{"meta":{"query_hash":"7bc9a88efed2","filters":{"topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors"},"cohort_total":546,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":546,"exported":546,"export_cap":100000,"truncated":false,"label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12"},"permalink":"https://metacan.xera.ac/q/7bc9a88efed2","api":"https://metacan.xera.ac/api/v1/cohort?topic=CCD+and+CMOS+Imaging+Sensors"},"results":[{"id":"W112563555","doi":"","title":"The International Liquid Mirror Telescope project : optical quality tests and prospective detection of multiply imaged quasars","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Open Repository and Bibliography (University of Liège)","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Quasar; Telescope; Physics; Optics; Quality (philosophy); Image quality; Astronomy; Remote sensing; Computer science; Geology; Galaxy; Computer vision; Image (mathematics)","score_opus":0.01251820021908078,"score_gpt":0.23294427684541807,"score_spread":0.2204260766263373,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W112563555","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9947131,0.0001422389,0.00012911818,0.000105523104,0.000104630366,0.00037613953,0.0000061917676,0.00003556183,0.004387488],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978933,0.00056172314,0.0014370226,0.0000043056634,0.000009606179,0.0000019227416,9.394449e-7,0.000006175597,0.00008503781],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99940664,0.000047965907,0.00013456644,0.0001661701,0.00013872283,0.00010594886],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994874,0.00010883833,0.0000756366,0.0001370259,0.00014533431,0.000045786644],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020108969,0.00009288133,0.00014865604,0.00091783283,0.00022314119,0.00012248337,0.00023414551,0.000047670703,0.0000040865875],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000015899907,0.000083224535,0.00006377984,0.0013956705,0.00028840953,0.00057425385,0.00012986826,0.000115324365,6.897202e-7],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003761786,0.000104237886,0.30690712,0.00009752871,0.00028039655,0.0000078120565,0.0012088215,0.000005514314,0.6880033,0.00009101113,0.0005946064,0.0023235094],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006307077,0.00016886259,0.9488252,0.00004744654,0.00003353672,0.000017712176,0.002372124,0.0006142102,0.04691016,0.000034205757,0.00020209447,0.00014375492],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004281715,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00011006142,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.64191806,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000008443847,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010360462,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6472701},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1500703527","doi":"10.1109/mwscas.2002.1186797","title":"Current mirrors with limiting of linear dynamic range","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Current mirror; CMOS; Current limiting; Transistor; Electronic circuit; Electrical engineering; Voltage; Amplifier; Operational amplifier; Power (physics); Electronic engineering; Computer science; Physics; Engineering","score_opus":0.012691641946224474,"score_gpt":0.2336144160119306,"score_spread":0.22092277406570612,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1500703527","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97909886,0.00054621877,0.004648327,0.000016998452,0.0001393599,0.000059700524,0.0000018799324,0.00020159189,0.015287091],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99571633,0.000041277293,0.0040651807,0.0000070966653,0.0000062678987,0.0000018067483,0.000001244634,0.00002001796,0.00014079473],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99960893,0.0000072467387,0.0001028371,0.00007088302,0.00007670482,0.00013340468],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99981374,0.00001827668,0.000012662434,0.000105548424,0.000019348056,0.000030451354],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000043231532,0.000079277546,0.00009577577,0.000039453884,0.000015618549,0.00000434897,0.000038828373,0.000014634828,0.00006191037],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000010917971,0.00006378003,0.000025844782,0.00010866538,0.000018143086,0.000035652887,0.0000031816528,0.000077717894,0.000018392888],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012663018,0.0009639654,0.33570984,0.004754499,0.00087310496,0.00012759544,0.0111385975,0.22297864,0.10359519,0.02686355,0.004839013,0.28802937],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004266899,0.00022983263,0.030319097,0.00085920416,0.0001763726,0.00012689109,0.0021810192,0.7444974,0.11938761,0.00032041658,0.095691934,0.0019433275],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000063222046,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000020025447,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.52151877,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000014124678,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006149978,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.26008743},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W150744986","doi":"10.1023/a:1008330031444","title":"Multi-Input Floating Gate Differential Amplifier and Application to Intelligent Sensors","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ministry of Transportation of Ontario","funders":"","keywords":"Differential (mechanical device); Convolution (computer science); Computer science; Electronic engineering; Chip; Amplifier; Voltage; Differential amplifier; Operational amplifier; Negative feedback; Control theory (sociology); Computer hardware; Engineering; Electrical engineering; CMOS; Artificial intelligence; Telecommunications; Control (management)","score_opus":0.010713069260033833,"score_gpt":0.2272237889589193,"score_spread":0.21651071969888547,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W150744986","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8089741,0.0005021937,0.1892461,0.000038111026,0.000031433676,0.0001568374,0.000008421944,0.00023672686,0.0008060866],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99890447,0.00010552873,0.0004770315,0.00012806192,0.0000817705,0.000009973646,0.000020492269,0.00003976145,0.00023294095],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99890363,0.000022567307,0.00028685917,0.00033964755,0.00012699912,0.00032027197],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996024,0.000025820576,0.000030032114,0.000098135315,0.00007175276,0.00017189996],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000088074245,0.00024487628,0.00022698723,0.00012237718,0.00020397536,0.00022432847,0.00008203819,0.000086603985,0.000113208815],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009420922,0.00021770284,0.000031681306,0.00028586655,0.00006117372,0.00014218224,0.0000121076,0.00025018182,0.000025817746],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006276914,0.000020255367,0.00037037418,0.000082041304,0.000027483378,0.0000053391755,0.0014455277,0.014510577,0.089270145,0.000019573172,0.00004418969,0.89419824],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003665384,0.000046464193,0.0028488392,0.00029440498,0.000059637845,0.000051730192,0.0008831563,0.97641504,0.015665164,0.00010807601,0.0026909634,0.00056997815],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008104084,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000019353349,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.96190447,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000034242647,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014448709,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8877664},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1508933133","doi":"10.1109/iscas.2004.1328690","title":"Design of a pixel array circuit for thinning process","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"NMOS logic; Pixel; Computer science; Logic gate; Diode-or circuit; Thinning; Electronic engineering; Asynchronous circuit; CMOS; Process (computing); Pass transistor logic; Digital electronics; Transistor; Electrical engineering; Computer hardware; Electronic circuit; Discrete circuit; Engineering; Artificial intelligence; Synchronous circuit; Voltage; Clock signal","score_opus":0.023881060668623475,"score_gpt":0.2318793713904802,"score_spread":0.20799831072185673,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1508933133","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.043678373,0.00006201708,0.9509368,0.000036293837,0.000073432886,0.0001521485,0.0000011093207,0.00025722463,0.004802597],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.983456,0.000002618491,0.016322222,0.000036234826,0.000030775303,0.000014250183,8.602314e-7,0.000021400583,0.00011560691],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996287,0.000001901308,0.00010502932,0.000071249364,0.00006099558,0.0001321198],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999829,0.00002557041,0.000011923413,0.00008047257,0.00003023542,0.000022829807],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006323733,0.00006746201,0.000091896996,0.000034009052,0.000018932242,0.000009803898,0.00006845247,0.000024065166,0.000012838624],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000016690894,0.00006227147,0.000026386238,0.000079392834,0.000012599694,0.00006220087,0.0000017368819,0.00004036863,0.000005371705],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000057703637,0.000022302185,0.00004368142,0.00023968064,0.00003254449,7.1111873e-7,0.0027913004,0.6258428,0.366893,0.0019738635,0.00017190144,0.001982447],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010542774,0.000060463328,0.00006779231,0.00011956329,0.000025528137,0.000011569995,0.00061374664,0.02617199,0.9522611,0.018723302,0.00058400753,0.00030665527],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000030445879,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.247295e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9397777,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000017787599,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001614444,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2539357},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1513645453","doi":"10.1109/tvlsi.2004.842890","title":"Design of a 3-D fully depleted SOI computational RAM","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Redundancy (engineering); Silicon on insulator; Computer science; Memory refresh; Embedded system; Chip; Three-dimensional integrated circuit; Computer hardware; Semiconductor memory; Computer memory; Silicon; Materials science; Operating system; Optoelectronics; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.012448294395708158,"score_gpt":0.21790341413646025,"score_spread":0.2054551197407521,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1513645453","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.041098554,0.00013032692,0.95595825,0.000073283416,0.0011890469,0.00041998568,0.0001284501,0.00047335238,0.0005287294],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99542147,0.00001696483,0.0037486064,0.000049365444,0.00012920574,0.000074981435,0.000026791547,0.000052975505,0.0004796228],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983637,0.00011777231,0.0005970576,0.00024672304,0.00038187587,0.00029288916],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999228,0.00015626443,0.00008154932,0.0002563013,0.00018377941,0.00009410395],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025520189,0.0002592318,0.00032005008,0.00029045323,0.00014167692,0.00007562014,0.00014384546,0.00014364775,0.000103025086],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000053062286,0.00025707018,0.00014741112,0.00035251366,0.00004622098,0.00031370408,6.2762734e-7,0.00029988535,0.00015886614],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000039629816,0.00014984758,0.0000062188847,0.000052906486,0.00007698687,0.0000017528075,0.0007300501,0.98265475,0.010276524,0.00006748036,0.0012392532,0.0047046226],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006993752,0.000069375914,0.000041547195,0.00015518484,0.00004177348,0.000035922843,0.000514251,0.9705941,0.026038919,0.0000242797,0.0015303015,0.0002549612],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000029264327,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006909149,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.95432293,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018308927,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000047986137,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99998814},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1514567560","doi":"10.1002/opph.201190266","title":"Interlaced goes Digital","year":2007,"lang":"de","type":"article","venue":"Optik & Photonik","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Allied Vision Technologies (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Interface (matter); Computer science; Computer graphics (images); Philosophy; Operating system","score_opus":0.004642066772458509,"score_gpt":0.2093884432385266,"score_spread":0.20474637646606808,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1514567560","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.82876736,0.006245512,0.0017005167,0.00019408052,0.004666314,0.00032133638,0.00008213962,0.0007008484,0.15732189],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9903975,0.00025335237,0.0011592266,0.00013673551,0.0007269256,0.00000422638,0.000039559814,0.00012728681,0.007155147],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.998012,0.0000102608665,0.0004518268,0.00040071152,0.00028120534,0.00084397616],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99899065,0.000112071466,0.00006437251,0.00051368866,0.00005521153,0.00026400585],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022879231,0.00041456617,0.00035164657,0.00016247279,0.0000947423,0.00039614816,0.00031914504,0.00017458353,0.00048360747],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000056356545,0.00044446057,0.00021774582,0.00029003937,0.000115367715,0.0003172878,0.00009780224,0.00046941836,0.0033935478],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0010838091,0.0017361082,0.011432362,0.001727516,0.003900544,0.0037843129,0.027613683,0.013150061,0.20849714,0.004524031,0.13083033,0.5917201],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011178472,0.00013781899,0.0014083367,0.00032348928,0.0001377371,0.00006195805,0.0012047918,0.014368236,0.0750611,0.00016679279,0.90482736,0.0011845576],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000048460617,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000017683627,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.773997,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019616059,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000032242253,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99980074},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1516718869","doi":"10.1109/icpr.1990.119372","title":"MAR: an integrated system for focal plane edge tracking with parallel analog processing and built-in primitives for image acquisition and analysis","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Cardinal point; Pixel; Convolution (computer science); Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution; Tracking (education); State (computer science); Controller (irrigation); Computer vision; Plane (geometry); Image sensor; Computer hardware; Artificial intelligence; Algorithm; Mathematics","score_opus":0.013022816403484289,"score_gpt":0.22756620256442162,"score_spread":0.21454338616093732,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1516718869","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5675079,0.00040766434,0.4310662,0.00004962065,0.0000144375235,0.00034725486,0.000039569804,0.00022330844,0.00034403955],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9656818,0.000015060983,0.03407783,0.0000133289295,0.000029684754,0.000043742184,0.00007025807,0.000025912645,0.000042397154],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992844,0.000013733644,0.00017996662,0.00024014765,0.000059857237,0.00022189372],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999717,0.000056220582,0.000029422185,0.00008462766,0.00005160605,0.00006110922],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000105502404,0.00015814834,0.00026543415,0.00020408793,0.00006975119,0.00013988407,0.00004204905,0.0000512691,0.0000056971685],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000007587374,0.0001278145,0.00003090779,0.0002502602,0.000040769195,0.00032064144,0.000005184559,0.00006133232,2.1653767e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.001703879,0.0006727642,0.09673387,0.01294117,0.0029620281,0.00021351145,0.017910244,0.053573295,0.06389359,0.0023945933,0.0011389881,0.74586207],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010538365,0.00010300112,0.0134293875,0.00013341682,0.0002346291,0.000031556097,0.0017256201,0.98158324,0.0013834338,0.000020922067,0.00006318316,0.00023774718],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002259128,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00018271097,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.92801,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000039181243,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000038822054,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.52121246},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1536805523","doi":"10.1109/iscas.1990.112648","title":"Hardware design of 2-D analog filters for directly filtering raster scanned images in real time","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Windsor","funders":"","keywords":"Filter (signal processing); Analogue filter; Computer science; Realization (probability); Raster graphics; Composite image filter; Digital filter; Analog image processing; Amplifier; Computer hardware; Analogue electronics; Filter design; Analog signal processing; Analog signal; Electronic circuit; Electronic engineering; Artificial intelligence; Image processing; Image (mathematics); Computer vision; Electrical engineering; Engineering; Digital signal processing; Digital image; Bandwidth (computing); Mathematics; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.021512944807192257,"score_gpt":0.2139518757229266,"score_spread":0.19243893091573433,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1536805523","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7736351,0.00066527945,0.13454072,0.0004971299,0.0006204195,0.0015073516,0.00018298539,0.0017053523,0.08664567],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9763279,0.00006993582,0.018935965,0.00003233416,0.00004680956,0.000023739565,0.000008275387,0.000050212362,0.0045048124],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99933416,0.000015611839,0.00020275977,0.00013530729,0.00007069539,0.00024147156],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996843,0.00009234273,0.000018255061,0.000147215,0.000020356223,0.000037555477],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008378838,0.0001260904,0.00019780692,0.00012184206,0.000015783153,0.000019910163,0.000098177145,0.00003629546,0.000425585],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000021056207,0.00012334812,0.000053722117,0.000121535704,0.000021985525,0.00011305244,0.00001351296,0.000050563995,0.000031360774],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000044728695,0.000053426495,0.0009444291,0.0002304384,0.00007050191,0.0000150673995,0.0009793399,0.11608768,0.793528,0.000014659353,0.06928418,0.01874754],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009382064,0.00007342283,0.0016352617,0.0001241821,0.000019077233,0.0000068632753,0.00008702155,0.74064827,0.25507897,0.00004253045,0.0009727505,0.0003734201],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000029292696,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000048881575,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6245606,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000031128428,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000022562092,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.50299907},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1568797570","doi":"","title":"1.2 V 0.18 &#181;m CMOS imager with column-level oversampling","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"European Solid-State Circuits Conference","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Oversampling; CMOS; Delta-sigma modulation; Ranging; Dynamic range; Voltage; Power (physics); Physics; Electronic engineering; Electrical engineering; Engineering; Optoelectronics; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.05030647609845499,"score_gpt":0.2396130739787632,"score_spread":0.1893065978803082,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1568797570","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6252433,0.00013695168,0.061856907,0.00007741698,0.00044759447,0.00030297207,0.000085429354,0.0014480024,0.3104014],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9937652,0.00018707488,0.0005328747,0.0002452722,0.00016506869,0.000006426542,0.000026982041,0.00018260084,0.004888529],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99793863,0.000093417584,0.00038483884,0.00049339095,0.0003298271,0.0007598865],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99885154,0.000064485874,0.00007709918,0.0005606371,0.00018620527,0.0002600144],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002342718,0.0004143866,0.00033586018,0.00012536996,0.00016122527,0.00033372792,0.00043045165,0.000036880974,0.0005797847],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004000946,0.0004194833,0.00007304329,0.00035776224,0.00015794589,0.00033683138,0.00006782567,0.00041387536,0.0009949037],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017760687,0.00048412537,0.023873588,0.0007453402,0.001108059,0.00940656,0.028134672,0.12188989,0.28689343,0.0018432128,0.04275404,0.48268947],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.012794354,0.0008210816,0.2490526,0.0027344094,0.0004925499,0.0029815983,0.0053964183,0.14129351,0.044119053,0.0012973605,0.528028,0.0109890755],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000025154872,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002507498,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.48527396,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007862809,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000057692156,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998257},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1570159760","doi":"10.1007/1-4020-4330-9_59","title":"Intra-pixel Response of a HAWAII-1RG Multiplexer","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Herzberg Institute of Astrophysics","funders":"","keywords":"Multiplexer; Computer science; Multiplexing; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.00833750387070794,"score_gpt":0.18869290850491818,"score_spread":0.18035540463421024,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1570159760","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0019703938,0.0004909834,0.00096462533,0.00005039227,0.00033328062,0.00016176076,0.00006686712,0.000520572,0.99544114],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.08699022,0.00006332823,0.0014976426,0.000057230776,0.00017276366,0.0000037432512,0.00003129631,0.00017304489,0.91101074],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989875,0.000008756919,0.00037566252,0.00021021206,0.00019947418,0.00021841782],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993081,0.00011850428,0.00005280614,0.00041094303,0.000051119405,0.000058513415],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011436165,0.0003344439,0.00039767203,0.00020457248,0.000018048891,0.000016275266,0.00015347633,0.0002625925,0.00083054916],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000015224594,0.00032821306,0.00017585265,0.000026298121,0.00008022889,0.00003930431,0.00002918681,0.0002967308,0.00022682875],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008712086,0.0001017547,0.000107989494,0.0011731284,0.0009058383,0.00026990788,0.00079784583,0.02029742,0.09513539,0.082906306,0.7604435,0.03698969],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005179891,0.00003804247,0.0002183694,0.0002552984,0.00007128556,0.000024431221,0.000020513295,0.0036368768,0.004897248,0.0009809427,0.9885776,0.0007613708],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000036704878,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000024838022,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.22813411,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000611683,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000023006016,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999917},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1587801734","doi":"10.1109/leosst.1996.540742","title":"Alignment tolerant smart pixels","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; McGill University","keywords":"Pixel; Redundancy (engineering); Computer science; Fault tolerance; Computer vision; Artificial intelligence; Distributed computing; Operating system","score_opus":0.011195480215765741,"score_gpt":0.17115912170214587,"score_spread":0.15996364148638012,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1587801734","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.34552264,0.0005063655,0.0034108162,0.00067484647,0.00064150925,0.00009537282,0.0000023457476,0.0011189475,0.6480272],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9912764,0.00003333664,0.0005487458,0.00020647228,0.000050406514,0.0000029369473,5.6736616e-7,0.000013923578,0.0078672515],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996373,0.000002851995,0.00007741891,0.00006578228,0.00007362098,0.00014303667],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99982566,0.000007589876,0.000003027588,0.000118362936,0.000004530436,0.00004083866],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00001890201,0.000066518565,0.000061403254,0.000020208985,0.000017481883,0.000017582586,0.000046275385,0.000016042664,0.0021242402],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000015540464,0.000059009613,0.00002666589,0.000045318688,0.000007757379,0.00003632979,0.0000065138615,0.000039371185,0.0008834488],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000026508317,0.00015134858,0.0022715202,0.000089336725,0.00014436984,0.00007681939,0.0024475986,0.030681632,0.040384743,0.0048821317,0.77114785,0.14772001],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003743998,0.000017867465,0.0010166024,0.00001793797,0.000011460873,0.000025619753,0.00010377924,0.3644179,0.02748903,0.00014172026,0.60603195,0.00035169587],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000709428,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002467518,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.64575374,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000018742514,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":4.1083428e-7,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998945},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1592441315","doi":"10.1002/9781118468654.ch4","title":"Low‐Cost VLSI Architecture for Random Block‐Based Access of Pixels in Modern Image Sensors","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Architecture; Pixel; Very-large-scale integration; Block (permutation group theory); Computer science; Image (mathematics); Random access; Interface (matter); Computer architecture; Computer hardware; Computer graphics (images); Artificial intelligence; Parallel computing; Embedded system; Art; Mathematics; Operating system; Visual arts; Combinatorics","score_opus":0.00991108490472561,"score_gpt":0.246402508099137,"score_spread":0.23649142319441138,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1592441315","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.005720396,0.0011646042,0.21490166,0.00023918756,0.0012454918,0.0038343337,0.00078829506,0.0017562711,0.77034974],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5025781,0.0002030942,0.031083079,0.00046620594,0.0019350875,0.00035191665,0.0003808043,0.0046953894,0.4583063],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987628,0.0000266103,0.0003187373,0.00025887555,0.00016899033,0.00046402795],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99925643,0.00013363804,0.00008149241,0.00041305,0.000025284713,0.00009012694],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000108646534,0.00041052687,0.00066103355,0.0004693889,0.0000122189795,0.000037029393,0.00031129926,0.00026532475,0.00070838374],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002893254,0.00036579432,0.00019848508,0.00015828403,0.000057697984,0.000051795378,0.000030476647,0.0002788344,0.000016873706],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007299877,0.0004973482,0.00056979916,0.010538641,0.0006684359,0.000038529335,0.0010328529,0.36136582,0.021629462,0.0000817503,0.53771555,0.065131836],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.020511962,0.000052194184,0.00023036353,0.0025557654,0.00035439772,0.000022150902,0.00007984493,0.28507316,0.12067064,0.00037048405,0.56698495,0.0030940517],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000104181134,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00025264706,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4968577,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000035346282,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000022179309,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998794},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1600319300","doi":"10.1109/icsens.2003.1278990","title":"Partition noise in transistor reset operation in active pixel image sensors","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Transistor; Noise (video); Reset (finance); Partition (number theory); Electronic engineering; Image noise; Computer science; Noise generator; Flicker noise; Electrical engineering; Engineering; Mathematics; Artificial intelligence; Image (mathematics); Voltage; Noise figure; CMOS","score_opus":0.006805821308720115,"score_gpt":0.21411209074953075,"score_spread":0.20730626944081063,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1600319300","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9895049,0.000017496395,0.0020392968,0.00039489125,0.00007990325,0.00012598955,0.000006754099,0.00013255556,0.0076982654],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987839,0.000022110164,0.0010034317,0.000043895718,0.000026199921,0.000012774881,0.000014887568,0.000016584909,0.00007621555],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99946773,0.00001628938,0.00015159641,0.000120580255,0.0000781263,0.00016570663],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99984854,0.000011210176,0.000005978771,0.0000923162,0.000011721036,0.00003021559],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006473825,0.00008891255,0.00009693636,0.00012342872,0.000015264128,0.000020534211,0.000035876186,0.000042256048,0.000064423824],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001282427,0.00009272063,0.000022520091,0.00016902422,0.000017694676,0.00026134838,0.000002965366,0.00013099767,0.00007186005],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000050037874,0.0001133506,0.0004522076,0.000046769397,0.0000089504065,0.00005420558,0.005407753,0.5259725,0.4646443,0.00077473704,0.0003651813,0.0021100107],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0073804148,0.0001052977,0.119583845,0.00027806495,0.00002142949,0.000031134106,0.0032809111,0.14696373,0.7152218,0.0022055972,0.0036834578,0.0012442825],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00022888555,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0017971554,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.37900874,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020770103,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011686044,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.37810376},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1602298436","doi":"","title":"3D modeling of active pixel sensor with microlens","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"17th Microopics Conference (MOC)","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Crosslight Software (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Microlens; Pixel; Sensitivity (control systems); Image sensor; Aperture (computer memory); Optics; CMOS sensor; Materials science; Optoelectronics; Electronic engineering; Physics; Engineering; Acoustics; Lens (geology)","score_opus":0.0336100553910795,"score_gpt":0.19402806643426626,"score_spread":0.16041801104318676,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1602298436","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9473172,0.00013586343,0.030467562,0.000026669026,0.00017606636,0.00017248155,0.00004210717,0.00022347075,0.021438573],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9889179,0.000090431095,0.010578643,0.000037243615,0.00004790958,0.000006655105,0.000009209245,0.0000503842,0.00026166212],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989529,0.000019315468,0.0002632579,0.0002558971,0.0001360899,0.00037250525],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99929386,0.000019198167,0.00005794158,0.0003590243,0.00018143961,0.00008851764],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000054644133,0.00025809527,0.0003065343,0.00010423385,0.00004804177,0.00002404143,0.00022349587,0.00010005867,0.00013152455],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000010421048,0.00023890573,0.000057625453,0.00014376886,0.000099497236,0.00013528137,0.000036806097,0.0002667609,0.000040578794],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00029509814,0.0003327784,0.00703492,0.0005721274,0.00073189614,0.000081372404,0.030703308,0.016881995,0.87254304,0.004744897,0.00047067096,0.06560791],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0021128904,0.00025851166,0.002262273,0.00065401965,0.00023861378,0.00012188401,0.0038209213,0.42992666,0.5540632,0.00086685014,0.0040356764,0.0016385204],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000120469726,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006966356,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.41304466,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003762669,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006127793,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.97422934},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1615825329","doi":"10.1109/nusod.2015.7292879","title":"3D modeling of CMOS image: Comparison between front- and back-illumination","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Crosslight Software (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Image sensor; CMOS; Pixel; Sensitivity (control systems); CMOS sensor; Wavelength; Computer science; Electronic engineering; Optoelectronics; Artificial intelligence; Materials science; Engineering","score_opus":0.030784870040430963,"score_gpt":0.2539553616530584,"score_spread":0.22317049161262742,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1615825329","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8740878,0.00021727987,0.09506482,0.00006346775,0.00008516725,0.00006695655,0.0000042993765,0.00014997493,0.030260224],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98496056,0.0000057044845,0.014806659,0.0000061279684,0.000044446777,5.8265226e-7,0.0000065850377,0.00001434741,0.00015501592],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995729,0.0000073172305,0.00015590178,0.000074252246,0.00009255585,0.000097102726],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99978155,0.0000133953,0.0000141620585,0.00008649408,0.000047144673,0.00005723963],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008027674,0.00007067254,0.00014082086,0.00004057038,0.000011185167,0.000016490365,0.00004268184,0.000031183557,0.00003356698],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000013744017,0.00006891164,0.000014004182,0.000037962775,0.000019943329,0.00012187847,0.000015950203,0.000059699498,0.000046339905],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003155042,0.00011384422,0.09727329,0.00066141353,0.00025235422,0.000004896867,0.015639625,0.69411993,0.021695735,0.00061327976,0.03929385,0.13030021],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00023951578,0.000010511549,0.0006821334,0.000012587318,0.000013263764,8.952295e-7,0.00042693564,0.99620813,0.0016944814,0.000078446436,0.0005440356,0.000089046895],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007526315,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006529468,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3020882,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002188734,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000043264645,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.28101352},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1633411078","doi":"10.1007/978-1-84800-304-0_10","title":"Towards OpenVL: Improving Real-Time Performance of Computer Vision Applications","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Advances in computer vision and pattern recognition","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Scalability; Implementation; Software; Pipeline (software); Synchronization (alternating current); Middleware (distributed applications); Distributed computing; Embedded system; Reusability; Real-time computing; Computer architecture; Software engineering; Operating system","score_opus":0.009718912969180501,"score_gpt":0.23527510959201434,"score_spread":0.22555619662283383,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1633411078","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.16402352,0.010307148,0.65907323,0.00012598687,0.0035864902,0.0038895912,0.00063443056,0.0015928467,0.15676677],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.52960944,0.317827,0.13582467,0.00085085625,0.0044437977,0.00021617326,0.003366015,0.0008643273,0.006997726],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99856627,0.000017517526,0.00054637546,0.00043474062,0.00022445334,0.0002106307],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993228,0.00008182691,0.00016764042,0.00027000243,0.000086716434,0.00007104507],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009851069,0.00036965054,0.00046612657,0.0002691817,0.00006953518,0.000041920568,0.00016439453,0.00019366757,0.00007988117],"category_scores_gemma":[8.089914e-7,0.00037079517,0.00009083886,0.00006000184,0.000090707996,0.00042804604,0.00011548094,0.0003194923,0.00009296273],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014451221,0.000019651277,0.000036155983,0.0004673339,0.000012615626,0.000010332684,0.00007706709,0.0014441028,0.00012072369,0.000004735888,0.00025214528,0.9975407],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013489722,0.0008635216,0.0017099419,0.0044022333,0.000061334205,0.00022678508,0.0000041790286,0.9116669,0.00065869064,0.00071876426,0.07691975,0.0014188968],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000010839629,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007716628,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.99612176,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000051038256,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001287623,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998744},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1653561968","doi":"10.1007/1-4020-4330-9_81","title":"HIAC- A High Speed Camera Controller for Avalanche-Gain CCDs","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Herzberg Institute of Astrophysics","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Controller (irrigation); Environmental science; Physics; Biology","score_opus":0.007406887835089606,"score_gpt":0.18630287866588066,"score_spread":0.17889599083079105,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1653561968","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00009529501,0.00088123436,0.0055255895,0.00021710098,0.0008355992,0.0006460091,0.00018771087,0.0009358486,0.9906756],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.023638017,0.00006201968,0.0013269744,0.00029864986,0.0010777032,0.000016446924,0.00019691375,0.00026279452,0.97312045],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99870557,0.0000030852682,0.00038170358,0.00032447124,0.00019318865,0.000392013],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99938947,0.00009083206,0.000057648904,0.00030766526,0.00006955728,0.00008481257],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007881352,0.00050201744,0.00066265743,0.000146098,0.00004371281,0.000059102847,0.00016045879,0.00032505524,0.00069202774],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000072631824,0.00047229786,0.00031193293,0.000018233812,0.000045920853,0.00004224593,0.00001912113,0.00030596243,0.0003344747],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000038228696,0.000015753156,0.000007124598,0.00021406297,0.00042987196,0.000026604075,0.000044647597,0.008310393,0.0007240874,0.07619966,0.90598917,0.008000393],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0017975796,0.000033343218,0.0000155397,0.00009284501,0.00014656596,0.000010215042,0.000005729246,0.023421958,0.00037268014,0.007100756,0.96617854,0.00082427985],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000101153826,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000029517958,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.069098905,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011320553,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000186801,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99977285},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1759115555","doi":"10.1109/mwscas.1993.343265","title":"A novel photo BJT array for intelligent imaging","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Windsor","funders":"","keywords":"Bipolar junction transistor; Fixed-pattern noise; Correlated double sampling; Reset (finance); Noise (video); Chip; Common emitter; Image sensor; Capacitor; Computer science; CMOS; Pixel; Reading (process); Linearity; Biasing; Electronic engineering; Transistor; Flicker noise; Electrical engineering; Voltage; Engineering; Artificial intelligence; Noise figure; Image (mathematics); Telecommunications","score_opus":0.020020629565867247,"score_gpt":0.213978569510738,"score_spread":0.19395793994487073,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1759115555","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.017764067,0.0005705645,0.87880373,0.00046011357,0.0007150297,0.00029096642,0.00001273004,0.0010501324,0.10033267],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9774145,0.00003282273,0.01784702,0.0003136485,0.0001440085,0.000026469537,0.0000026143732,0.000046923928,0.004171979],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994862,9.4366345e-7,0.00011740243,0.00011284384,0.000060533395,0.00022204223],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99975795,0.000029728653,0.0000073101805,0.00013633339,0.000018609971,0.000050089897],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000036200083,0.00010281481,0.00008823834,0.00004605671,0.000030988795,0.000035767498,0.00007798362,0.000015894208,0.000588971],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000012705777,0.000097203076,0.00006177882,0.00007107382,0.000013333345,0.00006329432,0.000006100829,0.000057273104,0.0001429538],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006925342,0.00015374045,0.0006725861,0.0001770652,0.00010104716,0.0000062146046,0.0020085098,0.024118396,0.7614197,0.0014506615,0.13456935,0.07531576],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00031484192,0.000007785564,0.000043663145,0.000021036054,0.000012155456,0.00002056543,0.00025050412,0.57995385,0.19669631,0.00009001578,0.22231379,0.0002754793],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000131228835,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005334942,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.95965046,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000031650805,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000011691419,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.64488196},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1772571915","doi":"10.1109/ismvl.1990.122639","title":"On the synthesis of MVMT functions for PLA implementation using CCDs","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Column (typography); Computer science; Feature (linguistics); Algorithm","score_opus":0.037133215649252115,"score_gpt":0.2518788744542548,"score_spread":0.21474565880500265,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1772571915","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.960929,0.000026425068,0.020846149,0.0003747683,0.00021143914,0.00020197427,0.00003202298,0.0001367839,0.017241457],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99902683,0.0000035479025,0.0006189495,0.000038886643,0.00002706874,0.000012077763,8.984202e-7,0.000010397601,0.0002613435],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99975157,0.000004739345,0.000080849306,0.00004156394,0.000045465833,0.000075843454],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99970603,0.00018282274,0.000010255174,0.00007999218,0.000011584247,0.000009335275],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000038930368,0.00004305882,0.00004475384,0.000028530376,0.000046206802,0.000008739571,0.000029258435,0.000010808013,0.0007661839],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000017747721,0.000030972533,0.000033160053,0.00005639268,0.000008282831,0.000028624063,0.0000026407688,0.000021477961,0.000012326431],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000026593132,0.00019064563,0.0013033205,0.00026173008,0.00045244597,0.0000010669344,0.002561137,0.20095035,0.17080063,0.046713125,0.2765745,0.30016446],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00032758425,0.000039177277,0.0007477763,0.000032765736,0.00008777188,0.0000037879718,0.0023759892,0.8246511,0.15968865,0.00046205384,0.011380779,0.00020252878],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000018548077,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000011004028,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6237008,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001681731,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000010630854,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8389177},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1819977652","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-8659.2011.02073.x","title":"Computational Plenoptic Imaging","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computer Graphics Forum","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":78,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Computational photography; ENCODE; Computer vision; Computer graphics (images); Photography; Function (biology); Artificial intelligence; Process (computing); Visualization; Digital photography; Optics; Physics; Image (mathematics); Image processing; Art","score_opus":0.011131822776582052,"score_gpt":0.18624931024332583,"score_spread":0.17511748746674377,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1819977652","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.15247501,0.000557622,0.831585,0.00020465527,0.0022099412,0.00016955598,0.00001313839,0.001776016,0.011009041],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98224914,0.000010739064,0.017136548,0.00044562615,0.0000905706,0.000003561314,0.000012796643,0.00003627825,0.000014741908],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992557,0.0000089342875,0.00016258463,0.00015372709,0.000120606026,0.00029841802],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996685,0.000025471714,0.000017027245,0.00017403073,0.000040494284,0.00007449313],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000050970415,0.00014462716,0.00011477405,0.0001532325,0.000074856944,0.000037070327,0.00017209674,0.000028684455,0.000036551966],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000001439051,0.00015511567,0.00007666276,0.00019127366,0.00006285259,0.00013125903,0.00004662611,0.00014892902,0.00006958905],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002337508,0.00028030164,0.1191505,0.00026992493,0.00046421515,0.00028534807,0.0058238707,0.085133165,0.00021027248,0.5587389,0.11037438,0.11924576],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002281611,0.000014810586,0.012777564,0.00002301706,0.000010659083,0.000048188067,0.000029518576,0.9622364,0.00010949609,0.019589307,0.0046796296,0.00025326456],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008008183,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000024479139,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8771032,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000014240674,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007031881,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6325433},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W187552256","doi":"","title":"The BRITE Space Telescope: A Nanosatellite Constellation for High-Precision Photometry of the Brightest Stars","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Digital Commons - USU (Utah State University)","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Star tracker; Photometry (optics); Physics; Constellation; Telescope; Spitzer Space Telescope; Satellite; Optical telescope; Sky; Astronomy; Stars; Lagrangian point; Remote sensing; Optics; Spacecraft","score_opus":0.005511130402976847,"score_gpt":0.1726817903454135,"score_spread":0.16717065994243666,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W187552256","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97618145,0.00014965741,0.0013714863,0.00010709965,0.00022438346,0.00036658449,0.0005195237,0.00013537433,0.020944444],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9971599,0.00005288013,0.00010999473,0.000006130167,0.000017320577,2.7592046e-7,0.000043068005,0.000026197084,0.0025842276],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.999149,0.000026736181,0.00020069139,0.00016459379,0.0001865891,0.00027233706],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99898785,0.00044199682,0.0000857026,0.0003429369,0.00009612929,0.000045359357],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000070494934,0.00017029425,0.00017405406,0.00016235253,0.00025367204,0.00016086816,0.0003374496,0.000046789046,0.000004192004],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001953809,0.00013300392,0.0001243605,0.00069704326,0.00021666326,0.00032841682,0.00009165703,0.00013108007,0.0000067190294],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0019219018,0.0010872849,0.11592271,0.0009786102,0.0014169096,0.00027872637,0.0031404672,0.3081368,0.09363824,0.06837854,0.0697059,0.3353939],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0024989129,0.00014354808,0.022944761,0.0002866384,0.00012234658,0.000024799561,0.0009612929,0.013060528,0.06932683,0.004020352,0.8856945,0.00091547286],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00016641943,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00017475834,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8159886,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001012801,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002706679,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.54237425},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W189215230","doi":"","title":"Design of CMOS based transimpedance amplifier for integrated optical MEMS applications","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Transimpedance amplifier; Photodiode; CMOS; Amplifier; Operational amplifier; Optoelectronics; Wide dynamic range; Electronic engineering; Materials science; Engineering","score_opus":0.01767071081576278,"score_gpt":0.23785060629555038,"score_spread":0.2201798954797876,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W189215230","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0020601973,0.00005219752,0.99521875,0.00019002748,0.000022735165,0.00037352255,0.00001167098,0.00022970361,0.001841167],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.81455636,0.000004660819,0.18490106,0.000085563195,0.000042018484,0.00012888508,0.000009902415,0.000022547683,0.00024900507],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99954355,0.0000043921714,0.00015881125,0.000096093776,0.00005826101,0.00013891033],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996402,0.00011797079,0.000009059118,0.00014403228,0.000047706406,0.00004101952],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000070870374,0.00008470432,0.000111376256,0.000035096386,0.000018495142,0.000009334007,0.00008043393,0.0000386775,0.00007505553],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009059973,0.00007590961,0.00004114816,0.00011989723,0.000028705756,0.00004048043,0.0000014463469,0.000055247154,0.000014784923],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002749894,0.0000794315,0.00001396708,0.000083678235,0.000037110633,1.847297e-7,0.00011670052,0.62419546,0.28513816,0.0034403089,0.0038101573,0.08305734],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003137298,0.000014036564,0.000017254692,0.000008030108,0.000015550751,7.4855456e-7,0.00002836721,0.7733927,0.19889417,0.000077243916,0.027134186,0.00010399327],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000028156576,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000042518923,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8124962,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000023093453,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016480435,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3095504},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1902631842","doi":"10.3390/s151026331","title":"Using Polynomials to Simplify Fixed Pattern Noise and Photometric Correction of Logarithmic CMOS Image Sensors","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Sensors","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; CMC Microsystems","keywords":"Fixed-pattern noise; Pixel; Monotonic function; Computer science; CMOS; Logarithm; Image sensor; Noise (video); Nonlinear system; Algorithm; Calibration; Lookup table; Electronic engineering; Artificial intelligence; Image (mathematics); Mathematics; Physics; Engineering; Statistics","score_opus":0.028310464608816917,"score_gpt":0.26598889571388873,"score_spread":0.2376784311050718,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1902631842","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99600816,0.00009817613,0.001042883,0.00004395878,0.0010492449,0.0003578715,0.000035075853,0.0002444472,0.0011201892],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979631,0.000016574415,0.0014771292,0.00006272039,0.00014784426,0.0000048435018,0.000005036168,0.00006954693,0.0002532369],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99870205,0.000055788056,0.00035500329,0.00027740683,0.00024034671,0.00036938195],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991641,0.000099872865,0.000068593894,0.00028269316,0.00011958812,0.000265131],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021403891,0.00025249756,0.00037015422,0.00044205147,0.000045547153,0.000050284816,0.000096688185,0.00010425347,0.000026246436],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021174364,0.00026971905,0.00006780858,0.000763454,0.00006296479,0.00010893323,0.000047667396,0.00017780256,0.000059579677],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000105269944,0.00008599666,0.013088747,0.00023621434,0.00016430978,0.00009474062,0.0044945674,0.34553155,0.58893996,0.000002884426,0.0081408955,0.039114833],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015479808,0.00014536871,0.010681165,0.0001427942,0.00011684782,0.0002191996,0.002076398,0.67405045,0.30575535,0.000017871433,0.0043401034,0.00090648537],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000505023,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000020844705,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3285189,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001329073,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000022117694,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999755},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1903447875","doi":"10.1109/ccece.2005.1557381","title":"Test results of various CMOS image sensor pixels","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"CMC Microsystems","keywords":"Photodiode; Pixel; Transistor; CMOS; Image sensor; Chip; CMOS sensor; Computer science; Electrical engineering; Voltage; Electronic engineering; Optoelectronics; Physics; Engineering; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.003363229526393389,"score_gpt":0.18082079442980206,"score_spread":0.17745756490340867,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1903447875","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.3080979,0.00010284692,0.0047058794,0.0005909773,0.00033903235,0.00020043769,0.00020219974,0.0013577726,0.68440294],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9842708,0.0000051022957,0.006615551,0.000025336923,0.0001009162,0.0000014235422,0.000012857828,0.000027004337,0.008941024],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993535,0.0000054348207,0.000239393,0.000112682465,0.00010337751,0.00018558584],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996137,0.00008090143,0.000020875505,0.00021841371,0.000036676785,0.000029408096],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00005701117,0.0001067588,0.00013109141,0.000049534177,0.000017713088,0.000018604305,0.00007322522,0.000036368336,0.00005877797],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000043464315,0.00008618349,0.000044570475,0.00012669938,0.00003424383,0.000059713977,0.000011766662,0.000074838266,0.00011482887],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000019203067,0.00016371426,0.0015102694,0.00011977215,0.000032684016,0.000066825494,0.00028622817,0.014414689,0.84942055,0.00058649405,0.1284814,0.0048981574],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0031744316,0.000101994134,0.028862076,0.000079301506,0.000058576992,0.00009442043,0.00023451286,0.072011955,0.79072195,0.0010429923,0.10268715,0.0009306573],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00022952474,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000034578527,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.67617285,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000017711289,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000054864895,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3514461},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1922028507","doi":"10.1109/ccece.2000.849763","title":"Micro sensor based eye movement detection and neural network based sensor fusion and fault detection and recovery","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Artificial intelligence; Artificial neural network; Eye movement; Computer science; Sensor fusion; Computer vision; Eye tracking on the ISS; SIGNAL (programming language); Fault (geology); Fault detection and isolation; Soft sensor; Actuator; Process (computing)","score_opus":0.0066932474091394596,"score_gpt":0.17887444535073302,"score_spread":0.17218119794159356,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1922028507","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9879251,0.00041274063,0.010230868,0.00019337861,0.00034025154,0.00022075162,0.000005271716,0.0003427249,0.0003289283],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9967518,0.00015108177,0.0020509567,0.00051534415,0.00015000536,0.00000782436,0.0000022370978,0.000038201906,0.00033254616],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99908346,0.000041239906,0.0001938315,0.00028766211,0.000111212,0.0002826139],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996181,0.00007808923,0.000030719973,0.0001417963,0.000026292839,0.0001050051],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009795439,0.00021990054,0.00017482002,0.00009888802,0.00016407936,0.00010159077,0.000022887798,0.00009685659,0.00006597436],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000016356276,0.0002145108,0.000035614594,0.0001430089,0.000038343685,0.00012630649,0.000017328142,0.0001596279,0.000004497989],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008893389,0.000030041954,0.0030298033,0.00016806809,0.000033199558,0.000020818758,0.00009597188,0.09195806,0.717389,8.872842e-7,0.00037528866,0.18680996],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008277418,0.00009697812,0.008000356,0.000029545408,0.000029894101,0.000018768935,0.000069604816,0.92733026,0.061969187,0.000011248349,0.0013458444,0.00027057005],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007328661,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009134823,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8353722,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000044705692,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000016380255,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.87474966},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1938248414","doi":"10.1109/cicc.1995.518202","title":"A foveated image sensor in standard CMOS technology","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":65,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"CMC Microsystems","keywords":"Image sensor; CMOS; Computer science; Cartesian coordinate system; Application-specific integrated circuit; Computer vision; Artificial intelligence; Process (computing); Polar coordinate system; CMOS sensor; Power consumption; Transformation (genetics); Computer hardware; Power (physics); Electronic engineering; Engineering; Mathematics","score_opus":0.005360458117946564,"score_gpt":0.18798023654421173,"score_spread":0.18261977842626517,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1938248414","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8942019,0.0002895379,0.0015973502,0.0011170018,0.00012858602,0.0001307064,0.000008368497,0.001761392,0.100765154],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99426836,0.000049060163,0.003923833,0.00004896083,0.000016856491,0.000005514267,8.114272e-7,0.000025480462,0.001661099],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99945545,0.0000049827777,0.0001266992,0.00011117274,0.00006669195,0.00023501096],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99977475,0.000011415466,0.0000059670656,0.00016340955,0.000016768432,0.000027714308],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000029033272,0.00009788436,0.00012612557,0.00018516908,0.000013872562,0.000017348291,0.00007034401,0.00006407019,0.00080381293],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000019777866,0.00009430519,0.00002147366,0.0004330053,0.000033115135,0.00005877941,0.000012975953,0.00014682897,0.00030787714],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000043752072,0.00023480356,0.023015663,0.00026006668,0.00017334284,0.0013203538,0.0024017491,0.009707246,0.61466455,0.0052740374,0.14059071,0.20231372],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0042198002,0.00015248843,0.002598248,0.00013890979,0.000027757524,0.00023492752,0.0016676366,0.50718915,0.2989033,0.0017301734,0.18162088,0.0015167063],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008888887,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000020084683,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.49748194,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000049428323,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000015155434,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8801188},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1939527609","doi":"10.1109/ismvl.1990.122637","title":"Step-wise synthesis of CCD MVL functions","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Realization (probability); Decomposition; Logic synthesis; Variable (mathematics); Computer science; Function (biology); Logic gate; Algorithm; Mathematics; Mathematical analysis; Chemistry","score_opus":0.00982644698439274,"score_gpt":0.1680677734539321,"score_spread":0.15824132646953934,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1939527609","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.27629176,0.00049260346,0.006811033,0.00030908737,0.000500288,0.000085208034,0.000016549122,0.00090287876,0.7145906],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9915573,0.000034746787,0.0007450202,0.000018179924,0.000034592493,0.0000037358916,3.5392023e-7,0.000014048182,0.0075920434],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.999684,0.0000042716074,0.000094465526,0.000057061494,0.00006059576,0.00009962839],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997603,0.000046985482,0.000006765143,0.00014344216,0.000012465718,0.000029988705],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000019426212,0.00005836269,0.00008074874,0.000044630346,0.000016940809,0.0000067916812,0.000044301945,0.000021215528,0.0021898902],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000018306897,0.000053896227,0.000040925894,0.00009660744,0.000016032403,0.000042892665,0.0000058055566,0.000041531086,0.0003786592],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000055080527,0.00024787404,0.0041536363,0.000333761,0.00026758804,0.000015349035,0.00067962334,0.016562484,0.027036464,0.0019330212,0.60260886,0.34615582],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005975235,0.000044001637,0.006838166,0.00012418318,0.00016296076,0.000035042412,0.0010894119,0.61506915,0.09910564,0.00008537583,0.2760455,0.0008030544],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000015807844,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000764246,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7152655,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000010501072,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":8.447784e-7,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99872226},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1944014306","doi":"10.1109/nssmic.2000.949963","title":"FPGA/DSP-based coincidence unit and data acquisition system for the Sherbrooke animal PET scanner","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"2000 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium. Conference Record (Cat. No.00CH37149)","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"","keywords":"Field-programmable gate array; Computer hardware; Computer science; Digital signal processing; Scanner; Detector; Coincidence; Data acquisition; PCI Express; Embedded system; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.02324385837244387,"score_gpt":0.24653144165105892,"score_spread":0.22328758327861506,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1944014306","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98706216,0.00003079561,0.001207097,0.0007764535,0.0012824197,0.0008627426,0.00020871835,0.0007512719,0.007818344],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9762759,0.00056436774,0.021370742,0.0003576666,0.00042329988,0.000047846403,0.000027121057,0.00011526925,0.0008177367],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9965073,0.00007554562,0.0005464439,0.0011167035,0.00070847146,0.0010455302],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9972823,0.00025266124,0.00011520334,0.0016403036,0.0003521084,0.00035738706],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010688659,0.00050292385,0.00043551732,0.00021611205,0.0009589107,0.0010180481,0.0022385502,0.00012343793,0.0005490335],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005726267,0.00042683716,0.000094437826,0.00076141756,0.0009975825,0.0014402544,0.00013836868,0.00027922838,0.00061603874],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00049727183,0.00013289863,0.00059367646,0.0007083659,0.00008886741,0.00007471042,0.001061251,0.014716936,0.8762697,0.0011367048,0.006492949,0.09822668],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00055390585,0.00018675739,0.0010682157,0.00041371808,0.000073307005,0.00012899099,0.00033360947,0.9814641,0.0023049917,0.000022079817,0.012852713,0.00059762335],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00041737076,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00013112002,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.96674716,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00032034863,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00040643703,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998183},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1955768140","doi":"10.1109/ijcnn.1992.227322","title":"An analog parallel-processing array for motion detection","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Chip; Image processing; Photodiode; Invariant (physics); Computer vision; Artificial intelligence; Computer science; Parallel processing; Motion detection; Image (mathematics); Physics; Motion (physics); Optics; Computer hardware","score_opus":0.010230584203411174,"score_gpt":0.22591004459944938,"score_spread":0.21567946039603822,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1955768140","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.10749015,0.00005068976,0.8841288,0.000009648754,0.00014859215,0.000063222,5.5489687e-7,0.00038012036,0.0077281897],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9848714,0.000003426088,0.014838903,0.000026724781,0.00005127246,0.000008904978,0.0000031932743,0.00001783431,0.00017832396],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996582,0.000007079475,0.00007600689,0.00009061385,0.00004012144,0.00012794176],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999852,0.000006637537,0.00000799837,0.00007929022,0.000020261285,0.000033806766],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000059688107,0.00006559461,0.00005546022,0.00003885975,0.000056189507,0.0000401248,0.000026947366,0.00003095542,0.000024489484],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000010138729,0.000063943386,0.00002448901,0.00007645056,0.000006621428,0.00016772375,4.4738877e-7,0.00003858615,0.000008110198],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007951059,0.000036498022,0.00055808306,0.00009998994,0.000017775603,7.802764e-7,0.00039674796,0.12745301,0.5486585,0.00073842326,0.00024316537,0.3217891],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000596678,0.00006478023,0.0014842247,0.000014075933,0.000025137808,0.000014726503,0.00048636837,0.4195293,0.5577595,0.00244968,0.01717958,0.0003959324],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000087436865,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000426851,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.87738127,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000022545113,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000026841883,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.26075354},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1957842452","doi":"10.1109/ccece.2001.933600","title":"CMOS image sensor camera with focal plane edge detection","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Correlated double sampling; Image sensor; Pixel; Fixed-pattern noise; Computer science; CMOS; Artificial intelligence; Dynamic range; Edge detection; Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution; Chip; Computer vision; Noise (video); CMOS sensor; Electronic engineering; Image processing; Image (mathematics); Engineering; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.005600412612006212,"score_gpt":0.16526944631358975,"score_spread":0.15966903370158353,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1957842452","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.88518304,0.00011803833,0.025255002,0.00017450238,0.0004309569,0.00014881384,0.0000067295423,0.0015329702,0.087149955],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9942938,0.00001503046,0.0019195147,0.00006671953,0.00012610409,0.000004401151,0.0000018255882,0.000033266373,0.0035393487],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99948734,0.000006628597,0.00008702867,0.00012140654,0.000093913855,0.00020367093],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99975497,0.000017438037,0.000007911773,0.00014487712,0.000015820848,0.000058970534],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000019666635,0.00011875696,0.000096023134,0.00004449388,0.000039791805,0.000034494522,0.000042747888,0.000035018755,0.00056696794],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000004441905,0.00009732778,0.000023759856,0.00010573554,0.000027469774,0.000094056784,0.0000053576327,0.00012716831,0.0004994218],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000767414,0.00019579528,0.0019737945,0.00027424595,0.0003133588,0.0005325525,0.0024183742,0.015857669,0.6019514,0.00012440582,0.08029554,0.29598612],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0016735605,0.00022213216,0.0034044757,0.000047809586,0.00006648824,0.00074828963,0.0006147952,0.5795455,0.34348807,0.000022114806,0.06911599,0.0010507465],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000037363905,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000050470207,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.56368786,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000029158597,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000011558024,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.64192235},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1964556908","doi":"10.2316/journal.206.2004.4.206-2715","title":"VLSI Implementation of a Neuromorphic Spiking Pixel and Investigation of Various Focal-Plane Excitation Schemes","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Robotics and Automation","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Neuromorphic engineering; Pixel; Computer science; Synchronization (alternating current); Very-large-scale integration; Artificial intelligence; Computer vision; Electronic engineering; Computer hardware; Embedded system; Artificial neural network; Engineering; Channel (broadcasting); Telecommunications","score_opus":0.012179587902081864,"score_gpt":0.24419763419138027,"score_spread":0.2320180462892984,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1964556908","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9614596,0.00012322882,0.03775442,0.00038145462,0.00020412222,0.000045043453,0.000005240157,0.000013605243,0.00001328951],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9909761,0.00015135211,0.008779849,0.00002004733,0.00005138557,4.205687e-7,0.000011932854,0.0000079102765,9.975829e-7],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.999252,0.000011947063,0.00040164957,0.000048785565,0.00023420015,0.000051423394],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993941,0.000034560522,0.00028090642,0.000031159758,0.00023051558,0.000028713092],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013263988,0.00006637227,0.000114255236,0.00019565341,0.000015989352,0.000028598944,0.00005246051,0.000026896707,0.00000275463],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000026678776,0.00006691689,0.000023949613,0.00006630041,0.000035470657,0.0002630164,0.000010250975,0.00006481473,2.0476463e-7],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000025834282,0.000039628107,0.015615956,0.00024037548,0.00022149197,0.000012747569,0.0035689159,0.4704669,0.46741718,0.011726182,0.000028989889,0.03063577],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0044645406,0.00045630243,0.6805532,0.00090177957,0.00021397379,0.00061965745,0.0010528524,0.16441622,0.118592314,0.028293293,0.000090411515,0.0003454247],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002035924,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007530549,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.66493726,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000033594475,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000026019672,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.27287915},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1965140661","doi":"10.1117/12.839115","title":"Reducing crosstalk in vertically integrated CMOS image sensors","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Photodetector; CMOS; Image sensor; Electronic circuit; Integrated circuit; Pixel; Computer science; Electronic engineering; Electrical engineering; Optoelectronics; Materials science; Engineering; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.006367755129938259,"score_gpt":0.21683078075868192,"score_spread":0.21046302562874367,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1965140661","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99351525,0.00004737586,0.000023453149,0.00084604236,0.0005659132,0.00041490005,0.000043498425,0.00027026975,0.0042733043],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9149399,0.00004335477,0.08426892,0.000046708134,0.00030318575,0.00007924503,0.000009075928,0.0001198401,0.00018977985],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9975903,1.362841e-8,0.00084067683,0.00040635857,0.0005652261,0.00059742836],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998424,0.00014623259,0.0001522784,0.00008998603,0.0010261819,0.00016134742],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005509775,0.00041492813,0.00048204718,0.0001751286,0.00006614331,0.0001907437,0.0008418172,0.00026152577,0.00003265616],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000830085,0.00036809949,0.00050117745,0.0005332559,0.00033674898,0.000622122,0.00011204005,0.0009115601,0.000004955336],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000043835378,0.00008753499,0.00048039615,0.00037372208,0.00019200203,5.029145e-7,0.00037041056,0.00088915776,0.9267989,0.06861113,0.0016657806,0.00048662102],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0019293868,0.00017161707,0.003815733,0.000586526,0.00013851094,0.000054598942,0.0020593836,0.3251726,0.65850884,0.0010144981,0.005634396,0.00091388775],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000026667465,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000011286324,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.32428345,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016597411,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003405541,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998771},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1965466759","doi":"10.1117/12.385473","title":"6k-pixel 160-MHz CCD linescan sensor","year":2000,"lang":"de","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalsa Corporation","funders":"","keywords":"Pixel; Optoelectronics; Materials science; Physics; Electrical engineering; Optics; Engineering","score_opus":0.009054183398755097,"score_gpt":0.21785544043148594,"score_spread":0.20880125703273084,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1965466759","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98250395,0.0012743911,0.000025031388,0.003982348,0.0013276458,0.00090184924,0.00024934244,0.0004007117,0.009334747],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.69856566,0.0062682037,0.26859853,0.00091190275,0.011971393,0.0004942906,0.00013178021,0.0011993884,0.0118588535],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99485207,3.3787334e-8,0.0016634769,0.00089386816,0.0013790667,0.0012114781],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9967945,0.00025338726,0.0004625926,0.00018031892,0.0019047834,0.00040439432],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00080662523,0.0010081677,0.001106174,0.00023114304,0.00020229051,0.0003888361,0.0018004574,0.000575903,0.00030477007],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005408669,0.0009479304,0.0017121076,0.00080051564,0.0005130352,0.0008270979,0.00020437899,0.0010746096,0.00007016904],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00040744554,0.0006133829,0.0006239453,0.0034872903,0.003830438,0.000001416608,0.0014939917,0.0072447388,0.7904326,0.1533281,0.032942962,0.005593706],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0063429326,0.0010534816,0.002007346,0.0034765084,0.002448513,0.00015349577,0.004514219,0.43855536,0.18441361,0.0020800366,0.35125607,0.0036984347],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000034656994,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.3871999e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.60601896,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00042557888,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007072274,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99929714},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1965506668","doi":"10.3390/jlpea3030267","title":"A Low Power CMOS Imaging System with Smart Image Capture and Adaptive Complexity 2D-DCT Calculation","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Low Power Electronics and Applications","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Discrete cosine transform; Block (permutation group theory); Computer science; Computer vision; Artificial intelligence; Image quality; Image compression; CMOS; Pixel; Computational complexity theory; Image processing; Data compression; Image sensor; Image (mathematics); Computer hardware; Electronic engineering; Algorithm; Mathematics; Engineering","score_opus":0.003577597537436503,"score_gpt":0.19110060576561336,"score_spread":0.18752300822817686,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1965506668","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7489827,0.004971682,0.23960504,0.0011393003,0.00007575979,0.0008055221,0.000025222726,0.00015029342,0.004244459],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99807256,0.00007329925,0.0016601257,0.00006140785,0.000043359294,0.000023382121,0.0000036486654,0.000030304047,0.00003191988],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99914646,0.000016804372,0.00027585434,0.00014176632,0.00016014482,0.00025896446],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993522,0.000031985663,0.00012977891,0.00014939997,0.00020860504,0.00012802173],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010914434,0.00016871594,0.00022167603,0.00007095279,0.00012365374,0.00013033206,0.00008550334,0.000040157105,0.000014523896],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000031054155,0.0001375027,0.000047396632,0.00015027518,0.00008396845,0.00026801895,0.000014970268,0.00032854397,0.00000605978],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005775997,0.0017593644,0.022514857,0.002619458,0.0036715064,0.00023167046,0.014930838,0.02694089,0.46079233,0.3683558,0.0376483,0.059957385],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.009790433,0.0013579426,0.12310531,0.0021393711,0.0009405204,0.009561169,0.011579988,0.7409986,0.015737915,0.010704448,0.06983252,0.004251759],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000021580148,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000012498358,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.71405774,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011772246,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004228174,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5607197},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1965810992","doi":"10.3390/s130810765","title":"Digital Pixel Sensor Array with Logarithmic Delta-Sigma Architecture","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Sensors","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; CMC Microsystems","keywords":"Pixel; Delta-sigma modulation; Dynamic range; Image sensor; Logarithm; Noise (video); Computer science; Electronic engineering; CMOS; Fixed-pattern noise; Distortion (music); Scalability; Artificial intelligence; Human eye; Computer vision; Computer hardware; Engineering; Image (mathematics); Mathematics","score_opus":0.0034499671916495655,"score_gpt":0.16275991108734778,"score_spread":0.15930994389569822,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1965810992","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9631524,0.00006560597,0.0034961486,0.00039509014,0.00020041809,0.00029094156,0.000033316992,0.0009331573,0.03143289],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99302363,0.000008302053,0.0030403617,0.00012354845,0.00021350733,0.00001667603,0.000023392298,0.00011016985,0.0034403903],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987008,0.000016562759,0.00020497807,0.0002974144,0.00023974042,0.0005405165],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992747,0.0000638697,0.000029681603,0.00038929086,0.00006197137,0.00018053147],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000031312367,0.00033107252,0.00025509493,0.0001280136,0.00007505187,0.00020388133,0.00015913168,0.00009281939,0.00016768729],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000024357983,0.0002641763,0.00008506602,0.00022904282,0.00011597114,0.00018014696,0.000016445205,0.0003559593,0.00067696796],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000979214,0.00020907643,0.010497003,0.0004072881,0.0008214412,0.00031802215,0.005262432,0.6278867,0.12507711,0.00025230466,0.01707295,0.2120977],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.008000658,0.0009536655,0.04240247,0.0008235846,0.00039408746,0.004597728,0.008383331,0.17490897,0.11041231,0.0032702978,0.63617647,0.009676462],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000030123962,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000016224674,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6191035,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000046956975,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012714712,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99998105},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1965921852","doi":"10.1117/12.629237","title":"Focal-plane CMOS wavelet feature extraction for real-time pattern recognition","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Feature extraction; Wavelet; Artificial intelligence; Computer science; Pattern recognition (psychology); CMOS; Wavelet transform; Feature (linguistics); Extraction (chemistry); Computer vision; Electronic engineering; Engineering","score_opus":0.00970072925821716,"score_gpt":0.22132647701783845,"score_spread":0.21162574775962129,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1965921852","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9926462,0.00007040511,0.00022111056,0.0027631545,0.00032680997,0.0006845537,0.00019185267,0.00033751572,0.002758405],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6463292,0.0006363813,0.34627944,0.00030322577,0.0038602906,0.0006212774,0.0002424489,0.00037888208,0.0013488018],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99807006,1.3831821e-8,0.0005876334,0.00036555808,0.0004974349,0.0004792989],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984352,0.00016551896,0.00022201595,0.00006261711,0.0009874486,0.00012718528],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00040680682,0.00038206202,0.0004146486,0.0001148286,0.000086986605,0.00012326133,0.0005029009,0.00027015712,0.000030303943],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021881472,0.00035230047,0.0005757455,0.00021995124,0.0000988976,0.0006537864,0.000048824953,0.00036374625,0.00001023002],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009866867,0.000114432754,0.00006482973,0.0008244838,0.00048222538,1.355639e-7,0.00024669137,0.00064079725,0.93552476,0.009100431,0.037171204,0.015731333],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0026505708,0.00041158023,0.000939947,0.00072411966,0.00042491485,0.000090454334,0.00090067374,0.43103415,0.5224887,0.0010264664,0.038206812,0.001101566],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000073127067,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.772319e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.43039337,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023516883,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015303749,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998929},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1967260242","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2010.11.073","title":"Design, characterization and evaluation of high performance 2.8μm pitch zero space microlens","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Communications","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Microlens; Pixel; Materials science; Image sensor; Optics; CMOS; Optoelectronics; Physics; Lens (geology)","score_opus":0.025881862903039624,"score_gpt":0.24967602310560696,"score_spread":0.22379416020256734,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1967260242","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.982417,0.000092715316,0.015438932,0.0003361406,0.000106320724,0.0001635774,0.000008387339,0.00006930193,0.0013676161],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9690494,0.0007432941,0.030039083,0.000009031184,0.000012949851,0.00001667753,0.00006455444,0.00001736103,0.00004763357],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99955094,0.000038561444,0.00014654621,0.00006448759,0.00011320164,0.00008624612],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989583,0.000063663014,0.00004393034,0.00072875526,0.00017849501,0.000026856369],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00030835997,0.00007350892,0.000083421386,0.00005577545,0.00009184129,0.000024630868,0.00020458884,0.000047017624,0.000010713927],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000032122807,0.000082652936,0.000010699516,0.00011331459,0.00008007545,0.00011924819,0.00005282131,0.00017663346,0.000007642378],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000019332651,0.000036371726,0.00053362135,0.000026839865,0.000019639878,2.829197e-8,0.0007213316,0.0065613943,0.96636707,0.0040071923,0.000019935796,0.021704635],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00022382833,0.000010899212,0.030346315,0.00002421771,0.000057631394,0.0000037312059,0.000024831046,0.92020714,0.048023168,0.00018097459,0.0007854615,0.00011178618],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000006145459,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007030568,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9183439,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000014632134,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001934925,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3370489},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1967411743","doi":"10.1049/iet-cds.2010.0220","title":"Effect of 1/ <i>f</i> noise in integrating sensors and detectors","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IET Circuits Devices & Systems","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Detector; Noise (video); Sampling (signal processing); Physics; Subtraction; SIGNAL (programming language); Phase detector characteristic; Shot noise; Filter (signal processing); Gaussian noise; Invariant (physics); Optics; Algorithm; Mathematics; Computer science; Artificial intelligence; Image (mathematics); Computer vision; Arithmetic; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.008769492229844326,"score_gpt":0.20194484953945097,"score_spread":0.19317535730960664,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1967411743","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9896461,0.0016607548,0.000049078153,0.000001263332,0.0005277581,0.00026449,0.000006479695,0.00017843046,0.0076656863],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99982315,0.000022669876,0.000012450036,0.000005302435,0.00005279114,0.000017912032,0.0000013582916,0.000040421543,0.000023952827],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989002,0.000113438036,0.00038545707,0.00019575586,0.00013873469,0.00026644472],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994536,0.00017264036,0.00007210701,0.0002055213,0.000026059017,0.00007003974],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00039754843,0.0002142584,0.00039592505,0.00015401,0.000022738543,0.00002987114,0.00012412548,0.000082302424,0.000006264667],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003857941,0.00018575159,0.000049081587,0.00025226263,0.000040612194,0.0001338692,0.000015680742,0.00016886437,0.000013316315],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000037339778,0.0000632715,0.76659334,0.010109484,0.0002586766,0.00015497723,0.023150962,0.007377908,0.123788916,0.0003091852,0.00018580352,0.06797014],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.007051447,0.0017635814,0.1905796,0.0108765755,0.00052810024,0.00087927666,0.012394788,0.25186542,0.51322,0.000060961673,0.0064254496,0.0043548155],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006081968,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00014876822,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.57601374,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003548223,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000059515023,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.757473},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1967696734","doi":"10.1109/iscas.2012.6271779","title":"Single-filter multi-color CMOS fluorescent contact sensing microsystem","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Microsystem; CMOS; Color filter array; Image sensor; Optoelectronics; Materials science; Quantum dot; CMOS sensor; Filter (signal processing); Color gel; Computer science; Optics; Nanotechnology; Physics; Computer vision","score_opus":0.022999669770846432,"score_gpt":0.21561095672323388,"score_spread":0.19261128695238744,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1967696734","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98180425,0.00043776224,0.008221475,0.000064291635,0.0016479025,0.00021990701,0.0000066102334,0.00096159196,0.0066362093],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9913284,0.0000044211934,0.0071812584,0.0001480625,0.0002763088,0.0000016173208,0.0000046098476,0.0000553708,0.0009999382],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990063,0.000018763725,0.00021964076,0.00013195489,0.00012023396,0.0005031491],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995312,0.00004654035,0.000020320305,0.00022643857,0.00003213695,0.00014335773],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011550222,0.00019076922,0.00018754115,0.00005535178,0.0000522878,0.00006353047,0.0000730259,0.00007527187,0.00006506085],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000015980015,0.00016941666,0.0000769714,0.00007947524,0.000015092756,0.00017115977,0.000025218185,0.00014233007,0.00038148175],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006046223,0.000075903794,0.0030340708,0.000110362496,0.000055620403,0.000011117649,0.001012027,0.00026113697,0.9849255,0.000116137766,0.0049377084,0.0054543363],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010400318,0.000024033741,0.004864475,0.00015089447,0.00004325592,0.00014946821,0.00064221007,0.07276198,0.8614934,0.0000024436918,0.05815891,0.00066885684],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003891939,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000026763393,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1234321,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012793635,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000047390317,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6908611},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1968395879","doi":"10.1117/12.2045171","title":"Small-area decimators for delta-sigma video sensors","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Oversampling; Delta-sigma modulation; Upsampling; Pixel; CMOS; Chip; Computer science; Electronic engineering; Nyquist–Shannon sampling theorem; Engineering; Artificial intelligence; Telecommunications; Image (mathematics)","score_opus":0.01260717817591309,"score_gpt":0.21262735603690197,"score_spread":0.20002017786098888,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1968395879","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9935328,0.00009802925,0.0008732304,0.0009986107,0.000522901,0.00064501417,0.00007754834,0.00036284426,0.0028890518],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8353247,0.0001032066,0.16275959,0.00016307498,0.00083445304,0.00031004014,0.000022417391,0.0002228163,0.00025969386],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99756205,1.4997395e-8,0.00081316207,0.00044162048,0.0005478402,0.0006353367],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978538,0.00035376105,0.0002336711,0.00009447771,0.0012749522,0.00018933041],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006790932,0.00047661082,0.00057553145,0.00014781272,0.00011092061,0.00015514308,0.0009358792,0.00024098804,0.000011637492],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009008507,0.00042459505,0.00087867095,0.00032687205,0.0001944552,0.00039320084,0.000104700426,0.00033182732,0.0000025621405],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012044964,0.00011941028,0.00067402085,0.0016534117,0.00094380823,1.2256817e-7,0.0004523316,0.0074300454,0.5278756,0.44056597,0.01837454,0.001790282],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002403115,0.00035933335,0.00075641694,0.0005961537,0.0003846436,0.00003790882,0.0013148404,0.66547024,0.28489885,0.0039407825,0.038756248,0.0010814888],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000068950576,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.5452652e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.65804017,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017313816,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000019334826,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998206},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1969038832","doi":"10.1016/j.aca.2005.05.005","title":"Spectral filtering of light-emitting diodes for fluorescence detection","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Analytica Chimica Acta","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Chemistry; Fluorescence; Light-emitting diode; Diode; Optoelectronics; Optics","score_opus":0.008744368340428311,"score_gpt":0.21978607956147453,"score_spread":0.21104171122104623,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1969038832","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9949063,0.000016229984,0.00094137475,0.000399688,0.00012793612,0.00012058675,0.000009091402,0.00021652428,0.0032622775],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99368685,0.000023493867,0.005863482,0.000016822458,0.00027858312,0.0000050232434,0.0000028163038,0.000028846238,0.00009410241],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99925363,0.000005391723,0.00023497852,0.00015266205,0.00009388754,0.00025947197],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996372,0.000055378154,0.000036458852,0.00019148066,0.00002697231,0.000052545493],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007541813,0.00012760877,0.00017804293,0.00008831835,0.000048602666,0.000026129663,0.00013202138,0.000043275642,0.000024321596],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005673971,0.00012893045,0.00011013268,0.00013867367,0.000023435374,0.00013426674,0.000016662754,0.00010512708,0.0000074670265],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000089599735,0.000014811187,0.00010430405,0.000062919935,0.000044719007,3.5988822e-7,0.00020089725,0.0002158336,0.9929357,0.000047240537,0.00039442664,0.005969787],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00015025989,0.000019607569,0.000695006,0.00004229821,0.00003816133,0.000006249654,0.00003418939,0.22395717,0.7715239,0.000053186366,0.0033389092,0.0001410818],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002545975,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000014173524,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.22374134,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000047055757,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000060554435,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5257631},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1972516288","doi":"10.1116/1.582238","title":"Photoresponse of photodiode arrays for solid-state image sensors","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A Vacuum Surfaces and Films","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Photodiode; Photocurrent; Optoelectronics; Dark current; Optics; Substrate (aquarium); Current density; Diffusion; Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution; Materials science; Photoconductivity; Image sensor; Physics; Photodetector; Computer science; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.0052662994110888395,"score_gpt":0.2380828629053597,"score_spread":0.23281656349427088,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1972516288","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9973392,0.0008110913,0.0006187935,0.00042025844,0.00027247486,0.0001716216,0.00004372878,0.00011593422,0.00020688944],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98484737,0.00091423845,0.013911587,0.000029460674,0.000021316751,0.000004299176,3.9180904e-7,0.000026731002,0.00024463687],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982742,0.000017699187,0.00062072225,0.00024468644,0.00030761902,0.0005350902],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990201,0.00010442677,0.0002043124,0.0002805204,0.00024968464,0.00014094143],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00087830384,0.00023701116,0.00050898606,0.0007801436,0.00019160956,0.000064598105,0.0005495291,0.00013221963,0.000091262795],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007872157,0.00019783016,0.00013351027,0.0010610576,0.0010398504,0.00044459637,0.000039700746,0.00035402444,0.0000059166873],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015321674,0.00004797385,0.00058430026,0.000046934812,0.000046525933,0.000032113763,0.00061266084,0.0043421513,0.99095726,0.000044219414,0.00050192175,0.0026307418],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012789089,0.0005479744,0.0018944389,0.00014053138,0.00006512076,0.00067117537,0.0010522973,0.051697575,0.93495274,0.0018473181,0.0054424303,0.00040950222],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004907079,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000019836266,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.056004513,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003850912,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000101958,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.80672795},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1975620799","doi":"10.1117/1.3611015","title":"Toward a digital camera to rival the human eye","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Electronic Imaging","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":51,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Human eye; Computer vision; Artificial intelligence; Human visual system model; Image resolution; Digital imaging; Image sensor; Digital image; Digital camera; Lens (geology); Image processing; Optics; Image (mathematics); Physics","score_opus":0.010994650498071424,"score_gpt":0.22018237600144044,"score_spread":0.20918772550336903,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1975620799","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9770987,0.0014008043,0.005083573,0.0009808626,0.00037760098,0.00008301618,0.0000014140998,0.000095625874,0.014878399],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99915797,0.000021099433,0.00016300559,0.00019275093,0.0002792293,0.0000011021215,3.1022523e-7,0.000034745924,0.000149816],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989487,0.000013297045,0.0002951811,0.00007976145,0.0001951244,0.0004679521],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996062,0.000018278528,0.0000689115,0.00015184264,0.000067087174,0.0000876673],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020174733,0.000137706,0.00016849952,0.00011980374,0.000074033735,0.00010436631,0.00032458018,0.00001485375,0.00005447628],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000023341876,0.00010017834,0.00012765455,0.00015790635,0.000033792145,0.00031432044,0.000028171027,0.00046935928,0.000029277298],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00032617632,0.00068915973,0.06421994,0.00026725148,0.002589748,0.0017435986,0.08509366,0.017672548,0.21704596,0.021271786,0.106097616,0.48298255],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00698129,0.0016140083,0.06314934,0.0009674087,0.00085259345,0.009664127,0.0103062615,0.028974175,0.107110284,0.03667479,0.72947305,0.0042326753],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000116172205,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000017484136,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6233754,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015665428,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000047733058,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.40851542},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1976141857","doi":"10.1117/12.2044808","title":"CMOS digital pixel sensors: technology and applications","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Pixel; Digitization; Image sensor; Computer science; CMOS; Noise (video); Artificial intelligence; Digital imaging; Computer hardware; Electronic engineering; Computer vision; Digital image; Image processing; Engineering; Image (mathematics)","score_opus":0.005342339550748627,"score_gpt":0.19987934839787816,"score_spread":0.19453700884712954,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1976141857","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99170476,0.00011866924,0.00033383776,0.0012601787,0.0001420416,0.00039245226,0.00003943943,0.00033652197,0.0056720893],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9597783,0.000099847595,0.038986344,0.000054073585,0.0004942559,0.00020197158,0.000008009365,0.00009662054,0.00028056282],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985229,4.7061004e-9,0.00047244324,0.00031228398,0.00033991493,0.0003524803],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989564,0.00010438742,0.00013073556,0.000069222384,0.000633861,0.00010544002],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022549149,0.0002865123,0.00033749628,0.00017285041,0.00007285599,0.00014054973,0.00056121254,0.0001856248,0.00000401009],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00025614112,0.0002577866,0.00026713772,0.0004275976,0.00028856398,0.0004108334,0.0001162034,0.00029888074,0.0000034545028],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000143586,0.00005526219,0.00059535634,0.0004905327,0.00027897613,3.265063e-8,0.00011044812,0.00040323718,0.3907394,0.6019143,0.0018290839,0.0035689855],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0036528555,0.0006266545,0.0019172839,0.00087284483,0.0005126045,0.00020828853,0.0045492053,0.41726315,0.2789717,0.029691078,0.25954017,0.0021941643],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000001093112,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.6693383e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.57222325,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007265562,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000084858375,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999874},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1976199594","doi":"10.1117/12.2057114","title":"Intra-pixel response of the new JWST infrared detector arrays","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"","keywords":"James Webb Space Telescope; Detector; Pixel; Infrared; Wavelength; Bolometer; Infrared detector; Optics; Telescope; Materials science; Optoelectronics; Physics","score_opus":0.007113510585004967,"score_gpt":0.2030520311113504,"score_spread":0.19593852052634542,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1976199594","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9947365,0.000082884886,0.00022239324,0.0015147892,0.000498044,0.00038299098,0.00003137823,0.0001714033,0.0023595958],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.95503265,0.00004521622,0.043622218,0.00011514195,0.0005439811,0.00004824646,0.0000024617748,0.00010930309,0.00048076373],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9978743,4.1352774e-8,0.0007349929,0.00029491703,0.00067234546,0.0004233813],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99841416,0.00027469345,0.0002721559,0.00011860758,0.00077434105,0.00014604047],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00070633,0.00035611214,0.0004505336,0.0001043833,0.000072972245,0.00008327811,0.0012063244,0.0001939528,0.000016660284],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0013328772,0.00027312178,0.0006817648,0.0004422827,0.00025646185,0.0003436553,0.00014914582,0.0004098808,0.000002267033],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015272875,0.000043252356,0.00024725895,0.0004043784,0.00030004577,2.6674327e-8,0.00045047843,0.0012405125,0.91628814,0.072451845,0.007901278,0.0005200357],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0016195246,0.0002615748,0.003565587,0.0005942892,0.00020048262,0.00002129427,0.000874474,0.09355781,0.8764354,0.0027333288,0.019552033,0.00058420293],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000697274,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.160365e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0923173,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000144544,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000041603947,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999721},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1978196841","doi":"10.1007/s10854-007-9455-6","title":"CMOS photodetector systems for low-level light applications","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Materials Science Materials in Electronics","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Comparator; Integrator; Photodetector; Context (archaeology); CMOS; Detector; Pixel; Computer science; Noise (video); SIGNAL (programming language); Image sensor; Electronic engineering; Metric (unit); Optoelectronics; Electrical engineering; Physics; Engineering; Voltage; Bandwidth (computing); Telecommunications; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.00965715376545513,"score_gpt":0.24563769716705985,"score_spread":0.23598054340160474,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1978196841","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9869067,0.0006842234,0.007976622,0.000034812434,0.0037124637,0.00050164346,0.000051514413,0.00005498005,0.000077050776],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976705,0.0002096981,0.0013755707,0.000022670472,0.00062037865,0.00003597716,0.0000022165468,0.000039416045,0.000023592613],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99759406,0.00002934478,0.0010500215,0.00019093032,0.0003842448,0.0007513804],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990257,0.00007521979,0.0003095332,0.000239973,0.00023682672,0.00011277124],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0042092996,0.00019729436,0.00046061707,0.0004011198,0.00010907508,0.000329721,0.00058078265,0.00008801154,0.000025884125],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000099551566,0.00017413056,0.00004823147,0.00041681255,0.00009739731,0.00035927253,0.000029852521,0.00010807716,0.000011043659],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000060453633,0.000028886581,0.0000042159872,0.00014673661,0.000009379367,0.0000043736613,0.0000905017,0.0018681844,0.9967337,0.00052983884,0.00008841184,0.00043527194],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00041049483,0.00010380983,0.000088069624,0.00009899631,0.000013885065,0.000121369005,0.00009144949,0.00016968565,0.99207425,0.00043688135,0.006193897,0.0001972263],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008172513,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007412986,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01076379,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004577444,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00019839534,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.71008384},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1979675721","doi":"10.1002/sdtp.68","title":"Paper No 14.4: Modeling and Characterization of a‐Si:H‐Based Hybrid Sensor and Display Pixel Array Circuits","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SID Symposium Digest of Technical Papers","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Pixel; Backplane; Electronic circuit; Dot pitch; Photodetector; Materials science; Channel (broadcasting); Image sensor; Optoelectronics; Optics; Computer science; Electrical engineering; Computer hardware; Physics; Engineering","score_opus":0.004905002872550074,"score_gpt":0.18391472862491856,"score_spread":0.17900972575236848,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1979675721","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9756746,0.000065199645,0.00022360974,0.00030816006,0.000111477784,0.00028683167,0.000031354117,0.00020641186,0.023092354],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99935687,0.00017977535,0.0001710666,0.000098907534,0.00004326483,0.000019915811,0.00002508566,0.00004781781,0.00005730831],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.998887,0.000020205176,0.00039209457,0.0002554893,0.00019480653,0.00025042534],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99939895,0.000067598965,0.00006899791,0.00026282767,0.000083586034,0.00011803779],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008633951,0.00022019751,0.00033402233,0.00008101419,0.000044078566,0.000031321953,0.00010527515,0.000099782046,0.000028952045],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003989818,0.0002063706,0.00006632481,0.000097248674,0.00013766618,0.00021458753,0.000026353084,0.00017004614,0.000006666653],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000634573,0.000030419958,0.0008549135,0.00019211204,0.000017354289,0.0000010170332,0.00004422825,0.0017274831,0.9968457,0.000040077954,0.0000088686265,0.00023145814],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0021749083,0.00032907457,0.047575183,0.0008864699,0.0002098082,0.000083839564,0.00010602169,0.05903734,0.88557446,0.000065907676,0.0024167227,0.001540266],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000020729236,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000018004312,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.11127126,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000026270867,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012573311,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.84155494},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1982515479","doi":"10.1109/icecs.2012.6463505","title":"A double-delta compensating technique for pulse-frequency modulation CMOS image sensor","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Comparator; CMOS; Offset (computer science); Pixel; Dynamic range; Electronic engineering; Fixed-pattern noise; Pulse-width modulation; Voltage; Monte Carlo method; Image sensor; Modulation (music); Computer science; Physics; Electrical engineering; Engineering; Optics; Mathematics; Acoustics","score_opus":0.01950611324321988,"score_gpt":0.25440349876218543,"score_spread":0.23489738551896555,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1982515479","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.24861187,0.00011035453,0.70329463,0.0002734009,0.0005280409,0.0014283411,0.000028301685,0.0018751265,0.043849945],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8724553,0.0000026495202,0.12678266,0.000041983487,0.00024587402,0.000107673804,0.000027191623,0.000057096782,0.00027956726],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991127,0.000010222416,0.00023155489,0.00013227317,0.00010490592,0.00040832555],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99954814,0.00005306567,0.000028141128,0.00022377561,0.00006081139,0.000086097585],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019823216,0.00016791605,0.00015502996,0.00007609367,0.000078271434,0.000044401706,0.00008613782,0.00007214924,0.000102925704],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000021990301,0.00016397909,0.000071365735,0.00012660393,0.000020741756,0.0003665912,0.000015293494,0.00011218613,0.00004594436],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014135314,0.000036365112,0.0018878604,0.00016498115,0.0000325912,0.0000012701125,0.00044734796,0.0022987325,0.9845909,0.005334318,0.0014393401,0.0037521557],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001922201,0.00004358213,0.005193619,0.00009497833,0.00005911306,0.0000960659,0.00038025365,0.29345503,0.6905912,0.001514728,0.005548296,0.0011009099],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000653543,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000070643455,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.62384343,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006626521,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005784109,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.66868734},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1983676931","doi":"10.1109/tbcas.2013.2243727","title":"CMOS Tunable-Wavelength Multi-Color Photogate Sensor","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; CMC Microsystems","keywords":"Optoelectronics; Materials science; Color gel; CMOS; Quantum dot; Wavelength; Optical filter; Color filter array; Optics; Physics; Layer (electronics); Nanotechnology","score_opus":0.019852750603902975,"score_gpt":0.2144701609891751,"score_spread":0.1946174103852721,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1983676931","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.68220997,0.0003984943,0.3074722,0.00023849946,0.0060291705,0.0011537062,0.0001544756,0.0011325851,0.001210895],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976945,0.00012336185,0.00006913073,0.00007972713,0.00012299114,0.00012638145,0.00000409395,0.000048129878,0.0017316735],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985555,0.000045849698,0.0003706076,0.00029992644,0.0002938631,0.0004342734],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99923027,0.000092877424,0.00002943735,0.00023719261,0.000053643394,0.00035656255],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013566142,0.00025267815,0.0003185137,0.0001811918,0.00016691681,0.00013107756,0.000107995096,0.00018246882,0.00018942608],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000005040335,0.00021310509,0.000082192804,0.00025223987,0.00013639005,0.0001379833,7.7961465e-7,0.00031834436,0.0003785688],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000028770211,0.0015444338,0.00012773859,0.0026421414,0.0012344548,0.00023299994,0.0045054047,0.032909956,0.43278694,0.00013756097,0.017265674,0.5065839],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0022813126,0.00016930833,0.0004969124,0.00027531074,0.000076657045,0.00025414844,0.0012090753,0.9603474,0.0067243846,0.000010808956,0.027373435,0.0007812433],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00030185774,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007433483,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9274374,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006405661,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000017279071,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8690173},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1986174181","doi":"10.1117/12.506249","title":"Pixel-parallel CMOS active pixel sensor for fast object location","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"York University; University of Waterloo","funders":"CMC Microsystems","keywords":"Pixel; CMOS; Computer science; Object (grammar); Computer vision; Artificial intelligence; Object based; CMOS sensor; Computer graphics (images); Computer hardware; Electrical engineering; Engineering","score_opus":0.00930894290274437,"score_gpt":0.22079628355824107,"score_spread":0.2114873406554967,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1986174181","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99245507,0.00011221595,0.001940986,0.0015775437,0.00043538993,0.00093878544,0.0000933223,0.0003144317,0.0021322342],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8080871,0.00012318125,0.1899534,0.00012664209,0.0008258938,0.00039476823,0.000029132707,0.00018168772,0.00027815986],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9977281,1.1336669e-8,0.0006917514,0.00042896118,0.00058549177,0.0005656981],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99776536,0.00013179138,0.00023670461,0.00007987422,0.0016385718,0.00014770741],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00033376404,0.00044858648,0.00048668066,0.00013669704,0.0001155394,0.00012863791,0.0007342174,0.00022869815,0.000006601751],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00041393095,0.00041319965,0.000658829,0.00040524668,0.00019790465,0.0006257846,0.00008124919,0.00036196376,0.000004412542],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014277101,0.00013432982,0.000050364903,0.000977318,0.0006668674,8.4515634e-8,0.00073999877,0.015964359,0.73409873,0.24474184,0.0016330217,0.00085030973],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.008085261,0.0009199351,0.0018648041,0.0014575343,0.0007236663,0.00009225422,0.008120663,0.22698317,0.7212145,0.009595629,0.018829238,0.002113358],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009024317,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.976814e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.23514622,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00039128712,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004649669,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999832},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1986878013","doi":"10.1109/cjece.2004.1426050","title":"Two-dimensional cmos-based image sensor system for fluorescent detection","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Image sensor; Fluorescence; Computer vision; CMOS; Artificial intelligence; CMOS sensor; Computer science; Materials science; Optoelectronics; Optics; Physics","score_opus":0.003243255132463245,"score_gpt":0.16043918542316676,"score_spread":0.15719593029070353,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1986878013","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.47193345,0.0006421049,0.52630764,0.000086511725,0.00082627736,0.00010258697,0.0000055604382,0.00008456049,0.000011340122],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97896475,0.0000013682347,0.020532686,0.000037118105,0.00043188047,0.000002069235,0.000001154155,0.00002754861,0.0000014536403],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99926716,0.0000055265687,0.00023161554,0.00009219251,0.00008775007,0.00031576274],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993807,0.000052658746,0.0000284901,0.00005902573,0.000085818334,0.0003933031],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007853862,0.00013963676,0.0001882571,0.0002600148,0.00006246414,0.00006404319,0.00007115923,0.000043392683,0.0000011794455],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000015214471,0.000135781,0.000086671185,0.0001616517,0.000012736614,0.000071819384,0.0000027497015,0.00019812412,0.0000013758465],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009569088,0.000005374455,0.00002970671,0.00009277488,0.000043189266,0.000118221964,0.000030597814,0.9733703,0.019811457,0.00022296736,0.00006920807,0.0061966176],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011776817,0.00014652926,0.0005504449,0.0001482117,0.000029553988,0.000596878,0.0000039495417,0.954131,0.042258043,0.000024000548,0.0007202683,0.00021341612],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010342427,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000734111,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.50703126,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00029574634,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000107126405,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.55369884},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1987250404","doi":"10.1109/tcsi.2006.883161","title":"Adaptive Multiple-Resolution CMOS Active Pixel Sensor","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I Fundamental Theory and Applications","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Pixel; CMOS; Computer science; Image sensor; Bottleneck; Chip; Data compression; Block (permutation group theory); Image resolution; Dissipation; Electronic engineering; Computer hardware; Artificial intelligence; Engineering; Mathematics; Embedded system; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.012120401871082803,"score_gpt":0.20849739355126226,"score_spread":0.19637699168017947,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1987250404","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.17434359,0.0005668336,0.8176182,0.000020579862,0.0002818238,0.0008701112,0.00045333392,0.00035678243,0.0054887296],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986403,0.00006942881,0.000039126313,0.000022148077,0.00012107247,0.0003450606,0.00001147821,0.000031354873,0.00072003365],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.999107,0.0000712145,0.00022728817,0.00026877146,0.000112656046,0.00021304705],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994554,0.00022630006,0.000037981015,0.0001680097,0.000026210892,0.00008609233],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013071936,0.00020061168,0.00018000577,0.00009821458,0.00042864616,0.00008035605,0.000053013493,0.00008132233,0.0000137198185],"category_scores_gemma":[9.101203e-7,0.00019971066,0.000052466472,0.0001419252,0.00013926557,0.0001350669,9.717876e-7,0.00018137993,0.000025096988],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00024539093,0.0010432065,0.00017423436,0.0005008603,0.0006311632,0.000009045315,0.0024816361,0.23741995,0.24375093,0.20933698,0.00033239316,0.30407423],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.013052526,0.0011449471,0.01046881,0.0012775945,0.0014353923,0.0016105719,0.05455026,0.6325178,0.12792401,0.032002054,0.11691275,0.007103281],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005648905,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000019583682,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8242967,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007579022,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000070894675,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.81439644},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1987678536","doi":"10.1049/el.2013.3310","title":"LED die‐on‐chip integration for fluorescence‐detection applications","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Electronics Letters","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Chip; Materials science; Computer science; Optoelectronics; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.004273952310035555,"score_gpt":0.19417305932744988,"score_spread":0.18989910701741433,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1987678536","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5173005,0.00022094429,0.4749549,0.004078019,0.00034757197,0.0013514514,0.000005416768,0.0008585974,0.0008826266],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99747217,0.000033042827,0.00091798126,0.0005778668,0.00020670782,0.00063443655,0.000022913062,0.000035962352,0.00009891574],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993636,0.000008405137,0.000119181335,0.00014592968,0.000077284785,0.00028557834],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999709,0.000042579464,0.000018959672,0.00016992891,0.000025284968,0.000034257624],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000045820598,0.000118618744,0.00008234382,0.00007149132,0.000086459,0.000056627854,0.00009059102,0.00003761936,0.0000135607215],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000010457776,0.00011850273,0.000055874727,0.00010056637,0.000016676313,0.00010309069,0.0000035850553,0.00017799575,0.00011938996],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004656336,0.000011415737,0.0000067032324,0.000014483152,0.000020527232,1.0378292e-7,0.0000825124,0.0029160327,0.8655358,0.0011345176,0.0043400708,0.12593317],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005651545,0.00011710785,0.00051776896,0.000022233526,0.000030536503,0.0000046972555,0.000047904512,0.20590794,0.7074879,0.0021967147,0.08262331,0.00047873563],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008281285,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000018027156,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.48017168,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014949653,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000637258,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4832401},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1989524605","doi":"10.1086/605449","title":"Extreme Faint Flux Imaging with an EMCCD","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Noise (video); Flux (metallurgy); Charge-coupled device; Luminosity; Charge (physics)","score_opus":0.010154199675241986,"score_gpt":0.19537769990000584,"score_spread":0.18522350022476386,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1989524605","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98122245,0.000059314178,0.002755545,0.013863959,0.00007841321,0.0001890151,0.000021728338,0.00011861174,0.0016909904],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9923981,0.0000014543149,0.007200496,0.000023789511,0.00004112603,0.000005999049,0.000006106985,0.000014669873,0.0003082699],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99929744,0.000024779447,0.0002100897,0.00013467233,0.00013355367,0.0001994655],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99897987,0.00002695129,0.00008739286,0.0007942179,0.000058782804,0.00005278802],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013075236,0.00011380643,0.00013449919,0.000018233188,0.00012039196,0.000038538474,0.0006568789,0.000026440492,0.000028253804],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000013190027,0.00007139378,0.00021943104,0.00023822684,0.00021512905,0.00016485361,0.00004956432,0.00016831323,0.000003424451],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000040011924,0.0008819109,0.4905421,0.0000938989,0.0004852558,1.3561005e-8,0.0060534207,0.20217684,0.15127747,0.01066822,0.09376563,0.044015195],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00040607882,0.000026626969,0.8594467,0.000045363282,0.00006397536,0.0000031133816,0.0021657,0.11591382,0.013712646,0.0010438953,0.006926519,0.00024557137],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009291177,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000013945208,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.36890456,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000068821646,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000027465754,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.29113537},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1989533628","doi":"10.1117/12.567181","title":"Two-dimensional sensor array for low-level light detection","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Photodiode; Optoelectronics; Materials science; Diode; Transistor; Leakage (economics); Wafer; Fabrication; Detector; Optics; Electrical engineering; Voltage; Physics","score_opus":0.009754297715309517,"score_gpt":0.215526155436731,"score_spread":0.20577185772142148,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1989533628","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99480027,0.00009378434,0.0006336181,0.0014961731,0.0006629492,0.00064609287,0.00008820291,0.00028805903,0.0012908478],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8114037,0.00002952645,0.1869725,0.0001187838,0.0009247147,0.00021658068,0.000013144147,0.00015073492,0.00017030674],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9978125,8.697365e-9,0.0006788857,0.0003932963,0.00059467665,0.0005206327],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982434,0.00011324871,0.00019415935,0.00006781705,0.0012331338,0.000148257],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003891147,0.00040840072,0.0004383769,0.00013467483,0.000116839525,0.00010727398,0.00056544447,0.00019368113,0.0000074016957],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003097204,0.0003665523,0.0007478085,0.00030566196,0.00013653716,0.00047246917,0.000058959362,0.00033849067,0.0000040982272],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000756402,0.00008424166,0.00002466353,0.00054182584,0.0003892247,1.0184078e-7,0.0001863078,0.011437483,0.9253161,0.06068908,0.0008214587,0.0004338978],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0020257363,0.00017855629,0.00017583882,0.0003390786,0.00014376102,0.000035449226,0.00051558897,0.03000738,0.9609505,0.0026456213,0.0024960372,0.00048644052],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008658797,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.3517795e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.18633889,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00029309315,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000028915858,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99987864},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1989575623","doi":"10.1155/asp.2005.2026","title":"Cost-Effective Video Filtering Solution for Real-Time Vision Systems","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Stratix; Computer science; Field-programmable gate array; Real-time computing; Filter (signal processing); Computer hardware; Video processing; Computer vision; Digital signal processing; Artificial intelligence; Computer engineering","score_opus":0.013198452650124447,"score_gpt":0.2992967850404984,"score_spread":0.28609833239037397,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1989575623","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.17988335,0.02425339,0.7792558,0.00039794904,0.0018463057,0.0024893233,0.000021126187,0.000865611,0.010987174],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9922148,0.00056901353,0.0059743556,0.000043428772,0.000954819,0.00007486862,0.0000033471842,0.00006604842,0.00009929197],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985548,0.000058997462,0.00045995723,0.00022149326,0.00026754034,0.00043720152],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993537,0.00020983456,0.00015256023,0.000084060994,0.0000942668,0.00010559404],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00050031877,0.00023780632,0.00028878948,0.00023324792,0.00022622052,0.00023251893,0.00015235467,0.000063701846,0.000016132937],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000046260924,0.00022023608,0.00007850841,0.00021951617,0.00003637544,0.0014387998,0.000013657415,0.00040389138,0.000026497184],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008271822,0.00002577042,0.000040053128,0.00014052428,0.000006272977,0.000012042813,0.00021342642,0.44360575,0.037879646,0.000010000198,0.00016291939,0.5178209],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010736256,0.0002056939,0.00023071216,0.0019822815,0.000015115677,0.00021364495,0.000119348486,0.94951916,0.008089174,0.00017165465,0.038003996,0.0003756105],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":9.14604e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000020153288,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8123315,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00042881528,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000021358732,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8980967},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1990493240","doi":"10.1063/1.3002320","title":"Merged phototransistor pixel with enhanced near infrared response and flicker noise reduction for biomolecular imaging","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Physics Letters","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Flicker noise; Optoelectronics; Materials science; Flicker; Transistor; Image sensor; Photodiode; Biasing; Optics; Dark current; Pixel; Silicon; Noise (video); Infrared; Image resolution; Noise-equivalent power; Photoresistor; Amorphous silicon; Dot pitch; Thin-film transistor; Photodetector; CMOS; Noise figure; Nanotechnology; Physics; Voltage; Computer science; Amplifier; Crystalline silicon","score_opus":0.005009740024380568,"score_gpt":0.18002592326619363,"score_spread":0.17501618324181306,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1990493240","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9014499,0.000033724467,0.097485684,0.00020510622,0.000093165894,0.00031222898,0.000008147925,0.00023604708,0.00017600067],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99242795,0.000008952936,0.0067658843,0.00046703906,0.00010384008,0.00009900207,0.000019713569,0.000079841215,0.000027770026],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99919474,0.000013009252,0.00013509378,0.000259724,0.00012845921,0.00026896616],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999623,0.000031044496,0.000030142215,0.00022825727,0.000023341541,0.00006419119],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000055774075,0.00020932373,0.00017791256,0.00004344949,0.00017162508,0.000031427287,0.00006646563,0.000026268699,0.0000022959632],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000028239945,0.00021929007,0.000048979167,0.00018232255,0.00016561581,0.00010271591,0.0000076412,0.00011355644,0.000006109563],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00038051207,0.000013848318,0.000008084142,0.000032125343,0.000051236562,0.0000044631697,0.0022150574,0.00604052,0.9890157,0.000026024274,0.0011573666,0.0010550403],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015998672,0.000020419926,0.00042754505,0.000023104622,0.000057694862,0.000026994192,0.000102811864,0.0055730045,0.98622257,0.000036174493,0.0054183546,0.00049147336],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005857822,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.0112316e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.09097806,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000047492587,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001575545,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.89423895},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1991661439","doi":"10.3169/itej.61.347","title":"An Over 200-dB Dynamic Range CMOS Image Sensor Combining a Lateral Overflow Integration with Photo-Current Readout Operation","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of The Institute of Image Information and Television Engineers","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Hatch (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Dynamic range; Wide dynamic range; High dynamic range; Shutter; Image sensor; CMOS; Illuminance; Voltage; Time delay and integration; Electrical engineering; Rolling shutter; Pixel; Range (aeronautics); Current (fluid); Diode; Noise (video); Optics; Physics; Computer science; Engineering; Image (mathematics); Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.004096103634392001,"score_gpt":0.22362598726256724,"score_spread":0.21952988362817524,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1991661439","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8654523,0.00011848784,0.13318095,0.00010604113,0.00060421304,0.00019405004,0.000010343338,0.00004241651,0.00029118257],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9957476,0.00020620006,0.0038989051,0.00006501041,0.000047969934,6.6265466e-7,0.000010998798,0.000013907087,0.000008694437],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988342,0.000028869652,0.0005890438,0.00004640946,0.00034575834,0.0001556977],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992308,0.00004173441,0.00024936997,0.00020209681,0.00020415071,0.00007182231],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00073888863,0.00017487883,0.00019585312,0.00019795775,0.00011053656,0.00011472687,0.00019754255,0.000043924418,0.000013337703],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000056160858,0.000097779106,0.000064433276,0.0002015586,0.00010710772,0.0026965973,0.000017960689,0.0003611488,0.0000032749617],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0012481645,0.00016326275,0.00069602433,0.0005919394,0.00028820673,0.000019972314,0.025238885,0.54809695,0.22035316,0.00044341813,0.0020614206,0.2007986],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0034608773,0.00027091667,0.016130563,0.0009235883,0.00017076726,0.0005373867,0.0019422743,0.9410089,0.030564882,0.000039633218,0.0045103813,0.00043977596],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000017468567,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000010730015,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.392912,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000865149,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000033408753,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.39873162},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1992824101","doi":"10.1109/mpul.2011.2181025","title":"Real-Time Unconstrained Object Recognition: A Processing Pipeline Based on the Mammalian Visual System","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Pulse","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"York University; Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency; Univerza v Ljubljani; U.S. Department of Defense","keywords":"Flexibility (engineering); Pipeline (software); Computer science; Cognitive neuroscience of visual object recognition; Artificial intelligence; Object (grammar); Computer vision; Function (biology); Visualization; Human–computer interaction; Human visual system model; Image (mathematics); Operating system","score_opus":0.014096128549159358,"score_gpt":0.22892300941262667,"score_spread":0.2148268808634673,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1992824101","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.91907763,0.000081457314,0.0014899914,0.00043434827,0.0011072421,0.0004273455,0.00006707179,0.0015024195,0.07581252],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983422,0.0000016497204,0.00036789427,0.00011291902,0.00073002133,0.000029765213,0.000024183291,0.000052615276,0.00033875564],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990093,0.000058751157,0.00021302764,0.00013943632,0.00019293361,0.0003865451],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995168,0.00010040755,0.000036801317,0.00019239807,0.0000449287,0.0001086604],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000328619,0.00019288955,0.0001623269,0.00007299668,0.00011358445,0.0000670166,0.00009854267,0.00006241904,0.00018197595],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000029116967,0.00014609915,0.000067779896,0.00022236544,0.000042169635,0.00012504161,0.0000050934204,0.0001685276,0.0005735838],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00054208003,0.0011075855,0.002540523,0.0043213437,0.00026113715,0.00034433795,0.0064621894,0.032967106,0.39991176,0.0002674531,0.06426711,0.48700738],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011365023,0.00007862677,0.0007685366,0.0010150523,0.00012451621,0.00014065701,0.0010704668,0.9113111,0.08139268,0.000022316182,0.0020729306,0.000866613],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000019040408,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000023720922,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.878344,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009654616,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000028043609,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7372451},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1993837511","doi":"10.1109/iscas.2012.6272197","title":"CMOS 3-T digital pixel sensor with in-pixel shared comparator","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Pixel; Comparator; CMOS; Quantization (signal processing); Very-large-scale integration; Dissipation; Computer science; Image sensor; Dot pitch; CMOS sensor; Electronic engineering; Computer hardware; Electrical engineering; Computer vision; Physics; Engineering; Embedded system; Voltage","score_opus":0.008702862757329068,"score_gpt":0.1916986047583201,"score_spread":0.18299574200099103,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1993837511","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.93383557,0.00016846445,0.001389208,0.00004563948,0.00022578177,0.00010879801,0.000016106254,0.00048584412,0.063724585],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99690664,0.0000022227096,0.00133663,0.00006570905,0.00010674735,0.0000065245968,0.000010695607,0.000037319733,0.0015275422],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992399,0.000004700606,0.0001383063,0.00011349434,0.00011949345,0.0003840542],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996372,0.000027670858,0.0000107777205,0.00018721599,0.000015633386,0.000121542544],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00003228279,0.00015621172,0.0001596636,0.000063297884,0.00002329821,0.000075607604,0.000079440855,0.000034272,0.00014924133],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000007246733,0.00012662612,0.00002802129,0.00016297116,0.000024481458,0.00044510653,0.000016113687,0.000120804565,0.00037172338],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016883718,0.00087193964,0.8246095,0.00038114426,0.00037172862,0.00007869108,0.009303477,0.0128807975,0.0526231,0.0036787002,0.07480628,0.020225788],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006563598,0.00019017486,0.31664202,0.00033469184,0.00008518368,0.0006080772,0.0056070443,0.11077915,0.02267938,0.00012834731,0.53237754,0.004004764],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000070811625,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000010387406,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5079675,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000040041836,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006094467,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.51636636},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1994264410","doi":"10.1117/12.385475","title":"High-speed high-resolution color CCD image sensor","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalsa Corporation","funders":"","keywords":"Microsecond; Pixel; Image sensor; Time delay and integration; Channel (broadcasting); Shift register; Image resolution; Computer science; Chip; Line (geometry); Frame rate; Scan line; Optics; Materials science; Artificial intelligence; Computer vision; Physics; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.006961506110864775,"score_gpt":0.20586042921796655,"score_spread":0.19889892310710178,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1994264410","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9927634,0.00010200309,0.000030250125,0.0016497183,0.00045078577,0.000514987,0.00011173227,0.00043726937,0.003939828],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8517847,0.0003126027,0.14511143,0.00014913839,0.0011068779,0.00010573483,0.00003299323,0.00020208456,0.0011944502],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9974313,1.8242373e-8,0.0007920513,0.0004298889,0.00072664954,0.0006201306],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99849945,0.00011712092,0.00017782065,0.00009049269,0.0009443246,0.0001707821],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004019151,0.00046548914,0.00054715533,0.00012334804,0.00011039826,0.0001671822,0.0008260251,0.00024355476,0.0001277502],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020719532,0.00042251873,0.0006100016,0.00041817574,0.00027462334,0.0006721829,0.00007844531,0.00044141113,0.00002287927],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000121667006,0.00012146683,0.000065043576,0.00051240314,0.00051855785,4.328718e-7,0.00021799699,0.0059437095,0.83023715,0.14848684,0.012882988,0.00089176634],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0043349117,0.00053281913,0.0030129352,0.0007010542,0.00053567416,0.00008429946,0.0014940839,0.39976746,0.56270343,0.0025418282,0.022648701,0.0016428389],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000032815362,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.4482767e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.39382374,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00025429434,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000019887697,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998227},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1994479093","doi":"10.1142/s0219878904000033","title":"VISUAL INFORMATION ACQUISITION IN VERTEBRATE RETINA","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Information Acquisition","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Retina; Neurophysiology; Vertebrate; Artificial neural network; Neuroscience; Retinal; Artificial intelligence; Computer vision; Biology","score_opus":0.0026520475619521327,"score_gpt":0.2198734544491426,"score_spread":0.21722140688719047,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1994479093","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.91157526,0.000055119555,0.07653331,0.0011568523,0.00264327,0.00015293923,0.000027686405,0.00013525512,0.007720292],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99751884,0.00009665059,0.0011566762,0.0008635839,0.0001948999,0.0000033663794,0.00015510891,0.000007629258,0.000003275456],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99830335,0.000017777907,0.0009139972,0.000038057253,0.00057606306,0.00015075208],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99896836,0.00001861324,0.0003228761,0.000065759035,0.00056291564,0.00006148378],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032427316,0.00013154477,0.00014118946,0.0008476088,0.000030640153,0.00021631423,0.0002085327,0.00008257442,0.00017461267],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000048682283,0.00013486359,0.000085298605,0.00023251002,0.000022721624,0.0077353884,0.000019781537,0.00021596304,0.0002584324],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00062228565,0.0001736128,0.0028754193,0.00013711957,0.00021816588,0.00006675972,0.008373365,0.84331363,0.0046498147,0.010137494,0.004666059,0.124766245],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.040618658,0.0014019313,0.18237849,0.0041470104,0.00015923327,0.004804682,0.010934576,0.51846987,0.1291129,0.03205644,0.07282662,0.0030895646],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009480309,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000016034076,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.32484376,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005561882,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000054381737,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.560797},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1996811018","doi":"10.1117/12.844259","title":"Pixel electronic noise as a function of position in an active matrix flat panel imaging array","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Active matrix; Pixel; Noise (video); Amplifier; Computer science; Noise floor; Sensor array; Flat panel display; Image sensor; Noise reduction; Optics; Noise measurement; Physics; Optoelectronics; Telecommunications; Computer vision; Image (mathematics); Bandwidth (computing)","score_opus":0.00580947979560058,"score_gpt":0.21924164708206054,"score_spread":0.21343216728645995,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1996811018","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99704015,0.00006641756,0.000091030146,0.0005000876,0.00033696566,0.00039384083,0.000026686763,0.00015310691,0.0013916933],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98808503,0.00004672625,0.011341096,0.000034762383,0.00028828502,0.00006929295,0.000013546299,0.00007858524,0.00004270177],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9980906,2.1894234e-8,0.0006099494,0.0003300146,0.0004954933,0.00047387378],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987045,0.000073116265,0.00021634568,0.00007219627,0.0008283148,0.00010553148],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00039629452,0.000321792,0.00037994294,0.00019760638,0.000049355447,0.00007805917,0.0005491363,0.00017108225,0.000017236207],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017371477,0.00030757877,0.00038194566,0.00037189393,0.00015339689,0.00091284746,0.000049913833,0.00064800965,0.0000020953871],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001282496,0.00008257765,0.000593467,0.00028307684,0.00015710744,8.71758e-8,0.00035677088,0.00053200003,0.8945883,0.10235621,0.00013697812,0.0007851767],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0016616588,0.0003679212,0.006922394,0.00033776573,0.00021070566,0.000046645862,0.0023548454,0.10794901,0.87385625,0.0048694266,0.00079715933,0.00062621647],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000015093565,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000013983764,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.10741702,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019879334,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000035342815,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99993765},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1997777072","doi":"10.1117/12.604523","title":"&lt;title&gt;CCD sensor and camera for 100 Mfps burst frame rate image capture&lt;/title&gt;","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalsa Corporation","funders":"","keywords":"Pixel; Frame rate; Microlens; Time delay and integration; Charge-coupled device; Physics; Frame (networking); Image sensor; Reset (finance); Microsecond; Optics; Computer science; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.007274331271152602,"score_gpt":0.21444735049723462,"score_spread":0.20717301922608203,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1997777072","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9721932,0.00041766328,0.00016398345,0.0016866327,0.0003361077,0.00034565656,0.00008812488,0.00019659729,0.024572073],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6787617,0.0008414508,0.3078232,0.00048441396,0.0029210523,0.00021598056,0.000040512565,0.00036683405,0.008544816],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988598,1.27061615e-8,0.0003262205,0.00023379952,0.00025138076,0.00032875955],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992413,0.000081068494,0.00008857839,0.000047245263,0.00045128472,0.00009051203],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023424522,0.00024180293,0.00026544195,0.00007252977,0.00004851105,0.000092262955,0.00030496722,0.00014237009,0.000058738024],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018434307,0.00021638467,0.0002788362,0.0001329531,0.00012773386,0.00023825675,0.000050141414,0.00022750616,0.000020774049],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000315431,0.000051492974,0.000033502733,0.00060614006,0.00036957604,1.9192059e-7,0.00024254846,0.00030414423,0.65139383,0.27694014,0.068045825,0.0019810593],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0018405007,0.00018772935,0.0003969522,0.00045292685,0.00033560468,0.000058608348,0.0007650287,0.2989462,0.10794997,0.0022863084,0.58562165,0.0011585073],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000019916145,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.297583e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.54344386,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000099517696,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000139106805,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.88239104},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2000095678","doi":"10.1007/s11265-007-0050-0","title":"A Novel Application-specific Instruction-set Processor Design Approach for Video Processing Acceleration","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of VLSI Signal Processing Systems for Signal Image and Video Technology","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Instruction set; Video processing; Overhead (engineering); Flexibility (engineering); Computer architecture; Set (abstract data type); Application-specific instruction-set processor; Embedded system; Hardware acceleration; Parallel computing; Computer hardware; Computer engineering; Field-programmable gate array; Programming language","score_opus":0.025740946474339395,"score_gpt":0.26060544659333723,"score_spread":0.23486450011899784,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2000095678","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.012942912,0.010793702,0.97445184,0.0001518562,0.00011219197,0.0012343858,0.000012431391,0.00025135503,0.000049310573],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9406715,0.00011059461,0.0583302,0.000038270544,0.0005785924,0.00014671267,0.000007748873,0.00009189695,0.000024458508],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.997709,0.000035851433,0.0011078906,0.000296998,0.00031664284,0.00053363794],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9976991,0.0003062542,0.0007278362,0.00018055669,0.0009860409,0.00010024496],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0024997036,0.00036338542,0.00054450444,0.0005842849,0.00058480445,0.00030608726,0.00047612574,0.00024511942,0.0000013156495],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000053199976,0.00027575364,0.000101806254,0.0007862427,0.0002808863,0.0008026196,0.000022947544,0.00047673917,8.285001e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005508583,0.000113152295,0.000035332883,0.0019787548,0.000119849225,0.0000032842122,0.0010455842,0.019157475,0.69872713,0.00031557286,0.00093375065,0.27701923],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003720966,0.000660761,0.00003199216,0.0007811136,0.0003392841,0.0036103104,0.005669246,0.792689,0.1808732,0.0028774983,0.007925138,0.0008214739],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000043578093,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000012104027,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9277286,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000110386034,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000110518675,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999695},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2000128528","doi":"10.1116/1.1689299","title":"Deep-ultraviolet-induced damage of charge coupled device sensors","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A Vacuum Surfaces and Films","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalsa Corporation; University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Ultraviolet; Charge-coupled device; Optoelectronics; Materials science; Excimer laser; Responsivity; Oxide; Dark current; Wavelength; Image sensor; Optics; Laser; Photodetector; Physics","score_opus":0.008041839334429719,"score_gpt":0.2298435187823424,"score_spread":0.22180167944791268,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2000128528","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99680305,0.0011418177,0.00045835314,0.00077285274,0.00042927125,0.00010936575,0.00000504801,0.0001365351,0.00014372959],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9955314,0.00050007,0.003861316,0.00003613013,0.000025454163,0.0000014206664,3.6785258e-7,0.000023895085,0.000019982343],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99812645,0.000013278804,0.00064369605,0.0002573368,0.00042027212,0.0005389789],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989017,0.00004816737,0.00030265233,0.0003117011,0.000272072,0.00016370912],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007093658,0.00025968812,0.0005327573,0.00091067643,0.00019399657,0.000052969917,0.0006679352,0.00021386596,0.00002928746],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008957662,0.0002162013,0.00009675749,0.0017026793,0.000699264,0.00046833605,0.00008395823,0.0006064799,0.000009061122],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015215772,0.0000633838,0.0031404973,0.000040519197,0.00004276843,0.00005986595,0.00051185867,0.0053922017,0.98927987,0.00072444906,0.000020168829,0.0007091993],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002749917,0.0008131873,0.023991227,0.00041820205,0.0001428561,0.0012975327,0.004464162,0.060501873,0.9024184,0.001972538,0.00043234366,0.0007977726],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000014969601,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006173235,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.086861484,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006718131,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012757414,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.88164335},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2000734728","doi":"10.1109/haptics.2014.6775541","title":"[D12] mHIVE: A WYFIWIF design tool","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science","score_opus":0.006417382219870304,"score_gpt":0.1729588415074754,"score_spread":0.16654145928760508,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2000734728","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.067705624,0.000059522597,0.7214534,0.00015846771,0.00037321608,0.00010460738,8.9913664e-7,0.0013863152,0.20875794],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9831571,0.000006929935,0.0131540345,0.00018951313,0.00010998207,0.0000045185056,0.0000010196071,0.00002360574,0.0033533257],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996064,0.000012952363,0.000078347686,0.00008046403,0.000064116015,0.00015774625],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99975115,0.000050363164,0.0000044649914,0.00015100179,0.000009212011,0.000033824217],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000082065664,0.000079082696,0.000075791824,0.000028678243,0.000022067305,0.000027671327,0.00007050569,0.000024754705,0.00025504432],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000022612201,0.0000706328,0.000026801596,0.000059928243,0.000011327986,0.00005341381,0.000008274354,0.00005991901,0.0005362149],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018201137,0.00006412113,0.0013782595,0.00013494909,0.00012205292,0.0000195793,0.0009108532,0.15663071,0.078716315,0.02558437,0.43703845,0.29938215],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00052130525,0.000039066632,0.0023466353,0.000022246359,0.000018411443,0.000020252752,0.000049469112,0.6875206,0.03818617,0.001957386,0.26881152,0.0005069147],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000065230274,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000136905,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.91545147,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000012139773,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000028760712,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.68921363},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2001746678","doi":"10.1167/14.10.694","title":"Higher-order Vision in Adults born at Extremely Low Birthweights","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Vision","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Cerebral palsy; Normal vision; Coherence (philosophical gambling strategy); Audiology; Medicine; Psychology; Mathematics; Optometry; Physical medicine and rehabilitation; Statistics","score_opus":0.004317098086678122,"score_gpt":0.2198915451083289,"score_spread":0.21557444702165077,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2001746678","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9956116,0.0005775208,0.00051605207,0.0003094249,0.0009394295,0.000042443215,8.6831943e-7,0.000044667882,0.001957978],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980276,0.00019043955,0.0011446022,0.000058613692,0.00032031143,3.0699005e-7,0.0000012186908,0.000031049047,0.00022583005],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989078,0.000039989667,0.00042875,0.0001072479,0.0003101771,0.00020604923],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994783,0.000066092376,0.000107739164,0.00015699131,0.00008836783,0.0001025551],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025907863,0.00014107171,0.00023366122,0.00022559035,0.000037387334,0.000031890122,0.00014165603,0.00007472703,0.00012214997],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000032231055,0.000110149704,0.000083850966,0.00021059359,0.000019281419,0.0002463339,0.000028859444,0.0002537867,0.000070971895],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0013194708,0.00076949067,0.015497559,0.0007018411,0.000105986146,0.00050789746,0.002590833,0.06723462,0.29937127,0.00044132618,0.07299784,0.53846186],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0073408755,0.0011015995,0.560765,0.004604578,0.00003752562,0.00023176832,0.00006673733,0.18513502,0.013565388,0.0012826099,0.2250134,0.00085547485],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000073175343,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000026337064,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.54526746,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010781527,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008181566,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.44917747},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2003152152","doi":"10.1109/emrtw.2005.195691","title":"CMOS wavelet compression imager architecture","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Wavelet; Haar wavelet; Computer science; Quantization (signal processing); CMOS; Pixel; Oversampling; Discrete wavelet transform; Wavelet transform; Delta-sigma modulation; Electronic engineering; Computer vision; Artificial intelligence; Engineering","score_opus":0.002988865895735582,"score_gpt":0.17918293783864683,"score_spread":0.17619407194291126,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2003152152","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6553658,0.00046168664,0.0370512,0.0024317177,0.00063762564,0.00017628355,0.000008441885,0.0024273961,0.3014398],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9754098,0.000010598086,0.019267868,0.00036103264,0.00024895475,0.0000022899437,0.000004426602,0.000025529605,0.004669488],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995863,0.0000053659624,0.00008160256,0.00008658365,0.000078162324,0.00016200653],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997782,0.0000143980415,0.0000048556963,0.00014706775,0.00000807788,0.000047383943],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000021916856,0.00008989018,0.000074331576,0.000033804994,0.00002571054,0.000021423006,0.0000708589,0.000028192491,0.0006278707],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000034351337,0.00007156538,0.000032577944,0.000053261138,0.000014310125,0.000051161336,0.000014460503,0.00012569413,0.0003071672],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000062786326,0.00003496655,0.00017641232,0.000043439064,0.000029195564,0.000012912911,0.0006631095,0.08949507,0.1921168,0.00028588262,0.19536172,0.52177423],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004086739,0.000008106363,0.0015776318,0.000030334651,0.000008464796,0.00003977419,0.0000420821,0.16048667,0.1302343,0.0001864157,0.7066357,0.0003418345],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003638474,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000043812115,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5214324,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000014895448,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000020055395,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6874743},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2004499894","doi":"10.1116/1.2162562","title":"Low noise signal-to-noise ratio enhancing readout circuit for current-mediated active pixel sensors","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A Vacuum Surfaces and Films","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Sunnybrook Health Science Centre; University of Toronto; University of Waterloo; Simon Fraser University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Simon Fraser University; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; CMC Microsystems","keywords":"Pixel; Amplifier; Noise (video); Dark current; Physics; SIGNAL (programming language); Fixed-pattern noise; Electronic engineering; Electrical engineering; Computer science; CMOS; Optoelectronics; Optics; Detector; Engineering; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.00730494977826411,"score_gpt":0.22822189812747193,"score_spread":0.22091694834920783,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2004499894","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9832217,0.001080292,0.013637119,0.00061387295,0.0007463733,0.00032441234,0.000046108555,0.00022400291,0.000106093205],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99687064,0.00019604813,0.0026414162,0.0000358181,0.00010692974,0.000011557567,0.0000028834984,0.000037975955,0.0000967612],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99767774,0.00001945584,0.0007138716,0.0004007307,0.00043179278,0.00075640675],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99861395,0.00016676498,0.00029470882,0.00027057267,0.00043914726,0.00021485102],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00070426724,0.0003369916,0.00054164586,0.0012742778,0.00035170416,0.0001482368,0.0005674733,0.00019326965,0.000022135186],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014980548,0.00029629504,0.00012737523,0.0017821126,0.00046681621,0.0006244435,0.00008306516,0.0005850564,0.000015507301],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000038851944,0.00007707554,0.001140744,0.000055132554,0.00003036475,0.000015669748,0.00048698642,0.007882062,0.9851203,0.00025033456,0.00063673605,0.0042657633],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0018947836,0.00061301613,0.0064679105,0.00049493124,0.00013942143,0.00037388626,0.00191738,0.06587902,0.91251934,0.0026106664,0.006087782,0.0010018531],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000071354434,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000010994106,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07260092,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012849188,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00016914906,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999489},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2005266895","doi":"10.1109/icsens.2011.6126943","title":"A two-step readout CMOS image sensor active pixel architecture","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"CMC Microsystems","keywords":"Pixel; CMOS; Ring oscillator; Image sensor; Digitization; Photodiode; SIGNAL (programming language); Noise (video); Computer science; CMOS sensor; Electronic engineering; Transistor; Electrical engineering; Voltage; Physics; Engineering; Artificial intelligence; Optoelectronics; Image (mathematics); Computer vision","score_opus":0.01032971897503059,"score_gpt":0.20413513873345193,"score_spread":0.19380541975842133,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2005266895","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.30146557,0.000045744768,0.026964653,0.00010034586,0.00034587047,0.00021534847,0.000022303797,0.0014518388,0.66938835],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.942378,0.000009008815,0.053187255,0.00019219532,0.000166852,0.000011043065,0.000005761395,0.00007892157,0.003970984],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992057,0.000017461945,0.00013984313,0.0001961281,0.00011436005,0.0003264725],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995179,0.000028705559,0.00001650844,0.00030450342,0.00003104502,0.00010134545],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000040203016,0.00019994676,0.0001670341,0.000078316945,0.000038774044,0.000025479942,0.00013184795,0.000050418876,0.00065509154],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000016662729,0.00017224262,0.00007970155,0.00012147193,0.000052144376,0.00009785089,0.000028380211,0.0002499662,0.00046546175],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00028213355,0.00028901783,0.0008857666,0.00030441565,0.0006783357,0.00039986084,0.027382309,0.0019271692,0.7268497,0.006020075,0.021832217,0.21314903],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0049710744,0.00023847616,0.0120893875,0.00021550282,0.0002746075,0.0007478806,0.007635745,0.052867085,0.80688083,0.0039056535,0.106487356,0.003686427],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00011509492,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000047309248,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6654174,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000032223146,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000079570245,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7172793},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2006489877","doi":"10.1117/12.765199","title":"Improving the SNR during color image processing while preserving the appearance of clipped pixels","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Advanced Micro Devices (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Artificial intelligence; Color balance; Computer vision; Pixel; Computer science; Color image; Color depth; Color histogram; Color correction; Color normalization; Luminance; Image processing; Color difference; Image (mathematics); Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","score_opus":0.009792958115116764,"score_gpt":0.20830742461347856,"score_spread":0.1985144664983618,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2006489877","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9952862,0.00054715975,0.00010741947,0.0011564781,0.00023485371,0.0006805809,0.00002768482,0.00020224594,0.0017573382],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9817875,0.00017288097,0.017115582,0.000049663522,0.00044919024,0.00014087603,0.0000022826468,0.000106503925,0.00017550746],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9973778,5.049612e-8,0.00087359454,0.00036836267,0.00080297445,0.0005771963],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99799895,0.00015722033,0.0004172774,0.0001320593,0.0012020199,0.0000924892],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006366977,0.0004042653,0.00047963,0.000086652864,0.0003099661,0.00013734808,0.0015404741,0.0001528599,0.0000090205795],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00048325426,0.00027365715,0.00058247783,0.0005185122,0.00054587575,0.0007677273,0.00026100661,0.0005660025,0.0000016146236],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007706792,0.00006670279,0.00046270248,0.0017181118,0.00030163437,2.8210383e-7,0.0013293241,0.0022744092,0.9752295,0.01713942,0.0010704136,0.00033042062],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015952421,0.00015087108,0.0048840237,0.0010466075,0.00023510473,0.00010960789,0.0038628355,0.3491916,0.6364227,0.00047864564,0.0013355549,0.00068723457],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001939308,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.4402785e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.34691718,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001379607,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000040836003,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99997157},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2006993700","doi":"10.1117/12.857655","title":"Characterization of deep-depletion Hamamatsu CCDs for the Gemini multi-object spectrograph","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Spectrograph; Characterization (materials science); Computer science; Object (grammar); Physics; Artificial intelligence; Computer vision; Optics; Astronomy","score_opus":0.00793086304803512,"score_gpt":0.21618440126987667,"score_spread":0.20825353822184156,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2006993700","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9959322,0.00007253216,0.0010188126,0.00089928845,0.0006632589,0.00077671406,0.00007834962,0.00017903934,0.00037976188],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.929769,0.000176746,0.06891601,0.00005111771,0.0006334936,0.00023779854,0.000026579017,0.000111819136,0.000077482655],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981745,1.3762975e-8,0.00067697023,0.00028669243,0.000471854,0.00038996717],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99820757,0.00019042008,0.00029601183,0.00008887469,0.0011354483,0.00008167763],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00055021385,0.00032164538,0.00038271505,0.000119311655,0.00009670138,0.000103025115,0.0007829242,0.00019667634,0.000013618502],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00039324022,0.00025071818,0.0006844728,0.00034572222,0.00024253345,0.00039083295,0.00007271952,0.00039721694,9.579704e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000047305304,0.00008090337,0.00039464154,0.0005064054,0.00036886672,2.5424566e-8,0.00032979602,0.00027978796,0.9173133,0.07934473,0.0003641341,0.00097014866],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001389449,0.0001731152,0.0052319197,0.00020132554,0.00026712538,0.000018361156,0.0008336767,0.36681542,0.6195145,0.00043676444,0.004680757,0.00043753456],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000066976363,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.889285e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.36653563,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006156051,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015127087,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999945},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2007650467","doi":"10.3390/s100301743","title":"Improving the Ability of Image Sensors to Detect Faint Stars and Moving Objects Using Image Deconvolution Techniques","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Sensors","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación","keywords":"Deconvolution; Stars; Artificial intelligence; Computer vision; Space debris; Aperture (computer memory); Image (mathematics); Physics; Computer science; Image restoration; Telescope; Image sensor; SIGNAL (programming language); Remote sensing; Noise (video); Image processing; Optics; Astronomy; Geology; Acoustics","score_opus":0.005295201805301757,"score_gpt":0.2201935460773217,"score_spread":0.21489834427201993,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2007650467","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99639195,0.000040825984,0.0019264825,0.000059807157,0.00025883358,0.00042161797,0.000019688514,0.00043714588,0.00044367582],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9539698,0.000009758834,0.045813125,0.000027513037,0.00009884575,0.0000063912275,0.0000011506293,0.00006133517,0.000012099598],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.998582,0.00006683922,0.00037543953,0.0003346264,0.00020319039,0.00043789772],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99897254,0.0001697078,0.00008161207,0.0005268263,0.00012355926,0.00012574065],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00055208046,0.00027246922,0.00028439134,0.00016493615,0.00015384649,0.00007961311,0.00016656103,0.000112705144,0.000018539977],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004089064,0.00023339095,0.000094789226,0.0002660768,0.00024430497,0.00018828733,0.00009429469,0.00045917416,0.0000059808135],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010305613,0.000005732515,0.00026075143,0.00010329004,0.000015737793,0.000006255055,0.00095302,0.0014020469,0.9875037,0.00001353335,0.000021477837,0.009704126],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00014323734,0.000033552467,0.0065641464,0.00004882647,0.000038940532,0.00005924624,0.0010235071,0.11557566,0.87588763,0.0001537859,0.00012386606,0.00034759016],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00057294144,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001726677,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.114173606,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008960576,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000025856492,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9517407},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2011204485","doi":"10.1117/12.642450","title":"An image sensor with on-die diffractive optics in 0.18μm bulk CMOS","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Fabrication; Image sensor; Die (integrated circuit); CMOS sensor; Optics; CMOS; Wavelength; Optoelectronics; Materials science; Physics; Computer science; Nanotechnology","score_opus":0.006076905646510377,"score_gpt":0.2120054901374253,"score_spread":0.20592858449091495,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2011204485","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9915927,0.000046446785,0.000059391168,0.0007320428,0.00016089786,0.00047610298,0.000058081176,0.00022941643,0.0066449214],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9127458,0.000056916844,0.08621577,0.000059723232,0.0005068787,0.00010708169,0.000014780095,0.00014376243,0.00014930095],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9977524,1.7618348e-8,0.00062091975,0.00041743924,0.00066582765,0.0005433912],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986444,0.00014060992,0.00018688169,0.00008883715,0.00081827363,0.00012098722],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00030817246,0.00044541506,0.00046246898,0.00016900469,0.00006239135,0.00015348283,0.00067475165,0.00018045751,0.000008453313],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013471284,0.00037133336,0.00032739973,0.0003359601,0.00022974967,0.0006731388,0.000053063704,0.00051248405,0.0000032128814],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00019000642,0.00036585217,0.00092181994,0.0004964547,0.00032128484,0.0000017798822,0.0003396256,0.0145444535,0.80869997,0.17252809,0.0013323441,0.0002583456],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0039803544,0.0010247593,0.011870093,0.0009696858,0.00025928186,0.0000651906,0.0036542017,0.44815037,0.52384305,0.0024432843,0.0022085735,0.0015311366],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000029277235,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000011732192,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4336059,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024633747,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000020925581,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998739},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2011470011","doi":"10.1116/1.2192526","title":"High dynamic range active pixel sensor arrays for digital x-ray imaging using a-Si:H","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A Vacuum Surfaces and Films","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Dynamic range; Wide dynamic range; Active matrix; Pixel; Detector; Image sensor; SIGNAL (programming language); High dynamic range; Linearity; Photocurrent; Sensitivity (control systems); Materials science; Physics; Computer science; Optics; Optoelectronics; Electronic engineering; Engineering; Nanotechnology; Thin-film transistor","score_opus":0.004894254002654885,"score_gpt":0.2170188491127507,"score_spread":0.21212459511009582,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2011470011","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97957563,0.0010697674,0.017505812,0.0006772313,0.0006728011,0.0001744864,0.00005541969,0.00018671148,0.000082111415],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97570986,0.000078308316,0.024025088,0.00002219181,0.00006616409,0.0000028662992,0.0000015321548,0.00003723617,0.00005673364],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99816835,0.000008793092,0.0005280323,0.00031964757,0.0003230854,0.00065209495],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990535,0.000083713065,0.00025608196,0.0002303973,0.00026976535,0.000106546315],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00038485733,0.00029438187,0.000467528,0.0009217534,0.00035740348,0.00024417363,0.00046931265,0.00013423676,0.000007660638],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000052561503,0.000252377,0.00012732393,0.0010556061,0.00072788756,0.0011263631,0.000080632126,0.0004260911,0.0000025915842],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000052517953,0.000073806994,0.005499432,0.000047771136,0.000056496734,0.000051072315,0.00024091937,0.019476227,0.96960986,0.00043385683,0.00019885867,0.0042591975],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004861993,0.0005595808,0.01752131,0.0005234995,0.00033022446,0.003108871,0.007987108,0.8377379,0.10721238,0.013831077,0.0043634335,0.0019625803],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000010743071,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000036820477,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.86239743,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014007228,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008983655,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99999285},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2011953661","doi":"10.1557/proc-1066-a18-04","title":"Noise Analysis of Image Sensor Arrays for Large-Area Biomedical Imaging","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"MRS Proceedings","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Materials science; Pixel; Design for manufacturability; Image sensor; Noise (video); Electronics; Thin-film transistor; Transistor; Electronic engineering; Computer science; Optoelectronics; Electrical engineering; Nanotechnology; Artificial intelligence; Image (mathematics); Engineering","score_opus":0.009514078946484022,"score_gpt":0.22120568230841636,"score_spread":0.21169160336193235,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2011953661","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.975534,0.00013104788,0.019807339,0.0002693582,0.00017075722,0.00019773813,0.00009111917,0.00048248304,0.0033161486],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99040633,0.00003654274,0.009089123,0.00007297848,0.000109371336,0.000021718684,0.00003483316,0.00004944243,0.00017966036],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987512,0.0000019145577,0.0003258181,0.00025180774,0.00024342624,0.0004258347],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99948096,0.000040459818,0.000059610014,0.00011455144,0.00018139333,0.00012301125],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015712559,0.00019565035,0.00039796962,0.000476375,0.00009941177,0.000026773143,0.00016088225,0.000056243232,0.0000632602],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009717009,0.00019331717,0.0002487709,0.001003371,0.00010109976,0.00018874838,0.000026186182,0.00012399006,0.000009361845],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006371189,0.00026576934,0.056407537,0.00069336855,0.0016056842,0.0000433388,0.008266146,0.00065418024,0.856761,0.00061325263,0.07274895,0.001877056],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015733951,0.0000508567,0.012873407,0.00008069053,0.0012172386,0.00006858418,0.0017352058,0.8645582,0.078776516,0.00012599582,0.0381622,0.000777675],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009344633,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":8.821152e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.86390406,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000045964938,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012817263,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7883246},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2012232828","doi":"10.1016/s0022-3093(01)01090-0","title":"Image sensors combining an organic photoconductor with a-Si:H matrix addressing","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Xerox (Canada)","funders":"National Institute of Standards and Technology","keywords":"Materials science; Optoelectronics; Thin film; Organic semiconductor; Layer (electronics); Organic electronics; Phthalocyanine; Thin-film transistor; Amorphous solid; Nanotechnology; Transistor; Electrical engineering; Chemistry","score_opus":0.019213191635577716,"score_gpt":0.25768427976814606,"score_spread":0.23847108813256834,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2012232828","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9919644,0.00030412344,0.0056247683,0.00012738073,0.00035704186,0.00017832249,0.000008237494,0.0001535312,0.0012822134],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97915727,0.00008418459,0.019513076,0.00007171246,0.00074269314,0.0000022359209,0.0000033078436,0.00013607129,0.00028943774],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99815,0.000046793448,0.0006728837,0.00017989009,0.0004808461,0.0004696155],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99879557,0.000057780897,0.00024944395,0.00030159528,0.0003044447,0.00029115874],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00028168136,0.0003306195,0.0005317203,0.00025284934,0.00010883329,0.00021586739,0.00032365325,0.00009390877,0.0006404157],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003993172,0.00027405872,0.00012467505,0.00041923064,0.00009258601,0.0007700417,0.000026475449,0.0006748568,0.000031514282],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000059541104,0.00017100775,0.00026539713,0.00015359002,0.00020628571,0.0006390989,0.002209472,0.016482675,0.9749416,0.0000046099453,0.00404152,0.0008252165],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.010374038,0.0020072777,0.0015774725,0.0017740814,0.0005436174,0.007107663,0.005476593,0.8900202,0.058891043,0.00011601555,0.019722339,0.0023896575],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000038055248,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000420395,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.91605055,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010391322,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000038320548,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99997115},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2012670204","doi":"10.1167/12.9.1404","title":"The effects of aging on GABAergic mechanisms and their influence on visual perception","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Vision","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Neuroscience; GABAergic; Inhibitory postsynaptic potential; Psychology; Perception; Excitatory postsynaptic potential; Visual cortex; Visual perception; Cognitive psychology","score_opus":0.0034680387779839725,"score_gpt":0.24142144222635495,"score_spread":0.237953403448371,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2012670204","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.998468,0.00041479102,0.0005331922,0.000056682613,0.0003982895,0.000035414803,1.9372308e-7,0.000012412465,0.000081043385],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993969,0.00033124033,0.000107471176,0.000038933926,0.00010554956,2.5410014e-7,8.250403e-8,0.000010995747,0.000008551399],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995111,0.00003152386,0.00015652044,0.00003494041,0.00014816505,0.000117703334],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995628,0.00022174872,0.000072551426,0.0000632252,0.000029787278,0.000049910108],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00027187134,0.00007851041,0.00010335082,0.00006523276,0.00005568059,0.00002063134,0.000055231732,0.00002674768,0.0000022251638],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005344424,0.000044359305,0.00004504564,0.000049750295,0.000017343718,0.00014613738,0.000010897288,0.00016451473,0.0000040417294],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000031293246,0.000046341578,0.00028250294,0.00006891853,0.000020448886,0.0000025795496,0.0012386813,0.0026053935,0.9257662,0.00021401743,0.00013471185,0.069588885],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0014653063,0.0027646762,0.5433593,0.002913397,0.000059139104,0.0001959001,0.001347383,0.020479392,0.42453408,0.0013661322,0.0011538053,0.0003614779],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":7.950958e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.408227e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5430768,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000028937371,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000027330952,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.18089199},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2013639962","doi":"10.1145/1284480.1284502","title":"A multisampling time-domain CMOS imager with synchronous readout circuit","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Comparator; Fixed-pattern noise; Pixel; CMOS; Frame rate; Computer science; Photodiode; Dynamic range; Offset (computer science); Frame (networking); Read-write memory; Transistor; Image sensor; Electronic engineering; Computer hardware; Voltage; Electrical engineering; Physics; Engineering; Optoelectronics; Artificial intelligence; Telecommunications; Computer vision","score_opus":0.005339292285451011,"score_gpt":0.1925538401135846,"score_spread":0.18721454782813357,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2013639962","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.57852846,0.00012055555,0.2919293,0.00003858094,0.0001374559,0.00019575267,0.0000040300483,0.0013787996,0.12766705],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9703603,0.0000035517537,0.026953658,0.000104925435,0.00014157139,0.0000038127178,0.000006506957,0.000075593336,0.0023501315],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99903005,0.000005746683,0.0001811426,0.00019249767,0.00015442862,0.00043612937],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995169,0.00007157873,0.00001648669,0.00025735935,0.000029092915,0.00010859245],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017845273,0.0001816612,0.00016426746,0.00008338704,0.00005513465,0.0000503459,0.00010407265,0.000050843264,0.00037695593],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009898808,0.00015585539,0.000040899627,0.00016280486,0.00004561164,0.000107688946,0.000013768038,0.00015720924,0.00059517194],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012944386,0.0002745857,0.010190177,0.00037792505,0.000587953,0.0014036236,0.0072294422,0.04131159,0.7073962,0.0023051826,0.012424582,0.21636932],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.014686847,0.00072587206,0.050310127,0.0013107234,0.0004586806,0.0035557218,0.0072921873,0.32575828,0.41776517,0.0028845791,0.16492398,0.010327818],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000044200966,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000023967237,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3918318,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008381052,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010529312,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.764993},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2013953231","doi":"10.1117/12.526929","title":"Biomimetic sampling architectures for CMOS image sensors","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"York University; University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; CMC Microsystems","keywords":"Pyramid (geometry); Image sensor; Pixel; Sampling (signal processing); Computer science; Diagonal; CMOS; Block (permutation group theory); Image resolution; Correlated double sampling; CMOS sensor; Artificial intelligence; Architecture; Computer vision; Electronic engineering; Engineering; Optics; Physics; Mathematics; Geometry","score_opus":0.01090790786131664,"score_gpt":0.23171812894448957,"score_spread":0.22081022108317291,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2013953231","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9952551,0.00016213764,0.00052606204,0.0014016782,0.00037367095,0.0007231206,0.000099739154,0.00032561834,0.0011328474],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6837965,0.00006156441,0.3149982,0.00008335466,0.00062789716,0.0001816273,0.00001118647,0.00015904596,0.000080579965],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99783,7.6712805e-9,0.00068773405,0.0003916391,0.0005093111,0.00058136217],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985168,0.00018056444,0.00018515692,0.0000748591,0.0008962296,0.0001464076],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00039596047,0.00042686795,0.00047718908,0.00016099543,0.000104481434,0.00014282038,0.00077417045,0.00018217498,0.000007197884],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004886255,0.0003765563,0.0008174502,0.00033257183,0.0002439133,0.0002143863,0.00008784909,0.00033977133,0.0000025857207],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006732219,0.00007472034,0.000052355033,0.0009962833,0.00051044504,1.2326475e-7,0.00038029757,0.014364341,0.8705578,0.11124307,0.0012781686,0.0004751206],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0031302397,0.00034951698,0.00063710863,0.0007165029,0.00035519878,0.000060966962,0.0014815038,0.093786165,0.8821466,0.010825268,0.0054946784,0.0010162754],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008604751,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.7487376e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.31447214,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020993967,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000025893181,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99986863},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2014551106","doi":"10.1364/ao.49.004483","title":"Crosstalk quantification, analysis, and trends in CMOS image sensors","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Optics","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Crosstalk; Pixel; CMOS; Image sensor; Materials science; Optics; Computer science; Optoelectronics; Physics","score_opus":0.005047413667020165,"score_gpt":0.2244874382071876,"score_spread":0.21944002454016745,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2014551106","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9869463,0.000018077377,0.0012652338,0.00006264291,0.00008979437,0.000044863336,0.000009858821,0.00015940129,0.011403869],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9919526,0.00002099901,0.0077128587,0.000015461937,0.00003970604,0.0000064773135,0.000032086744,0.000023419041,0.00019638805],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99936,0.0000033240103,0.00018599576,0.00017318717,0.00008537577,0.00019208375],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995979,0.000030426823,0.000020298452,0.00027622524,0.000018124496,0.000057029927],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000095272735,0.00012182762,0.00016277675,0.00027922602,0.000037700665,0.00008190489,0.000075165786,0.00006909954,0.000045078115],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000008049117,0.0001294912,0.000034420224,0.000730411,0.000079582125,0.00004811442,0.000014895484,0.00022760766,0.000023597131],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014259972,0.000091757334,0.011230129,0.000058375674,0.0003034769,0.00002274414,0.001954931,0.026132593,0.9000929,0.022107288,0.0008991546,0.037092373],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013736397,0.000013384749,0.39413846,0.000007827343,0.00048369862,0.000020702633,0.00077514286,0.4736691,0.11890385,0.0010396356,0.008349599,0.0012249566],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000016430016,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00017064354,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7811891,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000009795883,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000027962028,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5280498},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2017436424","doi":"10.1364/ao.51.001968","title":"Partially light-controlled imager based on liquid crystal plate and image intensifier for aurora and airglow measurement","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Optics","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Image intensifier; Optics; Physics; Airglow; Optical transfer function; Pixel; Detector; Charge-coupled device; Transmittance; Dynamic range","score_opus":0.011780869616186343,"score_gpt":0.19952045934719292,"score_spread":0.18773958973100657,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2017436424","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.91751206,0.00069075014,0.05498556,0.001262877,0.0010412439,0.002259239,0.000036754063,0.0006905836,0.021520957],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9880124,0.000012733222,0.011245178,0.0003147478,0.00023287645,0.000081149235,0.0000049265323,0.0000585247,0.00003750784],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99901026,0.000008717172,0.00021969895,0.00017645414,0.00018960501,0.00039524506],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994733,0.00007986031,0.00003256351,0.00018793407,0.00007397701,0.00015237645],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00033501931,0.00022493275,0.0002924475,0.000060453673,0.00007112564,0.00007019771,0.000051921736,0.00006966815,0.000007191957],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005345351,0.00020096119,0.000051370385,0.00004676611,0.00004550465,0.000078293946,0.000020190475,0.00012917859,0.000010469575],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0023669282,0.00018197973,0.000077525714,0.0002965603,0.00025516519,0.000009066827,0.0013465142,0.0046795434,0.98147464,0.0026952755,0.003562365,0.0030544482],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.029229945,0.00069036375,0.0012328053,0.0001970514,0.00081087585,0.000026358939,0.00068713905,0.51707715,0.41264936,0.0004914853,0.034678016,0.0022294263],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":7.8348484e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000014921886,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.56882524,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000046477955,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001577121,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.819496},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2020465969","doi":"10.1117/12.877592","title":"Integration of an amorphous silicon passive pixel sensor array with a lateral amorphous selenium detector for large area indirect conversion x-ray imaging applications","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Thunder Bay Regional Research Institute; University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Detector; Amorphous silicon; Silicon; Materials science; X-ray detector; Pixel; Optoelectronics; Image sensor; Amorphous solid; Selenium; X-ray; Optics; Physics; Crystalline silicon; Chemistry; Crystallography; Metallurgy","score_opus":0.009143421346431731,"score_gpt":0.2002209690596719,"score_spread":0.19107754771324018,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2020465969","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99478275,0.0000460962,0.0029235566,0.0001353405,0.0001576883,0.0010646449,0.00021404288,0.00025176888,0.00042414415],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.88794833,0.00002640595,0.11127075,0.00003665828,0.00018896215,0.00034769467,0.00003485811,0.00010508147,0.00004124017],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9980603,4.5785512e-8,0.0006346889,0.000404103,0.00043969185,0.0004611619],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99791634,0.0001009728,0.00034743614,0.000094837866,0.00139953,0.00014086273],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00030860666,0.0004014603,0.00048920733,0.0001711238,0.000097432676,0.00007035416,0.000580224,0.00015457754,0.000011994776],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011244004,0.00033459606,0.00041047638,0.00032694842,0.00017166346,0.00062953646,0.000046846144,0.00029866124,0.0000010037149],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00022138224,0.00017037829,0.0007437063,0.0006039571,0.0003743934,1.4614781e-7,0.0011063378,0.0002940754,0.98421204,0.011547787,0.00029880632,0.00042701844],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0017261805,0.0003956194,0.0017377037,0.00032262708,0.00028127633,0.000029286659,0.0027251286,0.11477692,0.8760583,0.0002625733,0.001162842,0.0005215568],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000017742297,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000010698383,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.11448284,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016504599,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000027430337,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999106},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2021325186","doi":"10.1117/12.669433","title":"Faint flux performance of an EMCCD","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal; Photon Etc (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Spurious relationship; Noise (video); Flux (metallurgy); Charge (physics); Electron; Dark current; Background noise","score_opus":0.00661884738981564,"score_gpt":0.20276348198673705,"score_spread":0.1961446345969214,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2021325186","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99267465,0.00010104277,0.000020695104,0.0003005507,0.0002601374,0.0003029293,0.00004218423,0.00019979032,0.0060980213],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9554335,0.000046209676,0.043690007,0.000024773875,0.00042087192,0.000049613944,0.000014475046,0.00008126706,0.00023931355],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99795383,8.32316e-9,0.00073815504,0.0002882342,0.0006039583,0.0004158156],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998588,0.00006258173,0.00021366963,0.00007512218,0.0009650945,0.0000955145],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00038402632,0.0003290538,0.00042667566,0.00011824959,0.00005728795,0.000070856506,0.00078771973,0.00016111463,0.000019797943],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010316066,0.00029351367,0.00045741207,0.00032220848,0.00021150683,0.00061341067,0.000080950565,0.0002921868,0.000002168639],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005190018,0.00012523387,0.0007735848,0.00093510584,0.0002382751,1.0124934e-7,0.0001796723,0.0057523903,0.834411,0.15353687,0.0032719625,0.00072387146],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010254445,0.00032895838,0.0042420467,0.00035843672,0.00013772598,0.000024853478,0.0007836418,0.3149187,0.673145,0.00093598565,0.0035734402,0.0005257423],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000016395788,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.429598e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3091663,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012742789,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000017427303,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999517},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2021958199","doi":"10.1016/j.micpro.2011.05.008","title":"Universal bridge interface for DVP-compatible image sensors","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Microprocessors and Microsystems","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; CMC Microsystems","keywords":"Computer science; Microcontroller; Pixel; Computer hardware; VHDL; Random access; Interface (matter); Field-programmable gate array; Image sensor; Image compression; Image processing; Embedded system; Artificial intelligence; Image (mathematics)","score_opus":0.016671268050026423,"score_gpt":0.21437056449659717,"score_spread":0.19769929644657075,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2021958199","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9891666,0.0016824331,0.005672659,0.000016657179,0.00043301907,0.00031642907,0.00010670093,0.00035033678,0.0022551196],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99689543,0.00008077062,0.0017213481,0.00002051251,0.00008431006,0.0000133571,0.0000099307645,0.000073031566,0.0011013239],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989879,0.00001189417,0.0002573679,0.0002891722,0.00006176849,0.00039189652],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99955636,0.000021364303,0.0000494416,0.00018634368,0.000085578184,0.00010092992],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010958006,0.0002525119,0.00029092655,0.000098557175,0.000111739326,0.00008566961,0.00015914037,0.000083632825,0.000024451185],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000007392182,0.0002494664,0.00007095361,0.00012591688,0.00008271337,0.00017361877,0.000031099076,0.000119458906,0.000042279164],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000049561473,0.000037527694,0.00067583343,0.0010782566,0.00008182315,0.000011668247,0.0067504016,0.000066478206,0.98197174,0.00008039691,0.007853891,0.0013424199],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015182437,0.000098072895,0.001280266,0.00026319444,0.00007377634,0.00019758561,0.0020719592,0.006639945,0.9158218,0.000074684205,0.07114783,0.0008126274],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002518847,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000029753863,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.06614993,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000042315976,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013017151,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99999577},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2022888859","doi":"10.1109/nusod.2013.6633156","title":"3D modeling of CMOS image sensor and aperture size effect","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Crosslight Software (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Microlens; Image sensor; Aperture (computer memory); Sensitivity (control systems); CMOS; Materials science; Pixel; Filter (signal processing); Optical filter; CMOS sensor; Electronic engineering; Optics; Optoelectronics; Computer science; Engineering; Computer vision; Acoustics; Lens (geology); Physics","score_opus":0.002511065420551588,"score_gpt":0.17276748750994667,"score_spread":0.17025642208939507,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2022888859","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9811943,0.00016316098,0.0032404065,0.00010196256,0.000056886875,0.00013377937,0.0000020176185,0.00022982455,0.014877648],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9927095,0.00002269816,0.006732942,0.00006919293,0.000029790317,0.000004799782,7.701809e-7,0.000022410759,0.00040789007],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995912,0.000009339711,0.00010537003,0.000091577946,0.00006463336,0.0001379142],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996462,0.00015941031,0.000007022981,0.00012118847,0.000021729553,0.000044432352],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000039061397,0.00010451721,0.00014209194,0.000021329499,0.00001588257,0.000024714873,0.00003902923,0.00003931405,0.00018057482],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005723176,0.00008132748,0.000029356957,0.000046283203,0.000018599581,0.00010225686,0.000014119139,0.0000625701,0.000055387893],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008760479,0.000022237706,0.00090530847,0.0005587648,0.00009337938,0.0000075897788,0.0005338713,0.038759734,0.93211937,0.00006753357,0.0038509823,0.023072438],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00022913191,0.000013704093,0.0003070112,0.000019435613,0.0000095343585,0.000007736101,0.00004885832,0.9910124,0.007954186,0.00003112993,0.0002550986,0.00011177771],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007334271,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000015472331,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9522527,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000071727936,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000015639536,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.33164385},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2023187170","doi":"10.1139/p02-037","title":"Effect of cobalt 60 and 1 MeV electron irradiation on silicon photodiodes/solar cells","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Physics","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Photodiode; Irradiation; Physics; Responsivity; Diode; Optoelectronics; Silicon; Optics; Sapphire; Radiation; Electron; Laser; Photodetector; Nuclear physics","score_opus":0.0040611654768205946,"score_gpt":0.17366564878061544,"score_spread":0.16960448330379485,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2023187170","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9978973,0.0005513464,0.00003929282,0.000032056483,0.00020609159,0.000053827822,0.000010729137,0.000008014579,0.0012013261],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99967813,0.00008019031,0.0000148975605,0.000034927867,0.00014949804,3.783068e-7,9.071693e-7,0.000018344728,0.000022705013],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994929,0.00003048939,0.00015100843,0.00005425878,0.00009019156,0.00018114723],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99956745,0.00005225282,0.00006457592,0.00008192844,0.000031608368,0.00020219485],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000098163786,0.0001015496,0.00018218822,0.00008949177,0.000031958036,0.00002229731,0.00006694822,0.000035028876,0.00002278209],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000014496049,0.000098901684,0.00005656242,0.00011029924,0.000027655715,0.00009162538,0.0000011648158,0.00018630603,0.0000072157286],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007536102,0.00006649461,0.004231735,0.00075219804,0.0004765789,0.00028204944,0.0049832845,0.13479917,0.579452,0.0007802009,0.033464536,0.24063642],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00089271227,0.0008244007,0.0013889169,0.00014217904,0.00009029293,0.000038397076,0.000021857735,0.030323341,0.960726,0.000138852,0.005168009,0.00024502803],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00022800633,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00022665622,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.38127404,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010190208,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000030009736,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.40330935},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2025072565","doi":"10.1109/fccm.2014.58","title":"Image Signal Processors on FPGAs","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Field-programmable gate array; Computer science; Implementation; Signal processing; Embedded system; Image processing; Computer hardware; SIGNAL (programming language); Computer architecture; Digital signal processing; Image (mathematics); Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.0038370400487944727,"score_gpt":0.18466090849644393,"score_spread":0.18082386844764944,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2025072565","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.34182268,0.000015758926,0.010614697,0.00024300211,0.00016476847,0.000059756592,0.0000011006094,0.001062512,0.6460157],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9966935,0.000001961003,0.001804678,0.0001881869,0.00010358585,0.0000027612477,0.0000012488674,0.000021057038,0.0011830232],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99962413,0.0000038887842,0.00006543612,0.00008257448,0.000080893944,0.0001430942],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998213,0.00002274323,0.0000047486815,0.00009874229,0.000011778967,0.00004066594],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000044898043,0.00007830624,0.00006545018,0.000032266027,0.000020897016,0.000026015674,0.00006384438,0.000020062194,0.0002464113],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000010794304,0.000066333974,0.00002320082,0.000059800866,0.000014024742,0.000049991035,0.0000051998277,0.00007372456,0.0006515306],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004624298,0.00023219605,0.001350846,0.00062403735,0.00014031459,0.000036407273,0.0018778876,0.07994661,0.24575244,0.028182615,0.39286727,0.24894314],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00068558916,0.000111827045,0.0019032584,0.000057927955,0.000016219301,0.0000131868555,0.00012656135,0.6275734,0.2431954,0.0018306283,0.1238321,0.00065393985],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000033969152,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000019326874,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6548708,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000010743121,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000020542268,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.83743244},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2025423274","doi":"10.1116/1.1460897","title":"Active pixel sensor architectures in a-SiH for medical imaging","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A Vacuum Surfaces and Films","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Health Sciences Centre; Sunnybrook Health Science Centre; University of Toronto; University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Pixel; Image sensor; Linearity; Amplifier; Noise (video); Detector; Fixed-pattern noise; Image resolution; SIGNAL (programming language); Reading (process); Computer science; Electrical engineering; Electronic engineering; Optoelectronics; Physics; Optics; CMOS; Artificial intelligence; Engineering","score_opus":0.006249792697723884,"score_gpt":0.23123178473961115,"score_spread":0.22498199204188726,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2025423274","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9909624,0.0026371034,0.0012162713,0.0042753625,0.00040363226,0.00012462695,0.000007790141,0.000109138615,0.00026367683],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9946336,0.0004726555,0.0046847747,0.00009599205,0.00004557021,0.000004406651,1.5881425e-7,0.000019732672,0.000043073313],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983115,0.000015012209,0.000462863,0.00024843105,0.00041192808,0.00055026606],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992716,0.00013892846,0.00012983663,0.00017691623,0.00012035174,0.00016241711],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00066340767,0.0002030501,0.00037636745,0.0011506509,0.00016433896,0.00006340226,0.0005446018,0.00014526163,0.000059031347],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00023700162,0.0001628867,0.00007845358,0.0010834036,0.0007592854,0.0002481028,0.00008128524,0.0006718046,0.0000031911088],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001653644,0.00040806032,0.047718067,0.00021260991,0.00017853672,0.0005843322,0.0060573225,0.00968764,0.6762096,0.0016131956,0.0037023413,0.2534629],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004364657,0.0005113218,0.021804122,0.00061527675,0.00008855503,0.0050973245,0.007002845,0.8570286,0.08162116,0.007699795,0.012980333,0.0011859853],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003452244,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000785932,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.847341,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005549895,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000049909377,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.66423273},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2025848521","doi":"10.1117/12.2009035","title":"Bio-inspired design: nonlinear digital pixels for multiple-tier processes","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Alberta Innovates","keywords":"Pixel; Computer science; Dynamic range; Image sensor; Image resolution; Computer vision; Artificial intelligence; Process (computing); Digital image; High dynamic range; Limit (mathematics); Nonlinear system; Digital image processing; Image quality; SIGNAL (programming language); Image processing; Image (mathematics)","score_opus":0.01343872262047261,"score_gpt":0.2159085357779259,"score_spread":0.2024698131574533,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2025848521","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9946194,0.00016560154,0.0009617401,0.0009997431,0.0003335528,0.001348756,0.00014115631,0.00037964495,0.001050357],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7394314,0.00012134186,0.25798494,0.000112249254,0.00087671104,0.00079713104,0.000034794277,0.00022782828,0.00041358752],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9976497,9.019914e-9,0.00077084743,0.00041691627,0.0005549985,0.0006075267],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99701095,0.00034367133,0.00021917345,0.00007585084,0.0021759572,0.00017439747],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00028241714,0.00046916044,0.00050389254,0.0001298604,0.00009796438,0.00034568473,0.00090880046,0.00021778708,0.000014273763],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0011227113,0.00040153088,0.00058512663,0.0004071318,0.00021676814,0.001205614,0.00010131678,0.00027470468,0.0000076724],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014637758,0.0003044197,0.0009980164,0.0036029206,0.0012521563,1.5429129e-7,0.0006475754,0.0039804843,0.9315065,0.03118346,0.023174003,0.0032039366],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0026508174,0.00046579217,0.00053394615,0.00064161693,0.00023629764,0.000026550411,0.001722543,0.5506148,0.4230428,0.0020118433,0.016918937,0.0011341036],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000054423163,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":9.440488e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.54663426,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014245883,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000040105613,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99984366},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2026096371","doi":"10.1109/mwscas.2011.6026338","title":"Tunable, low-power, high-gain Transimpedance amplifier for fNIRS photoreceiver front-end","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Transimpedance amplifier; CMOS; Bandwidth (computing); Amplifier; Preamplifier; Optoelectronics; Front and back ends; Materials science; Photodiode; Operational amplifier; Electrical engineering; Power consumption; Computer science; Physics; Power (physics); Engineering; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.011613437654415748,"score_gpt":0.18707812132871146,"score_spread":0.1754646836742957,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2026096371","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6578754,0.0005536485,0.18620552,0.000088434586,0.0024622206,0.0009053756,0.00014290989,0.0017648618,0.15000159],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98456484,0.000036564943,0.009033133,0.00020052778,0.0000780722,0.000045308003,0.000009172556,0.00007437276,0.005958028],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989888,0.000009515699,0.00020728423,0.00024928138,0.00011579804,0.00042931846],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994968,0.00004553162,0.00001736476,0.00029058047,0.000041283045,0.00010842119],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009580334,0.0002194958,0.00022420917,0.00006191515,0.00005430539,0.000026463935,0.00017435313,0.000084683634,0.0022921718],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000013042505,0.00020650012,0.00010554634,0.00007780249,0.00004743299,0.00016993927,0.000008436512,0.00011939685,0.00017067896],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009351601,0.00096273364,0.0038393808,0.0018215489,0.001619943,0.00016134336,0.035378493,0.017415006,0.18736185,0.029735344,0.64168376,0.07908543],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0082210675,0.00039958235,0.021747114,0.00027658124,0.0002693964,0.00003750717,0.0021936207,0.09295261,0.6141242,0.009237375,0.2464653,0.004075667],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00021147192,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000080604375,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.42676234,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000043477638,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012551378,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99861985},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2026559526","doi":"10.1117/12.603686","title":"&lt;title&gt;Performance benefits and limitations of a camera network&lt;/title&gt;","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Pixel; Artificial intelligence; Computer science; Image sensor; Image resolution; Computer vision","score_opus":0.01320701555120131,"score_gpt":0.2036886958700631,"score_spread":0.1904816803188618,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2026559526","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9625624,0.0006267455,0.00001422412,0.00045133312,0.00017456511,0.00012908567,0.000016688702,0.000079981895,0.035945013],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9464783,0.0014369396,0.05075673,0.0000572111,0.00056842907,0.000029458306,0.0000054942084,0.00005855312,0.00060890097],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991524,6.1613137e-9,0.00028512644,0.000131274,0.0002335298,0.00019763877],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994338,0.00006449775,0.000079881036,0.000033105352,0.00033543195,0.00005324031],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013786496,0.00014611358,0.00018585501,0.000049786835,0.00003134498,0.000029439163,0.00023273495,0.00008141374,0.000025436806],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009967003,0.00013311005,0.00015471164,0.00015903257,0.0000879429,0.00018730499,0.00004238093,0.00013733914,0.0000088525985],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000024219544,0.000070807866,0.00031345562,0.0006497523,0.00045890818,6.4516e-8,0.00034447855,0.009381524,0.17463993,0.7295603,0.053774495,0.030782063],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012190836,0.00023119277,0.0031360465,0.00086925,0.0002742197,0.000036013644,0.00030212573,0.5943796,0.06668805,0.00084074965,0.33118343,0.0008402536],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":5.834257e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.3977903e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.72871953,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000047168942,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009662624,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.54280704},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2028134505","doi":"10.1109/icecs.2014.7050089","title":"A low-power Wilkinson-type ADC for CdZnTe detectors in 0.13&amp;#x03BC;m CMOS","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"CMOS; Cadmium zinc telluride; Effective number of bits; Dynamic range; Physics; Electrical engineering; Least significant bit; Detector; Analog-to-digital converter; Electronic engineering; Computer science; Engineering; Optoelectronics; Optics","score_opus":0.006773182397066117,"score_gpt":0.20795505403517273,"score_spread":0.2011818716381066,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2028134505","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9640223,0.00007950341,0.023591485,0.00011688545,0.0008748857,0.00026366487,0.000004416189,0.0006074149,0.010439451],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9945136,0.000010531169,0.0032566986,0.00021296927,0.00010840575,0.000017856037,0.0000056927865,0.000064652166,0.0018096005],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990518,0.0000147145865,0.00021918351,0.00021097789,0.0001097077,0.0003935844],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99946624,0.00010747385,0.000016724987,0.00028843252,0.00003753632,0.000083567],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014687038,0.00019140437,0.00020988166,0.00012297824,0.000031795695,0.000038118626,0.00014710349,0.00008246233,0.00021338153],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011623785,0.00017899742,0.00007589423,0.00022599919,0.000024073732,0.00009875246,0.000019946301,0.00014453843,0.0002172532],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000570849,0.00071441627,0.042131934,0.0018334087,0.0004263222,0.000033743494,0.009176683,0.13793282,0.42224717,0.008831278,0.20112221,0.17497917],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0023674152,0.00017147994,0.0069674538,0.00017969418,0.000030283301,0.00001629686,0.0001696218,0.12303686,0.048933815,0.001225935,0.8157009,0.0012002807],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005498248,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00043596726,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.61457866,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005183115,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009943945,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7299303},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2030888861","doi":"10.1088/0004-6256/137/2/3172","title":"THE WFC3 GALACTIC BULGE TREASURY PROGRAM: A FIRST LOOK AT RESOLVED STELLAR POPULATION TOOLS","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Astronomical Journal","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Bulge; Treasury; Stellar population; Population; Stellar mass","score_opus":0.011543561627257141,"score_gpt":0.2182736821562954,"score_spread":0.20673012052903825,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2030888861","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99600667,0.00035911732,0.0002300228,0.0022932831,0.00024531863,0.00017183123,0.0000016900916,0.00013124998,0.00056084554],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99877226,0.000035949804,0.0004497674,0.000026949074,0.0005150655,0.0000036784536,0.0000035922696,0.000021623924,0.00017112598],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990053,0.000059436457,0.00029230054,0.000099413126,0.00016346197,0.000380082],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99939924,0.0001445038,0.0000675335,0.000253788,0.000019517971,0.000115390205],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00031278346,0.00015069463,0.00014109685,0.000026383415,0.00044376942,0.00032452148,0.00027000005,0.00004118521,0.00004192662],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003730152,0.0000897853,0.00013000245,0.00006399378,0.00005084219,0.00014005849,0.000023708912,0.0004249599,0.000072627074],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00044481375,0.00014541032,0.026267217,0.0000105674735,0.00021824376,0.000012616025,0.0007141639,0.10414951,0.0025941224,0.00015274658,0.011061886,0.8542287],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015858258,0.00028861687,0.8927267,0.00009589804,0.00015247449,0.0004538191,0.00033172578,0.039013494,0.00109659,0.0009430388,0.0628036,0.00050818676],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000053812187,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000013113197,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8664595,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024974163,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012395876,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.36613384},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2030942991","doi":"10.1016/j.snb.2013.08.021","title":"CMOS BQJ detector chip with integrated charge-amplifiers for fluorescence measurements","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Sensors and Actuators B Chemical","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"Université de Sherbrooke; Université de Lyon; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico; CMC Microsystems","keywords":"Preamplifier; Chip; CMOS; Detector; Photodetector; Amplifier; Optoelectronics; Sensitivity (control systems); Materials science; Noise (video); Physics; Fluorescence; Optics; Electrical engineering; Electronic engineering; Engineering; Computer science","score_opus":0.01158778920507506,"score_gpt":0.19361967612913625,"score_spread":0.1820318869240612,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2030942991","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99776274,0.00005766747,0.0009005352,0.00009693312,0.00013767881,0.00041697227,0.0000180343,0.00029727168,0.00031215753],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99625635,0.000014500586,0.0032467677,0.000065959284,0.000108536835,0.00005920845,0.000014161564,0.00006317772,0.00017131002],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99885434,0.000009362464,0.00019948465,0.0003025935,0.00019153704,0.00044270043],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99941075,0.00005451346,0.000030307798,0.00019701014,0.000086603235,0.0002207941],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000625321,0.00028383927,0.00025528445,0.000057802194,0.000069550944,0.00008456291,0.000117718686,0.0001067944,0.00006660031],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000067425106,0.0002186834,0.00005915052,0.0001433706,0.00010594183,0.00012956878,0.000015162839,0.00020440818,0.000041694788],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006572483,0.000044257187,0.002018434,0.0001772655,0.00014368526,0.000003341718,0.000539484,0.00005057437,0.9571639,0.000047903875,0.008798451,0.030947015],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013667685,0.00006948398,0.0004822553,0.00013290085,0.000053679414,0.000033610067,0.00029221963,0.025421424,0.9653013,0.00015561742,0.005942046,0.00074872974],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000034564473,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000014382128,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.030198285,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000056268713,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015020526,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.891765},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2031565141","doi":"10.1117/12.567543","title":"Distributed imaging using compound eye sensors","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Compound eye; Computer vision; Remote sensing; Optics; Geology; Physics","score_opus":0.010003273692822601,"score_gpt":0.22692504071149042,"score_spread":0.2169217670186678,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2031565141","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9958565,0.00016500487,0.00029927414,0.0011369314,0.00043536923,0.00037817116,0.00010872608,0.00033677072,0.0012832393],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9247985,0.00006130279,0.074417345,0.00006296011,0.0004430146,0.000034606404,0.000018764245,0.0001234414,0.000040061634],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99768233,9.326628e-9,0.0007279726,0.00037060716,0.0006389273,0.0005801428],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99851537,0.00007370712,0.0002125644,0.000076484044,0.0009640768,0.00015777728],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00034907632,0.00043227477,0.00047627403,0.00012910034,0.00011730199,0.00017308733,0.00075858977,0.00014470637,0.000008559665],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002204442,0.00040165472,0.0006297709,0.00044460298,0.000266917,0.0006041109,0.000121161705,0.00040824892,0.000002703913],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000037458598,0.00009382579,0.0007515306,0.0005679778,0.0004797465,7.0607257e-7,0.00030529924,0.031686585,0.8309222,0.13363983,0.0013678307,0.00014706084],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0034663263,0.00014565987,0.0020286385,0.0011242997,0.00046201545,0.00014366079,0.0037606643,0.5165532,0.460478,0.003969673,0.0064486125,0.0014192335],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000019650246,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.3823238e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.48486662,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004147606,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000029778159,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99984354},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2031601132","doi":"10.1109/tnn.2003.816345","title":"Kerneltron: support vector \"machine\" in silicon","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":141,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Support vector machine; Computer hardware; Massively parallel; Very-large-scale integration; Parallel computing; Artificial intelligence; Embedded system","score_opus":0.008405461851561097,"score_gpt":0.20692007297401543,"score_spread":0.19851461112245433,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2031601132","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.78055274,0.0003826018,0.20751879,0.00018891276,0.0049618636,0.00037735244,0.000020137024,0.0010196296,0.004977986],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992608,0.00006856772,0.000048033377,0.00016176302,0.00005722759,0.00001941775,0.0000024180254,0.000048610145,0.00033315478],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99907005,0.000040896375,0.00021443168,0.00019914738,0.00010659436,0.00036890438],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99961394,0.000060033188,0.000013480288,0.00021409753,0.000009537371,0.00008890824],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000064677704,0.00019969707,0.0001753204,0.000098642064,0.00005666186,0.000029282422,0.000088664136,0.0000909776,0.00028428552],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000016604681,0.00020721383,0.00009522371,0.00025847513,0.000027721237,0.000108449094,2.392748e-7,0.00052507233,0.000039962448],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010767372,0.00004121786,0.00015844678,0.000007504629,0.000011417881,0.00002169013,0.00005854308,0.99031657,0.00040483286,0.000017957946,0.00027596508,0.008675063],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00058163,0.00006397337,0.0007919215,0.000017146282,0.000017453372,0.000048242295,0.000028941357,0.9905625,0.0055289567,0.000017616623,0.0020273682,0.00031424285],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000022591741,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00013812669,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.21870807,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007071092,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006597557,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.84499353},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2032950411","doi":"10.1117/12.924147","title":"Tests and calibration on ultra violet imaging telescope (UVIT)","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Telescope; Ultra violet; Sky; Detector; Calibration; Filter (signal processing); Angular resolution (graph drawing); Optical telescope; Satellite","score_opus":0.00799371703229215,"score_gpt":0.21530780323151566,"score_spread":0.2073140861992235,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2032950411","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9940661,0.00027820218,0.000047082256,0.00093973917,0.0003482506,0.00032668124,0.00003210083,0.00021905256,0.0037427568],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9807621,0.00012755014,0.018194556,0.0001313091,0.0005682464,0.000058685357,0.000007571239,0.00008510246,0.000064865235],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99831164,1.234464e-8,0.00048496318,0.0002595715,0.00046621266,0.00047757413],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991205,0.00013265552,0.00013830191,0.00005473842,0.00039013845,0.00016366244],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00039400876,0.00033102088,0.00032460314,0.000108582455,0.00007544312,0.00012533559,0.00040502317,0.00011799799,0.000009091568],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002594278,0.0002883308,0.00027758855,0.00023128223,0.00015819553,0.0008028761,0.00005701754,0.00031979237,0.0000023499545],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000035826266,0.0000929136,0.0034946296,0.00051217753,0.0002205033,9.164568e-8,0.00040688165,0.0004917595,0.81949216,0.16866806,0.0052299364,0.0013550872],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002133353,0.0002811723,0.013406686,0.0011453534,0.00030383334,0.000097882505,0.0025406177,0.20144488,0.76504695,0.001272627,0.010999486,0.0013271648],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005104878,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.6824995e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.20095313,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001222205,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010136513,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999569},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2033523807","doi":"10.1117/12.567370","title":"New CMOS digital pixel sensor architecture dedicated to a visual cortical implant","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Pixel; Image sensor; Comparator; Computer science; CMOS; Photodiode; Computer vision; Computer hardware; Artificial intelligence; Electronic engineering; Voltage; Electrical engineering; Engineering; Materials science; Optoelectronics","score_opus":0.0065418620780527655,"score_gpt":0.21831864176757054,"score_spread":0.21177677968951777,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2033523807","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9933868,0.000053623455,0.0013171777,0.0026559958,0.00034842428,0.0005309597,0.00008167476,0.0003770815,0.0012482507],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8838875,0.000032499003,0.114615045,0.00022005614,0.0008103196,0.00007028324,0.00001883668,0.00015193557,0.0001935177],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.997486,9.082471e-9,0.00070610555,0.0004170824,0.0007572367,0.00063356274],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986889,0.000105479456,0.00012991116,0.0000680774,0.00061494607,0.00039273078],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021472794,0.00044903872,0.00048445901,0.00015211535,0.000078403966,0.00021475408,0.00077200384,0.00020739564,0.000012957445],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00045491522,0.00038482586,0.00056829356,0.00047282485,0.0001432567,0.00039100143,0.00014789552,0.00054296665,0.0000109452985],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001364027,0.00012742191,0.00016237676,0.00038744658,0.00060187257,9.259556e-7,0.0006408124,0.0057164053,0.9021654,0.08218117,0.006056068,0.001823715],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.009205976,0.0021859116,0.004471749,0.002245799,0.0008239618,0.00086723705,0.004940617,0.083385766,0.8358446,0.00757286,0.04489465,0.0035608984],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000011310196,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.5822098e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.11329787,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023673102,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000052860403,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99986035},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2038540502","doi":"10.1117/12.876767","title":"Simulating enhanced photo carrier collection in the multifinger photogate active pixel sensors","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Pixel; Computer science; Computer vision","score_opus":0.013872916773114382,"score_gpt":0.22358481827257487,"score_spread":0.20971190149946048,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2038540502","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9908446,0.000036367885,0.000035073605,0.0001766345,0.00031574632,0.00065351214,0.00002812176,0.00015068316,0.0077592493],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9815133,0.0000476486,0.01783675,0.00006351084,0.00018532171,0.00016156897,0.000003871648,0.00007644856,0.00011158654],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9980209,3.8786492e-8,0.0006320675,0.0003403401,0.00054012536,0.0004665613],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99874365,0.0001846936,0.0002060982,0.00007260806,0.0007140788,0.00007889445],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005150848,0.00035765907,0.00037881258,0.00013922325,0.000102021084,0.00007828109,0.00068112585,0.00017832342,0.00002239073],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00038467714,0.00028423796,0.00044679106,0.00054819795,0.00016797036,0.00046414204,0.00006954533,0.0004872125,0.0000018413017],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013582763,0.000110399065,0.00030890544,0.00034021458,0.00035625673,2.683664e-7,0.0076637077,0.0026914252,0.96986634,0.017401889,0.0006947145,0.00043007714],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012765849,0.00014413142,0.0025047818,0.0003150786,0.00012193459,0.000015643664,0.008879268,0.22956267,0.7553571,0.00052927027,0.0007953455,0.0004981881],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004375535,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000013672774,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.22687125,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021159367,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000018047856,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99996096},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2038668471","doi":"10.1116/1.2190652","title":"Evaluation of complementary metal-oxide semiconductor based photodetectors for low-level light detection","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A Vacuum Surfaces and Films","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Photodetector; CMOS; Optoelectronics; Photodiode; Materials science; Chip; Photomultiplier; Detector; Image sensor; Integrated circuit; Semiconductor; Optics; Electrical engineering; Physics; Engineering","score_opus":0.021033099062541662,"score_gpt":0.2557952322646549,"score_spread":0.23476213320211323,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2038668471","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99494827,0.0010869225,0.0028726356,0.0002371869,0.00045185498,0.0002614424,0.00003491084,0.000073794705,0.00003295475],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99382204,0.000027630416,0.0060726316,0.00001373917,0.000026575673,0.000009056838,0.0000015363406,0.00001796749,0.000008834694],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99823177,0.000028441278,0.00058728823,0.00021222194,0.000610926,0.00032936712],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99874234,0.00006166269,0.0003063024,0.00019356607,0.0006373422,0.000058794278],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002012278,0.00018875446,0.0003556904,0.00092424924,0.00017505225,0.00003615941,0.00032718375,0.00011613492,0.000029872881],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007727073,0.00016079274,0.00010752269,0.00094965415,0.00030795988,0.0003840249,0.000034756806,0.0002260055,7.622317e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001658544,0.00004061896,0.0010632714,0.000034151162,0.00003808935,0.0000013257259,0.000043004828,0.00749048,0.9884664,0.000028140314,0.00009902627,0.0026789084],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009123263,0.00017054768,0.0034811585,0.00005574403,0.00016400422,0.000048162852,0.0003164812,0.14777707,0.8454437,0.0011622852,0.00031020708,0.00015830169],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000027507793,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004476027,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.14302267,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000120517325,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013195885,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.65569377},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2040136003","doi":"10.1007/s10470-008-9194-5","title":"A multisampling time-domain CMOS imager with synchronous readout circuit","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico","keywords":"Comparator; CMOS; Fixed-pattern noise; Pixel; Dynamic range; Frame rate; Computer science; Photodiode; Offset (computer science); Electronic engineering; Image sensor; Frame (networking); Time domain; Computer hardware; Voltage; Electrical engineering; Physics; Engineering; Artificial intelligence; Optics; Telecommunications; Computer vision","score_opus":0.011019928474396461,"score_gpt":0.1932828500463306,"score_spread":0.18226292157193416,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2040136003","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.85773945,0.0026311013,0.12580575,0.00003520029,0.000051854207,0.00023501918,0.000020476627,0.0008590973,0.012622034],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983255,0.00006741404,0.00091496494,0.00012615604,0.00010647016,0.000013306538,0.0000340225,0.00008902436,0.00032312536],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99842024,0.000030362851,0.00033515634,0.00042085373,0.00024912375,0.00054429367],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993681,0.000056530273,0.00006814117,0.00016588214,0.00016169941,0.00017968203],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013678397,0.00038266164,0.0003986772,0.00018535367,0.00039641996,0.0001715899,0.00015161466,0.00012191546,0.00011780692],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000013730796,0.0003124052,0.00005665547,0.00047547868,0.00024492046,0.00036964178,0.000013949004,0.00046049588,0.000047293626],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000051530078,0.00018904533,0.007196928,0.00061488786,0.00043693243,0.0015727757,0.010561964,0.013470037,0.3166658,0.00017679922,0.0013835704,0.64767975],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0068011247,0.0008800263,0.009884848,0.004647733,0.0005740995,0.010863987,0.0062682456,0.9005887,0.040803935,0.0026207427,0.009693562,0.0063730236],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007774499,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009650157,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.88711864,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008614029,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010791803,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999328},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2040181544","doi":"10.1117/12.812372","title":"Real-time development system for image processing engines","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Advanced Micro Devices (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Debugging; Software deployment; Flexibility (engineering); Process (computing); Focus (optics); Software; Real-time computing; Image processing; Software development; Embedded system; Image (mathematics); Software engineering; Operating system; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.007756089609647253,"score_gpt":0.216305100436484,"score_spread":0.20854901082683674,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2040181544","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9930229,0.000116727024,0.00024196443,0.0006402757,0.00023640042,0.0006899904,0.000035300596,0.0005720615,0.004444364],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5716662,0.00006537959,0.42673546,0.000044269065,0.0007303211,0.00023511601,0.0000216676,0.00015130977,0.0003503372],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9976865,8.626225e-9,0.0008197602,0.00037837014,0.0005536374,0.00056170375],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982079,0.00009129213,0.00022988519,0.000064874024,0.0012661965,0.00013983321],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00049898296,0.00043488745,0.00052522286,0.00013692699,0.00012214776,0.00018926123,0.0007901492,0.00018067597,0.0000045785337],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001927436,0.00038521373,0.00051056326,0.0003212424,0.00010383976,0.0005833207,0.000055120152,0.00022991562,0.0000033790957],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000053486627,0.0000689416,0.000024879113,0.0017880732,0.00026653855,1.645962e-7,0.00046033357,0.0006254954,0.92624277,0.06441269,0.0038518796,0.0022047653],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0016692609,0.00024127674,0.0006305433,0.0012984708,0.00023415117,0.000047048878,0.0017979138,0.28331578,0.70251137,0.00048408075,0.0068403897,0.00092971936],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000018665554,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.4107003e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4264935,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00030622972,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000040892504,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99986},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2040748600","doi":"10.1109/iedm.2008.4796668","title":"A 36&amp;#x00D7;48mm&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; 48M-pixel CCD imager for professional DSC applications","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalsa Corporation","funders":"","keywords":"Pixel; Physics; Computer science; Artificial intelligence; Optics","score_opus":0.015272685487894915,"score_gpt":0.24705285531088345,"score_spread":0.23178016982298852,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2040748600","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5094853,0.0018135136,0.38269225,0.0036243638,0.0014840682,0.0044751633,0.00043337364,0.005035866,0.09095611],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7818608,0.00018746027,0.0990063,0.0010023974,0.0014537013,0.0019190147,0.00037001332,0.00032939416,0.113870904],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9979899,0.000024780327,0.00047152129,0.000479466,0.00035235356,0.00068200246],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99874043,0.00017959528,0.000052696854,0.0006362962,0.00016342306,0.00022756837],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015480185,0.00038800822,0.0003569975,0.00017214713,0.00039132364,0.000054500942,0.00034786153,0.00017115512,0.00064557354],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000048990507,0.00035757612,0.00022833244,0.00036945558,0.00013138044,0.00025529522,0.00007605976,0.00029104197,0.0009672022],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000110438006,0.0007445842,0.0010840647,0.00052088505,0.00032409493,0.000016149486,0.0030809015,0.01085808,0.21243067,0.011746695,0.7423229,0.016760485],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011677616,0.000023431257,0.0014135239,0.000048855523,0.000051180454,0.0001010243,0.00013090389,0.03566875,0.0036341473,0.00079740724,0.9562254,0.00073761767],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009186666,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000021541087,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.28368595,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010014237,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008064357,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99988765},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2047343580","doi":"10.1117/12.717545","title":"Noise optimization of an active pixel sensor for real-time digital x-ray fluoroscopy","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Flicker noise; Noise (video); Computer science; Transistor; Amplifier; Noise generator; Effective input noise temperature; Shot noise; Noise floor; Electronic engineering; Electrical engineering; Noise measurement; Noise figure; Noise reduction; Artificial intelligence; Voltage; Telecommunications; Engineering","score_opus":0.006809410950599732,"score_gpt":0.22230572206539517,"score_spread":0.21549631111479545,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2047343580","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9935493,0.000025587045,0.001560225,0.0001947068,0.00023337948,0.0006773006,0.00020346961,0.00023093329,0.003325098],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5736677,0.000081423794,0.425003,0.000030884992,0.0006136288,0.00009179004,0.0000666638,0.00019242354,0.00025250754],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99783844,1.1394245e-8,0.0007822097,0.0003507455,0.0005478906,0.00048068594],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977412,0.00020583814,0.00029029528,0.00007610653,0.0015261791,0.00016038083],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00047832873,0.00036698164,0.00048425296,0.00015149308,0.0000663849,0.00010811387,0.0006156593,0.0002105589,0.000010394225],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00039202976,0.0003419583,0.0005379434,0.00032168996,0.00019600672,0.0009647769,0.000066515946,0.0002181609,0.0000012149043],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002471167,0.00015257437,0.00007012091,0.00057549245,0.00041121975,9.009513e-8,0.00040753497,0.022875676,0.95048004,0.023204237,0.0006853026,0.0008905777],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00135429,0.00038983332,0.00044673978,0.00025041087,0.00016601213,0.000010905376,0.0015109791,0.46337163,0.53091896,0.00033743551,0.00075900217,0.00048381113],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000042755382,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.4510865e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.44049597,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018146622,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000022411014,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99990326},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2047485186","doi":"10.1117/12.845561","title":"Electronic noise comparison of amorphous silicon current mode and voltage mode active pixel sensors for large area digital x-ray imaging","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Flicker noise; Flicker; Noise (video); Voltage; Silicon; Materials science; Noise generator; Pixel; Mode (computer interface); Y-factor; Optoelectronics; Amorphous silicon; Electrical engineering; Electronic engineering; Optics; Computer science; Physics; Noise figure; Engineering; Crystalline silicon; CMOS; Image (mathematics); Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.007359305357829586,"score_gpt":0.23935007460435329,"score_spread":0.2319907692465237,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2047485186","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9971761,0.00019787125,0.0005242031,0.00024945952,0.00031541742,0.0006144176,0.00033991996,0.0001655068,0.000417064],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9924742,0.00007195815,0.0069582085,0.00001184363,0.00023574306,0.000095368625,0.000023509861,0.000097507604,0.000031664713],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99784553,1.332533e-8,0.00067892787,0.0003889163,0.00046985073,0.00061678846],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99842167,0.00016906747,0.00027426993,0.0000753346,0.0009179065,0.000141757],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024503568,0.00040902334,0.0005660714,0.00013254491,0.00008110378,0.00012792954,0.0005407485,0.00014245618,0.00000415608],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00034748533,0.00037765573,0.0005032085,0.00019987261,0.00019205527,0.00066534436,0.00011154817,0.0006067897,5.338773e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001092984,0.00018748238,0.0012232818,0.0007423183,0.00032689303,4.2295095e-8,0.00070873497,0.002135274,0.8977877,0.09448108,0.00086314627,0.0014347673],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013106304,0.00012803395,0.0005290562,0.00020542524,0.00016103903,0.000010565302,0.0013880063,0.76048815,0.23094769,0.001184154,0.0031927894,0.00045443035],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000006220304,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.661166e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7583529,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013223157,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000028762837,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99986756},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2048485090","doi":"10.1109/ted.2012.2205690","title":"Analysis of Dynamic Range, Linearity, and Noise of a Pulse-Frequency Modulation Pixel","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"CMC Microsystems","keywords":"Linearity; Comparator; CMOS; Pixel; Electronic engineering; Dynamic range; Fixed-pattern noise; Noise (video); Image sensor; Bandwidth (computing); Computer science; Electrical engineering; Engineering; Telecommunications; Artificial intelligence; Voltage; Image (mathematics)","score_opus":0.007031546990228557,"score_gpt":0.235956764203837,"score_spread":0.22892521721360842,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2048485090","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9301295,0.0008676175,0.068526,0.000020725867,0.00009339729,0.00007529878,0.00002426875,0.000072149705,0.00019102507],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99928975,0.00023381428,0.0003956911,0.000008104309,0.000010980379,0.000006503762,0.000005186402,0.000017038632,0.000032914253],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993251,0.000021467591,0.00022224362,0.00010229577,0.0001303278,0.00019853996],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99966276,0.000046180932,0.000046577858,0.00015730974,0.00003988109,0.00004727647],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009491914,0.00011621343,0.0002361808,0.00038981336,0.000033902812,0.000008019122,0.000058733614,0.000056395933,0.000030858013],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000016029796,0.000119548444,0.000101803016,0.0006488946,0.00003216123,0.00019494754,3.4042466e-7,0.00012563994,0.000002054296],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006059938,0.0004497009,0.017967891,0.00041829178,0.0024091082,4.7858754e-7,0.0016278613,0.36908987,0.529017,0.00008108811,0.000005018154,0.07887315],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00037351393,0.000095118194,0.13158718,0.000040017923,0.001628511,0.0000035517667,0.0000689342,0.7690186,0.096800216,0.000043676013,0.00004375647,0.00029693794],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010474474,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00046565084,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.43221673,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003731947,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000072620346,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4875044},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2048939762","doi":"10.1007/s10470-009-9303-0","title":"A wide dynamic range CMOS PFM digital pixel sensor with in-pixel variable voltage reference","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Pixel; Voltage reference; Image sensor; CMOS; Dynamic range; Comparator; Dot pitch; Electronic engineering; Voltage; Computer science; Electrical engineering; Engineering; Computer vision","score_opus":0.007059769553674554,"score_gpt":0.19790734896272594,"score_spread":0.1908475794090514,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2048939762","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8447631,0.002426812,0.12689565,0.000084758925,0.0000457747,0.00025008604,0.00004546522,0.0005805722,0.024907775],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990383,0.000049370985,0.0002319953,0.00021598476,0.000025552137,0.000006090599,0.000043543423,0.00004103986,0.0003481428],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985543,0.000016011512,0.00032797342,0.00038895276,0.00020637663,0.0005064074],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994885,0.00005453966,0.000059197122,0.00014443298,0.0001236006,0.00012978326],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011524999,0.00034565138,0.00036258862,0.00021478967,0.00014233959,0.00040569168,0.00014928904,0.00012613276,0.000028321969],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000028433189,0.00027891077,0.00003072478,0.0006980586,0.00008187498,0.00063776143,0.000009299111,0.0005252142,0.000009314504],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009369378,0.0002157421,0.008362344,0.00040201627,0.00011446271,0.00032256232,0.0021216632,0.0071990867,0.12503198,0.00061926275,0.0001981275,0.8553191],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0046421518,0.00089097,0.024351314,0.0045036837,0.00023957017,0.0007690085,0.0051121907,0.9382385,0.0024350737,0.007432896,0.007935229,0.0034494183],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004833268,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000044579745,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9310394,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000087989385,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008361113,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999663},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2050486492","doi":"10.1117/12.628802","title":"Calibration of a saccadic camera system to adapt to lens distortions","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"York University; University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Computer vision; Artificial intelligence; Computer science; Saccadic masking; Image sensor; Distortion (music); Camera auto-calibration; Camera resectioning; Lens (geology); Human visual system model; Smart camera; Process (computing); Eye movement; Optics; Image (mathematics); Physics","score_opus":0.009380260664137342,"score_gpt":0.21254076126604912,"score_spread":0.2031605006019118,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2050486492","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99276465,0.000083300714,0.0005628587,0.0030690362,0.00027315557,0.000567054,0.00008986465,0.00023526486,0.0023547993],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9333704,0.000022493798,0.06571325,0.00010142531,0.0004414113,0.00012731104,0.000006134037,0.00007591445,0.00014163672],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99799365,1.3174388e-8,0.0007571107,0.00029727613,0.0005741053,0.00037786455],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998678,0.00006822447,0.00016159989,0.0000748917,0.00084007764,0.00017717593],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00029969978,0.0002968329,0.0004220754,0.0001740657,0.000061406965,0.00006753794,0.00062172825,0.00012886823,0.000009422348],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00022073393,0.0002766407,0.0004319186,0.00047437806,0.000080746635,0.00049054343,0.00008968071,0.00022131407,0.000004193654],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004924051,0.00007778095,0.00016262203,0.0007715167,0.00032569014,7.648749e-8,0.00086102274,0.02242798,0.70674837,0.25393364,0.013997789,0.00064427505],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012996766,0.00046308615,0.0015684144,0.0013831197,0.00033737815,0.000038188984,0.003865165,0.5097027,0.4462897,0.00014094426,0.03390018,0.0010114914],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000018038598,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":9.722172e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4872747,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00033961472,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000022232081,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999686},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2050563626","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2966.2004.07217.x","title":"A highly automated moving object detection package","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":42,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Herzberg Institute of Astrophysics","funders":"","keywords":"Limiting magnitude; Object detection; Limiting; Pipeline (software); Set (abstract data type); Physics; Data set; Magnitude (astronomy); False positive rate; Artificial intelligence; Computer science; Operator (biology); Algorithm; Computer vision; Pattern recognition (psychology); Telescope; Astrophysics","score_opus":0.004325606860608004,"score_gpt":0.180311593550514,"score_spread":0.17598598668990598,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2050563626","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9973262,0.000095317344,0.00020039175,0.00003734044,0.00042351344,0.00011107958,0.000011767945,0.00046536291,0.0013290505],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977643,1.1946793e-7,0.0020239481,0.000014640313,0.000056954555,0.0000054988172,0.0000014985006,0.000029780302,0.000103290644],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99915045,0.00004736041,0.00023303636,0.00015799401,0.00012424929,0.00028688097],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99954164,0.00006758334,0.000062406696,0.0002515402,0.000018336896,0.000058499438],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014050202,0.00016290232,0.00019011075,0.000011566711,0.00010230202,0.000036226123,0.0001992216,0.000082662475,0.000022724906],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003722916,0.00013015878,0.00030116425,0.00010354764,0.000080323596,0.00006931069,0.000040000356,0.0002198141,0.000015090897],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000036613865,0.000021342848,0.002392092,0.0000267216,0.000071046976,7.827239e-8,0.00021296728,0.99415135,0.0019914606,0.000009221312,0.0004930068,0.0006270462],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00025142488,0.000014955897,0.036818188,0.000019367362,0.000039786148,2.4061793e-8,0.00016950844,0.9275734,0.03393188,0.0000056313684,0.0010352038,0.00014065622],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008157031,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000218154,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.06657798,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013027537,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012989027,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5307721},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2052607000","doi":"10.1117/12.857926","title":"Upgraded GMOS-N science detectors: schedule and commissioning plans","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada; University of Toronto; Herzberg Institute of Astrophysics","funders":"","keywords":"Upgrade; Project commissioning; Detector; Computer science; Optics; Physics; Schedule; Telecommunications; Optoelectronics; Publishing","score_opus":0.008143836203641522,"score_gpt":0.21970494548894487,"score_spread":0.21156110928530336,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2052607000","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99534214,0.00006485377,0.000022947868,0.00074260525,0.00044965863,0.0002622795,0.000024948262,0.0002207623,0.0028697886],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9295984,0.000046037763,0.06985329,0.000037880116,0.00030219206,0.00003852696,0.0000021555504,0.000059793554,0.00006173569],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99813634,5.624938e-9,0.00046640218,0.00033866405,0.0005990911,0.00045949305],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987519,0.00010956146,0.00013412342,0.00006956696,0.00073665386,0.00019818806],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00057620794,0.00029763146,0.00031695561,0.00014647625,0.00016287992,0.00020816976,0.00085933384,0.00015289459,0.000010576586],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00056502386,0.00025462755,0.0002516632,0.00042652027,0.000565183,0.0006262507,0.00015609173,0.00056690624,0.0000013366438],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001441654,0.00003013771,0.00083738926,0.00024609943,0.00010028558,7.247915e-8,0.0002403709,0.00013991617,0.85977125,0.13748085,0.00061654154,0.0005226634],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010065885,0.00013208984,0.003373383,0.00032792662,0.00010461059,0.00005716602,0.0013892208,0.15568092,0.8310628,0.00118281,0.0051150024,0.0005674939],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000063309767,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.4917625e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.155541,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007701405,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000030007586,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999906},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2053056016","doi":"10.3390/jlpea1010059","title":"Power-Performance Tradeoffs in Wide Dynamic Range Image Sensors with Multiple Reset Approach","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Low Power Electronics and Applications","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Reset (finance); Dynamic range; Image sensor; Power (physics); Computer science; Power consumption; Image (mathematics); High dynamic range; Electronic engineering; Range (aeronautics); Wide dynamic range; CMOS; Variety (cybernetics); Dynamic demand; Embedded system; Real-time computing; Engineering; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.004475203864801739,"score_gpt":0.18854112463744863,"score_spread":0.18406592077264688,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2053056016","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97761357,0.0017640978,0.013323147,0.00011040981,0.000022098144,0.00023570932,0.000007991825,0.000041975254,0.006881013],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99423754,0.0008698694,0.004764752,0.000033908425,0.000013125156,0.000017782313,0.0000026097784,0.00003200483,0.000028382203],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991338,0.000013984002,0.00029642283,0.00012269153,0.00014113738,0.0002919218],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99955076,0.000041307954,0.00008480724,0.00017423046,0.00006705114,0.000081839935],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018245167,0.00014223372,0.0001948398,0.00014404413,0.000051170806,0.000026547368,0.00014611085,0.00004804642,0.000008727208],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000008074411,0.00011950475,0.000042072716,0.0002583902,0.000059109945,0.00020370206,0.000009124728,0.000405649,0.0000031998047],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.006567924,0.015030709,0.26910397,0.003947102,0.005033558,0.00084419997,0.08643323,0.15901406,0.29480276,0.04744971,0.015830107,0.09594265],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.020407323,0.003834389,0.27791095,0.0009628584,0.00048720872,0.006191882,0.0075810086,0.4062257,0.033865377,0.0038375384,0.23394154,0.0047541917],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000028736347,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008754641,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2609374,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008055291,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000036814763,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.48732623},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2055458634","doi":"10.1117/12.926409","title":"Persistence and charge diffusion in an E2V CCD42-90 deep-depletion CCD","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Spectrograph; Persistence (discontinuity); Diffusion; Charge (physics); Telescope; Physics; Detector; Optics; Optoelectronics; Astronomy; Spectral line; Particle physics","score_opus":0.012001956434850284,"score_gpt":0.2154952610207461,"score_spread":0.20349330458589582,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2055458634","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9971259,0.00034404278,0.000023418634,0.00049289194,0.0002809146,0.000313198,0.000015317662,0.0001482032,0.0012560833],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9819255,0.00021089977,0.01725005,0.000052491487,0.00036718787,0.000060553986,0.000007251013,0.00006650863,0.00005954999],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99831605,1.7075875e-8,0.0004809533,0.00027351239,0.00044207956,0.00048735837],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991822,0.0000651481,0.000121994744,0.000053739444,0.00040646803,0.00017045354],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00046737195,0.0002959987,0.00033210995,0.00012592475,0.00006284925,0.00008804716,0.00044509664,0.00016561597,0.000013202892],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017697434,0.000267269,0.00025280032,0.00026093936,0.00014398352,0.0009485636,0.00009456409,0.0003160144,0.0000021137816],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004966775,0.00019791456,0.013912587,0.000690984,0.00013801674,1.1247898e-7,0.0016373693,0.00024443617,0.86852837,0.11292935,0.00059079763,0.0010803808],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0039279014,0.00055234524,0.070673615,0.0011422724,0.00033006654,0.000104264655,0.009625968,0.73552567,0.16876537,0.0009211076,0.0066164387,0.0018149714],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007693832,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.2450287e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7352812,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001511808,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000078142875,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99997795},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2055949477","doi":"10.1109/dft.2014.6962103","title":"Improved correction for hot pixels in digital imagers","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Pixel; Computer vision; Artificial intelligence; Digital camera; Computer science; Interpolation (computer graphics); Digital image; Frame (networking); Image (mathematics); Image processing","score_opus":0.0037080945641891436,"score_gpt":0.18649730910538842,"score_spread":0.18278921454119929,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2055949477","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.67362005,0.000018716892,0.25421628,0.00008498281,0.0021968014,0.00028675358,0.000006343029,0.00082827435,0.06874182],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9974579,0.00000111155,0.0005269699,0.000035482768,0.000078737554,0.000009551435,0.0000052409373,0.000016403776,0.0018685623],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99968976,0.0000013357128,0.00007899302,0.000074901465,0.000025992878,0.00012899873],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998493,0.00004157203,0.000005526588,0.00006998251,0.000011131213,0.000022478329],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000039147853,0.00005997619,0.00006511119,0.000041096406,0.000011110723,0.00004442846,0.00003243769,0.000021312668,0.000012812377],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004366327,0.000057947265,0.000028073939,0.000054714365,0.00000819853,0.00013314503,0.000003945636,0.000043483014,0.000015244347],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000069146314,0.00007872217,0.0040201684,0.00013576819,0.000040599378,0.0000015001975,0.0006838563,0.022237489,0.16696705,0.000691968,0.049392916,0.7556808],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00046472956,0.000029318762,0.0010040179,0.00000909099,0.0000028000447,0.0000024795365,0.000087499015,0.9637297,0.020305255,0.00020912338,0.013996576,0.00015944958],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000017170256,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000021430853,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9414922,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002399219,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002044103,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2363021},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2056947512","doi":"10.1088/0031-9155/54/6/022","title":"Physical characterization and performance comparison of active- and passive-pixel CMOS detectors for mammography","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physics in Medicine and Biology","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba; CancerCare Manitoba","funders":"CancerCare Manitoba Foundation; Manitoba Medical Service Foundation","keywords":"Mammography; Characterization (materials science); Detector; Pixel; CMOS; Medical physics; Computer science; Materials science; Physics; Optics; Medicine; Optoelectronics; Artificial intelligence; Telecommunications; Internal medicine; Breast cancer","score_opus":0.06191702707599357,"score_gpt":0.32971866315453235,"score_spread":0.2678016360785388,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2056947512","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99752516,0.000108367094,0.0020407008,0.00012856608,0.000046661968,0.0000899523,0.0000074240243,0.000016687442,0.000036475245],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994105,0.00029861098,0.000075541066,0.000043453267,0.00013750631,0.0000041891503,0.000024333587,0.0000046221785,0.0000012419853],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996741,0.000007926401,0.000100701756,0.00009842435,0.000021870637,0.00009700751],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998376,0.000053568736,0.000029113326,0.00004207142,0.0000150805945,0.000022575347],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000021235668,0.00008149658,0.0002268104,0.000045895104,0.00002026638,0.0000020103334,0.00002179365,0.000030684252,3.2468895e-7],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000007832329,0.0000641959,0.0000103554285,0.00008277061,0.00011922523,0.000042411353,0.0000058377673,0.000071899354,4.237872e-8],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000028275837,0.00002152102,0.022186192,0.00006357133,0.000010079354,5.9826e-8,0.0009349711,0.0000108677605,0.4143203,0.00040599363,0.000007615025,0.5620105],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0030281004,0.0018903629,0.62528616,0.00025014934,0.00009157629,0.000005680364,0.00067307707,0.2594316,0.10208237,0.0050574965,0.0017726847,0.00043074743],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000025656789,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000010854129,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.60309994,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000032176804,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000015646343,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.26178327},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2057323617","doi":"10.1007/s10470-006-9184-4","title":"A new CMOS multimode digital pixel sensor dedicated to an implantable visual cortical stimulator","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Pixel; CMOS; Comparator; Photodiode; Image sensor; Electronic engineering; Computer science; Multi-mode optical fiber; Computer hardware; Electrical engineering; Voltage; Engineering; Artificial intelligence; Materials science; Telecommunications; Optoelectronics; Optical fiber","score_opus":0.008032048972918834,"score_gpt":0.23152417837355524,"score_spread":0.2234921294006364,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2057323617","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8087476,0.00033355618,0.18723741,0.00002382118,0.00005907783,0.00015793456,0.00004215047,0.0005989486,0.0027995016],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986784,0.0000041703884,0.0005666892,0.00013378756,0.0002074767,0.0000049582436,0.000118840995,0.00006592834,0.00021974828],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983693,0.000021831445,0.0003910464,0.00041030502,0.00024136958,0.0005661689],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999262,0.00004890883,0.000039745475,0.00011229845,0.00012189024,0.00041520575],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000871237,0.00033421858,0.0003433302,0.00017965563,0.00020392392,0.0005511053,0.00013090282,0.00013696992,0.000045992223],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000023110319,0.00029522067,0.000048228812,0.00047289993,0.00005739991,0.00052782986,0.000017924309,0.00036594376,0.000033650107],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007390019,0.00023020137,0.005613667,0.00015249343,0.00011222682,0.00009385526,0.000980866,0.04198791,0.3842268,0.00014803345,0.00440709,0.561973],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009779509,0.00021032763,0.0031659082,0.00024059213,0.00008694806,0.00021335064,0.0005932286,0.980846,0.00938379,0.00031455368,0.0031251293,0.00084225636],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00043862956,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005800131,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.93885803,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006309682,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010717854,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99995},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2058020757","doi":"10.1117/12.380097","title":"&lt;title&gt;Intelligent high-sensitivity CCD line scan camera with embedded image processing algorithms&lt;/title&gt;","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalsa Corporation","funders":"","keywords":"Firmware; Computer science; Thresholding; Image processing; Artificial intelligence; Computer hardware; Smart camera; Digital image processing; Controller (irrigation); Computer vision; Camera module; Field-programmable gate array; Grayscale; Algorithm; Embedded system; Image (mathematics)","score_opus":0.007143679059910669,"score_gpt":0.21398718432677089,"score_spread":0.2068435052668602,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2058020757","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95996594,0.00020829233,0.0002307809,0.00048778646,0.00020427738,0.0002649557,0.000044658875,0.00026462573,0.03832868],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8441149,0.000377367,0.15071939,0.00011712133,0.0011324498,0.00006902467,0.000025330823,0.00020883011,0.0032356177],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985251,2.3483505e-8,0.00037043277,0.00028269977,0.00046917037,0.00035259305],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99912596,0.00004349338,0.00009806944,0.000060471208,0.0005657543,0.00010627425],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023990413,0.0002938134,0.0003190239,0.00007651094,0.00006112693,0.00011027468,0.00032707295,0.000121963756,0.00025441268],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000067160196,0.0002453105,0.0002517002,0.00026876995,0.0001692176,0.00028028645,0.000040397004,0.00027811315,0.000039421648],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014785414,0.00030517066,0.00007035707,0.0015448311,0.0010202577,0.000003781326,0.00070992275,0.0044254195,0.7723862,0.113331236,0.046732895,0.05932205],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015838816,0.00033436078,0.0004734307,0.0010535307,0.00037815102,0.0001371033,0.000553936,0.63017136,0.2570837,0.00083619385,0.10600865,0.0013856816],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004522087,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.1917216e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.62574595,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013228678,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000026838497,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99999994},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2060446882","doi":"10.1117/12.2030682","title":"High resolution, high bandwidth global shutter CMOS area scan sensors","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalsa Corporation","funders":"","keywords":"CMOS; Shutter; Bandwidth (computing); High resolution; Computer science; Image resolution; Electrical engineering; Telecommunications; Engineering; Remote sensing; Optics; Artificial intelligence; Physics; Geology","score_opus":0.0071316170112132975,"score_gpt":0.19877563759974284,"score_spread":0.19164402058852956,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2060446882","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9921231,0.000105760715,0.00008346425,0.0029473612,0.0006190637,0.0006092909,0.000104710736,0.00038064836,0.003026561],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9469158,0.00008991584,0.051599707,0.00016242695,0.00064365356,0.00016498941,0.000018837864,0.00010393447,0.00030075407],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9972215,2.010289e-8,0.0008194951,0.00045728366,0.000815375,0.00068628666],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978724,0.00009313994,0.00021960009,0.00010431473,0.0014934817,0.00021704243],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003256999,0.0005019181,0.0005440303,0.000102414386,0.000107586995,0.00022386131,0.0009250511,0.0002549922,0.000086611464],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002691357,0.00043777516,0.00059917354,0.00047130583,0.00026928997,0.0007531193,0.00014385118,0.00039946777,0.000017111535],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000077952085,0.00017447167,0.0018357973,0.0009081159,0.0012246507,4.7479986e-7,0.00031092,0.009390045,0.42632195,0.47290847,0.085638896,0.0012082588],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006756176,0.0008124084,0.039280772,0.0017821885,0.00092639064,0.00019788736,0.00395738,0.521019,0.38354686,0.019747261,0.01832802,0.003645647],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009583078,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.0388877e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.511629,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00038439222,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000024410585,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998074},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2062404935","doi":"10.1049/iet-cds:20060217","title":"High dynamic range 2-TFT amplified pixel sensor architecture for digital mammography tomosynthesis","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IET Circuits Devices & Systems","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Pixel; Dynamic range; Thin-film transistor; Tomosynthesis; Computer science; Amplifier; Image sensor; Active matrix; Transistor; Dot pitch; Mammography; Digital mammography; Wide dynamic range; Electronic engineering; Materials science; CMOS; Optoelectronics; Artificial intelligence; Electrical engineering; Computer vision; Engineering; Medicine","score_opus":0.007486304831940838,"score_gpt":0.2079076193443349,"score_spread":0.20042131451239406,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2062404935","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.89661896,0.0029166115,0.08890257,0.000101622194,0.0031776398,0.0014486087,0.00071386294,0.0018320684,0.0042880382],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99860173,0.000015440162,0.00017760874,0.0000667696,0.0005008142,0.00006364185,0.00005665237,0.00015432244,0.00036299575],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99770445,0.000026738975,0.0005957469,0.00046937392,0.0003650314,0.0008386838],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984165,0.0006412167,0.00011593822,0.00052164984,0.00008767925,0.00021703685],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003367238,0.00045623526,0.0005559746,0.0003385581,0.0001324286,0.00037372293,0.0003570309,0.00019910294,0.000011001916],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005980936,0.00043801498,0.00029369275,0.00045565725,0.00006132962,0.00022523572,0.000020186844,0.0002343385,0.00007338642],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003622845,0.00071407453,0.05135158,0.020958064,0.0051190113,0.0005007744,0.011549986,0.14632134,0.12607118,0.0033584759,0.011046274,0.6226469],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0058729546,0.0005206017,0.0661765,0.005187973,0.0011754796,0.0016457018,0.010835013,0.056062154,0.0057090484,0.0008592143,0.8368887,0.009066685],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006817984,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00017866338,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8258424,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000100320234,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012461098,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998072},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2063078567","doi":"10.1155/2011/270908","title":"A DVP-Based Bridge Architecture to Randomly Access Pixels of High-Speed Image Sensors","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"EURASIP Journal on Embedded Systems","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; CMC Microsystems","keywords":"Computer science; Bridge (graph theory); Pixel; Architecture; Image (mathematics); Computer vision; Artificial intelligence; Computer architecture","score_opus":0.029950323190003878,"score_gpt":0.2578626071212084,"score_spread":0.22791228393120452,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2063078567","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9720454,0.00017759194,0.019120825,0.00013104049,0.0022864006,0.00050134934,0.00005096539,0.00028174714,0.0054046423],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99832475,0.000012343278,0.0006709916,0.00012333388,0.0005063115,0.000007247596,0.0000035925946,0.000114611816,0.00023679675],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.997439,0.0002908202,0.00086050906,0.00027953275,0.0005866336,0.000543463],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99846655,0.00019213588,0.00024753922,0.0004956823,0.00020663087,0.00039146878],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007117813,0.0004052623,0.000749027,0.00052783097,0.00010171326,0.00020962382,0.000586848,0.00010631019,0.00011090063],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015957453,0.00033738665,0.0002646336,0.0004355418,0.000054667213,0.00020493241,0.000029883047,0.00064069085,0.00012343992],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0020567619,0.00033919717,0.0012013488,0.000908266,0.00068691396,0.0012339138,0.009184966,0.7966949,0.15894398,0.00027055954,0.025136326,0.003342901],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.04932456,0.0029917404,0.07803367,0.009616721,0.000941866,0.007865725,0.0034767266,0.13225693,0.68166524,0.0007708848,0.025611185,0.0074447603],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000085227424,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000039720207,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.66443795,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009547071,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000044199085,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999078},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2064035035","doi":"10.1118/1.1843353","title":"Ghosting caused by bulk charge trapping in direct conversion flat-panel detectors using amorphous selenium","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Medical Physics","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":53,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan; Health Sciences Centre; Sunnybrook Health Science Centre","funders":"National Cancer Institute; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Ghosting; Trapping; Materials science; Detector; Selenium; Charge (physics); Optics; Physics","score_opus":0.015435640787185569,"score_gpt":0.21654165796879352,"score_spread":0.20110601718160795,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2064035035","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9953433,0.00050215964,0.0024433408,0.0001276206,0.0003634409,0.000096187265,0.000007825291,0.00039594353,0.00072014215],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99905276,0.000070142196,0.000064815,0.00017799051,0.0005164554,0.0000029055946,0.000012418881,0.00005659927,0.000045935725],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99861854,0.00002600405,0.00026788661,0.0002235866,0.0004086036,0.0004553989],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99952054,0.00010250868,0.000034139295,0.0001467186,0.000017068922,0.00017904656],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001736682,0.00020797466,0.00027519875,0.00005269492,0.00006732239,0.000022192844,0.00014509758,0.00011842145,0.00010204802],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000715824,0.00021902005,0.00006631869,0.00030735237,0.00005826465,0.00013842157,0.000029532424,0.0004398814,0.000052335316],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004001627,0.00037406702,0.01098689,0.000821825,0.00024182846,0.0002203912,0.008145095,0.023461407,0.7283459,0.000019997604,0.020022297,0.20732033],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009825373,0.000013857046,0.0002451711,0.00026274868,0.000026137479,0.0000083338955,0.000041453328,0.5734514,0.41680866,0.00001072591,0.0076858704,0.0004631178],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009890534,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000105969075,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.54999,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001738742,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003154382,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8931378},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2065486859","doi":"10.1116/1.1722219","title":"Noise performance of a current-mediated amplified pixel for large-area medical imaging","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A Vacuum Surfaces and Films","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo; Simon Fraser University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Noise (video); Pixel; Amplifier; Image noise; Image sensor; Materials science; Dark-frame subtraction; CMOS; Electronic engineering; Computer science; Optoelectronics; Artificial intelligence; Engineering; Image processing; Image (mathematics)","score_opus":0.00882099964699191,"score_gpt":0.2477039911471319,"score_spread":0.23888299150014,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2065486859","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9872886,0.0039475104,0.0068342136,0.00097594864,0.0006456151,0.00012944639,0.000026031112,0.00011656688,0.000036097557],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9959662,0.0013421464,0.0025951061,0.00003531466,0.000030021021,0.0000043946184,0.0000014998624,0.000019048588,0.0000062449635],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99809223,0.000007060978,0.0006062187,0.00022636232,0.0005071291,0.00056099833],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989806,0.00007140147,0.00024176978,0.00021322316,0.00030225908,0.00019077792],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00097268086,0.00020917975,0.00042962088,0.00080470287,0.00020261662,0.00004298598,0.00065467326,0.00013153278,0.000019721738],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021545847,0.00016890946,0.0000929714,0.001188941,0.00062457763,0.00047318925,0.000105334024,0.0005216881,0.0000030913782],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00019854547,0.0005485685,0.09564874,0.0005872677,0.00014759442,0.00006376986,0.0017936846,0.0054806825,0.8654669,0.0033251585,0.0011272368,0.02561184],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.015263696,0.0016257175,0.038352836,0.0030897527,0.00032357784,0.0029695746,0.0054801353,0.7010071,0.20360145,0.0058401283,0.020378342,0.0020676493],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000019687088,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002533726,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6955265,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000054590135,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00025270274,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6887928},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2067795404","doi":"10.1109/ted.2012.2231961","title":"A Quad-Sampling Wide-Dynamic-Range Pulse-Frequency Modulation Pixel","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"CMC Microsystems","keywords":"Pixel; Dynamic range; Sampling (signal processing); Quantization (signal processing); Wide dynamic range; Electronic engineering; Image resolution; High dynamic range; Image sensor; Computer science; Modulation (music); Engineering; Physics; Algorithm; Computer vision; Acoustics","score_opus":0.013095969413573168,"score_gpt":0.24700149172662644,"score_spread":0.23390552231305328,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2067795404","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6139414,0.00076640816,0.38279456,0.00010923204,0.0006267744,0.00015870132,0.00001080759,0.0006494677,0.0009426566],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982559,0.00012181706,0.001127198,0.00009627631,0.00009582792,0.000042943924,0.0000071426857,0.00007309633,0.00017979258],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99865943,0.000031867537,0.0002639136,0.0002029939,0.00021562612,0.00062618067],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99945,0.00009356092,0.000037067948,0.0002618633,0.000036116708,0.00012134014],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013883815,0.00025247765,0.00018956016,0.00021175829,0.00017381525,0.000053945394,0.00013427479,0.0001033752,0.000114501745],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000034313086,0.00026871375,0.00011679094,0.00034028676,0.000025124102,0.000583256,3.9628424e-7,0.0003707064,0.00016720427],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008066454,0.00064745767,0.004747128,0.00044161695,0.0005617247,0.0000039895986,0.0032744322,0.49876586,0.3531675,0.0004051198,0.00015724647,0.13774727],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0028512168,0.0005425598,0.07904327,0.0004889511,0.0007501704,0.00017700429,0.0007667605,0.68118626,0.21407925,0.0014063632,0.014376838,0.0043313582],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006716106,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003302248,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3843145,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019938409,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015283886,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999765},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2067936341","doi":"10.1007/bf03178378","title":"A CMOS image sensor method of focal spot size measurement","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Australasian Physical & Engineering Sciences in Medicine","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Polar Knowledge Canada","keywords":"Focal length; Optics; Image sensor; Monochrome; CMOS sensor; Cardinal point; Diaphragm (acoustics); Materials science; Full width at half maximum; CMOS; Physics; Optoelectronics; Acoustics; Lens (geology); Vibration","score_opus":0.018138000601090894,"score_gpt":0.28888508437048627,"score_spread":0.2707470837693954,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2067936341","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.92761534,0.000115935516,0.066432156,0.0015365996,0.00087856024,0.0003175204,0.000005345904,0.00041969412,0.0026788702],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9649027,0.000008564598,0.034745954,0.00002786521,0.00026335046,0.000009497751,5.831859e-7,0.000027923237,0.000013539928],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99800974,0.000019691865,0.0003768401,0.00031975232,0.000755007,0.0005189686],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993938,0.00015392364,0.0000383531,0.00023777451,0.00005010646,0.00012599594],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000631411,0.00027098888,0.00047796257,0.0001818465,0.00003281091,0.00001530169,0.00032704422,0.000052109852,0.000020133471],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003380641,0.00022901077,0.00008121912,0.00097402773,0.0003448379,0.00017675801,0.000025115169,0.00033623452,0.000009983733],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000046523874,0.00007830301,0.00014477073,0.00016625947,0.000027010774,0.000044096156,0.0012533875,0.45494568,0.5387816,0.0018546819,0.00013697757,0.0025625632],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0065078796,0.0011909037,0.05373988,0.003664436,0.00021330088,0.0002736418,0.002364017,0.39173684,0.530385,0.006331099,0.0015820893,0.0020109185],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007388216,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005013313,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.06320886,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015935635,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000035861154,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9338788},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2069115996","doi":"10.1118/1.3483096","title":"A solid‐state amorphous selenium avalanche technology for low photon flux imaging applications","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Medical Physics","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Health Sciences Centre; Thunder Bay Regional Research Institute; University of Toronto; Sunnybrook Health Science Centre","funders":"National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering; National Cancer Institute; National Institutes of Health","keywords":"Avalanche photodiode; Single-photon avalanche diode; Optoelectronics; Materials science; Avalanche diode; Avalanche breakdown; Amorphous solid; Optics; Electric field; Photon; Voltage; Breakdown voltage; Physics; Electrical engineering; Chemistry; Engineering; Detector","score_opus":0.0034356805813234264,"score_gpt":0.2358937997533067,"score_spread":0.23245811917198328,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2069115996","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.35141665,0.00016751679,0.637472,0.002201854,0.0013970652,0.0009521534,0.000070512506,0.0027835486,0.003538688],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9974508,0.000016193595,0.0012733884,0.00021297256,0.0005875649,0.00024167646,0.000027356687,0.000061032784,0.00012901553],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99904954,0.000003674764,0.00018149325,0.00020285844,0.00020033376,0.00036209548],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994125,0.000063366526,0.000025653091,0.00030960323,0.000054790857,0.00013409906],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008313115,0.00015413259,0.00018776528,0.000049000653,0.00007512071,0.000022944583,0.00025430365,0.00009359691,0.000053342537],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005114674,0.00015276685,0.00006757518,0.00024356185,0.00016379291,0.00005395302,0.00003537753,0.00054065284,0.00012078992],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011152202,0.00026176404,0.0018521775,0.00038453555,0.000091659684,0.000018390296,0.00040015634,0.00049612013,0.3444703,0.0027508768,0.026313115,0.6229498],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011943042,0.00002097555,0.00011471377,0.00007128222,0.000050571183,0.000057387555,0.00007246623,0.17630687,0.6637607,0.043898277,0.113820784,0.00063161406],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000425523,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007995756,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6460341,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000021266009,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000037798705,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.62296516},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2069477605","doi":"10.1109/cicc.2006.320945","title":"ViPro: Focal-Plane Spatially-Oversampling CMOS Image Compression Sensor","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Oversampling; Pixel; Quantization (signal processing); Discrete cosine transform; Cardinal point; Computer science; Artificial intelligence; Computer vision; Data compression; CMOS; Frame rate; Algorithm; Electronic engineering; Engineering; Image (mathematics); Optics; Physics","score_opus":0.005105835870121395,"score_gpt":0.1945105519231172,"score_spread":0.1894047160529958,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2069477605","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7112186,0.0001902672,0.12350103,0.00020587399,0.0008237089,0.00027623176,0.000034194636,0.002323627,0.16142644],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97965235,0.000010592801,0.018019577,0.00007606311,0.00031937478,0.0000038432777,0.000044318687,0.000051651245,0.0018222489],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991324,0.00000816553,0.0002064898,0.0001805859,0.00016688577,0.00030545823],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996246,0.000054189357,0.000019982064,0.00021524994,0.000027261101,0.00005869305],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000049409147,0.00017762977,0.00016497656,0.000056971345,0.000066138244,0.00006211358,0.00009533463,0.00006118744,0.00043563772],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000008086686,0.00016266484,0.000054955657,0.00009227072,0.00002953588,0.00011139988,0.000024804756,0.00014733309,0.00032177244],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000020629383,0.00006944113,0.0017682373,0.00013722153,0.000036448,0.00008936013,0.000116974275,0.08658223,0.8553318,0.000974839,0.04843706,0.0064357826],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0016639952,0.0000436284,0.006820768,0.00014934666,0.000054132564,0.000083626255,0.00015837775,0.46957666,0.43475205,0.0010271397,0.08449566,0.0011745931],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004157304,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000052462663,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.42057973,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003740513,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000053842855,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.663328},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2070819063","doi":"10.1109/newcas.2009.5290457","title":"Dark current compensation in CMOS image sensors using a differential pixel architecture","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Integrator; Pixel; Compensation (psychology); Linearity; CMOS; Dark current; Dynamic range; Computer science; Differential amplifier; Electronic engineering; Differential (mechanical device); Amplifier; Current (fluid); Image sensor; Electrical engineering; Engineering; Artificial intelligence; Detector; Telecommunications; Bandwidth (computing)","score_opus":0.010503775903668236,"score_gpt":0.24117936816582486,"score_spread":0.23067559226215661,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2070819063","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96498734,0.000067667475,0.031748343,0.0000930868,0.0002898304,0.00012579211,0.0000037134596,0.00028409457,0.0024001326],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969208,0.0000103231605,0.002867629,0.00003050876,0.00011466801,9.818345e-7,0.000010303613,0.000018658866,0.000026081558],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992237,0.000023366676,0.00019581564,0.00015924312,0.000136034,0.00026181163],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997431,0.000017416078,0.000016897882,0.0001536817,0.000015276446,0.000053622127],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000037387366,0.00016611099,0.00016292027,0.00014356553,0.00003295269,0.00005172416,0.0000758732,0.000037899994,0.00006445446],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009734025,0.00015617209,0.000052728774,0.0001682388,0.000019841767,0.000079460515,0.000010706846,0.00024398942,0.000017938142],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003028438,0.0001612735,0.0011621502,0.000095100826,0.000021782218,0.00002492895,0.0019019864,0.14735468,0.733958,0.00050835864,0.00078108645,0.114000365],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013759801,0.000035114277,0.047993377,0.00017585664,0.000028455243,0.000051561092,0.00016382619,0.9292479,0.016677609,0.0017333218,0.0017548752,0.000762103],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000016946273,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001697049,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.78189325,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000068789566,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007201052,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6368513},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2071435687","doi":"10.1109/cvpr.2010.5540166","title":"Sensor saturation in Fourier multiplexed imaging","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Multiplexing; Computer science; Dynamic range; Fourier transform; Image sensor; Computer vision; Iterative reconstruction; Transmission (telecommunications); Modulation (music); Artificial intelligence; Optics; Telecommunications; Physics; Acoustics","score_opus":0.0026898895621540325,"score_gpt":0.18622646636656404,"score_spread":0.18353657680441,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2071435687","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98109925,0.000015571459,0.00044015332,0.0002685671,0.00058148825,0.00006739857,9.908074e-7,0.00037987344,0.01714673],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9892068,0.0000021022065,0.010123987,0.00007324138,0.00009885216,0.0000029738565,0.0000031742675,0.000018286059,0.00047060614],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995888,0.0000045950037,0.00010356498,0.00008764719,0.00006225261,0.00015317646],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999796,0.000023235321,0.0000060195102,0.00013056859,0.000012784442,0.000031394407],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000056485238,0.00007621193,0.00006367239,0.00006931474,0.000016731616,0.00003198159,0.000043343036,0.000027400649,0.00014185738],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000029108594,0.00007242279,0.000020476047,0.00009060108,0.000013917323,0.000121571524,0.000006783813,0.0001992626,0.000074095966],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000026877315,0.000010032908,0.01510355,0.0000107114965,0.0000039661677,0.000014212054,0.000355574,0.002250417,0.9436387,0.00047164885,0.0016603402,0.03647818],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005997565,0.000002035678,0.0635542,0.000010569064,0.0000039608826,0.000027128506,0.00021364141,0.8485049,0.06664349,0.00018284793,0.019950073,0.00030739707],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004225062,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002491158,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8769952,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000124403205,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000033941758,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.29533157},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2072248344","doi":"10.1109/jsen.2011.2179290","title":"High and Low Light CMOS Imager Employing Wide Dynamic Range Expansion and Low Noise Readout","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Sensors Journal","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"CMC Microsystems","keywords":"Dynamic range; Pixel; Amplifier; CMOS; High dynamic range; Wide dynamic range; Image sensor; Noise (video); CMOS sensor; Electronic engineering; Computer science; Physics; Optics; Engineering; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.007704342964509559,"score_gpt":0.1958068033587594,"score_spread":0.18810246039424985,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2072248344","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99672955,0.0007086484,0.0005500255,0.00015235165,0.001051119,0.0001101177,0.000006943517,0.00019610178,0.0004951517],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9962376,0.0008270974,0.002080904,0.00010181632,0.00023481098,0.000001862942,0.0000011493639,0.000092358656,0.0004224106],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986264,0.000056996978,0.0003701512,0.00025250428,0.0002300493,0.00046390068],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999276,0.00006113994,0.00008189317,0.0002247294,0.00007193264,0.00028429393],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002112152,0.0003088067,0.00032887285,0.00020515313,0.00019944862,0.00014982355,0.000113121416,0.000111427085,0.00008376317],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000038128273,0.00027939645,0.00008033772,0.00011853557,0.00008670851,0.00037577355,0.000023764303,0.0005437887,0.00004350377],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00027610798,0.00016192759,0.01755971,0.0004991865,0.00035564354,0.0028507493,0.016088359,0.004608467,0.9168534,0.00002113813,0.009996906,0.030728353],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.014570062,0.0006254054,0.25559506,0.0045771096,0.00089863734,0.021739377,0.0036422068,0.18891159,0.496443,0.0027471113,0.004045341,0.006205107],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000029853636,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000010494566,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.42041045,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006212462,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014692655,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99996585},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2072291720","doi":"10.1117/12.839157","title":"Enhanced sensitivity achievement using advanced device simulation of multifinger photo gate active pixel sensors","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Sensitivity (control systems); Pixel; Computer science; Logic gate; Electronic engineering; Materials science; Optoelectronics; Engineering; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.011107450849767315,"score_gpt":0.24401185679922086,"score_spread":0.23290440594945355,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2072291720","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.997478,0.000019770296,0.0003363002,0.00016714199,0.00044147874,0.0005598185,0.00006699421,0.00015499968,0.00077549985],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.93613917,0.000018539069,0.06345096,0.000026442005,0.00020957712,0.000032411983,0.0000064557876,0.00008146519,0.000034964098],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9978855,3.3382832e-8,0.0007110241,0.0003672695,0.00060853735,0.00042759746],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9976662,0.00024599303,0.00035749946,0.00008382221,0.0015305025,0.000116006624],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00048469554,0.00038693883,0.00049533305,0.00012602801,0.000079205245,0.0000557597,0.0003837386,0.00020194381,0.000010107207],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00048439615,0.00036488948,0.0004928982,0.00033442656,0.00020151997,0.0005896785,0.00010053341,0.0004947603,0.0000011147155],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009849013,0.00009121919,0.000067274894,0.00046034218,0.0003279552,8.762611e-8,0.00044994886,0.1006025,0.8889511,0.0077593327,0.000029163837,0.0011625518],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005160259,0.00004372393,0.0004827503,0.00015174563,0.0000773159,0.0000037651434,0.0005055896,0.45872468,0.5389628,0.00006454407,0.00024401522,0.0002230304],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000013203332,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":8.942975e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3581222,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015590427,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002044234,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998803},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2073706747","doi":"10.1117/12.806110","title":"The implementation and spectrum response analysis of multi-finger photogate APS pixels","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Pixel; Computer science; Spectrum (functional analysis); Artificial intelligence; Computer vision; Physics","score_opus":0.009096409037472863,"score_gpt":0.24679997549462848,"score_spread":0.23770356645715562,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2073706747","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99721694,0.00019703167,0.00006525544,0.0016083297,0.00012261722,0.0003336184,0.000051309697,0.00009287601,0.00031202406],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98444605,0.00024678704,0.015003567,0.000053277796,0.00009556548,0.000033110897,0.000006358973,0.00003667261,0.00007862287],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982896,3.1994727e-8,0.00065015495,0.00025460147,0.00045493766,0.00035071335],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99888974,0.000202268,0.00023785711,0.00006632212,0.00051908236,0.00008470505],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007569951,0.00026267977,0.00039444596,0.0001795224,0.0000973907,0.00010849709,0.0004919983,0.00009693432,0.000008331979],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021347619,0.00020386429,0.00050267414,0.0006014404,0.00016892653,0.0003036658,0.000058806036,0.00021758054,4.374188e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00019267405,0.000061246945,0.0007145669,0.00014660179,0.0015774735,9.7526815e-8,0.0007266407,0.0013291903,0.92303187,0.06992574,0.0007697582,0.001524133],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0023176956,0.0004956353,0.04436362,0.00022375915,0.0015800067,0.000015328655,0.005748581,0.37024814,0.56954986,0.0015828209,0.0031451588,0.00072937366],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000011676782,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":9.886984e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.36891896,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000108287546,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013899063,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8313345},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2074677988","doi":"10.1109/tcsi.2013.2239115","title":"CMOS Tunable-Color Image Sensor With Dual-ADC Shot-Noise-Aware Dynamic Range Extension","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I Regular Papers","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Dynamic range; Image sensor; Wide dynamic range; CMOS; Pixel; Materials science; Electronic circuit; High dynamic range; Optoelectronics; Computer science; Optics; Electrical engineering; Physics; Engineering","score_opus":0.008945208726055684,"score_gpt":0.1912464336203322,"score_spread":0.18230122489427653,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2074677988","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9513439,0.0006892676,0.040185902,0.0002521404,0.0016940003,0.0015737958,0.000094370924,0.0010256887,0.0031409482],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9959879,0.00017481841,0.00007344575,0.00007357263,0.000055503995,0.00016091553,0.000006714954,0.00012241841,0.0033446911],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982103,0.00007382829,0.0003582902,0.00049206556,0.00035436256,0.0005111371],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989589,0.000075497504,0.000052916985,0.0005033772,0.00011686406,0.0002924502],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012879616,0.00041926405,0.0004556471,0.00019452382,0.00029066505,0.00021698851,0.00009929545,0.00017044685,0.00012761427],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000036307915,0.0003484662,0.00011949299,0.00026232903,0.00012741462,0.00030277146,0.0000010405298,0.00031491826,0.00012277147],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000045211542,0.00016628455,0.000062322455,0.001133466,0.0005129263,0.00022782151,0.0016941801,0.14531891,0.81933767,0.000027980848,0.0015164026,0.0299568],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.009276348,0.0009851389,0.007037044,0.0028433304,0.00096573075,0.0040196837,0.015964651,0.9107523,0.029667329,0.000028956785,0.013637192,0.0048223124],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00017361541,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000041408934,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.78967035,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012572252,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000027567283,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998967},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2076628454","doi":"10.3169/itej.62.368","title":"A Wide Dynamic Range CMOS Image Sensor with Improved Heat-Resistance and Image Quality at High Temperatures","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of The Institute of Image Information and Television Engineers","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Hatch (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Materials science; Video Graphics Array; Optoelectronics; Dynamic range; Pixel; CMOS; Layer (electronics); Image sensor; Spectral line; Wide dynamic range; Optics; Composite material; Physics","score_opus":0.0035867201141600385,"score_gpt":0.19495726527787932,"score_spread":0.1913705451637193,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2076628454","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9897293,0.00050736795,0.00814628,0.00081313716,0.00028383592,0.00020200951,0.000030465613,0.00004720727,0.00024041068],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9907838,0.0009525226,0.007991242,0.00013576956,0.000030878764,0.0000012103196,0.0000034547868,0.000015825717,0.00008527088],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988471,0.000040143812,0.0005766124,0.00005773582,0.00031111762,0.00016729103],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991105,0.00010480689,0.00021875462,0.00024864354,0.00023496717,0.00008230977],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004175881,0.00020582935,0.00029513062,0.00011989174,0.00020632577,0.00005888306,0.00020461569,0.000043845754,0.000006712737],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001894012,0.00011305654,0.000076012846,0.00019579695,0.00036735757,0.0014969925,0.000046956848,0.00031915196,0.0000021353965],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0029498034,0.00013483636,0.0011369735,0.003110602,0.00095647044,0.00011048571,0.023861496,0.07568395,0.86666185,0.0003408774,0.01816457,0.0068880883],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.032616213,0.0009270943,0.25765675,0.0044372734,0.0012413581,0.011230312,0.009402278,0.25592223,0.35724664,0.0003639442,0.06479845,0.00415748],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002749896,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000013991155,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5094152,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000072941715,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000037377442,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4610312},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2076702782","doi":"10.3758/bf03195363","title":"Millisecond timing on PCs and Macs","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":35,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Window (computing); Human multitasking; Operating system; OpenGL; Graphics; Real-time computing; Millisecond; Embedded system; Visualization; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.18917427999886458,"score_gpt":0.46374064557207295,"score_spread":0.27456636557320835,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2076702782","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9903708,0.00019002108,0.005513382,0.00013213375,0.0007667811,0.00040620987,0.000012375513,0.00023246912,0.0023758048],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8015869,0.0007620242,0.19627875,0.00017941129,0.00025088104,0.00010502253,0.000027584412,0.00013334281,0.0006760295],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99763054,0.0003592218,0.00029946936,0.00042786938,0.0005199518,0.000762966],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988732,0.00030818774,0.00002566873,0.0004378468,0.00006743937,0.00028769817],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010764179,0.0002545085,0.00027061361,0.00044198465,0.00024082292,0.00021514128,0.00032821274,0.00009468202,0.000103094164],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000053786047,0.00026230246,0.00006938029,0.00043544953,0.00019175025,0.00018335025,0.00017396246,0.0006833013,0.00005221644],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000019042991,0.000073149095,0.0074772756,0.000040939136,0.000035542063,0.000109660294,0.00031823796,0.00029500414,0.008570904,0.00012102007,0.0022627057,0.98067653],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0071043535,0.0012268422,0.14243516,0.0011336078,0.00017849964,0.0012350634,0.0032792105,0.1737902,0.09905726,0.0014207353,0.5654815,0.003657594],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007980176,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000059418294,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.97701895,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018296312,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000021437665,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999829},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2077124017","doi":"10.1117/12.704519","title":"A diffractive multispectral image sensor with on- and off-die signal processing and on-die optics in 0.18-micron CMOS","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Optics; Monochromatic color; Multispectral image; Image sensor; Die (integrated circuit); Signal processing; Optical filter; Computer science; Physics; Digital signal processing; Computer hardware; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.007970859879928736,"score_gpt":0.22489642705843535,"score_spread":0.2169255671785066,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2077124017","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9959433,0.00018316819,0.00007946941,0.0004922969,0.000063619766,0.00046469428,0.000027054557,0.00012443967,0.0026219734],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9330057,0.00017974456,0.06630145,0.00007796142,0.00023318778,0.000037974594,0.00000323254,0.00009828458,0.000062451305],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99806213,2.0735339e-8,0.00050877745,0.0004126713,0.0004901626,0.000526222],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99895126,0.00021043154,0.00016650902,0.000045017045,0.0004781704,0.00014864226],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00041981458,0.00041379078,0.00042511997,0.00017850743,0.000076475495,0.00014326781,0.00029546258,0.00015930535,0.0000035680498],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013553389,0.00034215735,0.00016360219,0.00020939743,0.00030353226,0.00044613518,0.00006355377,0.00055334833,7.0569257e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00069660874,0.00029843024,0.0016464043,0.0012682253,0.00045736725,0.0000055324886,0.0016253382,0.0013005268,0.95048124,0.034694448,0.00033752908,0.0071883784],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006528905,0.0016209584,0.026907323,0.002712308,0.0002963342,0.00016589425,0.009168875,0.41470075,0.53421164,0.00080216717,0.0011546903,0.0017301554],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007657724,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000010637774,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.41626957,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018824845,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000017124212,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999903},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2078604201","doi":"10.1116/1.2183298","title":"High dynamic range pixel architecture for advanced diagnostic medical x-ray imaging applications","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A Vacuum Surfaces and Films","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Pixel; Dynamic range; Linearity; Noise (video); Wide dynamic range; Dot pitch; Amplifier; High dynamic range; Image resolution; Photodiode; Transistor; Physics; Computer science; CMOS; Electronic engineering; Optics; Optoelectronics; Voltage; Artificial intelligence; Engineering","score_opus":0.0018723516974592724,"score_gpt":0.21324132309738186,"score_spread":0.21136897139992258,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2078604201","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.90535223,0.0055321665,0.08367956,0.0044671376,0.00039961247,0.00028269898,0.000022707105,0.00021444006,0.000049466358],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97496504,0.00048182203,0.024334583,0.00006047002,0.000059776212,0.000032433836,0.000002059016,0.000026102052,0.00003769763],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99832916,0.000010028443,0.00048627015,0.00027407063,0.00039667578,0.0005037987],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990038,0.00027421876,0.00016911769,0.00023989168,0.00017450267,0.0001384417],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00054521876,0.00021969581,0.0003608385,0.00069059746,0.00029971547,0.00007307458,0.00064060366,0.00013751039,0.000016557655],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016156834,0.00017940982,0.00008631493,0.0010247438,0.00075193535,0.000276831,0.000074240124,0.0005056854,0.0000029402318],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000078947734,0.0003535545,0.020168854,0.00029510964,0.00011833032,0.00014240993,0.00040442598,0.07303731,0.7512737,0.007166582,0.002258751,0.144702],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.015484884,0.0014616147,0.09093127,0.0017885306,0.0007641022,0.0070525142,0.00456938,0.5585736,0.05754548,0.14510046,0.112334944,0.0043932274],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005895616,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000014543473,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6937282,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000056693065,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009515449,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.731612},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2078640073","doi":"10.3169/itej.64.335","title":"A Mulitiple-Exposure, Linear Response, Wide-Dynamic-Range CMOS Image Sensor Combining Electric-charge Voltage Conversions in Pixel Capacitor and Column Capacitor","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of The Institute of Image Information and Television Engineers","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Hatch (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Capacitor; CMOS; Pixel; Image sensor; Dynamic range; Voltage; Photoelectric effect; Electrical engineering; Wide dynamic range; Materials science; Optoelectronics; Electronic engineering; Physics; Optics; Engineering","score_opus":0.0036456287345246635,"score_gpt":0.1958896695535215,"score_spread":0.19224404081899682,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2078640073","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9888557,0.00013778103,0.008912916,0.00049035036,0.0010937569,0.00025093896,0.000035442386,0.000043290085,0.0001798255],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9971208,0.0002820331,0.0023687172,0.00011193486,0.000054105236,0.0000016991125,0.000002589407,0.000018659328,0.000039452298],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.998584,0.00005992852,0.0007265657,0.00006489259,0.00032869002,0.00023597006],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99878216,0.0003477449,0.00027884063,0.0002490934,0.00022295259,0.000119192075],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011162168,0.00021023957,0.0003084689,0.00035147357,0.00015133392,0.00007338762,0.00027704885,0.00009921165,0.000014638929],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00093564554,0.00014467479,0.000093403374,0.0003579423,0.00023405114,0.00144755,0.00004815132,0.0008315229,0.0000063296197],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008036493,0.0000778825,0.0010804478,0.0004594952,0.00017285442,0.000024546254,0.013477032,0.0068514426,0.9636965,0.0002228822,0.0029267184,0.010206577],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.010246295,0.00053512224,0.035326123,0.0011146902,0.00029615327,0.0017444373,0.00674131,0.81492054,0.062968634,0.00011660579,0.06478593,0.0012041713],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002930762,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009456483,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9007278,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005721174,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006721028,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.58996665},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2078841973","doi":"10.1109/memea.2013.6549731","title":"A fast quench-reset integrated circuit for high-speed single photon detection","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Canada Research Chairs; Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada","keywords":"Reset (finance); Avalanche photodiode; Photon counting; CMOS; Computer science; Schematic; Application-specific integrated circuit; Integrated circuit; Detector; Electronic circuit; Electronic engineering; Physics; Optoelectronics; Electrical engineering; Computer hardware; Engineering; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.012095218980136435,"score_gpt":0.18901994859182597,"score_spread":0.17692472961168954,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2078841973","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.93131435,0.000034567987,0.05806575,0.00007271071,0.00051815493,0.00043866117,0.000014094185,0.0010119617,0.008529768],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99775493,0.000004183441,0.0006127188,0.00005874029,0.00007609373,0.00004244303,0.000023086413,0.00003843647,0.001389355],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99937165,0.000007655688,0.0001527427,0.00014478061,0.000077556935,0.0002456352],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996622,0.000034889632,0.000015155907,0.00015279684,0.00007581635,0.000059148948],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000040220715,0.0001353849,0.00012516801,0.00008272155,0.000044653105,0.00008764558,0.0000774614,0.00006343333,0.00045885963],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000028624856,0.00012069169,0.000047878264,0.00016069146,0.000019227036,0.00020280798,0.000006955495,0.00009593273,0.00021778676],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000035072521,0.00002172846,0.000023616123,0.00002998928,0.000025965768,6.7732805e-7,0.00013665622,0.0008889055,0.96036905,0.0001814032,0.0039494764,0.034369033],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004937296,0.00007568972,0.00043665143,0.000028774317,0.000014228465,0.000009228123,0.00027177276,0.115316644,0.87645644,0.001302589,0.0053095054,0.00028473372],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010185707,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00019434324,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.11442774,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000097064156,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000054860666,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5024191},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2079643802","doi":"10.1107/s0108767305088914","title":"Structural insights into GnT-I substrate recognition and specificity","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations of Crystallography","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; University of Toronto","funders":"Biological and Environmental Research; National Institutes of Health; U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Substrate specificity; Substrate (aquarium); Psychology; Computational biology; Computer science; Chemistry; Biology; Biochemistry; Enzyme; Ecology","score_opus":0.014604447919048906,"score_gpt":0.21875054301594563,"score_spread":0.2041460950968967,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2079643802","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9940381,0.00047054168,0.0013141208,0.00020260393,0.00036698874,0.0002974951,0.000024443116,0.00057635125,0.0027093333],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.995931,0.00090553274,0.0026414662,0.000045124332,0.00021370577,0.000028847715,0.00017147843,0.000051143485,0.000011654345],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99834776,0.0000648401,0.00058989384,0.00038675623,0.00028434696,0.0003263782],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990464,0.00009014899,0.00014733052,0.00035029245,0.00020427603,0.00016155162],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013781773,0.00033939065,0.00032140786,0.0012607547,0.00030703194,0.00014092303,0.00017699931,0.000187471,0.0001458975],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000027066257,0.00036203058,0.0002289706,0.0014653204,0.00046847892,0.0007705967,0.000033885288,0.00034363868,0.000001151716],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009520391,0.00018207754,0.011118278,0.0002909891,0.00057928846,0.0000047156245,0.0024546492,0.0030941141,0.9568363,0.0006929362,0.0006967057,0.02395476],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005735439,0.000864274,0.32979253,0.0003972152,0.0007768019,0.00035795313,0.004334643,0.042574197,0.008020791,0.06583827,0.5368329,0.0044749593],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000096771095,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008121204,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.94881546,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004327921,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001927335,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998832},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2081114522","doi":"10.1109/iccd.2012.6378649","title":"Phase-based passive stereovision systems dedicated to cortical visual stimulators","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Field-programmable gate array; Computer vision; Artificial intelligence; Phase (matter); Cover (algebra); Phase correlation; Computer hardware; Engineering; Mathematics","score_opus":0.01249729764411813,"score_gpt":0.2842052991517998,"score_spread":0.2717080015076817,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2081114522","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9343091,0.00006223912,0.062527426,0.00005444872,0.0008279502,0.00019987862,0.000006007524,0.0007025432,0.0013103987],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991544,8.1057254e-7,0.00031667843,0.00015392681,0.0002003658,0.000011547569,0.000009989545,0.000039446142,0.000112831105],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99899817,0.000027488868,0.00022013541,0.00012477601,0.00021641536,0.00041303135],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993352,0.00008545822,0.000014042708,0.0001587423,0.00003376926,0.00037276227],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008818809,0.00015669735,0.00017323594,0.00010194442,0.000045648536,0.00004292827,0.00007925142,0.00006485132,0.00012548987],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000037375623,0.00013346583,0.00004232725,0.00019890133,0.000019020768,0.0001028245,0.000016455853,0.00012815671,0.00048620554],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00047292965,0.004565914,0.03219813,0.0008110029,0.0005844737,0.00010899555,0.0026647726,0.27661812,0.4354526,0.0036206658,0.11860465,0.12429774],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002144903,0.00022647814,0.003980486,0.00008001757,0.000047257043,0.000008604669,0.0002587443,0.95334315,0.026122557,0.0000015538678,0.0133147035,0.00047153342],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001740613,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.294492e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.67672503,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000072025505,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010804806,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6249351},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2081509258","doi":"10.1117/12.426947","title":"High-speed VGA CMOS image sensor","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalsa Corporation","funders":"","keywords":"Video Graphics Array; Image sensor; Computer science; Rolling shutter; Shutter; Pixel; Computer hardware; CMOS; Frame rate; CMOS sensor; Artificial intelligence; Computer vision; Electronic engineering; Field-programmable gate array; Optics; Engineering","score_opus":0.008619941694296751,"score_gpt":0.21442164667946037,"score_spread":0.20580170498516362,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2081509258","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9901325,0.000119041055,0.000064417894,0.0018525008,0.00055148866,0.00046188312,0.000058417558,0.00043261686,0.0063271415],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.85123104,0.00042957833,0.14536671,0.00019208153,0.0013864983,0.000101534286,0.00002153716,0.00025448308,0.0010165055],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99743503,1.103953e-8,0.0007830826,0.00041561894,0.00073594466,0.0006302904],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99819976,0.0001260817,0.0002087418,0.00009364816,0.0011887432,0.00018304553],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004101085,0.0004726006,0.0005467461,0.00014311537,0.000092346905,0.00017486807,0.00093517825,0.00021894337,0.00004769819],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00033053174,0.00042242446,0.00070384593,0.0004774277,0.0002473102,0.0006618433,0.0001249839,0.00046058765,0.000012586951],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000066691784,0.00009431252,0.00031855013,0.0004639058,0.00051304034,7.312061e-7,0.0002267193,0.0012381743,0.85628575,0.12914142,0.01116744,0.0004832733],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004311098,0.00046534775,0.003201197,0.000857276,0.000563713,0.00022207534,0.0036411544,0.23607194,0.7069918,0.00328844,0.038396403,0.0019895532],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000015789386,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.7591357e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.23483376,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002038661,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000018396013,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99982274},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2082568223","doi":"10.1117/12.788929","title":"CCCP: a CCD controller for counting photons","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Photon Etc (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Photon counting; Controller (irrigation); Pixel; Frame rate; Frame (networking); Physics; Noise (video); Photon; Computer science; Clock rate; Optics; Computer hardware; Image (mathematics); Optoelectronics; Artificial intelligence; CMOS; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.011015295236152233,"score_gpt":0.21405290589275566,"score_spread":0.20303761065660342,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2082568223","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99360627,0.00019333758,0.00019732013,0.00078975316,0.0003801204,0.0007598797,0.00008790038,0.00029266375,0.0036927713],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9206409,0.00018700902,0.07725635,0.00015392617,0.0007548526,0.0003598435,0.000011816785,0.00015698781,0.00047833205],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9977798,7.042133e-9,0.00073054514,0.00035461024,0.0005731557,0.0005619233],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99802583,0.00022567579,0.00021729019,0.000058535847,0.0013422365,0.00013044235],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00044202592,0.00038958964,0.000548946,0.000116171694,0.00015122081,0.0000895389,0.00073575444,0.00019113731,0.000011417938],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004807405,0.00034773184,0.00084728544,0.00029244344,0.00023687993,0.0004537243,0.00007600392,0.00032472698,0.0000026960142],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011569399,0.00011737903,0.00046991298,0.00081228145,0.0008486161,2.1774841e-7,0.0005339562,0.0014614703,0.81639975,0.15859362,0.020282192,0.00036492103],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0055726212,0.00036637412,0.0011449379,0.0005808103,0.00041699674,0.000112358975,0.0019357998,0.60416687,0.33784306,0.0018880988,0.044753887,0.0012181908],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000076027313,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.4441977e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6027054,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016511632,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000026936206,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998975},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2083612022","doi":"10.1109/dft.2013.6653602","title":"Improved image accuracy in Hot Pixel degraded digital cameras","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Pixel; Artificial intelligence; Computer vision; Computer science; Offset (computer science); Image sensor; Digital image; Image (mathematics); Image processing","score_opus":0.005480623037770703,"score_gpt":0.19577655830034074,"score_spread":0.19029593526257005,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2083612022","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9767335,0.00004986537,0.0010565614,0.00014487265,0.00012893177,0.00016497531,0.000003685804,0.0004345701,0.02128301],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99740463,0.000009539604,0.0010758304,0.000086921405,0.000044737233,0.000017561284,0.0000064389706,0.0000307958,0.0013235469],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993583,0.00000396009,0.00016368977,0.00012929055,0.00006526471,0.00027947978],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99966925,0.000053101005,0.000010889255,0.00017910237,0.000019744642,0.000067922],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000020475803,0.00013546487,0.00012376471,0.000068944035,0.000015079478,0.0001896912,0.00011039594,0.000036267982,0.00033688647],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000053845968,0.00011971805,0.000041286796,0.00013445753,0.000025149733,0.00061964843,0.000022317054,0.00013904423,0.0004937125],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010921813,0.00010981248,0.00442209,0.0000796683,0.00005207099,0.000020761381,0.0009076105,0.00034808865,0.80422264,0.00019586991,0.024403095,0.16522735],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004102477,0.000097192424,0.13409118,0.000103970284,0.000025894882,0.000081614446,0.0034222505,0.67350054,0.15674008,0.0013515097,0.023878759,0.002604543],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00026301297,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000033434248,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.67315245,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003592114,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000069018506,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.634584},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2084231119","doi":"10.1117/12.805999","title":"Optimization of photodetector thickness in vertically-integrated image sensors","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Photodetector; Image sensor; CMOS; Planar; Optoelectronics; Pixel; Electronics; Materials science; Computer science; Frame rate; Fabrication; Optics; Electrical engineering; Physics; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.006467506529373334,"score_gpt":0.20946556835438213,"score_spread":0.2029980618250088,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2084231119","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9960198,0.00008395772,0.00029193755,0.0006303841,0.00018083848,0.00041293487,0.000036402504,0.00017208573,0.00217168],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8739652,0.00011939867,0.1255459,0.000052319498,0.00013688151,0.000037395,0.000009743766,0.00006977639,0.00006336615],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99791974,2.2350818e-8,0.00082602946,0.0003008873,0.000544141,0.000409181],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984136,0.00010571157,0.00018484052,0.00006816925,0.0011282433,0.00009943866],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003959223,0.00033894778,0.0004968991,0.0001779862,0.000034038127,0.00006882802,0.00062547444,0.00020526625,0.00001930037],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004904304,0.00030078125,0.00042566005,0.0005737167,0.00017486617,0.00047406665,0.00004663973,0.00038648688,0.0000011035341],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000107690656,0.00012930746,0.0001571522,0.00048228324,0.00015436589,2.641716e-7,0.00031916256,0.035056375,0.92366654,0.03877943,0.0008467314,0.00030072877],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011184836,0.00018661196,0.0010584543,0.00044092227,0.0000897331,0.000013943102,0.0008227953,0.5720878,0.4230511,0.0004642378,0.0002869092,0.00037902794],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001042289,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.936743e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5370314,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017434584,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000023814331,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99994445},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2086450874","doi":"10.1145/2554688.2554761","title":"MPack","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Throughput; Benchmark (surveying); Embedded system; Chip; Field-programmable gate array; Process (computing); Computer hardware; Memory management; Semiconductor memory; Computer architecture; Operating system","score_opus":0.0018738309735942358,"score_gpt":0.14423340362012937,"score_spread":0.14235957264653515,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2086450874","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.23973118,0.0000171773,0.012322951,0.00009400579,0.00018212305,0.000011394803,1.463495e-7,0.0006301308,0.7470109],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972747,0.0000017166418,0.00067441905,0.00009062263,0.000052470205,3.1070658e-7,2.774576e-7,0.0000062623567,0.0018991946],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99987113,0.0000014302325,0.000024124944,0.00002409827,0.000021626789,0.000057561643],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99991316,0.0000064951555,8.9336805e-7,0.000059910843,0.0000024590893,0.000017082639],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000016063244,0.000024574134,0.000024639385,0.000008883118,0.0000058165897,0.0000071517497,0.00002253565,0.0000073111496,0.00016796032],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000003798322,0.000021137266,0.0000092165665,0.000021657164,0.0000038176386,0.00001665147,0.000002208839,0.000020072628,0.00044111212],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000001987442,0.000022539463,0.005571822,0.00008184143,0.00004439023,0.0000035069781,0.00058288773,0.03749983,0.04407396,0.067222066,0.51655614,0.328339],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001590896,0.0000076202705,0.004450073,0.000005067062,0.0000032728517,0.000005000234,0.000026981172,0.28923818,0.020350086,0.001167688,0.68441695,0.00016997184],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000021656183,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000015518848,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.75754356,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000029609616,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":3.3439534e-7,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5669751},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2086822982","doi":"10.1086/661187","title":"Calibration and Performance of the Photon-counting Detectors for the Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope (UVIT) of the Astrosat Observatory1","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":48,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Herzberg Institute of Astrophysics; University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Physics; Detector; Telescope; Observatory; Optics; Centroid; Calibration; Photon counting; Photon flux; Field of view; Wavelength; Photon; Astronomy; Computer science","score_opus":0.012804861760248207,"score_gpt":0.18032093312212666,"score_spread":0.16751607136187846,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2086822982","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99689066,0.00009705966,0.00077015156,0.0013930672,0.00019522352,0.000490996,0.00007213193,0.000019561334,0.00007113468],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99840915,0.000009312403,0.0014280307,0.000015725147,0.00003055596,0.00003208291,0.0000015831442,0.000020590745,0.000052954638],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990898,0.000045126,0.00037857887,0.00013211992,0.00016077001,0.00019365276],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998546,0.00016781407,0.00033254435,0.00083940045,0.00009207673,0.000022162014],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00036655721,0.00013265933,0.00017165333,0.000012381242,0.0002940899,0.00002489546,0.0010080277,0.00004136182,0.000007261794],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007453686,0.000064698615,0.00036998166,0.000250968,0.00062796054,0.00016411857,0.0001837814,0.000206667,1.7554558e-7],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012667167,0.000049033522,0.91234887,0.000118719356,0.00012041576,1.8771898e-10,0.002135897,0.0057821022,0.0766687,0.00028835493,0.0011419429,0.0013333012],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001679051,0.0000064635797,0.74123365,0.000061816136,0.00006737097,4.948676e-7,0.0012096455,0.090872146,0.16593277,0.00006041238,0.00031778534,0.00006952592],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006523493,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000055318824,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1711152,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000045227225,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000049650876,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.26383328},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2087585049","doi":"10.1016/j.jcjo.2013.03.025","title":"Everyday use of modern microperimetry in a low-vision service","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"letter","venue":"Canadian Journal of Ophthalmology","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Microperimetry; Service (business); Optometry; Aesthetics; Psychology; Business; Medicine; Art; Ophthalmology; Marketing; Retinal","score_opus":0.019035278822720787,"score_gpt":0.22438629919088976,"score_spread":0.20535102036816896,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2087585049","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97502947,0.0022106392,0.000020143492,0.019093594,0.0016888169,0.00012983118,0.00007034585,0.000007473331,0.001749671],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9817967,0.000014100769,0.00062470185,0.015512206,0.0007204483,0.0000019251763,0.000025472766,0.00013476082,0.0011696826],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"case_report","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984286,0.00009666843,0.0006583409,0.00016010541,0.00013788512,0.0005184104],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99891305,0.00011145868,0.0002022912,0.00030524694,0.00023494192,0.00023298892],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011700122,0.00028392745,0.0006640467,0.0010175854,0.000020492229,0.00004787681,0.0004335605,0.00064825034,0.00070650625],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000057394158,0.00028367437,0.00014104602,0.000286206,0.000082522616,0.00020668858,0.000015961172,0.0017175801,0.00004199159],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013657615,0.000019532119,0.0051998524,0.0008834349,0.00023021254,0.10842716,0.0007533237,0.020973947,0.0025640782,0.0000017593438,0.86013544,0.0007976129],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002411696,0.0006421981,0.02867828,0.0053793383,0.0002605442,0.5076479,0.00011971147,0.017997772,0.0026521042,0.0007715013,0.43063843,0.0028005524],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009370162,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00033407193,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.429497,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00026452856,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00046363927,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99996156},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2088966990","doi":"10.1117/12.469533","title":"&lt;title&gt;Tuning Retinex parameters&lt;/title&gt;","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":38,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Color constancy; Computer science; Contrast (vision); MATLAB; Matching (statistics); Computation; Artificial intelligence; Image (mathematics); Computer vision; Algorithm; Mathematics; Statistics","score_opus":0.012786951467499967,"score_gpt":0.2080700913992324,"score_spread":0.19528313993173244,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2088966990","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.87673515,0.00033960087,0.000038960494,0.00065723516,0.00044499777,0.00016972871,0.000019848736,0.00022877469,0.121365726],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8866024,0.0006474816,0.1046491,0.00019049937,0.0011124166,0.00008104182,0.000012788652,0.00022211748,0.006482176],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988043,8.970098e-9,0.00033920546,0.00020312401,0.00036271228,0.00029070675],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99938965,0.000057696478,0.000089933594,0.000053164767,0.00032908667,0.00008049602],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017688844,0.00021587605,0.00023732199,0.00007633954,0.00004076901,0.000070373935,0.00043717196,0.00012570157,0.00021608525],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017966406,0.00019539171,0.0003264475,0.00020886806,0.00010287944,0.00018618228,0.000057453646,0.0002383605,0.00006199041],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013808985,0.000069667345,0.00008645842,0.0005098875,0.00045148528,4.4562555e-7,0.00027909473,0.0005002455,0.41343883,0.3734517,0.20766392,0.0035344323],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010880979,0.00017729525,0.00026953794,0.0005997844,0.00024148225,0.00005221229,0.00041318376,0.52568173,0.06862475,0.0017764354,0.40006012,0.0010153878],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":9.4465776e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.0338278e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5251815,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008874233,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000056402214,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7967843},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2089599673","doi":"10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.605.470","title":"Opto-Electrical Modeling of CMOS Buried Quad Junction Photodetector","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Key engineering materials","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut interdisciplinaire d'innovation technologique; Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche","keywords":"Photodetector; Spice; Detector; CMOS; Optoelectronics; Materials science; Noise (video); p–n junction; Computation; Optics; Electronic engineering; Physics; Semiconductor; Computer science; Engineering","score_opus":0.004903218493362087,"score_gpt":0.16951034250897817,"score_spread":0.16460712401561609,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2089599673","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.91465056,0.00006628312,0.08278276,0.000010783044,0.0012577286,0.000121193974,0.000007549532,0.0007463729,0.00035676474],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99690473,0.000016192704,0.0025523542,0.000008408211,0.00037679248,0.00002006466,0.00001044568,0.00008117549,0.000029855595],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99891555,0.00001997486,0.00039078822,0.00017959467,0.0001683021,0.0003257996],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995545,0.000041519903,0.00003327107,0.00025863576,0.00003812465,0.00007391438],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022234817,0.00022507945,0.0003578628,0.00014551704,0.00002500802,0.000045147797,0.00013344511,0.00010294827,0.000084177715],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009844181,0.00023602089,0.00006142821,0.00016456588,0.00001046333,0.00009796162,0.000019800813,0.000101418904,0.000034880857],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000075558955,0.0000058913424,0.0000040958744,0.000101310194,0.000020589187,5.666797e-7,0.00006004828,0.35685268,0.64233375,0.00015663347,0.00006805239,0.000388809],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00019029038,0.000019655194,0.00006442635,0.000042049945,0.000015813604,0.0000048430456,0.0000029730115,0.55607593,0.4423081,0.000027157555,0.0010696703,0.00017908885],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000049925373,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.5245508e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.20002565,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000056192388,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000066061234,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9624653},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2092147671","doi":"10.1109/jsen.2011.2132702","title":"New Memory Architecture for Rolling Shutter Wide Dynamic Range CMOS Imagers","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Sensors Journal","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Pixel; Computer science; Computer hardware; Semiconductor memory; Chip; Memory architecture; Shutter; Embedded system; Parallel computing; Artificial intelligence; Engineering","score_opus":0.011941239903248918,"score_gpt":0.2096886423956733,"score_spread":0.1977474024924244,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2092147671","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.79842824,0.0007616971,0.19084924,0.00052001985,0.0037412755,0.00034773265,0.000018698687,0.00046590262,0.004867165],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9461727,0.00009455336,0.049510844,0.00044015338,0.0011939112,0.000005395331,0.0000026481684,0.00018846024,0.0023913106],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99858695,0.000035490848,0.00036752436,0.0002048008,0.00021843746,0.00058679195],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999239,0.00009772454,0.00007804346,0.00023253619,0.00006280035,0.00028986318],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020735167,0.00029822087,0.00029470632,0.00021381942,0.00015326803,0.00009496168,0.00024217769,0.000103525104,0.00025852927],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000040454725,0.00027398628,0.00028115328,0.00012601566,0.000042281663,0.00017637586,0.000008989489,0.0006475037,0.00006664998],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00071140873,0.0001103537,0.0019283787,0.0003998737,0.0013812509,0.0011940224,0.026643267,0.45329693,0.16068353,0.000019756662,0.16223696,0.19139427],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.022373185,0.00080682006,0.013523061,0.0016056506,0.0018376583,0.015185793,0.003754656,0.46104765,0.3453261,0.018261112,0.108401924,0.0078763785],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000021035037,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000021075455,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.18464257,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009056836,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000035311685,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999712},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2092153033","doi":"10.1109/jsen.2012.2211009","title":"1.25 V Supply 0.72 V Output Voltage Swing Two-Step Readout CMOS Active Pixel Architecture","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Sensors Journal","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"CMC Microsystems","keywords":"CMOS; Pixel; Image sensor; Swing; Electrical engineering; Noise (video); Physics; Ring oscillator; Voltage; SIGNAL (programming language); Dynamic range; Electronic engineering; Engineering; Computer science; Optics; Artificial intelligence; Image (mathematics); Acoustics","score_opus":0.011025650873168842,"score_gpt":0.23034429800295492,"score_spread":0.21931864712978608,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2092153033","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9693073,0.000649817,0.013047542,0.00024163364,0.0044029322,0.00018817329,0.000038299077,0.0004854609,0.011638819],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99156994,0.00008175092,0.0023224384,0.0001943377,0.0036602963,0.0000034683135,0.0000047525255,0.00015846278,0.002004539],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99732757,0.000102330494,0.000495099,0.00024607914,0.0005181799,0.0013107305],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986863,0.00014561183,0.00013240476,0.00037097244,0.0001011689,0.0005635465],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000407128,0.00047446473,0.00044386255,0.00032212562,0.00031860045,0.00018918846,0.00030760327,0.00015571906,0.00017746446],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000079352,0.00043555736,0.00029493668,0.0002596448,0.00008582567,0.00048115075,0.000034773097,0.0016256556,0.00033015668],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002754525,0.00034749493,0.010738972,0.00024265404,0.001321461,0.00073808804,0.026817588,0.20148128,0.48144847,0.00025221915,0.06964711,0.20668921],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.008851631,0.0003065818,0.030523716,0.0012548543,0.000843072,0.02427478,0.007223695,0.049580716,0.21649416,0.0010295744,0.65406835,0.0055488623],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002256326,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001018074,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5844213,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022756631,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000034875582,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998096},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2092670936","doi":"10.1117/12.585736","title":"Very-large-area imagers for professional DSC applications","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalsa Corporation","funders":"","keywords":"Upgrade; Computer science; Pixel; Frame (networking); Image sensor; Image resolution; Frame rate; Architecture; Artificial intelligence; Telecommunications; Operating system","score_opus":0.008622063534290566,"score_gpt":0.23161088510623537,"score_spread":0.2229888215719448,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2092670936","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99138576,0.0001980056,0.00076915213,0.0025050107,0.00034922108,0.0010523036,0.0001820057,0.0003032267,0.003255297],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7455595,0.00017113393,0.24927278,0.00029579064,0.0016637009,0.001583939,0.000062223306,0.00022534352,0.0011655977],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9978677,8.4107885e-9,0.00067073974,0.00036765475,0.0005424611,0.0005514304],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99828225,0.00016614408,0.00019171633,0.000076568984,0.0011365548,0.00014673772],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004512766,0.00036408717,0.0003947565,0.00011670183,0.0001345588,0.00010190226,0.0008189775,0.00019088777,0.000023450792],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000209664,0.00032407427,0.0006727311,0.00030625903,0.0001543932,0.00056371716,0.00009964012,0.0003364277,0.000004833124],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007957977,0.00023373106,0.00035873227,0.0010303566,0.00060006627,4.8241418e-8,0.00036098144,0.0022361022,0.5821332,0.37412044,0.036957987,0.0018888247],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0036780243,0.00024818405,0.001191462,0.0006238874,0.00042306722,0.000033790264,0.0027814722,0.459135,0.28095552,0.0029959204,0.2466113,0.0013223581],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000019843717,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.2165875e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4568989,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021398862,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000031377884,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99992114},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2093957447","doi":"10.1116/1.1676395","title":"Reset noise in active pixel image sensors","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A Vacuum Surfaces and Films","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Flicker noise; Reset (finance); Noise (video); Noise generator; Image noise; Noise floor; Shot noise; Burst noise; Effective input noise temperature; Noise measurement; Noise spectral density; Electronic engineering; Computer science; Physics; Acoustics; Engineering; CMOS; Noise reduction; Artificial intelligence; Noise figure; Telecommunications; Detector; Image (mathematics)","score_opus":0.005529812867328916,"score_gpt":0.2311159236283002,"score_spread":0.22558611076097126,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2093957447","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9960832,0.0007929898,0.0002823634,0.0018401677,0.00033806416,0.00009428615,0.000009599982,0.00011800067,0.00044131227],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9926579,0.000617479,0.0066181896,0.000031813117,0.000022567961,0.0000018325414,2.7275902e-7,0.000019692108,0.000030275616],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983643,0.000014048964,0.0004630352,0.00025885916,0.0003453583,0.0005543975],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99925905,0.000040544826,0.000150597,0.00024707656,0.00016358182,0.00013911641],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00061189575,0.00022060204,0.00038462254,0.0013637085,0.00015978285,0.00008366704,0.0005432537,0.00016976878,0.000016911323],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010187908,0.00018554257,0.00006601143,0.002013483,0.00090540823,0.0007772799,0.000106024665,0.00076887954,0.000011684852],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004379373,0.00008779817,0.0038773348,0.000026816482,0.00002908007,0.00024355756,0.0011603355,0.009749021,0.9820041,0.0008078466,0.00018087142,0.0017894377],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0064467834,0.0012045725,0.0849522,0.0008353199,0.000109173474,0.0042981086,0.015040868,0.022136299,0.8315335,0.027350556,0.0043806545,0.0017119658],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000013557994,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000013548988,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.15047061,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013717142,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000126987,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.75662065},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2094207666","doi":"10.1016/j.optmat.2004.08.064","title":"Optical signal and image processing device optimized for optical readout","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optical Materials","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Waterloo","keywords":"SIGNAL (programming language); Signal processing; Image processing; Optical image; Optics; Materials science; Optoelectronics; Computer science; Image (mathematics); Physics; Computer hardware; Computer vision; Digital signal processing","score_opus":0.01150717546172287,"score_gpt":0.24682723457663489,"score_spread":0.23532005911491202,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2094207666","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.93075174,0.00014225685,0.061166313,0.0008058063,0.00032869974,0.00052098226,0.00003608012,0.00055266044,0.0056954823],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7507085,0.000015308207,0.24870513,0.00009706229,0.00028535465,0.00005366997,0.000017452294,0.00007237596,0.000045120774],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984299,0.000012282742,0.00043931033,0.0003497753,0.0001883742,0.00058038207],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99932516,0.0001391872,0.000027915328,0.00017801816,0.0000785109,0.00025122188],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00027839624,0.00029540158,0.0004940766,0.00005702309,0.000101269245,0.0004148772,0.00013938415,0.00016295654,0.00012761448],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015873052,0.0002693933,0.00006187949,0.00008534547,0.00021072802,0.00025015775,0.000058298312,0.0001293818,0.00007399308],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014539859,0.00005650643,0.0000017336267,0.0003587296,0.000031501273,0.000032145483,0.00009000276,0.0012900035,0.9854179,0.009166894,0.000087317196,0.003321874],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002302815,0.000106173335,0.00016026536,0.00019167924,0.00011885267,0.00010423439,0.00006545883,0.0021192976,0.9915724,0.0021968728,0.0005318668,0.00053009554],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000408203,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.26182e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.18753883,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000064768756,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000035668254,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999758},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2095955803","doi":"10.1109/camp.1993.622480","title":"A smart buffer for tracking using motion data","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Computer vision; Optical flow; Artificial intelligence; Asynchronous communication; Stereopsis; Machine vision; Image processing; Neuromorphic engineering; Data processing; Multiprocessing; Real-time computing; Artificial neural network; Image (mathematics)","score_opus":0.1416687497252557,"score_gpt":0.26915475688241497,"score_spread":0.12748600715715927,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2095955803","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.4029625,0.0004064267,0.58157873,0.00020797628,0.0007442577,0.0002536053,0.000038282797,0.0009166942,0.012891523],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9897405,0.000008245341,0.009642181,0.000046888083,0.000120556106,0.0000014000333,0.0000149444995,0.00002309758,0.0004021844],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996259,0.0000028556317,0.000081189195,0.00010778505,0.00004701974,0.00013521535],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99969524,0.000019128049,0.0000057890625,0.00024586217,0.000011401984,0.000022601509],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000050193998,0.000061716084,0.00006073821,0.000028701133,0.000034388857,0.000036265017,0.00009794432,0.000022422117,0.00017214629],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000016863805,0.000060519935,0.000018670631,0.000052537525,0.000006158259,0.00019574135,0.000015466463,0.000038769722,0.000023210574],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009006853,0.00015897097,0.0039373683,0.00048284928,0.00020252937,0.000014829901,0.0015523087,0.08521023,0.13418485,0.0016221206,0.11576397,0.65686095],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00013127783,0.0000023965863,0.00018381103,0.000009733031,0.000011720061,0.000007046067,0.00002501544,0.9839996,0.0023279611,0.000036560214,0.013176853,0.000088037785],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000013188894,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007873148,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.89878935,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000017297629,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":7.806261e-7,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.24679312},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2096091194","doi":"10.1109/jssc.2009.2016693","title":"Focal-Plane Algorithmically-Multiplying CMOS Computational Image Sensor","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":62,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Pixel; CMOS; Quantization (signal processing); Computer science; Bit plane; Kernel (algebra); Binary number; Artificial intelligence; Computer vision; Mathematics; Electronic engineering; Engineering; Arithmetic","score_opus":0.011267154579504562,"score_gpt":0.24717764982526175,"score_spread":0.2359104952457572,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2096091194","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8774869,0.00038094426,0.11783493,0.0006738608,0.0016480971,0.0001875555,0.00012196427,0.00027565297,0.0013900937],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9933583,0.00010586336,0.0054173926,0.000320126,0.0006230227,7.119695e-7,0.000007988252,0.000048651957,0.000117913354],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9980973,0.00004156675,0.00075302424,0.00016062253,0.00049202837,0.00045544197],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99895346,0.00013756595,0.00019517912,0.00014366837,0.0003090187,0.00026110522],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026072402,0.00026540257,0.0004321168,0.00023444834,0.000088243956,0.00009507722,0.00023914721,0.00007444499,0.00003576221],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004661595,0.0002611163,0.00017981775,0.00020312573,0.000057295463,0.0003754399,0.000006687254,0.000526684,0.0000975828],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000026823573,0.00014018192,0.00015546355,0.00007328013,0.0002063416,0.0012383012,0.0013806542,0.55660397,0.33539015,0.000015691428,0.010882252,0.09388687],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.011431879,0.0010633009,0.039762296,0.0013622445,0.00040430823,0.013361293,0.00092747086,0.74184287,0.15842815,0.009641631,0.018428668,0.0033459153],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000018190423,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.7356996e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.18523885,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012775575,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000053265314,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999841},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2096185181","doi":"10.1109/jsen.2010.2089447","title":"CMOS Active-Pixel Sensor With In-Situ Memory for Ultrahigh-Speed Imaging","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Sensors Journal","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Image sensor; Frame rate; Computer science; Pixel; Computer hardware; CMOS; CMOS sensor; Frame (networking); Chip; Data acquisition; Electronic engineering; Artificial intelligence; Engineering; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.006358290346777379,"score_gpt":0.21621800887805667,"score_spread":0.2098597185312793,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2096185181","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9891038,0.00006719547,0.0013791863,0.00039500516,0.0033512113,0.00025970757,0.000014915209,0.00023936055,0.0051896465],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9932729,0.000029275194,0.004503493,0.00010768988,0.0013280505,0.0000049484715,0.0000028922284,0.00012949138,0.0006212806],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982326,0.000037693066,0.0004047462,0.0002849508,0.0003114745,0.00072853785],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990169,0.0001704408,0.00010309188,0.0002931601,0.00016085437,0.00025559458],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002934365,0.00035811792,0.0003699341,0.0003284085,0.00020860032,0.0001704472,0.00023131605,0.00010443729,0.000058403522],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000058575755,0.00031383825,0.00014933695,0.00024306875,0.00011306513,0.00037995537,0.000007853881,0.0013003402,0.00003721043],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014631958,0.000052673975,0.0007905227,0.000042852007,0.00008690372,0.00024841263,0.0013466025,0.01604336,0.9664739,0.000017506229,0.002691086,0.012059884],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.007966526,0.00014180972,0.012269895,0.00029981608,0.0001730253,0.010303949,0.003123369,0.057413,0.87449324,0.0003495791,0.031512752,0.0019530507],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000010150274,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009794952,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.09198065,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000096909425,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000052427964,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999314},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2096475273","doi":"10.1109/ccece.1993.332419","title":"A GaAs CCD structure for multiplying digital-to-analog conversion","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Pipeline (software); Converters; Computer science; Sampling (signal processing); Electronic engineering; Electronic circuit; Computer hardware; Electrical engineering; Engineering; Telecommunications; Voltage","score_opus":0.012343582495439607,"score_gpt":0.18822819317984096,"score_spread":0.17588461068440137,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2096475273","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.90785116,0.00020950695,0.053752102,0.00061668275,0.00090740516,0.0006915732,0.00014092909,0.0015042492,0.034326386],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99452615,0.0000033763765,0.002710796,0.00017866914,0.00007092374,0.000003978951,0.000008561433,0.000026655513,0.002470907],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995064,0.0000020978198,0.00009608739,0.0001236453,0.0000722301,0.00019954111],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997279,0.000039280487,0.00000707766,0.00012975874,0.000020961597,0.00007498998],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000015739259,0.00010586764,0.00010205491,0.000056809437,0.000041931005,0.00006496089,0.00007506946,0.00003758601,0.0003709666],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002565741,0.00009550664,0.000053490858,0.000089318426,0.000009018859,0.00011832647,0.000013872651,0.000057144814,0.00013746863],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000030916086,0.00009305859,0.007141554,0.0005919882,0.00033387943,0.000035955203,0.0045972685,0.12644729,0.10900477,0.0010361831,0.45229274,0.29839438],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00095009804,0.000040051527,0.0005649775,0.000030380541,0.000023344304,0.000017033142,0.00030442578,0.8085223,0.01601582,0.00017140758,0.17288116,0.00047903103],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000321996,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000027865483,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.68207496,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002655666,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":9.91768e-7,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4061824},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2096739493","doi":"10.1109/dftvs.2005.48","title":"Noise analysis of fault tolerant active pixel sensors","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Flicker noise; Noise (video); Shot noise; Pixel; Noise measurement; Computer science; Resistor; Noise generator; Electrical engineering; Electronic engineering; Amplifier; CMOS; Engineering; Noise figure; Noise reduction; Artificial intelligence; Voltage","score_opus":0.003890074005282289,"score_gpt":0.19315550101405737,"score_spread":0.18926542700877508,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2096739493","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9494267,0.00003595629,0.0020979028,0.00003372241,0.000059387632,0.00003710894,0.000015645846,0.00018969084,0.04810386],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981371,0.000005853262,0.00057873694,0.0000161456,0.00003112688,0.0000014490507,0.000013598257,0.000013888982,0.0012021015],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994477,0.000007597646,0.00017313256,0.00010547706,0.000116235045,0.0001498404],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997168,0.000031249692,0.000019474302,0.0001688076,0.000036038204,0.000027608572],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000027925747,0.000100776946,0.000221823,0.00020653997,0.00001602208,0.000009807477,0.000058303027,0.000033300632,0.00020099792],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000004445191,0.000090660105,0.00013649976,0.00057158456,0.00002306164,0.000051265775,0.000007682881,0.00005973675,0.00002185785],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007785755,0.000040585834,0.001999139,0.000016958968,0.00059298147,0.0000051636016,0.00026906707,0.91474503,0.07785232,0.0005065576,0.001504797,0.002459587],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00027191185,0.000009422685,0.06441724,0.000008243483,0.0006066914,0.000002177607,0.00030184045,0.8065927,0.123527095,0.00006162833,0.0039241686,0.00027685173],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00028612907,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00012771967,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.10815232,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000024766583,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000032973753,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.36970118},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2097280685","doi":"10.1109/iscas.2005.1465834","title":"Self-Powered Active Pixel Sensors for Ultra Low-Power Applications","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"CMOS; Dissipation; Ultra low power; Low-power electronics; Power (physics); Electrical engineering; Chip; CMOS sensor; Electronic engineering; Pixel; Engineering; Computer science; Physics; Power consumption","score_opus":0.004082459986477252,"score_gpt":0.21053590143129247,"score_spread":0.20645344144481523,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2097280685","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.35749227,0.0003238501,0.1582004,0.0018050623,0.00059760443,0.0027385848,0.00018658317,0.00697981,0.47167584],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9800801,0.00003352952,0.017474003,0.00015230352,0.00019158128,0.00015092161,0.000014401623,0.000053679596,0.0018494464],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99931383,0.0000047135413,0.00015243096,0.00017622332,0.00008443984,0.00026835746],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99954927,0.000071574184,0.000016233018,0.0002339999,0.00004894206,0.00008000745],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00003741842,0.00014739063,0.00012537936,0.00005638061,0.00006635897,0.000029445338,0.00010423777,0.00005934943,0.00016715097],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000007937304,0.0001453735,0.000080113125,0.000119710574,0.000018780227,0.0001203099,0.0000056949716,0.00009481635,0.00030014513],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014969028,0.0015422741,0.0002920886,0.0008644544,0.0015664533,0.000005971408,0.01422893,0.09770439,0.5223389,0.044128884,0.124568455,0.1926095],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00058350206,0.000016762091,0.00023133952,0.00000873741,0.000030112675,0.000009689525,0.00041026235,0.030032987,0.09378421,0.00015817914,0.87434334,0.00039090813],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000014705497,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000057524544,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7497749,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007546582,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009915783,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.59281594},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2097428192","doi":"10.1109/cicc.2011.6055394","title":"CMOS field-modulated color sensor","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Photodetector; Photodiode; CMOS; Image sensor; Sensitivity (control systems); CMOS sensor; Optoelectronics; Wavelength; Light intensity; Intensity (physics); Optics; Physics; Materials science; Electronic engineering; Engineering","score_opus":0.013554571552367143,"score_gpt":0.18101333701008887,"score_spread":0.16745876545772173,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2097428192","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.789189,0.000025187457,0.0014245783,0.00005623322,0.00054271583,0.000062502804,0.0000011101635,0.00086293765,0.20783573],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9934427,0.000006799416,0.0026597278,0.00020494593,0.000038357615,0.0000025576164,0.0000010418737,0.000018069502,0.0036257617],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999621,0.0000044158965,0.00008818005,0.00008218165,0.00004771371,0.00015654274],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99977344,0.000016579645,0.000005247073,0.00014473658,0.000014650435,0.00004535809],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000022922453,0.00007901393,0.000076192984,0.000029025845,0.000018913148,0.000009076533,0.000061969695,0.00004340058,0.0013806061],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000010031434,0.00007088282,0.00003003917,0.000073647796,0.000009164702,0.00004507023,0.000009241556,0.00007003356,0.00041319843],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014556684,0.0003650073,0.020084977,0.00032546074,0.0006988495,0.0005308225,0.012314935,0.0073924446,0.38008735,0.009340215,0.45808607,0.1106283],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010662804,0.00015005765,0.019909412,0.00003779647,0.000051332223,0.000079879435,0.00064019556,0.19823453,0.7004784,0.00078751956,0.077544376,0.0010202697],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000055898232,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009088242,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3805417,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000009598779,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000024871615,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995323},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2099091750","doi":"10.1109/iscas.1998.703891","title":"A robust hybrid neural architecture for an industrial sensor application","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Windsor","funders":"CMC Microsystems","keywords":"Artificial neural network; Computer science; Electronic engineering; CMOS; Electronic circuit; Resistor; Chip; Intelligent sensor; Engineering; Artificial intelligence; Electrical engineering; Wireless sensor network; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.04594458726200766,"score_gpt":0.21374085639562287,"score_spread":0.16779626913361523,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2099091750","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7983996,0.00006846558,0.1892336,0.00084674946,0.00047246233,0.0007818456,0.00004534589,0.001549396,0.008602492],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9955199,0.0000020391574,0.003205295,0.00011114302,0.00054822024,0.000033670964,0.000021037487,0.00003225704,0.0005264738],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995093,0.000007141778,0.00010366126,0.0001371727,0.00006239282,0.00018035881],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997176,0.000025286705,0.0000103350585,0.00017110493,0.000013992298,0.00006166178],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000030038827,0.00010152367,0.000087117136,0.000042105934,0.00003893787,0.000033174656,0.00007552601,0.000038726135,0.00006518233],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000011198265,0.00009399033,0.000040051495,0.0000661887,0.000010449659,0.00006026379,0.0000052195574,0.000120104785,0.00002467415],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000020960726,0.000062732004,0.00021025041,0.000037189842,0.000032187527,0.0000029992752,0.0003390746,0.50725,0.01729556,0.00029093458,0.05204324,0.42241487],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00045398506,0.000032496955,0.000037806483,0.0000024338156,0.000009999618,0.000025008547,0.00003169936,0.9552303,0.004056914,0.00006322966,0.039898377,0.00015774835],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000011359732,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000011304579,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.44798028,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000015696382,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000012282533,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.38328144},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2099608078","doi":"10.1109/iscas.2005.1465696","title":"A Spatial Variance Approach to Target Tracking with Sensor Arrays","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Tracking (education); Computer science; Tracking system; Computer vision; Artificial intelligence; Task (project management); Variance (accounting); Real-time computing; Engineering; Kalman filter","score_opus":0.008257176760329065,"score_gpt":0.1883005077740453,"score_spread":0.18004333101371625,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2099608078","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.047745883,0.000028709415,0.8033116,0.00026666082,0.0000771298,0.00013599804,0.0000033446358,0.00061221514,0.14781848],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7778495,0.0000011293023,0.22055867,0.00021729345,0.0002792144,0.000007990394,0.000002527352,0.00003263306,0.0010510486],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99933034,0.0000064264113,0.00010716053,0.00017117464,0.00012377786,0.00026113074],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99969757,0.000011080625,0.000008287627,0.00017318006,0.00002022711,0.0000896404],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00004680703,0.00013547477,0.00012456028,0.00004537991,0.000035462323,0.00004777521,0.000083530664,0.000029844237,0.000083828956],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000006152086,0.0001129354,0.000023939994,0.00013751036,0.000011724607,0.00010387024,0.000007667805,0.000109167304,0.0001250863],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000019689014,0.00006888019,0.0004655487,0.000040513758,0.00004695165,0.000014518489,0.001656532,0.9600513,0.009839626,0.0008268584,0.0031314173,0.023838192],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00071866263,0.000044328895,0.0025044219,0.00003696572,0.0000208293,0.00017469053,0.000337092,0.83685917,0.032701824,0.00003559297,0.125839,0.00072744966],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000030493911,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000021335112,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7301036,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000034584045,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000068308186,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4605372},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2100391727","doi":"10.1109/iscas.2007.378413","title":"3D Shape Acquisition System Dedicated to a Visual Intracortical Stimulator","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Canada Research Chairs; Polytechnique Montréal","keywords":"Computer science; Computer vision; Stereoscopy; Artificial intelligence; Computer graphics (images)","score_opus":0.004534543236965471,"score_gpt":0.2370138859326205,"score_spread":0.232479342695655,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2100391727","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.89404243,0.000020370391,0.09859346,0.000048397967,0.0002749022,0.00011050203,0.0000015155991,0.0012329506,0.0056754844],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.996957,4.938102e-7,0.0025357616,0.00019478868,0.0002087625,0.0000029098323,0.000004696614,0.00002733597,0.000068266316],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99918365,0.00000583535,0.00021338476,0.00013452364,0.00016265018,0.0002999641],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99961406,0.000039249626,0.0000076209362,0.000104428094,0.000031685253,0.00020295188],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013593351,0.00011015104,0.000117627154,0.00009504093,0.000030939165,0.000029550672,0.000064515574,0.00006160892,0.00025240614],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000013915099,0.00010352051,0.000028814218,0.00021738872,0.0000128193105,0.000057447676,0.000016793594,0.000090062626,0.0006139998],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00037915236,0.00042369758,0.009492149,0.00091942656,0.00041126937,0.00083245017,0.0019467197,0.06493624,0.5803102,0.011962478,0.020801973,0.30758423],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00035246045,0.000058295154,0.021415241,0.00006553956,0.000025641244,0.00004506728,0.00026847032,0.9564856,0.019424204,0.000004958204,0.0015658073,0.00028865787],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008686548,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003951454,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8915494,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000104052844,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000055911883,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.789193},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2101234418","doi":"10.1109/ted.2005.856192","title":"Reset and Partition Noise in Active Pixel Image Sensors","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Reset (finance); Transistor; Noise (video); Partition (number theory); Pixel; Electronic engineering; Computer science; Noise measurement; Flicker noise; Noise generator; Noise floor; Electrical engineering; Engineering; Artificial intelligence; Mathematics; CMOS; Noise figure; Noise reduction; Voltage; Image (mathematics)","score_opus":0.005939933650472447,"score_gpt":0.22740322822646042,"score_spread":0.22146329457598798,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2101234418","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99004483,0.00015144738,0.007500216,0.00041248847,0.00008469077,0.00012811577,0.000018301662,0.0002425539,0.0014173355],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99913317,0.00026231195,0.00028702372,0.00007300696,0.000047074824,0.00002471271,0.0000026942141,0.000028398676,0.00014159434],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99921703,0.00002934924,0.0001543185,0.00018678696,0.00010979454,0.00030269267],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997334,0.00005059504,0.000016677062,0.00012377319,0.000017725206,0.00005785422],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000625605,0.00015203406,0.00013262854,0.00018739796,0.00006784142,0.00003748473,0.000052976528,0.00005911542,0.000051307958],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000015693421,0.00016237998,0.00003692224,0.00021873265,0.000035927984,0.00034155187,3.0372607e-7,0.0003047008,0.00006457149],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00027412202,0.0004013684,0.00016013508,0.00016844095,0.00016251499,0.000020436662,0.0030080369,0.34491917,0.5103092,0.00008707895,0.0007588154,0.13973066],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009881102,0.00012978121,0.0037514642,0.00008371091,0.000052440708,0.00003753642,0.00029084575,0.093103066,0.8916783,0.000102454134,0.009260204,0.00052212353],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000030269144,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011251267,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.38136902,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000113034854,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009810831,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6621663},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2102548710","doi":"10.1109/iros.1992.587363","title":"A VLSI Implementation Of A Light Sensor With Imbedded Focal Plane Processing Capabilities","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Very-large-scale integration; Computer science; Cardinal point; Optics; Physics; Embedded system","score_opus":0.00463981607322917,"score_gpt":0.223844611916293,"score_spread":0.21920479584306385,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2102548710","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9929401,0.00008333654,0.0012770585,0.00027317536,0.000019603267,0.000100512516,0.0000052762884,0.00023180153,0.005069128],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99373615,0.0000033609097,0.0058946298,0.00003143781,0.00006418833,0.000006385605,0.000005363795,0.000018637831,0.00023987636],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99948037,0.000005659493,0.00015756601,0.00008900481,0.00011107634,0.00015629805],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998214,0.000012922446,0.000019514508,0.0000843063,0.000031147258,0.000030708365],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00003627328,0.000094042014,0.00011170721,0.000048243925,0.000021733556,0.000018646364,0.0000367592,0.000019859162,0.00017138844],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000019904871,0.00007402456,0.000018493158,0.00008013613,0.000023124057,0.00012312412,0.0000047405115,0.000048924583,0.000008319652],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00018789177,0.00024993252,0.028926555,0.0027175501,0.00037679024,0.000031729138,0.06593147,0.04277184,0.4533375,0.001683243,0.010355264,0.39343023],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0016725195,0.00015251718,0.006252061,0.00011115797,0.00007472617,0.00009046706,0.021546297,0.03024149,0.9289318,0.000048923048,0.010365284,0.00051281066],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000057665995,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00033849155,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.47559425,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000030377378,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016179236,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3018634},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2102633221","doi":"10.1109/dftvs.1999.802865","title":"Creating 35 mm camera active pixel sensors","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Pixel; Computer vision; Computer science; Image sensor; Artificial intelligence; Computer graphics (images)","score_opus":0.006815440939333631,"score_gpt":0.2070338636812606,"score_spread":0.20021842274192697,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2102633221","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5834237,0.00004695636,0.0009505803,0.00002407997,0.00016661618,0.000047637488,0.000001994909,0.00041584548,0.4149226],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9923089,0.000017039632,0.0028606248,0.00008202176,0.000051875675,0.0000034527302,0.0000015583922,0.000034726083,0.0046398044],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99940205,0.000017258611,0.00011390605,0.00012712157,0.00009297927,0.0002466983],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996992,0.000054800537,0.000011302604,0.00015092095,0.000018540175,0.00006527604],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00004560904,0.00012840872,0.00011839534,0.00004622144,0.000058681933,0.000030100695,0.00004805255,0.00003852005,0.00044334898],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000049371385,0.00012233299,0.000045445842,0.00012670789,0.000020240315,0.00008974141,0.000005807112,0.00013428574,0.00017053404],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004385071,0.00029649943,0.011010104,0.00035899848,0.00096347043,0.00020580996,0.021556448,0.23721328,0.4857677,0.06833779,0.04387771,0.13036834],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015878706,0.00006522661,0.005381308,0.00011975889,0.00009059357,0.00020240663,0.009177652,0.09586868,0.620307,0.0009539244,0.26437607,0.0018694956],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000028111252,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008059115,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4102828,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004513818,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007869258,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.49885947},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2103419569","doi":"10.1109/ccece.2004.1347709","title":"CMOS imager design for fast centroid readout","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Centroid; Chip; Pixel; Computer science; CMOS; Triangulation; Image sensor; Range (aeronautics); Computer hardware; Electronic engineering; Artificial intelligence; Engineering; Telecommunications; Mathematics","score_opus":0.011471755068380364,"score_gpt":0.20356986253347897,"score_spread":0.19209810746509862,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2103419569","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.017710716,0.00010202547,0.9673597,0.0003643199,0.00044010975,0.00029279222,0.0000074850545,0.0008084972,0.012914349],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8525668,0.000019248806,0.14262274,0.0002550471,0.00020775208,0.000027372598,0.000008269321,0.000067730194,0.004225086],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995063,0.0000031916325,0.00009602129,0.000104445215,0.000058543297,0.00023152196],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99976486,0.000024149447,0.0000064731666,0.00013438014,0.00001970718,0.000050409777],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00004570546,0.00009709514,0.00008698366,0.000029123896,0.000030797513,0.00003337435,0.00006754158,0.00002703115,0.00006475394],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000012894582,0.00008857951,0.000047599726,0.00005527801,0.0000138721025,0.000073759555,0.0000059278673,0.00004989192,0.00014804273],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000047843085,0.00010078955,0.00012839978,0.0001546261,0.00012274887,0.000028878116,0.0012917101,0.5789616,0.29109764,0.00748019,0.086942635,0.033642948],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004567753,0.00012132058,0.00060700846,0.00008535116,0.00007350357,0.00006367692,0.00054622255,0.10029146,0.79730266,0.00784405,0.08730554,0.0011914499],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009580893,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000019484355,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.83485603,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000047012505,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009239222,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.36121675},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2104568678","doi":"10.1109/cicc.2007.4405854","title":"A CMOS Image Sensor for DNA Microarrays","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University Health Network","keywords":"CMOS; Photomultiplier; Image sensor; Pixel; Scanner; Noise (video); CMOS sensor; Chip; DNA microarray; Computer science; Optoelectronics; Physics; Artificial intelligence; Image (mathematics); Optics; Chemistry; Detector; Gene expression; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.0061132592124270605,"score_gpt":0.2177130851669298,"score_spread":0.21159982595450275,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2104568678","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5880296,0.000106057014,0.30698922,0.00027331148,0.00091713236,0.00035201016,0.000019245317,0.0014183578,0.10189504],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9045107,0.000008001553,0.085806,0.0003459642,0.00035754472,0.000008621096,0.000009735529,0.0000777301,0.008875735],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994211,0.0000018234376,0.00012676728,0.000106842046,0.000053281805,0.00029016513],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997115,0.000055042387,0.000007321728,0.00013960576,0.000026389695,0.00006014568],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011399223,0.00009997563,0.00009206375,0.00004803393,0.000032217253,0.000025692674,0.00006186807,0.000036109774,0.00010035462],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000016642109,0.00009449965,0.00006202734,0.00007275168,0.000018895458,0.00005539373,0.000006443206,0.00005574026,0.00012414966],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000120348595,0.000016126583,0.00013237377,0.00006783069,0.000028509816,0.000012708222,0.0002794089,0.00013708054,0.9391434,0.00040826979,0.0500209,0.00974136],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000658124,0.000020542228,0.00091704936,0.000012923402,0.000017460467,0.000032835764,0.00044829515,0.009659181,0.7769682,0.0001992196,0.210707,0.00035918842],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005883837,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000015145713,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.31648102,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000025732841,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000032732335,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3853584},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2105026576","doi":"10.1109/ccece.1998.685580","title":"High speed linear CCD sensors with pinned photodiode photosites","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalsa Corporation","funders":"","keywords":"Photodiode; Image sensor; Optoelectronics; Noise (video); Optics; Physics; Quantum efficiency; Materials science; Computer science; Image (mathematics); Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.008257377222403892,"score_gpt":0.1715353182069619,"score_spread":0.16327794098455803,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2105026576","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9653318,0.00009608399,0.000272339,0.00018434106,0.00015482966,0.00013199328,0.000007736415,0.0011765505,0.032644346],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9882255,0.00005360436,0.0039916197,0.00019388217,0.00013791915,0.000003048866,0.000006028747,0.00006373008,0.007324624],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991255,0.000010019983,0.00016086451,0.00019702828,0.0001726621,0.00033393368],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995357,0.00003394271,0.000016261803,0.00028197392,0.000031750402,0.00010037389],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.000032969485,0.00021704381,0.00020504862,0.00008164123,0.000052271524,0.000043088872,0.00010872347,0.000053860174,0.0020651633],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000008741733,0.00017537456,0.000048904894,0.00023291906,0.000044217533,0.00010293551,0.000012042747,0.00015625998,0.0007979614],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010705861,0.00038890663,0.004192655,0.00030717222,0.000661528,0.0005278698,0.002795533,0.4073391,0.4676204,0.00081240875,0.110003464,0.0052439026],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001325311,0.00008426533,0.00053885294,0.000049152954,0.00004477608,0.00009050334,0.00017762839,0.47472578,0.5025803,0.000022511957,0.01966838,0.00069253537],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008750976,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000021010472,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.090335086,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000029854955,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000023221437,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99998003},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2105888720","doi":"10.1109/55.954914","title":"Readout circuit in active pixel sensors in amorphous silicon technology","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Electron Device Letters","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":49,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Amplifier; Noise (video); Pixel; Linearity; Detector; Fixed-pattern noise; Optoelectronics; Materials science; Electrical engineering; Charge amplifier; Silicon; SIGNAL (programming language); Reading (process); Electronic engineering; CMOS; Physics; Computer science; Engineering; Optics; Operational amplifier; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.007513339564672573,"score_gpt":0.21174284809901575,"score_spread":0.20422950853434318,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2105888720","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9947999,0.00015706281,0.00010391786,0.0028956719,0.00021619487,0.00020472724,0.0000016640821,0.00048632076,0.0011345044],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983417,0.000080266465,0.000037935763,0.0012704361,0.000092398615,0.000030089263,0.0000036063525,0.00006634789,0.00007724714],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983703,0.000038928116,0.0002886649,0.0003431687,0.0001447485,0.00081417395],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99954045,0.000057324112,0.000036791793,0.00030152663,0.000014270663,0.000049648268],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000095991294,0.00026403953,0.0003026926,0.00069616945,0.000025780773,0.00002355754,0.00022071156,0.00015767565,0.00001652607],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000021188089,0.00031285468,0.000049522376,0.0011008014,0.00005954828,0.00015134492,0.000010727328,0.00075681467,0.00011615967],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000029629973,0.00004163959,0.012977334,0.000026766855,0.00002969079,0.0003921894,0.00059669244,0.020262195,0.9557864,0.000050785784,0.0007457706,0.009060881],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004216694,0.00018371575,0.06093277,0.0003551336,0.000060466155,0.000888893,0.00087848026,0.016482115,0.87331223,0.00056811306,0.039564166,0.0025571897],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00015361357,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007295078,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.082474165,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00047091773,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016071108,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99993235},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2105936040","doi":"10.1109/dftvs.2004.1347826","title":"Defect avoidance in a 3-D heterogeneous sensor","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Multispectral image; Detector; Bolometer; Sensor array; SIGNAL (programming language); Image sensor; Pixel; Microbolometer; Fault (geology); Computer science; Spare part; Software; Fault tolerance; Fault detection and isolation; Acoustics; Materials science; Engineering; Artificial intelligence; Physics; Geology; Telecommunications; Actuator; Seismology","score_opus":0.005002696342785411,"score_gpt":0.18777039164270057,"score_spread":0.18276769529991516,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2105936040","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.989111,0.00022745196,0.0014232441,0.00014003683,0.000107844164,0.000049685277,9.1065897e-7,0.00036447888,0.0085753715],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981472,0.00002209728,0.0013917085,0.00027061743,0.000018628985,0.0000034155184,5.49761e-7,0.000018123386,0.00012764355],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99959385,0.0000041917833,0.00008516174,0.000090868474,0.000051985757,0.00017396809],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998384,0.000009993328,0.0000036080382,0.00011302933,0.0000045483075,0.000030385223],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00002730254,0.0000771268,0.00007627952,0.000044637538,0.000010850091,0.000013092656,0.000045361172,0.00002047209,0.00003337027],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000006758547,0.00007501933,0.000040384835,0.000101928206,0.00001049762,0.000033956476,0.000006150973,0.00007864315,0.00018115103],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000040088084,0.000027493343,0.001566,0.000027535762,0.00001736022,0.00017643972,0.00037472945,0.96523476,0.028338585,0.00033298988,0.0004095189,0.003490607],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.007971978,0.00018651623,0.023301652,0.00042488266,0.00004150047,0.0013538082,0.000526897,0.12428084,0.74634415,0.0057391357,0.086679615,0.0031490442],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000045023513,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00012798692,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8409539,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000054773966,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000042709403,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.30591995},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2106690679","doi":"10.1109/tip.2009.2028926","title":"3-D Brain MRI Tissue Classification on FPGAs","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Image Processing","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital; McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Field-programmable gate array; Computer science; Speedup; Algorithm; Volume (thermodynamics); Gate array; Artificial intelligence; Pattern recognition (psychology); Parallel computing; Computer hardware","score_opus":0.012799465146079353,"score_gpt":0.2590029498526244,"score_spread":0.24620348470654504,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2106690679","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.015530467,0.00009795215,0.96830523,0.0028763933,0.0003320222,0.00015394721,0.000008794549,0.0010948933,0.011600318],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99397635,0.00002553847,0.0044718045,0.00054747314,0.00008879797,0.000012784434,0.0000029337389,0.00004232857,0.00083200773],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99906904,0.000017971253,0.00020575094,0.00024694158,0.00019162144,0.00026868898],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99959075,0.000036842743,0.000029104667,0.0002200775,0.000045284705,0.000077908495],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008012193,0.00019999011,0.00014010187,0.00018152397,0.00021310357,0.00015304382,0.00011524421,0.000073095405,0.000059016827],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000047187264,0.000210509,0.000052527983,0.00031474847,0.000039960803,0.00033767405,1.6748766e-7,0.00032993668,0.00020697192],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001851017,0.00010940837,4.6192187e-7,0.000051246254,0.000008968891,0.0000081838525,0.00046693353,0.044606205,0.24880268,0.000019431895,0.0016217149,0.7042863],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006323826,0.00016400965,0.0003516506,0.00026854788,0.00004299884,0.000037582522,0.00022228442,0.26537204,0.7230918,0.00038834938,0.008839959,0.00058843376],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000023799216,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002670336,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9784459,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009535363,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000020094569,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.85843074},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2107104233","doi":"10.1109/mwscas.1997.662261","title":"A BiCMOS VLSI implementation of an intelligent sensor","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Windsor","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Very-large-scale integration; Computer science; Interconnection; BiCMOS; Robustness (evolution); Modularity (biology); Artificial neural network; Embedded system; Computer architecture; Electronic engineering; Transistor; Engineering; Electrical engineering; Telecommunications; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.009832033605743664,"score_gpt":0.2710363593279631,"score_spread":0.26120432572221947,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2107104233","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9931708,0.000028585357,0.0025145826,0.00008991361,0.00005998488,0.00006365261,0.0000037954921,0.0001849219,0.0038837742],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9936703,0.000013038732,0.005979323,0.000051974155,0.000067469344,0.000001908157,0.000005676436,0.000012485198,0.00019785836],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996299,0.000005420187,0.00013628742,0.00006032267,0.00006643272,0.000101595666],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99983156,0.0000069331663,0.000010123106,0.00010212069,0.000015911333,0.000033361317],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000037679645,0.000057164376,0.00006158481,0.000043494027,0.000009759076,0.000008526343,0.00004063478,0.000013983435,0.0006159613],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000001451818,0.000053800002,0.000022611455,0.00006217779,0.000008082689,0.00008659773,0.0000053233525,0.000031260464,0.000053142092],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000043522687,0.000051921095,0.0013347255,0.000054397897,0.00004765216,0.000002355785,0.0025363443,0.030515833,0.12353123,0.0011430305,0.0023231362,0.838455],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002327552,0.000033806,0.0027581842,0.0000056690333,0.000014657388,0.000007799669,0.0024026926,0.06890708,0.9060353,0.000043267737,0.019408925,0.00014982781],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000058388443,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00013388153,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8383052,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000021657977,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000036056508,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6744344},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2108670991","doi":"10.1109/tns.2006.874620","title":"Proton damage effects in high performance P-channel CCDs","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalsa Corporation","funders":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","keywords":"Proton; Channel (broadcasting); Materials science; Physics; Optoelectronics; Nuclear physics; Electrical engineering; Engineering","score_opus":0.0036842382485508915,"score_gpt":0.1812232305044729,"score_spread":0.177538992255922,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2108670991","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9935864,0.0000048689944,0.0040084445,0.000043333064,0.00053095,0.00023679204,0.0000021712785,0.0003119971,0.00127503],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992866,0.000010984076,0.00046356238,0.000036368478,0.000022899756,0.00002061036,6.602346e-8,0.00002489358,0.00013400239],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991171,0.000008966955,0.00012156136,0.00021001355,0.0002287737,0.00031359156],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996924,0.00001866671,0.000011211652,0.00021109311,0.000018253351,0.000048380374],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012922376,0.00011812104,0.000096031414,0.0002469339,0.00017691481,0.00006412695,0.00021060438,0.000034991685,0.000021079726],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000001649368,0.00012019792,0.000025847907,0.00074474834,0.00016924876,0.00037912253,9.56499e-7,0.0002172712,0.00014259592],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008091726,0.000075887816,0.000056396406,0.000072992836,0.0000016544188,0.000008469705,0.00020470003,0.96606797,0.027581861,0.00004666334,0.00004581284,0.005829501],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00043781838,0.00008417173,0.016915217,0.00009803881,0.000004999277,0.000009575562,0.000025013664,0.8708092,0.11099462,0.000044385477,0.0003211594,0.0002558147],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000922651,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000017498329,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.09525878,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010639226,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014792295,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4901529},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2108857643","doi":"10.1109/icsens.2004.1426140","title":"Design of a sensor array circuit for edge detection","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Pixel; Compensation (psychology); Electronic engineering; Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution; Logic gate; Digital electronics; Electronic circuit; Asynchronous circuit; Circuit extraction; Computer hardware; Electrical engineering; Engineering; Voltage; Equivalent circuit; Artificial intelligence; Synchronous circuit","score_opus":0.015159018145391149,"score_gpt":0.1934138922887701,"score_spread":0.17825487414337896,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2108857643","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.05258788,0.000036220772,0.9406779,0.000008281311,0.0001478063,0.00014118417,0.0000021872852,0.00023484079,0.0061637005],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99273276,0.0000015586595,0.0063632014,0.0000074449995,0.000089245514,0.000010147771,0.00000123215,0.000018050976,0.0007763826],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999679,0.0000047734598,0.0001031267,0.00006286701,0.000041220836,0.00010895692],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99983203,0.00004362478,0.0000105482895,0.00007833534,0.000022940945,0.000012532135],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00004696879,0.000059371698,0.00007611886,0.000040379913,0.000016388221,0.0000073941105,0.000028088189,0.000027425262,0.000018820469],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000066725734,0.00005785416,0.000033733293,0.000063403,0.000009536631,0.000031552234,0.0000011270871,0.00002680445,0.000009781281],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000036540882,0.000008394112,0.00002282371,0.00003608474,0.000008569694,2.570513e-7,0.00004365604,0.03746236,0.95745337,0.00011499971,0.00075414317,0.004091709],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00021145686,0.000019146593,0.00019472268,0.0000058530363,0.000010538875,0.0000046624823,0.00003206107,0.046213742,0.9505241,0.00056317286,0.0021269445,0.00009359456],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000018214485,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006380028,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.94014484,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000017162107,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000027563794,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.23592241},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2110291892","doi":"10.1109/iscas.2005.1465698","title":"FPGA Implementation of a CDMA Source Coding and Modulation Subsystem for a Multiband Fluorometer with Pattern Recognition Capabilities","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal; Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Field-programmable gate array; Demodulation; MicroBlaze; Computer science; Computer hardware; Modulation (music); Coding (social sciences); Code division multiple access; Fluorometer; Electronic engineering; Embedded system; Channel (broadcasting); Engineering; Telecommunications; Physics","score_opus":0.013405528150498093,"score_gpt":0.22531755958703645,"score_spread":0.21191203143653836,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2110291892","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.89835554,0.000017746934,0.101160415,0.000037914768,0.000019894298,0.00024337517,0.000019687343,0.000079847196,0.000065578286],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9959734,0.0000041485123,0.003847184,0.000013087615,0.0000438104,0.00002932759,0.000026852282,0.000017233406,0.00004492228],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995873,0.000007973623,0.00015528692,0.000089411784,0.00006144529,0.000098557626],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99981165,0.00004623392,0.000027490643,0.000053928994,0.000041385156,0.000019308425],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006901605,0.00007507313,0.000095598676,0.000058462978,0.00002566664,0.000020345098,0.000014806883,0.000019491239,0.00002963128],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000003194615,0.00006583522,0.000017593213,0.000036700432,0.000012987842,0.00015232526,0.0000031111913,0.000021136371,0.0000010260758],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000023170493,0.0000142889185,0.013716855,0.0006543948,0.00006492211,1.6847794e-7,0.0069653336,0.0062461547,0.02478436,0.000007532687,0.000112769885,0.94741005],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0029842623,0.00016999552,0.03009603,0.00018144451,0.00007620677,0.000022110751,0.009533692,0.6881154,0.26784578,0.00004878955,0.0005302722,0.0003960186],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010765249,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00035090395,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.94701403,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000027713944,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000024391081,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.26846823},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2110643826","doi":"10.1117/12.876947","title":"Tradeoffs in imager design parameters for sensor reliability","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Pixel; Offset (computer science); Image sensor; Sensitivity (control systems); Field of view; Reliability (semiconductor); Optics; Computer science; Materials science; Power (physics); Artificial intelligence; Electronic engineering; Physics; Engineering","score_opus":0.021551642634815904,"score_gpt":0.2204904028339575,"score_spread":0.19893876019914158,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2110643826","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99521613,0.000083338986,0.000661058,0.00066438434,0.00031178852,0.0009149862,0.00004500893,0.0001949284,0.0019083945],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.39785326,0.00007592104,0.60134053,0.00008997508,0.00016646502,0.00028117883,0.000004589985,0.00010837933,0.00007973661],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99787927,2.2037048e-8,0.00077685417,0.0003956817,0.00041991659,0.0005282746],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985019,0.00030085852,0.00016235802,0.00007811654,0.0008388097,0.00011796676],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008686663,0.00036527473,0.000466584,0.00012991313,0.000046332858,0.000064581574,0.0007081906,0.0001970152,0.000008537334],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007953112,0.00032673148,0.0006105334,0.0003174123,0.00022070795,0.00053459767,0.0000587455,0.00032790666,0.0000015598854],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004928425,0.0003909387,0.0009088687,0.0016526523,0.00072949316,5.498612e-7,0.0023546186,0.0059695845,0.8175624,0.16110739,0.007551443,0.0012792244],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0030240654,0.00056511443,0.0023507057,0.00053660665,0.00031329383,0.00003562769,0.0038574117,0.30990282,0.6683624,0.0065432703,0.0033831673,0.0011255691],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000013487542,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.0067881e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.60067946,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020139368,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000019874376,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99991846},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2111158545","doi":"10.1049/iet-cds:20070028","title":"Noise optimisation analysis of an active pixel sensor for low-noise real-time X-ray fluoroscopy","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IET Circuits Devices & Systems","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Noise (video); Fluoroscopy; Computer science; Electronic engineering; Image noise; Dark-frame subtraction; Pixel; Noise generator; Noise floor; Acoustics; Noise measurement; Noise figure; Computer vision; Engineering; CMOS; Physics; Noise reduction; Image processing; Image (mathematics); Median filter","score_opus":0.010197694275859566,"score_gpt":0.24955207579447772,"score_spread":0.23935438151861815,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2111158545","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98544806,0.0001991754,0.009061875,0.000007984983,0.0005767132,0.00068212394,0.00022432624,0.0004204987,0.003379248],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985637,0.000022845632,0.0005006629,0.000016802476,0.0002768402,0.00003614772,0.00020122217,0.00008162716,0.0003001295],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9979544,0.00006315342,0.00071861065,0.00040748378,0.00036367815,0.0004926729],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984848,0.00027374446,0.0002443252,0.0005477471,0.00025880273,0.00019056439],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006066316,0.00031664938,0.0007173455,0.00052112446,0.000085976906,0.000091398564,0.00024759042,0.00016891533,0.000027084987],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000034114186,0.00032838463,0.00024475795,0.0009183041,0.000043962835,0.0003822736,0.000011440128,0.00011292325,0.00003141377],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000038994014,0.00009591645,0.0010602104,0.0007086759,0.0012539617,0.000007443654,0.0027021887,0.4042249,0.5844153,0.000040982763,0.00011176638,0.0053396225],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010763394,0.00014676899,0.028615901,0.00033540072,0.0020002797,0.00001175282,0.003103859,0.9041678,0.057605766,0.0000066481693,0.0019991726,0.00093036203],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00022056776,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009879937,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5268096,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018049892,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002679813,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999168},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2111326344","doi":"10.1109/dft.2009.49","title":"Characterization of Gain Enhanced In-Field Defects in Digital Imagers","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Pixel; Noise (video); Characterization (materials science); Materials science; Range (aeronautics); Computer science; Digital image; Artificial intelligence; Optics; Image processing; Physics; Image (mathematics)","score_opus":0.0029848729628167182,"score_gpt":0.18777455976037588,"score_spread":0.18478968679755917,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2111326344","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97706985,0.0000054732723,0.0029352412,0.00003608033,0.000036599136,0.000044644232,7.942563e-7,0.00005721854,0.019814122],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997569,0.000007935408,0.000057349334,0.00006404094,0.000010764395,8.1593396e-7,0.0000053976155,0.0000050032986,0.00009182698],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99969375,0.000002061742,0.00011282674,0.000056001503,0.00003986321,0.00009549296],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998995,0.000014287629,0.000008531728,0.00005869625,0.0000061322075,0.000012816679],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000020527748,0.000050336723,0.00007654671,0.00007915656,0.0000023112514,0.000012026215,0.000031554428,0.00002271158,0.000017460667],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000020444979,0.00005226052,0.0000152484845,0.00014563258,0.0000037827172,0.00015989071,0.000002657102,0.000048608796,0.000008511817],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000042402653,0.00001744989,0.0019530999,0.00000980125,9.82642e-7,0.0000031355062,0.00024838216,0.00091175054,0.9764468,0.00008953313,0.00001119482,0.020303613],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00023917996,0.000022794851,0.041195773,0.000039663206,7.5008154e-7,5.5988085e-7,0.000040312683,0.0061647827,0.9520105,0.00015902027,0.000030067478,0.00009659353],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005221413,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008864558,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03924267,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000014781816,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000026643047,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2131122},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2111839224","doi":"10.1109/camp.1997.631914","title":"Investigating real-time validation of real-time image processing ASICs","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Emulation; Computer science; Application-specific integrated circuit; Computer architecture; Architecture; Design flow; Static timing analysis; Image processing; Embedded system; Hardware emulation; Electronic circuit; Image (mathematics); Real-time computing; Computer hardware; Field-programmable gate array; Artificial intelligence; Engineering","score_opus":0.01637843613521323,"score_gpt":0.2389887973115781,"score_spread":0.22261036117636487,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2111839224","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7213015,0.000081635146,0.0015290949,0.000098243836,0.00021707526,0.0003656355,0.000042338892,0.0019635982,0.27440086],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.75590825,0.0008006597,0.22662216,0.00004305776,0.00084119703,0.00005637051,0.0005714099,0.00054383586,0.01461304],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981585,0.00004808226,0.0006756767,0.0004116081,0.00035379385,0.00035230478],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99887514,0.000068971676,0.00023935139,0.00053029443,0.00017195675,0.0001142753],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026736446,0.00041358836,0.0005440796,0.00017855894,0.00006117054,0.00015573106,0.00028653964,0.00027798416,0.0005044921],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009743664,0.0004459067,0.00013405095,0.00023257114,0.000102180646,0.00020877222,0.00018881685,0.000475628,0.00020872908],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000026443433,0.00005965532,0.00038386692,0.00370894,0.00012847573,0.000011611769,0.0027353312,0.08765434,0.879478,0.000081671504,0.01088247,0.014873043],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002476586,0.00001519174,0.00042759947,0.0011909733,0.00011372493,0.000011579648,0.00008695903,0.76950145,0.22590697,0.001482701,0.0001672093,0.0008480088],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00019408193,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000010717532,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6818471,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012362433,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000059910475,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99979925},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2112116115","doi":"10.1109/tim.2007.903581","title":"Characterization and Simple Fixed Pattern Noise Correction in Wide Dynamic Range “Logarithmic” Imagers","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"University of Oxford","keywords":"Dynamic range; Pixel; Logarithm; High dynamic range; Fixed-pattern noise; Noise (video); Contrast (vision); Range (aeronautics); Computer science; Wide dynamic range; Computer vision; High-dynamic-range imaging; Artificial intelligence; Image quality; Dark-frame subtraction; Image sensor; Mathematics; Image (mathematics); Image restoration; Image processing; Engineering; Mathematical analysis","score_opus":0.011317754458309945,"score_gpt":0.2180646542200622,"score_spread":0.20674689976175226,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2112116115","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5950209,0.000010869348,0.40402415,0.000059881873,0.00056852214,0.00016808759,0.000007845345,0.00007754715,0.000062204716],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994899,0.00016112885,0.000103684324,0.0001389939,0.000011252903,0.000020716834,0.000015621079,0.000019330893,0.000039380855],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992233,0.000020635674,0.00022773982,0.00016307032,0.00019900249,0.00016623498],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997831,0.000018756533,0.000029367273,0.0000712492,0.000033732653,0.00006377476],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022383756,0.00013273215,0.00010428945,0.00021951662,0.00008351158,0.000040845105,0.000022517808,0.000045501558,0.000024692452],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000027968501,0.00015006635,0.000022256996,0.00013827729,0.000026527174,0.00019705102,4.1671052e-7,0.00013052061,0.000004592682],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005648138,0.00007026227,0.0042113666,0.000053856274,0.000028992294,0.0000034570937,0.0011629481,0.0026923863,0.24703251,8.033395e-7,0.000017684837,0.74466926],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005173154,0.0001760955,0.50708497,0.000234743,0.00009704218,0.00004009811,0.0020468682,0.16070573,0.32265982,0.00001872418,0.0010457153,0.0007170409],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009570294,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010899021,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7439522,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022811852,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007977285,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.61195284},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2112953110","doi":"","title":"A real-time colour and image processing p-i-n/p-i-n device with optical readout","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Redalyc (Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México)","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Photodiode; Diode; Anode; Optoelectronics; Transmittance; Materials science; Optics; Scanner; Voltage; Charge-coupled device; Image sensor; Physics; Electrode","score_opus":0.005871153998614242,"score_gpt":0.20226702558307502,"score_spread":0.19639587158446078,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2112953110","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9405314,0.00017517466,0.0038458707,0.00027173612,0.000027439324,0.00018858515,0.000012646124,0.000866349,0.054080833],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.964877,0.00004560442,0.032581378,0.00003530482,0.00009760956,0.0000051797024,0.000017668415,0.000101008794,0.0022392452],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99846214,0.000032396045,0.0002176501,0.00040676148,0.00024390228,0.0006371726],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993144,0.00006888755,0.000064099106,0.00025361936,0.00009400753,0.00020493165],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001174016,0.00034422317,0.00034773673,0.00024223494,0.00020364934,0.00020102569,0.00019857884,0.00015973052,0.000045254044],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000011842972,0.00036192383,0.00006245644,0.0005102901,0.00022026898,0.00052729476,0.000059323138,0.00028848439,0.00006013882],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00061592984,0.00051388855,0.015205874,0.001556249,0.0004108995,0.0065252623,0.0038824691,0.0159738,0.8708215,0.013459515,0.009956392,0.06107824],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005882264,0.00047132318,0.15095048,0.0009439115,0.0007377727,0.0027694018,0.0045415917,0.79973036,0.01922318,0.0009727036,0.010531943,0.0032450699],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003220945,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006406101,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8515983,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002632451,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012640754,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998833},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2113831087","doi":"10.1109/ccece.1993.332468","title":"VLSI implementation of receptive fields for smart vision sensors","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Receptive field; Very-large-scale integration; Computer science; Focus (optics); Microelectronics; Field (mathematics); Artificial intelligence; Computer vision; Computer hardware; Embedded system; Engineering; Mathematics","score_opus":0.013070510977696641,"score_gpt":0.2641518333355468,"score_spread":0.2510813223578502,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2113831087","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9707864,0.00006967058,0.008289881,0.0003852593,0.0002991612,0.00025101294,0.000016260381,0.00021117185,0.01969122],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99648404,0.000031628046,0.0023414656,0.00003621214,0.00003303189,0.0000059313634,0.0000054353036,0.000011690731,0.0010505538],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99964935,0.000004580335,0.00012323064,0.00006681998,0.00005439936,0.00010164663],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99982846,0.000036200614,0.000013322097,0.00007618175,0.000026604386,0.000019219146],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000030986914,0.000057357058,0.000072986804,0.000036900467,0.000017435013,0.000006896782,0.00003045,0.000027036123,0.00091677654],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000005538158,0.000054307122,0.000039897863,0.00005701036,0.000008543523,0.000059053007,0.000004695171,0.00003087663,0.000021510357],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000022843129,0.00009332969,0.0029429744,0.00039966003,0.00017797697,0.0000021729866,0.009924143,0.014179602,0.08939317,0.0023486023,0.40828103,0.47223452],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0023169876,0.00042267397,0.0072303964,0.00005662427,0.000079927915,0.000007956867,0.006882493,0.34562755,0.5717359,0.00071087776,0.06430379,0.0006247761],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000026412548,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000032411514,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.48234278,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000013021463,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":9.10463e-7,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99999654},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2114335770","doi":"10.1109/mwscas.1994.519280","title":"A programmable intelligent optical sensor realization","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Windsor","funders":"","keywords":"Realization (probability); Computer science; Inverter; Feed forward; Electronic engineering; CMOS; Comparator; Current mirror; Operational amplifier; Very-large-scale integration; Artificial neural network; Chip; Amplifier; Computer hardware; Electrical engineering; Engineering; Transistor; Voltage; Embedded system; Telecommunications; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.016826382896364657,"score_gpt":0.2027327299090074,"score_spread":0.18590634701264275,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2114335770","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.13321649,0.0005133677,0.2135601,0.00062478834,0.00059210946,0.00040344166,0.0000023018836,0.0038276648,0.6472597],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9866301,0.00012513917,0.006258411,0.00006401163,0.00007708629,0.0000073756387,0.000003851607,0.000026038138,0.0068080276],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995877,0.000003745847,0.00009527867,0.000077875724,0.000074397765,0.0001609714],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998138,0.0000094539155,0.0000040087684,0.00010660073,0.000015520549,0.000050636852],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00002505907,0.00006745324,0.00005975067,0.00002988189,0.000018940842,0.00003528694,0.000037303857,0.000027126152,0.0005972452],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000010646081,0.000061023915,0.000023995352,0.00011119753,0.0000140931,0.000045433157,0.000006419508,0.000051476738,0.00044851078],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000074395725,0.00026955846,0.0016350567,0.00020344633,0.00012287681,0.00007517475,0.0019000098,0.0894236,0.011073082,0.042227704,0.113429286,0.7396328],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00011651646,0.000019201201,0.000087616776,0.000012007247,0.000009882373,0.000025458345,0.00010055908,0.81008404,0.017613817,0.00013610876,0.17160816,0.00018661555],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000059204153,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003420127,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8534136,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000022165807,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":7.155385e-7,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.65394163},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2115186807","doi":"10.1117/12.722511","title":"Design flow for implementing image processing in FPGAs","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"General Dynamics (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Field-programmable gate array; VHDL; Computer science; FPGA prototype; Embedded system; Design flow; Digital signal processing; Image processing; Process (computing); Computer hardware; Hardware description language; Image (mathematics); Artificial intelligence; Operating system","score_opus":0.01430310944525953,"score_gpt":0.24488614478742948,"score_spread":0.23058303534216995,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2115186807","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99144125,0.00021197663,0.0050493423,0.00049051596,0.0002270376,0.0008211946,0.000031457756,0.00021456699,0.001512652],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.4082577,0.000057544432,0.59073895,0.000059626258,0.00048627553,0.00016472944,0.0000109539205,0.00013845625,0.00008576065],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99745625,1.0194184e-8,0.0009004247,0.0003599185,0.0004986267,0.0007847804],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984592,0.00018082687,0.00021934278,0.00005207582,0.00097544404,0.000113064234],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0015563996,0.00036785772,0.0004313209,0.00019265349,0.00009372306,0.00014976556,0.0006763243,0.00016451949,0.0000073144643],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003677881,0.0003446827,0.00044183483,0.00043562628,0.00013065829,0.0006441091,0.00009104551,0.00032714452,9.698379e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001154719,0.00009053517,0.00025865648,0.0014366024,0.00019686104,2.990334e-7,0.00089724007,0.0031451208,0.947016,0.03974849,0.0030223299,0.004072378],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0018576748,0.00016507822,0.0006398329,0.0005617002,0.00012422258,0.00001938362,0.0024610031,0.6252501,0.36290187,0.0016066896,0.0038028092,0.0006096459],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000056644526,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.858674e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.622105,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023596686,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000026638007,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999005},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2115413847","doi":"10.1117/12.643453","title":"Noise analysis of fault tolerant active pixel sensors with and without defects","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Pixel; Noise (video); Sensitivity (control systems); Image sensor; Redundancy (engineering); Photocurrent; Shot noise; Materials science; Standard deviation; Optics; Computer science; Physics; Optoelectronics; Electronic engineering; Artificial intelligence; Mathematics; Engineering; Image (mathematics); Statistics","score_opus":0.005718351671266609,"score_gpt":0.20536811546776182,"score_spread":0.1996497637964952,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2115413847","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9967271,0.00010588418,0.00007000603,0.00022784449,0.000073422576,0.0003189382,0.000064310465,0.00012317875,0.0022892796],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97530895,0.000051765353,0.024299558,0.000018776629,0.00012574864,0.000040610783,0.0000099028775,0.00006264164,0.000082058905],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982212,1.4652503e-8,0.00054903334,0.00032301384,0.0005556302,0.00035108053],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99857223,0.000095169016,0.00023680262,0.00006069569,0.00094216206,0.00009292263],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022208349,0.00034286422,0.00061229547,0.00022755955,0.000052114756,0.000067245506,0.00037014738,0.00013512737,0.0000055634196],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009584635,0.00027523874,0.00048145416,0.00067039044,0.00025420956,0.00034844055,0.00006115486,0.00025115552,3.7101864e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016811231,0.00011973454,0.0071383417,0.0006903281,0.0029434958,1.6864486e-7,0.00048017138,0.026479498,0.8807358,0.08049353,0.00050672336,0.0002440633],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0021013902,0.00032111,0.030406987,0.00048048125,0.0025593017,0.000029053448,0.002095226,0.5343323,0.42540205,0.00045431242,0.0009884686,0.0008293471],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000028997254,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000013712341,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5078528,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000983952,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013927031,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99996996},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2115424089","doi":"10.1109/pacrim.1989.48304","title":"High-speed 2-D hardware convolution architecture based on VLSI systolic arrays","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Very-large-scale integration; Convolution (computer science); Computer science; Systolic array; Chip; CMOS; Computer hardware; Image processing; Parallel computing; Embedded system; Image (mathematics); Artificial intelligence; Electronic engineering; Artificial neural network; Engineering","score_opus":0.00582721892207529,"score_gpt":0.18022026655794934,"score_spread":0.17439304763587404,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2115424089","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.55466074,0.00024968895,0.2649974,0.00083011517,0.0023828947,0.0005828486,0.000041295287,0.0038075978,0.17244746],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99599296,0.0000028018296,0.0023800614,0.0003209565,0.00007435406,0.0000043438126,0.000014849272,0.00003916352,0.0011705072],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99924666,0.000031266492,0.00013213427,0.00016981135,0.00015563145,0.00026449596],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99957806,0.00003977559,0.0000135276605,0.00026639146,0.000022893459,0.00007934879],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000063113024,0.00017468924,0.0001565321,0.0001031692,0.000053075404,0.000031166433,0.00007569896,0.000064629065,0.00034794564],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000350835,0.00015592211,0.00006295444,0.0001582081,0.000023034767,0.00003335938,0.0000030638982,0.00018742093,0.00021671598],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010701671,0.00003705851,0.00019524807,0.00009760189,0.000027897535,0.000017205492,0.00014961696,0.96457314,0.015376452,0.008779808,0.008967333,0.0017679095],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0032093558,0.00016077021,0.0030285274,0.00028484754,0.00007657953,0.00007150644,0.00023014937,0.65924776,0.18264738,0.0010732693,0.14843024,0.0015396219],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000023472558,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000099581,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.44133225,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007543352,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013703029,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6358319},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2115909400","doi":"10.1557/proc-665-c7.7","title":"Image Sensor Arrays with Organic Photoconductors","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"MRS Proceedings","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Xerox (Canada)","funders":"National Institute of Standards and Technology","keywords":"Materials science; Optoelectronics; Image sensor; Bilayer; Amorphous silicon; Pixel; Layer (electronics); Sensor array; Image resolution; Silicon; Nanotechnology; Optics; Crystalline silicon; Computer science","score_opus":0.006698102774405096,"score_gpt":0.19043254686140482,"score_spread":0.1837344440869997,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2115909400","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9630418,0.000034527668,0.00024010145,0.00012989581,0.00011103413,0.00025450575,0.00000170505,0.0009806205,0.03520581],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99516416,0.00003448884,0.0033218127,0.000104464394,0.00018826782,0.000030459834,0.0000021922192,0.000098451856,0.0010556855],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99908835,0.0000013302451,0.00014299038,0.00022087178,0.0001703402,0.00037610903],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996756,0.000008417779,0.000025419757,0.00009895838,0.0000847068,0.000106946776],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000056505876,0.00021523528,0.00017388568,0.00008830238,0.000068192596,0.000104156024,0.00013386433,0.000052327592,0.00030633312],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000016640874,0.00018494963,0.000036059297,0.0003940988,0.00005823947,0.0002951666,0.000014501628,0.00020004676,0.00020364896],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000021857648,0.000026872976,0.0073947893,0.00010991662,0.000053669937,0.000045597324,0.0016469595,0.000038680046,0.9786803,0.0000682662,0.011262689,0.0006503593],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0030697905,0.00029013937,0.006279866,0.00032071595,0.00016609917,0.0016015796,0.006567742,0.01928417,0.72012943,0.00043415983,0.23935497,0.0025013275],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000777102,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000027027286,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2585509,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000059556147,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009719636,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7542027},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2117370575","doi":"10.1109/nssmic.2005.1596926","title":"Real-Time Coincidence Detection System for Digital High Resolution APD-based Animal PET Scanner","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"","keywords":"Timestamp; Coincidence; Computer science; Scanner; Coincidence detection in neurobiology; Coincidence counting; Computer hardware; Real-time computing; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.0037315332713611527,"score_gpt":0.17568649212231713,"score_spread":0.17195495885095596,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2117370575","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.93447554,0.000015951464,0.052725606,0.00004906715,0.00023899204,0.0002468872,0.00004737553,0.0017089804,0.010491602],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9965347,4.6801367e-7,0.002211718,0.0000043540026,0.0002019784,0.000022069144,0.000040123596,0.000035040513,0.000949567],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992905,0.000007230978,0.00018088176,0.00016388496,0.00012403514,0.00023346617],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99969727,0.00004736028,0.000024432955,0.00014158465,0.00005223899,0.000037122776],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006867062,0.00012673704,0.00012007485,0.000067915,0.00007312329,0.00009235881,0.000059211023,0.00003800652,0.000013029893],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000011684736,0.00012503778,0.000059546586,0.00011501693,0.000020712703,0.00020289765,0.0000064007054,0.000047316353,0.000079964055],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016483302,0.000044767137,0.00026247455,0.00039732992,0.000025793875,0.000041127932,0.00001851307,0.18271296,0.8028895,0.0015271592,0.010125996,0.0017895256],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00050456636,0.000078106925,0.0025649,0.0000650316,0.000019907398,0.00006858155,0.000036677415,0.8674288,0.12786396,0.000047776095,0.0010489458,0.0002727942],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00041521282,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000047163812,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6847158,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019609735,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011379363,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5098893},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2117435310","doi":"10.1109/iscas.2007.378030","title":"A CMOS Contact Imager for Cell Detection in Bio-Sensing Applications","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"CMOS; Biosensor; Reset (finance); Sensitivity (control systems); Computer science; Pixel; Noise (video); CMOS sensor; Image sensor; Electronic engineering; Computer hardware; Nanotechnology; Materials science; Engineering; Artificial intelligence; Image (mathematics)","score_opus":0.0051493770241492235,"score_gpt":0.21323730167984645,"score_spread":0.20808792465569723,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2117435310","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.24616575,0.000045515197,0.74144727,0.000022757758,0.00017393996,0.00031148453,0.0000016751538,0.00028072303,0.011550888],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99126166,0.0000033161004,0.0081902025,0.0000391576,0.000066658,0.000009449721,0.000002464561,0.000019297251,0.00040777802],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995784,0.0000021253666,0.00012244837,0.00009153768,0.00003490371,0.00017058126],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99979436,0.000055775014,0.000009079862,0.000094108975,0.000018062765,0.000028614428],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000100234385,0.00006553919,0.00006380753,0.00008826041,0.00002743345,0.000016632419,0.000027018663,0.000032751705,0.000008568652],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000049064274,0.00006820447,0.000029745792,0.00014194517,0.0000061802225,0.000048277012,0.0000034952207,0.00006046476,0.000024843266],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008616123,0.000020692885,0.00023588137,0.000044061802,0.0000049368996,0.0000019049533,0.0001174283,0.00048768843,0.8905272,0.00007755312,0.00025732754,0.10821672],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005641069,0.0000151590675,0.002344946,0.000008674617,0.000008473541,0.0000070359824,0.00026791779,0.066919096,0.90290576,0.00016127982,0.026600469,0.00019706434],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003627763,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00017338045,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7450959,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000051301537,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000028399945,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.27812976},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2117536194","doi":"10.1109/iedm.1995.497202","title":"High resolution tri-linear colour TDI CCD image sensor with programmable responsivity gain","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalsa Corporation","funders":"","keywords":"Responsivity; Image sensor; Filter (signal processing); Optics; Materials science; Detector; Dynamic range; Computer science; Interference (communication); Time delay and integration; Optical filter; Optoelectronics; Photodetector; Computer vision; Physics; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.011527206650806997,"score_gpt":0.20116813175457723,"score_spread":0.18964092510377023,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2117536194","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9678046,0.00016099449,0.009368279,0.0012135796,0.00021587583,0.0005086306,0.000018480123,0.0021501393,0.018559402],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.93043655,0.00004366469,0.05070326,0.00010008832,0.00015589353,0.000024313478,0.000009830001,0.000073100855,0.018453289],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99883443,0.000056126868,0.00019544447,0.0002413306,0.00021399696,0.0004586933],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99939907,0.00006627592,0.000027172264,0.00032505766,0.0000721493,0.000110271096],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019231554,0.0002061619,0.0002126939,0.00009414963,0.00009892317,0.000067975045,0.00009566216,0.00007474853,0.00036419905],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000054776876,0.00017377902,0.00005147276,0.00034526896,0.0000707602,0.00018155927,0.0000182539,0.00022248391,0.00038106018],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0017397153,0.0015643989,0.0032139784,0.00082526676,0.0007207632,0.0017971165,0.0028294646,0.25361326,0.24526526,0.0051908777,0.41861144,0.06462845],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002606772,0.0003155637,0.0014598673,0.00007132474,0.00006782171,0.00014783004,0.00028392213,0.85791785,0.0437279,0.00007905978,0.09246655,0.00085554126],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010705794,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000055235705,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6043046,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008776185,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009103594,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7086503},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2117969467","doi":"10.1109/crv.2011.23","title":"FPGA Implementation of Blob Recognition","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Windsor","funders":"","keywords":"Field-programmable gate array; Video Graphics Array; Computer science; Embedded system; Computer hardware; FPGA prototype; Software; Component (thermodynamics); Computer architecture; Operating system","score_opus":0.032369368551952854,"score_gpt":0.23529485558126081,"score_spread":0.20292548702930796,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2117969467","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.93117714,0.000011576789,0.0013744307,0.0000057464677,0.00009005988,0.00003547777,0.000003879594,0.00012917195,0.0671725],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99791723,0.000008896147,0.0019834463,0.000012520641,0.00001214498,0.0000016495308,0.0000053386775,0.0000056206477,0.0000531482],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998203,0.0000022847057,0.00007065878,0.000028785555,0.000028554263,0.000049399612],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999266,0.0000029097316,0.000006997833,0.000040413543,0.000012469744,0.0000105692425],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000020934227,0.00002766789,0.000031214844,0.000023652541,0.000004821795,0.0000016822097,0.00001735226,0.000008850134,0.0014483498],"category_scores_gemma":[9.5599e-7,0.000027048522,0.0000130116705,0.000036512905,0.0000048892734,0.000045525725,0.000002380129,0.00001527428,0.000050485673],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005290943,0.00002969035,0.0056391177,0.00007905574,0.00005639458,0.0000021736635,0.003830416,0.00003923558,0.0430302,0.00044362282,0.006244569,0.9406002],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00018302113,0.000016633478,0.020531898,0.0000056407466,0.000010650268,0.0000021881904,0.0009286661,0.00034484046,0.9765209,0.00086071243,0.0005204979,0.000074378324],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000099346245,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000029795561,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9405258,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000048050083,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000014533904,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99946445},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2119323612","doi":"10.1109/iedm.2005.1609476","title":"The hole role","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalsa Corporation","funders":"","keywords":"Dark current; Amplifier; CMOS; Noise (video); Feature (linguistics); Computer science; Image sensor; Optoelectronics; Layer (electronics); Interface (matter); Current (fluid); Electrical engineering; Physics; Electronic engineering; Image (mathematics); Materials science; Engineering; Photodetector; Artificial intelligence; Nanotechnology","score_opus":0.0013381296549577458,"score_gpt":0.14563517443338567,"score_spread":0.14429704477842792,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2119323612","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.2732625,0.0005757121,0.0005593502,0.00025494123,0.00016263053,0.000023858234,4.7096404e-7,0.0004779246,0.7246826],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99057865,0.0000066581047,0.00010822098,0.000021427839,0.00007471488,0.0000011626239,4.8143846e-7,0.0000066815874,0.009202029],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998251,0.0000014449688,0.00003480637,0.000024966037,0.000031651613,0.00008200663],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99990183,0.000012177729,0.0000015624335,0.00007358348,0.0000034925083,0.0000073722076],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000017693925,0.000027863987,0.000018522385,0.0000049715327,0.000037032903,0.000025686688,0.000039373805,0.000007370205,0.000026262072],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000010925794,0.000017619424,0.000012622965,0.000029501649,0.000009279007,0.000016531336,0.0000036224353,0.000026884945,0.00015263718],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000028084771,0.00002481188,0.0037328938,0.000011543796,0.000029313429,0.00000788892,0.00015943061,0.124558434,0.054565698,0.07955524,0.59058493,0.14676698],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000066827815,0.0000018332256,0.004928484,0.0000013392313,0.0000019411689,0.0000019857264,0.000079428624,0.05615699,0.018246304,0.0021185013,0.9183188,0.00007753424],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000040423773,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000037618356,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.71731615,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000050725,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":8.374915e-7,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1961893},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2120067191","doi":"10.3390/s90100430","title":"CMOS Image Sensors for High Speed Applications","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Sensors","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":195,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; McMaster University","funders":"King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"CMOS; Image sensor; Pixel; Computer science; Rolling shutter; Frame rate; CMOS sensor; Electronic engineering; Chip; Computer hardware; Electrical engineering; Engineering; Artificial intelligence; Telecommunications; Shutter","score_opus":0.0063311035286572,"score_gpt":0.22324519865101727,"score_spread":0.21691409512236007,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2120067191","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97633207,0.00012064186,0.0043171137,0.0013267372,0.0004810766,0.00097074016,0.000101570506,0.001706477,0.014643591],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98760754,0.000033766555,0.009058008,0.00020208671,0.00044931026,0.00002104754,0.000045027366,0.000065108004,0.0025181354],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989331,0.0000121291605,0.0002417868,0.00026221242,0.00013706501,0.00041373735],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99932843,0.0000709276,0.00003065641,0.00038792586,0.000067855246,0.000114212744],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000075827156,0.00022324768,0.00022005023,0.000103481325,0.00010417774,0.0000562221,0.00014584967,0.000080626574,0.000048059082],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000026868445,0.00023545152,0.00010991815,0.00023226753,0.00004489812,0.000079435806,0.0000073410188,0.00014297568,0.0002687225],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000119192155,0.00037673098,0.00023381347,0.00041611562,0.0003333083,0.00007778127,0.0021121425,0.23351826,0.4926107,0.02597983,0.117247276,0.12697488],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0039693564,0.00027417546,0.00948752,0.000104359584,0.00028992866,0.00015255861,0.0011915046,0.24880543,0.2703722,0.019556949,0.44280234,0.002993649],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009020126,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000021460366,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3255551,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000054403496,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000084780695,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.96014345},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2120380548","doi":"10.1364/acp.2009.tum3","title":"Integrated CMOS Sensors for Fluorescence Spectroscopy and Imaging","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Asia Communications and Photonics Conference and Exhibition","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Software portability; Miniaturization; CMOS; Image sensor; Photodiode; Pixel; CMOS sensor; Fabrication; Materials science; Chip; Computer science; Optoelectronics; Nanotechnology; Telecommunications; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.016230872148083598,"score_gpt":0.24819752190596792,"score_spread":0.2319666497578843,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2120380548","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97858423,0.004010567,0.00648575,0.003612346,0.00005997631,0.00049812085,0.00006368531,0.000290365,0.006394958],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9777279,0.007642628,0.014417666,0.00009270239,0.000007952483,0.000016873537,0.000066325534,0.0000099123,0.000018025092],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994934,0.00001949215,0.0001438225,0.00014556888,0.000042263157,0.00015545222],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994714,0.00005903285,0.000024963341,0.00031677043,0.00006522667,0.00006257471],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009182124,0.0001257905,0.0001284563,0.00005710306,0.00021626205,0.0001365973,0.00009373918,0.000039120205,0.0000050852336],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000011677484,0.00012794003,0.000018215502,0.00008102854,0.00011831903,0.00016147146,0.000026589278,0.00014864582,9.772455e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000050863848,0.00010150809,0.0014249914,0.00013850587,0.000047524685,0.0000029504502,0.003990489,0.000042140728,0.51383495,0.09157993,0.00088795635,0.38789818],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007575227,0.00011039992,0.0042573223,0.00024561674,0.000056703262,0.00007263416,0.0018718325,0.943889,0.022223279,0.013007747,0.013058746,0.00044918363],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000026802341,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000237078,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9438469,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000015395686,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014756629,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5217243},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2120499053","doi":"10.1109/dft.2007.53","title":"A Fault-Tolerant Active Pixel Sensor to Correct In-Field Hot-Pixel Defects","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Pixel; Computer science; Computer vision; Artificial intelligence; Image sensor; Dynamic range","score_opus":0.006391383935980085,"score_gpt":0.2267959441790975,"score_spread":0.22040456024311741,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2120499053","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9200419,0.000047332243,0.02175713,0.00011876727,0.00060573145,0.00021536867,0.0000028784618,0.0004210529,0.056789815],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9961535,0.000008065002,0.001568242,0.00086457725,0.00011532707,0.0000069499943,0.0000017495887,0.000042209216,0.001239415],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99887186,0.000012488356,0.00021786573,0.00023188804,0.00016156962,0.00050433446],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99935085,0.00021685848,0.000014113509,0.00022895126,0.00003196626,0.00015725772],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014136975,0.00020471386,0.0002209365,0.00021137092,0.00003362966,0.00003116278,0.00011641699,0.00008994513,0.00010488542],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000084268875,0.00019703101,0.0000703755,0.00037195775,0.000011844098,0.00008848302,0.0000272818,0.00026408117,0.0003645708],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00069087045,0.00030838256,0.008222635,0.00018109809,0.00017724623,0.0005165263,0.0139592085,0.0424205,0.65401506,0.0008244835,0.021596942,0.25708708],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0025546134,0.0003552838,0.04965639,0.00030689567,0.00005249275,0.00017795817,0.0063107326,0.043917645,0.7922018,0.00013811843,0.10223983,0.0020882203],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00014956469,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00075585773,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.25499886,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010246922,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001125282,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8034692},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2121232809","doi":"10.1109/icce.2011.5722933","title":"Design of a DVP compatible bridge to randomly access pixels of high speed image sensors","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Pixel; Computer science; Field-programmable gate array; Bridge (graph theory); Image sensor; Chip; Image (mathematics); Computer hardware; CMOS; Artificial intelligence; Computer vision; Electronic engineering; Engineering; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.052598420713893944,"score_gpt":0.25487258121667006,"score_spread":0.2022741605027761,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2121232809","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8949029,0.000019143867,0.09283194,0.000026509553,0.00013047132,0.00031217345,0.000013024337,0.00019427923,0.0115696015],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9845809,0.000009121102,0.014982107,0.000031340158,0.000021128471,0.0000027082378,0.0000018652269,0.0000336536,0.00033721546],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991225,0.000032072006,0.00033569534,0.00013928264,0.00014977324,0.00022068457],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994208,0.000080525024,0.0000460793,0.00028236522,0.00008822402,0.00008196966],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014395737,0.00015244648,0.00037584789,0.00014616353,0.000014597756,0.000016334581,0.00024585324,0.000035305486,0.0004674836],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000027989976,0.00013976631,0.00006279986,0.00025688455,0.000046113855,0.00016261406,0.00004291288,0.00006791772,0.00005307743],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00069571007,0.0002488345,0.0020292131,0.00047663745,0.00029639906,0.00003272066,0.0057051643,0.10068218,0.8659369,0.00069097773,0.02096676,0.002238515],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0016374429,0.0000630583,0.015783252,0.00005311319,0.000036184312,0.0000065437043,0.000064281354,0.018845353,0.9630251,0.00017475734,0.00007262363,0.00023830964],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008637416,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008193282,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.097088195,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000014284912,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010668083,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5699505},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2121280239","doi":"10.1109/cvpr.2007.383416","title":"OpenVL: Towards A Novel Software Architecture for Computer Vision","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Scalability; Middleware (distributed applications); Synchronization (alternating current); Software; Software architecture; Pipeline (software); Distributed computing; Implementation; Reusability; Event (particle physics); Hardware architecture; Computer architecture; Embedded system; Software engineering; Operating system; Computer network","score_opus":0.00913385063297293,"score_gpt":0.24382858375511454,"score_spread":0.23469473312214162,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2121280239","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.027848972,0.000032644115,0.9683856,0.00014304444,0.00035854717,0.00015675806,0.000009102438,0.0005442233,0.0025211258],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.391971,0.0000020747807,0.606209,0.00059203315,0.00040899354,0.0000050672948,0.000016123577,0.00005481543,0.00074090215],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99944156,0.0000013650886,0.00011660021,0.00012257113,0.000083548686,0.0002343365],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997258,0.000051386523,0.0000073614656,0.00013173233,0.00002377868,0.000059949485],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010276835,0.0001088614,0.00010279518,0.000055914086,0.000033787685,0.00003519043,0.00009893263,0.00004603914,0.000038084174],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009451285,0.00009090975,0.000060266197,0.0000737136,0.00001305575,0.00004367081,0.000024410436,0.00008569343,0.00001741554],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000036854897,0.00005131683,0.00007495811,0.00013275429,0.000045327266,0.000008873186,0.00051728677,0.075088024,0.012713738,0.00042168295,0.029384216,0.881525],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0030265604,0.0002997711,0.011931234,0.00015075407,0.000039756378,0.00015605376,0.00011684292,0.22271581,0.04213109,0.0010145943,0.7172185,0.0011990023],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001117011,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000261334,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.880326,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000021680717,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004931356,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3707192},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2123140212","doi":"10.1109/ted.2004.841224","title":"Study of CMOS APS responsivity enhancement: ring-shaped photodiode","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Photodiode; Responsivity; CMOS; Pixel; Sensitivity (control systems); Optoelectronics; CMOS sensor; Materials science; RADIUS; Optics; Wavelength; Image sensor; Ring (chemistry); Physics; Photodetector; Electronic engineering; Computer science; Engineering; Chemistry","score_opus":0.011095653001364912,"score_gpt":0.2439830655386257,"score_spread":0.23288741253726078,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2123140212","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95838547,0.00011969649,0.03998937,0.000035985086,0.00022442524,0.0003280193,0.000007246985,0.00029225144,0.00061754225],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99953437,0.000055132845,0.00012471572,0.000036741705,0.00002307523,0.000052681542,9.546344e-7,0.000037376296,0.0001349699],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99885505,0.000038976556,0.0002772221,0.00023795103,0.00025340947,0.00033740496],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99950856,0.000052041105,0.000043629752,0.00029660188,0.000039305673,0.000059849368],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011258763,0.0002116124,0.000240432,0.0001935395,0.00011439642,0.000024366102,0.00015795376,0.000053814576,0.00005701216],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000002067973,0.00022163802,0.00007950468,0.00037014656,0.000027832042,0.00015194209,6.061165e-7,0.00029700095,0.000044717664],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00029510556,0.0023501064,0.00009372427,0.00015116709,0.0005319798,0.000024565708,0.0056884293,0.4112846,0.5711791,0.000038871945,0.000027446295,0.008334937],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0014718511,0.00067774305,0.0006097399,0.0000579251,0.00009828709,0.000009551498,0.00045971188,0.0020410393,0.99393624,0.000040488827,0.0003061783,0.00029126013],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001351507,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011968961,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.42275715,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014750236,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000032061434,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9038136},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2123325313","doi":"10.1109/icpr.1990.119378","title":"Silt: the bit-parallel approach","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Parallelism (grammar); Bit (key); Parallel computing; Sublinear function; Integer (computer science); Arithmetic; Programming language; Mathematics; Discrete mathematics; Computer network","score_opus":0.015001492882070174,"score_gpt":0.16227281390261852,"score_spread":0.14727132102054835,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2123325313","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.028970975,0.0006915443,0.006943486,0.000602226,0.00016369797,0.000080327285,7.7861415e-7,0.0006738918,0.96187305],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98508704,0.000044818993,0.0018260775,0.00021892741,0.00008768263,0.000005509245,7.398478e-7,0.00001633198,0.012712884],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996715,0.000004911689,0.000060301223,0.00006331396,0.00006572713,0.00013421917],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997808,0.000014197555,0.0000033717185,0.00017310855,0.0000048709844,0.000023690536],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00002713002,0.00006496436,0.000050165214,0.000015638143,0.000036432088,0.00002673654,0.000103890656,0.00001865457,0.00044694438],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000035881842,0.00004018921,0.00003009973,0.00008516372,0.000019783452,0.000035638128,0.000009286296,0.00008213252,0.00045618188],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000016066112,0.00008499248,0.00049900165,0.00005260911,0.00008862247,0.00000792082,0.0026515985,0.22017442,0.0017724409,0.013669216,0.72097033,0.040027272],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00012901836,0.0000034501609,0.00044702837,0.0000019241395,0.000005965011,0.000016649476,0.00017130074,0.8704313,0.00026576847,0.000108709144,0.1282893,0.00012958002],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000067919736,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000013123408,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9561161,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000075460866,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":4.6232904e-7,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5863447},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2124497320","doi":"10.1109/mwscas.2007.4488541","title":"A CMOS imager with on-pixel gray-scale erosion","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Conference proceedings","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Pixel; CMOS; Computer science; Grayscale; Artificial intelligence; Computer vision; Image processing; Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution; Reliability (semiconductor); Edge detection; Image sensor; Computer hardware; Digital image processing; Electronic engineering; Image (mathematics); Engineering","score_opus":0.008578724729755922,"score_gpt":0.20468214274874408,"score_spread":0.19610341801898815,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2124497320","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9467975,0.000030353815,0.00482692,0.00011035623,0.00017221035,0.00014429475,0.000002160125,0.00060842844,0.047307756],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9968404,0.000016583459,0.0021757702,0.00013115398,0.00009769028,0.000010093938,0.000002145014,0.000041826897,0.0006843189],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99899596,0.0000010052202,0.00015369395,0.0002422533,0.00021619309,0.00039088365],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99958324,0.0000175423,0.000028092096,0.000101085534,0.00014426057,0.00012577072],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013095455,0.00020465514,0.00015800045,0.00009822907,0.000069907466,0.000114178554,0.00016001139,0.000064379674,0.000080052676],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000012027676,0.00016867096,0.000032330412,0.00021793839,0.000073123396,0.0001993053,0.000020571017,0.00024606095,0.00012647614],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00022918203,0.000120965604,0.019758146,0.00029282895,0.000047248373,0.0000261469,0.0066453964,0.0000705744,0.90376717,0.002832171,0.009788063,0.056422096],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0029438257,0.0006150161,0.0731469,0.0013298733,0.00010954575,0.00021516361,0.0057156244,0.02485372,0.8387279,0.0019231891,0.047889806,0.0025294537],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000046445593,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000052390137,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0650393,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000043860175,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000136684375,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6878202},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2124693169","doi":"10.1109/ted.2003.809029","title":"UV-responsive CCD image sensors with enhanced inorganic phosphor coatings","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalsa Corporation; University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Phosphor; Materials science; Optoelectronics; Coating; Ultraviolet; Irradiation; Absorption (acoustics); Laser; Radiation; Degradation (telecommunications); Optics; Nanotechnology; Electronic engineering; Composite material","score_opus":0.0037047170403858775,"score_gpt":0.20046497109599729,"score_spread":0.1967602540556114,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2124693169","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.90121895,0.00017023015,0.0951836,0.000074256706,0.00021485773,0.00022247195,0.000010363917,0.0006196626,0.0022856002],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977163,0.00009181231,0.0011624489,0.00012481824,0.000022725691,0.000036637888,0.0000017565851,0.00009217887,0.0007513138],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99863243,0.00005801442,0.00022640216,0.00031571975,0.00023308615,0.0005343632],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993639,0.0001223793,0.0000466262,0.00027722586,0.00008378574,0.0001060896],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000090349735,0.00032040768,0.00025100392,0.00016226959,0.00018097968,0.00007261341,0.00012575365,0.00008360974,0.0002300702],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000006667938,0.00030102962,0.00008079275,0.00053078093,0.00006367068,0.00023675422,2.8293385e-7,0.00045171083,0.00019464627],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017903495,0.00012141033,0.000015261681,0.00007300659,0.00017272474,0.000018713947,0.0012254743,0.043486174,0.95192266,0.000047908157,0.00023337052,0.0025042414],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005660527,0.0002396701,0.000060351224,0.000045015997,0.00007279984,0.00005373355,0.00038897755,0.001335075,0.99549997,0.00001765147,0.0013255988,0.00039512003],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000023351482,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00022998975,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.09649735,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014246402,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000058006048,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999442},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2124747642","doi":"10.1109/jsen.2010.2058846","title":"A Novel, High-Dynamic-Range, High-Speed, and High-Sensitivity CMOS Imager Using Time-Domain Single-Photon Counting and Avalanche Photodiodes","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Sensors Journal","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Avalanche photodiode; Photon counting; Dynamic range; Single-photon avalanche diode; Detector; High dynamic range; CMOS; Photon; Wide dynamic range; Sensitivity (control systems); Photodiode; Optoelectronics; Optics; Image sensor; Physics; Electronic engineering; Engineering","score_opus":0.007396460431392396,"score_gpt":0.20467721147314932,"score_spread":0.19728075104175694,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2124747642","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99480563,0.0001597766,0.002413941,0.00016518502,0.0017176315,0.00020434431,0.00007288543,0.0002645735,0.0001960374],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97232896,0.00007350675,0.026453245,0.00009565786,0.0007580378,0.0000010537527,0.0000053185427,0.00014843507,0.00013577416],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99765563,0.00010378325,0.00053318165,0.00045413608,0.00045708934,0.00079617946],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99870133,0.00025794673,0.00019770113,0.0003218206,0.00018060667,0.00034058525],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00085316395,0.0005328504,0.0006251863,0.00029731507,0.00045205993,0.00058587437,0.00012903618,0.00024741757,0.00009525756],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009642197,0.0005265967,0.000108056935,0.00023661993,0.00030721005,0.00052736007,0.000049638154,0.0013687116,0.000025156656],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000403728,0.000054274056,0.00050876837,0.000058006914,0.000108991786,0.00035859836,0.00044275672,0.0039959014,0.9929644,0.000013226439,0.0003111303,0.0011435876],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005782738,0.00014285241,0.013185277,0.0005402332,0.00041125188,0.029121527,0.0004780444,0.52266306,0.42281044,0.00074612023,0.0016548922,0.002463553],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00024696352,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000086985914,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.57015395,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013053938,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000035257875,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99971855},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2125595625","doi":"10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.605.91","title":"BQJ Photodetector Signal Processing","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Key engineering materials","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"","keywords":"Preprocessor; Photodetector; Detector; SIGNAL (programming language); Computer science; Principal component analysis; Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging); Noise (video); Signal processing; Data pre-processing; Artificial intelligence; Pattern recognition (psychology); Optics; Digital signal processing; Physics; Telecommunications; Computer hardware","score_opus":0.0038885035950787985,"score_gpt":0.16640833743782582,"score_spread":0.162519833842747,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2125595625","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9671368,0.00012834925,0.028478494,0.000018314771,0.0008769886,0.000116067145,0.0000124707785,0.0019114307,0.0013210997],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99643135,0.0000065241056,0.0028440407,0.00002545158,0.00048762967,0.000022819648,0.000008044379,0.00009716262,0.00007697488],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990645,0.000012729027,0.0002458274,0.0001727891,0.00013716833,0.0003669932],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996607,0.000028530256,0.000022401568,0.00018031473,0.000021975564,0.00008611277],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001774036,0.00022977032,0.0002535199,0.00009455019,0.00003893468,0.00014457738,0.00014725394,0.00007224354,0.00026333067],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000024603494,0.00023605878,0.000037249967,0.00011207318,0.000013826787,0.00012936187,0.000021403383,0.00008931778,0.00013621988],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000027751864,0.000004346836,0.000007809535,0.00022960846,0.000012320581,0.0000026913715,0.00011179842,0.040644888,0.9547119,0.000085299274,0.00027204538,0.003914491],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00023349258,0.00001650872,0.0005112979,0.00012078325,0.000015054155,0.000017998616,0.0000063410735,0.1216922,0.8566666,0.000035864505,0.020284675,0.00039916133],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000060628176,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.0777727e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.09804531,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003957481,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005937508,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9626198},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2127106059","doi":"10.1109/ted.2008.926744","title":"Two-Transistor Active Pixel Sensor Readout Circuits in Amorphous Silicon Technology for High-Resolution Digital Imaging Applications","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Pixel; Dot pitch; Transistor; Image resolution; Image sensor; Materials science; CMOS sensor; CMOS; Noise (video); Optoelectronics; Electronic engineering; Computer science; Optics; Electrical engineering; Physics; Voltage; Engineering; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.006820580533054084,"score_gpt":0.21482537305702504,"score_spread":0.20800479252397094,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2127106059","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.49739262,0.0003372783,0.4990356,0.0005611877,0.0001779563,0.0008272253,0.00014810574,0.0010802866,0.00043974168],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987881,0.00007886528,0.00041376232,0.00007142806,0.00006978955,0.00041037635,0.00001993694,0.00007372993,0.000073989875],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986674,0.000014174395,0.00029411493,0.00038752015,0.00014074681,0.0004960454],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994844,0.00008982971,0.00004819035,0.0002409104,0.00006166407,0.00007497428],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00003442902,0.0002685279,0.00027270342,0.00043826495,0.00020737363,0.000033434804,0.00016578064,0.00009891942,0.0000070662086],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000035771911,0.00031447434,0.0000996099,0.00062723167,0.000103336366,0.00033168594,6.0396223e-7,0.00040050133,0.000045419252],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00025443535,0.0006897568,0.00048163082,0.0002503509,0.0003102477,0.00003193004,0.0014428945,0.20128472,0.5372595,0.0005652661,0.00019985107,0.2572294],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004975237,0.00042029054,0.0019732413,0.00014655765,0.00024554555,0.00042957204,0.0009945516,0.08823443,0.8838108,0.00078979274,0.016016392,0.0019635523],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000042602536,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00022181976,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5013955,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00029523618,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004504213,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99993074},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2127826150","doi":"10.1109/iscas.2005.1464654","title":"Low-Power Global/Rolling Shutter Image Sensors in Silicon on Sapphire Technology","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Shutter; NMOS logic; Image sensor; Responsivity; Photodetector; Computer science; Chip; Transistor; Electrical engineering; Optoelectronics; Materials science; Voltage; Optics; Electronic engineering; Physics; Engineering","score_opus":0.00283067018427575,"score_gpt":0.20392587045132338,"score_spread":0.20109520026704764,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2127826150","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94520426,0.00007739936,0.00018106436,0.0018405266,0.00014485355,0.000100778845,0.0000038119929,0.0008988119,0.051548466],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99784476,0.000017854869,0.0012132564,0.0004413506,0.00007144082,0.0000055958194,0.0000015742022,0.000032254284,0.00037194043],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990219,0.000008884486,0.00022389444,0.00023589071,0.0001126331,0.00039681737],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996152,0.0000205048,0.000013385915,0.00028464597,0.000017071012,0.00004922483],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006049888,0.00019946271,0.00018968202,0.00018079136,0.000024974439,0.000030163046,0.00013729613,0.0001364039,0.0002791405],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000019253566,0.00019193545,0.00005157954,0.00042670267,0.000047562586,0.000110427085,0.000024062987,0.00024972268,0.0008192921],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000117080686,0.00067499833,0.033366803,0.00021419229,0.00019510809,0.0006222802,0.0015877502,0.48832664,0.23772255,0.010256632,0.03387699,0.19303897],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0041459114,0.0001754321,0.017439034,0.00044950214,0.000035470603,0.00018525728,0.0016796513,0.29731923,0.5921477,0.0016578271,0.082212985,0.0025519703],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000088524175,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000049452596,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.35442516,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015519709,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000056426047,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999587},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2127924702","doi":"10.1109/iscas.1999.777528","title":"A novel optical Bi-Cell with integrated readout circuitry","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Electronics; CMOS; Laser; Calibration; Computer science; Electronic circuit; Integrated circuit; Data acquisition; Electronic engineering; Electrical engineering; Computer hardware; Engineering; Optics; Physics","score_opus":0.007520453393410618,"score_gpt":0.17402576269114356,"score_spread":0.16650530929773294,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2127924702","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.30606982,0.00006372093,0.10446982,0.000039362258,0.00014736452,0.00008435086,0.0000030144938,0.0007162201,0.5884063],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9838732,0.000004248845,0.011999613,0.00008586322,0.000017545733,0.000003165247,0.0000030802742,0.00003461875,0.0039787022],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994651,0.0000044849253,0.000098429984,0.00012438306,0.000091745635,0.00021586785],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99970365,0.000021660853,0.0000059823037,0.00016635263,0.000025704294,0.000076683544],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000042462652,0.00012447832,0.00010808159,0.000044186112,0.000019012921,0.00003380608,0.00005865962,0.00004434077,0.0001855765],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000013546438,0.00009301674,0.00002409327,0.00018546011,0.00003041441,0.000051069434,0.0000035903058,0.00015724619,0.0001334453],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000034217017,0.00061059673,0.004176812,0.00023688434,0.00022170595,0.00016406304,0.0010659405,0.02341884,0.88844043,0.05365439,0.015578046,0.0123981],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0047772354,0.00021468851,0.0018299397,0.00017976818,0.0001267585,0.00074281456,0.002485785,0.064768225,0.74158806,0.00028466948,0.18096684,0.0020352486],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000017156204,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000010064187,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.67780334,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002926341,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000019093839,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.37931123},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2128907183","doi":"10.3390/jlpea3010027","title":"Analog Encoding Voltage—A Key to Ultra-Wide Dynamic Range and Low Power CMOS Image Sensor","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Low Power Electronics and Applications","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Pixel; Ranging; Dynamic range; High dynamic range; Image sensor; Frame (networking); CMOS; Encoding (memory); Frame rate; Dynamic demand; Key (lock); Wide dynamic range; Chip; Power (physics); Electronic engineering; Computer hardware; Artificial intelligence; Computer vision; Engineering; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.0021558902613706544,"score_gpt":0.20174784629022366,"score_spread":0.19959195602885302,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2128907183","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9507674,0.0027659305,0.04174189,0.0013698364,0.00008036486,0.00044010073,0.000016961385,0.000072572504,0.0027449618],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9974476,0.00090495433,0.0011060688,0.00024811065,0.000047783364,0.000024322579,0.000002324824,0.00003811203,0.0001807041],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989524,0.000011641077,0.0003544228,0.00016512044,0.00015323941,0.0003631967],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992689,0.00009002755,0.000092009206,0.00018742247,0.00014309498,0.00021853675],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014789913,0.00018363423,0.0002452663,0.00015729603,0.00011018238,0.00015326189,0.00013774028,0.000059826107,0.00006064767],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000025348389,0.00016923963,0.00006544017,0.00022089761,0.00004290452,0.00021806802,0.000015906824,0.0003562192,0.000029934343],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001756366,0.00012888269,0.001266377,0.00010536635,0.00020007502,0.000015321993,0.0010078244,0.0011600084,0.9787365,0.0016937043,0.0069143404,0.008754004],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.009299541,0.002431486,0.09956781,0.0012485894,0.00085904595,0.0038470975,0.0048602344,0.06446129,0.10392416,0.019971207,0.6832376,0.006291925],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000049344153,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007504505,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.87481236,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009027961,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003229386,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6901392},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2130009593","doi":"10.1109/ccece.2007.362","title":"A Fault-Tolerant Active Pixel Sensor for Mitigating Hot Pixel Defects","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Pixel; Rendering (computer graphics); Computer science; Artificial intelligence; Computer vision; Fault tolerance","score_opus":0.009936218882912545,"score_gpt":0.23486275223554934,"score_spread":0.2249265333526368,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2130009593","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8908465,0.00006613988,0.08729,0.00005499806,0.00034984056,0.0003014867,0.000015351674,0.0006891393,0.020386536],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9823643,0.0000042633756,0.016174,0.00021912387,0.0002445161,0.0000150086535,0.000008774695,0.00006522267,0.0009047699],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989002,0.000007762061,0.00022578996,0.00021241911,0.00013696127,0.0005168759],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99936014,0.00025107435,0.000027575803,0.00017963703,0.000060413724,0.0001211525],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016278848,0.00020417196,0.00020002952,0.00008716966,0.00009775312,0.000040449373,0.0000918506,0.00007708901,0.00003483977],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006886009,0.00019469974,0.00012226845,0.00014814947,0.000031483767,0.000108326436,0.00001509169,0.00015981619,0.000048842823],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011657193,0.000076682365,0.0004511664,0.00028117653,0.00018645114,0.00002833048,0.0033660736,0.007927115,0.9226871,0.0015935989,0.0031427832,0.060142964],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0026515478,0.00013187854,0.005531723,0.00018678824,0.00010157249,0.00009743958,0.004967887,0.19003136,0.74013186,0.0005380496,0.05426549,0.0013643927],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000015286989,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000050307335,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.18255523,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000072037954,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010466383,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7939625},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2130081213","doi":"10.1109/icnf.2011.5994302","title":"Random telegraph signal noise in CMOS active pixel sensors","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Noise (video); CMOS; SIGNAL (programming language); Noise generator; Noise measurement; Dark-frame subtraction; Computer science; Photodiode; Flicker noise; Transistor; Electronic engineering; Electrical engineering; Optoelectronics; Noise reduction; Physics; Noise figure; Engineering; Artificial intelligence; Image processing; Image restoration; Image (mathematics)","score_opus":0.011092857677290532,"score_gpt":0.18559759698259287,"score_spread":0.17450473930530233,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2130081213","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8810552,0.0000416532,0.0013566418,0.00001655581,0.00014537416,0.00013265845,0.000003754442,0.00035409193,0.11689408],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99794555,0.000021457137,0.0013549267,0.000047146146,0.000041177944,0.000009832044,0.0000016710892,0.000030110223,0.0005481572],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99929434,0.00002044032,0.00016520298,0.00014845196,0.000097795426,0.00027378387],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997092,0.000044990575,0.000012253148,0.00014678904,0.0000177096,0.00006908451],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006819557,0.00015278826,0.00017758516,0.00014536202,0.00002112497,0.00001214598,0.00009420468,0.00005579194,0.00073621445],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000010127856,0.00013724304,0.00006886557,0.00021285504,0.00003532157,0.000121981415,0.000012361155,0.0001795798,0.00014979485],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0026375565,0.0013112127,0.06731182,0.00042797788,0.0010633605,0.00096111157,0.06804107,0.045957975,0.59542745,0.0069008865,0.022032714,0.18792684],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.016725596,0.00017456312,0.16595496,0.00020153083,0.000121302466,0.00012701466,0.0053670583,0.14435863,0.64560866,0.0029223831,0.015574839,0.0028634677],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00012891769,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000061933744,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.18506338,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000029262565,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007099194,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8061032},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2132002907","doi":"10.1109/ccece.1998.685557","title":"A small die size image sensor with very low dark current","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalsa Corporation","funders":"","keywords":"Dark current; Pixel; Frame (networking); Frame rate; Image sensor; SIGNAL (programming language); Noise (video); Computer science; Shot noise; Physics; Optics; Image (mathematics); Artificial intelligence; Detector; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.011433049642751868,"score_gpt":0.1846369825720492,"score_spread":0.1732039329292973,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2132002907","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.88265246,0.0010271631,0.0026847345,0.00024855603,0.0004859911,0.00016571964,0.00001070402,0.0012870235,0.11143765],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9913719,0.00021118105,0.0049701864,0.00009199834,0.00015646775,0.0000074818527,0.0000021292194,0.000059166825,0.0031294806],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993502,0.0000075500643,0.00011103183,0.00015277974,0.000105235296,0.00027321823],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99960595,0.000053988413,0.000010352249,0.00022418522,0.000022445238,0.00008307087],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000025221754,0.00015970843,0.00013165589,0.0000315147,0.000032162792,0.00005216462,0.00008087857,0.000023009314,0.00044745277],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001723542,0.00012721744,0.000043151533,0.00009233712,0.00003423239,0.00007930087,0.000014377412,0.00014972927,0.0004185993],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016323164,0.0016177167,0.0160278,0.002968105,0.00091000646,0.0020059063,0.008120267,0.03219777,0.11391361,0.0008650253,0.2987971,0.52241343],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006397821,0.0003675177,0.014773202,0.0008682163,0.0002610051,0.00033541195,0.00096595584,0.56736434,0.05665311,0.00032916875,0.34737164,0.004312618],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009148186,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000016197107,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.53516656,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003343744,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000028795087,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5380387},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2132293560","doi":"10.1109/ted.2002.806968","title":"Amorphous silicon active pixel sensor readout circuit for digital imaging","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":121,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Sunnybrook Health Science Centre; University of Toronto; University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Noise (video); Amplifier; Pixel; Optoelectronics; Detector; Materials science; Electrical engineering; Image sensor; Linearity; Fixed-pattern noise; Electronic circuit; Electronic engineering; Physics; CMOS; Computer science; Optics; Engineering; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.008685714028059954,"score_gpt":0.21539534390476237,"score_spread":0.2067096298767024,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2132293560","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.596345,0.00036454338,0.39068368,0.00012549602,0.00086945546,0.00062780594,0.0001567989,0.0012617451,0.009565463],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998807,0.00003380348,0.00014721465,0.00010568608,0.000055843426,0.0000695973,0.0000069932776,0.000093272174,0.0006805932],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99870664,0.000020296977,0.00022581434,0.00032158176,0.00016122335,0.0005644367],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99941397,0.00014754196,0.00003757636,0.0002455365,0.000056187735,0.00009919466],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000061993545,0.00028828927,0.00023051996,0.00017568239,0.00017441972,0.0001384206,0.00011767915,0.00006670881,0.000042808184],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000070834203,0.00031036962,0.000168337,0.00023176536,0.000042677013,0.0004052155,2.4613288e-7,0.0002961568,0.000074252035],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00032711917,0.00081684336,0.00036276277,0.000531089,0.0011252583,0.000037718262,0.002731124,0.14616308,0.4882287,0.0009432501,0.0013846677,0.35734838],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013864717,0.00018756173,0.00018101875,0.000080449754,0.00017946381,0.00015880966,0.00067734794,0.01707001,0.93845457,0.0004586074,0.04014118,0.0010244962],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000988058,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000040042712,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.45022586,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017410364,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000034192268,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99993485},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2132361787","doi":"10.1109/ted.2009.2030642","title":"Very Low Dark Current CCD Image Sensor","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalsa Corporation","funders":"","keywords":"Dark current; Pixel; Physics; Current (fluid); Image (mathematics); Diffusion; Charge-coupled device; Phase (matter); Optoelectronics; Optics; Computer science; Artificial intelligence; Photodetector; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.005548320584680253,"score_gpt":0.230170861869601,"score_spread":0.22462254128492076,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2132361787","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8628115,0.0015542874,0.12678379,0.00047834284,0.0015206963,0.00029536505,0.0000331122,0.0017639474,0.0047589815],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988796,0.00035320164,0.0002785305,0.00014348824,0.000107474676,0.000009650418,0.0000035839837,0.000035733872,0.00018872818],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988878,0.000023253624,0.00020228814,0.00023655401,0.00019397527,0.00045616465],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995594,0.000038905542,0.000022938806,0.00025345755,0.000032259395,0.00009302454],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000056188343,0.00024296992,0.00018847863,0.00016258884,0.00012174548,0.00007332243,0.00013966867,0.00005725903,0.00006530568],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000012153401,0.0002492405,0.00012476323,0.00027930367,0.000026386322,0.00024250265,2.015285e-7,0.00043721191,0.00023973394],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000115609015,0.0007757806,0.00002493595,0.00027001623,0.00021122226,0.00003809321,0.0007087045,0.12486322,0.31735057,0.000069151705,0.006177709,0.549395],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010821961,0.0003647248,0.0014289897,0.00021904844,0.00016386977,0.000063592015,0.00010169509,0.036522835,0.93392324,0.0002444291,0.024738925,0.0011464535],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000006152603,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000025741587,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6165727,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010574569,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000021015716,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999996},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2132675334","doi":"10.1109/iscas.2011.5937686","title":"Bio-inspired nano-photodiode for Low Light, High Resolution and crosstalk-free CMOS image sensing","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo; University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Photodiode; Responsivity; Optoelectronics; Planar; Photodetector; Decoupling (probability); Optics; Pixel; Materials science; Photosensitivity; Image sensor; CMOS; Detector; Nanorod; Computer science; Physics; Nanotechnology; Engineering","score_opus":0.010356668038155646,"score_gpt":0.19193857072096604,"score_spread":0.18158190268281038,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2132675334","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9627534,0.00019303024,0.021965897,0.00016021747,0.00049563986,0.00035214252,0.000042618838,0.00097307627,0.01306395],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9605449,0.000023733077,0.03845763,0.00007972427,0.000099938945,0.0000061561836,0.000009569441,0.00005653193,0.0007218229],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991231,0.000009300463,0.00020015654,0.00022932646,0.000090081,0.0003480168],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99946696,0.000026388821,0.000024501876,0.0003431995,0.000052694628,0.00008626706],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009303436,0.00018694272,0.00017744435,0.00007752587,0.00012531437,0.000078044366,0.00009901216,0.00008099778,0.000032843986],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000041056846,0.00017769859,0.000057468853,0.00009861102,0.00006693805,0.00020143802,0.000041384097,0.00007539319,0.000020642818],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008175078,0.000041214716,0.00015957934,0.00026828822,0.00007787129,0.000029012948,0.0016061307,0.000105604966,0.9704435,0.0016092706,0.018695334,0.0068824766],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015332365,0.000064142885,0.0018394777,0.000079462,0.000045029512,0.000047054877,0.0001656701,0.07219547,0.91439,0.0015676504,0.0075419205,0.00053085596],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00024911785,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000097275115,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.072089866,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000039987124,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008855026,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7246338},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2133126827","doi":"10.1109/ivs.1993.697290","title":"Analog Chips And Intelligent Vehicles","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Artificial Intelligence in Medicine (Canada)","funders":"Office of Naval Research; Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Computer science; Embedded system","score_opus":0.00739878113251503,"score_gpt":0.19318945235261514,"score_spread":0.18579067122010012,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2133126827","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96497995,0.00054160494,0.0012120587,0.0002959417,0.000050427672,0.00002298029,6.217877e-7,0.00027669492,0.032619726],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978317,0.00012516067,0.0011947543,0.000114564995,0.00007186442,6.3106137e-7,5.6814525e-7,0.000007835212,0.0006528987],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99977905,0.0000021316473,0.000053850865,0.000050317452,0.00003095707,0.00008372326],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99989605,0.000009033232,0.0000022270892,0.00005626853,0.0000037070645,0.000032715532],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000023326194,0.000046369434,0.000042913744,0.000023610166,0.000014095755,0.000015857737,0.000025334331,0.000013520872,0.000090709655],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000025325544,0.000040446088,0.000010857251,0.000030711366,0.000012321135,0.000037567213,0.0000074176196,0.00004292168,0.00007959749],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000045669644,0.000028180977,0.01004026,0.000044048495,0.000054920773,0.000006131214,0.0011189118,0.016191874,0.01233626,0.005573089,0.02026323,0.9343385],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00036860342,0.000029515026,0.03899355,0.000030001687,0.000022575878,0.000052609037,0.00046082854,0.40882936,0.1194706,0.00080089056,0.43037295,0.00056854356],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005390635,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000024381254,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.93377,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000008437199,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":9.2584526e-7,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.16493435},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2134535409","doi":"10.1063/1.1525869","title":"A low-energy charged particle distribution imager with a compact sensor for space applications","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Review of Scientific Instruments","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Icon; Computer science; Citation; Information retrieval; Energy (signal processing); Space (punctuation); World Wide Web; Computer graphics (images); Physics; Operating system","score_opus":0.009881974531176006,"score_gpt":0.23406420528606608,"score_spread":0.22418223075489008,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2134535409","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95865875,0.005827235,0.02829881,0.00040570705,0.00064007274,0.002157151,0.0005625927,0.0002858635,0.0031638362],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972904,0.0007944097,0.0011560788,0.000038218088,0.000013632207,0.000084098116,0.00013312495,0.00001778308,0.0004723116],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99912363,0.000022058362,0.00023545523,0.00019194245,0.0001888439,0.000238051],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99944043,0.000014650918,0.00006756703,0.00029280348,0.00011089727,0.00007363649],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025625867,0.00011647384,0.00020544376,0.000026112413,0.00011480214,0.000045750345,0.000089087494,0.000017237267,0.000041683936],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000026164818,0.00009656746,0.000069799724,0.00043857496,0.00009752258,0.0001102743,0.0000051023394,0.000040103776,0.000022310964],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007315628,0.0015926965,0.005888737,0.04890818,0.00066665595,0.0000061695605,0.00047387648,0.000755274,0.4499584,0.08351704,0.059118863,0.34904093],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000994083,0.00004375223,0.00037969707,0.0036987676,0.00012644292,0.000021807444,0.00006285677,0.009078224,0.53541994,0.00018150175,0.44959176,0.00040118265],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000021524063,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":9.408046e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3904729,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000053613767,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000029058981,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3937907},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2135599750","doi":"10.1109/mwscas.2008.4616731","title":"Pixel-level delta-sigma ADC with optimized area and power for vertically-integrated image sensors","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"CMOS; Pixel; Delta-sigma modulation; Switched capacitor; Decimation; Image sensor; Capacitor; Computer science; Electrical engineering; Engineering; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.016021071938745968,"score_gpt":0.19984446085730592,"score_spread":0.18382338891855995,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2135599750","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.76933527,0.000091593385,0.22061999,0.0002072184,0.000094443094,0.00032257204,0.000050530154,0.0006844905,0.008593901],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.88264936,0.000045502136,0.1145335,0.00014816855,0.000022716948,0.000023646739,0.000021445663,0.00007390068,0.002481788],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990625,0.0000107619535,0.0001936193,0.00023807348,0.00012897489,0.00036609484],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99942017,0.000103156635,0.000014408548,0.0002064722,0.00011061667,0.00014519559],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000055274002,0.000242722,0.00027054656,0.000070639595,0.00009106172,0.000041483843,0.000077669036,0.00006699378,0.00019364075],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005351641,0.0001800201,0.000056988196,0.00013505114,0.000119644516,0.00013509225,0.0000142169565,0.00013141276,0.00001566945],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0066799633,0.0011624014,0.00798799,0.00085182564,0.0034517893,0.001530454,0.011761452,0.15951087,0.4199151,0.004648607,0.36978012,0.012719423],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.010459413,0.00043694538,0.0054206545,0.00014150603,0.00018815511,0.0009442673,0.0011851466,0.8857455,0.063774325,0.00013029278,0.02971819,0.0018555997],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000023279756,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000012056597,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7262346,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000031844633,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000021858074,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7341007},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2138345629","doi":"10.1109/ccece.1999.807246","title":"High-performance low-power inner product processor","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Implementation; Computer science; Product (mathematics); Power (physics); Volume (thermodynamics); Computer architecture; Architecture; Embedded system; Parallel computing; Mathematics; Software engineering","score_opus":0.0035587788477231346,"score_gpt":0.1723776026244829,"score_spread":0.16881882377675977,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2138345629","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9531445,0.00011533097,0.00017923123,0.000068672096,0.00044825816,0.00008350119,7.919243e-7,0.0005034763,0.045456253],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.994003,0.000014869482,0.0011651675,0.00009337533,0.000047849444,0.00000961426,0.0000013688069,0.000029185378,0.0046355845],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999431,0.00000480294,0.00011240531,0.0001341963,0.00009560715,0.00022198501],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99972963,0.000005611971,0.000008176483,0.0001869629,0.000031227304,0.000038371],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000602282,0.00011349904,0.0000930894,0.000038715425,0.000031565618,0.000023872359,0.00006912981,0.0000226334,0.0003744385],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000022186085,0.00009396367,0.000015415226,0.00018183938,0.00001828835,0.00014529919,0.0000052411165,0.00009784227,0.00033776596],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005885772,0.00072141795,0.03999413,0.0029748348,0.00044485473,0.000075411066,0.003988268,0.28370452,0.20689629,0.033300426,0.35738498,0.07045601],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00047780396,0.000028468638,0.005177291,0.00005059744,0.000010669614,0.000028550685,0.000055068296,0.0048685935,0.8767079,0.00011902442,0.11190776,0.00056827447],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000022651218,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000013747427,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6698116,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000019010187,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010445702,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.43414107},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2138570159","doi":"10.1116/1.2167977","title":"Signal and noise modeling and analysis of complementary metal-oxide semiconductor active pixel sensors","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A Vacuum Surfaces and Films","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Shot noise; Noise (video); SIGNAL (programming language); Noise generator; Burst noise; Noise floor; Pixel; Capacitance; Reset (finance); Noise temperature; Materials science; Optics; Optoelectronics; Acoustics; Phase noise; Physics; Noise reduction; Computer science; Noise measurement; CMOS; Noise figure; Artificial intelligence; Amplifier","score_opus":0.00941649923736742,"score_gpt":0.22807454950972073,"score_spread":0.2186580502723533,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2138570159","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.996396,0.0022750793,0.00079104677,0.00026449267,0.00006938885,0.00007145549,0.00004052898,0.00004899432,0.000042997006],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9940038,0.00045266323,0.0054884916,0.000014598699,0.000011391205,8.318845e-7,0.0000016442536,0.000012421133,0.000014187768],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985637,0.000017746152,0.0005361304,0.00026038385,0.00028334488,0.0003386595],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999299,0.000063005326,0.00021666617,0.00015364322,0.00016867275,0.00009903771],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00047523296,0.00021165311,0.00060184894,0.0015083487,0.0001743227,0.000051685907,0.00023549782,0.000101524136,0.000021104906],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000015519927,0.00017711255,0.000085154854,0.001579271,0.00070459105,0.00047483554,0.00010988605,0.00032699908,2.5858807e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002091747,0.00003239065,0.020865317,0.000023557895,0.00035441222,0.000013603071,0.00029132812,0.040442158,0.9371664,0.00021343553,0.00002911053,0.0005473841],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00070901366,0.00016565133,0.025184555,0.00006535664,0.0009940953,0.00025622096,0.0034211378,0.8484576,0.11915177,0.0011501401,0.000083295075,0.00036120473],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000069668495,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000020236035,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8180146,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000033534892,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000035768666,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.722244},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2138778467","doi":"10.1109/mwscas.2008.4616753","title":"A new wide dynamic range CMOS pulse-frequency-modulation digital image sensor with in-pixel variable reference voltage","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Pixel; Dynamic range; Image sensor; CMOS; Electronic engineering; Pulse-frequency modulation; Computer science; Time delay and integration; Modulation (music); Dot pitch; High dynamic range; Voltage; Wide dynamic range; Pulse-width modulation; Electrical engineering; Pulse (music); Pulse-amplitude modulation; Engineering; Computer vision; Physics; Acoustics","score_opus":0.00696036157121506,"score_gpt":0.18981062875384794,"score_spread":0.18285026718263286,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2138778467","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7169797,0.0000955657,0.19470873,0.000071834416,0.00010196555,0.0002464213,0.000021306556,0.0007363506,0.08703817],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97123414,0.000024739358,0.023454513,0.000045103225,0.000032607928,0.0000074557893,0.000036763195,0.00005729167,0.005107391],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99889475,0.000008240127,0.00024376003,0.00027273086,0.00020500882,0.0003754796],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994426,0.00005420228,0.000027162685,0.00032064266,0.000045207897,0.00011017816],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000044430093,0.00023729223,0.00022088796,0.00012526746,0.000058720972,0.00008175377,0.0001337345,0.00007198717,0.00022860612],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000038785096,0.00021249354,0.000030931435,0.00038165814,0.000040666542,0.0007359445,0.000018644723,0.00022088904,0.00014301969],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00040859688,0.00051948,0.23715188,0.00077915326,0.00044768,0.002097776,0.0060629877,0.08639737,0.546016,0.006429434,0.0109221535,0.102767535],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0064153336,0.0002376533,0.2481281,0.00041885275,0.000063952684,0.0009525363,0.00060046435,0.72612536,0.0033248123,0.003918955,0.0069527063,0.002861305],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004038064,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00015294895,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.63972795,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012509002,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000054823515,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.86652356},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2139424762","doi":"10.3390/s120810067","title":"Low-Voltage 96 dB Snapshot CMOS Image Sensor with 4.5 nW Power Dissipation per Pixel","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Sensors","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Image sensor; CMOS; Dynamic range; Computer science; Voltage; Electronic engineering; Low-power electronics; CMOS sensor; Rolling shutter; Low voltage; Pixel; Dissipation; Electrical engineering; Shutter; Power (physics); Engineering; Artificial intelligence; Physics","score_opus":0.0054311534755595815,"score_gpt":0.2066405166605264,"score_spread":0.20120936318496682,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2139424762","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97595465,0.00011458774,0.0011800968,0.00013428913,0.0006013285,0.00023540593,0.00003215154,0.000548809,0.02119866],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9954243,0.00001781553,0.0021932672,0.00011456388,0.00033507298,0.000011917788,0.000054764616,0.00013382184,0.0017145267],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99829745,0.000037109876,0.00027471202,0.0002798072,0.00033968056,0.0007712658],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990652,0.000062238505,0.000051746872,0.00048164287,0.00007174989,0.00026742648],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013975489,0.00037957798,0.00028665655,0.0001329871,0.0001155399,0.00008320189,0.00013133179,0.00011488753,0.0009152985],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003758958,0.0003270396,0.00010436836,0.0002303498,0.00010554696,0.0003909224,0.000026032083,0.00031799832,0.0006700793],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00022057995,0.0005715667,0.03631101,0.0005024873,0.0004706101,0.000121824065,0.017644461,0.018175678,0.9024551,0.00085558655,0.017265175,0.005405945],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0055630244,0.00043510334,0.21516448,0.00062499085,0.00056110387,0.0008419065,0.0116151655,0.043686,0.4082032,0.0001404245,0.30649012,0.0066744764],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000018674633,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007377276,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.49425185,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009503375,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000125933275,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999998},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2140311025","doi":"10.1109/ted.2006.881053","title":"An Approach to Improve the Signal-to-Noise Ratio of Active Pixel Sensor for Low-Light-Level Applications","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Reset (finance); CMOS; Noise (video); Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging); SIGNAL (programming language); Electronic engineering; Photodetector; Computer science; Node (physics); Image sensor; Pixel; Electrical engineering; Engineering; Optoelectronics; Physics; Telecommunications; Acoustics; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.007780634871971803,"score_gpt":0.225877943021343,"score_spread":0.2180973081493712,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2140311025","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.10088303,0.000030347099,0.89627326,0.00024694038,0.00007790787,0.0012643833,0.00017662793,0.00019706783,0.0008504366],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99436647,0.0000036422114,0.003919666,0.00012750122,0.00012581391,0.0010098795,0.000012969785,0.00005478655,0.00037928653],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989076,0.000025501155,0.00025979,0.00029711454,0.00016510402,0.00034488595],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993133,0.00009565228,0.000042803666,0.000359938,0.00010500363,0.000083281826],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000089143,0.0002143934,0.00019848718,0.00016270818,0.0001940427,0.000047132762,0.00023373589,0.000065426495,0.000007224175],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000010180594,0.00018175464,0.00010666918,0.0004282929,0.000023670576,0.00014315436,5.364735e-7,0.00017947295,0.000019359679],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000053969932,0.00023394662,0.000001316141,0.00005790803,0.000057114237,5.0130534e-8,0.00034831587,0.35322788,0.63362205,0.0002347784,0.00013093212,0.012031753],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002913841,0.0001582665,0.00021172072,0.000012328328,0.00008423524,0.0000026603022,0.00026443467,0.04613198,0.948694,0.00008364281,0.0037967085,0.00026861817],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006591148,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00018770064,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8934834,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000087842476,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000033110748,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7411739},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2140623765","doi":"10.1117/12.2055350","title":"Comparison of EMCCD post-processing methods for photon counting flux ranges","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Multiplication (music); Figure of merit; Noise (video); Range (aeronautics); Photon counting; Quadratic equation; Computer science; Algorithm; Flux (metallurgy); Physics; Photon; Artificial intelligence; Optics; Mathematics; Acoustics; Engineering; Image (mathematics)","score_opus":0.016268398978924754,"score_gpt":0.28945003150594323,"score_spread":0.2731816325270185,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2140623765","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9930294,0.00032676948,0.0021504501,0.0005245268,0.00044863074,0.0005300739,0.00004238259,0.00021380468,0.0027339412],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.63205105,0.00002828153,0.36712438,0.00006122294,0.0004297724,0.00010300096,0.000013999274,0.00010766443,0.0000806052],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9976728,3.3937702e-8,0.00095102267,0.00035742624,0.00049834617,0.0005203507],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9965726,0.0003836851,0.0004152033,0.000072731644,0.0024420281,0.00011376143],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012015855,0.0003901402,0.0007418083,0.0001426875,0.00010061384,0.00011484039,0.00080799527,0.00021003149,0.000009137019],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0013934678,0.00035281168,0.00066642754,0.00031793665,0.00021101141,0.00037236957,0.000094349976,0.00032403192,7.7692965e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000753803,0.00008443558,0.0004206634,0.002411716,0.0003346592,1.0576367e-8,0.00057660975,0.0013158728,0.9099799,0.075979374,0.0022539448,0.0065674526],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00083164487,0.00017919266,0.00028603736,0.0004013491,0.0001765011,0.0000037529926,0.0014105047,0.42175755,0.56386864,0.0007205943,0.01003,0.00033420144],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000072333464,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.6288357e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4204417,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012377826,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000234261,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998924},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2140719597","doi":"10.1109/iscas.2009.5118051","title":"CMOS image compression sensor with algorithmically-multiplying ADCs","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Pixel; Accumulator (cryptography); Computer science; CMOS; Image sensor; Kernel (algebra); Binary number; Data compression; Bit plane; Artificial intelligence; Computer vision; Electronic engineering; Algorithm; Mathematics; Engineering; Arithmetic","score_opus":0.004085594436128168,"score_gpt":0.1945965292387386,"score_spread":0.19051093480261044,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2140719597","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.78630435,0.00021280127,0.121206954,0.0009844524,0.0004395725,0.0004314324,0.000013502907,0.0039505046,0.08645643],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9154589,0.000017936844,0.08314212,0.00026401106,0.000113339265,0.0000026321727,0.000008209975,0.00003338104,0.0009594656],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99925315,0.000009872981,0.00013834852,0.00016734088,0.0001565278,0.00027473093],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996192,0.00002755963,0.000013245495,0.0002121448,0.000034488625,0.00009339046],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000035467117,0.00016655997,0.00015165455,0.000048309146,0.000058188758,0.00005526247,0.0000948826,0.000043351505,0.00010049512],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000007097227,0.00012605083,0.000036391837,0.000117874784,0.000025349034,0.00013880343,0.000009965617,0.00016468488,0.00012469904],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005345918,0.00012787335,0.0007383354,0.00006713731,0.00006468188,0.00021155638,0.00065492146,0.02129412,0.78659266,0.0001673085,0.019521601,0.17050633],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0020830242,0.00015211182,0.012303378,0.00023392678,0.00004371979,0.00017306877,0.00047034305,0.8350422,0.12239934,0.000111834364,0.025907528,0.001079546],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007957506,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000016017243,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.81374806,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000025536314,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000046437085,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5140204},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2142416773","doi":"10.1109/asmc.2011.5898219","title":"Recent innovations in CMOS image sensors","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Chipworks (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Image sensor; Computer science; Pixel; Electronics; CMOS; Semiconductor device fabrication; Electrical engineering; Wafer; Artificial intelligence; Engineering","score_opus":0.022426770574074353,"score_gpt":0.21412782375000178,"score_spread":0.19170105317592742,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2142416773","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6816538,0.000034978602,0.0004888257,0.0001240321,0.00017573731,0.000063764586,0.0000016721087,0.00037138266,0.31708583],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9926044,0.000101494144,0.0063061514,0.00009816481,0.000024669183,0.000005557189,0.0000031114334,0.000021369206,0.00083507964],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995908,0.000005338093,0.0001328785,0.00007510169,0.000047820875,0.00014802381],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99980927,0.000007996702,0.000006088278,0.00012674354,0.000026404814,0.000023518342],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000047831978,0.000068936766,0.000064584085,0.000101060934,0.000012166762,0.000009004434,0.000051930776,0.000024219484,0.0008968701],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000016110262,0.000067443194,0.000012481269,0.00035037386,0.000015698888,0.00008470122,0.000009111036,0.000092031005,0.00022644097],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005235591,0.0007988481,0.06656487,0.00025106597,0.00022170521,0.00044967656,0.028986705,0.008378085,0.20087017,0.068334475,0.18651614,0.4385759],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0022516015,0.000062486295,0.23892304,0.000104830644,0.000028301325,0.00007529355,0.0035983003,0.10289,0.30140746,0.0050292136,0.3436991,0.0019303837],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000038044924,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003845342,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4366455,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000027549877,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004657234,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9820099},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2144462684","doi":"10.1117/12.548199","title":"3D heterogeneous sensor system on a chip for defense and security applications","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Wireless sensor network; Sensor array; Chip; Image sensor; Signal processing; Computer hardware; Electronic engineering; Embedded system; Digital signal processing; Telecommunications; Artificial intelligence; Computer network; Engineering","score_opus":0.007868757090018889,"score_gpt":0.21052042486009628,"score_spread":0.2026516677700774,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2144462684","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99601793,0.00015443224,0.00030667923,0.0005673622,0.00016477784,0.0009575416,0.0001274054,0.00029236038,0.0014115194],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9402903,0.000069905276,0.058577325,0.00006475173,0.00040892893,0.00045410826,0.000009173167,0.000094642106,0.000030889958],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984025,8.509119e-9,0.00049933034,0.0003494787,0.00036820662,0.0003805177],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989181,0.0001141467,0.00014495506,0.00006691038,0.00062299636,0.00013285801],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026703905,0.00032628077,0.00037047503,0.000092674585,0.00010402276,0.00010086401,0.00041413098,0.00015998629,0.000001466226],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012125985,0.0002935473,0.00041385018,0.000194044,0.00014267325,0.00019292597,0.000057781763,0.00023802242,0.0000017358822],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010804876,0.00013259421,0.00007948276,0.0026719458,0.0006168285,2.3219664e-7,0.0005205194,0.008273826,0.28245896,0.70393497,0.0006412026,0.00056136696],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.007624355,0.001176924,0.00049851823,0.0020998863,0.0008830312,0.00037488833,0.0050693867,0.37475324,0.57542384,0.010016782,0.019896625,0.002182554],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000045579336,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.6483908e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6939182,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022108352,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014871571,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99995166},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2145784838","doi":"","title":"CMOS photodetectors and imaging systems for biomedical applications","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computers and Devices for Communication, 2009. CODEC 2009. 4th International Conference on","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Photodetector; CMOS; Sensitivity (control systems); Image sensor; Computer science; Process (computing); Medical imaging; Electronic engineering; Materials science; Optoelectronics; Engineering; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.021153462243861464,"score_gpt":0.2767854944234396,"score_spread":0.25563203217957814,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2145784838","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.041375645,0.014365362,0.9182049,0.008902856,0.001790351,0.0034746826,0.0009820005,0.0009991358,0.009905072],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9897431,0.0013725815,0.00764636,0.00048263234,0.00014411646,0.00018705749,0.0002829381,0.000023335833,0.00011788715],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99896544,0.000022678323,0.00035165306,0.00027777156,0.00016488232,0.00021754426],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99896884,0.00021396828,0.0000980643,0.00035897782,0.00023923199,0.000120897465],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018466014,0.00021129166,0.0002176906,0.00017354307,0.00023208343,0.00029048068,0.0004637914,0.00006415892,0.0000060727352],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000017494363,0.00021277269,0.000054886863,0.0001004225,0.00010301945,0.00018588241,0.00004406127,0.00013267645,0.0000034157988],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002522014,0.0005303241,0.002254379,0.0005351102,0.0004387877,0.0000028815589,0.001964583,0.0065985923,0.004209507,0.28709754,0.060376287,0.6357398],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007783695,0.000080741054,0.0011666426,0.00019315894,0.000025804062,0.000018331979,0.00019478831,0.8165314,0.000076350516,0.003324187,0.17731923,0.00029095451],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000028433702,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000146955235,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9483675,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000047437832,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000024205987,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.86766183},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2146668188","doi":"10.1109/iwsoc.2005.86","title":"Noise analysis of a CMOS active pixel sensor for tomographic mammography","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Pixel; Mammography; Tomosynthesis; CMOS; Image sensor; Noise (video); Image resolution; Contrast-to-noise ratio; Computer science; Transistor; Tomographic reconstruction; Materials science; Voltage; Electronic engineering; Iterative reconstruction; Electrical engineering; Optoelectronics; Artificial intelligence; Image quality; Engineering; Medicine; Image (mathematics)","score_opus":0.005753430825711002,"score_gpt":0.21284044273163277,"score_spread":0.20708701190592177,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2146668188","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9783988,0.00011956809,0.015284432,0.0001462353,0.00006493614,0.00019210613,0.000071820046,0.0003069559,0.0054151616],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9919376,0.000031647898,0.0076240506,0.00006568865,0.00005202621,0.000019600806,0.000016430602,0.000023659946,0.00022933245],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993002,0.000007432445,0.00020548525,0.00015450665,0.000111404406,0.00022101653],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995465,0.000073047115,0.0000288319,0.000225897,0.00006323087,0.00006249107],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000055944784,0.00013691993,0.00027856097,0.0007111989,0.000026978076,0.000013008531,0.000090554946,0.00004859185,0.00010979224],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00000987274,0.00012839274,0.00043019932,0.0013796543,0.00003840806,0.00008568972,0.000008090629,0.00006325264,0.0000049578643],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00028554146,0.00062746846,0.0447194,0.00042425405,0.02297993,0.00000576926,0.004273431,0.38271603,0.3402837,0.004406833,0.009001611,0.19027604],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015512304,0.00009518435,0.06525273,0.000031264804,0.0039583496,0.00000457225,0.0010182947,0.75592315,0.13076228,0.0001844745,0.040261287,0.0009571913],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000016845977,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001179464,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.37320712,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000016484457,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003928451,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5235704},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2147156837","doi":"10.1109/iscas.2011.5937650","title":"Combining ISA extensions and subsetting for improved ASIP performance and cost","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Computer science; Instruction set; Speedup; Application-specific instruction-set processor; Field-programmable gate array; Set (abstract data type); Computer architecture; Parallel computing; Microarchitecture; Embedded system; Programming language","score_opus":0.02235845391965411,"score_gpt":0.19976116096973154,"score_spread":0.17740270705007744,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2147156837","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98986894,0.00013421343,0.001752621,0.00003929882,0.0001142556,0.00016052953,0.0000032781938,0.00020039688,0.007726475],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99256504,0.00006606995,0.0069675595,0.00008501704,0.000020318206,0.000010026217,0.00000204055,0.000018915718,0.0002650125],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99962324,0.0000023982989,0.000088979185,0.000100077435,0.000020885027,0.00016440803],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998032,0.000039183757,0.000009828646,0.00007748648,0.000018631648,0.000051686126],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006962425,0.000080831705,0.00008886764,0.000027425955,0.000083318744,0.00002058991,0.000027593673,0.000025619078,0.0000124223525],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000016497845,0.00007393522,0.000012045313,0.000032081047,0.000028388056,0.000098284596,0.00001735727,0.000060490696,0.000001948783],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010286681,0.00008560486,0.07377674,0.0008491553,0.0001855705,0.0000082078905,0.012232685,0.00024258859,0.18752119,0.005225837,0.009855967,0.7099136],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012945287,0.0000958692,0.05914272,0.00008124841,0.000038935003,0.00005627243,0.0009471011,0.90872395,0.022108525,0.00020035561,0.006869468,0.00044101579],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000134433385,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000071806435,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.90848136,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000005160747,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000024348592,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.30149907},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2147910301","doi":"10.1109/cicc.1993.590703","title":"Hexagonal sensor with imbedded analog image processing for pattern recognition","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Analog image processing; Analog signal processing; Pixel; Computer science; Computer vision; Artificial intelligence; Convolution (computer science); Edge detection; Image sensor; Image processing; Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution; Image resolution; Signal processing; Digital image processing; Computer hardware; Image (mathematics); Artificial neural network; Digital signal processing","score_opus":0.017887705055767738,"score_gpt":0.20630415417519163,"score_spread":0.1884164491194239,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2147910301","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.74091667,0.0001602408,0.22616842,0.0005081874,0.00015875848,0.0004191314,0.000056712513,0.0013230853,0.03028877],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9809455,0.000008757913,0.017917426,0.00017187008,0.00014441446,0.000022893133,0.000027280834,0.00004568018,0.000716136],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99943787,0.0000048282022,0.00011325763,0.00013979421,0.00008483901,0.00021939659],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997746,0.000022364191,0.00001597696,0.00008161831,0.00005814269,0.00004730215],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000033547345,0.00012149131,0.00010438182,0.000051037176,0.000051228333,0.000063212676,0.000040904415,0.000030136978,0.00038369378],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000068095424,0.000101188256,0.000033677265,0.00009293016,0.000022886383,0.00015544763,0.000003739389,0.00007192132,0.000080868296],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000025968548,0.00009487087,0.0010748324,0.0004964309,0.00008239814,0.000034612305,0.0009886291,0.0010589013,0.023292204,0.0000047800545,0.016981626,0.9558647],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0019619649,0.0001331135,0.0014976532,0.0001852303,0.00008492543,0.00016114007,0.0005325443,0.9498329,0.039122272,0.00017213647,0.0054423264,0.0008737849],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005290023,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000013584933,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.954991,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000020776939,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002788774,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.42011777},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2149547455","doi":"10.1109/ccece.2004.1349674","title":"2-D CMOS based image sensor system for fluorescent detection","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Photodiode; Image sensor; CMOS; Pixel; CMOS sensor; Amplifier; Computer science; Optoelectronics; Materials science; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.004942795473847928,"score_gpt":0.18662613442731235,"score_spread":0.18168333895346442,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2149547455","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.20504795,0.000036108035,0.7878887,0.00015497352,0.0011879188,0.00045994952,0.000015197666,0.002213456,0.00299573],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9824001,8.8170464e-7,0.017281648,0.000035420962,0.000115462404,0.000026111426,0.000003916679,0.00003575627,0.0001007101],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994827,0.000004510799,0.00012279087,0.00011857674,0.00007669559,0.00019475285],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99974185,0.000017732196,0.000010024658,0.00014597876,0.00003368391,0.00005074866],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000050990137,0.00010627151,0.00009634206,0.00005032859,0.000048975897,0.00003470348,0.000045093224,0.0000374481,0.000011252078],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000010224676,0.0000994714,0.0000681087,0.0000768957,0.0000107553715,0.000055779652,0.000003531262,0.00005300288,0.00007893724],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000024828274,0.00002932197,0.000020914089,0.0006189524,0.000030877418,0.000012493984,0.00008725235,0.07287551,0.9190813,0.00034798018,0.00050149567,0.006369119],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008375186,0.000020383415,0.0001001568,0.000040712526,0.000014377416,0.000011113596,0.00015060719,0.11933641,0.87737745,0.00001694106,0.0019423817,0.00015196277],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000027855074,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000015724367,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.77735215,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017262189,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008144154,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4056326},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2150060182","doi":"10.3389/fncom.2013.00021","title":"Local field potentials reflect multiple spatial scales in V4","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Frontiers in Computational Neuroscience","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University Health Centre; Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital; McGill University","funders":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Fonds Québécois de la Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies","keywords":"Local field potential; Field (mathematics); Neuroscience; Psychology; Mathematics","score_opus":0.007648711472084798,"score_gpt":0.21722046716460935,"score_spread":0.20957175569252456,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2150060182","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.35960492,0.000048976435,0.6382948,0.00031390405,0.0013080251,0.00012224965,0.000002869497,0.00007221755,0.00023205703],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9882761,0.000010407371,0.011246285,0.000393677,0.000028758002,0.000011556464,0.000002920824,0.000010683164,0.000019602494],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990841,0.000029462099,0.00020682311,0.00022179386,0.00021383633,0.00024398557],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997332,0.00009331895,0.000018265304,0.000084418054,0.00002117307,0.00004962576],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007445495,0.00010148297,0.00012246202,0.00018864348,0.0000398295,0.000057761015,0.00018663336,0.000035184767,0.000008974198],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009573858,0.00010915951,0.00002670726,0.00034015861,0.000099624995,0.0002178513,0.000029167946,0.00015797504,0.000014555496],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000036623728,0.00002195974,0.035633497,0.000009064014,6.7360503e-7,0.000012951851,0.000052525942,0.9423232,0.0021274576,0.000029285517,0.004291939,0.015493759],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00019784989,0.000017794246,0.14814918,0.000013353061,5.1426343e-7,0.000005012976,0.00002795565,0.84839123,0.0005627432,0.0023696087,0.00015997814,0.000104786115],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00015474707,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006647781,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.62867117,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005033864,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001726142,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4451396},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2150367189","doi":"10.1109/ccece.2004.1349745","title":"Pixel architectures for digital X-ray mammography in crystalline silicon technology","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Pixel; CMOS; Mammography; Digital mammography; Tomosynthesis; Image resolution; Materials science; Transistor; Silicon; Image sensor; Computer science; Dynamic range; Dot pitch; Feature (linguistics); Optoelectronics; Electronic engineering; Voltage; Electrical engineering; Artificial intelligence; Computer vision; Engineering; Medicine","score_opus":0.0034955935131280825,"score_gpt":0.1901873694706605,"score_spread":0.18669177595753242,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2150367189","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9765905,0.00019880859,0.019503294,0.00045320377,0.000049091424,0.00017227414,0.000013222862,0.0006560235,0.0023635728],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9965922,0.0000041947574,0.0031876517,0.000045817334,0.000033888184,0.000021639822,0.0000060349907,0.00002616647,0.000082374594],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994339,0.0000010951189,0.00013792953,0.00013327642,0.00005003929,0.0002437946],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997926,0.000021171343,0.000007714021,0.00013707965,0.000011103837,0.000030331312],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000022683425,0.000117247946,0.00012204688,0.00033371575,0.00001790941,0.000027737455,0.00010111315,0.00006447917,0.000008037918],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000019256942,0.00010684855,0.00005775247,0.00033397396,0.000052052066,0.000027421736,0.000012724686,0.00011197446,0.0000064493897],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000029519668,0.00013655385,0.0067156083,0.00013124305,0.00006508207,0.000018430246,0.00036395222,0.8700572,0.058877017,0.005181369,0.00021874464,0.058205284],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.02259718,0.0012681881,0.036246832,0.0006725201,0.00010160576,0.00030428704,0.0035851796,0.12483863,0.183243,0.42608652,0.19549692,0.0055591436],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000062008717,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000057745383,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7452186,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000022111737,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005758147,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.43571573},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2150532551","doi":"10.1109/icassp.1985.1168127","title":"A two-dimensional digital filter chip set for modular two-dimensional filter implementation","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Modular design; Computer science; Digital filter; Chip; Computer hardware; Half-band filter; Filter (signal processing); Set (abstract data type); Chipset; NMOS logic; Electronic engineering; Engineering; Computer vision; Root-raised-cosine filter; Electrical engineering; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.014557625726084369,"score_gpt":0.26673362673692974,"score_spread":0.25217600101084536,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2150532551","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9938154,0.00006138521,0.0016124375,0.000587394,0.00030727248,0.00034842992,0.0003057294,0.0004096475,0.0025522683],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9860127,3.9908602e-7,0.010729145,0.0007816168,0.0004962668,0.000040758117,0.00056489574,0.000058400547,0.0013158417],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99876505,0.000008752541,0.00029936404,0.00026962167,0.00024799997,0.0004091897],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99952936,0.000073038136,0.000026846725,0.00020322535,0.00005869338,0.000108818844],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008597922,0.00023578241,0.00017337955,0.00009258871,0.00008452292,0.00010121579,0.00009727235,0.00003869945,0.0013462515],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000008590426,0.00021823509,0.00013305887,0.00008339199,0.000025502437,0.00043726995,0.000040837414,0.000104293875,0.00024211599],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000054648248,0.00008639567,0.0006026863,0.00004114789,0.00018793918,0.000009159737,0.0003560559,0.76944834,0.06932729,0.0008215987,0.1308244,0.028240338],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0045464784,0.000079594465,0.0013702847,0.00003212232,0.000052327036,0.00008872663,0.00011588394,0.8872846,0.07206984,0.0010883877,0.0324193,0.0008524984],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000016785156,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000032112308,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.11783622,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000705138,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000017541915,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995667},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2151670855","doi":"10.1109/cvpr.1993.341074","title":"Conformal transplantation of lightness to varying resolution sensors","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Lightness; Conformal map; Color constancy; Computation; Resolution (logic); Artificial intelligence; Computer science; Computer vision; Constraint (computer-aided design); Shading; Poisson distribution; Image (mathematics); Algorithm; Mathematics; Computer graphics (images); Mathematical analysis; Geometry; Statistics","score_opus":0.01147364984966817,"score_gpt":0.1920801427219184,"score_spread":0.18060649287225022,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2151670855","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.915108,0.00004118709,0.0106568765,0.0001190495,0.00016179569,0.000076868426,0.0000054560214,0.0002482806,0.07358244],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99822706,0.000038923405,0.001183625,0.000028879773,0.000026609585,0.0000017330874,0.0000029179157,0.0000099161625,0.00048035252],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996031,0.000004763185,0.00013292096,0.000056047233,0.00008295328,0.000120246084],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99984986,0.000014397223,0.000008325202,0.000072545794,0.00001822629,0.000036629754],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000031766947,0.00006118553,0.00007374644,0.00007003037,0.000019833713,0.0000076232213,0.000037405807,0.000025188645,0.00018113929],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000033674744,0.000060121052,0.000023150897,0.00011669967,0.000008205459,0.00009474134,0.0000023694968,0.00003962993,0.00007545405],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000037220743,0.00004378557,0.0003888597,0.00043979526,0.00005299327,0.000021498287,0.011206871,0.7764452,0.18342519,0.0034589397,0.005537113,0.018942507],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00051278685,0.000035841524,0.0024269454,0.00006911007,0.00002499484,0.000042256186,0.00018584126,0.6737942,0.3184201,0.00001894553,0.00419457,0.00027439877],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000014982554,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000037538946,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.13499491,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000012502894,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":8.709633e-7,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.24516654},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2151911489","doi":"10.1109/iscas.2011.5937939","title":"Dual VDD block based CMOS image sensor - preliminary evaluation","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"National Institute of Standards and Technology","keywords":"Block (permutation group theory); Image sensor; CMOS; Pixel; Computer science; Power (physics); Computer vision; Artificial intelligence; Image quality; Image (mathematics); Electronic engineering; Mathematics; Engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.026117915567173647,"score_gpt":0.22686368903643767,"score_spread":0.20074577346926403,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2151911489","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.84604204,0.00008960159,0.0026714613,0.00015007147,0.00042981212,0.00035962387,0.0000085547435,0.0011181721,0.14913064],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9886807,0.000002323581,0.010339476,0.00012138111,0.00008429734,0.00001696204,0.000010304498,0.000036111076,0.00070844265],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99925613,0.000028588589,0.0001500193,0.00014904338,0.00020915223,0.00020708723],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99958956,0.000028301316,0.000014394635,0.000238672,0.00006747109,0.00006161912],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016783971,0.00013264068,0.00009770587,0.00006395925,0.00003569884,0.000019563318,0.0000621625,0.000047578076,0.0016012789],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000030931176,0.00012653582,0.00004949091,0.000097106444,0.000026320553,0.00011520561,0.000012271592,0.00009423291,0.00038385333],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00046339774,0.0010887227,0.0048802164,0.00077990966,0.0005199525,0.00046771203,0.010680423,0.07819042,0.5044205,0.00095309166,0.29201296,0.10554266],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00074566714,0.000082386476,0.01250139,0.000023556959,0.00008442973,0.000029842144,0.00019786753,0.8574698,0.12653731,0.000105524035,0.0018727795,0.00034948057],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003978175,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000043015984,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.77927935,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000037534268,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000017488868,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9993114},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2152035224","doi":"10.1109/ccece.1998.682732","title":"200 MHz 0.8 μm CMOS gradient vector processor for real-time execution","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Frame rate; Computer science; Frame (networking); Vector processor; Pixel; Division (mathematics); Computer hardware; Media processor; Square root; CMOS; Electronic engineering; Digital signal processor; Artificial intelligence; Arithmetic; Engineering; Digital signal processing; Mathematics; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.011032142068790891,"score_gpt":0.19795106695081754,"score_spread":0.18691892488202666,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2152035224","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8411693,0.0005463168,0.008535262,0.0010351599,0.000912117,0.0011076103,0.000047413887,0.0035572636,0.14308955],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97052246,0.00012208955,0.0036891557,0.00007184205,0.0002612297,0.00008040703,0.00001653615,0.00006574388,0.025170533],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993389,0.0000043560362,0.00014227016,0.00014994795,0.00009231082,0.00027218307],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997133,0.000026044067,0.0000140951015,0.00014482312,0.000034900895,0.000066833156],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000042879983,0.00012696694,0.00012109487,0.000047669535,0.000050457966,0.000030015402,0.00007506568,0.000043349988,0.00053889456],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000017896205,0.00011764472,0.000056052326,0.000114118746,0.000014946777,0.00009362738,0.0000064198152,0.00005141924,0.00039367928],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000040541316,0.00030071038,0.00025452822,0.0006967549,0.00017288918,0.000016532726,0.002814092,0.020344427,0.18755907,0.0029697567,0.75880545,0.026025273],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010129132,0.000117760195,0.0007412316,0.000061925704,0.000053112264,0.000032611515,0.00011655262,0.80688566,0.033051874,0.0002856895,0.15698634,0.0006543168],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000016693819,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000049743617,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7865412,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005613281,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000028185084,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5900517},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2153947774","doi":"10.1109/fpt.2007.4439289","title":"A Multiprocessor System-on-Chip Implementation of a Laser-based Transparency Meter on an FPGA","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"MPSoC; Field-programmable gate array; Computer science; Photodiode; Transparency (behavior); Grayscale; Scalability; Embedded system; System on a chip; Computer hardware; Spectrometer; Multiprocessing; Parallel computing; Materials science; Optics; Optoelectronics; Artificial intelligence; Pixel","score_opus":0.016158503714738134,"score_gpt":0.2757763201938139,"score_spread":0.2596178164790757,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2153947774","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9825921,0.0000071498935,0.012153024,0.000021700904,0.0001034823,0.00015799512,0.000021890926,0.00030584104,0.0046368046],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99871045,5.608253e-7,0.0011014664,0.000074929434,0.000034237135,0.000008283677,0.000016494465,0.000025063142,0.000028536875],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992655,0.000011726026,0.00024369298,0.00013097416,0.00016036487,0.00018775229],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996795,0.000050356095,0.000025023384,0.00015995702,0.000025957712,0.0000592268],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014859768,0.00012078553,0.00012853432,0.0001218815,0.000022549351,0.000010802291,0.00007051959,0.000031777774,0.000082821934],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000032994278,0.00010559306,0.00004689395,0.00012200595,0.000009792216,0.000060755006,0.0000012270177,0.00006134435,0.000018990171],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0012746699,0.0014641209,0.025696602,0.0065319147,0.000516328,0.00014341487,0.012631299,0.3329691,0.3194616,0.0039540897,0.0018747442,0.29348212],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012982109,0.00024340901,0.009213858,0.00008933903,0.000025800056,0.0000014658498,0.0016852465,0.021574331,0.96552116,0.000006732182,0.00014009584,0.00020037446],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009478324,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002508436,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6460595,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000041497206,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000078767835,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.43059602},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2154053938","doi":"10.1109/jsen.2011.2156405","title":"A Low-Power Block-Based CMOS Image Sensor With Dual VDD","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Sensors Journal","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"CMOS; Computer science; Image sensor; Power (physics); Electronic engineering; Cadence; MATLAB; Pixel; Voltage; Chip; Block (permutation group theory); Low-power electronics; Artificial intelligence; Electrical engineering; Engineering; Mathematics; Telecommunications; Power consumption; Physics","score_opus":0.009361996104403553,"score_gpt":0.19124430076220347,"score_spread":0.18188230465779992,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2154053938","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98631305,0.00005689948,0.0016623101,0.00013161071,0.0009967501,0.00013542635,0.000016207387,0.00044666015,0.010241106],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9904299,0.000017582854,0.008204686,0.00022898929,0.00043423558,0.0000030767164,0.000001227575,0.00014124901,0.0005390725],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981034,0.000067731,0.00041421017,0.00025622596,0.00044316155,0.0007153121],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989302,0.000053611173,0.0001027578,0.00036240258,0.00018521764,0.00036577167],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020909554,0.00040037636,0.00034735329,0.00023869149,0.00018333553,0.00013923453,0.00019153458,0.00011318771,0.000637509],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000025771975,0.00033119202,0.00017572414,0.00026476927,0.00015470905,0.00023952585,0.000009690134,0.0008030189,0.00032401626],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0014337228,0.001228852,0.004542423,0.0004083363,0.0016770759,0.025589427,0.015217706,0.15519762,0.6742486,0.00008047534,0.11629488,0.0040808725],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0072066844,0.00084831356,0.006963112,0.000706974,0.0003585274,0.017709862,0.0015813713,0.039132122,0.905017,0.00014241425,0.017421843,0.0029117384],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000013615224,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007688293,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.23076843,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010235553,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000063620195,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999914},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2157002816","doi":"10.1109/ccece.2003.1226161","title":"New scanning technique for the power management of pixel array","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; CMC Microsystems","keywords":"Computer science; Sorting; Modular design; Power (physics); Power budget; Smoothing; Power consumption; Embedded system; Power management; ARM9; Algorithm; Operating system; Computer vision; Electric power system","score_opus":0.0068739858046719185,"score_gpt":0.21758773856221494,"score_spread":0.21071375275754303,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2157002816","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0013749173,0.0001268084,0.96109885,0.000262252,0.00010488189,0.00024287264,7.605776e-7,0.00014140701,0.036647256],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.884059,0.000018015719,0.114218645,0.0000521963,0.00002502484,0.000024562276,4.5717434e-7,0.000019250143,0.0015828091],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997026,8.944339e-7,0.00008190521,0.000055242155,0.0000537576,0.00010561677],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998121,0.000012217882,0.000008161383,0.00014014715,0.000008725515,0.000018610697],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000051376348,0.00005834629,0.00005500319,0.000021505513,0.000021361277,0.00000893209,0.00009028313,0.000015188713,0.000039676648],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000014402957,0.00004091512,0.000039516213,0.00006969854,0.000009234349,0.000026627482,0.000008020047,0.000035869147,0.000005073134],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000024067605,0.00005340514,0.000115888106,0.00047381438,0.0005303868,0.0000062190693,0.0017334747,0.20987748,0.5573122,0.15208466,0.031010589,0.046777826],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009587815,0.000046152098,0.00089986896,0.0002359005,0.000065067565,0.000010461146,0.0010317748,0.00069956004,0.8875813,0.008646463,0.09949549,0.0003291626],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000019304132,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000019867066,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8826841,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000019818854,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000043617997,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.16684702},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2157115971","doi":"10.1109/pacrim.1991.160844","title":"DEDIP: a user-friendly environment for digital image processing algorithm development","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Computer science; Graphical user interface; Software; Digital image processing; User interface; Image processing; Interpreter; Processing; Software development; Operating system; Image (mathematics); Programming language; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.00703335797886075,"score_gpt":0.17919411457260223,"score_spread":0.17216075659374147,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2157115971","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.051295895,0.0004542684,0.92903876,0.00013053289,0.00016611212,0.00035898248,0.000018020351,0.0008419158,0.017695492],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.49964318,0.000026809548,0.4897896,0.00007178802,0.00016621753,0.00009460948,0.000024059345,0.00009568011,0.010088054],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992639,0.0000014223423,0.00016901748,0.00015906163,0.00012583865,0.00028080482],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997891,0.000013438008,0.000013515205,0.00010276414,0.000010981552,0.00007016014],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000028818806,0.00014528382,0.00010490915,0.000038797167,0.000071196235,0.00010767919,0.00008260983,0.00003025562,0.00019089137],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000005599604,0.00013594974,0.000037429552,0.00004716571,0.00002315207,0.00026931174,0.000021121685,0.000057407873,0.00024838786],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000014145169,0.00007103959,0.00012632852,0.00009083223,0.000032587493,0.000008596971,0.0006724775,0.0004612371,0.0010932694,0.000013344748,0.0099371495,0.9874917],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00049935636,0.000023769937,0.00031773065,0.000029100936,0.000011033747,0.000016395246,0.00021901708,0.21439688,0.014751681,0.000014344271,0.76930165,0.0004190177],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":5.21715e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.6423341e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9870727,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007285835,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000045466018,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5543869},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2157322820","doi":"10.1109/iscas.2005.1464656","title":"A Wide Dynamic Range CMOS Active Pixel Sensor with Frame Difference","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"CMC Microsystems","keywords":"CMOS; Pixel; Dram; Dynamic range; Image sensor; Rolling shutter; Frame (networking); Dot pitch; Shutter; Frame rate; HARP; Chip; CMOS sensor; High dynamic range; Wide dynamic range; Electrical engineering; Physics; Optoelectronics; Computer science; Optics; Engineering; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.0036788783932645472,"score_gpt":0.18650794470755144,"score_spread":0.1828290663142869,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2157322820","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96307963,0.000063343796,0.018792225,0.00050097535,0.0000650254,0.00013120049,0.00000853747,0.000710649,0.0166484],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9902373,0.000022223276,0.0055334247,0.00026819846,0.000049234215,0.000010420712,0.0000030571114,0.00004050819,0.0038356096],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993117,0.000008914943,0.00010315746,0.00016851499,0.00013232489,0.0002754034],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996113,0.0000626805,0.000013490315,0.00021298681,0.000023424393,0.00007612423],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000019658068,0.00017509,0.0001559796,0.000050119797,0.000036273468,0.000032438053,0.00009554354,0.00004790428,0.0001783896],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000111663985,0.00013632717,0.00003479454,0.00011332946,0.00004020496,0.000105061285,0.0000126504565,0.00019258555,0.00019254789],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005370174,0.0006239521,0.025836091,0.00046723988,0.0011392538,0.00019673773,0.01575497,0.10512747,0.28825384,0.0020709783,0.0072707613,0.5527217],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0028575284,0.00015161594,0.14594969,0.00020292524,0.00011531391,0.00014919584,0.0014183861,0.79146653,0.023716811,0.00022349697,0.03198627,0.0017622557],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000020136922,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001724077,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.686339,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007793117,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008412228,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5559261},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2158150403","doi":"10.1109/dft.2010.35","title":"Tradeoffs in Imager Design with Respect to Pixel Defect Rates","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Pixel; Sensitivity (control systems); Image sensor; Reliability (semiconductor); Computer science; Field of view; Charge-coupled device; Artificial intelligence; Optics; Computer vision; Electronic engineering; Physics; Engineering; Power (physics)","score_opus":0.009535320455806745,"score_gpt":0.21672312413818098,"score_spread":0.20718780368237424,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2158150403","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9412612,0.00004703306,0.026738314,0.0005065816,0.00017126978,0.00022522686,0.0000010612415,0.00047052157,0.030578831],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9499829,0.0000024635021,0.049218915,0.00018944564,0.000047145353,0.000011042629,4.951579e-7,0.000032762633,0.00051482447],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99945134,0.000014325388,0.00009507299,0.00013509794,0.000081452104,0.00022271692],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996516,0.00008741121,0.000004501529,0.00017530513,0.000014485303,0.00006670124],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013686263,0.000113974325,0.000105462255,0.000101119746,0.000016384787,0.000043080807,0.000086826556,0.00003106908,0.000115564195],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000038403534,0.00008848316,0.000024513325,0.00022983707,0.000018210456,0.00008776232,0.00000709712,0.00019150056,0.00013195079],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009047181,0.000052312153,0.0028674689,0.000021357708,0.000040527448,0.000099053024,0.0013857962,0.025639348,0.9489713,0.0008602027,0.012195037,0.00777716],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0022384645,0.0003192571,0.0348847,0.00009852302,0.000046196765,0.00022581006,0.0007268477,0.040887903,0.8661516,0.0006232579,0.052236967,0.0015605328],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003428167,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00016162012,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08281972,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000016350756,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010250534,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.36082387},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2158483412","doi":"10.1109/camp.1995.521015","title":"Low level segmentation using CMOS smart hexagonal image sensor","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Computer science; Very-large-scale integration; Image sensor; Pixel; Computer vision; Artificial intelligence; Image processing; Intelligent sensor; Image segmentation; Pyramid (geometry); Computer hardware; Segmentation; Embedded system; Wireless sensor network; Image (mathematics)","score_opus":0.03648453461509579,"score_gpt":0.23208028654774723,"score_spread":0.19559575193265144,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2158483412","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94728756,0.000052428866,0.034541268,0.00010935312,0.00035540204,0.00010011977,0.0000150161795,0.00046869696,0.017070148],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9611543,0.000015201686,0.035579983,0.00016696655,0.00014216446,0.0000025032004,0.000007681524,0.000041909185,0.0028893244],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993846,0.000009835026,0.00014085663,0.00012203642,0.00012893211,0.00021373281],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997696,0.000018571422,0.000012309243,0.00012051574,0.000023549328,0.000055409917],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00003552008,0.00012271864,0.0000945604,0.00005507715,0.000052108433,0.000053531247,0.000050088976,0.000032755488,0.00149075],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000007014567,0.00012437814,0.000044363154,0.00010793835,0.000022484377,0.00018023244,0.000010258659,0.00008606991,0.0003873272],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000031820823,0.00006265271,0.0009901475,0.0000881066,0.00005752824,0.000037388334,0.0007274816,0.017894404,0.9393583,0.000061101055,0.015396494,0.02532319],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00044761968,0.000009321689,0.0012534607,0.00002479884,0.000019095583,0.000063836436,0.00028320754,0.82378495,0.17213237,0.000031230302,0.0016197839,0.0003303323],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000025698788,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005614385,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.80589056,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006245579,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002681564,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999422},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2159238467","doi":"10.1109/ccece.1999.807243","title":"Design of a multi-purpose silicon integrated optical sensor","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"CMOS; Silicon; Electronic engineering; Computer science; Process (computing); Optoelectronics; Materials science; Electrical engineering; Engineering","score_opus":0.021018259009671265,"score_gpt":0.22504360237439372,"score_spread":0.20402534336472244,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2159238467","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.36194405,0.00018258394,0.62125057,0.000025381214,0.00023142454,0.00025462307,0.0000030128701,0.00061866717,0.015489669],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9309252,0.000011460685,0.06815549,0.000024520454,0.0000068466265,0.0000033820916,0.0000010973306,0.000023266532,0.000848739],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994888,0.00002708538,0.00015554755,0.00009465782,0.000066988614,0.0001669755],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99970025,0.000060979564,0.000008642284,0.00014092578,0.00003468658,0.000054537002],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008266928,0.00010616144,0.00013972333,0.00004960752,0.000011301515,0.000010527909,0.000049627273,0.00004814608,0.00017869282],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007726912,0.00008963895,0.000033574546,0.0001352316,0.00003368313,0.000037259397,0.0000038844805,0.00009629607,0.00006464739],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001641417,0.00014219621,0.00039669542,0.00006068176,0.00007349715,0.000027796179,0.00047980668,0.11658637,0.8687301,0.0030854517,0.0013539676,0.009047009],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00055629516,0.00003114401,0.0001550168,0.000019347868,0.000015551705,0.000025197087,0.00030784472,0.36521533,0.6314186,0.000033247423,0.002022399,0.00020006912],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008152425,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000017469339,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5689812,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000019298723,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011391537,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.36553702},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2160491217","doi":"10.1109/led.2006.887624","title":"On-Pixel Voltage-Controlled Oscillator in Amorphous-Silicon Technology for Digital Imaging Applications","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Electron Device Letters","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Ring oscillator; Materials science; Optoelectronics; Amorphous silicon; Thin-film transistor; Transistor; Voltage; Silicon; Linearity; Pixel; Sensitivity (control systems); Electrical engineering; Electronic engineering; Voltage-controlled oscillator; Computer science; CMOS; Engineering; Optics; Physics; Nanotechnology; Crystalline silicon","score_opus":0.0031977764793404083,"score_gpt":0.2164556694495268,"score_spread":0.21325789297018638,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2160491217","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.91533285,0.00024643407,0.08019684,0.0018105243,0.00021551142,0.0009713868,0.000010413509,0.00071657135,0.00049944664],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99721587,0.000005150674,0.00027733564,0.0018900223,0.00019314901,0.00026447274,0.0000095902515,0.00007744217,0.0000669514],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984251,0.000005234599,0.0003531192,0.00032755893,0.0001331055,0.0007558693],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993162,0.00023496729,0.000052174844,0.00030332594,0.000029624642,0.00006366775],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001763041,0.0002534208,0.00031705733,0.00052461185,0.0000677019,0.00007092542,0.00023160712,0.00007924333,0.0000035969035],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000031757372,0.0002699375,0.00010799704,0.00051552814,0.00005498969,0.00014897616,0.00000881238,0.00032842977,0.0000577757],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016443073,0.00006490601,0.0025696894,0.00005617711,0.00007039943,0.000018161389,0.0000813207,0.005257588,0.9625159,0.00088803575,0.0041764607,0.024136959],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.028912248,0.00033373915,0.003742876,0.00026809474,0.00021314718,0.0002194484,0.00046266217,0.083492056,0.57224655,0.004074087,0.3019966,0.0040385183],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000054084485,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000036452388,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.39026934,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00025398863,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014801054,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99997526},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2160559300","doi":"10.1109/jssc.2011.2157254","title":"CMOS Technology Scaling Considerations for Multi-Gbps Optical Receivers With Integrated Photodetectors","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"University of Toronto; Intel Corporation","keywords":"Photodetector; CMOS; Responsivity; Photodiode; Electronic engineering; Bandwidth (computing); Computer science; Equalization (audio); Scaling; Optical communication; Optoelectronics; Materials science; Telecommunications; Engineering; Channel (broadcasting)","score_opus":0.05069765439284393,"score_gpt":0.2568603904432476,"score_spread":0.20616273605040367,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2160559300","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8800796,0.00009964047,0.118181996,0.000051998773,0.0008678499,0.00023017298,0.0000411003,0.00018866309,0.00025892473],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97708136,0.00006241222,0.022629512,0.000050337796,0.00006526086,0.000008842943,9.804071e-7,0.000060185583,0.000041111434],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987779,0.000018856417,0.0005141568,0.00015441117,0.00015690965,0.00037774505],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999008,0.0001047974,0.00015210462,0.00015563982,0.00044257313,0.00013687632],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017368654,0.00022178843,0.0003720487,0.0003265233,0.00010354617,0.00003545223,0.00015634358,0.00011480832,0.000034849145],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015156194,0.00018799162,0.000103636514,0.00027933696,0.00016027904,0.0002573722,0.000006019195,0.00046110863,0.000009225669],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00027350357,0.0005021536,0.0022845427,0.00031949845,0.0018644219,0.0012097781,0.018106526,0.106706716,0.8348883,0.00043894543,0.0038467918,0.029558871],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0033223415,0.00043419798,0.00046328412,0.00042786152,0.00021221359,0.0015208513,0.0021633378,0.02708267,0.96117306,0.001859899,0.00073810533,0.0006021781],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000075205385,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002744912,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12628481,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011055665,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010106587,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.76660764},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2161021723","doi":"10.1109/iscas.2014.6865061","title":"Design of A 128 &amp;#x00D7; 128 CMOS APS with extended noise suppression for high and low light imaging applications","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Effective number of bits; CMOS; Image sensor; Chip; Noise (video); Dynamic range; Electronic engineering; Pixel; Analog-to-digital converter; Computer science; Electrical engineering; Engineering; Artificial intelligence; Image (mathematics); Voltage","score_opus":0.005473452127364146,"score_gpt":0.20025977831676686,"score_spread":0.19478632618940273,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2161021723","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.022861008,0.000112316564,0.974745,0.00024669856,0.000048178732,0.0005527644,0.000007863248,0.00027436618,0.0011518486],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9261097,0.000016218833,0.07314198,0.000049334863,0.00006171499,0.00014227969,0.000013676144,0.00004586706,0.0004192814],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99929327,0.000015946374,0.00017466093,0.00020496984,0.00010092215,0.00021020627],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99941933,0.000120844576,0.000034884375,0.0002927499,0.000058933514,0.00007325434],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010624913,0.00015544861,0.0001854533,0.00007288494,0.00006602974,0.000032929187,0.00009684672,0.000033978416,0.000024517753],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000014011777,0.00012244149,0.000024938381,0.0001008914,0.000040939594,0.00010653202,0.000018500208,0.00006762833,0.000007851265],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000112096146,0.0001459778,0.00070890837,0.00068419613,0.00008435925,9.969906e-7,0.00076839374,0.02106145,0.91583043,0.0041898782,0.009262448,0.047150858],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003742362,0.00012752431,0.0020932965,0.0003752212,0.00019317339,0.000052005213,0.00022254176,0.48232138,0.4630049,0.004375726,0.04240363,0.0010882342],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000014522552,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004844241,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.90324867,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000014176,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008791024,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.49930188},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2161525536","doi":"10.3390/s110504512","title":"Design and Fabrication of Vertically-Integrated CMOS Image Sensors","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Sensors","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"University of Alberta; CMC Microsystems","keywords":"Image sensor; CMOS; Microsystem; Photodetector; CMOS sensor; Integrated circuit; USB; Dot pitch; Die (integrated circuit); Pixel; Computer science; Computer hardware; Electrical engineering; Electronic engineering; Materials science; Engineering; Optoelectronics; Artificial intelligence; Nanotechnology; Software","score_opus":0.0163973620600209,"score_gpt":0.19980596267913459,"score_spread":0.18340860061911368,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2161525536","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98268855,0.000095521355,0.011582384,0.000022963639,0.00013930988,0.00017210306,0.000005167052,0.00032526927,0.0049687154],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.977447,0.00006213097,0.022177614,0.000015539163,0.000023024466,0.0000035206551,0.0000033365445,0.000040190054,0.00022769097],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991973,0.000051055784,0.00023741018,0.00017054159,0.000115671566,0.00022801298],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994933,0.00006761238,0.00003075683,0.00022543776,0.00009659845,0.00008626516],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010809616,0.00016235751,0.00019298856,0.00009552735,0.000029177121,0.000013342867,0.00007956391,0.00006800966,0.000092065064],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007733181,0.00015309942,0.000039310886,0.00019281497,0.00011781187,0.0000780087,0.000012952811,0.00012484765,0.000059078156],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003336112,0.00027735936,0.004035851,0.00046850686,0.00046755344,0.00013990256,0.018069921,0.026952023,0.9026136,0.0016162116,0.0052896775,0.039735824],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00065167237,0.000100837424,0.013065271,0.0000737707,0.00009488937,0.000049962142,0.00087527785,0.40119123,0.5817217,0.00043729134,0.0012008362,0.00053721725],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000049684153,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000012707546,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.37423924,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000023807846,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009339096,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6243213},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2162618988","doi":"10.1109/icsens.2010.5690140","title":"A variable topology partitioned pixel amplifier for low and high light level detection in a CMOS imager","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"CMC Microsystems","keywords":"Reset (finance); Amplifier; Pixel; Computer science; CMOS; Electronic engineering; Topology (electrical circuits); Noise (video); Electrical engineering; Engineering; Artificial intelligence; Image (mathematics)","score_opus":0.006904720632106767,"score_gpt":0.20245944110095224,"score_spread":0.19555472046884548,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2162618988","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.80721086,0.000014006297,0.18907154,0.00035308115,0.0006478329,0.00020220017,0.000010300631,0.00019202336,0.0022981663],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98519784,0.0000027648641,0.013684726,0.0001046597,0.00009493884,0.000058007616,0.0000036991316,0.00001826797,0.0008351009],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995205,0.0000055833475,0.00011965514,0.00013043745,0.00003285599,0.00019099357],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999777,0.000044080974,0.000009519045,0.00010814124,0.00002314063,0.000038093778],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007729821,0.000085075335,0.000105371895,0.00006484138,0.00003872773,0.00002862164,0.000033048178,0.00007893905,0.00013316248],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003497591,0.00008158474,0.000016684693,0.000083086656,0.000022361355,0.0000973758,0.0000093940935,0.00012736222,0.000012757136],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000017615685,0.00002807957,0.0002639832,0.0000577055,0.000013742354,0.0000014739929,0.00015353881,0.00030782487,0.98652923,0.00669701,0.0007886098,0.0051411926],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003113937,0.00009308159,0.015313221,0.000039803006,0.000040448824,0.00008921622,0.00018168268,0.13502559,0.7757553,0.028556962,0.04103929,0.0007514651],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010710817,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00064462837,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.21077392,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000013280188,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006074614,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.33269292},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2162735215","doi":"10.1109/edssc.2011.6117732","title":"3D modeling of CMOS image sensor: From process to opto-electronic response","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Crosslight Software (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Image sensor; CMOS; Pixel; Process (computing); Computer science; Electronic engineering; Semiconductor device modeling; Computer vision; Engineering","score_opus":0.012909039175971238,"score_gpt":0.22212354598946507,"score_spread":0.20921450681349382,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2162735215","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9522176,0.00006849707,0.037684273,0.000033155662,0.00006510947,0.00010948118,0.000009954719,0.0003461109,0.009465822],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98672956,0.000008199379,0.01286601,0.000051170256,0.00003075885,0.0000066790008,0.0000020351777,0.000042368494,0.00026321513],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991625,0.00002022576,0.00020393154,0.00017406783,0.00012242004,0.00031684092],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99955916,0.000032198604,0.000013899346,0.000259914,0.00005846045,0.0000763432],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012149162,0.00013925122,0.00016743416,0.00008586763,0.000020774682,0.000012360607,0.00014972505,0.00004344646,0.00028572776],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000039644838,0.00013502999,0.00004342862,0.00015542778,0.000014539444,0.00010845797,0.000020002166,0.00012501991,0.00010651305],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0012760687,0.0001405311,0.00066189835,0.00014001437,0.00022258877,0.00003425653,0.018210493,0.20145181,0.76712364,0.00029199445,0.0008508499,0.009595862],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00029286084,0.000053146927,0.0002507452,0.000038107653,0.000023284538,0.0000046044656,0.0007534173,0.7844178,0.21297407,0.00042279257,0.00047076755,0.00029838187],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00018793491,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001988598,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.582966,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004452779,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000026701086,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5506363},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2163241937","doi":"10.1109/imtc.2007.379253","title":"Optimization of Delta-Sigma ADC for Column-Level Data Conversion in CMOS Image Sensors","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Delta-sigma modulation; CMOS; Electronic engineering; Image sensor; Capacitor; Sampling (signal processing); Amplifier; Analog-to-digital converter; Chip; Correlated double sampling; Engineering; Electrical engineering; Computer science; Voltage; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.03425933032315631,"score_gpt":0.2606630363068819,"score_spread":0.2264037059837256,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2163241937","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.24591799,0.000049449085,0.7491206,0.00007363337,0.00025767038,0.0003942919,0.00019617523,0.0001972997,0.0037929204],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8799282,0.000030059027,0.11925903,0.000043196535,0.000041562955,0.0000024136725,0.00025304354,0.000035014415,0.00040749545],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992617,0.000007078445,0.00025722454,0.00016345603,0.00010122088,0.0002093665],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99945205,0.000104388644,0.000028411858,0.00031765798,0.0000559593,0.00004151163],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000295499,0.000096996526,0.000143979,0.0001080976,0.000019908242,0.000012471941,0.00016682617,0.000056609962,0.000099661804],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000070567075,0.00010479717,0.000025305639,0.00017878073,0.000028246382,0.00021026973,0.00004229861,0.00006136439,0.000005505202],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000124936,0.00010940374,0.0030418157,0.00043540928,0.000057388934,0.00001861327,0.0006837167,0.93107027,0.025105933,0.00021145488,0.031408902,0.007732164],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007803976,0.000015258063,0.0011630815,0.000026580528,0.00001268398,0.0000032869973,0.00042600906,0.96677727,0.028923428,0.000009782361,0.0017164132,0.00014584386],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00012123112,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00010306425,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6340102,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000038840004,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010485473,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.42735046},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2163923719","doi":"10.1109/tns.2013.2250307","title":"Design of a Real-Time FPGA-Based Data Acquisition Architecture for the LabPET II: An APD-Based Scanner Dedicated to Small Animal PET Imaging","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"","keywords":"Data acquisition; Computer hardware; Field-programmable gate array; Computer science; Detector; Application-specific integrated circuit; Throughput; Real-time computing; Wireless","score_opus":0.02055901194316499,"score_gpt":0.23608066451631896,"score_spread":0.21552165257315398,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2163923719","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.39388984,0.00000401478,0.60344195,0.001419261,0.00014853977,0.00060561317,0.000111189824,0.00034394386,0.00003561794],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.95703804,0.0000013990089,0.042461995,0.000379613,0.000024819856,0.00003126163,0.0000031485802,0.00004424327,0.000015455556],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987351,0.00003748195,0.00019030279,0.0003883512,0.00028568273,0.00036310512],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987452,0.00015043525,0.00003563433,0.000792262,0.00012161014,0.00015487807],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00043140096,0.00016767,0.00013684957,0.00024583825,0.000483197,0.00012796663,0.00088462443,0.0000252451,0.0001498645],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000013547573,0.00013644039,0.000044239554,0.000671456,0.00028756695,0.00033035048,0.0000048687843,0.00015258946,0.000043167092],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000046703753,0.00005372608,4.609831e-7,0.000012833978,0.000005542603,8.2745663e-7,0.0001798543,0.64928555,0.34218368,0.0000016698818,0.00036758106,0.007861541],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00029168726,0.00016762201,0.0001605047,0.000042837604,0.000029960012,0.000006881294,0.00006357885,0.94595927,0.0529677,0.0000075875896,0.00013726982,0.00016508755],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00016045914,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000138144505,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5631482,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005951252,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009037569,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5563877},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2164538804","doi":"10.1109/dft.2006.31","title":"Fault Tolerant Active Pixel Sensors in 0.18 and 0.35 Micron Technologies","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"CMOS; Pixel; Consistency (knowledge bases); Image sensor; Fabrication; Fault (geology); Process (computing); Point (geometry); Electronic engineering; Computer science; Fault tolerance; Materials science; CMOS sensor; Artificial intelligence; Engineering; Mathematics","score_opus":0.004167690477892198,"score_gpt":0.18482195217648534,"score_spread":0.18065426169859314,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2164538804","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9790257,0.00033488017,0.0001800225,0.00022140155,0.00005862291,0.00007765903,0.0000040734876,0.0008018398,0.019295752],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982156,0.00005640133,0.0009551668,0.000014110682,0.000014076101,0.0000043000505,0.0000021461851,0.000016837363,0.000721322],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994816,0.00000493368,0.0001174017,0.00013725414,0.000053398242,0.00020539311],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99983376,0.000024310233,0.000008911437,0.0001125453,0.00000850379,0.0000119496335],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000024923034,0.00011941274,0.00012518933,0.00011129424,0.000020149999,0.000023826804,0.00005411379,0.00007181039,0.000019737849],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000072207395,0.000108035194,0.000018483559,0.00013068148,0.000048926537,0.00007263397,0.000021385258,0.00013825668,0.000016073702],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000042387885,0.00013000186,0.012014058,0.00016301678,0.000057194848,0.00012357593,0.0011294485,0.04826572,0.79302406,0.00220905,0.014551078,0.12829043],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0017164886,0.000050625626,0.049038284,0.00014116704,0.000022769225,0.00011463818,0.0059873606,0.10268771,0.79031885,0.0024803812,0.046292473,0.0011492438],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00017343544,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00015095872,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1271412,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000038680977,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000026219714,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.44055474},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2164638294","doi":"10.1109/tns.2008.924081","title":"Wavelets-Based Crystal Identification of Phoswich Detectors for Small-Animal PET","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"","keywords":"Lyso-; Detector; Physics; Digital signal processing; Scintillator; Scintillation; Signal processing; Optics; Wavelet; Nuclear electronics; Computer science; Artificial intelligence; Computer hardware","score_opus":0.016602734311231774,"score_gpt":0.2197174187574624,"score_spread":0.20311468444623063,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2164638294","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8872721,0.0000037860307,0.11191927,0.000035301484,0.0003450907,0.00013217487,0.000025113639,0.00018842584,0.00007874692],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99637383,0.000005971975,0.0035008795,0.00002159729,0.000013614773,0.000008172863,1.7430101e-7,0.000026122016,0.000049639963],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99914503,0.0000066167104,0.00020167879,0.00020419394,0.00022441834,0.00021803194],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995508,0.000040858133,0.00003296834,0.00022190838,0.00008735047,0.00006609753],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014903766,0.00010076701,0.00010241301,0.0002039001,0.0002935973,0.000027506327,0.00022452958,0.00002364349,0.00003279334],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009767975,0.00010803222,0.0000824975,0.0004701035,0.00030237602,0.00015711138,5.2761794e-7,0.000099510566,0.000021507803],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003159458,0.000061201616,0.000006154896,0.000033044704,0.000007194868,0.0000021585981,0.0003488895,0.19815952,0.79904747,0.00001354431,0.000043372325,0.0022458674],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00022032278,0.00007589835,0.0007856891,0.000011128513,0.000011004955,0.00001824849,0.000055862896,0.60690755,0.39161846,0.0000032787736,0.00017483681,0.0001177118],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000012448998,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000703208,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.40874803,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000069229885,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000049744194,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.44054258},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2164701340","doi":"10.1109/mnnfs.1996.493811","title":"VIP: an FPGA-based processor for image processing and neural networks","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":51,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; SIMD; Field-programmable gate array; Multiprocessing; Artificial neural network; Parallel computing; Computer architecture; Image processing; Architecture; Embedded system; Image (mathematics); Computer hardware; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.012109036329285313,"score_gpt":0.2186263407957759,"score_spread":0.20651730446649058,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2164701340","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6599771,0.0016301693,0.33044863,0.00066490524,0.0003233414,0.0005953148,0.000008202188,0.0020908485,0.00426153],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99349743,0.0000054647685,0.0057616085,0.00022059907,0.00013162236,0.000022195269,0.000004915804,0.000041316674,0.00031486637],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994227,0.000004531748,0.00011091905,0.0001559135,0.00005762247,0.00024828373],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99976075,0.000020924688,0.0000130445205,0.000094175855,0.000034553836,0.000076565906],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000041306816,0.00012611343,0.00010712605,0.000035904763,0.0000763524,0.00012287698,0.000062370855,0.000038722803,0.00004678474],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000010100141,0.00011402223,0.000022813769,0.00008499728,0.000031197782,0.00025316366,0.000005267015,0.0000779569,0.0000019035265],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000040331277,0.0001689809,0.0012026594,0.0013162342,0.00002824262,0.000023729533,0.0010457672,0.38356468,0.011055653,0.00006782165,0.008219454,0.5932664],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00035954517,0.000028370523,0.00018528057,0.000014712544,0.000010367988,0.0000071254267,0.00005113819,0.9966331,0.0017486354,0.000018424922,0.00077296863,0.00017031023],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000027093758,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000055432442,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.61306846,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000011121271,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000022567604,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.46496916},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2164895211","doi":"10.1116/1.582291","title":"Modeling and characterization of logarithmic complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor active pixel sensors","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A Vacuum Surfaces and Films","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"CMOS; Photodiode; Chip; Logarithm; Pixel; CMOS sensor; Materials science; Image sensor; Semiconductor; Optoelectronics; Electronic engineering; Computer science; Electrical engineering; Engineering; Artificial intelligence; Mathematics","score_opus":0.009669860614363483,"score_gpt":0.22316007302392518,"score_spread":0.2134902124095617,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2164895211","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9984842,0.0005060493,0.0002606701,0.00037003573,0.00014233166,0.00009971549,0.000030403844,0.00006426927,0.000042341526],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99611396,0.0012863593,0.0025097944,0.000024594972,0.000015290429,0.0000010996027,0.0000019003442,0.0000153081,0.000031711304],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987364,0.000016218715,0.00048425305,0.0002124001,0.00024099236,0.00030975154],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994452,0.000023002975,0.00014486104,0.00015651574,0.00013991627,0.000090533285],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00035669844,0.00018662556,0.00039308722,0.0006102011,0.00015503865,0.0000399143,0.00027924252,0.00010523033,0.00006918248],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000013141964,0.00016044597,0.000049435894,0.00069138873,0.00051081553,0.0006659536,0.000057911435,0.00034048714,0.0000015656171],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000021876056,0.000024971037,0.001191232,0.000022358743,0.00004889009,0.0000071178515,0.00042509814,0.003673994,0.9906125,0.000073974676,0.000006490861,0.0038915174],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012823251,0.00036284767,0.0109440815,0.00022004485,0.00016002737,0.0010033177,0.0029777857,0.59101325,0.38990608,0.0009541671,0.000630648,0.000545436],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000011820954,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000022323152,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6007064,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000034511864,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000042050615,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.65427965},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2166845777","doi":"10.1109/iscas.1998.705351","title":"Two temperature sensors realized in BiCMOS technology","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Resistor; Electrical engineering; BiCMOS; Amplifier; Operational amplifier; Discrete circuit; Transistor; Electronic circuit; Voltage; Electronic engineering; Temperature measurement; Extractor; Threshold voltage; Materials science; Computer science; Engineering; CMOS; Physics","score_opus":0.005898493723713752,"score_gpt":0.1988161072746272,"score_spread":0.19291761355091344,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2166845777","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.92754775,0.00042264545,0.000011965231,0.00094494806,0.00015849364,0.000086636544,0.0000020574212,0.0011462622,0.069679216],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99487823,0.000116425916,0.0009972077,0.00008798702,0.000038928418,0.0000063273255,0.0000014178532,0.000027082977,0.0038463653],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99939996,0.000008871632,0.00014018791,0.000135751,0.00006637353,0.00024888339],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99971926,0.000014675309,0.000006791483,0.00021422606,0.000012205407,0.000032841937],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00003380207,0.00011990363,0.00014338466,0.00023770327,0.000019018438,0.000017583221,0.00009112117,0.00009618526,0.00040625138],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000017420527,0.00010982834,0.000026788422,0.0006116097,0.000028986002,0.000048845875,0.000012778789,0.00023918584,0.00022227541],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000021035637,0.00026336755,0.023440849,0.0001807694,0.00015448897,0.0009216184,0.0025979003,0.079690345,0.613596,0.022290768,0.20036285,0.05648001],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.007863841,0.00008794008,0.0030481939,0.000235832,0.000039967657,0.0005613563,0.002361338,0.4931162,0.24516456,0.0027722083,0.24234805,0.0024005214],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000025103953,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004476947,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.41342583,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000032673794,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000014439735,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.44786698},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2169562479","doi":"","title":"GALS NoC architectures on FPGA dedicated to multispectral image applications","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Windsor","funders":"","keywords":"Multispectral image; Field-programmable gate array; Computer science; Network packet; Embedded system; Network on a chip; Computer architecture; Computer hardware; Artificial intelligence; Computer network","score_opus":0.00443019342707934,"score_gpt":0.23130672490071652,"score_spread":0.22687653147363718,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2169562479","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.59570676,0.00004465688,0.26023358,0.007244546,0.00018983013,0.0011168477,0.000027647606,0.0031719687,0.1322642],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9803719,0.0000013951235,0.0170506,0.0018628144,0.00015617735,0.00003065482,0.000004335971,0.000018845682,0.000503309],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999386,0.0000049455944,0.000110178444,0.00015990854,0.000101681755,0.00023725108],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995617,0.00002183981,0.000005179661,0.00023101912,0.000014366834,0.0001658452],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00002877136,0.00011669402,0.00009484578,0.000121398574,0.000038270617,0.000032218617,0.00013142546,0.000024649675,0.00010449864],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000015206462,0.00010561905,0.000033913573,0.00023746552,0.000008944632,0.000013923417,0.000007320624,0.0001058303,0.00084640755],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002493157,0.00014016149,0.00009477685,0.00001888598,0.000034043827,0.000013450373,0.00091902213,0.11189884,0.55057377,0.0021497349,0.082096614,0.25203574],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007824872,0.00030252128,0.07633678,0.00006579351,0.000029150964,0.000031513435,0.000104757346,0.020415226,0.7751668,0.0013079338,0.124260604,0.001196443],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000012671658,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000014365935,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.38466513,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000029397825,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003648227,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999316},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2170112682","doi":"10.1109/iscas.2000.858756","title":"An adaptive optical sensor","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Sensitivity (control systems); Electronic engineering; SIGNAL (programming language); Voltage; Modulation (music); Process (computing); Dynamic range; Electrical engineering; Engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.015199328505070739,"score_gpt":0.1983645890726782,"score_spread":0.18316526056760746,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2170112682","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5166976,0.00009542224,0.009984939,0.00016868369,0.00021001253,0.000058145775,0.0000023751563,0.0013313798,0.47145143],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9914829,0.000007981057,0.0068447674,0.000074972624,0.00008203018,0.000001115498,5.1406124e-7,0.00001581137,0.001489912],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99967015,0.000003972529,0.00005629386,0.000074405696,0.000058007816,0.00013719327],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997885,0.000012316865,0.0000020076438,0.00012108549,0.000008876168,0.000067205285],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000014671399,0.00006315317,0.000056773475,0.000021045591,0.00001608946,0.000017756016,0.00004538964,0.000024053645,0.0009627416],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000032324006,0.000057020294,0.000019312536,0.00004961501,0.000016683452,0.00007133221,0.0000033680462,0.00006559858,0.000650215],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000033262622,0.0006029735,0.0019446026,0.00007595695,0.00027741218,0.00044308664,0.004669233,0.1587633,0.17186905,0.072012216,0.16297829,0.4263306],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00014592544,0.00004580857,0.0007029161,0.0000036600818,0.0000064291576,0.000023255237,0.00022093931,0.98004335,0.0105422465,0.00006251742,0.008015728,0.00018720867],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000033519007,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000023444604,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.82128006,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000011711599,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":4.7343832e-7,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999505},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2170735571","doi":"10.1109/mwscas.2008.4616752","title":"A 2a-stage memory write scheme for CMOS pulse-width-modulation digital pixel sensors","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Pixel; CMOS; Computer science; Pulse-width modulation; Image sensor; Verilog; Electronic engineering; Modulation (music); Computer hardware; Voltage; Electrical engineering; Artificial intelligence; Engineering; Physics; Field-programmable gate array","score_opus":0.017529787892432872,"score_gpt":0.213789496750984,"score_spread":0.19625970885855112,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2170735571","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95603865,0.00006179355,0.015741702,0.00013415085,0.0002625967,0.00030013567,0.000046439818,0.00088209455,0.02653246],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98069763,0.000015400401,0.0048882137,0.00008121694,0.0001926115,0.000017205237,0.000051655108,0.0000666007,0.0139894765],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99902886,0.0000052209202,0.00023906618,0.00021997202,0.00016864452,0.00033822912],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99951446,0.0000639492,0.00002354077,0.0002501895,0.000054424567,0.000093422845],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000053727043,0.00020024944,0.00018242301,0.00009155828,0.00010587299,0.00006384103,0.0000936821,0.000077924604,0.00011834136],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004839185,0.00020206544,0.00011874086,0.00014266057,0.00004610554,0.00038682608,0.000018279736,0.00011688646,0.00013476079],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00030403762,0.00086451677,0.03681127,0.0015687031,0.0009657679,0.00028428572,0.008094484,0.38390836,0.32222602,0.005710299,0.09050546,0.14875679],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0016279492,0.00006774361,0.007912558,0.000037209007,0.000018581757,0.000098311415,0.00036555278,0.891071,0.019970568,0.00019837644,0.07771134,0.0009207954],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009450217,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000356757,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5071627,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000051275907,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012631582,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.823999},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2171023475","doi":"10.1002/pssc.200881337","title":"Noise analysis of a novel hybrid active‐passive pixel sensor for medical X‐ray imaging","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physica status solidi. C, Conferences and critical reviews/Physica status solidi. C, Current topics in solid state physics","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Health Sciences Centre; Sunnybrook Health Science Centre; University of Toronto; University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Noise (video); Pixel; Transistor; Detector; Dynamic range; Thin-film transistor; Dark current; Image sensor; Amplifier; Dot pitch; SIGNAL (programming language); Physics; Computer science; Optoelectronics; Electrical engineering; Optics; CMOS; Voltage; Engineering; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.03296344403641117,"score_gpt":0.34888121986828396,"score_spread":0.3159177758318728,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2171023475","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.4350968,0.028278092,0.49966177,0.005425448,0.0040449803,0.0073209214,0.012217949,0.0012942578,0.0066597774],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97020257,0.026675232,0.0014470943,0.00023929507,0.0006743001,0.00020846202,0.0004341449,0.000097070064,0.000021847383],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99307865,0.00022126503,0.0018612904,0.0013223767,0.0011261115,0.0023902818],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99595845,0.0010476501,0.00041152272,0.0009011872,0.0006742724,0.0010068984],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00034850126,0.0012136685,0.0030612862,0.00038717964,0.00028032777,0.00027216255,0.0006201243,0.00012418546,0.000037331512],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00066043384,0.0011413125,0.0010068547,0.0014493015,0.0007771978,0.0007084445,0.00018538519,0.0011587793,0.000010783983],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002518867,0.003957136,0.00081881526,0.0026944529,0.0012194815,0.000028984336,0.005948935,0.005658785,0.008019633,0.085018314,0.0015468263,0.88483673],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0040519177,0.0005239367,0.0045972974,0.0020728002,0.0029572407,0.000007312544,0.0011905392,0.87409276,0.0055712117,0.040404428,0.061324466,0.0032060808],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007280735,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000034537345,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.88163066,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022869515,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004384918,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99910367},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2175182381","doi":"10.1109/newcas.2011.5981203","title":"Mode detection of a linear-logarithmic current-mode image sensor","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"National Research Council Canada","keywords":"Comparator; Integrator; PMOS logic; Transistor; Correlated double sampling; CMOS; Electronic engineering; Differential amplifier; Current conveyor; Parasitic capacitance; Electrical engineering; Amplifier; Computer science; Engineering; Resistor; Capacitance; Physics; Voltage","score_opus":0.01610898744158532,"score_gpt":0.24159096080087583,"score_spread":0.22548197335929052,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2175182381","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.89302444,0.00009860129,0.08857567,0.000007032807,0.00048430066,0.00010522401,0.000012750754,0.0005505663,0.017141415],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99280095,0.00003198513,0.0068815337,0.0000058480673,0.00006063471,0.0000039213196,0.0000019351457,0.000024676197,0.0001885194],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994795,0.000009097378,0.00015678279,0.00010912569,0.00008138604,0.0001641498],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997182,0.000010007484,0.000018216157,0.00017165537,0.00003880347,0.000043138858],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00003321151,0.0001043506,0.00011805857,0.00007661759,0.000022064498,0.0000058322025,0.0000701483,0.0000359857,0.00009655054],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000011467461,0.00009917747,0.000057250796,0.00010290354,0.000031514315,0.00010062918,0.000013821322,0.00012289282,0.00008242408],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000230298,0.000084623214,0.00041028898,0.00017466384,0.000044773547,0.000005727401,0.001591132,0.0022907252,0.9421832,0.00018966729,0.00034400963,0.052658133],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00022356116,0.000017490915,0.0007632096,0.000018106331,0.000016859261,0.000010404379,0.000084187246,0.38833016,0.60936743,0.00018788796,0.0008217622,0.000158955],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00023057507,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005212616,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.38603944,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000019967682,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000052741184,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.404434},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2176551645","doi":"10.7567/ssdm.2007.g-9-4","title":"New Reconfigurable Memory Architecture for Parallel Image Processing LSI with Three-Dimensional Structure","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Hatch (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"MIMD; Computer science; Field-programmable gate array; SIMD; Synchronization (alternating current); Parallel computing; Computer hardware; Data stream; Memory architecture; Memory bandwidth; Computer architecture; Channel (broadcasting)","score_opus":0.006003288736611081,"score_gpt":0.20727940318519028,"score_spread":0.2012761144485792,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2176551645","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.15828565,0.0005764912,0.8153308,0.00052104075,0.0002635282,0.0005406396,0.000016970847,0.00093860016,0.023526266],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.48658547,0.0000012051896,0.5088779,0.00027602652,0.00041570925,0.0000057766492,0.00003002516,0.00010720807,0.0037007446],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990652,0.0000027281797,0.00016487179,0.00021567818,0.00015140972,0.00040011998],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995849,0.000046480578,0.000025710871,0.00016304011,0.00005178571,0.00012807977],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007631253,0.00021078068,0.0001740585,0.00007224178,0.00008734852,0.000059113136,0.000105855586,0.00007260957,0.00026113552],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000008501232,0.00015588134,0.000045868663,0.00013014067,0.0000301394,0.00012193783,0.00000612097,0.0002080194,0.00000722697],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00037017124,0.000024892326,0.00023527983,0.00048803812,0.00014648306,0.000052335447,0.0006206482,0.23442043,0.12683174,0.0003343189,0.046869446,0.5896062],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.012345337,0.00070028263,0.008813066,0.00092098553,0.0003395305,0.0015292132,0.0010683284,0.23461905,0.6041253,0.025479628,0.10516927,0.0048899683],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004062648,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007277418,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.58471626,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000029892026,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000048251277,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.63566566},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2184875069","doi":"10.1109/sips.2015.7344982","title":"Stochastic implementation of the disparity energy model for depth perception","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology","keywords":"Computer science; Adder; Receptive field; Visual cortex; Orientation (vector space); Artificial intelligence; Computer vision; Energy (signal processing); Very-large-scale integration; Pixel; Layer (electronics); CMOS; Electronic engineering; Embedded system; Mathematics; Engineering; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.029680907759958408,"score_gpt":0.2742235382836567,"score_spread":0.2445426305236983,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2184875069","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.2668048,0.0000065031086,0.73247784,0.000047866277,0.000083145846,0.000054820077,0.000006187208,0.000043651617,0.00047519064],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983435,8.2583176e-7,0.0014085385,0.000028872792,0.000022387501,0.000010372119,0.0000056436415,0.000007965418,0.00017187471],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997486,0.000003600835,0.000074331925,0.000042009713,0.0000618133,0.000069639435],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998584,0.0000073329975,0.000010072983,0.00007648706,0.000027463786,0.000020238022],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000037467707,0.00004002671,0.000042636268,0.000012056332,0.000014377108,0.000005389139,0.000042359177,0.000012611579,0.000007802114],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000050077088,0.00002888833,0.000026877316,0.000031565312,0.000008729868,0.000043239936,0.000008053078,0.000016013928,7.489362e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000037066802,0.0000074914296,0.00061797746,0.000014539426,0.00000945797,1.0055231e-8,0.0008923549,0.974586,0.004117813,0.0030456623,0.004097009,0.012607974],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00019726371,0.0000055270425,0.0021861538,0.000002205374,0.000009610087,3.9550656e-7,0.0005063114,0.9945168,0.00140592,0.0010765323,0.000053446944,0.000039818722],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00013302038,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005143608,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7315387,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000030220648,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010468885,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.117803186},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2211438871","doi":"10.1557/proc-715-a4.2","title":"Amorphous Silicon Active Pixel Sensor Readout Circuit Architectures for Medical Imaging","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"MRS Proceedings","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Sunnybrook Health Science Centre; University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Materials science; Pixel; Thin-film transistor; Transistor; Optoelectronics; Image sensor; Amorphous silicon; Noise (video); Metastability; Silicon; Electrical engineering; Layer (electronics); Computer science; Nanotechnology; Artificial intelligence; Voltage; Crystalline silicon; Image (mathematics); Physics; Engineering","score_opus":0.010439326116039867,"score_gpt":0.21117596460814406,"score_spread":0.20073663849210419,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2211438871","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97137725,0.00036913902,0.00072631193,0.0010901603,0.00038862092,0.00039859227,0.000022143688,0.0012705815,0.02435718],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978795,0.000025410362,0.00036604446,0.00042956526,0.0005176499,0.000058143876,0.0000034876136,0.00010489,0.000615314],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984516,0.0000035758073,0.00026142912,0.00035058163,0.00036154583,0.00057130476],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99945605,0.00008472824,0.000043998945,0.00011423398,0.000088549226,0.0002124347],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012552747,0.00028025752,0.00027193036,0.00015544455,0.00011949007,0.00009322526,0.00024210158,0.00010311313,0.00021154518],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00024949125,0.00027603938,0.0001222676,0.00018965111,0.0001049398,0.00008309714,0.000031625717,0.00036125176,0.000069212496],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000110949186,0.0002485616,0.00714368,0.00128803,0.0003699478,0.00009538246,0.024006667,0.0008176961,0.23364067,0.0015237676,0.102050565,0.6287041],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0042515644,0.00015622807,0.0054115793,0.000627728,0.00022959648,0.0012520099,0.003315808,0.694428,0.12602809,0.0038136188,0.15782638,0.002659383],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000011582441,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000023615755,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6936103,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000090629335,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008560584,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999692},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2212854264","doi":"10.1109/led.2015.2410304","title":"Direct-Conversion CMOS X-Ray Imager With &lt;inline-formula&gt; &lt;tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\"&gt;$5.6 ~\\mu \\text{m} \\times 6.25~\\mu \\text{m}$ &lt;/tex-math&gt;&lt;/inline-formula&gt; Pixels","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Electron Device Letters","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Foundation for Innovation; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; CMC Microsystems","keywords":"Pixel; CMOS; Dot pitch; Physics; Noise (video); Image sensor; Optoelectronics; Materials science; Electrical engineering; Optics; Computer science; Engineering; Image (mathematics); Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.007546501820405006,"score_gpt":0.21232029887844464,"score_spread":0.20477379705803964,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2212854264","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9764935,0.002173836,0.005380025,0.005362662,0.0020088807,0.001600885,0.0001102272,0.0025937974,0.004276205],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98143685,0.00032885262,0.0056470307,0.0058951927,0.001622952,0.00018706317,0.0004058128,0.0007379425,0.00373831],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9906144,0.00028154496,0.00177379,0.0019408559,0.0021462725,0.003243109],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9952778,0.0004922063,0.00063361163,0.001919113,0.00067537575,0.00100189],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011268259,0.0021381443,0.0018135924,0.00096880464,0.0005841791,0.0006639539,0.0014370584,0.0006362374,0.00014247751],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018513507,0.001995664,0.00063961657,0.0019219373,0.000375595,0.0022291108,0.00016946039,0.001583745,0.002264308],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00051672256,0.00043826006,0.0007648827,0.00069509144,0.0011670656,0.0005212485,0.003235012,0.07205122,0.82272303,0.0011557329,0.09056882,0.0061629014],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00972636,0.0010754352,0.0027728972,0.0010248099,0.0012903444,0.00058422465,0.0002283784,0.23629908,0.24546707,0.00014825366,0.4948852,0.0064979526],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010275279,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002002377,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.57725596,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0013458239,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00038791553,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999136},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2220231800","doi":"10.1117/12.2199232","title":"CMOS buried multi-junction (BMJ) detector for bio-chemical analysis","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut interdisciplinaire d'innovation technologique; Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"","keywords":"Detector; Amplifier; Noise (video); CMOS; Chip; Passivation; Dark current; Optoelectronics; SIGNAL (programming language); Physics; Charge amplifier; Photodetector; Electronic engineering; Electrical engineering; Materials science; Optics; Computer science; Engineering; Layer (electronics); Nanotechnology; Operational amplifier","score_opus":0.0170953961059813,"score_gpt":0.24045145849883445,"score_spread":0.22335606239285316,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2220231800","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99551827,0.000103076694,0.0013522655,0.0009520721,0.00054334366,0.00068648526,0.00007006167,0.00030507127,0.00046937246],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.80764234,0.000032042888,0.19053748,0.0000850367,0.0009504186,0.00036854905,0.000034715722,0.00013416588,0.00021525624],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9977385,1.3480516e-8,0.00074720295,0.00040959255,0.00062153995,0.00048318825],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99766487,0.00013340608,0.0002197368,0.00008298337,0.0016783123,0.0002206961],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006005495,0.00039024762,0.000565329,0.00020767312,0.000058989623,0.00012298039,0.0006917237,0.00024128845,0.0000075002445],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007793667,0.00034768018,0.0010278897,0.0006981605,0.00016593092,0.00042695092,0.00009140767,0.00029005905,0.0000024885655],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00020707905,0.00016809917,0.0005093247,0.00070741057,0.0031079035,1.4422221e-7,0.00060483813,0.0064594387,0.9412797,0.032071915,0.014253554,0.0006306015],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0021903766,0.00018282904,0.0003195666,0.00012935845,0.0010351873,0.000012413263,0.0014984034,0.66941667,0.31833315,0.00052644435,0.005748767,0.0006068426],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000012528021,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.7534148e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.66295725,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00027921502,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000028078874,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99989754},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2266313296","doi":"10.71781/10611","title":"FPGA-based object detection using classification circuits","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"Open MIND","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Field-programmable gate array; Computer science; Object detection; Electronic circuit; Artificial intelligence; Object (grammar); Computer vision; Pattern recognition (psychology); Computer hardware; Computer architecture; Engineering; Electrical engineering","score_opus":0.06993505408199797,"score_gpt":0.32258672364456825,"score_spread":0.2526516695625703,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2266313296","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9387883,0.00015946348,0.00043858893,0.00000443623,0.0014555107,0.00041663268,0.000022828943,0.000027242966,0.05868703],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9962392,0.0000043851333,0.00066817587,0.0000045837273,0.00015182256,0.000017086457,0.00068451103,0.000081191145,0.0021490292],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990373,0.000028083821,0.00024832838,0.00028434425,0.00020866406,0.00019328382],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99941427,0.000017998856,0.00009548287,0.00028263085,0.000117521304,0.00007209291],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017547146,0.00023004928,0.0002301891,0.00015934833,0.00007560547,0.00024871842,0.00025050403,0.00022861552,0.00025130526],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000035788198,0.00026599944,0.00005681221,0.00022323545,0.00001014358,0.00018323668,0.0000081268745,0.00025351084,0.00030075587],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000022447344,0.000025890648,0.0000205729,0.00009236547,0.000049434162,0.000007248913,0.0008938843,0.011612589,0.15257807,6.5815414e-7,0.00027112523,0.8344257],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011502621,0.0000574959,0.0026165675,0.0006282891,0.00034930775,0.00001758104,0.0026976678,0.4569159,0.48458064,0.00008693393,0.04948199,0.0014173941],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006860993,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004728983,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.83300835,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002647211,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015873459,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999792},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2278433511","doi":"10.48550/arxiv.1602.04283","title":"Deep Learning on FPGAs: Past, Present, and Future","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"arXiv (Cornell University)","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":154,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Deep learning; Field-programmable gate array; Computer science; Artificial intelligence; Computer architecture; Data science; Embedded system","score_opus":0.021603408899973316,"score_gpt":0.15419285763400944,"score_spread":0.13258944873403614,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2278433511","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.92673194,0.00073154963,0.018325772,0.00054576097,0.0016337285,0.00033627186,0.00002087429,0.001379254,0.05029486],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9947822,0.0009920138,0.000035940964,0.000021969905,0.001488474,4.895329e-7,0.000009720588,0.00005275013,0.0026164409],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99898887,0.000048428243,0.00010217562,0.0005044094,0.00005577672,0.00030035008],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99932945,0.00006001207,0.000050963634,0.00039327343,0.000034591307,0.00013171816],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00005728774,0.00030109362,0.00023962757,0.00016185708,0.00009054396,0.00004849868,0.00024659003,0.0002322983,0.000061139835],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000042141464,0.00030206723,0.00010209592,0.000118143515,0.00006553654,0.00009071486,0.00024094159,0.00068197044,0.00008865925],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000053485095,0.00003450184,0.0054409453,0.00028810743,0.0002635964,0.00038304762,0.00047568872,0.9655988,0.00014231812,0.007021747,0.003664161,0.01663355],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0016957736,0.000104716295,0.007949386,0.00056586124,0.00027030002,0.000022257578,0.0008705002,0.6875141,0.00044040574,0.0130766,0.2855737,0.0019164142],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009171891,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000031935078,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.28190953,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000099670455,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009963935,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99994314},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2291446711","doi":"10.1117/12.2213549","title":"Toward designing back-illuminated CMOS image sensor based on 3D modeling","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Crosslight Software (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Image sensor; Pixel; CMOS; Finite-difference time-domain method; Sensitivity (control systems); CMOS sensor; Wavelength; Electronic engineering; Computer science; Optics; Optoelectronics; Materials science; Artificial intelligence; Engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.014374335471949176,"score_gpt":0.21606761810047642,"score_spread":0.20169328262852726,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2291446711","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9894339,0.00004283748,0.003108703,0.0018454343,0.00031417224,0.00046485875,0.000060352766,0.00035450552,0.004375258],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.76921093,0.00006364001,0.22981238,0.00013291062,0.00032978557,0.00008772919,0.000005966262,0.00016369106,0.00019293795],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9974513,2.4371502e-8,0.0007377624,0.00046059827,0.00073237135,0.00061791705],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99815446,0.00022327313,0.00018179466,0.0000933389,0.0011756398,0.00017151065],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005096025,0.0004832183,0.00049060915,0.00017395966,0.00007928039,0.00012389489,0.0007920082,0.00021741536,0.0000388274],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005081191,0.00036279685,0.000614407,0.000339888,0.00019815152,0.0005568356,0.00008376231,0.0003400139,0.000014238435],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000097292876,0.00007994235,0.00010365931,0.000600184,0.00029615717,4.4482704e-7,0.00017337079,0.013119184,0.95986545,0.022515003,0.0024147697,0.0007345284],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012240553,0.00015049586,0.000053272644,0.0007309291,0.0000933977,0.000010059267,0.0004902868,0.74939746,0.24627237,0.0002534971,0.0008585618,0.00046558576],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000056274716,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.876685e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7362783,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00027572244,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002670169,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998824},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2298365430","doi":"10.1149/ma2014-01/40/1486","title":"Low Light CMOS Contact Imager with Integrated Dual Band Emission Filters for Fluorescence Detection","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ECS Meeting Abstracts","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Image sensor; CMOS; Materials science; Computer science; Filter (signal processing); CMOS sensor; Computer hardware; Optoelectronics; Artificial intelligence; Computer vision","score_opus":0.004782613876972799,"score_gpt":0.1917037277871769,"score_spread":0.1869211139102041,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2298365430","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9878651,0.000024776285,0.0010119617,0.000094891235,0.00056776457,0.00019919455,0.000005893772,0.00048054394,0.009749902],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973687,0.0000033752233,0.0020923186,0.000026721964,0.00020326063,0.000014270018,0.000013465988,0.000056217075,0.00022169347],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990271,0.000020585812,0.00023537745,0.00023375337,0.00015170689,0.0003315228],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99940133,0.00015799099,0.000069526555,0.00017651757,0.00007904403,0.00011558472],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025972468,0.00021127911,0.00017790738,0.00006747918,0.000119959484,0.00009818088,0.00008087188,0.00008107801,0.000008525987],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00025695222,0.0001748487,0.00004806947,0.00011161072,0.000020343925,0.00014449535,0.000006782757,0.00022542129,0.000020358399],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000053308,0.00001856206,0.00014920873,0.00009721187,0.000018658455,0.000007552436,0.00021776669,0.024520876,0.96894675,4.1776485e-7,0.0012201617,0.004749497],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005312439,0.000087178494,0.001850101,0.00041880825,0.000020911566,0.00002152161,0.000085708954,0.03860712,0.95281565,0.0000088651095,0.005300591,0.00025226892],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004133372,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000014830704,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.016131097,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005783648,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015620693,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.71301234},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2313738111","doi":"10.1115/ipack2007-33221","title":"Compact Thermal and System Modeling of Chip-Scale Pyroelectric Infrared Imager","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Detector; Pyroelectricity; Infrared; Thermal; Transient (computer programming); Computer science; Infrared detector; Thermal mass; Cardinal point; Electronic engineering; Chip; Materials science; Optoelectronics; Optics; Physics; Engineering; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.00577440746903471,"score_gpt":0.19196578625129462,"score_spread":0.18619137878225991,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2313738111","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8983921,0.00028271807,0.018174045,0.000005703879,0.000056503202,0.00005296044,0.0000012660824,0.00025851416,0.08277621],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99897027,0.000008131778,0.0008189908,0.000009852142,0.00003855052,2.8873387e-7,0.0000010301726,0.000019424207,0.0001334869],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99947035,0.0000051865413,0.00017301714,0.00007746401,0.00008363052,0.00019035598],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997852,0.0000234475,0.000012825243,0.00010712935,0.00002081381,0.000050583287],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011812207,0.00008971311,0.00013864887,0.00008579454,0.000021678943,0.000014130359,0.000048407885,0.000030825206,0.00001321774],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000029584216,0.00007849415,0.000029448871,0.00013045075,0.000014486496,0.000067752175,0.000007125185,0.00007951088,0.000005348347],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000047120957,0.00004529175,0.009711955,0.00065242837,0.00012274961,0.000022295475,0.001816769,0.42030832,0.5528269,0.0010523,0.000640716,0.012753184],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00020605541,0.000009017383,0.0034400257,0.000028393242,0.000010156577,0.000014453154,0.0002739817,0.95651484,0.03935788,0.000015845859,0.000021033262,0.000108302775],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000036485642,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000028322356,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.53620654,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000023409088,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003680995,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.32008988},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2316114656","doi":"10.5594/m001389","title":"New Compute Components for Video Equipment","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Advanced Micro Devices (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Software; Multi-core processor; Workstation; Graphics; Rendering (computer graphics); Embedded system; Computer hardware; Video processing; Computer graphics (images); Operating system","score_opus":0.011576063806237328,"score_gpt":0.22006378034199472,"score_spread":0.2084877165357574,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2316114656","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.64443123,0.000045455123,0.31830892,0.00064135756,0.004058413,0.0003565094,0.0000074111235,0.0013126195,0.030838052],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.92674166,0.0000012410387,0.07086757,0.00022194805,0.00026685992,0.000004374261,0.000007469678,0.000024582552,0.0018642879],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99962986,0.0000011367969,0.00008385336,0.00007660034,0.000056927853,0.00015164516],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997657,0.000024335175,0.0000057906477,0.00011847445,0.000010180387,0.000075536314],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000306655,0.00007229314,0.000073697236,0.00002328072,0.000023437426,0.000026845655,0.00008193853,0.000019761692,0.00015309059],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000033018096,0.000067327564,0.00003574544,0.000029310664,0.000006240917,0.000038262067,0.000014074347,0.000073662,0.00009268643],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001246675,0.000040954834,0.0011365139,0.00008409163,0.00009487779,0.0000048681527,0.00027841004,0.006721221,0.4115025,0.0132334065,0.4611257,0.10576498],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00081635546,0.000016435442,0.0020324462,0.000010766709,0.000010845307,0.000009840862,0.000010974105,0.2887396,0.035901047,0.0011013242,0.67109776,0.00025261613],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000023138091,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000020793856,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.37560144,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000008483579,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000047800454,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.27455384},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2325520173","doi":"10.1002/j.1538-9235.2002.tb04177.x","title":"DRUG INDUCED CHANGES IN VISUAL ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES IN CHILDREN WITH SEIZURES.","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optometry and Vision Science","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Electrophysiology; Drug; Medicine; Neuroscience; Psychology; Pharmacology","score_opus":0.011200404388885069,"score_gpt":0.3345866967513733,"score_spread":0.3233862923624882,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2325520173","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9993665,0.00017402998,0.000009068204,0.0000934414,0.00002692701,0.00007136553,7.654925e-7,0.00005265895,0.00020521178],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996115,0.00011935961,0.00014195971,0.000060296592,0.000017941082,0.000003291609,3.3344327e-7,0.00000590904,0.000039424656],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99914753,0.000025188276,0.000088212146,0.00025105462,0.00020583523,0.00028218422],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99976265,0.000049943304,0.000012143265,0.00009985321,0.000012852008,0.000062570216],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002645576,0.00009936182,0.00012030514,0.0005112034,0.00006444893,0.00006386905,0.00013848965,0.000030905398,0.000024228031],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005415648,0.00007328329,0.000007545613,0.0019412914,0.0001531019,0.00019759759,0.00003929784,0.00018215059,0.0000074789646],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011435669,0.00017949566,0.3208702,0.000020567975,0.0000060971306,0.00003838639,0.00095826556,0.00094821677,0.6132609,0.00004112489,0.000101555524,0.06346079],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00035772298,0.00017706722,0.95954204,0.000042160387,0.0000010477868,0.00003136685,0.000067099536,0.018920638,0.020656457,0.000008267394,0.000035523146,0.00016060287],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009493355,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000060840666,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6386719,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000029496163,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000055384794,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.29884058},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2329987140","doi":"10.3169/itej.58.1680","title":"A High S/N Ratio CMOS Image Sensor with Real Time Object Categorizing Function","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of The Institute of Image Information and Television Engineers","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Hatch (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Function (biology); Object (grammar); Computer vision; Image sensor; CMOS; Artificial intelligence; Image (mathematics); Computer science; Engineering; Electronic engineering; Cell biology","score_opus":0.0028032667582737376,"score_gpt":0.17270442731613336,"score_spread":0.16990116055785962,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2329987140","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9049651,0.00007126725,0.0922841,0.00060511695,0.0006271801,0.00019618757,0.000006346963,0.00008059978,0.0011640977],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99366575,0.00021570976,0.005935295,0.00005997903,0.00008049818,7.133832e-7,0.0000036810036,0.000013367222,0.000025011037],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99905413,0.000017851551,0.00046320524,0.000035161007,0.0003009283,0.00012873417],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99931526,0.00003444071,0.00023692817,0.00017378878,0.00018703777,0.000052561645],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00035579185,0.00014977122,0.00019137494,0.00014467303,0.00011195583,0.000070729046,0.00016895535,0.000038341797,0.000009312597],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000060500894,0.000080931175,0.000067089786,0.00024942693,0.00011736006,0.0017854815,0.00002127529,0.00025573705,0.000012552565],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00018523922,0.000018076393,0.000009910774,0.00014818154,0.00015149644,0.0000057291722,0.002813083,0.90083444,0.08523479,0.0006720601,0.00089420564,0.009032754],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.024928123,0.0022069747,0.018602848,0.0038220221,0.0021017154,0.006999948,0.010947031,0.31316447,0.574757,0.0021294754,0.037503872,0.0028365399],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000043472937,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000019577026,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.58767,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007540772,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006290891,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.33002776},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2331699337","doi":"10.2514/6.2012-5001","title":"Color Star Tracking Using 3CCD Prism Hardware","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AIAA Guidance, Navigation, and Control Conference","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Tracking (education); Prism; Star (game theory); Computer graphics (images); Computer vision; Artificial intelligence; Computer hardware; Physics; Optics; Astrophysics","score_opus":0.01796839848868129,"score_gpt":0.23586982986423027,"score_spread":0.217901431375549,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2331699337","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9543573,0.0032929974,0.039616976,0.00010723461,0.0005400824,0.00023979825,0.000016632428,0.0002755921,0.0015533331],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99831283,0.00007410999,0.0010389312,0.00017611819,0.00021093541,0.000019785039,0.000011794562,0.000032299577,0.0001232139],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99885154,0.000039947066,0.00032392767,0.00019333401,0.00016137963,0.00042989315],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994002,0.00006517231,0.000066445704,0.00020182363,0.0001374696,0.00012887771],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022722683,0.00021846303,0.00026687523,0.000059812806,0.00018277831,0.000131515,0.00012283205,0.00009281276,0.000026611484],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000034831395,0.00022363925,0.000046266687,0.00015608742,0.00009602946,0.00050121755,0.000014171913,0.00018159543,0.00001772436],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014533097,0.00021005096,0.3130371,0.00088813127,0.0006945144,0.000030367299,0.010501674,0.0050644344,0.51418227,0.037664626,0.0033666433,0.11421485],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005326206,0.00007801481,0.27212262,0.0011326883,0.00038172677,0.00009275837,0.0013057064,0.60179615,0.01916607,0.0028403443,0.094016425,0.0017412822],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003740314,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000045263687,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5967317,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005747075,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000040588726,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9119744},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2334869522","doi":"10.2524/jtappij.62.1251","title":"Introduction of Paprican’s Optical Calibration Program","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ontario Brain Institute","funders":"","keywords":"Calibration; Computer science; Physics","score_opus":0.008040889166308386,"score_gpt":0.20413425552304598,"score_spread":0.1960933663567376,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2334869522","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9936569,0.000094433104,0.003264715,0.0005715272,0.0004622818,0.00006783196,8.470763e-7,0.00016703688,0.0017144412],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99290836,0.00008298817,0.005387692,0.000013068628,0.0014081177,0.0000026290998,0.0000030647648,0.000016520626,0.00017754795],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993722,0.000014296729,0.00022585459,0.00006867398,0.00016698589,0.00015201491],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997316,0.000009490782,0.000042222135,0.00009260813,0.000047045556,0.00007705888],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008425913,0.00007623684,0.000116923446,0.00007283301,0.00006423975,0.000021846701,0.0000630983,0.000037833146,0.00010609934],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000031913074,0.00006896891,0.0000566564,0.00013797161,0.00005766701,0.00015537822,0.000006364257,0.0002343782,0.0000109756365],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008677113,0.00063349,0.017015198,0.00017201313,0.00032956203,0.00010569434,0.0055824434,0.07815454,0.20621146,0.0017059777,0.28746706,0.4025358],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0031608688,0.0010466225,0.14129534,0.00012066993,0.00018639537,0.015868867,0.002015196,0.32006666,0.1962539,0.0009844276,0.31753552,0.0014655137],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000017051866,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.537972e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.40107027,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000039477778,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000018422901,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.28124705},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2338832466","doi":"10.14288/1.0096905","title":"Cascode voltage switch logic circuits","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"cIRcle (University of British Columbia)","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Cascode; Electronic circuit; Pass transistor logic; Computer science; Electrical engineering; Voltage; Electronic engineering; Digital electronics; Engineering; Transistor","score_opus":0.005947168670661582,"score_gpt":0.15799063717989228,"score_spread":0.1520434685092307,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2338832466","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98760235,0.000074633426,0.0009961518,0.000023084209,0.00045452476,0.00011847619,0.00007136281,0.00033506055,0.010324379],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99857026,0.000045129436,0.00026191436,0.000026834285,0.000051968676,2.9311468e-7,0.000009001912,0.000022605618,0.0010119948],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992733,0.000007973208,0.000085442065,0.00021988829,0.0001545697,0.00025881015],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994746,0.00002289239,0.00004100251,0.0002761886,0.00007176483,0.00011354567],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008134007,0.000046615594,0.00018958026,0.00003707513,0.0001182559,0.00007129232,0.00027572576,0.00011002661,0.00029234664],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000021640946,0.00018738848,0.000092094546,0.00019857938,0.00014060257,0.00020072072,0.00004731599,0.00028368714,0.000086885135],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000012755677,0.000066594104,0.013175636,0.00013222515,0.000055931174,0.00047214533,0.00028522257,0.00017921024,0.051192794,0.00001080333,0.01092764,0.92350054],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005127673,0.000016412758,0.9925902,0.000044871926,0.000027120925,0.00016537943,0.00042785713,0.0020919482,0.000025204932,0.00038655614,0.003441685,0.0002700152],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.022576032,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.21739314,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9794145,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002840555,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000020940246,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.98393273},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2341947962","doi":"10.1109/newcas.2016.7604824","title":"Differential integrator pixel architecture for dark current compensation in CMOS image sensors","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"CMOS; Integrator; Dark current; Photodiode; Image sensor; Pixel; Differential amplifier; CMOS sensor; Dynamic range; Electronic engineering; Amplifier; Compensation (psychology); Current mirror; Computer science; Electrical engineering; Physics; Engineering; Optoelectronics; Transistor; Detector; Voltage; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.008058877316508504,"score_gpt":0.2287591861972466,"score_spread":0.2207003088807381,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2341947962","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.81598395,0.000029998168,0.18164131,0.0002849326,0.00056293723,0.00025911312,0.000028276225,0.00031613657,0.0008933605],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980489,0.00001943557,0.0014984056,0.000012813959,0.00013867555,0.000025329487,0.000013278889,0.00003314134,0.00021002108],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99927884,0.000019393532,0.00019025331,0.00016836163,0.000094004085,0.00024911642],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996662,0.00009860633,0.000016845586,0.0001344364,0.00002944667,0.000054478358],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000040711442,0.00016191068,0.00015813755,0.00010675945,0.00002584844,0.000029096429,0.00008497384,0.000040058832,0.000105037165],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000042919244,0.00010514477,0.00006934172,0.000078692974,0.000032352953,0.000069636524,0.0000142585695,0.00013048253,0.000034756475],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000066725435,0.000087342196,0.001860388,0.0001758705,0.000035991947,0.000002723562,0.0007520538,0.0009168697,0.7315154,0.0013888985,0.006907351,0.2562904],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.013589716,0.00028924795,0.029008387,0.0012396533,0.00012709346,0.0000435763,0.00084678654,0.18826719,0.5754792,0.011229022,0.17654479,0.0033353334],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000006611355,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000053737545,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.25295505,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000065462504,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000075073026,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.42876792},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2360778649","doi":"","title":"Image Sensing Technology Based on CMOS and Its Application of Image Product","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Microcomputer applications","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"CMOS; Image sensor; Computer science; Very-large-scale integration; CMOS sensor; Electronics; Computer hardware; Electronic engineering; Artificial intelligence; Electrical engineering; Embedded system; Engineering","score_opus":0.0023211401857712154,"score_gpt":0.1900495595328965,"score_spread":0.1877284193471253,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2360778649","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.09135552,0.00021082803,0.904922,0.000651199,0.000011237116,0.0008029895,0.000023544184,0.0005922842,0.0014304138],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.76312006,0.000004276716,0.23657434,0.000040679577,0.000102066835,0.00007572277,0.00003225398,0.000031655483,0.000018950263],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99931574,0.000006187235,0.00020186204,0.00025520136,0.00006309415,0.0001579415],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995533,0.000022136095,0.00004192344,0.00028205264,0.00007723094,0.000023347042],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00004418434,0.0001342053,0.00013568655,0.0001903348,0.00006159067,0.000021896649,0.00010710609,0.00004612144,0.0000019629738],"category_scores_gemma":[5.471734e-7,0.00014806144,0.000028993652,0.0003605046,0.00006063958,0.000049077957,0.000024005702,0.00010733251,0.000037878184],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000013729442,0.000045465957,0.00006695241,0.00008534224,0.0000058058777,5.363852e-7,0.000016058739,0.0019033495,0.9072398,0.0008018213,0.0006483607,0.08918515],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00028317724,0.0000104318615,0.0010811242,0.000023030576,0.000018163653,0.000018679104,0.000007669888,0.40481764,0.533157,0.00076744036,0.059589073,0.00022656286],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008994788,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000021113096,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.67176455,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000026681304,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000073064884,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.60377705},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2389311654","doi":"","title":"a- Si TFT/ PIN Coupled- Pair Sensors","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"CAE (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Thin-film transistor; Diode; Optoelectronics; PIN diode; Photosensitivity; Materials science; Optics; Physics; Nanotechnology","score_opus":0.007520866271042199,"score_gpt":0.19385101236649965,"score_spread":0.18633014609545745,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2389311654","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9140053,0.00010891693,0.001255386,0.00040037112,0.00027970984,0.00005778124,0.000001212009,0.0012514497,0.08263987],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98901415,0.00006208294,0.00059499836,0.00021845616,0.00010074797,0.0000026347661,0.0000032114062,0.000034077624,0.009969656],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.999395,0.000006466751,0.0001222567,0.00011535409,0.000106285384,0.0002546348],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99968433,0.000028644024,0.0000070109,0.00019024,0.000016856451,0.00007292124],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00005088032,0.00012038431,0.0001095246,0.00004730921,0.000032285185,0.0000291573,0.000077691504,0.000040798797,0.00080309773],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000011604977,0.000112165544,0.000047268863,0.00014918245,0.000020299658,0.00007006466,0.00001155987,0.000100903635,0.00071781455],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000052135598,0.0002578618,0.05729229,0.00025135136,0.00038279503,0.00085198006,0.002708163,0.33170015,0.100218564,0.007241162,0.42497402,0.07406953],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004801606,0.000020381012,0.0059916475,0.000021212833,0.000016090948,0.00010418523,0.00036492723,0.62873405,0.00612056,0.00023527243,0.3574175,0.0004939988],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000045196943,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000020922595,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2970339,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000027850492,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004080219,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9226293},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2393102678","doi":"","title":"High-Fidelity Image/Video Processing Technologies","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics & Optoelectronic Technology","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Fidelity; Computer science; Image processing; Field (mathematics); Imaging science; Emerging technologies; High fidelity; Data science; Digital image processing; Image sensor; Artificial intelligence; Multimedia; Computer vision; Image (mathematics); Telecommunications; Engineering; Electrical engineering","score_opus":0.004053169268101683,"score_gpt":0.21898693638618627,"score_spread":0.2149337671180846,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2393102678","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.93017185,0.019061062,0.0268903,0.002700115,0.0005993651,0.00035803247,0.000008318296,0.016021384,0.0041895667],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9636629,0.0005670205,0.035411794,0.0000264249,0.00009321826,0.000056567336,0.000007493159,0.000083760424,0.00009077257],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99778116,0.000011128017,0.00035051838,0.0002975442,0.00016584738,0.0013938136],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99912477,0.000029549827,0.000065750784,0.0006345445,0.00008437256,0.000061020346],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019811522,0.0003397351,0.00036215436,0.00042244396,0.00014107462,0.00005739814,0.0005171326,0.00044786235,0.000024701072],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012141461,0.00034925982,0.00006542661,0.0010305761,0.0003304834,0.0003486295,0.00014347088,0.0009348979,0.00014310112],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016926508,0.00023113118,0.0019024356,0.00026802724,0.00019717986,0.000021131224,0.00024153033,0.001329708,0.28938556,0.12254146,0.0030114928,0.5808534],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001110074,0.00024077728,0.00047953488,0.00012786714,0.00018019543,0.00048117476,0.0014806777,0.02211982,0.885769,0.03858752,0.047611695,0.0018116639],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000053565464,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000046743717,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.59638345,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002866464,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005245939,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99989593},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2402333565","doi":"","title":"An Anti-aliasing Multi-rate SigmaDelta Modulator.","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Symposium on Circuits and Systems","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Aliasing; Computer science; Electronic engineering; Engineering; Computer vision; Filter (signal processing)","score_opus":0.017445662470545763,"score_gpt":0.24995502035622774,"score_spread":0.23250935788568197,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2402333565","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98758614,0.0002176389,0.002725967,0.00027596977,0.0022478227,0.00014225427,0.000033204582,0.00033528064,0.006435716],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990855,0.00004924199,0.000014334053,0.0001516193,0.0004067977,0.0000038286544,0.00001936282,0.00002472583,0.00024459488],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99906814,0.00003200764,0.00025132197,0.0002420399,0.00021203257,0.00019443085],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995922,0.00002459944,0.000038865106,0.00017730024,0.00006190065,0.00010517483],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001561222,0.00017020928,0.00017291031,0.00008344987,0.00006830658,0.00026916637,0.00016734692,0.000066673565,0.000007676692],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000008090663,0.00016340539,0.000038485457,0.00006255492,0.000016913245,0.0002240613,0.000005607259,0.000115087816,0.000024309891],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000064615806,0.00017568316,0.0057050367,0.000054254062,0.000119526376,0.00006165949,0.0010507489,0.40484694,0.56865376,0.0070239077,0.0006542658,0.011647768],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006578869,0.00007850288,0.038709514,0.00018660104,0.0000127271705,0.00008395554,0.00013679301,0.94899017,0.003540906,0.000045862278,0.007143588,0.000413484],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000048678503,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000020712382,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5651128,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006503985,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000048794896,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6663478},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2418143549","doi":"10.1088/1742-6596/718/4/042057","title":"Measurement of radioactive contamination in the CCD’s of the DAMIC experiment","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Physics Conference Series","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Snolab","funders":"","keywords":"WIMP; Uranium; Contamination; Physics; Silicon; Semiconductor detector; Detector; Dark matter; Thorium; Nuclear physics; Radon; Radiochemistry; Chemistry; Optics; Optoelectronics; Particle physics","score_opus":0.02064347821165379,"score_gpt":0.22019378035851786,"score_spread":0.19955030214686406,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2418143549","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9912186,0.00017192477,0.007117545,0.0004707718,0.00023259703,0.00008467965,0.0000034232562,0.00000385152,0.00069659716],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99982923,0.000060678947,0.00004733976,0.000006105523,0.000040142717,0.0000015013218,5.293984e-8,0.0000048039487,0.000010114783],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992963,0.000050653238,0.00023851372,0.00003307166,0.00031279778,0.00006863886],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994438,0.00003212329,0.0001721242,0.00011318319,0.00022915128,0.000009561936],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022102383,0.00006658081,0.00014783702,0.000023581137,0.000013423703,0.000008204431,0.0001774937,0.000014113342,0.0000051604657],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000028708904,0.00003169217,0.00005991274,0.00007423827,0.00008667847,0.00019280605,0.000010000667,0.00007844185,2.853628e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003319625,0.00007031737,0.0011972606,0.000037949347,0.000068946465,0.0000010777593,0.008822276,0.00036613265,0.93519413,0.011922845,0.00007903755,0.0422068],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00033357774,0.0000641025,0.017048597,0.00028371395,0.00001563923,0.000005437041,0.0026511897,0.00006420625,0.9776024,0.0017726136,0.00011158382,0.000046888166],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000006038453,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009217048,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.04240829,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000063839805,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000051247745,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.12923692},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2503525907","doi":"10.1117/3.1000981.ch11","title":"Increasing the Signal-to-Noise Ratio of Satellite Sensors Using Digital Denoising","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers eBooks","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Canadian Space Agency","funders":"","keywords":"Satellite; Computer science; Noise (video); SIGNAL (programming language); Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging); Remote sensing; Real-time computing; Electronic engineering; Detector; Artificial intelligence; Telecommunications; Engineering; Geography; Aerospace engineering","score_opus":0.01427349952562943,"score_gpt":0.21223061578123792,"score_spread":0.1979571162556085,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2503525907","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7749441,0.00042882116,0.016699221,0.0000770468,0.00063481124,0.001903605,0.0002352668,0.0004929608,0.20458415],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9736541,0.00007344544,0.016486224,0.0001244184,0.00018970431,0.000012180658,0.000069225665,0.00023845537,0.009152256],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9979361,0.000015367512,0.0008253895,0.00030611551,0.00054761575,0.0003693544],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988791,0.00024826897,0.00019612095,0.00034348306,0.00016215479,0.00017092528],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019172428,0.0005084895,0.0005660523,0.00013019815,0.0000936107,0.00012052682,0.00022627553,0.0002920385,0.00013275092],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002037474,0.00047874515,0.00048761038,0.000065976245,0.0003334586,0.00017638641,0.00006173557,0.00047729202,0.000026874337],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000079330894,0.0000472448,0.00006353777,0.0017040229,0.0021826574,0.000008194773,0.013640662,0.1494417,0.75326335,0.015548683,0.0009639393,0.063056685],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0023772386,0.00028624022,0.00017612758,0.0030995354,0.0010655645,0.00015542048,0.0066807317,0.36933225,0.59586686,0.0036230807,0.0139252795,0.0034116826],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000033133092,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.457839e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.21989056,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022809414,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000058740206,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997664},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2505823270","doi":"10.1117/3.1002297.ch6","title":"Optimizing the Performance of Onboard Data Compression","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers eBooks","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Canadian Space Agency","funders":"","keywords":"Radiance; Computer science; Remote sensing; Data compression; Hyperspectral imaging; Lossless compression; Preprocessor; Artificial intelligence; Computer vision; Geography","score_opus":0.024346202674097026,"score_gpt":0.2264474972078611,"score_spread":0.20210129453376408,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2505823270","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.3297318,0.0011164596,0.006074388,0.00019989356,0.0021283943,0.0024955417,0.00067559327,0.00089998293,0.65667796],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.85451984,0.0011283449,0.08661894,0.00025748496,0.00036136643,0.000045572946,0.00076465064,0.0003726644,0.055931147],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984713,0.000006806379,0.0005743128,0.0002657635,0.00043914837,0.00024264211],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988574,0.00010853962,0.00015842344,0.0007168683,0.0000800495,0.000078759054],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014504872,0.00035086388,0.00042619606,0.000051321913,0.000066188106,0.000027851964,0.00054000865,0.000244919,0.0002341486],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000049930595,0.00029625016,0.00022730541,0.000024697623,0.0003389078,0.00013791404,0.0001479002,0.0005350104,0.000019581748],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000956254,0.00014383614,0.000057113913,0.0096957525,0.0051321243,0.0000050980425,0.018587528,0.30429822,0.38350627,0.035377268,0.078640856,0.1644603],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00086755556,0.00009685451,0.000028389575,0.0009356938,0.00027195844,0.000007828182,0.00092500536,0.8578881,0.121546,0.00018624942,0.016559973,0.0006863644],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000011208842,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.3354006e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6007468,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000072533,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000031989286,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999949},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2517558418","doi":"10.1109/iscas.2016.7539215","title":"A fault tolerant cache system of automotive vision processor complying with ISO26262","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Kootenay Association for Science & Technology","funders":"","keywords":"Cache; Computer science; Soft error; Transient (computer programming); Cache invalidation; Parallel computing; Fault tolerance; Error detection and correction; Cache algorithms; Cache pollution; Cache coloring; Smart Cache; CPU cache; Embedded system; Code (set theory); Word error rate; Real-time computing; Operating system; Algorithm; Electronic engineering; Engineering","score_opus":0.004877258523321328,"score_gpt":0.19306681292726155,"score_spread":0.18818955440394022,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2517558418","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94468135,0.00008528912,0.035917144,0.00016494635,0.00010402898,0.00021167651,0.000010812973,0.00081428274,0.018010484],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982285,0.0000022676804,0.001201756,0.000013441573,0.000023399469,0.0000075446064,6.651343e-7,0.000025965453,0.0004964485],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993399,0.000010643129,0.00016879628,0.00013168131,0.00017132836,0.0001777008],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996244,0.000041086514,0.000030448684,0.00015019596,0.00010843515,0.000045446068],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000066168126,0.00012262855,0.00018880989,0.00005325639,0.000027813905,0.000012921727,0.00008585071,0.0000346808,0.000026441685],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00000853406,0.0000658787,0.00002901615,0.00012014934,0.00003466791,0.000109407134,0.000013281229,0.000053245392,0.000031610067],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00046746372,0.00047097844,0.02041106,0.009240713,0.0010833425,0.00022451614,0.01637062,0.10051847,0.68817645,0.008147309,0.0109483255,0.14394072],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0054350025,0.00055078365,0.016422402,0.0076147513,0.00014736425,0.00028761252,0.0068986653,0.47288465,0.48334107,0.00005045302,0.0048978655,0.001469397],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003254643,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000013225751,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.37236616,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000056345558,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001198798,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.26864555},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2531354948","doi":"","title":"CCD Detection of 157 nm photons","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"UCL Discovery (University College London)","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Photon; Optoelectronics; Optics; Dark current; Fluence; Wavelength; Materials science; Sensitivity (control systems); Dielectric; Quantum efficiency; Physics; Photodetector; Laser; Electronic engineering","score_opus":0.003407439420816765,"score_gpt":0.15122494372945164,"score_spread":0.14781750430863488,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2531354948","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.025167616,0.00079472334,0.005471941,0.00002483348,0.0015244508,0.00046717987,0.00223949,0.00073742546,0.9635723],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.12391574,0.0003247872,0.00027158158,0.000020704183,0.000078576064,7.4933763e-7,0.000034579778,0.000308165,0.8750451],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990575,0.00003937988,0.00012592264,0.0002863652,0.00020669328,0.00028417163],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99937004,0.000026877804,0.00009340733,0.0004087327,0.000022563681,0.00007837785],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000039171435,0.0003111567,0.0004181894,0.0005314314,0.000070297356,0.000015782622,0.00024745442,0.00026942696,0.00083553564],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000007350632,0.00039742328,0.00021678439,0.00052979495,0.00010024871,0.00023052574,0.00004782237,0.00026111276,0.00013250134],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013093675,0.00023899268,0.00020685974,0.0011493509,0.0010612074,0.00040793506,0.0003850471,0.0014693607,0.019113231,0.0050866175,0.9685957,0.0021547843],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009424625,0.000034896897,0.0001339634,0.00017563465,0.00016787431,0.000020054871,0.0006635528,0.0012584399,0.0029582737,0.00002720072,0.9930353,0.0005823114],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00037219864,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009273597,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.098748125,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018200668,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000042134263,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99984777},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2532051619","doi":"10.1109/iedm.1994.383317","title":"Mega pixel CCD image sensor technology","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalsa Corporation","funders":"","keywords":"Mega-; Pixel; Computer vision; Artificial intelligence; Compensation (psychology); Computer science; Image sensor; Image (mathematics); Motion (physics); Physics","score_opus":0.005922322498099585,"score_gpt":0.17386499339130154,"score_spread":0.16794267089320195,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2532051619","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.45490757,0.00071026554,0.0066396524,0.0027523853,0.00047832768,0.00012985196,0.0000053805607,0.004958857,0.5294177],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.978811,0.00007272761,0.009404867,0.000118056094,0.00007115177,0.000004681316,7.82e-7,0.000036558966,0.0114801265],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994836,0.0000033729232,0.0001030997,0.00011366801,0.00006397159,0.00023233093],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999706,0.000012435894,0.0000063091206,0.00022027805,0.000016932037,0.000038099282],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.000019930476,0.00010502105,0.00010317122,0.00011469122,0.000029241248,0.000021404147,0.00009541146,0.00006297874,0.0016161283],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000150327605,0.000098521945,0.000032876855,0.00024080857,0.000044543107,0.00006588179,0.000016887487,0.00013060035,0.0010045057],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000025509598,0.00011135928,0.0011636433,0.000092857044,0.000115558345,0.0001477855,0.000506702,0.0011975757,0.66593397,0.0068144607,0.22263418,0.10127934],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008766867,0.00004028122,0.0003689476,0.00002616362,0.000031409672,0.00025678027,0.00059213303,0.23933437,0.15775286,0.001004359,0.5988616,0.0008544442],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002769931,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002268335,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5239035,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000019892013,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":8.392341e-7,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997733},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2536040025","doi":"10.1109/iedm.1997.650309","title":"Frame transfer area array sensor with vertical antiblooming and novel readout for enhanced performance","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalsa Corporation","funders":"","keywords":"Pixel; Computer science; Frame (networking); Image sensor; Transfer (computing); SIGNAL (programming language); Computer hardware; Electronic engineering; Engineering; Artificial intelligence; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.014077781699722484,"score_gpt":0.1817968005933964,"score_spread":0.1677190188936739,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2536040025","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.75115204,0.000038186663,0.24337691,0.00009455306,0.000048509602,0.00011768788,0.0000039186434,0.00019330012,0.0049749115],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99145734,0.00004674592,0.007810954,0.000103496655,0.000048247166,0.000008932894,0.0000015365821,0.000034597917,0.000488119],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99936134,0.0000019641789,0.00011735163,0.0001667998,0.00008533947,0.00026721114],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99973375,0.000049142607,0.0000026875875,0.00012161646,0.000023359915,0.000069472226],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000029997267,0.00014480615,0.00015509101,0.00004142691,0.000051870127,0.000035353223,0.000042783617,0.000049120637,0.000067719615],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000007678519,0.00011501229,0.000026119838,0.0000786286,0.00004387844,0.00016382261,0.000002493681,0.000104423794,0.000010874079],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000047661124,0.000051155734,0.00067520846,0.00019841561,0.000064034204,0.000001998239,0.0009822587,0.0023326024,0.9891331,0.00032356213,0.0001609866,0.006029011],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013473262,0.00010684495,0.0010781717,0.00009477858,0.000040206272,0.000037619546,0.00013371397,0.2714179,0.7230216,0.0000042504757,0.0023546473,0.00036291906],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000020017128,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000029906328,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2690853,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000011886407,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000020271377,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4690065},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2537919653","doi":"10.1109/icm.2007.4497688","title":"A 90nm CMOS multimode image sensor intended for a visual cortical stimulator","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs; CMC Microsystems","keywords":"Comparator; Pixel; CMOS; Computer science; Image sensor; Dynamic range; Logarithm; Computer vision; Computer hardware; Capacitor; Electronic engineering; Artificial intelligence; Voltage; Electrical engineering; Engineering; Mathematics","score_opus":0.009197655052169292,"score_gpt":0.28083534353292594,"score_spread":0.27163768848075664,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2537919653","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.59977937,0.00002070725,0.39506876,0.00006870994,0.00029330884,0.00030241362,0.0000113480655,0.00084726064,0.0036080836],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.956217,0.0000016448636,0.04271792,0.00016307681,0.0001688104,0.000010367086,0.000007912032,0.00005814205,0.000655111],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989193,0.000007190105,0.00026891127,0.00019800532,0.00012838315,0.00047821095],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99937594,0.0002172295,0.000013513796,0.00015880997,0.0000723966,0.00016210464],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017306356,0.00018113141,0.00019555194,0.00007873414,0.000052279644,0.00003991367,0.00008111534,0.00007472981,0.00012666154],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013644331,0.00016656953,0.00010746812,0.00010374328,0.000051448063,0.00008981434,0.000019109613,0.00016559365,0.000114280054],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005018156,0.00039506613,0.0014520363,0.00032271756,0.0002976748,0.00014733983,0.0014467224,0.007161468,0.93323815,0.0026483024,0.0159272,0.036461484],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013258929,0.00006158361,0.0019834468,0.000016063728,0.00003127831,0.000022711356,0.00043101519,0.9219996,0.06972579,0.00007542386,0.003983732,0.0003435155],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000022159296,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000022519534,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9148381,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005963137,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009766676,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.67925084},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2540497139","doi":"10.1109/nssmic.2011.6154367","title":"Embedded real time digital signal processing unit for a 64-channel PET detector module","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"","keywords":"Application-specific integrated circuit; Computer science; Computer hardware; CMOS; Detector; SIGNAL (programming language); Channel (broadcasting); Electronic engineering; Embedded system; Engineering; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.019035185640528345,"score_gpt":0.20784426745822002,"score_spread":0.18880908181769168,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2540497139","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8235062,0.000042891137,0.052280273,0.000015974472,0.00013150519,0.00037388367,0.00006425762,0.002038168,0.12154689],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9937476,0.0000013946823,0.00307253,0.000014327045,0.000101588834,0.000018816678,0.0000139362455,0.000058916557,0.0029708953],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99930143,0.0000033518647,0.00014915052,0.00015805685,0.00008927572,0.00029874974],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997091,0.000021929138,0.000017785253,0.00011662495,0.000049659066,0.00008484443],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00004053195,0.0001563903,0.00014104598,0.00006156445,0.000055039985,0.000077385484,0.00010938034,0.000034666566,0.0002149263],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000008662326,0.00014521791,0.00006243424,0.00009620687,0.000025775505,0.00027476804,0.00001761056,0.000069699105,0.00012472682],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008760733,0.0010225639,0.0015309097,0.0024730333,0.00090639014,0.0003416297,0.029149061,0.025395641,0.2892883,0.001275747,0.029170798,0.61856985],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005972369,0.00008370073,0.00030307847,0.00004271785,0.000025709622,0.00004119713,0.00031164408,0.9670747,0.029424831,0.00094448595,0.00070251146,0.00044818356],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000014046768,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000036657764,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.94167906,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000019688645,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015447178,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5921815},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2541138443","doi":"10.1109/iembs.1991.684519","title":"Electroretinographical (ERG) Based Classification Of Eye Diseases","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Erg; Computer science; Blindness; Backpropagation; Artificial intelligence; Retinitis pigmentosa; Electroretinography; Artificial neural network; Ophthalmology; Medicine; Optometry; Retinal","score_opus":0.005239413366044063,"score_gpt":0.2101283316090167,"score_spread":0.20488891824297265,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2541138443","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97807574,0.0002049376,0.007383851,0.0007407889,0.0000464043,0.00005903211,0.000005776934,0.00048059606,0.013002873],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99863094,0.000010979112,0.0011461,0.000053585863,0.000052612824,0.0000034583968,0.000009392916,0.000011283341,0.00008165644],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996207,0.000007052957,0.000109767876,0.00006810129,0.000084023755,0.00011036063],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99978846,0.000019921017,0.000009916768,0.00012279638,0.000018125425,0.000040776118],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000021845111,0.00005975159,0.000069186746,0.000061588464,0.000012020586,0.0000068633617,0.00005379511,0.000024131888,0.00015928622],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009218515,0.00005461799,0.000048791997,0.00014010405,0.00002997778,0.00003900293,0.0000024292208,0.00004892327,0.000017247225],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000066471366,0.00051013316,0.21522921,0.00026560653,0.00012780435,0.000003412106,0.00018273885,0.040185004,0.56890345,0.032508265,0.034318946,0.107698984],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00034249024,0.00002303057,0.28885254,0.000014732135,0.000029598776,5.844472e-7,0.000025147265,0.63463086,0.059123464,0.000121607045,0.016637506,0.00019845697],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000018499389,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000042156908,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5944458,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000012112527,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006102577,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2227257},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2541201121","doi":"10.1109/icm.2010.5696180","title":"Towards design of a bridge to enable high speed image sensors for random access","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Microcontroller; Computer science; Bridge (graph theory); Pixel; Image sensor; Random access; Computer hardware; Interface (matter); Image (mathematics); Image processing; Artificial intelligence; Computer vision; Embedded system; Parallel computing; Operating system","score_opus":0.02136978109394655,"score_gpt":0.2659657890770156,"score_spread":0.24459600798306907,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2541201121","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7177669,0.0000092576865,0.27145648,0.00029159238,0.0007024544,0.00075052254,0.00003469398,0.00039786487,0.0085902745],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.95736647,0.0000044916114,0.041191537,0.00008401596,0.00014938881,0.000016400589,0.00000431018,0.00004734078,0.0011360452],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99922234,0.000010440784,0.00020880702,0.00015916362,0.00011556925,0.0002836785],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99942017,0.000115358605,0.000019962983,0.00025529342,0.00008948871,0.00009971449],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020453637,0.00014734693,0.0002560784,0.000098168006,0.0000289404,0.000071290306,0.0002244783,0.00005344873,0.00025609968],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009750391,0.00013209655,0.00007521443,0.0001613692,0.000026504307,0.00016387229,0.000032358173,0.00010441782,0.000034934597],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00018984082,0.000036565558,0.000047265516,0.0001426119,0.00006444139,0.000006144328,0.000406317,0.05080485,0.9078368,0.00047509134,0.03643464,0.0035554138],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0019843173,0.000034498626,0.00078729383,0.000013728558,0.000028011347,0.00000754157,0.0000326876,0.0731748,0.9186877,0.0005467655,0.004438703,0.00026397684],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00029165877,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000019060883,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2395996,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000013691046,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000018757855,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5386741},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2541360805","doi":"10.1109/icm.2010.5696187","title":"A reconfigurable architecture for real-time vision systems on FPGA","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Field-programmable gate array; Architecture; Computer science; Computer architecture; Embedded system; Real-time computing","score_opus":0.00472305681638285,"score_gpt":0.2108753913502676,"score_spread":0.20615233453388473,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2541360805","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5273031,0.000027788647,0.002254088,0.00040722408,0.0018531531,0.0005533914,0.000026333004,0.0014733502,0.4661016],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98102254,0.000009174723,0.001807873,0.000053329917,0.00033105328,0.00003342299,0.000014619595,0.000060446106,0.016667569],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994768,0.000005511669,0.000113837596,0.00013338099,0.00007187309,0.00019858737],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995962,0.0000864702,0.000011469613,0.00022724697,0.000020132402,0.000058480735],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000895174,0.00011134839,0.00012462556,0.000057046003,0.000041590454,0.0000554087,0.00008184888,0.00006865016,0.0001647401],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000018992565,0.00008964168,0.000048692225,0.00005262135,0.000010922278,0.0000338587,0.0000029532978,0.00015811743,0.00022010626],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000024583136,0.000024016772,0.000008745555,0.00014096498,0.0000276758,0.0000028969664,0.00016002748,0.02970605,0.8528642,0.0019565201,0.08810487,0.026979469],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00094651076,0.00021247602,0.00026339648,0.00015352975,0.00002362784,0.000057329667,0.00007585762,0.30027372,0.14087322,0.0008082955,0.55565375,0.000658276],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000045520916,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000017487348,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.71199095,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000011984754,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000048835295,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.36554816},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2544399388","doi":"10.1109/icm.2008.5393796","title":"Current mode active pixel sensor architectures for large area digital imaging","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Amplifier; Noise (video); Electronic circuit; Image sensor; Pixel; Transistor; Computer science; Detector; Electronic engineering; Fixed-pattern noise; Electrical engineering; CMOS; Voltage; Engineering; Artificial intelligence; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.011593777857896528,"score_gpt":0.23656232536979063,"score_spread":0.2249685475118941,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2544399388","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8925287,0.00028671033,0.095802024,0.000106687825,0.00036133398,0.00024162671,0.00025334745,0.00082264346,0.00959694],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99852973,0.000014993599,0.0008672567,0.000048659185,0.00015063814,0.000018223665,0.000027413837,0.000045303143,0.0002977815],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991864,0.000003826158,0.00013256227,0.000183989,0.000112890135,0.00038031212],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996476,0.00006507891,0.0000142936215,0.00015943195,0.000033072625,0.00008051751],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000017850538,0.00018079429,0.00015050908,0.00008002083,0.00009762841,0.00003897631,0.000089280904,0.000019966372,0.00002517411],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000028540266,0.00016089166,0.00011017427,0.00007091942,0.000027626631,0.00007770403,0.000022324335,0.0001402393,0.000024489971],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00035592762,0.0009889209,0.034924157,0.0007581321,0.000669707,0.00014296614,0.019667659,0.23558687,0.04162878,0.0031386153,0.09247914,0.5696591],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0014869821,0.00002273543,0.0034659703,0.000057225734,0.000028223567,0.00018744206,0.00046159045,0.86044985,0.021792201,0.0011826743,0.10999829,0.0008668195],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003220875,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000042430283,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.62486297,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003975084,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011374511,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6560972},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2546125122","doi":"10.1109/sficon.2002.1159831","title":"Parallel correlator architecture for real-time sensing applications","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Modular design; Architecture; Representation (politics); Computer architecture; Parallel architecture; Computer hardware; Parallel computing; Embedded system; Real-time computing; Operating system","score_opus":0.005518947197165667,"score_gpt":0.2044911495745605,"score_spread":0.19897220237739482,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2546125122","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.013234841,0.00006757669,0.8793371,0.00010508231,0.00011350287,0.00043336742,0.000008328151,0.0008813917,0.10581884],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.4704362,0.00004459193,0.51513237,0.00024320294,0.00023912359,0.00008369005,0.000036648245,0.00014469058,0.013639477],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995739,0.000006321675,0.00009615536,0.000106619824,0.000044486747,0.00017254813],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999694,0.00006678021,0.000008735398,0.00016326123,0.000017287382,0.000049968745],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00004353873,0.00009060877,0.000088814675,0.00003074516,0.000059387563,0.000018643603,0.000037362224,0.000037905207,0.00005176192],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000012092286,0.0000857093,0.000046535795,0.0000791198,0.000015483665,0.000020030477,0.0000029350788,0.000063657004,0.000107521926],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000025529147,0.00008874478,0.00027215685,0.0003114074,0.00026232612,0.0000075314993,0.0013824943,0.4986327,0.17663832,0.0874919,0.12837273,0.10651416],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009482275,0.000022083213,0.00015243607,0.00002402524,0.00005679809,0.00008780831,0.00015070301,0.20872606,0.012062021,0.009926607,0.76716363,0.0006796167],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000039069805,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000030865356,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6387909,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000017395401,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000070544043,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.34951237},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2547662646","doi":"10.1109/leosst.1996.540750","title":"Current-mode smart pixel receivers","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Heriot-Watt University","keywords":"Capacitance; Electrical engineering; Bandwidth (computing); Electronic engineering; Current (fluid); Diffusion capacitance; Sensitivity (control systems); Parasitic capacitance; Voltage; Computer science; Power (physics); Engineering; Physics; Telecommunications; Electrode","score_opus":0.014013232846136628,"score_gpt":0.21274060079088722,"score_spread":0.1987273679447506,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2547662646","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.48853853,0.0017473728,0.0033067635,0.00037056764,0.0020586245,0.000105371844,0.0000071165796,0.0020058774,0.5018598],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99603844,0.00032407665,0.00047192362,0.000051191746,0.00008044398,0.0000010981995,0.0000018362596,0.000018828941,0.003012182],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996204,0.0000037161406,0.00007003604,0.00008017723,0.0000679688,0.0001576963],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99980664,0.000010373381,0.0000041583176,0.00012209892,0.000008393713,0.000048337475],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000146245375,0.00007521422,0.00006215068,0.000036518402,0.000022965012,0.000017398854,0.00006447944,0.00001806877,0.0011539666],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000005621141,0.00007282822,0.000032438613,0.000082650695,0.000013238857,0.00006926878,0.000006900425,0.00008845156,0.0011303287],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002017325,0.000064780594,0.003338577,0.000065901695,0.0000452286,0.00000738444,0.0012544484,0.005781813,0.0073141344,0.0013080178,0.6062974,0.3745203],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002614953,0.000006500645,0.000770469,0.000019265553,0.000009726209,0.0000069597136,0.00007035966,0.22997043,0.0018452374,0.00011838615,0.7666608,0.0002603526],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008120088,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007008847,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5074999,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000022155957,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":8.560376e-7,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99975914},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2548926576","doi":"10.1109/icics.2005.1689264","title":"Digital Camera Sensor Noise Estimation from Different Illuminations of Identical Subject Matter","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Noise (video); Computer science; Computer vision; Artificial intelligence; Digital camera; Subject matter; Range (aeronautics); Dynamic range; Noise measurement; Dark-frame subtraction; Data compression; Noise reduction; Image processing; Engineering; Median filter; Image (mathematics)","score_opus":0.003409257427485439,"score_gpt":0.18789163389171015,"score_spread":0.18448237646422472,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2548926576","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9481902,0.00001570687,0.0362806,0.0001150792,0.00010858848,0.000055594217,0.000051502557,0.00015097705,0.0150317615],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99734485,8.730719e-7,0.0010095645,0.000015411359,0.00005185293,0.0000027807596,0.00008164601,0.000018385672,0.0014746143],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99945587,0.000004951668,0.00020733266,0.0000933264,0.000121700185,0.00011683649],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997527,0.00005598307,0.000016808706,0.0001267773,0.000021435717,0.000026299993],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000011245536,0.00009832492,0.000116831165,0.00005660422,0.000017449189,0.00004632884,0.000046777666,0.000029693956,0.00036508043],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009241994,0.00008758755,0.000052001735,0.00005578082,0.000056946683,0.00013866948,0.000011180228,0.00005282605,0.00019989278],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000408112,0.0011109173,0.3749108,0.00040444688,0.00038925663,0.000058712252,0.0022317593,0.15469678,0.35696915,0.0045758276,0.06682488,0.03778669],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00046453218,0.000011894037,0.47527146,0.000041067142,0.000053174284,0.0000083429095,0.00025340554,0.47004262,0.052006308,0.0010763602,0.0004255447,0.00034529454],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00012148181,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002037365,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.31534585,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000026774642,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000021674368,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.39973748},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2573602261","doi":"10.1109/icsens.2016.7808584","title":"A vector light detector for proximity sensing applications","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Photodiode; Computer science; Detector; Pixel; Photodetector; Pyramid (geometry); Automation; Electronic engineering; Artificial intelligence; Optics; Optoelectronics; Materials science; Engineering; Physics; Mechanical engineering; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.007380335783191618,"score_gpt":0.20310097215603443,"score_spread":0.19572063637284282,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2573602261","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.06109522,0.00006846586,0.927577,0.0012445529,0.00020995362,0.0006410322,0.000018951188,0.0014143357,0.00773045],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9875648,0.000003753765,0.010962006,0.000037671685,0.00018000967,0.000046944828,7.4026826e-7,0.00002705509,0.0011769932],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996141,0.0000027680894,0.00008323878,0.00010310001,0.00004128079,0.00015551312],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99971265,0.00005538606,0.000007662002,0.00015432613,0.000027407881,0.000042592714],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00003136101,0.0000726937,0.00006854239,0.000027076052,0.00003899105,0.000014923435,0.000045217115,0.000026547907,0.000029250134],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000015691865,0.000048775135,0.000039610997,0.000058649595,0.00001067952,0.000062594445,0.0000065413715,0.000022953493,0.00007349576],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004552394,0.00001027855,0.00008696939,0.000057506782,0.000026596968,4.847979e-7,0.000060281298,0.000025076319,0.830403,0.0018418814,0.0038958448,0.16358753],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00051465875,0.000014159293,0.0005618342,0.000035026296,0.000020178964,0.0000102631875,0.000022240185,0.010381587,0.63841176,0.0012572046,0.3484537,0.00031737142],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000017064277,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008809192,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9264696,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000034330333,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000054215357,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.19889924},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2574331267","doi":"10.1117/12.628590","title":"Low-power realization in main blocks of CMOS APS image sensor","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Operational transconductance amplifier; Comparator; Operational amplifier; Electronic engineering; Amplifier; Computer science; CMOS; Electrical engineering; Instrumentation amplifier; Transconductance; Engineering; Voltage; Transistor","score_opus":0.005699120076192393,"score_gpt":0.21041983565712544,"score_spread":0.20472071558093305,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2574331267","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9932651,0.00008648343,0.00011755228,0.0008605189,0.0001822861,0.00042027186,0.00006075458,0.00014488927,0.0048621423],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.934706,0.0001311511,0.06443151,0.00006188001,0.00030151886,0.00006283388,0.00001059076,0.000100183286,0.00019436503],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9977967,1.7942057e-8,0.0008769129,0.00031171308,0.0005793683,0.0004352643],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987107,0.000097373864,0.00022804824,0.00007366843,0.0007903492,0.00009987165],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004832727,0.00033678397,0.0004638812,0.00018165774,0.00003577345,0.000063380954,0.0006118466,0.00019589173,0.00002932886],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003302326,0.00031596667,0.0004354357,0.00045266154,0.00018426751,0.00052621844,0.00008672112,0.0003335447,0.000002319372],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000055244403,0.00015753665,0.00040103006,0.0006628015,0.00022444616,2.2718503e-7,0.0006126085,0.004894471,0.89761686,0.09057323,0.004380456,0.00042107207],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0020678448,0.00018527465,0.0017298785,0.00085386774,0.00012920849,0.000031896136,0.0020643256,0.22339644,0.76333976,0.0009013819,0.0045871385,0.00071295694],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000989581,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.769559e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.21850197,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024206752,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000020549633,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99992925},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2574449403","doi":"10.71781/535","title":"The neuroscience of cognitive enhancement : enhanced attention, working memory and visual information processing speed using 3D-MOT","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"Papyrus : Institutional Repository (Université de Montréal)","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Cognitive neuroscience; Cognition; Cognitive psychology; Working memory; Psychology; Neuroscience; Cognitive science","score_opus":0.006958121405438515,"score_gpt":0.2010083714111097,"score_spread":0.19405025000567117,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2574449403","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98234695,0.0044729216,0.0016942191,0.000014746125,0.00083966553,0.00025417205,0.000007076509,0.00007956386,0.010290683],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979877,0.00023323351,0.000091300855,0.000016399224,0.000054173946,0.0000041932685,0.000087066415,0.000015471256,0.0015104788],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987274,0.000032219574,0.0003235141,0.0001966576,0.0004844271,0.00023581063],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99916303,0.000044349632,0.0002736316,0.00009233514,0.00033023115,0.000096398486],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015916221,0.00022699886,0.00020001111,0.00017044297,0.002246739,0.000096632255,0.00013422183,0.00011632487,0.0000016568222],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000061712475,0.00022619627,0.00006167339,0.00025924863,0.0001716639,0.0005246249,0.000046796715,0.0002150798,0.0000023708662],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0011529701,0.00014215437,0.0015549597,0.0010842378,0.00029773472,0.00013703782,0.095021926,0.030365381,0.5000361,0.00028844865,0.00022572643,0.36969328],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0034720174,0.0002443754,0.03514543,0.0052923895,0.0010499839,0.00046425787,0.21740134,0.49890488,0.22921605,0.00019838907,0.0065621426,0.0020487483],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005075845,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00024372347,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4685395,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009817334,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00044729808,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9990522},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2578633187","doi":"10.1109/ism.2016.0069","title":"The Physical-Fourier-Amplitude Domain, and Application to Sensing Sensors","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"SIGNAL (programming language); Fourier transform; Amplitude; Frequency domain; Acoustics; Computer science; Transducer; Time domain; Signal processing; Physical space; Sensitivity (control systems); Domain (mathematical analysis); Electronic engineering; Physics; Optics; Engineering; Mathematics; Telecommunications; Computer vision; Mathematical analysis; Radar","score_opus":0.0037155858738448164,"score_gpt":0.20821407693950317,"score_spread":0.20449849106565834,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2578633187","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.900985,0.000028016362,0.09072602,0.0026873387,0.00007153781,0.00013221113,0.0000017059672,0.00033380373,0.0050343666],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9965121,0.000017825507,0.0026320291,0.00009600483,0.00013632438,0.0000037028944,2.3422525e-7,0.000020144491,0.00058159843],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995236,0.000009380854,0.00007726186,0.0001238043,0.00008411125,0.00018188827],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995486,0.00013405355,0.000007863924,0.00021950298,0.000019816449,0.00007015441],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000070259965,0.00008756823,0.00007107633,0.000018711033,0.00009690782,0.000044283133,0.000048946105,0.000016406768,0.0000022371205],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000016984994,0.000047024416,0.000020312715,0.00007458243,0.00004006827,0.000041261068,0.00002107082,0.00003615025,0.00010381131],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008401074,0.000008312031,0.00018348887,0.000012315574,0.000035300433,0.000002206873,0.00090757484,0.00085817504,0.3661622,0.0108097745,0.00461136,0.6164009],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009481495,0.00005114445,0.00914589,0.00008928758,0.000038597424,0.0000663729,0.0010471856,0.08241597,0.114149325,0.023761136,0.7672087,0.0010782245],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008055639,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000103642615,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7625974,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002343433,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000020842506,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.19176},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2582053586","doi":"10.1117/1.oe.56.2.024103","title":"Modeling of hybridized infrared arrays for characterization of interpixel capacitive coupling","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optical Engineering","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Pixel; Coupling (piping); Detector; Capacitive coupling; SIGNAL (programming language); Optics; Capacitance; Physics; Computer science; Materials science; Voltage","score_opus":0.011768059415083193,"score_gpt":0.2150050824734197,"score_spread":0.20323702305833652,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2582053586","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5530032,0.000010525802,0.44629928,0.000007440199,0.00019450151,0.0000879406,0.000020543037,0.00006566388,0.0003109213],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98755926,0.0000145650165,0.012260022,0.0000018501289,0.00007721757,0.000014126257,0.000014954236,0.00004139712,0.000016609312],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.999317,9.4591485e-7,0.0002892001,0.00011114442,0.00009199146,0.00018972081],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995269,0.000044794724,0.000045319073,0.0002458751,0.00008614484,0.000050948667],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009390765,0.00012991787,0.00026961963,0.0000705759,0.00004067079,0.000029773058,0.00015576486,0.0000527779,0.000004071829],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002266924,0.0001442612,0.00008350819,0.000033379874,0.00003290388,0.0001779246,0.000025637428,0.000099009914,8.593218e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009843129,0.000006102139,0.0000101451715,0.00016764064,0.000028342378,4.3300975e-7,0.000111012036,0.49468952,0.5037519,0.00093540276,7.4191047e-7,0.0002889412],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00031303367,0.0000131314,0.000119210395,0.00017550141,0.000017923066,0.0000012740252,0.000018697065,0.8173276,0.18184309,0.00003307905,0.00002306353,0.00011437313],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000032340715,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.4469756e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.43455607,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000025256999,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000773786,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5882801},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2600636645","doi":"10.1149/ma2006-02/26/1254","title":"Amorphous Silicon Pixel-Level Voltage Controlled Oscillator for Digital Imaging Applications","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ECS Meeting Abstracts","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Amorphous silicon; Pixel; Materials science; Silicon; Voltage; Optoelectronics; Amorphous solid; Digital imaging; Voltage-controlled oscillator; Digital image; Computer science; Electrical engineering; Computer vision; Image processing; Image (mathematics); Engineering; Chemistry; Crystalline silicon","score_opus":0.007794432323759606,"score_gpt":0.20702125710387384,"score_spread":0.19922682478011422,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2600636645","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.84024376,0.0006989483,0.0060650413,0.00017189645,0.0005108445,0.00119915,0.00021595933,0.0015746875,0.14931971],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969138,0.0000032598966,0.0012971413,0.000040093484,0.000612107,0.00015303933,0.000058612666,0.00008938615,0.0008325694],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99857676,0.000005364826,0.00048151604,0.0002830976,0.00017834133,0.00047489526],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991295,0.00032246174,0.00010747389,0.00026188244,0.0000821178,0.00009656135],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020086477,0.00025424865,0.00031075423,0.00009840905,0.0001712303,0.00026131945,0.00016001728,0.00006088364,0.000006537313],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013565982,0.00026645671,0.00015385283,0.00012403299,0.000046810637,0.0001901468,0.000019000865,0.00015474376,0.000091083675],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007547482,0.0001795548,0.004474445,0.0002404557,0.000103022394,0.000020281841,0.00017054888,0.42074946,0.5507618,0.00017016674,0.014564185,0.008490579],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.016020453,0.00005849388,0.03484752,0.0004078535,0.00029412346,0.00014831095,0.0005915394,0.23913859,0.20155305,0.0042830356,0.4995942,0.0030628361],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000060234943,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000011429673,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.48503003,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007787287,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000022079234,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999788},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2612322286","doi":"10.1149/ma2010-01/19/1066","title":"Random Telegraph Signal Noise in CMOS Imagers and Its Impact on Image Quality","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ECS Meeting Abstracts","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"SIGNAL (programming language); Noise (video); CMOS; Quality (philosophy); Image quality; Computer science; Electronic engineering; Artificial intelligence; Image (mathematics); Engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.008113542345285196,"score_gpt":0.26143833040021097,"score_spread":0.25332478805492575,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2612322286","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9592669,0.00009706818,0.0000022533923,0.00008291504,0.00027426324,0.00015634927,0.000016388589,0.00025373473,0.03985014],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99914867,0.000016866383,0.0005570619,0.000034878976,0.00014769194,0.000006171927,0.000005399039,0.000046292123,0.000036960213],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986556,0.000045573343,0.00038559464,0.00026396886,0.00020980249,0.000439427],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99909973,0.0004183925,0.000070007176,0.00020075087,0.000036898717,0.00017419663],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00086615275,0.00026494815,0.00029012669,0.00016007914,0.000067184716,0.0001113516,0.000121611556,0.00010623917,0.000049762333],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00036959787,0.00023987492,0.000092507646,0.00016809504,0.00005192377,0.00018700755,0.00001750759,0.00072784565,0.000063433945],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000078541365,0.000047897116,0.0044546737,0.00006555262,0.000020574747,0.0000623267,0.00042056156,0.03751264,0.95611995,0.0000037239881,0.00030780112,0.0009057757],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0030233767,0.00004285287,0.49993023,0.00019450071,0.000021202275,0.00003687864,0.0001335019,0.016822893,0.47862667,0.00014439264,0.00033073596,0.0006927544],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00027678604,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000055651286,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.49547556,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000032935382,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001959752,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.97818154},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2613249740","doi":"","title":"Simulations of GRETINA: Photopeak Efficiencies","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Digital Commons - Ursinus (Ursinus College)","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Environmental science","score_opus":0.00914579292124043,"score_gpt":0.2017833157983724,"score_spread":0.19263752287713196,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2613249740","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.91360646,0.00029148068,0.00076917285,0.00044977374,0.00053388753,0.0002895971,0.0013066911,0.00054036686,0.082212575],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99797845,0.0000044533613,0.00012980144,0.000020143947,0.000063066924,0.0000067824126,0.000019870808,0.0000658306,0.0017116229],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984274,0.00002559255,0.00044480246,0.00027180056,0.00032059225,0.0005097984],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99869496,0.00038236938,0.00006747623,0.00055997726,0.0001312083,0.00016403568],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007722567,0.00029910225,0.00039211396,0.0002485042,0.00014366256,0.00007608455,0.00034372887,0.000095535994,0.00008439885],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010573676,0.00024786696,0.0001667585,0.00064164493,0.00037770942,0.00045197172,0.00006078807,0.0001285158,0.000100982856],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0010774814,0.0045784595,0.07051457,0.000998148,0.0015179935,0.0005892403,0.009026931,0.064809896,0.18106005,0.06011241,0.31533974,0.29037508],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.017790878,0.0022108285,0.0990335,0.0041527557,0.0006435529,0.0011867287,0.0046481355,0.11167128,0.14963226,0.012864587,0.5872223,0.00894319],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000014078675,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003808298,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2814319,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018003094,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000054330256,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999974},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2616323164","doi":"10.1149/ma2012-01/44/1619","title":"Third-Generation Image Sensors: Opportunities and Challenges","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ECS Meeting Abstracts","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Image (mathematics); Computer science; Remote sensing; Data science; Computer vision; Geography","score_opus":0.06231565005259457,"score_gpt":0.2374061201411506,"score_spread":0.17509047008855602,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2616323164","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.81786543,0.005490967,0.0000018829992,0.00053249404,0.00042044887,0.00004425564,0.00000304503,0.00035686055,0.17528462],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9948504,0.0028625003,0.001244483,0.000031075506,0.0007788797,0.0000035924004,0.00000666795,0.00003568378,0.00018669278],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99927163,0.000021822409,0.00017882726,0.00010617769,0.000116961965,0.0003045765],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996231,0.000064736996,0.000034832265,0.00012683422,0.000025823258,0.00012467963],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00034067742,0.00014287609,0.00011841242,0.000055437467,0.00007832165,0.00006150381,0.00004229078,0.00005969969,0.000009480872],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007350964,0.00014743533,0.000023348008,0.000026416716,0.00003524408,0.0002950064,0.000015305828,0.00012479066,0.00004585364],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000973002,0.0001431697,0.0010091435,0.0010170072,0.00016416519,0.00008689093,0.019513378,0.05579246,0.8747713,0.00061712647,0.018052299,0.028823307],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00074092037,0.00004851989,0.042845476,0.00038644893,0.00010757112,0.00029630456,0.009024332,0.031511433,0.69839126,0.00014683357,0.21491122,0.0015897108],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000015516702,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004192797,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.19685891,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000018534136,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000050168333,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6012238},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2621635378","doi":"10.11485/itetaikai.02ann.0.115.0","title":"An image sensor with an in-pixel demodulated function for detection a modulation light signal","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"PROCEEDINGS OF THE ITE CONVENTION 2002 ITE ANNUAL CONVENTION","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Microsemi (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Computer vision; SIGNAL (programming language); Pixel; Artificial intelligence; Image sensor; Modulation (music); Computer science; Function (biology); Detection theory; Physics; Optics; Acoustics; Detector","score_opus":0.008065177763698559,"score_gpt":0.2000981148380815,"score_spread":0.19203293707438293,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2621635378","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9857823,0.00007631674,0.012018023,0.000107975306,0.00034091226,0.000833429,0.000029561423,0.00033121702,0.00048025305],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99845356,0.000015693307,0.00056928454,0.00002576539,0.00015017604,0.000060797982,0.000029788082,0.0000677684,0.00062715233],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99842626,0.000026929776,0.00051781867,0.0003807964,0.00032014438,0.0003280691],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988654,0.000015243546,0.0002654842,0.00016076364,0.0006055306,0.0000875384],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00034375078,0.0002712703,0.00024994466,0.0003271359,0.00015790058,0.00011202153,0.00017092399,0.00015646394,0.000115014525],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000025885516,0.0002442589,0.00015866334,0.0006053444,0.000059992748,0.0019538056,0.00001485104,0.00021116155,0.000015708223],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00038174837,0.00027640292,0.0017749091,0.00035579677,0.00007605307,5.1882654e-7,0.0008771005,0.0028209782,0.9757311,0.00030110223,0.0002619063,0.017142383],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0025321767,0.0007626486,0.018963397,0.00027260958,0.00017200538,0.000031385505,0.0010290644,0.8574154,0.11520641,0.0008914171,0.002212705,0.00051077997],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000013878335,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002274365,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8605247,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000112955895,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000051366505,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99605894},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2737893188","doi":"10.1149/ma2010-01/19/1055","title":"High-Speed Ultra-Sensitive Biomedical CMOS Imagers","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ECS Meeting Abstracts","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"CMOS; Computer science; Optoelectronics; Materials science","score_opus":0.005654767136969003,"score_gpt":0.2086874691524939,"score_spread":0.2030327020155249,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2737893188","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.92121106,0.000019883331,0.000013434497,0.00029807037,0.0021556355,0.000086373395,0.000015063501,0.00079969084,0.07540076],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9958976,0.000008863179,0.0030345297,0.00008853229,0.0007072093,0.0000019282031,0.000022799606,0.000066124536,0.00017242695],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99860454,0.00001723275,0.00032868254,0.0002616505,0.0002931494,0.000494764],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991516,0.0002197325,0.000057656624,0.00027045605,0.000060578215,0.00024000491],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00033988393,0.00023650314,0.00022106647,0.0001067471,0.000101281505,0.00008560362,0.0001585169,0.00015485202,0.000063659056],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00040752967,0.00023998076,0.000076461525,0.00018082501,0.00014630226,0.0001170621,0.000014897234,0.00073929504,0.00046698697],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004703163,0.000029572058,0.00011086013,0.000024036415,0.000028732553,0.00014159185,0.000407694,0.016386576,0.9781763,0.000009803913,0.0031658642,0.0015142923],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00050872535,0.000018457884,0.010228756,0.00008688432,0.000029047573,0.000176437,0.0002335245,0.0040022116,0.97595197,0.000088737186,0.008201861,0.00047339697],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00015978471,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000013499638,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07522833,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000031310366,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000024019124,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9786131},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2740203658","doi":"10.1109/cicc.2017.7993653","title":"A CMOS pixel design with binary space-time exposure encoding for computational imaging","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; CMC Microsystems","keywords":"Pixel; Encoding (memory); Image sensor; CMOS; Computer science; CMOS sensor; Binary number; Computer hardware; Artificial intelligence; Electronic engineering; Engineering; Mathematics","score_opus":0.014183093624766453,"score_gpt":0.2211459761313063,"score_spread":0.20696288250653985,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2740203658","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.09247938,0.00014780981,0.88741755,0.001097861,0.0003238462,0.00048738168,0.000012592924,0.00079366635,0.017239878],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9130771,0.0000025310114,0.085568585,0.000049996837,0.00009783692,0.000020297015,0.000006653884,0.000042843494,0.0011341551],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993732,0.000007806969,0.000106029256,0.00016368103,0.000112988084,0.00023628435],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995268,0.00009870526,0.000034325298,0.00023280746,0.00004961158,0.000057734058],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010972478,0.00014460192,0.00013444426,0.00005406166,0.00029671314,0.00018779509,0.00016302623,0.00002261839,0.000050798444],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000234991,0.00012553643,0.00004065568,0.00003018737,0.00005064555,0.0002683276,0.000021315254,0.00007113222,0.000039844377],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000082431376,0.000046178375,0.0055136536,0.00012930587,0.00014012239,0.000046090234,0.00066407624,0.90244055,0.054398797,0.0014523888,0.026435617,0.008650765],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008382159,0.000047429192,0.0024316765,0.0000672423,0.000023337223,0.000038308623,0.00009121697,0.99110276,0.002517576,0.0005121426,0.0020364067,0.00029371586],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000067483475,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000011730206,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8205977,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000031357205,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000020603089,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5119227},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2742766012","doi":"10.1109/newcas.2017.8010163","title":"A high-precision CMOS biophotometry sensor with noise cancellation and two-step A/D conversion","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Dynamic range; Successive approximation ADC; Transimpedance amplifier; CMOS; Capacitor; Effective number of bits; Wide dynamic range; Correlated double sampling; Linearity; Flash ADC; Electronic engineering; Amplifier; Computer science; Detector; Sensitivity (control systems); Noise (video); Operational amplifier; Electrical engineering; Voltage; Voltage reference; Engineering; Telecommunications; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.005920877279185853,"score_gpt":0.21254983595329832,"score_spread":0.20662895867411246,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2742766012","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99201256,0.000055403416,0.0020257677,0.00011065151,0.0002649055,0.000119547185,0.0000055508535,0.00018715338,0.005218448],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99416476,0.00006669314,0.00466932,0.000030451793,0.00006583727,0.0000020397463,0.0000034819934,0.000022948507,0.00097448286],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99945396,0.0000063909047,0.00009334719,0.00016637881,0.00012929208,0.00015065429],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99950343,0.000029028644,0.0000341993,0.0003291117,0.000032405507,0.00007180794],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000056433553,0.00012421253,0.0001293014,0.00007221973,0.00016571966,0.00011906428,0.00008320846,0.0000404943,0.00008650097],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000013226435,0.00009833338,0.000016657345,0.000052961957,0.000054548942,0.00017622118,0.000030327235,0.00008116354,0.000042750613],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005321325,0.000092717615,0.17327629,0.0006080593,0.0002702816,0.00022249685,0.0010664791,0.030777507,0.6556052,0.00068255974,0.014792321,0.12207393],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0062503596,0.00016713752,0.15357028,0.00031962397,0.000101699596,0.0000958636,0.0004623297,0.4976735,0.32668608,0.00007637757,0.013448678,0.0011480559],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00052233774,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005917101,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.466896,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000033586733,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005766189,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4009919},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2744928011","doi":"10.1109/transducers.2017.7994013","title":"A silicon vector light sensor for proximity sensing applications","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"CMC Microsystems","keywords":"Photodiode; Planar; Image sensor; Pixel; Fabrication; Computer science; Photodetector; Optoelectronics; Materials science; Computer vision; Computer graphics (images)","score_opus":0.013508905406479416,"score_gpt":0.24325128735465437,"score_spread":0.22974238194817495,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2744928011","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5457403,0.00018789008,0.28641063,0.006234478,0.0011370496,0.002989926,0.00006583679,0.003435306,0.1537986],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9890732,0.0000041874005,0.008783812,0.000048717935,0.00026853848,0.000033716573,0.0000034805519,0.000031406336,0.0017529328],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995316,0.0000029019423,0.00009758216,0.00013537907,0.000051045914,0.0001814684],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994057,0.000028651937,0.000023197254,0.0004531117,0.00003794016,0.00005142709],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000047646117,0.000095917225,0.000103352744,0.0000235042,0.00026127632,0.000120454664,0.00010854442,0.00003886582,0.000012637352],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000330253,0.0000902363,0.00005405388,0.000020550176,0.000023865003,0.00011574161,0.000016312022,0.000059230006,0.00005143026],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000026582766,0.0000947121,0.001890242,0.00064198836,0.00020351914,0.00000880883,0.0007780345,0.0013464936,0.75946,0.01330909,0.020189365,0.2020512],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009216089,0.000021535603,0.0073956163,0.00004792267,0.00006590134,0.000030242492,0.00015881023,0.23433395,0.35615894,0.0014259173,0.3987213,0.0007182528],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000139031545,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000020514395,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4433329,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000024023153,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006309081,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.36797294},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2750956035","doi":"10.1117/12.2283926","title":"Feasibility of current mediated amorphous silicon active pixel sensor readout circuits for large area diagnostic medical imaging","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Flicker noise; Noise (video); Amplifier; Detector; Pixel; Electronic circuit; Materials science; Optoelectronics; Linearity; Electrical engineering; Dark current; CMOS; Image sensor; Electronic engineering; Computer science; Physics; Noise figure; Photodetector; Optics; Engineering; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.033028717947403544,"score_gpt":0.30198405499312225,"score_spread":0.2689553370457187,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2750956035","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9736347,0.0004527649,0.018686436,0.00077971665,0.0012575744,0.0008725136,0.0004722736,0.00060317386,0.0032408396],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999477,0.00009075575,0.00006133133,0.000066876324,0.00015728133,0.00002799601,0.000046762623,0.000048481008,0.000023486351],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984558,0.000027771732,0.00036976684,0.00033932124,0.00035856347,0.00044878395],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980408,0.00084487395,0.00011722353,0.0005897826,0.00013203402,0.00027531013],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002586086,0.00024364515,0.00040504048,0.000057340618,0.00014429077,0.000052583982,0.00037153254,0.00007940549,0.0001504728],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0057707755,0.00022387854,0.00014393566,0.00005470941,0.00012259599,0.00018691101,0.00007811269,0.00026673026,0.0000310773],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00025239016,0.0017117873,0.537042,0.0029068892,0.0006250287,0.00020826835,0.005127472,0.0004134193,0.0921661,0.002318719,0.02571023,0.33151767],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.010792448,0.00011482337,0.3721111,0.0009879272,0.00035087552,0.0000728881,0.0011821477,0.53513634,0.060407385,0.0010154238,0.015808139,0.0020204915],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000034214463,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006561312,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5347229,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000079269485,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000057796013,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9129502},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2760739162","doi":"10.1109/iscas.2017.8050545","title":"Always-on CMOS image sensor pixel design for pixel-wise binary coded exposure","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"University of British Columbia","keywords":"Pixel; Image sensor; CMOS; Computer science; Binary number; Encoding (memory); Chip; Artificial intelligence; Computer hardware; CMOS sensor; Electronic engineering; Computer vision; Engineering; Telecommunications; Mathematics","score_opus":0.029106306890584046,"score_gpt":0.25233878194210635,"score_spread":0.2232324750515223,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2760739162","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.64184296,0.00022392707,0.30443507,0.0016922744,0.002021993,0.0017274092,0.0001158023,0.0024476643,0.045492873],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9490926,0.000041956828,0.043227307,0.0002242395,0.0003287417,0.000071373346,0.000013315995,0.00012835836,0.006872104],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99883765,0.000022425955,0.0002249824,0.00030041454,0.00016105628,0.0004534571],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99875635,0.00014913974,0.000052611787,0.00084503915,0.00006592975,0.00013090995],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017845033,0.00028720053,0.00026620028,0.00007576561,0.0003448757,0.00022250788,0.00035194217,0.00010655059,0.000112042784],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012400768,0.0002612624,0.00013328195,0.000039463055,0.00008065762,0.00025255815,0.000039573897,0.00016651263,0.00026432215],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00019985363,0.00013211605,0.00023682238,0.00020421873,0.00013979278,0.00005863407,0.0005031871,0.0086683715,0.8559099,0.000758374,0.122508645,0.010680126],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006088641,0.00083108264,0.0033120948,0.00023679122,0.00017206519,0.00006841255,0.00059195195,0.41484877,0.44411117,0.0013639415,0.12618254,0.0021925454],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000099484605,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000417697,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.41179872,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000048063725,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016681044,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99998397},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2764276440","doi":"10.1088/1538-3873/aaaad8","title":"Charge Diffusion Variations in Pan-STARRS1 CCDs","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Los Alamos National Laboratory; Division of Astronomical Sciences; Planetary Science Division; Science Mission Directorate; Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory; Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie; Queen's University; Johns Hopkins University; Queen's University Belfast; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Eötvös Loránd Tudományegyetem; National Central University; Max-Planck-Gesellschaft; Space Telescope Science Institute; Durham University; Smithsonian Institution; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Charge (physics); Pixel; Charge-coupled device; Diffusion; Silicon; Electric field","score_opus":0.007648198545820369,"score_gpt":0.1984625412214649,"score_spread":0.19081434267564454,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2764276440","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9892651,0.00002324084,0.001429878,0.007351575,0.00024743009,0.00018974365,0.000046637706,0.00005303647,0.0013933849],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9975527,0.000005209393,0.0018441319,0.000011132137,0.00007217306,0.000015824135,0.000005516642,0.000013653823,0.00047966803],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99929917,0.000031615466,0.00026642182,0.00011364595,0.00011090262,0.00017825999],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99914676,0.000057480625,0.00008750587,0.00062253367,0.000056517038,0.000029211744],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017099213,0.00008896232,0.0001252916,0.000027884282,0.0001222054,0.000018685236,0.000560733,0.000050805233,0.000066396715],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004464449,0.000062096806,0.00022460954,0.00038796864,0.00026303678,0.00008799464,0.00013021028,0.00015716715,0.000016535352],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000075170524,0.00045714685,0.84494174,0.00005731486,0.00017458314,1.1852235e-9,0.0050665904,0.0035798084,0.07773204,0.010494412,0.054234955,0.0032538783],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00022949079,0.0000062069425,0.9261439,0.000023034612,0.000017834658,2.3276871e-7,0.0003474671,0.05895031,0.00601946,0.0004460119,0.007723666,0.0000923895],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000038121863,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000092246855,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08120215,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008543034,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000028247241,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.25322345},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2766987184","doi":"","title":"Design of Low-Noise Output Amplifiers for P-channel Charge-Coupled Devices Fabricated on High-Resistivity Silicon - eScholarship","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Amplifier; Electrical engineering; Transistor; Optoelectronics; Noise (video); CMOS; Parasitic capacitance; Materials science; Physics; Capacitance; Engineering; Computer science; Voltage; Electrode","score_opus":0.023334981218036663,"score_gpt":0.21926412540526025,"score_spread":0.19592914418722357,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2766987184","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9130326,0.000080803184,0.08460892,0.0001217052,0.00022686517,0.00086529675,0.000018021292,0.00051904976,0.00052674126],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99770707,0.0000105145455,0.0010810663,0.00013989193,0.00005218584,0.00010674681,0.000017657298,0.000059595543,0.00082525174],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988289,0.000033945278,0.00029842515,0.00027569747,0.00017469883,0.0003883746],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99905246,0.0003222276,0.00006345253,0.0003189099,0.00012226055,0.00012069578],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021882905,0.00025409134,0.00032865492,0.00013591372,0.00006577424,0.00006657098,0.00020437741,0.00010740303,0.0001431114],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012372213,0.0002299089,0.000089819085,0.00018022633,0.00004202825,0.00022677533,0.000016824017,0.00014899997,0.00019681355],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00024596966,0.00040884764,0.0007922096,0.0010733143,0.00040419167,0.0000045152674,0.00053777464,0.1803472,0.7921974,0.0020963121,0.011679692,0.010212562],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0016367309,0.00018250206,0.02023638,0.00015687176,0.000070030095,0.0000017296358,0.00013382247,0.62528986,0.3500465,0.0012443982,0.00021792292,0.0007832928],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002420392,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000064635856,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.44494265,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000055524426,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001412331,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.93754125},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2784014468","doi":"10.3390/s18020479","title":"Analysis of Dark Current in BRITE Nanostellite CCD Sensors","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Sensors","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Canadian Space Agency; Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz; Universität Wien; University of Toronto; Österreichische Forschungsförderungsgesellschaft; Ministerstwo Edukacji i Nauki; Fundacja na rzecz Nauki Polskiej","keywords":"Dark current; Pixel; Physics; Sky; Charge-coupled device; Proton; Normalization (sociology); Optics; Detector; Optoelectronics; Astronomy; Nuclear physics","score_opus":0.009174424291519595,"score_gpt":0.2409725413243075,"score_spread":0.2317981170327879,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2784014468","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9923037,0.00053757,0.00003730999,0.000031251206,0.00052402477,0.00009662031,0.000036841113,0.00017450262,0.006258174],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992394,0.00020062635,0.00015315467,0.000017869637,0.00011088202,0.0000016736553,0.000016502252,0.000036986086,0.00022290171],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986143,0.00005199472,0.00043845118,0.00027120524,0.00023866828,0.00038534083],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99927783,0.0000768637,0.000055615026,0.0004205199,0.00008132121,0.00008787079],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016699343,0.00021213014,0.00043783276,0.0007183426,0.000031284064,0.000021678357,0.00015038726,0.000070095026,0.000093771734],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004760165,0.00022405962,0.00019141252,0.0018057884,0.00014142098,0.0000645424,0.000027212998,0.00018700467,0.00009565954],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011482324,0.00034515737,0.25238144,0.00049339904,0.0024339657,0.00012452075,0.014012702,0.55951536,0.03824026,0.00048265816,0.003890507,0.1279652],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011300797,0.000090198795,0.2360585,0.00029253797,0.0009934847,0.000016742204,0.0008664895,0.66304964,0.04479374,0.00014714191,0.051307097,0.0012543704],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009467018,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00020627605,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12671083,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005773712,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010460592,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9136886},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2787430332","doi":"10.1109/fpt.2017.8280133","title":"Exploring automated space/time tradeoffs for OpenVX compute graphs","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Throughput; Flexibility (engineering); Field-programmable gate array; High-level synthesis; Node (physics); Variety (cybernetics); Heuristic; Design space exploration; Distributed computing; Parallel computing; Computer engineering; Embedded system; Artificial intelligence; Operating system","score_opus":0.08160051291977648,"score_gpt":0.2540514599182134,"score_spread":0.17245094699843688,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2787430332","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9515788,0.00006271296,0.0041740392,0.00083199225,0.0013201312,0.000424922,0.000017022661,0.0060498826,0.035540514],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9917843,0.000023412485,0.0067753596,0.000030602045,0.00009985324,0.000030643296,0.000006488447,0.00005157767,0.0011978081],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99936664,0.0000040724603,0.00012483165,0.00015052738,0.00007666734,0.0002772693],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994555,0.000031705942,0.000023589677,0.00039665686,0.000018000588,0.00007450574],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007369147,0.00014184919,0.00017089311,0.000056658013,0.00022530761,0.00020667847,0.00027489572,0.000030315072,0.00004177389],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000016041115,0.00013698437,0.000080740996,0.00003618508,0.00003208019,0.00040990286,0.000032816133,0.00006750003,0.00012645521],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010299473,0.00027733174,0.003833039,0.0010513036,0.001354043,0.00015079397,0.005122211,0.09687319,0.20696726,0.043041132,0.4918641,0.14936262],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007462057,0.000023396738,0.009002362,0.000047949714,0.00002178053,0.0000094342595,0.00004686412,0.93871325,0.021904077,0.00027803998,0.028840702,0.0003659555],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000030017414,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005468038,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.84184,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000017859002,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000047149647,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.558606},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2789053168","doi":"10.1088/1538-3873/aab0fe","title":"A Binary Offset Effect in CCD Readout and Its Impact on Astronomical Data","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Comisión Nacional de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica; Argonne National Laboratory; Integrated Electronics Engineering Center, Binghamton University; Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules; York University; Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação; Science and Technology Facilities Council; Office of Science; University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; Space Telescope Science Institute; University of Sussex; Institut de Física d'Altes Energies; U.S. Department of Energy; Yale University; Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Brookhaven National Laboratory; High Energy Physics; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación Productiva; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; University College London; Carnegie Mellon University; College of Engineering, Michigan State University; University of Washington; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; NASA Exoplanet Science Institute; Princeton University; Johns Hopkins University; Institut national des sciences de l'Univers; Vanderbilt University; University of Chicago; Harvard University; Agence Nationale de la Recherche; Ohio State University; Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos; University of Pennsylvania; National Astronomical Observatory of Japan; New Mexico State University; University of Portsmouth; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; California Institute of Technology; Advanced Scientific Computing Research; W. M. Keck Foundation; Fermilab; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Pixel; Telescope; Physics; Offset (computer science); Binary number; Digitization; Optics; Data reduction; Remote sensing; Astronomy; Astrophysics; Computer science; Telecommunications; Geology","score_opus":0.013683111057297699,"score_gpt":0.2551035496710168,"score_spread":0.2414204386137191,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2789053168","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9961951,0.000055659355,0.000052489948,0.0029472844,0.0001060619,0.00024332404,0.0001941937,0.000033719218,0.00017221674],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99926424,0.0000034472366,0.0005225899,0.000006379895,0.00006863471,0.000009231666,0.000023452354,0.000017693616,0.000084325366],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99914014,0.000067744135,0.000257375,0.00021187685,0.00010302958,0.0002198364],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985685,0.00016122831,0.00008608386,0.0011021086,0.000026237585,0.000055839264],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00034699548,0.00014129168,0.00020906854,0.000034730285,0.00007990181,0.000027223421,0.00092363404,0.00005982577,0.000021444783],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000071073955,0.00008843545,0.00018317337,0.00022476734,0.00030674977,0.0001391342,0.00036817158,0.00023463246,0.000012380856],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000999516,0.0003321661,0.87000585,0.00009331693,0.00036410222,4.749706e-9,0.0008885856,0.020300413,0.02183318,0.0004982382,0.07984985,0.0057343645],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003487457,0.00005180924,0.818992,0.000043721666,0.00002571533,4.9568064e-7,0.000103005106,0.17594318,0.0033781284,0.000033766803,0.0009832071,0.00009618565],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000022069853,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000026766197,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.15564276,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009934093,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000033450906,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3606293},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2791630164","doi":"10.1103/physreva.97.032309","title":"Device-independent point estimation from finite data and its application to device-independent property estimation","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical review. A/Physical review, A","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":56,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"National Center of Competence in Research Quantum Science and Technology; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan; National Center for Theoretical Sciences","keywords":"Estimation; Property (philosophy); Point (geometry); Computer science; Point estimation; Statistics; Mathematics; Engineering; Geometry","score_opus":0.027211887861091598,"score_gpt":0.34815498191935146,"score_spread":0.3209430940582599,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2791630164","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.56653374,0.121046536,0.2828057,0.00949438,0.00070732576,0.013195254,0.0007175615,0.0018256408,0.0036738438],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9730807,0.020524338,0.0023051621,0.0022539375,0.00074157916,0.00043239078,0.0005249985,0.00010399669,0.0000328838],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99665695,0.0001685517,0.0007849791,0.0010476855,0.00082300405,0.00051882415],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99732924,0.0002985267,0.00021889045,0.0014758161,0.0002504871,0.00042706533],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004940475,0.0005884564,0.0011340384,0.00006294453,0.0001494295,0.00010175084,0.00077399786,0.00005860165,0.00004488254],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00096721476,0.0004391536,0.00018655798,0.00066490105,0.00006701947,0.000739451,0.0004099017,0.00043260027,0.0029520004],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000032929413,0.0006768105,0.00009044924,0.01363854,0.00021891449,0.000009745243,0.0005260766,0.0016852428,0.055264745,0.0015636724,0.0080913035,0.91820157],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00027561144,0.00009500265,0.00072010385,0.008851063,0.0005772989,0.000007097751,0.000007744626,0.9459379,0.008508567,0.003059719,0.031256024,0.0007038838],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006112722,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000029601948,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.94425267,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015820417,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000500537,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99980605},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2799047820","doi":"10.3847/1538-3881/ab089d","title":"Overview of the DESI Legacy Imaging Surveys","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Astronomical Journal","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1741,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; Perimeter Institute","funders":"Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study, Harvard University; Office of Science; Chinese Academy of Sciences; National Natural Science Foundation of China; Science and Technology Facilities Council; European Commission; National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center; Aspen Center for Physics; U.S. Department of Energy; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Sky; Observatory; Photometry (optics); Software; Satellite; Telescope; Data archive; Infrared","score_opus":0.012793667168043775,"score_gpt":0.2180278270240034,"score_spread":0.2052341598559596,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2799047820","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9964422,0.0005002635,0.000993539,0.00042679883,0.0005712739,0.000054444397,0.0000014002308,0.000020207106,0.0009898895],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995109,0.000015931282,0.00018825142,0.000026729089,0.00015481615,3.633979e-7,2.1290406e-7,0.000016767608,0.000086030246],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99931884,0.0001335335,0.0001988767,0.000053895354,0.00010314304,0.00019168394],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99958473,0.00007430209,0.000052244828,0.00023095311,0.000017501365,0.00004023705],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00054870895,0.000085932006,0.0001287617,0.000019101397,0.000053383344,0.000066593144,0.00036657628,0.00001249717,0.00017017529],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001161703,0.000047700054,0.00012863216,0.00006020512,0.000051565312,0.00013247762,0.00005130709,0.00033719707,0.000073603675],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000019889996,0.00004736884,0.7173245,0.000054010838,0.00021678003,0.0000015001806,0.0005362443,0.13791798,0.030866066,0.0011047157,0.004121956,0.107789025],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005243084,0.000010429532,0.9675615,0.000102026366,0.000033778233,0.00010058827,0.00018978375,0.02259052,0.004685219,0.00035917567,0.0036912903,0.00015141827],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007855278,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":9.924428e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.250237,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000043611144,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000213761,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.19451517},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2801516658","doi":"10.1088/1742-6596/1004/1/012011","title":"JANUS: A Compilation System for Balancing Parallelism and Performance in OpenVX","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Physics Conference Series","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Parallel computing; Multi-core processor; Implementation; Graph; Field-programmable gate array; Memory bandwidth; Computer architecture; Embedded system; Computer hardware; Theoretical computer science","score_opus":0.015231981145425573,"score_gpt":0.21828470038348383,"score_spread":0.20305271923805826,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2801516658","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9776128,0.000066729546,0.02091123,0.00005712356,0.0002927511,0.000071607246,0.0000041282065,0.000020958061,0.0009626666],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99833727,0.00003959648,0.0013200406,0.0000074306936,0.00026323198,0.0000017812233,0.0000010516297,0.00000863969,0.000020979036],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995692,0.000007838186,0.00019799668,0.000047508114,0.000072332594,0.000105173254],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996973,0.000019543757,0.00007045561,0.0000513218,0.00013475571,0.000026587788],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010529229,0.00007411252,0.00016540392,0.00003417762,0.00004259056,0.000054917953,0.00006277219,0.000020400474,0.0000017622269],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000006975935,0.0000671062,0.00002073024,0.000055831788,0.000041919102,0.00047078895,0.000009160615,0.0000824906,0.0000014655029],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0011181734,0.00013725056,0.14564067,0.005008719,0.0003797526,0.000039835526,0.058933206,0.024071546,0.15814598,0.08849079,0.00072769535,0.5173064],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0035321275,0.0012021179,0.19580364,0.0032744412,0.00009007512,0.00033068904,0.006808939,0.38107774,0.39815,0.004244068,0.0046032467,0.00088291673],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000019193792,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005703474,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.51642346,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000036926533,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003091637,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.27365112},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2802704792","doi":"10.1109/iscas.2018.8351652","title":"An Energy-Efficient CMOS Biophotometry Sensor With Incremental DT-∑Δ ADC Conversion","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"CMOS; Decimation; Correlated double sampling; Photodiode; Noise (video); Duty cycle; Sampling (signal processing); Sensitivity (control systems); Chip; Materials science; Electronic engineering; Filter (signal processing); Physics; Computer science; Optoelectronics; Voltage; Electrical engineering; Amplifier; Engineering; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.004472794545159596,"score_gpt":0.1947458215720841,"score_spread":0.1902730270269245,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2802704792","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97994685,0.00002122169,0.0043803547,0.000021540038,0.00026580773,0.00006243629,0.0000069830794,0.00057096436,0.014723869],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9971524,0.0000051107563,0.0020288918,0.00019933104,0.00015338819,0.0000025759723,0.000011642163,0.000035546047,0.0004111411],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99922293,0.000012818412,0.000113124646,0.00019774317,0.00019549954,0.00025789146],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995557,0.000011898058,0.000014388907,0.00025300158,0.000045228848,0.00011978151],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000055782828,0.00015508804,0.00011351239,0.00012746263,0.000077832614,0.000040407784,0.00010653674,0.000044827586,0.0006796882],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000023074078,0.00012423702,0.000026667523,0.00027949107,0.00009274511,0.00007586114,0.000019305344,0.0000665271,0.00016500252],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014096707,0.00027976296,0.007773043,0.00007422556,0.00014556789,0.00007245493,0.0009448929,0.008764632,0.967109,0.0005730352,0.009102775,0.005019593],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000664742,0.00023751234,0.0013601544,0.000024500816,0.000018488243,0.00004075407,0.0008437658,0.2999664,0.687337,0.0000024281833,0.009154723,0.00034952976],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001456639,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000018481476,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.29120177,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000062544066,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000087037515,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7442109},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2803451438","doi":"10.1088/1538-3873/aac261","title":"Point-spread Function Ramifications and Deconvolution of a Signal Dependent Blur Kernel Due to Interpixel Capacitive Coupling","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","keywords":"Deconvolution; Point spread function; Detector; SIGNAL (programming language); Capacitive coupling; Coupling (piping); Decoupling (probability); Optical transfer function; Inverse","score_opus":0.00835569012375818,"score_gpt":0.1995930668206156,"score_spread":0.19123737669685742,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2803451438","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.93602324,0.000038205486,0.061256245,0.001979355,0.00014660048,0.00026015265,0.00007479751,0.000036667832,0.00018476386],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972019,0.0000028024892,0.0025445886,0.000009612796,0.00005076086,0.000024826331,0.0000056882363,0.000013945607,0.00014584459],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992376,0.00002238388,0.00031881686,0.00015352118,0.000116229465,0.00015146301],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990899,0.00008741359,0.00014613947,0.00045008294,0.00017386611,0.00005257515],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021704138,0.00010311091,0.00015721828,0.000038884828,0.00013443171,0.000020828973,0.0003325367,0.000051767554,0.000024411387],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000052846997,0.00008011209,0.00018223986,0.00023646989,0.00041801372,0.000111120135,0.000115170784,0.0001327514,0.0000056852878],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011335979,0.0005902482,0.17631565,0.00022959884,0.0011790231,3.848018e-9,0.013545356,0.09667323,0.67084765,0.012280705,0.02017752,0.0080476375],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00042066627,0.000059856455,0.6508725,0.00010490223,0.00013797995,0.000003051256,0.005032262,0.2770871,0.06443573,0.0009046429,0.00073901354,0.00020228297],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004259506,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000013200182,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.60641193,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009623721,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000030992775,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.32668763},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2804346262","doi":"10.1109/tbcas.2018.2817200","title":"A Wireless Fiber Photometry System Based on a High-Precision CMOS Biosensor With Embedded Continuous-Time $\\Sigma \\Delta$ Modulation","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Delta-sigma modulation; CMOS; Wireless; Biosensor; Sigma; Modulation (music); Materials science; Electronic engineering; Optoelectronics; Computer science; Physics; Engineering; Nanotechnology; Telecommunications; Acoustics","score_opus":0.007947739338052318,"score_gpt":0.20507671375955355,"score_spread":0.19712897442150124,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2804346262","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.69333875,0.000037820817,0.3023746,0.000057342488,0.0014671348,0.0007023632,0.00022893221,0.00083707884,0.0009559989],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990065,0.0000054338084,0.00007196379,0.000045524946,0.00028591696,0.000064826214,0.00002041235,0.000081307815,0.00041808968],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99777645,0.00011113292,0.0004898765,0.0004946159,0.00070733624,0.00042056062],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99884486,0.00021252342,0.00007841441,0.000426454,0.00012856013,0.00030920457],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000293031,0.00036737442,0.0005265392,0.0005127324,0.00024907477,0.0001445661,0.00013739293,0.00026896672,0.00010040696],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000005545173,0.00028671842,0.000087076594,0.0006555101,0.00021552794,0.00010887274,9.527674e-7,0.0002830755,0.00020372852],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0011348008,0.0018041522,0.000085724605,0.0037156001,0.0012958625,0.00037465186,0.0021404175,0.17797536,0.37118474,0.00021229434,0.005505909,0.4345705],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002183454,0.00070537115,0.00018747449,0.0012511306,0.000079564525,0.000095584204,0.00022561487,0.9821528,0.010942988,0.0000013083189,0.0016826894,0.0004920046],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010065635,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000047164544,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.80417746,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015963962,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003115644,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999585},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2883403363","doi":"10.1117/12.2313918","title":"Signal dependent interpixel capacitance in hybridized arrays: simulation, characterization, and correction","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Pixel; Physics; Capacitance; SIGNAL (programming language); Voltage; Optics; Coupling (piping); Detector; Optoelectronics; Materials science; Computer science; Electrode","score_opus":0.00689424823277604,"score_gpt":0.20716554115312522,"score_spread":0.20027129292034918,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2883403363","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7818543,0.0000112212265,0.21617857,0.000025338675,0.0005034846,0.00006597476,0.0000017931742,0.00016475198,0.0011945784],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990097,0.000009757103,0.00020716726,0.00006607278,0.00012648107,0.000003928267,0.000007959027,0.000014589726,0.0005542928],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995437,0.0000116346155,0.00014906973,0.00011645688,0.00006409405,0.00011502911],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99981153,0.000026594138,0.000015449628,0.000072063296,0.000044749242,0.00002964174],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000058100206,0.00008297986,0.00008423132,0.00007619136,0.000031317293,0.00003497763,0.000032384734,0.000026202464,0.00012198476],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000018502282,0.000085002066,0.000010131216,0.000111998364,0.00003113284,0.00017231758,0.0000047265753,0.000064565254,0.000028487446],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006176848,0.000047377394,0.021148419,0.00004457344,0.00003327385,0.0000061539217,0.0039148023,0.078678265,0.84607315,0.00011223601,0.0006575465,0.04922241],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00029858318,0.000015688163,0.013473538,0.000030592008,0.0000031720326,0.000007903422,0.00009324279,0.93393475,0.05100583,0.000040629126,0.0009627965,0.00013328916],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000015978792,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000082065744,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8552565,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000039541806,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004256003,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.34662837},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2893437402","doi":"10.1167/18.10.762","title":"Indirect measures of visual cortex plasticity and GABA concentration are not correlated in adults with normal vision","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Vision","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Visual cortex; Long-term potentiation; Binocular rivalry; Evoked potential; Stimulation; Stimulus (psychology); Audiology; Psychology; Neuroscience; Synaptic plasticity; Photic Stimulation; Visual perception; Internal medicine; Medicine; Perception","score_opus":0.006829146964142021,"score_gpt":0.23397306258993417,"score_spread":0.22714391562579214,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2893437402","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99877626,0.00011266082,0.0007203549,0.000018469646,0.00018815928,0.000055585067,0.0000027509384,0.000015282023,0.000110498775],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99964243,0.00006921729,0.00018225182,0.000012249139,0.000077886674,1.4657361e-7,9.564052e-7,0.000011716608,0.000003127683],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99916416,0.000029033949,0.00033710722,0.00007394968,0.0002783159,0.000117419775],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99947476,0.00004808762,0.00019464933,0.000039265546,0.00018357209,0.00005966617],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015972563,0.000097390126,0.00021300199,0.00011347999,0.000028731003,0.000019814892,0.000045798537,0.00005930094,0.000014454511],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000058193724,0.00007419107,0.000024830053,0.0001473549,0.00006466621,0.0002405756,0.000009690229,0.00019549784,0.0000016391126],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.007901966,0.0005836337,0.23926035,0.00036004113,0.00014026293,0.00022875489,0.0069275866,0.017793449,0.6528673,0.000012188342,0.0014336907,0.07249076],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0019117042,0.0012728181,0.87629336,0.001509571,0.000023573477,0.000095965064,0.00018959717,0.08796787,0.030555489,0.0000031622221,0.000068411755,0.00010847141],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008461883,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006702781,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.637033,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000037545313,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000018607403,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3025424},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2900903017","doi":"","title":"Behavior Model of CMOS BQJ Photodetector","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut interdisciplinaire d'innovation technologique; Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"","keywords":"Photodetector; CMOS; Optoelectronics; Computer science; Materials science","score_opus":0.012883027734924406,"score_gpt":0.2099267147844487,"score_spread":0.19704368704952427,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2900903017","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.78596324,0.0005878015,0.17848991,0.0004403148,0.00035876862,0.0004650525,0.00016062811,0.0007200106,0.032814313],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9701558,0.00021487381,0.026677249,0.00002230565,0.000020099047,0.00008284917,0.00014380776,0.00008941167,0.0025936286],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99766153,0.0007381518,0.0005126905,0.00044936535,0.0003300584,0.00030822196],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9965735,0.00033515942,0.00021824791,0.0019133784,0.0008231321,0.00013658717],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0014749719,0.000337257,0.00043762507,0.0001654442,0.0000906763,0.00012019824,0.00091359287,0.00026455204,0.00008854865],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00029707944,0.00038525937,0.00023830179,0.00016080242,0.00015132842,0.00006388732,0.00049876585,0.0006134324,0.000029240375],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000032613545,0.0016326451,0.00367988,0.003395773,0.0005239737,0.000013357333,0.02840851,0.24844746,0.5101884,0.024302442,0.0076917815,0.17168316],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00026195945,1.2871966e-7,0.0004758941,0.0008071134,0.00007213063,0.000003258732,0.000023291186,0.72433174,0.27138868,0.0007395894,0.0014965726,0.00039965496],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00029859148,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00024231986,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.47588426,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009618797,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000874725,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998599},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2908219441","doi":"10.3390/jimaging5010007","title":"Optimized Memory Allocation and Power Minimization for FPGA-Based Image Processing","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Imaging","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council; Defence Science and Technology Laboratory","keywords":"Computer science; Field-programmable gate array; Embedded system; Frame (networking); Memory management; Realization (probability); Power (physics); Minification; Power consumption; Computer hardware; Parallel computing; Computer engineering; Semiconductor memory","score_opus":0.004161259729730555,"score_gpt":0.2174061625311636,"score_spread":0.21324490280143304,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2908219441","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.4907976,0.0016195535,0.5033011,0.0015358839,0.0007280851,0.00030264113,0.0000030185504,0.00011449075,0.0015976303],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9177877,0.00001328168,0.08189135,0.0001420167,0.00007776317,0.0000016018197,0.0000022450843,0.000032595188,0.000051483134],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99939406,0.0000113204005,0.00026687534,0.00007575115,0.00011892167,0.0001330841],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99952537,0.000051458483,0.00012447604,0.000068056856,0.00018491839,0.000045746132],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021368665,0.000096461605,0.00016256234,0.00014120238,0.000034931687,0.000099423814,0.00006185035,0.000019140316,0.000020282541],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000050049002,0.00009033051,0.00005425946,0.000077214885,0.000018951501,0.00045747872,0.0000054869097,0.00009723852,0.0000022166191],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00030388523,0.000091010595,0.0022165172,0.0010790345,0.0001025235,0.000025514182,0.0024380567,0.42971942,0.4468167,0.000027567863,0.005397377,0.11178237],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0025399765,0.000029237835,0.00069665804,0.0002768866,0.000051358536,0.00007801065,0.0005239031,0.9494139,0.044714447,0.00006003145,0.001417276,0.00019832587],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":5.7387456e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.9932916e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.51969445,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004344055,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000035248733,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.36835712},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2912737350","doi":"10.22215/etd/2007-08305","title":"A CMOS imaging device for visual prosthetics using on-pixel gray-scale erosion for edge detection","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University; The Debajehmujig Creation Centre (Canada); Canadian Heritage; Library and Archives Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Pixel; Grayscale; CMOS; Computer graphics (images); Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution; Gray (unit); Computer science; Computer vision; Artificial intelligence; Engineering; Electrical engineering; Nuclear medicine; Medicine","score_opus":0.013854548866312228,"score_gpt":0.3096049972614792,"score_spread":0.295750448395167,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2912737350","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.77604806,0.0002719598,0.21481028,0.000013495047,0.004285318,0.0021312728,0.000049377893,0.0008401985,0.0015500572],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97010565,0.00003065478,0.023461387,0.00018131542,0.00096943695,0.0002972736,0.0009822991,0.0005317545,0.0034402257],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984872,0.00000867436,0.0004044785,0.00040087523,0.00020859392,0.0004902328],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999299,0.000111581365,0.000098820856,0.00019557972,0.0002117826,0.000083271305],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019088421,0.00042615912,0.00032710444,0.00029985298,0.00022757475,0.00011084009,0.00011396343,0.00024648895,0.000008844378],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000031970438,0.00044327992,0.00023342812,0.00019025886,0.000014935982,0.00011680816,0.0000072193534,0.00025319596,0.000009289276],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00051354535,0.00012283081,0.000041034098,0.0021844422,0.00007241273,0.0000018209988,0.0012113203,0.00513797,0.7791191,0.000036462483,0.0006076961,0.21095137],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008395116,0.000093701114,0.00014123454,0.00044124946,0.00018672616,0.000010969585,0.0012888405,0.50358415,0.48538262,0.000119833676,0.0071483455,0.0007628405],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000023280176,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00029259297,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.49844617,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021877621,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000031551677,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998019},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2915630840","doi":"10.22444/ibvs.6195","title":"CCD Minima for Selected Eclipsing Binaries in 2016","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Information Bulletin on Variable Stars","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Positive Living North","funders":"","keywords":"Physics; Maxima and minima; Astrophysics; Astronomy; Mathematics; Mathematical analysis","score_opus":0.007222578025919421,"score_gpt":0.21029207914808812,"score_spread":0.2030695011221687,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2915630840","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6429719,0.00014732205,0.033477154,0.006608559,0.0042062015,0.0021166613,0.0004164692,0.0017949962,0.30826074],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9806177,0.00005204643,0.017198093,0.0005334679,0.00012485088,0.00008568413,0.00012110711,0.00004273329,0.0012243363],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991763,0.000008784501,0.00031798717,0.00008354129,0.00012196693,0.00029139384],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993711,0.00009840876,0.000093661474,0.00029711457,0.00009718824,0.000042497817],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022427888,0.000141646,0.00015214595,0.00014840605,0.00024275204,0.00031762247,0.00019461737,0.000078141435,0.00019280461],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004044886,0.00014660913,0.000028021477,0.00008401436,0.0000341698,0.00044448822,0.000021687874,0.00013401626,0.0002624421],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00040980452,0.000097658216,0.0013307994,0.00075946085,0.00011636436,0.0000057975008,0.0042191204,0.18151854,0.0023222736,0.015898202,0.7369992,0.056322765],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012910462,0.000046476387,0.0022514893,0.00016211117,0.000007479469,0.0000031647394,0.00016505156,0.061526015,0.0017306254,0.00027662795,0.9322601,0.00027982006],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009006999,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000048897286,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3376458,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008575923,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000036449524,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5978547},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2918010644","doi":"10.1109/tcsi.2019.2895652","title":"High-DR CMOS Fluorescence Biosensor With Extended Counting ADC and Noise Cancellation","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I Regular Papers","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"CMOS; Dynamic range; Correlated double sampling; Biosensor; Noise (video); Wide dynamic range; Photodiode; Physics; Computer science; Materials science; Optoelectronics; Optics; Artificial intelligence; Nanotechnology","score_opus":0.005822408398863786,"score_gpt":0.17559783810318275,"score_spread":0.16977542970431897,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2918010644","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9905012,0.0004710293,0.0058710743,0.000065286105,0.0009141849,0.00050069834,0.000031691685,0.00027904313,0.0013657957],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986241,0.00018037584,0.000050806153,0.000021993434,0.000050974984,0.000016902583,0.000002230065,0.00004619882,0.0010064086],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989742,0.000030643474,0.00020886073,0.00030912593,0.00022315528,0.00025399387],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995134,0.000046989077,0.00004226034,0.0002340041,0.000041799583,0.000121579345],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000104100436,0.0002192991,0.00025810342,0.00010288617,0.0001434002,0.00010712997,0.00005259016,0.000087112916,0.000016429924],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000015781487,0.00019218508,0.000033858556,0.00015512793,0.00006321734,0.00013327433,4.6682848e-7,0.00016389303,0.000013395099],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000034516936,0.00004262628,0.00048029123,0.0008634947,0.00022748952,0.000023613435,0.001215636,0.21954687,0.7229053,0.00031780798,0.00010817553,0.054234173],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.011944385,0.0011899178,0.021116944,0.005500871,0.00085570035,0.0016318416,0.010166734,0.6811429,0.23712109,0.00003929823,0.023934726,0.005355559],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00014236761,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003702368,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4857842,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000058872854,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000019554049,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.78370804},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2920020761","doi":"","title":"Human Motion Processing in Reverse Phi","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University; University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science","score_opus":0.010687799088913657,"score_gpt":0.23530699344399197,"score_spread":0.22461919435507832,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2920020761","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.91339755,0.000021113634,0.0014062137,0.0000599551,0.0000901354,0.000032949407,1.6693303e-7,0.00030290426,0.084689036],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99844325,7.9384074e-7,0.00052477926,0.000050762614,0.000103173996,9.776685e-7,6.684031e-7,0.000009544365,0.0008660476],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997461,0.0000027900753,0.00006405265,0.000057134566,0.000036964735,0.000092956005],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99991184,8.956115e-7,0.000004202864,0.00005809821,0.0000107627275,0.000014218145],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00003703537,0.000041552812,0.000039323855,0.00004390686,0.000023651144,0.000014577103,0.000030038687,0.000017737246,0.0001324177],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000033637607,0.000040609466,0.000008094017,0.000093946146,0.000017166281,0.00008503324,0.0000047126396,0.00004389834,0.00008134332],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008470631,0.0001569685,0.02508168,0.00049759285,0.000018788085,0.000045541896,0.009159839,0.00671274,0.46322072,0.0033515773,0.05762947,0.43411663],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0023916133,0.000109790504,0.17593856,0.00051802665,0.000027734293,0.000040673833,0.0019507738,0.60182416,0.14488146,0.0039766813,0.066842616,0.0014979182],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000025203124,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006860856,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5951114,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000021807833,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000015962503,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1656006},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2920184167","doi":"10.1109/tcsii.2019.2903101","title":"Mantissa-Exponent-Based Tone Mapping for Wide Dynamic Range Image Sensors","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems II Express Briefs","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Tone mapping; Pixel; Computer science; High dynamic range; Dynamic range; Luminance; Histogram; Computer vision; Range (aeronautics); Image processing; Algorithm; Tone (literature); Image (mathematics); Exponent; Artificial intelligence; Engineering","score_opus":0.010595460110138719,"score_gpt":0.22311068134858467,"score_spread":0.21251522123844596,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2920184167","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.3898731,0.00027722731,0.6024234,0.0001004931,0.0034805017,0.001480509,0.00032368916,0.0010909641,0.00095007324],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99530333,0.000029245437,0.0004013285,0.000081711485,0.00010184323,0.00031979842,0.000024296947,0.00021285871,0.0035256022],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99748594,0.00007938432,0.00064747036,0.00061292853,0.00042469054,0.0007496192],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984799,0.0003091641,0.00010386214,0.0008027426,0.00011793393,0.00018637489],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023714808,0.00050656457,0.00063486793,0.0003784231,0.000313154,0.0001590782,0.00031686047,0.00020577459,0.00009635475],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000075146468,0.0005759421,0.00034039616,0.0003151706,0.0000649744,0.00034417326,0.0000018336124,0.0003829298,0.00024404099],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000044766006,0.00019159296,0.0000699583,0.0018146052,0.00027713782,0.00003150994,0.0013054536,0.56849575,0.4218174,0.000030678344,0.0017085252,0.004212605],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0083987145,0.0003219288,0.00079777936,0.0027493313,0.0002994223,0.00016171293,0.001743628,0.77046674,0.1492483,0.000019647323,0.0628826,0.002910158],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00014459039,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000015064903,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.60543025,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024664833,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000041093474,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996692},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2920932716","doi":"10.1109/isscc.2019.8662326","title":"5.5 Dual-Tap Pipelined-Code-Memory Coded-Exposure-Pixel CMOS Image Sensor for Multi-Exposure Single-Frame Computational Imaging","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Pixel; Computer science; Computer vision; Artificial intelligence; Image sensor; Frame (networking); Computational photography; Coding (social sciences); CMOS sensor; Computer hardware; Image processing; Image (mathematics); Telecommunications","score_opus":0.013779552566711583,"score_gpt":0.2370966721756276,"score_spread":0.223317119608916,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2920932716","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6624376,0.00044170907,0.3237385,0.00067799224,0.0019424298,0.0015159401,0.00028894373,0.0022677167,0.0066891457],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.83898675,0.00000737838,0.15446445,0.0006799927,0.00040776184,0.000056581757,0.00019565785,0.00020510305,0.004996303],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9975355,0.000041181986,0.000676334,0.0005969848,0.00039701717,0.00075295585],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985556,0.00032048527,0.00010119242,0.0005107455,0.00032012232,0.00019185795],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00027085486,0.00051643705,0.00050343823,0.00020253885,0.00013610363,0.00022348158,0.00024424866,0.00013824741,0.00031308588],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010043813,0.00052775163,0.00026992586,0.00022128838,0.00009684093,0.0004468659,0.000064467305,0.00035930573,0.0006596359],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001246676,0.00069102645,0.011896858,0.0008391124,0.00030629558,0.00008012323,0.001903356,0.3104686,0.6344592,0.00061054906,0.019756174,0.018864036],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0035523449,0.00007904911,0.0030266214,0.00007155702,0.00006922117,0.00012627705,0.0008398289,0.96961874,0.011078131,0.00015780445,0.010430974,0.00094944617],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000018245126,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000147281935,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6591501,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013108642,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000040143976,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997174},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2937108468","doi":"10.1109/jetcas.2019.2911899","title":"Low-Power Computer Vision: Status, Challenges, and Opportunities","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Journal on Emerging and Selected Topics in Circuits and Systems","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":76,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Qualcomm (Canada)","funders":"Xilinx; Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute; Nvidia; MediaTek; Google; Facebook","keywords":"Power (physics); Computer science; Electrical engineering; Engineering physics; Engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.025434432783634955,"score_gpt":0.23361275169975754,"score_spread":0.2081783189161226,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2937108468","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9806015,0.01462282,0.000074834075,0.00021713246,0.0017646408,0.00009161698,0.000002558781,0.00005625066,0.002568651],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9774519,0.021758037,0.000008587896,0.000055261367,0.00034275526,0.0000012852408,0.0000012310969,0.000021132895,0.00035979794],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990434,0.00005917096,0.00028564467,0.00016582871,0.00016223562,0.0002836938],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996075,0.000054607714,0.000046416924,0.00009481658,0.00005716139,0.0001395139],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021688752,0.0001639574,0.0002775821,0.00017565161,0.00007461579,0.00015630398,0.00004591281,0.00008204412,0.000006418849],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000050179715,0.0001422992,0.000018300152,0.00006228475,0.000022402626,0.00012650537,0.0000087752205,0.00037082698,0.0000016165661],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004402063,0.0001833977,0.009631291,0.002413032,0.00045140207,0.0006791275,0.02239092,0.02045223,0.0050552585,0.014035639,0.0045068916,0.9201568],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006611954,0.0020515625,0.12307607,0.006248459,0.00007783353,0.004826619,0.00686359,0.36412436,0.00024458545,0.0006508081,0.48261458,0.002609611],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000073108426,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000046212826,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.91754717,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000031963325,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013226252,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5802793},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2941449335","doi":"","title":"Quarter Video Graphics Array Image Sensor with Linear and Wide-Dynamic-Range Output Developed by Pixel-Wise 3D Integration","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEICE Technical Report; IEICE Tech. Rep.","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Pixel; Computer graphics (images); Computer vision; Image sensor; High dynamic range; Computer science; Dynamic range; Artificial intelligence; High-dynamic-range imaging; Range (aeronautics); Quarter (Canadian coin); Engineering; Geography","score_opus":0.007810168604647341,"score_gpt":0.24142028649151281,"score_spread":0.23361011788686548,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2941449335","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6145038,0.00044395827,0.36706483,0.0017635928,0.00043835206,0.0011574811,0.00005405195,0.005559881,0.009014055],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9350815,0.00016630461,0.06296704,0.00039803731,0.00015820922,0.0000928279,0.000070303126,0.00019371824,0.0008720483],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9965032,0.000060750233,0.0010563319,0.000980889,0.0006631297,0.0007357126],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99740994,0.00026440894,0.0002927815,0.0012557672,0.00047030597,0.00030678828],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007881757,0.0006442514,0.0006376916,0.0002793071,0.00022887602,0.00017490945,0.0003353423,0.00042317592,0.000034153705],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008078154,0.0005510322,0.00013207829,0.00087127415,0.00064864074,0.0004980621,0.0000735576,0.0009565584,0.00006880549],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00026763344,0.00031688152,0.0038570338,0.0003224995,0.00028614185,0.0013271113,0.0010355362,0.000038512655,0.944701,0.00014727999,0.031285584,0.016414745],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006928309,0.003111835,0.036752556,0.0030288445,0.0016907307,0.021828275,0.0029466979,0.04699605,0.27455685,0.0024129262,0.58886063,0.010886318],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00014921636,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000399829,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6701442,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017301032,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007983397,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996941},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2948418926","doi":"10.14419/ijaa.v7i1.18029","title":"Big data in astronomy: from evolution to revolution","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Advanced Astronomy","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Astronomy; Big data; Physics; Computer science","score_opus":0.009724964833568142,"score_gpt":0.23807486765184674,"score_spread":0.2283499028182786,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2948418926","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.79418343,0.00018782864,0.20149912,0.00030947852,0.003074887,0.000063000305,0.00005289135,0.000020913025,0.0006084382],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9401062,0.000007200912,0.059031304,0.000022187818,0.00070706423,0.000001564681,0.000041654574,0.000015088058,0.000067708446],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99907786,0.000013956154,0.00037754388,0.00014347368,0.00023317707,0.0001539945],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99944496,0.000037891594,0.00010420813,0.0002357205,0.00011106808,0.000066159635],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012282652,0.000106272906,0.00015952869,0.00025654805,0.000007461567,0.000029798974,0.0005850598,0.00002433305,0.00006078764],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002989087,0.00011404975,0.000043942444,0.000094539995,0.000010155497,0.0005926295,0.000085243715,0.00020121694,0.000093690534],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013197599,0.000049464736,0.0652064,0.000004124444,0.00012517534,0.000010075116,0.00013248065,0.43184322,0.019497275,0.00011049775,0.00080377696,0.48208553],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003521068,0.000133237,0.34283888,0.0005804977,0.00002563726,0.00003591854,0.0009881657,0.009271339,0.0028044195,0.0005413865,0.6387996,0.00045983755],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000030352981,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002266832,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.63799584,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00043801646,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000056380326,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.46508136},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2949641106","doi":"10.26421/qic6.6-1","title":"Near-perfect simultaneous measurement of a qubit register","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Quantum Information and Computation","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Qubit; Hyperfine structure; Physics; Quantum computer; Context (archaeology); Scalability; Fidelity; Photon; High fidelity; Quantum; Computer science; Quantum mechanics; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.00841151625109927,"score_gpt":0.19929755102098648,"score_spread":0.19088603476988722,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2949641106","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8824425,0.00012544992,0.11247963,0.000057987952,0.00013795512,0.00012450553,0.00000360201,0.0001800916,0.0044482974],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994306,0.0000062627737,0.00047980325,0.00003245957,0.000015082718,0.0000022406425,0.000021973014,0.000004625834,0.000006970129],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994746,0.000008132313,0.00024327495,0.00003469974,0.00016584045,0.00007346572],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99977183,0.000021043777,0.000050368937,0.000046838577,0.000093212606,0.000016704555],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009207943,0.00006601208,0.00007798839,0.000052263964,0.000037535876,0.00005474748,0.00002224418,0.00002394289,0.0000041881067],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000013340027,0.00006506989,0.000019034398,0.00007866277,0.000020487503,0.0002594555,0.0000043409996,0.00003838816,0.00001865337],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013877825,0.000012272029,0.00025066445,0.00019553213,0.000011604084,6.620744e-7,0.0009087354,0.93633616,0.00074437214,0.0018185179,0.001453297,0.05825433],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002721836,0.00002418559,0.0018119371,0.000023947434,0.0000061892806,0.0000069494727,0.000087634595,0.9919845,0.0005942729,0.0003439451,0.004764981,0.000079295416],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000054279746,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000056951967,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1169881,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000027064449,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008723745,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.26534733},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2950598802","doi":"10.1109/socc.2017.8226056","title":"FPGA-based CNN inference accelerator synthesized from multi-threaded C software","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":51,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Field-programmable gate array; Parallel computing; Software; Data parallelism; High-level synthesis; Compiler; Embedded system; Parallelism (grammar); Operating system","score_opus":0.055089214853442724,"score_gpt":0.28421798543196625,"score_spread":0.22912877057852352,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2950598802","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6529356,0.001632657,0.32180092,0.00046599406,0.0056514475,0.0013443684,0.0010869358,0.009491841,0.0055902344],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.94606805,0.000072636554,0.052269787,0.00012987942,0.00029023577,0.00009122363,0.00020923231,0.000148886,0.0007200837],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981821,0.00003912714,0.00040411786,0.00064157776,0.0002778301,0.00045523688],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9975449,0.00032847765,0.00012995086,0.0017057948,0.00010316915,0.00018773213],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000971398,0.0006291185,0.00071781717,0.00012267187,0.00013589027,0.0005057354,0.0010089553,0.00050195854,0.00096795184],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00045297557,0.00061035075,0.00025047042,0.000040071158,0.00008987776,0.00011819963,0.00030803835,0.00093980494,0.00044219926],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00031749028,0.0011716083,0.036397062,0.005196917,0.0037851739,0.000765541,0.0042721033,0.45555758,0.056385938,0.00017389601,0.040344104,0.3956326],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003496573,0.00002211037,0.020417549,0.0024039175,0.0003939856,0.0000023248747,0.00010553007,0.60793585,0.34922612,0.001785667,0.010097503,0.004112852],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008038156,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00010791195,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.39151973,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012318697,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001580442,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999453},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2974038997","doi":"10.1109/jssc.2019.2932623","title":"Dual-Tap Computational Photography Image Sensor With Per-Pixel Pipelined Digital Memory for Intra-Frame Coded Multi-Exposure","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency; CMC Microsystems","keywords":"Pixel; Subframe; Computer science; Image sensor; Computational photography; Frame (networking); Artificial intelligence; Computer vision; Computer graphics (images); Charge-coupled device; Code (set theory); Computer hardware; Image processing; Image (mathematics); Physics; Optics; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.00868508775572755,"score_gpt":0.22720687229656378,"score_spread":0.21852178454083623,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2974038997","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8868209,0.00014113859,0.11082668,0.000073761956,0.0009423104,0.0004687252,0.0003795355,0.00013191048,0.00021504983],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9931473,0.0000313192,0.005954266,0.0001320129,0.00033507874,0.000008799529,0.000026383772,0.00011951161,0.00024534154],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9980001,0.000027607597,0.0007459966,0.00024425422,0.00048268872,0.0004993886],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983729,0.00021398051,0.00029942274,0.00020921699,0.00065936416,0.00024511237],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022466759,0.00036771264,0.0005734613,0.00033320484,0.00007661706,0.00019974036,0.00021291626,0.00009425937,0.000030878684],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000037181355,0.0003244826,0.00029348914,0.0002321512,0.000112045454,0.0006498736,0.000010468208,0.00046135925,0.000054987533],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00025650533,0.00041267351,0.0027078185,0.00051674276,0.0009230053,0.00022273729,0.003781713,0.5158576,0.46595058,0.0000116614465,0.0022486488,0.0071103075],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.06010444,0.0043570045,0.026578745,0.0022464038,0.0011809391,0.010906948,0.008626879,0.67920387,0.18653627,0.0017010813,0.012137308,0.0064200885],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000018639253,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002901106,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.27941433,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007965461,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009765725,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999207},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2994877128","doi":"","title":"The RatCAP front-end electronics","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Knowledge UdeS (Institutional Deposit of the University of Sherbrooke)","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Brookhaven National Laboratory; Biological and Environmental Research; CMC Microsystems; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Stony Brook University; Fonds Québécois de la Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies; U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Electronics; Front and back ends; Front (military); Computer science; Engineering; Electrical engineering; Mechanical engineering","score_opus":0.007527118901508917,"score_gpt":0.17127304718301056,"score_spread":0.16374592828150164,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2994877128","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.88844085,0.02308385,0.013398683,0.00014070091,0.0006979588,0.00019301212,0.00000631388,0.00012577623,0.07391287],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9947382,0.0022047693,0.00065304973,0.0000058024166,0.000044017346,1.7110214e-7,0.0000019169213,0.000009440102,0.0023426402],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99932164,0.000025536918,0.00014141404,0.00011248217,0.00019854876,0.00020035007],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995452,0.000048041486,0.000029367457,0.00026250648,0.00006952015,0.00004535052],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007285939,0.00012454818,0.00015063344,0.000040952185,0.0006261695,0.0000066307325,0.0005144314,0.000059104244,0.000019143085],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000016953247,0.000098000535,0.00017001835,0.00013845896,0.00065389246,0.00010857556,0.00008845005,0.00018394673,0.00003944835],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00029806263,0.00047707805,0.010800973,0.00209113,0.0010832032,0.000059239417,0.016593581,0.49492085,0.35070965,0.034086592,0.06679958,0.022080047],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001541923,0.00007995245,0.080060564,0.0009722914,0.00019511412,0.00018928351,0.00035139863,0.09005031,0.30363607,0.00049322855,0.5218841,0.00054578576],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000115216266,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002937674,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.45508447,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00043529778,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008740208,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4816053},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2999596407","doi":"10.1109/sensors43011.2019.8956834","title":"Passive Proximity Detection Based on a Miniaturized Pyramidal Optical Sensor","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Pyramid (geometry); Microfabrication; Proximity sensor; Fabrication; Computer science; Light source; Optical power; Optical path; Light intensity; Optics; Ray; Materials science; Optoelectronics; Laser; Physics","score_opus":0.0037155667242946325,"score_gpt":0.18157478828842663,"score_spread":0.177859221564132,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2999596407","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96803874,0.0000024986068,0.0028044777,0.00022654292,0.0005058205,0.0002489836,0.0000028523323,0.00068206625,0.027488],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99642295,6.02859e-7,0.0023975293,0.00018035954,0.00008197927,0.000009325277,0.0000026484292,0.000028278559,0.00087634457],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993276,0.000013157832,0.000114382456,0.00017315883,0.00015423786,0.00021744291],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99960774,0.0000786909,0.000011239295,0.00021268758,0.000023641976,0.00006599695],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000042083855,0.00013578666,0.00013597867,0.00006353274,0.000023164812,0.00003300757,0.00005365307,0.00007779743,0.00021310676],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000030498384,0.00011696304,0.00006779458,0.00010369628,0.000018767183,0.00006302036,0.000007161359,0.0001878766,0.000533912],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00042162533,0.00028308626,0.0011374153,0.00029810422,0.000115941795,0.000058595797,0.00025510698,0.085425675,0.8506573,0.001030766,0.0015163355,0.05880004],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010034957,0.00008836544,0.0049096444,0.000021208842,0.00001284404,0.000006467054,0.000045657373,0.7194627,0.2723959,0.000038980692,0.0017571184,0.00025758366],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000045880006,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004438016,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.634037,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000063038766,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009112878,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.68625367},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3004757684","doi":"10.1109/pacrim47961.2019.8985102","title":"Data Mining Hardware Acceleration for Object Detection","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Reconfigurability; Field-programmable gate array; Computer science; Object detection; Hardware acceleration; Embedded system; Acceleration; Implementation; Interface (matter); Object (grammar); Field (mathematics); Software; Computer hardware; Real-time computing; Artificial intelligence; Operating system; Pattern recognition (psychology); Software engineering","score_opus":0.03434720548359605,"score_gpt":0.2515699171909195,"score_spread":0.21722271170732343,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3004757684","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8895623,0.000058108617,0.09409558,0.000050344588,0.0010973935,0.0003072005,0.000040315408,0.0007112686,0.014077463],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99501055,0.0000035686114,0.0035128207,0.000031009247,0.00010724052,0.000005474514,0.000075508615,0.000017766728,0.0012360801],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99967414,0.0000025822471,0.000070399496,0.00011359671,0.000043769516,0.00009552875],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99969095,0.000025788275,0.0000068865497,0.00024767272,0.000014335694,0.000014340806],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000054640797,0.00005386394,0.000054363423,0.000028443252,0.000024233144,0.000042372907,0.00008955952,0.000024076315,0.00008529773],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000014850491,0.0000526277,0.000014497406,0.00004611754,0.0000021706428,0.00022683889,0.000016420778,0.000031120693,0.000067654044],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000030243902,0.000020614476,0.002597359,0.0003459636,0.00010428691,0.0000011323815,0.0006748996,0.027233198,0.41850692,0.00015100745,0.03595105,0.5143833],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002635982,0.000017873277,0.0009566684,0.000011181351,0.000009193165,0.0000031508732,0.00020429166,0.8890272,0.057288475,0.00001544712,0.052068517,0.00013440754],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005490766,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000049469258,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.861794,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001603939,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000035421392,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.21460953},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3005480500","doi":"10.1109/pacrim47961.2019.8985056","title":"FPGA-based Implementation of HOG Algorithm: Techniques and Challenges","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Field-programmable gate array; Computer science; Implementation; Algorithm; Histogram; Software implementation; Histogram of oriented gradients; Software; Computation; Embedded system; Image (mathematics); Artificial intelligence; Operating system; Software engineering","score_opus":0.010067786812042036,"score_gpt":0.23899758908402344,"score_spread":0.2289298022719814,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3005480500","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9611831,0.0029955904,0.0047417255,0.00070327794,0.00016505452,0.00040272545,0.000015514326,0.0009587397,0.028834272],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98843133,0.0005419102,0.010912897,0.000015637526,0.00001810163,0.0000040232526,0.0000030779338,0.000011752219,0.00006124615],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997552,0.0000036825877,0.00007097471,0.000057426925,0.00004753845,0.000065155946],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999882,0.000011849529,0.000008913765,0.00007245107,0.0000114560025,0.000013320208],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000037918904,0.00004918666,0.00006619842,0.00004050416,0.0000047735152,0.0000046756404,0.000023855382,0.000016648946,0.000100029596],"category_scores_gemma":[4.0927577e-7,0.00004529,0.000012116648,0.000025906846,0.000007683382,0.000041787258,0.000005126672,0.000023437298,0.000005441731],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[8.0870655e-7,0.0000053134327,0.00049087906,0.00014636679,0.0000109494995,7.2611215e-7,0.00016865291,0.00003827136,0.0078081163,0.00032858615,0.00016226647,0.99083906],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00046715201,0.00008088903,0.0037437233,0.000032807926,0.000009670936,0.0000042405154,0.0012167615,0.014521909,0.96036786,0.00014326147,0.019234978,0.0001767204],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000026014059,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008079768,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.99066234,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000065578133,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000029561302,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.18468726},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3009923610","doi":"10.1007/s11042-020-08741-9","title":"Saliency-based bit plane detection for network applications","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Multimedia Tools and Applications","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Northern British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Bit plane; Transmission (telecommunications); Artificial intelligence; Computer vision; Pixel; Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution; Reduction (mathematics); Plane (geometry); Feature (linguistics); Pattern recognition (psychology); Mathematics; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.016942259802206518,"score_gpt":0.21675437330056543,"score_spread":0.19981211349835892,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3009923610","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.002184923,0.00035202559,0.9936874,0.000779141,0.000050288807,0.0013742526,0.00025513722,0.0006146771,0.0007021854],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9576385,0.00007944713,0.034733813,0.0006056508,0.0013332822,0.005120552,0.00039199367,0.000057608042,0.000039177747],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99939513,0.000004606248,0.0001586858,0.00019801194,0.00005951897,0.00018406182],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995304,0.00014367492,0.0000249309,0.00014619526,0.000027806118,0.0001269989],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000036693273,0.00011404162,0.000113548034,0.000020811853,0.00015818357,0.000051871266,0.00008629661,0.00005274392,0.000013792217],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000011142345,0.00012061461,0.000039150316,0.00021515023,0.000037020523,0.000053446915,0.000009294377,0.00008705826,0.000046449346],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016571259,0.000049573053,0.0003492252,0.0002330402,0.000040511994,2.9997403e-7,0.0002091405,0.0547394,0.03093246,0.0013609644,0.004986133,0.9070827],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00038119237,0.000018254555,0.000612932,0.000005749289,0.000031188432,0.0000010613567,0.000032645905,0.43280715,0.0058110333,0.000276804,0.5598311,0.00019089234],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000029659275,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000067310034,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.95895356,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000013100396,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009750863,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4918521},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3019880883","doi":"10.1109/access.2020.2989267","title":"Analysis and Comparison of FPGA-Based Histogram of Oriented Gradients Implementations","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Access","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":37,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Victoria","keywords":"Computer science; Histogram; Field-programmable gate array; Histogram matching; Normalization (sociology); Algorithm; Computation; Histogram of oriented gradients; Pixel; Computer engineering; Artificial intelligence; Computer hardware; Image (mathematics)","score_opus":0.03665021908823723,"score_gpt":0.3338171250800423,"score_spread":0.29716690599180506,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3019880883","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97150505,0.000052558702,0.028047394,0.00005183934,0.00006967795,0.000060519826,0.000042683263,0.000052374224,0.000117905234],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994998,0.0000034063276,0.000419129,0.000029557867,0.000010368112,0.0000029551138,0.000024902103,0.0000078860985,0.0000020174336],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994995,0.00000953905,0.00022193525,0.00008745305,0.00009765447,0.00008390081],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99973744,0.000026890915,0.000054665717,0.00009342721,0.000038664402,0.000048908965],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000022277358,0.00006405703,0.00020418772,0.000115616516,0.000018077708,0.0000111541185,0.000099257806,0.000014095889,0.000033313852],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000008873137,0.00006723416,0.00005399417,0.0006818823,0.000031601092,0.00006735197,0.000010404305,0.000040888477,6.1478966e-7],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014606174,0.000066034154,0.90110075,0.0001901054,0.00041218067,9.975095e-7,0.001537702,0.07896114,0.010822377,0.000021487327,0.0010122859,0.005860329],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010285501,0.0000703678,0.18900569,0.000020617701,0.00085807795,1.49692e-7,0.00040208144,0.48876098,0.31811446,0.000015190962,0.0014938258,0.00023002119],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00019205784,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00010762727,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7120951,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000011088012,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000052709906,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.27417296},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3022219489","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0232788","title":"Development of a low-cost, user-customizable, high-speed camera","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"PLoS ONE","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"Canadian Network for Research and Innovation in Machining Technology, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Computer science; Computer hardware; Software; Embedded system; Interface (matter); Real-time computing; Cloud computing; Modularity (biology); Artificial intelligence; Operating system","score_opus":0.03052683510151884,"score_gpt":0.18890888791005717,"score_spread":0.15838205280853832,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3022219489","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99731266,0.00008586337,0.00044445685,0.0002574876,0.000038166294,0.00015502161,0.000010267468,0.00030566633,0.0013904325],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9760915,0.000021253434,0.023411434,0.0001587915,0.00008063588,0.0000072899315,0.000011763104,0.00003978769,0.00017754595],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992545,0.0000066188645,0.00021982192,0.00012621662,0.00020268501,0.00019010923],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999694,0.000017075357,0.000024875251,0.00012764789,0.000036979585,0.00009941626],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000033730237,0.00011748941,0.00023452131,0.000037175054,0.000024500261,0.000013218157,0.00011628961,0.000035171644,0.00013753744],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000026390006,0.00012531878,0.000025848462,0.00017599681,0.000015951353,0.000057766123,0.000028628214,0.00011779297,0.00019986184],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000054851887,0.00056669256,0.0014999656,0.0014044594,0.00073050003,0.000023815306,0.0063383644,0.0088266805,0.97023964,0.00014572505,0.004974163,0.005195151],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00080150564,0.000014695149,0.0014165882,0.00023331317,0.00006226963,5.8695906e-7,0.0001219585,0.027119393,0.9641433,0.000007192555,0.005757796,0.00032140512],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007985362,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000034319105,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.022966977,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000036349644,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000023887615,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.51103514},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3047110932","doi":"10.1109/jsen.2020.3014073","title":"A Monolithic Amorphous-Selenium/CMOS Visible-Light Imager With Sub-9-μm Pixel Pitch and Extended Full-Well Capacity","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Sensors Journal","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University; University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Foundation for Innovation; CMC Microsystems","keywords":"Dot pitch; CMOS; Optoelectronics; Pixel; Dark current; Materials science; Image sensor; Capacitor; CMOS sensor; Physics; Optics; Photodetector","score_opus":0.01061487080145413,"score_gpt":0.18929687208755286,"score_spread":0.17868200128609874,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3047110932","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9925721,0.00041521312,0.0030549527,0.0014645907,0.0004660126,0.00018955112,0.000014060702,0.00042866962,0.0013948228],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99559784,0.00042262973,0.0024261947,0.0004361857,0.0008433268,0.0000038911808,0.0000014709697,0.00014202355,0.00012644067],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99772537,0.00010122856,0.00050260767,0.00041835412,0.0004969805,0.00075547944],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986774,0.000062439925,0.00012857767,0.0002857815,0.00016242257,0.0006833964],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022765172,0.0004947931,0.0005182084,0.00017127384,0.000252622,0.0003265816,0.00024291333,0.00015189312,0.000110548484],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000034871697,0.00041875354,0.00014252197,0.0003898477,0.00014168603,0.00038984686,0.000026019188,0.0013280382,0.00016047104],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00023292692,0.00006209109,0.00083384267,0.00014798129,0.0002500973,0.00053246244,0.0029434357,0.011600234,0.97272044,0.000019611707,0.009486187,0.001170686],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0058612353,0.00082775863,0.005653447,0.0004031248,0.00043842234,0.014430006,0.001419781,0.13399522,0.80809075,0.0003959377,0.025865141,0.002619189],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000012540164,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000010546525,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.16462971,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009672437,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005100316,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99982643},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3065678162","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-57811-4_13","title":"An Area-Efficient FPGA Implementation of a Real-Time Binary Object Detection System","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Advances in intelligent systems and computing","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Field-programmable gate array; Computer science; Object (grammar); Binary number; Embedded system; Real-time computing; Arithmetic; Artificial intelligence; Mathematics","score_opus":0.010630141243447149,"score_gpt":0.25046003203818956,"score_spread":0.2398298907947424,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3065678162","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.41630426,0.07245868,0.27391955,0.000019527903,0.011673536,0.0062377164,0.00030528888,0.0038158838,0.21526554],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998532,0.00077818515,0.00015534149,0.0000022850604,0.0001955321,0.000007730405,0.000025706666,0.00006747399,0.00023577269],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983882,0.000031560587,0.0007859699,0.00036431485,0.00021939434,0.0002105956],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99932945,0.000073983756,0.00026344194,0.00020641444,0.000055215576,0.000071517265],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001979202,0.00032075925,0.00054168736,0.00021915541,0.00006077117,0.000042803764,0.00011966116,0.000111195244,0.0000074818577],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000029803036,0.0003350971,0.000075488286,0.00007851912,0.00003415016,0.0000861479,0.00003782711,0.00020783406,0.000009950534],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018609799,0.000013325251,0.000060549184,0.003014703,0.00007992299,0.00003787352,0.0014532977,0.8590706,0.0040308796,0.00236881,0.000012358996,0.12983906],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000198104,0.00021297397,0.00003487852,0.002993834,0.00005338125,0.00006229513,0.0037820444,0.9847164,0.00436795,0.000044938697,0.0030097999,0.0005233897],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00015267555,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000027627008,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5822277,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020994776,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014393462,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999101},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3083351417","doi":"10.1109/mwscas48704.2020.9184520","title":"CMOS Optoelectronic Sensor with Ping-pong Auto-zeroed Transimpedance Amplifier","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Transimpedance amplifier; CMOS; Amplifier; Programmable-gain amplifier; Electrical engineering; Operational amplifier; Electronic engineering; Engineering","score_opus":0.007394834595285616,"score_gpt":0.17459590051755472,"score_spread":0.1672010659222691,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3083351417","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7620045,0.00046301793,0.19170025,0.0035877686,0.0002458669,0.00041943925,0.000011036024,0.0036752098,0.037892923],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9957952,0.000029149433,0.0024524974,0.00078370405,0.00012553336,0.000008538093,0.000004626369,0.00007045831,0.00073032355],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989676,0.000013759385,0.00016362035,0.00025835424,0.000160624,0.00043608056],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995908,0.000028232063,0.000014153202,0.0001908583,0.000025515958,0.00015043047],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00003686837,0.00021503503,0.00021138656,0.000029962577,0.000049858383,0.000052736035,0.00013202388,0.000047283585,0.00021584741],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009454167,0.0001841939,0.000054353404,0.00027716786,0.00003345561,0.00011874115,0.000008009389,0.00025417752,0.00014223525],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003867607,0.00012192228,0.00355814,0.0010027088,0.0009683741,0.00032396064,0.00996082,0.39902568,0.5035049,0.0072435145,0.0316069,0.04229636],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002690775,0.00038697527,0.0021806979,0.00010460674,0.00012864184,0.000109950386,0.0006974989,0.7919585,0.098794594,0.00008272663,0.10121686,0.001648186],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000014049346,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000016264617,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.40471026,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000029382601,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000026571648,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7511209},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3089601434","doi":"10.3390/s20195655","title":"A Novel Hardware–Software Co-Design and Implementation of the HOG Algorithm","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Sensors","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Victoria","keywords":"Computer science; Algorithm; Histogram; Field-programmable gate array; Software; Hardware acceleration; Computation; Normalization (sociology); Computer hardware; Frame rate; Artificial intelligence; Image (mathematics)","score_opus":0.015592308392946234,"score_gpt":0.23994745386045743,"score_spread":0.2243551454675112,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3089601434","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.89031434,0.00018165367,0.10694278,0.0010466713,0.00023656739,0.0004756748,0.00014477616,0.00039375582,0.0002637638],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9718609,0.000030313762,0.02767154,0.00025031422,0.00008630117,0.000004416246,0.0000063725192,0.000038755785,0.00005112878],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999512,0.000016302381,0.00012903308,0.00010455917,0.00011526423,0.00012281933],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997674,0.00004040904,0.00002548969,0.000099812336,0.000019963234,0.000046877765],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00004410769,0.00009236869,0.00010474702,0.000018449042,0.000035606532,0.000015125709,0.000068706315,0.00002449288,0.000029666826],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001858878,0.00007553352,0.000035334197,0.00011406625,0.000034754477,0.00003643146,0.000016266602,0.00007990437,0.00000717235],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000039238934,0.000060493978,0.010637668,0.00069114775,0.00046632122,0.000024997353,0.033151172,0.17442271,0.30403125,0.0002921402,0.03120643,0.44497642],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0026762404,0.00014374708,0.043976095,0.00008812925,0.00014011122,0.000064403204,0.005864264,0.43541265,0.48598522,0.00012395273,0.024733681,0.00079151173],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000027067139,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000020583652,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4441849,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001238057,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009791531,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.30801675},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3092052110","doi":"10.1109/jsen.2020.3029433","title":"Design and Fabrication Considerations for Thermo-Resistive Pixel Detectors for Room Temperature Directional Long Wavelength IR Sensing","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Sensors Journal","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Resistive touchscreen; Fabrication; Detector; Materials science; Surface micromachining; Optoelectronics; Bolometer; Photoresist; Nanotechnology; Computer science; Engineering; Electrical engineering; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.026818929156848782,"score_gpt":0.23293625161371714,"score_spread":0.20611732245686837,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3092052110","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6174557,0.00024707374,0.37957403,0.0010436084,0.00081555673,0.00055879075,0.000043426637,0.00020981602,0.00005195727],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.95275146,0.00004711097,0.045762017,0.00021798964,0.001078867,0.000008259394,0.00000469881,0.00006208996,0.00006752657],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990277,0.00006530095,0.00028314965,0.0002108361,0.00014109295,0.00027188016],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986849,0.00070538477,0.00007732649,0.000075362426,0.00028321054,0.0001738483],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018435501,0.00020846167,0.0002176673,0.00008740966,0.0004839491,0.00021155724,0.00004295027,0.00009431474,0.000014179337],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00038603053,0.00020031404,0.00010214491,0.00010825916,0.00003701589,0.00015942132,0.0000045580578,0.00029711938,0.0000024748879],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00020687777,0.000023972967,0.00012441385,0.00011854451,0.00037828975,0.000024476602,0.0031961917,0.22361249,0.7377428,0.000037201535,0.019851528,0.01468325],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015346446,0.00015059486,0.0021244634,0.00008410776,0.00017185777,0.0007214506,0.00042841007,0.7797532,0.21181598,0.0010156265,0.0016292589,0.0005703934],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000001236086,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000029280932,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5561407,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007623626,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000048355505,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8168569},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3101726141","doi":"","title":"Extreme Faint Flux Imaging with an EMCCD","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":52,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Physics; Telescope; Flux (metallurgy); Noise (video); Optics; Charge-coupled device; Photon counting; Photon; Computer science; Artificial intelligence; Materials science; Image (mathematics)","score_opus":0.009278324968882605,"score_gpt":0.19709397032910211,"score_spread":0.1878156453602195,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3101726141","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.74255836,0.0001731928,0.020163905,0.00081377703,0.00014353375,0.000110736786,0.0000015982462,0.0022724636,0.2337624],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99298346,0.0000026290359,0.0054560853,0.000330125,0.00007732666,9.805206e-7,0.000004515407,0.00001993365,0.0011249633],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99947983,0.000005004671,0.00008263125,0.00012316112,0.000093202696,0.00021614034],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99969614,0.0000053480285,0.0000060649195,0.0001996459,0.000017566004,0.00007525074],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00003629847,0.000112803886,0.00008484659,0.00004585538,0.000031700933,0.000055377503,0.00008030728,0.000013520505,0.0002480291],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000002219817,0.00009037918,0.00001909494,0.00009319426,0.000014287324,0.00018703585,0.0000038086098,0.00008192552,0.00006376494],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000049274495,0.00019613412,0.007916705,0.00005144931,0.00007264835,0.0003521246,0.0028253053,0.042176835,0.16417314,0.010396817,0.034522247,0.7372673],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0018628397,0.00029614315,0.051547535,0.0001198767,0.000060948052,0.0003643507,0.0021400123,0.81962186,0.05868569,0.0031948998,0.0602241,0.0018817184],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000127583135,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000011983074,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.777445,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000023926863,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000046839637,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.36855558},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3107341781","doi":"10.1109/ccece47787.2020.9255758","title":"Light Weight and Low Power Multispectral MIPI Camera for Agronomy","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Computer science; Multispectral image; Asynchronous communication; Image sensor; Latency (audio); Power consumption; Low latency (capital markets); Frame (networking); Pixel; Real-time computing; Computer hardware; Computer vision; Artificial intelligence; Power (physics); Computer network; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.004697482446906393,"score_gpt":0.18193543762509168,"score_spread":0.17723795517818527,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3107341781","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9414833,0.0010664412,0.014242266,0.006771695,0.00036573046,0.00037805387,0.000013836191,0.0008998,0.034778886],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99534035,0.000017111617,0.0036245915,0.00044820845,0.00011792236,0.000007786838,0.0000024073024,0.00002602394,0.0004155903],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99955547,0.0000024601802,0.00008611064,0.00012805196,0.00003798221,0.00018993545],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997937,0.000018878596,0.000005851841,0.00006543166,0.000009744349,0.00010638951],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00001471477,0.00010032165,0.00010417838,0.000016295928,0.000026431124,0.00003276512,0.00004576187,0.0000272703,0.00013511915],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000007067019,0.00009006568,0.000038354396,0.00004287309,0.000009918042,0.000073080366,0.000009835843,0.00005957665,0.000032136257],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010791063,0.00010796068,0.010464311,0.00076936884,0.00055640744,0.000065931185,0.01453475,0.0032655874,0.25311092,0.012318435,0.67130816,0.033390254],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002186333,0.000108664004,0.004084082,0.000038721315,0.00004539853,0.000016385738,0.00046890858,0.17601979,0.18505272,0.0001473572,0.6309702,0.0008614316],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004803048,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004053817,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1727542,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000011085235,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004019386,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3672772},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3108091390","doi":"","title":"ACS/WFC: Differential CTE Corrections for Photometry and Astronomy from Non-Drizzled Images","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"NPARC","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Photometry (optics); Astronomy; Physics; Astrophysics; Astrometry; Remote sensing; Geology; Stars","score_opus":0.005266662096461538,"score_gpt":0.2133946274828212,"score_spread":0.20812796538635966,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3108091390","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.81290203,0.000023011868,0.18145165,0.000021981063,0.0006705798,0.00012482142,0.000052963598,0.00015427794,0.0045986627],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9856369,0.0000078555,0.01353056,0.000015840502,0.00031279447,0.000014044092,0.000026558186,0.000028980583,0.00042645447],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99942267,0.0000035286123,0.00012658148,0.00014586555,0.00006269932,0.00023865428],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996659,0.00010125109,0.000015778181,0.00012150836,0.000020442922,0.00007512533],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000044021122,0.00011940943,0.00013579172,0.00009070683,0.00006857969,0.000046774167,0.000060866987,0.000044754597,0.00018599625],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000013015437,0.00012411328,0.0000465918,0.000084520616,0.00003257017,0.00006861744,0.00001764899,0.00011168999,0.000014474217],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000030387024,0.000031003507,0.005128729,0.000024987035,0.00008359742,0.0000025901147,0.0002685933,0.00008148436,0.91533,0.00002118576,0.005548158,0.07344927],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0027962532,0.00007462589,0.13231932,0.0000681297,0.00015537886,0.00000887681,0.00060291315,0.026286807,0.80276847,0.0008186184,0.03337524,0.00072534656],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000018205055,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000013328276,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.17273486,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000026577778,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004900888,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.50611925},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3111222332","doi":"10.1117/12.2562289","title":"Detector systems engineering for extremely large instruments","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Detector; Cutoff; Scientific instrument; Characterization (materials science); Systems design; Control system","score_opus":0.014568132084404474,"score_gpt":0.18385974365060861,"score_spread":0.16929161156620415,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3111222332","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.72081584,0.0005963823,0.26907307,0.00023959848,0.0016545651,0.0006468156,0.000074971904,0.0031054767,0.003793271],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980761,0.000004958583,0.00145307,0.00008083806,0.00019534283,0.000024105679,0.000004741111,0.00004171377,0.00011912509],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994481,0.0000021362712,0.00012917144,0.00011056345,0.000072618786,0.00023737762],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997844,0.000016704153,0.000007744143,0.000081126935,0.000013447519,0.00009659239],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000030264364,0.00011026767,0.00011919094,0.000025801604,0.000021575315,0.000041172872,0.00008144869,0.000031721218,0.000025515119],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000023896975,0.00010942687,0.0000445388,0.0000846011,0.0000024286142,0.000073194635,0.000012801646,0.00006010826,0.000062267034],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000067344285,0.0000789643,0.0043185786,0.0042201867,0.0006559038,0.000028730561,0.0026558952,0.3365861,0.56179965,0.009357034,0.051401865,0.028829774],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00039502096,0.00001363597,0.000103948776,0.000015826607,0.000007988081,0.0000020381724,0.00006323514,0.8716542,0.009494078,0.0000017396973,0.11808819,0.00016006592],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000026057457,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.9617337e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5523056,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000022946117,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000033499482,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.44622982},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3116460607","doi":"10.3390/electronics9122200","title":"CNN2Gate: An Implementation of Convolutional Neural Networks Inference on FPGAs with Automated Design Space Exploration","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Electronics","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Institut de Valorisation des Données; CMC Microsystems","keywords":"Computer science; Field-programmable gate array; Convolutional neural network; Design space exploration; Reconfigurability; Computer architecture; Artificial intelligence; Deep learning; Inference; Machine learning; Embedded system; Computer engineering; Operating system","score_opus":0.022822505662893407,"score_gpt":0.2610508908972426,"score_spread":0.2382283852343492,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3116460607","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6886376,0.00034375093,0.30926692,0.00049867685,0.000062167645,0.0002432736,0.000005270299,0.0008875869,0.000054713437],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99893576,0.000059422197,0.0007776536,0.00008299348,0.000050694085,0.000008834787,0.000060638486,0.000021562591,0.000002421433],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99938965,0.0000343198,0.00012675341,0.00011648458,0.00012715593,0.00020562937],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997619,0.000028066204,0.00003735333,0.0000795565,0.00004210071,0.000051025952],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00004821947,0.00010536785,0.00009605336,0.00002595633,0.000033564913,0.00002103732,0.00006140443,0.000029219045,0.000020029547],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000006207285,0.0001026346,0.000013980108,0.0001900125,0.000016757554,0.0002119259,0.00000458551,0.00013735991,0.0000036252168],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000038767073,0.000008540317,0.00017567046,0.000008334842,0.000017807373,0.00000112529,0.00037612804,0.99107414,0.004572387,0.0009802779,0.00039501916,0.0023517753],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00033760315,0.0005085603,0.0006783367,0.0000060949546,0.000012321303,0.000001676493,0.00012243123,0.980266,0.017714348,0.000050090195,0.0001906883,0.00011185328],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000052503538,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000029012337,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.31029814,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000060987917,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000046494133,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.41853175},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3120758171","doi":"10.32023/0001-5237/68.2.5","title":"CCD Photometry, Light Curve Modeling and Period Analysis of the Overcontact Eclipsing Binary BN Ari","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Acta Astronomica","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dominion Astrophysical Observatory; Herzberg Institute of Astrophysics","funders":"","keywords":"Physics; Photometry (optics); Light curve; Binary number; Astronomy; Astrophysics; Contact binary; Binary star; Period (music); Stars","score_opus":0.007225625790921314,"score_gpt":0.20800397233397108,"score_spread":0.20077834654304977,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3120758171","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9976243,0.000095515774,0.0007239601,0.00010871171,0.00018367461,0.00006183168,0.000014858705,0.000053731448,0.0011334629],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99909776,0.000008664177,0.000724166,0.00001470932,0.000091275244,0.0000017447529,0.000003996444,0.000023366307,0.000034342575],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99929726,0.000018315,0.00021200073,0.00018052945,0.000078001576,0.00021389649],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995186,0.000024942088,0.000045894012,0.00033837155,0.000023221617,0.000049004844],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000089655674,0.00014146,0.00025205468,0.00019741502,0.00008481887,0.0000469043,0.00016562584,0.000043060456,0.00007436159],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000013832179,0.00011842882,0.0001340096,0.00035944284,0.00005773162,0.00012997107,0.000075482596,0.00012442502,0.000005087164],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007243049,0.00009461509,0.19318996,0.00006181874,0.0033371493,0.000001922572,0.004853474,0.13250574,0.65793127,0.00007694203,0.0007382594,0.0071364203],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00020173985,0.00002224656,0.047379434,0.000026044252,0.00036320573,0.0000019902604,0.0002747391,0.94197047,0.008658411,0.0000068725976,0.0009279564,0.00016691166],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000778041,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000034078803,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8094647,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000057330424,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014535291,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4829387},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3121771384","doi":"","title":"Faint flux performance of an EMCCD","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal; Photon Etc (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Physics; Frame (networking); Dark current; Spurious relationship; Noise (video); Pixel; Flux (metallurgy); Charge (physics); Optics; Electron; Detector; Computer science; Artificial intelligence; Telecommunications; Materials science; Image (mathematics); Particle physics; Nuclear physics","score_opus":0.0027686282019258475,"score_gpt":0.16526787746934435,"score_spread":0.1624992492674185,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3121771384","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.92326045,0.000021862908,0.00020563707,0.000009831299,0.000060011283,0.000017662438,8.5962773e-7,0.00017315136,0.07625054],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99696475,0.0000020151224,0.0012327523,0.0000097840675,0.000047178968,6.9243094e-7,0.0000040160967,0.000009208226,0.0017295881],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997395,0.0000019189265,0.000079028345,0.00004307703,0.000049544433,0.00008688017],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99986565,0.000003608496,0.0000050269678,0.00010076219,0.000010301656,0.000014677874],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000023602144,0.000045056237,0.000053468557,0.000023398621,0.000009668624,0.000005799851,0.00004429171,0.000014247248,0.0001621825],"category_scores_gemma":[7.8958357e-7,0.000040496216,0.000014411792,0.00004930397,0.000011699851,0.00006769136,0.000004033971,0.000031382166,0.00003543137],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016301186,0.00016361978,0.024740769,0.00036555462,0.00003997229,0.0000121116445,0.0005827576,0.47622576,0.36953172,0.007280772,0.026256453,0.09478422],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00022073058,0.00004164913,0.045886986,0.000014565047,0.0000059230524,0.000008945767,0.00007530585,0.5356032,0.408011,0.00012718205,0.009813223,0.00019127883],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000045278182,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000012716408,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.094592944,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000008018322,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000019307429,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.17757846},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3124427358","doi":"10.20944/preprints201801.0164.v1","title":"Analysis of Dark Current in BRITE Nanostellite CCD Sensors","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"Preprints.org","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Canadian Space Agency; Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz; Universität Wien; University of Toronto; Österreichische Forschungsförderungsgesellschaft; Ministerstwo Edukacji i Nauki; Fundacja na rzecz Nauki Polskiej","keywords":"Dark current; Sky; Pixel; Proton; Normalization (sociology); Physics; Optics; Optoelectronics; Detector; Astronomy; Nuclear physics","score_opus":0.06494064196175901,"score_gpt":0.3224442602077971,"score_spread":0.25750361824603807,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3124427358","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98906565,0.001031341,0.00010702402,0.000029009498,0.0012837613,0.0003362976,0.00010684252,0.00032364044,0.007716449],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982266,0.0010874982,0.00010008055,0.00001182638,0.00013915138,0.000028666134,0.00010841061,0.000076131175,0.00022167993],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99712074,0.000119691635,0.000970267,0.0008820786,0.00041531623,0.00049192266],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99771404,0.0000901886,0.00022031713,0.0016901507,0.00015012779,0.00013520007],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00057061086,0.00049222534,0.0010453322,0.0010897405,0.000028886525,0.000024121873,0.00065016805,0.0002900468,0.00046425342],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013623318,0.0005763392,0.0005392506,0.0010379246,0.00014464119,0.000074015064,0.00081920304,0.0009857678,0.0004307995],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016921444,0.00010316862,0.8253279,0.00057062006,0.001064048,0.00001437262,0.0016250776,0.16498777,0.003602381,0.000015769348,0.00008253913,0.00258945],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00032047546,0.000006394501,0.9139372,0.0006615584,0.0009620339,0.0000029841233,0.000070602066,0.05021438,0.026474468,0.00028610285,0.0062271636,0.0008366306],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00024389329,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009710587,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.114773385,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019676656,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005101577,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996688},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3126559983","doi":"10.1016/j.compeleceng.2021.106996","title":"Field-programmable gate arrays in a low power vision system","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computers & Electrical Engineering","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Brandon University","funders":"","keywords":"Control reconfiguration; Field-programmable gate array; Sobel operator; Computer science; Power consumption; Embedded system; Power (physics); Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution; Task (project management); Field (mathematics); Gate array; Computer hardware; Edge detection; Artificial intelligence; Engineering; Image processing; Image (mathematics)","score_opus":0.0021631223765575707,"score_gpt":0.17506258548696635,"score_spread":0.17289946311040877,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3126559983","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.3476945,0.0017524491,0.6455922,0.000121008525,0.0015129826,0.00018477965,0.0000011573492,0.0018528983,0.0012880414],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9923372,0.000025975989,0.007386433,0.000055522043,0.00009620698,0.000010167322,0.000004573627,0.000050839382,0.000033035332],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987425,0.000015342854,0.00026907463,0.00026600575,0.00016129678,0.00054577383],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994787,0.00011286301,0.0000137999305,0.00024151165,0.000031042342,0.0001221055],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000798475,0.00021421649,0.00029116913,0.00016641007,0.000027095277,0.000093607996,0.00015019343,0.00009559216,0.000009433013],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000032178552,0.00024169219,0.000092315444,0.0008051286,0.0000051004345,0.000102766215,0.000040546685,0.00038398875,0.00002851828],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000073661927,0.000041176485,0.0000711274,0.00024329296,0.000037421654,0.0005195721,0.00018431671,0.9695819,0.010534854,0.0006189826,0.00085153995,0.01730842],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00033109364,0.000044747856,0.00025271147,0.0002813311,0.000005825755,0.00008284993,0.000015081024,0.98701054,0.008976852,0.000007979633,0.002711924,0.00027905373],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000054775523,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000011270558,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6446428,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001922769,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000017735814,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9855921},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3137872547","doi":"","title":"Visual Performance in Astronomy near the Scotopic Threshold Part 2: Vision versus CCD","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Scotopic vision; Astronomy; Physics; Photopic vision; Mesopic vision; Optometry; Optics; Astrophysics; Medicine; Retina","score_opus":0.004207612383758457,"score_gpt":0.18557937249600576,"score_spread":0.1813717601122473,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3137872547","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9978875,0.00011411259,0.00010298614,0.0010198712,0.0007019371,0.000057290177,0.0000019864085,0.0000042365023,0.00011006162],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990668,0.0000023124612,0.0006384693,0.000033952045,0.00020972273,7.4072204e-7,2.7871195e-7,0.0000108864415,0.00003679018],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99911577,0.000012605309,0.00033467516,0.000062758416,0.00023597032,0.00023822684],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99964905,0.00004438174,0.00010713285,0.000108212276,0.00002369103,0.00006755747],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017044182,0.0001086553,0.00018289527,0.0000076184456,0.000100066674,0.00003104939,0.00028578204,0.000033742406,0.000021262435],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00000738774,0.00006925126,0.00018814178,0.0000661499,0.00011619233,0.00006825731,0.000043410422,0.00042159786,6.9984475e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000039636863,0.000017832674,0.014833197,0.0000114599425,0.000053424385,2.4693549e-7,0.000101320424,0.9804142,0.000030380026,0.000006311058,0.0025481628,0.0019438268],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006247035,0.00036209993,0.65710706,0.00054509635,0.00009181028,0.0000049542937,0.0011973389,0.27832982,0.0047902116,0.00002253602,0.050905183,0.00039685398],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0040572346,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006602836,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.70208436,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00046863253,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00046902243,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6133352},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3144998485","doi":"10.1109/camp.2007.4350376","title":"3D Reconstruction of Dynamic Scenes Dedicated to an Image Sensor of a Visual intracortical stimulator","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Computer vision; Computer science; Artificial intelligence; Stereoscopy; High dynamic range; Image sensor; Iterative reconstruction; Dynamic range; Computer graphics (images)","score_opus":0.003196042967650658,"score_gpt":0.2336676191895138,"score_spread":0.23047157622186312,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3144998485","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9882323,0.000011520793,0.010510634,0.000026071633,0.000120164135,0.00008355383,0.0000084700005,0.00020283314,0.0008044128],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9769319,0.000001928937,0.022948539,0.0000076147417,0.000037144928,0.000001397453,0.000006786022,0.00002044893,0.000044231387],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993129,0.000012562637,0.00029404098,0.00011966998,0.00010947389,0.00015134572],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997019,0.000022589049,0.000024485287,0.00012336907,0.00006433964,0.00006332852],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00004789052,0.000096829724,0.00017216103,0.00011081382,0.000012311985,0.000008654074,0.000050719183,0.000048030684,0.00011874133],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000019814066,0.00009349258,0.000033301847,0.00017923761,0.00006467433,0.00009153161,0.000009535007,0.00006118849,0.000013161658],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000023385277,0.000082730796,0.0022881248,0.00006107366,0.000019030704,0.0000032109663,0.000046667614,0.009097592,0.9623044,0.000078669334,0.00006491944,0.02593019],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00033776162,0.00009068411,0.039372027,0.00003797409,0.000029450337,0.00003216621,0.00012725593,0.7483837,0.21132624,0.000060200426,0.000025532237,0.00017698812],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00012038494,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004280793,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7509782,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000265692,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009898025,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.38125166},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3148031079","doi":"","title":"Cosmic Contemplations: Guide-free, Diffraction-Limited Imaging with EMCCDs","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"COSMIC cancer database; Astronomy; Diffraction; Physics; Optics","score_opus":0.004456640060614788,"score_gpt":0.1784815555969412,"score_spread":0.17402491553632643,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3148031079","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99543846,0.0004539086,0.0015539012,0.0014692489,0.0005639094,0.000051331957,0.000013123003,0.000011748529,0.0004443689],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9974093,0.0000015214207,0.0019622785,0.00009303789,0.00025897752,6.546342e-7,7.140322e-7,0.00001752427,0.00025601135],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99910426,0.000018942055,0.00034588465,0.000045249664,0.00024435561,0.0002412825],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999369,0.00010132296,0.00018040996,0.00014148136,0.000076848046,0.00013093802],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014087638,0.00010979584,0.00019662842,0.0000125033075,0.00007808783,0.00001568871,0.00022186997,0.000022897308,0.00003163916],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000029915203,0.000075872435,0.00016399856,0.00006322184,0.000060156304,0.0001279263,0.00002777223,0.00028678143,3.5714945e-7],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000035400426,0.000041369633,0.24004051,0.000030305671,0.00039012314,4.0820743e-7,0.000226142,0.37552202,0.00050797896,0.000020318683,0.38162366,0.0015617844],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0022849375,0.000038959723,0.77698356,0.0002640224,0.00022537111,0.000036805515,0.0022704352,0.14589864,0.0021678405,0.000024761222,0.06942938,0.00037531304],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.010597808,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0029978298,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.536943,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00038638012,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00020048043,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9959907},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3149795655","doi":"10.48550/arxiv.2104.03411","title":"A New Blind Asteroid Detection Scheme","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"arXiv (Cornell University)","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Los Alamos National Laboratory; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; Planetary Science Division; Science Mission Directorate; Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory; Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; National Central University; Laboratory Directed Research and Development; Space Telescope Science Institute; Queen's University; Johns Hopkins University; Eötvös Loránd Tudományegyetem; U.S. Department of Energy; Queen's University Belfast; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Durham University; Smithsonian Institution; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Asteroid; Scheme (mathematics); Astrobiology; Computer science; Artificial intelligence; Geology; Mathematics; Physics; Mathematical analysis","score_opus":0.035559782434318996,"score_gpt":0.14781713510552105,"score_spread":0.11225735267120206,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3149795655","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.90938926,0.00009093156,0.08329126,0.000018678838,0.00026371857,0.000030701256,0.000001254368,0.000281742,0.006632457],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99409395,0.000042759366,0.00039572155,0.000025808667,0.00007967423,4.8601876e-8,0.0000023020023,0.000016578413,0.0053431406],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99954534,0.00001224898,0.000058106187,0.00019290588,0.000028205384,0.000163185],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996457,0.000014234369,0.000011624892,0.000203804,0.00003127663,0.00009334587],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000022309338,0.00009393689,0.00008086604,0.000061290244,0.000044521574,0.000025440217,0.00008133333,0.000050074752,0.00017528434],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009428009,0.000123182,0.000056856596,0.00039054806,0.000013124255,0.00015254949,0.000028523014,0.00012376822,0.00021893768],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017272797,0.00013419463,0.01206635,0.00018901621,0.00049584755,0.0036773772,0.0008825048,0.5250756,0.39550367,0.0091558965,0.0057469923,0.04689981],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0036304893,0.00005705068,0.0051002298,0.00007489756,0.00012919489,0.00015851349,0.00081818824,0.744762,0.18875182,0.003031387,0.052515324,0.0009708796],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000014840764,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000074679105,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2196864,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000059905204,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000223299,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.50232166},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3150194533","doi":"10.1007/978-1-4614-0481-1_9","title":"CMOS Image Sensor","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Crosslight Software (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Image sensor; CMOS; Electronics; Transient (computer programming); Pixel; Computer science; CMOS sensor; Electronic engineering; Image (mathematics); Computer vision; Electrical engineering; Artificial intelligence; Engineering","score_opus":0.012314944560172517,"score_gpt":0.17797929874066937,"score_spread":0.16566435418049685,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3150194533","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00002428459,0.00024362863,0.00064246665,0.000021640455,0.0006799251,0.000092444796,0.000021258897,0.0010356199,0.99723876],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00084400724,0.00020596896,0.0018872576,0.00008453421,0.00026567074,0.0000018592793,0.000015245273,0.00016942335,0.99652606],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993059,0.0000015636678,0.00018024821,0.0001938327,0.00011182516,0.00020662526],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99949354,0.000014088372,0.00002081199,0.00036411494,0.000030338044,0.00007712342],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00002653776,0.00030666406,0.00025020938,0.000083942185,0.000020346346,0.000026247366,0.00012350721,0.00018719712,0.007959618],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000002805334,0.00029378347,0.00013043659,0.00000932886,0.000045895562,0.00004868359,0.000025471565,0.00030197366,0.005419793],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012065652,0.00001788834,0.0000076108263,0.00052738306,0.0006090391,0.0005412854,0.0005387966,0.000091315174,0.004264592,0.24375977,0.6908993,0.058730952],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009893202,0.000008399872,0.0000069035277,0.00006318762,0.00004642296,0.000034295204,0.0000054759957,0.0002871392,0.0010886992,0.0057358616,0.9920894,0.00053531094],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009562507,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005122596,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.30119008,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000033163884,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000071710047,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999514},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3158928873","doi":"10.1109/iscas51556.2021.9401617","title":"RISC-V Barrel Processor for Deep Neural Network Acceleration","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal; IBM (Canada); Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Thread (computing); Reduced instruction set computing; Instruction set; Network processor; Embedded system; Pipeline (software); Parallel computing; Computer hardware; Operating system","score_opus":0.011008982680542493,"score_gpt":0.21860346152796664,"score_spread":0.20759447884742416,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3158928873","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5320682,0.0030816821,0.3905171,0.0022393551,0.0034967754,0.0007142013,0.000011040656,0.0024865316,0.065385126],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99052334,0.000013188484,0.006765386,0.00027151668,0.00049359305,0.000026852955,0.00002547007,0.000027330629,0.0018533055],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99955153,0.0000045706993,0.000101744365,0.000104738494,0.000053491916,0.00018389201],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99978584,0.000028197146,0.0000073563815,0.00009331639,0.00005067017,0.00003461021],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00003160454,0.00007592559,0.000078829224,0.000010617201,0.000053219756,0.00006559408,0.000043601365,0.000030176232,0.00016340068],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000020895535,0.0000733868,0.000038225575,0.00010879805,0.000005259279,0.00010142622,0.000008549445,0.000055409728,0.000025440864],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009585412,0.000022145423,0.0010459999,0.00016546127,0.000047083067,0.000008964698,0.00025246205,0.8839914,0.006683925,0.0015312757,0.059942152,0.046299506],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00023678305,0.0000073266797,0.0008024351,0.0000064596293,0.000012134105,0.000008945455,0.00006654472,0.96289146,0.0114123775,0.0004402332,0.023971885,0.00014341823],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000012684472,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003634705,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.45845515,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000012697694,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000072770604,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.29926267},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3162809731","doi":"10.1109/iemtronics52119.2021.9422620","title":"A Radiation-Hardened Wide Spectral Response 4T CMOS Image Sensor Pixel Employing a Through-Silicon Via based Photodetector","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"2021 IEEE International IOT, Electronics and Mechatronics Conference (IEMTRONICS)","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University; University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Photodetector; Pixel; CMOS; Dark current; Image sensor; Optoelectronics; Photodiode; Materials science; CMOS sensor; Physics; Optics","score_opus":0.010953764397329003,"score_gpt":0.2439902605850588,"score_spread":0.23303649618772979,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3162809731","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.89512664,0.0056283358,0.092464894,0.0025613406,0.001791248,0.0004978909,0.00018942925,0.0004317786,0.001308441],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98971087,0.0032265496,0.0047816727,0.0004522105,0.00034505522,0.00008665467,0.00017243289,0.00015887071,0.0010656893],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9961387,0.00019972697,0.00074027973,0.0009550229,0.0007065658,0.0012597291],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980236,0.00041485718,0.00018701317,0.0006374126,0.0004857174,0.00025135672],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005153072,0.00066779286,0.0006159753,0.00023996267,0.00024945944,0.00050530134,0.00052337104,0.00027600268,0.0009137806],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00024160552,0.0007815345,0.00032587972,0.0003682325,0.00011271545,0.0004178942,0.000096041775,0.0010477382,0.0001069574],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00049242354,0.000179585,0.00016747568,0.00008833117,0.00064342003,0.000117399904,0.0005834676,0.015408004,0.9643783,0.009647846,0.0009174993,0.007376245],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002738203,0.00022448944,0.00019394515,0.00012596685,0.00014362347,0.00012378983,0.00028721962,0.49321648,0.41714874,0.0041170614,0.08051514,0.0011653545],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005860513,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00033719442,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5472296,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0011482784,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0012537542,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999995},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3176181697","doi":"","title":"Defocused images affect the multi-neuronal firing patterns in the mouse retina-a multielectrode array study","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"PolyU Institutional Research Archive (Hong Kong Polytechnic University)","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Neuroscience; Retina; Multielectrode array; Affect (linguistics); Biology; Physics; Psychology; Communication; Microelectrode","score_opus":0.028494555010906652,"score_gpt":0.26937143839581795,"score_spread":0.2408768833849113,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3176181697","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98691607,0.00008952289,0.0064310557,0.00040834871,0.000116056675,0.001188705,0.00007604475,0.00023406438,0.0045401505],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998581,0.00007821035,0.00031421307,0.000035351324,0.00007234741,0.000012584773,0.00002105392,0.000032914064,0.0008523262],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9969522,0.00064478134,0.00020659156,0.0004609271,0.0008788078,0.00085674145],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99828523,0.0008501259,0.00003520053,0.0006577379,0.000066147324,0.000105551924],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010105058,0.0002695047,0.00021270657,0.00080584036,0.00061691797,0.00011984792,0.0012840718,0.000060951723,0.000037075948],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018896449,0.00020525517,0.00013340359,0.0010526204,0.00047810157,0.00029795163,0.0002424184,0.0016502002,0.00010344771],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00066480815,0.0019825136,0.4049864,0.0002731965,0.00043394067,0.0012694355,0.007996646,0.060946688,0.50067955,0.011512678,0.002082116,0.0071720337],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00562491,0.0006901921,0.89934444,0.00033513436,0.00007137303,0.00012840849,0.007974982,0.02932541,0.04010874,0.00029793812,0.014847739,0.001250721],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00081383344,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012957763,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.49435803,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00034995397,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00016596238,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8370063},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3209115951","doi":"10.32920/ryerson.14654973.v1","title":"Window Memoization In Software As Applied To Image Processing Algorithms","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Memoization; Computer science; Algorithm; Cache; Window (computing); Redundancy (engineering); Cache algorithms; Parallel computing; CPU cache; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.007356879117321371,"score_gpt":0.23054382395195042,"score_spread":0.22318694483462906,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3209115951","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.25713345,0.0005859628,0.69221073,0.0003243645,0.0010938814,0.0010624952,0.000015881593,0.0026433656,0.044929832],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8276661,0.00003991398,0.17056547,0.0003079545,0.00025297908,0.0001116427,0.00020665085,0.00015201043,0.00069725316],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99877805,0.0000105664785,0.000287577,0.0004243361,0.00021203258,0.0002874377],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99948865,0.000016757991,0.000027614886,0.00031133578,0.00006956253,0.00008607481],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008975656,0.00028587034,0.00031932097,0.00020013434,0.000029188037,0.00027731757,0.00018745508,0.00018298754,0.00014373039],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000047331156,0.00032083472,0.00005273508,0.00031683242,0.000013354195,0.00008853081,0.00021678141,0.00046518125,0.000073053874],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007659089,0.000058309244,0.00033175637,0.0014701602,0.000046821737,0.00010154257,0.0048845997,0.70551527,0.013047373,0.000035142475,0.0009491274,0.2735522],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002465743,0.00003740659,0.013211386,0.00435996,0.0001840446,0.00009150335,0.007900474,0.69191337,0.2648053,0.0030895649,0.0056131845,0.0063280812],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008149891,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000053139385,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5705327,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015733422,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008249134,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99992436},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3210333738","doi":"10.17632/cp3473x7xv.1","title":"LG 18650HG2 Li-ion Battery Data for FNN xEV SOC Estimator","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS)","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Estimator; Battery (electricity); Computer science; Mathematics; Statistics; Physics; Power (physics); Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.03665873956672887,"score_gpt":0.24480903520748468,"score_spread":0.20815029564075582,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3210333738","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8426231,0.0030624135,0.13863854,0.001500659,0.0011569145,0.0007033025,0.009775701,0.0011556385,0.0013837153],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9824544,0.0003593587,0.008788693,0.0004084094,0.00083319633,0.000007576054,0.007047327,0.00008234332,0.000018655313],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986549,0.00003385979,0.0003063401,0.00051701267,0.0001376442,0.00035024146],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99826145,0.00026818685,0.000064154505,0.001233816,0.000013612264,0.00015876003],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022023052,0.000229938,0.00030395557,0.000039164755,0.00012882115,0.00009030682,0.0014610735,0.00004599445,0.000008900991],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000021692187,0.00022169761,0.00003116416,0.00014801412,0.00005301408,0.0004496565,0.0008251999,0.00017896105,0.0000091304555],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008396456,0.00031388557,0.051556375,0.026070101,0.0019257602,0.00013307486,0.027915755,0.23793118,0.06307562,0.0006137143,0.2094963,0.3801286],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00031108773,0.00002472259,0.0022555066,0.00026002617,0.00007905608,0.000009494819,0.00029228773,0.9675598,0.00017840212,0.00007080502,0.028706556,0.0002522482],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000064778185,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009026758,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7296286,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000006026015,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013069255,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9040566},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3214122631","doi":"10.32920/ryerson.14648928.v1","title":"Architecture and implementation of a high frame-rate stereo vision system","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Ontario Centres of Excellence; CMC Microsystems","keywords":"Frame rate; Computer science; Field-programmable gate array; Frame (networking); Stereopsis; Software; Process (computing); Flexibility (engineering); Artificial intelligence; Computer vision; Implementation; Computer stereo vision; Machine vision; Stereo cameras; Computer hardware; Real-time computing; Mathematics","score_opus":0.004197481505393056,"score_gpt":0.23546906267858247,"score_spread":0.2312715811731894,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3214122631","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98165566,0.00033251304,0.016480668,0.00006267054,0.00041380568,0.0001874158,0.000037623882,0.00022270296,0.00060695736],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99612737,0.000051751194,0.0035944523,0.000015075747,0.00005275523,0.000009242388,0.00006844411,0.000028544391,0.000052340274],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992926,0.000031596337,0.00024505935,0.00020706386,0.00010430642,0.000119339784],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99960357,0.000026284462,0.000049099777,0.00024725308,0.000037087135,0.00003671805],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007764851,0.00016896155,0.00026594274,0.00008151738,0.000015019018,0.000075799755,0.00006798236,0.00010686836,0.00006469959],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000002536123,0.00015602185,0.000050681065,0.000053022683,0.0000134706615,0.000028246606,0.00014217201,0.00024993517,0.000001602368],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005183476,0.00008398013,0.004670985,0.047936387,0.0016965902,0.00014866007,0.027045814,0.36552104,0.13204263,0.0045595826,0.0027986423,0.41344386],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0056942734,0.00036217982,0.19171591,0.012536698,0.0011350207,0.00030624916,0.07099999,0.24954607,0.4559797,0.00292104,0.0038026543,0.005000213],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00046855098,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000118610995,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.40844363,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003747163,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015722304,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.63623863},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W344317458","doi":"10.5220/0001536800460051","title":"AN ASYNCHRONOUS PROGRAMMABLE PARALLEL 2-D IMAGE FILTER CMOS IC BASED ON THE GILBERT VECTOR MULTIPLIER","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Multiplier (economics); Computer science; Asynchronous communication; CMOS; Filter (signal processing); Computer hardware; Electronic engineering; Computer vision; Engineering; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.007033279208426797,"score_gpt":0.21084785580338136,"score_spread":0.20381457659495456,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W344317458","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.61982805,0.00015730601,0.098409146,0.008185426,0.0007946856,0.0022560076,0.000026245401,0.0051407274,0.2652024],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9849847,0.000002776608,0.0128552485,0.001004362,0.00012286892,0.000026562544,0.000012768308,0.00003919377,0.00095152995],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990539,0.0000263281,0.00014850771,0.00021388485,0.00016137294,0.00039598776],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992916,0.000060509683,0.000014559373,0.000515345,0.000023270015,0.00009471016],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000095054485,0.00021177075,0.0001391996,0.000042724438,0.000096530195,0.00013441728,0.00021003213,0.000052242398,0.00063362357],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000015981968,0.00014187806,0.00007668652,0.00012520043,0.000034647663,0.00012561756,0.0000058467085,0.00019124088,0.00029936788],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00026102504,0.0019394177,0.0013995622,0.00014724498,0.00018963404,0.0001965837,0.001625357,0.39064044,0.22597589,0.004602715,0.11575668,0.25726545],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007206794,0.00025953338,0.005955459,0.00002622967,0.000016473721,0.0000056824338,0.00005910377,0.95995146,0.014789937,0.00010473813,0.017683497,0.0004271957],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000027318445,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000013578234,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.569311,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000048583428,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011929304,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6937734},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4200114092","doi":"10.1145/3495535.3495538","title":"Redline Atomic-Oxygen-Airglow Image Restoration for the VIOLET CubeSat Mission","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"Canadian Space Agency; New Brunswick Innovation Foundation","keywords":"Airglow; CubeSat; Atomic oxygen; Remote sensing; Oxygen; Environmental science; Astrobiology; Computer science; Astronomy; Physics; Geology; Satellite","score_opus":0.011168965959794282,"score_gpt":0.2372060109829832,"score_spread":0.22603704502318892,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4200114092","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.68632084,0.0018826018,0.28340593,0.011982727,0.0021677418,0.0006393311,0.000062293555,0.0013363148,0.012202253],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9768691,0.00027132852,0.0117678195,0.00056834257,0.00058413687,0.00001771264,0.00014374482,0.00006726338,0.009710539],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99947834,0.000012486468,0.00013953142,0.00012845693,0.00008660897,0.00015457634],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995488,0.00007518934,0.00001220658,0.00025829425,0.00006673396,0.00003877709],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009491486,0.00009733005,0.00008906516,0.000019807248,0.00008939976,0.00005999042,0.00007732516,0.000040270857,0.00013887914],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000053871805,0.0000702111,0.00006432095,0.000106801286,0.000015401918,0.00009006426,0.00001708737,0.00008079748,0.00004850529],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000019867997,0.00002603144,0.000064904016,0.0000705286,0.000042467575,0.000012440093,0.00028332844,0.005673377,0.8328416,0.00084440823,0.14153996,0.01858112],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00043477735,0.000010654934,0.00064035587,0.00003279201,0.00002682922,0.000018740187,0.0002778071,0.4021007,0.24275175,0.0003331377,0.35318565,0.00018679809],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007746463,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000015669275,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5900898,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000037575915,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000018084926,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.28631255},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4200561385","doi":"10.18280/ria.350610","title":"Optimization of the Convolution Operation to Accelerate Deep Neural Networks in FPGA","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Revue d intelligence artificielle","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Loop unrolling; Computer science; Convolution (computer science); Field-programmable gate array; Computation; Convolutional neural network; Parallel computing; Gate array; Speedup; MATLAB; Artificial neural network; Pixel; Deep learning; Artificial intelligence; Process (computing); Computer hardware; Algorithm; Compiler","score_opus":0.021389463567768024,"score_gpt":0.23320172562348201,"score_spread":0.211812262055714,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4200561385","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.22831722,0.0003648662,0.7690746,0.0004716681,0.00064150494,0.00017969754,0.0000014879898,0.000053585292,0.00089532987],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99892354,0.0000546723,0.00071319845,0.0000909081,0.00004654767,0.000008093009,0.00000679612,0.0000131779525,0.0001430955],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993437,0.00003615295,0.00026697392,0.0001344664,0.00006648092,0.00015220391],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996315,0.00002968709,0.000022817569,0.00021932798,0.00006877516,0.000027881742],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009381508,0.000078866105,0.000101847545,0.000040491905,0.00004371366,0.00003321837,0.00010988589,0.00004080475,0.00010653467],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000049784292,0.000073784664,0.00003839381,0.00052000367,0.000020204701,0.000090484966,0.000031538806,0.00011228289,0.000015049347],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000264821,0.000014684995,0.00032088172,0.0000146580915,0.0000026183377,0.0000017474,0.0005070867,0.9854027,0.005593067,0.0001465218,0.000053237185,0.007940132],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001795339,0.0000062238664,0.00023424195,0.0000337649,0.0000033274723,0.00000492597,0.00028187447,0.8924289,0.10677766,0.000018558874,0.000120163466,0.00007240489],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000013723177,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007981374,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7706063,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004379482,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008301446,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3008851},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4212995817","doi":"10.5772/20194","title":"CMOS Photodetectors","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"InTech eBooks","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Photodetector; CMOS; Optoelectronics; Materials science; Computer science","score_opus":0.017115130837242122,"score_gpt":0.19352803240726957,"score_spread":0.17641290157002745,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4212995817","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00032412945,0.0002774634,0.0006200425,0.0000026996045,0.0012664717,0.0001849953,0.000025879275,0.0013118398,0.99598646],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.18845664,0.00003559843,0.0001463217,0.000066102315,0.00024330753,0.000015547217,0.0000063516977,0.00025524982,0.81077486],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990333,0.0000028267918,0.00026961754,0.0002618412,0.00016012401,0.00027229087],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999306,0.000020328653,0.000045282413,0.000495987,0.000040164825,0.000092216964],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00004491106,0.00041811887,0.00033040764,0.00017544546,0.000032051852,0.00002880899,0.0002749667,0.00034587432,0.0009791467],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000005604139,0.00043081213,0.0001961782,0.000006968004,0.00009675883,0.000019704383,0.000051649804,0.0006646441,0.00102989],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007594369,0.000025481042,0.000010400344,0.0010664589,0.0018220296,0.0009453891,0.0036640065,0.000020986998,0.27183387,0.040273447,0.03885189,0.6414101],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000983817,0.000024851784,9.138033e-7,0.0002660848,0.000048996924,0.000036151,0.0000052038586,0.000030369514,0.20887445,0.01622505,0.77382874,0.0005607817],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000019217496,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000019025476,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7349769,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008502128,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000018444673,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999341},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4214711046","doi":"10.1093/acrefore/9780190236557.013.892","title":"Psychophysical Methods","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"reference-entry","venue":"Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Psychology","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Psychophysics; Neurophysiology; Sensory system; Stimulus modality; Psychology; Modalities; Cognitive science; Computer science; Neuroscience; Perception","score_opus":0.06940509744055363,"score_gpt":0.4450811093139622,"score_spread":0.3756760118734086,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4214711046","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0008117973,0.0077869697,0.00076839223,0.00035934048,0.0067449026,0.00042625607,0.0001993908,0.00025482633,0.98264813],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00023641698,0.8706282,0.011470472,0.000110402194,0.0022993542,0.00037889273,0.0003893782,0.0003214483,0.11416548],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9951024,0.0010917181,0.0007280582,0.00080442877,0.0010437366,0.0012296301],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99726176,0.00086336734,0.00010417327,0.0013303339,0.00017876344,0.00026160022],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0014516475,0.00048198935,0.00097035355,0.0010493969,0.0001590694,0.000026918195,0.0013595871,0.00059426425,0.0047595897],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00024300086,0.00048436696,0.0003321912,0.0011939832,0.00048542704,0.00007591852,0.00032528475,0.0044737933,0.00010845034],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000029767256,0.000108158,0.0000360159,0.00029898665,0.0001168672,0.000031336596,0.00013640463,0.000021136975,0.000026421574,0.00025183026,0.5364876,0.4624555],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004240513,0.00023332209,0.00032453402,0.00008634912,0.00003230129,0.000028600947,0.000086594904,0.00013257582,0.000016842072,0.0040019057,0.99422425,0.00040868734],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000028326815,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000074677223,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.86848265,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017367417,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001837541,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997608},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4221116781","doi":"10.1117/12.2613306","title":"Investigation of position linearity in position-sensitive microstrip amorphous selenium-based detector","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Medical Imaging 2022: Physics of Medical Imaging","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Detector; Materials science; Resistive touchscreen; Optoelectronics; Photon; Electrode; Optics; Linearity; Microstrip; Image resolution; Collimated light; Amorphous solid; Physics; Electrical engineering; Chemistry","score_opus":0.006499721391412407,"score_gpt":0.22563230642987436,"score_spread":0.21913258503846195,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4221116781","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9522552,0.0008342666,0.036342513,0.008419019,0.0010895183,0.0003463779,0.00015094546,0.0003542969,0.00020785027],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972225,0.00003245262,0.00077601615,0.0013716304,0.00026161195,0.000033234766,0.00022482924,0.00007307128,0.000004693111],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9953007,0.0003008014,0.00086791243,0.0004259909,0.0025744394,0.0005301387],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99850655,0.0004367388,0.00019466502,0.0003329233,0.00015744404,0.00037168124],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0013310782,0.00031509553,0.0005561314,0.00029850795,0.00013925173,0.00003184732,0.0005103351,0.00008587883,0.0003324613],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00041861445,0.00036598512,0.00018426667,0.0009909202,0.000614059,0.0002377721,0.00023276116,0.0014858947,0.0000058463834],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00023777681,0.0009893382,0.089663,0.0016125329,0.00023568586,0.0016866192,0.0041147587,0.017982837,0.7027382,0.0008830616,0.01028453,0.16957161],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0018915258,0.00002655777,0.004544164,0.00053591485,0.00005397536,0.0000960651,0.00049830787,0.85396326,0.13718061,0.0006587339,0.0001569889,0.0003938773],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00057895,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000014848432,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8359804,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00030469883,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00041848124,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998792},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4224272151","doi":"10.1109/vrw55335.2022.00201","title":"Splitting Large Convolutional Neural Network Layers to Run Real-Time Applications on Mixed-Reality Hardware: Extended Abstract","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"2022 IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces Abstracts and Workshops (VRW)","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Computer science; Convolutional neural network; Frame rate; Convolution (computer science); Frame (networking); Overhead (engineering); Graph; Convolutional code; Parallel computing; Algorithm; Real-time computing; Computer engineering; Artificial neural network; Artificial intelligence; Theoretical computer science; Decoding methods; Operating system; Computer network","score_opus":0.026382729704023885,"score_gpt":0.2702927637904058,"score_spread":0.2439100340863819,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4224272151","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9890388,0.00014779328,0.00046433028,0.0014632387,0.00070622406,0.000600098,0.00090128335,0.0003753629,0.006302848],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976699,0.0002851854,0.00007390752,0.00046487397,0.00026406412,0.00014921317,0.00017275567,0.000052349547,0.0008677959],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99727714,0.000119011114,0.0006373064,0.000750074,0.0004942696,0.00072222674],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985288,0.0003906147,0.00015315205,0.00047094334,0.00007597458,0.00038050755],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007736488,0.0004568923,0.00047073793,0.000111809575,0.0007300556,0.0002830038,0.00033397155,0.00014007802,0.0005393796],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000045809487,0.0004729947,0.00008865552,0.0002839075,0.00012896094,0.0002011632,0.00017781236,0.0010095914,0.00005149841],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00073532196,0.00065470656,0.00053539383,0.00016992986,0.00031269438,0.000060923066,0.0020768305,0.82067156,0.00835994,0.014905913,0.058817815,0.09269897],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0058359993,0.0026479892,0.35328233,0.0013132355,0.0004392354,0.00018884943,0.015781384,0.35552752,0.004891729,0.0040858816,0.24951889,0.0064869486],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00024684597,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00020084488,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.46514404,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014327726,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005250775,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997722},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4229626389","doi":"10.1149/ma2008-02/27/2029","title":"CMOS Camera-on-Chip Image Sensor for Biomedical Applications","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ECS Meeting Abstracts","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University Medical Centre; University of Toronto; McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Image sensor; CMOS; Chip; Computer science; CMOS sensor; Artificial intelligence; Embedded system; Computer vision; Computer hardware; Electronic engineering; Engineering; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.013890479963029775,"score_gpt":0.238355033316035,"score_spread":0.22446455335300522,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4229626389","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8791489,0.00013016765,0.0011237158,0.0006577791,0.0006539375,0.0005591547,0.00007556226,0.0011787765,0.11647199],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.985722,0.000023748324,0.01278799,0.00012672826,0.0006416558,0.000092073205,0.000036682733,0.00006751654,0.0005016115],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99888575,0.000009796672,0.00029172798,0.00023811069,0.00019281147,0.00038180393],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991941,0.00028696493,0.00004758851,0.00026363027,0.00004725791,0.00016045876],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001566059,0.00018188433,0.00017278925,0.00008858777,0.00020636941,0.000029696113,0.00013641814,0.00008292421,0.000015651025],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016214038,0.0001867668,0.000084273204,0.00014339174,0.00009506438,0.000053726435,0.000011428799,0.00021926634,0.00031087612],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005045972,0.00050290284,0.00065784814,0.0005678525,0.00019614979,0.00019662261,0.0021608607,0.15192759,0.67241395,0.000092830465,0.16159867,0.009634234],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0018333847,0.00012058162,0.008375588,0.00024202379,0.00007169855,0.00032046594,0.0003991339,0.030252036,0.2825974,0.00039601992,0.6740837,0.0013079839],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000017931563,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001175894,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.512485,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000043303276,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000022584984,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.76161295},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4230706252","doi":"10.32920/ryerson.14645553","title":"Design and Build of an Anthropomorphic Active Vision System","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Computer vision; Artificial intelligence; Computer science; Vergence (optics); Inertial measurement unit; Convolutional neural network; Machine vision; Human visual system model; Kalman filter; Systems design; Human–computer interaction; Image (mathematics)","score_opus":0.012001695547331116,"score_gpt":0.241171244543613,"score_spread":0.2291695489962819,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4230706252","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8721353,0.0006947548,0.12353256,0.00002139368,0.00058288046,0.00027234858,0.0000129801065,0.00045512733,0.00229267],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9859284,0.00012414207,0.013802591,0.0000040845857,0.000041778883,0.000006065698,0.00001960503,0.000038116625,0.000035180914],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99924135,0.000057359473,0.00019154557,0.00025547863,0.0001279657,0.00012629037],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99944836,0.000041854357,0.000040029412,0.00033683452,0.00007252977,0.000060420374],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000099817444,0.00018837258,0.0003310085,0.00007387054,0.000023665067,0.000056506782,0.00009965337,0.0001540769,0.000037892114],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000066012353,0.00018106884,0.000036970312,0.000066793174,0.000051268828,0.000076198936,0.00012172104,0.00025948565,0.0000019074348],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007728901,0.00019202246,0.00013123939,0.008664731,0.0007040683,0.00028884786,0.005381118,0.7631006,0.15055148,0.00058953837,0.00089001807,0.06942904],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00024813166,0.00005654627,0.0007747078,0.0010734601,0.000074461124,0.00006209737,0.0029980561,0.8065716,0.1876348,0.000036249523,0.000062278246,0.00040758526],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00013433871,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006445047,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.11379316,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000051685194,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000027907778,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7383773},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4232230958","doi":"10.32920/ryerson.14654973","title":"Window Memoization In Software As Applied To Image Processing Algorithms","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Memoization; Computer science; Algorithm; Cache; Window (computing); Cache algorithms; Redundancy (engineering); Parallel computing; CPU cache; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.007356879117321371,"score_gpt":0.23054382395195042,"score_spread":0.22318694483462906,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4232230958","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.25713345,0.0005859628,0.69221073,0.0003243645,0.0010938814,0.0010624952,0.000015881593,0.0026433656,0.044929832],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8276661,0.00003991398,0.17056547,0.0003079545,0.00025297908,0.0001116427,0.00020665085,0.00015201043,0.00069725316],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99877805,0.0000105664785,0.000287577,0.0004243361,0.00021203258,0.0002874377],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99948865,0.000016757991,0.000027614886,0.00031133578,0.00006956253,0.00008607481],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008975656,0.00028587034,0.00031932097,0.00020013434,0.000029188037,0.00027731757,0.00018745508,0.00018298754,0.00014373039],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000047331156,0.00032083472,0.00005273508,0.00031683242,0.000013354195,0.00008853081,0.00021678141,0.00046518125,0.000073053874],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007659089,0.000058309244,0.00033175637,0.0014701602,0.000046821737,0.00010154257,0.0048845997,0.70551527,0.013047373,0.000035142475,0.0009491274,0.2735522],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002465743,0.00003740659,0.013211386,0.00435996,0.0001840446,0.00009150335,0.007900474,0.69191337,0.2648053,0.0030895649,0.0056131845,0.0063280812],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008149891,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000053139385,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5705327,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015733422,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008249134,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99992436},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4234965782","doi":"10.32920/ryerson.14668209.v1","title":"A framework and method for the run-time on-chip synthesis of multi-mode self-organized reconfigurable stream processors","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; CMC Microsystems","keywords":"Computer science; Bottleneck; Macro; Embedded system; Field-programmable gate array; Software deployment; Distributed computing; Computer architecture; Operating system","score_opus":0.01590740999343008,"score_gpt":0.2737996530936702,"score_spread":0.2578922431002401,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4234965782","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.4526877,0.0061749606,0.50903535,0.0029354072,0.0021264835,0.0058342153,0.0007193422,0.004069712,0.016416855],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.44724286,0.0007142691,0.55026025,0.00011772324,0.00014070417,0.0003216775,0.000020337826,0.00020420336,0.000977967],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985784,0.000068091234,0.00039541523,0.00047680121,0.00016934215,0.00031193453],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9963828,0.0026425517,0.00010920524,0.0006538219,0.00013575431,0.00007590627],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003663482,0.00040518562,0.0007077555,0.00009176411,0.000084143365,0.00012976686,0.00032421493,0.0003629779,0.00021609764],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00073530513,0.00030469126,0.00019086251,0.00015299938,0.000034156823,0.000041628216,0.00008425248,0.0006063418,0.000007203433],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00045251657,0.0016433588,0.0005902936,0.025697099,0.013411969,0.000033916345,0.03327799,0.5748931,0.07788751,0.0022444217,0.007810489,0.2620573],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00044235174,0.000024181398,0.00017109014,0.0011422108,0.0005477096,0.000010805528,0.0010862616,0.67397964,0.32032338,0.0009930722,0.0006087917,0.0006704767],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00015112686,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000024067082,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.26138684,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000051261373,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000077076795,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999405},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4235196199","doi":"10.32920/ryerson.14653755","title":"CMOS Digital Pixel Sensors With In-Pixel Analog-To-Digital Conversion","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Pixel; CMOS; Dynamic range; Electronic engineering; Image sensor; Computer science; Pulse-frequency modulation; Modulation (music); CMOS sensor; Dot pitch; Pulse-width modulation; Computer hardware; Voltage; Pulse (music); Artificial intelligence; Computer vision; Engineering; Electrical engineering; Pulse-amplitude modulation; Physics; Acoustics","score_opus":0.005595671158306917,"score_gpt":0.18416341790587112,"score_spread":0.1785677467475642,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4235196199","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9554576,0.00012600831,0.004064744,0.00016343844,0.00072244985,0.0003143484,0.000096650976,0.0007054177,0.038349327],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9957058,0.000027651908,0.0009351668,0.00009713317,0.00010912034,0.0000135688715,0.0002507529,0.00011333254,0.00274751],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9980722,0.000011783889,0.00037295112,0.0006668153,0.00036149393,0.0005147286],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989354,0.000059340306,0.00004223144,0.0006400993,0.00009243668,0.00023046813],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00005273501,0.0005291675,0.0005437813,0.00031345765,0.000035838555,0.0007707923,0.0002927039,0.00023829736,0.00012739528],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000040063653,0.0004978139,0.00015444364,0.000362534,0.000055827644,0.00036319988,0.00039413825,0.0007461828,0.00021486296],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00027571627,0.0006303123,0.06953525,0.0028394735,0.0014732367,0.0027515558,0.008905129,0.8408071,0.0050620507,0.00021485926,0.01890856,0.04859679],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.012597408,0.0009732297,0.063062616,0.010772977,0.0006576205,0.0018796183,0.0426481,0.62023574,0.028076954,0.0009114488,0.19491933,0.023264972],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004571845,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000042059684,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.22057135,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020733841,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008127408,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99974734},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4235935334","doi":"10.1109/mwscas.2000.951646","title":"CMOS front-end amplifier dedicated to monitor very low amplitude signal from implantable sensors","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Chopper; Electrical engineering; Amplifier; Input offset voltage; Bandwidth (computing); CMOS; Front and back ends; Low voltage; Low-noise amplifier; Electronic engineering; Analog front-end; Dynamic range; Operational amplifier; Engineering; Computer science; Voltage; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.01029359751080719,"score_gpt":0.19811660520184088,"score_spread":0.1878230076910337,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4235935334","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.970222,0.00029127975,0.006665028,0.00016645544,0.00095654203,0.00022671561,0.0001491495,0.0011871897,0.020135645],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9913377,0.000039213253,0.0027026546,0.000333251,0.00042054604,0.000016853168,0.000038272752,0.00007641093,0.005035057],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99846005,0.0000210575,0.0002944288,0.0003549526,0.00027904272,0.00059046777],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991454,0.000104025115,0.000021023852,0.0003791928,0.00003431714,0.00031602857],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00005446612,0.00029350913,0.00030294122,0.000113116614,0.00008653859,0.00012276685,0.00022685187,0.00011565927,0.0062504164],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000148844465,0.00028509498,0.000083571664,0.00017713652,0.000031343632,0.00015784413,0.00004326616,0.000237048,0.004241386],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005279441,0.00018907961,0.0034283795,0.00006982861,0.00042966803,0.00014410145,0.0019333151,0.04528961,0.18493117,0.000038683847,0.7217849,0.04170846],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00347553,0.00017017295,0.017753307,0.00034685733,0.00025810045,0.00013802307,0.0014592134,0.3826638,0.31679347,0.0004897987,0.27254254,0.003909207],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008915802,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005521399,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.44924235,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009652917,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000047547464,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999601},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4236518274","doi":"10.32920/ryerson.14645022","title":"A CMOS voltage-mode image sensing system","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"CMOS; Image sensor; Electronic engineering; Pixel; CMOS sensor; Correlated double sampling; Electronic circuit; SIGNAL (programming language); Noise (video); Electrical engineering; Computer science; Voltage; Engineering; Image (mathematics); Artificial intelligence; Amplifier","score_opus":0.0069367153362149105,"score_gpt":0.21885694109113638,"score_spread":0.21192022575492148,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4236518274","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.42835712,0.0012831581,0.38904056,0.00012729078,0.008468245,0.0005394225,0.000062442334,0.007709651,0.16441213],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98309976,0.000035670426,0.014596424,0.000047101017,0.00039734217,0.0000054697316,0.00006802176,0.00013157031,0.0016186545],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986212,0.000025740972,0.0003340211,0.00043360397,0.00021926862,0.00036612945],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989798,0.000034162716,0.000038837345,0.0007502975,0.00009319281,0.00010370662],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009420452,0.00038091766,0.0004684451,0.000101846534,0.000047055237,0.00035111854,0.00017820633,0.00023147177,0.00007147567],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000019761199,0.0004029248,0.00021319644,0.0001081755,0.000026958023,0.00007172568,0.00028819244,0.00070428645,0.00012212188],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016407597,0.00008805922,0.00021115149,0.024691984,0.0017661321,0.0049494333,0.0073045846,0.4371521,0.40078574,0.0012349405,0.06972828,0.05207121],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002039764,0.0000029528671,0.00007826698,0.0013305307,0.00010532424,0.00019138154,0.0021939338,0.96349084,0.028788641,0.000047663052,0.002662688,0.00090377335],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00034810734,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000051648134,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.55474263,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023840753,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000049007933,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998423},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4237546745","doi":"10.1119/1.880547","title":"Seeing infrared","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Physics Teacher","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Oscilloscope; Infrared; Photoresistor; Remote sensing; Optics; Physics; Geology; Detector","score_opus":0.007296751688902344,"score_gpt":0.1906061322868993,"score_spread":0.18330938059799695,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4237546745","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.71821713,0.00011502057,0.00031636763,0.000095876254,0.00006759671,0.000041555533,0.0000011084479,0.00038567118,0.28075963],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9883975,0.000012337945,0.00007260199,0.000086151944,0.0002694213,0.0000032977769,0.0000016950379,0.000025629291,0.011131384],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99968547,0.0000109061175,0.00005346582,0.000054149466,0.0000623469,0.00013366752],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99976075,0.000011685713,0.000004258241,0.00020083091,0.0000040615237,0.000018427108],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000038111222,0.00007184211,0.00005633105,0.000004755162,0.000043961787,0.000021635957,0.00010507367,0.000014682529,0.00043140445],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000014092379,0.000053732925,0.00003336787,0.00007773144,0.000022522583,0.000056028926,0.0000065714494,0.00013984145,0.0005403421],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000073451065,0.000067827015,0.0008126965,0.00002486248,0.00013282351,0.0000055503488,0.011273934,0.0917384,0.010130162,0.0017055033,0.05267055,0.8314303],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00081096764,0.000021210055,0.008236276,0.000063939144,0.000096063464,0.00001582275,0.0004859749,0.34121245,0.022290926,0.03968095,0.5860711,0.0010143737],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007955166,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.887477e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.83041596,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000014015342,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000022900822,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.69451845},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4237782444","doi":"10.32920/ryerson.14645553.v1","title":"Design and Build of an Anthropomorphic Active Vision System","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Computer vision; Artificial intelligence; Computer science; Inertial measurement unit; Vergence (optics); Convolutional neural network; Human visual system model; Machine vision; Systems design; Kalman filter; Active vision; Human–computer interaction; Image (mathematics)","score_opus":0.012001695547331116,"score_gpt":0.241171244543613,"score_spread":0.2291695489962819,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4237782444","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8721353,0.0006947548,0.12353256,0.00002139368,0.00058288046,0.00027234858,0.0000129801065,0.00045512733,0.00229267],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9859284,0.00012414207,0.013802591,0.0000040845857,0.000041778883,0.000006065698,0.00001960503,0.000038116625,0.000035180914],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99924135,0.000057359473,0.00019154557,0.00025547863,0.0001279657,0.00012629037],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99944836,0.000041854357,0.000040029412,0.00033683452,0.00007252977,0.000060420374],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000099817444,0.00018837258,0.0003310085,0.00007387054,0.000023665067,0.000056506782,0.00009965337,0.0001540769,0.000037892114],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000066012353,0.00018106884,0.000036970312,0.000066793174,0.000051268828,0.000076198936,0.00012172104,0.00025948565,0.0000019074348],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007728901,0.00019202246,0.00013123939,0.008664731,0.0007040683,0.00028884786,0.005381118,0.7631006,0.15055148,0.00058953837,0.00089001807,0.06942904],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00024813166,0.00005654627,0.0007747078,0.0010734601,0.000074461124,0.00006209737,0.0029980561,0.8065716,0.1876348,0.000036249523,0.000062278246,0.00040758526],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00013433871,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006445047,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.11379316,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000051685194,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000027907778,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7383773},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4239267034","doi":"10.1063/1.2405593","title":"Focus on Photonics and Imaging","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physics Today","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Focus (optics); Photonics; Optics; Materials science; Optoelectronics; Physics","score_opus":0.005098751172842515,"score_gpt":0.19842036953894865,"score_spread":0.19332161836610615,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4239267034","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.87263614,0.0010971486,0.003095561,0.0014408521,0.0003954627,0.00014082376,0.000012441612,0.0008586002,0.120322965],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99874806,0.000046138106,0.0007103794,0.0001613732,0.00020136646,0.000002737795,0.0000013226751,0.00002655795,0.000102061764],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99961257,0.0000036857289,0.000061649545,0.00009939524,0.000069295216,0.00015342592],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997953,0.000021781932,0.000007644301,0.0001290666,0.000007903993,0.000038306927],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00002596475,0.00009342975,0.000076414326,0.000015841944,0.000032480817,0.000029805073,0.00004479224,0.000011330062,0.000011488425],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000027101255,0.00009481644,0.000023598885,0.000052813797,0.000017625753,0.000087846616,0.000011951002,0.00010127357,0.000089122186],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000063815774,0.000065508364,0.001005918,0.000039576524,0.000040895797,0.000009563189,0.0013920004,0.03578747,0.028143285,0.01435755,0.008994795,0.9101571],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006898407,0.00001849052,0.0013704647,0.00006493858,0.0000278337,0.000012636511,0.0000674164,0.68461835,0.20042318,0.012175845,0.09992319,0.00060778286],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000045217807,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000016576624,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9095493,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000025809106,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000028560187,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3866502},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4239646388","doi":"10.32920/ryerson.14668209","title":"A framework and method for the run-time on-chip synthesis of multi-mode self-organized reconfigurable stream processors","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; CMC Microsystems","keywords":"Computer science; Bottleneck; Embedded system; Macro; Field-programmable gate array; Software deployment; Distributed computing; Computer architecture; Operating system","score_opus":0.01590740999343008,"score_gpt":0.2737996530936702,"score_spread":0.2578922431002401,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4239646388","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.4526877,0.0061749606,0.50903535,0.0029354072,0.0021264835,0.0058342153,0.0007193422,0.004069712,0.016416855],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.44724286,0.0007142691,0.55026025,0.00011772324,0.00014070417,0.0003216775,0.000020337826,0.00020420336,0.000977967],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985784,0.000068091234,0.00039541523,0.00047680121,0.00016934215,0.00031193453],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9963828,0.0026425517,0.00010920524,0.0006538219,0.00013575431,0.00007590627],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003663482,0.00040518562,0.0007077555,0.00009176411,0.000084143365,0.00012976686,0.00032421493,0.0003629779,0.00021609764],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00073530513,0.00030469126,0.00019086251,0.00015299938,0.000034156823,0.000041628216,0.00008425248,0.0006063418,0.000007203433],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00045251657,0.0016433588,0.0005902936,0.025697099,0.013411969,0.000033916345,0.03327799,0.5748931,0.07788751,0.0022444217,0.007810489,0.2620573],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00044235174,0.000024181398,0.00017109014,0.0011422108,0.0005477096,0.000010805528,0.0010862616,0.67397964,0.32032338,0.0009930722,0.0006087917,0.0006704767],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00015112686,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000024067082,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.26138684,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000051261373,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000077076795,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999405},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4242863309","doi":"10.32920/ryerson.14648928","title":"Architecture and implementation of a high frame-rate stereo vision system","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Ontario Centres of Excellence; CMC Microsystems","keywords":"Frame rate; Computer science; Field-programmable gate array; Frame (networking); Stereopsis; Software; Process (computing); Flexibility (engineering); Artificial intelligence; Computer vision; Implementation; Computer stereo vision; Machine vision; Computer hardware; Real-time computing; Mathematics","score_opus":0.004197481505393056,"score_gpt":0.23546906267858247,"score_spread":0.2312715811731894,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4242863309","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98165566,0.00033251304,0.016480668,0.00006267054,0.00041380568,0.0001874158,0.000037623882,0.00022270296,0.00060695736],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99612737,0.000051751194,0.0035944523,0.000015075747,0.00005275523,0.000009242388,0.00006844411,0.000028544391,0.000052340274],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992926,0.000031596337,0.00024505935,0.00020706386,0.00010430642,0.000119339784],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99960357,0.000026284462,0.000049099777,0.00024725308,0.000037087135,0.00003671805],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007764851,0.00016896155,0.00026594274,0.00008151738,0.000015019018,0.000075799755,0.00006798236,0.00010686836,0.00006469959],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000002536123,0.00015602185,0.000050681065,0.000053022683,0.0000134706615,0.000028246606,0.00014217201,0.00024993517,0.000001602368],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005183476,0.00008398013,0.004670985,0.047936387,0.0016965902,0.00014866007,0.027045814,0.36552104,0.13204263,0.0045595826,0.0027986423,0.41344386],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0056942734,0.00036217982,0.19171591,0.012536698,0.0011350207,0.00030624916,0.07099999,0.24954607,0.4559797,0.00292104,0.0038026543,0.005000213],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00046855098,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000118610995,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.40844363,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003747163,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015722304,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.63623863},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4243075427","doi":"10.1109/lpe.2002.1029619","title":"High-level area estimation [logic design]","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the International Symposium on Low Power Electronics and Design","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Benchmark (surveying); Computer science; Logic gate; Measure (data warehouse); Logic synthesis; Electronic circuit; Standard cell; Computer engineering; Algorithm; Electronic engineering; Integrated circuit; Engineering; Data mining; Electrical engineering","score_opus":0.012760094790327145,"score_gpt":0.20375606753026465,"score_spread":0.19099597273993751,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4243075427","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7643428,0.0008824622,0.20502631,0.0035407569,0.0020347037,0.0011801108,0.00002327668,0.00045560114,0.022513965],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9919019,0.00012712517,0.007513831,0.00015502829,0.000020067862,0.000016087843,9.577743e-7,0.000026186017,0.00023885013],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991099,0.0000072770217,0.00020336463,0.00017729386,0.00028322765,0.00021889895],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99961054,0.00007452599,0.00007683879,0.00006956803,0.00012929853,0.000039220053],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00027990044,0.00016620662,0.00013308515,0.0000627866,0.00006532126,0.00008776936,0.0002515457,0.000057812893,0.000023619765],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000080699894,0.00012926936,0.00005196501,0.000114287905,0.000035202767,0.00013773692,0.000019210984,0.00016847297,0.000005430347],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013326305,0.00015245173,0.00016598219,0.000053614847,0.00021801543,0.0000010427399,0.0005007791,0.17964052,0.5394149,0.27227226,0.006533778,0.0009134172],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007365916,0.00027759233,0.00026742683,0.0001327082,0.000041118383,0.000056288864,0.00003914192,0.16045175,0.78505534,0.05026774,0.0022853594,0.0003889357],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000022643578,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.8149976e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.24564046,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012639561,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002333623,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5271452},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4246126451","doi":"10.1109/isscc.2019.8662449","title":"ISSCC 2019 Session 5 Overview: Image Sensors","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Image sensor; Shutter; Rolling shutter; Computer science; Video Graphics Array; Pixel; CMOS; Session (web analytics); Artificial intelligence; Computer vision; Electrical engineering; Engineering; Physics; Optics","score_opus":0.005229394796239413,"score_gpt":0.21756665232344782,"score_spread":0.21233725752720842,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4246126451","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8543432,0.00046866495,0.00015913273,0.00015314405,0.0007109171,0.000115551054,0.0000051888605,0.00072692515,0.1433173],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.963694,0.00027478227,0.0017362996,0.00022648666,0.000107226486,0.0000017473194,0.00001035536,0.00005869018,0.03389041],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993849,0.000010236816,0.00012241764,0.00014038707,0.00012242855,0.00021965272],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996175,0.000024092238,0.0000105868085,0.00027258476,0.000018941724,0.00005628969],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.000054156455,0.00012776726,0.00013400539,0.00005580104,0.0000186691,0.000035196106,0.00008839107,0.000045204655,0.0021528911],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000052384416,0.000109004795,0.00005804089,0.00012010828,0.000010350441,0.00016161571,0.000024072413,0.00011390689,0.006412978],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001232558,0.000049739745,0.0057249824,0.00033586624,0.00007037608,0.000031743373,0.0006112946,0.012962028,0.47329783,0.0017040268,0.4908793,0.014320491],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012274387,0.00004454107,0.016063763,0.00017381353,0.00002896163,0.000053373,0.000467275,0.16925153,0.12803939,0.0003187243,0.6832261,0.0011050825],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000021113614,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000017503206,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.34525844,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003131444,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000046024375,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99875927},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4248125254","doi":"10.1149/ma2010-01/19/1056","title":"A Novel CMOS Image Sensor Using Time-Domain Single-Photon Counting","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ECS Meeting Abstracts","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Photon counting; Image sensor; CMOS; Domain (mathematical analysis); Image (mathematics); Time domain; Computer science; Photon; Physics; Optoelectronics; Artificial intelligence; Computer vision; Optics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.010892713525622221,"score_gpt":0.21550387459763315,"score_spread":0.20461116107201094,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4248125254","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.906697,0.000026943497,0.00012459137,0.000056598117,0.0009010537,0.0001479311,0.000015618742,0.0008210933,0.09120918],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9252512,0.000001076602,0.073774375,0.000056217028,0.0005861325,0.0000030354447,0.000009280801,0.00013760536,0.00018111499],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981452,0.000016093512,0.00048264512,0.00034975706,0.00032181074,0.0006844813],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99902993,0.00019579388,0.00013813977,0.00037593846,0.00009436988,0.00016580368],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00059686275,0.00034037232,0.00029148496,0.00013132504,0.00020636275,0.00025060357,0.00020453472,0.00016795017,0.000075337026],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00036237208,0.00038262125,0.000103791135,0.00021795036,0.00008757604,0.00025418476,0.000044623586,0.0007071378,0.00029113755],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000042055262,0.000047793645,0.0001383309,0.00005901294,0.000022144082,0.000042804433,0.00033684718,0.030092206,0.9688021,0.0000018193053,0.00026062387,0.00019211556],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005803299,0.000013666292,0.0011502962,0.00023936747,0.00004075162,0.0003156484,0.0002237668,0.12215766,0.86592066,0.000055565477,0.008591177,0.00071113167],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00015972053,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000020502857,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.10288146,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000082829196,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000030215717,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99986255},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4250784646","doi":"10.1002/9781119111771.ch7","title":"Light and Color Representation in Imaging Systems","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Spectral color; Color space; Color histogram; Artificial intelligence; False color; Computer vision; Color image; Color balance; Representation (politics); Grayscale; Mathematics; Color difference; Optics; Computer science; Color model; Physics; Image processing; Image (mathematics)","score_opus":0.004502965166392637,"score_gpt":0.2066444556980859,"score_spread":0.20214149053169325,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4250784646","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0007063647,0.0027535434,0.00013760466,0.00004987238,0.0007183466,0.0002179581,0.0000022446707,0.0004223099,0.9949918],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.04789531,0.00025774268,0.00011240863,0.000022810433,0.00018365821,0.000012918709,0.000006723992,0.00034675698,0.9511617],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99959373,0.00000847197,0.00009653032,0.00013523766,0.00005879421,0.00010721465],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998077,0.000012093186,0.00001711107,0.00014096986,0.000003591471,0.000018510818],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000028089593,0.000109846245,0.00015920181,0.00016700779,0.0000037466664,0.000039926912,0.000038469312,0.000056937348,0.00007450658],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000034529207,0.00010440063,0.000012707394,0.0000646666,0.0000039951974,0.000028474966,0.000010931202,0.00007875445,0.00013288717],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000107458,0.0000044170683,0.003039653,0.00041493782,0.00002501778,0.000019430523,0.00012262423,0.001398926,0.0012371595,0.0004931534,0.9919519,0.0012916998],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003146165,0.0000023011216,0.0003237094,0.00037987134,0.0000109125585,0.000015806881,0.00027585888,0.07712656,0.00015777547,0.0000054639113,0.9211045,0.00028260433],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004820463,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000065845146,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07572764,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000023196646,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000031954921,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4257334},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4256133668","doi":"10.32920/ryerson.14645022.v1","title":"A CMOS voltage-mode image sensing system","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"CMOS; Image sensor; Electronic engineering; Pixel; Correlated double sampling; CMOS sensor; Electronic circuit; SIGNAL (programming language); Noise (video); Computer science; Voltage; Electrical engineering; Engineering; Image (mathematics); Artificial intelligence; Amplifier","score_opus":0.0069367153362149105,"score_gpt":0.21885694109113638,"score_spread":0.21192022575492148,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4256133668","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.42835712,0.0012831581,0.38904056,0.00012729078,0.008468245,0.0005394225,0.000062442334,0.007709651,0.16441213],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98309976,0.000035670426,0.014596424,0.000047101017,0.00039734217,0.0000054697316,0.00006802176,0.00013157031,0.0016186545],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986212,0.000025740972,0.0003340211,0.00043360397,0.00021926862,0.00036612945],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989798,0.000034162716,0.000038837345,0.0007502975,0.00009319281,0.00010370662],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009420452,0.00038091766,0.0004684451,0.000101846534,0.000047055237,0.00035111854,0.00017820633,0.00023147177,0.00007147567],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000019761199,0.0004029248,0.00021319644,0.0001081755,0.000026958023,0.00007172568,0.00028819244,0.00070428645,0.00012212188],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016407597,0.00008805922,0.00021115149,0.024691984,0.0017661321,0.0049494333,0.0073045846,0.4371521,0.40078574,0.0012349405,0.06972828,0.05207121],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002039764,0.0000029528671,0.00007826698,0.0013305307,0.00010532424,0.00019138154,0.0021939338,0.96349084,0.028788641,0.000047663052,0.002662688,0.00090377335],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00034810734,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000051648134,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.55474263,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023840753,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000049007933,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998423},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4280513719","doi":"10.31234/osf.io/2bsn7","title":"Object-Based Attention","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Dartmouth College; Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Dartmouth College; Office of Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research; National Institutes of Health; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Object (grammar); Computer science; Saccade; Artificial intelligence; Visual attention; Space (punctuation); Property (philosophy); Unconscious mind; Selection (genetic algorithm); Visual Objects; Feature (linguistics); Matching (statistics); Cognitive neuroscience of visual object recognition; Cognitive psychology; Psychology; Computer vision; Eye movement; Perception; Mathematics","score_opus":0.00983415775076664,"score_gpt":0.21811506178166054,"score_spread":0.2082809040308939,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4280513719","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.57551837,0.0007105865,0.023304477,0.00041041907,0.0070920265,0.00048322853,0.00008137359,0.005597465,0.38680202],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9944215,0.000016314249,0.001471267,0.00010587667,0.00011149682,0.000047227637,0.00016862278,0.00005426346,0.0036034663],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994087,0.000013745753,0.0001248793,0.0001714344,0.00014241773,0.0001387888],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999625,0.00001374055,0.0000151674085,0.00030558548,0.000010734723,0.00002975833],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000059638962,0.00014321909,0.0001277342,0.00008618169,0.000031804706,0.00004016097,0.00013994807,0.00006406576,0.002461777],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000044078256,0.00015761776,0.000113509304,0.000060488328,0.000008865492,0.000014004328,0.00010990039,0.00043561624,0.00008470791],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000033458073,0.00003024203,0.0014741115,0.00044281452,0.00007655921,0.000022326734,0.00007758631,0.947534,0.0019229747,0.0002378234,0.042566705,0.005611466],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005380932,0.000021617894,0.012446275,0.00010925874,0.000093977564,0.0000052055816,0.00021534729,0.83924925,0.003292492,0.00090750254,0.14188251,0.0012384703],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004168696,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007100705,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.41890308,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010185157,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000020174659,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9984501},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4281745465","doi":"10.1002/acm2.13662","title":"Machine learning for contour classification in TG‐263 noncompliant databases","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Database; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.07719200185565266,"score_gpt":0.3516632972821878,"score_spread":0.27447129542653514,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4281745465","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7529005,0.0013832054,0.22371523,0.004793803,0.005602466,0.0010528938,0.00011770673,0.00033061186,0.010103613],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9970502,0.00017542977,0.0012980271,0.0004044907,0.0009790038,0.000016421598,0.000027096074,0.000031699186,0.000017587041],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99802554,0.000063311905,0.0009839487,0.00014111708,0.00057277316,0.00021329951],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983034,0.0010830079,0.00024571532,0.00013466875,0.000043047214,0.00019017185],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001501999,0.00012028338,0.00043488032,0.000050126662,0.00007666628,0.0000121526655,0.0002813965,0.000047454138,0.00010592704],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00042482693,0.00010977956,0.00016454009,0.00017846486,0.00006949014,0.000060373677,0.000062615094,0.0014650777,0.0000059245554],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.001197944,0.0019404376,0.010604732,0.00027243205,0.0003467925,0.00015451922,0.0005888774,0.11722168,0.0034828123,0.022171251,0.020645382,0.8213731],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.008139568,0.00055460876,0.0059406697,0.00016140277,0.00012416355,0.000057921377,0.00094533665,0.74542165,0.00046977733,0.01000698,0.22764273,0.00053518644],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003951334,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003250088,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.820838,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008487955,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008902789,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6365115},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4285585828","doi":"10.1117/12.2627871","title":"High-speed array controller (HIAC) for multi-channel imaging detectors","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Detector; Pixel; Computer hardware; Field-programmable gate array; Channel (broadcasting); Computer science; CMOS; Controller (irrigation); Chip; System on a chip; Embedded system; Electronic engineering; Engineering; Artificial intelligence; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.013465648895957423,"score_gpt":0.21523923269752337,"score_spread":0.20177358380156596,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4285585828","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.4648163,0.001314644,0.513133,0.0013989559,0.007263544,0.0020688882,0.00025335353,0.0050991764,0.004652187],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9942934,0.0000031955012,0.0034434202,0.00029668288,0.00013170471,0.0000808667,0.000011905785,0.00007221842,0.0016666017],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99909246,0.000017015087,0.00019281036,0.00020012335,0.00013871345,0.00035889543],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99965817,0.000067037916,0.000021836631,0.00015569666,0.00002871055,0.000068525595],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013246464,0.00017330814,0.00020841218,0.00010372995,0.00020032618,0.000038577353,0.00014871337,0.000017351385,0.00027770354],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000023308723,0.00017344441,0.00012153046,0.0001270975,0.000018826302,0.00007528485,0.00002993629,0.00016050923,0.000023450673],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012433049,0.00015814487,0.00054137694,0.00010791194,0.00029195714,0.00002155718,0.0017897221,0.61580276,0.33638334,0.0008766367,0.033586178,0.010316061],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004149438,0.000034103145,0.00044028548,0.0000061856185,0.000039936494,0.000017694038,0.0012277281,0.9268706,0.031616896,0.00028845275,0.034764763,0.00054394396],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007392554,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000010453706,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5294771,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009623466,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007885348,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.70728576},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4287766314","doi":"10.48550/arxiv.2006.01765","title":"AnalogNet: Convolutional Neural Network Inference on Analog Focal Plane\\n Sensor Processors","year":2020,"lang":"","type":"preprint","venue":"arXiv (Cornell University)","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"MNIST database; Computer science; Convolutional neural network; Robustness (evolution); Computation; Image processing; Computer hardware; Efficient energy use; Artificial intelligence; Artificial neural network; Algorithm; Engineering; Image (mathematics); Electrical engineering","score_opus":0.06596700210387972,"score_gpt":0.18591957347144228,"score_spread":0.11995257136756256,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4287766314","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9489419,0.00029647327,0.03396194,0.00055078656,0.0025498774,0.00090343296,0.00043744175,0.001041023,0.011317159],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99633116,0.00044133337,0.00020027965,0.00042898985,0.0010889723,0.0000020195555,0.00030823922,0.00012468077,0.0010743017],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99517787,0.00026129832,0.0006736752,0.0021756832,0.00031411301,0.0013973559],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99709165,0.00052526325,0.0003778892,0.0009720622,0.0002596344,0.00077349343],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021225041,0.0012494656,0.0011371922,0.0003551513,0.00045630746,0.00017847761,0.0012279252,0.0007435262,0.00052171474],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001627985,0.0015848833,0.0005546529,0.0014989494,0.00051086955,0.00029503193,0.00065900467,0.0027447469,0.0007738021],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00042510868,0.0001102494,0.015286692,0.0003523626,0.0004920473,0.001366508,0.00026130825,0.9569605,0.00007201455,0.022757297,0.0015238931,0.00039204294],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012266651,0.00027309984,0.018639654,0.00041059265,0.00043168245,0.000030700907,0.00023251776,0.9687678,0.000054019227,0.006076216,0.002222325,0.0016346823],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00020425401,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000100810845,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.047389317,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00054767565,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003204401,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99955595},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4292421621","doi":"10.3847/1538-4357/aca5fa","title":"The DESI Survey Validation: Results from Visual Inspection of Bright Galaxies, Luminous Red Galaxies, and Emission-line Galaxies","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"arXiv (Cornell University)","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Perimeter Institute; University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Physics; Luminous infrared galaxy; Astrophysics; Galaxy; Galaxy group; Astronomy; Elliptical galaxy","score_opus":0.07072507191350894,"score_gpt":0.19986269393756773,"score_spread":0.1291376220240588,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4292421621","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9963667,0.0002873209,0.0006220895,0.000061849045,0.0011113253,0.00025057705,0.00015791356,0.00075428013,0.00038797545],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99395186,0.0029255673,0.000044849887,8.8800016e-7,0.00016906144,0.0000010617956,0.0005371237,0.00006901795,0.002300561],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981204,0.00021254207,0.00046492612,0.000713507,0.00015764902,0.0003309404],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979836,0.0007090733,0.00024788882,0.00070592185,0.0002204054,0.0001331301],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00051954377,0.00039240022,0.00043367862,0.0002142264,0.00028913698,0.00011427898,0.0004014742,0.00030776934,0.0000136755625],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00032778137,0.00038440133,0.000125985,0.00051984994,0.0002590915,0.0001504494,0.00038475805,0.0005824367,0.000017639139],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005576473,0.0000788101,0.8805418,0.00019707442,0.0005223132,0.00009599982,0.00088967476,0.11110179,0.00037507655,0.00024321387,0.005057473,0.0003391371],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006530504,0.000031058244,0.85766137,0.00019221519,0.000094962656,0.000003385102,0.00010801865,0.1376177,0.0020172673,0.0010606662,0.00015896812,0.00040131572],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002800222,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008628067,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.026515909,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019913854,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009259283,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99986076},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4292471175","doi":"10.1117/12.2630312","title":"Cryogenic test setup and performance characterization of the HAWAII-4RG sensor for GIRMOS","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Test (biology); Characterization (materials science); Computer science; Materials science; Geology; Nanotechnology","score_opus":0.005006672859187452,"score_gpt":0.1639362744368357,"score_spread":0.15892960157764824,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4292471175","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9984312,0.000016652271,0.00024680956,0.00012975706,0.00016675067,0.00017021486,0.00005849201,0.000070629,0.0007094779],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983687,0.000013822877,0.00013319067,0.00006908462,0.000029096565,0.000025715897,0.000011646648,0.000015553978,0.0013332091],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996671,0.0000059059244,0.00009617262,0.000067836576,0.000069431684,0.00009354423],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998123,0.000030375119,0.00001928972,0.00011097109,0.000013512421,0.000013525226],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000050127263,0.00005807494,0.00006556792,0.000020683776,0.00009904531,0.000008690973,0.000062987274,0.0000107788,0.000079584],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000008004169,0.000046416775,0.000026237905,0.000091515445,0.000016516127,0.000045470115,0.000032177355,0.000055072385,0.0000011220103],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001406984,0.00003332092,0.039168157,0.00022976183,0.000029584202,4.375262e-7,0.000625117,0.0027577667,0.94723976,0.00019848124,0.0006192337,0.009084322],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00090482016,0.0001534804,0.31722412,0.000024907842,0.00005422368,0.0000710937,0.00081464375,0.43557337,0.21232241,0.000029649169,0.032433152,0.0003941363],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000001824493,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":8.7522835e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.73491734,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000015458263,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005615842,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.18928212},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4292813645","doi":"10.5281/zenodo.243775","title":"Bit Error Detection And Correction With Hamming Code Algorithm","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Kootenay Association for Science & Technology","funders":"","keywords":"Hamming code; Error detection and correction; Computer science; Cyclic code; Algorithm; Hamming(7,4); Hamming distance; Code (set theory); Constant-weight code; Arithmetic; Linear code; Mathematics; Decoding methods; Block code; Programming language","score_opus":0.01955153870059365,"score_gpt":0.2197359260230464,"score_spread":0.20018438732245275,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4292813645","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.59976566,0.00022395751,0.21936263,0.0006986815,0.0015745992,0.0008961353,0.0001600402,0.00661498,0.17070332],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978588,0.00004378415,0.0005231979,0.000014287869,0.0001182538,2.6218515e-8,0.000053348536,0.0007308348,0.00065742055],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99934,0.000035146728,0.00009269819,0.00019452225,0.0001420351,0.00019562368],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994436,0.0000070872684,0.000042209867,0.0002943889,0.00012828718,0.00008440685],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016715881,0.000098531986,0.00008203402,0.00009980958,0.0024355105,0.00086427206,0.0002514294,0.00003482823,0.00040319856],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011182845,0.0001000445,0.000014806588,0.00009523697,0.00011736618,0.0002986037,0.00016545926,0.00018003941,0.0005117387],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000022149708,0.00001774655,0.000012769936,0.000037069927,0.00003390498,0.000012663,0.00062195334,0.0008171802,0.010283767,0.000033174612,0.009236019,0.9788716],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00054479204,0.00014191328,0.0040006596,0.000053765165,0.000019987629,0.00037090274,0.00034394723,0.15151083,0.0065332362,0.000023674245,0.8362125,0.00024378275],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000022974142,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000029790106,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9786278,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000066187364,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":7.199728e-7,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99886316},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4293215695","doi":"10.5539/cis.v15n4p46","title":"Objects Movement Detection Based on Impulsed Neural Network of the Analogue of the Biological Retinal Model","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computer and Information Science","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Hubei University; Hubei University of Automotive Technology","keywords":"Computer science; Detector; Artificial neural network; Artificial intelligence; Computer vision; Impulse (physics); Movement (music); Telecommunications; Acoustics","score_opus":0.008800413471021272,"score_gpt":0.1876764323906913,"score_spread":0.17887601891967,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4293215695","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9580467,0.0000038538315,0.040879603,0.0000628477,0.00035609942,0.00008730261,0.000004307904,0.00001809998,0.0005412257],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992059,9.319377e-7,0.00024898758,0.00052911346,0.000010747576,0.000002176171,6.2777974e-7,8.101288e-7,7.434581e-7],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.999546,0.000015862797,0.00012798443,0.00004021427,0.00019277514,0.000077191056],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997819,0.000015812608,0.000045960453,0.00011330726,0.000030571344,0.000012416212],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022117795,0.0000375644,0.000043123,0.000030379104,0.00017957216,0.000016661068,0.00017634085,0.0000068168174,0.0000019489294],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000008078987,0.000021780566,0.000023943756,0.00039258247,0.000100262856,0.00019879325,0.000094806026,0.000072970455,1.2423853e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003111528,0.000002242709,0.00047397567,0.000004272095,4.7500328e-7,7.968983e-9,0.00023569512,0.9919866,0.0010346594,0.00015572604,0.0000368646,0.0060664215],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007856973,0.000036510137,0.038506474,0.000005114865,8.6306716e-7,9.2600015e-7,0.000026587972,0.9580617,0.0031459485,0.000062460625,0.0000487216,0.000026117803],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000024648918,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.2679017e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0411592,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000023647899,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016907767,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1381142},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4308091040","doi":"10.1109/ccece49351.2022.9918259","title":"RISC-V Based Processor Architecture for an Embedded Visible Light Spectrophotometer","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"CMC Microsystems","keywords":"Computer science; Reduced instruction set computing; Field-programmable gate array; Miniaturization; Embedded system; Computer hardware; Cyclone (programming language); Interface (matter); System on a chip; Computer architecture; Instruction set; Electrical engineering; Engineering; Parallel computing","score_opus":0.008094566266118881,"score_gpt":0.2253372205116063,"score_spread":0.21724265424548742,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4308091040","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.85319,0.00025416218,0.08247133,0.0014460988,0.0009400513,0.0015222915,0.00014420616,0.0030883346,0.05694351],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98521256,7.8709326e-7,0.011806157,0.00049807806,0.00012799675,0.00022086783,0.000035197143,0.000072416115,0.0020259174],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99918747,0.0000158483,0.00012932533,0.00020932994,0.00016368828,0.00029435073],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99961966,0.000028339602,0.000014793161,0.00024534352,0.00001952271,0.00007235524],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000086685024,0.00014512382,0.00013987688,0.0001447376,0.0001308351,0.000047549034,0.00018364289,0.000022084785,0.0011724011],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009005389,0.00013285267,0.000077573255,0.00025062653,0.000008790175,0.000058139336,0.000021399708,0.00017631575,0.00001613216],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00020115628,0.0002863319,0.0001176562,0.00040787627,0.00010891768,0.000023470353,0.0017814572,0.41309285,0.48984084,0.00034090786,0.08614099,0.0076575647],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012223803,0.00041297963,0.00007116303,0.0000073148467,0.00003261344,0.000025706135,0.00035757213,0.397965,0.2752659,0.0011091081,0.32297578,0.00055448624],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000052171886,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000012313276,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2368348,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000049486836,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000019297137,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99974066},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4309208755","doi":"10.48550/arxiv.2211.08110","title":"HeatViT: Hardware-Efficient Adaptive Token Pruning for Vision Transformers","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"arXiv (Cornell University)","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Computer science; Security token; Computation; Quantization (signal processing); Computer hardware; Hardware acceleration; Edge device; Field-programmable gate array; Computer engineering; Latency (audio); Algorithm; Computer network","score_opus":0.04724298686371685,"score_gpt":0.18545408976937053,"score_spread":0.1382111029056537,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4309208755","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6281025,0.0002648187,0.35548243,0.00006602876,0.0016508831,0.0011404635,0.00035197168,0.0009520553,0.011988854],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976573,0.00013336078,0.00038888343,0.000030466152,0.00007778247,0.0000070785645,0.00009764853,0.00008329321,0.0015241809],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99852884,0.00004288314,0.00020100884,0.00066457223,0.00010238653,0.00046032813],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992431,0.00008885053,0.00006195431,0.00040066172,0.00006347137,0.00014195415],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016701294,0.00037746623,0.00036641644,0.0002740909,0.00023864963,0.000047207595,0.00043265364,0.00016953438,0.00015221619],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009509065,0.00048126833,0.00035439632,0.0003136577,0.000067014436,0.000098933284,0.00022889636,0.00067095924,0.000017251397],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000082581886,0.000042787553,0.00007838442,0.00016484183,0.00013246853,0.000054283108,0.000616746,0.9947672,0.00016759777,0.0019335217,0.00088968105,0.0010699175],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006893414,0.000086893575,0.00019886366,0.00011339461,0.00016353992,0.0000027428516,0.001034192,0.9831116,0.00035438815,0.00058702606,0.013049298,0.0006087164],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006605274,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000012556217,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.36955482,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005515753,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000082100836,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997639},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4318040552","doi":"10.3847/1538-4357/aca5fa","title":"The DESI Survey Validation: Results from Visual Inspection of Bright Galaxies, Luminous Red Galaxies, and Emission-line Galaxies","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Astrophysical Journal","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":73,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Perimeter Institute; University of Waterloo","funders":"High Energy Physics; Office of Science; Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives; National Taiwan University; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación; National Science Foundation; Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; U.S. Department of Energy; Ministry of Education, India; Division of Astronomical Sciences; Science and Technology Facilities Council","keywords":"Physics; Redshift; Galaxy; Astrophysics; Luminous infrared galaxy; Astronomy","score_opus":0.016691025190763785,"score_gpt":0.2394759720975229,"score_spread":0.2227849469067591,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4318040552","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99828213,0.00014847636,0.00026124576,0.000503793,0.00047457943,0.000074510725,0.00002201667,0.00018099752,0.00005226883],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99832714,0.0004994171,0.00013049865,0.0000015572024,0.000746915,0.0000021412388,0.000043811477,0.00003265689,0.00021584656],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985039,0.00021728086,0.00043906062,0.00015860496,0.00038365694,0.00029747532],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99871516,0.00067177624,0.0001381184,0.00024486854,0.0001235667,0.000106503096],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005442851,0.00018293847,0.00023077258,0.000057772828,0.00048155306,0.00017204463,0.00022899102,0.000048464477,0.0000081654425],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00025909249,0.00011026478,0.00008241384,0.00037333256,0.00021511661,0.00013721206,0.00006517622,0.00046781142,0.000017910046],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0037317758,0.00045387528,0.53012526,0.00008970515,0.0015454502,0.00013547746,0.0081124725,0.037344478,0.28148466,0.00042023612,0.07108923,0.0654674],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005332685,0.000079821,0.96365684,0.000052117517,0.000027788436,0.000036491925,0.00009341384,0.025899759,0.008963285,0.00039552036,0.00013802365,0.00012369166],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00013182055,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001574111,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.43353158,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000049504113,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000035455167,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.44964674},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4323661142","doi":"10.1037/xge0001400.supp","title":"Supplemental Material for Comparing Visual Memories to Similar Visual Inputs Risks Lasting Memory Distortion","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Experimental Psychology General","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Distortion (music); Computer science; Psychology; Cognitive psychology; Artificial intelligence; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.04794765303549845,"score_gpt":0.3931936540722391,"score_spread":0.34524600103674064,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4323661142","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99107474,0.00008426595,0.0017617114,0.00020950718,0.0062663215,0.00018490003,0.000037143,0.0001411284,0.00024027514],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99487525,0.000007772643,0.0026633842,0.00026786453,0.0019669675,0.000020430727,0.00007619182,0.000061201055,0.000060906717],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984939,0.000050153005,0.0006030532,0.00020158438,0.00022021105,0.00043110523],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995408,0.00003339993,0.00012556779,0.000097478645,0.000046782752,0.00015597604],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003034211,0.00022952617,0.00036975933,0.00027795,0.00015259098,0.000058957157,0.00017555911,0.000080059355,0.00015608923],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000018857923,0.00023375617,0.00015295163,0.00018327426,0.000055284003,0.00019138103,0.000058902304,0.0001943685,0.000025752619],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003463121,0.00011160246,0.001441631,0.000016722717,0.000104759434,0.000041384224,0.0012655869,0.0065670107,0.9540601,0.00000942971,0.03512446,0.00091101194],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0029046515,0.000989544,0.007970938,0.00004332076,0.000041066352,0.00022597231,0.0013239782,0.011870194,0.9688418,0.000042891614,0.0053114076,0.00043423445],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005530563,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000047293574,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02981305,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014956667,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012548109,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.95323},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4360605655","doi":"10.1109/isscc42615.2023.10067708","title":"Dual-Port CMOS Image Sensor with Regression-Based HDR Flux-to-Digital Conversion and 80ns Rapid-Update Pixel-Wise Exposure Coding","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Pixel; CMOS; Artificial intelligence; Computer vision; Coding (social sciences); Computer science; Image sensor; Digital image; Port (circuit theory); Computer graphics (images); Image (mathematics); Image processing; Electronic engineering; Engineering; Mathematics; Statistics","score_opus":0.007364931429304106,"score_gpt":0.20382113552331893,"score_spread":0.19645620409401482,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4360605655","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98992324,0.000041571682,0.00192205,0.0008800748,0.00023415434,0.00028621397,0.00006277106,0.001717419,0.0049325265],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9949355,0.000027863407,0.0015742498,0.00024613022,0.0000854867,0.000010829269,0.00011066933,0.000085764375,0.0029234693],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99865085,0.000016231215,0.00023080289,0.00036558157,0.0002892088,0.00044733885],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992174,0.00010225023,0.00003265768,0.00032777007,0.000066663684,0.00025328816],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012970837,0.00029971142,0.0002694873,0.00023067008,0.00013182162,0.00018639037,0.00009019767,0.000074901334,0.00024727226],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003867068,0.00023562455,0.000054912594,0.0004790366,0.00007594374,0.00029325497,0.00005796378,0.00018063698,0.0004722904],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00057591,0.00017442685,0.029821727,0.0013517492,0.00042291437,0.0033348638,0.003062848,0.024868358,0.5351179,0.00018205823,0.36926258,0.031824652],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.010276881,0.00075639255,0.017753769,0.0018355659,0.00024371916,0.00043266083,0.007754934,0.44072816,0.37914476,0.00006865089,0.13679704,0.0042075007],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007394193,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003178066,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4158598,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000039892668,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000027289701,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.96084905},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4376653876","doi":"10.48550/arxiv.2305.08415","title":"Marsellus: A Heterogeneous RISC-V AI-IoT End-Node SoC with 2-to-8b DNN Acceleration and 30%-Boost Adaptive Body Biasing","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"arXiv (Cornell University)","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Innovation Cluster (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Computer hardware; System on a chip; Floating point; Hardware acceleration; Embedded system; Field-programmable gate array; Algorithm","score_opus":0.06277127721949553,"score_gpt":0.18126103996178186,"score_spread":0.11848976274228633,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4376653876","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94613147,0.00010556657,0.050849106,0.00009502944,0.00038979476,0.00046832813,0.000093728275,0.0009177787,0.000949179],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9975987,0.00020368802,0.0005176304,0.0001055672,0.00014277762,0.000002707133,0.000041729894,0.0001323868,0.0012548176],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99820524,0.00006501641,0.00021387305,0.00090670487,0.00012290207,0.0004862367],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99889976,0.00009163501,0.000088542736,0.0005872043,0.00010440624,0.0002284412],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000113620845,0.0005014884,0.000425198,0.00038372763,0.0002003338,0.00017974134,0.0003367216,0.00025493294,0.00006794457],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000017077766,0.0005803504,0.00011517155,0.0003975227,0.000105963096,0.00014238144,0.00041896166,0.00067264,0.0002082059],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008734099,0.00002781741,0.001741975,0.00013218324,0.00029983494,0.0006899159,0.0005891985,0.9942028,0.0007913791,0.00032472564,0.0005422652,0.00057056575],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010287008,0.00014537231,0.0030187878,0.00061931525,0.00039683422,0.000051356117,0.00059729506,0.98632705,0.0035868394,0.0013689051,0.0013814886,0.0014780447],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00022317904,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00023334885,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.051467206,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00031821514,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007267724,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996648},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4377832628","doi":"10.18280/ts.400228","title":"Pixel Optimization Using Iterative Pixel Compression Algorithm for Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor Image Sensors","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Traitement du signal","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University","keywords":"Pixel; Computer science; Algorithm; Optimization algorithm; Semiconductor; Materials science; Computer vision; Artificial intelligence; Mathematics; Optoelectronics; Mathematical optimization","score_opus":0.029867026262444484,"score_gpt":0.2671789512578486,"score_spread":0.2373119249954041,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4377832628","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5196761,0.00004126266,0.4783644,0.000061610874,0.00030841588,0.00054625433,0.00039164405,0.0005363121,0.00007402569],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6419819,0.000035850124,0.35470057,0.00022150412,0.0006490359,0.000112977075,0.001859258,0.00020728151,0.0002316473],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99852246,0.000050650302,0.00040744158,0.00030331512,0.0002712013,0.00044495115],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995064,0.000101376485,0.000065397784,0.00014108307,0.000084539955,0.00010120231],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019453086,0.00029305663,0.0002830492,0.0002025482,0.00020803545,0.000094201554,0.00013562059,0.000049298513,0.00034185403],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000063175094,0.0002977288,0.000131093,0.0002707372,0.000051937644,0.0003573522,0.000044318447,0.00012760315,0.000022178981],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014320731,0.00004050628,0.00004100576,0.00006164582,0.00014267527,0.0000080544105,0.000697805,0.4610055,0.5318157,0.000019367299,0.0028017838,0.0033516116],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011705416,0.00004040823,0.00010724023,0.00006225142,0.00008157433,0.000010312715,0.00058507477,0.9587863,0.03627737,0.000031999076,0.0025132091,0.00033369512],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000015964239,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000017059014,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4977808,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012343311,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015156116,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999475},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4377981450","doi":"10.1145/3592473.3592566","title":"A Low Cost Cross-Platform Video/Image Process Framework Empowers Heterogeneous Edge Application","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Computer science; Software deployment; Analytics; Embedded system; Flexibility (engineering); Image processing; Process (computing); Video processing; Artificial intelligence; Software engineering; Operating system; Data science; Image (mathematics)","score_opus":0.009328699647505495,"score_gpt":0.2812276213534503,"score_spread":0.2718989217059448,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4377981450","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9261531,0.000048569924,0.059352737,0.00011603598,0.00045496022,0.0004858367,0.000021110976,0.0036463924,0.009721219],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99828124,0.000024740668,0.0006032237,0.00014389509,0.00013698942,0.0001141918,0.000041273655,0.000070265894,0.0005841602],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989776,0.0000032001133,0.00020546754,0.0002477626,0.00017934383,0.00038661418],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99943507,0.000056522986,0.000022364893,0.0003305601,0.00005255983,0.00010290515],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008538636,0.00018241562,0.00014757295,0.000095204574,0.00009155,0.00014627437,0.00019662565,0.00011130406,0.00012169476],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000037268353,0.00018146556,0.00006455601,0.00051911356,0.0000543228,0.0001977445,0.000027270751,0.00020029877,0.001634994],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013861612,0.0003268785,0.014124877,0.002921661,0.00046196286,0.0003053421,0.009735933,0.56444407,0.087331526,0.0027825318,0.045131613,0.272295],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00085272745,0.00004183886,0.0039228774,0.00017568743,0.00003456331,0.000077191646,0.00059186,0.60512906,0.3532522,0.0045334725,0.030003421,0.0013851011],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007995912,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008508334,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.27090988,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000592196,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012178206,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99914235},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4378382275","doi":"10.2352/issn.2169-4451.2002.18.1.art00025_1","title":"Extending Life of Thermal Inkjet Printheads for Commercial Applications","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Technical programs and proceedings/Technical program and proceedings","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Hewlett-Packard (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Nozzle; Offset (computer science); Thermal; Computer science; Reliability (semiconductor); Throughput; Inkjet printing; Mechanical engineering; Electronic engineering; Nanotechnology; Materials science; Engineering; Inkwell; Telecommunications; Wireless; Physics","score_opus":0.024657563514376157,"score_gpt":0.25802877275377023,"score_spread":0.23337120923939408,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4378382275","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.91311586,0.008216864,0.003612567,0.0029910458,0.00022227356,0.015377646,0.000058066144,0.012779988,0.043625668],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9691443,0.0006235306,0.027416958,0.00008746042,0.00027387604,0.0022967951,0.000011355191,0.00010652943,0.000039206],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99746454,0.000003642496,0.00078159897,0.0006486246,0.00032451542,0.0007771032],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989111,0.00008160314,0.0001664909,0.0001413345,0.0002591449,0.00044036852],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005165845,0.00048889994,0.0006691766,0.00017757523,0.00028624316,0.0002813225,0.00039057925,0.00046161172,0.000019141384],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012895039,0.00044324002,0.000186005,0.0006540335,0.0007005487,0.00035157238,0.00018921177,0.0006586741,0.0000031252919],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000072210954,0.00058494916,0.0052433596,0.0014710128,0.00006214277,6.132352e-7,0.00023140799,0.0000013497619,0.022722686,0.03082922,0.0021658302,0.9366152],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.007563468,0.0077156033,0.027178455,0.0017267085,0.0010936343,0.00064647745,0.0010477427,0.046392605,0.00950715,0.023065891,0.86860454,0.0054577133],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004711429,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000015521714,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9311575,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004179143,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009277941,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99980193},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4379116748","doi":"10.1109/jssc.2023.3275271","title":"39 000-Subexposures/s Dual-ADC CMOS Image Sensor With Dual-Tap Coded-Exposure Pixels for Single-Shot HDR and 3-D Computational Imaging","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University; University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; CMC Microsystems","keywords":"Pixel; Image sensor; Dynamic range; Frame (networking); Range (aeronautics); Computer science; Artificial intelligence; CMOS; Algorithm; Mathematics; Computer hardware; Computer vision; Electronic engineering; Engineering","score_opus":0.021293257055977163,"score_gpt":0.2517949033711552,"score_spread":0.230501646315178,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4379116748","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97975,0.00037342613,0.016809678,0.00038824984,0.0009943289,0.0004138815,0.00044837382,0.00033396922,0.00048811437],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99741054,0.000084900676,0.0013707761,0.00016819469,0.0005732135,0.000013185855,0.000031092033,0.00016124477,0.0001868534],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9974178,0.000062181556,0.00087152695,0.00032488746,0.0006046277,0.00071896106],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981535,0.00039724045,0.0003299825,0.00021268282,0.00058698567,0.00031961643],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00053818035,0.00043438442,0.00062335754,0.00047039002,0.00021291946,0.000254211,0.00016518125,0.00007877985,0.000017877775],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007575769,0.000405613,0.00017004553,0.00045078134,0.0001810581,0.0006180897,0.000024033036,0.00044026898,0.000018283246],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012301408,0.00014595085,0.0030891255,0.0005357382,0.000547615,0.002391983,0.004155318,0.33944324,0.6312013,0.000029405268,0.009786978,0.008550309],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.038979426,0.0037940075,0.08687451,0.0042160233,0.002052957,0.048386104,0.009374691,0.40675303,0.36251557,0.0076938616,0.021607496,0.007752298],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000046408213,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005013057,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.26868576,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000118797696,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008754635,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99983954},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4379474798","doi":"10.1103/physrevd.109.062007","title":"Confirmation of the spectral excess in DAMIC at SNOLAB with skipper CCDs","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical review. D/Physical review. D.","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Snolab","funders":"H2020 European Research Council; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; National Science Foundation; Fermilab; Dirección General de Asuntos del Personal Académico, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; High Energy Physics; Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung; Agencia Estatal de Investigación; Horizon 2020 Framework Programme; Institut Lagrange de Paris; Office of Science; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; University of Washington College of Arts and Sciences; European Commission; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación; University of Chicago; Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología; Agence Nationale de la Recherche; Kavli Foundation; U.S. Department of Energy; Heising-Simons Foundation; University of Washington; Ministry of Colleges and Universities; Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago; Instituto de Física de Cantabria","keywords":"Physics; Detector; Noise (video); Population; Energy (signal processing); Ionization; Electron; Silicon; Optics; Pixel; Charge-coupled device; Charge (physics); Atomic physics; Computational physics; Optoelectronics; Nuclear physics; Particle physics; Image (mathematics)","score_opus":0.007906367963549415,"score_gpt":0.3602032053266678,"score_spread":0.35229683736311834,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4379474798","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9164492,0.07641579,0.000026124935,0.0013342428,0.00017048392,0.0008148653,0.000021062328,0.00017248443,0.0045957407],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.94718,0.051754106,0.000027734584,0.00055092963,0.0002627131,0.00007875669,0.000014678577,0.000064917076,0.000066180146],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9980531,0.0001396251,0.00051192066,0.00038180963,0.0005151376,0.00039841002],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989271,0.00021250619,0.00009650572,0.00061253406,0.000052994965,0.00009837204],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020993059,0.00038347917,0.00102611,0.000045435554,0.00003964143,0.000032320702,0.00038970535,0.000024913326,0.000028957395],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000900022,0.00023502322,0.0004489969,0.0010909496,0.00013721785,0.0002244343,0.00008609422,0.0005274473,0.0003169476],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008648278,0.0019775108,0.011459002,0.24357405,0.00086665666,0.00015704703,0.0019122638,0.0037018363,0.36971867,0.10880408,0.05851193,0.19923046],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0017030152,0.0004853049,0.06602262,0.26159865,0.0028195544,0.00016029173,0.000044519296,0.1666674,0.15051687,0.03158395,0.31461158,0.003786263],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000012464939,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000010831768,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.25609967,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015605222,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003938547,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9583969},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4380302106","doi":"10.1109/spi57109.2023.10145548","title":"Modeling S-parameters of Interconnects using Periodic Gaussian Process Kernels","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"","keywords":"Gaussian process; Kernel (algebra); Gaussian; Gaussian function; Exponential function; Algorithm; Computer science; Applied mathematics; Process (computing); Scattering parameters; Mathematics; Mathematical optimization; Electronic engineering; Mathematical analysis; Engineering; Physics; Discrete mathematics","score_opus":0.03214671978582428,"score_gpt":0.2657656915884079,"score_spread":0.23361897180258362,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4380302106","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98643994,0.000035373047,0.0111654885,0.00003182577,0.00017979357,0.00006179344,0.0000020435223,0.0005726507,0.0015110655],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99854034,0.000008921377,0.0013181156,0.000017438213,0.000020172303,0.0000025066008,0.0000023211496,0.000032888944,0.0000572682],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99937093,0.00000618096,0.00017972718,0.00012050938,0.00010450293,0.00021816485],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99977165,0.000015240809,0.000011323124,0.00013283924,0.000023316123,0.000045605273],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006706224,0.00010677848,0.00014798196,0.0001475552,0.000024603829,0.000025529622,0.00009874462,0.000034381912,0.00003163321],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000020426942,0.000101983285,0.000050023893,0.0003248745,0.000022589511,0.00011047991,0.000017919481,0.00008105112,0.000031018306],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000019255926,0.0000037352213,0.00017583715,0.00013261758,0.000020056097,0.0000049563814,0.0020170372,0.983897,0.012620296,0.000035963218,0.000026734706,0.0010638853],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001009094,0.0000061790274,0.000026548154,0.000081726655,0.000009452904,0.000006218825,0.0019246998,0.9807233,0.016755823,0.00023545022,0.0000050435397,0.00012464928],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000514918,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006749379,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.012100402,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000023115643,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011704067,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.41587576},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4382394974","doi":"10.18280/ts.400332","title":"Deep Learning Based Compression with Classification Model on CMOS Image Sensors","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Traitement du signal","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"CMOS; Computer science; Artificial intelligence; Image compression; Compression (physics); Computer vision; Deep learning; Image (mathematics); Data compression; Pattern recognition (psychology); Electronic engineering; Engineering; Image processing; Materials science","score_opus":0.01865920198610464,"score_gpt":0.22334799644846418,"score_spread":0.20468879446235955,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4382394974","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8788709,0.000010392412,0.11509817,0.00027347298,0.00006681439,0.00024079134,0.000006876611,0.0015515623,0.0038810126],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981164,0.000006840737,0.0013950381,0.00006312193,0.000059438626,0.000027303831,0.00007470752,0.000053752243,0.00020341197],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990116,0.00003385894,0.0001699586,0.0002094846,0.00030126164,0.00027385828],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999665,0.000061000756,0.00003218054,0.00013642495,0.000032431224,0.00007291335],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011980951,0.00017664026,0.00012922098,0.00013893317,0.000118462514,0.0000517991,0.00008960844,0.000040095016,0.000115193434],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000057457773,0.00015458705,0.000043454937,0.00023302996,0.000031936528,0.00009349102,0.000008327297,0.00020881867,0.00017648483],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000037716447,0.000026584508,0.00019905814,0.000037684316,0.000015299147,0.000011408872,0.0002846643,0.91777664,0.0773839,0.00006710618,0.00092257035,0.0032373385],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006375416,0.00006211592,0.0043749013,0.000071241484,0.000016215634,0.0000012686997,0.00019558021,0.9864316,0.007362725,0.000017622377,0.0006281719,0.00020101746],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000023075709,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000015456563,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.11924548,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000056937148,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009361169,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.63038766},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385327603","doi":"10.48550/arxiv.2307.13723","title":"Dual-sided Charge-Coupled Devices","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"arXiv (Cornell University)","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Perimeter Institute","funders":"Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada; Institut Périmètre de physique théorique; Government of Canada; Ministry of Colleges and Universities; Fermilab; U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Dual (grammatical number); Physics; Charge (physics); Electron; Ranging; Dark matter; Charge-coupled device; Ionization; Optoelectronics; Computer science; Astrophysics; Optics; Nuclear physics; Particle physics; Telecommunications; Ion","score_opus":0.06797725208840204,"score_gpt":0.1750942440865729,"score_spread":0.10711699199817086,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4385327603","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98694474,0.00013517686,0.0030744981,0.000078768586,0.0017669109,0.0002419555,0.00004923944,0.0025967904,0.0051119323],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99102336,0.00037154628,0.000059149817,0.00003881345,0.000219526,0.0000011450654,0.00007124075,0.00010319741,0.008111997],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986175,0.000031741984,0.00019532145,0.0006365032,0.00008234476,0.00043662958],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99890465,0.00010500763,0.00007254509,0.0007016907,0.000067825385,0.00014830762],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012643465,0.0003820333,0.00037732444,0.0002959868,0.000090015164,0.000073784635,0.00043517622,0.00027523664,0.00017776279],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003465961,0.00047880824,0.00021643018,0.00045063102,0.00006550171,0.00012406523,0.000400777,0.00064423546,0.0014802155],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000019993971,0.000035795827,0.0042582187,0.000475766,0.00041950462,0.0010784352,0.00037130518,0.98105335,0.0007286168,0.004694159,0.006716334,0.00014854618],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005064392,0.000011799547,0.0050297473,0.00028893113,0.00019185817,0.000005700442,0.00020120257,0.98509765,0.00053601444,0.004620708,0.0025965043,0.00091344706],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00021215608,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00014407065,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0041198293,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017002907,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004509267,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99976635},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385972828","doi":"10.1088/1748-0221/18/08/p08016","title":"Skipper-CCD sensors for the Oscura experiment: requirements and preliminary tests","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Instrumentation","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Snolab","funders":"Fermilab; Basic Energy Sciences; Office of Science; U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Context (archaeology); Detector; Computer science; Physics; Optics; Geology","score_opus":0.023135474206292656,"score_gpt":0.28977091386719783,"score_spread":0.2666354396609052,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4385972828","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9979682,0.00025105063,0.00029174652,0.0005357992,0.0006410157,0.000146455,0.0000036556853,0.00004483546,0.00011723959],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988077,0.0002992162,0.0005876577,0.000040981926,0.00015263207,0.000008016282,0.0000034702691,0.000017467508,0.00008281597],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994147,0.000011289568,0.0002439027,0.000053499767,0.00015521844,0.000121405945],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99968123,0.0000967919,0.000081179285,0.000063346364,0.00004251312,0.000034953297],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001752733,0.00007750632,0.00008707073,0.00009243262,0.00008214703,0.00004668438,0.00006312888,0.000021917263,0.000009120465],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000032260104,0.000057062178,0.000043499076,0.00011789852,0.000023978697,0.00023358925,0.000011303629,0.000069869406,0.0000052648493],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00042821,0.000108489614,0.011234303,0.0003977612,0.00070332934,0.000054056312,0.017305758,0.061629504,0.38815942,0.0004642739,0.047459427,0.47205546],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.009573994,0.0019170227,0.22841753,0.0007366586,0.0004552392,0.0007429778,0.034241363,0.30666402,0.39228457,0.0018100325,0.022215715,0.0009408676],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000018223598,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.634125e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.47111458,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004458675,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008151619,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.23269281},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386914858","doi":"10.36227/techrxiv.24165294.v1","title":"A Power-efficient Image Classifier using Neural Network with Pipelined FFT Architecture","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; MNIST database; Fast Fourier transform; Memory footprint; Artificial neural network; Artificial intelligence; Classifier (UML); Computer engineering; Parallel computing; Algorithm","score_opus":0.018439006110085792,"score_gpt":0.23448933133794914,"score_spread":0.21605032522786335,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4386914858","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7134614,0.00034076648,0.26068297,0.0006581809,0.004182738,0.0008406389,0.000063678766,0.004969817,0.014799819],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9481781,0.00001468277,0.04745861,0.00020861668,0.0011231261,0.000029472938,0.000071633185,0.0004258814,0.0024898374],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9979636,0.000038766797,0.0003604133,0.00057066436,0.00034243354,0.0007241035],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99893725,0.00006570364,0.00006664219,0.00071184203,0.00006779626,0.00015078687],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014031045,0.0005644785,0.00048153626,0.00016846869,0.00008897785,0.00021154773,0.0003245431,0.00023459042,0.00014694425],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000017106066,0.00045725956,0.00018597463,0.0003388061,0.00008776158,0.000025470134,0.0003336893,0.0012734195,0.000066455264],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018050747,0.000012282782,0.000090415604,0.00013465119,0.00009166557,0.000094105824,0.00025845153,0.99312073,0.0010442293,0.000027651999,0.0048222444,0.00028552415],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00024575056,0.000015853348,0.0005348717,0.0002763186,0.00006348254,0.00004570265,0.000093245944,0.9962538,0.00011790052,0.00018317581,0.0015322806,0.0006376076],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006217894,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000048880294,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.23471676,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011236754,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005658298,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997879},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386952806","doi":"10.1109/iceccme57830.2023.10252728","title":"New Architecture for Real-Time Image Computing Using Parallel Processing Based on DSP/FPGA","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Royal Military College of Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Field-programmable gate array; Computer science; Digital signal processing; Interconnectivity; FIFO (computing and electronics); Image processing; Digital image processing; Computer hardware; Embedded system; Component (thermodynamics); Computer architecture; Parallel processing; Image (mathematics); Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.013866009519360385,"score_gpt":0.25383444830257257,"score_spread":0.2399684387832122,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4386952806","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.10969053,0.000021445832,0.87028277,0.0005292641,0.00021972814,0.00040250187,0.000010304765,0.0036898097,0.015153659],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.48899212,0.0000033884544,0.50799024,0.00027684338,0.000608775,0.000006102014,0.00005900221,0.00019781318,0.0018657445],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990328,0.000010748476,0.00018012764,0.00022320778,0.00014144089,0.00041169923],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995648,0.00012137137,0.000025465675,0.00017106936,0.000024942354,0.00009231482],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000116290954,0.00019269543,0.00018634078,0.00015549267,0.00012316438,0.00010244987,0.000112777576,0.000052498584,0.000045185636],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000027461621,0.00018069205,0.000080450045,0.00033727416,0.000015696647,0.000059816743,0.000018031364,0.00012832292,0.00006663172],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000140114635,0.0000061303813,0.000022606939,0.00015617655,0.00000997767,0.000008267085,0.00022918968,0.9050454,0.04096946,0.00001743089,0.0080565335,0.045464825],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00045796888,0.000016939588,0.00019999404,0.00012772866,0.000013330204,0.000003997784,0.00004286004,0.9934723,0.0040324046,0.00018131871,0.001214606,0.00023656515],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000044373275,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000037103775,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.37930158,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004351127,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000039337312,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7368408},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4387325097","doi":"10.1117/12.2685872","title":"Custom ASICs for data center video processing: advancements in AI-ML integrated, high-performance VPUs for hyper-scaled platforms","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Application-specific integrated circuit; Transcoding; Computer architecture; Video processing; Encoding (memory); Embedded system; SIMD; Computer hardware; Video tracking; Data center; Software; Multimedia; Artificial intelligence; Operating system","score_opus":0.030498815168876096,"score_gpt":0.2764264169314785,"score_spread":0.24592760176260242,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4387325097","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9413611,0.00011131537,0.053509533,0.00034610045,0.001129615,0.0011400924,0.0003627194,0.0011851438,0.00085437106],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98761314,0.000111319045,0.0082276175,0.0002483048,0.00012992918,0.00019250672,0.001351136,0.00009649538,0.0020295298],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986377,0.0000021619676,0.00033888064,0.000344757,0.00014497033,0.0005315267],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993783,0.000051883813,0.00003130797,0.00041257316,0.00006331039,0.000062620085],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001870725,0.00022587436,0.0002412773,0.00015782946,0.000074905336,0.00007047774,0.00040057293,0.000075217664,0.0000174224],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000045948764,0.00018810976,0.000033202617,0.00042429162,0.0000252648,0.0007927607,0.00008256758,0.00015824557,0.000050581326],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00044384308,0.000263222,0.01976356,0.0023357458,0.00012458,0.0000100677225,0.00072659977,0.050758433,0.0045917435,0.00051842636,0.10261559,0.8178482],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0021013604,0.00004722928,0.0005568186,0.0001635947,0.000014176724,0.0000033214567,0.00018385191,0.8700433,0.0051050303,0.0002585689,0.12121031,0.00031244906],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000013233023,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006349605,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.81928486,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000085938096,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000030733532,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7670893},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4387771193","doi":"10.1117/12.2679002","title":"Development of a 1U new space camera for EMCCD and CCD sensors with enhanced low-light sensitivity","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal; Canadian Space Agency","funders":"","keywords":"Coronagraph; Electronics; Situation awareness; Sensitivity (control systems); Computer science; Telescope; Remote sensing; Image sensor; James Webb Space Telescope; Orbital mechanics; Optics; Physics; Exoplanet; Artificial intelligence; Electrical engineering; Aerospace engineering; Computer vision; Engineering; Electronic engineering; Satellite","score_opus":0.007131008623030598,"score_gpt":0.20401411806217815,"score_spread":0.19688310943914755,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4387771193","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9754594,0.000018556744,0.022027774,0.00025163114,0.00007549199,0.00018588474,0.0000040650248,0.00037613124,0.0016010863],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9631597,0.000011483805,0.033734236,0.000021994358,0.000039156497,0.0000066428443,0.0000055664023,0.00003585094,0.00298537],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99932146,0.000006400388,0.00014626086,0.00016784472,0.00011543942,0.00024258572],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99966514,0.00006961198,0.000021161592,0.00012262374,0.000037137368,0.00008435003],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009695039,0.00014510103,0.00019920421,0.00007594705,0.000041889863,0.000016583168,0.000027141894,0.000035364108,0.000010823646],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001714065,0.00012212475,0.000024557514,0.00021389124,0.0000200577,0.000054226224,0.000017746655,0.00005467979,0.000017678341],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007825803,0.000030432071,0.00025908128,0.00056494115,0.00022698016,0.000031526306,0.0103018265,0.01653075,0.9272755,0.0004402765,0.009072941,0.035187528],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00075871777,0.000023632127,0.0027483406,0.000105771345,0.000019231435,0.0000126228315,0.0010371082,0.02534425,0.959563,0.000021921423,0.010042121,0.0003232837],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000023457944,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00018688796,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.034864243,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000023599558,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004109452,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.49801028},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4388205919","doi":"10.21741/9781644902813-119","title":"Simulations for in-flight stellar calibration aimed at monitoring space instruments optical performance","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Materials research proceedings","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Division of Materials Research","keywords":"Orbiter; Coronagraph; Remote sensing; Calibration; Computer science; Optical telescope; Orbital mechanics; Optical instrument; Scientific instrument; Optics; Physics; Spacecraft; On board; Aerospace engineering; Exoplanet; Stars; Satellite; Telescope; Astronomy; Engineering","score_opus":0.059921148980302444,"score_gpt":0.3337044761072908,"score_spread":0.2737833271269884,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4388205919","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9977372,0.000009080327,0.000007904885,0.00021431288,0.0003324937,0.00053058215,0.00001674334,0.00030823384,0.00084339455],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99867785,0.00006635371,0.0002657398,0.0000020525126,0.00027168888,0.00012629814,0.000019432046,0.000047110017,0.00052347593],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99851793,0.000010097551,0.00023930435,0.00020829165,0.00044652048,0.0005778609],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999584,0.000078967205,0.000016205246,0.000081668906,0.00015787342,0.00008124469],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007470282,0.000119543496,0.00015319696,0.00025910672,0.00018855846,0.00020645576,0.00014422495,0.00008258246,0.00003656176],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017312639,0.00012267249,0.000017897575,0.0005772187,0.000042837546,0.00036321863,0.00010604596,0.00012263628,0.00008571196],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000038446204,0.000012170121,0.014774167,0.0004404987,0.0000109325465,0.0000011113666,0.0006100109,0.0022007665,0.980106,0.000135337,0.0011946949,0.00047587825],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003688643,0.0000359344,0.01678488,0.00011885903,0.0000029278515,0.0000012159556,0.00014460039,0.060313813,0.92057097,0.00008827177,0.0014376537,0.00013198939],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000074840145,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000014944022,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.059534997,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023821201,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000022234026,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5002439},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4388585647","doi":"10.48550/arxiv.2311.05618","title":"Follow-up strategy of ILMT discovered supernovae","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"arXiv (Cornell University)","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Université de Liège; Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; Fonds De La Recherche Scientifique - FNRS; Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India; York University","keywords":"Supernova; Sky; Telescope; Zenith; Physics; Astrophysics; Field of view; Light curve; Optics; Astronomy; Remote sensing; Geography","score_opus":0.08202960522740274,"score_gpt":0.18094595406765596,"score_spread":0.09891634884025322,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4388585647","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9896508,0.000073556526,0.003944404,0.000014056946,0.0013186672,0.00017038429,0.00021477032,0.0005453797,0.0040680035],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9918084,0.00028715967,0.000031416257,0.000005168323,0.00007786217,4.9423494e-7,0.00008788677,0.00007754183,0.0076240385],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99883056,0.00003052973,0.00022448717,0.0004969581,0.000082583094,0.00033488232],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990025,0.00005809074,0.00007052928,0.0006992451,0.00006872805,0.00010091402],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008567343,0.00032196302,0.00041334747,0.00023558187,0.000040779152,0.000035541463,0.00051959493,0.00023862641,0.000082758364],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000019330924,0.00039403443,0.000276671,0.0004102742,0.00009590029,0.00012640696,0.0003283142,0.00048644707,0.00013810307],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000029886032,0.000027528617,0.0036159032,0.00040147602,0.00029926546,0.00020861054,0.00023097699,0.98747444,0.0010100543,0.0045932536,0.001819833,0.0002887612],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003793826,0.000112446745,0.027526896,0.0010963246,0.0008730692,0.000011710342,0.0029063444,0.90936285,0.008062976,0.040716495,0.0024542317,0.0030828153],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000381913,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00017024312,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07811159,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012710581,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006870702,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99985117},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4388667101","doi":"10.1109/dft59622.2023.10313555","title":"Image Degradation in Time Due to Interacting Hot Pixels","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Pixel; Computer vision; Degradation (telecommunications); Artificial intelligence; Computer science; JPEG; Mean squared error; Image (mathematics); Mathematics; Statistics","score_opus":0.009312865694929971,"score_gpt":0.23583718115303132,"score_spread":0.22652431545810134,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4388667101","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98315156,0.0000028457437,0.0013453905,0.00025404638,0.00015847533,0.00006266366,0.0000013623106,0.00067574746,0.014347884],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99307656,0.0000019374716,0.0027408674,0.00007302227,0.000045475725,0.000006177268,0.000011374299,0.00002410518,0.004020497],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99958956,0.0000065790587,0.00010279849,0.000083629784,0.00006574161,0.00015168772],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998148,0.000056122877,0.0000048835077,0.00008456595,0.000008293687,0.000031307663],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009152366,0.000060731345,0.00007086821,0.00014844646,0.0000125317165,0.000043867403,0.00006341512,0.000015484784,0.0001878574],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000054130014,0.000062450374,0.00001575559,0.00035648534,0.0000029471964,0.00012625789,0.00002281968,0.00007055926,0.0029809219],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001374176,0.000025583726,0.001986166,0.00006984052,0.00002303938,0.00016935632,0.002567607,0.022551507,0.8377808,0.00010511911,0.07419988,0.06050737],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00041252427,0.00002027999,0.03676405,0.00015510121,0.0000061862875,0.000028314042,0.00074268336,0.85972786,0.08989827,0.00013609159,0.011592886,0.00051574834],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000036712543,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002697574,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8371764,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000033952296,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000021843075,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99779534},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4388930993","doi":"10.20944/preprints202311.1420.v1","title":"FPGA Implementation of Complex-Valued Neural Network for Polar-Represented Image Classification","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"Preprints.org","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"","keywords":"Field-programmable gate array; Computer science; MNIST database; Artificial neural network; Implementation; Convolutional neural network; Contextual image classification; Artificial intelligence; VHDL; Machine learning; Inference; Resource (disambiguation); Computer engineering; Image (mathematics); Embedded system","score_opus":0.1987168277990281,"score_gpt":0.3936007438431155,"score_spread":0.1948839160440874,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4388930993","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98535734,0.00006103531,0.00800444,0.00052224443,0.0016625134,0.0017370139,0.0005416556,0.001245684,0.0008680881],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99490476,0.000051062314,0.002268814,0.00003059195,0.00042761525,0.00031546905,0.0015426794,0.00015026014,0.00030874452],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99754345,0.00009642678,0.0008551222,0.00068877725,0.0003132365,0.000503002],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981368,0.00012355651,0.00030822333,0.0011073101,0.00022538849,0.00009867451],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005393159,0.00038486772,0.00051946606,0.0001761115,0.000091573274,0.00003713514,0.0005176154,0.0001990307,0.00026517603],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010202124,0.0004612807,0.00031285043,0.00025014143,0.00008213031,0.0001123887,0.00050300197,0.0004836589,0.00018526625],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012251585,0.000111809866,0.50096524,0.0023455878,0.0009465356,0.0000074443024,0.0019378817,0.22635646,0.24745046,0.0006810892,0.013956648,0.0051183025],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00065146433,0.000011839747,0.80910057,0.00010710429,0.00014244483,0.0000025222935,0.0004147121,0.15102966,0.034969624,0.0016910796,0.0014199435,0.0004590624],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00061724876,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00010980318,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3081353,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014940713,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004936349,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997839},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389667411","doi":"10.1109/nssmicrtsd49126.2023.10338286","title":"Optimizing FPGA-based Sparse Coding for Real-time Processing in X-ray Instrumentation","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut interdisciplinaire d'innovation technologique","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Field-programmable gate array; Data compression; Quantization (signal processing); Throughput; Algorithm; Compression ratio; Computer engineering; Artificial intelligence; Real-time computing; Computational science; Computer hardware","score_opus":0.020408645034754008,"score_gpt":0.2542509894057481,"score_spread":0.23384234437099408,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389667411","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9694841,0.000019065326,0.021224473,0.00022213825,0.00018000155,0.00036699296,0.000005712403,0.0017520955,0.0067454465],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.977226,0.000012209384,0.02219294,0.000037637365,0.00004048483,0.000038124035,0.000039333965,0.00004030044,0.0003729686],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993589,0.0000070042815,0.00017302077,0.00013225625,0.00008239967,0.00024643922],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99981457,0.00004406377,0.000017546106,0.00007552903,0.000016685515,0.00003162537],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014691813,0.00009982982,0.000112164445,0.00019216862,0.000049217906,0.00005769345,0.000054774693,0.000033327466,0.000026936732],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001862832,0.000106446394,0.000029546754,0.00036793464,0.000010540005,0.00015838166,0.0000073527754,0.000054442437,0.000045963032],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013259988,0.000012358855,0.00033680373,0.0002401125,0.0000058091446,0.0000067456244,0.0008324618,0.8569316,0.1010017,0.00010796439,0.0010776244,0.03943354],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00055292464,0.000008571006,0.00064466096,0.00009683397,0.0000054986876,4.408164e-7,0.00031279022,0.9728666,0.025017802,0.000034371657,0.0003169059,0.00014260322],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000018067352,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000011263482,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.115934975,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007013998,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016766635,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4340758},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389667931","doi":"10.1109/nssmicrtsd49126.2023.10338213","title":"Feasibility Study of Drift Detector Structures in Amorphous Selenium Detectors","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Detector; Resistive touchscreen; Noise (video); Energy (signal processing); Optoelectronics; Image resolution; Physics; X-ray detector; Silicon drift detector; Optics; Electrical engineering; Computer science; Engineering","score_opus":0.016462458758815784,"score_gpt":0.24342754809845735,"score_spread":0.22696508933964157,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389667931","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9983863,0.000022026748,0.000018860997,0.000004727156,0.00024589576,0.00027392426,0.00000438829,0.0006817687,0.00036209493],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997967,0.0000032425705,0.00007312387,0.000004260248,0.000024341001,0.000007929251,0.0000011727897,0.000028472989,0.000060791153],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.999149,0.00002959931,0.00024601835,0.00017950243,0.00016020662,0.00023566182],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99958724,0.00005676984,0.000016659336,0.0002765831,0.00001925907,0.00004346857],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011436179,0.00013316532,0.00020503817,0.00019136762,0.000018153249,0.000011986062,0.00013004776,0.000043949625,0.00008113775],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003983374,0.00012029076,0.000038731177,0.0006387477,0.00002049998,0.000047863294,0.00003234418,0.0001412584,0.000020152796],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005011304,0.0002249077,0.7734089,0.00020585021,0.00008907992,0.000050508046,0.005319002,0.08674442,0.12544678,0.000029521967,0.0010797448,0.007351165],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00081447704,0.00008197368,0.9234247,0.000007480053,0.000010319388,0.000002294876,0.0020294671,0.010995278,0.062230248,0.00013400009,0.00005967355,0.00021008408],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00037643415,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001995642,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.15001579,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000041756197,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007581733,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.49053147},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389943295","doi":"10.1051/0004-6361/202346012","title":"J-PLUS: Toward a homogeneous photometric calibration using <i>Gaia</i> BP/RP low-resolution spectra","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Astronomy and Astrophysics","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Planetary Science Division; National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences; European Regional Development Fund; Agencia Estatal de Investigación; Science Mission Directorate; Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie; Jiangsu Association for Science and Technology; Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory; National Development and Reform Commission; European Commission; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación; Universitat de Barcelona; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico; Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad; Queen's University; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo; Space Telescope Science Institute; National Central University; Institut de Ciències del Cosmos; Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos; Queen's University Belfast; Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; Eötvös Loránd Tudományegyetem; Los Alamos National Laboratory; European Space Agency; Johns Hopkins University; National Science Foundation; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Durham University; Smithsonian Institution","keywords":"Physics; Astrophysics; Homogeneous; Calibration; Spectral line; Low resolution; Resolution (logic); Astronomy; Spectral resolution; High resolution; Remote sensing; Statistical physics","score_opus":0.011234868120842872,"score_gpt":0.20069310467930077,"score_spread":0.1894582365584579,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389943295","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.70425755,0.000081931656,0.29486945,0.000029584813,0.00016995434,0.00009609187,0.000023823128,0.00031720998,0.00015441403],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9836733,0.000034974146,0.01587602,0.000024176195,0.00025121096,0.0000069840125,0.000059764603,0.000040442752,0.000033125023],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991856,0.000018174054,0.00015630132,0.00019520723,0.00012066998,0.0003240154],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997104,0.000023075616,0.000031585252,0.00014019728,0.000016947675,0.00007781486],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00004961547,0.00017629795,0.00016497225,0.00016124784,0.00009147387,0.00009407739,0.00007213756,0.000037684225,0.000008633195],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000036030742,0.00019869018,0.00006141006,0.0006653302,0.000035272282,0.0002489167,0.000036553665,0.00014945476,0.000033976154],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000017306038,0.000035515754,0.00043721165,0.00008843869,0.00008540079,0.000022690983,0.0006256592,0.8169606,0.08209731,0.00039195485,0.0005473164,0.09869063],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000826811,0.00008166799,0.00228528,0.00008073113,0.00006967789,0.000022255788,0.00055342255,0.9535476,0.031974427,0.00016696182,0.009826493,0.00056466163],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000027196162,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000011372723,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2794158,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000064795895,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000027884542,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.810235},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391024782","doi":"10.15353/cjo.v48i3.4497","title":"Effects of Alcohol on the Human Vision System","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian journal of optometry/CJO. Canadian journal of optometry","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Alcohol; Human body; Psychology; Psychiatry; Computer science; Artificial intelligence; Biology; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.007311689460534302,"score_gpt":0.26257997091200797,"score_spread":0.2552682814514737,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4391024782","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98596853,0.00612881,0.00028009422,0.0008231286,0.0030352175,0.00016370016,0.00007116956,0.000015033715,0.0035143108],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99824154,0.00008651719,0.00040206447,0.00024236109,0.00070161925,0.0000012731628,0.0000033251029,0.00011978566,0.00020149302],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.996039,0.0002659669,0.0015627014,0.00023079314,0.00086779974,0.0010337614],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99391985,0.00055944314,0.0008228239,0.0005036618,0.0012496616,0.0029445328],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0013456284,0.00049346476,0.001089499,0.004478308,0.0004055529,0.00035490593,0.0011494235,0.00027529045,0.0003442645],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005891967,0.00041440726,0.000687222,0.0030166374,0.00026901957,0.00042921936,0.000018606755,0.0015623581,0.00002816474],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007049623,0.00015066456,0.8094843,0.0028378288,0.003658531,0.027968261,0.0033662063,0.020160034,0.031992503,0.00043278313,0.09543054,0.0044478388],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0037376885,0.0006841296,0.87552845,0.007272252,0.0007268438,0.011286121,0.0042835176,0.0007800648,0.08031521,0.0000141792525,0.014065255,0.0013062774],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00083945174,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00059866084,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08136528,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0014939219,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0025317662,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998308},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391243473","doi":"10.1117/12.3002367","title":"Virtual prototyping of CMOS image sensor camera","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ansys (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Image sensor; Pixel; Computer science; CMOS sensor; Software; Photonics; Solver; CMOS; Finite-difference time-domain method; Optics; Computer vision; Artificial intelligence; Physics; Optoelectronics","score_opus":0.005534832631401922,"score_gpt":0.2169264678293975,"score_spread":0.2113916351979956,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4391243473","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8698984,0.0011660883,0.019245692,0.00036559897,0.0009752676,0.00058375095,0.00002186844,0.00279737,0.104945965],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99502015,0.000029432435,0.002534806,0.000025764068,0.00010805212,0.000012792072,0.0000016145838,0.000037354504,0.002230022],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99953866,0.0000057483194,0.00013283193,0.00010111311,0.00008206839,0.00013955252],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998037,0.000029701723,0.000004492405,0.00011572061,0.000015819895,0.00003057223],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00004727079,0.000088117406,0.000099313336,0.000064702544,0.000012005445,0.00003623307,0.000052082072,0.000025845278,0.00030746235],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009251081,0.00007775166,0.00005028051,0.00015653047,0.000027866214,0.000096683514,0.000011385445,0.00010430022,0.00017685544],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001400959,0.000038032227,0.00019231581,0.0013188259,0.00024832273,0.00014402761,0.0032279438,0.004928376,0.7621234,0.011809652,0.025415909,0.19053917],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00026192138,0.00006127314,0.00044155418,0.000340491,0.00003813565,0.000061041144,0.00088926946,0.47147292,0.42987788,0.0002050959,0.09586307,0.00048737193],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000015934953,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000017621414,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.46654454,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001977197,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009269157,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.33664972},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391287009","doi":"10.13009/ao4elt7-2023-043","title":"Subpixel pupil tracking on METIS for ELT","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Subpixel rendering; Metis; Pupil; Computer science; Eye tracking; Tracking (education); Artificial intelligence; Computer vision; Computer graphics (images); Pixel; Optics; Physics; World Wide Web; Psychology","score_opus":0.015940974640211214,"score_gpt":0.2232068112803797,"score_spread":0.20726583664016848,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4391287009","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.79163677,0.0005050539,0.09240199,0.010980238,0.00071976846,0.00063621596,0.00009912751,0.0033284891,0.099692345],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9859019,0.00017244117,0.005608068,0.00007196951,0.000029273637,0.000048571514,0.00012565369,0.00006226651,0.007979876],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986758,0.00034903688,0.0002135194,0.00025936528,0.0001851172,0.00031712375],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99784184,0.0010172799,0.000046286215,0.00065761607,0.0003485616,0.00008840213],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0016213404,0.00015271349,0.00015499709,0.00015330706,0.0002002474,0.00015164253,0.0003496595,0.00006479928,0.000049186143],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006118069,0.00016695993,0.00011010372,0.000477484,0.000052678795,0.00010470148,0.00005456443,0.00015456558,0.00015826171],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000028471657,0.00040269148,0.002413656,0.00043191155,0.0002131742,0.000016842596,0.019357812,0.0063975938,0.10598637,0.15803061,0.05590827,0.65081257],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012383391,9.2804504e-7,0.010920368,0.00084201636,0.000045356996,0.0000105493355,0.00037891555,0.2852581,0.45217913,0.003581946,0.24479708,0.00074724323],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000056302673,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00018490315,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.65006536,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000050699775,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001909833,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6808428},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391345032","doi":"10.3390/s24030897","title":"FPGA Implementation of Complex-Valued Neural Network for Polar-Represented Image Classification","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Sensors","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"","keywords":"Field-programmable gate array; Computer science; MNIST database; Artificial neural network; Convolutional neural network; Artificial intelligence; Contextual image classification; Implementation; Machine learning; Inference; Computer engineering; Resource (disambiguation); Image (mathematics); Embedded system","score_opus":0.029967725838669267,"score_gpt":0.31221237331080925,"score_spread":0.28224464747214,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4391345032","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99049896,0.0002642713,0.005506124,0.00052932487,0.00081826723,0.0004623081,0.00021104749,0.000658284,0.0010513897],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9962361,0.0000125388415,0.0030567343,0.000024645335,0.0002268037,0.000015142353,0.0002214131,0.000049213948,0.00015741859],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99914086,0.000027211549,0.00027839566,0.0001777003,0.00012469965,0.00025116364],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996153,0.00007719435,0.000029686827,0.00018251452,0.000053897562,0.00004141203],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000115869945,0.00012825809,0.00014773614,0.00008151696,0.000045869136,0.000052084895,0.00007627534,0.000036582638,0.00007598262],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000131232,0.00013218613,0.00010308952,0.0002477336,0.00003850561,0.00009588259,0.000010689721,0.000087180444,0.000019518777],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008141632,0.000049119866,0.0033325506,0.0013819556,0.0005354441,0.000020634405,0.0030850805,0.18172333,0.5406792,0.0069985446,0.17704397,0.085068725],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00033826544,0.000028235772,0.019840294,0.00003445873,0.000060893977,0.000008527401,0.00082278374,0.9500621,0.017032392,0.0003643119,0.0112172505,0.0001905085],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009024929,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000035948226,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.76833874,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004175066,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010329417,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5390394},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392267663","doi":"","title":"Optimization of very low noise CCD readout and control for the DAMIC experiment","year":2020,"lang":"fr","type":"preprint","venue":"theses.fr (ABES)","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Noise (video); Physics; Computer science; Artificial intelligence; Image (mathematics)","score_opus":0.016479580264902857,"score_gpt":0.23659691954125137,"score_spread":0.22011733927634852,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4392267663","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.112059906,0.01721673,0.8473704,0.006931631,0.0037167289,0.0043495377,0.0007072812,0.00048423992,0.007163573],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9908279,0.0016732783,0.006326273,0.0001536152,0.00048045654,0.00017174373,0.000051861785,0.00013072316,0.00018411592],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981434,0.00009126566,0.0005796971,0.0005032681,0.0002672939,0.00041512397],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99812907,0.0007225525,0.00021358769,0.0006911273,0.00011420884,0.00012946597],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00030052042,0.00049867935,0.0007154336,0.000070063485,0.000113183596,0.00010993613,0.0004105903,0.0002370004,0.000137556],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018656331,0.0004272838,0.00024819258,0.00010947156,0.00021903073,0.00010120189,0.00020232721,0.00042369723,0.00002670449],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00018453386,0.00010446465,0.00015285335,0.0010105239,0.0005748424,0.00000631441,0.009178059,0.94891685,0.02242009,0.011035409,0.00023935451,0.0061767194],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0019895432,0.00009225555,0.0003783486,0.0007330346,0.00055856013,0.000011782487,0.002647047,0.95584905,0.02704369,0.0005003431,0.009608377,0.00058795686],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008153926,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000010980363,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.878768,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014620087,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000617877,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998179},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392428799","doi":"10.1364/ao.521079","title":"Optical modeling of systematic uncertainties in detector polarization angles for the Atacama Cosmology Telescope","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"Applied Optics","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Canada Foundation for Innovation; University of Pennsylvania; Princeton University; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Cosmology; Physics; Polarization (electrochemistry); Telescope; Detector; Astronomy; Astrophysics; Observational cosmology; Optics; Remote sensing; Geology; Dark energy","score_opus":0.021037952752525093,"score_gpt":0.23700131674256059,"score_spread":0.2159633639900355,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4392428799","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.60886824,0.0062344302,0.37720507,0.00016327867,0.0017268127,0.0038725608,0.0001696448,0.000494281,0.0012656604],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9898885,0.00010355795,0.009506703,0.000013482716,0.00009947584,0.00025608623,0.00003924139,0.000073771516,0.000019208117],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988446,0.0000125950055,0.0005462912,0.00022085945,0.00014284252,0.00023276369],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991319,0.00034367124,0.000058412097,0.0003840014,0.000056845816,0.000025164638],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025158873,0.00023776932,0.0005014296,0.00013877726,0.000027579232,0.00006721788,0.00028295108,0.00024698046,0.0000010689042],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008175766,0.00018822109,0.00009349752,0.00013162602,0.000058316862,0.000012025189,0.00020404438,0.00048479807,0.000004618414],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009749889,0.000009537645,0.000007061997,0.029040305,0.00011833736,0.0000015798835,0.00045093382,0.9456935,0.0016846734,0.022713326,0.00001813754,0.00025289343],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00012314829,0.000008271647,0.0000067153123,0.001799883,0.00021257483,0.0000030505923,0.00048246997,0.98424053,0.0015634238,0.0113680195,0.00000391271,0.00018801971],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002481632,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000027396834,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3810202,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008857527,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000043483502,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7675434},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4393412950","doi":"10.5281/zenodo.4095912","title":"Plasticity of GABA Inhibition in the Early Visual Cortex of Human Adults: Exp1 dataset","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"dataset","venue":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Visual cortex; Neuroscience; Plasticity; Neuroplasticity; Cortex (anatomy); Biology; Psychology; Physics","score_opus":0.02119140347972204,"score_gpt":0.2443852728734355,"score_spread":0.22319386939371347,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4393412950","genre_codex":"dataset","genre_gemma":"dataset","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"dataset","genre_consensus":"dataset","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.027564958,0.000019706224,0.00005875969,0.000026891414,0.000046264526,0.00029101645,0.9712441,0.00014105698,0.0006072659],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.16174494,0.00006116801,0.0000075842804,0.000029795441,0.00007894719,3.912375e-8,0.83768165,0.00039274758,0.0000031500379],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984564,0.00021003207,0.00042734176,0.00026481537,0.0004160376,0.00022536835],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992537,0.00003798091,0.0001381884,0.0003613586,0.00014211179,0.00006668527],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.000256794,0.00018493668,0.0002573815,0.0002376584,0.00024662312,0.00014375037,0.00066951074,0.00009137722,0.0016679356],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00027620414,0.00017786429,0.00004641068,0.0004915124,0.00015825484,0.00012930443,0.00042175027,0.00050572795,0.0011017704],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003861281,0.000102037644,5.175496e-7,0.00048117715,0.000027031916,0.000028301756,0.00056724774,0.0000717404,0.0031085184,0.00002918577,0.9947932,0.0007524359],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00047446188,0.0002859358,0.0004917151,0.00021826017,0.000029684461,0.000026227453,0.00032545414,0.00027806757,0.00066200236,0.000009467305,0.99701715,0.00018159839],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000094130686,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000050376634,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.13417998,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000053459677,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000025356458,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999676},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4393459929","doi":"10.5281/zenodo.4095827","title":"Plasticity of GABA Inhibition in the Early Visual Cortex of Human Adults: Exp2 dataset","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"dataset","venue":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Visual cortex; Neuroscience; Psychology; Cortex (anatomy); Neuroplasticity; Plasticity; Cognitive psychology; Physics","score_opus":0.02117796526201101,"score_gpt":0.24435565088212147,"score_spread":0.22317768562011045,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4393459929","genre_codex":"dataset","genre_gemma":"dataset","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"dataset","genre_consensus":"dataset","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.027661622,0.000017393571,0.00005153166,0.000027021752,0.000046251207,0.00029094727,0.9711585,0.00014104595,0.00060568313],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.16192141,0.00006123356,0.000007521476,0.000029789044,0.000078913494,3.9115502e-8,0.8375053,0.00039265357,0.0000031442787],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984566,0.00021004715,0.00042723838,0.00026477405,0.00041600046,0.00022534968],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992539,0.000037981124,0.00013814808,0.00036132857,0.0001418984,0.000066686356],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.000256693,0.00018492456,0.00025736203,0.00023746351,0.00024672732,0.00014376927,0.0006693915,0.000091362,0.0016804065],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002757986,0.00017785601,0.00004640279,0.0004913142,0.00015843693,0.00012933851,0.00042175452,0.0005056803,0.0011008795],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003871643,0.00010204768,5.086404e-7,0.0004812097,0.000027032978,0.000028265127,0.0005690706,0.00006007652,0.0031257635,0.000029306104,0.994782,0.00075600756],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00047452404,0.0002857821,0.0004895165,0.00021819623,0.000029680155,0.000026201906,0.0003259999,0.00027848862,0.0006674524,0.00000949231,0.9970131,0.0001815684],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008857928,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000508051,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.13425979,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005345093,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000025353233,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996769},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4393587816","doi":"10.5281/zenodo.4095828","title":"Plasticity of GABA Inhibition in the Early Visual Cortex of Human Adults: Exp2 dataset","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"dataset","venue":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Visual cortex; Neuroscience; Plasticity; Cortex (anatomy); Neuroplasticity; Psychology; Biology; Physics","score_opus":0.02117796526201101,"score_gpt":0.24435565088212147,"score_spread":0.22317768562011045,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4393587816","genre_codex":"dataset","genre_gemma":"dataset","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"dataset","genre_consensus":"dataset","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.027661622,0.000017393571,0.00005153166,0.000027021752,0.000046251207,0.00029094727,0.9711585,0.00014104595,0.00060568313],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.16192141,0.00006123356,0.000007521476,0.000029789044,0.000078913494,3.9115502e-8,0.8375053,0.00039265357,0.0000031442787],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984566,0.00021004715,0.00042723838,0.00026477405,0.00041600046,0.00022534968],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992539,0.000037981124,0.00013814808,0.00036132857,0.0001418984,0.000066686356],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.000256693,0.00018492456,0.00025736203,0.00023746351,0.00024672732,0.00014376927,0.0006693915,0.000091362,0.0016804065],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002757986,0.00017785601,0.00004640279,0.0004913142,0.00015843693,0.00012933851,0.00042175452,0.0005056803,0.0011008795],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003871643,0.00010204768,5.086404e-7,0.0004812097,0.000027032978,0.000028265127,0.0005690706,0.00006007652,0.0031257635,0.000029306104,0.994782,0.00075600756],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00047452404,0.0002857821,0.0004895165,0.00021819623,0.000029680155,0.000026201906,0.0003259999,0.00027848862,0.0006674524,0.00000949231,0.9970131,0.0001815684],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008857928,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000508051,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.13425979,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005345093,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000025353233,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996769},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4394048898","doi":"10.5281/zenodo.4095913","title":"Plasticity of GABA Inhibition in the Early Visual Cortex of Human Adults: Exp1 dataset","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"dataset","venue":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Visual cortex; Neuroscience; Neuroplasticity; Plasticity; Psychology; Cortex (anatomy); Biology; Physics","score_opus":0.02119140347972204,"score_gpt":0.2443852728734355,"score_spread":0.22319386939371347,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4394048898","genre_codex":"dataset","genre_gemma":"dataset","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"dataset","genre_consensus":"dataset","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.027564958,0.000019706224,0.00005875969,0.000026891414,0.000046264526,0.00029101645,0.9712441,0.00014105698,0.0006072659],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.16174494,0.00006116801,0.0000075842804,0.000029795441,0.00007894719,3.912375e-8,0.83768165,0.00039274758,0.0000031500379],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984564,0.00021003207,0.00042734176,0.00026481537,0.0004160376,0.00022536835],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992537,0.00003798091,0.0001381884,0.0003613586,0.00014211179,0.00006668527],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.000256794,0.00018493668,0.0002573815,0.0002376584,0.00024662312,0.00014375037,0.00066951074,0.00009137722,0.0016679356],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00027620414,0.00017786429,0.00004641068,0.0004915124,0.00015825484,0.00012930443,0.00042175027,0.00050572795,0.0011017704],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003861281,0.000102037644,5.175496e-7,0.00048117715,0.000027031916,0.000028301756,0.00056724774,0.0000717404,0.0031085184,0.00002918577,0.9947932,0.0007524359],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00047446188,0.0002859358,0.0004917151,0.00021826017,0.000029684461,0.000026227453,0.00032545414,0.00027806757,0.00066200236,0.000009467305,0.99701715,0.00018159839],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000094130686,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000050376634,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.13417998,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000053459677,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000025356458,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999676},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4394064430","doi":"10.2316/j.2024.201-0340","title":"HUMAN IDENTIFICATION USING AI, 65-75. SI","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Mechatronic systems and control","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Identification (biology); Computational biology; Computer science; Artificial intelligence; Biology; Botany","score_opus":0.007451124077263065,"score_gpt":0.22832496636655472,"score_spread":0.22087384228929166,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4394064430","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.75132406,0.06420209,0.17661041,0.0002144964,0.0042694937,0.0006855933,0.000037129834,0.0015112871,0.0011454351],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990571,0.000021041755,0.000007999764,0.000020110965,0.00035284157,0.000021800244,0.0000030073702,0.000035326113,0.00048073722],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992312,0.000023642047,0.00023274377,0.00018380544,0.00011214057,0.00021643903],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997355,0.000015832708,0.000017346263,0.00016504202,0.000019569583,0.000046759615],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020107448,0.00012808276,0.000172782,0.000084850595,0.00008509756,0.00030389355,0.00006010848,0.00005637836,0.0000134785205],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000031346835,0.00012013806,0.000051038267,0.000084110514,0.000014384509,0.00014085067,0.0000070001483,0.00012111408,0.00003126646],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007424982,0.000025332203,0.00042908412,0.0019124205,0.00063324795,0.00006660908,0.0009927668,0.05900166,0.8043846,0.107940994,0.0025942258,0.022011658],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00036205,0.000012009234,0.00018637162,0.000173737,0.00008483677,0.000052345786,0.00020246817,0.98625815,0.0005057923,0.00034329537,0.011627293,0.0001916641],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010624526,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006422899,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.92725646,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008576048,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011818837,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.48990878},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4394948844","doi":"10.17504/protocols.io.261geo8zjl47/v1","title":"Spatial Localization of 3D Scanned EEG Electrodes with MeshLab v1","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Electroencephalography; Artificial intelligence; Computer vision; Pattern recognition (psychology); Computer science; Cartography; Geography; Psychology; Neuroscience","score_opus":0.0064876689015451565,"score_gpt":0.19680739459034172,"score_spread":0.19031972568879657,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4394948844","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.06399814,0.0002919972,0.9125453,0.00030492138,0.0003527665,0.0003450313,0.000029902083,0.0010045848,0.021127308],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.996037,0.0000618206,0.0034313463,0.000057364483,0.000100899386,0.000007938881,0.00009217488,0.00006031265,0.00015115147],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991645,0.000014894936,0.00021894962,0.00023541,0.00019134552,0.00017489701],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99956733,0.000013196219,0.000049880888,0.00025056134,0.000066621666,0.000052417647],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000034088294,0.00022158855,0.0003027116,0.00006981972,0.000016214626,0.000030838248,0.00014473667,0.00011120793,0.00013695397],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000013568501,0.0001959744,0.000046843525,0.00012780502,0.000032981574,0.000031457887,0.000067490066,0.0002588471,0.000014227111],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000074903626,0.000035119294,0.0016073122,0.0012351644,0.00036226603,0.000013146366,0.00073414313,0.9670598,0.011627359,0.00060140545,0.005440112,0.011209271],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00037073105,0.000070181006,0.0006656096,0.00021189968,0.000104216,0.0000047646777,0.0000516694,0.8918258,0.10369998,0.00044283547,0.002071275,0.00048104028],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00045929383,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00021489349,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.93203884,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000048019578,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000051672014,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7991604},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4394983157","doi":"10.34028/iajit/21/3/5","title":"FPGA based Flexible Implementation of Light Weight Inference on Deep Convolutional Neural Networks","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The International Arab Journal of Information Technology","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Field-programmable gate array; Convolutional neural network; Inference; Computer science; Computer architecture; Deep neural networks; Artificial intelligence; Artificial neural network; Parallel computing; Embedded system","score_opus":0.005508000658289946,"score_gpt":0.2450666000922363,"score_spread":0.23955859943394636,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4394983157","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.42387667,0.001029767,0.54241246,0.021911623,0.0051956032,0.0002471848,0.00004247959,0.0004900465,0.004794203],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99911535,0.000068335336,0.000458945,0.00020669057,0.00011378097,0.0000041491385,0.000014040317,0.0000067500355,0.000011966388],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99899995,0.000010350753,0.00055224024,0.00003913009,0.00028799626,0.00011033547],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99937785,0.00010438928,0.00017369239,0.000088832356,0.0002352673,0.000019954432],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021362682,0.000094013754,0.00011024821,0.0006139365,0.00003507753,0.000052620562,0.00034961328,0.00005986347,0.00017897485],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000041387855,0.00006791088,0.00007217322,0.00030728767,0.00005479192,0.00052972714,0.000023109686,0.00032909613,0.00002285238],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007166151,0.000023898652,0.000715852,0.000053749296,0.00026261454,0.000007753591,0.000469824,0.7215607,0.0019178754,0.08839101,0.0055550807,0.18096997],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004681979,0.000113785085,0.00085731206,0.00011248801,0.000021882353,0.00013110394,0.0003555046,0.9293707,0.045446634,0.0039806403,0.019035678,0.00010607065],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003119546,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000254548,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5752387,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000117838994,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004611267,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.27693254},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4395095524","doi":"10.1017/9781108682404.007","title":"Visual Sensors and Algorithms","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Cambridge University Press eBooks","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"York University; McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Algorithm; Computer vision; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.01014914940290463,"score_gpt":0.1847532456334923,"score_spread":0.17460409623058767,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4395095524","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0012255403,0.0007681892,0.00008340826,0.000009316474,0.00050577946,0.00015393521,0.00015779675,0.0007747329,0.9963213],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0027767639,0.00033919595,0.000063602194,0.000013611631,0.00019919325,2.1013354e-7,0.000022067217,0.00010718293,0.9964782],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99911827,0.0000063695275,0.00012214226,0.00035964925,0.00015564727,0.00023791721],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995315,0.000034031866,0.000027287864,0.00022552353,0.000035815512,0.00014585955],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000036347115,0.0003650396,0.00031574452,0.00018346145,0.00006808629,0.00006789143,0.00013983143,0.0002546936,0.0000040773857],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000016338838,0.00044432777,0.00012577561,0.000006872784,0.00015436683,0.00004719283,0.00015098238,0.00051199895,0.000048427104],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000024698931,0.000005189547,0.0000010471757,0.00085899816,0.0006624594,0.0024949783,0.00023553705,0.00017294832,0.00029288104,0.9026771,0.082412586,0.010161532],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00019059141,0.00001666218,0.0000034458994,0.00020842641,0.00022136809,0.00006400481,0.000040749197,0.008089884,0.00034540068,0.000013289156,0.99031055,0.00049562764],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002538866,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.967914e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.90789795,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001117088,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015398533,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99980086},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4395668373","doi":"10.3847/1538-4357/ad2858","title":"The NANOGrav 12.5-Year Data Set: Dispersion Measure Misestimations with Varying Bandwidths","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Astrophysical Journal","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics; University of Toronto","funders":"Science and Technology Facilities Council","keywords":"Measure (data warehouse); Dispersion (optics); Data set; Set (abstract data type); Physics; Statistics; Mathematics; Computer science; Optics; Data mining","score_opus":0.017080435134662095,"score_gpt":0.23052892263001662,"score_spread":0.21344848749535453,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4395668373","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6116215,0.005232003,0.35405236,0.017783897,0.0033238227,0.00057166244,0.0001799288,0.0013294466,0.005905382],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99721664,0.00008431115,0.0018293856,0.000019998795,0.00067806244,0.0000017807364,0.000008337475,0.000035972305,0.00012551024],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991464,0.000043270673,0.00012690472,0.000117490694,0.00031772908,0.0002482263],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993212,0.00014452258,0.000017962742,0.00041004573,0.000027076021,0.00007914152],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017279046,0.00012762802,0.00009330538,0.000024665986,0.000501955,0.0005214617,0.0005078376,0.000017371514,0.000016627742],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000019193283,0.000059453723,0.000059352886,0.0001601451,0.00010243755,0.00024591043,0.000062811356,0.0005668062,0.000080645645],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00030308234,0.00012491045,0.00031469794,0.00014572524,0.0017228201,0.00036117472,0.0042429995,0.2368344,0.1483337,0.0063919197,0.11102364,0.4902009],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006847906,0.00014017575,0.0020318578,0.00072746613,0.000385741,0.00085124886,0.00068308745,0.947646,0.001257569,0.0013451115,0.043793973,0.00045294157],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000343353,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000017260224,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7108116,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003264391,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000033314813,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5028467},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4398132881","doi":"10.36227/techrxiv.171624070.00301513/v1","title":"A 3D Photon-to-Digital Converter Readout for Low-Power and Large-Area Applications","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut interdisciplinaire d'innovation technologique; Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"","keywords":"Power (physics); Photon; Analog-to-digital converter; Ultra low power; Physics; Computer science; Electrical engineering; Electronic engineering; Optics; Engineering; Power consumption; Voltage","score_opus":0.006959644742339687,"score_gpt":0.22491363950831558,"score_spread":0.2179539947659759,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4398132881","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.106811464,0.002305531,0.6248752,0.0018165449,0.003010213,0.007027476,0.0056503913,0.0058043976,0.24269882],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98946166,0.000033244203,0.00261289,0.00035803308,0.00013355524,0.00083012,0.00014902602,0.00012374969,0.0062976987],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990099,0.000001996311,0.00020849203,0.00041514373,0.00009209962,0.0002723442],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99938095,0.00004504908,0.000013865437,0.00039127117,0.00004844092,0.00012041318],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000049013175,0.00026747145,0.00024979754,0.0001217062,0.000029843617,0.0003107865,0.0001380707,0.00015065946,0.00011748185],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009255251,0.00025466966,0.000105253835,0.00007715208,0.000021698757,0.00005392868,0.00029275924,0.0002924309,0.00028173812],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012452857,0.00054672663,0.0007725477,0.017311592,0.0031397108,0.00008125661,0.0113336565,0.0070175887,0.005238848,0.033850078,0.76702267,0.15356079],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003713047,0.000018820618,0.00004916853,0.00030745627,0.00009596358,0.00001916975,0.00018693312,0.20169586,0.00090402365,0.0045781666,0.79093736,0.00083580334],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000063826496,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006157668,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8826502,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000047109414,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000025045154,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999906},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4399304317","doi":"10.1145/3650200.3656622","title":"Quasar-ViT: Hardware-Oriented Quantization-Aware Architecture Search for Vision Transformers","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"Universitas Brawijaya","keywords":"Computer science; Field-programmable gate array; Speedup; Computation; Inference; Quantization (signal processing); Convolutional neural network; Memory footprint; Computer engineering; Computer hardware; Computer architecture; Embedded system; Artificial intelligence; Parallel computing; Algorithm","score_opus":0.008773318612988294,"score_gpt":0.26277215276506843,"score_spread":0.25399883415208013,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4399304317","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.034885257,0.0004499267,0.9557398,0.0010048761,0.0008337854,0.00036671438,0.000085712716,0.0015003831,0.0051335315],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99545544,0.0000621787,0.0017466896,0.0000675544,0.00014666763,0.000021412357,0.00012376033,0.000080712896,0.002295609],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991314,0.000010087422,0.00016724027,0.00022139118,0.00017188689,0.00029800145],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996735,0.00008746358,0.0000034692412,0.00011889057,0.000040323437,0.000076372045],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000096728676,0.00015876259,0.00012904634,0.00016561379,0.00007212249,0.00009928308,0.000079463076,0.00006488322,0.00014179868],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000064398027,0.00013474039,0.00011778254,0.00033652748,0.00002616612,0.000121856654,0.000006801956,0.00017336043,0.00006493396],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012264264,0.00010607674,0.00038129243,0.004724992,0.0004870217,0.000051849238,0.010918532,0.24706706,0.06611469,0.02442945,0.08898866,0.5566077],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00035875477,0.00007341672,0.000110194,0.00018425347,0.000030473862,0.000014778894,0.0005324723,0.7028473,0.032561075,0.00016395646,0.26278073,0.00034259248],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000022121572,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000024571707,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.96057016,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000042718893,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000027060845,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.54945534},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4399424655","doi":"10.1117/12.3018001","title":"A take on latency measurement for vision systems","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Defence Research and Development Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Computer vision","score_opus":0.02274937644531477,"score_gpt":0.23459908305298724,"score_spread":0.21184970660767247,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4399424655","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.14563195,0.021828854,0.24719729,0.0031988274,0.02504324,0.002901591,0.000069886904,0.01425139,0.539877],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99780995,0.0000141458995,0.00011616978,0.000019309811,0.00012129984,0.000020351668,0.0000015138363,0.000023180719,0.0018740837],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99958545,0.000002932591,0.00008328946,0.00009148914,0.0001272464,0.00010961137],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998531,0.000016768829,0.0000021499754,0.000083808474,0.000019389288,0.000024817868],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000107950254,0.000066546854,0.000059266713,0.000042848733,0.000016374242,0.000071880866,0.000032803906,0.000020430958,0.000017496277],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000065484164,0.00005111389,0.00003738977,0.000054262346,0.000002867697,0.000033837758,0.000002683139,0.000041471372,0.00014489307],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000021602142,0.00006714443,0.000025916512,0.002920329,0.00025818506,0.000034630313,0.00062455237,0.14043878,0.09864011,0.04141166,0.6042245,0.1113326],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00012508492,0.000055714903,0.000060469654,0.00034223928,0.00001359159,0.000004084018,0.000041439464,0.67208767,0.0044878605,0.00014309648,0.3224976,0.00014115963],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007640558,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000015951808,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.852178,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000056170677,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000058668957,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.20843638},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4399663465","doi":"10.1117/12.3018824","title":"SPIP, a velocimeter/spectropolarimeter for Pic du Midi, Teledyne H4RG detector failure","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"MIDI; Detector; Computer science; Physics; Optics; Acoustics","score_opus":0.003918211810206266,"score_gpt":0.19009908942392137,"score_spread":0.1861808776137151,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4399663465","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.73255664,0.0053986665,0.23195353,0.0025108901,0.0037067647,0.0010325984,0.0000899979,0.007335483,0.015415431],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9822495,0.000020324596,0.0151629895,0.000117003576,0.00055212335,0.00003183562,0.000009094598,0.00009731367,0.001759837],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990726,0.000007857141,0.00018302862,0.00025279698,0.000110646906,0.00037303058],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995864,0.00009027616,0.000007282742,0.0002126582,0.000025011072,0.00007835582],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000078155965,0.00021459087,0.00018389018,0.00013822671,0.000052276187,0.00017286146,0.0001336122,0.000078506135,0.00047250264],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000026084233,0.00018455813,0.0001691853,0.00020665301,0.000026629536,0.00013990144,0.000021620639,0.00017887921,0.0003215983],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000450646,0.00008581782,0.00047850804,0.001710896,0.0010689065,0.00018976457,0.0012062847,0.0008655253,0.6495238,0.017278876,0.24267,0.08487655],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005542753,0.00014499945,0.0003880527,0.00009574873,0.00012893678,0.0001027915,0.00014525905,0.12693633,0.24315515,0.0018245874,0.6257647,0.0007591134],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000024045492,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000040410352,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.40636864,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000085792206,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001638508,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7526062},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4399670203","doi":"10.1117/12.3028609","title":"Characterization of the dark signal of the Solar Orbiter/Metis detectors","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Orbiter; Metis; Detector; Astronomy; Orbit (dynamics); Physics; SIGNAL (programming language); Remote sensing; Astrobiology; Optics; Computer science; Aerospace engineering; Geography; Engineering","score_opus":0.0037093968521464,"score_gpt":0.1679449257559702,"score_spread":0.16423552890382379,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4399670203","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9958093,0.00007372449,0.0016861787,0.000096948264,0.0004888187,0.00006814028,0.000012932166,0.00008412274,0.0016798],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994543,0.000009322273,0.000029860257,0.000020757212,0.00003351312,0.0000013062614,0.0000010958131,0.000014103236,0.00043574252],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99964046,0.000014644484,0.00011884639,0.00005540122,0.00010159885,0.0000690573],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997922,0.000020994146,0.000013635188,0.00015038675,0.000013574495,0.000009192324],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000047686528,0.00005754984,0.00006406856,0.00002462145,0.000017848139,0.000014952551,0.00009816892,0.000022334016,0.000117556],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000058484966,0.000030714848,0.000067853245,0.00022439001,0.000030031108,0.0000472234,0.000024087809,0.00007552054,0.0000049436026],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[6.4700964e-7,0.0000028906882,0.00085091626,0.00007797064,0.000020556197,3.1126203e-7,0.00033088037,0.00037307118,0.99323446,0.00012978812,0.00014476053,0.0048337253],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000031884756,0.0000045826628,0.016310522,0.00008699371,0.000018321822,0.0000035946705,0.000022778475,0.021751223,0.95905477,0.00005602628,0.0026072701,0.000052023057],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000011946307,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000047480444,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.034179702,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000010725448,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000088416555,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.12871557},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4399692197","doi":"10.2172/2371715","title":"Context-Aware Learning for Inverse Design in Photovoltaics","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"report","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Renewable Energy Laboratory; Iowa State University; Advanced Research Projects Agency; Advanced Research Projects Agency - Energy; York University; U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Photovoltaics; Context (archaeology); Inverse; Computer science; Engineering; Geography; Photovoltaic system; Mathematics; Electrical engineering; Geometry","score_opus":0.05338800572233756,"score_gpt":0.26707074193091773,"score_spread":0.21368273620858017,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4399692197","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.02100629,0.010405611,0.2666247,0.0003133135,0.023208285,0.010812852,0.00037717097,0.011375363,0.6558764],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.64384335,0.0063002417,0.0081599085,0.0005328703,0.0013602991,0.001839933,0.001300728,0.0013926947,0.33526996],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986856,0.000038016875,0.00034323518,0.0002701369,0.00031573095,0.00034727866],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994015,0.00021741552,0.000057078232,0.00019211214,0.00007606581,0.00005579574],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00052031496,0.000281392,0.00041835874,0.0002418601,0.00006695507,0.00003457097,0.00015566142,0.00017799153,0.00093127385],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00019990129,0.00031325224,0.00014293357,0.00017959192,0.000018491231,0.000050738625,0.00004416479,0.0008087094,0.000017784132],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000027314998,0.0000349148,0.0011318255,0.0011236287,0.00018570737,0.00016047929,0.0008545086,0.46976182,0.0004988713,0.000032180687,0.5041541,0.022034641],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00034410038,0.00003182821,0.000026091255,0.00007839502,0.000030736453,0.000025975636,0.00086431415,0.14431924,0.0005660245,0.00003770846,0.85326016,0.00041541952],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004741741,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003489613,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.62283707,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006001923,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00025512447,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999982},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4399771796","doi":"10.1016/j.neucom.2024.128076","title":"Structural Transformer with Region Strip Attention for Video Object Segmentation","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Neurocomputing","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Data Science Institute, Columbia University; Shandong University","keywords":"Artificial intelligence; Computer science; Segmentation; Computer vision; Transformer; Pattern recognition (psychology); Engineering; Electrical engineering","score_opus":0.011495786805311162,"score_gpt":0.22724304453171196,"score_spread":0.2157472577264008,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4399771796","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.88132703,0.000096491145,0.116702154,0.00007436212,0.0005120432,0.0002704604,0.0000025973466,0.0006704007,0.00034447122],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99809057,0.000003140004,0.0015424287,0.00004406688,0.00021310357,0.000009142106,0.000012528294,0.000041718107,0.000043302574],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99942404,0.000008266473,0.00012688199,0.00017146411,0.00008895202,0.00018040248],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99983793,0.000049844584,0.0000109476705,0.00005951929,0.000016408778,0.000025362844],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00003625669,0.000113855946,0.000079357545,0.00006786782,0.00007329866,0.00010434601,0.000040866864,0.000019756706,0.0000022153974],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000027029537,0.00009954747,0.00005145801,0.00014695454,0.000010161878,0.00015426242,0.0000018387047,0.000105841915,0.0000039439906],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000051415547,0.000009089286,0.0013261915,0.00140138,0.00011731924,0.00007081928,0.001710576,0.17164482,0.2298215,0.00037760485,0.0018603081,0.59160894],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00042398946,0.00007234059,0.0024492843,0.00017821773,0.00004200898,0.00013196118,0.000120962184,0.97985077,0.014562161,0.00009393985,0.0018688258,0.00020556728],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000033101119,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000026125113,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8082059,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000033842196,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000074976924,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4059428},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4399794573","doi":"10.1088/1748-0221/19/06/p06041","title":"Threshold bounce — occupancy-dependent modulation of the discriminating threshold in silicon detectors","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"Journal of Instrumentation","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Science and Technology Facilities Council; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Diamond Light Source","keywords":"Occupancy; Modulation (music); Detector; Silicon; Physics; Optoelectronics; Optics; Engineering; Acoustics","score_opus":0.0156651491487092,"score_gpt":0.2559868504006615,"score_spread":0.2403217012519523,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4399794573","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9955053,0.00052742613,0.00014509892,0.00012533601,0.0028906001,0.00020513305,0.00001473953,0.000028532573,0.0005578885],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99940836,0.00010497685,0.0002446746,0.000014116842,0.00016390887,0.000004943347,0.000004634746,0.000035168607,0.000019186526],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982924,0.000030679956,0.00087524654,0.00014510281,0.0005037705,0.0001528425],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992136,0.000027647784,0.00042930592,0.00021234523,0.00008503478,0.00003211956],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003405173,0.00020625985,0.00029739155,0.000285232,0.000028438599,0.00008587992,0.00026128354,0.00012894557,0.000010391838],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000036331687,0.00015986929,0.00019124022,0.00019610774,0.000035844063,0.00016909285,0.00014983925,0.0009456199,0.0000015749763],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000044803917,0.00006040324,0.051607545,0.0013628136,0.00017453209,0.000019621022,0.005333563,0.77451414,0.13287802,0.00032470273,0.00015406216,0.033525795],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013809119,0.00010319605,0.21474405,0.0065187,0.0003238157,0.00010399449,0.002901267,0.50258344,0.24378149,0.02689246,0.000023086532,0.0006436069],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000042365384,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009540729,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.27193072,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00040926682,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007760081,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.65192807},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4399922932","doi":"10.1093/mnras/stae1450","title":"AstroCLIP: a cross-modal foundation model for galaxies","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":55,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Canadian Institute for Advanced Research","funders":"Office of Science","keywords":"Physics; Galaxy; Redshift; Astrophysics; Artificial intelligence; Encoder; Pattern recognition (psychology); Computer science","score_opus":0.009493810221368994,"score_gpt":0.2288274259056987,"score_spread":0.2193336156843297,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4399922932","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9907057,0.00016386762,0.0077884286,0.00020077851,0.0005019291,0.0001750491,0.000059460293,0.00018527727,0.0002194974],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9899963,1.4459181e-7,0.0090429215,0.000006870578,0.00020536705,0.00002183777,0.000011758868,0.00003408889,0.00068072055],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99922746,0.000007351603,0.0002282822,0.00017780035,0.00010979191,0.0002493285],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996414,0.00008875285,0.000029280487,0.00017255405,0.000025365018,0.00004262386],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011861168,0.00014608308,0.00015765948,0.000010412265,0.00008758848,0.00013634199,0.00022963024,0.00006607836,0.000017425311],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000014547733,0.00011430916,0.00042140007,0.000049028054,0.0001240141,0.00013089585,0.000059413214,0.00016367873,0.000010272703],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010331021,0.0000123097125,0.002727942,0.00011455552,0.00008341138,1.4139303e-8,0.0003681192,0.9940521,0.00009472439,0.000104636594,0.0012401066,0.0011917269],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00017568814,0.0000131822,0.01788885,0.00003495585,0.000044798493,6.966652e-9,0.00004671693,0.98004436,0.00061092875,0.000076781886,0.0009533425,0.00011041199],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000019156936,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000089301475,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.015160908,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010690029,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000025924619,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.46613923},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4399971429","doi":"10.7554/elife.98290.1","title":"Fast burst fraction transients convey information independent of the firing rate","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"eLife","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University; University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Fraction (chemistry); Computer science; Chemistry","score_opus":0.007185449311110927,"score_gpt":0.2087243380769197,"score_spread":0.20153888876580878,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4399971429","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9847517,0.0003932553,0.0021020626,0.00017702843,0.0049302066,0.00029395006,0.00009592972,0.00031248567,0.006943358],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995182,0.000086677246,0.00003675121,0.0000616619,0.00012020249,0.000012479943,0.0000319925,0.000023313982,0.00010872805],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99916565,0.000020057552,0.0003104217,0.00010455441,0.00026997176,0.00012932207],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995583,0.000016836188,0.0000695591,0.00026898057,0.00005564816,0.000030673942],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014999764,0.00015981091,0.00016922504,0.00009199668,0.00002973902,0.000073777854,0.00017021046,0.00013409318,0.0000222898],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000021816286,0.00013332734,0.00011263117,0.00009900926,0.000020900528,0.00010597473,0.00013121126,0.0007001641,0.00011342245],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002261485,0.000031177155,0.0018938342,0.0036984226,0.0004275868,0.0000036180384,0.008615536,0.93218195,0.005323172,0.00020840412,0.01013175,0.03746194],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0014240827,0.000032481297,0.1163308,0.0047668465,0.00051037513,0.00002849071,0.0015318543,0.59026235,0.18352856,0.002142128,0.097725786,0.001716234],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000049545477,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000011143224,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.34191957,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000097273536,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000034681347,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5436931},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4399971758","doi":"10.7554/elife.98290","title":"Fast burst fraction transients convey information independent of the firing rate","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"eLife","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University; University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Fraction (chemistry); Computer science; Chemistry","score_opus":0.007185449311110927,"score_gpt":0.2087243380769197,"score_spread":0.20153888876580878,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4399971758","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9847517,0.0003932553,0.0021020626,0.00017702843,0.0049302066,0.00029395006,0.00009592972,0.00031248567,0.006943358],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995182,0.000086677246,0.00003675121,0.0000616619,0.00012020249,0.000012479943,0.0000319925,0.000023313982,0.00010872805],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99916565,0.000020057552,0.0003104217,0.00010455441,0.00026997176,0.00012932207],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995583,0.000016836188,0.0000695591,0.00026898057,0.00005564816,0.000030673942],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014999764,0.00015981091,0.00016922504,0.00009199668,0.00002973902,0.000073777854,0.00017021046,0.00013409318,0.0000222898],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000021816286,0.00013332734,0.00011263117,0.00009900926,0.000020900528,0.00010597473,0.00013121126,0.0007001641,0.00011342245],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002261485,0.000031177155,0.0018938342,0.0036984226,0.0004275868,0.0000036180384,0.008615536,0.93218195,0.005323172,0.00020840412,0.01013175,0.03746194],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0014240827,0.000032481297,0.1163308,0.0047668465,0.00051037513,0.00002849071,0.0015318543,0.59026235,0.18352856,0.002142128,0.097725786,0.001716234],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000049545477,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000011143224,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.34191957,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000097273536,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000034681347,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5436931},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400219447","doi":"10.1515/nanoph-2024-0269","title":"Inverse design of color routers in CMOS image sensors: toward minimizing interpixel crosstalk","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nanophotonics","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Artificial Intelligence in Medicine (Canada)","funders":"Institute for Information and Communications Technology Promotion; Korea Semiconductor Research Consortium; Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism; Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea; Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy","keywords":"Pixel; Miniaturization; Computer science; Router; Crosstalk; Artificial intelligence; Optoelectronics; Optics; Materials science; Physics; Nanotechnology; Computer network","score_opus":0.015122505728628595,"score_gpt":0.23626941429325082,"score_spread":0.22114690856462224,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400219447","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99313873,0.0007933284,0.0031921118,0.000089926725,0.0009903344,0.00029452564,0.000034422894,0.000427074,0.0010395201],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97628236,0.00022018705,0.023108918,0.00005520223,0.000022864042,0.000019729632,0.0000050281556,0.0000768299,0.00020886323],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988303,0.000033030596,0.00037137218,0.0002528635,0.00016596838,0.0003464381],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995019,0.00014224676,0.000025996535,0.00023157487,0.000033057262,0.000065249325],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021588885,0.00021712552,0.00028371354,0.0001818149,0.000019293175,0.00009748608,0.0001730732,0.00011384298,0.000047832033],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000052554853,0.00022612691,0.00010281294,0.0004301795,0.00008911323,0.00020506725,0.00004531603,0.00027636785,0.00006906505],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000081980535,0.000060760118,0.00013945594,0.0009844616,0.00012479004,0.00057827035,0.012790076,0.11938399,0.8581924,0.00012530346,0.005150226,0.0023882731],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00038719657,0.000044025935,0.000044538865,0.00035074409,0.000023174389,0.000026902277,0.0007984095,0.8621114,0.13017653,0.00006220762,0.0057044756,0.00027038762],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000048723265,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000014866402,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7427274,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020409933,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000068293826,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9221188},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400238792","doi":"10.1103/physrevapplied.22.014008","title":"Dual-sided charge-coupled devices","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical Review Applied","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Perimeter Institute","funders":"Ministry of Colleges and Universities; Government of Canada; United States-Israel Binational Science Foundation; Heising-Simons Foundation; Institut Périmètre de physique théorique; Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada; Simons Foundation; Fermilab; U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Dual (grammatical number); Charge (physics); Physics; Materials science; Quantum mechanics; Art","score_opus":0.00968212888566596,"score_gpt":0.2615072928842653,"score_spread":0.25182516399859933,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400238792","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.31622067,0.4242033,0.0011522074,0.0028684596,0.0015849692,0.0021497165,0.000036125155,0.008134588,0.24364996],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99081314,0.007816341,0.000075738724,0.000512372,0.00048553568,0.00009102435,0.00001612351,0.000055597167,0.00013410444],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991848,0.000007135909,0.00017800767,0.00021898949,0.00017224808,0.00023883398],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995799,0.00010303614,0.00001120034,0.00021814962,0.000010640579,0.000077043296],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008549326,0.00018740089,0.0003344045,0.000027497239,0.000025749641,0.00005412436,0.000096781434,0.00001757983,0.00016152457],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001442878,0.00015341815,0.00012612483,0.00030982116,0.000022748387,0.000059856997,0.000022859675,0.00019305566,0.00312939],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008572469,0.00017835469,0.000010568215,0.03425868,0.00047842186,0.00009250466,0.0007964057,0.00047307662,0.3115301,0.19378112,0.10045126,0.3579409],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00030595355,0.00001971216,0.00026103394,0.0063635325,0.00042335328,0.000017084525,0.00001765526,0.18312685,0.015245305,0.0074097505,0.7856946,0.0011151499],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000021843268,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.0621616e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.68524337,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000027027894,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009705273,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9976468},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400717818","doi":"10.1051/0004-6361/202450886","title":"CIRCLEZ : Reliable photometric redshifts for active galactic nuclei computed solely using photometry from Legacy Survey Imaging for DESI","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"Astronomy and Astrophysics","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory; Argonne National Laboratory; Integrated Electronics Engineering Center, Binghamton University; High Energy Physics; Division of Astronomical Sciences; Russian Academy of Sciences; Leibniz-Gemeinschaft; Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen; Science and Technology Facilities Council; University of Colorado Boulder; Office of Science; Fermilab; Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn; Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie; Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Yunnan University; Jet Propulsion Laboratory; Leibniz-Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam; China National Textile and Apparel Council; University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; Max-Planck-Gesellschaft; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; Space Telescope Science Institute; University of Sussex; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; University College London; University of Chicago; National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center; Heising-Simons Foundation; Carnegie Institution for Science; University of Nottingham; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; Johns Hopkins University; Carnegie Institution of Washington; University of Portsmouth; New Mexico State University; University of Utah; Harvard University; Ohio State University; Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory; Flatiron Health; Smithsonian Institution; Yale University; U.S. Department of Energy; Universität Hamburg; National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences; California Institute of Technology; Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos; École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne; University of Pennsylvania; Nanjing University; University of Toronto; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Photometry (optics); Redshift; Photometric redshift; Astronomy; Astrophysics; Physics; Galaxy; Stars","score_opus":0.020534430254514097,"score_gpt":0.2457184984900952,"score_spread":0.2251840682355811,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400717818","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5814564,0.0005538071,0.41426027,0.000013804407,0.0012191451,0.00078495947,0.0013740977,0.00028669395,0.00005082708],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8436583,0.0000129836535,0.15456972,0.00001504377,0.0006439407,0.00009066814,0.0007789051,0.00021375649,0.000016666821],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.997703,0.00004125186,0.00047354598,0.00087561534,0.00018844099,0.00071811007],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985371,0.0004513024,0.00018587246,0.00047757864,0.00017151784,0.0001766114],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020132525,0.00065309927,0.0007833131,0.00046546344,0.00020014921,0.00069281174,0.00031078144,0.00016858397,0.000008488183],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000037577076,0.00079447246,0.00032283776,0.00055394945,0.00008188616,0.00031856576,0.0003948207,0.0008662145,0.000008856506],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007013549,0.00033197505,0.0043714656,0.0027014266,0.0031625074,0.000023748004,0.0009612529,0.22217336,0.025449973,0.00010710456,0.0024543467,0.73756146],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0023834775,0.00013127034,0.019052321,0.0012355671,0.0010913374,0.000007418896,0.00052345294,0.94197106,0.022405803,0.0034246284,0.0057160277,0.0020576555],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00051954767,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004548932,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.73550385,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00029804147,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015006702,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994506},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4401211135","doi":"10.1109/jssc.2024.3433003","title":"A 60-Frames/s CMOS Image Sensor With Pixelwise Conversion Gain Modulation and Self-Triggered ADCs for Per-Frame Adaptive DCG-HDR Imaging","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Frame (networking); CMOS; Computer science; Modulation (music); Computer vision; Artificial intelligence; Image sensor; Image (mathematics); Frame rate; Electronic engineering; Physics; Engineering; Telecommunications; Acoustics","score_opus":0.00939341187988836,"score_gpt":0.23299914922531403,"score_spread":0.2236057373454257,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4401211135","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.81506735,0.0016122169,0.18091469,0.00031755905,0.0009728771,0.00047084296,0.00013247613,0.000339575,0.00017243749],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9950763,0.00036347023,0.003891205,0.00007684841,0.0003260046,0.000007630608,0.0000063175253,0.00012500864,0.00012724054],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99824834,0.000052743915,0.0005528189,0.0002949434,0.00037368483,0.00047746953],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988109,0.00023656474,0.00017171577,0.00017659784,0.0003660715,0.00023817284],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00038720982,0.0003532608,0.00046014405,0.0003782461,0.00011585721,0.0002441526,0.00014261389,0.00008169916,0.0000121848625],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000034384477,0.00031329592,0.00016728007,0.00024661396,0.00009580006,0.00085326174,0.000014578328,0.00048824286,0.000018113218],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00042179346,0.00028819972,0.0008616278,0.00298239,0.0017691229,0.0023698935,0.023990626,0.20623505,0.690067,0.00009649018,0.010721816,0.060195975],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0025434324,0.00031873587,0.0009288788,0.0011306128,0.00034979725,0.0012946792,0.0013617852,0.9626784,0.024428438,0.0007896289,0.0034705729,0.00070506474],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000006370292,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000021155315,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7564433,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024864284,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010760127,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99993193},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4401319384","doi":"10.48550/arxiv.2408.00922","title":"Enhancing weak lensing redshift distribution characterization by optimizing the Dark Energy Survey Self-Organizing Map Photo-z method","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"arXiv (Cornell University)","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Regional Municipality of Waterloo; University of Waterloo","funders":"SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; High Energy Physics; Office of Science; Institut de Física d'Altes Energies; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico; Centres de Recerca de Catalunya; Argonne National Laboratory; European Regional Development Fund; U.S. Department of Energy; European Commission; Science and Technology Facilities Council; University College London; University of Portsmouth; Ohio State University; Integrated Electronics Engineering Center, Binghamton University; University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; University of Pennsylvania; Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos; Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro; University of Sussex; Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação; Generalitat de Catalunya; Fermilab; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Redshift; Physics; Photometric redshift; Astrophysics; Weak gravitational lensing; Redshift survey; Dark energy; Galaxy; Characterization (materials science); Cosmology","score_opus":0.017676810851641817,"score_gpt":0.16740487816219463,"score_spread":0.1497280673105528,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4401319384","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.30404124,0.00018109818,0.6936341,0.000045624092,0.00059418834,0.00007094482,0.000072883435,0.00086121325,0.00049871206],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99818546,0.00016422576,0.0004277296,0.00003579613,0.000091955866,3.5790924e-7,0.00043832624,0.00005672327,0.0005994198],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988432,0.00017416307,0.00017766618,0.00039712992,0.00007345972,0.00033437528],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993416,0.00020801305,0.000041482006,0.00027934214,0.00005741508,0.0000721366],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00043338528,0.00022202819,0.00017434466,0.00008515194,0.0002438149,0.00018422307,0.0001979402,0.00009496307,0.000029644958],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000027795615,0.00022519143,0.00007794592,0.0008076943,0.000034880894,0.0004386573,0.00006267415,0.0002481708,0.000029402841],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000051049275,0.000068845664,0.0018874037,0.00035141525,0.0005815556,0.00012800882,0.0016293512,0.0895563,0.8799262,0.01305042,0.0068038534,0.0059655975],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00030432187,0.000021043987,0.0012278127,0.00025797472,0.00018800807,0.000024055418,0.0004989291,0.80417615,0.15248172,0.00032011492,0.039782185,0.00071770913],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00023049714,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006719272,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.72744447,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00036470822,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000301985,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.91830397},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4401386520","doi":"10.1145/3583740.3626616","title":"EdgeEngine: A Thermal-Aware Optimization Framework for Edge Inference","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Inference; Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.016459034882229447,"score_gpt":0.2612386425758476,"score_spread":0.24477960769361817,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4401386520","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.014236689,0.000036187175,0.97926843,0.0002420587,0.0005060649,0.00016266403,0.00001096676,0.002112503,0.0034244552],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96296304,0.000055643344,0.035343572,0.00009972738,0.00023494859,0.000057408914,0.00004662293,0.000057858375,0.0011411753],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.999544,0.0000034797135,0.00009573068,0.00010097638,0.000057370118,0.00019840593],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996417,0.00013850501,0.000007637467,0.00014241834,0.00003148601,0.000038224247],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00004604569,0.0000937733,0.000083688064,0.00007009422,0.00003894881,0.000035655878,0.00008536776,0.00005976444,0.00014872354],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000068604306,0.00008918679,0.00003845713,0.00028840153,0.000009952823,0.00007525391,0.000014330757,0.000077066274,0.00013239167],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000001364756,0.0000034936106,0.00009562248,0.000043228592,0.000012084424,8.756067e-7,0.00017956579,0.9871029,0.00019107161,0.002354123,0.00547152,0.0045440975],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00010236657,0.0000072514927,0.00033403235,0.00002639815,0.000005902231,4.347344e-7,0.0000745989,0.99451196,0.0012042602,0.0006022375,0.002991406,0.0001391601],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000017951972,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.48259e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.94872636,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000015821217,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000067285023,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.36369318},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4401568785","doi":"10.23919/date58400.2024.10546589","title":"A Scalable RISC-V Hardware Platform for Intelligent Sensor Processing","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Infineon Technologies (Canada)","funders":"Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung","keywords":"Computer science; Scalability; Reduced instruction set computing; Embedded system; Computer hardware; Computer architecture; Instruction set; Operating system","score_opus":0.019450878661370352,"score_gpt":0.2505178815463138,"score_spread":0.23106700288494347,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4401568785","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.13073088,0.009727539,0.6869822,0.00094366376,0.0029673588,0.0011184614,0.00008146724,0.009722583,0.15772583],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96699774,0.00005422276,0.0116515905,0.00009453574,0.00032274105,0.00004685051,0.000015139631,0.0000954576,0.020721732],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99935025,0.0000012986271,0.0001479239,0.00016054195,0.00008548758,0.00025450834],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997749,0.000037160207,0.00000491329,0.00010022279,0.000027421598,0.000055414603],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006694287,0.00012630475,0.00010901727,0.00007571238,0.00005043309,0.00019901856,0.000066241366,0.000042278978,0.00018832112],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000012308355,0.000105568215,0.00006979198,0.0001499377,0.0000144934675,0.00016934112,0.000012179007,0.00010121756,0.00026190252],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002137405,0.00004032468,0.0001244714,0.004214722,0.00017986278,0.000049728118,0.0025880537,0.027771762,0.010751177,0.0032097367,0.17388847,0.77716035],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000068444504,0.000011097002,0.000008035655,0.00015266164,0.00001806599,0.000018615705,0.00038054786,0.5754052,0.026861783,0.000418727,0.3964803,0.0001765331],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000006073101,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005926549,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8362669,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000058038604,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000017503951,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4304947},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4401609832","doi":"10.1007/jhep08(2024)111","title":"Flavor phenomenology of light dark vectors","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of High Energy Physics","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institute of Particle Physics","funders":"","keywords":"Physics; Phenomenology (philosophy); Flavor; Particle physics; Dark matter; Theoretical physics; Medicine; Epistemology; Philosophy","score_opus":0.004982889050211252,"score_gpt":0.1919498513151317,"score_spread":0.18696696226492046,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4401609832","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9269894,0.008382113,0.0476414,0.00050700473,0.006125321,0.000027271146,0.000013144734,0.00020553322,0.01010885],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998372,0.00025706596,0.00035841917,0.000021702042,0.00079229753,4.0420346e-7,0.0000012646275,0.00003337163,0.0001634741],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993571,0.000014656519,0.00027960242,0.00006430209,0.00014436063,0.00013995988],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996866,0.000044843193,0.000058785314,0.000109830406,0.00005394074,0.000045980767],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000053657193,0.00010894046,0.00024156488,0.000093551535,0.000013875928,0.000019398622,0.00012901236,0.000038871112,0.000020910355],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000004792081,0.00009163408,0.000117896496,0.00020899523,0.0000277841,0.00013043903,0.000014031741,0.0001689199,0.000005874281],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004520552,0.00017237238,0.00008515352,0.00041954586,0.0014989699,0.000358581,0.0019609067,0.113391094,0.1873733,0.57085735,0.042539354,0.08129816],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008612016,0.00042848708,0.0004500104,0.0005339616,0.00033303845,0.00025727614,0.00018704415,0.0072899503,0.5849504,0.23566267,0.16839997,0.00064600527],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009025917,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000012968007,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.39757708,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004596561,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000029575389,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.37367293},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4401786339","doi":"10.1117/12.3020037","title":"LUVCam the Little Ultraviolet Camera: a low-cost high-performance UV CMOS camera","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo; University of Toronto; Herzberg Institute of Astrophysics","funders":"","keywords":"Ultraviolet; CMOS; CMOS sensor; Computer science; Optoelectronics; Materials science","score_opus":0.004576282211793299,"score_gpt":0.1955584391728279,"score_spread":0.1909821569610346,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4401786339","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97488093,0.0010703391,0.0010786013,0.0011103799,0.0015720883,0.00023853991,0.000028649209,0.0013770444,0.018643424],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9933231,0.0002554196,0.00014901732,0.0003703967,0.0003590948,0.000034661527,0.00001295814,0.000059357288,0.00543601],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990589,0.000012617042,0.000187968,0.00020965179,0.00016946126,0.00036142903],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994911,0.0000787468,0.000008467768,0.00033482251,0.000021421312,0.00006546435],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010093014,0.0002037867,0.00014637985,0.000059078426,0.000088021865,0.0001676605,0.00021065668,0.000053763288,0.00037890417],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009438784,0.00013671369,0.0000634671,0.00030849862,0.00006215002,0.00016332995,0.000022368504,0.00034635942,0.0011838027],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000025869542,0.00010620242,0.0030239173,0.0012314826,0.0004988412,0.00017224398,0.0054901764,0.08975641,0.03868003,0.005386216,0.41691604,0.4387126],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00057757954,0.000050523446,0.0143779,0.000563223,0.00011045118,0.00015900754,0.0006761012,0.46667048,0.10294917,0.00016195759,0.4125167,0.0011868707],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001474855,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000016599903,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.43752572,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005962716,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002186222,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995939},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4401863137","doi":"10.23977/jeeem.2024.070217","title":"Characterization of Charge Collection Properties of High Time-Resolution Silicon Carbide Detectors","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Electrotechnology Electrical Engineering and Management","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Silicon carbide; Characterization (materials science); Charge (physics); Detector; Materials science; High resolution; Silicon; Optoelectronics; Nanotechnology; Physics; Remote sensing; Optics; Geology; Particle physics; Composite material","score_opus":0.002681476029925328,"score_gpt":0.15448972108288736,"score_spread":0.15180824505296203,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4401863137","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98652786,0.0026571814,0.01015945,0.000116750845,0.00017623969,0.00014116212,0.000001008618,0.0001897469,0.000030617397],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99768037,0.001943114,0.00021911002,0.00000321469,0.000038517912,0.0000070742717,0.0000010077475,0.000023999906,0.000083581486],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99918824,0.000010735303,0.00037195062,0.00009767986,0.00013247406,0.00019890319],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997651,0.000014222992,0.00006858024,0.000079335616,0.00004447606,0.000028288101],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013787349,0.00012749038,0.00026841878,0.00073489134,0.000017895403,0.000012001835,0.000083178056,0.000091789065,0.0000036159204],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000025078096,0.00011530203,0.000060905324,0.0006449325,0.000025509189,0.00008736887,0.000015048355,0.00028032856,0.00000108256],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000023380864,0.000018382998,0.000004126344,0.0003875766,0.00020602321,0.000009260775,0.000030217832,0.0036871016,0.9849911,0.0012807974,0.00006110938,0.009300929],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00017819436,0.00025953038,0.00020240464,0.00019464911,0.00008350093,0.00007668733,0.000002870335,0.22878563,0.76929754,0.000043022443,0.0007780281,0.00009796515],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005844954,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.0185453e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.22509854,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010130046,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011980431,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.47018802},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4401880711","doi":"10.1109/vlsitechnologyandcir46783.2024.10631335","title":"23,000-Exposures/s 360fps-Readout Software-Defined Image Sensor with Motion-Adaptive Spatially Varying Imaging Speed","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Computer vision; Software; Image sensor; Artificial intelligence; Motion (physics)","score_opus":0.007584880528412055,"score_gpt":0.2028549317894892,"score_spread":0.19527005126107716,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4401880711","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.18413846,0.0014363137,0.7054236,0.0010478237,0.002214622,0.0008749923,0.00014360162,0.013158125,0.09156248],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.95761156,0.000022569902,0.03882827,0.00015355025,0.00036105103,0.000010236222,0.000044344077,0.00022207602,0.0027463534],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9980471,0.000034494835,0.00037372494,0.00053772406,0.00038628955,0.00062067294],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991001,0.00018428103,0.000031496376,0.00040859502,0.00011042122,0.00016509225],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016483231,0.00046342018,0.00034208928,0.00027785852,0.00012391867,0.0004402039,0.00019433047,0.0000686705,0.0003786423],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000036821344,0.00039746088,0.00013410593,0.00044948206,0.000103242586,0.0005275174,0.00004897588,0.0004097255,0.00062468427],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000459102,0.00038833497,0.026597122,0.0024127115,0.0024942635,0.0068274825,0.010449085,0.42141646,0.29960537,0.008383864,0.030655114,0.19031107],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0014741907,0.000116741045,0.0030731775,0.00067840633,0.0002781545,0.00047164396,0.0004940384,0.9438782,0.042325422,0.0005684045,0.0048419046,0.0017997515],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00028115345,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004001925,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7734731,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014433987,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004576974,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998477},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4401881165","doi":"10.1109/vlsitechnologyandcir46783.2024.10631545","title":"AMD Instinct™ MI300X Accelerator: Packaging and Architecture Co-Optimization","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Advanced Micro Devices (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Instinct; Architecture; Computer science; Systems engineering; Engineering; Art; Visual arts","score_opus":0.0050582690954011095,"score_gpt":0.20842724337802737,"score_spread":0.20336897428262626,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4401881165","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.46141613,0.004993103,0.3857141,0.001086442,0.0011413659,0.00027831635,0.00002482698,0.005518401,0.13982731],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9930714,0.000104448496,0.006054678,0.000115046176,0.00013303851,0.000003291561,0.000012142482,0.00003792895,0.00046806963],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995644,0.0000060770085,0.00008733209,0.0001324748,0.000067924404,0.0001418043],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99982846,0.000026771935,0.0000034482096,0.000085224594,0.0000071644477,0.00004891625],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000036161833,0.000106907995,0.000075543605,0.00008611953,0.000036267877,0.00016807452,0.000038636685,0.00003383963,0.00017456259],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000005514172,0.000093116505,0.000020166319,0.0001206059,0.00001927871,0.00010199179,0.00001124114,0.00013844758,0.00003006122],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000050559743,0.000013760352,0.0013836765,0.0005635382,0.00011567822,0.00007018013,0.0026149545,0.6749272,0.011378063,0.0014938153,0.022393232,0.28504086],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00018609231,0.000010652155,0.0002804165,0.00008743031,0.000020591115,0.00006826943,0.00012702151,0.8668089,0.0075581884,0.00016660336,0.124373496,0.00031237074],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000047551925,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000045440374,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.53165525,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000018168588,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000067857204,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.37971807},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4401934427","doi":"10.1117/12.3018522","title":"Beyond CCDs: characterization of sCMOS detectors for optical astronomy","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Dark current; Detector; Physics; Noise (video); Pixel; Context (archaeology); Dynamic range; Large format; Dark-frame subtraction; CMOS; Optics; Sensitivity (control systems); Optoelectronics; Computer science; Electronic engineering; Artificial intelligence; Image processing; Engineering; Image restoration; Image (mathematics)","score_opus":0.007155974766147743,"score_gpt":0.21207895035211488,"score_spread":0.20492297558596714,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4401934427","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.89122164,0.00008561796,0.09961221,0.0000885743,0.0018351815,0.0004995506,0.00016172217,0.0005492968,0.005946195],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9833762,0.000011773244,0.015325791,0.000012363896,0.00034746015,0.00008448609,0.00019814313,0.00008176454,0.0005620231],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99921256,0.0000036339843,0.00028345414,0.00022583321,0.00009214971,0.00018234529],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996199,0.000029792334,0.000028918425,0.00022968026,0.00004253067,0.000049189817],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006317265,0.00020446359,0.0002637099,0.00011797112,0.000011344881,0.00005257346,0.00012573917,0.00015229614,0.00007174875],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000011552538,0.0002020767,0.00014999954,0.00006104013,0.000027236036,0.000027539534,0.00013953532,0.00027483542,0.000024940264],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000041652223,0.00009607613,0.0003113852,0.009278202,0.0009508025,0.0000062660356,0.0008743332,0.028096663,0.7058091,0.015942203,0.0021432268,0.2364501],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000558316,0.0000766663,0.001812622,0.00074814045,0.00041282023,0.0000068300424,0.000110531946,0.258262,0.7085098,0.005775768,0.022527432,0.0011990439],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003165336,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000016961735,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.23525105,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004981568,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000032002474,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8240449},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402267726","doi":"10.1364/cleo_at.2024.jw2a.137","title":"Bright Source of Visible Entangled Photon Pairs for Satellite QKD","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Photon; Quantum key distribution; Physics; Satellite; Quantum optics; Photon entanglement; Spontaneous parametric down-conversion; Optoelectronics; Quantum entanglement; Optics; Quantum mechanics; Quantum; Astronomy","score_opus":0.006683707903968107,"score_gpt":0.211372862071936,"score_spread":0.2046891541679679,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4402267726","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8658111,0.005461175,0.05355856,0.00024737828,0.0012065831,0.00046776037,0.000024966668,0.0023217623,0.07090072],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99022394,0.00009479927,0.0014217172,0.000032686316,0.00006966091,0.000008563875,0.0000073678466,0.0000394509,0.008101803],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995247,0.0000036345834,0.00013690209,0.000110706096,0.00006964755,0.00015442198],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997668,0.000064886015,0.0000057711245,0.00011641127,0.000013645727,0.000032477587],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000061872124,0.0000887998,0.00011061925,0.00006587085,0.000013666544,0.00003213752,0.000059014084,0.000031026488,0.00021462385],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000004969886,0.000076404154,0.000088471425,0.0001266716,0.000014685466,0.000056700363,0.0000078176445,0.000049537484,0.000053435448],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000055389046,0.00010303598,0.0020979126,0.0041334396,0.00059591164,0.000033766846,0.004581318,0.011056313,0.4031947,0.013636154,0.07806161,0.48245046],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00018021237,0.000017475251,0.0002479276,0.00008509305,0.000025584483,0.000006111578,0.00011580928,0.13678975,0.36236024,0.0004128209,0.4996046,0.00015435136],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000023383673,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000041435087,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4822961,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000022264368,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000061204023,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3115671},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402473996","doi":"10.1109/ccece59415.2024.10667118","title":"Profiling LAMMPS for GPU Disaggregation","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Profiling (computer programming); Computer science; Parallel computing; Programming language","score_opus":0.008563998196652154,"score_gpt":0.22856152507586142,"score_spread":0.21999752687920926,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4402473996","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.46464783,0.0026773694,0.43169105,0.0013979407,0.0034439145,0.00062525825,0.000027701395,0.006762327,0.08872661],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9909243,0.000012282541,0.0064127776,0.000023625013,0.00018902181,0.000019169369,0.000012050458,0.000023507622,0.0023832722],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997564,0.0000011645448,0.000055934077,0.00006635588,0.000033144395,0.00008702224],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99989796,0.000028783605,0.0000015320096,0.000050161314,0.0000067270507,0.000014826155],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000034203353,0.000044805773,0.000035196637,0.000026467036,0.000014711575,0.000049969105,0.0000232166,0.000015965554,0.000027675314],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000007378637,0.00003872342,0.000028016399,0.000059444694,0.000004562531,0.00006866166,0.0000028135705,0.000033288477,0.00005414767],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011378049,0.000024464705,0.0010389697,0.0025372072,0.00019624113,0.000018358016,0.0013689584,0.048736867,0.15320326,0.19950888,0.088980965,0.50437444],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000708038,0.0000055317555,0.000051963663,0.00005308535,0.000010406708,0.000003595542,0.000073174284,0.86060256,0.061307047,0.0012432479,0.076463826,0.00011476618],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000011700427,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000016800777,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8118657,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000016082888,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000035013977,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.15790953},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402502715","doi":"10.48550/arxiv.2408.10166","title":"The NANOGrav 15 yr Data Set: Running of the Spectral Index","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"arXiv (Cornell University)","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Office of Naval Research; Science and Technology Facilities Council; College of Science, Oregon State University; Jet Propulsion Laboratory; Council for Higher Education; Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research; Vanderbilt University; Associated Universities; Oregon State University; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; California Institute of Technology; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Research Corporation for Science Advancement; University of Central Florida; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Index (typography); Set (abstract data type); Spectral index; Data set; Computer science; Environmental science; Physics; Mathematics; Statistics; Spectral line; World Wide Web; Programming language","score_opus":0.06320092722250696,"score_gpt":0.18127751746969653,"score_spread":0.11807659024718957,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4402502715","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98327684,0.0009888706,0.0011154861,0.00016156945,0.0023726402,0.00025095406,0.00016108419,0.00037602047,0.011296514],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9975636,0.0002724294,0.000020678488,0.000014004855,0.00013160516,2.188895e-7,0.000019248768,0.000044047058,0.0019341558],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99894696,0.000035901878,0.00017240262,0.00045752455,0.00009414131,0.00029304132],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99798155,0.00006904021,0.00007103591,0.0017921546,0.0000332969,0.00005295129],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018949658,0.0002481074,0.00020730773,0.000088952045,0.00013718868,0.0000862014,0.0018529688,0.000144645,0.000022017539],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000018845043,0.00018729956,0.00016947344,0.00042180181,0.0001892024,0.00006588735,0.002301909,0.0009708985,0.000039236907],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002808142,0.000024045927,0.01151677,0.00053280895,0.00074664666,0.0001664947,0.00097252167,0.95198834,0.00041311816,0.020866476,0.011694934,0.001049749],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00025368156,0.000008678785,0.0043766643,0.00045258284,0.00032350968,0.000010289166,0.0008051937,0.95823306,0.0007908294,0.019353949,0.0148755675,0.0005159958],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00014775149,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00016281159,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.014286751,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009516109,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007669834,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7637854},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402571685","doi":"10.1109/newcas58973.2024.10666327","title":"A Computational CMOS Image Sensor Architecture Using In-Pixel PWM-SCI-Based MAC with Reconfigurable Kernel Size","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; CMC Microsystems","keywords":"Kernel (algebra); Computer science; Pixel; Architecture; Image sensor; CMOS; Image (mathematics); Computer architecture; Artificial intelligence; Embedded system; Electronic engineering; Engineering; Mathematics","score_opus":0.006592717709923462,"score_gpt":0.21564511014431972,"score_spread":0.20905239243439627,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4402571685","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.83203346,0.0002617641,0.14328313,0.0007873994,0.0003179685,0.00030300967,0.000050237024,0.001315349,0.021647703],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.93350506,0.0000019589197,0.06546416,0.00020200569,0.00007816515,0.0000067685855,0.000013847309,0.00007185752,0.00065619923],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990297,0.000020111444,0.00019391166,0.0002650013,0.00018160776,0.00030966292],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99952704,0.0002173974,0.000011808641,0.00014402268,0.000030895877,0.00006884775],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008294235,0.00021096539,0.0001794121,0.00014791671,0.00003933495,0.00016182393,0.000080772144,0.000049923376,0.0003831119],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000016144852,0.0001774352,0.000056247645,0.00037112425,0.000049953574,0.00010658333,0.000006518812,0.0002903667,0.0000603553],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018561206,0.000016974875,0.00019343222,0.0002209945,0.000039225055,0.00014941326,0.00025188958,0.9685059,0.02774622,0.00013206205,0.00052426924,0.0022010624],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004584097,0.000017489003,0.0005286354,0.00023705105,0.000018257962,0.00011433905,0.00010964513,0.99053186,0.0050351014,0.0005528134,0.0020882958,0.0003080964],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009579098,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005157636,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.101471595,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009528088,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007285082,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.72355974},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402753747","doi":"10.1109/mwscas60917.2024.10658697","title":"MSPARQ: A RISC-V Vector Processor Array Optimized for Low-Resolution Neural Networks","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Artificial neural network; Reduced instruction set computing; Resolution (logic); Vector processor; Parallel computing; Instruction set; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.0077018011910289,"score_gpt":0.2199694569414807,"score_spread":0.2122676557504518,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4402753747","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.032534935,0.002505091,0.95299417,0.0007006748,0.0024128086,0.00057475053,0.000016901236,0.003102931,0.0051577217],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99169654,0.000028409848,0.0052844677,0.00007605536,0.0005709087,0.000095096766,0.000021684118,0.000065695865,0.0021611277],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992284,0.0000073794954,0.00016500005,0.0001965249,0.0000834053,0.00031925802],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99970484,0.00007300712,0.000008610112,0.00012383665,0.000026733042,0.00006295594],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007889664,0.00015525668,0.00014904556,0.00005738462,0.000047376703,0.000137099,0.00008743416,0.00006305925,0.00009737061],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000020278596,0.00013330193,0.0000994366,0.00016712012,0.000018619536,0.00014292914,0.00000796548,0.00014298207,0.000040711013],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000027366972,0.000011189388,0.000008247456,0.00025337175,0.000045645804,0.000004558125,0.0001246613,0.97123855,0.0025799563,0.00029666084,0.022411667,0.0029980976],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00030131458,0.000016755892,0.00003329391,0.00005366019,0.000026459995,0.0000076943215,0.000027395168,0.9870719,0.0021535007,0.000050001196,0.010074935,0.00018313996],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007602181,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007429202,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.95916164,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000049205068,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009960514,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5435895},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402833108","doi":"10.1109/nss/mic/rtsd57108.2024.10658463","title":"Programmable Readout Electronics for Light Scintillation Detection in Liquid Xenon.","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut interdisciplinaire d'innovation technologique; Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"","keywords":"Xenon; Scintillation; Electronics; Scintillation counter; Liquid scintillation counting; Optoelectronics; Nuclear electronics; Physics; Materials science; Detector; Optics; Electrical engineering; Chemistry; Nuclear physics; Engineering; Radiochemistry","score_opus":0.004855743161071701,"score_gpt":0.21633711213713355,"score_spread":0.21148136897606185,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4402833108","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8310454,0.007983398,0.1405421,0.0010903515,0.0013057895,0.0010508635,0.0000051737024,0.0037480998,0.013228861],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978172,0.000053429456,0.0006141691,0.000010392113,0.00006968527,0.000034940953,0.0000046891246,0.000030074338,0.0013654182],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995185,0.0000035300468,0.00010741618,0.00011839988,0.000049909013,0.00020224381],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99988204,0.000015698115,0.0000039830065,0.00006657884,0.000012477859,0.000019238601],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000087731176,0.00007313796,0.00006314135,0.00008557306,0.000018931709,0.00007179565,0.000028817716,0.000043268727,0.000012785136],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000068629543,0.00007006268,0.000030126585,0.00021500401,0.000004150749,0.00010777517,0.0000035002813,0.000085346335,0.00002445998],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000068168876,0.000030344409,0.000029618821,0.0005218573,0.00005925434,0.000003935603,0.0006397918,0.014483728,0.56915325,0.0017495652,0.017075695,0.39618477],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000087030065,0.00006465414,0.000003838595,0.000024649398,0.000005983616,0.0000033265467,0.000019108975,0.38438958,0.26558322,0.00022022992,0.3495031,0.000095261224],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000012995068,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000093206974,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3960895,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000110135006,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009468445,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2857073},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402833701","doi":"10.1109/nss/mic/rtsd57108.2024.10657105","title":"Development of Photon-to-Digital Converters -- A 3D Integrated Digital Single- Photon Detector","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"TRIUMF; Institut interdisciplinaire d'innovation technologique; Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"","keywords":"Converters; Detector; Photon; Physics; Computer science; Two-photon excitation microscopy; Optics","score_opus":0.009539218280596569,"score_gpt":0.19367102285577065,"score_spread":0.18413180457517409,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4402833701","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97200245,0.00006655773,0.009832469,0.000014782194,0.00046598533,0.00015154116,0.000045076384,0.0010097728,0.016411385],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99578214,0.0000010356024,0.0032186592,0.00003113327,0.000019636382,0.000009019099,0.000020308837,0.000050321254,0.0008677412],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99910176,0.0000020796883,0.0002857532,0.00020069368,0.00016098256,0.00024874837],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996818,0.00003638125,0.000009880075,0.00013332871,0.00003271675,0.00010591808],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000030904932,0.00019745933,0.00018017301,0.00016770989,0.000017598015,0.00027369751,0.00011451507,0.00004479744,0.00016994234],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000019030877,0.00017168764,0.000064125044,0.00033494658,0.00002942395,0.00026746237,0.000031862015,0.000107105734,0.00032081886],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000415181,0.0001097795,0.0002762929,0.00046947334,0.00041652145,0.00008048203,0.0068499595,0.00046988367,0.39658928,0.000045692344,0.004499676,0.5901514],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002780527,0.000059869657,0.0000920272,0.0003626157,0.000015784513,0.000034316927,0.0009178323,0.101387896,0.7258241,0.00001862032,0.17044131,0.0005675317],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000060859343,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008433069,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5895839,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013926455,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004794836,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7001219},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402834025","doi":"10.1109/nss/mic/rtsd57108.2024.10657721","title":"Development of a Configurable Photon-to-Digital Converter in 65 nm","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Institut interdisciplinaire d'innovation technologique; Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Photon; Optoelectronics; Electronic engineering; Materials science; Physics; Optics; Engineering","score_opus":0.007513825604427955,"score_gpt":0.2035994033068593,"score_spread":0.19608557770243135,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4402834025","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9005495,0.00009830203,0.0018059999,0.00005354076,0.00022629171,0.00008808422,0.0000045441693,0.00026167618,0.09691208],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9967538,0.000001614629,0.0012071831,0.000042164775,0.000008293967,0.0000057826255,0.0000022049207,0.000014804231,0.0019641472],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99956304,0.000001170157,0.00015127451,0.000086947235,0.00006796549,0.00012962744],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998751,0.000015050104,0.000002447345,0.00006506487,0.000008038647,0.000034249773],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000346964,0.00007009793,0.00009059928,0.00009291004,0.000004952692,0.000042125932,0.00004778861,0.000019036064,0.00028293298],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000034021637,0.00006339792,0.000018478937,0.00014569717,0.0000076206115,0.00007641248,0.000009723036,0.000052763746,0.00033512365],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000036013644,0.00016537044,0.002811385,0.0020141513,0.00041273114,0.00025884013,0.03952714,0.005993182,0.35528344,0.005971754,0.06276749,0.5247585],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00038421433,0.000015582515,0.0015849558,0.00039052995,0.000005785842,0.000016984586,0.00093122973,0.15611735,0.38970277,0.00012400816,0.45026973,0.00045684117],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000010719308,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000017977321,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.52430165,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000034661247,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000024608431,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.43074483},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402905455","doi":"10.1167/jov.24.10.1269","title":"Motion adaptation induced object position bias in macaque IT and SlowFast video recognition models","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Vision","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Macaque; Adaptation (eye); Position (finance); Motion (physics); Object (grammar); Computer vision; Artificial intelligence; Computer science; Communication; Cognitive psychology; Psychology; Neuroscience","score_opus":0.04537420180990208,"score_gpt":0.27323418043777953,"score_spread":0.22785997862787744,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4402905455","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98138696,0.00044850036,0.01677963,0.00039874052,0.00045043518,0.0000637839,0.0000030586564,0.00004872485,0.00042017864],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99845624,0.00043444688,0.0009026985,0.000032008124,0.00013935633,9.4920415e-7,0.0000070647748,0.000018735544,0.0000085276515],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993009,0.000039536764,0.0003130881,0.00008461393,0.00016985077,0.00009203729],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997572,0.000055132143,0.000047827074,0.00004143911,0.00005802729,0.000040424547],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000271462,0.00008746666,0.00011640614,0.00037840457,0.000021452679,0.000094857634,0.000028874707,0.000067460955,0.0000110759565],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000027210092,0.00008047399,0.000045101806,0.00020427552,0.000006375325,0.0008078736,0.000006154545,0.00025726727,0.000008679925],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007290341,0.00004561989,0.000043191594,0.00019914913,0.000033778553,0.00012235274,0.0033455603,0.107776575,0.2215599,0.000066584784,0.0008206672,0.6659137],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00040620542,0.00015197981,0.0035624043,0.0013817872,0.000028156348,0.00026662363,0.00037431906,0.9825296,0.0067507527,0.004336725,0.00008747387,0.00012399536],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000015769014,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000014760136,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.874753,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000112973226,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014385554,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.32816342},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402905918","doi":"10.1167/jov.24.10.1244","title":"Unveiling Mental Imagery: Enhanced Mental Images Reconstruction using EEG and the Bubbles Method","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Vision","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Québec; Université de Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Mental image; Electroencephalography; Computer vision; Artificial intelligence; Computer science; Geology; Psychology; Neuroscience; Cognition","score_opus":0.0070236263665485466,"score_gpt":0.28934008683072804,"score_spread":0.28231646046417946,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4402905918","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9657037,0.0073361695,0.023847835,0.00044828546,0.0021568432,0.00006808613,0.0000041980584,0.00005493781,0.00037990283],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9726804,0.0009828191,0.026046589,0.000018804149,0.00020315312,2.7594163e-7,5.613758e-7,0.000020494363,0.00004689354],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99933463,0.000054731987,0.0002703468,0.000079816564,0.00015421417,0.000106237756],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99972266,0.000104150175,0.000057375735,0.000055352913,0.0000283805,0.000032054686],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00053194695,0.00009642926,0.00016303585,0.00011354841,0.00008459412,0.00016948814,0.00005442925,0.000027841843,0.00003243376],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000020974056,0.00006385068,0.00009179445,0.000108087224,0.00006249353,0.0003944248,0.000020640564,0.00021869184,0.0000026058103],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000040249062,0.000004721164,0.000010253037,0.000039527506,0.00006219324,0.000011493927,0.00097230205,0.001370455,0.79792905,0.00001506874,0.0008841157,0.19866055],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015927849,0.00007895177,0.00060486334,0.0015379624,0.00016537656,0.0040860963,0.0026990422,0.64542603,0.33966547,0.00092179014,0.0029605837,0.00026103968],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000045029115,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.240322e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.64405555,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007999193,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011465161,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.26037553},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402969665","doi":"10.1117/12.3031558","title":"AI-based content-aware encoding at scale utilizing hardware resources in video ASICs for data center","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"BlueDot (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Encoding (memory); Application-specific integrated circuit; Computer hardware; Data center; Scale (ratio); Center (category theory); Computer architecture; Embedded system; Computer network; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.066447982829651,"score_gpt":0.2782414344165349,"score_spread":0.21179345158688392,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4402969665","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8839344,0.00423157,0.07826051,0.005299139,0.0033222586,0.0012265057,0.0014340933,0.0041542635,0.018137295],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99687636,0.000018749111,0.0011764707,0.0004166871,0.00012203682,0.000016102365,0.00021456108,0.00006310384,0.0010959501],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989681,0.000012275648,0.00022882175,0.0003386353,0.00012648973,0.00032564864],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999364,0.00013997029,0.000009433921,0.00040525876,0.000021577365,0.0000597698],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016326642,0.00016380205,0.000168727,0.00012234546,0.000057626232,0.0001500211,0.00026975,0.000057907153,0.00009986238],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000030406472,0.0001524075,0.000062792176,0.00015518577,0.000026004627,0.0002448209,0.000106587126,0.00015919276,0.00003841655],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00027504365,0.0002489748,0.17400202,0.0078065987,0.00047017867,0.00044856773,0.0078391265,0.030171134,0.07657486,0.0012060327,0.5585535,0.14240393],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00046784265,0.00000903371,0.00030819039,0.00048588024,0.000016825223,0.000006311484,0.0005432429,0.73402447,0.010096582,0.000016565524,0.253792,0.00023309547],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004767599,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00045957527,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7038533,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000114527844,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001248812,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6214998},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402969751","doi":"10.1117/12.3031655","title":"Hardware accelerators for AI-based video enhancement and optimization in video ASICs for data center","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"BlueDot (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Application-specific integrated circuit; Data center; Center (category theory); Computer hardware; Embedded system; Operating system","score_opus":0.027063638894644314,"score_gpt":0.27797195631563704,"score_spread":0.25090831742099273,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4402969751","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0041581504,0.00032300275,0.9933018,0.0007226643,0.0004158909,0.00046802522,0.00016901564,0.00021132788,0.00023008481],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.87384075,0.0001282913,0.12255734,0.0009371605,0.00022963603,0.00021972094,0.0013763773,0.00011512604,0.00059557526],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993947,0.0000039199635,0.00015358983,0.00022591765,0.000056932822,0.00016490075],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99967384,0.000069402406,0.0000063303432,0.00019676283,0.000022154552,0.000031501124],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010029685,0.00010509315,0.00009771264,0.000073476585,0.000023908473,0.00013627237,0.00009473938,0.000034268745,0.000051053474],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000023877205,0.00009933118,0.000021587217,0.00009202169,0.000008618331,0.00024113091,0.00002543536,0.000050771443,0.0000025156235],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000079763806,0.00010167617,0.0011019099,0.0024961096,0.00013482188,0.0000066747234,0.0004693995,0.7084182,0.003327852,0.0011509458,0.18075928,0.10195338],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00044741743,0.000016281198,0.000011838181,0.00008527061,0.0000120999,4.3132954e-7,0.000022371427,0.9199059,0.008114568,0.000039433726,0.07122748,0.00011688627],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005716298,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000028533283,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8707445,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000041692747,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016835496,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.40506077},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4403786320","doi":"10.1117/1.jatis.11.2.028007","title":"False alarm rate-based statistical detection limit for astronomical photon detectors","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"Journal of Astronomical Telescopes Instruments and Systems","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics; University of Toronto","funders":"Science and Technology Facilities Council; Nazarbayev University; Hong Kong University of Science and Technology; University of Toronto","keywords":"False alarm; Detector; Constant false alarm rate; Limit (mathematics); Physics; Photon; ALARM; Astronomy; Optics; Remote sensing; Astrophysics; Statistics; Computer science; Mathematics; Artificial intelligence; Engineering; Aerospace engineering; Geology; Mathematical analysis","score_opus":0.012027409829328364,"score_gpt":0.2374407998255805,"score_spread":0.22541338999625213,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4403786320","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8857424,0.00031279767,0.10925034,0.000030017027,0.0036301524,0.00059207086,0.00033742897,0.000054858083,0.000049913553],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99070203,0.000024762405,0.008586204,0.000011381471,0.0005210435,0.00004256631,0.000027633743,0.00005154898,0.00003280453],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99757373,0.00012282666,0.0013078755,0.00035308552,0.00019897523,0.00044349735],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99870336,0.00024152145,0.00041251932,0.00024867515,0.000115726136,0.000278186],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005243999,0.0004719061,0.001034253,0.0002447048,0.00008575779,0.0003365754,0.00030426402,0.0003137627,0.000014659743],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000075593416,0.00043527366,0.00029559198,0.000051700797,0.00010032204,0.00011869157,0.000113231144,0.0008996765,0.0000026920013],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0015744126,0.00031168904,0.010830161,0.0029095162,0.0020823432,0.000009729657,0.000117881966,0.65594155,0.006245841,0.00018949033,0.0017126646,0.31807476],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005715674,0.0008982118,0.0102520585,0.0019901793,0.00064509833,0.000031735726,0.00035068113,0.92567253,0.021510411,0.00013650653,0.031625867,0.0011710627],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000029616735,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000064040632,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.31690368,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004819014,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018495314,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998099},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4403967941","doi":"10.1117/12.3030966","title":"Next generation CMOS TDI detectors","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalsa Corporation","funders":"","keywords":"CMOS; Detector; Computer science; Optoelectronics; Materials science; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.022924645975785328,"score_gpt":0.21288949784900657,"score_spread":0.18996485187322124,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4403967941","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9471321,0.0014640361,0.013106669,0.00016431593,0.0017812587,0.000059551254,0.0000016403748,0.0022360368,0.034054384],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99708503,0.00003181591,0.0005488218,0.000044185017,0.00031116136,0.0000030643034,0.000003172781,0.0000202415,0.001952532],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997184,0.000002855627,0.00006073438,0.00007491918,0.00005017108,0.00009287656],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99988776,0.000009353365,0.0000011901209,0.000072267656,0.000004989891,0.000024428402],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00002339222,0.00005782021,0.000037662405,0.00003860843,0.000016089938,0.000106658794,0.000029021361,0.000021500686,0.00034705258],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000033240585,0.000050706454,0.000025619524,0.00009579984,0.000005237859,0.00011006395,0.0000043731998,0.00005768832,0.00044657354],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[4.867131e-7,0.0000045015117,0.00006530726,0.00008434786,0.0000444684,0.000026254802,0.00044065018,0.016673943,0.7420838,0.0027170847,0.0778809,0.15997829],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000026472015,0.000004106209,0.000058690806,0.000009272802,0.0000061877176,0.000007710941,0.000024698693,0.8376552,0.08716325,0.00005255055,0.07489085,0.00010100222],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000981148,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000013904976,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.82098126,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000022675324,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000039435527,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5739949},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404133810","doi":"10.1145/3649329.3656516","title":"QUQ: Quadruplet Uniform Quantization for Efficient Vision Transformer Inference","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Computer science; Transformer; Inference; Quantization (signal processing); Artificial intelligence; Computer vision; Speech recognition; Electrical engineering; Engineering","score_opus":0.009876990074872903,"score_gpt":0.2698857335242779,"score_spread":0.260008743449405,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4404133810","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.13642697,0.00026172237,0.85065514,0.0003046295,0.0006849396,0.00022410112,0.000016072032,0.0010168148,0.010409583],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980736,0.000043785738,0.0012032879,0.000030182147,0.000050328203,0.000011551829,0.00002489517,0.000026885358,0.0005355153],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99948555,0.000002701322,0.00013670968,0.0001194202,0.00009070404,0.00016491982],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997918,0.000064241656,0.0000035876928,0.00008429231,0.000021981263,0.000034077733],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007989771,0.000096636264,0.00007725716,0.00008382693,0.00003452172,0.000085525506,0.00005108827,0.00003743145,0.00009344285],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009127377,0.00007963623,0.000053641877,0.00017955824,0.000012208403,0.00009034088,0.000002476346,0.00006030136,0.000085808606],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000019957659,0.00006128437,0.00008501585,0.0012616458,0.000075265525,0.0000055130213,0.0028018951,0.6169868,0.05549477,0.13178402,0.011706654,0.17971714],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00010937157,0.00002365129,0.00008473481,0.000065677195,0.000011165861,0.0000019401793,0.000082636216,0.94178885,0.011869753,0.00021398749,0.04561859,0.00012963306],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000012495393,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000019006415,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8616466,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000033207314,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001189723,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.32474712},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404482200","doi":"10.1109/radecs59798.2023.10752861","title":"Ionizing Radiation Effects in Non-Radiation-Tolerant Digital Video Cameras","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Canadian Nuclear Laboratories","funders":"Atomic Energy of Canada Limited","keywords":"Ionizing radiation; Computer science; Radiation; Computer graphics (images); Computer vision; Non-ionizing radiation; Optics; Irradiation; Physics","score_opus":0.0036545804331006952,"score_gpt":0.196443219374854,"score_spread":0.19278863894175333,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4404482200","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.990654,0.00010900993,0.001529003,0.00015625914,0.00050955004,0.000152745,0.000003256056,0.00073571125,0.0061504683],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99932355,0.000034384695,0.000060219132,0.000049221777,0.00010720433,0.0000144652095,0.000032227654,0.000028184459,0.0003505749],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993836,0.000006886882,0.00014945929,0.00012430029,0.000108559485,0.00022714467],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997054,0.00011965943,0.000011230829,0.000110105764,0.000008227265,0.000045399585],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000063447405,0.00010446714,0.000113287904,0.00019576294,0.000030899304,0.000091005706,0.00005530339,0.00003844374,0.000015231834],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000045916648,0.00010797812,0.000034677363,0.00048827095,0.000008200855,0.00027118804,0.000010755551,0.00009419934,0.000528034],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000070070996,0.000035530287,0.050214756,0.0002458964,0.000059459984,0.00011724065,0.0034661747,0.47022378,0.009207549,0.0005417509,0.018904515,0.44697633],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006152535,0.0000117637255,0.18026209,0.000054438944,0.0000050347785,0.000003758379,0.00012114914,0.8105189,0.0043557864,0.00017971138,0.003611714,0.00026039532],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000047308487,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001348297,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.44671595,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007285844,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000076186534,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6786985},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404564857","doi":"10.1109/dft63277.2024.10753532","title":"Image Degradation due to Interacting Hot Pixels and SEUs","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Degradation (telecommunications); Pixel; Computer science; Image (mathematics); Computer vision; Artificial intelligence; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.007128111704545758,"score_gpt":0.23361467115112375,"score_spread":0.226486559446578,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4404564857","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9331604,0.00021990086,0.03770602,0.00052186166,0.00060752954,0.00006803866,0.0000028689187,0.0008581268,0.0268552],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99151796,0.0000075724515,0.007104933,0.000061686325,0.000072513176,0.0000023088392,0.0000023031039,0.000018454371,0.0012122603],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99970716,0.0000033883218,0.000067518195,0.00009027053,0.00003931735,0.00009236993],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99985117,0.00004682649,0.000002052488,0.000056384655,0.0000063969933,0.000037145368],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000040893497,0.000059940783,0.000051027302,0.00005889668,0.000016489019,0.0001435937,0.000024262712,0.00001248084,0.000095182026],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001691498,0.000054849887,0.000012800842,0.00007763303,0.0000044418875,0.0001629188,0.000014109497,0.00006945389,0.00016283584],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000071249124,0.000010501372,0.00017345794,0.00038247884,0.00007661007,0.00018163494,0.0036436282,0.0012894974,0.54012805,0.0016067066,0.039880473,0.41261986],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00016674165,0.000031881904,0.0025342514,0.00030558323,0.000032443302,0.00031106055,0.0011648352,0.79142696,0.107796796,0.00028043328,0.09540423,0.00054479565],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000021414093,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000012154461,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.79013747,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000018838178,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000022849608,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.22367135},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404740720","doi":"10.1109/redw61286.2024.10759189","title":"TID and SEE Response of the COTS LI-OV9712-USB-M8 Camera","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria; University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"USB; Computer science; Embedded system; Computer hardware; Operating system; Computer graphics (images); Software","score_opus":0.004206795631845273,"score_gpt":0.1944944330844779,"score_spread":0.1902876374526326,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4404740720","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98682183,0.0010543399,0.00013059081,0.0005402795,0.00033832795,0.00004983734,0.000007660337,0.00022600061,0.010831116],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99086434,0.000036165737,0.00010354058,0.00006812966,0.000032286407,0.0000013305191,2.944871e-7,0.00001688281,0.008877021],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996511,0.000019014167,0.00008389079,0.000078903606,0.00007209853,0.000095045805],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997167,0.00010057392,0.000004091476,0.00014573181,0.000008518483,0.000024370644],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009878021,0.00006704985,0.00007174559,0.000033994806,0.000018390265,0.00002896083,0.000047756006,0.00002398139,0.00011824679],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002185834,0.00004461552,0.000030513915,0.00012259129,0.000038183156,0.000037941383,0.00002446314,0.00008988045,0.000035690693],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00020231953,0.000049093698,0.0055721477,0.0010768351,0.0003909443,0.000107956635,0.012553503,0.0098262485,0.65063083,0.0074240253,0.25983682,0.05232929],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006039696,0.00008085978,0.07810279,0.0005076827,0.00010498241,0.00023971371,0.0007500558,0.16686018,0.2922102,0.00059785275,0.45926237,0.00067936105],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000025274476,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009457263,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.35842064,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000012330143,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011610694,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.18193682},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404742520","doi":"10.1007/978-94-007-0099-4_1","title":"Introduction to CMOS Sensors","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Analog circuits and signal processing/Analog circuits and signal processing series","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"CMOS; Computer science; Electrical engineering; Materials science; Optoelectronics; Engineering","score_opus":0.01112034900596546,"score_gpt":0.21030974101053865,"score_spread":0.1991893920045732,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4404742520","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.023033438,0.2594079,0.021581972,0.008319151,0.0031830962,0.0039898534,0.0011272988,0.008417074,0.6709402],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8701575,0.0016739543,0.00008203978,0.0005613253,0.004195393,0.00004882052,0.00019468501,0.0005759418,0.122510366],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99432194,0.000037499896,0.0013531614,0.0020556685,0.0009624719,0.0012692404],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978662,0.00008608647,0.0003281565,0.00043487674,0.0005370521,0.0007476237],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","scholarly_communication"],"consensus_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00055241905,0.001726459,0.0016772914,0.0010774765,0.0010249808,0.001997097,0.00043523012,0.0008691383,0.00043563318],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000026864222,0.0016681148,0.00028404748,0.00053728465,0.00077479903,0.0011745131,0.00015765271,0.0017075383,0.00013921341],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003716343,0.00005593603,0.0000607859,0.0075719766,0.0006403248,0.0004871733,0.0038311647,0.0022429381,0.006714925,0.0144562,0.011347423,0.952554],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0014910001,0.0014384101,0.00035779664,0.009607306,0.0033060373,0.003960656,0.0020097164,0.027778504,0.002474292,0.107882105,0.8297928,0.00990141],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000027004193,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000048322087,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9426526,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020153921,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00030174042,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99954814},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404798844","doi":"10.18280/mmep.111119","title":"Adaptive Compression Techniques for Lightweight Object Detection in Edge Devices","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Mathematical Modelling and Engineering Problems","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution; Compression (physics); Computer vision; Object (grammar); Artificial intelligence; Materials science","score_opus":0.018471435087864037,"score_gpt":0.21863749963234122,"score_spread":0.2001660645444772,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4404798844","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.025898011,0.0026488982,0.9694135,0.000022403883,0.00014062294,0.00028242747,0.0000034544023,0.0011584518,0.00043219002],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96441156,0.00011262383,0.035174042,0.0000031574803,0.00007645473,0.00012341395,0.0000019348386,0.000057293564,0.000039523795],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992641,0.000004765583,0.00022900608,0.00018926397,0.000077980934,0.00023488028],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99969393,0.00014786342,0.0000073509586,0.00008692177,0.000013224094,0.000050713777],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016211982,0.00017586286,0.0001959425,0.00016367485,0.000031142128,0.0000895861,0.000053534026,0.00008908615,0.0000024217086],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000075336793,0.00015286193,0.000045651857,0.00014328274,0.000012629555,0.00012137144,0.000013402317,0.00019563026,0.000005001654],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004733533,0.00001819474,0.0000017402341,0.0030250908,0.000025243295,0.000003754952,0.0010023954,0.966473,0.006694002,0.0037682191,0.000029168164,0.018954463],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000666652,0.000026493854,0.0000020483772,0.0013966409,0.000014313474,0.000011561687,0.000017005626,0.97655374,0.012391384,0.0071644145,0.0021628172,0.00019293002],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003999108,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000015497127,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9385135,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003933966,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000034809466,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6233528},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404909132","doi":"10.23977/jeeem.2024.070306","title":"Battery Disassembly Exemplification Employing a Vision Sensor for Educational Purposes in Robotics Courses","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Electrotechnology Electrical Engineering and Management","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Exemplification; Robotics; Artificial intelligence; Battery (electricity); Computer science; Engineering; Human–computer interaction; Computer vision; Systems engineering; Robot; Philosophy; Physics","score_opus":0.004866704057630058,"score_gpt":0.23706973540796877,"score_spread":0.2322030313503387,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4404909132","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.42849112,0.016814983,0.54372764,0.008677587,0.00092658086,0.00066590577,0.0000028953705,0.00058836973,0.000104912564],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9872695,0.0021883766,0.010244316,0.000025268264,0.00012428006,0.000035177713,0.0000021588717,0.00004001356,0.00007091176],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990961,0.0000072905286,0.00033287154,0.00014694093,0.00011338757,0.00030343136],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996582,0.0001442475,0.000032501535,0.00008980062,0.000032190506,0.00004304588],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018164406,0.00014819644,0.00021360647,0.0007705347,0.000028469118,0.00006137762,0.00010967304,0.00008200046,0.0000011781943],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000050808412,0.00014225465,0.00006131273,0.00045701792,0.000017004117,0.00011651639,0.000014019243,0.0003332946,0.0000013954242],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007872494,0.00023159811,0.00020437484,0.001741433,0.00066336687,0.00016499439,0.00013571074,0.53729576,0.18409511,0.12238975,0.006184101,0.14681505],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00089716254,0.0006125967,0.0020325782,0.0007482455,0.0002201903,0.0007179643,0.000053701526,0.9474268,0.0140646035,0.004938759,0.02770183,0.00058554317],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":6.401176e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.062305e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5587784,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015746451,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016816628,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5800976},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4405002098","doi":"10.3390/s24237693","title":"Adjoint-Assisted Shape Optimization of Microlenses for CMOS Image Sensors","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Sensors","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ansys (Canada); McMaster University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Mitacs","keywords":"CMOS; Image sensor; Computer vision; Microlens; Artificial intelligence; Image (mathematics); Computer science; Computer graphics (images); Engineering; Optics; Electronic engineering; Lens (geology); Physics","score_opus":0.00961120173622991,"score_gpt":0.2280206760307326,"score_spread":0.2184094742945027,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4405002098","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98855835,0.0009954189,0.0047470587,0.00026327293,0.0009212871,0.0003936581,0.00018472203,0.0012221902,0.0027140144],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9694355,0.00016003475,0.029068712,0.000033675744,0.00020609226,0.00001624046,0.000059996502,0.00014659246,0.00087316765],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99890745,0.0000224773,0.00034652266,0.00026615607,0.00014357996,0.0003138004],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99941766,0.00015247047,0.00003211036,0.0002339389,0.000095756965,0.00006805221],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010613831,0.00022887056,0.0002659496,0.00016128282,0.000045030338,0.00007187625,0.0000970706,0.00009529333,0.00016538631],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000658035,0.00023018428,0.00018483559,0.0003027342,0.00007300224,0.00011483873,0.000015385107,0.00013205355,0.000051541432],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000041834446,0.000039450093,0.000034749824,0.0012734503,0.00018946674,0.000045254714,0.00096444663,0.650144,0.3219083,0.00021929048,0.011003254,0.014136485],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00026284542,0.00003115094,0.0001384425,0.00016912374,0.00006517533,0.00004150528,0.00024761722,0.8596654,0.13178794,0.000038624938,0.0072800415,0.00027210783],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007394083,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000025871673,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.20952141,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000051944473,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002008426,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.93866426},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4405908478","doi":"10.1109/wf-iot62078.2024.10811120","title":"Real-Time Data Imputation for Low Inertia Nanogrid Digital Twins","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Imputation (statistics); Missing data; Machine learning","score_opus":0.011260208935526908,"score_gpt":0.2414914917067419,"score_spread":0.230231282771215,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4405908478","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.75765866,0.00092020765,0.10652588,0.0013451946,0.002704606,0.0008888282,0.0014195403,0.01087035,0.1176667],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9935816,0.00002212357,0.0019787566,0.00001949589,0.0002579837,0.000005863284,0.0007115603,0.00004895686,0.0033736909],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99953324,0.0000015041584,0.00010904433,0.00015553221,0.000060161685,0.00014054956],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996752,0.00005191143,0.0000037904263,0.00022431364,0.000011769425,0.000033026037],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00003996908,0.000083159044,0.00006913307,0.000046325702,0.000016874634,0.00021090017,0.0001192417,0.000024667128,0.00004450853],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001759137,0.00007335056,0.000028709752,0.00009933797,0.000009276367,0.00045252012,0.00003312049,0.000038820846,0.0002754321],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013089097,0.000039811483,0.00011503426,0.0006938851,0.00021900905,0.00003088728,0.00056918303,0.015534742,0.07173136,0.0027225285,0.71140224,0.19692822],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008756379,0.000010066976,0.000050816532,0.000033944416,0.000013075285,0.0000075442017,0.000022819944,0.95360076,0.0034624569,0.00022338422,0.04235616,0.0001314196],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009384363,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000023978887,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.938066,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000023897499,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011592629,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.35402143},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406317051","doi":"10.33232/001c.138627","title":"Dark Energy Survey Year 6 Results: Synthetic-source Injection Across the Full Survey Using Balrog","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Open Journal of Astrophysics","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Regional Municipality of Waterloo; Perimeter Institute; University of Waterloo","funders":"SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory; Integrated Electronics Engineering Center, Binghamton University; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; High Energy Physics; Office of Science; Institut de Física d'Altes Energies; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico; European Commission; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación; Generalitat de Catalunya; European Regional Development Fund; U.S. Department of Energy; Science and Technology Facilities Council; University College London; Argonne National Laboratory; Centres de Recerca de Catalunya; University of Portsmouth; Ohio State University; University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; University of Pennsylvania; Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos; Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro; University of Sussex; Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação; University of Chicago; Fermilab; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Dark energy; Galaxy; Redshift; Physics; Cosmology; Astronomy; Sky; Astrophysics; Observatory; Computer science","score_opus":0.01932335711085461,"score_gpt":0.2706048081262511,"score_spread":0.2512814510153965,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4406317051","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9359189,0.00011804644,0.061541636,0.00014449423,0.0009533531,0.000088372755,0.0000971618,0.000023485587,0.0011145017],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990235,0.000033346656,0.0003802439,0.000043383585,0.00017177407,5.440549e-7,0.00000639537,0.000031175645,0.00030963102],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985906,0.00044461433,0.00039988858,0.0001067546,0.0002114634,0.00024667403],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987883,0.0003853851,0.00018743546,0.0003913241,0.0002066389,0.0000409372],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0018287285,0.00015384679,0.00024665918,0.000032031814,0.00027806763,0.0003743054,0.00088543154,0.00003626572,0.0000043662685],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016997156,0.00009642587,0.00009012358,0.00045139776,0.00009158719,0.00020676384,0.0001843706,0.00037030532,0.0000047993335],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0011559266,0.00008473854,0.0010300826,0.000015147316,0.0005071883,0.000008918657,0.0015695932,0.90469134,0.009937382,0.00020671371,0.008219701,0.072573245],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.013989482,0.0018619263,0.34058973,0.0030065114,0.0011167448,0.0011193785,0.017213713,0.41701955,0.05857751,0.0046652867,0.1374731,0.003367077],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0012287145,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00022087725,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.48767182,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000083636056,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006059243,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.39321327},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406495864","doi":"10.1016/0967-0653(96)85387-7","title":"10.1016/0967-0653(96)85387-7","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Time to knit","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Business","score_opus":0.0036097353439464084,"score_gpt":0.14772924154651704,"score_spread":0.14411950620257064,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4406495864","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0020972076,0.00009656907,0.0000024320245,0.000103567574,0.0000039956294,0.00007922596,0.000010576305,0.0006716506,0.9969348],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0009502856,4.0761455e-7,0.00013349415,0.00002486092,0.00015740955,0.0000070244437,0.000009796597,0.000045172947,0.99867153],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993324,0.0000096040085,0.00012671167,0.00014188024,0.00011429043,0.0002750966],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996004,0.000019966881,0.0000058637906,0.00024387242,0.000013968679,0.00011594551],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00004895788,0.00013950927,0.00013124324,0.000050554885,0.000037918362,0.000039300747,0.00014459646,0.000043034303,0.9947445],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00000908648,0.00014709722,0.00004913548,0.00016330036,0.000015854286,0.00007135539,0.000012727514,0.00011028928,0.99720806],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000075595417,0.000010462376,7.84046e-8,0.000008366684,0.000014556585,0.0000071134286,0.00003099243,0.0052219434,0.00012453165,5.463521e-7,0.36958358,0.6249903],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00012420981,0.000020115569,0.000015366522,0.000014730546,0.00000985234,0.000010501532,0.0000010621204,0.0048066257,0.00047635112,0.0000046092864,0.9943182,0.00019838444],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009867744,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.2676075e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.62479186,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000032835364,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000053479716,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.59984505},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406672979","doi":"10.1016/b978-0-08-051702-5.50012-7","title":"10.1016/b978-0-08-051702-5.50012-7","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Time to knit","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Electronic circuit; Computer science; Electrical engineering; Engineering","score_opus":0.005391564745735666,"score_gpt":0.15054867763149393,"score_spread":0.14515711288575828,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4406672979","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0000019465585,0.00057152443,0.0000017712171,0.000051073966,0.000013893953,0.00022239063,0.000106406,0.0010174137,0.99801356],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0000039960128,0.0000025122338,0.000087787725,0.000028948145,0.00053078955,0.000009209558,0.00009124526,0.00027610347,0.99896944],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99859864,0.000006308643,0.0003261304,0.0003668056,0.00027364944,0.00042848705],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999093,0.000038187507,0.000036068883,0.00058146263,0.000037880807,0.00021340966],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.000060939317,0.00053281506,0.00047663477,0.00023268495,0.000053228592,0.00006905879,0.00032191814,0.00029265104,0.9955932],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000073804913,0.0005986682,0.00019543667,0.00004974914,0.000044616372,0.00006550767,0.00005153112,0.00047721673,0.99731684],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014938119,0.0000059752165,2.270633e-9,0.000038562895,0.000097190416,0.00004023951,0.000015712936,0.0012078079,0.000021136206,0.00003892457,0.43075505,0.56776446],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00014858783,0.000036673937,4.5348693e-7,0.00016347236,0.000070325594,0.000028723718,2.3502362e-7,0.00051645946,0.00003572476,0.0001301842,0.9981771,0.0006920714],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005865727,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.2531006e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.56742203,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000111867805,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000021873117,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996465},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4408254159","doi":"10.1109/tim.2025.3548236","title":"rPPG Estimation: Vision Transformer With 3-D Temporal Central Difference","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine; Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Computer vision; Artificial intelligence; Transformer; Computer science; Pattern recognition (psychology); Engineering; Voltage; Electrical engineering","score_opus":0.011702497657392265,"score_gpt":0.2265739871446508,"score_spread":0.21487148948725854,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4408254159","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.2215254,0.000036194924,0.7756889,0.00040495262,0.000451692,0.00024562376,0.000007762958,0.00017618874,0.0014632869],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99827415,0.00006347649,0.0013084001,0.00013403052,0.000007159032,0.000037966383,0.0000037055324,0.0000112655225,0.00015986146],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992284,0.000014902939,0.00017126663,0.00014933596,0.0002726064,0.00016344152],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997837,0.000007905611,0.0000143017805,0.000092348535,0.000038877017,0.00006288831],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000060955826,0.00014384686,0.000104509934,0.000120062636,0.00014081609,0.00005820763,0.000037487425,0.000033796852,0.000040441446],"category_scores_gemma":[5.6231886e-7,0.00012573162,0.000030261572,0.00015979161,0.00004049404,0.00013452377,1.0472528e-7,0.000114855786,0.0000045580387],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00018344089,0.00021197261,0.0005106738,0.00025522657,0.00019489216,0.0000021466878,0.0011928605,0.08165505,0.034691226,0.00027066655,0.00023243677,0.8805994],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0074127107,0.00056954974,0.037306655,0.0010781296,0.00034460495,0.000024698993,0.0014888464,0.1682181,0.7791601,0.00034434488,0.003134115,0.000918177],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000023106728,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00010890304,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8796812,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014191223,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000031447835,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5127187},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4408324837","doi":"10.1109/globecom52923.2024.10901658","title":"Attention-based Vision Knowledge Adaptation for Constrained Continual Learning","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Research and Development","keywords":"Adaptation (eye); Computer science; Artificial intelligence; Knowledge management; Human–computer interaction; Psychology","score_opus":0.00983658002056991,"score_gpt":0.2563311284823295,"score_spread":0.24649454846175956,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4408324837","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.1308806,0.00072360254,0.83576995,0.00028178722,0.0011966553,0.00028674843,0.000011724178,0.0026446108,0.028204339],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99368685,0.0000028161219,0.0025156622,0.000011868685,0.00009678724,0.000014272685,0.000039721053,0.000026773732,0.0036052696],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995885,0.000009273256,0.00011544194,0.00011278218,0.000048335,0.00012566862],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997226,0.00016209604,0.0000055345417,0.000044573564,0.00003653844,0.000028655995],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009695961,0.00008082249,0.000073277486,0.00007508659,0.000042702417,0.00008007891,0.00002819401,0.000033140765,0.00009760153],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000026131034,0.00007670538,0.00006610885,0.000097828415,0.000018320108,0.000075620854,0.000002940272,0.00008136977,0.00009540614],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000029900952,0.000058617017,0.00028925904,0.0010817642,0.00014086043,0.000012192783,0.00179891,0.23825681,0.13105255,0.01619965,0.028324751,0.58275473],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00026209184,0.000029959994,0.00016229316,0.000082920276,0.0000144639425,0.0000014012564,0.0002726724,0.95216197,0.001344529,0.000056064255,0.045508508,0.000103113496],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000027158783,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000010815866,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.86280626,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002564168,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000018798992,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.31279546},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4409080406","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-87897-8","title":"Design and Architecture for Signal and Image Processing","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"book","venue":"Lecture notes in computer science","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Brandenburgische Technische Universität Cottbus-Senftenberg; Sorbonne Université; Universidade do Porto; Universidad Politécnica de Madrid; Università degli Studi di Cagliari; Polytechnique Montréal; Indian National Science Academy","keywords":"Computer science; Architecture; Signal processing; Image processing; Image (mathematics); SIGNAL (programming language); Digital image processing; Computer architecture; Computer vision; Computer graphics (images); Artificial intelligence; Computer hardware; Digital signal processing; Programming language","score_opus":0.00782722738084828,"score_gpt":0.22161533766706684,"score_spread":0.21378811028621855,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4409080406","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00009674622,0.001737187,0.9968917,0.00014462578,0.0002150322,0.00034855746,0.0000042300985,0.00012677956,0.00043518972],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0153199695,0.000038509414,0.98341864,0.00040594614,0.00032202768,0.000017061,0.000004798994,0.000040756797,0.00043230673],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99889,0.00001095872,0.00015221527,0.000474347,0.000155816,0.0003166744],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99933326,0.00037400943,0.00002906581,0.00015575072,0.000050120423,0.000057780348],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023520963,0.00026233413,0.00026429427,0.0003044347,0.000121365105,0.00029326038,0.00025728115,0.00012391037,0.0000015564091],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000029293442,0.00023859991,0.000024159242,0.00022281165,0.00036503735,0.00010311497,0.000102826256,0.00036933334,3.317781e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000047880753,0.0000026628277,0.0000035966793,0.00048452071,0.0000052221594,0.0000074495097,0.0005819358,0.15600859,0.001173746,0.000012808678,0.0002231536,0.8414915],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00019777786,0.000038613292,0.00001970916,0.0006261038,0.000014815515,0.00003400759,2.16439e-7,0.97060436,0.0031294376,0.02346701,0.0015353307,0.00033263932],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000013522805,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000041523463,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.84115887,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000075649274,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00021276441,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.97298217},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4410138454","doi":"10.1186/s40623-025-02158-0","title":"Optimizing VGOS observations using an SNR-based scheduling approach","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Earth Planets and Space","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Natural Resources Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Geology; Scheduling (production processes); Computer science; Real-time computing; Mathematical optimization; Mathematics","score_opus":0.03081150250233705,"score_gpt":0.22887988484419752,"score_spread":0.19806838234186047,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4410138454","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9310737,0.0005934376,0.06466591,0.00013005508,0.00015469249,0.00010308795,0.0000108131435,0.00026154885,0.0030067249],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8875633,0.000013674332,0.111982204,0.00011929015,0.000049022874,0.0000018661924,0.000050593277,0.000015017687,0.00020505571],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99950254,0.000013882585,0.00009472659,0.00014432857,0.00006288393,0.00018165038],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997521,0.00002852324,0.000012354859,0.00013747594,0.000013562845,0.000055957822],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006371215,0.000111036774,0.00011564933,0.00007787595,0.0001264385,0.00008471007,0.000051038136,0.00004838211,0.000009074933],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00000873914,0.000114584625,0.000016617329,0.00013451806,0.000021951217,0.00010556478,0.0000091966795,0.0001305582,0.0000018421803],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000028127918,0.000014062146,0.0021592132,0.000058082296,0.00001508567,0.0000034797192,0.00021792007,0.9913419,0.0049449783,0.00045610056,0.00007030713,0.00071608793],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00022133562,0.000006800281,0.0033407314,0.000048435515,0.000015203067,0.000003661663,0.00019454879,0.9906841,0.0009371394,0.000013474395,0.0043995366,0.00013502012],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000059998776,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000022401859,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.047316294,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00000790588,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000021928347,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.46726254},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412198692","doi":"10.1093/mnras/staf1139","title":"Low surface brightness structures from annotated deep CFHT images: effects of the host galaxy’s properties and environment","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Herzberg Institute of Astrophysics","funders":"Canadian Space Agency; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Leverhulme Trust; Nuclear Safety and Security Commission; National Astronomical Observatory of Japan; Universität Wien; Academy of Finland; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Centre national d'études spatiales; Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales; Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung; Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Physics; Surface brightness; Astrophysics; Galaxy; Host (biology); Astronomy; Brightness","score_opus":0.0026658160638855536,"score_gpt":0.1523976862257943,"score_spread":0.14973187016190875,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4412198692","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9978452,0.0012219626,0.00007127119,0.00021207704,0.00026602,0.00025201117,0.00004850199,0.00003188412,0.000051092873],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990379,0.000001627614,0.00079966144,0.000017655202,0.000025927253,0.0000037691993,0.000002131274,0.000016112532,0.00009522268],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99921274,0.00005358652,0.00023164447,0.00018114304,0.00012496983,0.00019591443],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999453,0.0001195723,0.00007667714,0.00030534505,0.000012647317,0.00003277692],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000053870568,0.00018248241,0.00025474472,0.0000057022366,0.00009040372,0.000030388357,0.00034279044,0.00006926911,0.000009813011],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000017728678,0.00010779768,0.00019244628,0.000050120536,0.0003636716,0.00004663111,0.00019733713,0.00019667127,7.4967375e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000134801785,0.000026728356,0.01591632,0.00018664244,0.00021144949,4.0381096e-8,0.0005618313,0.96825576,0.01419325,0.0000044290946,0.00022091225,0.00040918592],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003464908,0.000012795088,0.47967824,0.000111334564,0.00008967423,4.2367976e-9,0.00015675831,0.26914328,0.25024876,0.00002015331,0.00009166517,0.00010084821],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00025939822,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000018608704,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6991125,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006461395,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000115223675,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.43958616},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412910556","doi":"10.1093/mam/ozaf048.437","title":"High-throughput Imaging for Everyone: New Designs for Parallel Multiwell Imaging","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Microscopy and Microanalysis","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Throughput; Computer science; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.00914335887216099,"score_gpt":0.2595069565937469,"score_spread":0.2503635977215859,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4412910556","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.029489232,0.014714068,0.9537448,0.00055062986,0.0004592916,0.00053097657,0.000097210264,0.0002908613,0.00012290892],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.62970495,0.00085440365,0.35245976,0.0015958992,0.00035851172,0.0001642739,0.00024054977,0.00016716887,0.014454473],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984997,0.00001667923,0.00039311443,0.0004823747,0.00006326024,0.0005448845],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992706,0.00017801845,0.00005379541,0.0003198329,0.000078149875,0.00009959293],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016629699,0.00033606976,0.00047275375,0.00027513152,0.00025685673,0.00020591202,0.00019565228,0.00006030981,0.000020162626],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003711591,0.0003567577,0.00027880422,0.0003309204,0.00007467564,0.00018836709,0.000044672146,0.00011898977,0.0000073836095],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001035587,0.00004440203,0.0033378983,0.00038607477,0.0006381342,0.0000038638964,0.00048559284,0.0064467583,0.8014855,0.00021091018,0.15728179,0.029575523],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0060104807,0.000025673742,0.0010196853,0.0002747647,0.0022561757,0.000017496732,0.00070135033,0.16755797,0.5711581,0.003216716,0.24639377,0.0013677794],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00026881127,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004963113,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.60128504,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000091115995,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000047335485,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998884},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412910686","doi":"10.1093/mam/ozaf048.1127","title":"Segmented Detector Digitization and the Role of Denoising for Increasing Achievable Temporal Resolution in Phase Characterization","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Microscopy and Microanalysis","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Trinity College","funders":"","keywords":"Digitization; Characterization (materials science); Noise reduction; Detector; Resolution (logic); Materials science; Phase (matter); Computer science; Artificial intelligence; Optics; Physics; Computer vision; Nanotechnology","score_opus":0.0033237174280416498,"score_gpt":0.22908681249187815,"score_spread":0.2257630950638365,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4412910686","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95706517,0.001398882,0.04118494,0.000057155135,0.000023637944,0.00018064499,0.000029787785,0.000026183581,0.00003358356],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99874973,0.0001713738,0.0008944104,0.000022968037,0.000009712712,0.000009405099,0.00009738365,0.0000090409285,0.000035947043],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99946463,0.000039915627,0.00023021843,0.000121000216,0.000031481846,0.00011273007],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99976534,0.000061218656,0.000047369493,0.00008254981,0.000029802448,0.000013724248],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002293412,0.00008812495,0.00019358878,0.00018279515,0.00009016389,0.00006184671,0.00003628264,0.000038206676,0.0000013098498],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003582467,0.000076961405,0.00003580058,0.00031513945,0.00006285965,0.0001068951,0.000015830932,0.000047364974,9.9089945e-8],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001838186,0.000017149932,0.0064319065,0.00006721048,0.00005490334,9.880061e-8,0.0003096543,0.00019253124,0.9824468,0.00005324407,0.0000027828892,0.010239886],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0028074223,0.000013857241,0.0031559234,0.00015336148,0.00022480494,0.0000023648533,0.0003283989,0.1764851,0.8156894,0.00025973865,0.00075730495,0.00012234147],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00015013666,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000052196538,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.17629258,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003148082,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008946783,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.31383952},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4413147181","doi":"10.1109/cvpr52734.2025.01667","title":"Exposure-slot: Exposure-centric representations learning with Slot-in-Slot Attention for Region-aware Exposure Correction","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Artificial intelligence; Human–computer interaction","score_opus":0.007686615925241603,"score_gpt":0.22460732119548635,"score_spread":0.21692070527024473,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4413147181","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7195553,0.00065884663,0.2527251,0.00058638095,0.002691857,0.0013938537,0.0000056174567,0.0017155064,0.020667542],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9823941,0.00009621334,0.00069272437,0.00006257863,0.00013110413,0.00020474437,0.00006913628,0.000061543964,0.016287865],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984012,0.00006500665,0.0004447124,0.00044213625,0.00020810052,0.0004387917],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991719,0.00019538317,0.00007303085,0.00033398607,0.00015372082,0.000071980314],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016551667,0.0002749059,0.00028588384,0.00043988903,0.00021795751,0.00011113633,0.0001352566,0.00012812899,0.000036169855],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009179827,0.0002698958,0.00011666352,0.0009462,0.000037265167,0.0002929873,0.000024814755,0.00032976063,0.000017815975],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003590688,0.0003134321,0.45637506,0.0006011369,0.00032707085,0.000058625395,0.0017355273,0.43227404,0.0061444268,0.003206125,0.021995623,0.07660988],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.009535163,0.00093678286,0.43999213,0.0011613427,0.00034816968,0.00014521425,0.012416054,0.4864635,0.010809763,0.00031962967,0.036112543,0.001759727],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00013070474,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00035893408,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.26283878,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022830252,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000043092015,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999753},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4413854296","doi":"10.1016/j.eswa.2025.129529","title":"A biologically inspired separable learning vision model for real-time traffic object perception in Dark","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Expert Systems with Applications","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus","funders":"Chongqing Jiaotong University; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Object (grammar); Computer science; Artificial intelligence; Perception; Separable space; Computer vision; Object detection; Pattern recognition (psychology); Mathematics; Psychology","score_opus":0.00810138743306262,"score_gpt":0.25746154236608865,"score_spread":0.24936015493302602,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4413854296","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.42348772,0.00071163406,0.5572868,0.00021612913,0.00009306147,0.002964861,0.000019774014,0.0016618811,0.013558174],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9903028,0.00010498819,0.005018485,0.000023768609,0.000045006884,0.0027225497,0.00006364338,0.000028652768,0.0016901303],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991426,0.0000270265,0.00026076112,0.00027062767,0.00007621419,0.00022276893],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995808,0.00006948688,0.000032821845,0.00023059666,0.00004703364,0.00003924786],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013970194,0.00015070682,0.00021781777,0.00014421661,0.00014024459,0.000051608113,0.000116883406,0.000091413924,0.0000034667557],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000096083195,0.00012905287,0.00004077193,0.00035192352,0.000027373122,0.000076502416,0.000010364902,0.00010892765,0.000024290317],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000022659606,0.000043128053,0.000109154564,0.000080164835,0.000016247657,2.7800994e-7,0.00088149187,0.9249606,0.06850561,0.00035590428,0.0020989846,0.002925788],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000376182,0.000027341433,0.00037787412,0.00012837055,0.0000064377596,0.0000024988205,0.00038221953,0.99086887,0.000055042707,0.000034574252,0.007580277,0.00016032447],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006837054,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000018131583,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5668151,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001428942,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003358876,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.52626234},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4414277469","doi":"10.1117/12.3063924","title":"Teledyne’s CMOS TDI detectors for remote sensing applications","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalsa Corporation","funders":"","keywords":"Detector; Earth observation; Satellite; Focal Plane Arrays; Remote sensing application; Low earth orbit; Space technology","score_opus":0.004813506608953391,"score_gpt":0.224756433699319,"score_spread":0.21994292709036561,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4414277469","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.015319996,0.00010480759,0.9481978,0.0002321914,0.00020711812,0.0003401031,0.000003875403,0.00082019623,0.034773935],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.91562784,0.00001671811,0.07753208,0.00028082507,0.00012467851,0.0000075679045,0.000006796891,0.000036403904,0.0063671083],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995615,0.0000031392287,0.00011602846,0.00011646097,0.000037927133,0.00016494343],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99967444,0.00007028054,0.0000070859396,0.00019032836,0.000029990993,0.000027896238],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000041066633,0.00008630596,0.000089448695,0.00007063069,0.00006800983,0.00002767162,0.000060886192,0.000036918867,0.000011728097],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000016993152,0.00008699154,0.000050514573,0.0001879916,0.000013766669,0.000027459952,0.000010613274,0.000060968556,0.000025263442],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000037871266,0.0000053775434,0.000037775484,0.00014975847,0.000060282477,7.3435433e-7,0.00006956502,0.0042135785,0.032701414,0.0020517248,0.0109091485,0.94979686],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002963478,0.0000052728906,0.00014992733,0.000034476525,0.000034918543,0.000003992217,0.00010427611,0.5597496,0.07281785,0.003604369,0.36297503,0.00022390335],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000022201933,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000034055654,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.949573,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000391617,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009946461,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3547412},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4414465065","doi":"10.1109/acdsa65407.2025.11165984","title":"Motion Compensated Compression for Event-Based Cameras","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Lethbridge","funders":"","keywords":"Lossless compression; Optical flow; Data compression; Compression (physics); Pixel; Coding (social sciences); Motion (physics); Image compression","score_opus":0.006127497485806083,"score_gpt":0.24296795222486553,"score_spread":0.23684045473905946,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4414465065","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.22039385,0.000099537465,0.76782537,0.00048874284,0.0006478454,0.00028258355,0.000009048916,0.0008574065,0.009395625],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9971439,0.000001288924,0.0015629989,0.00019924689,0.00001610933,0.000010626211,0.000028419978,0.000009519819,0.0010278858],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99967945,0.0000065630106,0.00009439588,0.00007612426,0.000038908354,0.00010458723],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99981225,0.000040324136,0.0000064256815,0.00009653738,0.00002606313,0.000018402792],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00003169912,0.00006660579,0.00007793884,0.000053480187,0.000039270693,0.000016194404,0.000044421384,0.000027211587,0.00004962812],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000007710369,0.00006122834,0.000036367248,0.000089180365,0.000008986221,0.000025949399,0.00000470065,0.000041568932,0.000012729758],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000407152,0.0000885102,0.0019865253,0.0003441675,0.0000666862,0.0000017524955,0.00006577915,0.66761,0.17990609,0.0040879576,0.09687153,0.048930276],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005309987,0.000005749463,0.0016976905,0.000046432462,0.00000942429,1.8068437e-7,0.000020793588,0.8983762,0.08457814,0.000116576666,0.014540676,0.0000770886],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000015485184,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000075625762,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.77675,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000025834672,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000062417384,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.24968193},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4414500281","doi":"10.1109/iccsn66511.2025.11172595","title":"Real-time Spectrum Analysis with Convolutional Neural Network on Embedded/Edge Hardware Platforms","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Artificial Intelligence in Medicine (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Software; Convolutional neural network; Throughput; Frame (networking); Wireless; Artificial neural network; Image processing; Signal processing","score_opus":0.004410312622575096,"score_gpt":0.20029445898651094,"score_spread":0.19588414636393583,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4414500281","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8180086,0.00006642267,0.004479064,0.00027602288,0.00029633124,0.00014115172,0.000016938566,0.0010726427,0.1756428],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9875515,0.00001675582,0.0009175177,0.00015343589,0.000146102,0.000006356257,0.00005495664,0.00002173413,0.011131637],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99912226,0.0000055495575,0.00016546111,0.00021270325,0.00015426269,0.0003397437],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99957234,0.000054304186,0.000016727796,0.0002729334,0.00002151503,0.00006219191],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000056713678,0.00018293632,0.00024962876,0.0001749582,0.000083937884,0.000048039554,0.00011684788,0.00004896938,0.0005910909],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000003987871,0.00014053014,0.00011359419,0.0009150827,0.000037757367,0.00008189803,0.000019027313,0.00015368061,0.00012627372],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000042357547,0.000017763075,0.009284571,0.000016565391,0.000799666,0.000016002807,0.00005938846,0.9537349,0.00014225525,0.0075317156,0.028027272,0.0003275532],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004992007,0.00004759648,0.04676927,0.000040500647,0.00034017322,0.0000056645304,0.00008729655,0.9487375,0.00060121994,0.0005903565,0.0019325236,0.0003486962],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000047402762,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007832847,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.16954288,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007825459,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000018614463,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6472031},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4414538951","doi":"10.1109/icc52391.2025.11161738","title":"Hardware Partitioning for Vision Analytics-based Systems: Performance and Trade-offs","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Workflow; Cloud computing; Latency (audio); Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution; Edge computing; Edge device; Artificial neural network; Analytics; Wireless; Resource (disambiguation)","score_opus":0.00832269013602908,"score_gpt":0.23052754698073225,"score_spread":0.22220485684470317,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4414538951","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.74726105,0.0013965052,0.2306563,0.0010632164,0.0009307268,0.0005665309,0.000027167154,0.0010854596,0.017013041],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982846,0.000020306565,0.0006248245,0.0000939171,0.000027889915,0.000016944301,0.0000087851795,0.0000100750785,0.00091265485],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996134,0.0000040572613,0.00011617112,0.000095806405,0.000044589866,0.0001259939],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998161,0.000045203702,0.000007916817,0.00009077675,0.000013891653,0.000026098263],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006189752,0.00007523062,0.00009861371,0.00006606762,0.000072764255,0.00006442448,0.000034116347,0.000028613385,0.0000060748785],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000085923675,0.000070156886,0.000025027457,0.000094904666,0.00001453104,0.00007166871,0.000004592609,0.000044241362,0.0000024906133],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000049570204,0.000053814987,0.025562234,0.004933538,0.00017069765,0.000003904682,0.00028602997,0.8396831,0.0057796943,0.0039493884,0.081331,0.038196992],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002979511,0.000017105813,0.0036381045,0.00018113045,0.000020152904,8.038407e-7,0.00007356806,0.9541993,0.0039217276,0.000014698489,0.03754677,0.000088658395],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000413743,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000023670466,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.25102353,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000024741057,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010200796,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.28609148},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4414764101","doi":"10.1016/j.stemcr.2026.102895","title":"<i>MECP2</i> Mutations Rewire Human ESC Fate and Bias Cortical Lineage Commitment","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Stem Cell Reports","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine","funders":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Stem Cell Network; Fondation Brain Canada","keywords":"Rett syndrome; Regulator; Progenitor; Embryonic stem cell; Chromatin; Transcriptome; Cell fate determination; Progenitor cell; Neural stem cell; Directed differentiation","score_opus":0.0142676517946057,"score_gpt":0.23677058073678928,"score_spread":0.22250292894218357,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4414764101","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9284924,0.00058732147,0.0005072235,0.000077364195,0.00052168046,0.000198508,0.0000040670084,0.0003579026,0.06925348],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99181104,0.000025464162,0.00016251586,0.000075701406,0.00003407714,0.000013807526,0.00001699642,0.00002145163,0.007838969],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.999083,0.000021901125,0.00037515335,0.00020886405,0.00011539381,0.00019568727],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994919,0.000052601055,0.000046033554,0.0003058462,0.000029368766,0.0000742933],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001367004,0.00013931749,0.00017490564,0.000068605426,0.00013963076,0.00006197263,0.00003999068,0.000052255327,0.000028256956],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000008028548,0.00013890791,0.00004764276,0.00013406992,0.000049545717,0.000047737103,0.000035362962,0.00016283704,0.000008129831],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004720839,0.0012515323,0.2507691,0.005421798,0.0012271205,0.019690115,0.011869142,0.04002983,0.39609203,0.009548953,0.16019505,0.10385811],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0022714625,0.00019328634,0.05706808,0.00095055305,0.0007673869,0.0009521345,0.003214906,0.03333193,0.44646266,0.00210251,0.45042747,0.0022576428],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002048421,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000016079568,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2902324,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000040568946,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016377588,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.56645},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4414853542","doi":"10.3390/electronics14193942","title":"A Novel Convolutional Vision Transformer Network for Effective Level-of-Detail Awareness in Digital Twins","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Electronics","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Nexen (Canada)","funders":"Institute for Information and Communications Technology Promotion; Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea; Iran Telecommunication Research Center","keywords":"Inference; Transformer; Benchmark (surveying); Convolutional neural network; Synchronization (alternating current); Scheduling (production processes); Key (lock)","score_opus":0.011668140293828263,"score_gpt":0.2538091818703305,"score_spread":0.24214104157650226,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4414853542","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.47240737,0.0047398163,0.5195956,0.00011262636,0.0004147979,0.00065110624,0.00018189312,0.0001372883,0.0017594842],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990709,0.00005545735,0.0004886826,0.000024265008,0.00004601515,0.000045500776,0.000041956875,0.000018972782,0.000208285],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992791,0.0000040901045,0.00017631457,0.00012932254,0.00007571957,0.00033547424],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99969715,0.0001448442,0.000014095511,0.000083691724,0.00004135961,0.000018832045],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000090148445,0.00011731292,0.00017789837,0.00007316113,0.000035476613,0.000018043529,0.00008008299,0.00006151598,0.0000032513328],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002181853,0.00012320682,0.00007888243,0.00028648257,0.000026593603,0.00011038295,0.000005701516,0.0001478058,0.0000016433032],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00048800872,0.0004605588,0.01224214,0.0008286747,0.000540667,0.0000026865175,0.0007713061,0.5796134,0.056100808,0.06124784,0.0072255447,0.2804784],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.008370268,0.0005591022,0.051962603,0.00076739705,0.00013285357,0.000016480157,0.000107325264,0.54027766,0.058786713,0.021136645,0.31674153,0.0011414465],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000050203093,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00024136304,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5266635,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001729461,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010364437,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.50242287},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4414962579","doi":"10.22541/au.175993047.79126058/v1","title":"MEG Based Precision-Gain Index (PGI) Reveals Dual-task Costs in Vision and Audition","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"China Scholarship Council","keywords":"Perception; Sensory system; Magnetoencephalography; Index (typography); Pattern recognition (psychology); Measure (data warehouse)","score_opus":0.006149306980958226,"score_gpt":0.24596035795720092,"score_spread":0.2398110509762427,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4414962579","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8237269,0.0018477772,0.086908504,0.0017800397,0.0029746997,0.0022548845,0.00046033,0.0019319938,0.078114875],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99622875,0.00024438757,0.0018571247,0.00021207848,0.0000764587,0.000046960104,0.00014059045,0.000035309622,0.0011583434],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984699,0.00008435091,0.00044638882,0.00048312033,0.00025060598,0.00026562932],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99905354,0.0002841747,0.000055373595,0.00047191748,0.00005186497,0.00008312196],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003956495,0.00034304083,0.00042311917,0.00045360645,0.000036291105,0.00011071265,0.00013870797,0.00035098082,0.00011365049],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013267822,0.00033452333,0.00007847615,0.00021754144,0.000030169129,0.00008554654,0.00022955358,0.000654843,0.000017879009],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010208431,0.0002371923,0.012919679,0.002891364,0.00015851905,0.00013924476,0.0007314318,0.6280449,0.008390423,0.00067181274,0.11883431,0.22687905],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012474693,0.00002678461,0.05075556,0.0039703976,0.00004272001,0.000006040794,0.0000779761,0.93247783,0.002178102,0.0041097603,0.004214474,0.0008928682],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00016872647,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00011966906,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.30443296,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00025622454,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000049704355,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99991065},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4414987054","doi":"10.1038/s41598-025-19057-9","title":"Training-free AI for earth observation change detection using physics aware neuromorphic networks","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scientific Reports","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Trillium Therapeutics (Canada)","funders":"Australian Government","keywords":"Bottleneck; Neuromorphic engineering; Process (computing); Change detection; Artificial neural network; Earth observation; Satellite; Spiking neural network; Task (project management)","score_opus":0.08716392501347038,"score_gpt":0.2612032988790906,"score_spread":0.17403937386562024,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4414987054","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6658781,0.0000819296,0.31459334,0.00011353066,0.018252354,0.00048266142,0.0000048140523,0.0004426525,0.00015060035],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986487,0.0000018357138,0.00045150984,0.000086860244,0.00031167816,0.000035222914,0.000043452383,0.000025239427,0.00039552205],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99898225,0.000011820213,0.00025595276,0.00034683943,0.00013553807,0.00026761254],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99930084,0.000021913827,0.00006740885,0.00045526036,0.00011524896,0.000039311602],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003324024,0.00012435076,0.00013447832,0.00009779052,0.0002707549,0.00021419629,0.00007615547,0.00005585803,0.0000050148988],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000060951465,0.0001382637,0.0000785013,0.00069670693,0.000052410396,0.0002590499,0.00002546912,0.000117733354,8.2259487e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000019612278,0.0000778551,0.005461707,0.0005155243,0.000114299495,0.0001191272,0.00229304,0.50585085,0.11197544,0.00022694074,0.0071028,0.3662428],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00011780639,0.00000766895,0.0016608305,0.000064759304,0.000031803516,0.000028865852,0.000040831237,0.9678283,0.009992369,0.0042225607,0.015850633,0.00015358948],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001525435,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000042611486,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.46197742,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003854479,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000031888296,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.563823},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4415377927","doi":"10.1093/mnras/staf1820","title":"Neural posterior estimation for white dwarf spectroscopic characterization","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal; Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Office of Science; European Space Agency; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation","keywords":"Posterior probability; Calibration; White dwarf; Markov chain Monte Carlo; Inference; Estimation theory; Gaussian; Artificial neural network; Statistical inference","score_opus":0.004444709286599701,"score_gpt":0.20113364737196696,"score_spread":0.19668893808536725,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4415377927","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9954202,0.000026935759,0.0028567163,0.0007000353,0.0005088933,0.00024645182,0.00004006827,0.000076683726,0.00012400787],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.995113,5.4579722e-8,0.00437052,0.00004543681,0.00006807252,0.00001423068,0.000030101686,0.000013380782,0.0003452036],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99943066,0.000011452693,0.0002061143,0.00011983077,0.000057881327,0.00017403526],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997086,0.000035667337,0.000053919175,0.00015866925,0.00002014432,0.000022991691],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000054367087,0.0001125939,0.00015362339,0.000011448891,0.00007085745,0.000040183433,0.00017846626,0.000049496495,0.000012130209],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000013203687,0.00009344864,0.00019204311,0.000060692622,0.00004077456,0.00007545252,0.00004502861,0.00009342059,0.0000022120078],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016896942,0.000015639409,0.005640462,0.00008276776,0.00004157571,6.671052e-9,0.00013770002,0.9871086,0.0026619625,0.00001138163,0.00024256324,0.004040441],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00021166228,0.000010296013,0.21928723,0.000026976038,0.000035566714,2.0275095e-9,0.000024813624,0.776143,0.003936017,0.0000065437985,0.00025907284,0.000058817175],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008128401,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000033797694,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.21364677,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007543365,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010928416,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.38107246},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4417196025","doi":"10.54254/2755-2721/2025.ld30577","title":"Robotics Vision Sensor Technology and Its Current State of Development","year":2025,"lang":"","type":"article","venue":"Applied and Computational Engineering","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Robotics; Machine vision; State (computer science); Sensor fusion; Ranging; Artificial vision; Robot","score_opus":0.004359580986156217,"score_gpt":0.21218398806299757,"score_spread":0.20782440707684136,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4417196025","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6344736,0.012113101,0.35186,0.00023052262,0.00048435005,0.00033624037,0.00001351725,0.00021975138,0.00026892556],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97674,0.0003334055,0.02281131,0.000010531046,0.00002122542,0.000010031158,0.000009983757,0.000026515881,0.000036974998],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988118,0.0000042238416,0.00046291787,0.00029235755,0.00015951425,0.00026919993],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99959695,0.0001140705,0.00005400343,0.000086182576,0.00007880846,0.00006999937],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008770006,0.00027797915,0.0003299834,0.0005906056,0.00008052829,0.000040332878,0.00007974944,0.00006652247,0.0000018041301],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000012659054,0.00032730371,0.000024296844,0.0005465136,0.000046016154,0.000049519447,0.00012948991,0.00026479058,0.0000036922688],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006916365,0.000026529047,0.000040552197,0.0007921578,0.00008722329,0.0000014364109,0.00020376769,0.77616817,0.0034278873,0.03531066,0.000007708147,0.18392697],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006140364,0.000015584736,0.0061860927,0.0005010524,0.00004079874,0.000008604845,0.000034409608,0.98258775,0.0049106423,0.0026544665,0.0021121714,0.0003343998],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":3.2384966e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.6251785e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3422664,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000049602826,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006494835,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999179},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6893067673","doi":"10.5281/zenodo.14244921","title":"Figure 3 in Osteology of the two-fingered oviraptorid Oksoko avarsan (Theropoda: Oviraptorosauria)","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Royal Ontario Museum","funders":"","keywords":"Holotype; Osteology; Paratype; Endomysium","score_opus":0.015034488263039545,"score_gpt":0.21903648716123175,"score_spread":0.2040019988981922,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6893067673","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0024113804,0.0013992914,0.00009298796,0.00023729062,0.0010224127,0.00048678508,0.00042637897,0.001750485,0.992173],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.39255768,0.0007182925,0.00027569768,0.0001712203,0.0015374249,2.890054e-7,0.0012474124,0.033316225,0.57017577],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984955,0.00019302292,0.00029508676,0.00037157346,0.00029080725,0.00035398727],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991,0.000013936264,0.00008846106,0.0006578042,0.00007203905,0.00006775284],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025022763,0.00025371547,0.00028880953,0.00040929715,0.0001591987,0.00016311384,0.0009859621,0.00016585688,0.019437976],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012664021,0.00023055128,0.00010084679,0.00062423956,0.00020368809,0.000048274687,0.00054546696,0.00059567794,0.007373781],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012900424,0.00003457948,0.0000040520354,0.00036724115,0.000097287615,0.000016962033,0.00076062634,0.00018809676,0.005151405,0.0010350056,0.9824869,0.009844919],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003424356,0.000041814157,0.000048609887,0.0002943091,0.000026208012,0.000025714126,0.0000848043,0.00036625346,0.00046446276,0.00011210202,0.9979713,0.00022198899],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007506859,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005702962,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.42199722,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013638465,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000040904715,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9933991},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6902353940","doi":"10.60928/ho02-1m86","title":"A novel architecture for the implementation of a family of high speed, multi-line CMOS image sensors","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IISS online library","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalsa Corporation","funders":"","keywords":"Image sensor; Pixel; Line (geometry); Architecture; Image (mathematics); Image processing","score_opus":0.017581246806476155,"score_gpt":0.2853177867905546,"score_spread":0.2677365399840784,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6902353940","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9648786,0.0014505554,0.027149929,0.002045571,0.0003991062,0.00047067762,0.0031704272,0.00038133445,0.00005376173],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9273708,0.00010082685,0.07138671,0.00011889004,0.0003277277,0.00000945097,0.0003240026,0.00009141466,0.00027017438],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992312,0.000009253368,0.00032082852,0.00015045008,0.0001151458,0.00017308425],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995198,0.00018428687,0.000037105845,0.00020591237,0.000020262434,0.000032622112],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000045079792,0.0001542367,0.00019390612,0.00011088096,0.000020702375,0.000030979743,0.00015925497,0.000040801504,0.00004668426],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009227685,0.00011337177,0.0001271205,0.00024999757,0.000051947223,0.00019367882,0.000038300244,0.00014760652,0.0000021996493],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008673898,0.00019802706,0.0002845647,0.0017949853,0.00046790327,0.000016420681,0.0024547814,0.051726904,0.8428332,0.0009449244,0.008666861,0.09052464],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0026007069,0.00017692236,0.014829894,0.00039544722,0.0002036413,0.00004019619,0.002864144,0.62372077,0.33166522,0.0008391293,0.022146214,0.0005177176],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007455443,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000012844484,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5719938,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000006452731,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000031011972,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.46231666},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6902595590","doi":"10.60928/sdfy-ehx5","title":"A 23 x 25.9cm2 RGB color CMOS Imager System for Digital Photography","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IISS online library","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalsa Corporation","funders":"","keywords":"RGB color model; CMOS; Image sensor; Digital photography; Photography; CMOS sensor; Color image","score_opus":0.005116360588182795,"score_gpt":0.20122895606238342,"score_spread":0.19611259547420062,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6902595590","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9481461,0.0075117336,0.0020604625,0.0016039548,0.0033091754,0.0010632784,0.005148222,0.011529539,0.019627534],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9907804,0.000037780945,0.0038344413,0.00014593717,0.00089075346,0.00006990356,0.0007299218,0.00019128434,0.0033195645],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989832,0.0000073747165,0.00026348597,0.0002778074,0.00012437787,0.00034373207],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99949956,0.00011302555,0.000014987654,0.00024315943,0.0000126649575,0.000116582545],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000026630772,0.00023697026,0.00023089573,0.00019917906,0.00004416159,0.00047661318,0.00020128979,0.000079971,0.00004853648],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000007599818,0.00021882847,0.0002321763,0.00041242942,0.000039454684,0.0010140109,0.00004706255,0.00018227976,0.00012083032],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00022395285,0.00055162574,0.0049669566,0.013996981,0.0015779476,0.0014180273,0.0016712782,0.0031502275,0.03767165,0.00794715,0.83920383,0.08762039],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00074869336,0.00010736775,0.0006510349,0.000942821,0.00007656793,0.00011307334,0.0006057801,0.2295254,0.015463105,0.0005234257,0.7504008,0.00084197934],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000016260553,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.1109112e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.22637516,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000018392924,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003061405,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.89235663},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6902625504","doi":"10.60928/55di-gxxr","title":"Charge-Coupled CMOS TDI Imager","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IISS online library","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalsa Corporation","funders":"","keywords":"CMOS; Pixel; Responsivity; Time delay and integration; Image sensor; Electronic circuit; Integrated circuit","score_opus":0.005248216292448221,"score_gpt":0.20521103553297748,"score_spread":0.19996281924052925,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6902625504","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9451657,0.012492361,0.00034930508,0.005641032,0.002701488,0.00021322847,0.00028316904,0.008884993,0.024268726],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96105903,0.0006064742,0.005959899,0.0010213915,0.0024072998,0.00001571631,0.00049162464,0.0003063524,0.02813223],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99920696,0.000008422173,0.00018523217,0.00020882006,0.000114724644,0.00027581723],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99961555,0.000043210566,0.000007041795,0.00023546336,0.000005252944,0.000093499904],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00002440186,0.0001833588,0.00015478648,0.00011584832,0.000027230151,0.00016513291,0.00016812916,0.00006056496,0.0014836646],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000060458583,0.00017005169,0.00009419587,0.00029899622,0.000026071624,0.0007030057,0.00004459708,0.0002704768,0.0008127652],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003011648,0.00024318961,0.0027811762,0.0014273099,0.00041465787,0.0016054838,0.0012730573,0.0025111442,0.12528388,0.0043239356,0.7725087,0.08759734],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00024029656,0.000018615225,0.0017278482,0.00021400729,0.000025232097,0.00005242255,0.000043600285,0.5031774,0.016205493,0.0008205908,0.47697762,0.00049688097],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000028029435,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.0846405e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.50066626,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000010123716,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000023805682,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999652},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6902709097","doi":"10.60928/zvq3-hw83","title":"Recent developments on large-area CCDs for professional applications","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IISS online library","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalsa Corporation","funders":"","keywords":"Photogrammetry; Photography; Aerial photography; Imaging technology","score_opus":0.014549587605864127,"score_gpt":0.27028370175491606,"score_spread":0.25573411414905195,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6902709097","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.67981035,0.035908032,0.04292939,0.07239561,0.018622635,0.008475783,0.013065385,0.02956585,0.09922699],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.81916344,0.0032182096,0.08534738,0.005883904,0.0036434901,0.0017929676,0.012684053,0.00071029627,0.06755628],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993666,0.0000057107595,0.00015372803,0.00017626313,0.00009543895,0.0002022909],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997204,0.00006499425,0.000007868778,0.00013415852,0.0000094770185,0.00006311196],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000026561605,0.00012210241,0.00009003498,0.00008663811,0.00005764127,0.000050394927,0.000119302385,0.00005141211,0.00017117076],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000049184196,0.000108037566,0.000041471558,0.00021332834,0.00000857525,0.00019948564,0.000032036725,0.00014869733,0.00008191783],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000029012928,0.00038927328,0.0008916834,0.00047762264,0.00012851949,0.000017031534,0.0003273935,0.0007069425,0.00075115653,0.009942368,0.46466005,0.521679],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00015416321,0.00000975367,0.0014113681,0.00013658276,0.0000054897687,0.0000025932477,0.00003550424,0.015569995,0.0012270038,0.0010439643,0.98025835,0.00014522344],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":8.738348e-8,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.1089035e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5215337,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000019077677,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005710056,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4405644},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6908463364","doi":"10.26181/21980069.v1","title":"Paramedic transition into an academic role in universities: A demographic and qualification survey of paramedic academics in Australia and New Zealand","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"La Trobe University","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Normative; Survey instrument; Demographic profile; Professional development; Demographics; Postgraduate research; The Internet; Distance education","score_opus":0.02050322805290293,"score_gpt":0.2404604550044815,"score_spread":0.21995722695157854,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6908463364","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9989269,0.000091495735,0.0006630793,0.00015739587,0.00001858658,0.00006647195,0.000020197025,0.000037508715,0.000018409866],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989138,0.00083929894,0.00011652227,0.000007484277,0.0000072906405,1.0700844e-7,0.000012418729,0.0000065027216,0.00009654004],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99935925,0.00013965536,0.00012534554,0.00015476845,0.00007879663,0.00014220887],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99962497,0.00014892848,0.00003070186,0.000081354396,0.000012139091,0.000101931466],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00027962797,0.00009431276,0.00015419672,0.00026465207,0.00001756924,0.0000038415874,0.000086297056,0.00018956736,0.0000055994983],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000013398682,0.00009608884,0.000013137056,0.00029433015,0.00014325962,0.0002880643,0.000011802031,0.00023608326,5.0877185e-7],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00022552522,0.000035319812,0.9523847,0.00009217525,0.000032284148,0.000022584576,0.021064077,0.0011007527,0.013626589,0.00096075237,0.00018588359,0.010269372],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0017913498,0.000035337318,0.989248,0.00016659663,0.000021819247,0.0000064612536,0.003394301,0.0036901587,0.00017225325,0.00076216186,0.0005348207,0.0001767562],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0074301106,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002533146,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.036863297,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008576845,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000026408869,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9991795},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6924815554","doi":"10.15468/dl.t2qp3t","title":"Occurrence Download","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"dataset","venue":"Global Biodiversity Information Facility","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Download; Matching (statistics); Range (aeronautics); Set (abstract data type); Data modeling","score_opus":0.011428818702017386,"score_gpt":0.19911722810180812,"score_spread":0.18768840939979073,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6924815554","genre_codex":"dataset","genre_gemma":"dataset","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"dataset","genre_consensus":"dataset","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00033403852,0.000016033839,0.000003966512,0.00001807287,0.0012080027,0.00014123166,0.9972975,0.0007478712,0.00023325991],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.000009083946,0.00013075677,8.036618e-7,0.00008730704,0.0000015897937,0.0000020717046,0.9997682,2.6982924e-8,1.488336e-7],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990423,0.000015121202,0.00027150032,0.00012805055,0.0002676983,0.00027534802],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993691,0.00001066564,0.00006393876,0.0003631476,0.000082574756,0.00011059372],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000102595135,0.0002496378,0.0002075057,0.000091342205,0.00010935751,0.00008698163,0.00035123088,0.00023090505,0.00037082247],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000046131336,0.000279904,0.00011143141,0.00034838263,0.00008034312,0.0005131788,0.00012649396,0.00026098674,0.6006877],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006106833,0.000006025599,0.00011981051,0.00021669046,0.00003214866,0.0000031114296,0.00004036646,0.00017455743,3.3589973e-8,2.7634108e-8,0.9983567,0.001044451],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00013747522,0.0000071788763,0.000091607246,0.0000032162484,0.0000320786,0.0000029501753,0.000080417005,0.000002402915,0.000003369244,7.052584e-7,0.99935955,0.00027906348],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00038957226,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000015834756,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6003168,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020873403,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003066425,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999653},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6929323040","doi":"10.48550/arxiv.2409.16449","title":"Beyond CCDs: Characterization of sCMOS detectors for optical astronomy","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"arXiv (Cornell University)","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Detector; Pixel; Noise (video); Context (archaeology); Large format; Characterization (materials science); Dark current; Dynamic range","score_opus":0.024510823788432997,"score_gpt":0.15836872118906706,"score_spread":0.13385789740063406,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6929323040","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9043398,0.00003120276,0.092738435,0.000014111834,0.0008051983,0.0002935384,0.000133531,0.00028120523,0.0013629757],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984251,0.000029629535,0.0007482819,0.0000057996363,0.00014530295,0.0000021658689,0.000098559205,0.000054011325,0.0004911],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99916476,0.000009816827,0.00017836256,0.00038261118,0.000040784842,0.00022367865],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99944377,0.000040471907,0.000053571,0.00032075468,0.00006334122,0.00007809532],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006394646,0.00023291356,0.00027541362,0.00020048124,0.000027872811,0.000033425687,0.00023591782,0.00018483172,0.000029848326],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000010542713,0.0002874159,0.00020025366,0.00019029496,0.00006461801,0.000065975546,0.00021201244,0.0003334576,0.000028993321],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015190218,0.00015086215,0.0020551197,0.00463809,0.0011966855,0.00010837737,0.0006802719,0.799572,0.09578275,0.08018886,0.00050269975,0.0149724055],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009587327,0.00009435486,0.002193347,0.0005936661,0.0008136026,0.0000047093185,0.00019484799,0.9144033,0.058449935,0.015917394,0.0051722904,0.0012037889],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005649439,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003507352,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.11483136,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012056731,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000047350255,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999578},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6929386339","doi":"10.48550/arxiv.0706.3481","title":"Astronomical Image Processing with Array Detectors","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"arXiv (Cornell University)","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Normalization (sociology); Pixel; Interpolation (computer graphics); Image processing; Nyquist–Shannon sampling theorem; Detector; Data processing; Image scaling; Kernel (algebra)","score_opus":0.02401040064010352,"score_gpt":0.1549343392056421,"score_spread":0.13092393856553858,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6929386339","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.80463326,0.000052867024,0.18844491,0.000006373481,0.00018679435,0.00012788661,0.000008966294,0.00058523414,0.005953734],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.996884,0.000015513531,0.0025036864,0.000009714291,0.00013803518,4.0383821e-7,0.0000135454875,0.00007541398,0.00035967372],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99880564,0.000018342314,0.00014723257,0.0005377638,0.00006216906,0.0004288531],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99925953,0.000026819162,0.00006722773,0.00042321248,0.000060617476,0.00016259347],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008822517,0.00035976578,0.00029455955,0.00021558728,0.00007540306,0.00008229802,0.00036076564,0.00020110313,0.00004803739],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000059562462,0.0003938613,0.00011395372,0.00025208647,0.00014998835,0.00016551267,0.00011215223,0.0007764269,0.000065742235],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008649438,0.000045497753,0.009520469,0.00035299917,0.00016438424,0.00028683426,0.00025456172,0.98415154,0.0024584632,0.00022934932,0.00017532775,0.00227408],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0021686791,0.00011610745,0.014696674,0.0009859916,0.00062355615,0.00003884714,0.0010679326,0.94561625,0.026231874,0.0013995628,0.0037230293,0.0033315213],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000029509845,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000033218006,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.19225077,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00027606759,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006736958,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99985135},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6929765342","doi":"10.5061/dryad.3ps4r","title":"Data from: Flight loss linked to faster molecular evolution in insects","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"dataset","venue":"Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS)","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Insect flight; Ectotherm; Biological dispersal; Population; Molecular evolution; Mitochondrial DNA; Range (aeronautics)","score_opus":0.016389643583091813,"score_gpt":0.23318152201831904,"score_spread":0.21679187843522724,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6929765342","genre_codex":"dataset","genre_gemma":"dataset","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"dataset","genre_consensus":"dataset","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0908884,0.0014240356,0.0009369755,0.000058140646,0.00069584727,0.00037033524,0.90534985,0.00017876574,0.000097623604],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.022076448,0.00079068,0.0007572576,0.00031316542,0.00066460145,0.00002182341,0.97525954,0.00009016915,0.000026287951],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9969994,0.00015450873,0.0005501504,0.0012449535,0.00033719474,0.00071383873],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9950502,0.00018985709,0.00009746374,0.004377954,0.000019433282,0.00026509835],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00030519074,0.00062644226,0.0006143709,0.0002924318,0.00009918172,0.00030317839,0.0038122677,0.00024747747,0.00005585279],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001974803,0.0006207454,0.000034188077,0.00037738684,0.00005581112,0.0006110714,0.0030128248,0.00083949015,0.0003153124],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000029856134,0.000045229703,0.0004562027,0.0007751455,0.0001679346,0.0001768618,0.00046026096,0.007164787,0.00056987465,0.0000016507203,0.9882872,0.0018649774],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00039015146,0.000018968427,0.008213982,0.0016490306,0.00013811489,0.000019315594,0.000096050404,0.3354226,0.0000054113716,0.000076204764,0.65310496,0.0008652367],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006548303,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.013304346,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.33518228,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000062283485,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000028756922,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996244},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6931569693","doi":"10.5281/zenodo.6109834","title":"Pseudofeltria Soar 1893","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Seta; Integument; Hook; Dorsum; Bristle; Spermatophore","score_opus":0.0409007060038985,"score_gpt":0.22669598601062796,"score_spread":0.18579528000672946,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6931569693","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.14930747,0.00039145665,0.008302656,0.00081288844,0.0007797404,0.00044694892,0.00014339354,0.007726318,0.8320891],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9959356,0.000039636423,0.00038950183,0.00008354254,0.00026449573,1.3676731e-8,0.00034364598,0.0016218226,0.0013217464],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99902403,0.00008197784,0.00015365987,0.0001916892,0.00025070805,0.0002979204],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99921024,0.000008593513,0.000021457461,0.00031205907,0.00023145654,0.0002161689],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00033688272,0.00011344761,0.00010424777,0.00013215223,0.00046312815,0.00040003334,0.000492734,0.000041565247,0.0028454743],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002466034,0.00012400292,0.000034073197,0.0003479924,0.00006896,0.00018260368,0.00025634753,0.0001950109,0.015435499],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000020497155,0.0000419194,0.0000042620177,0.000039517043,0.000037715206,0.000020751473,0.0015805762,0.00210234,0.0046062474,0.0024411033,0.9104834,0.07862165],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00041503622,0.000050072267,0.000080670114,0.0000115580115,0.000007284699,0.00008935596,0.00028773292,0.004565593,0.0009910837,0.00021864474,0.99312615,0.00015684208],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005818975,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":9.875528e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8466281,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012411199,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000018539472,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99806607},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6940245085","doi":"10.60928/fj0r-o3zl","title":"CMOS Image Sensor Architecture for Primal-Dual Coding","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IISS online library","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Pixel; Image sensor; CMOS; Coding (social sciences); CMOS sensor; Dot pitch; Amplifier","score_opus":0.00753933897820876,"score_gpt":0.23079339891828782,"score_spread":0.22325405994007905,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6940245085","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8996756,0.0073115593,0.032233853,0.017161611,0.005449127,0.0013088722,0.0039182007,0.015358065,0.017583089],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.72270805,0.0002835574,0.25160533,0.0014696697,0.0061680493,0.00006575823,0.0015828043,0.0007036784,0.015413129],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990961,0.000011450073,0.00020333419,0.00025678345,0.00010340268,0.00032892142],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995418,0.00014561818,0.000010696033,0.00020183212,0.0000083335735,0.0000916931],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00003195375,0.0002145939,0.00018378966,0.00012717876,0.00004608993,0.00020007083,0.0001282157,0.00007339169,0.00013391276],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000016443082,0.00019710592,0.00013100985,0.00020948163,0.000036099515,0.00041385053,0.000043564793,0.00029286178,0.00004704985],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012604056,0.00021035886,0.0005303653,0.004915037,0.00055534847,0.00097267376,0.0027917295,0.014011362,0.27082923,0.005950349,0.4862156,0.2128919],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00051082135,0.000060668077,0.0004883244,0.0004004508,0.000054212596,0.00016396197,0.0001803941,0.20248254,0.040305726,0.0024637375,0.7522016,0.00068755413],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000010254923,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.6180337e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.26598603,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000013229575,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000028645614,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.80377465},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6940409894","doi":"10.7907/ceg6-ar39","title":"Incomplete Charge Transfer in Overlapping Gates Charge Coupled Devices","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"CaltechTHESIS (California Institute of Technology)","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Charge (physics); Waveform; Interrupter; Limit (mathematics); Transfer (computing)","score_opus":0.011874681149020195,"score_gpt":0.21510740393940145,"score_spread":0.20323272279038126,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6940409894","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9926739,0.0006183016,0.0019657486,0.00067689636,0.00040999203,0.00032260214,0.00008341114,0.0012217367,0.0020274206],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9975086,0.00018331563,0.0019612128,0.00009445413,0.00010244466,0.0000534693,0.000012431569,0.000059366877,0.00002473495],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99822104,0.000011026831,0.00060990144,0.00037149014,0.00019909712,0.0005874726],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992399,0.000026885182,0.000053336556,0.0005151458,0.00008850023,0.00007621772],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022370662,0.00034790632,0.0005774589,0.0008573454,0.00010274393,0.000021465285,0.0005493847,0.00034826933,0.00019594606],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010282263,0.00034671812,0.00011605372,0.0012696957,0.0006106115,0.00020431391,0.00006483834,0.0003842177,0.00045568502],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014141212,0.0003082896,0.03309673,0.0011337425,0.00036327078,0.00011172871,0.00040537017,0.00041658527,0.88675565,0.02819619,0.0010248418,0.0480462],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0017439332,0.0001377579,0.0027591065,0.00087273004,0.00008393954,0.00005562567,0.00011437122,0.057774574,0.6253029,0.0013014333,0.3087448,0.0011088485],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000039262304,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001197894,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.30771995,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011335801,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000033386357,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998985},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6958691889","doi":"10.60928/8ij2-myic","title":"Flexible binning structure for CCD color imagers","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IISS online library","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalsa Corporation","funders":"","keywords":"Image quality; Resolution (logic); Image (mathematics); Image resolution; Scope (computer science); Charge-coupled device; Digital camera","score_opus":0.006279475438757079,"score_gpt":0.22897616805073842,"score_spread":0.22269669261198133,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6958691889","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96325594,0.008963519,0.0032971,0.004578591,0.0033816823,0.00049098424,0.001981812,0.008375473,0.005674918],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9520569,0.000094503135,0.037231293,0.00066237437,0.0016186174,0.000017356333,0.0007775451,0.00024467165,0.007296731],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992918,0.000005760807,0.00016163038,0.00019875976,0.000077479715,0.00026456438],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99967873,0.00007549222,0.000008829115,0.00015908822,0.0000069464354,0.00007089736],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000018104509,0.00016710407,0.00014809369,0.0001258213,0.000042104464,0.0001781473,0.00014678974,0.00006922905,0.00021538632],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000008472525,0.00015561172,0.00008673154,0.00027211255,0.000026749003,0.00057453965,0.00003117237,0.00019785226,0.000023218852],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000078408324,0.00007967535,0.0014751243,0.0026130585,0.00041840482,0.00026078042,0.0013096798,0.042366005,0.13985436,0.0065553584,0.66586757,0.13912159],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00034071045,0.000042426153,0.00058330037,0.00022382257,0.00003374864,0.000030165838,0.00014474681,0.29738855,0.05981721,0.0033744073,0.6375877,0.0004332001],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000001738433,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.1359005e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.25502253,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000134768325,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000031758078,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6345662},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6958735535","doi":"10.60928/66e0-680q","title":"Twinkling Behavior in Ultra-High-Resolution CMOS Global Shutter Pixels","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IISS online library","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalsa Corporation","funders":"","keywords":"CMOS; Pixel; Shallow trench isolation; Shutter; SIGNAL (programming language); Image sensor; Energy (signal processing); Rolling shutter","score_opus":0.007509808198376084,"score_gpt":0.23161904249509319,"score_spread":0.2241092342967171,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6958735535","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99115306,0.002294557,0.00030306538,0.0010167477,0.0011462556,0.0001521598,0.0002681925,0.0016721904,0.0019937886],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99580485,0.00008934051,0.0025021809,0.00027136304,0.00061328575,0.000014457282,0.00023136781,0.00006696253,0.00040619035],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989947,0.00001876535,0.00026778888,0.00025211275,0.00013528178,0.00033131827],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99967974,0.000032204607,0.000009713977,0.00019496385,0.00000461708,0.000078736375],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000033016786,0.00019618652,0.00016822868,0.00011967623,0.00002323765,0.00013934963,0.00016415374,0.00009978205,0.00017849369],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000055851187,0.00019924156,0.000077842335,0.00044046974,0.000027200813,0.0007418356,0.00003166409,0.00029602388,0.000110923975],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014797681,0.00142621,0.32546976,0.002174901,0.00038028593,0.005941323,0.0022851732,0.117893696,0.08480137,0.010931225,0.12475098,0.3237971],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002058739,0.00017498907,0.4623649,0.00197263,0.0001982835,0.00039324947,0.00042104462,0.33557215,0.025670612,0.005970003,0.16246574,0.0027376558],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000030146084,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000011651216,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.32105944,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000052316955,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000027792606,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.81248355},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6977758803","doi":"10.60928/ckcn-c95g","title":"An imager with five 20000 x 15 pixel TDI CCDs for photogrammetry applications","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IISS online library","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalsa Corporation","funders":"","keywords":"Photogrammetry; Pixel; Charge-coupled device; Calibration","score_opus":0.00425441539303931,"score_gpt":0.23264310425833165,"score_spread":0.22838868886529234,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6977758803","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.68069553,0.017963635,0.24451959,0.0062141116,0.0013611688,0.0036026232,0.009078199,0.019089632,0.017475497],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.85293883,0.00023161143,0.13043222,0.0010653518,0.002140647,0.00047319478,0.0039633675,0.0004574916,0.008297303],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99921745,0.000007621372,0.00015818195,0.00026411557,0.00009025238,0.000262396],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994756,0.000062817904,0.000011225162,0.00031761112,0.000013820488,0.00011893899],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000023529055,0.00018352519,0.00014613316,0.00013065714,0.000049590777,0.00018243842,0.00019163922,0.00005947505,0.00013464375],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000019429508,0.00016034448,0.00006800527,0.00040481947,0.000041543783,0.00062557834,0.000017827402,0.00018529904,0.00003756391],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016802491,0.0011254336,0.0025755954,0.0019701296,0.0007206353,0.00014936809,0.0017352308,0.01454939,0.04097709,0.0038935982,0.27423617,0.6578993],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00038187933,0.000102122816,0.00066600455,0.000111433175,0.000057988258,0.000035041845,0.00028201507,0.23635525,0.008348484,0.001089229,0.7520894,0.00048117506],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000120735285,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006342476,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.65741813,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000011116058,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000039262057,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6538658},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6991658480","doi":"","title":"Image Sensing Systems Announces 2016 Fourth Quarter and Full- Year Financial Results","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Quarter (Canadian coin); Image (mathematics); Window (computing); Key (lock)","score_opus":0.00606513773022467,"score_gpt":0.2003946551132254,"score_spread":0.19432951738300075,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6991658480","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00014560648,0.0012466252,0.00084647007,0.00004748703,0.0016196728,0.00015084026,0.00016302646,0.00061925215,0.995161],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0016864036,0.0004454907,0.0028867258,0.000014894256,0.0016608271,0.0000016549845,0.000030089048,0.00027734533,0.9929966],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992006,0.000014495436,0.00015258072,0.0002498289,0.00013051128,0.00025198786],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99943477,0.000019130859,0.00007453347,0.00039163808,0.000019264822,0.0000606471],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000089225134,0.00025712274,0.0003049001,0.00011073467,0.00005511143,0.000200577,0.00010377573,0.00018932461,0.000053049935],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000028254804,0.00021989793,0.00004356712,0.000023417138,0.00007050862,0.00006464317,0.000021445963,0.0001636405,0.00037761347],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000061491796,0.0000017552283,0.0000021807593,0.0001352344,0.000025634887,0.000028798282,0.00007097703,0.0000050308245,0.00021748194,0.000009763997,0.99862593,0.000871032],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003812447,0.000015502852,0.000034427976,0.0007213149,0.000022300608,0.000028606113,0.00006540063,0.0030226433,0.0000098583205,0.0000064131546,0.9953246,0.00036770274],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00038925084,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00026921692,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.003301377,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000018746978,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000020476316,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8967177},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7027349766","doi":"","title":"Critiques à gauche, critiques à droite. \\n L’antilibéralisme au Québec au XXe siècle. Les séminaires Fernand-Dumont. Sous la direction de Gilles Gagné, Nota Bene, 344 p.","year":2004,"lang":"fr","type":"article","venue":"Érudit (Université de Montréal)","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Subject (documents); Context (archaeology); Perspective (graphical); Relation (database); Meaning (existential)","score_opus":0.005286071856041045,"score_gpt":0.17930035847379294,"score_spread":0.1740142866177519,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7027349766","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8532247,0.07194932,0.0018066545,0.062682696,0.00075670914,0.0002830097,0.00014757941,0.0011151324,0.008034196],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.94904643,0.027464405,0.0026486993,0.00017645318,0.0006826429,0.000014492013,0.00003261232,0.00021263525,0.019721622],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9967613,0.00023810785,0.00044639822,0.0007312953,0.00040869406,0.0014141949],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99827355,0.0002932763,0.00015697823,0.0005737827,0.00017907891,0.0005233556],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003182375,0.00076408597,0.00069213187,0.00036970724,0.0013110621,0.00011403909,0.0004963124,0.0005915124,0.00008614689],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015762296,0.0009923211,0.00048609474,0.00043626846,0.0004738076,0.0007165738,0.00023406523,0.00073153846,0.000080121186],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00093375467,0.0018697843,0.06602119,0.003198407,0.0020995038,0.026309427,0.07036192,0.07914396,0.03174694,0.13059096,0.0962405,0.49148366],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0034404031,0.00040323506,0.14852008,0.0023079307,0.0010953896,0.004144043,0.007801774,0.0053124125,0.028756857,0.005196421,0.79037005,0.0026513734],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.80034083,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.8961207,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6941296,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.02681686,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007268019,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999891},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7027545020","doi":"","title":"Covanta Holding Corporation Reports 2013 Full Year and Fourth Quarter Results and Provides 2014 Guidance","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Corporation; Quarter (Canadian coin); Work (physics)","score_opus":0.006465651800394321,"score_gpt":0.19683766644824027,"score_spread":0.19037201464784595,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7027545020","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.009415189,0.0039061196,0.01464819,0.00060333405,0.0019052423,0.000995452,0.000064253574,0.00228187,0.9661803],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.20458682,0.0021190823,0.018850176,0.00016368757,0.0014747382,0.000030017349,0.00016389336,0.0009721299,0.77163947],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990982,0.000016100927,0.0002687331,0.00033057272,0.00011669557,0.00016973891],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99943805,0.000024137233,0.00013725089,0.00031693708,0.00001867947,0.00006497498],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017074081,0.0002289432,0.00024875998,0.0001118677,0.000025458521,0.00010338163,0.000040577284,0.0001464501,0.000103975304],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000024008721,0.00020779633,0.000022422362,0.000036156307,0.000046644687,0.000076237135,0.000019705196,0.000119366945,0.000056844583],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006034472,0.0000026548248,0.00031379636,0.00015204045,0.000023254543,0.000016844615,0.000049950166,0.000054879885,0.0005681139,0.00007482453,0.99773395,0.0010036414],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00043451393,0.00004595969,0.00046175276,0.0003958487,0.000036968744,0.00013117724,0.000044292203,0.009526571,0.00019203032,0.0001499272,0.9880555,0.0005254541],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00020461678,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003521607,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.19517164,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000128742295,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000073893957,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.84736884},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7084152028","doi":"10.64628/aap.wk3vpp5fd","title":"COVID-19 restrictions take a toll on brain function, but there are techniques to help you cope","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"École Nationale d'Administration Publique","funders":"","keywords":"Toll; Feature (linguistics); Identification (biology); Perspective (graphical)","score_opus":0.01896006853217809,"score_gpt":0.2511578795480397,"score_spread":0.23219781101586162,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7084152028","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.33422783,0.0009974408,0.1664534,0.11785116,0.002324728,0.0012483936,0.00025880206,0.013913543,0.3627247],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.89422387,0.0001031539,0.003639493,0.030903129,0.00049424625,0.00011025632,0.00004052542,0.00011024236,0.070375055],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992518,0.000026529451,0.00015314089,0.0002266842,0.00013658001,0.00020525382],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99926716,0.000105766616,0.000014736258,0.00033466576,0.000059905353,0.00021774007],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006899716,0.00014443936,0.00013424877,0.00010514712,0.00012831832,0.000068684465,0.000082547995,0.000067950255,0.0009104633],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00035357356,0.00013924092,0.000058452355,0.0004230733,0.000012871508,0.000056458357,0.000024558554,0.00015703257,0.00020974563],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016540269,0.00005357591,0.0007006385,0.000054022228,0.00004566132,0.00008152037,0.00022675862,0.0060407366,0.013484449,0.0019816984,0.96970797,0.0076064602],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00016222474,0.000055028304,0.0017622055,0.00004039688,0.000013741969,0.000031952153,0.0016760103,0.0004592638,0.022464648,0.00024505932,0.9728421,0.00024735194],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001674171,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00045152154,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.55999607,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015307321,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006599322,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99689347},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7099446152","doi":"","title":"Methodologies for Identifying and Ranking Sustainable Transport Practices in Urban Regions Principal Investigator:","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Principal (computer security); Work (physics); Ranking (information retrieval); Key (lock); Sustainable development","score_opus":0.106892600271883,"score_gpt":0.3462589137753676,"score_spread":0.23936631350348458,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7099446152","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96017957,0.0010031002,0.031091299,0.001284225,0.000097523734,0.0003972007,0.000001197665,0.00056145753,0.005384444],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.95861423,0.000073466166,0.040433507,0.00015471631,0.0000399888,0.00001525066,0.0000025962931,0.000015120521,0.00065112626],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992401,0.000027048598,0.00018457492,0.000170419,0.00006934104,0.00030853934],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995257,0.00022003522,0.00004432889,0.00012010766,0.000024221677,0.0000655633],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005119239,0.00011598714,0.00016659207,0.00012789502,0.00006931293,0.000054718872,0.00008018662,0.000053058768,0.0000035480793],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00049320905,0.000112732836,0.00003365383,0.0001581418,0.0000337256,0.00041355356,0.0000075323924,0.00012804274,4.8754896e-7],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00033448735,0.00022135257,0.17842054,0.0045962916,0.0003715772,0.00064543035,0.06541635,0.04207576,0.094279274,0.5576062,0.021637794,0.034394927],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0076765944,0.0004185334,0.28098777,0.0007531274,0.0004768771,0.00026157446,0.069612294,0.08060828,0.08778627,0.24416715,0.2236237,0.003627822],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008788963,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000069025606,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.31343907,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000037090642,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002283572,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.45971116},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7115031360","doi":"","title":"Vision transformers for image quality assessment on high dynamic range displays","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"eScholarship@McGill (McGill)","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"High dynamic range; Image quality; Transformer; Image processing; Dynamic range; Machine vision","score_opus":0.011563361151935998,"score_gpt":0.28855492168446556,"score_spread":0.27699156053252955,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7115031360","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8759613,0.0001660845,0.000055680077,0.000049071165,0.0039610416,0.0017793474,0.0068819905,0.001027169,0.11011832],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98429704,0.0003746001,0.0015456491,0.00013508505,0.00004525135,0.00040526481,0.0048361076,0.00033002603,0.008030951],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9959933,0.00018094851,0.0010869298,0.0010698225,0.0007698486,0.0008991434],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99815035,0.00047854648,0.00022266271,0.0006446349,0.00024272199,0.00026106252],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008147448,0.0010559976,0.0010663733,0.0005185046,0.0007575207,0.00015236415,0.00050970924,0.000753955,0.00012034393],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018022273,0.0011352408,0.00070516235,0.0004590638,0.000038386068,0.0005718665,0.000027863769,0.0016374225,0.00008161131],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009074639,0.00058959436,0.000008704555,0.0077756606,0.0009792013,0.00006340794,0.000030002544,0.0017864236,0.21855071,0.05891163,0.0001337175,0.7102635],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.030515991,0.002859394,0.046438567,0.015781937,0.005160637,0.00005102824,0.0035773087,0.038801927,0.44250682,0.07987784,0.31337333,0.021055214],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00015985945,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011691758,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.68920827,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00144849,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005071321,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99910975},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7116952854","doi":"10.1109/siitme67657.2025.11293534","title":"Enhancing Automotive Safety and user Experience: Advanced Integration of Opto-Electronics Sensors and Actuators","year":2025,"lang":"","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Ontario Ministry of Research, Innovation and Science","keywords":"Automotive industry; Actuator; Multidisciplinary approach; System integration; Integrated design","score_opus":0.003379150395889487,"score_gpt":0.24075778774388415,"score_spread":0.23737863734799466,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7116952854","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.920429,0.0021487442,0.07298789,0.00019387853,0.00038578725,0.00032233796,0.000007802808,0.00013155601,0.0033930105],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98809373,0.003733723,0.005733503,0.00006566439,0.00002130427,0.000006289614,0.0000036693455,0.000030679796,0.002311404],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99825126,0.000053018877,0.0006193116,0.0004607063,0.0001719409,0.0004437494],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99914986,0.00022797505,0.00009755434,0.00026587627,0.00015666585,0.00010205242],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018658135,0.000376928,0.00049692404,0.0002299399,0.00015378371,0.00007533933,0.00009719978,0.0001658929,0.00008372904],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00024575283,0.00037351574,0.00006693066,0.00048776856,0.0002139404,0.00040230018,0.00008773076,0.00035655746,0.0000017315107],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00041974182,0.00012312301,0.002112105,0.0008583602,0.00049045496,0.000008497878,0.056331202,0.007629287,0.38984305,0.02740436,0.00011850865,0.5146613],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013347667,0.00014537679,0.004491175,0.00079606974,0.00013052963,0.000011821159,0.029719336,0.10082136,0.8559941,0.00025598225,0.0056990623,0.0006004142],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000052659143,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007822653,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5140609,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018187427,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000851966,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998717},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7124955430","doi":"10.1109/sensors59705.2025.11330403","title":"A 120dB Dynamic Range CMOS Image Sensor with Dual Programmable Conversion Gains and Pixelwise QCG Modulation for Single-Frame Adaptive QCG-HDR Imaging","year":2025,"lang":"","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Pixel; Dynamic range; High-dynamic-range imaging; High dynamic range; Programmer; CMOS; Image sensor; Frame rate; Chip","score_opus":0.009380032726776087,"score_gpt":0.2290572630310599,"score_spread":0.2196772303042838,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7124955430","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5236539,0.001386334,0.45985022,0.0021747036,0.00081145583,0.0045204884,0.00017060753,0.0011086286,0.0063236374],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9510013,0.00009431213,0.044032704,0.00019649387,0.00009795945,0.000110800174,0.000075096694,0.00016105293,0.0042303046],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99658483,0.00009028381,0.0006797953,0.0010897445,0.00037730206,0.0011780412],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982521,0.00031993684,0.00018041178,0.0005597296,0.00043084557,0.00025699864],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032737316,0.0008439946,0.0007586971,0.0004714945,0.00047515155,0.00057234603,0.00016845534,0.00020993993,0.00006698873],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000093527626,0.000835555,0.00021154573,0.0007097726,0.0004045067,0.0009256773,0.0001377298,0.00047781598,0.000021536493],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.007684444,0.0022321406,0.014893494,0.009512347,0.0031173807,0.0006006983,0.011994061,0.069809385,0.59448797,0.0046153306,0.0038798351,0.27717292],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0058499984,0.0003444214,0.0012381207,0.0008528674,0.00052729895,0.000088124405,0.0036172157,0.9784198,0.005730799,0.00030265437,0.0020063727,0.0010223624],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00024209714,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008463828,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9086104,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00053706794,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012182742,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994095},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7134136579","doi":"10.3169/itej.75.729","title":"2. A thorough Investigation of Sensitivity, Saturation, Capturing Speed and Spectral Response Performances in CMOS Image Sensors","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of The Institute of Image Information and Television Engineers","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Hatch (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"CMOS; Image sensor; Image (mathematics); CMOS sensor; Image processing","score_opus":0.0054125533587304,"score_gpt":0.1984554554983718,"score_spread":0.1930429021396414,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7134136579","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9972055,0.00020628725,0.0012574114,0.0008402163,0.0002395879,0.00008296193,0.000005554024,0.000012239675,0.00015024941],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969718,0.00040648316,0.0025406124,0.000040803243,0.000025113863,1.407798e-7,0.0000017071998,0.0000057842294,0.000007578335],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990182,0.000083558574,0.00053835846,0.000034997916,0.00022848914,0.000096430136],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99931014,0.00012343032,0.00022176688,0.00012341967,0.00018299809,0.00003823334],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00094951584,0.00010964579,0.00019118967,0.00016850079,0.00005164032,0.000043848308,0.00007715699,0.000036669982,0.000002649933],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00032874988,0.00007159351,0.000049102633,0.00027943568,0.00016350132,0.0015905622,0.000034055913,0.00024053827,5.6423136e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003823934,0.000016370477,0.0011367775,0.0005333428,0.000090504785,0.00002218834,0.023362692,0.43364474,0.5311667,0.00018238375,0.0004418253,0.0090200985],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0016807849,0.000070865164,0.116652206,0.0009484531,0.00008762994,0.001431227,0.0054164045,0.28182375,0.59041333,0.0001633024,0.0010313671,0.00028069768],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000015059121,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006847111,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.15182099,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003631538,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000058264708,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.29194984},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7149618463","doi":"10.70675/49c24042z2d2fz4414z839bzda6944199f1f","title":"Optimisation de la lecture et du contrôle de CCD à très bas bruit pour l'expérience DAMIC","year":2020,"lang":"","type":"dissertation","venue":"","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Digital signal processing; High resolution; Video recording","score_opus":0.00532386340089561,"score_gpt":0.24136551735035586,"score_spread":0.23604165394946025,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7149618463","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7568049,0.0014824291,0.16439286,0.004043356,0.0010593607,0.0007915162,0.000032885764,0.0008471266,0.07054559],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98423195,0.0006801967,0.008910078,0.0010595709,0.00038066975,0.00004337406,0.0003756595,0.00018103434,0.0041374965],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99735975,0.00027348002,0.0005929382,0.00068766676,0.00036164443,0.0007245195],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99839795,0.00061407627,0.00018892302,0.00035255897,0.00013325026,0.00031322523],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00042784345,0.00072674296,0.00059370464,0.00016664338,0.00019855287,0.00043450686,0.0004381239,0.00066190783,0.0013080253],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007278487,0.0008127448,0.00028063505,0.00039102824,0.00006825423,0.00029188787,0.00003280234,0.0011899384,0.00019252335],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002824525,0.00025431905,0.003289884,0.001731997,0.0004966302,0.00026097152,0.09174499,0.57309264,0.2892688,0.012786863,0.008253515,0.018536977],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0020298138,0.000086367334,0.012597733,0.0006056489,0.00036670393,0.00020602121,0.005603337,0.9098836,0.055307373,0.0016229191,0.010083672,0.001606796],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00079937925,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00027752348,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.336791,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00042527643,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000663856,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99960494},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W775751497","doi":"10.71781/31148","title":"Investigation des circuits neuronaux de la lecture à l’aide de la spectroscopie près du spectre de l’infrarouge","year":2012,"lang":"fr","type":"dissertation","venue":"Open MIND","topic":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada; Fondation des Etoiles","keywords":"Humanities; Philosophy; Physics; Psychology","score_opus":0.021917035758250627,"score_gpt":0.27122150312359944,"score_spread":0.2493044673653488,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W775751497","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9307376,0.0018317085,0.0013295605,0.00016798795,0.0005049301,0.00046641962,0.000034119,0.000031679414,0.06489599],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9707838,0.00040364024,0.022332946,0.000094579016,0.00094424916,0.000043552536,0.00039318914,0.00020646199,0.004797561],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9973268,0.0005137255,0.0004145971,0.0005052072,0.00023784516,0.0010018426],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984826,0.00048806958,0.00018077872,0.0003806504,0.000058674923,0.00040921607],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008305549,0.00060748647,0.00046920075,0.00016346564,0.0003085872,0.0008356758,0.00064154237,0.0006029134,0.0017673647],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00044941853,0.0007253866,0.00014817684,0.00033977532,0.00027290807,0.00054336834,0.00006731053,0.0011757673,0.00033386805],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000042756754,0.00016238143,0.12660602,0.0007272395,0.00027177174,0.00033155462,0.06442639,0.011215423,0.7159242,0.0011302852,0.0014727487,0.077689216],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009070915,0.000074791395,0.3831999,0.001106913,0.0005347096,0.0006681177,0.0017891107,0.0047232276,0.5622857,0.0050653857,0.038483713,0.0011612913],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014581182,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00096414465,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.25659388,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00089072227,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007446102,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995197},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}