,0.8498497,0.045396145,0.036032606],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0018525269,0.00062598457,0.0035422223,0.0018645378,0.0041631106,0.00000767601,0.48403025,0.013521721,0.0011149776,0.07667576,0.40963218,0.0029690708],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.23367509,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.16024242,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7731739,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.010452007,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00858132,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999919},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416338022","doi":"10.51746/9789612977238","title":"ENRIO 2025: Congress on Research Integrity Practice. Research Integrity, Power Dynamics and Safe Institutional Culture","year":2025,"lang":"","type":"book","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research; HORIZON EUROPE Framework Programme; Ministry of National Education and Religious Affairs; Women's College Research Institute; Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada; Berlin University Alliance; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; European Commission; Hellenic Academic Libraries Link","keywords":"Research integrity; Relevance (law); Research ethics; Power (physics); Government (linguistics); Human research","score_opus":0.11471740377226099,"score_gpt":0.4620217972183235,"score_spread":0.3473043934460625,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4416338022","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00036463593,0.0019100284,0.00049732724,0.06975239,0.0045525543,0.003115657,0.0009038271,0.00011324004,0.91879034],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.021703415,0.025459664,0.0017553612,0.002449998,0.0017640165,0.00016242187,0.0005850565,0.00006423615,0.9460558],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9650945,0.014674681,0.0017721066,0.003378274,0.01169918,0.0033812576],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.954695,0.02674414,0.000571143,0.0013212516,0.015387495,0.0012809604],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","sts","scholarly_communication","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.06445053,0.0013979626,0.0017158998,0.0023365659,0.010624547,0.0022112548,0.003998513,0.01732967,0.0065240115],"category_scores_gemma":[0.04354077,0.0011026912,0.00040492558,0.0032836946,0.021397859,0.0020950637,0.0028233444,0.13083848,0.0013495098],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":true,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0012430773,0.00045558938,0.00015137647,0.00022869257,0.000341474,0.00022395562,0.0077254446,0.0000027422384,0.000002212935,0.6236755,0.36137673,0.004573159],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00089425157,0.0013137767,0.00007317314,0.0040547904,0.00012910481,0.000075670156,0.065442115,0.0004770676,0.000022412563,0.07155321,0.85488373,0.0010807168],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.025865069,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.032176863,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.55212235,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00862056,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.031924684,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998771},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416557103","doi":"10.55016/ojs/cpai.v8i5.81226","title":"From plagiarism to progress: Assessing remote delivery of a post-discipline academic integrity intervention","year":2025,"lang":"","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Perspectives on Academic Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"University of Manitoba","keywords":"Academic integrity; Misconduct; Academic dishonesty; Intervention (counseling); Academic institution; Learning development; Higher education; Institution; Academic achievement","score_opus":0.02733416348570393,"score_gpt":0.36272744976499594,"score_spread":0.335393286279292,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4416557103","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8028079,0.014545897,0.0026151128,0.14250349,0.005433436,0.0030972601,0.004059932,0.00026302453,0.024673903],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9820512,0.0035977978,0.0017823934,0.006174041,0.0023592287,0.000052442298,0.00017691488,0.000097519434,0.0037084413],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9864552,0.0029372692,0.0030401514,0.0029721342,0.0018894563,0.0027057887],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9887775,0.0032843638,0.0013909456,0.0012126882,0.0029586228,0.0023758556],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.009018387,0.0014732978,0.0020550266,0.0031940828,0.0018748231,0.0003656377,0.0042420942,0.014507001,0.0016525389],"category_scores_gemma":[0.018644504,0.0015813237,0.0011406412,0.003885098,0.0033446462,0.0021538248,0.0007211181,0.06796023,0.0003188946],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":true,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0021561752,0.0010608134,0.017374733,0.0006688707,0.0018331333,0.0001616527,0.44473553,0.0000388993,0.0049747163,0.20186013,0.08649521,0.23864016],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0025911087,0.0009889263,0.031411786,0.019522894,0.001011723,0.000016137921,0.7940516,0.004543422,0.004062157,0.07392449,0.06488898,0.0029868144],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.67785615,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.17393583,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5039203,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.009908606,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.011734951,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99980164},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416607654","doi":"10.5256/f1000research.6480.r7411","title":"Referee report. For: Every scientist is a memory researcher: Suggestions for making research more memorable [v1; approved with reservations 1, http://f1000r.es/500]","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Faculty of 1000 Research Ltd","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Alberta","keywords":"Work (physics); Government (linguistics)","score_opus":0.2588369043586124,"score_gpt":0.4826989401503139,"score_spread":0.2238620357917015,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4416607654","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.17597876,0.0012655102,0.011133695,0.5868063,0.00078815565,0.015211283,0.0068214205,0.00050927355,0.20148557],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.26669094,0.000228613,0.040132124,0.00034263707,0.0016689732,0.0026482637,0.0021872509,0.00016915081,0.68593204],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.98494023,0.0023822011,0.00087105593,0.0012090642,0.00808784,0.0025096065],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9677033,0.004788299,0.0002944478,0.0012935711,0.025066692,0.00085373316],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["metaresearch","sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.07945599,0.00028911774,0.0005715084,0.0011978574,0.004682374,0.00054506265,0.0023597851,0.0010652257,0.00020234687],"category_scores_gemma":[0.054405466,0.00025385758,0.00022226357,0.00383378,0.0046078316,0.0010520036,0.00061786355,0.0040063644,0.00008456747],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009010891,0.00025808124,0.0013541778,0.0002459291,0.00010306596,0.000039867195,0.021200135,0.000047065532,0.0007528394,0.048626788,0.92503345,0.001437538],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001186376,0.00055147073,0.0005263903,0.0004996876,0.000025698917,0.000017494622,0.05729407,0.0011833056,0.0018260593,0.022021962,0.9145222,0.00034529975],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.023084007,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.016713632,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5864637,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0011350882,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0079544075,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99999136},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416613148","doi":"10.1080/02602938.2025.2587246","title":"What should we be assessing exactly? Higher education staff narratives on gen AI integration of assessment in a postplagiarism era","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Calgary Laboratory Services; Brock University; University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Higher education; Narrative; Qualitative research; Professional development; Semi-structured interview; Focus group; Educational assessment","score_opus":0.11281127226536691,"score_gpt":0.49540280718684077,"score_spread":0.38259153492147385,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4416613148","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.53853786,0.0014194744,0.00089997135,0.29815227,0.01665317,0.003179238,0.000011040987,0.00008901145,0.14105797],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9815541,0.00056327065,0.00313843,0.0036911825,0.0004630474,0.0008635154,0.0003892441,0.00002335266,0.0093138525],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9930885,0.002947254,0.0011204153,0.00068602496,0.001734975,0.00042283113],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9970575,0.00069619576,0.000623391,0.00041199586,0.0011117116,0.0000991878],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.006313928,0.00033902223,0.0004279833,0.0011753656,0.00036146192,0.0005433304,0.0004172318,0.00093246327,0.0024617892],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020460229,0.00035055084,0.000099831996,0.0016572009,0.0001776194,0.0032974926,0.000047911093,0.0021052673,0.000007966151],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006242713,0.0035811204,0.024454437,0.000115605966,0.00006542753,4.5838098e-7,0.03261785,0.00058768335,0.0030473762,0.78374994,0.022506768,0.12921092],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010320309,0.00015924264,0.6647667,0.0026193396,0.00012121153,3.421576e-7,0.115502164,0.0012776474,0.0004483693,0.14779405,0.06572633,0.0005525155],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0029456455,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012349014,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6403123,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0036980554,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.011979359,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998946},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416816556","doi":"10.5539/hes.v15n4p574","title":"Reviewer Acknowledgements for Higher Education Studies, Vol. 15, No. 4","year":2025,"lang":"","type":"article","venue":"Higher Education Studies","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Higher education; State (computer science); Viet nam; University education; Quality (philosophy)","score_opus":0.08141700312580857,"score_gpt":0.43591751021078756,"score_spread":0.354500507084979,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4416816556","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0016090438,0.46565786,0.000019619447,0.022924004,0.44454798,0.0019000688,0.000031281168,0.00008526505,0.06322489],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.008173574,0.107670315,0.00083225867,0.013411304,0.028903255,0.0022088878,0.000057632053,0.000035988745,0.8387068],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99533695,0.00071473804,0.0013200134,0.001101501,0.0006684168,0.0008583987],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9164068,0.0014254948,0.00077608053,0.00064739294,0.08053935,0.00020484682],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0021574877,0.00066002115,0.0011372764,0.00035905596,0.0024433092,0.00016524467,0.000750833,0.0009067373,0.0042656413],"category_scores_gemma":[0.014180392,0.0006145244,0.00036354575,0.0015421255,0.0009756063,0.0006453823,0.00032533772,0.0010391385,0.002707396],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000032804983,0.00080518296,0.0013153868,0.0016642279,0.0013437946,4.9400498e-8,0.0062795207,2.9477417e-7,0.00000621404,0.05726004,0.91918045,0.012112039],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00036681347,0.000067342626,0.0029908398,0.002483021,0.000929351,3.7524305e-8,0.028702807,7.210165e-7,0.00003696553,0.02254757,0.9413349,0.0005396334],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00015602594,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007572586,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7754819,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0012548172,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0035147753,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99963063},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416829178","doi":"10.55016/ojs/cpai.v8i6.81117","title":"Teaching and learning at the intersection of artificial intelligence, academic integrity, and assessment innovation: A rapid scoping review protocol","year":2025,"lang":"","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Perspectives on Academic Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary; University of Winnipeg","funders":"","keywords":"Protocol (science); Situated; Intersection (aeronautics); Systematic review; Best practice; Accountability; Protocol analysis","score_opus":0.058263222778197024,"score_gpt":0.4176942297246086,"score_spread":0.3594310069464116,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4416829178","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0875414,0.041621946,0.0067884545,0.3994018,0.0036205607,0.20401414,0.00029409162,0.00032683767,0.25639078],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9196,0.03782728,0.00096935855,0.01676456,0.0017632187,0.016911155,0.000038714166,0.00009725324,0.006028445],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.988661,0.0055550844,0.0022449899,0.0014647385,0.000938647,0.001135536],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99413013,0.0028138154,0.0012116194,0.0004307751,0.0009445458,0.00046909155],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["sts","research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.022657936,0.00075690326,0.0011414856,0.0011499273,0.0042610867,0.00016868235,0.0011048153,0.0035222487,0.0008041987],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01481423,0.00065101945,0.00022036002,0.0025171514,0.0033686077,0.0008821943,0.00050782796,0.07519487,0.000018833452],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":true,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016675387,0.000047343216,0.0010158469,0.0031175867,0.00016016704,0.0000040066657,0.043238793,0.0000044022377,0.00015452394,0.74453545,0.0030742502,0.20448089],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008196804,0.0011616471,0.002171535,0.1947034,0.00067965477,0.000099721976,0.5731301,0.005414172,0.00092185696,0.100402914,0.11819758,0.0022977584],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.13293475,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.05642423,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8320586,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0046613286,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0074630314,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995941},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W56880762","doi":"","title":"Plagiarism self-reported rates, understandings, and education among teacher candidates in a faculty of education","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scholarship at UWindsor (University of Windsor)","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Medical education; Psychology; Teacher education; Pedagogy; Higher education; Mathematics education; Medicine; Political science","score_opus":0.029276412480083787,"score_gpt":0.2954307200729875,"score_spread":0.2661543075929037,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W56880762","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9814534,0.0004679871,0.00002375859,0.00089093973,0.00025565768,0.00030010456,0.00001765718,0.000035652734,0.016554845],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9940609,0.00017089868,0.0006351474,0.000049582926,0.00009034982,8.405921e-7,0.000069066155,0.000009649868,0.004913579],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983014,0.00041111553,0.00024138836,0.0002501104,0.0004267764,0.00036924458],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99888504,0.00011986827,0.0003912687,0.00016619402,0.00019405696,0.00024357034],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0023959957,0.00014843472,0.00026232764,0.00033654444,0.0004627909,0.000024460498,0.00029399918,0.00088772917,0.0003057527],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00037712246,0.00018154558,0.00006851449,0.0005244572,0.00047152262,0.0015427965,0.00009217198,0.0010384539,0.000013382559],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000057563055,0.0002901387,0.93232596,0.000039499366,0.000053351556,7.817876e-7,0.059831504,4.6328162e-7,0.00040524022,0.004480519,0.0013911326,0.0011238416],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00045234783,0.00002439021,0.9047473,0.0001519459,0.000113284084,0.0000044486615,0.082159534,0.000010958983,0.00045025838,0.0024013673,0.009248988,0.00023517822],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.015564364,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005936233,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.027578667,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004902554,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008354432,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99099106},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":[],"domain":null,"study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"methods","study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W59263885","doi":"","title":"Designing a vortal for detecting Java programs cyberplagiarism","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Conference on Internet Computing","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Java; Programming language","score_opus":0.0755772918499983,"score_gpt":0.3508650255070308,"score_spread":0.2752877336570325,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W59263885","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.10892453,0.00002510725,0.41918334,0.0013645883,0.00350053,0.00063511776,0.0000061116866,0.00026147018,0.46609917],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9789008,0.000007721322,0.016835326,0.0004126421,0.00058333663,0.00002044786,0.000016402282,0.000020426514,0.0032028877],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9977273,0.00030275213,0.00043329102,0.0004395994,0.00057273684,0.00052431994],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982658,0.0006767037,0.00026713853,0.000112853995,0.0005437097,0.00013378676],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0023552491,0.00020651748,0.00020565366,0.00014837983,0.00040375724,0.00039738134,0.0006535684,0.00043786477,0.00036336097],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002259005,0.00021645859,0.00014545272,0.00013150323,0.00016752798,0.00021414652,0.00005726145,0.0010737746,0.00008121773],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004496952,0.00006563426,0.0021180112,0.00000775628,0.00008376719,0.000008499282,0.013100775,0.000048399503,0.00054960407,0.93135047,0.000722589,0.05189951],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0036959539,0.0010768085,0.0005110077,0.002847462,0.000117549775,0.00011896157,0.06605522,0.25238574,0.03514658,0.15573432,0.47948825,0.0028221535],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010229453,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00045734178,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8699763,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022156764,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022599963,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8826925},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W597326641","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0127556","title":"Misconduct Policies, Academic Culture and Career Stage, Not Gender or Pressures to Publish, Affect Scientific Integrity","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"PLoS ONE","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":272,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal; Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Publication; Misconduct; Scientific misconduct; Academic integrity; Honesty; Psychology; Publication bias; Social psychology; Law; Political science; Medicine; MEDLINE; Alternative medicine","score_opus":0.3281499515299024,"score_gpt":0.3703277328567112,"score_spread":0.04217778132680883,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W597326641","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9521645,0.0013480794,0.000029224857,0.010875727,0.0005155314,0.0008435759,0.00023447898,0.00019195389,0.033796966],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8964328,0.00015726757,0.0012293808,0.002067094,0.0010054699,0.00003719337,0.000028309063,0.000019315296,0.09902316],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9968004,0.00046097222,0.00024542367,0.0005011629,0.0013693104,0.00062273064],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982488,0.00021077525,0.00009561856,0.00026013955,0.00050660135,0.00067803083],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0034717533,0.00019864978,0.0003186576,0.00016374676,0.0006450046,0.00055215426,0.0007144064,0.0010767691,0.00029397962],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0061754696,0.0001514311,0.000043285847,0.0006011615,0.0006054765,0.00075642706,0.00022357069,0.0027009167,0.00009250614],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00023019634,0.0003818349,0.019641038,0.00018911735,0.00029172326,0.000013851033,0.3007066,0.0000050497524,0.014603664,0.03408693,0.6290972,0.0007527506],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00077194493,0.00021029239,0.0031522096,0.00029475195,0.00027642513,0.0000044644103,0.05009492,0.00006980047,0.021680973,0.0036098165,0.9189747,0.0008596827],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0062772376,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0035651452,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.28987747,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015715805,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000719719,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995999},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6884623220","doi":"10.11575/cpai.v1i1.43363.g30993","title":"Editorial","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Calgary","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Work (physics); Context (archaeology)","score_opus":0.00989704838721948,"score_gpt":0.2335221875941465,"score_spread":0.22362513920692703,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6884623220","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.018669935,0.000014254645,0.0030210495,0.00091251294,0.029017176,0.00005612466,0.0000027357635,0.000043367723,0.9482629],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7024715,0.000282714,0.0063371295,0.00047888406,0.22850986,4.2906183e-8,0.0000097938655,0.000008607076,0.061901454],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995714,0.00006410961,0.000027928423,0.0000556488,0.00019084832,0.000090094],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99971163,0.00005344767,0.000024671936,0.00004349272,0.00012035582,0.00004639249],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032963676,0.0000221069,0.00004634047,0.000023384684,0.0002899439,0.0000026390073,0.00017590898,0.00027283523,0.0009867421],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009074197,0.000026679058,0.000027718608,0.00006827885,0.0005593501,0.00009119705,0.000026637932,0.00020836048,0.00013339866],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000043976335,0.000010267539,0.0005154845,0.0000014725068,0.0000067643346,0.0000015327081,0.015866404,2.9924557e-8,0.000083771774,0.09181889,0.88744885,0.004202531],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009748251,0.000020691883,0.00018012687,0.000004524446,0.0000053833296,7.1058324e-8,0.0026536342,0.000010364136,0.00005729421,0.001868933,0.9950687,0.00003274297],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008803781,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001141167,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8863614,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000026480011,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012104346,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999265},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6884625926","doi":"10.11575/cpai.v6i1.76921","title":"So it Happened… What Now?","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Calgary","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Misconduct; Academic integrity; Framing (construction); Academic achievement; Learning development; Higher education","score_opus":0.01924722871125473,"score_gpt":0.24817020200780332,"score_spread":0.2289229732965486,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6884625926","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.17707418,0.00031534696,0.0022229413,0.05711152,0.0009888036,0.0002591259,0.000010842439,0.00033328947,0.76168394],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.53815633,0.025578568,0.0021576416,0.0036773116,0.00045541336,2.3386127e-7,0.000085475134,0.000020889209,0.42986813],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993329,0.00009438461,0.000050449922,0.000102016005,0.0002445205,0.0001757142],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996187,0.00013942624,0.00003616358,0.00007413853,0.000057123667,0.00007441743],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00054494437,0.000041704112,0.00008657656,0.00007382022,0.00047165263,0.000021795388,0.00028925444,0.00029543825,0.0009597801],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000056110788,0.000051234758,0.000060516726,0.00025406643,0.00038331625,0.00042478158,0.00007194809,0.00031062693,0.0008606265],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000792542,0.00004207563,0.0031306148,0.00003098921,0.00006338599,0.00015524145,0.1156616,0.000014319585,0.0002895735,0.19862314,0.6106953,0.07121448],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00011496544,0.000009819521,0.0010394522,0.000033315435,0.000010554096,3.114334e-7,0.04371531,0.00018636555,0.00004862351,0.0021173141,0.9526556,0.00006838652],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004541294,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0028875235,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.36108217,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000039620052,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001622286,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99995345},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6884628878","doi":"10.11575/prism/41676","title":"Using Generative AI Ethically: Teaching, Learning, and Assessing in a Postplagiarism Era","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"Open MIND","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Generative grammar; Session (web analytics); Inclusion (mineral); Ethical issues; Key (lock); Perspective (graphical)","score_opus":0.08235221380432693,"score_gpt":0.44553485430208006,"score_spread":0.3631826404977531,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6884628878","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0027795325,0.00032247053,0.0005360697,0.0033378878,0.0004260516,0.00053533807,0.00002010235,0.000029199837,0.99201334],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0040417127,0.0005123064,0.028044667,0.0006057351,0.0010273388,0.00001142195,0.000025587227,0.00040222,0.965329],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99683636,0.0015489818,0.00026522487,0.0005295339,0.00040149715,0.0004184084],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990773,0.00040395913,0.00025014614,0.00010649315,0.000037753838,0.00012433328],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0046104994,0.00023606763,0.00041534757,0.00024959166,0.0006165174,0.00080647366,0.00047380492,0.003012187,0.0045087365],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0016082039,0.000236441,0.0000425999,0.00020320981,0.00031899553,0.00032354097,0.00029182053,0.008753254,0.00020218034],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003674626,0.00014082222,0.012076926,0.000053133255,0.00025952636,0.00043279195,0.21353182,0.000042711523,0.0003243921,0.011928062,0.26094264,0.50023043],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00019716048,0.000015256866,0.00008253307,0.0007164696,0.000028728842,0.0000034898387,0.005549291,0.00040347883,0.000009433026,0.00051144283,0.99214494,0.00033775484],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.057728563,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.049916144,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7312023,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016554105,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007268928,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99828213},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6884638606","doi":"10.11575/cpai.v6i1.76517","title":"Broken Circle: Exploring Indigenous Perspectives of Academic Integrity","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Calgary","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Indigenous; Stewardship (theology); Institution; Academic integrity; Reciprocal; Indigenous culture; Structural integrity","score_opus":0.03519413544425242,"score_gpt":0.2565311930082418,"score_spread":0.22133705756398936,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6884638606","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95349646,0.00054227014,0.00091958395,0.0006154576,0.00018165108,0.00015947371,0.000026282953,0.000044607397,0.04401419],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973191,0.0008141285,0.00034358868,0.00003480118,0.000046128935,4.0086138e-7,0.0000044841754,0.0000039837323,0.0014334001],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986939,0.0003603905,0.00011513248,0.0001608357,0.000467968,0.00020181698],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994029,0.00018236472,0.00013565869,0.000102793565,0.00010260567,0.000073708725],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010250264,0.000059895763,0.00017101152,0.0001412127,0.00076583715,0.0000022889412,0.00059311214,0.00022592196,0.0009166164],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015016257,0.00008546708,0.000096288364,0.0002965369,0.00047585016,0.00024796324,0.00022372557,0.0022334862,0.0000057736315],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015013949,0.00011119398,0.016562315,0.000028466477,0.00006366437,0.000025874348,0.89650154,0.000029115216,0.0005685703,0.06428756,0.0013091983,0.020362359],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000370285,0.00011329126,0.019394172,0.00002893969,0.000044645687,0.000003728363,0.8910796,0.000050905877,0.00033619063,0.0036599995,0.08471964,0.00019861733],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.026327541,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003663001,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08341044,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00027000462,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00044225427,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99999666},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6884638738","doi":"10.11575/cpai.v5i2.75649","title":"Cheating: It depends how you define it","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Calgary","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Reputation; Perception; Academic integrity; Higher education; Mistake","score_opus":0.02029246994032534,"score_gpt":0.2319652809509841,"score_spread":0.21167281101065877,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6884638738","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.094018765,0.00013462694,0.0020044826,0.053913184,0.0002988704,0.00014674237,0.000030232855,0.000069552625,0.84938353],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9144666,0.00012599243,0.0013670673,0.0010549518,0.00007813485,1.9845383e-7,0.00002631768,0.000004930217,0.08287581],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99903053,0.00021164483,0.00005372182,0.00012749317,0.00039911282,0.00017750676],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99960494,0.000116920404,0.00006712141,0.00008474866,0.00005200257,0.00007427776],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007311156,0.000051951505,0.00010615958,0.000062249004,0.0009913062,0.0000073460346,0.00039527976,0.00016449667,0.003669043],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000114913695,0.00006849926,0.00007212216,0.00019360738,0.00019562074,0.00012410968,0.00017050822,0.00070526864,0.00001731345],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00023035004,0.00019332684,0.0143150315,0.000036289555,0.00010339562,0.00020634856,0.15982446,0.0000502935,0.000585385,0.27393833,0.5203866,0.030130245],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00021291549,0.000036591373,0.00043745225,0.000006050228,0.000019698646,0.0000023698328,0.05726397,0.00016135478,0.000036521622,0.0006795378,0.941053,0.00009057162],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008535655,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014051424,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8204478,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012923301,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00019232427,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9980666},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6884642139","doi":"10.11575/cpai.v5i1.75620","title":"Mobilizing Knowledge","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Calgary","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Cheating; Academic dishonesty; Work (physics); Personal Integrity; Agency (philosophy)","score_opus":0.017947548428545654,"score_gpt":0.2460576374857358,"score_spread":0.22811008905719016,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6884642139","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.1030657,0.00027610586,0.0010129508,0.00077411113,0.00023107523,0.00008515009,0.0000058354017,0.00004534117,0.8945037],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9662177,0.00008386473,0.0005758407,0.000103133076,0.000043752865,1.04863155e-7,0.000004811566,0.0000024433298,0.032968327],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994177,0.00021128275,0.000035960256,0.00007203679,0.00016100267,0.000102015234],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997496,0.00009617562,0.000030024949,0.000050476952,0.000032460193,0.000041281182],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005660158,0.000025444117,0.00005822118,0.000045555153,0.00083931163,0.000001882765,0.00025763933,0.000079976744,0.002635934],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000035030087,0.00003522672,0.00004421097,0.00014016381,0.00017241422,0.00006599915,0.00012780774,0.00043033625,0.000024238601],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000081194965,0.00015353397,0.0042349403,0.00001669674,0.00003283143,0.000043398213,0.21783903,0.00003319738,0.00034140295,0.6635178,0.07287784,0.04082813],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00010181211,0.000016752268,0.00031942676,0.000002806062,0.00000721273,6.1865774e-7,0.042927325,0.00014665931,0.000017257918,0.0012568003,0.9551563,0.000047024707],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005421532,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000545866,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.88227844,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010042993,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001714781,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9982758},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6884647754","doi":"10.11575/cpai.v6i1.76783","title":"Educating College Students on Academic Integrity: What Roles do Teachers Play in the Quebec Province?","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Calgary","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Misconduct; Learning development; Higher education; Discipline; Academic dishonesty","score_opus":0.021312517777657226,"score_gpt":0.29604096656408835,"score_spread":0.2747284487864311,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6884647754","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96234363,0.00011766316,0.000013762007,0.009805414,0.00022626403,0.00034379598,0.000007385222,0.000051945255,0.027090149],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9846175,0.0010014933,0.000065936234,0.00063155044,0.00011712036,7.616899e-7,0.000011776097,0.000006063331,0.013547854],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.99810946,0.00062912627,0.00012753165,0.00019619452,0.0006582179,0.00027949183],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989859,0.0006916575,0.00009353972,0.0001245887,0.000039815313,0.00006454124],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0026850537,0.00009226619,0.00014952305,0.00017196975,0.00045967608,0.000039374805,0.0010667207,0.0005487655,0.00007946404],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003209496,0.00008386956,0.00006481981,0.00047389086,0.00036493628,0.00046287957,0.000116087205,0.002508388,0.00007805967],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000115258576,0.00016432497,0.06377869,0.000024227676,0.000043870146,0.00011342274,0.7070517,0.000017250828,0.000051793195,0.11548881,0.05654549,0.056605153],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00035584893,0.00003684368,0.035748117,0.0003378906,0.000019734369,0.0000010038957,0.84892106,0.000060200015,0.000021604073,0.0020916597,0.11225014,0.00015588902],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.047150895,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.062226288,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.14186937,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00027353285,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006227814,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997929},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6884648335","doi":"10.11575/cpai.v6i1.76882","title":"A Rapid Scoping Review on Academic Integrity and Algorithmic Writing Technologies","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Calgary","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Presentation (obstetrics); Context (archaeology); Expansive; Academic writing; Higher education; Systematic review; Protocol (science)","score_opus":0.042404791047553694,"score_gpt":0.3041027490430743,"score_spread":0.26169795799552065,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6884648335","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.33953598,0.15554708,0.0047649215,0.17195989,0.0010919059,0.005367025,0.00008000682,0.005612267,0.31604093],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.117567345,0.87621856,0.0026710944,0.0011134214,0.000121480494,0.0000014299859,0.000020214517,0.000013796987,0.0022726872],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99907357,0.00017064995,0.00011992694,0.00017686616,0.0002445836,0.00021440448],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99931014,0.00040905582,0.000087175016,0.00008980206,0.000057876525,0.00004593623],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0015436149,0.00007305087,0.00019880597,0.00013667306,0.00041096346,0.00000533249,0.00030577285,0.0005338697,0.00007280669],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000755205,0.00008085429,0.00005015611,0.00040190163,0.00052263733,0.00015157074,0.00013923507,0.0018384814,0.00004286308],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004333217,0.00002170724,0.0021665748,0.002751792,0.000041249386,0.000087901804,0.010640057,6.275096e-7,0.00016633699,0.08779435,0.021844454,0.8744416],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0024953617,0.00055531616,0.0071633575,0.31363562,0.00041286176,0.0000350137,0.26598862,0.0025968375,0.0015167792,0.043203175,0.3601351,0.0022619702],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001003037,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000107082175,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8721796,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000048787584,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00016415314,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7987389},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6884668063","doi":"10.11575/prism/42920","title":"Equity, Diversity, Inclusion, Accessibility, Decolonization and Indigenization in Academic and Research Integrity: Policy, Procedure, and Praxis","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"Open MIND","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Praxis; Indigenization; Misconduct; Cheating; Equity (law); Decolonization; Higher education; Discipline","score_opus":0.15752752332291814,"score_gpt":0.49199914218917856,"score_spread":0.3344716188662604,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6884668063","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.3054389,0.0020380134,0.000046232242,0.015580533,0.00033165008,0.0050428193,0.00021492003,0.00006134151,0.6712456],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8067247,0.021972414,0.000638973,0.00024585667,0.0007690494,0.000045091238,0.00008890255,0.00023605424,0.16927895],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9969808,0.00073894724,0.00028637954,0.00069393765,0.00081535435,0.00048462255],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988489,0.00048007997,0.00019269618,0.00014413087,0.00012885322,0.00020532755],"candidate_categories":["sts","open_science","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0077991625,0.00019121726,0.00032282254,0.0008694958,0.0016967736,0.0003966412,0.0009624932,0.002595672,0.00043532578],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0047655515,0.00019254939,0.0000128863585,0.0013382604,0.00081464887,0.0006029497,0.020047583,0.0028283265,0.000029407647],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006710465,0.000076069555,0.5212347,0.00021869769,0.00004541314,0.000024068559,0.18525058,3.2394843e-7,0.00002134617,0.006408117,0.03473598,0.25191757],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0025398138,0.00028537426,0.13859844,0.0039992006,0.0001371399,0.000024742396,0.033430554,0.00022889556,0.00013633832,0.15345177,0.6652815,0.0018862818],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.070922635,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.20699163,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6305455,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00028131477,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0011264817,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99960285},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6884669082","doi":"10.11575/cpai.v1i2.54599.g42964","title":"Academic Integrity across the Canadian Landscape","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Calgary","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Nature versus nurture; Center (category theory); Personal Integrity; Data integrity","score_opus":0.021057498341192957,"score_gpt":0.2732196085520171,"score_spread":0.25216211021082413,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6884669082","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.3534607,0.00012738125,0.00053571066,0.016947746,0.00043630588,0.00016437385,0.000028516168,0.000046204237,0.6282531],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9917243,0.00011843394,0.00016225452,0.0006787495,0.00023299492,4.001849e-8,0.0000039063725,0.0000023060702,0.007077011],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991413,0.00017350315,0.00006174657,0.000105989675,0.00022778584,0.00028967846],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993951,0.00012824354,0.0000471865,0.000107035106,0.00016031427,0.00016213884],"candidate_categories":["sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012308236,0.000051320872,0.00008169663,0.000036468417,0.0017291879,0.0000117897225,0.00060580054,0.00063286326,0.00094667956],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020302272,0.000045444533,0.00004926244,0.00018465705,0.0014240401,0.00013363958,0.00005821,0.0015954919,0.00016313017],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009820273,0.000018205352,0.08315595,0.000009866941,0.000059125192,0.00002835655,0.3085337,6.0537695e-7,0.000051052106,0.35903707,0.2161655,0.032842357],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000119909564,0.00001790405,0.015467924,0.000015452919,0.000011480286,0.0000013989998,0.027070908,0.000113786664,0.000040365303,0.0026517133,0.954406,0.0000831481],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.7935086,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9286432,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7382405,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011815166,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007433737,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99996656},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6887701924","doi":"10.17605/osf.io/95q6r","title":"Investigating academic integrity in the Werklund School of Education: Process, policy and perceptions","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"OSF Preprints (OSF Preprints)","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Academic dishonesty; Scholarship; Certificate; Higher education; Perception; Academic advising; Graduate students","score_opus":0.02330786262813849,"score_gpt":0.3454967278226579,"score_spread":0.3221888651945194,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6887701924","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5639267,0.000003857196,0.000026762647,0.0043227775,0.00009827089,0.000531629,0.0000036344045,0.000021987978,0.4310644],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9520708,0.00029272173,0.00038719282,0.0009545538,0.00024883737,0.00009048492,0.0000051585444,0.000009839184,0.045940425],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99661034,0.0012896212,0.00048751477,0.0007628846,0.00050986686,0.00033977584],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.997579,0.0009615201,0.0002472171,0.0008429261,0.00019174474,0.00017760115],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.01084575,0.00015620506,0.00024009739,0.00018039187,0.0003039036,0.00007271188,0.0011614083,0.0007163301,0.08518629],"category_scores_gemma":[0.016986234,0.00014194286,0.000066755936,0.0005846622,0.00061303907,0.000502827,0.00030237826,0.0035427632,0.089306384],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013876839,0.00013308933,0.7524007,0.00013451726,0.000020480897,3.8530757e-7,0.10914683,0.000042198055,0.0012584267,0.12159691,0.0069328966,0.008319684],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004883191,0.0000025267025,0.45106852,0.000651305,0.00004895856,0.000026671314,0.1259092,0.00025441896,0.00055274536,0.3197722,0.10070775,0.00051740353],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008999824,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00070726866,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3881441,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024234789,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0022905567,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9987561},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6887730962","doi":"10.17605/osf.io/98wfm","title":"Academic Integrity in the Canadian Context: A Comprehensive Literature Review 1992-2017","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"OSF Preprints (OSF Preprints)","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Research integrity; Personal Integrity; Work (physics); Academic dishonesty; Context (archaeology)","score_opus":0.038296574423064535,"score_gpt":0.3336232378740422,"score_spread":0.29532666345097763,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6887730962","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.014231573,0.0004920969,0.000053783664,0.038904037,0.0006420381,0.0019294887,0.00005629754,0.00008287281,0.9436078],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.89043057,0.024192335,0.00024900236,0.03030735,0.0009762968,0.00024208832,0.00005142714,0.000030397938,0.05352051],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99266064,0.003710339,0.0006511525,0.0013276079,0.0007853473,0.00086491095],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9957502,0.0011830569,0.0002664012,0.0018706173,0.00050928164,0.00042044747],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.017738868,0.00031517542,0.00048304384,0.0002028897,0.0012124147,0.00023081628,0.0029837047,0.0016097574,0.100282855],"category_scores_gemma":[0.011219386,0.0002684037,0.00019934791,0.00081638776,0.0012019988,0.0004897214,0.00040934354,0.007849574,0.33419394],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006598468,0.00008693575,0.018999688,0.0003288122,0.00007685633,0.00013616854,0.12399075,0.0000019668166,0.000079660975,0.09515693,0.7344685,0.026607737],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00020361118,0.0000012420905,0.0084575545,0.0021914623,0.000036802652,0.000054447053,0.002944594,0.00002804627,0.00006948815,0.012969674,0.9727328,0.00031031188],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.35070714,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.7185009,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8900873,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007037784,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0014943893,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999768},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6887757072","doi":"10.17605/osf.io/ftw8c","title":"Collaborative Open Resources on Research Integrity and Ethics (CORRIE)","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"OSF Preprints (OSF Preprints)","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Vulnerability (computing); Research ethics; Resource (disambiguation); Ethical issues; Compliance (psychology); Perception; Asynchronous communication","score_opus":0.1030662042004797,"score_gpt":0.4283141057801043,"score_spread":0.32524790157962463,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6887757072","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.079851836,0.000018588351,0.00017253787,0.019409679,0.0005498718,0.0011400988,0.00004085699,0.00015990868,0.8986566],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5676434,0.0015458383,0.0007552362,0.00076271844,0.00039440696,0.00019399072,0.000008669038,0.00003515566,0.42866057],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9882044,0.0074068806,0.00042493746,0.0020007596,0.0013006552,0.0006623253],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9884051,0.009206579,0.0000906477,0.0013112738,0.000617661,0.0003687188],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts","scholarly_communication","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.06906329,0.00023302282,0.00033418473,0.0002600964,0.001758693,0.0015103361,0.0022408261,0.0016206563,0.16491729],"category_scores_gemma":[0.035391677,0.00022846012,0.0000792721,0.0009217523,0.0015576439,0.00065819925,0.0023975014,0.011674557,0.35389915],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00024564692,0.0001347661,0.004081457,0.00010657761,0.000113016904,0.000062904255,0.24059606,0.000019876074,0.0002434046,0.53659856,0.19755915,0.02023859],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00014388209,0.0000032278967,0.0016506326,0.0003730556,0.000018440705,0.000005019664,0.018869238,0.00018347954,0.0007232061,0.101593316,0.8761901,0.0002463657],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.013915288,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0042337924,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.678631,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004715696,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0016489716,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99967545},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6894076990","doi":"10.5281/zenodo.6912519","title":"From plagiarism to predatory publishing: Organizational factors in explaining academic misconduct","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Misconduct; Sanctions; Context (archaeology); Publishing; Academic community; Academic dishonesty","score_opus":0.07256144297269186,"score_gpt":0.2961646314511977,"score_spread":0.22360318847850585,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6894076990","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8217657,0.00012354867,0.0014173446,0.013694779,0.0007920614,0.0008388918,0.001478434,0.0010024519,0.15888679],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.993408,0.000033273755,0.00018397468,0.0009222004,0.000497463,1.8457874e-7,0.0028581312,0.00052632287,0.0015704362],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9959671,0.0015548109,0.00035196394,0.00051610806,0.001081418,0.00052859465],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987757,0.00019848863,0.00013027943,0.0002451244,0.00034110376,0.00030930436],"candidate_categories":["sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0034576384,0.00014405348,0.00016701511,0.00043930465,0.005261604,0.00092517945,0.0021312474,0.00037261378,0.055595595],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0066291117,0.00017416388,0.0000382595,0.0014512391,0.00016210208,0.0010838318,0.0017474026,0.0034274338,0.0011885173],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008224241,0.000119316916,0.0009714628,0.000011305217,0.00003966412,0.000021934908,0.24097492,0.0004479954,0.0029197522,0.049920388,0.6953803,0.009110744],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002626113,0.00004802272,0.0011974176,0.000015181514,0.0000049724636,0.00000567092,0.04510751,0.000073131494,0.00018099295,0.002071867,0.9508301,0.00020253789],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0019712471,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000014486373,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2554498,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007424653,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000475,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99958915},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6894162561","doi":"10.5281/zenodo.7930524","title":"Artificial Intelligence, New Technologies, and Academic Integrity Concerns: A Positive Fightback Through Teaching Effectiveness and Reinforced Learning","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Academic dishonesty; Work (physics); Information technology; Active learning (machine learning); Experiential learning; Academic integrity; Higher education","score_opus":0.0847770855994783,"score_gpt":0.3435126652406578,"score_spread":0.25873557964117955,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6894162561","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5515828,0.001160203,0.11531836,0.028104704,0.0006391446,0.0033275317,0.00024070227,0.0122554405,0.28737113],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9962408,0.0016881828,0.0002971726,0.000087312896,0.00022264579,9.641072e-8,0.00019668198,0.0002449502,0.001022168],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9975844,0.0010584049,0.00022600482,0.00038430514,0.00033447344,0.00041242872],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990921,0.00037604757,0.00010067716,0.000121018944,0.00019179635,0.000118363954],"candidate_categories":["sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0031940741,0.00013356445,0.00016959844,0.00017486663,0.004303248,0.00044968727,0.0005667419,0.00048656145,0.0005110383],"category_scores_gemma":[0.007141108,0.00013569604,0.000028572982,0.00064944825,0.00064240745,0.0005167295,0.00086547976,0.003367556,0.0008497636],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008957223,0.000008096178,0.000026313663,0.000041737618,0.000032637865,0.0000104674655,0.036103215,0.000043052718,0.0018081706,0.4281494,0.013887775,0.5197996],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001869743,0.00027147654,0.0004583583,0.0002788856,0.000025112942,0.00003809007,0.053075127,0.001780352,0.0026086536,0.04594903,0.8949499,0.00037805436],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008272719,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000037976172,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8810621,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001430505,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000018567238,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999282},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6901860899","doi":"10.60692/c7yy3-3f587","title":"Pedagogical strategy for scholarly communication literacy and avoiding deceptive publishing practices","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Greater South Information System","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Publishing; Scholarly communication; Literacy; Project commissioning; Perspective (graphical); Information literacy; Key (lock)","score_opus":0.24576384697025816,"score_gpt":0.38379404927705835,"score_spread":0.1380302023068002,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6901860899","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9356322,0.000030337544,0.01768639,0.0048111323,0.00035877444,0.0009368353,0.00014738238,0.00059857225,0.039798323],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99825215,0.000006752132,0.0005002738,0.00019727762,0.00016227555,0.0000711718,0.00006907809,0.0000046971636,0.00073631876],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983787,0.00049786974,0.00039217476,0.0001151699,0.00036138584,0.00025469958],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99834794,0.00033666292,0.00060286716,0.00014690173,0.0004655786,0.00010004379],"candidate_categories":["sts","scholarly_communication"],"consensus_categories":["scholarly_communication"],"category_scores_codex":[0.006179669,0.00009399415,0.00013123099,0.00020994198,0.0014405705,0.0051475316,0.00030077464,0.00044558843,0.000014810356],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0028137884,0.00008284512,0.00003893551,0.00035234762,0.00006861851,0.021098165,0.000074649346,0.00074512034,0.00018078521],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000032458018,6.9878155e-7,0.019335415,0.00010864695,0.000017018838,3.4542725e-7,0.9089499,0.000016132886,6.509205e-7,0.06790859,0.0009059436,0.002724169],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00047351874,0.000029239485,0.010266361,0.00021067532,0.000023403043,0.000006317118,0.93570864,0.0035378016,0.000019020981,0.00031426447,0.049222022,0.00018872201],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002939222,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000066381576,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.06759433,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000107089465,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000101520236,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998594},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6902004540","doi":"10.6084/m9.figshare.14036018","title":"Plagiarism in higher education across nations: a case of language students","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Figshare","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Higher education; Academic dishonesty; Cultural diversity; Academic writing; Dependency (UML); Language proficiency; Cultural background","score_opus":0.0604466207801165,"score_gpt":0.4177232853902771,"score_spread":0.3572766646101606,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6902004540","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7155838,0.00453889,8.94971e-7,0.003521274,0.00088364957,0.0006039651,0.1013201,0.00008170961,0.1734657],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97869265,0.000011531866,0.00005137402,0.0003744791,0.00021330046,0.000052593274,0.007387015,0.000004759299,0.013212309],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992414,0.00014208784,0.00013171976,0.0001169727,0.00022506659,0.00014272217],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994508,0.00019112173,0.000060238133,0.00009030726,0.00016584639,0.000041658033],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022628588,0.000046784717,0.00007496346,0.000042471765,0.00014283594,0.000040727075,0.00016435026,0.00037444857,0.08536779],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0021520846,0.000051624633,0.000029025925,0.00037377505,0.000011871132,0.00011465832,0.00006331561,0.00044821601,0.0002220691],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011966135,0.0006621275,0.007006313,0.0002624519,0.000038941453,0.0012480608,0.31950974,0.0000117887885,0.00012230646,0.0123918895,0.64048725,0.018247172],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004605606,0.000013565537,0.021109553,0.0018820367,0.000008676739,0.00007377902,0.13244782,0.000009598576,0.0010246194,0.0009258695,0.84175986,0.0002840578],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0018255884,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008164549,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.26310882,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006708873,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000378266,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.91546834},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"}],"label_agreement":"agree"},{"id":"W6902165921","doi":"10.6084/m9.figshare.20508716.v1","title":"Additional file 1 of Lessons from the COVID-19 pandemic and recent developments on the communication of clinical trials, publishing practices, and research integrity: in conversation with Dr. David Moher","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Figshare","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ottawa Hospital; University of Ottawa; Hamilton Health Sciences; McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Conversation; Publishing; Pandemic; Project commissioning; Curriculum; Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","score_opus":0.7325711618810871,"score_gpt":0.5483144276815612,"score_spread":0.18425673419952582,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6902165921","genre_codex":"dataset","genre_gemma":"dataset","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"dataset","genre_consensus":"dataset","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0019280626,0.0001373803,3.6140443e-7,0.066540234,0.000017548347,0.00043672952,0.928597,0.000007224974,0.0023355023],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.1427146,0.00069658377,0.00040297784,0.00439681,0.00016382201,0.0012438338,0.8498667,0.000011273054,0.00050338753],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9899006,0.0087264525,0.00039138197,0.00016222036,0.0007070152,0.00011236534],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.8430264,0.15525305,0.0010764997,0.00021249591,0.0003539907,0.000077553595],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01568781,0.000049700946,0.0001589357,0.000048672064,0.0006266243,0.0000949158,0.0004462518,0.00022176372,0.6999705],"category_scores_gemma":[0.3366488,0.000031386975,0.000018531528,0.00033696924,0.00016743035,0.00032156793,0.00026251617,0.002910994,0.0000071212326],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000106966065,0.000029974874,0.0013349279,0.000006481717,0.000017300143,3.5011288e-7,0.014234572,0.0000010175839,2.6994508e-7,0.00036913558,0.97557163,0.008327395],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00023448106,0.000025872716,0.00863152,0.00033506608,0.0000039541655,7.2116285e-7,0.03327949,0.000052723983,0.0000010263111,0.0018509518,0.955546,0.00003815475],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0059070196,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0067873863,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.69996333,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013177331,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001460918,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99938935},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"reporting","study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"other","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["insufficient_payload"],"domain":null,"study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"dataset","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W6903336940","doi":"10.11575/cpai.v5i2.76959","title":"From the History of Contract Cheating to the New Challenges of Artificial Intelligence: The Changing Landscape of Academic Integrity","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Calgary","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Academic integrity; Field (mathematics); Academic dishonesty","score_opus":0.0550537679485482,"score_gpt":0.27726158498305,"score_spread":0.22220781703450176,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6903336940","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8582735,0.0074457005,0.008083163,0.08607342,0.0016243706,0.00086787797,0.000081633036,0.000076038064,0.03747428],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99706775,0.0015382157,0.00012108421,0.00012372594,0.000246092,1.788981e-7,0.000003537988,0.0000035387104,0.0008958714],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.99879533,0.0003319285,0.00020583971,0.00011471761,0.00037718032,0.00017498784],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99770665,0.0017269887,0.00023964609,0.00016629831,0.00011602586,0.00004440252],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0024780512,0.000067455105,0.00019717989,0.00007503452,0.00019137026,0.0000018119385,0.0008278255,0.00030862592,0.00019066891],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00070956355,0.000044129658,0.000106691106,0.0003113279,0.00054504327,0.00007356975,0.00014611505,0.0010591777,0.000008153891],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013326605,0.000020558575,0.0008604624,0.000024126011,0.0000730758,0.0000016673872,0.7595405,0.00005811481,0.00093896355,0.107598856,0.014877284,0.11587314],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001506476,0.00008707176,0.008557897,0.00041186364,0.00014640548,5.271361e-7,0.85979456,0.0042006336,0.002141226,0.016553467,0.107769676,0.000186048],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.029900987,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0035633445,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.13879424,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006801822,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00040278904,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.976559},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6903526614","doi":"10.11575/prism/41646","title":"Academic Integrity the Canadian Way [Keynote address]","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"Open MIND","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Presentation (obstetrics); Research integrity; Scientific integrity; Closing (real estate); Personal Integrity; Academic community","score_opus":0.10060282253568144,"score_gpt":0.38449493713089483,"score_spread":0.2838921145952134,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6903526614","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000033671648,0.00035407627,0.000003003551,0.020454489,0.0014827175,0.0008331168,0.00038825965,0.000024148858,0.97642654],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0020047873,0.00093649986,0.0001565688,0.0008550322,0.0018473149,0.000031110372,0.000037121292,0.0002473445,0.9938842],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99768233,0.00048126598,0.00022953162,0.0004195629,0.00052902364,0.00065826677],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998716,0.000354722,0.00018937791,0.00034380218,0.000051554554,0.00034456886],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0036816916,0.00022779085,0.0002977262,0.0001697555,0.0009848234,0.0003225872,0.003031511,0.004048208,0.057478357],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0011557481,0.00016731149,0.00008657272,0.0003899026,0.00058577367,0.00013747177,0.0002296197,0.0079212785,0.015554491],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002566998,0.0000023743178,0.000102508784,0.0000019469876,0.000034618693,0.000013989319,0.0071097263,1.266308e-7,3.2390517e-7,0.0039041755,0.93818384,0.05064381],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006601844,0.000004888214,0.00006764513,0.00022080122,0.000032641365,0.000001087651,0.002635901,0.0000030654314,0.0000065453723,0.0009513456,0.9957677,0.0002423562],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9695743,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.99692404,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.057583872,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00041169673,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002720595,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9972448},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6903693631","doi":"10.13140/rg.2.2.16271.28324","title":"Soutenance de doctorat, 30/04/2018, Université Laval","year":2018,"lang":"fr","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Work (physics); Deformation (meteorology); Term (time); Context (archaeology)","score_opus":0.01937815902597165,"score_gpt":0.26899675846720555,"score_spread":0.2496185994412339,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6903693631","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.075661615,0.0024532094,0.004682256,0.070286915,0.004495671,0.00015035884,0.000045142682,0.00013573977,0.8420891],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.3655882,0.0024682404,0.0019444653,0.003859873,0.004648851,9.478948e-7,0.0000027298684,0.000012638537,0.6214741],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99812716,0.00034216646,0.00018376863,0.00028146207,0.00034723655,0.00071819656],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991264,0.00017232605,0.00009412475,0.00016910025,0.00017411321,0.00026396595],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011755348,0.00016305786,0.00017736612,0.00003729962,0.0007690434,0.000060612536,0.0005410592,0.0011962539,0.0129980985],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016813248,0.00015717042,0.00010060411,0.00038905695,0.0013996843,0.00040614526,0.00009515471,0.0010755397,0.005572213],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015669377,0.00003570156,0.0026999526,0.000009504392,0.000029183773,0.00001876581,0.03188327,0.0000012313013,0.00017441975,0.44796285,0.50517786,0.011991623],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001702458,0.00008595803,0.0006125248,0.000052216335,0.00003715923,0.000007442843,0.007846141,0.00029216454,0.0012246071,0.011542595,0.9778948,0.0002341849],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.04494802,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008442255,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.47271693,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00040903923,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00058667606,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99520206},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6912235639","doi":"10.5281/zenodo.16755595","title":"scientific-python/pytest-doctestplus: v1.3.0","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Tellabs (Canada); University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Debugging; Python (programming language); Hash function; Correctness; Workflow; Code refactoring","score_opus":0.044006005044772,"score_gpt":0.2976260873255937,"score_spread":0.2536200822808217,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6912235639","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000014874331,0.0009892378,0.0003943718,0.003186391,0.0012534828,0.0005087616,0.0006490922,0.0029624414,0.9900414],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0014804823,0.0004725885,0.00026388234,0.00020661943,0.0017272937,5.3184802e-8,0.0015619936,0.007617047,0.98667],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9966362,0.0007360675,0.00026476596,0.00075677544,0.00096677843,0.0006393951],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985174,0.00004561659,0.00015736032,0.0005168254,0.0004598709,0.0003029483],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","scholarly_communication","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.002595965,0.0002396826,0.00023647715,0.0006362963,0.0032676398,0.0030031293,0.0019426881,0.0008053203,0.13876098],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0023141655,0.00025254063,0.00010919532,0.0011045535,0.0010334344,0.00019617593,0.0009829643,0.0017746465,0.18655202],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005368073,0.000033652734,2.3066205e-7,0.00008723682,0.000040792213,0.000022642804,0.0047140536,4.402404e-7,0.000050469975,0.054415055,0.9209198,0.019710299],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000101879516,0.000036362202,0.0000019947145,0.00024498865,0.00003376987,0.000021023385,0.001290852,0.000015652708,0.000013590713,0.002324494,0.99562943,0.0002859865],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00061425567,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000028232647,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07470965,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00026368635,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000031251584,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99999267},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6920056548","doi":"10.60692/g2bdv-7fb81","title":"Prosocial motives underlie scientific censorship by scientists: A perspective and research agenda","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Greater South Information System","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Wilfrid Laurier University; University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Censorship; Prosocial behavior; Perspective (graphical); Accountability; Transparency (behavior); Authoritarianism; Scientific communication","score_opus":0.14417374528198332,"score_gpt":0.3540586832980715,"score_spread":0.20988493801608818,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6920056548","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8934878,0.0000210181,0.00053196936,0.0024032388,0.0012700087,0.00096284883,0.000390253,0.00051368825,0.100419134],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99249,0.0000011625368,0.000030297559,0.000051711148,0.00016252216,0.00003962565,0.000022877504,0.000005861688,0.007195978],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9969661,0.00064914353,0.00031020993,0.00026160976,0.0012311968,0.0005817125],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99870545,0.00007903852,0.00012874558,0.00015171293,0.0007817858,0.00015325684],"candidate_categories":["sts","scholarly_communication","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.008425948,0.00010925606,0.00014484022,0.0005703199,0.0031225136,0.0012455861,0.00029810547,0.0003717022,0.000035924804],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007258635,0.00009908744,0.000044826047,0.0017009001,0.0010771,0.0011788695,0.00010697597,0.000594491,0.0016084419],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015306321,0.0000012885953,0.008314405,0.00006907299,0.000013093301,0.0000017635292,0.9154833,0.000001148019,0.000004481394,0.05249479,0.023455651,0.00014572477],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003106118,0.000021001513,0.009357334,0.000099984514,0.0000072132766,0.0000032535186,0.96590614,0.00028386526,0.00012338758,0.00039394043,0.023318816,0.00017443966],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00039893657,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001296589,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.09900212,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005004521,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002766236,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997912},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6920627145","doi":"10.60692/c0c08-rrj87","title":"Prosocial motives underlie scientific censorship by scientists: A perspective and research agenda","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Greater South Information System","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Wilfrid Laurier University; University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Censorship; Prosocial behavior; Perspective (graphical); Accountability; Transparency (behavior); Authoritarianism; Scientific communication","score_opus":0.14417374528198332,"score_gpt":0.3540586832980715,"score_spread":0.20988493801608818,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6920627145","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8934878,0.0000210181,0.00053196936,0.0024032388,0.0012700087,0.00096284883,0.000390253,0.00051368825,0.100419134],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99249,0.0000011625368,0.000030297559,0.000051711148,0.00016252216,0.00003962565,0.000022877504,0.000005861688,0.007195978],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9969661,0.00064914353,0.00031020993,0.00026160976,0.0012311968,0.0005817125],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99870545,0.00007903852,0.00012874558,0.00015171293,0.0007817858,0.00015325684],"candidate_categories":["sts","scholarly_communication","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.008425948,0.00010925606,0.00014484022,0.0005703199,0.0031225136,0.0012455861,0.00029810547,0.0003717022,0.000035924804],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007258635,0.00009908744,0.000044826047,0.0017009001,0.0010771,0.0011788695,0.00010697597,0.000594491,0.0016084419],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015306321,0.0000012885953,0.008314405,0.00006907299,0.000013093301,0.0000017635292,0.9154833,0.000001148019,0.000004481394,0.05249479,0.023455651,0.00014572477],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003106118,0.000021001513,0.009357334,0.000099984514,0.0000072132766,0.0000032535186,0.96590614,0.00028386526,0.00012338758,0.00039394043,0.023318816,0.00017443966],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00039893657,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001296589,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.09900212,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005004521,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002766236,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997912},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6920784215","doi":"10.6084/m9.figshare.14036018.v1","title":"Plagiarism in higher education across nations: a case of language students","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Figshare","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Higher education; Academic dishonesty; Cultural diversity; Academic writing; Dependency (UML); Language proficiency; Cultural background","score_opus":0.0604466207801165,"score_gpt":0.4177232853902771,"score_spread":0.3572766646101606,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6920784215","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7155838,0.00453889,8.94971e-7,0.003521274,0.00088364957,0.0006039651,0.1013201,0.00008170961,0.1734657],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97869265,0.000011531866,0.00005137402,0.0003744791,0.00021330046,0.000052593274,0.007387015,0.000004759299,0.013212309],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992414,0.00014208784,0.00013171976,0.0001169727,0.00022506659,0.00014272217],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994508,0.00019112173,0.000060238133,0.00009030726,0.00016584639,0.000041658033],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022628588,0.000046784717,0.00007496346,0.000042471765,0.00014283594,0.000040727075,0.00016435026,0.00037444857,0.08536779],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0021520846,0.000051624633,0.000029025925,0.00037377505,0.000011871132,0.00011465832,0.00006331561,0.00044821601,0.0002220691],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011966135,0.0006621275,0.007006313,0.0002624519,0.000038941453,0.0012480608,0.31950974,0.0000117887885,0.00012230646,0.0123918895,0.64048725,0.018247172],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004605606,0.000013565537,0.021109553,0.0018820367,0.000008676739,0.00007377902,0.13244782,0.000009598576,0.0010246194,0.0009258695,0.84175986,0.0002840578],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0018255884,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008164549,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.26310882,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006708873,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000378266,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.91546834},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6922100227","doi":"10.11575/cpai.v1i1.43395.g31012","title":"Launching an Institutional Academic Integrity Campaign","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Calgary","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Research integrity; Academic dishonesty; Higher education; Launched; Work (physics); Data integrity; Personal Integrity","score_opus":0.029857906772557296,"score_gpt":0.2813723331821075,"score_spread":0.25151442640955024,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6922100227","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.70244217,0.00005200773,0.026741283,0.0011633266,0.0003703939,0.000108371125,0.000011018885,0.00008807375,0.26902336],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.993983,0.000091245136,0.0031976905,0.00028971775,0.00035428104,3.5693198e-8,0.00001106634,0.0000024195556,0.002070547],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990437,0.00023937553,0.000082575,0.00014774225,0.00030162837,0.00018498549],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994595,0.00009056099,0.000062074025,0.00008906169,0.00016383223,0.00013494272],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010580034,0.00006012017,0.00010257237,0.00007288016,0.00087173143,0.0000064754727,0.00043308298,0.0005951806,0.0008562268],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00022069534,0.00006948772,0.000047637775,0.00015159968,0.0013576366,0.00049917906,0.00006239658,0.0014305452,0.00008409874],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012341095,0.000055648823,0.018519027,0.00000991519,0.000024891599,0.000017707294,0.07472847,0.0000019633649,0.00043185172,0.8781691,0.007230641,0.020687368],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00054716377,0.00015141022,0.01935284,0.000110704066,0.000047719826,0.000006741299,0.033248276,0.0012343944,0.0003607005,0.026643341,0.9179469,0.0003498199],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.017277194,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0032326716,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.91071624,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011536322,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00050298497,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9892668},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6924456999","doi":"10.15468/dl.qbdsrn","title":"Occurrence Download","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"dataset","venue":"Global Biodiversity Information Facility","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Download; Matching (statistics); Range (aeronautics); Data set","score_opus":0.020069416589636003,"score_gpt":0.2557928164007932,"score_spread":0.2357233998111572,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6924456999","genre_codex":"dataset","genre_gemma":"dataset","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"dataset","genre_consensus":"dataset","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00007045455,0.000026612533,0.0000025459997,0.0009952644,0.0013541228,0.00031652913,0.99465525,0.00010354534,0.00247568],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.000004344904,0.0003324128,6.809347e-7,0.0013495012,0.000004433351,0.0000049126425,0.9983027,7.383568e-9,0.0000010102113],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9975808,0.0003776282,0.00033750897,0.00020180618,0.0011069855,0.00039522743],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99889463,0.00006812973,0.00031408897,0.00029711612,0.00022641284,0.00019964906],"candidate_categories":["sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0015447477,0.00020433504,0.00023254236,0.000085777996,0.0018252876,0.0001604252,0.0010071538,0.0010661809,0.15897308],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00074877136,0.00023371144,0.0001587956,0.00043782507,0.0004285749,0.0011294262,0.0003983462,0.001666898,0.09833285],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000027984792,0.000020308978,0.0003475763,0.00003884512,0.000018261584,0.0000019692054,0.0010890007,0.0000032290673,2.1761195e-9,0.0000042008637,0.9972818,0.0011668287],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00012932735,0.000016642618,0.000010419309,0.0000010010638,0.000034873377,0.00000126264,0.0035626187,2.0852996e-8,1.382616e-7,0.0000066861526,0.9959891,0.000247946],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.017296879,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002907795,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.060640235,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00091252814,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000628958,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994742},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6930323460","doi":"10.5281/zenodo.12755784","title":"ҩ❥༄+91-8094774404 ҩ❥༄ Black Magic To Paralyzed My Husband","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"MAGIC (telescope); Wife; Miracle; Caster; Happening; Bedroom","score_opus":0.039910688587164116,"score_gpt":0.2994267370707377,"score_spread":0.25951604848357357,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6930323460","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000047186604,0.00035384455,0.00095451484,0.0040262663,0.00046174714,0.0007367416,0.0003928126,0.0017587792,0.9912681],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0024886862,0.00059087895,0.00023826487,0.00067332515,0.0016330362,4.5931433e-8,0.00084560126,0.0062845647,0.9872456],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.996972,0.000698927,0.00027099845,0.00065734104,0.00077286235,0.0006278472],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987554,0.000034212047,0.00012193429,0.00042964498,0.00026493747,0.00039387995],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","scholarly_communication","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0015961803,0.0002564089,0.00028262325,0.00051756756,0.0011851161,0.001137898,0.0016453317,0.0007466883,0.18633401],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0011163813,0.00026676402,0.000105213294,0.00085430715,0.0004843259,0.00011832326,0.00083403045,0.0015164107,0.29630202],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000171337,0.000028642446,2.1655198e-7,0.000085501386,0.00005904394,0.000018354429,0.010136984,0.0000015786325,0.00004578148,0.022848085,0.95764136,0.009117297],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00015038856,0.000059181213,0.0000025525837,0.00020700069,0.00003689504,0.000007851199,0.0020672176,0.000010414539,0.000012830488,0.0011831647,0.9959463,0.00031624074],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008492374,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000034528966,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.10996801,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002516013,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000018567467,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999785},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6931412433","doi":"10.5281/zenodo.830166","title":"Scientific Opinion On The Possibility Of Occurrence And Spread Of West Nile Fever Disease In Bulgaria","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Arbovirus; Culex; Vector (molecular biology); Transmission (telecommunications); West Nile virus; Host (biology); Genus; Japanese encephalitis","score_opus":0.04548994066138105,"score_gpt":0.2851417464631208,"score_spread":0.23965180580173975,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6931412433","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9586115,0.000089671186,0.000093523,0.0029893562,0.00016043587,0.00059457414,0.00024802922,0.00006267492,0.03715027],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995005,0.000062646686,0.000016436283,0.00003923198,0.000027573049,3.7479104e-8,0.00008441815,0.000042414922,0.00022670165],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.998545,0.000564016,0.00017397085,0.00020293673,0.00034479206,0.00016927291],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99910516,0.000113242815,0.00008697277,0.00021506118,0.00038304273,0.000096518605],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0020289407,0.000053396318,0.00007739566,0.00009010802,0.0010322486,0.0002285999,0.0005484529,0.000071741946,0.007539837],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0027915298,0.000042858246,0.000020115542,0.00039986815,0.0008490968,0.00022523943,0.00027833402,0.0003299821,0.00062290806],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00025760182,0.000933647,0.009471114,0.00030694882,0.000037008143,0.0000033634692,0.08488416,0.000058317375,0.005002975,0.34997812,0.39669174,0.152375],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00035789981,0.00012211484,0.16941799,0.00018440417,0.000005641531,0.0000013926842,0.003976187,0.0006206193,0.00055742933,0.0068300115,0.8177371,0.00018916783],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011218796,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000792411,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4210454,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000044164677,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013988703,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99336743},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6931449984","doi":"10.5281/zenodo.4163356","title":"(FilmCB01) Possessor (2020) Streaming ITA Altadefinizione Guarda Gratis ejb","year":2020,"lang":"es","type":"article","venue":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"The Internet; Subject (documents); Point (geometry); Web site; Key (lock)","score_opus":0.04133775631437262,"score_gpt":0.28014448858015517,"score_spread":0.23880673226578256,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6931449984","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.05769813,0.0012962323,0.0069339112,0.1389546,0.0010456147,0.0018383958,0.0030457599,0.002884259,0.7863031],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98650306,0.002624253,0.00053208275,0.0023041356,0.001928421,6.712323e-8,0.0017029078,0.0015425299,0.0028625673],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9950015,0.0015483825,0.00057610136,0.0008563119,0.0011483388,0.000869359],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99757296,0.00015609614,0.00030834912,0.00041430903,0.00088780274,0.0006604783],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","scholarly_communication","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0018735849,0.00033168364,0.000384081,0.00014576594,0.005881098,0.0021081325,0.0021358738,0.0006148706,0.03394106],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0046774857,0.0003663957,0.0001517946,0.0014759607,0.00061473716,0.0006786456,0.001462032,0.0021236122,0.027436366],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014173369,0.00019069662,0.000036283247,0.00021880072,0.0001539146,0.0000854413,0.035152875,0.00003513707,0.0026465775,0.08449309,0.7490357,0.12780972],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005339727,0.00033739937,0.0004435221,0.00011101064,0.000060020928,0.000038324968,0.0076079317,0.00062185095,0.0002796051,0.0005029216,0.98905087,0.00041255387],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004420094,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000031039729,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9288049,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022734974,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003233264,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998788},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6939220632","doi":"10.6084/m9.figshare.12160020","title":"Additional file 2 of Stress testing journals: a quasi-experimental study of rejection rates of a previously published paper","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Figshare","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo; University of Toronto; McGill University; Ottawa Hospital; University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Stress testing (software); Stress (linguistics); Stress test; Accelerated life testing; Statistical analysis","score_opus":0.09670081342737946,"score_gpt":0.3388509233346189,"score_spread":0.24215010990723945,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6939220632","genre_codex":"dataset","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"dataset","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.004283402,0.000104080544,1.4880789e-7,0.00011783769,0.000016714288,0.000254496,0.98701566,0.000018697023,0.008188982],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7795124,0.0000017872288,0.0002660259,0.000125873,0.0004197852,0.00023160031,0.2192441,0.000011170363,0.00018724409],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99871457,0.0002238945,0.0003392246,0.0001356895,0.0004584577,0.0001281553],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99710315,0.0018715535,0.00044964073,0.00006086156,0.00044113302,0.00007368187],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014950418,0.0000709084,0.00019380129,0.000041608484,0.00012206114,0.000026967278,0.00023562847,0.00017518438,0.97510046],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02961272,0.00006689849,0.00005778084,0.0003869938,0.000025551948,0.0004032563,0.000057136993,0.0004045351,0.000040918174],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013717209,0.0004105111,0.000143972,0.00005529526,0.000021768616,0.0000012857631,0.017631834,0.0000057041643,0.000081309394,0.0000055152805,0.9813642,0.00026491797],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012833544,0.00480563,0.01057252,0.014257957,0.000052121275,0.000006142394,0.31041148,0.0008903239,0.0068198363,0.0002120573,0.65010095,0.00058761396],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00049789675,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00015082583,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9750595,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000025114874,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00023434515,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9785613},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6939414008","doi":"10.6084/m9.figshare.12160020.v1","title":"Additional file 2 of Stress testing journals: a quasi-experimental study of rejection rates of a previously published paper","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Figshare","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo; University of Toronto; McGill University; Ottawa Hospital; University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Stress testing (software); Stress (linguistics); Stress test; Accelerated life testing; Statistical analysis","score_opus":0.09670081342737946,"score_gpt":0.3388509233346189,"score_spread":0.24215010990723945,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6939414008","genre_codex":"dataset","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"dataset","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.004283402,0.000104080544,1.4880789e-7,0.00011783769,0.000016714288,0.000254496,0.98701566,0.000018697023,0.008188982],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7795124,0.0000017872288,0.0002660259,0.000125873,0.0004197852,0.00023160031,0.2192441,0.000011170363,0.00018724409],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99871457,0.0002238945,0.0003392246,0.0001356895,0.0004584577,0.0001281553],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99710315,0.0018715535,0.00044964073,0.00006086156,0.00044113302,0.00007368187],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014950418,0.0000709084,0.00019380129,0.000041608484,0.00012206114,0.000026967278,0.00023562847,0.00017518438,0.97510046],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02961272,0.00006689849,0.00005778084,0.0003869938,0.000025551948,0.0004032563,0.000057136993,0.0004045351,0.000040918174],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013717209,0.0004105111,0.000143972,0.00005529526,0.000021768616,0.0000012857631,0.017631834,0.0000057041643,0.000081309394,0.0000055152805,0.9813642,0.00026491797],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012833544,0.00480563,0.01057252,0.014257957,0.000052121275,0.000006142394,0.31041148,0.0008903239,0.0068198363,0.0002120573,0.65010095,0.00058761396],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00049789675,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00015082583,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9750595,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000025114874,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00023434515,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9785613},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6958421964","doi":"10.6084/m9.figshare.7571012.v1","title":"Understanding of plagiarism among North-African university hospital doctors (UHDs): A pilot study","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Figshare","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"University hospital; Confidence interval; Descriptive statistics; Data collection; Descriptive research; Spearman's rank correlation coefficient","score_opus":0.08120629843756394,"score_gpt":0.2636649325082772,"score_spread":0.18245863407071328,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6958421964","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8826762,0.000014448975,0.0000058366304,0.00015015744,0.00023031839,0.00084205624,0.023329293,0.000099502424,0.09265221],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99699783,0.0000027678848,0.000008990756,0.000018439672,0.00008427851,0.0000025493755,0.0012617924,0.000008668557,0.0016146693],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99860406,0.00021928293,0.00015458422,0.00024486482,0.00047553427,0.00030168972],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99907255,0.00035285854,0.00017656454,0.000165539,0.000108567525,0.0001239463],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026819936,0.00011739026,0.00019741038,0.000106939995,0.00032110253,0.000034205714,0.0005017893,0.00025659558,0.04889799],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005451797,0.00012464444,0.00006111333,0.00045708928,0.000058426984,0.0003631646,0.00012527476,0.0009008565,0.00048884365],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012150234,0.0007780915,0.65458375,0.00010808756,0.00019202515,0.00007755315,0.12074405,0.00006326805,0.00001160539,0.0068708486,0.21622945,0.00021973523],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001372706,0.0022720445,0.5484638,0.0007379204,0.000068249916,6.351455e-7,0.35714406,0.00010942731,0.00002979453,0.00055101444,0.08842358,0.0008267161],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0037140038,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0066118115,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.23640002,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003117834,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00020047762,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9519715},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"qualitative","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"methods","study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W6958494937","doi":"10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3626234_d1.v1","title":"Additional file 1: Table S1. of Variability of staffing and staff mix across acute care units in Alberta, Canada","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Figshare","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Staffing; Unit (ring theory); Acute care; Table (database); Skill mix; Case mix index","score_opus":0.01768754386446145,"score_gpt":0.25818902464198906,"score_spread":0.24050148077752762,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6958494937","genre_codex":"dataset","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"dataset","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0074422667,0.000018149472,2.831555e-7,0.00015720077,0.000022880236,0.00009912981,0.9847432,0.000004578831,0.0075123557],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5984751,0.0000067847855,0.00008142803,0.000060935352,0.00008556297,0.00008869194,0.39826965,0.000008010527,0.0029238597],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990435,0.0001373902,0.00017727804,0.00014608272,0.00026335655,0.00023238795],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99537855,0.0039245808,0.00011639004,0.000088324916,0.0004243362,0.00006784367],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013292539,0.0000687131,0.00014407921,0.000016959037,0.000120139346,0.000008910765,0.00017944422,0.00024383896,0.86680067],"category_scores_gemma":[0.013267227,0.00005683344,0.000015488464,0.00021923617,0.000047585825,0.00018277022,0.00006970129,0.0002197932,0.000026380869],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000058043092,0.00000596819,0.00014099907,0.000046938312,0.000007726479,0.0000017508838,0.0053243237,0.0000010744797,0.000004940919,0.00011142638,0.9928398,0.0015092151],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00011617029,0.00001355715,0.0017310549,0.0012520525,0.0000025516376,4.451892e-7,0.0061938046,0.000008136219,0.00018248342,0.00015180453,0.9902541,0.00009384461],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.6129831,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.91724694,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8667743,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014937588,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0017373847,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99504447},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6959264081","doi":"10.11575/prism/43097","title":"Academic Integrity Leadership and Community Building in Canadian Higher Education [Keynote address]","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"Open MIND","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Higher education; Academic integrity; Academic community; Work (physics); Christian ministry; Quality (philosophy); Learning development; Presentation (obstetrics)","score_opus":0.18617558212258117,"score_gpt":0.4194885737985511,"score_spread":0.23331299167596992,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6959264081","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0025227556,0.003932827,6.5583913e-7,0.011357174,0.0011545174,0.00054083695,0.000101989695,0.000007699712,0.98038155],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.10299848,0.00040482677,0.00045762994,0.000807723,0.0007433253,0.000021350335,0.000046967736,0.000096628304,0.89442307],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99770087,0.0010755851,0.00021187893,0.00031077806,0.00020732265,0.00049354305],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991456,0.00019657942,0.00010404247,0.00020491416,0.000025941707,0.00032289352],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0038257919,0.00019863446,0.0002760529,0.0004007823,0.00030437752,0.0002569556,0.0010617804,0.0028701576,0.015303997],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00039277715,0.00020614915,0.00003120006,0.00031204332,0.00032902366,0.00019274381,0.0001690123,0.012262987,0.0008103049],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000070996884,0.000026114305,0.0016541588,0.00008122025,0.000030361316,0.0000081683565,0.031532742,6.1727036e-8,0.0000055707683,0.0121112075,0.90702754,0.04751578],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006198258,0.0000066052075,0.00027878716,0.0014179375,0.00002606619,0.0000014058847,0.0120941335,0.0000012107269,0.000005541817,0.0038669542,0.98199904,0.00024035426],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.977021,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9654027,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.10047572,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000519058,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0026940193,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999677},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6962692740","doi":"10.17026/ls/lrf63d","title":"Replication Data for Perceptions of research integrity and open science practices: a survey of Brazilian dental researchers","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"dataset","venue":"DANS Data Station Life Sciences","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ottawa Hospital","funders":"","keywords":"Perception; Research integrity; Academic integrity; Open science; Dental research; Research ethics; Replication (statistics); Computer-assisted web interviewing","score_opus":0.6140305414550996,"score_gpt":0.6205478929486535,"score_spread":0.0065173514935539245,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6962692740","genre_codex":"dataset","genre_gemma":"dataset","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"dataset","genre_consensus":"dataset","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0016567968,0.00025758203,0.00025900986,0.0030386983,0.00030608985,0.0013961303,0.9925756,0.000012465767,0.0004976591],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0039378344,0.0032216562,0.004273788,0.00006314717,0.00013735947,0.000044874458,0.9882001,0.0000074790887,0.00011373417],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9908901,0.0026391628,0.0007395129,0.0020065208,0.0031646094,0.00056011946],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9849961,0.0079046115,0.0010115871,0.0037473412,0.0020229642,0.00031743996],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts","open_science"],"consensus_categories":["metaresearch","sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.16623333,0.000154045,0.00034680587,0.00080065074,0.0021930886,0.0010057887,0.021071846,0.00048480765,0.00013121468],"category_scores_gemma":[0.22134098,0.00013624731,0.000019736575,0.004227165,0.014682801,0.005906085,0.0069825454,0.0021369567,0.000035106266],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000047599926,0.000075123964,0.0016845153,0.00020983195,0.000018146575,3.2239504e-7,0.0028647159,5.7987455e-7,0.000056264118,0.0022737833,0.9918859,0.00088321895],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00014571114,0.0001897992,0.006178715,0.00037060824,0.00006193314,0.0000019325055,0.086651556,0.0024341068,0.000016193593,0.0022609157,0.9014652,0.00022332187],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.37542096,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.2635356,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.11188537,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016316243,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.013904553,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99910593},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["metaresearch","open_science","research_integrity"],"domain":"methods","study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"dataset","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["metaresearch","open_science","research_integrity"],"domain":"methods","study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"dataset","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"}],"label_agreement":"agree"},{"id":"W6966239810","doi":"10.3897/zookeys.75.767.maps21-24","title":"Maps 21-24 from: Brunke A, Marshall S (2011) Contributions to the faunistics and bionomics of Staphylinidae (Coleoptera) in northeastern North America: discoveries made through study of the University of Guelph Insect Collection, Ontario, Canada. ZooKeys 75: 29-68. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.75.767","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Bionomics; Distribution (mathematics); Zoogeography; Biogeography; Melanism","score_opus":0.028805673074369497,"score_gpt":0.22606997182641192,"score_spread":0.19726429875204243,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6966239810","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.38010377,0.00017352506,0.0009459991,0.0014628406,0.000500527,0.0026086285,0.0037234435,0.000101219426,0.61038005],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.81976724,0.0005256915,0.00005911144,0.0000796175,0.00012631,1.2308439e-7,0.00047804936,0.0003470472,0.17861682],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9976007,0.00092863885,0.0003670747,0.0003432311,0.000476895,0.000283465],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99843395,0.00010253751,0.00047561523,0.0004142463,0.00047060355,0.00010307313],"candidate_categories":["sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005117521,0.0001930044,0.00037342886,0.0001430427,0.0013008065,0.0000667261,0.0012187881,0.00023341262,0.045232],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003809562,0.00016777773,0.000056309087,0.00052251737,0.0007381979,0.00010793748,0.00082422653,0.00087455823,0.0005818432],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00050362427,0.00060013693,0.054655842,0.00009292465,0.00043476853,0.000010029289,0.14449675,0.000088208595,0.000019967418,0.0026589707,0.7953732,0.0010655745],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00042168022,0.00018441325,0.07760386,0.000071656104,0.00006586711,2.9331963e-7,0.014627284,0.000014501312,0.000008323364,0.00007358078,0.9067646,0.00016393195],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9684483,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9115763,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.43966344,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004663541,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00024382798,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99999934},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6968847656","doi":"10.5281/zenodo.4679060","title":"办UM毕业证【Q微2026614433】办曼尼托巴大学毕业证加拿大留学买毕业证买|去哪买国外毕业证 University of Manitoba","year":2021,"lang":"zh","type":"book","venue":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Nucleofection; Gestational period; TSG101; Diafiltration; Dysgeusia; Liquation; Emperipolesis; Triacetin; Demotion","score_opus":0.041728276187819144,"score_gpt":0.24122235222436728,"score_spread":0.19949407603654812,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6968847656","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0010573971,0.00060014555,0.0013692687,0.0016906274,0.00052765815,0.0006932686,0.001231037,0.0004906106,0.99233997],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.106112726,0.020744545,0.0010920262,0.000824501,0.004181628,2.4055026e-8,0.020867568,0.006345423,0.83983153],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99366593,0.0022800784,0.0006147102,0.001029047,0.0015147285,0.0008954878],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99533355,0.0002100212,0.00066684943,0.0008208904,0.0024728568,0.00049580116],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.002940656,0.00044683678,0.0006948794,0.00041279529,0.007045188,0.0006619425,0.0035731683,0.0016442792,0.08173432],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0017126785,0.00057785015,0.0003595673,0.0010379428,0.0017782806,0.0004625917,0.002894143,0.0034802903,0.017839275],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012855895,0.00023800177,0.000005928617,0.00038351945,0.00031164152,0.00017019041,0.015986944,0.000018431081,0.0003497739,0.106485695,0.8293628,0.046558507],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005074174,0.00019898158,0.00011151035,0.00042199428,0.00015622488,0.000058962796,0.018568,0.000065352346,0.00005937914,0.0018112801,0.97751456,0.0005263616],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013551089,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007789549,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.15250842,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001035089,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014568795,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996673},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6981504555","doi":"","title":"End-of-Life Care: Recent Developments in the Netherlands and Canada","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"DigitalGeorgetown (Georgetown University Library)","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Government (linguistics); Work (physics); Agency (philosophy); Field (mathematics)","score_opus":0.009162719544685675,"score_gpt":0.1986336248851204,"score_spread":0.18947090534043473,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6981504555","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0023499476,0.0011659631,0.000008127282,0.0066122916,0.00040147558,0.00047858572,0.00035447234,0.00011149639,0.98851764],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.022488782,0.013425419,0.00029588485,0.001287829,0.0003286563,0.0000022989223,0.00055528875,0.00016146852,0.9614544],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9974797,0.00041755525,0.00030216764,0.00045643016,0.0007456194,0.0005985737],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987952,0.00029911485,0.0002934011,0.00029474284,0.00004896165,0.0002685425],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002892653,0.00036019625,0.00048925984,0.0003384444,0.00027792942,0.00009148624,0.0011837578,0.0010094433,0.0029410273],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000163806,0.00032528353,0.00007570221,0.00079949654,0.0005297549,0.0004922775,0.00022527686,0.0010559714,0.000011129878],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000029733654,0.00003539423,0.04670035,0.00005224774,0.000068659196,0.000114539995,0.0060779518,5.531772e-7,2.0030873e-7,0.014447007,0.925246,0.0072273416],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00036627377,0.000014873456,0.0017376558,0.00013070845,0.000023306064,0.0000015123843,0.019317705,3.6047336e-7,0.00000532801,0.00018477495,0.9778388,0.00037867957],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.7475277,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.8095665,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.062038794,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021949803,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0042134915,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99991995},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6981549247","doi":"","title":"Energy efficient solar buildings","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"NPARC","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"","score_opus":0.013863699501377348,"score_gpt":0.2564523101574682,"score_spread":0.2425886106560909,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6981549247","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0000060880166,0.0004863654,0.0021415474,0.0015688505,0.0009535232,0.00007680923,0.000022733246,0.00022596549,0.9945181],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0013070146,0.0012742539,0.0012053009,0.0006832167,0.0018708487,0.00000736564,0.000006940793,0.00011837707,0.9935267],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99858606,0.00014587311,0.00012158321,0.00025882703,0.00050998863,0.00037769752],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994956,0.00008434504,0.000115059775,0.0001550274,0.000028159466,0.00012177433],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00045256782,0.00015367201,0.00020201762,0.0001318421,0.0002095118,0.000038698527,0.00043304294,0.0017374303,0.060022827],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013835338,0.0001472298,0.00009112693,0.00015420499,0.00023755993,0.00001703594,0.000041393014,0.0008704752,0.00078837783],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[8.030397e-7,0.000015127721,0.000003097673,0.000005313964,0.000011493035,0.000005269998,0.0012978644,9.928252e-7,0.000021062666,0.108000875,0.8782226,0.0124155255],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000053302672,0.0000058074393,2.7027215e-7,0.00008565829,0.000014015377,7.1612817e-7,0.00019967025,0.00009314826,0.000029565972,0.002880229,0.9964524,0.00018523907],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005536186,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00051382993,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1182298,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000078696234,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000077421566,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999896},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6983167600","doi":"","title":"L’évaluation de la performance de stagiaires basée sur des observations rapportées dans les programmes professionnalisants en sciences de la santé : données disponibles et perspectives de métaévaluatrices et métaévaluateurs en sciences infirmières","year":2023,"lang":"fr","type":"dissertation","venue":"Knowledge UdeS (Institutional Deposit of the University of Sherbrooke)","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada; H2020 European Research Council; Université du Québec à Chicoutimi","keywords":"Occupational training; Human science; Continuing education; Christian ministry","score_opus":0.0868979346487099,"score_gpt":0.3588171562111431,"score_spread":0.2719192215624332,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6983167600","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97768444,0.007881014,0.005370502,0.00065716193,0.00030906597,0.00061673555,0.00005486441,0.0001032896,0.0073229168],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9550449,0.023257475,0.01991445,0.000023463266,0.00013075896,0.0000132693785,0.000040698247,0.000022341457,0.0015526313],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9871698,0.0096170325,0.00054533535,0.00061429536,0.0013179899,0.0007355183],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99283683,0.0056927158,0.00053119654,0.00019654924,0.0005691172,0.00017359614],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.019792933,0.00045934456,0.0005126937,0.0005075876,0.005406832,0.00019163032,0.0019681891,0.0011677869,0.000042182506],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003882611,0.00041215666,0.00040587326,0.0017375539,0.011364192,0.0013358855,0.00029908275,0.0013749291,0.000005854175],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010955257,0.00033289156,0.39864638,0.0016616866,0.00015809755,0.000005655299,0.49023113,0.04355738,0.008114113,0.053123843,0.00016494132,0.0038943263],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00034129072,0.00013318975,0.7090632,0.006377903,0.00039032864,0.000020825086,0.23663284,0.03410372,0.006379945,0.005591767,0.0006084325,0.00035661025],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.04918304,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.08787539,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.31041676,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002083634,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.008609159,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99983305},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6983221641","doi":"","title":"List of 2017 Reviewers","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Northern italy; Technical university; Kingdom; West germany; University system","score_opus":0.4193874702001697,"score_gpt":0.6289515620918485,"score_spread":0.20956409189167885,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6983221641","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.3105236,0.05007852,0.0001745163,0.004306104,0.0032844245,0.00088509574,0.00009146361,0.000041237552,0.63061506],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8789056,0.114699036,0.00021347168,0.00041874498,0.0006272001,0.000011595178,0.000004026926,0.000021232274,0.0050991145],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9967962,0.0005727486,0.0008162994,0.00031602243,0.0010767683,0.00042199224],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9957487,0.00047172498,0.0021286274,0.0007486341,0.00060457794,0.00029771595],"candidate_categories":["sts","scholarly_communication","open_science","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.007327341,0.00021111753,0.00080160645,0.0002791064,0.0016718882,0.001457816,0.00749825,0.00045650118,0.014318385],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005635197,0.00018910687,0.00027270676,0.0002832912,0.0009875571,0.00360629,0.0008618692,0.0012018679,0.00004457267],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000097362215,0.00013410715,0.36323908,0.00015010788,0.00015987479,0.00002902847,0.0028146955,0.0000040098735,0.0075095585,0.0074356482,0.5833028,0.035123758],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00031747113,0.000007008228,0.26969245,0.0013356337,0.00010875786,0.0000042063425,0.00069165253,0.00000829337,0.0047516106,0.025509039,0.6971516,0.00042230092],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.025143992,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010461665,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.62551594,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008846686,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000390916,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996278},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6986284496","doi":"","title":"Perceptions of authorial identity in academic writing among undergraduate accounting students: implications for unintentional plagiarism","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Research Portal (Queen's University Belfast)","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Identity (music); Perception; Academic writing; Self-disclosure; Period (music)","score_opus":0.0490742639248541,"score_gpt":0.4032221993906984,"score_spread":0.35414793546584433,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6986284496","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9769395,0.000016868538,0.004914848,0.0070193284,0.0002409064,0.00078934414,0.00016444318,0.000058252004,0.009856481],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9955877,0.00030699413,0.00042298957,0.000018757055,0.00051115593,0.000009257504,0.000084953834,0.000013323032,0.0030448693],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9961843,0.00082673243,0.0004066176,0.00032344993,0.0012466197,0.0010122986],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99749494,0.0009921449,0.00021058282,0.00017794064,0.0008073595,0.00031703335],"candidate_categories":["sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.009191931,0.00013620195,0.00023904347,0.0006596516,0.0016628911,0.00007190466,0.0009949582,0.0009250042,0.00020823523],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0016637176,0.00016886735,0.00016705431,0.0012698217,0.00097463984,0.0024615105,0.0003882408,0.003045073,0.000023920746],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000028996092,0.00011917673,0.58174545,0.00002142034,0.00003168708,0.0000021375088,0.0037095193,0.000007852699,0.00015769232,0.41255927,0.001406939,0.0002098581],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007905217,0.00004041301,0.8763913,0.00016790377,0.000047187546,0.000001391759,0.09469143,0.0000320584,0.00003168396,0.020272937,0.007267889,0.00026529827],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.014508674,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0017685523,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.39228633,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00052984426,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00048989063,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996368},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"methods","study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W6990006116","doi":"","title":"Contract cheating and academic literacies: Exploring the landscape","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"Keele Research Repository (Keele University)","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Phenomenon; Literacy; Higher education; Social practice; Sociocultural evolution; Qualitative research; Misconduct; Dominance (genetics); Information literacy","score_opus":0.08187263687798124,"score_gpt":0.35834996539910147,"score_spread":0.2764773285211202,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6990006116","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.61215866,0.0019066666,0.0000034834716,0.000647849,0.00091264077,0.00054627744,0.000015267911,0.000098119104,0.383711],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6950868,0.008426179,0.000030407797,0.00004284476,0.0012707782,0.00002857623,0.0001223663,0.000039380255,0.2949527],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99439895,0.002362088,0.00027624425,0.00056032895,0.0015892277,0.0008131862],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99648285,0.0023221122,0.0001993113,0.00028964892,0.00044620354,0.00025986478],"candidate_categories":["sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0041186954,0.00022027655,0.00030042953,0.00061269285,0.006725134,0.0002583357,0.001166888,0.0008567892,0.00032240362],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010391145,0.00021253878,0.00012869519,0.0011399299,0.00043963027,0.0007084198,0.00021201203,0.009059537,0.000017127411],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0012595817,0.0001596024,0.015591995,0.00069733424,0.00055176864,0.001410128,0.60156584,0.000042640062,0.005110217,0.29373252,0.02564365,0.054234732],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00022875944,0.00008204393,0.0020401627,0.00022867053,0.000052292642,0.00001006926,0.26133102,0.00013010355,0.00047627007,0.00035111344,0.7347628,0.00030666494],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0088962065,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001348676,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.70911914,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005701889,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0011074874,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9977036},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6990290593","doi":"","title":"A Cultural and Global Perspective on Academic Integrity Policies and Misconduct Procedures, and their Impact on International Student Success","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"Scholarship at UWindsor (University of Windsor)","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Misconduct; Perspective (graphical); Academic standards; Learning development; Higher education; Discipline; Neglect","score_opus":0.03786491143050155,"score_gpt":0.37297217827440143,"score_spread":0.3351072668438999,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6990290593","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9607736,0.0012600609,7.8152453e-7,0.004913918,0.00035587134,0.0004398277,0.0005034272,0.000043128894,0.03170938],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99005395,0.002833367,0.000024595549,0.00019181448,0.00016454897,0.000001090053,0.00015393413,0.000009859259,0.006566846],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99770665,0.00039321848,0.00020376849,0.0006707168,0.00064908835,0.00037654772],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99849844,0.00032193973,0.0003250866,0.00014712125,0.0004591598,0.00024822785],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009486637,0.0004236415,0.0005184776,0.0003134261,0.0010693647,0.00014866069,0.00074470753,0.0018063319,0.000102160724],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00080338883,0.00037472363,0.00016251953,0.00030940282,0.00058811315,0.0007505871,0.00019905259,0.0039704735,0.000005215532],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0046429234,0.00031497778,0.40527198,0.00039151259,0.0015312302,0.0000356567,0.43154794,0.0000066308276,0.0008107633,0.14595564,0.0040190187,0.0054717315],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008388651,0.00019345774,0.6685016,0.0009120175,0.00013522804,0.000009180743,0.32147992,0.0000059294093,0.00014765568,0.0058895987,0.0014559604,0.0004305781],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.012829171,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.018656615,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.26322964,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0010843553,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00061575795,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998705},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7001209076","doi":"","title":"The 2017 influx of Dickcissels in Ontario","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Digital Commons - University of South Florida (University of South Florida)","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Work (physics); Identification (biology); Natural (archaeology)","score_opus":0.025100883542010937,"score_gpt":0.21986357401596923,"score_spread":0.1947626904739583,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7001209076","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.906555,0.00019728101,0.0008908163,0.00080761884,0.00058138685,0.0002812071,0.00044821601,0.00008046889,0.090157986],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99196,0.000071927,0.00011840428,0.000008080938,0.000059794318,5.058399e-8,0.000027833723,0.000010906336,0.0077430406],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.99789727,0.00014143728,0.00028068008,0.00037642516,0.00078028854,0.0005238733],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982633,0.0005615618,0.00028825938,0.00040443274,0.0002781273,0.00020429473],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010035419,0.00022522619,0.00049335964,0.00039510868,0.0009779329,0.00007586034,0.0014968407,0.00055464084,0.00022555901],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014995017,0.00025843648,0.00037724897,0.00081077905,0.002174549,0.0011684152,0.0004575944,0.001372274,0.00008547693],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007986846,0.00010880439,0.21957293,0.00016610994,0.00041809145,0.0002343032,0.6952505,0.00015772087,0.000040252882,0.07505087,0.0048794085,0.0033223152],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0014760222,0.0002225729,0.08130154,0.0007168853,0.00025065822,0.00000401907,0.6895569,0.0003334811,0.000052111875,0.004164821,0.22119787,0.00072308764],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0764467,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.14394939,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.21631847,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00033609304,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009746627,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99998677},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7001624564","doi":"","title":"Léon Noël : \"de Laval à de Gaulle via Pétain\" : 1888-1987","year":2001,"lang":"fr","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Work (physics); Term (time); Field (mathematics); Context (archaeology)","score_opus":0.018603748775633547,"score_gpt":0.296578102332441,"score_spread":0.27797435355680744,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7001624564","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.10225693,0.0031025142,0.025929347,0.13091817,0.0019087425,0.00022254552,0.000014496382,0.0001623894,0.73548484],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.46064958,0.004823268,0.002837724,0.007301301,0.002775347,0.000008307727,0.000007625332,0.000021306005,0.52157557],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9970416,0.00065349747,0.0003155729,0.00033135156,0.0004464841,0.001211514],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99879485,0.0004220609,0.0000958472,0.00018462696,0.000072276474,0.00043036247],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.002317686,0.00022136552,0.0002542816,0.00006080151,0.000774759,0.00008360238,0.0005358472,0.0017998362,0.016373653],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00029648223,0.0002260798,0.00017732193,0.00049277366,0.0005913848,0.0003360133,0.000082327686,0.0020394395,0.0019585178],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007153286,0.00026524297,0.021076059,0.000040945888,0.00007905653,0.00020767532,0.056926474,0.000077998746,0.00096581795,0.42078373,0.38505182,0.11445366],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00022763282,0.00007083361,0.0013865719,0.000053443862,0.00004889816,0.00008322451,0.008661298,0.0033811538,0.0006483669,0.050754383,0.93435854,0.00032564843],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.048594408,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005448983,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.54930675,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003308604,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000510253,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99949604},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7005295672","doi":"","title":"Publication among academic staff and students: an analysis from the ethical perspective","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Dialnet (Universidad de la Rioja)","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Perspective (graphical); Attribution; Principal (computer security); Reflection (computer programming); Order (exchange); Academic community","score_opus":0.023261921628389567,"score_gpt":0.34100962287009406,"score_spread":0.3177477012417045,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7005295672","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9496752,0.00016389898,0.0011291009,0.019856162,0.000074840355,0.000157559,0.000041632804,0.00007456548,0.028827053],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976493,0.00023017862,0.00017551093,0.000941976,0.00032420066,0.0000036144306,0.00004177021,0.000006466074,0.00062697864],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9969201,0.0017291119,0.00011623752,0.0003004824,0.0006710816,0.00026298434],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981019,0.00095949264,0.000118459975,0.00018730933,0.00030611106,0.00032675354],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0036486941,0.00010278669,0.00016736615,0.00014795814,0.00053216633,0.00025368645,0.00072819385,0.0014022978,0.00017905196],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0017800402,0.000090849826,0.00006735645,0.0008309535,0.0008933121,0.00066538405,0.00011254012,0.0025331494,0.00002075522],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000047999732,0.000054397737,0.27684203,6.227202e-7,0.00027241715,0.000008134964,0.3880159,0.000027193963,0.000012030363,0.32309875,0.010338943,0.0012815878],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004794391,0.00004765806,0.38762492,0.000008837735,0.00047528703,6.237911e-7,0.53262967,0.0011652953,0.000005235492,0.038968,0.038380038,0.00021501532],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.07877578,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.015895722,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.28413075,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00041889597,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00032186243,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998941},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7006804744","doi":"","title":"W88-0304. Board of North American Missions. Records, 1849-1982. 3.50 linear ft.","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Hope College Digital Commons (Hope College)","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"On board; Editorial board; Drawing board; Ethnic composition","score_opus":0.024166590228440244,"score_gpt":0.2845085945914708,"score_spread":0.26034200436303057,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7006804744","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.59524363,0.0006234449,0.00014719776,0.0043699294,0.0012625151,0.0011986388,0.0047395336,0.00027296913,0.39214215],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9618876,0.00037704813,0.0010106331,0.0006779824,0.00089073693,0.00005822705,0.00014276555,0.00007284057,0.034882173],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9951691,0.0005731823,0.0010324823,0.00056600623,0.001223395,0.0014358148],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99577844,0.0012831811,0.0005836138,0.0007586821,0.00053945323,0.0010566367],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001224021,0.000536722,0.0010131339,0.00038697282,0.0012953572,0.00013595744,0.0013937575,0.000554026,0.00042696373],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0017689808,0.00051577,0.00042711603,0.0028047587,0.0015111896,0.0015907394,0.00046082956,0.0017069691,0.0005589113],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005997667,0.0012294534,0.3120862,0.00007443793,0.0002600428,0.00006517145,0.005762036,0.000021483158,0.000023764436,0.05635069,0.6063681,0.017158814],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005757429,0.00022243275,0.016162869,0.00010022185,0.0000691027,0.000017361948,0.006406265,0.00009566244,0.00011782138,0.00024791324,0.97526914,0.0007154498],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0053571383,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.012772652,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.368901,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00034146802,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009853968,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997294},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7009626689","doi":"","title":"ESL Student Plagiarism Prevention Challengesand Institutional Interventions","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scholarship at UWindsor (University of Windsor)","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Thompson Rivers University","funders":"","keywords":"Nucleofection; Dysgeusia; Subpoena; Pretext; Demotion; Circumstantial evidence","score_opus":0.06423010000036705,"score_gpt":0.32968313394863,"score_spread":0.265453033948263,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7009626689","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.93792206,0.0013817953,0.0014266169,0.0061408607,0.0006096722,0.00024615563,0.00005776502,0.00008375925,0.05213133],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97376806,0.00077658234,0.0012197747,0.000107219115,0.00018872319,8.093489e-7,0.00008675152,0.000009807278,0.023842303],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9972249,0.0008043104,0.00026209195,0.00042488996,0.0008959564,0.0003877974],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99865025,0.00016620696,0.00023080534,0.0002748541,0.0004413998,0.00023645794],"candidate_categories":["sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0021791847,0.00016071477,0.00028651772,0.00019180262,0.00186271,0.000056680026,0.0006378477,0.0009653367,0.0039437455],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00042830454,0.00021628175,0.00043725796,0.0004600674,0.0005909209,0.0010180913,0.0003449025,0.0015925415,0.00027333657],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00058765954,0.0035600057,0.21600966,0.0006067384,0.0015261853,0.000865427,0.19810764,0.00020545653,0.0068940734,0.5326661,0.009984941,0.02898614],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0041459724,0.000252173,0.52243865,0.0014464553,0.00054993527,0.00006259412,0.12041365,0.0000306302,0.0021745367,0.025456335,0.321925,0.0011040875],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00041429535,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006676364,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5072097,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00034497646,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00060261204,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99943674},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7015110686","doi":"","title":"Rezension: Stefan T. Siegel, Martin Daumiller (Hrsg.): Wissenschaft und Wahrheit. Ursachen, Folgen und Prävention wissenschaftlichen Fehlverhaltens. Verlag Barbara Budrich GmbH (Opladen, Berlin, Toronto) 2020. 114 Seiten. ISBN 978-3-8474-2429-1","year":2024,"lang":"de","type":"review","venue":"OPUS (Augsburg University)","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Context (archaeology); Term (time); Subject (documents)","score_opus":0.022106659280875397,"score_gpt":0.30411120375414036,"score_spread":0.28200454447326495,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7015110686","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0023790302,0.9505428,0.00020160015,0.0060714213,0.009633443,0.0040400615,0.00088365364,0.0008561602,0.025391797],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0026527075,0.7508308,0.00047314118,0.00042830885,0.0045409137,0.000019360621,0.0016854779,0.00037274274,0.2389965],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.98266834,0.0037468525,0.0027000974,0.004211868,0.003265051,0.003407797],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9908119,0.0011926852,0.0022636028,0.0022493564,0.0014043441,0.0020781409],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.004197735,0.003019907,0.004502498,0.0010371663,0.0030829406,0.0008798918,0.0037425975,0.008709874,0.0056820554],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008165097,0.003151476,0.0031342665,0.004210768,0.0016091802,0.0021947662,0.0018800871,0.0089762015,0.008782308],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0012547304,0.0012136919,0.00031575595,0.013874174,0.0237575,0.011661161,0.025597332,0.00013151852,0.001197994,0.07208373,0.73828954,0.1106229],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011714043,0.00040324798,0.00004337991,0.007457627,0.022151839,0.00011251562,0.008750665,0.000261597,0.00009936821,0.0010794995,0.9552514,0.003217471],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.012457328,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011014096,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.21696186,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.004937678,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0030808416,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9988822},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7015741787","doi":"","title":"Unintended Plagiarism Amongst International Students in Western Universities","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scholarship at UWindsor (University of Windsor)","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Nucleofection; Hyporeflexia; Pretext; TSG101; Articular cartilage damage; Diafiltration; Gestational period; Liquation","score_opus":0.021025724154268427,"score_gpt":0.2850070829873513,"score_spread":0.2639813588330828,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7015741787","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9531013,0.000090098656,0.000078939825,0.005908057,0.0005551334,0.00012617174,0.000057284986,0.000057205834,0.04002585],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9506621,0.00022455772,0.0003248218,0.00026962836,0.00009910063,1.7576929e-7,0.00005869416,0.000011331349,0.0483496],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99714196,0.00065521564,0.00021339055,0.0004290614,0.0011093459,0.00045102317],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987213,0.00020736268,0.00019277465,0.00025249788,0.00041894612,0.00020712256],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0015760968,0.00017528856,0.0003115407,0.00035124808,0.00064159173,0.00007837255,0.001406333,0.0009739951,0.0020622641],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00023540377,0.00024741658,0.00016822523,0.00059350656,0.00076379214,0.0012678831,0.0006012338,0.0018189591,0.00018114729],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00021208862,0.00020033286,0.9291797,0.000017370237,0.00013668647,0.0005533262,0.0566232,0.00001949503,0.00086768816,0.010909575,0.00082539057,0.000455136],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0022569436,0.00004603345,0.67123425,0.00022899418,0.000067767476,0.000015521855,0.22707696,0.000018650808,0.0008397585,0.0022552116,0.095494635,0.00046528832],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0038061019,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0223934,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.25794548,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00074019475,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005666545,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999978},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"methods","study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W7019944828","doi":"","title":"International undergraduate students’ perspectives on academic integrity: a phenomenological approach","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"Mspace (University of Manitoba)","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Promotion (chess); Learning development; Undergraduate student; Academic dishonesty; Academic writing; Study abroad; Phenomenology (philosophy)","score_opus":0.03453105402388437,"score_gpt":0.2943250233926597,"score_spread":0.2597939693687753,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7019944828","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.30896688,0.00022890966,0.0010459481,0.015544242,0.0012138125,0.00047795582,0.00008379811,0.00015275058,0.6722857],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9382187,0.007284376,0.0008687705,0.000089049005,0.0007946468,0.0000019491843,0.00021215739,0.000027632928,0.052502677],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.99731934,0.00038952066,0.00015123049,0.00055181177,0.0012291203,0.00035895198],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99874943,0.00023573123,0.00038855153,0.00018859855,0.0003075304,0.00013017531],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00090243475,0.00025455293,0.00038273714,0.0003423095,0.0006390416,0.000040652798,0.0017898642,0.0019911404,0.00013408453],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00031938628,0.0002600359,0.0002094207,0.00020873627,0.0004953352,0.00028681743,0.00012893384,0.0037088091,0.00020462583],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0016634059,0.00089288503,0.030114297,0.00013757244,0.0011663676,0.000064827655,0.1772664,0.0000056780223,0.00024446956,0.74326885,0.031082615,0.014092632],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005899126,0.000090873946,0.017784094,0.0002762246,0.00010232432,0.0000011066855,0.90364563,0.0000143549005,0.00001652591,0.008080984,0.06899898,0.0003989958],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0036929783,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.026658898,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7351879,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007370287,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00025667853,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99998516},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7023889461","doi":"","title":"Plagiarism detection software and academic integrity :\\nthe canadian perspective","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"E-LIS Repository (University of Naples Federico II)","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Plagiarism detection; Academic dishonesty; Academic institution; Work (physics); Software; Perspective (graphical); Institution; Service (business)","score_opus":0.015816985725820444,"score_gpt":0.24325847072792173,"score_spread":0.2274414850021013,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7023889461","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.89808565,0.0014107954,0.003200413,0.011023617,0.0006833636,0.00041426113,0.000043480228,0.00024173637,0.08489669],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9893307,0.0005213656,0.0019640457,0.00016861886,0.00041548585,4.900923e-7,0.000003936431,0.000010019914,0.0075853243],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983861,0.00030016995,0.0001596474,0.00037004167,0.0003847833,0.00039925278],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987997,0.0001762232,0.00018288023,0.00015330529,0.00030835814,0.00037952937],"candidate_categories":["sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006838424,0.00016222414,0.0002449382,0.00020154365,0.0036033618,0.000054893542,0.00047386778,0.0013818437,0.00020799843],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00038518733,0.0002005559,0.00010862148,0.00035152806,0.0007032777,0.0007895492,0.00012046062,0.0026744301,0.000024763865],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00046807283,0.00023459418,0.024883436,0.000086582346,0.0004953429,0.00018249995,0.76574457,0.000051504114,0.009382044,0.05641868,0.042491436,0.09956125],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00056842755,0.00014545665,0.01796553,0.00009546494,0.00012037396,0.000061271545,0.32280776,0.00036406986,0.0018695848,0.002197912,0.6532149,0.000589284],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.6528223,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.48906255,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.61072344,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0011916338,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00081751746,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999146},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":true,"confidence":"medium"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"commentary","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":true,"confidence":"low"}],"label_agreement":"agree"},{"id":"W7026487070","doi":"","title":"Actitudes sobre el plagio electrónico en las investigaciones científicas, de los estudiantes de primer año y quinto año del turno matutino y vespertino de la carrera Comunicación para el Desarrollo, durante el primer semestre de 2022","year":2022,"lang":"es","type":"dissertation","venue":"Repositorio Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Nicaragua-Managua (Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Nicaragua Managua)","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Context (archaeology); Subject (documents); Quarter (Canadian coin)","score_opus":0.008568680400841423,"score_gpt":0.2890398427357609,"score_spread":0.2804711623349195,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7026487070","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95723903,0.007276272,0.00072629214,0.009472028,0.0016089712,0.0025914817,0.0008939025,0.0010764942,0.01911553],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96996856,0.006935714,0.006231743,0.001413601,0.0020100577,0.000275541,0.0016669701,0.00051638053,0.010981428],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9752244,0.007873478,0.0028327117,0.004357299,0.0039430824,0.005769079],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9842534,0.005637023,0.0035337512,0.0024402682,0.0011453547,0.0029901995],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","scholarly_communication","open_science","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0071193343,0.0034195164,0.0034304594,0.0030888666,0.007104842,0.0011846063,0.0077649304,0.0072033405,0.0009001901],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0017807682,0.0043587955,0.003181507,0.004110252,0.0025479216,0.0028159437,0.0020554652,0.012848753,0.00018731652],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":true,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00689664,0.00368434,0.10357236,0.0015038644,0.009838556,0.013017137,0.05869901,0.0111108925,0.09438032,0.67797333,0.015449794,0.0038737333],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.009939091,0.0015619863,0.4585589,0.0031792703,0.008980885,0.007221945,0.099489056,0.025709191,0.008909396,0.0125719225,0.3535124,0.010365954],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.014932949,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011330349,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6654014,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.02510278,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.024785414,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99985224},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7027566547","doi":"","title":"Creating an Educative Approach to Academic Integrity within an Ontario College Public–Private Partnership","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scholarship@Western (Western University)","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; General partnership; Transformational leadership; Higher education; Curriculum; Workforce development; Workforce; Transformative learning","score_opus":0.21382541729705376,"score_gpt":0.3864244623085518,"score_spread":0.17259904501149806,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7027566547","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97332615,0.00006312216,0.0011478368,0.0019805653,0.0007599845,0.00072178215,0.00006575262,0.00059374684,0.021341085],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96294075,0.0000223503,0.00069845724,0.00089025334,0.00072062865,0.000008123877,0.00008434791,0.000055547043,0.034579534],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9938945,0.002203132,0.00048417426,0.0012907122,0.0010101452,0.0011173259],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99703705,0.00039471214,0.00019682082,0.0005789989,0.00033529874,0.0014571438],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","scholarly_communication","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0050967275,0.0004942092,0.0004894912,0.000857026,0.0014772714,0.0010592116,0.002302325,0.0017116341,0.00013180981],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005744051,0.0005370138,0.00017112061,0.0016818382,0.00049337774,0.0076532783,0.0003780389,0.009012311,0.00030853832],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011497893,0.00020698339,0.6668521,0.00005205716,0.00009613217,0.00012189898,0.20416732,0.000017649962,0.0001248231,0.12775646,0.00002290098,0.0004666862],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011892325,0.0007616847,0.6016375,0.001318648,0.00042224003,0.00012469669,0.20673248,0.000026450325,0.0010399247,0.015457555,0.16811118,0.0031784582],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0051005133,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.25639078,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2512903,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0021124445,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0028368514,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99997777},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7032887647","doi":"","title":"Orchid Island Capital Announces Third Quarter 2017 Results","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Quarter (Canadian coin); Capital (architecture); Work (physics); Investment (military)","score_opus":0.02239066523448779,"score_gpt":0.3079197961468759,"score_spread":0.28552913091238813,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7032887647","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000011926509,0.0007038078,0.00006518607,0.0039973008,0.002019005,0.00024426053,0.0005123941,0.00021275348,0.99223334],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0008172964,0.0017617155,0.00017843321,0.0002937318,0.004257962,0.000006038328,0.000088196364,0.000049895436,0.99254674],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981883,0.00019945964,0.00018770139,0.0004000018,0.0005810022,0.0004435006],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988748,0.00014225776,0.00035356963,0.00043895835,0.000055839533,0.00013460414],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012161111,0.00023537425,0.00032247845,0.000111599235,0.00068028166,0.00022240751,0.0009959483,0.0023776237,0.0025139425],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00049203145,0.0001816725,0.000113494745,0.000037278074,0.0006436321,0.00016226557,0.000052285282,0.0013921086,0.00221403],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013856288,0.000009862784,0.000045110522,0.00000844673,0.00003550143,0.000014299788,0.009565194,2.1632943e-8,5.5968917e-7,0.009874155,0.98003083,0.00040217067],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00020194391,0.000025176472,0.000023324355,0.0001531747,0.000018096207,0.000001726652,0.00226939,0.0000016078185,0.000001202502,0.0021552425,0.9948554,0.00029368387],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0733982,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.20466167,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.13126346,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000038857226,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00033052365,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9989175},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7032911575","doi":"","title":"Pirate Life: measuring success through the balanced score card","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"Revista de Estudos Anglo-Portugueses/Journal of Anglo-Portuguese Studies","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Measure (data warehouse); Report card; Work (physics); Balanced scorecard; Calibration; Order (exchange)","score_opus":0.07814752095058841,"score_gpt":0.36610991674103516,"score_spread":0.28796239579044675,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7032911575","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.3824565,0.49833795,0.000095525495,0.0059906174,0.01223347,0.0027508924,0.0002697447,0.00030477977,0.09756051],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7452184,0.23443112,0.00025432534,0.00083780795,0.008085812,0.00009542773,0.00015762239,0.00018785865,0.010731655],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9888561,0.0013788852,0.0030760888,0.0010322294,0.003847208,0.0018095283],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9852197,0.0011783448,0.007345906,0.0013347194,0.004181518,0.00073980406],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.010042758,0.0013774787,0.003320134,0.00040554747,0.0038140228,0.0007765459,0.0039310427,0.0019536873,0.00015831059],"category_scores_gemma":[0.014466011,0.0010080683,0.0015990294,0.0008221663,0.0016895954,0.0017148829,0.0002619201,0.006063428,0.000044058885],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0028494098,0.0012243459,0.12646498,0.006174455,0.02123972,0.009139241,0.35820818,0.00014130658,0.00078367366,0.038959995,0.3330762,0.1017385],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003073129,0.0010431559,0.12977256,0.018780546,0.0072049927,0.00054286735,0.27959648,0.000015308744,0.00076044153,0.006430577,0.5481913,0.0045886147],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0029889904,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0028477632,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.36276186,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008455949,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0048220158,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998976},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7032923074","doi":"","title":"The Optimization of Lateral Ankle Sprain Management Practices Among Physiotherapists in the Canadian Armed Forces","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"TSpace (University of Toronto)","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Rehabilitation Institute","funders":"","keywords":"Rehabilitation; Randomized controlled trial; Balance (ability); Ankle; Ankle sprain; Medical prescription; Exercise prescription; Best practice","score_opus":0.01726237474986827,"score_gpt":0.3028462006337098,"score_spread":0.28558382588384157,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7032923074","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.22269759,0.00097367086,0.000027293981,0.0052385028,0.00043229476,0.0010104468,0.000022414793,0.000016680357,0.7695811],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9722338,0.0020882655,0.00033736127,0.000032385728,0.000054238193,0.0000010226163,0.000090287824,0.0000063579364,0.025156328],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.998625,0.0004168799,0.00009234465,0.00013648208,0.00052429776,0.00020504028],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989087,0.0001532979,0.00057468965,0.00014671899,0.00015527496,0.00006131488],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0016815608,0.00009553102,0.00014931147,0.000047733603,0.00062145153,0.000046714547,0.00079742394,0.00041835578,0.00080691144],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009843633,0.000081723425,0.00005862762,0.00010365256,0.00021130027,0.00045502986,0.000017123253,0.00035596706,0.0000020025227],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002727217,0.00005484816,0.0021692058,0.00017044165,0.00017453493,0.000014704908,0.9604222,0.00058931793,0.000006414836,0.013526851,0.007769641,0.014829082],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00035667678,0.00004601957,0.13356301,0.00019229593,0.00007594425,1.429114e-7,0.83986175,0.0007565357,0.0000030491901,0.000552008,0.024398334,0.00019424596],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.988291,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9991362,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.74953616,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004512753,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00036591908,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8835114},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7032939176","doi":"","title":"Observations and interspecific pairing of a Violet-green Swallow and Tree Swallow in northwestern Ontario","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Digital Commons - University of South Florida (University of South Florida)","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"NOSM University; Northern Ontario Academic Medicine Association","funders":"","keywords":"Tree (set theory); Pairing; Interspecific competition; Phylogenetic tree; Population","score_opus":0.0306283129254647,"score_gpt":0.20685339484519127,"score_spread":0.17622508191972658,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7032939176","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98681587,0.00016170059,0.0011464322,0.00058353745,0.00018959958,0.00022679295,0.0005147429,0.000065701126,0.010295634],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99725944,0.00007665998,0.00033362323,0.000009088474,0.00004315003,6.180171e-8,0.000036305813,0.000010995702,0.0022306594],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984058,0.000085598076,0.0002369645,0.00042148805,0.0005192026,0.00033091873],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988963,0.00026328771,0.0001923741,0.00022888051,0.0002195471,0.0001995929],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00043237634,0.00021563351,0.00048438035,0.00049519475,0.00039433583,0.000060095615,0.0005774869,0.0004108684,0.000080164114],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000042166124,0.0002933435,0.00019163864,0.00060213276,0.0012673634,0.0012484007,0.00039999175,0.0008252945,0.00000885707],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000227407,0.000047429297,0.49897432,0.00015682833,0.00015078897,0.0000900931,0.49102944,0.000018381643,0.000035078963,0.006208217,0.00013743032,0.0029245866],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0014893579,0.00021718469,0.3186377,0.0010203327,0.00021535519,0.000003935652,0.65741056,0.0007645355,0.0000131055895,0.0012348164,0.018407146,0.0005860029],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.095660105,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.31023565,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.21457553,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00027653528,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004024957,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999519},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7033525068","doi":"","title":"Protocol for a Composite Ethnography","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"SocArXiv (OSF Preprints)","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Ethnography; Proposition; Normative; Tacit knowledge; Space (punctuation); Participant observation","score_opus":0.06829920997651308,"score_gpt":0.39101833308062856,"score_spread":0.3227191231041155,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7033525068","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"protocol","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"protocol","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00045859136,0.000007810414,0.015802525,0.0059180637,0.0012538077,0.30095845,0.0002615682,0.0005106909,0.6748285],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0041107265,0.000051308773,0.0097627,0.0016884614,0.0013485185,0.91411173,0.000087239474,0.000044888337,0.06879444],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9955894,0.0010288379,0.0006409165,0.0014335199,0.00058754644,0.000719819],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99661857,0.001070396,0.00042390113,0.0011614765,0.000506988,0.0002186769],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00715224,0.00041602706,0.000605499,0.00026596047,0.001048096,0.0002439783,0.0019456965,0.0034377994,0.0046697175],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0016875417,0.00045342764,0.00078360765,0.00034881028,0.00064626825,0.00013456977,0.0012459789,0.004280066,0.0022249185],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007738937,0.0006303746,0.021993428,0.0037265993,0.0011086444,0.000011154767,0.07742626,0.00072946487,0.00014577698,0.34503233,0.5205976,0.027824506],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005978124,0.0000036657295,0.00027779542,0.0006489453,0.00009488704,3.5121644e-7,0.0012029427,0.00031713012,0.00036911594,0.17689723,0.8190905,0.00049963256],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0033915495,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005033221,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6131533,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00028020176,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001376446,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99979174},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7033859725","doi":"","title":"Soil Properties and Trace Gas Fluxes in a Chronosequence of Permafrost Disturbances, Cape Bounty, Melville Island, Nunavut","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"QSpace (Queen's University Library)","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Permafrost; Chronosequence; Thermokarst; Tundra; Arctic; Soil carbon; Trace gas; Disturbance (geology); Hydrology (agriculture)","score_opus":0.011306596486219338,"score_gpt":0.21205431985374035,"score_spread":0.200747723367521,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7033859725","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94537985,0.0010500632,0.000003327784,0.016736548,0.00045375086,0.00057324086,0.00047572737,0.00018475064,0.035142764],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6424419,0.011769063,0.000076584416,0.00004798983,0.0001457981,0.0000035803894,0.00055240636,0.000040414427,0.3449222],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9979528,0.00035606467,0.00024018122,0.0005067199,0.0004818229,0.00046240317],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99911743,0.00018102424,0.00027911554,0.00019245483,0.000079886275,0.00015009454],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021841368,0.0003087989,0.00049909274,0.0003502688,0.0004909287,0.000098915625,0.0006425825,0.0011333962,0.00029644702],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014786914,0.00032408102,0.000117597,0.00067643245,0.0005792561,0.0014279186,0.00010855168,0.0013426057,0.000023082746],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0013546547,0.0003047829,0.19492531,0.0023526829,0.00033198044,0.00055972236,0.3858778,0.00009678612,0.00032608953,0.030707989,0.3810645,0.0020977124],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015547799,0.00026475982,0.0703743,0.0033844102,0.00027534133,0.0000014611254,0.49797514,0.000059076414,0.004433157,0.0033694312,0.41621807,0.0020900692],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.13254727,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.096666865,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.30977944,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017622358,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0010650046,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99992114},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7034538383","doi":"","title":"Toronto stocks rise; Air Canada shares soar on improving… – Marketscreener.com","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Soar; Climate change","score_opus":0.012051250427805945,"score_gpt":0.265544267738036,"score_spread":0.25349301731023005,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7034538383","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000004478872,0.0006571571,0.00007446668,0.0034462186,0.0019729286,0.0003887757,0.00045848291,0.0007949524,0.9922025],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0005318274,0.000636885,0.000116264535,0.0018353076,0.0019906627,0.000028898725,0.000033167646,0.0003673819,0.9944596],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99748284,0.00024226749,0.00022386032,0.0004764324,0.0009591265,0.00061547355],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988487,0.00036816936,0.00017678924,0.0003103396,0.000047657242,0.0002483961],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007991684,0.00031133764,0.0003480067,0.000061918196,0.00036089067,0.000044766373,0.0007912357,0.0018663856,0.0445641],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00046864068,0.00027529054,0.00010583123,0.00010934713,0.00013257557,0.00008656154,0.000093329545,0.0012051517,0.00028246053],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009305611,0.000007772572,0.000051797582,0.000015726666,0.00004429166,0.000016071994,0.00029063135,6.6326453e-7,3.6401676e-7,0.010775902,0.9734416,0.015345861],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008828854,0.000021918817,0.00009112225,0.00011875473,0.000020057032,2.2491437e-7,0.002801272,0.000022809289,0.0000031706682,0.000121397126,0.9963385,0.00037251797],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9993094,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9998837,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.04428164,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0010505158,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0017720793,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999699},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7034571296","doi":"","title":"Urban Choreographics: Tracing the Extralinguistic Pedagogies of Montreal’s Underground Metro System","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"Spectrum Research Repository (Concordia University)","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Gesture; Embodied cognition; Movement (music); Normative; Architecture; Ethnography; Public space; Space (punctuation); Field (mathematics); Everyday life; Tracing","score_opus":0.03959381709743956,"score_gpt":0.32848334350451225,"score_spread":0.28888952640707266,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7034571296","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.33827147,0.0027375126,0.000031057527,0.000529463,0.0026453051,0.00062610925,0.000026109816,0.00019215408,0.65494084],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.872423,0.00080461445,0.000005787261,0.0000026351452,0.0012568092,0.000004448956,0.000039058294,0.000036974314,0.12542671],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9941817,0.0020527507,0.00043967678,0.00067153736,0.0017695146,0.00088485103],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9964822,0.0017909115,0.00031489343,0.0005246345,0.00064102665,0.0002463505],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.003339183,0.0003129021,0.0005170149,0.0014924406,0.0023016438,0.00034933025,0.0015987933,0.001348568,0.0000352756],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006585671,0.0002789812,0.00045871362,0.00218724,0.0011445708,0.00023758624,0.000110396104,0.0049472908,0.000028302018],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000620341,0.00009508177,0.013721178,0.0022531147,0.0011780384,0.0017685944,0.08735303,0.000014503068,0.00045867698,0.8771302,0.014682043,0.00072518474],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00030905416,0.00023801628,0.013696689,0.0017753287,0.00071718375,0.000012971631,0.86180556,0.00013576749,0.0016393313,0.008197399,0.11080045,0.000672224],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.4187935,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.4297629,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.86893284,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001316998,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0025062312,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99996626},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7034573413","doi":"","title":"Time dependent behaviour of reinforced embankments on soft foundations","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"Library and Archives Canada (Government of Canada)","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Deformation (meteorology); Foundation (evidence); Settlement (finance); Levee","score_opus":0.005713036252507581,"score_gpt":0.19128712923338256,"score_spread":0.185574092980875,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7034573413","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00072806265,0.000086977285,0.0000565998,0.0016145027,0.00026253588,0.00024098663,0.0005236941,0.000015723554,0.9964709],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.044465188,0.00039943637,0.00018119255,0.0007278569,0.00015750405,0.0000057568122,0.000038944938,0.000057656303,0.95396644],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99697465,0.00010861994,0.00027213705,0.00020314427,0.0021645126,0.00027695793],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99907404,0.00022468339,0.00033453348,0.00016299753,7.3407824e-7,0.0002029898],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00002936761,0.00018294396,0.00028236952,0.00004756245,0.00019962432,0.000014256925,0.00034088,0.00020972715,0.002648422],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000012770545,0.00018592752,0.00003685682,0.000068652946,0.00019828127,0.00012376833,0.00006993349,0.0004126574,4.7483443e-8],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003073493,0.0000806779,0.007910519,0.0002852013,0.0003438391,0.000121631034,0.0015206102,0.000105945175,0.0010319554,0.4318884,0.54524684,0.011157043],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00034542903,0.000073882424,0.00078148826,0.0004991363,0.00007013515,0.0000018294274,0.005208462,0.0001253653,0.0030819117,0.0007049379,0.9886846,0.00042280593],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.10263617,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.16429836,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4434378,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000016408247,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0022824397,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9982633},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7034603491","doi":"","title":"Utilization profile of the trauma intensive care unit at the Role 3 Multinational Medical Init at Kandahar Airfield between May 1 and Oct. 15, 2009.","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scholarship@Western (Western University)","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Cryoprecipitate; Intensive care unit; Mechanical ventilation; Anesthesiology; Intensive care; Fresh frozen plasma; Blood transfusion; Mortality rate","score_opus":0.1553391324149777,"score_gpt":0.34630327080597423,"score_spread":0.19096413839099652,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7034603491","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99164623,0.00021930889,0.000052447118,0.0011334153,0.00017317172,0.00036432178,0.00015697852,0.00003715113,0.0062169638],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98993415,0.00007170165,0.000008867697,0.00051312236,0.0001053368,0.0000013024986,0.000041639225,0.000011799077,0.0093121],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9976008,0.0007808586,0.00022959305,0.0003000629,0.00078288995,0.0003057997],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99831057,0.00034700608,0.00022949155,0.00024123702,0.00068652304,0.00018519672],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008394915,0.0001699855,0.00020280996,0.0001203379,0.0010213953,0.000040125622,0.0008838535,0.00073565805,0.00070749206],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006330954,0.00012797932,0.000095894844,0.00036632136,0.000847654,0.00057159807,0.00058193394,0.0011377997,0.000058267226],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000058335427,0.000013186824,0.9633295,0.000016177457,0.000034607638,0.000008733072,0.033539854,4.0757988e-7,0.0000166149,0.0007984493,0.000010714806,0.0021734498],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00051915157,0.000049256887,0.9383305,0.00014291616,0.00009129073,0.000007256606,0.03360364,6.757129e-7,0.005324706,0.00027887675,0.021466581,0.00018516352],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002654159,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.018969158,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.024998983,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016751501,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00020658161,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9989321},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7034747234","doi":"","title":"Venture Investment into U.S. Companies Levels Off in Second Quarter of 2011 (PRN)","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Quarter (Canadian coin); Investment (military); Venture capital; Work (physics)","score_opus":0.030180302677070756,"score_gpt":0.2831037098694775,"score_spread":0.25292340719240675,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7034747234","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00032743657,0.0020447965,0.000027952121,0.00043170864,0.0005497321,0.00028924856,0.00005161952,0.00005128169,0.99622625],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.017842311,0.00042285462,0.0009128632,0.0012817098,0.00039724045,0.00000842687,0.000019107187,0.000073324416,0.9790422],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99870205,0.00022852352,0.00028484632,0.00022867246,0.00029961372,0.00025629584],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994316,0.00006114542,0.00021504647,0.00017613856,0.000034246885,0.00008179993],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00062307774,0.00018489908,0.00038759955,0.00021156197,0.000049381684,0.000011564672,0.0004269901,0.0016789926,0.1665253],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000031545747,0.00015770008,0.00008024304,0.000088609915,0.0003610111,0.0000716159,0.00004433365,0.0009716552,0.00068462285],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000041470767,0.000040832205,0.00028583573,0.00005102188,0.00003369447,0.0000020683162,0.032212514,3.572261e-8,0.0000038502003,0.13916281,0.8277824,0.0004208195],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00013136955,0.000028262992,0.0004877324,0.00014534462,0.000011344861,2.6971986e-7,0.0068299733,8.3225126e-7,0.000045010736,0.022623966,0.96950215,0.0001937381],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.05358999,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.15336825,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.16584069,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000691395,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00020028967,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99961704},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7036206369","doi":"","title":"Bank of Montreal Can Increases Position in Covanta Holding Corp (NYSE:CVA)","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Position (finance); Government (linguistics); Subject (documents); Payment","score_opus":0.01626067028784999,"score_gpt":0.29205547380765146,"score_spread":0.27579480351980146,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7036206369","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.004251741,0.00015581647,0.0000901821,0.0003882718,0.0002489305,0.00021852754,0.000093895076,0.00007951358,0.9944731],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.14291708,0.0011016462,0.00049509073,0.00040773014,0.001223153,0.000007862647,0.000101883925,0.00009160913,0.85365397],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987088,0.00025197433,0.00021340455,0.00021593775,0.00035285266,0.0002570692],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993872,0.00016117662,0.00020231491,0.00012281566,0.00004984035,0.00007665991],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007079203,0.00014304629,0.0002902771,0.00022860891,0.00008631918,0.000019303323,0.00028840528,0.0013411669,0.009498589],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00022018349,0.00013316996,0.00005791207,0.00019548452,0.00034040687,0.00005389199,0.000037283287,0.000481406,0.000094306204],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000021960846,0.00006874203,0.003770467,0.000029107783,0.000036438232,0.000012712833,0.0024975769,1.5807717e-7,0.000057763486,0.02817977,0.96336055,0.0019647756],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009937455,0.00014841852,0.0036804006,0.0016887939,0.00012765301,0.000008479415,0.008608786,0.000050666116,0.0006670869,0.010864509,0.9722409,0.00092055195],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.7253064,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.4863143,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2389921,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000117268464,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00028271816,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999553},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7037194096","doi":"","title":"Die Anerkennung und Vollstreckung ausländischer Urteile nach kanadischem Recht (zu Supreme Court of Canada, 18.12.2003 - Beals v. Saldanha)","year":2007,"lang":"de","type":"article","venue":"Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Supreme court; Jurisprudence; Right to die; State (computer science)","score_opus":0.033015540017588614,"score_gpt":0.28400011988783813,"score_spread":0.2509845798702495,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7037194096","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.64022106,0.005035207,0.009992458,0.004531926,0.04065607,0.0052077705,0.027097587,0.00034120155,0.26691672],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.95013046,0.00076257373,0.007511328,0.001022013,0.009796198,0.00007666735,0.0046138642,0.00019428613,0.025892608],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99372524,0.00020520524,0.0013704292,0.0009699028,0.0015889754,0.0021402712],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99593467,0.0009665998,0.0009496103,0.0006290363,0.0007527107,0.000767351],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0028468366,0.00083179685,0.0012256257,0.00014492859,0.0015722841,0.00014424502,0.0012545421,0.0018643471,0.00017660283],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010345967,0.0008933385,0.00031471832,0.00094368804,0.0009926385,0.0009113899,0.00015834745,0.002435296,0.00006815871],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00098608,0.0006475824,0.010572884,0.0009476384,0.002131516,0.0002574546,0.012070063,0.0013055467,0.0015529552,0.11674417,0.8419089,0.010875264],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013154148,0.00016944502,0.00084776315,0.0004479997,0.0006894911,0.000006517019,0.0020423965,0.002075342,0.013715825,0.0023075175,0.9751844,0.0011979042],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.50069475,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.8474215,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.34672678,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0011902389,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.005617226,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998661},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7038025320","doi":"","title":"Feature Story: President and Vice-Chancellor Dr. Vianne Timmons receives honorary degree","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"oURspace (University of Regina)","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Feature (linguistics); Institution; Officer; Degree (music); Indigenous; Order (exchange); Service (business)","score_opus":0.016888417666571058,"score_gpt":0.2296196081167616,"score_spread":0.21273119045019054,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7038025320","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00032721576,0.0038469934,0.00021391257,0.70258105,0.0004092413,0.00033383528,0.000069564245,0.000100306446,0.29211786],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0000660892,0.00859863,0.001094961,0.00006699863,0.00025398872,2.4971962e-7,0.000016201584,0.00006619109,0.9898367],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99854046,0.00030985576,0.000008834554,0.00040973967,0.00040066446,0.00033046684],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99899507,0.00013492479,0.00033635978,0.0002915073,0.00007198429,0.00017016062],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00042913534,0.00022371156,0.00041990343,0.00025495398,0.0003723006,0.000025100642,0.000571368,0.0017005153,0.00012351412],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006465305,0.00027402214,0.00011506627,0.00020271001,0.00070056407,0.0002143489,0.000131933,0.0013786351,0.00018405172],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000026382622,0.000007177678,0.00024560984,0.0000867245,0.00007673519,0.000025572925,0.0041804137,5.499605e-7,0.00001703284,0.0026588624,0.9913525,0.0013224264],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00025095188,0.00004525175,0.0001536955,0.00041200087,0.000095502764,0.0000021098626,0.024927083,0.000006056891,0.00000441781,0.000018192635,0.9738045,0.00028026453],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000989448,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.011998952,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.70251405,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010703542,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002981283,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999712},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7038966416","doi":"","title":"La gentrification liminale et ses ambiguïtés : Ethnographie d’un café coopératif à Montréal","year":2021,"lang":"fr","type":"dissertation","venue":"EspaceINRS Institutional Digital Repository (Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique)","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Calendering; Gentrification; Locale (computer software)","score_opus":0.07763592026283393,"score_gpt":0.34809413612946893,"score_spread":0.270458215866635,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7038966416","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.20575441,0.00799854,0.010197541,0.0055153803,0.006985042,0.0012776067,0.000768606,0.00034146057,0.7611614],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8052528,0.0044063446,0.011418843,0.00065360154,0.0013685381,0.0003609793,0.004767687,0.00008729989,0.17168394],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.98470044,0.007411274,0.0013928567,0.0017041971,0.0037851087,0.0010061403],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.98703676,0.0073487824,0.00094605575,0.0004780869,0.003473472,0.00071684516],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","sts","scholarly_communication","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["sts","research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.013075616,0.00094125286,0.0007453385,0.0008000055,0.004148884,0.00255931,0.0012155622,0.0070331283,0.0002273093],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02149059,0.0010692878,0.0008526345,0.003216009,0.0047914684,0.0030888217,0.00017543696,0.007858677,0.00029402156],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":true,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00027589113,0.0014943139,0.0020069457,0.0005244297,0.0006183271,0.00045272452,0.03566932,0.0052484768,0.008496611,0.91439044,0.012823944,0.017998567],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00103318,0.00007288619,0.0112805255,0.0024628218,0.0003757224,0.0007449415,0.014822567,0.0026866677,0.015397623,0.028055571,0.92115325,0.0019142687],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0045187264,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0025369665,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9083293,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0039754976,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.019213779,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99984807},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7039879099","doi":"","title":"Numerical studies on winter precipitation type formation","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"eScholarship@McGill (McGill)","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Precipitation; Type (biology); Numerical models; Atmospheric models","score_opus":0.03775642449735899,"score_gpt":0.3254039613877656,"score_spread":0.2876475368904066,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7039879099","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.60731757,0.00049556646,9.93278e-7,0.0002900082,0.007165187,0.0010135967,0.00021771312,0.00039220956,0.3831072],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97911143,0.0010653052,0.00030922028,0.00073989853,0.0002913042,0.00008586158,0.0008626187,0.00008359456,0.017450735],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9956759,0.0008082122,0.0008517391,0.0006854694,0.001329047,0.00064961397],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9971895,0.0005848225,0.00068047014,0.00030420994,0.0010018811,0.00023910229],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0021232245,0.0005283502,0.00059358886,0.0003461122,0.0022795936,0.00010345895,0.0005989601,0.00226426,0.0003099072],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0053595863,0.00052921614,0.00026819104,0.00065045425,0.00012675936,0.0013236812,0.000038576272,0.003744358,0.0015784742],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00081431225,0.0002895772,0.000014348053,0.0004993251,0.00044246623,0.00003640261,0.005393664,0.00031611414,0.0016644297,0.8840704,0.00035685766,0.106102124],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015022947,0.0009827173,0.000568896,0.003662606,0.00054115296,0.000013920949,0.047869235,0.000039011065,0.048426017,0.4225459,0.47110957,0.0027386767],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007806936,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0036738233,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.47075272,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0021877792,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018117529,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997159},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7043976898","doi":"","title":"University students’ reactions to a peer’s cheating behavior","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"eScholarship@McGill (McGill)","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada; McGill University","keywords":"Cheating; Witness; Academic dishonesty; Grading (engineering); Dishonesty","score_opus":0.02948989476851309,"score_gpt":0.3168272164199106,"score_spread":0.28733732165139747,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7043976898","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7003459,0.000015098601,3.300403e-7,0.00011341319,0.0021553282,0.00073185196,0.00068676844,0.00026183156,0.2956895],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7015457,0.00015025653,0.0011164058,0.00027830547,0.00035367606,0.0000475295,0.0005765872,0.00009077385,0.29584074],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99456465,0.0007771687,0.0005709299,0.0009652354,0.0022417246,0.0008802903],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9967128,0.00031956713,0.000455029,0.0004685746,0.0013882653,0.0006557501],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0037082932,0.0004977091,0.00052443804,0.00047297514,0.0055349064,0.00016936386,0.0016284668,0.002772264,0.0013013259],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0033890777,0.00061735924,0.00032153432,0.0010116934,0.00014656088,0.00086635957,0.00018242792,0.0043486007,0.0014881947],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00095240655,0.0016701402,0.0028068034,0.00039715436,0.0008520241,0.0004896571,0.008494598,0.000007919426,0.021027565,0.6867647,0.0023710688,0.27416596],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00031688952,0.000094791496,0.002645305,0.00033719253,0.0003112773,0.0000048153584,0.026598629,7.232544e-7,0.0024242897,0.0025346286,0.9639335,0.0007979132],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.016855685,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.03605796,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.96156245,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0020930264,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00023041572,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99962777},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7045825188","doi":"","title":"Community-based conservation and protected areas in Namibia","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"UNAM Scholarly Repository (University of Namibia)","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Degree (music); Work (physics); Biodiversity conservation; Natural resource","score_opus":0.019438364509005754,"score_gpt":0.24646158600658463,"score_spread":0.22702322149757886,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7045825188","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.967176,0.00016771615,0.00014847617,0.0007201248,0.0003602251,0.0006224255,0.000017838222,0.00009269354,0.030694505],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98578745,0.000091868766,0.00080158835,0.00014347195,0.000071419556,0.0000018727743,0.00047057914,0.000021210812,0.012610548],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9959374,0.002511869,0.00029379074,0.00033408622,0.0006425206,0.00028031686],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99782896,0.0004163336,0.0005815689,0.00033064565,0.00069502974,0.00014744127],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.002700931,0.0002209495,0.0004565036,0.00042830748,0.0018123386,0.00017990747,0.00067401235,0.0021141847,0.000029581666],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00069608307,0.0003160842,0.000117936215,0.00052971905,0.00041057734,0.0010390842,0.0000457634,0.0045516356,0.000007892233],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0060531273,0.0017441306,0.36550617,0.0053036064,0.0006893713,0.0004519101,0.5123776,0.000093437244,0.031925112,0.04136584,0.010146381,0.024343284],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0046908343,0.00052999816,0.70228904,0.00407231,0.00046322623,0.000010911263,0.1559847,0.0017999612,0.00074735045,0.0042107035,0.12342041,0.0017805347],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0735672,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.052177757,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.35639292,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003007638,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00076108193,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99992913},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7067346643","doi":"","title":"Les règles sur l'intégrité académique des étudiants dans les universités au Québec 2010-2020","year":2021,"lang":"fr","type":"other","venue":"Archipelago (University of Quebec in Montreal)","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Context (archaeology); Legislation; Work (physics)","score_opus":0.024968103187578784,"score_gpt":0.23247856525331126,"score_spread":0.20751046206573248,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7067346643","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7257539,0.0029453593,0.00094987894,0.004754661,0.00039214315,0.0003984554,0.0002203302,0.00005866955,0.2645266],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.48674282,0.008798491,0.0013548869,0.000051357812,0.00034345026,7.6935976e-7,0.00010209273,0.00008007933,0.50252604],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99531937,0.0016415075,0.00043495378,0.0009330407,0.0006572006,0.0010139092],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99718,0.0010968135,0.0005777401,0.00047219958,0.000244171,0.00042910242],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["sts","research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00085616007,0.00063625874,0.0011155688,0.0004760288,0.0013944271,0.0000320201,0.0016972148,0.0028605044,0.007784141],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003209131,0.00081926945,0.00054485595,0.0009679601,0.0042153145,0.0005429925,0.00054025336,0.0031985063,0.00013922185],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00018126909,0.00043054493,0.18792664,0.00044968192,0.00043134997,0.0010139256,0.38094118,0.00013931596,0.000208129,0.028588265,0.005780018,0.3939097],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010638143,0.00008173333,0.5558163,0.00191218,0.00025773852,0.000016382135,0.3907385,0.00024105646,0.00002563759,0.0038532943,0.04513681,0.00085660815],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.99874103,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9999605,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.39305308,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0022586153,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0034354134,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99990565},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7068972959","doi":"","title":"Cincinnati, Ohio","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"OhioLink ETD Center (Ohio Library and Information Network)","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Period (music); Stage (stratigraphy); Quarter (Canadian coin)","score_opus":0.009375778577711286,"score_gpt":0.22661670380215,"score_spread":0.2172409252244387,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7068972959","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0000027993144,0.0012973023,0.00041312337,0.0038906864,0.0012815546,0.0004761998,0.00014580572,0.00059280376,0.9918997],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0022195661,0.046083488,0.0020496014,0.03390453,0.0099583715,0.000027277283,0.002555606,0.00019134427,0.9030102],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.997807,0.0002800975,0.00056753383,0.00024148087,0.00043336462,0.00067047],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99884105,0.000102516125,0.0004901518,0.00024813265,0.000024751678,0.00029337464],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00048344792,0.000366553,0.00040891944,0.0002830264,0.00045466906,0.00035809222,0.00050917466,0.0020216368,0.008727306],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000038657683,0.0003487012,0.00012663049,0.00039194626,0.00020783446,0.005733813,0.000121726334,0.0016065496,0.00039524763],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012527117,0.000008384482,0.000024285531,0.000026548902,0.000019694287,0.0000011598954,0.00074660545,0.000004163434,2.4012962e-8,0.46369755,0.52306056,0.01239849],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00034769785,0.000029904033,0.0001018978,0.0004524979,0.00001925461,0.00000427575,0.0000496355,0.000113865666,0.0000014972424,0.0026921267,0.9957889,0.00039849096],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000034228776,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000028147604,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.47272828,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002312291,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018869413,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998965},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7088049368","doi":"10.6084/m9.figshare.30334888","title":"Additional file 2 of “What are you afraid of?” A mixed methods exploration of serious illness communication with oncology patients on general internal medicine wards in Canada","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Figshare","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; University Health Network","funders":"","keywords":"MEDLINE; Internal communications; Palliative care; Continuity of care","score_opus":0.03639533431914105,"score_gpt":0.3403221728012852,"score_spread":0.30392683848214413,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7088049368","genre_codex":"dataset","genre_gemma":"dataset","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"dataset","genre_consensus":"dataset","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0027116344,0.00008636377,0.000012965309,0.0010606973,0.00010972983,0.00021763476,0.986687,0.0000052875416,0.009108662],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.17407127,0.000058424674,0.002640509,0.0004649402,0.00007448733,0.00044065938,0.8215775,0.000008152564,0.00066407304],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986732,0.0005620197,0.00028274316,0.00009788486,0.0002874243,0.00009673226],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99709094,0.0019822964,0.00038319163,0.000111451904,0.00040403588,0.000028105726],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020644783,0.00006595095,0.00022109844,0.000088899666,0.000062647756,0.0000036017302,0.0002848593,0.0001837373,0.481161],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00409678,0.00005638578,0.000020112595,0.00026477492,0.00006076777,0.00022373,0.000052260526,0.00034106435,0.0000029077478],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000550507,0.000034302477,0.00008758708,0.000045197343,0.0000140278835,7.3834167e-7,0.0033057558,0.000026194311,0.0000016438605,0.00014266031,0.9448852,0.05140164],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00048445395,0.0001714352,0.016130462,0.010079555,0.000009117528,2.705299e-7,0.022185048,0.00026947708,0.00045267044,0.0005263921,0.949584,0.000107098975],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.2830518,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.7350924,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.48115808,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00032700258,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0013683403,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7217224},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7093090974","doi":"10.26803/ijlter.24.10.8","title":"Academic Integrity in Teacher Education in the GenAI Era: Academic Coordinators’ Perspectives in Spain","year":2025,"lang":"","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Learning Teaching and Educational Research","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Agencia Estatal de Investigación; European Regional Development Fund; Mendelova Univerzita v Brně; Asociación Universitaria Iberoamericana de Postgrado; McGill University","keywords":"Academic dishonesty; Cheating; Misconduct; Academic integrity; Sample (material); Perspective (graphical); Perception; Face (sociological concept)","score_opus":0.07448466220962638,"score_gpt":0.4802951541068865,"score_spread":0.40581049189726015,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7093090974","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7706089,0.010596209,0.00006367832,0.19996077,0.0013895786,0.00027682324,0.00000214784,0.0000034814555,0.017098416],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9794131,0.008960498,0.0002337225,0.0004480525,0.0019792407,0.000027318578,0.000007767604,0.0000133368185,0.008916957],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9807146,0.014241029,0.0014397146,0.0005105811,0.002373234,0.0007208043],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9866373,0.011412519,0.00050502067,0.00013300097,0.0011614391,0.00015070582],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["metaresearch"],"category_scores_codex":[0.070391834,0.00025195596,0.00039925348,0.0035004346,0.0007219838,0.00030256386,0.0021833666,0.0011948026,0.0002558876],"category_scores_gemma":[0.05406471,0.00021855607,0.00012872288,0.0013495276,0.00079118484,0.00096533116,0.00024119153,0.06431478,0.000016459771],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00025566874,0.0007278817,0.55389154,0.000038534436,0.0000464053,0.000009407659,0.18989977,0.00016437542,0.0000665528,0.17648,0.005559593,0.07286027],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007093104,0.00008511667,0.4478442,0.003264497,0.000013724431,0.00005647526,0.4316731,0.001009372,0.0000039695396,0.07860758,0.036517758,0.00021486137],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.013618426,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009634781,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.24177334,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0028493288,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.011163476,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9944423},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7095441586","doi":"","title":"Dendrochronological Analysis of Endangered Newfoundland Pine Marten Habitat: Decay Classification of Coarse Woody Debris in Western Newfoundland By","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Endangered species; Marten; Habitat; Taiga; Population; Debris; Biodiversity; Vegetation (pathology); Snag","score_opus":0.027618910000651243,"score_gpt":0.30876948252952885,"score_spread":0.2811505725288776,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7095441586","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9722372,0.00035883166,0.0044550635,0.0038100868,0.000053625565,0.00019180315,0.00004228916,0.00003185516,0.018819245],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.996111,0.00028486268,0.000992226,0.00017138403,0.00008133551,0.000008107467,0.000071983675,0.0000055415067,0.0022735668],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981199,0.0003059029,0.0005730145,0.0002746572,0.0004181133,0.00030844318],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99889636,0.0004269533,0.00025755735,0.00018487031,0.0001298159,0.000104448394],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001096826,0.0001309197,0.00046599488,0.00032031708,0.000095598065,0.000026821548,0.0003440151,0.00060814864,0.00080508826],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002042506,0.00011256564,0.00013242326,0.0009961185,0.00037837183,0.00026299027,0.000036977686,0.00042460815,0.000025055517],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006400056,0.00020856332,0.9739679,0.000008124341,0.00020730578,0.0000013929546,0.005720721,0.000059108173,0.003089037,0.0035785255,0.0017049441,0.011390367],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00096751435,0.00011873155,0.9401748,0.000030602834,0.00042825728,0.0000016069438,0.0035659792,0.0052579734,0.0003337566,0.0003482785,0.04846158,0.0003109102],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0363518,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.625092,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5887402,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024128881,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00011964726,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.97006524},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7096238052","doi":"","title":"Canadian Medical Education Journal Review Paper Ethics education for pediatric residents: a review of","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"License; Attribution; Medical ethics; Continuing medical education; Information ethics; Nursing ethics","score_opus":0.06120973752125139,"score_gpt":0.42649935565078706,"score_spread":0.36528961812953564,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7096238052","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000039737664,0.41292274,0.00009579812,0.46629313,0.0016242473,0.0005593097,0.00000369971,0.000008967771,0.11845237],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00046607803,0.81691855,0.0009816492,0.17386454,0.0018535847,0.000032145148,0.00001587124,0.000005166925,0.005862424],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9977095,0.0006103812,0.00043412932,0.00010175573,0.00094521756,0.00019902794],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99636227,0.00029077852,0.00020769497,0.00010141205,0.0019483147,0.001089534],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.015186756,0.00006373234,0.00018280609,0.00008268381,0.00024382364,0.000019364335,0.00035463,0.00058779796,0.004401586],"category_scores_gemma":[0.07858424,0.000052565272,0.000075871576,0.0003200035,0.000056617606,0.0002665821,0.00001018618,0.001259035,0.00004834316],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[9.386268e-7,0.000023782832,0.00025553323,0.002560226,0.000003007725,1.308287e-7,0.0014988788,5.773585e-9,3.1580164e-8,0.039116688,0.9397766,0.016764168],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000045076846,0.000014037664,0.0000628684,0.010369143,0.00006978174,0.000011261897,0.0016036892,4.911884e-7,3.0955178e-7,0.009736299,0.97801536,0.00007170024],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.23717664,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.18322484,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4039958,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00035743747,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.11504887,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99650854},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7096330857","doi":"","title":"Recommended Citation Iantosca, Jo Ann, &amp;quot;UNITING EARLY CHILDHOOD SCREENING AND MONITORING TO INFORM INTERVENTION PRACTICES &amp;quot; (2012). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. Paper 246. UNITING EARLY CHILDHOOD SCREENING AND MONITORING TO INFORM INTERVENTION PRA","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Windsor; Intervention (counseling); Early childhood; Permission; Citation","score_opus":0.05552895080823362,"score_gpt":0.3589670274836576,"score_spread":0.303438076675424,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7096330857","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98263246,0.0009530693,0.009802279,0.0023074094,0.0003764384,0.0009231566,0.000010560262,0.00022110983,0.0027735347],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97733265,0.00029329152,0.020224525,0.00015181722,0.0008764998,0.00009527785,0.00004951375,0.00004894077,0.00092747825],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9961528,0.00044186934,0.0009695259,0.00050222303,0.00073257997,0.0012010081],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9967626,0.0011492573,0.0009127068,0.0002165581,0.00039694918,0.0005619427],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","scholarly_communication"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0049356427,0.00044287497,0.00040058186,0.0006205122,0.0025956337,0.0012496407,0.00030785968,0.00053065136,0.00009134455],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0045977547,0.00045362805,0.00012589814,0.00094475923,0.00009432108,0.009520184,0.00027489176,0.0016506265,0.000022978125],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000118941374,0.00012555432,0.27102455,0.00008345403,0.00022277962,6.3003216e-7,0.27971327,0.0000133225685,0.0007716089,0.0040465156,0.000045453897,0.4438339],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000855721,0.00030904086,0.8026016,0.0016815453,0.00015091777,0.000021051006,0.18291797,0.000023455184,0.00064218073,0.0005502596,0.009535041,0.0007112628],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.010298814,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0035981392,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.531577,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017499167,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000071552604,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99979156},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7096412347","doi":"","title":"133Censure et traduction / Censorship and Translation When Literary Censorship Is Not Strictly Enforced, Self-Censorship Rushes In","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Censorship; Promotion (chess); Translation studies; Work (physics)","score_opus":0.05001557075578799,"score_gpt":0.301567325306081,"score_spread":0.251551754550293,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7096412347","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8768238,0.0005747112,0.00065574155,0.065699056,0.0004472877,0.00069734076,0.000097404736,0.00040850532,0.054596137],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9881577,0.0015841047,0.0017582371,0.0024106149,0.0004210556,0.000013685375,0.000011913068,0.000023740748,0.005618952],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99636424,0.0012768061,0.0005010821,0.00052569265,0.0006319694,0.00070023874],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978901,0.0014323761,0.0001369767,0.00019234573,0.000111351124,0.00023685189],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003565411,0.00027155146,0.000301662,0.00026041796,0.0003472689,0.0001319659,0.00027325694,0.0012353322,0.0009738493],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005045409,0.00020735226,0.00010258303,0.00036788825,0.00022252585,0.0012737216,0.000020571377,0.0009991484,0.000085022],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007243042,0.00019471774,0.058416914,0.00012884552,0.00008463788,0.00002205586,0.4448792,0.0000047954973,0.0028436312,0.37508166,0.007915797,0.10970347],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0049573816,0.000343136,0.08068522,0.00074495457,0.00015172998,0.000044799814,0.015913997,0.00052546797,0.011425925,0.1534775,0.7294127,0.0023171892],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0021415593,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001483802,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7214969,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015519297,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014881797,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999394},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7096468816","doi":"","title":"UEA – CRU Review Initial Report and commentary on email examination","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Interpretation (philosophy); Mainstream; Cru; Opt-in email; Electronic mail; Quarter (Canadian coin)","score_opus":0.03690118014937428,"score_gpt":0.3467046481530606,"score_spread":0.30980346800368636,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7096468816","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.04352706,0.0009889955,0.00018425714,0.14424767,0.0003157398,0.00056141167,0.0000023347097,0.0000686067,0.81010395],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.82776546,0.0132701285,0.0005659529,0.13815452,0.0009198999,0.0000547489,0.00005354998,0.000008402864,0.019207329],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991352,0.00023034395,0.0001611324,0.00011673633,0.00023646117,0.00012010067],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99955153,0.00018639563,0.000059516336,0.00007305883,0.00006584899,0.00006365258],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0015468595,0.000051842395,0.000092370996,0.000020450003,0.00022449993,0.000029992187,0.00007762446,0.00017435884,0.0030136441],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004342252,0.000042218886,0.000019174628,0.000066012355,0.000104877254,0.00024025638,0.000020431366,0.00033540928,0.0001691354],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000010421702,0.000021475724,0.0007113052,0.000045874913,0.0000060953416,0.000017916529,0.0024202114,2.3220926e-8,0.000008474577,0.015628954,0.91358846,0.06755017],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00012298881,0.000050432132,0.005768808,0.00042974495,0.000020361489,0.000021853059,0.0030180938,0.000020077343,0.000102347556,0.005562117,0.9847116,0.00017161213],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.010687371,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00044906154,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7908966,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000036824946,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000254653,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99789774},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7097990543","doi":"","title":"Dedication","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Work (physics); Government (linguistics); Agency (philosophy); Scientific literature","score_opus":0.022070473306015373,"score_gpt":0.3165259369604927,"score_spread":0.29445546365447733,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7097990543","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00967514,0.000011315162,0.023784285,0.058849663,0.00013118857,0.000027113996,4.735221e-7,0.0000615124,0.9074593],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9441044,0.00009661697,0.00036477324,0.0006688152,0.00020887957,0.0000012029769,1.3184955e-7,7.3233696e-7,0.05455445],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997324,0.000037398462,0.000029867948,0.00003556247,0.000096943906,0.000067844005],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998188,0.00009469023,0.000008686748,0.000026622347,0.000020887934,0.00003033145],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004461738,0.000011535509,0.000014559202,0.000008682546,0.00009792727,0.000004128721,0.00006743059,0.00012484333,0.002964869],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00030911464,0.0000063356897,0.00000798973,0.00003221677,0.00006983618,0.00008524579,0.0000039896677,0.000056093777,0.00084372115],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[5.4941034e-7,0.0000017545234,0.0017661599,1.17034915e-7,6.8698716e-7,7.882854e-8,0.0011785699,1.9365038e-9,0.00027934875,0.87814814,0.044395678,0.07422891],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000028097935,0.0000017260847,0.000762825,0.0000031219724,6.5360285e-7,8.0335745e-8,0.0004643719,6.057639e-7,0.00050672545,0.032070957,0.96613985,0.000020963364],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006940189,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00030966356,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9344292,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000018585002,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000037240545,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99993426},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7099256230","doi":"","title":"BY","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Acknowledgement; Center (category theory); Diffuser (optics); Doctoral studies","score_opus":0.011126823888387384,"score_gpt":0.2865073367809479,"score_spread":0.27538051289256055,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7099256230","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0045916424,0.000013115113,0.007968406,0.00918188,0.00010780288,0.000016165677,4.1544672e-7,0.000046453322,0.97807413],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.907751,0.000021781358,0.00034915068,0.0029695453,0.0002073828,6.767445e-7,9.684087e-7,0.0000011469725,0.0886983],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996817,0.00006847757,0.000028868884,0.000038954557,0.00009531046,0.00008666989],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99983436,0.0000846243,0.0000067040573,0.000026055091,0.000012042524,0.000036204772],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00065566215,0.000015278596,0.000023012772,0.000004931693,0.00013843476,0.000011451246,0.00008315879,0.00015015231,0.0016529084],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00022508367,0.000012654608,0.0000096458125,0.00003186787,0.000054348533,0.00004510345,0.000004697518,0.00016984386,0.00045551368],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[2.2087303e-7,0.0000017052919,0.0003156475,1.5281908e-7,4.5492123e-7,1.5541968e-8,0.0012078324,2.7429973e-8,0.000041393127,0.55058527,0.4397982,0.008049064],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000016049473,0.000002498656,0.000026599952,5.421672e-7,5.0479736e-7,3.327268e-8,0.00057211804,0.00002381161,0.00016856579,0.0132733,0.985893,0.000022965638],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003015198,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00027929046,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.90315944,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000007186665,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011518244,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9992597},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7100222897","doi":"","title":"Faculty and Student Perceptions of Academic Integrity at U.S. and Canadian Dental Schools","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Academic integrity; Academic dishonesty; Perception; Dental education; Higher education","score_opus":0.03312903520270887,"score_gpt":0.36823263698834857,"score_spread":0.3351036017856397,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7100222897","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96334404,0.0001328292,0.000079924816,0.0023979058,0.000083085906,0.0001450019,0.000045769193,0.000017391358,0.033754077],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9959243,0.000441031,0.00032331378,0.00042257027,0.000091022615,0.000001358816,0.000009935867,0.0000029577466,0.002783497],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99905336,0.000065865956,0.00017951323,0.000150409,0.00025763095,0.0002931943],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993387,0.00009741396,0.00003840981,0.000047837442,0.00006100844,0.00041667063],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0016717565,0.0000730459,0.00011199416,0.00008884192,0.0005004465,0.000020560594,0.00014621421,0.00062426896,0.00049339765],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021016938,0.000064349704,0.000024101913,0.00010950333,0.00034465856,0.00016382922,0.00006222492,0.0014974363,0.00002619379],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000047795857,0.000006349358,0.954396,0.0000032182743,0.00000911008,0.000001842604,0.017555691,6.6846326e-8,0.00031128642,0.020232406,0.0048711775,0.002608091],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001391131,0.000016638014,0.8670849,0.000017864555,0.000013737526,0.000007793387,0.10620597,0.000004687126,0.00014951643,0.00088929856,0.025356477,0.00011396551],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.537269,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.8774527,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.34018368,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002607224,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018424314,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6505699},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7100235923","doi":"","title":"Emeritus Professor, Canada’s Open University,","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Viewpoints; Order (exchange); Statement (logic); Problem statement; Narrative","score_opus":0.02450809005359003,"score_gpt":0.28077027992349135,"score_spread":0.25626218986990135,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7100235923","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.019757835,0.0000076110086,0.00006195763,0.062134054,0.00024729004,0.0002773095,0.0000029197795,0.000024393883,0.9174866],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5915014,0.000030104364,0.00041387725,0.0021598982,0.0000756719,0.0000012525854,0.0000021420917,0.0000021563471,0.4058135],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99934757,0.00012956565,0.000050919567,0.00009052026,0.00018248743,0.00019895594],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99966455,0.0000630431,0.000022321216,0.0000639524,0.00008025277,0.00010586348],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003043228,0.000037656406,0.000060680934,0.000012795775,0.00047637415,0.000056048422,0.00064976874,0.00016892698,0.008948302],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007533881,0.000035241683,0.000010898736,0.000096864445,0.00007285188,0.00037279195,0.00013633397,0.00032016248,0.00022185246],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000011588354,0.000004991439,0.0011050346,8.158564e-7,0.000004409328,0.000002507259,0.0023455964,8.963166e-8,0.000006797531,0.3081808,0.68646234,0.0018854325],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006226333,0.0000030284061,0.0013015774,0.0000031793113,0.0000021150333,1.8509408e-7,0.028347684,0.000007679134,0.000022271226,0.0034416274,0.96674085,0.00006752073],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9983856,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.99517655,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.57174355,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001466598,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001543596,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99195766},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7100744060","doi":"","title":"Smith ( Funding Source: NSERC)","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Misconduct; Action (physics); Minor (academic); False accusation; Legal action; Remedial education; Administration (probate law); Subpoena","score_opus":0.03258413485512121,"score_gpt":0.3235343405485241,"score_spread":0.2909502056934029,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7100744060","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.048354484,0.000091281356,0.0059779016,0.016887711,0.00017645289,0.00006156686,4.455579e-7,0.00016647004,0.9282837],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.90990245,0.00007863476,0.0007181635,0.003290343,0.0004448031,4.9963296e-7,5.3345457e-7,0.000002062068,0.08556249],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99927366,0.00007646916,0.000080057296,0.00009731776,0.00021662844,0.0002558469],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997152,0.000087474866,0.000021494163,0.000056792374,0.000027993972,0.00009102547],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008856966,0.000046531808,0.00006266865,0.000030149517,0.00042575394,0.000046116922,0.00017415264,0.00030481612,0.0013567114],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020679375,0.000039955852,0.000034272856,0.00013494599,0.0000632128,0.0001449852,0.000007989055,0.00047721266,0.00033817126],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007533875,0.000022923981,0.0035696798,0.0000015837221,0.000005545823,0.0000033697547,0.026828706,0.0000051792017,0.000110462955,0.763657,0.12314373,0.082644306],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000591231,0.000020634021,0.0016542954,0.000008940046,0.0000037748723,9.33922e-7,0.0077268453,0.000059652662,0.00012446246,0.018369097,0.97187465,0.0000975862],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013040378,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00016687086,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.861548,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000043781143,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007250502,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995562},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7100914039","doi":"","title":"Welcome Message The organising committee of the 4th Asia Pacific Conference on Educational Integrity warmly welcomes you to the University of Wollongong, New South Wales,","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Temptation; League; Asia pacific; Academic integrity; Psychological intervention; China","score_opus":0.03172056947430045,"score_gpt":0.27118561200126196,"score_spread":0.2394650425269615,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7100914039","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.15994951,0.00007191522,0.0012588698,0.5431042,0.0006376475,0.0005888829,0.000050342194,0.000040714087,0.29429796],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9784036,0.000044282475,0.00024924122,0.0008478996,0.00018847566,2.7396294e-7,0.0000027424203,0.000003873808,0.020259608],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981295,0.0006300898,0.00020868616,0.00019398863,0.00059070083,0.00024704525],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99861175,0.00052754045,0.00018351764,0.00039147737,0.00018714035,0.000098602424],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0016249646,0.00013170342,0.00019482142,0.000041683867,0.0010247913,0.00004520185,0.0015068565,0.00027316206,0.0015849917],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004662437,0.000068614034,0.000118876036,0.00050656864,0.00054995855,0.00011013456,0.00010049864,0.001249012,0.00005334134],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000042230262,0.00008062699,0.010667507,0.0000044385747,0.000030943425,3.3677202e-7,0.12021214,0.000012183464,0.00011943502,0.76984364,0.09504296,0.0039435513],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00044963713,0.00013696619,0.2539724,0.0002187093,0.000099436096,0.0000033987012,0.45118195,0.00008061599,0.0012774379,0.0726655,0.21951078,0.00040317964],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009132999,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0035400467,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8184541,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010122858,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008375171,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9993277},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7100997620","doi":"","title":"Canada and Latin America","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Latin Americans; Exploratory research; Code of conduct; Ethical code; Code (set theory)","score_opus":0.0098397330029636,"score_gpt":0.24552216692350043,"score_spread":0.23568243392053684,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7100997620","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.051953394,0.000014435335,0.0011715795,0.017075047,0.000113887785,0.000027700431,0.0000015088785,0.000020528581,0.92962193],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9781385,0.000022595412,0.0005295567,0.0052367663,0.00011985375,4.687287e-7,4.6137038e-7,9.80208e-7,0.015950827],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99966806,0.000057823407,0.00003387613,0.000046072666,0.0001046924,0.000089453264],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997537,0.00014693169,0.000010610824,0.00002374364,0.000012802078,0.000052225485],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021834843,0.000019600297,0.000033784854,0.0000046860064,0.00014760514,0.000010021872,0.000048622565,0.00006888598,0.00043232678],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00024804808,0.000016297796,0.0000038539674,0.0000364287,0.000067425375,0.000026334432,0.000007721275,0.0001561786,0.000010027287],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000014756343,0.0000025250524,0.0138094025,0.0000019537388,0.0000035925166,6.562338e-7,0.004978483,0.0000011349329,0.00001800025,0.50032836,0.392319,0.08853544],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000016117534,0.000002601756,0.0022606587,9.595464e-7,8.2768446e-7,7.81502e-8,0.0010961166,0.000111581634,0.0000123905165,0.0022045937,0.99426395,0.000030110024],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.99568874,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.990192,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9261851,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000017442351,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00017874343,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4733675},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7103654273","doi":"10.5281/zenodo.17499558","title":"A survey on automates grading of hand written examination answer scripts using machine learning and natural language processing","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Artificial Intelligence in Medicine (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Scripting language; Grading (engineering); Natural language; Leverage (statistics); Argumentation theory; Process (computing); Word processing; Question answering","score_opus":0.034185315912616115,"score_gpt":0.30699882258322625,"score_spread":0.2728135066706101,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7103654273","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96801394,0.0011378455,0.0013266635,0.00041263024,0.00012169302,0.00026798085,0.000060940027,0.00031085574,0.02834746],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99818856,0.000058481535,0.00012337154,0.000051792922,0.000042315798,8.758033e-9,0.00022871875,0.00011191252,0.0011948625],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982628,0.00093255524,0.00015141432,0.00019379969,0.00026263145,0.00019675313],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993957,0.000092053175,0.00009062053,0.000063819585,0.00030953853,0.000048260386],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002472178,0.0000754079,0.00010844885,0.00022496398,0.0027690176,0.000437424,0.00025838485,0.00011621496,0.00037621916],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0022890116,0.00007669037,0.000016480133,0.00044713807,0.00026455222,0.00023170881,0.0001899522,0.00052241166,0.00002934269],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015487638,0.00014718401,0.002420844,0.0003325054,0.00008103357,0.000013227961,0.08917028,0.000059650298,0.045134574,0.008275092,0.006895348,0.8473154],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002099996,0.0004243702,0.106872156,0.0015334376,0.000103795246,0.000034307224,0.036031205,0.1289266,0.017138703,0.0006043739,0.70530576,0.0009252737],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011600782,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000026090183,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8463901,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009602419,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000090177955,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99852926},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7103654481","doi":"10.5281/zenodo.17499557","title":"A survey on automates grading of hand written examination answer scripts using machine learning and natural language processing","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Artificial Intelligence in Medicine (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Scripting language; Grading (engineering); Natural language; Leverage (statistics); Argumentation theory; Process (computing); Word processing; Question answering","score_opus":0.034185315912616115,"score_gpt":0.30699882258322625,"score_spread":0.2728135066706101,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7103654481","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96801394,0.0011378455,0.0013266635,0.00041263024,0.00012169302,0.00026798085,0.000060940027,0.00031085574,0.02834746],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99818856,0.000058481535,0.00012337154,0.000051792922,0.000042315798,8.758033e-9,0.00022871875,0.00011191252,0.0011948625],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982628,0.00093255524,0.00015141432,0.00019379969,0.00026263145,0.00019675313],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993957,0.000092053175,0.00009062053,0.000063819585,0.00030953853,0.000048260386],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002472178,0.0000754079,0.00010844885,0.00022496398,0.0027690176,0.000437424,0.00025838485,0.00011621496,0.00037621916],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0022890116,0.00007669037,0.000016480133,0.00044713807,0.00026455222,0.00023170881,0.0001899522,0.00052241166,0.00002934269],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015487638,0.00014718401,0.002420844,0.0003325054,0.00008103357,0.000013227961,0.08917028,0.000059650298,0.045134574,0.008275092,0.006895348,0.8473154],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002099996,0.0004243702,0.106872156,0.0015334376,0.000103795246,0.000034307224,0.036031205,0.1289266,0.017138703,0.0006043739,0.70530576,0.0009252737],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011600782,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000026090183,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8463901,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009602419,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000090177955,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99852926},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7104393696","doi":"10.55016/ojs/cpai.v6i1.76962","title":"A Roadmap Towards Integrity: A President's Perspective Twenty Years On","year":2023,"lang":"","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Perspectives on Academic Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Yorkville University","funders":"","keywords":"Misconduct; Perspective (graphical); Academic integrity; Discipline; Academic dishonesty; Research integrity; Key (lock)","score_opus":0.044841350002159476,"score_gpt":0.3443126902807544,"score_spread":0.2994713402785949,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7104393696","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.3219136,0.0037216262,0.00005550757,0.21836916,0.008957033,0.004065042,0.0034371065,0.0012653162,0.4382156],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.94664097,0.011677653,0.000069036214,0.00945271,0.0049555395,0.00018477194,0.00007781,0.00020158164,0.026739905],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9836134,0.00344381,0.0014890388,0.0036503784,0.0032814583,0.0045219488],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9905172,0.0017559037,0.0007086776,0.0013896148,0.0016646673,0.0039639305],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.009184838,0.0016703095,0.0016986394,0.0036307566,0.0026704639,0.00056558277,0.0040186346,0.010191647,0.00512766],"category_scores_gemma":[0.017865462,0.0018176358,0.0012301678,0.0055280193,0.0034697792,0.0014715397,0.00038163038,0.05890695,0.012109372],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":true,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00037009706,0.0001563626,0.0007293069,0.00003368594,0.00040016024,0.00038667396,0.24194913,0.000030257188,0.000023087,0.5664818,0.18308982,0.0063495776],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011997818,0.0008684201,0.02499965,0.0012855505,0.00023343693,0.000032028438,0.6839846,0.00079740235,0.00016937254,0.069573686,0.21459,0.002266075],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.7171964,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.2090336,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.62472737,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.021515911,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.014755612,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996044},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7104402143","doi":"10.55016/ojs/cpai.v5i2.75990","title":"Academic Integrity and Artificial Intelligence in Higher Education Contexts: A Rapid Scoping Review Protocol","year":2023,"lang":"","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Perspectives on Academic Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Protocol (science); Higher education; Systematic review; Personal Integrity; Applications of artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.09882107022340314,"score_gpt":0.4162777834540096,"score_spread":0.3174567132306065,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7104402143","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.010980487,0.06416887,0.00008629087,0.52490276,0.007719204,0.28680345,0.0007793508,0.00080478995,0.1037548],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6105637,0.22719765,0.00024421784,0.046539593,0.0077248337,0.09754963,0.0001334132,0.00028838636,0.009758562],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"systematic_review","domain_scores_codex":[0.987442,0.0033591043,0.002587194,0.0025224953,0.0014077674,0.002681432],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9936257,0.0018016237,0.00089174503,0.0007225772,0.0008558284,0.0021025173],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.013014241,0.001179439,0.0016429862,0.0021611238,0.0014170695,0.000225257,0.0020932823,0.007499268,0.005657294],"category_scores_gemma":[0.010593008,0.001241238,0.00037381964,0.005008081,0.0027400318,0.0016901195,0.00026873688,0.055904344,0.0012615935],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":true,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00028877787,0.00018162189,0.00115445,0.0045452183,0.00008383786,0.000053162225,0.05231108,0.0000036730419,0.000049149454,0.7807431,0.033790596,0.12679534],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009837762,0.00085540506,0.007647125,0.29642195,0.000314649,0.00007379048,0.27551782,0.0010697955,0.00031383018,0.22231896,0.18927838,0.005204525],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.16703112,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.09786324,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5995832,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.005850349,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.019552417,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99997395},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7104409111","doi":"10.55016/ojs/cpai.v7i2.77686","title":"Addressing Equity in Academic Integrity","year":2024,"lang":"","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Perspectives on Academic Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Fleming College","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Equity (law); Higher education; Academic community; Ideology; Attribution","score_opus":0.14120571251216474,"score_gpt":0.4302054293881819,"score_spread":0.28899971687601717,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7104409111","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.17289369,0.098505974,0.00039613398,0.20152853,0.015357937,0.0033855555,0.0024400947,0.00093424344,0.50455785],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9493217,0.03141961,0.00014529745,0.006229757,0.00555959,0.00010202224,0.000053551496,0.00016985626,0.006998622],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9829731,0.0035468815,0.0023458933,0.003673575,0.002555716,0.004904859],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.991423,0.002952067,0.00043599226,0.0009518847,0.0006781876,0.0035588432],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.018194929,0.0016908932,0.0017197188,0.0037141326,0.001958201,0.00086009747,0.0043708896,0.018683085,0.0058363364],"category_scores_gemma":[0.012486932,0.0017774386,0.0008933642,0.00508402,0.0041714823,0.0033103921,0.00055473554,0.16560525,0.0030406704],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":true,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016528845,0.00009204627,0.0021186573,0.00029675622,0.00018207432,0.00051112566,0.17973642,0.000017520528,0.00016697527,0.7177422,0.06291304,0.03605788],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009675819,0.00035495916,0.005291205,0.014254059,0.00029214573,0.00013210694,0.36403605,0.0076285983,0.00039207106,0.14946476,0.4535066,0.0036798702],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.58189315,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.34552655,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.776428,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.027693111,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.025708247,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995838},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7106034893","doi":"10.3138/jsp-2024-0049","title":"An Empirical Study of International Retracted Research Articles of Famous Chinese Universities from 2012 to 2022","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Scholarly Publishing","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Misconduct; Citation; Academic dishonesty; Ranking (information retrieval); Publishing; Empirical research; Scientific misconduct; Quality (philosophy); Academic integrity","score_opus":0.07012572944052395,"score_gpt":0.422144762125753,"score_spread":0.35201903268522905,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7106034893","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97537607,0.0001862841,0.00019028026,0.015003022,0.0006780205,0.000103230865,0.000023397919,0.000007796963,0.008431923],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997892,0.000036020367,0.0005862086,0.00020489289,0.00045099406,4.6167239e-7,0.0000024290991,0.000003928377,0.00082305796],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99542254,0.001439201,0.0005770141,0.00014079991,0.0022079432,0.00021248781],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99370056,0.001104919,0.00034073045,0.00014282174,0.0045277034,0.00018329071],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","scholarly_communication","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["scholarly_communication"],"category_scores_codex":[0.014912013,0.00006998151,0.00024153644,0.0011081652,0.0003124764,0.0024127413,0.0016145117,0.00045763867,0.00027545405],"category_scores_gemma":[0.011738339,0.000060970266,0.000068955625,0.0015224683,0.00013911873,0.030514542,0.00019440525,0.004861398,0.0000014940018],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00051881815,0.0007403609,0.8232947,0.0000061070527,0.00018779251,0.000027245267,0.13786744,0.000054916123,0.0056668967,0.0020496082,0.025267757,0.004318351],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005799704,0.00029193578,0.62657565,0.00009953555,0.000022807335,0.0000012081442,0.355366,0.000054615848,0.00018806476,0.0050614025,0.011692849,0.00006597917],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.011340471,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0025850146,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.21749856,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00030875904,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00084563525,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99862283},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity","bibliometrics"],"domain":"evaluation","study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["metaresearch","bibliometrics","research_integrity"],"domain":"methods","study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"}],"label_agreement":"agree"},{"id":"W7106039481","doi":"10.3138/jsp-2024-0093","title":"Confidentiality, Peer Review, and the Submission Case Database","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Scholarly Publishing","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Confidentiality; Accountability; Harm; Constructive; Focus (optics); Work (physics)","score_opus":0.040421936073048594,"score_gpt":0.35548525284433696,"score_spread":0.31506331677128835,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7106039481","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"commentary","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.019227453,0.046985973,0.0018900629,0.8571988,0.0014517009,0.00027710808,0.000024028097,0.000016659016,0.07292826],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.876449,0.030473292,0.0013731577,0.056627546,0.0019880298,0.000004431458,0.000010242356,0.000013496084,0.033060797],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99653894,0.0012714812,0.0005317384,0.00011149524,0.0013563735,0.00018995037],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99462605,0.00097468134,0.00044521102,0.00014903556,0.00363295,0.0001721038],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","scholarly_communication","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["metaresearch","scholarly_communication"],"category_scores_codex":[0.06021591,0.0000762559,0.0002549996,0.00014510281,0.000977006,0.013726838,0.00072450005,0.00037429773,0.00015477171],"category_scores_gemma":[0.07970546,0.00004763116,0.00009632886,0.0004239686,0.0002977303,0.03417159,0.00018735073,0.0054773777,0.0000016768136],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005060098,0.00001785362,0.0014998848,0.00011594329,0.00006810832,0.00023414544,0.0066400515,2.1562855e-7,0.000041258234,0.20149763,0.7828009,0.007033382],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008483263,0.000007732094,0.00024952233,0.000950783,0.00026988558,0.00064595434,0.011763031,0.0000070952296,0.000019935012,0.017450573,0.96770906,0.00007811193],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0056688837,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00039321123,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.85722154,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007687451,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005062572,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99681705},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"evaluation","study_design":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity","scholarly_communication"],"domain":"evaluation","study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W7106146707","doi":"10.12688/f1000research.148694.4","title":"Knowledge of misconduct amid North-African post-graduate dental students: A cross sectional study","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"F1000Research","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Misconduct; Cross-sectional study; Population; Open peer review; Alternative medicine; Survey research","score_opus":0.10620055696830508,"score_gpt":0.4769614738762238,"score_spread":0.3707609169079187,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7106146707","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9490917,0.00015471857,0.000015329953,0.0005067766,0.0005230117,0.00079489755,0.00007181459,0.000052053692,0.048789706],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97136104,0.00004364323,0.000020425276,0.00005952475,0.00022847494,0.000049554576,0.000015888503,0.000009527151,0.02821195],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99616116,0.0010561255,0.0004044542,0.00036290477,0.0014764962,0.00053882704],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99784887,0.0007130142,0.00006825337,0.00022576281,0.0009893295,0.00015475383],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0045176013,0.00012767602,0.00021971893,0.00034627525,0.00086293125,0.00018388231,0.001324417,0.00027661253,0.0005518678],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0014117218,0.00012098655,0.00010953174,0.0011442979,0.00086533796,0.00022986584,0.00044287686,0.0016190333,0.00019511009],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011979164,0.000818997,0.96509194,0.000024906496,0.0001186515,0.000008909934,0.026212268,0.0000038145101,0.0002111524,0.003047628,0.0034147855,0.0009271534],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005603066,0.00017121695,0.9468848,0.00002206333,0.000013772934,9.163069e-7,0.04269145,0.000016184606,0.00023443512,0.00054439245,0.008741764,0.00011866984],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02497438,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02911471,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.022269322,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002877521,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009231661,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9886014},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7106667985","doi":"10.5281/zenodo.17715812","title":"ICO Case Allocation Letter Regarding FOIA Complaint Against King's College London (Redacted Version, 29 October 2025)","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Complaint; Notice; Documentation; Timeline; Lawsuit","score_opus":0.029930352083695332,"score_gpt":0.2783888499486472,"score_spread":0.2484584978649519,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7106667985","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.09639332,0.00013931491,0.0068134787,0.02490449,0.0008098369,0.0010648565,0.00031123238,0.0011598845,0.8684036],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98600066,0.00016418254,0.00024561194,0.0026131582,0.00039693396,1.0145587e-7,0.0009013201,0.00032111752,0.009356929],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99736524,0.0009772687,0.00030001596,0.0004080735,0.00048683403,0.0004625693],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984245,0.000121045,0.00011966426,0.00029981494,0.00086919253,0.00016583342],"candidate_categories":["sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0019938075,0.0001473142,0.0001661452,0.0003071354,0.005929182,0.00052147504,0.0007865556,0.0003228077,0.0064879046],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0019878645,0.00016255319,0.00006809462,0.0009789532,0.00030437455,0.0004078486,0.000571736,0.000979663,0.0031787383],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007349692,0.0000646477,0.000018205072,0.000038949354,0.000042881395,0.00015863622,0.00399268,0.00004089392,0.0013782629,0.049506437,0.9267959,0.017889032],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004745184,0.000031461088,0.00011173738,0.00007838113,0.000021600992,0.000055810433,0.0031162624,0.0005026801,0.0002873448,0.00033279427,0.9948175,0.00016990729],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00059915584,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000033989425,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8896073,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00053897774,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002411867,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9975974},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7106704664","doi":"10.5281/zenodo.17715811","title":"ICO Case Allocation Letter Regarding FOIA Complaint Against King's College London (Redacted Version, 29 October 2025)","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Complaint; Notice; Documentation; Timeline; Lawsuit","score_opus":0.029930352083695332,"score_gpt":0.2783888499486472,"score_spread":0.2484584978649519,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7106704664","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.09639332,0.00013931491,0.0068134787,0.02490449,0.0008098369,0.0010648565,0.00031123238,0.0011598845,0.8684036],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98600066,0.00016418254,0.00024561194,0.0026131582,0.00039693396,1.0145587e-7,0.0009013201,0.00032111752,0.009356929],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99736524,0.0009772687,0.00030001596,0.0004080735,0.00048683403,0.0004625693],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984245,0.000121045,0.00011966426,0.00029981494,0.00086919253,0.00016583342],"candidate_categories":["sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0019938075,0.0001473142,0.0001661452,0.0003071354,0.005929182,0.00052147504,0.0007865556,0.0003228077,0.0064879046],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0019878645,0.00016255319,0.00006809462,0.0009789532,0.00030437455,0.0004078486,0.000571736,0.000979663,0.0031787383],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007349692,0.0000646477,0.000018205072,0.000038949354,0.000042881395,0.00015863622,0.00399268,0.00004089392,0.0013782629,0.049506437,0.9267959,0.017889032],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004745184,0.000031461088,0.00011173738,0.00007838113,0.000021600992,0.000055810433,0.0031162624,0.0005026801,0.0002873448,0.00033279427,0.9948175,0.00016990729],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00059915584,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000033989425,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8896073,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00053897774,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002411867,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9975974},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7107940931","doi":"10.5281/zenodo.17749021","title":"From Potsdam to London and Back: What Happens When Plagiarism Investigations Derail","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Misconduct; Accountability; CLARITY; Documentation; Adjudication; Assertion; Judgement; Rigour; Parallels","score_opus":0.05069976231035969,"score_gpt":0.2920849830481411,"score_spread":0.24138522073778143,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7107940931","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.040383726,0.0021411746,0.020187894,0.13017547,0.0024267198,0.003551618,0.0040082918,0.0020516762,0.79507345],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.48783258,0.035149522,0.058658913,0.045741457,0.014340478,0.0000037477128,0.06244537,0.009233119,0.2865948],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99655855,0.0011703012,0.00037450943,0.0007770595,0.0006299209,0.00048969075],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979662,0.00018240405,0.0001623519,0.00051198615,0.0007043056,0.00047277723],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","scholarly_communication","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0017700632,0.00024829814,0.00029137725,0.00033489257,0.00372125,0.003417643,0.001650214,0.0010494479,0.018019151],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0029126622,0.00028982494,0.00007225985,0.00038425328,0.0004958923,0.0005415022,0.003756202,0.002709165,0.00737431],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003468766,0.000052302945,0.000011078057,0.000080713486,0.000094051895,0.000007340687,0.07601944,0.00007358286,0.00017651108,0.023152838,0.81351006,0.08678739],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00019226564,0.000031120526,0.00011668582,0.00039496768,0.00003607314,0.0000033604745,0.0062281643,0.00015543963,0.00009181056,0.019705936,0.972758,0.00028616286],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0042304657,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006595656,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.50847864,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00031055562,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000062139945,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999554},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7107962172","doi":"10.5281/zenodo.17749020","title":"From Potsdam to London and Back: What Happens When Plagiarism Investigations Derail","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Misconduct; Accountability; CLARITY; Documentation; Adjudication; Assertion; Judgement; Rigour; Parallels","score_opus":0.05069976231035969,"score_gpt":0.2920849830481411,"score_spread":0.24138522073778143,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7107962172","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.040383726,0.0021411746,0.020187894,0.13017547,0.0024267198,0.003551618,0.0040082918,0.0020516762,0.79507345],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.48783258,0.035149522,0.058658913,0.045741457,0.014340478,0.0000037477128,0.06244537,0.009233119,0.2865948],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99655855,0.0011703012,0.00037450943,0.0007770595,0.0006299209,0.00048969075],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979662,0.00018240405,0.0001623519,0.00051198615,0.0007043056,0.00047277723],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","scholarly_communication","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0017700632,0.00024829814,0.00029137725,0.00033489257,0.00372125,0.003417643,0.001650214,0.0010494479,0.018019151],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0029126622,0.00028982494,0.00007225985,0.00038425328,0.0004958923,0.0005415022,0.003756202,0.002709165,0.00737431],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003468766,0.000052302945,0.000011078057,0.000080713486,0.000094051895,0.000007340687,0.07601944,0.00007358286,0.00017651108,0.023152838,0.81351006,0.08678739],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00019226564,0.000031120526,0.00011668582,0.00039496768,0.00003607314,0.0000033604745,0.0062281643,0.00015543963,0.00009181056,0.019705936,0.972758,0.00028616286],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0042304657,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006595656,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.50847864,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00031055562,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000062139945,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999554},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"qualitative","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre":"other","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"medium"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W7109569626","doi":"10.4000/15aku","title":"Perceptions d’enseignants et d’étudiants relatives au plagiat : causes, attentes, connaissances et pratiques au niveau universitaire","year":2025,"lang":"fr","type":"article","venue":"Revue internationale de pédagogie de l’enseignement supérieur","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec en Outaouais","funders":"","keywords":"Research methodology; Cultural environment","score_opus":0.0447476929489635,"score_gpt":0.33471422763776765,"score_spread":0.2899665346888042,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7109569626","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.61532825,0.004785385,0.007837227,0.19449857,0.0028195286,0.00093171553,0.00091291446,0.00022837665,0.17265806],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7878963,0.011361331,0.00111523,0.0031545223,0.0005330028,0.000056291326,0.00024341031,0.00003961385,0.19560032],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.994388,0.0019384987,0.0008553481,0.00087030657,0.0007534152,0.0011944708],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99656177,0.0015697839,0.00051041547,0.000376127,0.00064188667,0.00034005108],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0025036843,0.00057305535,0.00059421104,0.0004360602,0.0013506756,0.00021776298,0.0010475344,0.0012290216,0.0014130712],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0017524627,0.0006254529,0.0003748441,0.0007012331,0.0011874189,0.0014979003,0.0003458553,0.0023235797,0.0002714973],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":true,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010278825,0.0005793846,0.072446056,0.0002947849,0.0007728653,0.0002854032,0.42570582,0.0005328861,0.00037189113,0.39646927,0.09827019,0.004168664],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0014093801,0.00026496983,0.08060019,0.00438445,0.0004043069,0.00008873736,0.55226433,0.002009652,0.00027625385,0.013794162,0.34353778,0.0009657767],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.013140074,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.044248715,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.38267508,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.005478337,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0060212626,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999781},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7109574539","doi":"10.4000/15aky","title":"Conception et validation méthodologique d’une tâche d’écriture visant l’observation de pratiques plagiaires","year":2025,"lang":"fr","type":"article","venue":"Revue internationale de pédagogie de l’enseignement supérieur","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Rimouski; Université du Québec en Outaouais","funders":"","keywords":"Context (archaeology); Data collection; Field (mathematics); Validation test; Research methodology","score_opus":0.06524404711602634,"score_gpt":0.36369466899389874,"score_spread":0.2984506218778724,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7109574539","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5407216,0.0037346098,0.24640977,0.17367171,0.0023337787,0.0009934376,0.00022174079,0.00027323936,0.031640112],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8473965,0.014864104,0.022548504,0.019667638,0.0017674865,0.00029434072,0.00080462196,0.000053967527,0.09260283],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9939394,0.0029952982,0.0009362458,0.00065674173,0.00064090436,0.00083141145],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99609864,0.002187274,0.00053267565,0.000304937,0.0006933674,0.00018308737],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0059801172,0.00042685933,0.00043867965,0.0002716168,0.0005573527,0.00030779387,0.00076095614,0.0019055717,0.00080071006],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004573523,0.0005057533,0.0002695975,0.00063931517,0.0004180162,0.0009213269,0.00015431814,0.0021922612,0.000090503774],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017455623,0.00043188417,0.017172113,0.00047351158,0.0003315375,0.00008582524,0.19570765,0.0036905725,0.005777382,0.6603498,0.09577546,0.020029731],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0017370922,0.0003881017,0.04495254,0.0038893148,0.00048219078,0.00011702719,0.12801808,0.03962098,0.022123579,0.18294306,0.57440615,0.0013219041],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007093094,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003019456,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.47863066,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002844637,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0021026663,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997394},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7111422913","doi":"10.55667/10.55667/ijede.2025.v40.i2.1385","title":"Navigating Online Learning and Artificial Intelligence: Identifying and Managing Assessment Risks in Private Higher Education in South Africa","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International journal of e-learning & distance education","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Higher education; Sociotechnical system; Risk management; Misconduct; Credibility; Distance education; Institution; Academic integrity; Risk assessment","score_opus":0.04118332562804445,"score_gpt":0.4330304245834535,"score_spread":0.39184709895540903,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7111422913","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9758431,0.0018547131,0.010876085,0.0059488313,0.002131484,0.0001168618,0.0000010837875,0.000012389743,0.0032154499],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99467456,0.0007026629,0.0032829186,0.00008664454,0.00044533145,0.00000536324,0.000010400852,0.0000065592667,0.00078552845],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983126,0.00035769714,0.00056914415,0.0001827154,0.00040474662,0.00017311313],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988064,0.0002825931,0.00050485774,0.000034970897,0.00031620768,0.0000549433],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001877206,0.0000990011,0.0001538662,0.0002958264,0.00021490626,0.00024494922,0.00021682374,0.00014980558,0.00004640068],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008290006,0.000108692264,0.00003121504,0.00033568146,0.000103082086,0.00049443066,0.000051061503,0.002112292,0.0000010323505],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000051293595,0.00018006541,0.4552601,0.000029898732,0.00002584963,0.0000040962095,0.04373861,0.0006978257,0.00016165896,0.19028299,0.000023133834,0.30954447],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003112966,0.0000550764,0.47789478,0.0056753037,0.000044196906,0.000008647103,0.3310713,0.002889034,0.0000625997,0.14676093,0.034870736,0.0003561044],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00055330474,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00023390565,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.30918837,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004926595,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00069076667,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9176975},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7116976698","doi":"10.1145/3727967.3756832","title":"Replication: A Pedagogical Tool for Teaching Ethical Practices to Future Software Engineers","year":2025,"lang":"","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Documentation; Copying; Permission; Reuse; Software; Accreditation; Attribution; Software walkthrough; Dimension (graph theory)","score_opus":0.06359842472461391,"score_gpt":0.43406284683446866,"score_spread":0.37046442210985475,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7116976698","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0044399775,0.00036260133,0.47082365,0.48586163,0.002077363,0.0014258275,0.00003398801,0.00022669045,0.034748293],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.40862197,0.00077743706,0.28063333,0.1440138,0.014361063,0.0007927321,0.00007543548,0.00005648135,0.15066773],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9960123,0.00080504053,0.0006691746,0.0010874934,0.0007012648,0.000724749],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99263537,0.0056595616,0.00034556954,0.0006435411,0.00043452156,0.0002814101],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.010596981,0.00031161797,0.00041309447,0.00014775296,0.001984142,0.00043714562,0.0010375513,0.0048409645,0.00086187746],"category_scores_gemma":[0.05196268,0.00027870102,0.00027905812,0.0006183409,0.00024023668,0.0005637322,0.00018855403,0.008557212,0.00010745856],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012856108,0.00006731126,0.00013593263,0.00009424994,0.00006470971,0.0000012187412,0.053838186,0.000028409417,0.000033103624,0.6987627,0.19344136,0.053404234],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00022121711,0.00010247852,0.00013630679,0.00011490827,0.00011571747,0.0000023034706,0.09957613,0.00057885196,0.000051095918,0.010665074,0.88810444,0.0003314925],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007144147,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00024896758,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.69466305,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024975318,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0013245568,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999665},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7117303515","doi":"10.1007/s42979-025-04569-y","title":"A Systematic Review of Academic Integrity and Misconduct with Artificial Intelligence in Higher Education","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SN Computer Science","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Misconduct; Higher education; Scopus; Academic integrity; Corporate governance; Dimension (graph theory)","score_opus":0.05534632387666962,"score_gpt":0.3658793978106475,"score_spread":0.3105330739339779,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7117303515","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.24601066,0.16539393,0.25001508,0.20243974,0.01289558,0.011750666,0.000018336617,0.0003746252,0.1111014],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.984081,0.0035734752,0.0077066575,0.00384275,0.00013233951,0.00003586044,8.243824e-7,0.0000032162945,0.000623904],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"systematic_review","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984207,0.0002524736,0.00041369884,0.00028614284,0.00041250468,0.0002144512],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991122,0.00026351432,0.00014934568,0.00017155429,0.00023828294,0.00006513276],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00434348,0.00008572702,0.0002784033,0.00021661985,0.00017980766,0.000047808968,0.0006493739,0.00016395576,0.000026172429],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00052050065,0.00006482481,0.000021131005,0.001664893,0.0010703446,0.00038695382,0.00009668625,0.0010403655,0.0000043649015],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000581117,0.000047484886,0.0006818022,0.033779696,0.000006585812,9.111038e-7,0.004652679,0.0000029052412,0.00007972412,0.94701207,0.00030401215,0.013426315],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00012053759,0.0001628598,0.00404491,0.7476028,0.00016190368,0.00001638099,0.005847257,0.0042632287,0.0017719178,0.23390593,0.001366286,0.0007359489],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000803194,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00010736287,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7380703,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010607204,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0016785833,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.45199287},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7117310381","doi":"10.1111/bioe.70069","title":"Forget Plagiarism: It's Originality, Utility, and Contribution That Matter in Academia Now","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Bioethics","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Space (punctuation); Odds; Minor (academic); Content (measure theory); Ask price; Content analysis","score_opus":0.06507306586300662,"score_gpt":0.39830954486182996,"score_spread":0.33323647899882336,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7117310381","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.23500387,0.0011293105,0.004278395,0.65886474,0.0013732963,0.00072908116,0.00008976801,0.00012251739,0.098409005],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9812955,0.0013859714,0.00016865345,0.0130791785,0.0001296466,0.000010747648,0.000017724906,0.00000478924,0.0039077834],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9980642,0.0005667574,0.00026068502,0.00029626812,0.00039799785,0.00041405455],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987223,0.0008497199,0.00007873666,0.00013313256,0.0001257423,0.00009034483],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0058727697,0.00013098425,0.0002151909,0.000115903655,0.0004099073,0.00009244,0.00029348923,0.0056997556,0.00011908818],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00094637275,0.00012822519,0.00004443166,0.0003376793,0.0011091125,0.0002642516,0.00012667193,0.007271997,0.00005958173],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000041124647,0.000025333246,0.5021058,0.00004797629,0.000013920119,0.0000037370255,0.0057135383,2.865779e-7,0.000022013583,0.42211196,0.06883935,0.0010749568],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00040687484,0.000010614959,0.057189643,0.00016094217,0.000025018942,0.0000013760681,0.005041255,0.00013796851,0.0005509363,0.13579878,0.8004703,0.00020630639],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009099651,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.015769081,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.74629164,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014899997,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00037690552,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9974988},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7117465603","doi":"10.1007/s40979-025-00211-9","title":"Beyond plagiarism: transforming pedagogy to help students write with sources","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Educational Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Sheridan College","funders":"","keywords":"Unpacking; Key (lock); Teaching method; Professional writing; Work (physics)","score_opus":0.02564644105414007,"score_gpt":0.43611940607713123,"score_spread":0.4104729650229912,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7117465603","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.47190085,0.00038987023,0.068539426,0.39886728,0.013122914,0.0010008805,0.00020517017,0.00007020582,0.04590342],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.943115,0.00019580599,0.006838248,0.010093562,0.004008009,0.00013030232,0.00007481622,0.000021252528,0.035523016],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9971924,0.00017164813,0.00050873554,0.00031344983,0.0013866115,0.0004271458],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9963879,0.0010069999,0.00017572894,0.00010450025,0.0020440056,0.00028087222],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0025081986,0.00020222978,0.00022779762,0.00050657406,0.0010538514,0.0005741639,0.0015279363,0.00047755,0.0006177583],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0013613632,0.00017650382,0.00017727056,0.00030723988,0.0002072433,0.00074482267,0.00006130696,0.002168237,0.000051024326],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00073735043,0.00053850544,0.050601866,0.000018234208,0.00060383615,0.000007983948,0.024490954,0.00011700032,0.00014788978,0.8178814,0.0848471,0.020007862],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00088100374,0.000113013004,0.009865641,0.0003299697,0.000075202755,0.00006905365,0.022642363,0.00003630727,0.0005388162,0.15002713,0.8150868,0.00033469396],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0018356501,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0020666595,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7302397,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00071710604,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002458541,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.94200313},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":[],"domain":null,"study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre":"commentary","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W7117726584","doi":"10.22146/jpsi.107932","title":"Academic Cheating with Generative AI in Higher Education: An Extended Model of the Theory of Planned Behavior with Motivational Antecedents","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Jurnal Psikologi","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Education and Early Childhood Development","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Theory of planned behavior; Structural equation modeling; Variance (accounting); Control (management); Psychological intervention; Confirmatory factor analysis; Perceived control; Behavioral modeling","score_opus":0.05094714940109164,"score_gpt":0.35245444587095914,"score_spread":0.3015072964698675,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7117726584","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9842196,0.00006362194,0.0005459364,0.004009125,0.00013567119,0.00023889888,0.00001249183,0.000009740067,0.010764904],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99413604,0.000013236368,0.0006952017,0.0010463439,0.00008021994,0.000026233924,0.0000041669114,0.000003816719,0.003994756],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99879307,0.0003348201,0.0002478392,0.000148886,0.00032274215,0.00015266394],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993294,0.00015223959,0.00019935943,0.00009939148,0.0001889521,0.000030642124],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00080494944,0.00008745391,0.0001521533,0.00008450583,0.00018143648,0.00000816226,0.00035488847,0.0003377372,0.000049651466],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010291522,0.00005237331,0.000026333868,0.00034653742,0.0004223334,0.00021440435,0.000031060717,0.0010284146,2.8135108e-7],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004911742,0.0003165217,0.425601,0.000017597298,0.000044571698,9.379601e-7,0.010464906,0.0013789611,0.005536521,0.5527113,0.00035597087,0.0030805198],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007137109,0.0002003829,0.8962464,0.00043852892,0.00007777078,0.0000035078615,0.012915883,0.0010251929,0.005611034,0.082453534,0.0001224548,0.00019164522],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003263004,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00024417893,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.47064537,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008343928,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009794392,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.44680065},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7120575374","doi":"","title":"Autoria: um dilema ético da ciência","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas)","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Misconduct; Scientific misconduct; Context (archaeology); Rigour; Work (physics); Quality (philosophy); Narrative","score_opus":0.02443600867254054,"score_gpt":0.27462118383223355,"score_spread":0.250185175159693,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7120575374","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.04779815,0.00067190215,0.0038102649,0.13782912,0.0035770438,0.00081252825,0.000080705504,0.0011023371,0.80431795],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9858171,0.00025776567,0.0046719317,0.0009750778,0.0052842074,0.00012202837,0.00008361023,0.000048369082,0.002739935],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9948035,0.00088351243,0.00079554215,0.0007938925,0.0014950478,0.0012285439],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99713653,0.00056377106,0.00038179007,0.0005413126,0.0005796487,0.0007969689],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0024056972,0.00045375706,0.00050265464,0.00037273517,0.0020831737,0.00041943652,0.0011309702,0.0017949322,0.00040487607],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0021158992,0.00045751588,0.00029353925,0.0008626374,0.00009149677,0.0010157342,0.00021840891,0.0021588942,0.00018592346],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007376831,0.0002666342,0.00048610696,0.000022498129,0.00007944709,0.00005792011,0.009014246,0.00003425124,0.0005110868,0.9731312,0.010825559,0.005497324],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006216912,0.000035949943,0.0014869733,0.00008033922,0.000065081535,0.00018271054,0.0015341702,0.00025928605,0.00037640275,0.0020409876,0.99277514,0.0005412619],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000025426732,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001728359,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.98194957,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0013994887,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001423891,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997876},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7128297725","doi":"10.15640/jehd.v12n2a2","title":"Promoting Academic Integrity: Utilizing Code of Conduct Statements with Students in an Online Course during the Pandemic","year":2023,"lang":"","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Education and Human Development","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Academic integrity; Academic dishonesty; Code of conduct; Code (set theory); Ethical code; Intervention (counseling); Pandemic","score_opus":0.15887247519659217,"score_gpt":0.4667077332598074,"score_spread":0.3078352580632152,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7128297725","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99699444,0.00042967137,0.0000022483362,0.0016215419,0.00046734695,0.000386351,0.000005164441,0.00000963919,0.00008361694],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99706066,0.0014061815,0.00015997338,0.0001525593,0.00027000497,0.000007556538,0.0000120176655,0.000014819121,0.0009162373],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9962685,0.00053202047,0.0014636357,0.00023900541,0.0010990499,0.0003977563],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99755794,0.00015955303,0.0014396828,0.00010682547,0.00052648014,0.00020949375],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.006782221,0.00021380602,0.00041004608,0.00037792756,0.0007226556,0.00009689775,0.0006856978,0.0003546761,0.000098210796],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017841862,0.00015222396,0.000040467472,0.00058826344,0.0003546501,0.0007568463,0.00011925756,0.0034773939,0.0000027779927],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000051332536,0.0006293286,0.655827,0.00013890343,0.00008889985,0.0000041218946,0.33503935,0.0000056523872,0.00062495045,0.00025961033,0.00013045444,0.0072004097],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008843969,0.00016713368,0.74368745,0.0017343933,0.000056364424,0.0000221557,0.25077114,0.000019179797,0.00025690082,0.0005598747,0.0016639855,0.00017706005],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00018597808,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0021279003,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08786045,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00040758896,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0029745165,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9988216},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7129057070","doi":"10.1515/9783110756784-007","title":"131Chapter 6 The researcher’s ethical dilemma: Affect in reporting L2 student plagiarism","year":2025,"lang":"","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa; Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Affect (linguistics); Interview; Confidentiality; Control (management)","score_opus":0.10209040501376412,"score_gpt":0.4201454656326228,"score_spread":0.3180550606188587,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7129057070","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0027860352,0.0007494225,0.00040809854,0.0943363,0.0021182757,0.002555633,0.000037672187,0.00012507346,0.8968835],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.39513502,0.006671529,0.00023154599,0.008478002,0.0020056225,0.000118642805,0.000032563505,0.00008163173,0.58724546],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9812988,0.0034122358,0.0053629507,0.0022538498,0.0053674793,0.002304681],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9827341,0.011794643,0.0028084277,0.0013087831,0.00084635534,0.0005076963],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["metaresearch","sts","research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.06693269,0.0011633799,0.0018527599,0.0006356518,0.0025044554,0.0007121582,0.0033671088,0.021338547,0.0122609995],"category_scores_gemma":[0.020353053,0.00082925364,0.0010412855,0.00053644605,0.0034195895,0.00032343785,0.002067216,0.07117381,0.0007324492],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000111057365,0.000077734214,0.001991401,0.00012673956,0.00026399113,0.00048441635,0.024342243,0.000008497905,0.000010314496,0.94044954,0.021888854,0.010245219],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007657643,0.00021722313,0.003586994,0.0026984443,0.00027295935,0.00003313586,0.016667606,0.00040882017,0.000041582844,0.12475189,0.84899396,0.0015616136],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.034425106,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02196638,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8271051,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0010760499,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0021329615,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994158},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7143517616","doi":"10.22176/act24.4.25","title":"On the Ethics of Mentorship in Authorship, Reviewership, and Editorship-","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Action Criticism and Theory for Music Education","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Mentorship; Publishing; Field (mathematics); Process (computing); Information ethics; Ethical issues; Confidentiality","score_opus":0.0888729368956778,"score_gpt":0.4144369559603744,"score_spread":0.32556401906469656,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7143517616","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.79530567,0.0028870786,0.0020634348,0.143539,0.012650105,0.0015619495,0.000017361337,0.000042174655,0.04193321],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9938891,0.0005468433,0.000045305304,0.0029885045,0.00064706604,0.000068998896,0.0000046349687,0.0000035072194,0.0018060742],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99842334,0.0009918005,0.00017892658,0.00013865167,0.00013601467,0.00013126952],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9934004,0.006275784,0.00006366844,0.000088502704,0.00013429897,0.000037322356],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.008539361,0.00006649954,0.000102344806,0.00010685305,0.00039643614,0.000032035292,0.000089462534,0.00038367268,0.000054340526],"category_scores_gemma":[0.008749978,0.00005317423,0.00002763154,0.00017901654,0.00030214363,0.00013145748,0.000010040056,0.00069344585,9.564094e-7],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000034605673,0.00003816909,0.00013796332,0.00014733856,0.000004862954,1.47593004e-8,0.023960885,6.177511e-8,0.000031546148,0.9595516,0.0044112517,0.011681702],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006959848,0.000020118088,0.00075705984,0.00028792172,0.0000243564,1.786747e-7,0.036046203,0.0000038694693,0.00021625563,0.88801074,0.07451376,0.00004995741],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00040581933,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00044022204,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.19858338,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000049965187,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00025663985,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99959975},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7143875396","doi":"10.34577/0002000287","title":"研究提言：カナダの研究者による研究不正の分析査読論文撤回を 対象とした研究","year":2025,"lang":"","type":"article","venue":"Institutional Repositories DataBase (IRDB)","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Misconduct; Scientific misconduct; Rigour; Scientific literature; Scientific evidence","score_opus":0.01806422344481797,"score_gpt":0.31183661181315775,"score_spread":0.2937723883683398,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7143875396","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.02612813,0.012683892,0.024437388,0.022329677,0.0696084,0.0015457707,0.0034049212,0.0005601468,0.83930165],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.91949296,0.00481339,0.0030423363,0.0037595006,0.010208907,0.00014000201,0.0011948716,0.000043705564,0.057304304],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9925897,0.0007984996,0.0015173622,0.00146158,0.0022814416,0.0013514272],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9953734,0.001290773,0.00048871903,0.0011434039,0.0011509,0.00055275415],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0029089802,0.00075773825,0.00078219245,0.0004468354,0.0065181274,0.0008076978,0.0018063108,0.0021297168,0.0013006779],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0051869056,0.0008034855,0.00043741928,0.0023300692,0.00422973,0.0028319089,0.00089559535,0.0042146,0.0008210296],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00023932384,0.00031400772,0.0031415024,0.00020839699,0.00033265172,0.00027892887,0.0025105432,0.00007092104,0.00081527804,0.8437207,0.14589114,0.002476623],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00073326624,0.000057830275,0.0009202994,0.0014744021,0.00031727992,0.00007006658,0.0031002935,0.00027737647,0.003377399,0.010490041,0.978358,0.0008237819],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0175082,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013231857,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.89336485,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0015052947,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.007922763,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99995697},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7161955054","doi":"10.3138/cjccj-2026-0201","title":"Predatory Journals and AI-Assisted Plagiarism of Scientific Research: Bootlegging Research as a New Criminological Reality","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Criminology and Criminal Justice/La Revue canadienne de criminologie et de justice pénale","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal; Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Legitimacy; Raising (metalworking); Set (abstract data type); Phenomenon; Academic community; Generative grammar","score_opus":0.39453424809621307,"score_gpt":0.4702968027787905,"score_spread":0.07576255468257742,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7161955054","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.93082625,0.008820664,0.0011360984,0.038395297,0.0010346087,0.00034600703,0.000041544008,0.00002918532,0.019370379],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9901747,0.0029879457,0.0017463241,0.0021028419,0.0005360922,0.000012455316,0.0000060241327,0.000026720469,0.0024068593],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9887812,0.0056924606,0.0012460296,0.00076660776,0.000588797,0.0029248826],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9841754,0.0079046,0.0005506676,0.0005437198,0.003399501,0.0034261318],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["metaresearch","sts","research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.030302664,0.00038366686,0.00090899935,0.003234029,0.0030583146,0.0005682339,0.0016114991,0.002699249,0.0002472931],"category_scores_gemma":[0.07331082,0.0003983203,0.00018075308,0.000752577,0.00863948,0.0006315982,0.00024528202,0.009882164,0.000008268148],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00052753865,0.0001113782,0.0020960828,0.00214974,0.00021646876,0.003271256,0.11477583,0.00004640537,0.0019782404,0.78961194,0.044157032,0.04105807],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013579795,0.0010190759,0.0437521,0.002107206,0.0048361043,0.005175353,0.57933646,0.00014987148,0.00092371926,0.22713009,0.13351236,0.0006997072],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.11733639,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.14042675,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5624819,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0016657667,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.032537904,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998469},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7164668588","doi":"10.14288/bctj.v11i1.653","title":"Investigating First-Year University Student Plagiarism: Fostering a Culture of Academic Integrity","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Thompson Rivers University","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Commit; Academic dishonesty; Higher education; Research integrity; Personal Integrity","score_opus":0.24681699108544192,"score_gpt":0.5507729842772933,"score_spread":0.30395599319185135,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7164668588","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9144942,0.0054169446,0.0008822656,0.0019002198,0.00091471773,0.00065645634,0.00006540005,0.00006656333,0.07560319],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9796092,0.017020691,0.00069309084,0.0003503138,0.00018719393,0.000004312192,0.0000057060024,0.000015078705,0.002114437],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99653834,0.00084667373,0.00078874314,0.00041269368,0.00096215727,0.000451363],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9972387,0.0007925231,0.00090869534,0.00027588935,0.00051227433,0.0002719467],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0045986944,0.00026028792,0.0007129482,0.0005927022,0.00094124896,0.00038697635,0.004470396,0.0011439543,0.0016551536],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002156541,0.00025595241,0.00020606135,0.0016312792,0.00063773285,0.0021992018,0.002147979,0.005060415,0.000007540282],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009192182,0.000107625594,0.8860251,0.00016646393,0.00024225132,0.000013098935,0.023556815,0.000070404545,0.008794392,0.012997545,0.0632108,0.0047236118],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015475494,0.00002695355,0.63154167,0.0059566577,0.00042303046,0.0000054525326,0.08484298,0.00013458061,0.017441278,0.10042756,0.15652438,0.0011279],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.012549097,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011295098,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.25448337,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00035742964,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000656437,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999893},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":[],"domain":null,"study_design":"qualitative","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W82288932","doi":"","title":"À quoi pensent les stagiaires avant leur premier stage","year":2001,"lang":"fr","type":"article","venue":"Érudit (Université de Montréal)","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Humanities; Political science; Art","score_opus":0.01701058308414939,"score_gpt":0.2138174616309733,"score_spread":0.19680687854682388,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W82288932","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6132954,0.083443634,0.0011082669,0.18984807,0.001982245,0.00044842833,0.00021518963,0.00020513704,0.10945363],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.1373786,0.066403575,0.00045507468,0.0007108216,0.0006717846,0.0000028335153,0.000022673912,0.00003268927,0.79432195],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99674404,0.00059291505,0.0002941843,0.000543859,0.0007496604,0.0010753702],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983532,0.0003700762,0.00026608564,0.00034900056,0.00017388003,0.00048779405],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009580559,0.00036256536,0.00039204131,0.0001504531,0.0019510451,0.00004847638,0.0007000885,0.0013571125,0.0062507787],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001636352,0.00041732483,0.00028190843,0.00042372794,0.00068544754,0.00053712446,0.00030930023,0.001671748,0.0013039415],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002956584,0.0002430199,0.012455238,0.000083100655,0.00025489856,0.005575157,0.034703422,0.00039560182,0.00034179466,0.2591672,0.5680276,0.11845728],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005520389,0.00008836887,0.0012282509,0.0001159757,0.00015016714,0.00017347245,0.01858212,0.00082383724,0.00008194438,0.0019008162,0.97583276,0.00047024604],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.25119358,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.48920894,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6848683,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.01047069,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022583542,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999393},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W980649888","doi":"10.31542/j.muse.182","title":"To Cheat or Not to Cheat: That’s the Marketing Research Question","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"MacEwan University Student eJournal","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"MacEwan University","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Mindset; Academic dishonesty; Academic integrity; Psychology; Perception; Face (sociological concept); Medical education; Public relations; Computer science; Political science; Sociology; Social psychology; Medicine; Social science","score_opus":0.08090650819015592,"score_gpt":0.4017531558556057,"score_spread":0.3208466476654498,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W980649888","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7627208,0.000013223872,0.0032255503,0.1190915,0.00066649774,0.0006000662,0.000008876029,0.00007144214,0.11360202],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9601764,0.00010609999,0.00029808702,0.0014670107,0.0006913066,6.650126e-7,6.997092e-7,0.0000069972425,0.037252698],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9946886,0.0028099436,0.00012545049,0.00025905302,0.0014719148,0.0006450624],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980623,0.0010516735,0.00005391126,0.0001726978,0.0002858197,0.0003736099],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01952047,0.00010747697,0.00014335864,0.0002156199,0.0030171035,0.00020174174,0.001152888,0.00025313016,0.00059406535],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0015492713,0.00008301287,0.00006735643,0.0006012828,0.000188271,0.00018168129,0.00037090963,0.0018504725,0.00023621164],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0043599773,0.0002799548,0.11428807,0.00003692264,0.00020140322,0.00017765687,0.40730807,0.0002817478,0.0008686402,0.10802373,0.27449366,0.08968015],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00024414447,0.00008832324,0.09869032,0.000097679105,0.000018551062,0.000005837441,0.11242061,0.000030871608,0.00008929855,0.00014714837,0.78801864,0.00014856609],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003987586,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007354427,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.51352495,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006640165,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00021576576,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9982808},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}