{"meta":{"query_hash":"b44a5f94fdd2","filters":{"topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing"},"cohort_total":1070,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":1070,"exported":1070,"export_cap":100000,"truncated":false,"label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12"},"permalink":"https://metacan.xera.ac/q/b44a5f94fdd2","api":"https://metacan.xera.ac/api/v1/cohort?topic=Fluid+Dynamics+and+Mixing"},"results":[{"id":"W104419196","doi":"10.1007/978-3-662-52989-8_115","title":"O2 Schwingungen in Wärmeübertrager-Rohrbündeln","year":2019,"lang":"de","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Springer Reference Technik","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph; McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Physics","score_opus":0.01913398106346084,"score_gpt":0.21840964310252545,"score_spread":0.1992756620390646,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W104419196","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.009861128,0.0063638943,0.0022147088,0.000102136466,0.0023855704,0.0016141295,0.00014309342,0.0012294104,0.9760859],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8958076,0.010221291,0.00622292,0.00011765731,0.0005567417,0.00008866092,0.00020280275,0.0008041364,0.08597819],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.995324,0.000023112576,0.0012639401,0.0013725789,0.00068752206,0.0013288056],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9974193,0.00010009829,0.00025978786,0.0018387696,0.00012603053,0.00025604345],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00054419634,0.0013368387,0.0013441757,0.0012002287,0.00011014899,0.0001872171,0.0012077529,0.0017054486,0.0014104286],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005143545,0.0015208491,0.00035194156,0.00023629486,0.00012888793,0.0002495697,0.00060139684,0.0030940196,0.006908501],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007510264,0.00011890456,0.0014045199,0.002358804,0.000637984,0.0005275848,0.00039709423,0.0049220095,0.029702112,0.8997438,0.00054112996,0.05957094],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0022842851,0.000437182,0.003190744,0.013810772,0.00054626487,0.00007541012,0.000099471006,0.044902682,0.0018366768,0.013446345,0.9115177,0.00785246],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00027590725,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00033166521,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9109766,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00077577285,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002261868,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99993825},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1066793537","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2015.07.012","title":"Capacitance wire mesh imaging of bubbly flows for offshore treatment applications","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Bubble; Mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Geology; Capacitance; Submarine pipeline; Materials science; Acoustics; Physics; Geotechnical engineering","score_opus":0.03169859037742989,"score_gpt":0.22731181148577145,"score_spread":0.19561322110834156,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1066793537","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6299911,0.0027885137,0.36156204,0.00016462263,0.0006381791,0.0018241848,0.000109391534,0.00017918336,0.0027427261],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.988081,0.00012971992,0.011348026,0.000010715814,0.000062879546,0.00026571236,0.00006686412,0.000016859245,0.000018227414],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99940073,0.0000066190714,0.00018763679,0.00011437344,0.0001727155,0.000117904405],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996849,0.0000062745817,0.000031103442,0.000094755895,0.00012476175,0.00005821863],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015082645,0.00010545975,0.00011450749,0.00005375655,0.000046598598,0.0000209501,0.000037195685,0.000021867783,0.0000024353067],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000006549142,0.00010319825,0.000031659347,0.000065623964,0.000014856319,0.0001445526,0.0000034292182,0.000021142288,0.0000014889454],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000075219185,0.00013919204,0.010363711,0.000365331,0.00023758103,5.3488685e-7,0.003782082,0.017131774,0.18559961,0.0042659654,0.0023378166,0.77570117],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0024167818,0.00014759446,0.0011228562,0.00007073554,0.00009253823,0.0000027608241,0.00092266983,0.952801,0.033153124,0.00083879626,0.008174803,0.00025635454],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001447039,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000075606265,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9356692,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022010153,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000026313066,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.42083025},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W107069608","doi":"10.22215/etd/2007-06692","title":"Transition in separation bubbles: physical mechanisms and passive control techniques","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University; Canadian Heritage","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Transition (genetics); Computer science; Chemistry","score_opus":0.002454219588880352,"score_gpt":0.24389249219027437,"score_spread":0.24143827260139403,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W107069608","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.30804488,0.00014312558,0.6720453,0.000017729237,0.00027211593,0.0007020078,0.000024363757,0.0004817272,0.018268732],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997043,0.000094493,0.001975987,0.000029200772,0.00006221337,0.000060438506,0.00045080853,0.00003844561,0.00024538883],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99945194,0.0000073499136,0.0001653224,0.00014447935,0.00009511231,0.00013579692],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99983925,0.000022686854,0.000020282603,0.0000601813,0.000029224195,0.000028350449],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000546339,0.0001658843,0.00020661067,0.00017374642,0.000019367137,0.000026370135,0.000031293617,0.00021733952,0.0000065455174],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000026620162,0.0001706842,0.000037672613,0.000075942226,0.0000047596504,0.00008843172,0.0000011397178,0.00017994063,0.000002532462],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012815879,0.00010403413,0.0000034657746,0.00087626785,0.00011516217,0.000040858453,0.006547962,0.010323107,0.8146117,0.07885197,0.00029402276,0.08810332],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005628234,0.00008737841,0.00027899267,0.00026732287,0.0000588903,0.00000342585,0.00095399783,0.8977064,0.09075533,0.008726727,0.000095522264,0.0005032275],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000040816827,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006738515,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8873833,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000059618844,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009497101,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.69603},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W132029280","doi":"10.1063/1.2747410","title":"Multiphase Flow Measurement by Dual Gamma Ray Tomography","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AIP conference proceedings","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institute of Particle Physics","funders":"","keywords":"Preamplifier; Amplifier; Data acquisition; Tomography; Multiphase flow; Field-programmable gate array; Gamma ray; Detector; Electronic engineering; Optics; Physics; Acoustics; Materials science; Computer science; Engineering; Computer hardware; Nuclear physics","score_opus":0.01473833068873462,"score_gpt":0.20763922685540617,"score_spread":0.19290089616667155,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W132029280","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.45666176,0.0012267315,0.51749,0.00014255455,0.0007069829,0.0004819997,0.000026760907,0.0010294683,0.022233732],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9942373,0.00009000416,0.0053479588,0.000074198164,0.00009301762,0.00002044172,0.0000087933195,0.000040263763,0.000087991946],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985422,0.0000017108941,0.0002817655,0.00026139244,0.00039643134,0.00051650277],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993504,0.00001380602,0.000033980832,0.00009114051,0.00032054595,0.00019009046],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005323511,0.00023792176,0.0001843368,0.00014916022,0.00008009665,0.00011899963,0.00016874845,0.00011044361,0.000053073334],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000044225355,0.0002446271,0.00007155559,0.00025112685,0.00004385608,0.00022418397,0.000032673954,0.00021998947,0.000029128747],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000031299067,0.00008092872,0.0054168086,0.00016992081,0.00009508059,0.0000113748265,0.0016270545,0.00013221278,0.94534457,0.0014889673,0.015301278,0.030300481],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0016898857,0.00017358664,0.0033022999,0.0002095514,0.00006351068,0.000020768271,0.0007822248,0.91661894,0.040609345,0.00038459888,0.035029847,0.0011154262],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000018454904,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000019818874,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.91648674,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009760924,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000020814254,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9975604},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W132437143","doi":"10.2175/106143005x41690","title":"Effect of Bubble‐Induced Surface Turbulence on Gas–Liquid Mass Transfer in Diffused Aeration Systems","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Environment Research","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Hydromantis Environmental Software Solutions (Canada)","funders":"Water Research Foundation; Water Environment Research Foundation","keywords":"Aeration; Mass transfer; Volatilisation; Diffuser (optics); Chemistry; Airflow; Mass transfer coefficient; Bubble; Surface water; Ammonia; Environmental engineering; Environmental chemistry; Environmental science; Mechanics; Chromatography; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.014298207806519959,"score_gpt":0.2455910120862428,"score_spread":0.23129280427972282,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W132437143","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9978375,0.000111209934,0.00079671317,0.00009014623,0.00006421444,0.0005280604,0.000004243987,0.000029262363,0.0005386604],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994277,0.00019556521,0.000036443194,0.0000024996486,0.000040003702,0.00005345684,0.00001456416,0.00003416861,0.00019559907],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99832094,0.00022411988,0.00024986197,0.00022790865,0.00051064295,0.0004665413],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995452,0.00009977779,0.0000045702336,0.00027898338,0.000006511778,0.000064916276],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0013061955,0.00014813436,0.00019492318,0.00013839867,0.000039822025,0.000029284985,0.00015559347,0.00009778223,0.00005833469],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000005171823,0.00011074819,0.000036972775,0.000070026384,0.000033288816,0.00009095132,0.00002596442,0.00032253293,0.00015211188],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000065562584,0.000027168366,0.00014714054,0.00010392717,0.0000071903605,0.000004198586,0.00025208568,0.3382271,0.6607907,0.000028359094,0.000007733425,0.00033883256],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00055226474,0.00048286398,0.00011981855,0.00006467593,0.000002544678,4.6639263e-7,0.000014236469,0.28243467,0.7159555,0.0000019665633,0.00026819814,0.00010277392],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000065073895,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000011343803,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.05579241,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003411703,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000036687484,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.451618},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W14263458","doi":"10.2166/wst.2005.0194","title":"Quantification of detachment forces on rigid biofilm colonies in a roto-torque reactor using computational fluid dynamics tools","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Science & Technology","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Laminar flow; Biofilm; Mechanics; Computational fluid dynamics; Torque; Flow (mathematics); Shear force; Shear (geology); Chemistry; Fluid dynamics; Materials science; Physics; Classical mechanics; Thermodynamics; Geology; Composite material","score_opus":0.014468468691226317,"score_gpt":0.24811151596456985,"score_spread":0.23364304727334353,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W14263458","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9701709,0.0000333612,0.02891944,0.0002690932,0.00012810236,0.00019370703,0.000009082392,0.00012752399,0.00014876775],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9891844,0.000009507546,0.010737234,0.000013157753,0.000008722565,0.000019564428,0.000011022071,0.000009434113,0.0000070041374],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990494,0.0000059764275,0.0002691585,0.00021919294,0.00016407439,0.0002921896],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99966794,0.000016864355,0.000033299933,0.00020008508,0.000058763046,0.00002303834],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025155768,0.00010450491,0.00014148411,0.0006923613,0.0000644929,0.00003811556,0.00030534438,0.00009804169,0.000003640385],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000020817652,0.00008905419,0.000020617512,0.00058403506,0.0003348551,0.00025593734,0.00006145924,0.00010823095,0.000008607199],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000036165675,0.000025440646,0.0012781628,0.000011048507,0.0000027547137,0.0000011183968,0.00017978827,0.45677704,0.5192715,0.019042635,0.0000014347262,0.0034054986],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009352541,0.000037762627,0.0004534265,0.00002212104,0.0000017955501,0.0000053353524,0.000052502695,0.7087445,0.28971955,0.00068849773,0.00009980103,0.00008116887],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000023128972,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00010834964,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2519675,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003851959,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000036306872,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.36315244},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1492026897","doi":"10.5772/7099","title":"Investigation of Mixing in Shear Thinning Fluids Using Computational Fluid Dynamics","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"InTech eBooks","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Impeller; Computational fluid dynamics; Shear thinning; Rheology; Mixing (physics); Slurry; Shear stress; Shear (geology); Mechanics; Non-Newtonian fluid; Materials science; Shear rate; Newtonian fluid; Aeration; Agitator; Yield (engineering); Waste management; Engineering; Composite material; Physics","score_opus":0.01711775245485088,"score_gpt":0.21602910341678375,"score_spread":0.19891135096193285,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1492026897","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.21629672,0.00055699475,0.43059653,0.000026506857,0.0021748552,0.0008639665,0.00015951457,0.00067493785,0.34864998],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.92454743,0.000016285452,0.06701108,0.00005936632,0.00020529996,0.000010786992,0.00018038003,0.00032526252,0.007644103],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985332,0.000008977734,0.00067788427,0.0002639589,0.00027496627,0.0002410126],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993648,0.00008372282,0.00011355278,0.00024952856,0.000119881166,0.0000685041],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025551065,0.00035070168,0.00043001724,0.000553542,0.000050669318,0.000037703623,0.0002150746,0.00057466695,0.000021174432],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000018946643,0.0004270862,0.00012217142,0.00003303722,0.0001507663,0.00006735115,0.00009022156,0.0009830499,0.0000065331164],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012085681,0.000003754186,0.000121676145,0.0005643465,0.00013635842,0.000043414635,0.0013118377,0.046534687,0.8531364,0.09326465,0.0000125007755,0.0048582745],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00022324962,0.00002252352,0.000023455972,0.0013730602,0.000032925687,0.000028864406,0.00002420185,0.9253468,0.018588448,0.053502224,0.00035317516,0.000481053],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008601041,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00016547338,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.87881213,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00033643533,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000102894504,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998181},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1504227122","doi":"10.5006/c2008-08565","title":"The Effects of Flow Pattern Transitions of Three-Phase Flows on Corrosion","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dynamic Systems Analysis (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Corrosion; Flow (mathematics); Two-phase flow; Materials science; Phase (matter); Metallurgy; Mechanics; Physics","score_opus":0.0058869936003217325,"score_gpt":0.193555904028074,"score_spread":0.18766891042775224,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1504227122","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7319871,0.00010643846,0.26662886,0.000014839602,0.00022994811,0.000101083344,0.00000943074,0.000039065653,0.0008832287],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999485,0.00010611132,0.0003252976,0.000011182537,0.000013571457,0.0000055655373,0.000004651853,0.000011331819,0.000037273647],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996662,0.0000056251833,0.000118188866,0.000047528913,0.000077229815,0.000085239255],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997284,0.000092142094,0.000009021867,0.00013400322,0.000015569227,0.000020885254],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00003182345,0.000059710103,0.0000859594,0.000025872898,0.000050181534,0.000002154812,0.000055156957,0.000026765229,0.0000108670565],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000068446434,0.00004102289,0.000052152096,0.00005376228,0.00001861615,0.000019589055,0.0000045494053,0.000051361763,0.0000044097783],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000024251214,0.00018859698,0.00015048496,0.00029455303,0.000034560857,0.000017815004,0.0007811942,0.11767616,0.8018528,0.0009806958,0.0011444631,0.076854415],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000492421,0.00013404575,0.00043813547,0.000059378,0.00000819948,0.0000027081214,0.0000056212225,0.954228,0.044467177,0.000036761186,0.00007505674,0.000052511783],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000016069776,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00012372626,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.83655185,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000008188636,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000040661866,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.16728649},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1514582961","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20327","title":"On bubble column reactor design for the determination of kinetic rate constants in gas–liquid systems","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Generalitat Valenciana","keywords":"Reaction rate constant; Chemistry; Bubble column reactor; Mass transfer; Kinetic energy; Bubble; Thermodynamics; Mass transfer coefficient; Thermal diffusivity; Reaction rate; Constant (computer programming); Chromatography; Kinetics; Mechanics; Organic chemistry; Physics; Gas bubble; Catalysis","score_opus":0.008217220205892942,"score_gpt":0.18156218292742243,"score_spread":0.1733449627215295,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1514582961","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96723527,0.00029891226,0.03123385,0.00008217974,0.0008418369,0.00023537206,0.000011573906,0.000009433944,0.000051561296],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992557,0.0000058306,0.00060400204,0.000008672924,0.00008857345,0.000008845583,6.238452e-7,0.000024331743,0.0000034297568],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99936104,0.000009233676,0.0002915132,0.000046394234,0.00008209277,0.00020970711],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990956,0.0005347783,0.000057108347,0.00011836928,0.00007281987,0.000121282],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000544145,0.00009329653,0.00015971082,0.000110492634,0.000021702086,0.000032304077,0.0002180873,0.000069175585,0.000004243265],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00032813256,0.00006741652,0.000047228445,0.000107557884,0.000032902262,0.000042680796,0.0000037985437,0.00033184516,4.065384e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018044873,0.000002188224,0.0000033123863,0.000045803645,0.000014590612,0.0000067980195,0.00011487593,0.2543286,0.74363726,0.0014483788,0.00005603554,0.00032409135],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00031611443,0.000046866902,0.00002062128,0.00016257772,0.000017482304,0.000046311954,0.000010187719,0.87968624,0.11926793,0.00007373973,0.0002617429,0.00009019599],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00030398514,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00040584363,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6253576,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011998453,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00011152444,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2749166},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1530339538","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20357","title":"A new methodology for hydrodynamic similarity in bubble columns","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Sasol; ConocoPhillips; U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Dimensionless quantity; Similarity (geometry); Matching (statistics); Bubble; Turbulence; Mechanics; Work (physics); Scale (ratio); Dynamic similarity; Statistical physics; Mixing (physics); Distribution (mathematics); Tracking (education); Flow (mathematics); Computer science; Particle (ecology); Mathematics; Physics; Artificial intelligence; Mathematical analysis; Statistics; Geology; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.01253519871671103,"score_gpt":0.2115527246602035,"score_spread":0.19901752594349248,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1530339538","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95110935,0.0002103478,0.046952914,0.00038415135,0.0010611747,0.000107982385,0.000007823411,0.00002224071,0.00014404398],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97092295,0.0000016852533,0.028747348,0.000031915686,0.00024002489,0.0000030274116,0.0000011953575,0.0000316066,0.000020269948],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992674,0.0000063462276,0.0002665861,0.00006311525,0.00006237297,0.00033415988],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99927574,0.00021037908,0.000028142846,0.00012257916,0.00003669471,0.0003264419],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00049712864,0.00010828077,0.00021065798,0.00015140664,0.000024779209,0.0000328235,0.00028345705,0.00012721775,0.000020663909],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000334651,0.00009855174,0.00008445498,0.00014148864,0.000021481908,0.000060472827,0.000007940081,0.0006761958,8.547457e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000063076873,0.0000024612145,0.00010067501,0.000044502376,0.00004192351,0.000022561531,0.0003053036,0.31949157,0.673746,0.003818443,0.00065917557,0.001761117],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005436654,0.000018109506,0.00021698911,0.000041797743,0.00002415374,0.0001805702,0.0000071987474,0.97067493,0.021608697,0.002311888,0.0041654035,0.00020658503],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0016547221,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01544769,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6521373,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014812376,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00024998837,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8620174},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1544613550","doi":"10.3968/j.ans.1715787020100302.002","title":"Simulation Study of Bionic Jetting Direction Influence on Drag Reduction Effect","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Advances in natural science/Advances in natural sciences","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Drag; Parasitic drag; Mechanics; Reduction (mathematics); Flow (mathematics); Computer simulation; Drag coefficient; Materials science; Engineering; Physics; Geometry; Mathematics","score_opus":0.0029390023206239233,"score_gpt":0.28652928718205545,"score_spread":0.2835902848614315,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1544613550","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9856293,0.0062318416,0.000026768244,0.000019199315,0.006364374,0.00058426405,0.0000011335452,0.0001254678,0.0010176292],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983289,0.0004905057,0.0010201143,0.0000088048255,0.00010102296,0.000028246031,0.0000013157832,0.0000119708775,0.000009078948],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9968905,0.00006831807,0.00060424063,0.0007578035,0.0009959482,0.00068322336],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987545,0.00059636956,0.00019048195,0.00026762488,0.00011897011,0.00007207364],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0018704375,0.00030570262,0.0003443094,0.0009816102,0.00042542868,0.000115829804,0.0008301913,0.00008880302,0.0000039481456],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009754689,0.00023751376,0.000053554584,0.0051052053,0.0010089839,0.0059484197,0.00009821019,0.000928992,0.0000027163937],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000022478047,0.000051704523,0.013163971,0.00002848635,0.0000012711895,0.0000020817718,0.00028729902,0.8144131,0.071351625,0.00052919856,1.8852462e-7,0.10014864],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00089964084,0.00067869417,0.06085972,0.00029030367,0.0000069806492,0.000010730567,0.00072425016,0.9131751,0.020598764,0.0018481897,0.00029834692,0.0006092474],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010136076,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0017936059,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.09953939,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00028372044,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000060632006,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.968553},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1557297003","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22242","title":"Characterization of Gas‐Liquid Two‐Phase Flows Using Laser Patterns","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Two-phase flow; Laser; Flow (mathematics); Grayscale; Intensity (physics); Phase (matter); Flow measurement; Pixel; Optics; Materials science; Mechanics; Physics","score_opus":0.011840122662436402,"score_gpt":0.20144881951593735,"score_spread":0.18960869685350096,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1557297003","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98388195,0.000084079904,0.015456586,0.000035313416,0.00042866197,0.00004143943,0.00002196215,0.000014266574,0.000035725727],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991651,0.0000025119161,0.0005319328,0.000014990682,0.00024199164,6.3899586e-7,0.0000066497796,0.00003376177,0.000002414715],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992777,0.0000067322458,0.00031568145,0.00004706545,0.00012962673,0.00022318862],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993436,0.000017006587,0.000057486905,0.00011266065,0.00010337857,0.0003658771],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021038888,0.00011195983,0.00018188663,0.000115006675,0.000020413476,0.000031703385,0.00018088853,0.000051527528,0.00001364612],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000054628297,0.00009706693,0.00006331999,0.00012564474,0.000014453539,0.00011860229,0.000009185405,0.00022420788,8.2950476e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006772593,0.0000029563073,0.000014255465,0.000022859836,0.00002657275,0.000017360511,0.00021452966,0.24443895,0.7550358,0.000033349133,0.000011878817,0.000174691],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00049009244,0.000026228086,0.0000048099887,0.00010997331,0.000024609815,0.000091477195,0.000008082039,0.6831152,0.31579208,0.000012444165,0.00021859875,0.00010643113],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005114616,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00014890842,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.43924376,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021356891,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014317145,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.39582744},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1572285027","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22269","title":"Numerical comparison of gas‐liquid bubble columns and gas‐solid fluidized beds","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Iran National Science Foundation","keywords":"Bubble; Fluidized bed; Mechanics; Fluidization; Volume (thermodynamics); Work (physics); Eulerian path; Materials science; Thermodynamics; Physics","score_opus":0.010964280560237407,"score_gpt":0.2094894998096048,"score_spread":0.1985252192493674,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1572285027","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99449664,0.0021545659,0.0024589882,0.00021968923,0.00033918058,0.00006033185,0.000006151032,0.000023961979,0.00024047462],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987417,0.000011557718,0.0010497427,0.000016340491,0.00013880787,0.0000014962261,0.0000016512976,0.000034937046,0.000003779488],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99898905,0.000010218997,0.0004345368,0.000068182315,0.00017934508,0.0003186588],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989653,0.00006940541,0.00006084121,0.000131598,0.000112698704,0.0006601518],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00029716655,0.0001444769,0.00037754,0.00012056964,0.000031095624,0.000036919868,0.00023398014,0.000088448076,0.000010576845],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016785733,0.00012665782,0.0000720589,0.00017215211,0.00005853796,0.00007791046,0.00001559474,0.00037588386,0.000001561147],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000051362273,0.000016774278,0.00029524058,0.00012341865,0.0001895424,0.0000439756,0.002062121,0.39643827,0.5961895,0.0008329972,0.0028269605,0.0009298637],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007727738,0.00014082178,0.000017156386,0.00015722493,0.00006011275,0.00021957389,0.0000763161,0.7299776,0.26630914,0.00014135546,0.0018677011,0.00026022948],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00060117553,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00010872904,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.33353934,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019535754,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00017836184,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5164956},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1575203273","doi":"10.5006/c2008-08564","title":"Predicting the Curvature of the Interface for an Oil/Water Flow and Its Effects on Corrosion","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dynamic Systems Analysis (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Corrosion; Curvature; Materials science; Flow (mathematics); Petroleum engineering; Metallurgy; Mechanics; Geology; Physics; Mathematics; Geometry","score_opus":0.006486290362945648,"score_gpt":0.2012166712013947,"score_spread":0.19473038083844904,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1575203273","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99604493,0.00019993087,0.0026608158,0.000054476863,0.00034214553,0.00012448098,0.0000041506023,0.000045598103,0.0005234897],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99929804,0.000033078017,0.00017781208,0.000046932,0.000042738404,0.000008315944,0.0000016624093,0.000014327194,0.00037709146],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997026,0.000009917226,0.00006637366,0.00006784141,0.00005361636,0.00009968109],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99978757,0.00006429812,0.0000071730974,0.000109273366,0.000015432171,0.000016234559],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000706247,0.00006645538,0.0000620611,0.000010605006,0.00008710927,0.0000076947335,0.000077774755,0.000039268038,0.0000017975649],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000016759488,0.000029175699,0.000023418022,0.00002480954,0.000009614186,0.00004262534,0.000028791865,0.00008752435,7.540698e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000027062044,0.000016519536,0.000924831,0.0003174232,0.000017638911,5.608361e-7,0.002830525,0.1081019,0.88105816,0.00046440974,0.0008766764,0.0053643193],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001414506,0.00005356142,0.0004914229,0.00005929868,0.000005778373,0.0000039772485,0.000012685833,0.7610096,0.23786968,0.00001366024,0.0002984523,0.00004043003],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003225526,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000014179885,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6529077,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00000774793,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000017829763,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.11897504},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1584362101","doi":"10.1007/978-3-319-48176-0_46","title":"Digester Design Using CFD","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Hatch (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Slurry; Computational fluid dynamics; Dissolution; Gibbsite; Inlet; Plug flow; Impeller; Process engineering; Grinding; Residence time distribution; Materials science; Environmental science; Chemical engineering; Engineering; Chemistry; Kaolinite; Mechanics; Mechanical engineering; Environmental engineering; Mineralogy; Metallurgy; Inclusion (mineral)","score_opus":0.02801978730760035,"score_gpt":0.19244296630538615,"score_spread":0.1644231789977858,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1584362101","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000009955425,0.00024472503,0.34216657,0.0000046489836,0.00035924691,0.00007789838,0.0000060797265,0.00017798519,0.6569529],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0017980903,0.00019827191,0.009461538,0.000046388013,0.00030548385,0.0000019971362,0.0000037625668,0.00019146978,0.987993],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994219,0.0000017935697,0.00015919612,0.00014502135,0.00008988494,0.00018220495],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996667,0.00003144337,0.000016994723,0.0002137382,0.000018799,0.000052339205],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000048898815,0.00022848083,0.00018716145,0.00008646274,0.0000232411,0.000030032936,0.000093973526,0.00021604427,0.00065485574],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000014745144,0.00018019284,0.00007584,0.0000055179057,0.000015309664,0.000055938857,0.000030732062,0.00011985183,0.00031706152],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000070905653,0.0000039471124,0.00000397107,0.00017525254,0.00034073435,0.00009542647,0.0000693862,0.019669216,0.01518338,0.92392135,0.007239485,0.033290785],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005996942,0.000051448347,0.000005429171,0.001478798,0.00017581116,0.000080059515,0.0000027715669,0.38555518,0.0011251885,0.055564586,0.5527957,0.0025653455],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000012538696,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000020870846,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.86835676,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009504278,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001420722,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7348051},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1603288534","doi":"10.1002/mren.201300010","title":"Scale‐<scp>U</scp>p of Emulsion Polymerization Reactors Part I – Development of a Model Framework","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Macromolecular Reaction Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Computational fluid dynamics; Emulsion polymerization; Mixing (physics); Turbulence; Scale (ratio); Grid; Fluent; Mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Emulsion; Materials science; Polymerization; Physics; Chemical engineering; Engineering; Mathematics; Polymer","score_opus":0.0049550148503821854,"score_gpt":0.18043774890890338,"score_spread":0.1754827340585212,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1603288534","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.55689126,0.00008885476,0.44232166,0.0000021406008,0.00017612572,0.00010795524,0.000002427352,0.0001232973,0.00028625948],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9628074,0.00004563813,0.0369385,0.000004487009,0.000026501295,0.0000330911,0.000031967764,0.00007095438,0.000041451058],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989109,0.000006887066,0.00044506587,0.00016597545,0.0002230361,0.00024812427],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994914,0.000040729738,0.00007885641,0.0002350562,0.00006856124,0.00008538909],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000077430894,0.00019722432,0.00023567087,0.00021165048,0.000029402037,0.000017005235,0.00010638394,0.00014653789,0.0000068692816],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000069024645,0.0002032383,0.00007790336,0.00028878837,0.00001239836,0.00016680817,0.000032767453,0.00017140315,0.000008877115],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[4.5990424e-7,0.000016178145,0.000037298025,0.00011180492,0.000033769313,5.908537e-7,0.0004289347,0.22531952,0.77045816,0.00013452557,0.000017166662,0.0034415924],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000074569616,0.0000073141155,0.0005408589,0.00013695961,0.000010473806,0.0000029690445,0.000039506678,0.56646013,0.4322484,0.000035142373,0.0003675989,0.00007606743],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000015029395,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000011012613,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.40591615,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007463031,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015032641,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8287817},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1610774632","doi":"10.11575/prism/10951","title":"Multiphase transport of gas and low loads of liquids in pipelines","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"PRISM (University of Calgary)","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Pipeline transport; Environmental science; Petroleum engineering; Geology; Environmental engineering","score_opus":0.003374073819138503,"score_gpt":0.15794891982523193,"score_spread":0.15457484600609342,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1610774632","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9640176,0.0002452344,0.033605125,0.000016615912,0.000016822847,0.00005832023,0.0000015130437,0.00001651893,0.0020222343],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99077743,0.00058365543,0.008361661,0.0000022261995,0.0000020610337,5.0155247e-8,0.0000046497703,0.0000067876663,0.00026149943],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996542,0.0000057146744,0.0001126543,0.00007439376,0.00006689826,0.000086161774],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99982655,0.000013671934,0.000018914152,0.000088670866,0.000017231465,0.000034956964],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00005564183,0.00006221775,0.00017738972,0.00010213698,0.000010338345,5.7429924e-7,0.00007767734,0.000057208483,0.00008421259],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00000185629,0.00008068785,0.00004239406,0.000088344525,0.0000648779,0.000073585616,0.000008650457,0.00005985249,7.7912057e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005440439,0.00046377603,0.02537425,0.0017583207,0.00015019305,0.00019429399,0.0120127695,0.009226311,0.16080002,0.0009609503,0.00021345969,0.7883016],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013540311,0.00006173626,0.031992726,0.00012373485,0.000026378211,0.0000018239633,0.00004689944,0.9626169,0.0031410912,0.0000751963,0.00043121036,0.00012827008],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00071381574,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000060620983,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9533906,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000010108584,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000101271135,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3290355},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1668242030","doi":"10.1063/1.2747521","title":"Interpretation of CT-Scan Sinograms to Study the Dynamic Flow Properties of a Fluidized Bed","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AIP conference proceedings","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary; Petro-Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Iterative reconstruction; Computer vision; Tomography; Position (finance); Flow (mathematics); Electrical capacitance tomography; Artificial intelligence; Computer science; Tomographic reconstruction; Fluidized bed; Multiphase flow; Materials science; Algorithm; Physics; Mechanics; Optics","score_opus":0.014225574237575698,"score_gpt":0.22983041211178126,"score_spread":0.21560483787420556,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1668242030","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.980505,0.000103651175,0.018036133,0.000040866344,0.000101828664,0.0005629358,0.000002277582,0.00007618209,0.00057111477],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99895126,0.00001430427,0.00093174074,0.000017580403,0.000010006592,0.00003359418,0.0000013102803,0.000020897563,0.000019301951],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990554,0.0000044056846,0.00037614082,0.0001497798,0.0001986367,0.00021567526],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994817,0.00001921978,0.00005979695,0.00010624534,0.00028355225,0.000049527844],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00041785784,0.00014512024,0.00022478512,0.00011744736,0.000039843173,0.000039984847,0.00025930177,0.000027605342,0.000008748216],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000068982336,0.00010756172,0.000046336707,0.0002848753,0.000051196475,0.0001223326,0.000059521284,0.00011167547,0.0000036525435],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007866992,0.00008011643,0.003415431,0.00014112209,0.000091035174,8.2365e-7,0.029777393,0.00012671275,0.9314342,0.00037878368,0.0000158843,0.03445981],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00051689794,0.00033739154,0.0037481799,0.00025904743,0.000060701084,0.0000053866315,0.011337747,0.8649563,0.11837537,0.00015406036,0.000019160616,0.00022973855],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006134399,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000083357416,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8648296,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000043983353,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001801563,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.43862396},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1707513758","doi":"10.1063/1.4929460","title":"A dynamic pressure view cell for acoustic stimulation of fluids—Micro-bubble generation and fluid movement in porous media","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Review of Scientific Instruments","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Virtual Materials Group; University of Alberta; Shell Canada","keywords":"Porous medium; Materials science; Bubble; Attenuation; Vibration; Amplitude; Acoustics; Porosity; Fluid dynamics; Mechanics; Composite material; Optics; Physics","score_opus":0.016209213679753993,"score_gpt":0.2405056812214727,"score_spread":0.2242964675417187,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1707513758","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9526196,0.042920474,0.002410122,0.00001183116,0.0008270449,0.0009821935,0.00009187393,0.000016913342,0.000119962075],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9868454,0.008207066,0.0045997025,0.00002098591,0.000011306229,0.000035894707,0.0001796883,0.000017123144,0.00008285937],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99884313,0.000020737498,0.0005238215,0.00020046982,0.0002467332,0.00016508326],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994941,0.000014998075,0.000092888986,0.00020175616,0.00013866772,0.000057630252],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00079689606,0.000121027595,0.00029395855,0.00012651927,0.000029051818,0.000024877581,0.00010577284,0.000043790427,0.000008398351],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000048911854,0.00011716417,0.000038853672,0.0002317067,0.00004010458,0.00015140921,0.000037991835,0.00004188929,0.0000017782264],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008559182,0.000112820315,0.00051016454,0.024026234,0.000039095143,6.127428e-7,0.00049891137,0.024074078,0.876103,0.00014643063,0.0010009985,0.07347909],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00071852177,0.00004218128,0.00027357487,0.002593288,0.000076570526,9.4207843e-7,0.00002242062,0.9819379,0.013270873,0.000115264425,0.0008130212,0.00013548174],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008973577,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000020821379,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9578638,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007392107,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004803647,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.47778162},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1835439685","doi":"10.3968/j.ans.1715787020080101.010","title":"Measurement of Turbulent of Gas-liquid Two-phase Flow in a Bubble Column With a Laser Velocitymenter","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Advances in natural science/Advances in natural sciences","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Turbulence; Bubble; Mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Two-phase flow; Vortex; Materials science; Turbulence kinetic energy; Physics","score_opus":0.005669541922144962,"score_gpt":0.2665640639232668,"score_spread":0.26089452200112184,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1835439685","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9475379,0.049000215,0.00019084489,0.00016781932,0.0008730644,0.00050586293,0.000005732332,0.00004468484,0.0016739073],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.988149,0.0023317558,0.009390393,0.00006188817,0.000028708953,0.000021136922,0.0000017788803,0.0000092148675,0.0000061125966],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9959094,0.000044574103,0.0008007018,0.00067716045,0.00161918,0.00094896625],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99916106,0.00008645235,0.00019326985,0.00025784678,0.00019767808,0.000103691695],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0017942922,0.00033781255,0.0005471518,0.00082920474,0.00012440895,0.000055687047,0.0011020551,0.000059322618,0.000007807251],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015977884,0.00025282076,0.00006815371,0.0046649906,0.0013141376,0.0034900515,0.000086026455,0.00047677124,7.859915e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00056074036,0.000397756,0.0054143635,0.00018030821,0.0000075758785,0.000058778947,0.00086927245,0.76550055,0.09637151,0.002353934,0.000008050677,0.1282772],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.007414137,0.0026143582,0.007014112,0.0029707325,0.00001555556,0.00005050011,0.0010968868,0.82895106,0.14173362,0.0054110982,0.0012860432,0.0014419322],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009903308,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0045293504,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12683526,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00059642986,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00021139235,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99999243},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1845765304","doi":"10.22621/cfn.v120i2.315","title":"\"A Field Guide to the Identification of Pebbles\" by E. Van der Flier-Keller. 2007. [book review]","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Field-Naturalist","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Identification (biology); Field (mathematics); Library science; Psychology; Computer science; Mathematics; Biology","score_opus":0.004339382059446982,"score_gpt":0.20924392921231197,"score_spread":0.204904547152865,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1845765304","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.009959143,0.29864752,0.0077666263,0.2974128,0.006404539,0.0034358453,0.0005582137,0.00034167324,0.37547362],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.76933736,0.0039101294,0.00023313792,0.07672527,0.0006367916,0.00008789122,0.00022643858,0.00008724903,0.14875577],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.999082,0.000026784111,0.00034409732,0.00014123089,0.00013389673,0.0002719453],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991428,0.00010360573,0.000043986023,0.00054372806,0.00006768617,0.00009816039],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00029613278,0.00012750935,0.00013787163,0.00004895195,0.00017769341,0.000055767752,0.00044641134,0.00009252327,0.00084033096],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000103474114,0.00009066731,0.00006936078,0.00016676358,0.000020483962,0.000059067926,0.000021656673,0.00023082629,0.00014248047],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000010745096,0.0000014100636,0.000011175526,0.000055900196,0.000013058498,0.0000016839917,0.00004558557,0.0008765508,0.0010371811,0.00095704105,0.99584556,0.0011538088],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000047929127,0.0000066981834,0.00012485293,0.000100942816,0.000029410006,0.000004843761,0.000014303583,0.0033198227,0.002961395,0.00010883758,0.99314165,0.00013930164],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.08916291,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.2414003,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7593782,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012394761,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005089529,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.92010343},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1856086932","doi":"10.1002/mren.201500019","title":"Using a Novel CFD Model to Assess the Effect of Mixing Parameters on Emulsion Polymerization","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Macromolecular Reaction Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Agitator; Impeller; Baffle; Materials science; Rotational speed; Emulsion polymerization; Computational fluid dynamics; Mixing (physics); Mechanics; Methyl methacrylate; Volume fraction; Polymer; Composite material; Thermodynamics; Polymerization; Mechanical engineering; Physics; Engineering","score_opus":0.034789426375297215,"score_gpt":0.25359045673171116,"score_spread":0.21880103035641393,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1856086932","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.49441668,0.000027142762,0.50494546,0.000006895316,0.00024894136,0.00013669937,0.0000027578092,0.00009844573,0.00011697172],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9887442,0.000002752299,0.011097349,0.000017453538,0.00002993515,0.00001871823,0.00000924419,0.000074414354,0.000005931216],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99911386,0.000017955252,0.00021706884,0.0001713671,0.00024742284,0.00023230998],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99952066,0.000050522674,0.00003553124,0.00025469894,0.00003187436,0.00010669064],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023362409,0.00020261758,0.00019166607,0.00019358101,0.000039336206,0.000037254656,0.00011918684,0.00007252619,5.1367044e-7],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009647077,0.00017787443,0.000077227975,0.00032443894,0.0000075362,0.00010092394,0.00003255469,0.00016351462,0.0000030499461],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008060871,0.000003148528,0.000007395479,0.000022018989,0.000015858723,0.000001177807,0.000058547026,0.510821,0.4886398,0.00008792092,0.0000021638853,0.00033296135],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00021733648,0.000053911608,0.000020425958,0.00007344459,0.000021102533,0.000011954628,0.000009569082,0.6995144,0.2999091,0.0000029942796,0.000038785678,0.0001269879],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000032511125,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":9.55364e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.49432755,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017297805,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000082051965,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7253509},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1895265937","doi":"10.1139/l08-011","title":"Oxygenation performance of a laboratory-scale Speece Cone hypolimnetic aerator: preliminary assessment","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Aeration; Inlet; Environmental science; Hypolimnion; Bubble; Mechanics; Physics; Chemistry; Engineering; Eutrophication; Mechanical engineering; Waste management","score_opus":0.004504412788275803,"score_gpt":0.16658268366736753,"score_spread":0.16207827087909174,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1895265937","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9900589,0.001569249,0.006529832,0.000020355861,0.0006226838,0.00006345259,0.000017839793,0.000023352171,0.0010943197],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977894,0.00022005479,0.001795747,0.000010758053,0.00012045275,0.0000019912432,0.0000023074476,0.000037926206,0.000021403997],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991119,0.000007573492,0.00038265545,0.000067207926,0.00016235598,0.00026830917],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992954,0.000024582536,0.00007059361,0.00012395973,0.00016459293,0.00032085614],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016484504,0.00013741241,0.00022965885,0.00035489592,0.00004979718,0.000014900989,0.00014987969,0.000065246335,0.00004283669],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000021393804,0.0001550267,0.00005821953,0.00023963189,0.000027344213,0.00020353295,0.000006194088,0.00024379183,0.0000021498058],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000041062976,0.000008036189,0.0041619763,0.0001844306,0.000059999693,0.00009772663,0.00046580657,0.9570766,0.03663293,0.00012471555,0.0009108123,0.00027285732],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00059360644,0.00028244805,0.070669174,0.00036377428,0.000036687146,0.00042693032,0.0000525601,0.91553783,0.00805837,0.0000062363947,0.0036227177,0.00034963444],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000070055874,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0022739982,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0665072,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002453483,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000394181,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6321806},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1908236297","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20309","title":"Semi‐theoretical prediction of volumetric mass transfer coefficients in bubble columns with organic liquids at ambient and elevated temperatures","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Dimensionless quantity; Ethylbenzene; Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Decalin; Nitrobenzene; Toluene; Benzene; Volume (thermodynamics); Cyclohexane; Tetralin; Mass transfer; Acetone; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Bubble; Solvent; Chromatography; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.0016877718790975077,"score_gpt":0.13951296072029085,"score_spread":0.13782518884119332,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1908236297","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9969463,0.000114218135,0.0026028582,0.000039760205,0.00018077118,0.000071309136,0.000015692305,0.000013023738,0.000016071783],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99971724,0.000006068808,0.0001891324,0.0000073219626,0.00004052195,0.0000014714224,0.0000027340272,0.000029175262,0.0000063339435],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99927765,0.0000058110763,0.0002605424,0.000071251445,0.00014129409,0.00024346335],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995253,0.0000453364,0.000015732443,0.0000929329,0.0000683449,0.00025235178],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020719526,0.0001129397,0.00018076901,0.00021550238,0.000026937125,0.000026143094,0.00012882144,0.000097526965,0.000034696743],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000069950875,0.00008948299,0.00002964064,0.00039038557,0.000091111586,0.000045332818,0.0000060458833,0.00051899673,2.7017938e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012141933,0.0000044913663,0.0009363876,0.00003419765,0.000025234223,0.000012797851,0.00017633285,0.04444295,0.9538174,0.0005102648,0.000016110316,0.000011662278],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00074279646,0.00008591941,0.0013561137,0.00013635124,0.00003910568,0.00021269679,0.000013343226,0.4353323,0.5617787,0.000025360905,0.000119863704,0.00015740543],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000094247094,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00053442706,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3920387,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015939129,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000083666855,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.364901},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1915775206","doi":"10.3968/j.aped.1925543820130602.1803","title":"Numerical Study of Oil Flow in Tee Junction with Leaks","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Advances in petroleum exploration and development","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Streamlines, streaklines, and pathlines; Leak; Body orifice; Mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Work (physics); Computer simulation; Materials science; Petroleum engineering; Geology; Engineering; Mechanical engineering; Physics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.007051652709035436,"score_gpt":0.200481332937702,"score_spread":0.19342968022866658,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1915775206","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8910229,0.00053155475,0.10620692,0.00003256893,0.0001887111,0.00012792068,2.0573415e-7,0.000051759645,0.0018374576],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9932527,0.00030830424,0.006220315,0.000009125574,0.000006966355,0.00014566541,0.0000054823972,0.0000096195545,0.000041797695],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994284,0.000011047962,0.00022912423,0.00011600794,0.000108932225,0.000106487234],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998638,0.000012717669,0.00002166317,0.000058222053,0.000019971305,0.000023606895],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006229668,0.00008731941,0.00012362789,0.00012820002,0.000019314211,0.000014156135,0.000030492858,0.000020550235,0.000008409972],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000042687548,0.00007572699,0.0000040141044,0.00013340387,0.000008676371,0.00053424493,0.000009784711,0.00006934393,0.0000057709713],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001503169,0.00010242182,0.014651644,0.000039163508,0.000006270914,0.0000020683487,0.0028040253,0.84116447,0.00016210444,0.0000481565,0.000007308694,0.14099732],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0017175794,0.00018260305,0.019313872,0.00008564476,0.0000021213223,0.000001942991,0.005772638,0.9698983,0.0004031992,0.000111899106,0.0022663563,0.00024388284],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000021043892,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00052881014,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.14075343,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005716804,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013309126,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3088057},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1919353046","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22282","title":"Effect of orifice size and bond number on bubble formation characteristics: A CFD study","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Body orifice; Mechanics; Liquid bubble; Volume of fluid method; Computational fluid dynamics; Materials science; Volume (thermodynamics); Pinch; Chemistry; Physics; Thermodynamics; Mechanical engineering; Flow (mathematics); Engineering","score_opus":0.004630440613649721,"score_gpt":0.18615347971919516,"score_spread":0.18152303910554543,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1919353046","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9991233,0.00008473164,0.00018868395,0.000022753948,0.00022858469,0.000082038016,0.0000037445918,0.0000106059415,0.00025559307],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99975854,0.0000016358546,0.000108347434,0.000006751577,0.0000977008,0.0000018352335,7.3184054e-7,0.00001905691,0.000005392777],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994391,0.000010169162,0.0002357188,0.000039758663,0.000120976256,0.00015426391],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999412,0.00014528118,0.00004422847,0.000088522575,0.000054246535,0.00025569697],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004525559,0.000101898135,0.00019455315,0.000052517265,0.000017038145,0.000032063075,0.0001075954,0.000041258965,0.0000046079563],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002653262,0.00007705446,0.000032088596,0.00008105649,0.000014353795,0.0000865444,0.0000066869184,0.00022212195,0.0000022030629],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004265714,0.00009749383,0.007810883,0.0016855366,0.0008543778,0.00042453178,0.017516652,0.2230676,0.72866416,0.0024008933,0.0030612939,0.013990011],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0057969466,0.00161261,0.003013897,0.0010232959,0.0004040476,0.0010422685,0.00033969176,0.63329566,0.35004616,0.00020273363,0.0021899433,0.0010327675],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00015384292,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000036402893,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.41022804,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013778049,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000041726445,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.31421894},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1925038983","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22295","title":"Numerical analysis of the interphase forces in bubble columns using euler‐euler modelling framework","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos","keywords":"Drag; Lift (data mining); Eulerian path; Mechanics; Bubble; Turbulence; Representation (politics); Euler's formula; Drag coefficient; Context (archaeology); Euler equations; Classical mechanics; Physics; Computer science; Mathematics; Mathematical analysis; Theoretical physics; Thermodynamics; Geology","score_opus":0.016101172067277732,"score_gpt":0.20938370003340262,"score_spread":0.19328252796612488,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1925038983","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8832444,0.00054895744,0.11558935,0.00006119407,0.00042774944,0.000041138464,0.000005532544,0.00000791181,0.00007374433],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9963218,0.0000026660812,0.0035394582,0.00001805608,0.00008757996,9.1580034e-7,9.5260305e-7,0.000026412636,0.0000021334856],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989875,0.000013049749,0.00043604508,0.00007170409,0.0001892303,0.00030249803],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99921834,0.00013748965,0.00007324424,0.00018782799,0.00008391123,0.00029919433],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003335532,0.00013247592,0.00032937794,0.0002986503,0.000026682415,0.000042060856,0.0003952932,0.00009959569,0.0000133151],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002210305,0.00009858757,0.00018559102,0.00093165925,0.000041454427,0.00009058892,0.000019196654,0.00053795346,3.0779978e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003616348,0.000003225518,0.00044372413,0.000012916518,0.00017231354,0.000008535265,0.0006431128,0.99319935,0.005111593,0.00033946268,0.00002249564,0.00003968012],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001352712,0.000006222388,0.000037033205,0.0001611024,0.00014261801,0.000019249579,0.000033262833,0.9955463,0.0035653687,0.00016263028,0.000081960796,0.00010901295],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0024490673,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005019885,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1130774,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00040521982,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00017671318,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4020284},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1936379028","doi":"","title":"Verification of a Bubble Curtain Model Using an Impulse Response Function for a Towed Source","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian acoustics","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Impulse response; Bubble; Impulse (physics); Source model; Acoustics; Function (biology); Computer science; Simulation; Physics; Geology; Engineering; Mechanics; Mathematics; Classical mechanics; Mathematical analysis","score_opus":0.01291599782241718,"score_gpt":0.21874449397828558,"score_spread":0.2058284961558684,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1936379028","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5469593,0.000010222116,0.4526293,0.00000698572,0.00018793304,0.00008988809,0.00006942867,0.000019422036,0.000027564747],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9819033,0.0000023032817,0.01783149,0.000029761748,0.000063488405,0.000008288276,0.000032354892,0.00003792514,0.00009110063],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99949634,0.00000699422,0.00013568482,0.00009993548,0.00004912535,0.00021190844],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994528,0.000029271121,0.000021821563,0.00021465069,0.000086395004,0.00019503124],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020332266,0.00008161376,0.000085377505,0.00014865842,0.000067009896,0.000021481665,0.000077082695,0.00010599893,0.000008057309],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009532701,0.000102046055,0.000026950878,0.000090964444,0.000018784978,0.00007232536,0.0000037185077,0.00010466802,0.0000010515632],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018888355,0.000002885011,0.0000070658452,0.000013685095,0.0000040057757,2.8387174e-7,0.00011639427,0.50506073,0.4931403,0.00018954492,0.000066203575,0.0013800022],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00015330198,0.00002813545,0.00034153805,0.0000070872507,0.000029328503,0.0000023021212,0.000081343765,0.9979783,0.0005222567,0.00028203698,0.00046224016,0.00011211718],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0025602363,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0073107453,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.49291757,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013093166,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00026270366,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.41613173},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1937882432","doi":"10.1002/jctb.704","title":"Gas–liquid mass transfer in a 15 cm diameter reciprocating plate column","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Reciprocating motion; Plate column; Mass transfer; Countercurrent exchange; Materials science; Mass transfer coefficient; Bubble; Mechanics; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chemistry; Chromatography; Physics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.005117642017818198,"score_gpt":0.194813416800212,"score_spread":0.1896957747823938,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1937882432","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.966783,0.0015185655,0.02880736,0.0016652007,0.00029725657,0.00013502197,0.0000029415485,0.00035946406,0.00043123052],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97917694,0.00057709496,0.02006913,0.00006702298,0.00002947434,0.000014683027,9.0265434e-7,0.000056499626,0.000008232401],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9980717,0.000022283384,0.0008892056,0.00025345723,0.0001502688,0.0006130964],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99933445,0.00007292889,0.00009576158,0.00034743172,0.000075170836,0.00007423611],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00038310714,0.0002722965,0.0006339434,0.0010990885,0.000027327686,0.000013314997,0.0005461604,0.0016082469,0.000033267905],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00039360177,0.00027154927,0.00014347304,0.0010658432,0.00029490396,0.00010417965,0.000044532262,0.00192033,0.000011417958],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003288497,0.000046000016,0.00018342299,0.00003132755,0.000064754735,0.0001361153,0.000032273667,0.00017976889,0.9871368,0.0059713637,0.000083780826,0.006101509],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009717582,0.00025469388,0.000004111762,0.00012783323,0.000026352871,0.00074596424,0.00010140578,0.0027487816,0.9826793,0.0077532525,0.004304951,0.00028160698],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000014442586,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005481929,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.012394003,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022227687,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000046069967,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99997365},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1939366494","doi":"10.1002/jctb.3917","title":"Dynamic and local gas holdup studies in external loop recirculating airlift reactor with two rolls of fiberglass packing using electrical resistance tomography","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Airlift; Bioreactor; Distributor; Sparging; Materials science; Mass transfer; Nuclear engineering; Chromatography; Chemistry; Mechanical engineering; Engineering","score_opus":0.010138728770193483,"score_gpt":0.25261361164371765,"score_spread":0.24247488287352417,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1939366494","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9478163,0.019732708,0.031813,0.000274716,0.00012090781,0.000093208226,0.0000015486096,0.00013415358,0.000013439388],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.94320667,0.0007577228,0.055952616,0.000011412909,0.00002973595,0.0000033641022,3.463831e-7,0.000036964997,0.0000011458544],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9980707,0.000023929466,0.00088078645,0.00022136944,0.0001993849,0.00060381804],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990228,0.00012274673,0.0003678546,0.0002851286,0.00012496242,0.000076508695],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00039106046,0.0002773928,0.00079155655,0.001240456,0.000029280302,0.000009081197,0.00034916273,0.0007117212,8.421699e-7],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020489389,0.00024264271,0.00009388402,0.00128831,0.00069854816,0.00021556459,0.0001418416,0.0013327367,2.149642e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000057529116,0.00006350546,0.016640952,0.000097434,0.00017135183,0.000089970126,0.00007316002,0.0003320194,0.9622121,0.0025632458,0.000004480342,0.017694255],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0022542055,0.00028010874,0.00080139056,0.0013722812,0.00014877235,0.002981017,0.00046221568,0.04345121,0.9388553,0.008708152,0.00008914393,0.00059619773],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002701714,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009696743,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.04311919,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002726299,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000028366909,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9894682},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1951842295","doi":"10.24908/pceea.v0i0.4039","title":"TOOLS FOR THE DESIGN OF MULTIPHASE PROCESSING OPERATIONS","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the Canadian Engineering Education Association (CEEA)","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"","keywords":"Obstacle; Coalescence (physics); Computer science; Breakage; Multiphase flow; Population; Process (computing); Management science; Industrial engineering; Engineering; Mechanics; Physics","score_opus":0.021716495983558983,"score_gpt":0.20377102760256147,"score_spread":0.18205453161900248,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1951842295","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.62320185,0.0037462723,0.32730615,0.005057698,0.012478554,0.010908784,0.00049842946,0.0010313946,0.01577087],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98361325,0.000017176584,0.015743257,0.000045494526,0.000078565405,0.00015724894,0.0000042838733,0.000034969362,0.00030573472],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993222,0.0000024601404,0.00025171295,0.00009050384,0.00012954148,0.00020362547],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991716,0.00008741723,0.000096341755,0.00007860932,0.00049126864,0.000074750285],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003798025,0.000107584674,0.00011540751,0.00013395619,0.00015805526,0.0000768695,0.0002579293,0.00008525604,0.000008716991],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00082889484,0.00008955122,0.00006384539,0.0002824161,0.000013287624,0.00028075842,0.000009553314,0.00010786044,9.064534e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013278248,0.00016991318,0.006867212,0.0014755458,0.0004779629,6.271843e-8,0.016583283,0.79562074,0.09490867,0.04185983,0.01690989,0.025113605],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00020836329,0.00001579049,0.011284744,0.00014031338,0.00008593866,0.000001358433,0.000490569,0.97082174,0.013382596,0.0001319609,0.0032301128,0.00020650853],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00164801,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001576407,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3604114,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000588779,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000324838,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.36517927},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1963535736","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20259","title":"Computational modelling of industrial pulp stock chests","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Impeller; Pulp (tooth); Computational fluid dynamics; Mechanics; Orthotropic material; Fluent; Mechanical engineering; Materials science; Computer science; Pulp and paper industry; Engineering; Structural engineering; Physics; Finite element method","score_opus":0.015893599085085648,"score_gpt":0.17611774818490628,"score_spread":0.16022414909982063,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1963535736","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97456324,0.000103322665,0.024451882,0.00007238638,0.0006226663,0.00003789853,0.0000069647567,0.000012984604,0.00012867445],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9963091,7.254682e-7,0.0033463428,0.000006833767,0.00030798506,6.309547e-7,0.0000018422857,0.000023436998,0.0000030774052],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.999332,0.000002840349,0.0002924842,0.000042306772,0.0001334269,0.00019691004],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99947834,0.00007035715,0.000045504446,0.00008465275,0.00007904442,0.00024207892],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020044853,0.00009522917,0.00015580849,0.00015370111,0.000025012458,0.000025572412,0.0002244877,0.00010161157,0.00001748053],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000064058906,0.00008242384,0.00007206524,0.00015080126,0.000034557055,0.000066571425,0.0000068014983,0.00068112987,8.59392e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000015729079,0.000001380541,0.000047989597,0.000009837106,0.000027181939,0.000005122934,0.00010686623,0.9543549,0.04363732,0.0012664555,0.00006858624,0.0004728283],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00019475406,0.0000064897777,0.000012939205,0.000045226097,0.0000128896145,0.000070913855,0.000002645323,0.9844255,0.014546173,0.000307845,0.000286183,0.000088459106],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001873798,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000078149744,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.030070623,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006870932,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018373082,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.33611465},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1963601346","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20626","title":"Prediction of liquid height for onset of slug flow","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Slug flow; Reynolds number; Stratified flow; Flow (mathematics); Mechanics; Slug; Liquid flow; Thermodynamics; Geotechnical engineering; Two-phase flow; Geology; Materials science; Physics","score_opus":0.011599891582155453,"score_gpt":0.15613911451783166,"score_spread":0.1445392229356762,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1963601346","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9784893,0.0005672093,0.020025656,0.000026151283,0.00047033114,0.00007846424,0.00008210627,0.000013875231,0.00024694315],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.995311,0.0000064566457,0.0045597623,0.000004567064,0.000087209475,0.0000018568064,0.0000025384154,0.00002247827,0.000004080407],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99940586,0.0000026884913,0.00031493205,0.000036036043,0.00007374037,0.00016675914],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99956554,0.00004106798,0.000051404888,0.00009855165,0.00008623101,0.00015721485],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017430566,0.00008078008,0.00017132027,0.00010828688,0.000013384957,0.0000041326557,0.00017255299,0.0000615818,0.000016787715],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006718121,0.000067432244,0.00009809062,0.0000837398,0.000027835229,0.0000527586,0.000004740964,0.0001487533,2.300682e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007551752,0.000014771774,0.000129261,0.00044064174,0.00033067475,0.000014697157,0.0021509908,0.27558476,0.71687657,0.002440666,0.0009890649,0.00095237384],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00033998353,0.00011138029,0.0001516493,0.0002102144,0.0000595025,0.00008516082,0.000014958025,0.44738728,0.55079913,0.00016964789,0.0005612452,0.00010981617],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00015765057,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000063688465,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.17180252,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007463351,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008336279,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.27498072},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1964364427","doi":"10.1016/j.cep.2005.04.003","title":"Axial mixing in a novel pilot scale gas–liquid reciprocating plate column","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering and Processing - Process Intensification","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"","keywords":"Reciprocating motion; Mechanics; Mixing (physics); Dispersion (optics); Bubble; Materials science; Flow (mathematics); Axial compressor; Work (physics); Volumetric flow rate; Boundary value problem; Range (aeronautics); Thermodynamics; Mathematics; Physics; Optics; Mathematical analysis; Composite material","score_opus":0.011695435782502268,"score_gpt":0.21861911880486987,"score_spread":0.2069236830223676,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1964364427","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9072382,0.00099514,0.09035317,0.00016116825,0.00012388683,0.00017015914,0.00000423726,0.00057396595,0.0003800616],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98775333,0.000039060284,0.011694122,0.000052668795,0.00021828178,0.00011814553,0.000026240057,0.00008125916,0.000016876069],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985,0.0000038224057,0.00048379766,0.00039861735,0.0001718132,0.00044196483],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994612,0.00004824962,0.000060777526,0.00015366968,0.00015020689,0.00012591117],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024450623,0.0002830573,0.00028236004,0.00018079935,0.00007571749,0.000115154304,0.00016796298,0.00015019412,0.0000035823737],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00019218637,0.00032221593,0.000029632303,0.00042693192,0.00004734259,0.00036917347,0.000033189892,0.00045048547,0.0000043591776],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000051104184,0.000055028657,0.000057357694,0.0008614971,0.000010199596,0.0000011644823,0.0016289913,0.09222512,0.8800392,0.000089773675,0.000013029535,0.024967521],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00042437133,0.000028261029,0.00006644154,0.00058346,0.00001164831,0.00003604079,0.000100681355,0.88053083,0.11760255,0.000036811398,0.00021869711,0.00036018767],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009496424,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000050948797,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.78830576,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019546653,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000046498,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999923},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1964466336","doi":"10.1016/j.ces.2007.08.081","title":"CFD simulation of gas–liquid contacting in tubular reactors","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Science","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Dalhousie University","keywords":"Computational fluid dynamics; Materials science; Process engineering; Petroleum engineering; Chemical engineering; Nuclear engineering; Mechanical engineering; Environmental science; Engineering; Mechanics; Physics","score_opus":0.005296699353690407,"score_gpt":0.2145409571008229,"score_spread":0.2092442577471325,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1964466336","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9424067,0.000057408557,0.05672966,0.0000025414793,0.00018491369,0.000048223334,6.1352944e-7,0.00010770738,0.00046222052],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997668,0.0000023437244,0.002277453,0.0000032554572,0.000029931862,0.0000010993645,0.0000010762285,0.000015387914,0.00000142159],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990839,9.2205204e-7,0.00024978205,0.00014709975,0.00019274291,0.0003255954],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996131,0.00011711356,0.00001852233,0.00013487124,0.00003484266,0.00008156344],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004868094,0.000096832904,0.00012552952,0.00019567486,0.000013548079,0.000011905991,0.00017616939,0.000053876945,0.0000030838455],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00029199995,0.00010693384,0.000026152442,0.00062480755,0.00004796727,0.00017571895,0.000031302458,0.00015334667,0.0000013881979],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000019035797,0.0000030983422,0.00008632704,0.000019605415,8.29511e-7,0.0000017737779,0.000072292685,0.41257694,0.5868115,0.00016892991,2.4791214e-7,0.0002565871],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000062554165,0.0000053726553,0.00028516978,0.000038617974,8.9777853e-7,0.0000011524461,0.000007801047,0.5570435,0.4424595,0.0000052169307,0.000019075758,0.0000711256],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009194703,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.4776415e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.14446658,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001602541,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014804555,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.43606356},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1965243659","doi":"10.1002/cjce.21843","title":"An improved method for applying the lockhart–martinelli correlation to three‐phase gas–liquid–solid horizontal pipeline flows","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Syncrude","keywords":"Slurry; Pressure gradient; Mechanics; Pressure drop; Flow (mathematics); Two-phase flow; Pipeline (software); Phase (matter); Materials science; Geology; Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Physics; Mechanical engineering; Engineering","score_opus":0.006572126452882075,"score_gpt":0.22444844923749507,"score_spread":0.217876322784613,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1965243659","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.34679204,0.00019566652,0.6515854,0.00036741915,0.00048031242,0.0005082262,0.0000130001345,0.00003594754,0.000021977476],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9803845,0.0000016439025,0.01864037,0.00009944126,0.00068476825,0.00010404084,0.000008815331,0.000069919275,0.000006493914],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99881166,0.00001124997,0.00046323295,0.00011442688,0.00013054276,0.00046886512],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99882245,0.00015326336,0.00006205168,0.00024002527,0.00015614173,0.00056605414],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005335982,0.00020511127,0.00024482972,0.00012643277,0.000113936585,0.00013251891,0.00040996776,0.000095481744,0.000029557952],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000161128,0.00014594376,0.00012776577,0.00018772602,0.000016786511,0.00019206828,0.00001360451,0.00043018398,0.0000064225146],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012971225,0.000004080982,0.0000017372794,0.000015967064,0.000029089237,0.0000021357832,0.00018310356,0.42331824,0.56594455,0.000115499635,0.0003477751,0.010024849],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00040591796,0.00010449113,0.0000039713195,0.000044114044,0.00003837444,0.000059149937,0.000026481994,0.96096736,0.036514122,0.00011434848,0.0015402506,0.00018139069],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009279005,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00092152273,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6335925,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022902212,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009838915,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5951414},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1965379987","doi":"10.1021/ie0494925","title":"Enhanced Oxygen Mass Transfer in an External Loop Airlift Bioreactor Using a Packed Bed","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":39,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Airlift; Bioreactor; Mass transfer; Packed bed; Aeration; Mass transfer coefficient; Oxygen; Chemistry; Chromatography; Limiting oxygen concentration; Materials science; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chemical engineering","score_opus":0.06909878651927077,"score_gpt":0.3110178521237012,"score_spread":0.24191906560443044,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1965379987","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9963802,0.00016693021,0.0024357114,0.000027873511,0.00019507084,0.00025806544,0.00002705296,0.00024277267,0.00026631416],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979862,0.000028420009,0.00043496888,0.0000029816945,0.0012773828,0.000040199746,0.000024980234,0.00011221403,0.00009267248],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99757314,0.0000328637,0.00045435876,0.0004014299,0.0005378598,0.0010003211],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99907744,0.000098185854,0.000012016153,0.00040055712,0.000090437985,0.00032136793],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00068787293,0.00031083182,0.0003237364,0.00023463822,0.000059647966,0.00014023374,0.00044000914,0.00047485053,0.00014363296],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011331534,0.0003613194,0.000084259664,0.0006363509,0.00004800442,0.00029342313,0.00004617901,0.0015163228,0.000013901333],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003160817,0.00003334196,0.00008229796,0.00005812963,0.000020607225,0.000025852789,0.00014128016,0.12941383,0.86830014,0.0000160687,0.000014812413,0.0018620405],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00091348664,0.000016671438,0.000044044973,0.00015002748,0.000004775619,0.000005842478,0.00003806977,0.3654833,0.6327789,0.000004505647,0.00029230714,0.00026807497],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000063436775,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000118055395,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2360695,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00062792096,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000119836994,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998839},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1965650883","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450810344","title":"Using CFD to Describe the Hydrodynamics of Internal Air‐lift Reactors","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Computational fluid dynamics; Mechanics; Turbulence; Lift (data mining); Drag; Range (aeronautics); Materials science; Physics; Computer science","score_opus":0.009155223097326791,"score_gpt":0.18195401248783227,"score_spread":0.17279878939050547,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1965650883","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9806885,0.00032621823,0.017817454,0.00008714982,0.00060977344,0.00005993497,0.0000056744,0.000012630934,0.00039263186],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99763334,0.000002558995,0.0021503211,0.00005103768,0.000114788294,7.032237e-7,3.3118985e-7,0.000040136558,0.000006810293],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99908787,0.000011626947,0.00036666053,0.00006108028,0.00015295196,0.00031980296],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992949,0.000077531105,0.000054991342,0.00018195841,0.00007254473,0.00031812108],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000353196,0.00014468656,0.00020037798,0.0001433361,0.00004122649,0.000031588184,0.00037664807,0.00006383661,0.000010970635],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00023064576,0.00010220261,0.000113592134,0.00023299159,0.000039063172,0.00007117647,0.000012813454,0.00043405875,0.0000011693589],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000020696702,0.000001774968,0.00008681721,0.00001851589,0.000058748326,0.00001379474,0.0004061714,0.79181015,0.2053997,0.0020019081,0.00008374941,0.00011656225],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00026340026,0.000027476419,0.00011376499,0.000319399,0.00007203845,0.00053898257,0.00007265394,0.8850322,0.10951423,0.0002459906,0.0034860214,0.0003138735],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006460851,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003446017,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.09588548,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00031827524,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001482477,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.41677016},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1966134736","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2008.06.008","title":"CFD simulation of bubbly two-phase flow in horizontal pipes","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Journal","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":86,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Syncrude","keywords":"Bubble; Mechanics; Two-phase flow; Superficial velocity; Multiphase flow; Volume fraction; Volumetric flow rate; Flow (mathematics); Volume (thermodynamics); Population; Thermodynamics; Computational fluid dynamics; Materials science; Physics","score_opus":0.007032677401919228,"score_gpt":0.21572334418634093,"score_spread":0.2086906667844217,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1966134736","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7678579,0.0003187448,0.23134157,0.0000042227157,0.0002466088,0.000032193497,0.0000034138377,0.00006489815,0.00013041084],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98720443,0.000044102202,0.0125017585,0.0000026989358,0.00020302476,0.0000016795782,0.0000049230284,0.000032368454,0.0000049970267],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99920434,0.0000033322951,0.00033278973,0.00008162068,0.00014572273,0.0002321742],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999703,0.00005170034,0.000024785892,0.00008370211,0.000031752523,0.00010504873],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000090212816,0.00013298815,0.00019930658,0.0001423887,0.000018945753,0.000011179774,0.00010460949,0.00006999573,0.000017001254],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000066595545,0.00014131176,0.000076381075,0.00016090117,0.00001588009,0.00012534457,0.000015878642,0.00036116425,0.0000026982484],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005955546,0.000019651094,0.00004088839,0.000020246234,0.000009720042,0.00003431813,0.000095163145,0.67992187,0.31841603,0.000018524888,0.0000199321,0.0013977224],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010956395,0.0000200578,0.00010110733,0.00006684907,0.000004803433,0.00015733812,0.000004228176,0.9571591,0.041109018,0.000017822545,0.00012394584,0.0001400611],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000020076673,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.7377038e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.27730703,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011069987,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015296902,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.57625264},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1966868263","doi":"10.2514/1.13159","title":"One-Dimensional Drift-Flux Model at Reduced Gravity Conditions","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AIAA Journal","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ontario Tech University","funders":"","keywords":"Mechanics; Flux (metallurgy); Physics; Aerospace engineering; Materials science; Engineering","score_opus":0.008592596731854394,"score_gpt":0.20736974375432501,"score_spread":0.19877714702247062,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1966868263","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98384655,0.0001980159,0.009164463,0.00019838916,0.00043397697,0.00004582526,0.00003177799,0.000095089184,0.0059859063],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99431765,0.000015680896,0.0036578062,0.000066891174,0.00024682318,0.0000029270668,0.000045424335,0.000030196177,0.0016165916],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991987,0.0000114513,0.0002351018,0.00009666811,0.00019313557,0.0002649635],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996671,0.00002071393,0.000033477623,0.00011591292,0.000056371755,0.00010639911],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011083827,0.00011245832,0.00012715122,0.000086590255,0.00025942057,0.00004928814,0.00009421681,0.00006667532,0.00017429126],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000063199327,0.0001211691,0.000093917544,0.00007261332,0.000025999312,0.00013254382,0.000029670002,0.00028528366,0.000080503196],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000034660384,0.00002811506,0.00010228219,0.0000048598235,0.00002643329,0.00001577892,0.000024275334,0.68341,0.28409913,0.0046754703,0.027452836,0.00015734053],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004642183,0.000015194278,0.004642095,0.00003724485,0.000029133404,0.00027312356,0.0000042595293,0.9627607,0.0047109583,0.026110966,0.0007274631,0.00022464196],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000012478251,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000032364835,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2793882,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015764304,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000033001408,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.49411324},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1967089156","doi":"10.1016/j.compchemeng.2007.10.010","title":"Two-phase mass transfer coefficient prediction in stirred vessel with a CFD model","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computers & Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":167,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"","keywords":"Computational fluid dynamics; Impeller; Turbulence; Mechanics; Sauter mean diameter; Coalescence (physics); Fluent; Bubble; Eulerian path; Mass transfer coefficient; Mass transfer; Physics; Mathematics; Thermodynamics; Nozzle; Applied mathematics; Lagrangian","score_opus":0.0046659713026827865,"score_gpt":0.19135191752950922,"score_spread":0.18668594622682644,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1967089156","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.41330025,0.00005773216,0.58601445,0.0000063243024,0.00015082755,0.00008952441,0.0000058921332,0.00028016363,0.00009483435],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97067255,0.0000043859495,0.02913164,0.000015132821,0.00007375708,0.000010736573,0.000025594525,0.000059120124,0.000007093591],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99888766,0.000001976969,0.000278488,0.00023206905,0.00016404969,0.0004357446],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99962425,0.000043689502,0.0000068432096,0.00015986215,0.000020106327,0.00014525717],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012820611,0.00022283086,0.00020772153,0.00016546494,0.00001522577,0.000027429203,0.0001367684,0.00008435046,0.0000020110829],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000046933596,0.00023507106,0.000045777506,0.00028561876,0.0000166583,0.000089838446,0.000017222983,0.00028980497,0.0000021059623],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013302405,0.000029593717,0.000009973228,0.00005152463,0.000014388395,0.000020672776,0.0001477235,0.69709814,0.30132443,0.0001509829,0.000028294871,0.0011109601],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0017301851,0.000024401648,0.000023991528,0.00013247422,0.0000103024195,0.000012097027,0.000008134428,0.9649085,0.03282884,0.0000068571194,0.000072638155,0.00024158988],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003182374,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000010449965,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5573723,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019399505,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000112436655,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.95859194},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1967304086","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20645","title":"Visualisation research on characteristics of the cryogenic slug flow in vertical and inclined tubes","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","keywords":"Bubble; Tube (container); Mechanics; Slug flow; Position (finance); Flow (mathematics); Taylor number; Optics; Physics; Materials science; Geometry; Two-phase flow; Mathematics; Composite material","score_opus":0.03163573567159475,"score_gpt":0.2356103893205798,"score_spread":0.20397465364898504,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1967304086","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99934447,0.000104043116,0.00016432529,0.00007347639,0.00017093643,0.000044436958,0.00000313101,0.000004084513,0.00009108597],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99975723,0.000007528387,0.00013427601,0.0000123722,0.00006948148,0.0000011308524,4.3071267e-7,0.000015862004,0.0000017089878],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993375,0.000018436263,0.00025800907,0.000044551325,0.00013997465,0.00020156338],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995797,0.0001088943,0.0000113490505,0.00010584802,0.000058990565,0.0001351658],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004700801,0.00007039084,0.00012722942,0.00014020858,0.00002739727,0.0000148499885,0.00018922075,0.00006154652,0.000008770429],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002717962,0.00004865865,0.000036761794,0.00017467451,0.00006322912,0.000038898008,0.000016837115,0.00045687502,5.929066e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008019042,0.00003912739,0.006287067,0.0002636419,0.00014145208,0.0000708972,0.006558289,0.057704903,0.91259015,0.011824195,0.00016571736,0.004274367],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00047301984,0.00006831813,0.03304092,0.0004615943,0.000024348843,0.00006586528,0.000045856308,0.7723337,0.19269969,0.00048916833,0.000106274565,0.00019125355],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00026723233,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00017002369,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7198905,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014350592,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000082005856,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.19849199},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1967967936","doi":"10.1016/j.ces.2013.04.050","title":"An experimental study examining the relationship between bubble shape and rise velocity","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Science","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":82,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Bubble; Capillary action; Mechanics; Aspect ratio (aeronautics); Chemistry; Materials science; Physics; Composite material","score_opus":0.02441759233374094,"score_gpt":0.24594169886678546,"score_spread":0.22152410653304452,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1967967936","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99786,0.0001003399,0.0014887187,0.00000934386,0.000086135115,0.00016513726,8.7836565e-7,0.00020001072,0.000089434805],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99822754,5.136058e-7,0.0016506445,0.000004846711,0.0000581499,0.000035072495,9.688936e-7,0.000017337607,0.000004954696],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991943,0.000004755653,0.0001359172,0.00021327406,0.00018682747,0.00026493083],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99945813,0.00015119881,0.00000997414,0.00021752816,0.000019996223,0.0001431773],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00027944852,0.0001178804,0.00009556197,0.000055739863,0.0001306132,0.000155704,0.00030488483,0.000034939116,0.00000947898],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012843624,0.0000976867,0.000010979543,0.00030943876,0.00011834478,0.00040064822,0.000076755336,0.00019273438,0.000008448281],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[3.6826566e-7,0.000035858153,0.06674493,0.0000150589385,0.0000057867824,0.0000010171977,0.0016670395,0.016705377,0.9135387,0.00031049072,0.000017507278,0.000957859],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00011133636,0.000030669657,0.22992907,0.000011216393,0.000004124872,0.0000023824803,0.00024559518,0.7440543,0.025428496,0.000025637635,0.0000050652643,0.00015206051],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009994491,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.0625362e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8881102,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000680064,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001010266,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.39835483},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1968221970","doi":"10.1016/j.cep.2014.06.004","title":"Evaluation of mass transport performance in heterogeneous gaseous in-plane spiral reactors with various cross-section geometries at fixed cross-section area","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering and Processing - Process Intensification","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Pressure drop; Mass transfer; Reynolds number; Mechanics; Spiral (railway); Computational fluid dynamics; Laminar flow; Heat transfer; Heat exchanger; Duct (anatomy); Cross section (physics); Materials science; Chemistry; Geometry; Mechanical engineering; Physics; Engineering; Mathematics; Turbulence","score_opus":0.014019317082651219,"score_gpt":0.23413815005109914,"score_spread":0.22011883296844792,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1968221970","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98669004,0.00037176744,0.01234704,0.0000033569634,0.0001558192,0.00017713431,0.0000039203696,0.00015272564,0.00009818036],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993667,0.000037671314,0.00032682714,0.000003840394,0.000060625356,0.00006335544,0.000087951375,0.00004586682,0.000007173727],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99858636,0.000008711305,0.0004538987,0.00032911176,0.0003528539,0.00026908974],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99927026,0.00003627371,0.00009420251,0.00014060814,0.0004008461,0.000057796573],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006232106,0.00023059627,0.00026495155,0.00029572065,0.000049858845,0.000051494026,0.000086986634,0.00019810832,0.0000031996212],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017602346,0.00022992621,0.000023770015,0.0005075558,0.00006537734,0.00028625366,0.0000075572316,0.0002793458,3.9406834e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008726275,0.00002382412,0.043313656,0.0010320579,0.000011730011,0.0000011551006,0.00051398284,0.7055162,0.24387527,0.0000023268328,2.1314573e-7,0.005622326],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00061668037,0.000051930063,0.041626055,0.0003114325,0.00002628758,0.00004758504,0.0000159899,0.7991877,0.15785171,0.000018084413,0.000012960233,0.00023356266],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000020738744,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001769742,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.09367153,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00028649464,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000035539928,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9376119},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1969296199","doi":"10.1021/ie071393e","title":"CFD Simulation of Bubble Column Reactor Using Population Balance","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":74,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Mechanics; Turbulence; Bubble; Breakage; Sauter mean diameter; Coalescence (physics); Turbulence kinetic energy; Reynolds number; Population; Population balance equation; Reynolds stress; Dissipation; Bubble column reactor; Computational fluid dynamics; Thermodynamics; Energy balance; Physics; Materials science","score_opus":0.11843515492693556,"score_gpt":0.321450547116644,"score_spread":0.20301539218970843,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1969296199","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99809915,0.000108155386,0.0008174217,0.00000457808,0.00021705787,0.00015542134,0.000018871187,0.00014981574,0.0004295176],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999109,0.000021728865,0.00016402519,4.3693905e-7,0.00049212464,0.0000078361445,0.000040347266,0.000049876213,0.00011457558],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986183,0.000014616474,0.0003298025,0.00018503462,0.00045047342,0.00040175283],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99929065,0.00017223037,0.000031525564,0.0002609534,0.00013831953,0.000106327585],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00036744168,0.00014397857,0.00021776733,0.000104577695,0.000071369606,0.000023055634,0.0001723436,0.00026913406,0.000039454928],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00033790318,0.0001786591,0.000053648746,0.00051925215,0.000035348723,0.00013157951,0.000047299,0.0005830059,0.0000032154157],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006090659,0.000007157973,0.0010228858,0.00005414973,0.000011258892,0.0000046309633,0.000023417606,0.5292856,0.46943173,0.0000048897246,0.000053441865,0.000094754745],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00034402087,0.0000093209055,0.00044483077,0.000096940756,0.000003951708,0.000008816125,0.0000078677085,0.8426914,0.1557559,0.0000054279417,0.00049020676,0.00014131643],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00015927723,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.3219263e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.31367582,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003046806,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005957566,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7285507},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1969549627","doi":"10.1115/1.4024210","title":"Two-Phase Flow-Induced Forces on Piping in Vertical Upward Flow: Excitation Mechanisms and Correlation Models","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Mechanics; Piping; Dimensionless quantity; Two-phase flow; Flow (mathematics); Bubble; Momentum (technical analysis); Vibration; Physics; Materials science; Thermodynamics; Acoustics","score_opus":0.00937153870906904,"score_gpt":0.23241553902486417,"score_spread":0.22304400031579513,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1969549627","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5743628,0.00039954658,0.42446402,0.00022355145,0.00024877067,0.00011772038,8.899071e-7,0.000062237275,0.00012043448],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97969085,0.000115364586,0.020099714,0.000019611914,0.00003428508,0.000010118608,0.0000013569879,0.000022357897,0.0000063565953],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991608,0.000020338317,0.0003741946,0.000113108385,0.00013500756,0.00019655468],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996235,0.00007196867,0.000058750877,0.000107540305,0.00008798701,0.00005026608],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017994981,0.00012618197,0.0002355221,0.00054188777,0.00003454631,0.00003403835,0.00012177421,0.00021942632,0.000008085971],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007097699,0.00011738575,0.0000328778,0.00018805386,0.000020939036,0.000407256,0.000027304828,0.00041579804,0.0000032052842],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000028846396,0.00005232769,0.000029188828,0.0000542676,0.00006084234,0.000018931672,0.0002993726,0.7241245,0.2204575,0.027428567,0.00008262193,0.027363073],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011784267,0.00019828453,0.00011980878,0.00012787011,0.00002903107,0.000041257153,0.000112896305,0.9371766,0.004041439,0.056831926,0.000034310902,0.00010816401],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000065216364,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000054305992,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.405328,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000038226484,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015441765,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.47868523},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1969551848","doi":"10.1115/pvp2011-57103","title":"Two-Phase Flow Excitation Forces on a Vertical U-Bend Tube","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Dimensionless quantity; Materials science; Mechanics; Curvature; Homogeneous; Tube (container); Void (composites); Porosity; RADIUS; Flow (mathematics); Two-phase flow; Composite material; Geometry; Thermodynamics; Physics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.018039058810282824,"score_gpt":0.23713623783153268,"score_spread":0.21909717902124987,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1969551848","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7936878,0.000025273548,0.088020585,0.000009950795,0.00025326133,0.0000616551,0.0000021361175,0.00021181421,0.11772748],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.993596,0.000006061668,0.0061330367,0.00005227906,0.00003512218,0.000006490677,0.0000055592263,0.000015786427,0.00014962218],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996388,0.0000037540467,0.000088129884,0.00007698351,0.000060710605,0.00013165073],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998294,0.000018707207,0.0000020945515,0.00009030074,0.000010560794,0.00004893157],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000037217054,0.00006866036,0.000058424775,0.000041855394,0.00002072993,0.000012915709,0.000043791788,0.000027125603,0.0002653442],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009631636,0.000060691465,0.000026440766,0.00004497447,0.000008194322,0.00007248234,0.0000070652363,0.00005154905,0.00011490214],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016941136,0.0004223075,0.0002494613,0.00013502581,0.00017271629,0.00007872988,0.005616491,0.048366323,0.12766835,0.7231864,0.0042692837,0.089665495],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00053901976,0.0000784075,0.0003553126,0.000009583437,0.000006115972,0.0000016387039,0.00004798326,0.992289,0.0051200297,0.0012680425,0.00018565304,0.000099229226],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000224946,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003610187,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.94392264,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001844085,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000028342015,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.29053327},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1970190396","doi":"10.1061/(asce)0733-9372(2002)128:5(451)","title":"Neural Network Prediction of Air Stripping KLa","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa; Capital Regional District","funders":"","keywords":"Stripping (fiber); Mass transfer; Air stripping; Parametric statistics; Artificial neural network; Mass transfer coefficient; Chemistry; Process engineering; Environmental science; Mechanics; Chromatography; Computer science; Engineering; Environmental engineering; Mechanical engineering; Mathematics; Physics; Statistics; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.004109340579240192,"score_gpt":0.13502493295686097,"score_spread":0.13091559237762077,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1970190396","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9801027,0.0028289508,0.015758902,0.0000099292965,0.0009250177,0.000047516238,0.000012936829,0.000038808466,0.00027523795],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9971873,0.00046887549,0.0019904012,0.000006110216,0.00029405786,6.806997e-7,0.0000012817969,0.000030257559,0.00002101614],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99920875,0.0000046910627,0.00038608516,0.000053539534,0.00016671317,0.00018022646],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997497,0.000022606171,0.00007205287,0.00008244527,0.0000037242767,0.00006944078],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000094499665,0.00011499484,0.00017811275,0.00008614989,0.000018738187,0.000006426757,0.00009310128,0.00004963447,0.000070182985],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000064476503,0.00011994009,0.00010008641,0.000073035524,0.000011754044,0.00018679583,0.00001993038,0.00021418733,0.00000259474],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000016004567,0.000013841967,0.0006443191,0.000024291385,0.000043558954,0.0000101512,0.00005957571,0.9185315,0.07837493,0.000017079072,0.0001538196,0.0021253447],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002864298,0.00006766824,0.013636179,0.000077871795,0.000022843798,0.00009836203,0.000021495805,0.98342675,0.0011982719,0.0000045282845,0.0010681046,0.00009150404],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":3.650208e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":8.394973e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07717665,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010339344,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000010332268,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.48910147},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1970195486","doi":"10.1007/s12206-010-0419-z","title":"Parametric study of two-phase flow by integral analysis based on power law distribution","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Mechanics; Power law; Two-phase flow; Slug flow; Mathematics; Parametric statistics; Porosity; Flow (mathematics); Power-law fluid; Physics; Geology; Geotechnical engineering; Statistics","score_opus":0.003992813549435497,"score_gpt":0.25080304988979935,"score_spread":0.24681023634036384,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1970195486","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9642367,0.000018656745,0.035329524,0.00013349738,0.00017094615,0.00004889611,0.0000072749103,0.00002064333,0.000033861565],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99897176,0.000003992337,0.0009978756,0.000014743947,0.000005777111,0.0000010526797,8.1372e-7,0.0000032468974,7.112414e-7],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99912816,0.000008775555,0.00027678293,0.00011416109,0.00031062512,0.00016151048],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999455,0.00004867492,0.00008234512,0.00015366047,0.00018355192,0.00007679104],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007999568,0.00007371902,0.00022799321,0.0005842211,0.000058972015,0.000022411088,0.0002719178,0.00008727236,0.000012144549],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002833102,0.00005423137,0.00004534559,0.0026957341,0.00014991616,0.000088726076,0.000033227236,0.000416079,3.959693e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000052401425,0.0014839197,0.0009681492,0.0000068824356,0.00016117774,0.00003700144,0.000032808555,0.007273121,0.9109677,0.04566963,0.00012244082,0.03322473],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013992459,0.0017335786,0.00016152288,0.0000088106035,0.00013020857,0.00001414459,0.000120757155,0.95590174,0.038446557,0.0018337071,0.00014596326,0.000103793005],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000012259623,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006977474,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9486286,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000038030328,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000023076082,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2211491},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1970199162","doi":"10.1063/1.3371955","title":"The effect of gas-injector location on bubble formation in liquid cross flow","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physics of Fluids","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Mechanics; Bubble; Body orifice; Nozzle; Injector; Coalescence (physics); Particle image velocimetry; Physics; Liquid bubble; Microchannel; Volumetric flow rate; Velocimetry; Thermodynamics; Turbulence; Mechanical engineering","score_opus":0.003504863091903555,"score_gpt":0.21720897296691338,"score_spread":0.21370410987500982,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1970199162","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98884344,0.00005292624,0.010024089,0.000008929477,0.00030559208,0.00012363895,0.000004486348,0.000025287523,0.0006116014],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996805,0.000018230616,0.00019050554,0.000002157611,0.0000646014,0.000013951099,0.000009961961,0.00001451449,0.0000055769133],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995336,0.000011539829,0.00017643358,0.000056464964,0.00010786258,0.0001141054],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999605,0.00011094602,0.00002531943,0.00019632305,0.000047032492,0.000015383224],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001993273,0.00007859495,0.00011000248,0.000028869257,0.000029535868,0.000013743075,0.000107916196,0.000039382317,0.000001349803],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000035868215,0.00006180864,0.000039118808,0.0001399603,0.000029343199,0.00012998295,0.000013955914,0.000121134166,0.0000058472424],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000549385,0.000013955062,0.00020863664,0.00017196295,0.00000914553,1.4029212e-7,0.00025655367,0.11828392,0.86475,0.0044173417,0.000041229836,0.011792164],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00019329648,0.00014009922,0.0003563673,0.000029626764,0.00000289673,2.227293e-7,0.0000022685067,0.5058803,0.49302456,0.0002870516,0.00003942562,0.00004392846],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000022132172,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000026838596,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.38759634,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000022563527,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000622936,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2520483},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1970429680","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450810339","title":"Gas Holdup and Mass Transfer in a Three‐Phase Reversed Flow Jet Loop Slurry Reactor with Non‐Newtonian Fluids","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Major State Basic Research Development Program of China","keywords":"Slurry; Draft tube; Carboxymethyl cellulose; Mass transfer coefficient; Mass transfer; Jet (fluid); Newtonian fluid; Loop (graph theory); Non-Newtonian fluid; Materials science; Flow (mathematics); Chemistry; Phase (matter); Mechanics; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chromatography; Composite material; Physics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.005098040687857008,"score_gpt":0.1649709869609967,"score_spread":0.1598729462731397,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1970429680","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9750457,0.0006106081,0.023749128,0.00013087054,0.00015689568,0.00009457615,0.000009788745,0.000016619852,0.000185844],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9957926,0.000019229114,0.004035977,0.000030027484,0.00005953783,0.000003104579,0.0000014859127,0.0000516852,0.0000063244447],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99908334,0.000007809873,0.0002849295,0.00009879669,0.00012911917,0.00039599257],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993101,0.000045051493,0.000015168113,0.00014465416,0.0000371863,0.00044784418],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002514338,0.00019951611,0.00026573153,0.00017924652,0.000030728155,0.000055643308,0.00015581773,0.000099044504,0.000021859943],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000050141774,0.00015506157,0.000055932454,0.0002264535,0.000042735144,0.00012435255,0.0000028138186,0.0005367533,9.825202e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000028003558,0.000009907923,0.00049249036,0.000108609616,0.00010361873,0.00042063548,0.0007645895,0.09835432,0.89842886,0.00043431102,0.00009756702,0.0007570904],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0024192524,0.000077669225,0.000117060576,0.00041155977,0.000058331218,0.0004577468,0.000034571316,0.9397442,0.05478468,0.00009089877,0.0013970865,0.00040696707],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00023861488,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009929064,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8436442,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022200124,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00016916494,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6323228},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1970458133","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22005","title":"Parameters measurement of hydrodynamics and CFD simulation in multi‐stage bubble columns","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Computational fluid dynamics; Bubble; Mechanics; Tray; Stage (stratigraphy); Plate column; Superficial velocity; Flow (mathematics); Column (typography); Chemistry; Materials science; Chromatography; Geology; Geometry; Mechanical engineering; Physics; Engineering; Mathematics","score_opus":0.015070743768671645,"score_gpt":0.18935630923243585,"score_spread":0.1742855654637642,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1970458133","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97254807,0.00022063729,0.02698574,0.000028589458,0.00011910246,0.00004981089,0.0000026157222,0.0000074302066,0.00003800773],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982092,0.0000035298071,0.0017400825,0.0000067096958,0.000018409055,7.768042e-7,4.516957e-7,0.00001829613,0.0000025466452],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993793,0.0000073334363,0.00026799375,0.00004654691,0.000121821635,0.00017702786],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99961185,0.000059272214,0.000039644958,0.000082624625,0.000050535895,0.00015605595],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00041400563,0.00008512084,0.00016099939,0.00012280031,0.000014134392,0.000019662235,0.00010742239,0.00005149231,0.0000017540875],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001769639,0.00007831226,0.000035976565,0.000098599,0.000024152894,0.000053809348,0.0000062288386,0.00020688225,1.9371707e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000014398549,0.0000017330673,0.00025370266,0.000041076597,0.000014651076,0.0000017976851,0.00013068644,0.94492686,0.054187696,0.0001253581,0.0000024014555,0.00031259228],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00026162204,0.000010026546,0.00051774253,0.00009481878,0.000009433422,0.0000059448134,0.0000062419635,0.99463034,0.0042594667,0.000024199377,0.000100486955,0.00007967649],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006885264,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0016882046,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.04992823,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022608547,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000044831308,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.31934813},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1970748636","doi":"10.1002/aic.10341","title":"Numerical investigation of blade shape in static mixing","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AIChE Journal","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":67,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Mechanics; Laminar flow; Computational fluid dynamics; Pressure drop; Mixing (physics); Materials science; Volumetric flow rate; Newtonian fluid; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.008215687616982546,"score_gpt":0.20364873236044242,"score_spread":0.19543304474345988,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1970748636","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97827077,0.00021766794,0.020910442,0.00014370085,0.00013562082,0.000027323265,5.3668236e-7,0.000018349463,0.00027561057],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9928395,0.00006351191,0.006984089,0.000047678728,0.000045861012,7.845433e-7,9.871379e-7,0.000013511704,0.0000040850555],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994586,0.0000115544335,0.00024341677,0.00004332259,0.00010593944,0.00013715154],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99981886,0.00002121585,0.00003420734,0.000047414112,0.000018513945,0.000059808954],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016521962,0.000060724313,0.00010133546,0.00010135226,0.000019185843,0.000016375898,0.00006496207,0.00003444006,0.00001900667],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000028981067,0.00005976489,0.000028457318,0.00015279393,0.000013346891,0.00011702763,0.000006607534,0.00023450053,0.000005475603],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000037894276,0.000013496681,0.0068759946,0.00005436609,0.000023738838,0.000032926684,0.0017971549,0.8931503,0.09442469,0.00065923325,0.00008959629,0.0028746736],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012564254,0.000076674114,0.053519502,0.00037471988,0.000017102257,0.00017066296,0.0002198515,0.9163653,0.01414309,0.013532599,0.000087899985,0.00023617191],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000019049525,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008163351,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08028159,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000099626785,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000034430355,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.24371414},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1971231386","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450790416","title":"Transition velocities and phase holdups at minimum fluidization in gas–liquid–solid systems","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Korea Science and Engineering Foundation","keywords":"Fluidization; Silicone oil; Materials science; Superficial velocity; Phase (matter); Polystyrene; SPHERES; Chromatography; Mechanics; Thermodynamics; Fluidized bed; Chemistry; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Polymer; Flow (mathematics); Composite material; Physics","score_opus":0.005827130329467855,"score_gpt":0.18019733367949547,"score_spread":0.17437020335002762,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1971231386","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99391556,0.0019146976,0.0036109951,0.00014746895,0.0002539522,0.00005730126,0.0000063986827,0.000017015187,0.00007658529],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99966043,0.00008018562,0.00006312335,0.000017175846,0.00014090686,0.0000024234128,0.000004305558,0.00002502029,0.000006454356],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99933976,0.0000069720923,0.00027612943,0.000054388212,0.00008872113,0.00023400706],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99963635,0.000033463868,0.000024417579,0.00006502541,0.000034860503,0.00020587513],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017410415,0.00010802888,0.00016362051,0.00016563572,0.000034429908,0.000044870027,0.00008969034,0.00007061967,0.0000071855147],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000028909904,0.00009837626,0.000032848227,0.00014157062,0.00002501549,0.000108568216,0.000004370824,0.00019122534,7.986729e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000020045076,0.0000036926567,0.000014219916,0.00007535211,0.000026885908,0.000102542894,0.0012383378,0.5038883,0.49398988,0.00024960292,0.0001185739,0.00027254588],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006958674,0.00003625755,0.000016187074,0.00022690893,0.000018440734,0.00057321304,0.00005813957,0.9705596,0.026924383,0.000020277615,0.00070546236,0.00016529541],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000272934,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00025487403,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.46706548,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00031976416,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000045808836,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.40116674},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1971579361","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450810303","title":"Suspension of Particles from the Bottom of Pipes and Stirred Tanks by Gassed and Ungassed Flows","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Suspension (topology); Mechanics; Shear stress; Shear (geology); Pipeline transport; Materials science; Geotechnical engineering; Engineering; Physics; Mechanical engineering; Composite material; Mathematics","score_opus":0.004207650464885163,"score_gpt":0.15182166202027964,"score_spread":0.14761401155539447,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1971579361","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9953882,0.0035907545,0.00066977745,0.00017188724,0.00010506137,0.000039296327,0.000014778383,0.0000052871096,0.000014963427],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99892265,0.000036708076,0.0009843108,0.000012384704,0.000024568784,4.6243633e-7,0.0000010077598,0.000015825864,0.0000020587904],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99944013,0.000012448662,0.0002508549,0.000048918675,0.000089480825,0.00015813524],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994772,0.0001785252,0.00004663033,0.00009589168,0.000039094022,0.00016262512],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020659875,0.000092083894,0.00018195032,0.000033955068,0.000024648923,0.000021473357,0.000105088824,0.000050057533,0.0000050460167],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015898368,0.00006330554,0.000033962162,0.00007890067,0.000043913857,0.000047215526,0.0000065977415,0.00020820038,7.7768746e-8],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000035638598,0.000002113449,0.00038184412,0.000019561163,0.000046046636,0.000003832468,0.00026633855,0.00957746,0.98888177,0.00024168985,0.00027353477,0.00030224095],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006945571,0.000029103201,0.0010109157,0.00022978788,0.00008107847,0.00005467958,0.000106748324,0.34743094,0.64890015,0.00048442744,0.00079669955,0.00018086909],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00051961327,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00029314432,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3399816,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000033935223,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000049004906,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2581525},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1971585833","doi":"10.1007/s00449-010-0454-2","title":"Macromixing hydrodynamic study in draft-tube airlift reactors using electrical resistance tomography","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Draft tube; Sparging; Mixing (physics); Airlift; Bioreactor; Mechanics; Materials science; Volumetric flow rate; Flow (mathematics); Shear rate; Flow velocity; Non-Newtonian fluid; Viscosity; Mechanical engineering; Chemistry; Engineering; Composite material; Physics","score_opus":0.00347235288694034,"score_gpt":0.18638721333483682,"score_spread":0.18291486044789648,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1971585833","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9963246,0.00096212124,0.0011825499,0.00000413387,0.0006764702,0.00034589533,0.000008408707,0.00035066827,0.0001451506],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988906,0.000022408893,0.00081328244,0.0000027962922,0.00014547656,0.000025406805,0.0000044134767,0.00007814221,0.00001751287],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.998387,0.000009392897,0.0005100177,0.00038223926,0.0001949988,0.0005163744],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99951595,0.00003111835,0.00004382061,0.00024192147,0.00003282084,0.0001343955],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032076586,0.00033483867,0.0003822993,0.0005014798,0.00007648487,0.00012587936,0.0001868307,0.00017799075,0.000002467],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002294024,0.0003351136,0.000058609312,0.00082850555,0.000018346556,0.00019650947,0.000042849904,0.00048367653,0.0000011229866],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001488986,0.00009643949,0.08851699,0.0008200491,0.000080075624,0.000090580455,0.00071160187,0.014278694,0.8942144,0.00054527534,0.000007048271,0.00062394846],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00060172565,0.000037303387,0.017389081,0.00019693209,0.000026432224,0.00004107295,0.0001861509,0.9779763,0.0024516757,0.000009726227,0.0004097598,0.00067380676],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00014297344,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007077627,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9636976,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000072651266,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014776337,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999101},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1971677422","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20465","title":"CFD simulation of stirred tanks: Comparison of turbulence models (Part II: Axial flow impellers, multiple impellers and multiphase dispersions)","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":129,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Impeller; Turbulence; Computational fluid dynamics; Mechanics; Baffle; Turbulence kinetic energy; Reynolds stress; Flow (mathematics); Dissipation; Turbulence modeling; Reynolds number; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Physics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.021578536016889457,"score_gpt":0.19915003820157826,"score_spread":0.1775715021846888,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1971677422","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98027027,0.00087453565,0.018357731,0.000016569265,0.0003055424,0.00008557395,0.000032772554,0.000013007935,0.0000440085],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99619776,0.000016010887,0.0036942859,0.0000031558636,0.00005481731,7.193754e-7,0.000003141524,0.000026260512,0.0000038455505],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99905294,0.000007628776,0.00048097144,0.000079277306,0.00013969607,0.00023949689],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992599,0.00011765076,0.00010078353,0.00013820805,0.000089780995,0.00029369164],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016021839,0.00014941068,0.00030053165,0.00014386908,0.000045130815,0.0000103567745,0.00020212364,0.00009076962,0.000016281188],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011953613,0.00012993859,0.00009125657,0.000121877696,0.000073850424,0.00014347187,0.000021609892,0.00027286398,2.3468344e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000019469735,0.000009416195,0.00012128606,0.00004872639,0.000051525014,0.0000034494892,0.0022816565,0.9491669,0.047495905,0.00004122283,0.000053691198,0.0007067547],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00045534314,0.00003408465,0.00003107286,0.00014635058,0.000035662284,0.000009774136,0.00009354619,0.9670534,0.031936657,0.00004262532,0.00003667425,0.00012478491],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005668715,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00017611538,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01788653,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009354215,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007038321,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.52987415},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1972692365","doi":"10.1115/1.1384568","title":"Two-Equation Turbulence Modeling for Impeller Stirred Tanks","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Fluids Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":45,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Impeller; Turbulence; Reynolds number; Mechanics; Computational fluid dynamics; Physics; Flow (mathematics)","score_opus":0.014292507083097835,"score_gpt":0.21787119575165265,"score_spread":0.2035786886685548,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1972692365","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.22900964,0.0012736697,0.7680832,0.00003170846,0.0013227328,0.00007923529,0.0000023803777,0.0000722168,0.00012521318],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.95837826,0.00041419084,0.040541116,0.000011834062,0.00051464787,0.000005246374,0.0000025485033,0.00005948079,0.000072650306],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99895257,0.0000040763935,0.00048482924,0.00008885984,0.00018548736,0.0002841819],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99953663,0.00005524346,0.000044301072,0.00011685417,0.00014263493,0.00010435472],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003174776,0.00016631008,0.00022920885,0.00022225869,0.00003527996,0.000050001992,0.0001603952,0.00006731181,0.000010057198],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000080434154,0.00016689523,0.00013761104,0.0001604067,0.000004421287,0.00031133927,0.000013565307,0.00021832374,0.0000027645667],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010834044,0.0000062080962,0.000017738439,0.00004816643,0.000033408734,0.000010439975,0.00009705117,0.91359043,0.083337985,0.00030249596,0.00017087853,0.0023743368],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00060048036,0.000048172606,0.000018819594,0.00012435892,0.00002855523,0.000101769954,0.000027647468,0.99672365,0.0010419999,0.00013234215,0.0009691922,0.0001830245],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002764278,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":9.307078e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7293686,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012947146,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000020620655,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.680579},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1972892844","doi":"10.1063/1.3259973","title":"Generalizations of the Young–Laplace equation for the pressure of a mechanically stable gas bubble in a soft elastic material","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Chemical Physics","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Laplace pressure; Isotropy; Surface tension; Mechanics; Maximum bubble pressure method; Laplace transform; Laplace's equation; Classical mechanics; Spherical shell; Thermodynamics; Equation of state; RADIUS; Deformation (meteorology); Physics; Shell (structure); Materials science; Mathematics; Mathematical analysis; Optics; Composite material; Differential equation","score_opus":0.008582273016068516,"score_gpt":0.2010259716207227,"score_spread":0.19244369860465418,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1972892844","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5332794,0.00024860626,0.46577096,0.00023994778,0.00020474686,0.00017932322,0.000019842302,0.000006094441,0.00005104795],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991057,0.000038350918,0.00069278793,0.000016937736,0.00012354477,0.0000011636209,0.0000014763316,0.0000092968785,0.0000107577125],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994521,0.000017395156,0.00025936903,0.000029303455,0.00014696678,0.00009486312],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99950653,0.00013430108,0.0001289354,0.0001215905,0.000094706615,0.000013960291],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002341923,0.000060636663,0.0001346882,0.000008234469,0.000024243955,0.00000891596,0.00023486509,0.00003276754,0.000005044028],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000060293572,0.00003319843,0.00006765888,0.00009653148,0.00002215352,0.000054801978,0.000019085488,0.00010921869,1.2568822e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000037464,0.000022550332,0.0000022947506,0.000020893956,0.000022891978,3.5818044e-8,0.00024866313,0.37967375,0.6176697,0.00197241,0.00015452887,0.0001747956],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003157701,0.000034407865,0.000026117914,0.000066590255,0.00011031969,0.0000038287185,0.000021152793,0.7036851,0.263639,0.032025576,0.000030266741,0.000041848878],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008644485,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000023550328,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.46582624,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001778758,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000026417818,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.13537927},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1973457901","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450780114","title":"Effects of oxygen supply condition and specific biofilm interfacial area on phenol removal rate in a three‐phase fluidized bed bioreactor","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Bioreactor; Phenol; Oxygen; Fluidized bed; Kinetics; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Reaction rate; Limiting oxygen concentration; Phase (matter); Materials science; Organic chemistry; Catalysis; Physics","score_opus":0.005360274239035698,"score_gpt":0.17906272722032862,"score_spread":0.17370245298129292,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1973457901","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.998637,0.00074787246,0.00018626527,0.00005821642,0.0001685983,0.00011362966,0.000020436511,0.000013942544,0.000053991196],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99963295,0.000042708616,0.00017105362,0.000014107005,0.00010129624,0.000002311442,0.000004570468,0.000028834058,0.0000021833011],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99924,0.000010535992,0.00032331893,0.00008144035,0.00009134664,0.00025336846],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995217,0.0001050336,0.00003594332,0.00009175725,0.000024730525,0.00022086264],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016459303,0.00015433578,0.00026140644,0.0002089345,0.000019058709,0.00003115302,0.00014683243,0.00008252574,0.000053563188],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004884462,0.00013120844,0.00006293189,0.00015336693,0.000044293276,0.00007448226,0.000005014544,0.00031767986,0.0000020798914],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000053516575,0.000009474499,0.0000099939,0.000052444877,0.000036844387,0.000121166166,0.00024330556,0.006330752,0.9897611,0.00015208502,0.00005662387,0.0031726635],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0027569085,0.0001098802,0.00039666804,0.0005659349,0.000032941894,0.00013420457,0.000007807696,0.117445596,0.8775969,0.00016814536,0.00052383146,0.0002611844],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00018505016,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00012151976,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.11216423,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017834395,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005075858,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5350525},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1973669695","doi":"10.1016/j.cherd.2013.02.027","title":"Using tomography to assess the efficiency of the coaxial mixers in agitation of yield-pseudoplastic fluids","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Process Safety and Environmental Protection","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Coaxial; Shear thinning; Impeller; Mixing (physics); Mechanics; Laminar flow; Newtonian fluid; Non-Newtonian fluid; Materials science; Power consumption; Yield (engineering); Rheology; Power (physics); Engineering; Mechanical engineering; Composite material; Physics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.01317513856848161,"score_gpt":0.1938739659051542,"score_spread":0.1806988273366726,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1973669695","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.87303823,0.000058152567,0.1262652,0.000026244015,0.00008250948,0.0004446304,0.000004551105,0.000007930061,0.000072552284],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9998307,0.000022460415,0.00008509241,0.000008289188,0.000008666628,0.00003311944,0.0000011541113,0.000008014227,0.0000024885387],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995332,0.000012897154,0.00017180233,0.00008391963,0.000106980544,0.000091212045],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999856,0.000021218231,0.000032669872,0.000067247354,0.0000064967276,0.000016355836],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009758931,0.000070480855,0.00007563691,0.000050485385,0.00006780584,0.00000826957,0.00006201016,0.000037450063,0.000007479768],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000017783212,0.00004964657,0.00002403247,0.00017632288,0.000056364694,0.00010766633,0.000023768718,0.00008758009,6.42869e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000020226831,0.000027174527,0.0026057246,0.00014391291,0.000007903653,4.9444274e-8,0.00087013165,0.5473077,0.4465208,0.000019895837,5.651971e-7,0.0024758978],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00021661796,0.00006514118,0.054045614,0.00012645368,0.000013696109,0.000004918422,0.00109793,0.9017231,0.04234944,0.0002350113,0.0000073142974,0.000114754286],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010557754,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000012791839,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.40417135,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000034704102,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000036193424,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.20245282},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1974085890","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450780215","title":"A new expression of the <i>Ks</i> factor for helical ribbon agitators","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Ribbon; Shear thinning; Mechanics; Newtonian fluid; Shear (geology); Non-Newtonian fluid; Shear rate; Mixing (physics); Flow (mathematics); Physics; Materials science; Geometry; Mathematics; Composite material; Rheology","score_opus":0.004260414364147927,"score_gpt":0.16233555101570693,"score_spread":0.158075136651559,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1974085890","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9941386,0.0006218559,0.00430574,0.0002526571,0.00037222236,0.00010291439,0.000026315038,0.000016602853,0.00016308505],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984867,0.0000052412606,0.0011928069,0.00003339545,0.00020062142,0.0000014496009,5.2077706e-7,0.000029189885,0.00005008314],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993302,0.0000041919275,0.0002621336,0.000049389982,0.00011780301,0.00023624858],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99944067,0.00007132364,0.000032556916,0.00013808248,0.000036685546,0.00028070656],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000834349,0.00010881298,0.00016049431,0.000045883582,0.00003368233,0.000023668546,0.00031816817,0.00007033638,0.00006805795],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006877041,0.00006978947,0.00014912296,0.000111556285,0.00002182627,0.000056486715,0.000006827452,0.00025708482,9.895617e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012255082,0.0000030515619,0.000035459132,0.00006848551,0.000043528948,0.000003685491,0.00056688924,0.20540777,0.7813745,0.00029470536,0.0026007732,0.009588893],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006653798,0.000031003736,0.00023612764,0.0004326182,0.000041850068,0.00008978343,0.000010695245,0.10846588,0.8689315,0.00029158156,0.020535693,0.00026793667],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001513194,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006606566,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.09694189,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010861436,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013471089,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.28459322},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1974246615","doi":"10.1080/00986440590473281","title":"Mass Transfer Studies in Stirred AirLift Reactor","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Communications","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Mass transfer; Agitator; Airlift; Phase (matter); Chromatography; Continuous stirred-tank reactor; Chemistry; Mass transfer coefficient; Bioreactor; Materials science; Analytical Chemistry (journal)","score_opus":0.030062591124999063,"score_gpt":0.25619043273777,"score_spread":0.2261278416127709,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1974246615","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.828975,0.016496457,0.14461668,0.0018776738,0.0007753418,0.00056354434,0.00004610236,0.0023089994,0.0043401555],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98112637,0.0008302436,0.017865304,0.000015448437,0.000026911883,0.000060964303,0.000025663789,0.00004055289,0.000008523241],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99936444,0.0000042840807,0.00023710422,0.000105387335,0.00007078196,0.00021802448],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991581,0.00010133219,0.000004934975,0.00064947153,0.000025250409,0.000060908988],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006976658,0.00014286237,0.00017884043,0.00009239141,0.000020911983,0.000012802541,0.00041282736,0.00007571991,0.000002444122],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006654662,0.0001604937,0.000050462542,0.00024827907,0.00005161062,0.00008421006,0.000058135563,0.0003328478,0.000011951877],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000001460694,0.00004056824,0.000020633033,0.00011104458,0.00006224424,0.0000035348924,0.000763433,0.27517918,0.7088019,0.014609962,0.00006306081,0.000342984],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0023579432,0.00002458352,0.00032676358,0.00094775506,0.000060476403,0.000023437738,0.00032637513,0.84631026,0.13470428,0.0030121438,0.010615572,0.0012904397],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008960113,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000813853,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.57409763,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023939059,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011883032,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.65447426},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1975066471","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20305","title":"Development of airlift bubble column dispersed with micro‐bubbles","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Draft tube; Tube (container); Inlet; Materials science; Bubble; Mass transfer; Ozone; Decomposition; Mechanics; Volumetric flow rate; Airlift; Flow (mathematics); Chromatography; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chemistry; Meteorology; Composite material; Engineering; Physics; Mechanical engineering","score_opus":0.0028786621667245445,"score_gpt":0.14519556352120216,"score_spread":0.1423169013544776,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1975066471","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99722224,0.00014384287,0.002007264,0.000052050727,0.0002658491,0.00004416041,0.0000037754378,0.000015620764,0.00024520757],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9793265,0.000001034771,0.020533994,0.000009856999,0.000082621504,0.0000014431449,0.0000013802744,0.000031732263,0.000011423189],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99928373,0.0000018741154,0.00028236714,0.00005175238,0.00012388297,0.0002563808],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994471,0.000031440508,0.000044498276,0.00012053543,0.00007352779,0.00028291042],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017095788,0.0001195002,0.000181195,0.00009964036,0.000039127728,0.000029976127,0.00025582043,0.0000653384,0.000024149069],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003272871,0.00009057442,0.00004756414,0.00012796283,0.000047921963,0.00005841517,0.000008350413,0.00041316915,0.000001549543],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000036343665,0.0000029434245,0.00011625334,0.000044346616,0.000066359404,0.000013292644,0.0005884639,0.035501137,0.9626359,0.00037409813,0.0000975122,0.00055608316],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006371652,0.000022917648,0.0005166718,0.0002579335,0.000046858346,0.00028560424,0.00006986258,0.07454733,0.91087264,0.000031329055,0.012325415,0.00038629517],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00016943816,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0024195507,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.051763255,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009686707,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00030916685,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.36935174},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1975584380","doi":"10.1109/nebc.2010.5458174","title":"What do biofilms sense in agitated well plates? A combined CFD and experimental study on spatial and temporal wall shear stress distribution","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Shear stress; Mechanics; Computational fluid dynamics; Shear (geology); Materials science; Shear flow; Stress (linguistics); Stress field; Geology; Structural engineering; Physics; Finite element method; Composite material; Engineering","score_opus":0.005408285118737878,"score_gpt":0.2161375907254853,"score_spread":0.21072930560674744,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1975584380","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9989429,0.0000762005,0.00005463673,0.00002190154,0.00039561235,0.00030061597,0.000020769297,0.00008312725,0.00010422316],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997563,0.000024926623,0.00005465971,0.000009179567,0.000015359969,0.00000969705,0.00009144774,0.000018313473,0.00002013988],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993799,0.000013933175,0.00015985947,0.00018997201,0.000084720166,0.00017166998],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997587,0.000031177686,0.000013173673,0.0001127098,0.0000113102105,0.0000728821],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008403013,0.00014719879,0.00014152956,0.000055733075,0.00003700093,0.00016183888,0.000030577467,0.00007100277,0.000023867207],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000059316226,0.00013493228,0.000012793953,0.00006053989,0.000028167191,0.00018572785,0.000037562266,0.00017666073,0.00000455601],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0010260066,0.004433357,0.41037518,0.0001901543,0.00026010655,0.0006665222,0.012432329,0.0053520533,0.5550596,0.0034317293,0.0005840362,0.006188914],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0061719897,0.001213058,0.10582657,0.00011800689,0.000014736081,0.0000191175,0.0071957773,0.8280891,0.05056887,0.00004431992,0.00010458105,0.00063385896],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005203989,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00059334544,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.82273704,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000025830435,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003539252,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.55023783},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1976166604","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450810355","title":"Comparison, Combination and Validation of Measuring Techniques for Local Flow and Turbulence Analysis in Bubble Columns and Airlift Reactors","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Laser Doppler velocimetry; Coalescence (physics); Turbulence; Velocimetry; Mechanics; Airlift; Sparging; Doppler effect; Materials science; Acoustics; Optics; Physics; Chemistry; Bioreactor; Blood flow","score_opus":0.00776267450417229,"score_gpt":0.19265206943400623,"score_spread":0.18488939492983394,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1976166604","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9441147,0.00068099203,0.055046942,0.000029051473,0.00003105988,0.00006735463,0.00000332806,0.0000070656665,0.000019518138],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9968527,0.00001766972,0.0031045272,0.0000030434423,0.000008064311,0.0000021141843,0.0000014257125,0.0000098356495,6.482394e-7],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99952424,0.0000070155156,0.000235953,0.000052316555,0.000061836035,0.00011863013],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99967855,0.00007466593,0.000039782997,0.00004590935,0.000051359384,0.000109750064],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003458578,0.00007134419,0.0001952434,0.00020671709,0.000020650996,0.000025804164,0.00004538211,0.00005050734,7.369424e-7],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010458783,0.00006763388,0.000025176007,0.00017368197,0.00003475464,0.00007558725,0.0000039885194,0.00013069093,8.305476e-9],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010150694,0.000012376324,0.019513194,0.0003420753,0.00025681985,0.0000048999486,0.0014666013,0.8501957,0.12221734,0.0020291635,0.00003625096,0.003915452],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00019868756,0.00001807547,0.0011357364,0.00009101517,0.00007363732,0.000016934297,0.00003163536,0.8783434,0.11976796,0.00017810019,0.000054907556,0.00008994182],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00022575675,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00041067495,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.052737985,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000086667635,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002900308,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.27580294},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1977421133","doi":"10.1115/pvp2014-28461","title":"Wall Proximity and Curvature Effect on Added Mass Forces in Two-Phase Cross-Flow","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Added mass; Mechanics; Curvature; Cylinder; Flow (mathematics); Harmonics; Physics; Spherical harmonics; Classical mechanics; Work (physics); Geometry; Thermodynamics; Mathematics; Acoustics","score_opus":0.0038831052611745594,"score_gpt":0.24834484311067662,"score_spread":0.24446173784950206,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1977421133","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98351324,0.00007581754,0.008151173,0.00002138087,0.00013653914,0.00018091191,0.0000038378867,0.00012659543,0.007790481],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99804604,0.000009960332,0.0015640121,0.00007149433,0.000042228636,0.000015136055,0.00001136081,0.00002041752,0.00021932155],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994562,0.000019514191,0.00010899956,0.00014949735,0.000068954345,0.00019679616],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99970424,0.00009021657,0.000008619908,0.00013573845,0.000008664628,0.000052547766],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023209855,0.00012956306,0.0001454408,0.000054330016,0.000027947044,0.000059383834,0.00006217621,0.000060286053,0.000025857338],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000029958223,0.00010409628,0.0000263844,0.00006480674,0.000015234783,0.000100452904,0.000011117087,0.00016236649,0.0000074537884],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00041773068,0.00022166572,0.052215587,0.00161054,0.00015308158,0.00006044945,0.0010793904,0.62323743,0.14989701,0.043710172,0.0018594676,0.12553748],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0017124227,0.00013004233,0.001691643,0.00003808322,0.0000039382376,0.0000012354338,0.0000011313311,0.9915792,0.0033535026,0.0005492113,0.0007941027,0.00014551956],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002820837,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00015994304,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.36834174,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000021986449,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000021313454,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.42449233},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1977673359","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450810337","title":"Performance of Multi‐Plunging Jet Absorber Using Liquid Jets Containing Small Solute Bubbles","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Nozzle; Mass transfer; Jet (fluid); Bubble; Mass transfer coefficient; Mechanics; Materials science; Thermodynamics; Physics","score_opus":0.01371767026907046,"score_gpt":0.18370852966382623,"score_spread":0.16999085939475578,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1977673359","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9925769,0.0013177418,0.0054097194,0.000013616865,0.00040016425,0.00005382023,0.0000037003047,0.000022354157,0.0002019598],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99358195,0.000014937066,0.0062382664,0.00001465404,0.000087519045,9.739485e-7,7.2101926e-7,0.000055370914,0.0000056005115],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988842,0.000012704677,0.0004478131,0.00007840318,0.00012554035,0.00045136226],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992806,0.00008257526,0.000084711464,0.00014947543,0.00010147561,0.00030119074],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00047171424,0.00018941477,0.00029471482,0.00018913351,0.00007204088,0.000034226978,0.0002558534,0.000093428636,0.000013204389],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016273865,0.0001646727,0.000112428956,0.00018009987,0.000044813067,0.00011617569,0.000011868094,0.00048416315,9.987266e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006220774,0.0000022450722,0.00033612247,0.000075396725,0.00006724662,0.000016317745,0.0003271749,0.6744157,0.32431233,0.00031922234,0.000006304622,0.000115730196],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003250613,0.000032200813,0.000054632106,0.00034185534,0.000041870087,0.00022468706,0.00002713575,0.85949767,0.13897407,0.0000072157454,0.00026346138,0.00021012078],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00029552812,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00017228184,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.18533826,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00026215168,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001965745,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6715158},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1977684524","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450780417","title":"A laboratory investigation of horizontal well heavy oil—water flows","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":49,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Saskatchewan Research Council (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Froude number; Mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Fraction (chemistry); Pipeline transport; Petroleum engineering; Geology; Water flow; Environmental science; Oil well; Materials science; Geotechnical engineering; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Chromatography; Physics","score_opus":0.0028563911748475195,"score_gpt":0.14184467441130058,"score_spread":0.13898828323645307,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1977684524","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.998732,0.00042803024,0.000082972765,0.000109662666,0.00020834303,0.000018394432,0.000007325586,0.000017131197,0.0003961426],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99926287,0.000010390696,0.00048195207,0.000024824942,0.00017160173,9.801635e-7,0.0000025491279,0.000027827275,0.00001702576],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993264,0.000006161953,0.00027890928,0.00004603723,0.000108107706,0.00023438944],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99953467,0.000020196276,0.000019083052,0.00010346877,0.00005051372,0.0002720807],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017239481,0.00010590929,0.00015723132,0.00009307548,0.000024171402,0.000023474395,0.00017727859,0.00006845982,0.00011727399],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000014290179,0.00007964986,0.00006312683,0.00011726008,0.000031968353,0.00009575953,0.000003895495,0.00028051957,0.0000094764355],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000529453,0.0000014283743,0.000034497854,0.00006127493,0.000045200817,0.00002095304,0.00045125766,0.19188991,0.8060242,0.000117256204,0.00027688092,0.0010718268],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00032324425,0.00002729671,0.00005073734,0.00017824282,0.000032190932,0.00009024661,0.000009921343,0.2525744,0.7410284,0.000082596074,0.005382356,0.00022032179],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00027078608,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00017144217,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.06499579,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000146794,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009616995,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3248027},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1977704174","doi":"10.1016/j.nucengdes.2008.01.004","title":"The inhomogeneous MUSIG model for the simulation of polydispersed flows","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nuclear Engineering and Design","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":269,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ansys (Canada)","funders":"Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Technologie","keywords":"Bubble; Mechanics; Coalescence (physics); Flow (mathematics); Momentum (technical analysis); Lift (data mining); Physics; Computational fluid dynamics; Two-phase flow; Momentum transfer; Materials science; Simulation; Engineering; Computer science","score_opus":0.019140699953810167,"score_gpt":0.1871874900459437,"score_spread":0.16804679009213352,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1977704174","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.08221561,0.0007874919,0.91651636,0.00001593992,0.0001220474,0.00017876292,0.000003538076,0.000109012195,0.000051244548],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99231637,0.00020432331,0.007347497,0.000009086262,0.000035993828,0.00000816126,5.493868e-7,0.00003837432,0.000039641425],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996262,0.000003699961,0.00011051259,0.000065133085,0.00006105302,0.00013339646],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995631,0.0002550616,0.000010390189,0.00012578405,0.00001958952,0.000026076645],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011030285,0.00008294772,0.00007752668,0.000024095316,0.00014648121,0.000015504558,0.00007397725,0.00003973493,9.975328e-7],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000032122683,0.000056486253,0.000037928992,0.00004898788,0.000017258824,0.000029162386,0.000010057807,0.000058406524,9.3869613e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009177542,0.0000019762222,7.5523275e-7,0.000014265596,0.000019298339,4.484669e-7,0.00043822458,0.9872736,0.009742389,0.0006501238,0.00009568088,0.0017540603],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00013696487,0.000015879245,0.00003007134,0.0000069172606,0.000010255112,0.0000050917274,0.000016832679,0.99872446,0.0001414833,0.000033923458,0.0008057205,0.00007239608],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000028717,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":8.315389e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.91010076,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000012821747,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000056694516,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.23034425},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1977729313","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450810320","title":"The Mechanisms of Bubble Coalescence in a Non‐Newtonian Fluid","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Science Council","keywords":"Bubble; Oblate spheroid; Shear thinning; Coalescence (physics); Mechanics; Physics; Newtonian fluid; Non-Newtonian fluid; Classical mechanics; Rheology; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.0031805775833354025,"score_gpt":0.1538327633389981,"score_spread":0.1506521857556627,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1977729313","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95872337,0.0022732646,0.03650313,0.0003037772,0.00090729253,0.00015239776,0.0000057879206,0.00001981436,0.0011111484],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99857956,0.000017443046,0.0013242061,0.000014382735,0.000027564605,0.0000016437962,2.0047837e-7,0.000022460792,0.000012512873],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99921167,0.00000795805,0.00031144338,0.00004660405,0.00011797545,0.0003043263],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995038,0.0000807046,0.00003673034,0.00014187479,0.00004468057,0.00019224102],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00041613166,0.00010351613,0.0001590508,0.000091004695,0.000038073253,0.00003047762,0.00030097214,0.00005694497,0.000006643317],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014048841,0.000073467585,0.00006398954,0.00020157058,0.000037407746,0.000050137212,0.000006170976,0.00032948304,0.0000012178219],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000025065815,0.0000027406131,0.000046067715,0.000038678347,0.000029902863,0.00003056887,0.0002704437,0.28208718,0.7032731,0.013815398,0.00011406939,0.0002893421],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004648359,0.000027190397,0.00014905096,0.00033197005,0.000020741345,0.00022510842,0.000064839645,0.5576602,0.4369698,0.002169323,0.001663733,0.0002531929],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00030199118,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007137263,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.27557305,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000179108,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001486051,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.29959214},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1977861756","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450820614","title":"Gas Hold‐up and Liquid Circulation Velocity in Gas‐Liquid‐Solid Airlift Reactors","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Airlift; Circulation (fluid dynamics); Mechanics; Flux (metallurgy); Liquid phase; Current (fluid); Materials science; Environmental science; Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Physics; Bioreactor","score_opus":0.005670488943665353,"score_gpt":0.17663092151989798,"score_spread":0.17096043257623264,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1977861756","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99747753,0.0005131604,0.0012456134,0.0002848927,0.00031464887,0.000053612195,0.0000030117803,0.000023397368,0.00008415341],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995255,0.000024527395,0.00023688863,0.000030451114,0.00014473172,0.0000014324219,0.0000018626935,0.000033513887,0.0000011261732],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.999164,0.0000054667335,0.0003124701,0.000078804806,0.00011778242,0.0003214975],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99944806,0.00003561981,0.00003726909,0.00010921716,0.00003996893,0.0003298556],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002391406,0.00014334601,0.00019627025,0.00019274147,0.00003333883,0.000040455874,0.00015567787,0.000102305494,0.000005804659],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010805595,0.00013138495,0.000055491317,0.00018494367,0.000032989843,0.00013453148,0.000010612209,0.00047511925,0.0000012904629],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013780202,0.0000029867672,0.000052747106,0.000040863833,0.000031526946,0.000057673766,0.00089444744,0.6527183,0.3450582,0.0008141849,0.00001785013,0.00029742875],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0028796692,0.00021914573,0.00236927,0.0013257618,0.00009711953,0.0012819468,0.00011437513,0.6208674,0.3670828,0.0013598241,0.0011524872,0.0012502075],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00090413843,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007945757,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.031850927,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00050803355,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014396034,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5357723},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1978420309","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20314","title":"A novel three‐phase airlift reactor without circulation of solids","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Airlift; Sparging; Fluidized bed; Mechanics; Circulation (fluid dynamics); Phase (matter); Materials science; Three-phase; Chromatography; Chemistry; Waste management; Engineering; Bioreactor; Physics","score_opus":0.007143249558540176,"score_gpt":0.1927780448976785,"score_spread":0.18563479533913832,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1978420309","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9711327,0.000095528434,0.027965747,0.00007522295,0.0005294126,0.0000465269,0.000009515098,0.000018605338,0.00012672515],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99749696,8.4501664e-7,0.0021869184,0.0000106463995,0.0002678801,9.527849e-7,0.0000017273321,0.0000325683,0.000001503713],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99930483,0.0000015811527,0.00030043704,0.000049790597,0.00012505034,0.00021832334],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994009,0.00003911284,0.000056811034,0.00014969283,0.00008153499,0.0002719332],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019605186,0.00011126052,0.00018203097,0.00012579387,0.000020432166,0.000025319716,0.00021694871,0.00009144728,0.00001744778],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000118044525,0.00009279252,0.00008549982,0.000120291894,0.000036780282,0.00008833226,0.000006582796,0.0005090304,0.0000010074948],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000024116548,0.000004252996,0.00019506525,0.000023990393,0.00003561723,0.000004308106,0.000119520846,0.048664976,0.9492817,0.0010563597,0.00002089529,0.00059092575],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006176325,0.000016095617,0.00059126585,0.00008934267,0.00003840327,0.0002190375,0.000004113985,0.87574476,0.121837474,0.000108821834,0.0005599709,0.00017308429],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00039687802,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007748249,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8274442,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000792166,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001339565,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3783969},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1978716904","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450780304","title":"Hydrodynamic behaviour of a magneto airlift column in a transverse magnetic field","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Magnetic field; Fluidization; Intensity (physics); Fluidized bed; Solenoid; Mechanics; Airlift; Magnetic pressure; Materials science; Hysteresis; Nuclear magnetic resonance; Condensed matter physics; Magnetization; Chemistry; Optics; Thermodynamics; Physics","score_opus":0.0021617723272906214,"score_gpt":0.14758766737261256,"score_spread":0.14542589504532194,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1978716904","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9982572,0.00072582654,0.00015503855,0.000121517165,0.00012233248,0.000061019808,0.000007053835,0.000012019943,0.00053797587],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999535,0.000017997369,0.0003043836,0.000026748346,0.000043529864,0.0000019682343,8.9493835e-7,0.000025797422,0.00004362877],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991929,0.0000059409126,0.0003544727,0.000057626086,0.00010815254,0.0002809103],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995761,0.000048719656,0.000020982528,0.000121175995,0.00002242214,0.0002106263],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013614647,0.00011719113,0.00020928663,0.00015519591,0.000013761763,0.000017138078,0.0002465144,0.00008548622,0.00029175598],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002475484,0.00011064445,0.000091303635,0.00019943563,0.000025431236,0.00005963975,0.0000031934876,0.00038321328,0.0000027226313],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018608493,0.000013536816,0.0004933451,0.00010811133,0.000033890235,0.0002016943,0.0011000495,0.87047696,0.11877465,0.00016180422,0.00027903685,0.008338308],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00094581174,0.00014707235,0.0009988174,0.00034805643,0.000062311636,0.00029551762,0.000032055614,0.9798413,0.016017258,0.0000934772,0.0008698913,0.00034844383],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0019968203,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0028982684,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.10936432,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013787145,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009259079,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.45119497},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1978818041","doi":"10.1115/fedsm-icnmm2010-30192","title":"On the Feasibility of Modeling Two-Phase Flow-Induced Fluidelastic Instability in Tube Bundles","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Instability; Flow (mathematics); Work (physics); Mechanics; Stability (learning theory); Computer science; Phase (matter); Statistical physics; Physics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.030413932737379207,"score_gpt":0.2766057499483274,"score_spread":0.24619181721094816,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1978818041","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9556545,0.000012064797,0.040832605,0.000038214625,0.00025200346,0.00022095768,0.0000065725017,0.000085057436,0.002898016],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982016,0.0000023186506,0.0017188997,0.000020455105,0.000019941213,0.0000105930285,0.0000026905213,0.000018471177,0.00000505082],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991069,0.000024919827,0.0003484821,0.00018317543,0.00013106347,0.00020548706],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992233,0.00022282031,0.000012876099,0.00044548267,0.000046864174,0.000048685153],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00057391205,0.00013542656,0.0001747504,0.00006577707,0.000035466444,0.000017444449,0.00016790435,0.00006895072,0.0001027962],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002353436,0.00009691587,0.00006105423,0.00015572373,0.000027978931,0.00007735418,0.000037225647,0.00037679332,0.0000071552554],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000021263138,0.00015452952,0.00041589362,0.00003617336,0.000008856162,0.000001017071,0.00021163991,0.57262146,0.40515155,0.019023757,0.000006430066,0.002347459],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00052790495,0.00003581506,0.00024486642,0.000015984198,0.000003983484,7.5519347e-7,0.000048063797,0.990435,0.004911087,0.0036692116,0.0000017152906,0.0001055838],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002503855,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0015642955,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4178136,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000054573124,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000027611533,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.39521146},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1979241316","doi":"10.1021/ie801519e","title":"A Model To Predict the Concentration of Submicrometer Solid Particles in Viscous Media Confined inside Horizontal Cylindrical Channels","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología","keywords":"Mechanics; Cylinder; Materials science; Particle (ecology); Dispersion (optics); Mass transfer; Viscous liquid; Suspension (topology); Deposition (geology); Particle size; Range (aeronautics); Oil droplet; Channel (broadcasting); Convection; Composite material; Chemistry; Physics; Optics; Mechanical engineering; Geology","score_opus":0.06651973490671487,"score_gpt":0.2993142263849872,"score_spread":0.23279449147827236,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1979241316","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99806565,0.000078787314,0.0008026346,0.0002144061,0.00015363036,0.00030398794,0.000023785678,0.00008074108,0.00027637568],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994325,0.00001806563,0.00007955774,0.0000062301965,0.00036924853,0.000035528283,0.000014960451,0.000026102472,0.000017818156],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99835134,0.000021414346,0.0004006865,0.00021005553,0.0004317701,0.000584767],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992765,0.0001971352,0.000018783552,0.0002513946,0.00008587843,0.0001702632],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00064394076,0.00016790598,0.00024802965,0.0000907488,0.000036009777,0.00006166537,0.00029892934,0.0002232104,0.000011292181],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004974212,0.00015297448,0.00005139905,0.0005445556,0.000044614528,0.00007526288,0.000052982898,0.0007717185,0.000002925239],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000027065764,0.0000196778,0.000023060653,0.000013670813,0.000010113774,0.000008295754,0.0002889424,0.3593049,0.6392098,0.00004625054,0.00012785112,0.00092036405],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00043261793,0.000035976034,0.00008300837,0.00006510001,0.0000031095262,0.0000036928998,0.000034023302,0.5687062,0.43047303,0.000031644555,0.000036088924,0.000095473486],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000025373914,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000046433483,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.20940132,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018404776,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009736322,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6238118},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1979748355","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22085","title":"Detachment of a bubble anchored to a vertical cylindrical surface in quiescent liquid and grid generated turbulence","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Turbulence; Mechanics; Dissipation; Turbulence kinetic energy; Physics; Particle image velocimetry; Eddy; Nozzle; Optics; Materials science; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.004267268690308739,"score_gpt":0.17013045335185895,"score_spread":0.1658631846615502,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1979748355","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9960952,0.00048542704,0.002887805,0.0002432696,0.00019340836,0.00005669746,0.0000026857545,0.000008952461,0.000026559252],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987159,0.000008877671,0.0011219138,0.000037308026,0.000094751835,0.0000011116095,6.426268e-7,0.000018332074,0.0000012090944],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991866,0.000010297083,0.0003213499,0.00007408799,0.000120796874,0.0002869148],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993698,0.00005577185,0.000016302829,0.000102313374,0.00004419644,0.0004116263],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000262307,0.000113355,0.00022425299,0.000097662705,0.000014849472,0.000020482797,0.00016835259,0.000062204745,0.0000035815003],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014031722,0.00009484397,0.00003742354,0.00018530409,0.00002790576,0.00003976937,0.000017254715,0.00027860864,7.6113935e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014498926,0.0000044696835,0.0001602411,0.00003554206,0.000017824186,0.000011854786,0.00027049828,0.6259799,0.3730115,0.00027160332,0.00005369429,0.00016840856],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003284796,0.0000749159,0.00046180055,0.00018646313,0.000014324387,0.00005313451,0.000006547059,0.80146295,0.19691372,0.000015882893,0.00033179918,0.00015000807],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00042891758,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003639357,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.17609777,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019192518,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000070225506,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3867625},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1979965769","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450840303","title":"Three‐Dimensional CFD Simulation of Stratified Two‐Fluid Taylor‐Couette Flow","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology","keywords":"Mechanics; Taylor–Couette flow; Stratification (seeds); Computational fluid dynamics; Couette flow; Fluid dynamics; Dissipation; Instability; Flow (mathematics); Physics; Materials science; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.005303735003628958,"score_gpt":0.1734943193626209,"score_spread":0.16819058435899195,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1979965769","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96196127,0.0006145559,0.03660282,0.00009487656,0.00040570294,0.00006283373,0.0000143263105,0.00002506558,0.00021854752],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9975469,4.3102776e-7,0.002086174,0.000013590845,0.00031079887,7.8740106e-7,0.0000057758843,0.000031166815,0.0000043836753],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.999091,0.0000039049505,0.00040350357,0.000062618456,0.00018350253,0.00025544042],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999454,0.000091045855,0.000055796714,0.00012758363,0.00009900336,0.00017254212],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001888072,0.00013617867,0.00019797793,0.00012836231,0.000033966473,0.0000301331,0.00018618676,0.00006908914,0.000028881728],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000040217896,0.00011634068,0.0000993556,0.00014933172,0.000033948145,0.00009112137,0.000007268819,0.0002787055,0.0000018427228],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000025649308,0.0000018703951,0.000021547068,0.000015663261,0.000024949893,0.000010291832,0.000019840356,0.79012954,0.20878983,0.00058604917,0.00013239348,0.00026546762],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00025225565,0.000008676047,0.00014847156,0.00005360137,0.000022725751,0.000031800522,0.0000011380104,0.9659437,0.032874644,0.00041427687,0.00013142102,0.00011730939],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00066645216,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00084344187,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1759152,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015416676,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009355343,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.47442353},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1980717568","doi":"10.1115/imece2013-63084","title":"The Drift Flux Model After Fifty Years: A Personal, Problem Solving Survey","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Design for manufacturability; Flow (mathematics); Mechanics; Turbulence; Two-phase flow; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.008146471407965898,"score_gpt":0.18525003913994117,"score_spread":0.17710356773197528,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1980717568","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95284986,0.00050189404,0.03195881,0.0000824094,0.00015163695,0.0002652793,0.000010091934,0.00026661486,0.013913423],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9904381,0.000041706313,0.0035740423,0.00006356135,0.000027581918,0.000054397824,0.0000057793486,0.000033302542,0.0057615265],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99937856,0.000012639912,0.0001247897,0.00011019235,0.00010105002,0.0002727398],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996889,0.000060429324,0.000007784307,0.0001520295,0.00003765327,0.000053188072],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019530117,0.000101297854,0.00007824447,0.000022023478,0.000058175465,0.0001544374,0.000116046656,0.000047255464,0.00018626048],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000011689149,0.000072801995,0.000042638505,0.00006216391,0.00001778225,0.00013967884,0.00004361756,0.000116373725,0.0002309721],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000035741865,0.00012256124,0.021917328,0.00032568892,0.00052653515,0.0000230528,0.01632406,0.5006565,0.030978592,0.0075316504,0.36050004,0.061058264],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006480637,0.000004159982,0.015903613,0.000010451215,0.0000023833798,9.0965466e-7,0.000042060226,0.9829663,0.00002025487,0.00027562215,0.0005927682,0.000116668416],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00031487824,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006889124,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.48230982,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000027226733,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013254757,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.29687792},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1980763549","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20580","title":"Comparing top entry versus side entry agitator performance in low viscosity blending","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Agitator; Baffle; Viscosity; Materials science; Reynolds number; Yield (engineering); Composite material; Mechanics; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Physics; Turbulence","score_opus":0.011285600524988235,"score_gpt":0.17069520450304745,"score_spread":0.15940960397805923,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1980763549","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99593556,0.00042460888,0.00046366893,0.00001726282,0.0008019195,0.000043377062,0.0000015371917,0.000025111687,0.0022869408],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99928474,0.000019858699,0.0005016813,0.000011042134,0.00014423205,0.0000015147922,9.301152e-7,0.000030103645,0.0000058827645],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99904966,0.000005779848,0.0003239205,0.00007565912,0.00011662739,0.0004283474],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994292,0.000051616873,0.000040273604,0.00013003498,0.00003072563,0.0003181129],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020630904,0.00015196677,0.00021511667,0.00018012564,0.000040591716,0.00003931577,0.00031319467,0.00007148829,0.000019285373],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000618316,0.00014009485,0.0000694039,0.00017309605,0.000028461525,0.0001787956,0.00001968015,0.0005641404,0.0000048676447],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011252514,0.000023734161,0.016776292,0.0004082443,0.00022815401,0.00034553377,0.0036491898,0.9081001,0.06618004,0.0017090737,0.00017789089,0.0022891765],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012161992,0.00003486379,0.0072926553,0.00075216644,0.000037273938,0.00014030434,0.0000674282,0.8737145,0.11598199,0.00003486781,0.00029482113,0.00043294425],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003805945,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003938263,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.04980195,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00045307085,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000098783414,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5712902},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1981233807","doi":"10.5539/mas.v4n9p110","title":"Prediction of Gas Holdup in a Three-Phase Internal Loop Airlift Fluidized Bed Reactor Using Newtonian and non-Newtonian Liquids","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Modern Applied Science","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Non-Newtonian fluid; Airlift; Newtonian fluid; Materials science; Draft tube; Chromatography; Fluidized bed; Thermodynamics; Sparging; Mechanics; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chemistry; Physics; Bioreactor","score_opus":0.0127232820295868,"score_gpt":0.23086587222526753,"score_spread":0.21814259019568072,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1981233807","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8164952,0.000024430543,0.1824412,0.000013145071,0.00026130042,0.00020673948,0.000013447845,0.000063290834,0.00048127965],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9902358,0.000011534768,0.009645086,0.000013401959,0.0000477581,0.000012572719,0.0000023550112,0.00002686524,0.000004621526],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986318,0.0000040680893,0.00032497774,0.00035908876,0.00029529174,0.00038478588],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99942434,0.000020101896,0.000049379123,0.00030818942,0.00004086443,0.00015711962],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00049388874,0.00017692258,0.00022491736,0.00030684043,0.000084276464,0.000082398146,0.0003081487,0.0000975044,0.000007364716],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000021520324,0.00018098453,0.000029815434,0.00040314737,0.00029901369,0.00026363414,0.00010990662,0.00031393205,0.0000018450235],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000031107564,0.00003455166,0.0009251231,0.000027522607,0.000004459387,0.0000030834144,0.0007397261,0.0012585686,0.9917318,0.00022065901,0.0000022111299,0.005021175],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00095102965,0.000033589597,0.0013035923,0.00004668696,0.000007129333,0.000009419839,0.00002279154,0.8616937,0.13538328,0.00040605746,0.000009311953,0.00013345052],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00019946833,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00036217683,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.86043507,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008156451,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009160589,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7380335},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1981396553","doi":"10.1115/1.4001575","title":"Investigation of the Flow Field in a Rectangular Vessel Equipped With a Side-Entering Agitator","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Fluids Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Impeller; Agitator; Computational fluid dynamics; Particle image velocimetry; Mechanics; Laminar flow; Mixing (physics); Slip factor; Materials science; Fluid dynamics; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Physics; Turbulence","score_opus":0.003829141943910833,"score_gpt":0.1708565713855722,"score_spread":0.16702742944166135,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1981396553","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97478276,0.0001851723,0.02408224,0.000069219255,0.0006917636,0.00006391113,0.000001192137,0.000023939043,0.000099770674],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98713434,0.000023745853,0.012684604,0.000015540065,0.000102994,0.0000024047079,2.8077346e-7,0.00003032553,0.000005748266],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992062,0.00000768393,0.0003793662,0.000061780695,0.0001784335,0.00016657982],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995991,0.00006759661,0.00006130794,0.00015285403,0.00006315333,0.000056006447],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002469457,0.00012175519,0.0001981492,0.00018185454,0.000014945236,0.000022424838,0.00018808783,0.000069077534,0.000004098083],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012615263,0.00009161859,0.0000698622,0.00026078723,0.000013831911,0.00018644653,0.00002560789,0.00048290705,3.0438034e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000958746,0.0000032547985,0.0015910309,0.000095481235,0.000024683719,0.000013599535,0.00038644348,0.15247646,0.8447866,0.00010446134,0.00003880706,0.00046960494],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00064701046,0.0001096409,0.00989634,0.00075386954,0.000026549347,0.00015729849,0.000058019134,0.7526572,0.23525523,0.00006647553,0.00017601292,0.00019636669],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000066923976,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000019960871,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.60953134,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004215031,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003113102,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.37360975},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1981424812","doi":"10.1016/j.ces.2004.10.026","title":"Using discrete simulation of microprocesses in dispersed phases in analyzing multiphase flows with reactions","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Science","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"University of Calgary","keywords":"Coalescence (physics); Turbulence; Multiphase flow; Mechanics; Statistical physics; Population; Kinetic energy; Diffusion; Physics; Classical mechanics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.01049041748874209,"score_gpt":0.25322950869572475,"score_spread":0.24273909120698267,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1981424812","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8728417,0.00009178954,0.1268935,0.0000038630046,0.00002762083,0.00005618434,0.000002171207,0.000048711237,0.000034418434],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96819675,0.0000059366444,0.03175577,0.0000014612907,0.000019754754,0.000003222942,0.0000017158403,0.0000140991115,0.0000013141445],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99924225,0.0000013420628,0.00022148786,0.00016961535,0.00012495542,0.00024036979],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99973285,0.000053556247,0.00001937495,0.00011088663,0.000029613808,0.000053693027],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011407252,0.000107216576,0.00013356216,0.00028885016,0.000018154602,0.000020744295,0.00012432308,0.000031539756,0.000002705688],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000112689966,0.00010375679,0.000018033847,0.0010326015,0.000057269644,0.00036609118,0.000017123697,0.00012199499,2.8022393e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000018997323,0.000008653801,0.00019946252,0.000025451503,9.161102e-7,8.820847e-7,0.00007108423,0.51309156,0.4863929,0.000007837029,3.226474e-8,0.00019929932],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00023168186,0.000003220151,0.00012833693,0.00015811145,0.000002642567,0.0000020993384,0.000016238966,0.7906246,0.20871843,0.0000013619755,0.000008870998,0.0001043829],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000028889153,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000015525275,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.27767447,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018878895,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000026852525,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.42310792},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1981952224","doi":"10.5539/mas.v3n2p49","title":"Gas Hold up in Multiple Impeller Agitated Vessels","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Modern Applied Science","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Impeller; Materials science; Turbine; Mechanics; Mechanical engineering; Biomedical engineering; Physics; Engineering","score_opus":0.011613542732509785,"score_gpt":0.20506385207872596,"score_spread":0.19345030934621618,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1981952224","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.90879256,0.00006584672,0.07317795,0.000039218994,0.00020277516,0.00015818192,0.000002018317,0.0001982366,0.01736324],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99870294,0.000016065014,0.0010597976,0.00009631395,0.000014532749,0.000007486213,0.0000018065853,0.0000121489265,0.00008890185],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989673,0.0000021215162,0.00014968538,0.00026041202,0.00021069717,0.00040980687],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996428,0.000014288672,0.000012268311,0.00022761969,0.000018856728,0.0000841767],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022948525,0.000115931376,0.00011284477,0.00016076847,0.000079144054,0.00007532907,0.00030417557,0.000039285143,0.0000061047613],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000013101356,0.00011780391,0.000017144379,0.0005415471,0.0000789561,0.0001497306,0.000031646683,0.00013499333,0.00004303197],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000028190366,0.000011179614,0.00005188392,0.0000035722185,7.7339524e-7,0.0000027380272,0.00068576954,0.07661133,0.9074237,0.0011951538,0.00007441818,0.013936663],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00026965575,0.0000063014572,0.0028764529,0.000008451304,9.030056e-7,0.0000013089061,0.000027031294,0.9770423,0.016062938,0.0034590308,0.000092383496,0.00015323203],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008912098,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000017457989,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.900431,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008624217,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000026184285,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4803904},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1982172268","doi":"10.1021/ie048761o","title":"Mixing Times in Coaxial Mixers with Newtonian and Non-Newtonian Fluids","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":66,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Impeller; Rushton turbine; Non-Newtonian fluid; Newtonian fluid; Mechanics; Mixing (physics); Shear thinning; Coaxial; Slip factor; Turbine; Physics; Agitator; Materials science; Thermodynamics; Rheology; Mechanical engineering; Engineering","score_opus":0.021238128170526314,"score_gpt":0.25505763516838637,"score_spread":0.23381950699786005,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1982172268","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9946833,0.0003342974,0.000378633,0.00028270093,0.00013370234,0.00026657473,0.000013399172,0.00021113706,0.0036962016],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972639,0.00006959624,0.0010320597,0.000004251331,0.0008915354,0.00006301716,0.000014878412,0.000095995696,0.00056478305],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99797237,0.00001554024,0.00031696825,0.0003653025,0.0004372209,0.0008925794],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992032,0.00014037595,0.000014547258,0.00029974614,0.00005714719,0.0002849593],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006055827,0.00029078856,0.00029912067,0.0002237691,0.00008634575,0.00015674082,0.00028068034,0.00034875105,0.00007261698],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000106034335,0.00030732833,0.000038742313,0.0006074399,0.00008841607,0.00018351126,0.00009981645,0.0015132736,0.000012602331],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003744232,0.000021441025,0.0010101503,0.00013625721,0.00004273198,0.00005839905,0.0002200851,0.13352966,0.85941505,0.000014543674,0.0007500818,0.0047641704],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002019765,0.000049855218,0.00037443923,0.00043823017,0.000009006221,0.000044304303,0.00011957238,0.76478285,0.22129738,0.0000047417443,0.01035322,0.0005066113],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00012550449,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000027877775,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6381177,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003646461,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012085689,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999379},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1983056848","doi":"10.1109/oceans.2014.7003286","title":"Pressure gradient estimation for two-phase gas/liquid flow in a vertical pipe using CFD","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Computational fluid dynamics; Mechanics; Pressure gradient; Pipeline (software); Flow (mathematics); Fluid dynamics; Two-phase flow; Materials science; Geology; Physics; Mechanical engineering; Engineering","score_opus":0.01005802980575019,"score_gpt":0.2552290461926901,"score_spread":0.24517101638693992,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1983056848","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.37089407,0.000031365962,0.6281927,0.00002528185,0.00014922711,0.0001324428,0.0000019212437,0.00007501343,0.00049794716],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9575476,0.000002651783,0.042294577,0.00002720946,0.000055194323,0.000017414506,0.000010571865,0.000021534246,0.000023213604],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99946994,0.000010382514,0.00014574424,0.00010261462,0.000063359555,0.00020796599],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997712,0.000043157463,0.0000048102465,0.00010710263,0.00001814756,0.00005557806],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015205666,0.00008232383,0.000103792336,0.000065081724,0.000032289063,0.000021420952,0.00004759397,0.000042582076,0.000013555348],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000050079216,0.00008397813,0.00003144139,0.0000636582,0.000009630865,0.000083199586,0.000011184194,0.000055459,0.0000033399403],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000031000425,0.00003756979,0.000008752552,0.000077455225,0.000011655108,8.9998935e-7,0.00023161643,0.955236,0.02785215,0.010877107,0.0000883048,0.0055474616],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00094978436,0.00005676443,0.0000070816973,0.000030977197,0.000017071077,0.0000017712309,0.0000072775883,0.9945944,0.0029118492,0.0003100449,0.0010078078,0.00010519872],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003495563,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000075059455,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.58665353,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000043290394,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000769571,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.34245285},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1983110637","doi":"10.1021/ie070955r","title":"Comparison of Continuous Blend Time and Residence Time Distribution Models for a Stirred Tank","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Impeller; Residence time distribution; Mixing (physics); Continuous stirred-tank reactor; Residence time (fluid dynamics); Mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Agitator; Materials science; Volumetric flow rate; Environmental science; Chemistry; Physics; Engineering","score_opus":0.06421404113623304,"score_gpt":0.3323882780326552,"score_spread":0.26817423689642217,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1983110637","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9846565,0.00082718604,0.012210121,0.000047700156,0.00013781629,0.0005821031,0.00033370525,0.00024444392,0.0009604083],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984954,0.000017639808,0.00023738295,3.6308273e-7,0.0002753262,0.000020516041,0.00014342811,0.00004430806,0.00076561474],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983955,0.000010160273,0.00042107576,0.00023623001,0.00035309503,0.0005839273],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988521,0.0005402048,0.00003485233,0.00022553638,0.00018154991,0.00016581168],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012831781,0.00017467399,0.00034164588,0.00007390314,0.00006517419,0.000050964663,0.00020567414,0.00030391445,0.000016766875],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00044871483,0.00020320529,0.000052122617,0.00030382755,0.00007065375,0.00010366981,0.00007424148,0.00055291655,0.0000034518707],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006300852,0.000020043271,0.00003701925,0.00014106682,0.000032955853,0.00000408897,0.000051333427,0.12647937,0.8691301,0.000056226763,0.0025605017,0.0014243219],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00049450743,0.000035580706,0.00001700387,0.00016007797,0.000008917467,0.0000041117887,0.000019072824,0.6522562,0.34600753,0.00003656273,0.0008207816,0.0001396413],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000019357776,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.073225e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.52577686,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001704445,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000048269907,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8286471},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1983770005","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22070","title":"ECVT imaging of 3D spiral bubble plume structures in gas‐liquid bubble columns","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Cylinder; Mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Body orifice; Multiphase flow; Spiral (railway); Materials science; Porosity; Plume; Geometry; Physics; Mathematics; Engineering; Thermodynamics; Mechanical engineering; Composite material","score_opus":0.0028146769111964056,"score_gpt":0.15884152377031177,"score_spread":0.15602684685911536,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1983770005","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9959768,0.0005801996,0.0023766593,0.00010592698,0.00037057145,0.00005276205,0.000005912916,0.000019958608,0.00051122083],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99834913,0.0000044465082,0.0013782568,0.000032745007,0.00018592413,0.000001275691,0.0000012891785,0.00004147796,0.000005474161],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989365,0.00000975807,0.00042136596,0.00007795925,0.00014934204,0.00040510774],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993849,0.00006270834,0.000059949947,0.00016298977,0.00005921234,0.00027024662],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032452456,0.0001552282,0.0002841398,0.00022303434,0.000029550592,0.000038557537,0.00033834064,0.0000687081,0.00002814541],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012784233,0.00014107066,0.00007919073,0.00019622699,0.000050017155,0.000105471896,0.00001700698,0.00046125925,0.000001205677],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008558003,0.000003068167,0.00044036185,0.0000892542,0.00003543624,0.000027388669,0.00036088936,0.6814851,0.31499472,0.0014802124,0.00018916106,0.0008858603],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006880385,0.000044262608,0.00043319413,0.00029034735,0.000033062763,0.0001819743,0.00002804474,0.8931475,0.10266218,0.0005776418,0.0015684556,0.00034528138],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014054646,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008576177,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.21233253,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024366974,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00011677494,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.57526946},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1984295660","doi":"10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2015.01.010","title":"A model of impeller whirl for baffled mixing vessels","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Fluids and Structures","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; NOVA Chemicals","keywords":"Impeller; Mixing (physics); Baffle; Mechanics; Geometry; Mathematics; Physics; Engineering; Mechanical engineering","score_opus":0.022377742782105414,"score_gpt":0.23781471031561727,"score_spread":0.21543696753351185,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1984295660","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.91464543,0.003247542,0.08118563,0.00003039425,0.00039032518,0.000056767483,0.000012842066,0.000008932829,0.0004221085],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97873527,0.00015134797,0.020917598,0.0000151299255,0.0001241726,6.0077184e-7,6.8989465e-7,0.000016252552,0.000038910297],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99940807,0.0000054833677,0.00029709598,0.000050373415,0.00011944614,0.000119554155],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99960864,0.000024958566,0.000059263948,0.000064482614,0.00014505655,0.00009758324],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017761353,0.00009218467,0.00023360032,0.00009017747,0.000022667882,0.000023152763,0.000082790386,0.000057096255,0.0000028811496],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003784447,0.00007098253,0.00007432114,0.000039088376,0.000019704832,0.00010226775,0.000013451028,0.00009010229,5.8587585e-8],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013890657,0.000013333419,0.00036154615,0.00025913713,0.00021953872,0.0000057398825,0.0024827735,0.38417134,0.579961,0.012575304,0.009591162,0.010220205],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010449237,0.00013509835,0.00030842796,0.000047669346,0.0000446851,0.000045902416,0.00017293445,0.96611804,0.0075192405,0.023862313,0.0005781751,0.00012258523],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000018924278,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000018831918,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5819467,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000018256955,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000035611632,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.28945836},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1984483723","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20315","title":"Advanced measurement techniques for GLS reactors","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Opacity; Volume (thermodynamics); System of measurement; Nuclear engineering; Electrical capacitance tomography; Capacitance; Materials science; Process engineering; Computer science; Engineering; Mechanical engineering; Optics; Physics; Electrode","score_opus":0.006426503605403637,"score_gpt":0.1761771479067726,"score_spread":0.16975064430136896,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1984483723","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9725206,0.00057627284,0.023692958,0.00046575684,0.0017851366,0.0002524746,0.00001252387,0.00011555087,0.0005787551],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99244,0.0000024231736,0.0072394433,0.000019399538,0.00025354262,0.000006845568,7.123728e-7,0.000033729295,0.0000038897133],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993787,0.0000015193157,0.00021056224,0.00004587595,0.00012140635,0.00024193278],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994455,0.000036303038,0.000029230085,0.00011608113,0.0001237886,0.00024908053],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003361852,0.00010294107,0.00013124262,0.00008905908,0.000031575044,0.000034446035,0.00022422454,0.00007091675,0.000006598966],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020843149,0.00008220712,0.000082829145,0.00007099943,0.000019195357,0.00006774993,0.0000042663764,0.00039263951,5.332051e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000018620468,0.0000010878881,0.000005496435,0.000022790518,0.00002378245,0.0000030590393,0.000058833804,0.0066899713,0.9881405,0.0007869866,0.00033661068,0.00392901],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00022865963,0.000023154198,0.000032422933,0.00010952515,0.000027478085,0.000086655855,0.000005509197,0.06101346,0.89549977,0.0003502688,0.04239622,0.00022685595],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008293905,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00043860826,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.09264072,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017283538,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00011038797,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.33523092},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1984523318","doi":"10.1016/j.cherd.2012.01.006","title":"On the hydrodynamics characterization of the straight Maxblend® impeller with Newtonian fluids","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Process Safety and Environmental Protection","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Dirección General de Asuntos del Personal Académico, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología","keywords":"Impeller; Particle image velocimetry; Mechanics; Non-Newtonian fluid; Newtonian fluid; Rushton turbine; Turbulence; Flow (mathematics); Turbine; Slip factor; Physics; Materials science; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.0030354444405647253,"score_gpt":0.14158925423576674,"score_spread":0.13855380979520202,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1984523318","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9356975,0.00005076995,0.062463883,0.00012978993,0.000109859946,0.00042747098,0.000021867045,0.000030685726,0.001068185],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996436,0.00013364237,0.0000151841905,0.000019023133,0.000030244766,0.000027095677,0.0000128672245,0.000018961504,0.00009935862],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995548,0.00001371696,0.000108456145,0.00007983292,0.000111617126,0.00013157463],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998272,0.0000060543166,0.00003443624,0.0001042309,0.000001978721,0.00002609913],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000083558356,0.00010208484,0.0000647466,0.000016947835,0.0001471627,0.000009138321,0.000054750864,0.00004575312,0.00003872291],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000018735974,0.00005882195,0.0000186382,0.00006600624,0.000056547462,0.00015318452,0.000016593818,0.00013327124,0.000002736306],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002341025,0.00015041318,0.0028287738,0.00034233546,0.00009286254,2.7400708e-7,0.0018303173,0.11087766,0.8652382,0.0028945652,0.0000027766991,0.015507705],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003665782,0.00010307555,0.05822452,0.000098989905,0.00003212425,0.000024055447,0.0002455396,0.91729647,0.022518236,0.00016369054,0.00068246963,0.00024422794],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000332514,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000024633923,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.84272,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004831726,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000025425102,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.23986895},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1984539842","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450780520","title":"Gas flow regime changes in a bubble column filled with a fibre suspension","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Institute for the Promotion of Teaching Science and Technology","keywords":"Turbulence; Bubble; Suspension (topology); Mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Materials science; Opacity; Flash (photography); Mass transfer; Optics; Physics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.0036542240792008024,"score_gpt":0.148508694635125,"score_spread":0.1448544705559242,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1984539842","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9980438,0.00053929916,0.00012181162,0.00052908406,0.0000953939,0.00007354278,0.0000032191651,0.000024609491,0.000569242],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99871606,0.000022786582,0.0009808698,0.00003840547,0.0001209531,0.000002692194,0.0000019850959,0.000036920308,0.000079339],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992977,0.0000055607384,0.00018153596,0.000066637425,0.00011510722,0.00033345132],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995223,0.000039982897,0.00001949496,0.00012344608,0.00003261306,0.00026211765],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014660248,0.00012886702,0.0001993649,0.00012774368,0.000028375369,0.000043393284,0.00018323952,0.00006872555,0.00015184078],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000025442803,0.00010050087,0.000039614002,0.00022585019,0.000023740105,0.000065565146,0.0000045840256,0.00036058773,0.000004630747],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000021978287,0.0000033946505,0.000048022495,0.0000373781,0.000039811748,0.0002648625,0.00053684,0.9421221,0.052595895,0.0000683325,0.0008022051,0.003459205],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000779796,0.00005667057,0.000111166824,0.0005462122,0.000022645889,0.0006188214,0.00001911287,0.9713642,0.020736955,0.0000559426,0.0054038404,0.00028462464],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00068527594,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00702661,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.031858943,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022601376,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009791475,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.40983063},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1985150643","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450810357","title":"Measurements of Bubble Characteristics: Comparison Between Double Optical Probe and Imaging","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":47,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Optics; Materials science; Chord (peer-to-peer); Mechanics; Physics; Computer science","score_opus":0.016244633384460996,"score_gpt":0.20096315288021993,"score_spread":0.18471851949575893,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1985150643","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9927394,0.0008145905,0.005633542,0.00005613861,0.00020707051,0.00006230594,0.0000033023775,0.000013112768,0.0004705659],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997593,0.0000020398695,0.0022900752,0.0000056162444,0.00008013565,9.420935e-7,0.0000011206645,0.00002420196,0.0000028880181],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999193,0.000005400752,0.00036063147,0.000054793578,0.0001365166,0.0002496722],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994734,0.000036952868,0.00004411214,0.00009051644,0.000072845716,0.0002821515],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003304589,0.00011265795,0.00025343953,0.00009149357,0.000028725366,0.00004053638,0.00013887769,0.000043989137,0.0000065204704],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007717159,0.000096847274,0.000045079287,0.00008616862,0.000040870786,0.00006982312,0.000007309741,0.00028505252,7.1130864e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013087702,0.000015314357,0.058636956,0.00039270445,0.00032706241,0.000030850293,0.00093224214,0.06384309,0.86897194,0.003066778,0.00019285113,0.003577112],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015129731,0.000038379894,0.003998481,0.0005367681,0.00019302887,0.00021893649,0.000034285968,0.14102398,0.85056597,0.00018317891,0.0011537177,0.0005403237],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010456256,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000023746095,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0771809,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011660085,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008113982,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3949317},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1985533211","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2006.12.005","title":"Pressure recovery of two-phase flow across sudden expansions","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":50,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Two-phase flow; Shear stress; Materials science; Physics","score_opus":0.008013244804994822,"score_gpt":0.28262883621046403,"score_spread":0.2746155914054692,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1985533211","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8321308,0.0010705654,0.16253124,0.00008612643,0.0030647123,0.000078133206,0.00052120694,0.00003774048,0.0004794835],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97042483,0.0001007269,0.028392103,0.000024123934,0.0007784252,0.0000021610103,0.000038624305,0.00003105387,0.00020795414],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986067,0.000019876603,0.0006432319,0.00009683481,0.00044500796,0.00018838308],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990568,0.00010855912,0.00017421394,0.00012831941,0.00045683447,0.00007526122],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024319359,0.00014571234,0.00023679536,0.0001765024,0.000032628355,0.000053607684,0.00036027454,0.00006628695,0.00010734838],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007477226,0.0001379782,0.00021859528,0.000079709745,0.00003394304,0.00032540006,0.000041214043,0.00021471275,0.00000680847],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012190953,0.0002401068,0.00023333909,0.000016102238,0.00026665028,0.0001533851,0.00019734555,0.8770405,0.09561033,0.00007494683,0.0026297315,0.023415629],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0046458365,0.00008347875,0.00032210667,0.00017214731,0.000041024752,0.00016806163,0.00004521561,0.978595,0.010718016,0.00029886817,0.004749898,0.00016035608],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007644861,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007291082,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.13829403,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000639993,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003885343,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5626588},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1986475593","doi":"10.1016/j.ces.2013.10.009","title":"Modelling of quasi-static adiabatic bubble formation, growth and detachment for low Bond numbers","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Science","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University; Cégep de l'Outaouais","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Necking; Mechanics; RADIUS; Adiabatic process; Work (physics); Classical mechanics; Physics; Geometry; Mathematics; Thermodynamics; Computer science","score_opus":0.006264251732963944,"score_gpt":0.18320311056801608,"score_spread":0.17693885883505214,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1986475593","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5298138,0.000059466147,0.46983233,0.000009468927,0.0000523675,0.000120193086,0.0000016749503,0.000048824637,0.00006187117],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.94571936,0.000013721433,0.05418383,0.0000076190972,0.000011794367,0.00004265308,0.0000025606191,0.000014612891,0.000003877511],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992578,6.566397e-7,0.00020447158,0.00012971052,0.00013697158,0.0002703687],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996446,0.000066108405,0.00001932735,0.00010090581,0.000058190184,0.000110876696],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011100608,0.000104002516,0.00013117932,0.00008171592,0.000031904467,0.000044093824,0.00014005869,0.000030124693,0.0000019676982],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000066868946,0.000105263905,0.000025576206,0.00021321014,0.00006355352,0.00037298186,0.00002420085,0.000059385777,0.0000018293081],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[3.30425e-7,0.000005775451,0.000006912356,0.0004107409,0.000003360017,7.126896e-8,0.00019361232,0.5023655,0.4953534,0.0014841248,0.00002313929,0.00015301752],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00010166972,0.00000800316,0.0000067922333,0.000057915786,0.000004323492,0.0000020296245,0.000016854352,0.79505426,0.20430622,0.00033988574,0.0000037971674,0.00009825356],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000010392436,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.638673e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.41590554,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000053208732,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013703853,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.42925376},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1986496618","doi":"10.1007/bf02889519","title":"A numerical study of periodic slug flow at zero gravity and normal gravity","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Microgravity Science and Technology","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ontario Tech University; University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Canadian Space Agency","keywords":"Bubble; Mechanics; Volume of fluid method; Zero gravity; Slug flow; Physics; Flow (mathematics); Jet (fluid); Materials science; Two-phase flow","score_opus":0.004114071713144367,"score_gpt":0.20491682432440458,"score_spread":0.2008027526112602,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1986496618","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9981174,0.0005978338,0.00059447193,0.00016698473,0.000074977936,0.0002104873,0.000008566994,0.00017375265,0.000055531866],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9974171,0.000057960828,0.0024576734,0.000018249613,0.000010338175,0.000011824415,0.0000012560096,0.000010393314,0.000015202236],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987996,0.000010498481,0.00021118148,0.00036403027,0.0002004089,0.00041428817],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994721,0.000014988535,0.00003387743,0.00028983472,0.000089753376,0.000099446246],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00037369775,0.00016372078,0.0002657948,0.0003766512,0.00030947253,0.00004594266,0.00027430936,0.00011706977,0.000004107334],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000037158934,0.00015800675,0.000021553049,0.0009969864,0.0009918674,0.00016652535,0.00028509917,0.00022061235,0.000004272913],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018080978,0.00043390685,0.13667399,0.000064362015,0.000034454562,0.000021805181,0.001536177,0.0006838292,0.48981595,0.00079303054,0.0001338682,0.36979055],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006487811,0.003418353,0.31270358,0.00010626476,0.00022413775,0.0016316843,0.002535085,0.48589048,0.1605167,0.004363427,0.019421041,0.002701427],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010683099,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002213885,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.48520666,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007573429,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000027108052,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6443328},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1986641003","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450780134","title":"Mixing of a lignin‐based slurry fuel","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Resources Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Chemistry; Kraft process; Kraft paper; Forestry; Pulp and paper industry; Engineering","score_opus":0.003934705743489912,"score_gpt":0.15516103701966263,"score_spread":0.15122633127617272,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1986641003","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9955188,0.0014537015,0.0007208895,0.00013238085,0.00023903225,0.00004588806,0.000007505058,0.000027935428,0.0018538701],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985556,0.000007060486,0.001220976,0.000033436147,0.0001309842,9.381309e-7,0.0000010105084,0.00003217017,0.000017838174],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992409,0.000004758605,0.0003144169,0.000049012328,0.00012394768,0.00026700424],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999458,0.000059842594,0.00003131293,0.00013053732,0.00004654312,0.00027373916],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017384568,0.00011775711,0.0001935815,0.00012219894,0.000025313502,0.000024444196,0.00025894976,0.00006801948,0.000082804814],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000040514064,0.00009992054,0.000111716734,0.00017394173,0.000034525186,0.0000632833,0.0000034721218,0.00031206224,0.000003718458],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005024144,0.000004175289,0.00004491528,0.00012282754,0.000068968104,0.00004571635,0.00036211478,0.8057748,0.18979765,0.00037857657,0.00064248673,0.0027527057],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00051871524,0.000029404722,0.00010518737,0.00037862454,0.000051423725,0.00014191277,0.0000124107,0.83670586,0.15641978,0.0001643016,0.005175647,0.0002967558],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00025629147,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000887186,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03337788,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012364001,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001383197,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.40746412},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1986707966","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450810324","title":"Euler/Lagrange Calculations of Bubbly Flows with Consideration of Bubble Coalescence","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":72,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","keywords":"Bubble; Coalescence (physics); Mechanics; Turbulence; Isotropy; Collision; Physics; Classical mechanics; Computer science; Optics","score_opus":0.005914992765347833,"score_gpt":0.15983460510524106,"score_spread":0.15391961233989324,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1986707966","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9817773,0.00065137685,0.01690634,0.00006312589,0.00015778007,0.00006016748,0.000008967495,0.000009667198,0.00036523785],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9961494,0.000006146395,0.003786942,0.0000059989525,0.00002774151,8.715363e-7,0.0000011462878,0.000017832057,0.0000038810654],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993939,0.0000067648925,0.00028537182,0.000040417213,0.00011623535,0.00015732908],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994845,0.00007255319,0.00005760136,0.00010302947,0.00012707886,0.00015527046],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015610157,0.000088211396,0.00017430162,0.000099597375,0.00002369017,0.000013247412,0.000100568286,0.000046789213,0.000014379932],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009768948,0.00006990035,0.00004905187,0.00016018595,0.00004078283,0.00007046659,0.000002322628,0.00017947206,3.882157e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000022072568,0.0000029344646,0.00018208812,0.000058211062,0.000044579392,0.000007776191,0.00023010059,0.70047724,0.29448068,0.0043950253,0.000065069995,0.00005407669],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007267356,0.00005357853,0.0004026274,0.00047333224,0.000093954535,0.00032586983,0.000046638874,0.57792515,0.41848806,0.00020538559,0.000973402,0.00028529958],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00029480533,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00068858615,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12400737,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000082339015,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00017950819,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.28504536},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1987066534","doi":"10.1002/cjce.21942","title":"Modelling strategies for emulsification in industrial practice","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Rheology; Work (physics); Scale (ratio); Computational fluid dynamics; Non-Newtonian fluid; Process (computing); Computer science; Industrial engineering; Management science; Process engineering; Materials science; Engineering; Mechanical engineering; Mechanics; Physics; Aerospace engineering","score_opus":0.02028376684539361,"score_gpt":0.19649030835169162,"score_spread":0.176206541506298,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1987066534","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.85752845,0.0005552878,0.14009528,0.00067225617,0.00051425485,0.00023207116,0.0000036456534,0.000023385568,0.00037535335],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99627453,0.0000038097958,0.0034616669,0.000017678334,0.00020798287,0.000009516283,0.0000013155201,0.000020460826,0.000003042508],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99942803,0.000004398743,0.00024994,0.00004160874,0.00006691243,0.00020908646],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99953747,0.00013501743,0.000034586483,0.00007040138,0.00008463836,0.00013789066],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021795434,0.000078347766,0.0001069893,0.00011071376,0.000021009788,0.00010480475,0.0001523082,0.00007577843,0.000006034082],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001311655,0.00006727115,0.000039609757,0.00010966127,0.000011895157,0.00031767206,0.0000027592293,0.00031702995,0.00000157657],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000001735297,0.000001213322,0.0000027826445,0.00001079059,0.000012930546,0.0000018078222,0.00022479445,0.97829574,0.018296782,0.0024965038,0.0001620108,0.0004929006],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00020159724,0.000006773241,0.0000027279314,0.000045344,0.000009150428,0.00002223791,0.00008319228,0.9955656,0.0024040733,0.0006270628,0.00095267565,0.00007954742],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013656757,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009942327,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.13874607,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001849965,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014661478,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.27432376},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1987796788","doi":"10.5539/mas.v8n4p84","title":"Experimental Investigation on Disturbance Wave Velocity and Frequency in Air-Water Horizontal Annular Flow","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Modern Applied Science","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Direktorat Jenderal Pendidikan Tinggi; Universitas Gadjah Mada","keywords":"Mechanics; Breakup; Ripple; Entrainment (biomusicology); Air entrainment; Coalescence (physics); Flow velocity; Wake; Phase velocity; Wave shoaling; Wave height; Optics; Flow (mathematics); Materials science; Physics; Acoustics; Wave propagation; Power (physics); Longitudinal wave; Thermodynamics; Mechanical wave","score_opus":0.008876434097813853,"score_gpt":0.17988551102717337,"score_spread":0.17100907692935952,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1987796788","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.932837,0.000036948248,0.06300261,0.000016684153,0.00010306371,0.00010759313,0.0000018923481,0.000063114654,0.0038310925],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9965802,0.0000012928556,0.0032882243,0.000056477336,0.00002640931,0.000023641227,0.000004151708,0.000012095353,0.000007529181],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99915135,0.0000051438474,0.00011197308,0.00027735057,0.00019417099,0.00026002442],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997293,0.000008775582,0.000008764456,0.00015067638,0.000008445757,0.000094075775],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023542639,0.00011307305,0.000094259995,0.00007481751,0.000103921244,0.000034689347,0.000114288254,0.000036741585,0.0000030702308],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000007490044,0.00009881144,0.000009660136,0.000112191046,0.0001779249,0.00015118367,0.00004502384,0.00010641291,0.00000928195],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000022474999,0.000007951866,0.00019225686,0.000006875194,7.3878243e-7,0.0000015685674,0.0012279077,0.011083712,0.9829592,0.0027793434,0.0000038374515,0.001734332],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00014234384,0.000017662182,0.0036588146,0.000008677914,5.709163e-7,0.0000017124968,0.000018566368,0.78304636,0.2095687,0.003413104,0.000005837785,0.00011764039],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000020171923,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001490526,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.77339053,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016031943,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011832946,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.40294138},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1987800923","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20302","title":"Influence of medium composition on oxygen transfer rate in animal cell culture","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Aeration; Bubble; Coalescence (physics); Mass transfer; Oxygen; Mass transfer coefficient; Composition (language); Surface tension; Viscosity; Oxygen tension; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Aqueous solution; Chromatography; Thermodynamics; Materials science; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Mechanics; Organic chemistry; Composite material; Biology","score_opus":0.0023049214480855267,"score_gpt":0.1544600695362421,"score_spread":0.15215514808815658,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1987800923","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9993878,0.00008093477,0.0001524147,0.00009343573,0.00012913438,0.000037465987,0.000006163176,0.000007776647,0.000104874256],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997178,0.0000040261184,0.00015282343,0.000025001127,0.00007887411,8.276218e-7,0.0000012598482,0.000017454346,0.0000019858592],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994529,0.00000462855,0.00023190334,0.0000439728,0.00008459245,0.00018203742],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996567,0.000032177235,0.000016452079,0.0000782258,0.000043339514,0.00017313601],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016382978,0.00009540016,0.00014038634,0.00010912925,0.00001352676,0.000014672858,0.00019018438,0.00008525065,0.0000067311644],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000022141983,0.000076879754,0.000047861064,0.000118361226,0.000025174175,0.000066311455,0.0000029680143,0.00062514126,0.0000010414262],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000034550726,0.0000018762938,0.000029358398,0.00002099316,0.000005171378,0.000010193428,0.00022279355,0.34325138,0.65622455,0.00020377802,0.000014962479,0.000011497515],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00033199886,0.000032008775,0.0026843315,0.00013239286,0.000011916714,0.000035778008,0.0000050486638,0.087052435,0.90934587,0.00003464025,0.0001999201,0.00013367576],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00015376094,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00030581313,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.25619894,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007020002,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006427768,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.31350654},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1988355808","doi":"10.1002/cjce.21743","title":"Experimental study of kerosene–water two‐phase flow in a vertical pipe using hot‐film and dual optical probes","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Superficial velocity; Materials science; Mechanics; Kerosene; Drop (telecommunication); Turbulence; Optics; Flow (mathematics); Thermodynamics; Physics","score_opus":0.010284594294294408,"score_gpt":0.2182107326791768,"score_spread":0.2079261383848824,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1988355808","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9984846,0.0005393015,0.00064819655,0.000016018368,0.00018340941,0.000093426126,0.000001359565,0.000008395201,0.000025297817],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989735,0.0000011680557,0.000836941,0.0000049960227,0.00015070497,0.0000021925546,5.710107e-7,0.000029134408,8.314852e-7],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990718,0.000012840774,0.00032193944,0.00005791775,0.00013459068,0.00040092456],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99944407,0.000037254926,0.000012575442,0.00008628462,0.00002546608,0.00039435254],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026688227,0.00012996604,0.00022172219,0.00013981035,0.000032401957,0.000027460866,0.00009980302,0.000059496393,0.00001058004],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000037696875,0.000100224075,0.000038745948,0.00008553137,0.000051545798,0.00012901342,0.000021324155,0.00031897952,3.4163045e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001850073,0.000100085716,0.00039680977,0.000024857472,0.000047247748,0.00004451386,0.004663912,0.118176214,0.8762526,0.00014127139,0.0000038819458,0.00013012721],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015879998,0.00009192354,0.00014337746,0.00008840531,0.000037090937,0.0002079267,0.00033507115,0.54054904,0.4567482,0.00000451838,0.000027289429,0.00017919112],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00046004308,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00012517182,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.42237282,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019841621,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004141425,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.40870193},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1988437268","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20649","title":"Prediction of mass transfer coefficients in a pulsed disc and doughnut extraction column","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":44,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Mass transfer; Thermal diffusivity; Mass transfer coefficient; Reynolds number; Extraction (chemistry); Work (physics); Phase (matter); Schmidt number; Diffusion; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chemistry; Intensity (physics); Range (aeronautics); Mixing (physics); Mechanics; Thermodynamics; Materials science; Turbulence; Chromatography; Optics; Physics","score_opus":0.010258574694630146,"score_gpt":0.16077908022917164,"score_spread":0.1505205055345415,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1988437268","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98498636,0.00024769822,0.01427294,0.000014014255,0.0002265594,0.000052074312,0.000009685063,0.000008602287,0.00018205597],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996657,0.000009772741,0.0002656393,0.0000030338651,0.00003491094,0.0000013627442,9.4486114e-7,0.000015389236,0.0000032972066],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99948674,0.0000042331817,0.00023972293,0.000041704367,0.000074197415,0.00015340431],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99974567,0.000019693849,0.000015360354,0.000055630688,0.000026539195,0.00013712942],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001498005,0.00007178209,0.000121565216,0.00012636368,0.000013118281,0.000011329044,0.00008267936,0.000057529818,0.000011106726],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000022396664,0.00006326554,0.00003296692,0.00011615034,0.000025257159,0.0000819473,0.0000020962468,0.00022631162,2.0096047e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001815977,0.000010368787,0.001289073,0.00010336771,0.0000512595,0.000029884504,0.0017963637,0.14822897,0.8469018,0.0004284189,0.000023961844,0.001118409],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008850425,0.000048710863,0.0066315252,0.00029938802,0.00004599916,0.00014384878,0.000056731835,0.8470189,0.1443406,0.00013988308,0.00020950752,0.00017986205],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00050725415,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00032479485,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.70256114,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010824785,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000038239403,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.25798938},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1988764433","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450780609","title":"Liquid‐solid mass transfer from horizontal woven screen packing in bubble column reactors","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"","keywords":"Mass transfer; Bubble; Column (typography); Materials science; Mechanics; Chromatography; Physics; Chemistry; Mechanical engineering; Engineering","score_opus":0.00409413135930516,"score_gpt":0.1594223128940261,"score_spread":0.15532818153472094,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1988764433","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9973387,0.0005784593,0.0009718101,0.00009801662,0.00023635442,0.00006172591,0.000028703313,0.000029234518,0.00065699307],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99922574,0.00002147623,0.00036735894,0.000027920973,0.00028094917,0.0000019228014,0.0000067373408,0.000054666292,0.000013250971],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989329,0.000008740809,0.00038084245,0.00009229477,0.00015325175,0.00043196895],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99938077,0.00006364445,0.00001539245,0.00014207886,0.000025456284,0.00037263118],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018432268,0.00017332382,0.00026696568,0.00013479145,0.000032017902,0.000065801534,0.00031591536,0.00012481623,0.00018321295],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000027770682,0.00016105814,0.000105327665,0.00019875752,0.000026995505,0.00014720722,0.000004161001,0.00061789836,0.0000068217096],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000034909175,0.000006050227,0.0002618519,0.000022240061,0.00011700625,0.00022010872,0.00091056974,0.35013595,0.6456075,0.00015889638,0.00016772213,0.002357235],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0023579586,0.00018354887,0.0019905001,0.0012759586,0.00013540062,0.0002258117,0.00010414269,0.696729,0.28516135,0.00037965315,0.010021675,0.0014349952],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004637353,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0026910552,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3604461,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00041008528,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000111045876,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.70103216},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1988935177","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450810306","title":"Bubble Dynamics Measurements Using Four‐Point Optical Probe","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":64,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Bubble; Calibration; Optics; Point (geometry); Optical instrument; Physics; Mechanics; Mathematics; Geometry","score_opus":0.018247221404497294,"score_gpt":0.1816355164621653,"score_spread":0.163388295057668,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1988935177","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8869517,0.00074898615,0.10914168,0.00012807043,0.0010547878,0.00012695353,0.0000049640926,0.00004733662,0.0017955115],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98917633,0.0000019472602,0.010634443,0.000023204757,0.000103027436,0.0000012196554,7.760637e-7,0.00005024361,0.000008778986],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99893194,0.000009368682,0.00033993117,0.00007471468,0.00020880475,0.00043524467],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992254,0.000035812678,0.00003835412,0.00015161221,0.00009783283,0.00045102797],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000441745,0.00016584405,0.00020688999,0.00012731926,0.000058112,0.00007573502,0.00024104866,0.00009128677,0.00001832228],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017159212,0.00014118676,0.00010279417,0.00017997956,0.000034443605,0.00010898213,0.000007992407,0.0004563434,0.0000029466046],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002249496,0.0000050216545,0.00018128501,0.000056213852,0.00011549875,0.000060478123,0.000108684304,0.7926379,0.19918738,0.007254234,0.00009117032,0.00029987717],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00034658576,0.000015284102,0.000028855244,0.00016133206,0.000058726153,0.000727328,0.000018086677,0.9342507,0.06316054,0.0004495423,0.0004919276,0.00029109404],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00013758709,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00023644538,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1416128,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008388722,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00023312605,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.57574284},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1989653818","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450800418","title":"Laminar Mixing in Eccentric Stirred Tank Systems","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":115,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Impeller; Laminar flow; Mixing (physics); Mechanics; Concentric; Flow visualization; Flow (mathematics); Circulation (fluid dynamics); Displacement (psychology); Plane (geometry); Materials science; Physics; Mathematics; Geometry","score_opus":0.006402010507312397,"score_gpt":0.14887633522239402,"score_spread":0.14247432471508162,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1989653818","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98644334,0.0094322525,0.0017987029,0.00023513254,0.001176804,0.00010251235,0.0000058375317,0.000042991043,0.00076240307],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99950737,0.000024140623,0.00018872641,0.000010975527,0.00019116179,0.0000017974845,5.8314873e-7,0.000033506665,0.000041766813],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990882,0.000007547069,0.0003395973,0.00006021862,0.00012653988,0.00037787165],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994755,0.00006325424,0.000033919616,0.00011709718,0.000034229815,0.00027599913],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020084012,0.00012899832,0.00020007824,0.00024957166,0.000026910437,0.00007029258,0.0002640397,0.000075682765,0.000023673172],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000086760585,0.0001117081,0.00006091995,0.000302008,0.000018294379,0.00009309323,0.0000073140122,0.00043092284,0.0000067125775],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[9.871231e-7,0.000003457189,0.00014589808,0.00006725892,0.000032664648,0.00020574899,0.00036362495,0.9709891,0.026030723,0.00046404562,0.00091952353,0.00077698665],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002373333,0.00000714511,0.00006936523,0.00018840934,0.000011247486,0.00023555986,0.000015934984,0.99463516,0.0018911834,0.000014904959,0.002542716,0.00015100645],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004336829,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000164913,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02413954,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004262127,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000033408855,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4555324},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1990017048","doi":"10.1002/cjce.21810","title":"Study on the flow structure and its effects on the interaction and formation of cryogenic taylor bubbles by PIV technique and POD analysis","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Turbulence; Particle image velocimetry; Mechanics; Taylor microscale; Curvature; Optics; Flow (mathematics); Physics; Tube (container); Geometry; Turbulence kinetic energy; Mathematics; Materials science","score_opus":0.003296993996897557,"score_gpt":0.16594043897487537,"score_spread":0.1626434449779778,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1990017048","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9981831,0.00032205234,0.00093646947,0.0002929246,0.000038890845,0.00020194016,0.000006420841,0.0000058765727,0.000012358882],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99986875,0.000009203937,0.00004615128,0.000026676787,0.000028627614,0.000007541533,9.302806e-7,0.000011168776,9.623574e-7],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995886,0.000015921865,0.00015584622,0.00004741102,0.000083495,0.000108735454],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99955857,0.00019747509,0.00004144219,0.00008083727,0.00003341706,0.000088285655],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016398517,0.00009865982,0.00013517535,0.0001111973,0.00004831086,0.000056988527,0.00009012013,0.000041121417,0.0000049538453],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007820556,0.00005361413,0.00003066007,0.0001327101,0.000014450064,0.000088838,0.000009120078,0.00027864665,1.3154249e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007041273,0.0000054074353,0.00012299587,0.000078822515,0.00040101347,0.0000034712361,0.0012545756,0.05515374,0.9400582,0.00046780918,0.00014701698,0.0022999567],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00019977702,0.00009085652,0.0011915902,0.000118648415,0.00018518123,0.00006122526,0.00015705873,0.680536,0.3171594,0.00014511355,0.000025401598,0.00012976176],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010012299,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007553518,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.62538224,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000056581128,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000071219474,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.21863209},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1990200249","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2007.02.004","title":"Solid phase hydrodynamics of three-phase fluidized beds—A convective/dispersive mixing model","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Journal","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Mixing (physics); Convective mixing; TRACER; Convection; Mechanics; Dispersion (optics); Particle (ecology); Phase (matter); Bubble; Work (physics); Materials science; Residence time distribution; Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Flow (mathematics); Optics; Geology; Physics; Nuclear physics","score_opus":0.007998398973603781,"score_gpt":0.26663660479720497,"score_spread":0.2586382058236012,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1990200249","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.45774227,0.00035747234,0.54126656,0.0000071273407,0.00028672372,0.000066880966,0.000013795797,0.000108487686,0.00015065569],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9730767,0.00006390668,0.026462616,0.000011240105,0.00025901274,0.0000030587703,0.000014749889,0.00009989627,0.000008812217],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981538,0.0000041543144,0.00069577363,0.0002020721,0.0002988023,0.0006453707],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99908864,0.00011005031,0.00008844304,0.00021629511,0.00013195333,0.0003645961],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00042777308,0.0003323837,0.0004734781,0.00026010931,0.00005907693,0.00004163096,0.00029394586,0.00019832705,0.000019914725],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013252093,0.00035494615,0.0002492938,0.00025288085,0.00005196398,0.00020208831,0.00005399753,0.0007666432,0.0000036666604],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004225371,0.00007457718,0.000004108629,0.000063553394,0.00010338712,0.000039223967,0.00016769361,0.32949868,0.6685969,0.00032232582,0.00006277681,0.0010244873],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0024155048,0.00004103183,0.0000019543065,0.000103395265,0.000042694748,0.0001429673,0.000021471056,0.71937215,0.27745986,0.000099076526,0.000032002907,0.00026787032],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000015731594,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.487342e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5153344,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00029944026,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000042118605,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99989027},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1990520856","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2014.03.065","title":"Oxygen mass transfer and hydrodynamic behaviour in wastewater: Determination of local impact of surfactants by visualization techniques","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":83,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Mass transfer; Aeration; Chemistry; Bubble; Oxygen; Pulmonary surfactant; Planar laser-induced fluorescence; Mass transfer coefficient; Critical micelle concentration; Diffusion; Limiting oxygen concentration; Chemical engineering; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Micelle; Chromatography; Thermodynamics; Aqueous solution; Mechanics; Fluorescence; Organic chemistry; Optics","score_opus":0.011881175158120058,"score_gpt":0.3005081706040685,"score_spread":0.28862699544594844,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1990520856","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9510183,0.000024953606,0.048663232,0.0000041128947,0.000009939578,0.00015520837,0.000015606487,0.000022668282,0.00008602487],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996609,0.000046753587,0.00018522327,3.3500663e-7,0.000003902286,0.000009425236,0.000039422648,0.00002449248,0.000029548031],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991489,0.00007856179,0.00021756787,0.000112619564,0.00020188683,0.00024048453],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997769,0.000013520643,0.000005667421,0.00010764516,0.000059654798,0.000036588473],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006885945,0.000080117024,0.00014532004,0.00026676565,0.00001614106,0.000014339868,0.00008440983,0.00008205669,0.000010503163],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000005242165,0.00006172845,0.000025920946,0.00011409026,0.00005576962,0.000102276914,0.000021990341,0.00010811114,9.404534e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012323909,0.000019152518,0.0051984186,0.00011274989,0.000004672547,9.1119176e-7,0.0003922013,0.00081236026,0.9894335,0.000024397665,0.0000048756356,0.0039844103],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00014637498,0.00011181626,0.002698392,0.00004265185,0.0000019023427,9.219627e-7,0.00001775322,0.43655515,0.56025106,0.00011399353,0.000003836011,0.00005618154],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00046289724,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007637181,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4357428,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007866011,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006277598,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.25172132},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1990557878","doi":"10.3139/217.2470","title":"Experimental Flow Visualization and Residence Time Distributions in a Co-Kneader","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Polymer Processing","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Residence time distribution; Mixing (physics); Residence time (fluid dynamics); Flow (mathematics); Dispersion (optics); Mechanics; Materials science; Optics; Physics; Engineering","score_opus":0.008676722893446322,"score_gpt":0.2751418831263326,"score_spread":0.26646516023288624,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1990557878","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.92926186,0.0081673,0.05724385,0.00009230117,0.0003323562,0.00007742079,0.00002999638,0.0001420967,0.004652827],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993386,0.000009724937,0.0002706442,0.000027640877,0.000107835396,0.00001183443,0.000056794954,0.000014346232,0.00016255057],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99952906,0.00000624165,0.00012940397,0.000079278,0.00010959304,0.00014640723],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99988,0.000012435919,0.00001598521,0.000034281773,0.000015853697,0.000041424188],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000062254076,0.00007349896,0.000056074543,0.00008160375,0.000041570456,0.000059385024,0.000055286146,0.00003374913,0.00005945833],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000010447665,0.000080569735,0.0000111642685,0.00007424489,0.000024343959,0.0004679863,0.000019352325,0.000054064127,0.000016539616],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000030277006,0.00027275144,0.024809008,0.00010365355,0.000056389756,0.000010995753,0.009707025,0.0045856987,0.9154076,0.011786941,0.00089593744,0.03233373],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00023512417,0.00000505079,0.0042708055,0.000113720824,0.0000035564512,0.000023085491,0.00015248437,0.86886054,0.12585725,0.000048995542,0.00026399805,0.00016541728],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000010542037,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000013424868,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8642748,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007715637,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008744594,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.32855386},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1990609972","doi":"10.1021/ie901466p","title":"Slip Velocity in Downer Reactors: Drag Coefficient and the Influence of Operational Variables","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Drag; Mechanics; Reynolds number; Drag coefficient; Cluster (spacecraft); Slip (aerodynamics); Agglomerate; Physics; Classical mechanics; Materials science; Thermodynamics; Computer science","score_opus":0.023541113057863855,"score_gpt":0.2646644934105204,"score_spread":0.24112338035265654,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1990609972","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99865365,0.00014761186,0.00007374803,0.00014980396,0.000051542163,0.00016665395,0.000010015873,0.000041837167,0.00070514384],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996714,0.00004508091,0.000046662768,0.000004798622,0.00014984532,0.000015513455,0.000008161475,0.00001246673,0.000046092944],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99887514,0.000024368279,0.00027932727,0.00015996535,0.0003415395,0.00031968005],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993106,0.00031816837,0.0000145048225,0.00019524903,0.00009109014,0.000070347545],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011633034,0.0001223852,0.00018834174,0.00007672481,0.00004680492,0.00006002335,0.00021784607,0.00017408383,0.00001278512],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006221741,0.00009923632,0.00002607766,0.00043035453,0.000095223324,0.00007522182,0.000054010554,0.0007555492,8.792149e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000021671549,0.000013545677,0.00009348123,0.000028475955,0.00000933404,0.0000030985357,0.00011691476,0.5615362,0.43713275,0.00062821904,0.000083843035,0.00033248094],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0025904847,0.000028778177,0.003396832,0.00027882223,0.0000067979163,0.000013436469,0.000051394105,0.83429295,0.15770283,0.00013397161,0.0012313826,0.00027233345],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008578592,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":8.6016234e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2794299,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000115298266,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007417578,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.40467396},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1991284484","doi":"10.1016/j.mineng.2012.04.010","title":"The effect of bubble release techniques on their behaviour at the initial stages of rise","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Minerals Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Aalto-Yliopisto; McGill University","keywords":"Bubble; Mechanics; Materials science; Process engineering; Chemical engineering; Engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.00596985008503251,"score_gpt":0.2184953882027275,"score_spread":0.21252553811769498,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1991284484","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9959763,0.0018492971,0.00065805233,0.000023778144,0.00027540902,0.0002064577,0.000028921371,0.00014192676,0.00083983137],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992786,0.00012619443,0.00016495229,0.0000040743034,0.00011962162,0.000048886435,0.000004738037,0.0000478332,0.00020508195],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999257,0.000024695659,0.00023310726,0.00007346428,0.00012605285,0.0002856645],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99925786,0.0003240246,0.00003676926,0.00030489173,0.00002730299,0.000049156857],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00041291767,0.00017859573,0.00019794465,0.000059108377,0.000053173928,0.000011757454,0.00017132735,0.000060324597,0.000007282702],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000080506245,0.00010182944,0.00008728449,0.0001252841,0.000030515688,0.00006474404,0.00005686202,0.00015734373,0.0000024531469],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000030620213,0.0000162208,0.0032214245,0.00020405249,0.00007601162,0.0000021446392,0.00028067527,0.10698334,0.8815587,0.0007866837,0.0015200578,0.0053200275],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00016751832,0.000113779235,0.0013219577,0.00010481654,0.000028834169,0.0000059717745,0.000010397243,0.031316638,0.9615855,0.000002037788,0.005181041,0.00016147902],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000027756303,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000056355716,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08002679,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000042831674,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003207698,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.41524842},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1991399612","doi":"10.1021/ie901854d","title":"Performance of Four Axial Flow Impellers for Agitation of Pulp Suspensions in a Laboratory-Scale Cylindrical Stock Chest","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Impeller; Pulp (tooth); Materials science; Mechanics; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental science; Chromatography; Petroleum engineering; Chemistry; Engineering; Physics; Medicine","score_opus":0.04317332096204393,"score_gpt":0.2859155813909165,"score_spread":0.24274226042887256,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1991399612","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99890757,0.000016884575,0.0001339856,0.000029358493,0.00030005697,0.00029563767,0.00005611756,0.00004293802,0.0002174604],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99860436,0.000013053456,0.0008941478,4.6298078e-7,0.00033137726,0.000051369338,0.000027059248,0.000043191634,0.000034962148],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986355,0.000010822813,0.00041476003,0.00018639781,0.00032366219,0.0004289152],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99896395,0.00030354527,0.0000335116,0.0002542019,0.00032745322,0.00011731479],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00081746164,0.00014674511,0.00027091286,0.0001612822,0.000033324406,0.000017999608,0.00024061184,0.00035952075,0.000024564835],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008360492,0.00016717467,0.000064553766,0.00058836286,0.00006198117,0.00008818524,0.00005179745,0.0010529706,0.0000013525613],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004214708,0.000025634448,0.0008194037,0.00021311945,0.000013912511,0.000001464271,0.00008821094,0.124111705,0.8735401,0.000010760172,0.00012956429,0.0010039887],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006763657,0.00003532734,0.00041017955,0.0000744687,0.0000036536544,0.0000017142022,0.000031196752,0.56198955,0.4364155,0.0000027534893,0.0002568573,0.00010246297],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000020005762,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000015469397,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4378778,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009666339,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015555296,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6817185},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1991579202","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450810317","title":"2D Slurry Bubble Column Hydrodynamic Phenomena Clarified with a 3D Gas—Liquid Model","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Slurry; Column (typography); Mechanics; Two-dimensional gas; Dimension (graph theory); Chemistry; Materials science; Thermodynamics; Physics; Geometry; Gas chromatography; Chromatography; Mathematics","score_opus":0.004221527497285873,"score_gpt":0.14938180324237094,"score_spread":0.14516027574508505,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1991579202","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96655977,0.0007548074,0.02934644,0.00009842811,0.0002601029,0.000105053216,0.000009085034,0.000054575372,0.0028117646],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99608886,0.000008627759,0.0036213598,0.000054487395,0.000099317615,0.000004583503,0.0000020535556,0.00007520809,0.00004548827],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99886537,0.000008649291,0.00032376903,0.000104261424,0.0001817851,0.00051614485],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99912286,0.00003983764,0.00004855792,0.00021413705,0.00007304081,0.00050155504],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026860207,0.00021402654,0.0002670761,0.0001487073,0.00007891955,0.00006721071,0.0002931051,0.000108752705,0.000022415625],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000056610505,0.00017592784,0.00008033882,0.00022572505,0.000048555317,0.0001234975,0.0000076034416,0.000655168,0.000003453616],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008666287,0.00000324372,0.0000052635623,0.000031358348,0.0000700342,0.0000362955,0.00023176635,0.93702835,0.06029004,0.0021215116,0.00009671884,0.00007674074],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003720738,0.000037761198,0.0000019809804,0.000090985515,0.000041397885,0.0002537955,0.00001238491,0.9903206,0.0074310726,0.00014636133,0.0010428843,0.00024865972],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00020261848,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00047578115,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.05329228,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00044065248,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003633949,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7174129},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1991650304","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20611","title":"Analysis of energy dissipation in stirred suspension polymerisation reactors using computational fluid dynamics","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Breakage; Dissipation; Mechanics; Coalescence (physics); Computational fluid dynamics; Vortex; Turbulence; Impeller; Population; Breakup; Particle (ecology); Materials science; Rushton turbine; Homogeneity (statistics); Thermodynamics; Physics; Computer science; Composite material","score_opus":0.010788217888484499,"score_gpt":0.18281280165720468,"score_spread":0.17202458376872018,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1991650304","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9561928,0.0001266446,0.043442428,0.000012883535,0.00014383133,0.00001919322,0.000008205448,0.0000074475533,0.00004657615],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985996,0.0000025293746,0.0013292164,0.000004369422,0.000024565252,3.7715932e-7,0.000020996382,0.000017288177,0.0000010551923],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992793,0.000009182583,0.0003812514,0.000052708863,0.00012149035,0.00015606223],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995988,0.000047423466,0.000078212186,0.000081856066,0.0000672274,0.0001264881],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014532461,0.00009427906,0.00020838942,0.00056715665,0.00001755605,0.000012292032,0.00012120845,0.00006262201,0.000014185413],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000044439566,0.000086659915,0.000088605804,0.0005627123,0.000023911953,0.00010027362,0.0000060156895,0.00013370326,8.116914e-8],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000455205,0.000003860961,0.0017367676,0.000008523444,0.00012898583,0.000006628747,0.00037716984,0.9433542,0.053024676,0.00091318693,0.0000020978819,0.00043935885],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00010075642,0.0000061848637,0.0057776533,0.000042090407,0.000106540254,0.000010247959,0.000017797458,0.98413104,0.009621444,0.00010019018,0.0000022743293,0.00008376378],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0044230614,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003193017,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.04340323,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00038505782,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009011259,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6686375},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1991800466","doi":"10.1115/pvp2006-icpvt-11-93878","title":"Two-Phase Damping and Interface Surface Area in Tubes With Internal Flow","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Mechanics; Piping; Bubble; Flow (mathematics); Two-phase flow; SPHERES; Phase (matter); Slug flow; Tube (container); Materials science; Physics; Thermodynamics; Composite material","score_opus":0.004354530331841392,"score_gpt":0.20919533872928844,"score_spread":0.20484080839744706,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1991800466","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8717912,0.00028639543,0.11923254,0.000015167673,0.00005928724,0.00005023635,0.000002605762,0.000093464754,0.00846913],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99171335,0.000014420084,0.007969117,0.000009598751,0.000017406386,0.0000014662631,0.000003206546,0.000019584757,0.00025186795],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995436,0.0000045175316,0.00012229974,0.00011531097,0.000051378844,0.00016286799],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998581,0.000020062926,0.000004454021,0.000079341145,0.000009283371,0.000028785927],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000057981513,0.000104807936,0.00010575035,0.000047662546,0.000014152203,0.000048436425,0.000051514908,0.000022459139,0.0000248757],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000021260691,0.000088666886,0.000010503603,0.000071005394,0.000015908852,0.00010429429,0.000025472895,0.00009857457,0.0000033504114],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000023680339,0.000033001703,0.01109782,0.000036819656,0.000016858907,0.000030721625,0.0002031672,0.9181445,0.06772807,0.00076446886,0.00020688116,0.0017139738],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00095255976,0.000028659224,0.00065213523,0.000088784465,0.0000030171375,0.000019546429,0.000079929596,0.98979616,0.008071182,0.000050980136,0.00012055428,0.00013649583],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00052506896,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002032294,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.11992216,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003527357,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004015126,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.36157307},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1991892991","doi":"10.1115/1.3120299","title":"Experimental Study of DRA for Vertical Two-Phase Annular Flow","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Energy Resources Technology","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Pressure gradient; Drag; Mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Adverse pressure gradient; Two-phase flow; Hydrostatic equilibrium; Volumetric flow rate; Hydrostatic pressure; Work (physics); Phase (matter); Materials science; Chemistry; Flow separation; Thermodynamics; Physics; Turbulence","score_opus":0.005834870684475875,"score_gpt":0.2527652467516535,"score_spread":0.24693037606717763,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1991892991","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98634,0.0014364615,0.011690169,0.00007827122,0.00014200257,0.000055993827,0.0000015989864,0.000058553855,0.00019697106],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9975687,0.000014165855,0.0022734655,0.000020690171,0.00009047638,0.0000038432436,6.286478e-7,0.000017967095,0.000010013012],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99913704,0.000010845131,0.00043526737,0.00008972228,0.00013028264,0.0001968425],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99961954,0.000026711241,0.00006474126,0.00016264964,0.00007344038,0.000052887255],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010361775,0.00011831526,0.00031926075,0.00039546366,0.000034257086,0.000010284237,0.00025085988,0.00011360084,0.0000059303898],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000031578726,0.00010606272,0.000089907204,0.00018962007,0.000040116876,0.000057365924,0.000024591922,0.00015124743,2.095858e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000377231,0.002886867,0.00028825877,0.000016031352,0.00032491484,0.00018143031,0.0010970602,0.09267308,0.85463595,0.007327077,0.00048213848,0.039709944],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.014700149,0.021161556,0.00016630409,0.000106381565,0.00016007623,0.00045171622,0.0038655465,0.4500981,0.48593634,0.0022224924,0.020625971,0.000505358],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002474306,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000039156116,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3686996,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004181043,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007975265,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.43251124},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1991943494","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20443","title":"Kinetic study of copper cementation onto zinc using a rotating packed bed cylindrical reactor","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Raschig ring; Cementation (geology); Copper; Zinc; Packed bed; Chemistry; Materials science; Nuclear chemistry; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Metallurgy; Chromatography","score_opus":0.010133385639426567,"score_gpt":0.20885798111116527,"score_spread":0.1987245954717387,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1991943494","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.998632,0.00006821882,0.00065771345,0.000019768464,0.00043848596,0.00011467081,0.0000030232068,0.000014538225,0.00005159537],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99734604,4.3737788e-7,0.0024295775,0.0000081515445,0.00017443717,0.0000018891345,0.0000013415429,0.000036760117,0.0000013623874],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.999046,0.000009549688,0.0004336856,0.000070239716,0.00018428137,0.00025621767],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99934393,0.00007666668,0.000082752056,0.00014182026,0.00009508806,0.0002597115],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002341559,0.0001345585,0.00022142784,0.00014329047,0.0000351739,0.000038639493,0.00021058506,0.00007087575,0.000016925731],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014978783,0.00011491523,0.000064678294,0.00017045836,0.000025375042,0.000088367466,0.000010944614,0.0005319272,6.256315e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000042938323,0.0000126267,0.00062757113,0.000024722314,0.00005894699,0.000014159539,0.0013005647,0.09369785,0.9037517,0.00012654185,0.0000139795275,0.00036708039],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009664697,0.00008680408,0.0010786267,0.000121260695,0.0001043826,0.00012706086,0.00021378076,0.92248213,0.07444652,0.000040865543,0.00007265127,0.00025941443],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0015373264,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0016822333,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8293051,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014089544,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000100795514,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4686107},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1991986817","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450810308","title":"Dynamics of a Bubble Column: Influence of Gas Distribution on Coherent Structures","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":44,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Distributor; Bubble; Mechanics; Column (typography); Aeration; Flow (mathematics); Circulation (fluid dynamics); Distribution (mathematics); Materials science; Scale (ratio); Chemistry; Physics; Geometry; Thermodynamics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.0029285766116886928,"score_gpt":0.16071207104501564,"score_spread":0.15778349443332695,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1991986817","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99736935,0.00020684428,0.0020558932,0.00003470255,0.0001339735,0.000046342535,0.000039396204,0.000006817754,0.00010668155],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996913,0.0000054451784,0.0002525047,0.0000052823934,0.000021603832,7.726935e-7,0.000004591403,0.000015996819,0.0000025181907],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993174,0.000006674084,0.00030980798,0.0000433716,0.00013303447,0.00018970922],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994995,0.000051931038,0.00007059346,0.00011660958,0.00009370317,0.00016763947],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014229558,0.0001000673,0.00018983026,0.000066069246,0.000018210032,0.000012344336,0.000171426,0.00006287335,0.000010122369],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001646411,0.00008553422,0.00006773539,0.00014588852,0.00004319529,0.000040040664,0.000004306095,0.0002556539,2.6888225e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000034245772,0.0000027918697,0.0001229783,0.00006196235,0.000037954596,0.000004927066,0.0000640833,0.9075131,0.07380468,0.018198205,0.000049884482,0.00013603638],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00066780084,0.00011506866,0.0014116972,0.0005379827,0.00007271023,0.00017028766,0.000035165227,0.5749599,0.4183516,0.0027925095,0.00053265074,0.00035267565],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00034163523,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002641425,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3445469,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00029271428,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00011752169,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.34879842},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1992991431","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450810330","title":"Important Factors in Bubble Coalescence Modeling in Stirred Tank Reactors","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Coalescence (physics); Mechanics; Baffle; Turbulence; Shadowgraph; Turbulence kinetic energy; Kinetic energy; Dissipation; Impeller; Eddy; Materials science; Physics; Classical mechanics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.010184264926909405,"score_gpt":0.17083009940982485,"score_spread":0.16064583448291544,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1992991431","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9974235,0.00075545325,0.0013312664,0.000037826892,0.00028531277,0.000049810176,0.0000026434682,0.000013131664,0.00010102623],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99952745,0.000016238606,0.00038359416,0.0000076076567,0.000028317254,0.000001104338,0.0000010256055,0.000031367454,0.000003317369],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99894375,0.000008178107,0.00046296924,0.000074123134,0.0001178363,0.00039314912],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995074,0.000050119546,0.00003411064,0.00011399815,0.000027354783,0.00026696853],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003389876,0.00014632604,0.00021867164,0.00025288787,0.000016780374,0.000033757315,0.00020700722,0.00008448533,0.00000899248],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000221074,0.00012528762,0.000056864734,0.00028455988,0.000016113381,0.000107814296,0.000004811259,0.000566888,5.24314e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000013819182,0.0000030662725,0.003583672,0.000020797894,0.000010753095,0.00008185981,0.0003578494,0.92482513,0.07052431,0.00054128753,0.00001451586,0.000035372726],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00024914983,0.0000058683677,0.00019420312,0.0001939711,0.000006052113,0.0000571157,0.0000511925,0.9826035,0.016116304,0.000168299,0.00016128925,0.00019305576],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011667771,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002924542,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.05777837,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00050100795,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018462297,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5109081},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1993091883","doi":"10.1007/s00449-012-0836-8","title":"Mixing characteristics and liquid circulation in a new multi-environment bioreactor","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Bioreactor; Froude number; Residence time distribution; Mixing (physics); Volumetric flow rate; Aeration; Residence time (fluid dynamics); Environmental engineering; Flow (mathematics); Chemistry; Mechanics; Environmental science; Geology; Geotechnical engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.009091795445422133,"score_gpt":0.17662018229456572,"score_spread":0.1675283868491436,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1993091883","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9810303,0.004528542,0.013880983,0.00000754907,0.00028224968,0.00013386547,0.00000685899,0.00011056431,0.000019099727],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99842745,0.00033315519,0.0009824287,0.000003717409,0.00018867884,0.000008814977,0.000008271996,0.000034888017,0.000012574667],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992781,0.0000030967133,0.00022563091,0.00013640824,0.000071588875,0.00028515],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997302,0.000011718222,0.000023919669,0.000079775535,0.0000053796707,0.00014900636],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011842939,0.00017355764,0.00018246136,0.00012762411,0.00002348279,0.00004301035,0.00003914838,0.00009679541,0.0000017618902],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000091073025,0.00017248577,0.00001638498,0.000089459085,0.0000071743193,0.00018866503,0.000026887637,0.00009016456,0.0000024435956],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009376188,0.000038858227,0.07532069,0.0016915663,0.000044114426,0.0000063552125,0.0014665283,0.0028527633,0.9119134,0.0004900257,0.0000045955317,0.006161745],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00054324575,0.000025206438,0.19638185,0.00041197165,0.000017934755,0.000042251977,0.00008699031,0.7965233,0.0037297443,9.378427e-7,0.0017048407,0.0005317638],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000045389927,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005407562,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.90818363,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000057319507,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005304887,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7033766},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1993215359","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450810213","title":"Energy Dissipation at the Slug Nose and the Modeling of Solids Transport in Intermittent Flow","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","keywords":"Slug flow; Slug; Mechanics; Dissipation; Flow (mathematics); Mixing (physics); Materials science; Geology; Physics; Two-phase flow; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.004290477739107179,"score_gpt":0.15823691874844506,"score_spread":0.15394644100933788,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1993215359","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9788711,0.0015031694,0.018954106,0.00023318965,0.00017536433,0.000043528158,0.0000029787916,0.0000048483253,0.00021168886],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997355,0.000036613565,0.00013826473,0.0000240505,0.00003687162,0.0000024293693,8.808716e-7,0.00001708989,0.000008301559],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99939334,0.000011780949,0.00028923928,0.000043608718,0.000089496825,0.00017250307],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996785,0.00006314599,0.000028551009,0.000102554026,0.000026372538,0.00010087084],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00033678918,0.000091539296,0.00015177217,0.000063335305,0.00003365478,0.000013590812,0.00014522241,0.00004164221,0.0000061403844],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000042513777,0.000051796877,0.000065658074,0.00009473452,0.000049613536,0.000043912787,0.000005552459,0.00022576535,9.786394e-8],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006342467,0.0000011556209,0.00004784664,0.000015462232,0.000024016243,0.0000060640946,0.0006869214,0.98731613,0.009042409,0.0020130735,0.00000892048,0.000831669],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00033578306,0.0000035961173,0.000047200356,0.00007567764,0.000018363748,0.000059860577,0.000024854728,0.99384403,0.0052074357,0.00018248534,0.00013729457,0.000063402265],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00060584664,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0017682287,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.020864371,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012869485,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000048429552,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.21122153},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1993462785","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20521","title":"Development of static mixers for miscible fluids in laminar flow with the use of computational fluid dynamics (CFD)","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Laminar flow; Pressure drop; Computational fluid dynamics; Mixing (physics); Mechanical engineering; Flow (mathematics); Physics; Materials science; Engineering; Mechanics","score_opus":0.018490324322401816,"score_gpt":0.17087642192053237,"score_spread":0.15238609759813054,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1993462785","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8917486,0.000088435365,0.10790145,0.000051111292,0.00007427128,0.0000954362,0.000017800588,0.0000049455575,0.000017967704],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8946716,0.0000012766126,0.10526987,0.000008740843,0.000012512656,0.0000035512478,0.0000049188106,0.00002342224,0.0000040653968],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992661,0.000004956242,0.00035486915,0.000048290884,0.00012257653,0.0002032476],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999526,0.00012396245,0.000055387347,0.00008672217,0.00009923328,0.00010865788],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021792865,0.00010630412,0.00018658435,0.00013455846,0.000024571747,0.000012082987,0.00020048434,0.000039325998,0.000004830615],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000414084,0.000073050076,0.000047011727,0.00015743941,0.000051012255,0.00006916044,0.0000075311073,0.00015392707,1.3709922e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014685607,0.0000054696493,0.000052695996,0.000102701226,0.00007301497,0.0000048547763,0.0021465837,0.9818167,0.014338979,0.0006478779,0.00007034059,0.0007261075],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00029331417,0.000023196744,0.00023239754,0.00015773797,0.000019716803,0.000021754695,0.00007340869,0.9832523,0.015597257,0.000060739214,0.0001726754,0.00009553802],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00019298043,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012851105,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0029230495,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002054178,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00024825044,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.29788956},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1993579749","doi":"10.1061/(asce)0733-9429(2008)134:6(833)","title":"Effect of Tank Size and Geometry on the Flow Induced by Circular Bubble Plumes and Water Jets","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Hydraulic Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":39,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Ministério da Educação; Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior","keywords":"Bubble; Turbulence; Mechanics; Plume; Flow (mathematics); Isotropy; Plane (geometry); Flow visualization; Geometry; Materials science; Geology; Meteorology; Physics; Optics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.003418491261545838,"score_gpt":0.16837043311719113,"score_spread":0.1649519418556453,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1993579749","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99490714,0.002504062,0.0021883654,0.000060833103,0.00017003626,0.00006885443,0.0000016105158,0.000022832057,0.00007628191],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99904746,0.0005412229,0.00028427353,0.00001901669,0.00006353448,0.0000017983436,4.945444e-7,0.000032719916,0.000009484956],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99927735,0.000016668819,0.00026335998,0.00007491208,0.00017423937,0.00019343861],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994965,0.00026304385,0.000036439436,0.00010401702,0.000021865668,0.00007811543],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003771383,0.00015830771,0.00028353196,0.00011327545,0.000041233525,0.00001844141,0.000093492126,0.0000672281,0.000008514719],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008125555,0.00009863893,0.000063012485,0.00008696673,0.000018030662,0.00010285118,0.00002546627,0.00029252662,8.9057215e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000127404455,0.000008819756,0.00021573817,0.00022763539,0.00014671242,0.00004642261,0.00037192678,0.16318727,0.8334399,0.000013781598,0.00015799115,0.0021710955],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001207299,0.00058905437,0.0028494638,0.00033766843,0.00007178536,0.00067428895,0.000019658582,0.58521736,0.40713975,0.000015166495,0.0015456964,0.00033278472],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000030262372,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.01652795e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4263001,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000029352856,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000043071523,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.40223786},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1993703310","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22107","title":"Distribution of mixing efficiency in a split‐cylinder gas‐lift bioreactor for <i>Yarrowia lipolytica</i> suspensions","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Bioreactor; Aeration; Gas lift; Mixing (physics); Mechanics; Lift (data mining); Mixing patterns; Turbulence; Coalescence (physics); Volumetric flow rate; Materials science; Chemistry; Environmental science; Thermodynamics; Physics","score_opus":0.005386286119731946,"score_gpt":0.17733186717736635,"score_spread":0.1719455810576344,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1993703310","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96910214,0.00027914188,0.029896649,0.00017764518,0.00032347967,0.000100138386,0.00001876289,0.000014939689,0.000087070206],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99910927,0.000003277132,0.0007039598,0.000014178425,0.00012967053,0.000002554866,0.0000072495923,0.000027474774,0.0000023390883],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990624,0.0000069913913,0.00040116126,0.00007233685,0.00010973356,0.00034734895],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99928856,0.0002010966,0.000054216707,0.00013396432,0.00007699815,0.00024513717],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00039517652,0.0001275215,0.00023681593,0.00012979022,0.000030422156,0.00002378969,0.00021959344,0.00008719799,0.0000041594767],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003945432,0.00010777464,0.00010984054,0.00020464405,0.000038883758,0.00006050439,0.000009032924,0.00029590927,6.322067e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013455169,0.0000156225,0.00024745663,0.00014680986,0.000050542505,0.000009347218,0.00038600026,0.32787,0.6581205,0.011394371,0.00027835424,0.0014675285],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00054745085,0.000033066077,0.0003510795,0.0002804062,0.000034264707,0.000046368583,0.000017864872,0.92471015,0.07237443,0.00029932405,0.0011040794,0.00020150733],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00023515798,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00031649563,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.59684014,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020910417,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010700546,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.43949226},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1993792002","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450800411","title":"CFD Simulation of Solids Suspension in Mixing Vessels","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":47,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Impeller; Suspension (topology); Mixing (physics); Computational fluid dynamics; Mechanics; Volume fraction; Materials science; Transient (computer programming); Volume (thermodynamics); Mechanical engineering; Thermodynamics; Engineering; Computer science; Composite material; Physics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.009031816332354578,"score_gpt":0.18071017752595972,"score_spread":0.17167836119360513,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1993792002","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99600464,0.0008255434,0.002581452,0.000072376184,0.00022294172,0.00003681161,0.0000013859982,0.000010801234,0.00024402935],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995512,0.000007994431,0.00031955453,0.000009394156,0.00008449859,3.7560767e-7,4.7213368e-7,0.000021355192,0.0000051820575],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99933106,0.000005007902,0.00031228055,0.0000418708,0.000100798075,0.00020896783],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99960333,0.00008477224,0.000037212434,0.00008959238,0.000043570137,0.0001415087],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016598217,0.000087327724,0.00016391944,0.00018258535,0.000015323832,0.000016937964,0.00014644457,0.000062570216,0.000028130366],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009994794,0.000077085984,0.00005407234,0.0001850621,0.000017785063,0.00008720353,0.0000059691024,0.00027358448,0.0000014448492],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[7.7669523e-7,0.0000015519919,0.000049893137,0.000023191924,0.0000091715865,0.000014378827,0.00028145235,0.87063026,0.12835906,0.00012880052,0.000032042026,0.00046939283],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001630972,0.0000066395287,0.00009510391,0.00013982938,0.000007140343,0.00002415409,0.0000064450933,0.9704806,0.028771132,0.00005470553,0.00017120394,0.00007994056],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00015703337,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00015014854,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.09985033,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016468289,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000023719305,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.31434754},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1993991433","doi":"10.1016/s0032-5910(01)00511-3","title":"Improving the efficiency of fluid cokers by altering two-phase feed characteristics","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Powder Technology","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Injector; Nozzle; Volumetric flow rate; Mass flow; Flow (mathematics); Mechanics; Mass flow rate; Materials science; Range (aeronautics); Dispersion (optics); Spray characteristics; Work (physics); Multiphase flow; Two-phase flow; Slug flow; Environmental science; Nuclear engineering; Mechanical engineering; Spray nozzle; Engineering; Composite material","score_opus":0.0053971528076240775,"score_gpt":0.20072868985072836,"score_spread":0.1953315370431043,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1993991433","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97121143,0.0013534848,0.025727725,0.00021689635,0.00031095464,0.00014106855,0.00002436259,0.0004480985,0.0005659506],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993249,0.000099126155,0.0004089888,0.000037960184,0.000023560235,0.000015544645,0.0000048360857,0.000034244844,0.000050823557],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991642,0.0000066937855,0.00026885045,0.00015614752,0.00008378025,0.00032031807],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99951893,0.000029395616,0.000050343973,0.0003447721,0.000028167118,0.000028413937],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008644805,0.00014292984,0.000191003,0.00014892817,0.00007081547,0.000016096443,0.00030598932,0.000110367524,0.000042494168],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000049645238,0.00012316265,0.000039707706,0.0002876798,0.00012114099,0.000042385025,0.0000776386,0.00021648346,0.000019169878],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000001767148,0.000040553547,0.00010729349,0.000038473358,0.000021943113,0.000005222859,0.0001236967,0.00019458475,0.96659905,0.0010296053,0.00044603227,0.031391762],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00075210066,0.00008882933,0.000025302876,0.000024002755,0.000022833196,0.00003099108,0.00010896957,0.8606318,0.13577417,0.00007445389,0.002240281,0.00022623768],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001563578,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000020743473,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8604373,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000038531758,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000036771567,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.50224274},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1994233472","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450810212","title":"Ultrasonic Measurement for Two/Three‐Phase Flow Detection","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Ultrasonic sensor; Ultrasound; Phase (matter); Attenuation; Materials science; Multiphase flow; Acoustics; Flow (mathematics); Two-phase flow; Mechanics; Flow measurement; Ultrasonic flow meter; Optics; Physics","score_opus":0.010439084048326603,"score_gpt":0.18376504787697132,"score_spread":0.1733259638286447,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1994233472","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.41128007,0.0018313667,0.5850055,0.00008326153,0.0013609398,0.0001941069,0.000009753259,0.000047026024,0.0001879462],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99764085,0.0000023434518,0.0021330107,0.00001328625,0.00016648897,0.0000062252234,5.976873e-7,0.000035013625,0.0000021958188],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992644,0.0000046323585,0.00023689233,0.000055448592,0.00013924958,0.0002993595],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994375,0.00004255334,0.000028079627,0.00010119609,0.0001078466,0.0002828005],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00045579477,0.000117806776,0.00014063517,0.00009467722,0.00005216982,0.000043382923,0.00013767215,0.00005080687,0.000010708261],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00025630146,0.00010086692,0.00010519325,0.000109565146,0.000014082154,0.000060690563,0.0000016014641,0.00024952655,0.0000013362529],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003577121,0.0000031487236,0.00000277125,0.000029901625,0.00006244505,0.0000053103495,0.000057417994,0.43194783,0.5626405,0.0005470453,0.000082579136,0.0046174624],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00079496944,0.000028609173,0.0000045814577,0.000058299815,0.000037493854,0.00012102197,0.000003844479,0.70728946,0.28792727,0.0002074036,0.0033817654,0.00014527416],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000082410035,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010031677,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.58636075,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004900234,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013871424,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.41132337},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1994523701","doi":"10.1002/cjce.21788","title":"Effect of liquid viscosity on hydrodynamics and bubble behaviour of an external‐loop airlift reactor","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Sauter mean diameter; Viscosity; Airlift; Mechanics; Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Materials science; Physics; Bioreactor","score_opus":0.002412157905061763,"score_gpt":0.1706132353283794,"score_spread":0.16820107742331764,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1994523701","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.999063,0.0002565382,0.00034718195,0.000023981807,0.0001555248,0.000085879736,0.000008541103,0.000011672882,0.000047671172],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995419,0.000007332947,0.00033526839,0.0000062803674,0.00006960459,0.0000018310868,0.0000014019923,0.000032358836,0.000004029704],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99924684,0.000013828636,0.00031390841,0.00006778788,0.00013551017,0.0002221538],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992721,0.0000997156,0.00007175236,0.00016491729,0.000057633944,0.0003338497],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00027877165,0.00014673482,0.00028382504,0.00013079707,0.0000174502,0.000022948754,0.00022467849,0.000083407125,0.000011224281],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000073274765,0.000114786555,0.000076021635,0.0000846026,0.00004286046,0.00012517857,0.000012341435,0.00033265774,7.446024e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002240893,0.000007603134,0.00028405816,0.00013527012,0.000045372843,0.000014238965,0.00015247606,0.10456449,0.8936317,0.00016099078,0.00001695702,0.00096444186],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00039648358,0.0004656228,0.0008133815,0.00033240824,0.00005815153,0.00010059006,0.000005322165,0.47337028,0.52424365,0.000023700934,0.0000133121985,0.00017707843],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014250628,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000120303965,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.36938804,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010743423,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000043093984,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.468086},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1994746269","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450800116","title":"Liquid holdup in concentric annuli during cocurrent gas‐liquid upflow","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Slug flow; Flow (mathematics); Mechanics; Work (physics); Flux (metallurgy); Concentric; Liquid flow; Thermodynamics; Two-fluid model; Two-phase flow; Materials science; Physics; Mathematics; Geometry","score_opus":0.005698281661003961,"score_gpt":0.15732593760480149,"score_spread":0.1516276559437975,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1994746269","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99478865,0.003807361,0.00023842999,0.00022204572,0.0006054849,0.000069543465,0.000006528025,0.000033076663,0.00022891175],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99947333,0.00008472068,0.00011054224,0.000023697272,0.000250727,0.0000028561087,0.0000010550715,0.000043267213,0.0000098246355],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987779,0.000008908162,0.00042180417,0.00009199085,0.00016472845,0.00053464196],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99925596,0.000047648806,0.000043592627,0.00015595871,0.000048897047,0.00044792116],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017045473,0.00018681113,0.00025277425,0.0002127096,0.000042388423,0.000050009618,0.00033541163,0.000092721566,0.000086329404],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000094995616,0.00016796228,0.000100292506,0.0003397972,0.000035267884,0.00012836352,0.000015528307,0.0006524861,0.000009914259],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000025072351,0.000013783068,0.00014328586,0.00013865615,0.0000756027,0.00042177632,0.0012508719,0.7215063,0.2748689,0.0003516742,0.0005811639,0.0006228749],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0014427936,0.00010278566,0.00019542543,0.0006140054,0.000041079766,0.00056073826,0.000033882738,0.8659562,0.1263579,0.000022142925,0.0040137554,0.0006592949],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00016343435,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00016252675,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.148511,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005364599,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000051251325,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.68493026},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1994791898","doi":"10.1063/1.2804117","title":"Separated two-phase flow regime parameter measurement by a high speed ultrasonic pulse-echo system","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Review of Scientific Instruments","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Ultrasonic sensor; Stratified flow; Transducer; Acoustics; Two-phase flow; Materials science; Ultrasonic flow meter; Flow measurement; Flow (mathematics); Mechanics; Physics; Turbulence","score_opus":0.01626377806569816,"score_gpt":0.2556637885748711,"score_spread":0.23940001050917295,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1994791898","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97341764,0.01573195,0.0018177531,0.000025048075,0.0032975413,0.0011415473,0.00011989212,0.00024453044,0.004204084],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.996341,0.002098016,0.0010557877,0.000050052025,0.00003116939,0.00001225355,0.00012508921,0.000040473988,0.00024618488],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9968079,0.000050233357,0.00093975506,0.00041413849,0.0012316036,0.00055638346],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99873966,0.000023332212,0.00016483337,0.00060105365,0.00025306913,0.00021808091],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003569183,0.00027924046,0.0005263978,0.00016799089,0.00012032751,0.00009751136,0.00041044294,0.00008411899,0.00015269958],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010156237,0.0002550082,0.00016194468,0.0007910251,0.00008028586,0.00018701347,0.000043727872,0.00017455402,0.00015107066],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000045655295,0.0005363936,0.00019381229,0.02966396,0.0005965212,0.000052368207,0.00016050914,0.000618611,0.3638589,0.0008084476,0.018825307,0.5846395],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0071023838,0.0002296084,0.00018000344,0.0686012,0.00046122304,0.00014815907,0.00008916827,0.6902093,0.1923419,0.00004402121,0.03883914,0.0017538952],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002854219,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009879422,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6895907,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00047128278,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007066639,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999902},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1995186500","doi":"10.1115/fedsm2006-98385","title":"Characterizing the Onset of Gas Entrainment in a Single Discharging Bottom Branch Through Flow Visualization","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Entrainment (biomusicology); Vortex; Mechanics; Flow visualization; Flow (mathematics); Stratified flow; Materials science; Two-phase flow; Horizontal plane; Plane (geometry); Geology; Physics; Geometry; Turbulence","score_opus":0.006470013280179591,"score_gpt":0.20199893700463142,"score_spread":0.19552892372445183,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1995186500","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.88560885,0.00013394123,0.110111296,0.0001191784,0.00014420545,0.00013544748,0.0000082649485,0.00007451712,0.0036642815],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984609,0.000035888726,0.0012899773,0.000060655013,0.00004454428,0.0000092465225,0.000037668506,0.000021229693,0.00003992737],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993624,0.000015010298,0.00023722346,0.000093088565,0.00010601793,0.00018627371],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998105,0.000030519703,0.000024041823,0.00011455291,0.00000953162,0.000010828331],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011289568,0.00009394599,0.00011117017,0.000040199873,0.000031332907,0.000029685107,0.00006992231,0.00003233373,0.000035782956],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000056735453,0.00007419263,0.00003320833,0.00015136052,0.000014582448,0.00012823647,0.000018179078,0.000066168825,0.0000031694726],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007866407,0.00014325255,0.005143566,0.00013495529,0.000025833308,0.000005573805,0.003543947,0.052352145,0.91335046,0.02127237,0.00032153848,0.003698496],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00036461392,0.000017537217,0.008110028,0.0001236697,0.000008175051,0.0000057760226,0.0001677654,0.9279652,0.060871914,0.0009096518,0.001266663,0.00018897318],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00015361545,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00014468546,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8756131,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006093375,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000053404033,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.30254874},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1995197651","doi":"10.1615/computthermalscien.v2.i1.20","title":"NUMERICAL METHOD FOR SPHERICAL BUBBLE GROWTH IN SUPERHEATED LIQUIDS","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computational Thermal Sciences An International Journal","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Cégep de l'Outaouais; McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Superheating; Bubble; Isothermal process; Mechanics; Boiling; Nucleation; Materials science; Range (aeronautics); Benchmark (surveying); Multiphase flow; Computer simulation; Thermodynamics; Physics","score_opus":0.015271153645048698,"score_gpt":0.3127909001766868,"score_spread":0.2975197465316381,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1995197651","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5429536,0.000017886498,0.45348305,0.00028745522,0.0019634413,0.00006442144,0.000008452487,0.0000425889,0.0011791154],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.76144177,0.0000055610403,0.23789303,0.00014138903,0.00047714537,0.000006730098,0.000011324238,0.000012088008,0.000010985466],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.998879,0.000029992641,0.00028518314,0.00016573697,0.00040367164,0.00023642185],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99930555,0.00016419374,0.000034857796,0.0000365928,0.0003367246,0.00012205748],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00063796516,0.00010824223,0.00011189728,0.00014078524,0.00013438304,0.00023687899,0.0005283261,0.00005504215,0.0001787743],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008375133,0.00009620529,0.00006943155,0.0001870218,0.00007129456,0.000505377,0.00002516292,0.00029533694,0.0000067931323],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000026878846,0.000060387225,0.004037555,0.0000026157952,0.000022970124,0.000009733576,0.00015404247,0.95806336,0.008930661,0.021026818,0.00008981627,0.0075751534],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00037467387,0.000079170604,0.013955071,0.0000095452215,0.0000020663733,0.000101633894,0.000025577512,0.97368354,0.00025343467,0.010876054,0.0005098018,0.00012942827],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000037466416,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000013221182,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.21848814,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000067798894,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008958546,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.39231378},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1995643151","doi":"10.1016/j.ces.2004.05.005","title":"Designing supervised classifiers for multiphase flow data classification","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Science","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Artificial intelligence; Computer science; Feature selection; Pattern recognition (psychology); Machine learning; Perceptron; Multilayer perceptron; Artificial neural network; Data mining","score_opus":0.035614452003525955,"score_gpt":0.24764505253228963,"score_spread":0.21203060052876369,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1995643151","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.08382937,0.00007593111,0.9149768,0.000041884672,0.00038131428,0.00016727019,0.000026792579,0.00040261543,0.00009805468],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6556354,0.000005093776,0.34417897,0.000012854839,0.00006498457,0.00002164747,0.00005264629,0.000025560827,0.0000028232255],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988091,0.000001067529,0.00018893447,0.0003766454,0.00019550452,0.00042871994],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991919,0.00005972914,0.000012671533,0.0005145288,0.00005044757,0.00017074619],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00030208955,0.00014522932,0.000123911,0.00011090018,0.000080855374,0.00008930173,0.0007628193,0.00006716387,0.00000182344],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003424225,0.0001621459,0.000032461066,0.00043106946,0.000098993296,0.0004405445,0.00008149632,0.00013893156,0.0000060108778],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000011869918,0.000005950105,0.0000019199904,0.000029549046,0.0000028001652,4.5847233e-7,0.00004204158,0.3785478,0.6188098,0.00044994385,0.000022096,0.0020864413],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00035814336,0.000005412991,0.000021230479,0.000034947316,0.000005830338,0.000002581548,0.000013732029,0.801829,0.19733949,0.00005089237,0.00016759703,0.00017116878],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000016837554,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.9649006e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5718061,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023114558,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000069262314,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6612118},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1995697208","doi":"10.1115/1.2388996","title":"Vibration Excitation Force Measurements in a Rotated Triangular Tube Bundle Subjected to Two-Phase Cross Flow","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Drag; Mechanics; Lift-to-drag ratio; Vibration; Lift (data mining); Bundle; Vortex-induced vibration; Added mass; Materials science; Cylinder; Vortex shedding; Structural engineering; Physics; Acoustics; Engineering; Reynolds number; Turbulence; Composite material; Mechanical engineering","score_opus":0.009252117468362311,"score_gpt":0.26083148458551064,"score_spread":0.25157936711714834,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1995697208","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.85101044,0.00082482013,0.14713798,0.00017594789,0.00033453834,0.00023751002,0.0000071302575,0.00013256293,0.00013905585],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98955613,0.000011248021,0.010214881,0.000015179382,0.000085435524,0.000015149957,0.000008367618,0.0000325314,0.00006110199],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987339,0.00003534282,0.0006124266,0.00013319352,0.00022434875,0.00026078182],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993723,0.000024995856,0.00013216745,0.00016314076,0.00026197275,0.000045444605],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00039771918,0.00015032083,0.00028475554,0.0008811951,0.00004141052,0.000055708504,0.00021710362,0.00019453061,0.000011831059],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015109761,0.00015387268,0.000054276225,0.0007931907,0.000023307406,0.00028712052,0.000022899,0.0002978181,0.000003886747],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000079630474,0.0001197163,0.0009405874,0.00003389995,0.000055107055,0.000020947815,0.00008790804,0.4153513,0.5811426,0.0003070332,0.00030938545,0.0015518827],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.011240495,0.00070894486,0.007262781,0.00026065085,0.000118330245,0.00014710534,0.000084631356,0.7727732,0.19708523,0.007133917,0.002683395,0.00050134026],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000024916842,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00011318568,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.38405737,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000093946386,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000033882603,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6274746},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1995716152","doi":"10.1021/ie050402l","title":"Volatile Organic Chemical Mass Transfer in an External Loop Airlift Bioreactor with a Packed Bed","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Bioreactor; Airlift; Mass transfer; Packed bed; Mass transfer coefficient; Chemistry; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Volumetric flow rate; Materials science; Desorption; Chromatography; Mechanics; Adsorption","score_opus":0.03430536436887649,"score_gpt":0.2659013985180431,"score_spread":0.23159603414916663,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1995716152","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.998542,0.000099427845,0.00046346767,0.000053005606,0.000078153644,0.00023201344,0.000022391374,0.0002699794,0.00023953676],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986112,0.00001356898,0.00028374756,0.0000027822127,0.0007692089,0.000051581777,0.000039686267,0.00012148931,0.00010674325],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99780035,0.000020080482,0.0003590946,0.0003879966,0.00055228913,0.00088020123],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990706,0.00010574306,0.000009750047,0.00039143043,0.00008569263,0.00033679797],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00045274684,0.000304498,0.00030569846,0.0001575612,0.000038414113,0.0001208128,0.00041741366,0.00043468515,0.00028202988],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000085651096,0.000309503,0.00005327902,0.00066231354,0.000059591333,0.00023564562,0.00003889402,0.0017309916,0.000017588884],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006586514,0.00004952534,0.00058253214,0.000059063575,0.000025172834,0.000046047255,0.00011555456,0.0122062955,0.98562306,0.00001671742,0.000053419517,0.0011567593],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015114747,0.000038394617,0.00006930369,0.00016588152,0.000006828485,0.000017853758,0.00003384297,0.20455544,0.7927502,0.0000049729147,0.0005056723,0.00034016368],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000026895339,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000014390485,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.19287288,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00047047192,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013320961,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999357},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1995825217","doi":"10.1007/s13202-014-0133-y","title":"Two-phase flow measurements under static and dynamic conditions for modeling the top kill process","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Petroleum Exploration and Production Technology","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Mechanics; Bubble; Slug flow; Flow (mathematics); Volumetric flow rate; Two-phase flow; Materials science; Physics","score_opus":0.02252932886863615,"score_gpt":0.28546072011848267,"score_spread":0.26293139124984655,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1995825217","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.38119626,0.00030647888,0.6131393,0.004860617,0.00034314286,0.000098081735,0.000002658562,0.00004447079,0.00000904347],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99705666,0.0001979048,0.0025696855,0.000034902416,0.00008192456,0.000023858414,0.0000056046288,0.000013865401,0.000015585665],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99943316,0.000016955611,0.0002576097,0.000096449156,0.00009419775,0.00010161042],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995875,0.000015957474,0.00008499479,0.0000886502,0.00019561213,0.00002730499],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003730246,0.00008286884,0.00012553408,0.00023455948,0.00013835245,0.00003448489,0.000053255404,0.000048914557,0.000001745388],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000098582146,0.00006434796,0.000020416164,0.0001098424,0.000040796738,0.00030408346,0.0000069231587,0.00014675745,4.075903e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002386015,0.000029335119,0.000022871967,0.000060894694,0.00004449583,1.4925075e-7,0.0002308522,0.95848864,0.020694649,0.0019842747,0.000058088688,0.018361889],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008543006,0.00012717248,0.0000063890584,0.000025502497,0.000038175232,0.000035760146,0.000768468,0.9560551,0.0010135296,0.04084521,0.00016068628,0.00006970445],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":3.2966142e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009609588,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6158604,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000320978,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014576212,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.26240334},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1996883377","doi":"10.1002/aic.14622","title":"Number density of turbulent vortices in the entire energy spectrum","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AIChE Journal","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Vetenskapsrådet","keywords":"Vortex; Turbulence; Coalescence (physics); Dissipation; Physics; Dissipative system; Inertial frame of reference; Statistical physics; Mechanics; Turbulence kinetic energy; Kinetic energy; Classical mechanics; Vorticity; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.0036980993923890525,"score_gpt":0.18582427294301043,"score_spread":0.18212617355062138,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1996883377","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9880206,0.00015627526,0.007866369,0.0002547891,0.00022616834,0.000013194364,2.2348866e-7,0.000010202559,0.0034521532],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992979,0.00015635652,0.000252327,0.0000891933,0.00014516605,5.005443e-7,4.0934108e-7,0.000008393819,0.00004970686],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994833,0.000036341164,0.0001735095,0.000041803098,0.0001257712,0.00013930572],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99978364,0.00003914968,0.00003528067,0.000099969984,0.000013704023,0.000028263183],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00035034452,0.000060899394,0.00009301923,0.000030976407,0.000031240674,0.000027288528,0.00013357437,0.000031070776,0.000039261682],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000015090436,0.000042579886,0.000047427016,0.00007115046,0.000011580586,0.00005616465,0.000012154855,0.00017254586,0.0000056474246],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008361929,0.0005490453,0.37625495,0.00034212894,0.00062998774,0.00044930782,0.012895822,0.25685182,0.08546378,0.16902408,0.02733514,0.070120305],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011025233,0.000095257354,0.19761881,0.00018482741,0.0000816306,0.0012485645,0.00042259117,0.73885155,0.01308111,0.01853345,0.028319566,0.0004601414],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005500733,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00018653233,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4819997,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000022215332,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000063286966,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.17363574},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1997160268","doi":"10.1002/app.40496","title":"Impact of impeller type on methyl methacrylate emulsion polymerization in a batch reactor","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Agitator; Impeller; Rushton turbine; Materials science; Emulsion polymerization; Methyl methacrylate; Polymer; Turbine; Composite material; Draft tube; Chemical engineering; Polymer chemistry; Polymerization; Thermodynamics; Physics; Engineering","score_opus":0.0057363761310181725,"score_gpt":0.24521390132025994,"score_spread":0.23947752518924176,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1997160268","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99455327,0.00023459482,0.0014772714,0.000014064315,0.00037308864,0.00004372224,0.0000010618907,0.000010209734,0.0032927247],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992721,0.000057777255,0.0005750516,0.000017392407,0.000051195362,4.4973294e-7,3.2067032e-7,0.000015097312,0.000010583257],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99893147,0.000012382799,0.00037300846,0.00011030566,0.0003467983,0.00022604168],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99945503,0.000057891746,0.00015479281,0.00016426654,0.00006350202,0.00010453475],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00057793665,0.00011501126,0.00023023544,0.00047716152,0.000025815687,0.000025276433,0.000271057,0.0000493276,0.000021478429],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002355694,0.00008832913,0.00006758032,0.00089861406,0.000067433335,0.00017791585,0.00002720405,0.00018423049,0.0000047830977],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007440157,0.000022435623,0.00021176021,0.0000060302627,0.00001055976,8.325427e-7,0.00040966927,0.006632435,0.9764667,0.0008320404,0.00001429836,0.015318817],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00065366173,0.0005715534,0.012055671,0.000079665275,0.000015969612,0.000011064838,0.000048187783,0.14678138,0.8392706,0.0002587822,0.00004231561,0.0002111502],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000033606786,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000020448776,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.14014895,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000097026095,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006914522,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.36019573},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1997286025","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.05.031","title":"Development of a scaled-down aerobic fermentation model for scale-up in recombinant protein vaccine manufacturing","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Vaccine","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Sanofi (Canada)","funders":"Sanofi Pasteur","keywords":"Recombinant DNA; Fermentation; Scale (ratio); Microbiology; Virology; Food science; Biology; Biochemistry; Physics","score_opus":0.01240303475366924,"score_gpt":0.22409366835075303,"score_spread":0.2116906335970838,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1997286025","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.93579763,0.00013000431,0.063083634,0.000023993269,0.00023139204,0.0006175102,0.0000029074092,0.000060992057,0.000051912495],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.95880383,0.00001413758,0.040578358,0.000007799988,0.00003065772,0.00018441625,0.00003222591,0.000038535276,0.0003100279],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99900126,0.0000063311554,0.00042919468,0.0001301636,0.000085722655,0.0003473451],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99971795,0.000010531216,0.000047401376,0.00013782935,0.000021588363,0.000064697415],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000263172,0.00015705166,0.00022493117,0.00016941928,0.000038499667,0.000008990495,0.00009013431,0.000061088635,0.000015623069],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000006469115,0.00015165287,0.000039751434,0.00009410605,0.0000010236897,0.00017740294,0.000033950768,0.000082219056,0.000005563912],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016565486,0.00023046715,0.003541217,0.0009114214,0.00006835476,7.191431e-7,0.0040913047,0.08947353,0.8405985,0.0004948586,0.00027262213,0.06015131],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0021615922,0.000022457227,0.019523777,0.0001926767,0.0000127529565,0.0000023167775,0.000059261307,0.7265829,0.25084692,0.00016184527,0.00018620334,0.0002473216],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007793041,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00012937073,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.63710934,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015625912,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001704221,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.61842245},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1997326620","doi":"10.1016/j.ces.2008.03.040","title":"Multicompartment hydrodynamic model for slurry bubble columns","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Science","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Slurry; Turbulence; Mechanics; Coalescence (physics); Advection; Annulus (botany); Mass transfer; Bubble column reactor; Breakup; Chemistry; Materials science; Thermodynamics; Physics; Gas bubble; Composite material","score_opus":0.011382343861526386,"score_gpt":0.2033612378465801,"score_spread":0.19197889398505372,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1997326620","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6965577,0.00006216809,0.3024752,0.000009468824,0.00022346734,0.00013374219,0.000008690454,0.00032431196,0.0002052373],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.95730263,0.000010586244,0.042435914,0.000014849599,0.000040764673,0.00005745932,0.000005732747,0.000031366428,0.00010070935],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988834,5.776189e-7,0.00017615294,0.00025257719,0.00020234259,0.0004849243],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99951935,0.000035947738,0.000010697177,0.00022007532,0.00004228622,0.00017164361],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011101867,0.00015378649,0.00015567333,0.000085922526,0.000116924966,0.00002653595,0.0003166104,0.00004857462,0.000002236171],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006301013,0.0001683646,0.000057973593,0.00027036533,0.00012047774,0.00015935158,0.000050115723,0.00011562699,0.000007864232],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[6.755366e-7,0.000007515329,0.0000045764064,0.000022168533,0.0000025637646,8.40944e-7,0.00007351648,0.595225,0.40418234,0.00037770323,0.000056683577,0.00004645547],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00020221695,0.0000058670257,0.000037069476,0.00001605047,0.0000039598053,0.000011911705,0.0000019687636,0.9582405,0.04109079,0.000041553365,0.00014073812,0.00020737005],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000016621344,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.6763425e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.36309156,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021849744,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004868473,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.68657094},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1998078112","doi":"10.1016/j.jmr.2014.10.001","title":"MR relaxometry of micro-bubbles in the vertical bubbly flow at a low magnetic field (0.2 T)","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Magnetic Resonance","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"","keywords":"Relaxometry; Magnetic field; Flow (mathematics); Field (mathematics); Nuclear magnetic resonance; Materials science; Physics; Mechanics; Magnetic resonance imaging; Mathematics; Radiology; Medicine; Spin echo","score_opus":0.0035554092085434657,"score_gpt":0.18321933778437932,"score_spread":0.17966392857583585,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1998078112","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9732551,0.023332266,0.001146109,0.00031599187,0.00029756516,0.000077422585,0.000002206963,0.000008338487,0.0015649954],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9939499,0.0012965206,0.004248547,0.00017986924,0.00011891725,0.0000026772364,3.3840283e-7,0.000020106936,0.00018312255],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99871063,0.00006857057,0.0005604799,0.00009771823,0.00031353495,0.00024906048],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99915874,0.00042243904,0.000053570988,0.00024647024,0.00005985519,0.000058944537],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005814611,0.00013274417,0.00028176277,0.00013720022,0.000026171343,0.000022801589,0.00036974734,0.00009323526,0.00009532141],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002843697,0.00009823717,0.00011016693,0.0002517729,0.00005158961,0.000058516605,0.00003984257,0.00033900305,0.000009604913],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006672549,0.00050268415,0.032105368,0.001121559,0.00005183621,0.0004385158,0.0040485007,0.03829998,0.38765287,0.00237242,0.038779624,0.49395937],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0048419223,0.004441272,0.27316037,0.0017407149,0.000120627934,0.0009746854,0.0002828276,0.6203637,0.016670827,0.0017355295,0.07486862,0.0007988942],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008511341,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000026075675,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.58206373,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000048817485,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001979777,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.40059957},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1998106865","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20231","title":"Enhanced mixing of Newtonian fluids in a stirred vessel using impeller speed modulation","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Reynolds number; Mechanics; Rushton turbine; Mixing (physics); Impeller; Amplitude; Newtonian fluid; Sine wave; Non-Newtonian fluid; Waveform; Square wave; Physics; Mathematics; Materials science; Control theory (sociology); Optics; Computer science; Turbulence","score_opus":0.007167560296872254,"score_gpt":0.19115331102093763,"score_spread":0.18398575072406537,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1998106865","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9796488,0.00038232093,0.019442322,0.00009066047,0.00025372615,0.00006725905,0.0000017135969,0.000012497539,0.00010066332],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973501,0.000005012963,0.0024952467,0.000012889186,0.00010777053,2.251426e-7,9.839557e-7,0.000022954331,0.0000048190323],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99909776,0.000006237923,0.0004175734,0.0000635325,0.00012506807,0.0002898194],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995535,0.000028624218,0.00005407276,0.0001150283,0.000056805453,0.00019195378],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001871917,0.0001304247,0.00023245763,0.0002519528,0.00002052205,0.000025837788,0.00019126148,0.000081743005,0.000008115786],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006553187,0.00012128745,0.00007436597,0.0002838298,0.000018476709,0.00012216535,0.0000050624035,0.00030416227,4.2233725e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000039254505,0.0000016054981,0.000013133473,0.0000127556705,0.000009002883,0.0000061603578,0.00022257729,0.45141786,0.5477225,0.000058733054,0.000008499377,0.00052322826],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00046943058,0.000011900389,0.0003857744,0.0002150701,0.000010871577,0.00003138533,0.000008615042,0.8765021,0.12210913,0.00011208551,0.000026299798,0.00011734666],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004424901,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000107965236,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4256134,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003107732,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001211383,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.49459586},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1998158862","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450840314","title":"Dependence of Holdup on Height in a Pulsed Plate Column Based on Binary Liquid‐Liquid Equilibrium Data","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Surface tension; Mechanics; Materials science; Binary number; Phase (matter); Flooding (psychology); Amplitude; Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Optics; Physics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.009422361971448306,"score_gpt":0.18466560677554603,"score_spread":0.17524324480409773,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1998158862","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9979001,0.00031076805,0.00066512765,0.0002400503,0.00026439867,0.00008419772,0.000056312096,0.000021178088,0.00045784996],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99942285,0.0000028246,0.00031735955,0.0000546663,0.00013202154,0.0000017983502,0.0000162195,0.0000443783,0.000007892508],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99880296,0.00001201769,0.00044979408,0.00012794547,0.00022504156,0.00038221397],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99914336,0.0001407674,0.000062541025,0.00039698198,0.00003871423,0.00021762439],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003611939,0.00017730129,0.00026795015,0.0002907517,0.000019480125,0.000029689372,0.0006631437,0.00010608345,0.000018824734],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000098813114,0.00015922269,0.00006547845,0.0002696224,0.00003691687,0.00012081399,0.000027110635,0.00052911305,0.000002147841],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000059225513,0.0000087868075,0.000012626605,0.00003651256,0.000011452157,0.00011161601,0.000018787428,0.7185473,0.28079236,0.00013495078,0.00024065327,0.000025769135],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004888001,0.00015048851,0.00008987517,0.00037913915,0.000013797467,0.00003390416,0.0000022310894,0.8963856,0.101878166,0.000015877573,0.0003734297,0.00018868715],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009919811,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007144784,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.17891417,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002742158,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00020383162,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6492913},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1998604440","doi":"10.1016/s0094-5765(03)00144-9","title":"A study of annular flow film characteristics in microgravity and hypergravity conditions","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Acta Astronautica","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Hypergravity; Flow (mathematics); Mechanics; Weightlessness; Gravitational acceleration; Gravity of Earth; Aerospace engineering; Acceleration; Materials science; Gravitation; Simulation; Physics; Gravitational field; Engineering; Classical mechanics; Astrobiology","score_opus":0.00544153651702739,"score_gpt":0.20565021874652478,"score_spread":0.2002086822294974,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1998604440","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99910754,0.00004334712,0.00028257645,0.000010057752,0.00007727669,0.00016105405,0.0000790178,0.00002782334,0.00021132141],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99870664,0.000013694499,0.0012099167,0.0000050277563,0.0000065851646,0.0000112294065,0.00002005065,0.000014850332,0.000012027245],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.999412,0.000027804588,0.00019309684,0.0001182581,0.000068611924,0.00018021042],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997188,0.00003335232,0.000019048884,0.00015841762,0.00001913034,0.000051281822],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010579344,0.00010368375,0.00018671932,0.000069343834,0.000030041016,0.000013523277,0.000053753793,0.000040282815,0.000018465533],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000032880427,0.00011374359,0.000019179844,0.000106171545,0.000032584372,0.000050115195,0.000019928788,0.00012744877,0.0000015523766],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000032417487,0.0024040162,0.81057674,0.0002601779,0.0002858305,0.00011450567,0.0048846225,0.0047530457,0.16403462,0.004110799,0.00043985344,0.008103382],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010257696,0.00018651105,0.95161647,0.000035585213,0.000044727243,0.000019435418,0.0007480364,0.04441259,0.0005011144,0.00016411375,0.0010154828,0.00023014308],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000015273275,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000058776815,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.16353351,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000021836839,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011013046,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.46383289},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1998655311","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22006","title":"An extended quadrature‐based mass‐velocity moment model for polydisperse bubbly flows","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Mechanics; Physics; Coalescence (physics); Compressibility","score_opus":0.006505919879138018,"score_gpt":0.18670034133924912,"score_spread":0.1801944214601111,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1998655311","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.32723203,0.0001862177,0.6716966,0.00026222947,0.00036777128,0.00010845999,0.000024120527,0.00004625511,0.000076289245],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97748643,0.0000011516346,0.022092076,0.00009321269,0.00025067542,0.0000065370177,0.0000063779976,0.000053656906,0.000009877298],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990716,0.000007194171,0.00028708918,0.00009346008,0.0001406735,0.0004000113],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990721,0.000051384555,0.000038241986,0.00020762945,0.00008147666,0.0005491639],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003465858,0.00017755691,0.00021911788,0.00012907639,0.00006086668,0.0000729142,0.00033766293,0.00010731579,0.000007604975],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000065051514,0.0001487151,0.00013114484,0.00009776991,0.000021169357,0.00010326019,0.0000038177523,0.00034422777,9.289711e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000053096956,0.0000030216963,0.0000018085866,0.00002924574,0.000022357382,0.000002460218,0.00011693362,0.8078124,0.18971886,0.0015975331,0.00012872856,0.0005613699],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00035614218,0.000023862016,0.000009198425,0.000042382864,0.000025960844,0.000012070253,0.0000050017516,0.9826159,0.01584942,0.0003693782,0.0005080536,0.00018261855],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009488134,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00027812299,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.65025437,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00030912244,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00016778873,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6064426},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1999085482","doi":"10.1021/ie061226z","title":"Numerical and Experimental Study of a Dual-Shaft Coaxial Mixer with Viscous Fluids","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Impeller; Coaxial; Mechanics; Mixing (physics); Laminar flow; Materials science; Flow (mathematics); Static mixer; Axial compressor; Viscous liquid; Computer simulation; Power consumption; Power (physics); Physics; Turbulence; Mechanical engineering; Thermodynamics; Engineering","score_opus":0.036353869892123955,"score_gpt":0.3087566506996572,"score_spread":0.2724027808075332,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1999085482","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9982561,0.00020742531,0.000285805,0.000005762967,0.00012479712,0.00029685601,0.000005998996,0.0001249399,0.0006922985],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99931616,0.0000043081895,0.00008256687,6.676276e-7,0.00041750303,0.00002660471,0.0000058959745,0.00006391684,0.00008236584],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982082,0.000014509498,0.00032411946,0.00027592335,0.00059430016,0.0005829323],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99924886,0.00016596126,0.000017391532,0.0002661531,0.00007816347,0.00022344892],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006879088,0.00021904225,0.0002848124,0.00012134353,0.00006455545,0.000051528314,0.00016575494,0.0002014249,0.00003623277],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008153889,0.00021515499,0.00003039751,0.00044288667,0.00007169049,0.00007156689,0.000095085314,0.0008045484,0.00000197168],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013630913,0.00023462997,0.00064588274,0.00006885229,0.00009151496,0.00012775147,0.0005415706,0.026545195,0.9710886,0.0000076604565,0.0001363236,0.00037572053],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003019777,0.000610056,0.00026484166,0.000109078916,0.000014674263,0.00007431718,0.0014647675,0.06916757,0.9245235,9.490521e-7,0.00038815493,0.00036236332],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000104454804,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002042459,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.04656514,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014605328,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000043160984,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.87737656},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1999439982","doi":"10.1115/1.1403024","title":"Effect of Flow Regime and Void Fraction on Tube Bundle Vibration","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Atomic Energy (Canada); Canadian Nuclear Laboratories","funders":"","keywords":"Bundle; Heat exchanger; Mechanics; Porosity; Materials science; Vibration; Two-phase flow; Vortex-induced vibration; Tube (container); Void (composites); Fluid dynamics; Flow (mathematics); Thermodynamics; Composite material; Physics; Acoustics","score_opus":0.002834415707874545,"score_gpt":0.20566367757204299,"score_spread":0.20282926186416844,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1999439982","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97119355,0.0020885495,0.025560556,0.00030404696,0.0003353969,0.000081483275,0.0000018357752,0.00007620584,0.00035835934],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99818164,0.0006281591,0.0010629477,0.0000070385277,0.000072614246,0.0000018003012,6.822121e-7,0.000015845344,0.000029253115],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994708,0.000023035342,0.0002322889,0.000068907786,0.00009965353,0.00010533924],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996172,0.00007215471,0.00010972196,0.00012067635,0.000054651962,0.000025584859],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002362696,0.00009252697,0.00023111496,0.000347834,0.000024836647,0.000010569359,0.00009370151,0.00019241933,0.000009350505],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008361319,0.0000784702,0.000037097623,0.00017317143,0.000030696046,0.00014372048,0.000015656287,0.00030548926,0.0000015680874],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00032252743,0.00012097231,0.0032959485,0.00043978705,0.00039845717,0.000062726416,0.00010680141,0.11704005,0.74515855,0.0020994856,0.0023320327,0.12862264],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0024126847,0.0050730105,0.0024323978,0.0004819357,0.00034131552,0.0011081025,0.00007610304,0.5664992,0.3786107,0.0030252577,0.03957156,0.00036774765],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000023328832,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000018121383,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.44945914,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000017529444,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000065423337,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.31999218},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2000072640","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450810338","title":"Liquid Dispersion and Gas‐Liquid Mass Transfer in Three‐Phase Inverse Fluidized Beds","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Dispersion (optics); Mass transfer; Mass transfer coefficient; Liquid liquid; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Viscosity; Particle (ecology); Phase (matter); Inverse; Liquid phase; Thermodynamics; Continuous phase modulation; Chromatography; Fluidized bed; Chemistry; Materials science; Composite material; Physics; Optics; Organic chemistry; Geometry","score_opus":0.00559946723631538,"score_gpt":0.17391742030753957,"score_spread":0.16831795307122419,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2000072640","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99303794,0.0009756822,0.0053817546,0.00015098123,0.00023539503,0.00006898352,0.0000048798897,0.000016724887,0.0001276317],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999296,0.000055529137,0.0005163134,0.000032110092,0.000058127243,0.000002004885,0.0000012163339,0.000036703008,0.0000019948347],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99914694,0.0000109572275,0.00030297972,0.00008050078,0.00011001887,0.00034863257],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993963,0.000043527365,0.000013071701,0.00011053372,0.000029015893,0.00040751992],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00030406128,0.00015994774,0.00022165541,0.00019184456,0.00003376821,0.000033978315,0.00015112098,0.00009917591,0.00003023049],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007902867,0.00013669908,0.00007245851,0.0001854956,0.000039428807,0.00011243469,0.0000042753986,0.00043715272,0.0000013003689],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000040749874,0.0000051242446,0.000020694883,0.000042139243,0.00003515268,0.00008895459,0.0003769786,0.033298824,0.964399,0.0014583843,0.000041216284,0.00019280963],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0032745309,0.0002157108,0.000011674446,0.00035704457,0.00007003141,0.0002903962,0.000052342493,0.4412633,0.55132747,0.00025356558,0.002334906,0.00054905907],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00019037873,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00059003115,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.41307154,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002260348,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010097262,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.55744267},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2000163563","doi":"10.5539/mas.v4n8p75","title":"Prediction of Riser Gas Holdup in Three- Phase External Loop Air Lift Fluidized Bed Reactor","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Modern Applied Science","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Draft tube; Airlift; Mechanics; Materials science; Fluidized bed; Newtonian fluid; Non-Newtonian fluid; Fluidization; Flow (mathematics); Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Physics; Bioreactor","score_opus":0.01221516034864164,"score_gpt":0.2205703802783922,"score_spread":0.20835521992975056,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2000163563","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8708288,0.000029787252,0.12721567,0.000008304254,0.0003283254,0.00018451604,0.00001491246,0.00010149708,0.0012882004],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9964922,0.000010883279,0.0033755496,0.000013216559,0.00005089083,0.00002593893,0.0000028342079,0.000019806515,0.000008654024],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99879754,0.000003033683,0.00026044273,0.0002798927,0.00034016598,0.000318936],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999475,0.00002024452,0.000037366703,0.00032626657,0.000036672478,0.000104443134],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004591695,0.00013079237,0.00016252906,0.00019377672,0.000054505206,0.0000321163,0.00034968398,0.0000727454,0.000018565357],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000020707623,0.00012934415,0.0000308045,0.0003567467,0.00017875829,0.00020283878,0.00006091766,0.00026590188,0.000009697874],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001842165,0.00004937489,0.00033277573,0.000012697882,0.0000020915215,0.0000016666422,0.00026531468,0.001850159,0.9890458,0.00092078856,0.000008847128,0.0074920347],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00077840517,0.000013781867,0.0013589103,0.000014389842,0.0000036042477,0.0000020758075,0.000006949863,0.7476583,0.2485604,0.0014884985,0.00002077472,0.000093883194],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000036735433,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000097599026,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7458082,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000048721122,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000052931275,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.52745014},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2000208604","doi":"10.1115/ipc2010-31671","title":"Experimental Studies of Small Air Bubble Motion in Turbulent Pipe Flow","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Turbulence; Mechanics; Reynolds number; Particle image velocimetry; Pipe flow; Particle tracking velocimetry; Physics; Flow (mathematics); Two-phase flow; Optics","score_opus":0.013157020844211121,"score_gpt":0.22919446839116586,"score_spread":0.21603744754695475,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2000208604","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99423283,0.00036906943,0.0029277147,0.000022007842,0.00035478667,0.0000605053,7.6147495e-7,0.00005920951,0.0019731],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9935778,0.00002157011,0.0062165204,0.000011016405,0.000023563678,0.000007785179,0.0000019548413,0.000010042806,0.0001297857],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.999677,0.0000026016075,0.00011772934,0.00006446805,0.000042767053,0.00009542242],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99986935,0.000009706931,0.0000066703565,0.00008332682,0.000013804619,0.000017155702],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000059428603,0.00006195831,0.00009296196,0.000047644924,0.000009411745,0.0000029638984,0.00004248257,0.000031095657,0.00002978214],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000058226774,0.000056524696,0.000021687887,0.000045182693,0.000012943433,0.000036287234,0.000019998115,0.000073609415,0.0000057207744],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000024158337,0.00005174177,0.00044338978,0.000044389195,0.000019704947,0.0000031662184,0.0010991559,0.06000998,0.9352167,0.0014378097,0.00016200045,0.0015095067],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002687057,0.000021412203,0.0014969758,0.000017317232,0.0000023281304,0.0000024063502,0.00047322913,0.61609024,0.38129038,0.00009380445,0.00014467591,0.00009854851],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000378451,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00021997248,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5560802,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000024958543,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000023924028,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.23050103},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2000312136","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2007.01.001","title":"A new method of entrainment fraction measurement in annular gas–liquid flow in a small diameter vertical tube","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ontario Institute of Technology","funders":"","keywords":"Entrainment (biomusicology); Separator (oil production); Repeatability; Mechanics; Materials science; Fraction (chemistry); Two-phase flow; Flow (mathematics); Mass fraction; Tube (container); Chromatography; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Physics; Acoustics; Composite material","score_opus":0.023164503217787253,"score_gpt":0.2368413544955552,"score_spread":0.21367685127776795,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2000312136","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5086367,0.00025053154,0.49022865,0.000040787167,0.00024231015,0.00031463723,0.000001615919,0.000025075457,0.00025968373],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.94239527,0.00010759201,0.057355605,0.000040652616,0.000047398957,0.00001980418,0.000010895222,0.000021667798,0.0000010968046],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983021,0.000056576864,0.0005489623,0.00022094538,0.0005568315,0.00031456896],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99965644,0.000020193791,0.000032170603,0.00011886707,0.00007075358,0.00010156096],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001996323,0.0001806265,0.00023016991,0.00028255413,0.000022889035,0.000023525909,0.000059009097,0.000088429726,0.000032060645],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000054795986,0.00019319082,0.000047369478,0.00022168526,0.000011570441,0.00019166511,0.000017109598,0.00015202347,0.000002226773],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00033035458,0.00015308372,0.008012181,0.0001804369,0.00008412264,0.000008099801,0.0018421443,0.01156641,0.6251028,0.00027003072,0.000071128,0.3523792],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0048277974,0.00045291576,0.051911317,0.0005266569,0.00007218766,0.000006759911,0.00054076035,0.6173514,0.32280686,0.0003777777,0.0006236261,0.0005019402],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00027207172,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018420597,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.605785,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007681643,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004065509,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7878093},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2001121416","doi":"10.1016/j.cep.2015.02.003","title":"Liquid backmixing in an inclined rotating tubular fixed bed reactor – Augmenting liquid residence time via flow regime adjustment","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering and Processing - Process Intensification","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","keywords":"Residence time (fluid dynamics); Mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Liquid flow; Residence time distribution; Chemistry; Materials science; Physics; Engineering","score_opus":0.014557416195803911,"score_gpt":0.23564869415907302,"score_spread":0.2210912779632691,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2001121416","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.968456,0.0017423924,0.028521383,0.00008807078,0.0001787654,0.0002442242,0.0000032537655,0.0006869827,0.00007897326],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9821312,0.000026865548,0.017269231,0.000041032643,0.00021297981,0.000086771826,0.000111239315,0.00010632396,0.000014348728],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99798477,0.000020412906,0.00064332725,0.0005458705,0.0002968678,0.0005087449],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99890655,0.00006849746,0.00011301393,0.00027320336,0.00036464995,0.00027407092],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005688838,0.00037241128,0.00038629287,0.00022276577,0.00006505005,0.00012983072,0.0002434552,0.00022947439,0.0000036632057],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006011201,0.0004082131,0.000037493875,0.00048091053,0.00004546935,0.0006930042,0.00006475039,0.00046821512,0.0000071459413],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001349568,0.00003857281,0.000043179127,0.0006974731,0.000014727854,0.0000074458976,0.0026423978,0.061017983,0.92592686,0.000015491236,0.000019981098,0.009440899],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003999218,0.000087511355,0.000036191133,0.0008529284,0.000021915974,0.000020233862,0.00016140626,0.8551445,0.14277984,0.000047882608,0.000026696347,0.00042095923],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000011461834,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001262224,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7941265,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019723145,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000066440974,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999837},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2001291711","doi":"10.1002/cjce.21838","title":"Pressure drop in tapered bubble columns using non‐Newtonian pseudoplastic liquid—experimental and ANN prediction","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Shear thinning; Pressure drop; Bubble; Mechanics; Materials science; Rheology; Newtonian fluid; Drop (telecommunication); Non-Newtonian fluid; Composite material; Engineering; Mechanical engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.0036585126075281936,"score_gpt":0.1608332123996353,"score_spread":0.1571746997921071,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2001291711","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9965711,0.0011505143,0.0017472432,0.00005004873,0.00029545603,0.000107120795,0.0000071048566,0.000014828624,0.000056546858],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990713,0.0000044794065,0.000731728,0.000013265135,0.0001299278,0.000004357568,0.000001173595,0.000033939108,0.000009842222],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99924386,0.000005510964,0.0002690624,0.00007597441,0.0001000098,0.00030560498],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99949855,0.000029729297,0.000029574823,0.00008697485,0.000037908445,0.00031728708],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010112597,0.00013328528,0.0001749941,0.00014182547,0.00004326376,0.000080792284,0.00013596185,0.00008971239,0.000029495617],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000034398327,0.0001227631,0.00003773199,0.00013292028,0.000035287398,0.00019201412,0.000013635542,0.00034280407,0.0000014876022],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002651737,0.0000026616835,0.00015971679,0.000028249668,0.000026571463,0.000010982007,0.00031641344,0.30995306,0.68938607,0.00001705122,0.00007234567,0.00002419777],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00028189036,0.000031040614,0.00041082644,0.00014791914,0.000019064279,0.0001779652,0.000031015974,0.96730465,0.031330884,0.000008750011,0.00013493304,0.000121059355],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0018494283,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00018121974,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6580552,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022357509,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000088884095,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5006134},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2001313355","doi":"10.1002/cjce.21652","title":"Effect of baffles on fluid flow field in stirred tank with floating particles by using PIV","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Baffle; Mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Impeller; Shield; Materials science; Drawdown (hydrology); Power consumption; Power (physics); Engineering; Mechanical engineering; Physics; Geotechnical engineering; Geology; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.003926785987554707,"score_gpt":0.17527438864220915,"score_spread":0.17134760265465443,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2001313355","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99754643,0.00065266597,0.0015044525,0.000044021403,0.00014808633,0.000051287338,0.000003696887,0.000010212547,0.000039159033],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988691,0.00000225565,0.0009848506,0.000012992252,0.000100189834,8.4832254e-7,7.078047e-7,0.000027875069,0.0000011818573],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992391,0.00001428676,0.00024748215,0.000044514683,0.00011755085,0.00033705976],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99938565,0.00023664371,0.000037361227,0.000093571434,0.000020020863,0.00022674906],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00036064375,0.00012754962,0.00021134445,0.000101612226,0.000021621538,0.000018751902,0.00013469358,0.00005807017,0.0000075392927],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015096954,0.000092912116,0.00004610152,0.00014736303,0.000019143608,0.000097392156,0.000005960456,0.0002854106,4.5927302e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001574426,0.000003079892,0.000589154,0.000060281327,0.000030475672,0.000007632913,0.00025604534,0.53227854,0.4647735,0.000029523771,0.00007542943,0.0018805617],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00025049585,0.00007263147,0.00002525763,0.000260968,0.000018511148,0.000032914057,0.00000814677,0.52469724,0.47449723,0.0000024121866,0.000040041425,0.000094163894],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003591814,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008627915,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.009723721,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016142728,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000038668877,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3788846},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2001590667","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20040","title":"Pressure drop and mixing behaviour of non‐Newtonian fluids in a static mixing unit","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Static mixer; Mixing (physics); Pressure drop; Mechanics; Newtonian fluid; Materials science; Non-Newtonian fluid; Drop (telecommunication); Complete mixing; Thermodynamics; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Physics; Turbulence; Mass transfer","score_opus":0.0063184056232406145,"score_gpt":0.17730831723381169,"score_spread":0.17098991161057106,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2001590667","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9956318,0.0014879388,0.0025347394,0.00006361652,0.00013573086,0.000062231076,0.0000073743754,0.000011382823,0.000065159045],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99751186,0.000028096862,0.0023398513,0.000011503537,0.000054348937,0.0000015507721,0.0000010551717,0.00003701515,0.000014710285],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99907035,0.0000080590435,0.00039600043,0.000072025636,0.00013394695,0.00031962802],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994315,0.00006582352,0.000046580986,0.00011943699,0.00005240948,0.00028426058],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021102923,0.00014749264,0.00027138303,0.00024784566,0.000039341878,0.000021381686,0.0002092973,0.00008154533,0.000008870439],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006952924,0.00013367643,0.000056558565,0.00021875404,0.00005950257,0.000107281514,0.000014728061,0.00045004592,3.7301947e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000063930192,0.000007893158,0.0072716484,0.00025484271,0.000098970166,0.00026031255,0.0031641172,0.36711487,0.6210965,0.00012970531,0.00010064855,0.00049412594],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000535024,0.00002678169,0.00609728,0.00048268656,0.000051486262,0.0005129357,0.000050676987,0.9628071,0.028944835,0.000035616114,0.00021614372,0.00023943148],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0012100722,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000384335,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5956922,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009250317,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001419627,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.54511666},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2001619053","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20086","title":"Binary coalescence of air bubbles in viscous liquids in presence of non‐ionic surfactant","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Coalescence (physics); Pulmonary surfactant; Ethylene glycol; Surface tension; Bubble; Thermodynamics; Aqueous solution; Materials science; Work (physics); Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Mechanics; Physical chemistry; Physics; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.005481092267114972,"score_gpt":0.173688251072573,"score_spread":0.16820715880545803,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2001619053","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9982254,0.001043931,0.00046044233,0.00004319884,0.000114753784,0.00004968373,0.0000046870773,0.0000050414046,0.000052898376],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99942553,0.00007358531,0.00045170487,0.0000042399743,0.000021701382,9.3182416e-7,5.0245524e-7,0.000018834593,0.0000029458702],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991062,0.000007123429,0.00044498706,0.00005571382,0.00013102154,0.00025491335],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99954337,0.000085099804,0.000052998843,0.00012791745,0.000046773355,0.00014385366],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021857265,0.00010637337,0.00026349947,0.00023688203,0.000011459434,0.0000034538903,0.00029676023,0.0000668085,0.0000043302252],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009413703,0.000094382885,0.00005725779,0.00029372258,0.00007337477,0.000084923115,0.000014547641,0.0003571933,2.9258413e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000051580614,0.00000498036,0.0010920467,0.00006565031,0.000008038764,0.00008746614,0.00040078483,0.63977545,0.35845387,0.000043983608,0.000011771448,0.000050799852],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00038967276,0.000045889614,0.0077254176,0.00086940086,0.0000070484466,0.00020352498,0.000029137713,0.83368963,0.15682767,0.000025633979,0.000018180763,0.00016878864],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0019309223,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00093463354,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.20162621,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000188562,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00024269675,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.38488224},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2001646152","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20674","title":"CFD analysis of two‐phase turbulent flow in internal airlift reactors","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":38,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Mechanics; Turbulence; Drag; Bubble; Lift (data mining); Drag coefficient; Reynolds number; Materials science; Physics","score_opus":0.008514608258629977,"score_gpt":0.1910046627537575,"score_spread":0.1824900544951275,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2001646152","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99520314,0.00033127473,0.0039486093,0.000023922175,0.00020422127,0.000030208646,0.000007954628,0.000010464781,0.00024019225],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987603,0.0000058561236,0.0011369996,0.000012247108,0.000056209446,8.6608816e-7,0.0000021931369,0.000021949332,0.0000033795952],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991182,0.000006785785,0.00043730374,0.0000610753,0.000119106975,0.00025753316],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994375,0.00003905781,0.000057899022,0.00014258966,0.00004947157,0.000273444],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024881668,0.00012460515,0.0003001329,0.0005669841,0.00001012766,0.000014220917,0.00029745017,0.000055389963,0.00006491717],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005584509,0.000103489256,0.00017370372,0.00046744198,0.000028238986,0.00007449928,0.000009458857,0.00037037325,8.238827e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015070998,0.000019182626,0.0011010566,0.000034485958,0.000778968,0.00017547942,0.0022621544,0.9080794,0.085562035,0.00060496293,0.00007682616,0.0012904201],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00048244276,0.00002065754,0.0006693563,0.00010382453,0.0001982842,0.000049309245,0.000015314421,0.96242326,0.035733994,0.000054124223,0.0001056499,0.0001437704],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0023634483,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0016838129,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.054343913,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000224763,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007215001,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.42201695},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2001884629","doi":"10.1115/fedsm2012-72313","title":"The Effect of Nozzle Shape and Configuration on Bubble Formation in a Liquid Cross Flow","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada; Western University","funders":"National Research Council Canada","keywords":"Bubble; Shadowgraphy; Nozzle; Mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Liquid bubble; Cross section (physics); Materials science; Volumetric flow rate; Optics; Acoustics; Physics; Laser; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.004165178690075956,"score_gpt":0.21335785572502813,"score_spread":0.20919267703495217,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2001884629","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9915601,0.00014461546,0.0031094677,0.000010933095,0.00009354764,0.000097694276,7.712108e-7,0.000022126258,0.0049607717],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9998408,0.00002709343,0.000056328197,0.0000054967695,0.000015156257,0.000008538806,0.000003330961,0.0000048629295,0.000038413957],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99975175,0.00000883796,0.00008715408,0.00002404675,0.00003872584,0.00008950419],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99985397,0.000069382826,0.000008157835,0.000048023445,0.0000060462235,0.0000143998195],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018480832,0.00004047014,0.000047604473,0.00002080497,0.000025273825,0.000016924289,0.000020138214,0.000024221095,0.000007466618],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000014912671,0.000026559468,0.0000094410525,0.000032436114,0.000007580902,0.00014994427,0.000005239874,0.000033662323,0.0000054973875],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00044500912,0.000036902577,0.006138217,0.00064730085,0.000040254272,0.0000010841007,0.003697798,0.16817516,0.70342624,0.026737636,0.00065086584,0.09000353],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00021775611,0.000094912684,0.0021715993,0.000014412602,0.0000014200853,0.0000010728809,0.000009498623,0.88067955,0.11654708,0.000008522824,0.00021890808,0.000035254146],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008727096,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000027507278,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7125044,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000015280428,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":7.447593e-7,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.10830636},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2002365023","doi":"10.1139/s08-012","title":"Empirical correlation of volumetric mass transfer coefficient for a rectangular internal-loop airlift bioreactor","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Engineering and Science","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Mass transfer coefficient; Airlift; Turbulence; Mass transfer; Bioreactor; Correlation coefficient; Isotropy; Volume (thermodynamics); Mechanics; Materials science; Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Physics; Mathematics; Statistics; Optics","score_opus":0.007037328986960319,"score_gpt":0.19051468802369248,"score_spread":0.18347735903673215,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2002365023","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.70529044,0.00047031307,0.29392654,0.0000045483343,0.00023567403,0.00004198335,0.0000066098496,0.0000073243223,0.00001655382],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9957038,0.0002287521,0.0040006796,0.0000041467492,0.000028829152,0.0000010014681,5.236487e-7,0.000011581492,0.000020651294],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992611,0.0000029558698,0.00026682817,0.00008504691,0.00023571469,0.00014838207],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99975485,0.00004741394,0.000031086765,0.00005935627,0.000012507438,0.00009476472],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024852142,0.00008721194,0.00014962412,0.00026723178,0.00004337608,0.000010173324,0.000110833666,0.000033703924,0.000004905282],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000038838487,0.00007858922,0.000064205204,0.00020536064,0.00010073655,0.0001463583,0.0000107088445,0.00010816483,4.1344384e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000112622565,0.000029431694,0.00343082,0.000023800236,0.000014228234,0.0000071510376,0.00032182195,0.37156177,0.6234573,0.000017764252,0.000019643136,0.0011049795],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00036190357,0.00018298179,0.028881902,0.000042563668,0.00001439278,0.0001370331,0.00003628939,0.95660007,0.013291133,0.0000027890117,0.00034660363,0.0001023641],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":9.0595273e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.153903e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6101662,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010008366,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013498016,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.32047755},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2002398280","doi":"10.1002/cjce.21868","title":"Effect of liquid level and agitator pumping direction on turbulent blend times","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Impeller; Agitator; Turbulence; Materials science; Mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Axial compressor; Liquid flow; Physics; Thermodynamics; Gas compressor","score_opus":0.0040807019136262085,"score_gpt":0.16797520969810328,"score_spread":0.16389450778447706,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2002398280","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9985815,0.0005140064,0.0002955016,0.00014713363,0.00019818854,0.000067770015,0.0000023691077,0.000014512508,0.00017897942],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99969864,0.000010438348,0.00014032531,0.000013976471,0.000094902054,0.0000026107248,5.6112725e-7,0.000023749912,0.000014784742],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99946404,0.0000082253555,0.00020062043,0.000049410628,0.00009007791,0.0001876189],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99951303,0.00012306598,0.000033302415,0.00007685953,0.0000406929,0.00021307303],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019357802,0.0001126016,0.00017528904,0.00011694111,0.00002425248,0.00003180949,0.00010159071,0.000052140127,0.000017140857],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009350517,0.00008386503,0.00005533443,0.00007383184,0.000023939312,0.00008009278,0.000005800968,0.0002397092,0.0000024076871],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000023328648,0.0000034101763,0.000036238147,0.0002641227,0.00014778214,0.00001758871,0.00031317564,0.20748444,0.78606623,0.00039703585,0.0006558208,0.00459083],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003575154,0.00022394671,0.00020602938,0.0004167348,0.000040935334,0.000163193,0.0000057731067,0.26875997,0.7291395,0.000033844964,0.0004585479,0.00019397646],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00034044808,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000019450528,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.061275534,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011916126,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000029330184,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3419917},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2002562629","doi":"10.1115/1.1514214","title":"A Gas-Liquid Flowmeter Combining Vertical and Horizontal Pressure Fluctuations Induced by Local Void Fraction Variations","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Energy Resources Technology","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Alberta","keywords":"Metering mode; Mechanics; Void (composites); Flow measurement; Pressure drop; TRACER; Liquid flow; Porosity; Materials science; Physics; Optics; Composite material","score_opus":0.003638400509180264,"score_gpt":0.18797001224381216,"score_spread":0.1843316117346319,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2002562629","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.80430543,0.0010277864,0.1933621,0.00018783746,0.00021590313,0.000025121197,0.0000023277717,0.00008094493,0.00079251855],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982391,0.00013614557,0.0015107704,0.000025942938,0.000044520213,0.000005078739,0.0000021872986,0.000025210793,0.000011056016],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991754,0.000034009237,0.0003421428,0.00010920917,0.00013430437,0.00020488098],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99959415,0.000067613655,0.00006186175,0.00012216567,0.00007768388,0.000076499426],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013546245,0.00012795867,0.00022418937,0.00035158562,0.000099138015,0.000030071575,0.00011406931,0.00027787453,0.00001804522],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012319197,0.0001234619,0.00004997335,0.0002543328,0.0000639418,0.00013515342,0.000026208445,0.00040734533,9.559095e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000688515,0.00013045351,0.00023127564,0.000023127897,0.0005180722,0.000025818168,0.00029626675,0.011474316,0.9164217,0.05033026,0.0007748042,0.019705057],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004217731,0.0034755296,0.0004770108,0.0002261796,0.0006694013,0.0022379898,0.001854888,0.50803626,0.18059008,0.013080377,0.28395158,0.0011829776],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000013114413,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000227308,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7358316,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005442095,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000019010413,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.50346303},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2002949847","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450780201","title":"New image analysis methods for the study of mixing patterns in stirred tanks","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Impeller; Mixing (physics); Planar; Planar laser-induced fluorescence; Oscillation (cell signaling); Mixing patterns; Mechanics; Transformation (genetics); Lagrangian coherent structures; Binary number; Scale (ratio); Topology (electrical circuits); Physics; Vortex; Control theory (sociology); Biological system; Laser; Optics; Computer science; Mathematics; Chemistry; Laser-induced fluorescence; Artificial intelligence; Control (management)","score_opus":0.007871214035182709,"score_gpt":0.24063814391932065,"score_spread":0.23276692988413794,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2002949847","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8397746,0.00067421736,0.15903743,0.00012532453,0.00017730823,0.00015906652,0.0000071229865,0.000010105963,0.00003485282],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9903173,0.0000076179554,0.009522065,0.000009236582,0.00009038324,0.000004052371,8.870372e-7,0.000025725902,0.000022735618],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991577,0.000015803342,0.00040830133,0.000067063505,0.00009322164,0.0002578931],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99927205,0.00028920287,0.000041989162,0.00017842754,0.000039133076,0.0001792085],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00052001147,0.00012102514,0.00028933116,0.00022467681,0.000029413766,0.000041382704,0.00035891827,0.000046190293,0.00006390325],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008054661,0.00008553546,0.00015004868,0.00045633534,0.000012141391,0.00006394614,0.0000068963664,0.0003037834,2.4854688e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000071475793,0.0000066147913,0.00034854986,0.000023393817,0.00047482175,0.000009581338,0.0013808281,0.9479514,0.027909756,0.000020580994,0.00006411393,0.021803223],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00055672874,0.000030227176,0.0017081556,0.00005295025,0.00035453858,0.000014715812,0.00012542514,0.98997825,0.0065913624,0.00004714012,0.00039448528,0.00014600808],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0035995075,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0032067825,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.15054272,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013753095,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000071278926,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5441403},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2004638244","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20405","title":"CFD simulations to portray the bubble distribution and the hydrodynamics in an annulus sparged air‐lift bioreactor","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Annulus (botany); Bubble; Computational fluid dynamics; Mechanics; Bioreactor; Lift (data mining); Inlet; Materials science; Chemistry; Engineering; Mechanical engineering; Physics; Computer science","score_opus":0.0030015592654913667,"score_gpt":0.17231588128343664,"score_spread":0.16931432201794527,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2004638244","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9959306,0.0000901748,0.0022552682,0.0012150885,0.00032140175,0.00011033401,0.00003464742,0.000014471415,0.000027986953],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995737,0.0000022403426,0.00018177758,0.00004465855,0.00016069337,0.0000026056227,0.000009547233,0.000021645543,0.0000030968733],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993105,0.000010458917,0.00025095354,0.00006442795,0.00010201054,0.00026162647],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99933463,0.00012682585,0.00003065155,0.00018329642,0.000049503156,0.00027510675],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004072658,0.00011567227,0.00014292955,0.00007018216,0.00007907701,0.00007306564,0.00026618718,0.00007007233,0.000005509601],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020136965,0.00006846831,0.00004454987,0.00020677863,0.00006792256,0.00010537396,0.000012778305,0.0006400507,6.92864e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007857763,0.0000034378584,0.0003734029,0.000007981653,0.000020405392,0.000009249199,0.0005165126,0.9041769,0.090108514,0.0043502753,0.000053492942,0.00037197748],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00031262983,0.000007989842,0.0024395715,0.000024117475,0.000017938151,0.00005990943,0.000018030567,0.9934918,0.0020604383,0.00018280327,0.0012683728,0.00011638493],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007192221,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0085682245,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08931492,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000111799185,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008930202,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.47812703},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2005924627","doi":"10.1016/j.cherd.2008.09.005","title":"RETRACTED: Mass-transfer characteristics by surface aeration of large paddle impeller: Application to a polymerization reactor with liquid level change","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Process Safety and Environmental Protection","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":true,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Publishing; Scientific publishing; Volume (thermodynamics); Physics; Political science; Law; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.00849988313521216,"score_gpt":0.17445440349024652,"score_spread":0.16595452035503436,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2005924627","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.50958073,0.00006878181,0.4895816,0.0000314341,0.000026154197,0.00046371322,0.00017321126,0.00004243852,0.0000319297],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985574,0.0006970802,0.00014902711,0.000023955676,0.00003880529,0.00009408241,0.00037909037,0.000032519478,0.000028056002],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.999314,0.000010391936,0.00019951336,0.00018414593,0.00014687778,0.00014505997],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998063,0.00000403108,0.00003627499,0.00008843734,0.000009334804,0.00005561381],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000067549714,0.00013663791,0.00012823436,0.000035726665,0.000114760085,0.0000075769544,0.000035512872,0.00010842222,0.000012558872],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000024801795,0.00013886087,0.000014426966,0.00011164616,0.000024924278,0.0002648851,0.000007449474,0.000123791,0.0000037342506],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003660128,0.00007075022,0.0008361625,0.00016365711,0.00001780426,4.5715026e-7,0.0012750794,0.002500962,0.99098617,0.000011758623,0.0000019758502,0.0037691845],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013444531,0.0009639221,0.025647826,0.00013565841,0.000048824026,0.0000358218,0.00045230723,0.54632765,0.4224793,0.000009301789,0.001780373,0.0007745682],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003287625,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009984144,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5685069,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006677393,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000043606638,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5662582},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2006142183","doi":"10.1016/j.ces.2005.11.061","title":"CFD modeling of gas dispersion and bubble size in a double turbine stirred tank","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Science","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":189,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"","keywords":"Computational fluid dynamics; Rushton turbine; Mechanics; Turbulence; Bubble; Impeller; Coalescence (physics); Fluent; Drag; Dispersion (optics); Thermodynamics; Physics; Materials science","score_opus":0.0039963581984516295,"score_gpt":0.17697532352691453,"score_spread":0.1729789653284629,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2006142183","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98738855,0.00026555854,0.011713432,0.00001774939,0.0000896088,0.000056966022,0.0000015755584,0.00008810302,0.00037842634],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9936173,0.000015936157,0.0063037635,0.0000018704117,0.000023605575,0.000003929553,0.0000013935556,0.000014368623,0.00001783857],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.999193,6.9209466e-7,0.0001860333,0.00018263391,0.00016065623,0.00027699448],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997534,0.000028099697,0.000009705204,0.00012207026,0.000023984569,0.000062753614],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014361597,0.000108110005,0.00014053077,0.00009685545,0.000017604498,0.000024818486,0.00015169993,0.000043710323,0.0000025815075],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000045078617,0.00011085628,0.00002027979,0.0004574531,0.000060992093,0.00015547621,0.000056535268,0.000115131006,6.470599e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000016017995,0.0000045336196,0.00004959052,0.000032506472,5.138361e-7,8.84269e-7,0.000019748304,0.48592886,0.5135546,0.00034360625,0.0000028760737,0.00006072224],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002763327,0.0000040030195,0.00013505692,0.00007041436,0.000001938803,0.0000037004822,0.0000039857687,0.88838637,0.110915564,0.00007979201,0.000010626995,0.00011224326],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000069937385,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000013907064,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.40263897,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000081711994,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013699926,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.45205876},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2006163509","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2015.01.042","title":"The use of electrical resistance tomography for the characterization of gas holdup inside a bubble column bioreactor containing activated sludge","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Journal","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":58,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Aeration; Activated sludge; Mixed liquor suspended solids; Bioreactor; Materials science; Bubble; Environmental science; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Waste management; Mechanics; Sewage treatment; Engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.01981527604528456,"score_gpt":0.19674835334003568,"score_spread":0.1769330772947511,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2006163509","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8547727,0.00047157047,0.14414224,0.00006139647,0.0002954813,0.00016975975,0.00001863059,0.00005659679,0.000011633699],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99606025,0.00010701307,0.0036304665,0.000008887966,0.00011701482,0.00001594574,0.000008863688,0.00003821183,0.000013347339],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990661,0.000008707134,0.00041158302,0.00008018324,0.00017760244,0.00025578184],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990456,0.0004035449,0.000107930224,0.00014949593,0.00018892328,0.000104522915],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002706519,0.00012904033,0.00020358742,0.00007447405,0.00005293556,0.0000651226,0.00018656468,0.000080494276,7.932749e-7],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00048719914,0.000091141475,0.000109789864,0.00030955474,0.000037417478,0.00013663726,0.00002029658,0.00030115354,1.4112159e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008215205,0.000010990807,0.00010379685,0.000033693865,0.00007655103,0.0000010696824,0.00010245385,0.0111343805,0.9871575,0.00032469493,0.00022958896,0.00074310106],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007005459,0.000056738307,0.0005696479,0.00012828418,0.000043956537,0.000023264829,0.000019509236,0.52789795,0.46040893,0.000039816958,0.00993376,0.00017757979],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002607404,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.731754e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5267486,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008194416,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003447373,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.37166417},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2006170357","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2011.10.063","title":"Inter-phase mass transfer in turbulent liquid-liquid dispersions: A comparative analysis of models","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Journal","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Dalhousie University; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; American University of Beirut","keywords":"Turbulence; Mass transfer; Liquid liquid; Phase (matter); Liquid phase; Materials science; Mechanics; Chromatography; Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Physics; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.02500754264727167,"score_gpt":0.2349782813454086,"score_spread":0.20997073869813693,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2006170357","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5844429,0.00028949586,0.41491574,0.0000060061593,0.00007022849,0.00003803885,0.0000072778284,0.00003642411,0.00019387079],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9940072,0.00011150473,0.0058038984,0.000006569775,0.000029578727,0.000006790203,0.000008267915,0.000022611275,0.000003637482],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99893904,0.000008547475,0.000488831,0.00013262415,0.00014203567,0.0002889007],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99959314,0.000034269808,0.000020772222,0.00014084007,0.00004636563,0.00016462557],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013967631,0.0001941026,0.00045295068,0.000467052,0.000013226872,0.00001307957,0.00020294652,0.0000967045,0.000081567894],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000010006001,0.00018680433,0.0002460917,0.0005147161,0.000024327874,0.00015742323,0.000017004297,0.00044791246,0.000001339852],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000099761295,0.0000718148,0.000005049854,0.00003128699,0.000426518,0.000026204429,0.0022599585,0.5870479,0.40954614,0.00043619372,0.00001308333,0.00003611084],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005571782,0.00008336554,0.000008443541,0.00011465052,0.00016182644,0.000017536211,0.000077772514,0.88416904,0.11458628,0.000016221114,0.000024027353,0.00018367174],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000062031013,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000013002077,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.40956423,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013187656,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012071958,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.76176596},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2006275796","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450810310","title":"Mixing in Bubble Column Reactors: Role of Unsteady Flow Structures","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":60,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India","keywords":"Mixing (physics); Mechanics; Bubble; Computational fluid dynamics; Flow (mathematics); Work (physics); Transient (computer programming); Bubble column reactor; Materials science; Thermodynamics; Physics; Gas bubble; Computer science","score_opus":0.0032183832923274717,"score_gpt":0.1534894502973116,"score_spread":0.15027106700498413,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2006275796","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.996725,0.001629147,0.00051211385,0.000018745162,0.00029286067,0.00004832467,0.0000054217,0.000011953654,0.0007563911],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982167,0.000005742294,0.0016715174,0.000007615936,0.00006276369,8.45694e-7,9.159397e-7,0.000029464798,0.0000044513113],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991878,0.000009177942,0.00034143653,0.000054964505,0.00011646324,0.00029011825],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99951744,0.000061645194,0.000043690536,0.00012019341,0.00004444285,0.0002126048],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023382896,0.00011872193,0.00021873935,0.00017485919,0.000017982436,0.000026506803,0.00020403703,0.0000819111,0.000022638627],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015587118,0.00010532949,0.00006788505,0.00020570908,0.000025171255,0.000076625,0.0000051036686,0.00038678068,5.620912e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000018613775,0.0000022897023,0.00033549572,0.000039162373,0.00003507957,0.000018945959,0.00045598234,0.66292256,0.3332309,0.0024798329,0.00006108836,0.00041680908],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007211558,0.000029588144,0.0005159268,0.00038613868,0.000038991737,0.00027821603,0.0001463953,0.5697687,0.42144737,0.0021480713,0.004086007,0.00043343683],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000700865,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00071558595,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.09315383,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023020261,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014277166,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4295212},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2006341436","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450810603","title":"Local Bubble Dynamics and Macroscopic Flow Structure in Bubble Columns with Different Scales","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology","keywords":"Bubble; Mechanics; Circulation (fluid dynamics); Local Bubble; Flow (mathematics); Dynamics (music); Materials science; Optics; Chemistry; Physics; Acoustics","score_opus":0.0018758661818255404,"score_gpt":0.1455488613591039,"score_spread":0.14367299517727836,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2006341436","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9857188,0.00067900354,0.013225782,0.000056233126,0.00016084564,0.00005595128,0.000012786697,0.000012054154,0.0000785512],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99875236,0.000008911429,0.0011486338,0.000014354515,0.000029547786,0.000001245713,0.0000022403528,0.00003294133,0.000009759518],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.999287,0.0000067702777,0.00020615739,0.00007369645,0.000103353,0.00032301302],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99952245,0.0000361902,0.000022246755,0.00009914058,0.000028375207,0.00029159978],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008179293,0.00015165497,0.00021085895,0.00010540284,0.000034631703,0.00006147984,0.00013275525,0.00008145648,0.000012124323],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002678548,0.00011372209,0.00002796326,0.00013667981,0.00005991075,0.000060517526,0.0000065371405,0.00044235087,2.1222577e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005195213,0.0000038212343,0.0022083763,0.000096903386,0.00005083067,0.00006180664,0.00022197195,0.9760801,0.01775338,0.0025780993,0.000039445113,0.0009000688],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005162122,0.0000265794,0.0009063558,0.00018637825,0.00001862546,0.00027468085,0.000038037437,0.98107386,0.016362421,0.0002553196,0.00012521497,0.00021634709],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002703562,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.013772732,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.013502375,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00039414462,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008200368,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.76855075},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2007078540","doi":"10.1016/j.ces.2007.08.066","title":"Oxygen transfer and hydrodynamics in three-phase inverse fluidized beds","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Science","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Chemistry; Chromatography; Aqueous solution; Pulmonary surfactant; Sparging; Mass transfer; Bubble; Tap water; Thermodynamics; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Mechanics; Environmental engineering","score_opus":0.005510008428727818,"score_gpt":0.20788469157659575,"score_spread":0.20237468314786794,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2007078540","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.898344,0.00013341781,0.10083053,0.0000105598265,0.00017240674,0.000081581486,0.00000255195,0.00017918204,0.00024581273],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9947917,0.000021641397,0.0051062712,0.000014180575,0.000031345793,0.0000042371457,0.0000023346588,0.000024899946,0.0000033747735],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988428,9.519452e-7,0.00022354668,0.0002477746,0.00018989586,0.0004950271],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99956906,0.000044603763,0.000004436042,0.00016416491,0.000018619288,0.00019912275],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00046577057,0.00016010135,0.0001579187,0.0002290355,0.000029011388,0.000038271435,0.00022944236,0.000080180354,0.0000040714403],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006770963,0.00017238088,0.00002850043,0.00068810664,0.000131536,0.00020460658,0.00004162521,0.00021939678,0.0000030447557],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000041740577,0.000012483882,0.00006709453,0.00003638936,0.000002824196,0.000013096553,0.00013668484,0.026412522,0.9706925,0.001139727,0.0000025360382,0.0014799563],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00054488616,0.000008623361,0.00033503084,0.000030872023,0.0000033119231,0.000010721551,0.000007642054,0.8843623,0.11439396,0.00005145859,0.00005257192,0.00019863907],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007656029,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000011342344,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8579498,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015122238,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000019393681,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7029488},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2007528713","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450790116","title":"Suspension of solid particles in multi‐impeller three‐phase stirred tank reactors","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Impeller; Suspension (topology); Materials science; Agitator; Mixing (physics); Mechanics; Dispersion (optics); Flow (mathematics); Particle (ecology); Continuous stirred-tank reactor; Sedimentation; Chemical engineering; Engineering; Physics; Mathematics; Optics","score_opus":0.015098999258244358,"score_gpt":0.2177342951207561,"score_spread":0.20263529586251172,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2007528713","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99558747,0.0005307369,0.0034034543,0.00014207371,0.00024244597,0.0000522009,0.0000048425413,0.000013442768,0.000023356864],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991168,0.000017224396,0.00076063577,0.000008652631,0.000060616054,8.0135663e-7,0.0000011419007,0.00002852455,0.000005599325],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99912506,0.0000055482265,0.00039238966,0.000057863937,0.000112585614,0.0003065218],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994584,0.000050309744,0.000048766975,0.00012745449,0.000051202085,0.00026388268],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002157331,0.000120392295,0.00022250625,0.00016758914,0.00001630228,0.000015459462,0.00019362743,0.00007092971,0.00001823008],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012694913,0.00009978344,0.00007161174,0.00021650693,0.000028334804,0.000086756605,0.000009586761,0.00031765987,0.0000016470201],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011650912,0.000012937994,0.00047203974,0.000022581151,0.00003398587,0.00011752703,0.00028559176,0.24506801,0.7522131,0.000094573836,0.0001250362,0.0015429594],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00083996955,0.000022031678,0.00056468486,0.00017079872,0.000017440096,0.00010690819,0.000023098166,0.887472,0.110189274,0.00006638887,0.00037765372,0.00014975833],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00058926473,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002826943,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.64240396,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017358764,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000079495774,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.40690508},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2007720364","doi":"10.1115/pvp2011-57257","title":"Development of a Numerical Model to Represent Two-Phase Flow Configurations in a Tube Bundle","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Mechanics; Drag; Bundle; Turbulence; Flow (mathematics); Buoyancy; Shear flow; Two-phase flow; Vortex-induced vibration; Classical mechanics; Materials science; Physics; Vortex","score_opus":0.04079629676441134,"score_gpt":0.2705187903779145,"score_spread":0.22972249361350314,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2007720364","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.26376486,0.000009777233,0.7158514,0.000009653152,0.00003459996,0.00010288494,0.000002754883,0.000048017595,0.02017601],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.74190885,0.0000011027067,0.2579159,0.000016783877,0.0000035448404,0.000026123997,0.000003183978,0.000008980556,0.000115488576],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99947053,0.0000032815994,0.0002307093,0.00009662285,0.000066861474,0.000132007],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997719,0.000007033874,0.000006666864,0.00013054087,0.000020543257,0.0000633042],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006197628,0.00006722197,0.000103741964,0.0000795936,0.000012857464,0.0000043622404,0.00006549335,0.000021181198,0.000100909005],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009628497,0.000065662665,0.00001905614,0.000118238095,0.0000046599343,0.000040211296,0.000024732453,0.000045153258,0.000019234447],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001266381,0.00029078173,0.000053466938,0.00002132061,0.000024636942,0.0000033398512,0.008627452,0.8972476,0.07363956,0.010867903,0.00026571032,0.008945585],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00031794707,0.000013331121,0.00015073268,0.000010663073,0.0000017530332,8.752937e-7,0.000072412484,0.98973036,0.009405873,0.000107355634,0.00010326003,0.0000854506],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007299726,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00020400212,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.47814402,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000407713,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003206073,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.26776457},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2007875600","doi":"10.2202/1542-6580.1264","title":"Characterization of Homogeneity of Bubble Flows in Bubble Columns Using RPT and Fibre Optics","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Chemical Reactor Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Sparging; Turbulence; Mechanics; Homogeneity (statistics); Physics; Turbulence kinetic energy; Nozzle; Optics; Materials science; Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Mathematics","score_opus":0.006225578882050121,"score_gpt":0.20877541793821638,"score_spread":0.20254983905616628,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2007875600","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9902089,0.00013054989,0.009287378,0.000018270108,0.00024798926,0.000033258,0.000018636449,0.000009331416,0.00004569131],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.991197,0.000106312466,0.008489403,0.00000265286,0.00017615291,5.021424e-7,0.000007125141,0.000019567547,0.0000012937714],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99911606,0.0000031323566,0.0004941123,0.00005907108,0.00022123902,0.000106363164],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99957085,0.000046969904,0.00011792776,0.000055769553,0.00015373314,0.000054763324],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001135126,0.00009501191,0.00021490728,0.00017671789,0.0000016813761,0.000013698083,0.00014572531,0.00006911559,0.000007681575],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007772408,0.00010466993,0.000056945468,0.00008775158,0.000011698466,0.00022300043,0.00003330845,0.00015428469,1.500405e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011736873,0.000025198236,0.00060380535,0.00004351503,0.000049902825,0.0000059317435,0.000090200374,0.048601672,0.9496896,0.00009305091,9.882477e-7,0.0007843765],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00024142556,0.000008256313,0.0006508213,0.00017392648,0.000007969555,0.000052578638,0.0000038545822,0.46572086,0.53299594,0.000008156901,0.00007481031,0.00006143261],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008156875,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000013335442,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.41711918,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013008303,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000021932225,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.42683157},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2008088082","doi":"10.1002/cjce.21933","title":"Development of a CFD–PBE coupled model for the simulation of the drops behaviour in a pulsed column","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Computational fluid dynamics; Coalescence (physics); Breakup; Mechanics; Column (typography); Turbulence; Continuous phase modulation; Materials science; Particle size; Sauter mean diameter; Simulation; Mechanical engineering; Computer science; Engineering; Nozzle; Physics; Electronic engineering","score_opus":0.008646415750106495,"score_gpt":0.18348991627252162,"score_spread":0.17484350052241512,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2008088082","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9629443,0.000118729455,0.0365246,0.000085747386,0.00010177341,0.00020784086,0.0000042725846,0.000004035945,0.000008649051],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982114,0.0000010407554,0.0017134998,0.000010201706,0.000023214616,0.000011835033,6.5535284e-7,0.000020206493,0.000007985936],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992636,0.0000033433714,0.0003913218,0.000038805738,0.000117306256,0.00018561534],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999517,0.00011567814,0.00006871793,0.00011658764,0.00009822963,0.000083755134],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023930277,0.00008579669,0.00015437476,0.000064330285,0.00003343988,0.000016588509,0.0002752333,0.000052233263,0.0000059250724],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009085889,0.000054012213,0.00007461569,0.00013170108,0.000025382424,0.00004922542,0.000011562182,0.00019672021,1.6550511e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000202155,0.000002379706,0.000079049096,0.000026653186,0.000021612726,2.3203044e-7,0.0007134175,0.8994768,0.09937597,0.000061792976,0.000009395958,0.00023063438],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002431727,0.0000032941564,0.0008375728,0.00008772454,0.000016860771,0.000003174486,0.000022738604,0.987744,0.010903751,0.00006052537,0.000016080556,0.00006111986],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00050541956,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011105415,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08847222,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018165103,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00020725088,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2202554},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2008191683","doi":"10.1002/cjce.21876","title":"Evaluation of breakage kernels for liquid–liquid systems: Solution of the population balance equation by the least‐squares method","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Breakage; Population balance equation; Population; Binary number; Distribution function; Function (biology); Mathematics; Least-squares function approximation; Statistics; Applied mathematics; Mechanics; Thermodynamics; Materials science; Physics","score_opus":0.015442265821401806,"score_gpt":0.22460381548507743,"score_spread":0.20916154966367562,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2008191683","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8591493,0.0015013487,0.13813625,0.00029805105,0.0004394211,0.00040970588,0.000022069715,0.000009323837,0.000034539444],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993601,0.000003157677,0.00046512258,0.000008039956,0.00010959254,0.000021464384,0.000005554873,0.000021665002,0.0000053160056],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989435,0.000056669745,0.00043122322,0.000055718978,0.00033249203,0.0001804041],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99905103,0.00016221692,0.00017120365,0.00016329734,0.0003769305,0.00007529425],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0015301836,0.00010165948,0.00017191631,0.00006003816,0.00005134963,0.000027808037,0.00025703793,0.000073770054,0.000006783929],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003888341,0.00006375677,0.0000992303,0.00013838727,0.000024402574,0.00013145914,0.000008881484,0.000168352,3.290111e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004295647,0.000001559316,0.000010649854,0.000055537523,0.00003889082,2.9282427e-8,0.00014885559,0.62120336,0.37725884,0.00055158243,0.00014818199,0.0005781779],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00019277386,0.000025936799,0.00018040296,0.00016524513,0.00008632472,0.000012604211,0.00002282231,0.9282574,0.07083998,0.00010676916,0.000042733926,0.00006698965],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002762422,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00012705251,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.307054,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00032165798,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000104933664,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4175974},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2008267235","doi":"10.1088/1742-6596/318/4/042022","title":"Multidimensional turbulence spectra – identifying properties of turbulent structures","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Physics Conference Series","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Turbulence; Vortex; Turbulence kinetic energy; Physics; Enstrophy; Mechanics; K-epsilon turbulence model; Statistical physics; Entrainment (biomusicology); Breakup; Vorticity; Classical mechanics","score_opus":0.03894059606739025,"score_gpt":0.21039103064093093,"score_spread":0.17145043457354067,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2008267235","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9728426,0.00073550537,0.025387254,0.000016585724,0.00049101043,0.00005828392,0.0000038462963,0.000025386458,0.00043953693],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9898269,0.00026633975,0.009752439,0.00000624545,0.00010090323,8.548845e-7,6.11145e-7,0.000017156477,0.000028538281],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99912226,0.000014388517,0.00038422344,0.00007565797,0.00024366939,0.00015980612],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993529,0.000008954824,0.00017020843,0.00011943829,0.00029313235,0.000055378136],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000909674,0.00014553015,0.00026518307,0.000060298582,0.000037855538,0.000024630343,0.00018368743,0.000040200706,0.00004514251],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000014143181,0.00011555149,0.00009871045,0.00007667025,0.000100631034,0.00050284935,0.00003140409,0.00020532355,0.0000020115374],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007995069,0.00005144862,0.00020747552,0.00029709967,0.00017269817,0.000030729047,0.0071959086,0.0057297563,0.9046035,0.07420095,0.000057247777,0.007373226],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00018986943,0.00009637499,0.0019426992,0.00031692052,0.000031507465,0.00006863949,0.00060421106,0.0048088506,0.97815406,0.013588417,0.00003301533,0.00016543061],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000013298711,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000041183735,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07355055,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000024479088,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006531879,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4712053},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2008654463","doi":"10.1002/cjce.21725","title":"Liquid degassing using mono‐dispersed and poly‐dispersed micron droplets","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo; University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Péclet number; Reynolds number; Mass transfer; Inert; Sherwood number; Materials science; Inert gas; Nozzle; Chemical engineering; Flow (mathematics); Thermodynamics; Mechanics; Chemistry; Chromatography; Composite material; Physics; Turbulence; Organic chemistry; Nusselt number","score_opus":0.007449951366829712,"score_gpt":0.1755857185952329,"score_spread":0.16813576722840318,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2008654463","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9908089,0.0046768906,0.0037101263,0.00008022328,0.00054472004,0.000045367542,0.000003872113,0.000024745,0.00010516938],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9971674,0.000009741904,0.0023472623,0.000038089613,0.00037778442,5.9269826e-7,9.718183e-7,0.00005392922,0.000004223839],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990106,0.000008168046,0.0002768651,0.000065173626,0.0001091206,0.0005300366],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99915004,0.000043917942,0.000042661486,0.00011853618,0.000035203106,0.0006096215],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024050457,0.00017677473,0.00021160513,0.00015827172,0.00008077176,0.000075484764,0.00016524635,0.000096437936,0.000014743093],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000046681133,0.00015277136,0.00007948415,0.0001339519,0.00005062213,0.00021424421,0.000014933829,0.0003882031,0.0000016066106],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006117782,0.0000028127588,0.00015538416,0.000037802693,0.000057738842,0.000016017004,0.0008888212,0.02706588,0.9708182,0.00032481336,0.00003852219,0.00058785506],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007243386,0.000035145134,0.0002973625,0.00036041162,0.00014690157,0.0011272343,0.00018184217,0.7743778,0.22014895,0.000022913691,0.00191991,0.000657147],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000563391,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008567789,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7506693,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00035583662,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009141075,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6229835},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2009159921","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20224","title":"Effect of gas distributor on hydrodynamics in shallow bubble column reactors","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Distributor; Bubble; Nozzle; Coalescence (physics); Porosity; Mechanics; Materials science; Composite material; Thermodynamics; Physics","score_opus":0.0019518512857730633,"score_gpt":0.1631113667504192,"score_spread":0.16115951546464613,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2009159921","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9989523,0.00020289661,0.00019787175,0.00009378352,0.00021254245,0.00006424751,0.000009774947,0.000014501966,0.00025204322],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9998055,0.000005896892,0.00007154083,0.000010764242,0.00007640925,8.457788e-7,0.0000034481754,0.000021254798,0.000004331101],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99918985,0.000010146281,0.00031353274,0.000060585735,0.00013196695,0.00029391196],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994332,0.00012885006,0.000043345004,0.00013347268,0.000025633746,0.0002354517],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00034098895,0.00014143345,0.00026922137,0.00015594563,0.000015346921,0.000022677015,0.0002460243,0.000085376574,0.000005765324],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016942751,0.0001160231,0.000095439376,0.00020270006,0.000019846637,0.000054545268,0.0000043282967,0.00044374223,0.0000010189056],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000019949586,0.000007500723,0.00038278173,0.00007020138,0.000035038447,0.00007932067,0.00012952049,0.81820023,0.17834684,0.00076538255,0.00010972404,0.001853535],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007645102,0.00032738675,0.0010831351,0.0004982615,0.0000361287,0.00009043923,0.0000037848229,0.89905274,0.097402595,0.000110885834,0.00034116794,0.00028898855],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00030022458,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00030321098,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.080944255,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00042062564,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000065598855,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.47312847},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2009226983","doi":"10.1115/fedsm2002-31236","title":"Phase Distribution in Buoyancy-Driven Bubbly Flows","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Reynolds number; Coalescence (physics); Bubble; Buoyancy; Mechanics; Physics; Momentum (technical analysis); Topology (electrical circuits); Distribution (mathematics); Two-phase flow; Flow (mathematics); Classical mechanics; Mathematics; Mathematical analysis; Turbulence","score_opus":0.008682958092163379,"score_gpt":0.2013489320848295,"score_spread":0.19266597399266613,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2009226983","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8858823,0.00032712522,0.09314539,0.00006336763,0.00026283506,0.00009607331,0.00003304469,0.00027301194,0.01991685],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99887514,0.000089019544,0.0006233398,0.0000126305795,0.00003155914,0.0000060925586,0.00002846878,0.000010537585,0.00032322117],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99962795,0.0000032735818,0.00010489094,0.000071077324,0.00004630922,0.00014650398],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998594,0.000009098253,0.0000038699045,0.00008801666,0.0000069091066,0.00003274078],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000026403564,0.000063086976,0.00006683135,0.000029031095,0.000014021318,0.000013805157,0.000046788067,0.000035407862,0.00028123418],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00000821084,0.00006353931,0.000021066264,0.000105705316,0.000004088308,0.00006564128,0.000009124629,0.000066785055,0.00011295001],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014893881,0.0010703673,0.0018026731,0.00017535951,0.00007526647,0.00017191215,0.0010587367,0.5430777,0.13551481,0.03665496,0.06825908,0.21212423],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00046097656,0.000015883703,0.00014671446,0.000011645873,0.0000017114926,0.0000017576162,0.000006467564,0.9925493,0.00034431947,0.000040490027,0.0063352673,0.000085441],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000017055781,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009566305,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.44947162,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000056637855,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000011022779,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.30793172},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2009969258","doi":"10.1007/s00449-005-0399-z","title":"Rheology and Hydrodynamic Properties of Tolypocladium inflatum Fermentation Broth and Its Simulation","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Carboxymethyl cellulose; Rheology; Fermentation; Bioreactor; Mass transfer; Chromatography; Mixing (physics); Materials science; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Food science; Sodium; Composite material; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.00568826320859273,"score_gpt":0.17321499918256328,"score_spread":0.16752673597397055,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2009969258","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9907274,0.0073612668,0.0015195261,0.000013970056,0.00009775003,0.00015481873,0.00000482434,0.00009289328,0.000027535645],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994259,0.0002736646,0.00016377351,0.0000034029067,0.00005709237,0.000010288734,0.0000032219211,0.000020595538,0.00004204913],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994563,0.0000032862085,0.00021027063,0.0001319628,0.000059308084,0.00013891197],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99984026,0.000008759266,0.000028325827,0.000048634156,0.000027321892,0.000046713354],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006476308,0.00013191532,0.00016741594,0.000109178945,0.000031028852,0.000028274506,0.000029631348,0.00007972918,7.175603e-7],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000008455069,0.000121004756,0.000010761819,0.00007471513,0.000013942646,0.00017672499,0.000021735968,0.000054177824,4.0200283e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004936271,0.0000041292733,0.00041986964,0.0016779694,0.000024292829,5.1155786e-7,0.00035451967,0.17772882,0.8171903,0.0005617937,5.4240286e-7,0.0020323137],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00021400121,0.000021476084,0.0016784708,0.00018885311,0.000011148004,0.000017944842,0.000030616557,0.9712955,0.026333809,0.0000020876732,0.00006280362,0.00014332592],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000011574489,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000010376361,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.79356664,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000019499425,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000040757945,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.49344307},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2010252985","doi":"10.2118/170595-pa","title":"Feasibility and Evaluation of Surfactants and Gas Lift in Combination as a Severe-Slugging-Suppression Method","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Oil and Gas Facilities","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Cape Breton University","funders":"","keywords":"Slugging; Gas lift; Pulmonary surfactant; Lift (data mining); Petroleum engineering; Materials science; Volumetric flow rate; Mechanics; Chromatography; Environmental science; Chemistry; Flow (mathematics); Geology; Physics","score_opus":0.04027674585441321,"score_gpt":0.28538546096714057,"score_spread":0.24510871511272736,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2010252985","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9952501,0.0019463534,0.00011825629,0.00006230342,0.00007434051,0.000057168076,0.000029392368,0.000025922314,0.0024361801],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99856895,0.0005517988,0.0006294704,0.000004443766,0.0000043405653,0.0000067494852,0.0000109369685,0.000005967183,0.0002173389],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993176,0.00009044925,0.0001588497,0.00013733846,0.00018859218,0.00010716229],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99967426,0.00007949567,0.00002025266,0.000082490034,0.00008607254,0.000057443736],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010255637,0.00009361474,0.00015548209,0.00006458253,0.000025941355,0.000025094103,0.000022894292,0.000058201767,0.000007529441],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015725961,0.00008823052,0.000010347027,0.000048554324,0.000039425147,0.00016467994,0.000031238087,0.00006595215,4.669486e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017573025,0.00010955667,0.088516444,0.0015530116,0.00005258043,0.0000037867037,0.033083208,0.015086583,0.010176477,0.0017822227,0.00019910517,0.8492613],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002900682,0.00011126285,0.031909425,0.00018473087,0.00003400774,0.000020782527,0.0037394185,0.9214978,0.0013144673,0.037640575,0.00038965503,0.00025717315],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00039021173,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00018986051,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.90641123,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000045155597,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000023145209,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.35979363},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2011179056","doi":"10.1205/026387600528157","title":"Study of Macro-Instabilities in Stirred Tanks Using a Velocity Decomposition Technique","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Process Safety and Environmental Protection","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":50,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Impeller; Mechanics; Amplitude; Physics; Turbulence; SIGNAL (programming language); Vortex; Baffle; Flow velocity; Flow (mathematics); Acoustics; Geometry; Optics; Mathematics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.0071079982182334495,"score_gpt":0.20895786422463514,"score_spread":0.2018498660064017,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2011179056","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97647095,0.0000728909,0.022495668,0.0000030169506,0.000021544558,0.00071421004,0.000009401838,0.000043604385,0.00016873145],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995654,0.00009398507,0.00022153028,0.0000013734605,0.0000073485944,0.000083262734,0.000005629228,0.000013169544,0.000008264283],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994702,0.000019307288,0.00019910627,0.00013001153,0.00007868545,0.00010270928],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99989545,0.000004500255,0.00001996703,0.0000593378,0.0000018869862,0.00001885542],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010170718,0.00009454462,0.0001124639,0.000053815846,0.00006906623,0.000007451029,0.000029505854,0.000056235232,0.000032892007],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000012633683,0.00010500376,0.000012754236,0.00007976658,0.000031048447,0.00016186596,0.000010882933,0.00012037981,5.844447e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00027434493,0.00039912932,0.0030269613,0.00036229062,0.000022050157,0.0000036543254,0.0039803996,0.86620915,0.08402732,0.0000041576513,1.0748746e-7,0.041690454],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008764741,0.00024658995,0.016081048,0.00009907312,0.00001459921,0.000033158776,0.0027250934,0.9717212,0.00759352,0.00034894407,0.00002169123,0.0002386607],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00013101952,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005179195,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.105512016,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013190116,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000025848174,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4281929},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2012733049","doi":"10.1002/cjce.21688","title":"Flow regime transition identification in three phase co‐current bubble columns","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Hindustan Petroleum","keywords":"Bubble; Phase transition; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Superficial velocity; Slurry; Liquefaction; Materials science; Thermodynamics; Mechanics; Chemistry; Flow (mathematics); Chromatography; Physics","score_opus":0.009690491041016396,"score_gpt":0.20852599317073173,"score_spread":0.19883550212971532,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2012733049","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.962598,0.0021746939,0.03414852,0.0001339634,0.00075233314,0.00008324423,0.000013578091,0.000022077831,0.000073578536],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99940336,0.000010676822,0.00026529192,0.000008785715,0.00027618153,0.0000035378062,0.000006365993,0.000023636667,0.0000021897026],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992293,0.0000056465888,0.00029652947,0.00004456652,0.00011088338,0.00031307508],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995133,0.000027622727,0.00003209281,0.000102817445,0.00003315518,0.00029097797],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00035041547,0.00009763963,0.0001335031,0.00014886797,0.000028374812,0.000040556715,0.0001527551,0.000055121953,0.000017212413],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000036575428,0.00009192831,0.00005915422,0.00015987588,0.000018804309,0.00019182707,0.0000024815276,0.00035293595,0.000005423791],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009424586,0.00003115472,0.00013177149,0.000112457776,0.000049359965,0.000016196156,0.0018028773,0.63354826,0.3528153,0.00092104456,0.0007207517,0.009841401],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005234054,0.000009024377,0.00032490303,0.00012971033,0.00002394412,0.000078132514,0.000011073986,0.9727886,0.024314143,0.00011468926,0.0015202819,0.00016212412],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00016022782,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00036082152,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.33924028,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003422134,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006549055,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.37487277},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2013570469","doi":"10.1002/ceat.200401996","title":"Coaxial Mixer Hydrodynamics with Newtonian and non‐Newtonian Fluids","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering & Technology","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":65,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Impeller; Non-Newtonian fluid; Newtonian fluid; Mechanics; Coaxial; Mixing (physics); Power consumption; Rheology; Materials science; Power (physics); Physics; Mechanical engineering; Thermodynamics; Engineering","score_opus":0.0012316075191761832,"score_gpt":0.1447811621455941,"score_spread":0.14354955462641794,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2013570469","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8237027,0.0003251916,0.17387368,0.00028119475,0.00015617041,0.0001259113,0.0000057214634,0.0012836102,0.00024582582],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9588227,0.00006091633,0.04087304,0.000019000568,0.00006199314,0.0000305141,0.000011329338,0.000101016754,0.000019465631],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99883634,9.640049e-7,0.00021696898,0.00031462865,0.00010731469,0.0005237941],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99948084,0.0000148210665,0.000015386113,0.0003276689,0.000025269263,0.00013598161],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000039592305,0.00031331126,0.00030560544,0.00024902332,0.00003662772,0.000029449653,0.00023311052,0.0003881737,0.0000039737374],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000023708613,0.00031516084,0.00003936694,0.00041181533,0.00012557924,0.000079150144,0.00008925308,0.0005057893,0.000011424647],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000054046523,0.000016151816,0.000109410415,0.00009808394,0.00005073651,0.000044438355,0.000058197777,0.18514283,0.8108179,0.0024515486,0.00001677462,0.0011885362],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001183143,0.00008158934,0.00013809791,0.00015162477,0.000033064964,0.0002541696,0.000020283522,0.8800408,0.115675844,0.00044707762,0.0013615543,0.00061271706],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000013214712,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000057103966,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.69514203,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018857206,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000022547585,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99993},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2013732024","doi":"10.1021/ie801407y","title":"Hydrodynamics in Sulzer SMX Static Mixer with Air/Water System","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Laminar flow; Static mixer; Péclet number; Mass transfer; Mechanics; Laminar flow reactor; Reynolds number; Mass transfer coefficient; Plug flow; Mixing (physics); Superficial velocity; Chemistry; Turbulence; Flow (mathematics); Thermodynamics; Volumetric flow rate; Open-channel flow; Materials science; Physics","score_opus":0.037393664120627924,"score_gpt":0.23550634652727176,"score_spread":0.19811268240664384,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2013732024","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99645084,0.00007186933,0.00021832986,0.000036616708,0.00019058982,0.0002578043,0.000015523927,0.0003386111,0.002419785],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985866,0.000020846172,0.00008586372,0.0000016740194,0.0003662597,0.00007627378,0.000042746495,0.00011189345,0.00070784445],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99768656,0.000024773473,0.00037540513,0.0003314376,0.0005874754,0.0009943604],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991132,0.000119130105,0.000012855857,0.00041318365,0.000091006405,0.00025062705],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00059602247,0.00028252267,0.0003263986,0.00021005711,0.00008660318,0.000045250996,0.0003293154,0.00031546768,0.000045465964],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008246025,0.00024646052,0.000050073406,0.0005576715,0.00007438538,0.00012067421,0.00008626679,0.0014078553,0.00004431754],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000026717977,0.000021003907,0.00055453234,0.00031939513,0.000044336917,0.00041280396,0.00017382587,0.65303755,0.34500518,0.00002193999,0.00033011957,0.000052579395],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015496637,0.000038463466,0.00017319385,0.00041122784,0.000008467842,0.00019995161,0.0001474595,0.82672894,0.16832845,0.000002530835,0.0019157706,0.0004958931],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00011498769,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000069103635,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.17667675,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007840513,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010938068,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99999875},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2014242091","doi":"10.1002/ceat.201100655","title":"Dispersion Characteristics and Mass Transfer in a Pilot‐Scale Gas‐Liquid Oscillatory‐Plate Column","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering & Technology","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University; Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Mass transfer; Turbulence; Mechanics; Dispersion (optics); Dissipation; Turbulence kinetic energy; Mass transfer coefficient; Bubble; Superficial velocity; Chemistry; Amplitude; Flow (mathematics); Volumetric flow rate; Materials science; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Thermodynamics; Chromatography; Optics; Physics","score_opus":0.003446375523901161,"score_gpt":0.16412568919070405,"score_spread":0.16067931366680288,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2014242091","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9831816,0.00075828086,0.014903895,0.00006178038,0.00025698164,0.000111443966,0.000010176881,0.0006186362,0.00009721181],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99792826,0.00018269436,0.0017169015,0.0000109839475,0.000059408198,0.000028646125,0.000007907251,0.00005786006,0.000007340891],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990002,0.000002418513,0.00023000289,0.00017806118,0.00007114704,0.0005181578],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99965775,0.000025048941,0.0000076240676,0.00018304394,0.00001161376,0.00011491195],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008143981,0.00020398862,0.0002693537,0.00021688323,0.000017093986,0.000010979602,0.00012590144,0.00027523137,0.000010839478],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000028770655,0.00023267171,0.000029327715,0.00026684784,0.000053221145,0.000086555665,0.000045024346,0.00040995033,0.000008630547],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011297946,0.000021712205,0.0012577104,0.00010395615,0.00001221321,0.000005426956,0.00007455346,0.0007019048,0.9964154,0.00062247587,0.000013834257,0.0007595674],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010715774,0.00013346432,0.0010551711,0.00020895712,0.000034800316,0.00009008698,0.000040888965,0.54467523,0.44639492,0.00007501714,0.005325417,0.0008944591],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002453598,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":8.193322e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5500204,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012264925,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004292281,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.94880766},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2014244178","doi":"10.1016/j.lwt.2009.08.018","title":"Comparison of heat transfer rates during thermal processing under end-over-end and axial modes of rotation","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"LWT","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Retort; Rotational speed; Rotation (mathematics); Heat transfer; Mechanics; Materials science; Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Mechanical engineering; Mathematics; Physics; Engineering; Geometry","score_opus":0.011300086003856584,"score_gpt":0.2515251378827453,"score_spread":0.24022505187888868,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2014244178","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98583883,0.00061347324,0.012400888,0.000010462827,0.000022020107,0.0000525195,0.0000032471482,0.000028297773,0.0010302383],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995644,0.000013260756,0.00037981235,0.0000054885572,0.000018956733,0.000001050014,0.0000034844868,0.000009364347,0.00000416831],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996266,0.0000051504862,0.0001473839,0.00006317634,0.0000680705,0.00008964732],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999102,0.000010285395,0.000005977987,0.000042744115,0.000013621097,0.000017220156],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000019085435,0.00006677962,0.00012972852,0.000031325726,0.00002738112,0.000012132477,0.00002819147,0.000033700202,0.000007269408],"category_scores_gemma":[9.503539e-7,0.000065387234,0.000018900308,0.000042254054,0.00001939866,0.00010778974,0.000003123244,0.000049619888,1.256881e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000109782295,0.000013496181,0.00081076263,0.00010546286,0.000007023499,2.2169698e-7,0.0008157099,0.19580816,0.7983013,0.0016452334,4.5198158e-7,0.002481246],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00027032167,0.000023144032,0.02909462,0.000057607253,0.000009213754,6.883743e-7,0.0001041707,0.52279294,0.44743326,0.00014970168,0.0000012298966,0.0000630903],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003029825,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002514038,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.350868,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000110339215,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000019565396,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.26664138},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2014440651","doi":"10.1115/1.4007285","title":"Drag Coefficient and Two-Phase Friction Multiplier on Tube Bundles Subjected to Two-Phase Cross-Flow","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Drag; Drag coefficient; Mechanics; Added mass; Two-phase flow; Euler's formula; Materials science; Turbulence; Multiplier (economics); Mathematics; Thermodynamics; Flow (mathematics); Physics; Mathematical analysis","score_opus":0.00825074556646606,"score_gpt":0.28248151876028743,"score_spread":0.2742307731938214,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2014440651","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9457627,0.0024315328,0.049919702,0.00018054021,0.0011039134,0.00018471292,0.000026321552,0.00020886399,0.00018170601],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9948413,0.0000851173,0.0046643554,0.00004053037,0.00025499184,0.000009184329,0.0000030660963,0.000046597197,0.00005488202],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99869597,0.000025909574,0.00046665373,0.00016520185,0.00020582289,0.00044044177],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991788,0.000073887575,0.00012783,0.00025561635,0.0001712815,0.00019256883],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003595963,0.00022573977,0.00035214046,0.00073847495,0.00011281532,0.00006277846,0.00022495877,0.00022315128,0.00002336515],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000154168,0.00020410388,0.000066828885,0.00041498343,0.00007378852,0.00022481328,0.00007242182,0.00054864667,0.000011491248],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00033299264,0.0011841168,0.0027746265,0.000112894435,0.000369546,0.0000726781,0.00091934035,0.27429494,0.6785563,0.004037626,0.0016019231,0.035743024],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.018733934,0.0023184633,0.0030613078,0.0003461236,0.00039764354,0.0010718439,0.0003306325,0.7029882,0.18301038,0.00050032896,0.086208895,0.0010322361],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000050747713,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000044529083,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.49554592,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006302896,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000018112425,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8323115},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2014901095","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22121","title":"CFD simulation of flow and mixing in‐inline rotor‐stator mixers with complex fluids","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Mechanics; Computational fluid dynamics; Laminar flow; Rotor (electric); Dimensionless quantity; Newtonian fluid; Flow (mathematics); Stator; Materials science; Physics; Mechanical engineering; Engineering","score_opus":0.005404502044677299,"score_gpt":0.17355065838460104,"score_spread":0.16814615633992375,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2014901095","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9646017,0.00020250502,0.034919746,0.000063138374,0.00008436369,0.00005654269,0.0000040675923,0.00001068322,0.000057262354],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9954113,0.0000024487347,0.0044603334,0.000014170864,0.000082359955,8.441669e-7,0.0000018428744,0.000025323548,0.0000014116666],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993803,0.0000065409913,0.00026354598,0.000052597574,0.000099473655,0.00019757448],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995387,0.00010018195,0.000035107063,0.00008422659,0.000049146125,0.00019262535],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021010324,0.00010646509,0.00019770059,0.0001438263,0.000018788696,0.000021302025,0.000111679685,0.00004741748,0.000005012391],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007767595,0.00008472167,0.0000306747,0.00013160585,0.00003511815,0.00007158301,0.0000061555456,0.00023559561,2.0081481e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000047734557,0.0000012114832,0.00024601253,0.000050497267,0.000018289576,0.000004675584,0.00017980323,0.9163491,0.08228973,0.00017087051,0.000008528999,0.0006764888],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00033209944,0.000020936632,0.0005200843,0.00014724763,0.000011842946,0.000026131564,0.000008264459,0.9933441,0.005144195,0.00003152487,0.00031592773,0.00009762038],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00020671873,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002846217,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07714554,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010757636,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000048633003,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.34548497},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2015076168","doi":"10.1021/ie801518p","title":"A Model To Predict the Concentration of Dispersed Solid Particles in an Aqueous Medium Confined inside Horizontal Cylindrical Channels","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología","keywords":"Suspension (topology); Cylinder; Mechanics; Deposition (geology); Materials science; Aqueous solution; Micrometer; Convection; Cross section (physics); Range (aeronautics); Particle (ecology); Chemistry; Optics; Composite material; Geometry; Physics; Geology","score_opus":0.0688168370001564,"score_gpt":0.3135048700346556,"score_spread":0.2446880330344992,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2015076168","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9980548,0.0000521174,0.00075907,0.00027469324,0.00013795221,0.00034727124,0.000018773711,0.00010373282,0.00025156932],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999395,0.0000114767945,0.0000606927,0.0000067041938,0.00042261035,0.000039261147,0.000019855761,0.00002677461,0.000017604747],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983405,0.000027416274,0.0003794016,0.00022562857,0.00045586552,0.00057119114],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992592,0.00011899798,0.000018319599,0.0002846334,0.0000927432,0.00022611511],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000597958,0.00016904132,0.00023781807,0.00007081497,0.00004478343,0.00006790421,0.00032345045,0.00022978002,0.000009570256],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00036342535,0.00015449063,0.00004393677,0.00045403955,0.00004599632,0.00010339266,0.00004256665,0.000762061,0.0000017207475],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000034125693,0.000026804253,0.000030063778,0.000011797427,0.00000732435,0.000008856915,0.00028832618,0.43164626,0.5669496,0.00005745163,0.000054048498,0.0008853456],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004736593,0.00007363218,0.00007617917,0.000055780867,0.0000031351035,0.0000031158547,0.00006898023,0.64884245,0.3502496,0.0000250544,0.000027448968,0.00010095942],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000035019504,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001073851,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.21719621,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019074108,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012593219,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.62999445},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2015506980","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20571","title":"Effect of tank size on <i>k</i><sub>L</sub><i>a</i> and mixing time in aerated stirred reactors with non‐newtonian fluids","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":77,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Carboxymethyl cellulose; Mixing (physics); Aeration; Rheology; Xanthan gum; Viscosity; Non-Newtonian fluid; Mass transfer; SCALE-UP; Thermodynamics; Power consumption; Newtonian fluid; Bioreactor; Chemistry; Materials science; Mechanics; Chemical engineering; Physics; Power (physics); Engineering; Classical mechanics; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.002430425625957183,"score_gpt":0.1422510552379465,"score_spread":0.13982062961198932,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2015506980","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99911475,0.00018317896,0.00018758964,0.000025386014,0.00010394603,0.000094464,0.000005151954,0.000017821463,0.00026773175],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994682,0.000007387444,0.00040906452,0.000014723023,0.000043601194,0.000002312199,0.000001037558,0.000050601546,0.000003042022],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991119,0.000015541718,0.00031989263,0.00009332668,0.000130243,0.0003291022],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99926597,0.00020009781,0.00005189399,0.00013622176,0.000040322786,0.0003055166],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00035083876,0.00020713864,0.0003372454,0.00017608657,0.000022859584,0.000018781222,0.00017992422,0.00009517677,0.0000058529463],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000113333175,0.00015471615,0.000053269112,0.00025382818,0.00005112629,0.0000903193,0.000009101721,0.0004498339,0.0000013755553],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000046848072,0.0000035392618,0.00028432117,0.00007592596,0.00005358718,0.00007866316,0.0003742462,0.018055161,0.9804851,0.0000128014635,0.000037900176,0.0004919504],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00071838713,0.00020356594,0.0006281627,0.00054662616,0.000038552662,0.00011335178,0.0000043424297,0.10956886,0.8879493,0.000007476628,0.000020737127,0.00020062158],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00031640002,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00019579963,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.09253574,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017014559,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008083712,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.63091415},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2015949361","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450820605","title":"Experimental Study and CFD Simulation of Hydrodynamic Behaviours in an External Loop Airlift Slurry Reactor","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Turbulence; Mechanics; Computational fluid dynamics; Airlift; Slurry; Bubble; Turbulence kinetic energy; Interphase; Local Bubble; Materials science; Physics; Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Bioreactor","score_opus":0.007062355271539177,"score_gpt":0.2140024031167024,"score_spread":0.20694004784516323,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2015949361","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99856097,0.00042602155,0.0007633768,0.000010382782,0.00013584083,0.00008177757,0.0000034228756,0.000010109768,0.000008102583],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99968916,9.1361466e-7,0.00022302722,0.000004108596,0.00005333446,0.0000012761401,0.0000010553288,0.000026448373,6.778601e-7],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99931604,0.0000065347267,0.0003024091,0.00006720026,0.00011899935,0.00018880039],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995894,0.000024750201,0.000040343082,0.000101040794,0.000026792779,0.00021769611],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015505464,0.0001144627,0.00017345474,0.00016487218,0.000018208848,0.000026931673,0.00014659336,0.000051446907,0.0000040799323],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000022009446,0.00010422529,0.000035708268,0.000099130564,0.000026692966,0.00015609678,0.000009066774,0.00026896026,1.6367207e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004451913,0.000022865823,0.0008178715,0.0000068611625,0.000010170403,0.000035302175,0.0010472061,0.79748595,0.2003783,0.00003830215,2.0878818e-7,0.00015249086],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009988477,0.00014713102,0.0042806687,0.00015582584,0.00002482904,0.000070747854,0.00017383754,0.9545663,0.039341908,0.00004706785,0.0000019858967,0.00019087055],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0012512099,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009349232,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1610364,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00028196626,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000065641776,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4250184},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2016256283","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450780214","title":"Estimation of gas hold‐up in aerated vessels","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Impeller; Aeration; Mechanics; Thermodynamics; Mathematics; Engineering; Physics; Waste management","score_opus":0.003921924371424897,"score_gpt":0.16380704563578397,"score_spread":0.15988512126435908,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2016256283","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9985427,0.0003688495,0.00056789664,0.000066043394,0.00014151579,0.00003117004,0.000002709786,0.000010576043,0.00026852253],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99953884,0.000010103998,0.00036648355,0.0000089049045,0.00004258456,7.6611525e-7,0.0000014919036,0.00001800002,0.000012812903],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99942017,0.000004104379,0.00027747275,0.00003572253,0.00007966042,0.00018288041],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997006,0.000031940115,0.000022407918,0.00007936842,0.000025046056,0.00014060368],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014892877,0.00008043491,0.00014618495,0.0001227937,0.000011449488,0.000018551467,0.00014741224,0.000053071963,0.00005988713],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000043165066,0.000070509974,0.000040143434,0.00020144983,0.000018294131,0.00007913656,0.000002153517,0.00024548938,0.000002399731],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000021004976,0.0000012477666,0.000013153781,0.00002182049,0.00001208674,0.0000115849525,0.000213868,0.92559135,0.06882759,0.00014674729,0.00006175894,0.0050967094],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00019997705,0.0000071266036,0.000121926045,0.00013692766,0.000007735321,0.000052746625,0.0000036427355,0.9400738,0.059055045,0.00009815866,0.00016136267,0.00008156289],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00040123196,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00013290522,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.014482457,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013607672,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000076072065,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.28753132},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2016404673","doi":"10.1002/aic.10275","title":"Resonant geometries for circulation pattern macroinstabilities in a stirred tank","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AIChE Journal","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Strouhal number; Turbulence; Impeller; Rushton turbine; Mechanics; Vortex; Physics; Autocorrelation; Fourier analysis; Acoustics; Fourier transform; Mathematics; Reynolds number","score_opus":0.008531857452571264,"score_gpt":0.2066739918992464,"score_spread":0.19814213444667514,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2016404673","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8343681,0.00080343377,0.16407499,0.00022874912,0.00029983075,0.000093124174,0.000010229699,0.00003295711,0.00008859507],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981055,0.0001159744,0.0015779239,0.000029914314,0.00011030771,0.000006955785,0.000004120504,0.000020590076,0.000028710407],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99938416,0.0000056146846,0.00023094773,0.00006643335,0.000100776764,0.00021208826],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997813,0.000044168275,0.00002493556,0.00006973412,0.00003676878,0.000043093885],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002588594,0.00008094971,0.0001093771,0.00017508512,0.000056414952,0.00006206471,0.00006537897,0.000045242603,0.000012612982],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006257814,0.00007760981,0.000051628245,0.00013842531,0.0000124937405,0.00014853837,0.000009353172,0.00015682752,0.000002839936],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000054217944,0.00009167016,0.036710195,0.00032001093,0.000107962056,0.00008408739,0.0056457915,0.7866747,0.045991097,0.0018671241,0.0006670338,0.12178612],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0085954415,0.0002991462,0.32796496,0.00080578367,0.000059486556,0.0006124208,0.0023907165,0.59375787,0.00520157,0.047174014,0.011976409,0.0011621622],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000032916083,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00017753575,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.29125476,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022228157,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003168561,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.31648362},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2017401121","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2012.11.054","title":"Liquid–solid mass and heat transfer behavior of a concentric tube airlift reactor","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Airlift; Mass transfer; Materials science; Limiting current; Scrubber; Heat transfer; Chemical engineering; Electrochemistry; Diffusion; Chromatography; Thermodynamics; Waste management; Chemistry; Bioreactor; Electrode","score_opus":0.006192715401397266,"score_gpt":0.2165016965104539,"score_spread":0.21030898110905663,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2017401121","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96840113,0.0013391072,0.028869087,0.0003317052,0.00061360514,0.00012838062,0.00003423101,0.000014541508,0.0002682306],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9974763,0.0019926117,0.00028047254,0.000060826536,0.0001368095,0.0000068518175,0.000004194389,0.000023012912,0.000018956842],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990176,0.000014538529,0.00044534402,0.00009358024,0.00026902577,0.00015992655],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99955004,0.00004628873,0.0000055684645,0.000055366665,0.00021616188,0.00012655961],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009736842,0.00014437982,0.0002564638,0.00014297423,0.000017042436,0.000047922495,0.00013180388,0.00007962389,0.00012798418],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000048697175,0.00012349748,0.00010204104,0.00004735528,0.000050036182,0.00029884363,0.000005708742,0.00019077207,0.0000016743066],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000115880415,0.00005365957,0.0036743877,0.00005582005,0.00022948487,0.000057005844,0.00051730283,0.00077630655,0.9918843,0.00061991723,0.00009804325,0.001917875],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.020326318,0.0032751083,0.07709218,0.0018934975,0.0011628453,0.0023125904,0.0011039402,0.13705218,0.73536086,0.001169592,0.016956704,0.0022942116],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000037343736,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005948411,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2565235,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003882043,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000020926967,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5036081},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2017718190","doi":"10.3139/217.1625","title":"Numerical Study of Internal Bubble Cooling (IBC) in Film Blowing","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Polymer Processing","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Airflow; Mechanics; Turbulence; Materials science; Inlet; Internal flow; Computer simulation; Internal heating; Stack (abstract data type); Compressibility; Air bubble; Air cooling; Flow (mathematics); Heat flux; Mechanical engineering; Heat transfer; Physics; Engineering; Computer science","score_opus":0.00862601108098649,"score_gpt":0.24657060345537876,"score_spread":0.23794459237439228,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2017718190","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9655659,0.00080012163,0.02628163,0.000025252613,0.0004969099,0.00007301532,0.0000017651985,0.000082271385,0.006673143],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994314,0.000010324558,0.00019196245,0.000038040223,0.00012758542,0.0000105233885,0.0000033748292,0.000030790987,0.00015604563],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989613,0.000011281966,0.00039535738,0.00016790477,0.00026209783,0.00020200579],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997428,0.000029437086,0.00005079726,0.000084544525,0.000051521794,0.000040878556],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001164284,0.0001293945,0.00016765799,0.00024388045,0.000030804673,0.000058323414,0.00024965452,0.00004144835,0.000060893617],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002177781,0.00013870675,0.0000385238,0.00022716982,0.000014782831,0.00026346557,0.00004687707,0.00018530968,0.000005743586],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013789434,0.0007444193,0.1897661,0.00010879698,0.0001920275,0.0002245654,0.0067681447,0.6754428,0.033185367,0.00023518683,0.000059801743,0.09313489],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000790252,0.00003603003,0.006407616,0.00023191301,0.00000856323,0.000037703314,0.00065243704,0.9871004,0.004342362,0.000066545916,0.0001422545,0.00018392375],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00031962382,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000040232757,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.31165758,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000083545245,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000019811241,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5656297},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2018012643","doi":"10.1002/cjce.21858","title":"Effect of bubbles and additives on friction factor in pipeline flow","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Drag; Reynolds number; Turbulence; Mechanics; Materials science; Phase (matter); Bubble; Flow (mathematics); Thermodynamics; Friction factor; Chemistry; Physics","score_opus":0.0025390401397598133,"score_gpt":0.15856031663304035,"score_spread":0.15602127649328054,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2018012643","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99888545,0.00035052412,0.00043299666,0.000048278056,0.00012922306,0.000052958167,0.000009150298,0.000007127317,0.00008428699],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99974144,0.000009916126,0.00015220571,0.0000060157713,0.00007002103,0.0000019137763,0.0000011104252,0.000014404482,0.0000030057624],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995813,0.0000071700997,0.00017334695,0.00003608039,0.000061337574,0.00014079957],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996344,0.0001368675,0.000021046186,0.00005085117,0.00002299369,0.00013383997],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000106217216,0.00008507535,0.00014780006,0.00013161541,0.000010318591,0.00001729496,0.000074579904,0.000045658267,0.000022692637],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009954084,0.00006215612,0.000033102868,0.00007873001,0.000015929318,0.000065383974,0.0000037844432,0.00022059232,0.0000010689852],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010722125,0.00000407173,0.00048070308,0.00019782185,0.000050578758,0.000015678475,0.0005265212,0.42568964,0.5502808,0.00020640911,0.00036003444,0.022177013],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00034820664,0.00007305806,0.0011955908,0.00027794557,0.000010654128,0.000030000783,0.000007912947,0.7793009,0.21846628,0.000034341832,0.00013856501,0.00011649001],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000376524,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00011274612,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.35361132,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000086548134,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000018296125,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2534653},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2018287611","doi":"10.1115/fedsm-icnmm2010-30702","title":"Towards a Model of Vibration for a Cantilevered Mixing Rotor","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Impeller; Rotor (electric); Thrust; Vibration; Rotational speed; Mechanics; Mixing (physics); Rotation (mathematics); Cantilever; Physics; Amplitude; Spectral density; Natural frequency; Structural engineering; Acoustics; Materials science; Classical mechanics; Engineering; Mathematics; Optics; Geometry","score_opus":0.01002661670820961,"score_gpt":0.2076345138918753,"score_spread":0.19760789718366567,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2018287611","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.36106128,0.000004324682,0.63527244,0.000013553253,0.0001564183,0.00013924717,0.000016473972,0.00006355986,0.0032727127],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.90103936,0.0000017261804,0.098719634,0.000012402965,0.00002881614,0.0000271163,0.0000058294504,0.000014720868,0.00015038038],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99970174,7.761132e-7,0.00010551516,0.000056066165,0.000043129483,0.0000927973],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99983996,0.000009261646,0.000009584762,0.00008665089,0.000030674775,0.0000238901],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00005235406,0.000051762287,0.00007306525,0.00003541829,0.000015133812,0.000009854582,0.00004935719,0.000043963697,0.000017158154],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000014210434,0.000049612165,0.000035460173,0.000030348867,0.0000053163985,0.00006722264,0.000008029043,0.000044732515,7.784242e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000029115809,0.000004154379,0.000010270368,0.00004636876,0.000007757968,4.5422002e-8,0.00009944928,0.08878605,0.8932259,0.015457778,0.00016964585,0.0021896453],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00014454834,0.0000066974285,0.000041425763,0.000004654875,0.000003907692,3.461261e-7,0.0000072442244,0.9353201,0.06352708,0.0007888903,0.00009635441,0.000058767448],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004164347,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00019035129,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.846534,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000008073439,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000019454417,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.20231254},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2018384820","doi":"10.3390/e16084648","title":"Entropy Production in Pipeline Flow of Dispersions of Water in Oil","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Entropy","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Laminar flow; Entropy production; Turbulence; Thermodynamics; Emulsion; Newtonian fluid; Mechanics; Two-phase flow; Materials science; Flow (mathematics); Physics; Chemistry","score_opus":0.003389550985354647,"score_gpt":0.17770257754370852,"score_spread":0.17431302655835387,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2018384820","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9963515,0.00006485896,0.0027694106,0.0001298946,0.0003229181,0.00003738039,0.0000026359296,0.0000186218,0.00030280853],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99850476,0.00008047726,0.0011680243,0.0000036808776,0.000059307367,0.0000036468225,0.000011803471,0.00001183829,0.000156472],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99947786,0.000015609696,0.00020893301,0.000085895896,0.00007097375,0.0001407503],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998171,0.000009796982,0.000012647744,0.00012759896,0.0000147408555,0.000018118559],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012384939,0.00006275092,0.00013412723,0.00011266696,0.000005755584,0.0000022292704,0.000053494434,0.000031096315,0.000035323697],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000032492462,0.00005132234,0.000028430919,0.000085356565,0.000014179994,0.000042581072,0.000015914298,0.00007350615,0.000007960866],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000147125875,0.000059995786,0.0037004757,0.00010590583,0.000005599342,0.0000010605717,0.00077237823,0.21036865,0.7777144,0.0018594237,0.00018525243,0.0052121426],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00047629364,0.000018634177,0.0016284165,0.000075882395,0.000004695921,8.13884e-7,0.0000400637,0.8608581,0.13566056,0.00025459367,0.0008986843,0.00008327449],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000051518975,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000729184,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.65048945,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000033705688,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000029340551,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.20928642},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2018607863","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450800104","title":"Axial distribution of solids holdup for both hydrophilic and hydrophobic particles in three‐phase fluidized beds","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Settling; Sedimentation; Drag; Materials science; Dispersion (optics); Mechanics; Phase (matter); Fluidization; Fluidized bed; Chromatography; Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Geology; Optics; Physics; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.009442683544020843,"score_gpt":0.18774459062467563,"score_spread":0.1783019070806548,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2018607863","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9946934,0.0014971334,0.0034406567,0.000117124255,0.0001222808,0.00008548597,0.000025306332,0.00001032774,0.000008268896],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996136,0.00002392715,0.0002268776,0.000006870175,0.00009831935,0.000003978054,0.000003239104,0.000022049251,0.0000011410589],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992516,0.0000044325534,0.0003298239,0.000059952443,0.00008119294,0.00027299114],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995701,0.00006526337,0.00003710521,0.000089201065,0.000028086108,0.00021025795],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001860801,0.00011073533,0.00021579616,0.000091518144,0.000026468186,0.000023357537,0.0001290247,0.000066202774,0.000007163663],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007766226,0.00009666298,0.00006769634,0.00013824638,0.00004604528,0.00007329432,0.000007168206,0.00018905608,3.1848728e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015763551,0.0000142208,0.00007725644,0.00009236204,0.00004701324,0.000019544234,0.00031007192,0.074359454,0.92186415,0.000859748,0.00011685365,0.0022235822],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010800135,0.000043044376,0.00006891079,0.00008307376,0.000024022604,0.000047885886,0.0000041351605,0.9203175,0.077785835,0.00027761734,0.00015428635,0.00011368781],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00017334623,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001935511,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.84595805,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014122254,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000029047187,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.39418018},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2018770557","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450820501","title":"Flow Regime Identification in a Slurry Bubble Column from Gas Holdup and Pressure Fluctuations Analysis","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Distributor; Bubble; Slurry; Mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Materials science; Thermodynamics; Physics; Composite material","score_opus":0.0035554073373376643,"score_gpt":0.16168828702044447,"score_spread":0.1581328796831068,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2018770557","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9857738,0.0016532576,0.012007064,0.0003000853,0.00013731844,0.000054232085,0.00002302281,0.000016175474,0.000035016477],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99843955,0.000016212858,0.0014159122,0.000011973343,0.00007783361,0.0000027539702,0.000009243066,0.000016933187,0.000009597102],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993618,0.0000049700784,0.0002778725,0.000074099305,0.00009985687,0.00018141796],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99955136,0.00003971019,0.00003642768,0.00013265296,0.00004272805,0.00019713746],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001702475,0.000091946975,0.00017610803,0.00024568813,0.00003841041,0.00008074898,0.0001532557,0.00006690096,0.000012838861],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008368889,0.00008800132,0.00006114322,0.00040239946,0.000023792292,0.00011593945,0.000007049755,0.00026741228,0.0000011946407],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000010529253,0.0000017314773,0.00010116893,0.000009777044,0.00015045231,0.000010860106,0.0005091715,0.9376423,0.061102577,0.00024007796,0.000029286937,0.00020158228],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00029082294,0.0000039694537,0.00294197,0.000068155845,0.00022249763,0.000019543919,0.00001840526,0.9887774,0.0065454873,0.000722223,0.0002590791,0.00013041755],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0030090052,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0044728005,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.05455709,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017532261,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009341963,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4548736},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2019031207","doi":"10.1002/cjce.21828","title":"Advanced simulation of transient multiphase flow &amp; flow assurance in the oil &amp; gas industry","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Flow assurance; Multiphase flow; Flow (mathematics); Computational fluid dynamics; Transient (computer programming); Petroleum engineering; Two-phase flow; Tracking (education); Fossil fuel; Fluid dynamics; Lagrangian particle tracking; Sophistication; Mechanics; Computer science; Engineering; Simulation; Aerospace engineering; Chemistry; Physics; Waste management","score_opus":0.008313782271743718,"score_gpt":0.19822756206579126,"score_spread":0.18991377979404753,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2019031207","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9817486,0.00045623313,0.017117666,0.00026691987,0.0002226292,0.00006796392,0.000009036019,0.0000117308045,0.000099249235],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9952472,0.000008000469,0.004574227,0.000033490225,0.000093649694,0.0000052460114,0.000003669485,0.000025267445,0.00000926301],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990941,0.000013547707,0.0003804345,0.00006361693,0.00016618654,0.00028210288],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999337,0.00017976033,0.00004703274,0.00017655564,0.000078196186,0.00018144785],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025627634,0.00013618339,0.00019206817,0.00012023794,0.000026121457,0.000034150504,0.00028413496,0.0001260261,0.000033649063],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018971294,0.00009944537,0.00008199265,0.00022532935,0.000029765395,0.00013832122,0.000004275675,0.0007169885,0.0000033589763],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000027350882,0.000004213311,0.000026407644,0.00003928881,0.000015381895,0.000004069911,0.00074527157,0.93696195,0.058227565,0.0000112754005,0.000063083695,0.0038987512],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00037557984,0.0000054883694,0.00015937618,0.00016448244,0.0000110470355,0.000028628121,0.00001676085,0.9958635,0.0021836602,0.000041090014,0.0010316798,0.00011871016],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00033609098,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011797142,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.05890154,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014690231,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000070252114,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.40552646},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2019089862","doi":"10.1016/j.ces.2010.12.034","title":"Assessment of mass transfer coefficients in coalescing slug flow in vertical pipes and applications to tubular airlift membrane bioreactors","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Science","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Airlift; Slug flow; Mass transfer; Mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Bioreactor; Slug; Environmental science; Materials science; Chemistry; Petroleum engineering; Engineering; Two-phase flow; Physics; Biology; Ecology","score_opus":0.0035056302247640416,"score_gpt":0.2131926657313166,"score_spread":0.20968703550655254,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2019089862","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.85123795,0.000013447364,0.14834413,0.00001948959,0.000116747375,0.00014093638,0.000003947167,0.00004130897,0.000082026854],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9892997,0.0000045762768,0.010622643,0.000009522487,0.000017036742,0.000029902949,0.0000014625473,0.000014284613,8.696781e-7],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99904543,0.0000016640282,0.00022067151,0.0002330872,0.00020000037,0.00029914637],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99961007,0.000053134572,0.0000032145686,0.00016281294,0.000022212009,0.0001485708],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002499913,0.0001151663,0.00016221439,0.00024471272,0.000015725514,0.000023667531,0.00021944726,0.000061912426,0.0000036437084],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006016151,0.00012119561,0.000018311881,0.0007353262,0.0000978135,0.00011322473,0.000033807708,0.0002601131,8.933362e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[5.3166303e-7,0.000015801947,0.0005547038,0.00004804971,9.798149e-7,0.000001201023,0.00006126955,0.17415126,0.8238671,0.0010998567,3.821275e-7,0.00019891157],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00012604552,0.0000041386625,0.003385768,0.0000342026,0.000001707949,0.0000016517157,0.0000051475063,0.6440075,0.35228047,0.0000069369994,0.000045326837,0.00010111893],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008525097,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000044228177,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.47158659,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000072115356,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000028798368,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.49422136},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2019262827","doi":"10.2118/67184-ms","title":"A Mechanistic Model to Predict Natural Gas Separation Efficiency in Inclined Pumping Wells","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SPE Production and Operations Symposium","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Intecsea (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Natural gas; Separation (statistics); Petroleum engineering; Environmental science; Mechanics; Geology; Engineering; Waste management; Computer science; Physics","score_opus":0.007633395265053057,"score_gpt":0.23647919396916073,"score_spread":0.22884579870410768,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2019262827","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7980791,0.00013728584,0.19591874,0.0024502464,0.0009929382,0.0005549444,0.000004368159,0.00018385067,0.001678569],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9942162,0.00021128978,0.0042456067,0.00006985874,0.00015090754,0.000041222458,0.00002227243,0.00001687235,0.0010257495],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.999296,0.000012828002,0.00021543389,0.00022922656,0.00008164236,0.00016488314],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99974734,0.000004731303,0.000008172922,0.0001344748,0.000053323103,0.000051959705],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015415649,0.000111082234,0.00009772122,0.00019433464,0.00013810761,0.000079994476,0.00004928741,0.00004081686,0.000007633542],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000037548944,0.00011484025,0.00001623293,0.00030970632,0.00001045552,0.00023117874,0.00002229937,0.00011238319,0.0000166147],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005497077,0.000018251385,0.00004460726,0.000011695829,0.0000028733937,5.891866e-7,0.00038954793,0.800182,0.19708563,0.0019560836,0.00006293047,0.0002402841],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00013193657,0.000028081111,0.00007125134,0.000029952955,0.0000070681976,0.000017863542,0.000042202253,0.9951004,0.0041021015,0.00013096571,0.00020532405,0.00013286939],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000025109872,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003556392,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.19613716,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007972457,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000021194113,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.46830496},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2019809180","doi":"10.1016/j.chroma.2009.11.020","title":"The recent progress of solvent sublation","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Journal of Chromatography A","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":67,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"","keywords":"Chemistry; Solvent; Bubble; Aqueous solution; Adsorption; Organic solvent; Chromatography; Phase (matter); Aqueous two-phase system; Chemical engineering; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.015242179728816379,"score_gpt":0.2692730521291585,"score_spread":0.2540308724003421,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2019809180","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00004420658,0.99845755,0.00033421713,0.000014605174,0.00055537507,0.00018577636,0.0000042861975,0.000018195411,0.00038580142],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00013385876,0.99920577,0.0004769215,0.000001911188,0.00014005743,0.0000040800287,0.0000037266052,0.00003037085,0.000003332586],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99843425,0.000042619977,0.0010003732,0.000062152474,0.00028869297,0.00017189379],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99889547,0.00007038423,0.0006558976,0.00018267294,0.00013562686,0.000059969654],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004321358,0.0002033152,0.00082378555,0.00032064805,0.000043841326,0.000045900502,0.00028950532,0.00013063934,0.000004033539],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000011558722,0.00012339205,0.0008342822,0.00046210972,0.000043914715,0.00006691337,0.000012491825,0.00032967277,0.0000010463685],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000199805,0.000022628727,0.0000035140054,0.0027072139,0.0003217139,0.000008320025,0.000021667094,0.000076108845,0.0000024346764,0.00032018748,0.0011792292,0.995335],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009917869,0.00007307822,0.000023519946,0.008648764,0.00032166616,0.00013571074,0.000004367814,0.00030670295,0.0000039455917,0.00016464881,0.9900966,0.000121762125],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":2.0829238e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000010996813,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9952132,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004894508,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007462763,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5031781},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2019920576","doi":"10.1139/s04-014","title":"Understanding air–water mass transfer in rectangular dropshafts","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Engineering and Science","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Aeration; Outflow; Mass transfer; Hydraulics; Residence time (fluid dynamics); Mechanics; Scaling; Environmental science; Residence time distribution; Flow (mathematics); Bubble; Particle (ecology); Mass flux; Mass transfer coefficient; Flux (metallurgy); Hydrology (agriculture); Materials science; Meteorology; Geology; Physics; Geotechnical engineering; Geometry; Engineering; Thermodynamics; Waste management; Mathematics","score_opus":0.007821624377185185,"score_gpt":0.1600506012633004,"score_spread":0.1522289768861152,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2019920576","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.92590976,0.00025280332,0.073455155,0.000025254443,0.00019278072,0.00002555447,0.0000010020744,0.000011535812,0.00012613251],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99821794,0.00018700738,0.0015448838,0.000009091123,0.000022888706,4.092866e-7,1.5857198e-7,0.000011738996,0.000005869788],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99933666,0.0000019844247,0.00018128411,0.00007894243,0.0001855707,0.0002155638],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99982613,0.0000068283293,0.0000067941874,0.000051383162,0.0000017741132,0.000107082655],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002778667,0.000086914784,0.000108138825,0.0002026625,0.00003600988,0.000024300176,0.000099885016,0.000027872533,0.0000091533875],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000048871125,0.00007154569,0.000027854752,0.00009850349,0.00006293289,0.00026975438,0.000012102199,0.0001571954,0.0000014850284],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000015311493,0.0000045843703,0.00011557299,0.0000064270607,0.0000026912812,0.000025328776,0.00019625355,0.46664685,0.5328063,0.00015876746,3.1736707e-7,0.00003542347],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0035246392,0.0004585146,0.02899706,0.0006162602,0.000038722636,0.00095174916,0.0009967913,0.6735218,0.28744748,0.0019516201,0.00046791174,0.0010274164],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000011969295,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.6169147e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.24535878,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00046806617,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008643378,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.29175487},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2020138646","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20295","title":"A simple method for identifying bubbling/jetting regimes transition from large submerged orifices using electrical capacitance tomography (ECT)","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"East China University of Science and Technology","keywords":"Body orifice; Dimensionless quantity; Reynolds number; Materials science; Capacitance; Mechanics; Electrical capacitance tomography; Phase transition; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Physics; Chromatography; Mechanical engineering; Turbulence; Engineering","score_opus":0.010336241792980089,"score_gpt":0.2268180006101821,"score_spread":0.216481758817202,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2020138646","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6743405,0.0006051754,0.32428226,0.00004452833,0.0005665665,0.00008170128,0.000031684158,0.00003695766,0.000010605273],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.94469386,0.0000032245118,0.054578222,0.00003116178,0.00061778916,0.0000051007178,0.000009016416,0.0000605198,0.0000010944034],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99871475,0.000013184547,0.0004283531,0.00013511078,0.00016122028,0.000547357],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99908036,0.00022409428,0.00008566247,0.0001560705,0.00012154114,0.00033228402],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006372046,0.0001974139,0.0002918056,0.00026016234,0.00015118162,0.00012206866,0.0002908997,0.00015585656,0.000013122021],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00025765522,0.00018207871,0.0002191776,0.00037403396,0.000022582837,0.00019922896,0.000004379824,0.00079898094,3.8658305e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006914046,0.0000033447516,0.00004546196,0.00004286354,0.00009589632,0.000011946765,0.0007907198,0.058378022,0.93947244,0.0005621022,0.000059987164,0.00053030316],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00032868833,0.00000918539,0.000033383312,0.000077332894,0.000079148376,0.00006442004,0.000045207427,0.8313722,0.16635814,0.00074739463,0.0006627776,0.0002221043],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009932456,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00090925436,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.77311426,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013825446,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00011400108,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7424955},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2020788861","doi":"10.1021/ie801562y","title":"Characteristics of a Confined Impinging Jet Reactor: Energy Dissipation, Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Reaction Products, and Effect of Unequal Flow","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":77,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Micromixing; Dissipation; Mixing (physics); Mechanics; Work (physics); Jet (fluid); Flow (mathematics); Volumetric flow rate; Range (aeronautics); Homogeneous; Thermodynamics; Reaction rate; Particle (ecology); Chemistry; Yield (engineering); Materials science; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chromatography; Physics; Catalysis; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.01869306618330079,"score_gpt":0.2537040417349168,"score_spread":0.23501097555161599,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2020788861","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99895424,0.0004429362,0.00013688616,0.000021793941,0.00011913139,0.00014284987,0.00004292192,0.00007906498,0.000060207694],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99929667,0.00024490533,0.00004209363,5.6917685e-7,0.00029381167,0.000011301601,0.00005860062,0.0000336532,0.000018419607],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987332,0.000029618452,0.00037827273,0.00024355354,0.0002756145,0.0003397431],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99924964,0.00020519727,0.000054549248,0.00024417505,0.00012743851,0.0001190187],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005241399,0.00020769748,0.0003694547,0.00012904948,0.000039130435,0.00003569637,0.00010643138,0.00022883259,0.0000034896973],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005265781,0.00021336778,0.000036166195,0.00027662705,0.000052379328,0.000060858823,0.00004222308,0.0003820598,1.3867314e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000064555716,0.000013978952,0.00024896802,0.00034732017,0.000042721887,0.0000118962935,0.000058713176,0.005105588,0.9780794,0.000015636044,0.0000190662,0.015992159],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00051893044,0.00016555274,0.00034429439,0.00019137653,0.000020560952,0.00003800367,0.000004754803,0.15426098,0.8439573,0.000004126094,0.00032489418,0.00016924685],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000039079925,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.1794736e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1491554,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008049155,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000038667375,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8700885},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2021114612","doi":"10.1002/aic.12807","title":"Detached eddy simulation on the turbulent flow in a stirred tank","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AIChE Journal","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":62,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Universiti Malaysia Pahang; Eli Lilly and Company","keywords":"Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations; Turbulence; Rushton turbine; Detached eddy simulation; Large eddy simulation; Mechanics; Impeller; Turbulence kinetic energy; Vortex; Flow (mathematics); Physics","score_opus":0.030199237644377666,"score_gpt":0.2102678419961969,"score_spread":0.18006860435181926,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2021114612","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9635911,0.00023343384,0.03310748,0.0002229937,0.00041517458,0.0001011723,9.956873e-7,0.000046511017,0.0022811284],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982501,0.000038704926,0.0014408008,0.000094583746,0.00009780642,0.0000022889844,6.966942e-7,0.000016732947,0.000058235797],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994815,0.00002566602,0.00017015917,0.00005372555,0.00011022713,0.00015872995],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997535,0.000056736368,0.000023818226,0.00010276769,0.000020884296,0.000042308562],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00028667809,0.00008105873,0.00007597792,0.00006707069,0.000048248166,0.000029680377,0.00010307803,0.00004317662,0.00011476981],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003756542,0.00005634013,0.000041156163,0.0000863958,0.0000069939533,0.00007300251,0.000009221055,0.0003178232,0.00002894794],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015088406,0.000023559684,0.00042906197,0.000003864212,0.000023816241,0.000029213648,0.0013912161,0.99135834,0.001452244,0.00018287127,0.00044255643,0.004648152],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00022977519,0.000026502226,0.007262192,0.000033082393,0.000006864726,0.00001908379,0.000056968107,0.99088854,0.00031257537,0.00066756346,0.00042094605,0.000075925964],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000059868144,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000019408704,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03465904,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007245022,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010007987,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.22974838},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2022337109","doi":"10.1080/01919510108962032","title":"Maximizing the Enhanced Ozone Oxidation of Kraft Pulp Mill Effluents in an Impinging-Jet Bubble Column","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ozone Science and Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Kraft process; Ozone; Venturi effect; Chemistry; Effluent; Wastewater; Bubble column reactor; Mass transfer; Bubble; Pulp (tooth); Pulp mill; Mass transfer coefficient; Aeration; Pulp and paper industry; Chromatography; Waste management; Kraft paper; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Inlet; Mechanics","score_opus":0.006350540420844614,"score_gpt":0.20412457882594776,"score_spread":0.19777403840510313,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2022337109","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97951317,0.00030513073,0.019441662,0.000023378085,0.00023433624,0.00012704259,0.000001382513,0.00008510774,0.0002687974],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978545,0.00023770555,0.0018121524,0.000013964949,0.00003256947,0.000012943357,0.0000023752484,0.000020475445,0.000013314907],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988917,0.0000059795093,0.00023428844,0.00021222638,0.00025330076,0.0004024648],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995811,0.000030064546,0.000025806157,0.00021818535,0.00006017438,0.000084698724],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00064566085,0.00013984677,0.00016152803,0.00021125635,0.00010000438,0.000082896666,0.0002451779,0.000043565247,0.000005397774],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000057866568,0.00012662906,0.000020519696,0.00090178335,0.00007200503,0.0005535645,0.00005544914,0.0001334793,0.0000021584726],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000017874004,0.000009013235,0.0012643781,0.00003640724,0.0000035065698,0.0000021182486,0.0004881465,0.17686951,0.8190681,0.000209062,0.0000031454301,0.002044863],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00028895415,0.000036446574,0.015909398,0.000121498066,0.00000623218,0.000011680987,0.00016719846,0.92762184,0.055402476,0.00003852786,0.00017846783,0.00021727996],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006309392,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000067120185,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.76366556,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009038753,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002251965,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5163783},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2022353257","doi":"10.1080/00986440590495269","title":"Ultrasonic Technique For Measuring Phase Holdups In Multiphase Systems","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Communications","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Ultrasonic sensor; Phase (matter); Multiphase flow; Attenuation; Amplitude; Materials science; Flow (mathematics); Mechanics; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Acoustics; Chemistry; Chromatography; Physics; Optics","score_opus":0.021719908881174012,"score_gpt":0.25396726402735614,"score_spread":0.23224735514618214,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2022353257","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.09268439,0.005403151,0.8981037,0.0001720784,0.00019699684,0.0012786287,0.00007041621,0.0010985375,0.0009921163],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9278596,0.00015619269,0.07093367,0.000006444594,0.000062739506,0.00084860146,0.000060392467,0.000060762908,0.000011568841],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99915284,0.000007142282,0.00033473605,0.00013663877,0.000071192866,0.00029743908],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988551,0.00021896037,0.000019216382,0.0007826588,0.00003598677,0.00008806818],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020172134,0.00016751686,0.00019490857,0.00014059103,0.00004005988,0.000033605196,0.00053548464,0.00011479374,0.0000019356207],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000121563586,0.0002024701,0.00006757604,0.00021297822,0.000023235618,0.00011688221,0.0000638841,0.0003219321,0.0000050820863],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000001853201,0.000071011986,0.0000041231115,0.00008545768,0.000012923494,2.8374956e-7,0.000060303766,0.28404212,0.71263504,0.0020631156,0.00004824239,0.0009755104],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007447669,0.0000059135314,0.000003799799,0.00013776422,0.000008343172,0.000008080238,0.000009729055,0.90448195,0.08663686,0.000008860287,0.007741784,0.0002121598],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009297198,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003772171,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8351752,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00026633978,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012882986,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8256491},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2022594255","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450820506","title":"Oxygen Transfer in a Baffled Rectangular Air‐Lift Loop Reactor","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Mass transfer; Mechanics; Loop (graph theory); Mass transfer coefficient; Lift (data mining); Mass flow meter; Flow (mathematics); Two-phase flow; Gas lift; Work (physics); Mass flow; Oxygen; Airflow; Materials science; Volumetric flow rate; Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Physics; Mathematics; Computer science","score_opus":0.004087063194906748,"score_gpt":0.1560153599645972,"score_spread":0.15192829676969044,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2022594255","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9952054,0.0009908923,0.0028801477,0.00033325914,0.00028609863,0.000062982115,0.0000044601366,0.000027711567,0.00020902985],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992522,0.000010033439,0.000516916,0.00004907107,0.000120469325,0.0000020459938,0.0000013948039,0.00004340201,0.000004444781],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991364,0.000004910708,0.00031501777,0.000068258,0.00012111121,0.00035433524],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99946856,0.000030852407,0.0000133566455,0.00012650955,0.000039148814,0.00032154744],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021000135,0.00014337976,0.0002111446,0.00018766733,0.000018212737,0.000027559006,0.000258096,0.000097046184,0.0000150892665],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007703765,0.00012264572,0.00008653999,0.00025663333,0.000021938396,0.00009311787,0.000004525303,0.0005056391,0.0000037274613],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005811478,0.0000047707945,0.000030347808,0.000038605012,0.000052836214,0.00020058978,0.0006851137,0.5584296,0.43889263,0.0011568695,0.000044328346,0.00045846964],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005496252,0.00013277297,0.0024529642,0.0018658857,0.00015870885,0.0016213724,0.00010410449,0.36869434,0.6095655,0.0013713758,0.0067277416,0.0018089793],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014758491,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00216745,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.18973528,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005036778,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00020417488,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.50013477},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2022736655","doi":"10.1016/j.ces.2013.06.013","title":"Effect of electrolytes on interphase mass transfer in microbubble-sparged airlift reactors","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Science","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Mass transfer; Interphase; Airlift; Chemistry; Electrolyte; Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Mechanics; Bioreactor; Electrode; Physics; Engineering; Biology","score_opus":0.0018608044088057134,"score_gpt":0.17826599663935835,"score_spread":0.17640519223055265,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2022736655","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9914036,0.00006561009,0.0077456003,0.000009879278,0.00014912104,0.00014869965,0.0000016915334,0.00012813223,0.00034769936],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992931,0.0000066018047,0.0006177104,0.000007815385,0.000017079732,0.00002568712,0.0000017369091,0.000024416335,0.00000587044],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989907,0.00000461071,0.00021355096,0.00021206125,0.00016709298,0.0004119634],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995542,0.00012903442,0.000007210141,0.000182524,0.000021355707,0.00010563196],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000252439,0.00017419265,0.00021393521,0.00022094705,0.000011617056,0.000027956754,0.0003005454,0.0000628157,0.000015561092],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012804286,0.00015661279,0.00005220074,0.0005350179,0.000071794544,0.00016876248,0.000015733498,0.00024369145,0.00001280485],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000054224524,0.000008906319,0.00006652392,0.00007843041,0.000003472531,0.0000012816629,0.00004515311,0.040414445,0.95858485,0.00013730084,0.000012511574,0.00064170436],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000195662,0.00004798275,0.00007801165,0.000073578434,0.000002004272,0.0000013275117,9.686794e-7,0.33548206,0.66399616,0.00000512251,0.000010807106,0.00010631376],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000098653845,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.0836119e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2950676,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012666619,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013037456,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6386484},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2022971104","doi":"10.2166/wst.2011.355","title":"Contribution of hydrodynamic characteristics on the performance of an aerobic biofilm conical fluidized bed","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Science & Technology","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China","keywords":"Biofilm; Conical surface; Bioreactor; Fluidized bed; Fluidized bed combustion; Population; Matrix (chemical analysis); Materials science; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Chemical engineering; Waste management; Chromatography; Environmental science; Composite material; Bacteria; Engineering; Geology","score_opus":0.007568576059585453,"score_gpt":0.1903565053627304,"score_spread":0.18278792930314497,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2022971104","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99898857,0.000010603511,0.0004302989,0.000056033252,0.00018220693,0.0001199152,0.000004571987,0.00012031098,0.00008751972],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995963,0.000023214217,0.00034031196,0.000010605371,0.000004859263,0.000009523112,0.0000043068753,0.000007987519,0.000002885106],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99917424,0.0000069414764,0.0002461656,0.00015663874,0.0001197747,0.0002962637],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99944144,0.00000982025,0.000039294166,0.00038792583,0.00009493098,0.000026611884],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004000314,0.000093745606,0.00017502306,0.00027688246,0.00007390544,0.000006727749,0.00053706346,0.00010362663,0.000014297546],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000036238813,0.00005821569,0.000023540106,0.00039232004,0.00082328473,0.00010908451,0.000080371436,0.00014180095,0.000010955156],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009967548,0.00002235866,0.0003863559,0.000006941023,0.0000036739154,8.7625654e-7,0.00013192112,0.000062262196,0.98970604,0.009092842,5.355452e-7,0.00057624775],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00012158265,0.00020057619,0.0006312363,0.000015888247,0.0000047264234,0.0000059846157,0.000015289188,0.20671003,0.79202193,0.00019895624,0.000010765887,0.00006304786],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000649728,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000028983902,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.20664777,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000041931813,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000019703039,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3033427},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2023636822","doi":"10.1002/cjce.21778","title":"Just‐suspended agitation of solid mixtures","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Ternary operation; Suspended solids; Solid solution; Binary number; Materials science; Thermodynamics; Total dissolved solids; Physics; Environmental science; Mathematics; Computer science; Environmental engineering; Metallurgy","score_opus":0.0057365538919811904,"score_gpt":0.17984779484948293,"score_spread":0.17411124095750175,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2023636822","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.995436,0.00094954803,0.0022514234,0.00026489733,0.00043573277,0.00007028076,0.0000055962314,0.000019644214,0.00056687923],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991081,0.000005564066,0.0007024772,0.000027867232,0.00012011022,0.0000014879442,0.0000012198193,0.00002141078,0.000011758412],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994045,0.0000035645037,0.0002613823,0.000035052133,0.00009903206,0.00019650863],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994954,0.00004768026,0.00004108745,0.000090763024,0.00012250172,0.00020259137],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010148711,0.00008828076,0.00014596051,0.0001101656,0.000017462791,0.000025867226,0.0001921676,0.00005579858,0.00006198743],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011556727,0.000070321985,0.00006763401,0.00010252078,0.000025072954,0.00010307888,0.0000053114045,0.00023115854,0.0000046584705],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000010142413,0.0000018746111,0.000016288459,0.000054859214,0.000065518216,0.0000073692963,0.00039622214,0.22828253,0.7659216,0.00094129785,0.0023406518,0.0019707948],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00032021935,0.000022893368,0.0002962499,0.00015601332,0.00004064329,0.00012034583,0.00004386278,0.45212966,0.5449379,0.0009951389,0.0007041037,0.00023295681],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00040106633,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000064788364,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.22384714,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000096943106,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000069039386,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.28676474},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2023759185","doi":"10.1002/cjce.21928","title":"Population balance model: Breakage kernel parameter estimation to emulsification data","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Breakage; Residual; Population; Experimental data; Estimation theory; System identification; Nonlinear system; Computer science; Coalescence (physics); Population balance equation; Applied mathematics; Least-squares function approximation; Mathematical optimization; Algorithm; Mathematics; Biological system; Statistics; Data modeling; Physics","score_opus":0.012082730185370292,"score_gpt":0.199764251697075,"score_spread":0.18768152151170472,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2023759185","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.70911884,0.00012076486,0.28999102,0.0003732975,0.0001948639,0.00010929021,0.000012255017,0.000033147073,0.000046489025],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9836369,0.0000015984939,0.016166693,0.000048399543,0.00008245224,0.0000039292026,0.000025565128,0.000026349002,0.000008116537],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99936867,0.0000036808,0.00024831205,0.00007431443,0.000107678636,0.0001973176],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993435,0.000039088744,0.00003263298,0.0002774036,0.000052600837,0.00025474446],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014747528,0.000094638264,0.00011952699,0.00009515732,0.000028685738,0.00009086308,0.00036737713,0.000051374907,0.000010979724],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015885789,0.00008117245,0.000026612186,0.00011889376,0.000007707687,0.00029543837,0.000015407384,0.00019224499,0.000012321293],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[4.928184e-7,8.6678284e-7,0.00004036022,0.000012592825,0.000011570032,8.8507505e-7,0.00008025351,0.96060425,0.036104787,0.00031436962,0.00055515516,0.0022744094],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005821301,0.0000028959798,0.0006482919,0.000037209604,0.000010492459,0.000020216125,0.00000175391,0.99688554,0.001743296,0.0004478099,0.000049333965,0.00009494423],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009893044,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000111269335,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.27451804,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018146545,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000033141074,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.33101168},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2023972987","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20301","title":"Destabilisation of homogeneous bubbly flow in an annular gap bubble column","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Sparging; Porosity; Mechanics; Homogeneous; Void (composites); Superficial velocity; Materials science; Local Void; Concentric; Flow (mathematics); Two-phase flow; Composite material; Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Geometry; Physics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.005357774377056217,"score_gpt":0.16829073285203772,"score_spread":0.1629329584749815,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2023972987","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9981961,0.00020536064,0.0010464737,0.000040308296,0.00036423822,0.000052454772,0.0000071054374,0.000012850095,0.000075101205],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99705344,0.0000024611952,0.0027765252,0.000008106062,0.00012409942,0.0000015249611,0.0000024715969,0.000029046207,0.000002324027],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992807,0.0000061753303,0.0003070291,0.00005661375,0.00011001458,0.00023949228],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994138,0.000043617645,0.000036553713,0.0001564012,0.000083335726,0.00026628323],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002967834,0.000101063306,0.00017253787,0.00015754139,0.000019540894,0.00003151187,0.0002463351,0.00009380613,0.000021712283],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011605017,0.00009435716,0.000052315085,0.00017144262,0.00003646764,0.00011729843,0.0000061541627,0.00045264093,7.3554247e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000001840036,0.0000033496476,0.00037702126,0.000022588341,0.000008673572,0.000019631738,0.00030541624,0.46937254,0.529022,0.00019542847,0.000015461364,0.00065609894],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00024051855,0.000025041003,0.0005872176,0.000058278223,0.000013630159,0.0001426054,0.000016831464,0.90292305,0.09537413,0.00020602415,0.0002583354,0.000154332],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00065942446,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005580661,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4336478,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012598347,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014743512,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.38477734},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2024046509","doi":"10.1115/1.2801356","title":"Flow Field Characterization at the Onset of Gas Entrainment in a Single Downward Discharge Using Particle Image Velocimetry","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Fluids Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Particle image velocimetry; Entrainment (biomusicology); Mechanics; Velocimetry; Vortex; Flow (mathematics); Flow measurement; Particle tracking velocimetry; Volumetric flow rate; Materials science; Physics; Turbulence; Acoustics","score_opus":0.006088668708223261,"score_gpt":0.20077307830932456,"score_spread":0.1946844096011013,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2024046509","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.75334597,0.000269249,0.24593587,0.000034824105,0.00031632415,0.000053926637,0.0000055274545,0.000013789935,0.000024504954],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9941848,0.00007091303,0.0055841203,0.000018374434,0.0001054724,7.373671e-7,0.0000028964437,0.000026576196,0.0000061115043],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989209,0.000009815907,0.0005366914,0.00006554784,0.00019901803,0.00026802943],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99962556,0.00008094816,0.00007051048,0.000116492694,0.000039541053,0.00006692801],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005717474,0.00012347483,0.00019916141,0.00013851939,0.000025737854,0.000022303102,0.00011355354,0.00005483775,0.000029983685],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000072214614,0.00010316964,0.00008533434,0.0002285752,0.000011877319,0.0001822148,0.000033252392,0.00019234966,0.0000012289588],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000017075256,0.000025690435,0.00095798523,0.000055281933,0.000020667505,0.000025885194,0.00044914446,0.0814765,0.91477424,0.000023880735,0.00001580839,0.0021578628],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00031010265,0.00005029631,0.004905379,0.0001409734,0.000017726956,0.00007613098,0.000046883084,0.62130356,0.37286922,0.0000036147371,0.0001701264,0.0001059959],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004283574,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004946383,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.541905,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023148971,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001160969,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.42071357},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2024217740","doi":"10.1016/j.ces.2011.02.040","title":"Effect of a dispersed immiscible liquid phase on the hydrodynamics of a bubble column and ebullated bed","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Science","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Syncrude (Canada); University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Syncrude","keywords":"Bubble; Particle (ecology); Phase (matter); Chromatography; Fluidization; Dispersion (optics); Chemistry; Materials science; Fluidized bed; Mechanics; Organic chemistry; Geology","score_opus":0.004667679972712914,"score_gpt":0.1952549478087767,"score_spread":0.19058726783606378,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2024217740","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9978016,0.000058813937,0.0011918775,0.000004680038,0.00009158659,0.00012815766,0.00000597775,0.00007147388,0.0006458298],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994758,0.0000088563875,0.00047544378,0.0000024682488,0.0000072757994,0.000008306634,0.0000010009802,0.000016311003,0.000004578655],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99926573,0.000004261474,0.00017432238,0.0001589109,0.00016709058,0.00022967807],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995241,0.00012134393,0.000024455952,0.00022358475,0.000026797712,0.00007970692],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003670758,0.00012520647,0.00018335495,0.00008258217,0.000026816664,0.000010229862,0.00025773712,0.00004539612,0.000007912768],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016823258,0.00009472831,0.00003866517,0.00040910943,0.000220408,0.00006175584,0.00005401523,0.0001236605,0.0000010030203],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000032596916,0.000017678767,0.000008688109,0.00010089633,0.000008973358,9.918795e-7,0.00020817178,0.011164596,0.98738116,0.0009362931,0.0000035280557,0.00013640444],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00020064253,0.00014608697,0.0000102244,0.000048371927,0.000006301068,0.0000018218651,0.000003341127,0.49310285,0.506415,0.0000038927847,0.0000031519437,0.00005829012],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000010814294,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.968822e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.48193827,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000035955298,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013842852,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.38629085},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2024641441","doi":"10.1081/lft-200048166","title":"Flow Enhancement of Medium-Viscosity Crude Oil","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Petroleum Science and Technology","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":86,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"United Arab Emirates University","keywords":"Viscosity; Flow (mathematics); Crude oil; Chemistry; Flow properties; Chromatography; Petroleum engineering; Thermodynamics; Mechanics; Geology; Physics","score_opus":0.0025370488797784537,"score_gpt":0.1807252168874322,"score_spread":0.17818816800765375,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2024641441","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9862358,0.0005144142,0.0060155564,0.00028840327,0.00016487845,0.000014886772,0.0000024894784,0.00013541906,0.006628173],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9974821,0.00013075669,0.0022304382,0.000008287612,0.000015452188,0.000006717388,8.2668055e-7,0.0000050334284,0.00012035136],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992941,0.0000015712759,0.00013149885,0.00015697813,0.00017242535,0.00024342364],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99972844,0.0000074442714,0.000018826859,0.00016368431,0.000056601104,0.000025005767],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019600743,0.00007281643,0.000115147086,0.0003136388,0.00007368344,0.000013728962,0.00021089244,0.000056220582,0.000007563001],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000019381685,0.00006829809,0.000011103096,0.0005019859,0.00043536996,0.000086012544,0.00007830572,0.000084987594,0.000004415722],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[9.124863e-7,0.00001967642,0.0015620592,0.000026988613,0.0000035461203,0.0000026987466,0.0000147189585,0.0012039375,0.96404,0.011091376,0.00011270566,0.021921419],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00028483703,0.00007803365,0.0022667113,0.000030227313,0.000009027699,0.000016064567,0.000049764018,0.45041692,0.54063267,0.0026718397,0.0033542656,0.00018961828],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000031392767,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000057586116,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.449213,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000043636137,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003268451,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.27851155},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2024972524","doi":"10.5539/mas.v6n9p56","title":"The Identification of Gas-liquid Co-current Two Phase Flow Pattern in a Horizontal Pipe Using the Power Spectral Density and the Artificial Neural Network (ANN)","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Modern Applied Science","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Flow (mathematics); Spectral density; Artificial neural network; Two-phase flow; Plug flow; Mean flow; Slug flow; Power (physics); Support vector machine; Mechanics; Mathematics; Materials science; Computer science; Statistics; Physics; Thermodynamics; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.013620745267523625,"score_gpt":0.2619050265124695,"score_spread":0.24828428124494586,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2024972524","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8059583,0.00028947467,0.19288199,0.000046982354,0.0004690981,0.00024497916,0.0000023102625,0.000017425495,0.00008950297],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99972373,0.000024512723,0.0000675867,0.000014312485,0.00014501861,0.00001283152,0.0000011319194,0.00001008736,8.136608e-7],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.998852,0.000033368437,0.0002624795,0.00015452184,0.0002756202,0.00042197702],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99953455,0.000071822804,0.00005922813,0.00025958676,0.000022706632,0.00005210932],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0017770188,0.00010558609,0.000108549044,0.00003359026,0.00049528095,0.00012337553,0.00028669255,0.000019234849,0.0000010874355],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000013712568,0.00006311061,0.00002981397,0.00024638535,0.0005910328,0.00014033403,0.0000698554,0.00018802106,0.000001277358],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012920675,0.000049257,0.00024319286,0.000008480033,0.0000072025077,5.6587e-7,0.0072974684,0.10878376,0.8436108,0.008158507,0.000009643328,0.0317019],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00029942044,0.000006911731,0.00038697617,0.0000059009353,0.000007983775,0.0000030700078,0.00014291644,0.9897198,0.008638222,0.0006934764,0.000016735532,0.00007857646],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000031111398,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00012742744,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.880936,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006857732,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000024312234,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.38093507},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2025014741","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450810206","title":"Interfacial Area and Liquid‐Side Volumetric Mass Transfer Coefficient in a Downflow Bubble Column","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Mass transfer coefficient; Mass transfer; Chemistry; Aqueous solution; Sodium hydroxide; Nozzle; Sodium carbonate; Sodium bicarbonate; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chromatography; Thermodynamics; Sodium; Mechanics","score_opus":0.004862776316444027,"score_gpt":0.1541629932920926,"score_spread":0.14930021697564858,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2025014741","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9809896,0.0012332007,0.016981903,0.000053483855,0.0003234207,0.00006705314,0.0000052236874,0.000014224225,0.00033192002],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99947774,0.000012950683,0.0004056425,0.000021471278,0.00004235809,0.000002237789,5.2889845e-7,0.000026911073,0.000010130631],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991745,0.000008867494,0.0002944818,0.000073652795,0.00010922614,0.00033931085],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994978,0.000055371867,0.000012842467,0.00008538652,0.00003670242,0.0003119018],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00028490592,0.00013188973,0.00020347857,0.0002862224,0.000028030034,0.00005613424,0.00014841314,0.000080522135,0.000019846706],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013348725,0.000118806085,0.00005497579,0.00034813787,0.000032095828,0.00006297716,0.0000040477094,0.00042425416,0.0000011934118],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012568718,0.000006104405,0.00017121485,0.00005622569,0.000047820035,0.000099617144,0.0006189473,0.77905154,0.21840222,0.0009621149,0.00009550813,0.0004760972],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011466361,0.00009439109,0.00017769301,0.00029791764,0.000044252254,0.0004156608,0.000055500852,0.8949525,0.097817495,0.00009837182,0.0044176304,0.00048200585],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00028867958,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00069571816,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.120584734,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00028944595,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000112306014,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.48447716},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2025134666","doi":"10.1002/jctb.1833","title":"Using dynamic tests to study the continuous mixing of xanthan gum solutions","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":42,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Impeller; Mixing (physics); Xanthan gum; Mechanics; Rheology; Materials science; Shear thinning; Flow (mathematics); Newtonian fluid; Composite material; Physics","score_opus":0.019174245108625372,"score_gpt":0.2555056725810322,"score_spread":0.23633142747240682,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2025134666","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9811865,0.0011510992,0.015205389,0.001653384,0.0002760984,0.00023027541,0.000004610453,0.00025951152,0.000033113676],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9883156,0.00013852461,0.011441442,0.000025184849,0.000031384585,0.0000059091803,3.7930263e-7,0.000037123078,0.0000044467533],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983419,0.000019292045,0.00078793627,0.00018605674,0.00018922833,0.00047556433],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99898,0.00007657218,0.00023043303,0.0004852545,0.00016632651,0.00006145563],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00028458162,0.00022172111,0.00058537914,0.0008383853,0.00011648942,0.00000620826,0.00086388463,0.000641227,0.000005899598],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00032196532,0.00017679458,0.000137768,0.0011338908,0.0005168822,0.000058615904,0.00028784608,0.0010783323,0.0000038034098],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011681196,0.00015030857,0.0009746807,0.000007822285,0.00018131672,0.00010484179,0.00011938713,0.00072765985,0.9919992,0.0006000978,0.00006861925,0.005054354],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012538199,0.00072919775,0.00069773226,0.000121205776,0.00019148039,0.00560431,0.001217336,0.022957988,0.9631178,0.0030777848,0.00059935905,0.0004320305],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000051147463,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000056626873,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.028881475,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015292813,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000045993263,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7209474},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2025240327","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450810613","title":"Experimental Study of Influence of the Impeller Spacing on Flow Behaviour of Double‐Impeller Stirred Tank","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Impeller; Slip factor; Agitator; Turbine; Mechanics; Rushton turbine; Materials science; Homogeneity (statistics); Turbulence; Flow (mathematics); Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Physics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.006622450500927922,"score_gpt":0.18827433598267002,"score_spread":0.1816518854817421,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2025240327","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9990431,0.0002615807,0.00007893582,0.000013807919,0.00031189938,0.0001303777,0.000005271646,0.0000055566243,0.00014945361],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99973696,0.000001481182,0.00018543028,0.000005136718,0.00002674829,0.0000017145725,2.2635275e-7,0.000030546435,0.000011760573],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989421,0.0000140191905,0.00049420865,0.000071197894,0.00024353329,0.000234966],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993395,0.000046041565,0.00012098542,0.00024309683,0.00008690578,0.00016344053],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022703082,0.00015529142,0.00028921766,0.00012400647,0.00002883635,0.000011355476,0.0003286091,0.00006368278,0.000019946465],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000066018794,0.0001118252,0.00011436356,0.00021880685,0.000049939546,0.00006098999,0.000016621007,0.0003452859,3.8032525e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000831863,0.000026427739,0.0005103696,0.000021329432,0.000053314925,0.0000046784785,0.0011700547,0.59298724,0.4050369,0.00013669442,0.000028479977,0.000016180036],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010696829,0.00012448282,0.0010508299,0.00025986086,0.00005175151,0.00003885561,0.00032159378,0.033720534,0.96316105,0.0000103124685,0.000031047886,0.00015998879],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00063235004,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00011324215,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.55926675,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001562315,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00011109206,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4560099},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2025507427","doi":"10.1021/ie071131c","title":"Revisiting the Performance of a Coaxial Mixer","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":37,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Procter and Gamble","keywords":"Baffle; Rushton turbine; Laminar flow; Reynolds number; Impeller; Mechanics; Coaxial; Turbulence; Turbine; Mixing (physics); Materials science; Power (physics); Physics; Thermodynamics; Mechanical engineering; Engineering","score_opus":0.04512236182908911,"score_gpt":0.28944018876858796,"score_spread":0.24431782693949886,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2025507427","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99608356,0.00023976332,0.00014787831,0.000036181318,0.00023616015,0.00012548229,0.0000056809276,0.00011014254,0.0030151666],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99804175,0.000041585015,0.00004478484,0.0000011940824,0.0016163046,0.000008990889,0.0000058842224,0.000039912098,0.00019960577],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984497,0.000010770411,0.0003395401,0.00014793301,0.00046200192,0.0005900647],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999104,0.0003534109,0.000022022989,0.00030649817,0.00011358092,0.00010046928],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0022558775,0.00013998713,0.00016991922,0.000074404496,0.00008788814,0.000038536196,0.000364992,0.00019648993,0.00004272157],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00031042728,0.00012248756,0.000059734375,0.0005393736,0.000068442765,0.00006097586,0.0000910563,0.0010829355,0.0000073225337],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016359707,0.0000042442903,0.00042191482,0.00018499038,0.00002844386,0.000007765096,0.00006959332,0.04712424,0.9450338,0.000050788665,0.00019651956,0.006861331],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00036016287,0.0000143660645,0.00028009285,0.0002248428,0.0000059657355,0.000015641968,0.0000755478,0.19327646,0.79881054,0.0000020033856,0.0067702443,0.00016412653],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001751659,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.9358284e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.14622326,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012948253,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000045400542,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.49948975},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2025964810","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2006.02.001","title":"An experimental investigation of the motion of single bubbles under a slightly inclined surface","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":68,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Chicoutimi","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Froude number; Bubble; Drag; Mechanics; Terminal velocity; Volume (thermodynamics); Surface (topology); Physics; Inclination angle; Materials science; Range (aeronautics); Geometry; Thermodynamics; Flow (mathematics); Mathematics","score_opus":0.01057647778005024,"score_gpt":0.23733649544852567,"score_spread":0.22676001766847542,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2025964810","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9548823,0.00017368753,0.043989465,0.00006587018,0.00074748194,0.000042846463,0.000021486452,0.000009511629,0.00006733434],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9870541,0.0000051192023,0.012740785,0.000014294684,0.00015047076,3.7680053e-7,0.000011458364,0.00001251877,0.000010887792],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990981,0.00002713402,0.00043521103,0.000051179817,0.00032588353,0.000062454565],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99938935,0.00003630362,0.00019782895,0.00007754938,0.0002701723,0.000028789958],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001431586,0.00007619056,0.00011251011,0.00008780513,0.000016810638,0.000017435063,0.00022066764,0.00004005616,0.000013575502],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000016658529,0.00006049481,0.00008567797,0.000064541324,0.000041634525,0.00022672895,0.000018045821,0.00007446195,4.2286626e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016516884,0.000078572324,0.0009826153,0.000003655188,0.000024063665,0.0000014630307,0.00012881414,0.43337926,0.5649606,0.0001609218,0.000033635184,0.00022988618],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007000857,0.000047199297,0.0029429083,0.00006865405,0.000008069872,0.000015094931,0.00006401309,0.45713824,0.5387241,0.00022575316,0.00002016958,0.00004566748],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000059602844,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000028093764,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03217177,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010774614,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000023791248,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.24669068},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2026520483","doi":"10.1063/2.1302203","title":"Effect of air core on the shape and discharge of the outflow through a bottom outlet","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Outflow; Nozzle; Core (optical fiber); Discharge coefficient; Jet (fluid); Mechanics; Secondary air injection; Materials science; Water discharge; Environmental science; Geology; Geotechnical engineering; Meteorology; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Composite material; Physics; Waste management","score_opus":0.003326903746710036,"score_gpt":0.1749727643059985,"score_spread":0.17164586055928846,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2026520483","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9927899,0.00003624834,0.00458804,0.0014286067,0.00008695465,0.0003897854,0.000010521713,0.000025451089,0.0006444564],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989784,0.000028137483,0.00014995814,0.000763869,0.000023766848,0.00003131896,0.0000012343747,0.00002056174,0.0000027561819],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99942815,0.0000242512,0.00014060223,0.00011814994,0.00012069438,0.00016812213],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99945647,0.000279112,0.000025573336,0.00020002526,0.0000064762157,0.000032351883],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021044952,0.00014093888,0.00019467741,0.000012430083,0.00004811268,0.000010676675,0.0001355772,0.000052838423,0.00004305234],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000016871605,0.000069453425,0.000046880283,0.00005785023,0.00018101234,0.000016537064,0.000077198565,0.00019082548,0.0000041775866],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013080395,0.0000048385477,0.0000040633554,0.00007703318,0.000018154653,8.224637e-8,0.00018528593,0.000074707794,0.23970841,0.75893635,0.00014379408,0.00083421014],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012366325,0.0002979687,0.00018887948,0.00029189768,0.00014473067,0.0000061236547,0.0001876383,0.48623237,0.22003372,0.29081157,0.00012037234,0.00044808924],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000023640853,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.4379229e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.48615766,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000059202503,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000015629965,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.28322285},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2026597964","doi":"10.1016/j.nucengdes.2003.08.003","title":"Two-phase turbulent mixing and buoyancy drift in rod bundles","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nuclear Engineering and Design","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":67,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Atomic Energy (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Buoyancy; Diabatic; Mechanics; Turbulence; Mixing (physics); Thermodynamics; Materials science; Statistical physics; Physics; Adiabatic process","score_opus":0.008240260798438582,"score_gpt":0.19765058098851687,"score_spread":0.18941032019007828,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2026597964","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8970257,0.004729502,0.095833525,0.000026007468,0.00024561773,0.00020753378,0.0000020885157,0.00044401851,0.0014859994],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97722363,0.00025114507,0.022394514,0.00001661607,0.000024923444,0.000005479253,8.549186e-7,0.000062406725,0.000020403768],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993226,0.000014179647,0.00015739059,0.00017306897,0.000066742454,0.00026600368],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997262,0.000047793324,0.000008992373,0.00011197676,0.000008069539,0.00009696631],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018390006,0.00016747299,0.00016531715,0.0001328734,0.000038087168,0.00006426818,0.00004319147,0.000063351734,0.000009359309],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000302946,0.0001837182,0.00002001173,0.000109214445,0.000012062547,0.00009310998,0.0000117080335,0.00016334855,0.000004919319],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000141040655,0.0000569738,0.00014399664,0.00020652762,0.00004435576,0.0000956409,0.0010607623,0.8929802,0.05855559,0.04118804,0.00021506338,0.005438744],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00104375,0.00005001634,0.00022292034,0.000091352136,0.0000092985265,0.000060901417,0.000055546163,0.9948105,0.00058849953,0.00018627492,0.0026010291,0.00027991287],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000010158656,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000016197127,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.101830296,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002918299,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000048543443,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7491811},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2026689308","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450790304","title":"Comparison of experimental results and numerical predictions of drop diameter from a single submerged nozzle in a liquid‐liquid system","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Nozzle; Drop (telecommunication); Liquid liquid; Kerosene; Liquid drop; Mechanics; Materials science; Distilled water; Experimental data; Spinning drop method; Liquid phase; Thermodynamics; Pressure drop; Chemistry; Chromatography; Physics; Engineering; Mechanical engineering; Mathematics","score_opus":0.010869325375335252,"score_gpt":0.2041241248575656,"score_spread":0.19325479948223034,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2026689308","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99227303,0.0014534205,0.0058264765,0.000034546098,0.00020029175,0.000054469085,0.000028500033,0.00001373441,0.0001155579],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99913883,0.0000036564493,0.0007541877,0.0000026320045,0.000071839575,0.0000022427337,0.0000030719407,0.000022336135,0.0000011922426],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990339,0.000011344748,0.0005589521,0.00007158866,0.00011896728,0.0002052027],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994924,0.00006985008,0.000077762445,0.0001126662,0.000036851343,0.00021043512],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013224309,0.000111963294,0.0003222179,0.00014672766,0.00001684734,0.00001163829,0.00014087051,0.000072652176,0.000005017242],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000067318266,0.0001000537,0.00006340335,0.00017884624,0.000040545834,0.000063149055,0.000013383789,0.00024571345,2.2570951e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008549099,0.000018639334,0.00021248248,0.000029780394,0.000046537654,0.000016141552,0.0012208502,0.09541439,0.9028256,0.00005855828,0.00002909541,0.000042449352],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00059126905,0.00015739619,0.00017524448,0.00035519156,0.000024871537,0.000057758385,0.00020432324,0.5836629,0.41455716,0.0000019309493,0.000091108035,0.00012081146],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0018544785,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00023919067,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.48826844,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024190503,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000045459627,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.40800714},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2027175692","doi":"10.1115/fedsm2006-98335","title":"Liquid Turbulence Spectra in Two-Phase Bubbly Flow Under Turbulence Augmentation and Suppression Conditions","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Turbulence; Bubble; Void (composites); Mechanics; Spectral line; Two-phase flow; Turbulence kinetic energy; Physics; K-epsilon turbulence model; Materials science; Optics; Flow (mathematics); Composite material","score_opus":0.00535402897022737,"score_gpt":0.2514848019416304,"score_spread":0.24613077297140304,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2027175692","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9427187,0.00023966262,0.052360404,0.00010529251,0.0001800101,0.00013621374,0.000024330591,0.00014700124,0.0040884055],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9958444,0.00007201254,0.0037096273,0.000044939363,0.000044795946,0.000013680354,0.00007483476,0.00001636802,0.00017932842],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993778,0.0000103117545,0.00017770188,0.00015754378,0.00008934699,0.00018730645],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99979764,0.00003259485,0.000012628824,0.00010392417,0.000011000752,0.000042203414],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000058318594,0.00011298746,0.00009272299,0.000097858116,0.00004701033,0.000040268096,0.00005193311,0.00003543953,0.00012598974],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000033299261,0.00011186332,0.000017854796,0.00011956556,0.000026766118,0.00021664916,0.00001677138,0.000097824945,0.000012085999],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000023194501,0.00008690447,0.00017606719,0.000046718513,0.000007689561,0.000021808788,0.00016991733,0.7182467,0.2636292,0.016055357,0.0010262765,0.0005101683],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011461863,0.00004324631,0.00231714,0.000063036525,0.00000692238,0.000009624379,0.000057562167,0.9766491,0.016862981,0.0025981297,0.000061136445,0.00018495803],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00020568911,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003484786,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.25840238,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000062225066,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000085832435,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.45616537},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2027688992","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20509","title":"Improved gas holdup in novel bubble column","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Countercurrent exchange; Reciprocating motion; Mechanics; Superficial velocity; Bubble; Perforation; Column (typography); Emulsion; Chemistry; Sparging; Materials science; Chromatography; Thermodynamics; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Petroleum engineering; Composite material; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Physics; Flow (mathematics)","score_opus":0.008912011189519984,"score_gpt":0.1514437665371226,"score_spread":0.14253175534760262,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2027688992","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9941624,0.00045377226,0.0037404245,0.000056772038,0.00048431184,0.00006458756,0.000005073443,0.000025173686,0.0010075058],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997911,0.0000036102772,0.0019147416,0.000024045203,0.000096349555,0.00000204788,5.7699276e-7,0.000032747565,0.00001490402],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992725,0.0000023741259,0.00027015642,0.000054401713,0.00007146728,0.00032909244],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995102,0.00002520355,0.000027377448,0.00011712509,0.00003658156,0.00028349113],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020261898,0.000112110225,0.00016152757,0.00014346304,0.00001907285,0.000027923232,0.00027193778,0.00007339487,0.000028785063],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000060519735,0.00009924944,0.000061154904,0.00016891329,0.000024330397,0.00008608879,0.000009343928,0.00041139853,0.0000021191886],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007901079,0.0000112103035,0.00022874569,0.00005666803,0.000068558686,0.00008882595,0.001750937,0.09088857,0.90411526,0.0016833281,0.00019955728,0.00090043776],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00072846474,0.000029114242,0.0005286988,0.00017123453,0.000023638879,0.00025897476,0.000028675866,0.89421344,0.102393165,0.00019905897,0.0010889695,0.0003365575],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0020274348,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0016500903,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8033249,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00030273618,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015962617,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.40472746},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2027765946","doi":"10.1016/s1369-703x(01)00137-1","title":"Hydrodynamics and local heat transfer measurements in a bubble column with suspension of yeast","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biochemical Engineering Journal","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":100,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Slurry; Bubble; Yeast; Heat transfer; Bubble column reactor; Superficial velocity; Chemistry; Chromatography; Bioreactor; Materials science; Suspension (topology); Mechanics; Composite material; Gas bubble; Physics; Flow (mathematics); Biochemistry","score_opus":0.006200077861227541,"score_gpt":0.16832063695454516,"score_spread":0.16212055909331763,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2027765946","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8991559,0.00059792516,0.099996276,0.000010995972,0.00007660293,0.000054129825,0.0000017715971,0.00003237356,0.00007400401],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99812067,0.00019967243,0.0015993937,0.0000037893246,0.00003639331,0.0000019061224,0.0000023229936,0.0000316843,0.000004187364],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992454,0.0000044373446,0.00023098325,0.00010052436,0.00017927671,0.00023937557],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99975425,0.000010781194,0.000005099097,0.00007573018,0.00003301294,0.00012112843],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013048285,0.00013641165,0.00018887993,0.0001140337,0.000015520314,0.000019401357,0.00007072457,0.00007926194,0.0000066100315],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009889323,0.00012849727,0.000031536492,0.00016943137,0.000026679105,0.00006589407,0.000011635323,0.00026010143,5.227621e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000027631932,0.000021146143,0.0012499643,0.000053087246,0.000024229912,0.000018251372,0.0000600785,0.41291267,0.5853032,0.000019481957,0.000017538428,0.00029274108],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009804107,0.00005790794,0.0022751207,0.00030949916,0.000014761909,0.00046952107,0.000022179584,0.9709216,0.02466377,0.000005638399,0.00008307429,0.00019654723],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000013683662,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000014493018,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5606394,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010252591,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014143646,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.52399665},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2027834210","doi":"10.2495/mpf070341","title":"The transition of an in-line vortex to slug flow: correlating pressure and reaction force measurements with high-speed video","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"WIT transactions on engineering sciences","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Mechanics; Slug flow; Vortex; Materials science; Flow (mathematics); Volumetric flow rate; Mass flow meter; Spectral density; Flow map; Thermodynamics; Two-phase flow; Physics","score_opus":0.00918558842165488,"score_gpt":0.2049233807974311,"score_spread":0.19573779237577624,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2027834210","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5243045,0.000076190416,0.47512665,0.0000272341,0.00019359255,0.000133905,0.0000037952354,0.000068223926,0.00006588589],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9926863,0.000017534423,0.0072334083,0.0000063168477,0.000017855346,0.0000067236565,0.0000011282943,0.000015877837,0.000014890886],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99913734,0.0000075395715,0.00020777601,0.00016902054,0.00025373147,0.00022460247],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997033,0.00007179907,0.000018575789,0.0001076451,0.0000328811,0.000065819964],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00062020944,0.000119434386,0.000109271044,0.00019933635,0.0001507639,0.00003553643,0.00009254877,0.000043334032,0.0000011805134],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000008822587,0.000094402494,0.000017720078,0.00048468597,0.000039995157,0.00026286056,9.514688e-7,0.00014580748,4.1296687e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000198139,0.00001281003,0.000016879749,0.00002141416,0.00001493232,6.707858e-7,0.00040505113,0.9037583,0.08872511,0.00008118865,2.3296218e-7,0.0069435807],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00025330213,0.00019987239,0.0037911972,0.00013069887,0.000023751452,0.000007928585,0.00021431723,0.9839563,0.011252203,0.000016760972,0.000023163066,0.00013051792],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007950263,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00050051237,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.46838176,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003317499,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010101928,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.38496217},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2027989329","doi":"10.1115/pvp2006-icpvt-11-93860","title":"Characteristics of Two-Phase Flows in Vertical Pipe","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Mechanics; Slug flow; Momentum (technical analysis); Two-phase flow; Pipe flow; Flux (metallurgy); Flow (mathematics); Physics; Power law; Materials science; Mathematics; Turbulence","score_opus":0.0049182706039323995,"score_gpt":0.2170498516101468,"score_spread":0.2121315810062144,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2027989329","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9653603,0.000024244713,0.025912425,0.0000073696015,0.000106081156,0.0000311848,0.0000044440303,0.000046415076,0.008507552],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985852,0.0000061395876,0.0012819333,0.000008000943,0.00003520809,0.0000016509972,0.000009140846,0.0000100124025,0.00006267759],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996321,0.000002611536,0.00016431492,0.00004734027,0.000044080873,0.00010954335],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99988294,0.000013743301,0.0000030906717,0.00007390071,0.000008477138,0.00001784176],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00003700021,0.000049964907,0.00009278711,0.000042082524,0.0000043231744,0.000005479374,0.000036762744,0.000024274177,0.00005230599],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000054129414,0.00004902262,0.000018101338,0.000062134095,0.0000067571505,0.000026278218,0.000008845145,0.00004802516,0.000011471174],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000020605195,0.0003248312,0.0119250035,0.00013641267,0.000015276864,0.00006168664,0.00009331933,0.024304066,0.8808193,0.07039384,0.0005789416,0.0113267265],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005852086,0.00001249706,0.009221958,0.000010913579,0.0000032139915,0.000001288531,0.0000022671886,0.9823836,0.0071937707,0.0002353471,0.0002745681,0.000075378164],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000081833125,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001246068,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9580795,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000018144672,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003885079,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.19990845},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2028073033","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20387","title":"Breakup of drops around the edges of Rushton turbine","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Breakup; Drop (telecommunication); Rushton turbine; Impeller; Surface tension; Physics; Viscosity; Particle size; Thermodynamics; Materials science; Mechanics; Optics; Chemistry","score_opus":0.0037317356963203676,"score_gpt":0.15957476737329926,"score_spread":0.15584303167697888,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2028073033","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9974689,0.0005401141,0.000816964,0.0002081971,0.00057899044,0.00003977337,0.0000076687675,0.000008961576,0.0003304287],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993165,0.000007158354,0.000384953,0.000011142427,0.00024230378,6.878602e-7,6.7674193e-7,0.000025156067,0.000011390564],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992951,0.0000040867103,0.00032542465,0.000041080824,0.00012734694,0.00020696393],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993898,0.000102034326,0.00006715413,0.00018732819,0.00008249145,0.00017117344],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025683915,0.00010739775,0.00019837759,0.00009093747,0.000024526704,0.000018805615,0.00038151952,0.00007322598,0.00002033521],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011158527,0.00007016651,0.0001009981,0.00014479346,0.000084468964,0.000053646476,0.000011983159,0.0005453701,7.1160775e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002677091,0.0000028731447,0.00010105327,0.000055066062,0.00006672658,0.000006365108,0.0002948637,0.06902363,0.9265642,0.0023698432,0.00016034581,0.001352362],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00034590857,0.000029056791,0.0007252116,0.00018106984,0.000070625756,0.00025976668,0.00003868649,0.17378502,0.8211192,0.0004598665,0.0027682951,0.00021728464],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00072248065,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00058078085,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.10544498,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000049460177,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010141715,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.28613073},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2028521050","doi":"10.1021/ie010121n","title":"A Comparison of Two- and Single-Phase Models for Fluidized-Bed Reactors","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":72,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Butane; Fluidized bed; Catalysis; Mass transfer; Plug flow; Bubble column reactor; Maleic anhydride; Chemistry; Phase (matter); Plug flow reactor model; Bubble; Chemical engineering; Countercurrent exchange; Trickle-bed reactor; Yield (engineering); Thermodynamics; Materials science; Continuous stirred-tank reactor; Chromatography; Organic chemistry; Physical chemistry; Mechanics; Metallurgy","score_opus":0.19379120509181025,"score_gpt":0.39472856273919593,"score_spread":0.20093735764738568,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2028521050","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99597985,0.0005131754,0.00216239,0.000024157449,0.00016133692,0.00031032183,0.000039153205,0.00016344382,0.0006461784],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990501,0.000047588732,0.00030145745,6.469117e-7,0.00038142042,0.000052009163,0.00003589249,0.00006521287,0.00006568858],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984734,0.000011885515,0.00040083454,0.00024400126,0.00032121837,0.00054863386],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990436,0.000339116,0.000027313365,0.00026483095,0.00013502082,0.00019015944],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005544429,0.00019770165,0.00036293114,0.00012749791,0.000056620655,0.000060705,0.00021253068,0.00024851173,0.000015369367],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000283355,0.0002238491,0.000068532936,0.00036539967,0.000057183363,0.00011510467,0.00006809181,0.0005715894,7.378195e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000060236795,0.000070884,0.000064216154,0.00014826105,0.00004542312,0.0000045776364,0.00011166226,0.06364877,0.93270904,0.0001318679,0.00038909487,0.0026159906],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0016349098,0.000050938783,4.981521e-7,0.000081389066,0.00000840418,0.000005802498,0.00004073697,0.48700398,0.5099092,0.000048534654,0.0010827291,0.00013288013],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000028947157,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000011744306,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4233552,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014466209,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000043768116,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9128302},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2029079073","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450800409","title":"Simple Model to Evaluate Loading/Flooding Transition in Aerated Vessels Stirred by Rushton Disc Turbines","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Aeration; Rushton turbine; Impeller; Mechanics; Flooding (psychology); Continuous stirred-tank reactor; Moment (physics); Work (physics); Control theory (sociology); Environmental science; Engineering; Computer science; Mechanical engineering; Waste management; Physics; Classical mechanics; Chemical engineering","score_opus":0.01150118236935666,"score_gpt":0.19286245794202386,"score_spread":0.1813612755726672,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2029079073","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98622346,0.0006330521,0.012238252,0.0005000131,0.00016749471,0.00009123673,0.000021129612,0.000032752225,0.00009260329],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993187,0.000010256557,0.00045959878,0.000060045608,0.000080025224,0.000004134387,0.0000054851985,0.000045014436,0.000016733586],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989948,0.0000078085395,0.00035163204,0.000092750764,0.00015448377,0.00039847594],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994022,0.000037017013,0.00002615687,0.00010720992,0.000051137496,0.00037628209],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021829935,0.00017071338,0.0002227646,0.0002138306,0.000039697297,0.000073827134,0.00022147103,0.000079650286,0.000025596617],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006985167,0.00015260557,0.00006390669,0.00031325597,0.000013851418,0.00015270541,0.000006204,0.00038286787,0.0000039782435],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000019767888,0.000002502994,0.0000043917107,0.000015953623,0.000014642704,0.000011322598,0.0005322183,0.7134691,0.28476998,0.000032042808,0.0008924454,0.00025341677],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002990022,0.000010669202,0.000011962336,0.0001139159,0.000016249549,0.000027607559,0.000009628135,0.9527775,0.04633893,0.000073358555,0.00014694863,0.00017424901],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00034509692,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00029500935,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.23930837,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00036863147,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000037062728,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6223075},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2029121517","doi":"10.1007/s003480050024","title":"Vapor core turbulence in annular two-phase flow","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Experiments in Fluids","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lockheed Martin (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Turbulence; Materials science; Mechanics; Two-phase flow; Duct (anatomy); Optics; Flow (mathematics); Physics","score_opus":0.014025268233020848,"score_gpt":0.2862595228662921,"score_spread":0.2722342546332712,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2029121517","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9848717,0.0024409925,0.00047439142,0.000007665166,0.00037360785,0.00016519811,0.000010110957,0.00011630402,0.011540074],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99593043,0.0001488571,0.0031815995,0.000055471926,0.00005914616,0.000050803254,0.0000189964,0.000039811173,0.00051486987],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.998997,0.000012902192,0.00028042376,0.00021934228,0.0001397674,0.00035056792],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99964625,0.000011945494,0.0000064468313,0.00025998807,0.00000760937,0.00006778751],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010594784,0.00017479142,0.00018122557,0.00012454839,0.000023962195,0.000024132407,0.00018099988,0.00006974404,0.0007830775],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000067951146,0.00019495637,0.00003373641,0.0002334121,0.000023951154,0.00014232128,0.000023493996,0.00016186907,0.00010244283],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011955967,0.0007679816,0.0027565984,0.00006734893,0.000047358455,0.000777131,0.010106234,0.39563555,0.48184592,0.0015374088,0.0023890277,0.10394989],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0024481234,0.000051103172,0.00048591036,0.00008864043,0.0000019389845,0.0000066965786,0.00008935866,0.975646,0.016828677,0.0001341125,0.003913019,0.00030640292],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006527271,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000014596272,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5800105,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019004899,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016637578,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.85741496},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2029518628","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20459","title":"Effect of geometric variations on the performance of gas dispersion impellers with semicircular blades","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Impeller; Dispersion (optics); Blade (archaeology); Physics; Optics; Mechanics; Mechanical engineering; Engineering","score_opus":0.0038551717895194126,"score_gpt":0.14326882295013887,"score_spread":0.13941365116061946,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2029518628","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9985051,0.0002313688,0.0009115698,0.000022555916,0.000080761485,0.00005883043,0.0000030555227,0.0000058304945,0.00018090222],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99977905,0.000014713484,0.00015051529,0.000004445595,0.000029013674,0.0000010629603,5.00229e-7,0.000018900731,0.0000018039142],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994695,0.000009188533,0.0001939438,0.00003848981,0.00012458167,0.00016428497],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99950194,0.00015609374,0.000056359047,0.00013155538,0.000044261153,0.000109801855],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00031116913,0.000098122204,0.00015948428,0.00018633931,0.000028164824,0.000006945129,0.0002225451,0.000040634448,0.00001815715],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007471822,0.000055280183,0.00006679631,0.00031863296,0.00004090423,0.000045304703,0.0000057451603,0.00024770774,5.9968716e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000032980104,0.0000064550923,0.00093725004,0.0002131361,0.00021958404,0.000009077365,0.0009307192,0.6252087,0.37071678,0.00073249114,0.000053037817,0.0009398227],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00023804474,0.00022685382,0.00039235342,0.0002887975,0.000073278236,0.000051204406,0.000011946626,0.37957993,0.61899763,0.0000071658365,0.000028129698,0.000104678635],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00023350552,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000014957883,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.24828084,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000093446215,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000047779264,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.22542605},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2029573726","doi":"10.2118/99606-pa","title":"Comparative Evaluation of a New Gas/Oil Miscibility-Determination Technique","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Canadian Petroleum Technology","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":46,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Saskatchewan; University of Calgary","keywords":"Miscibility; Chemistry; Fossil fuel; Petroleum engineering; Surface tension; Thermodynamics; Materials science; Polymer; Organic chemistry; Geology; Physics","score_opus":0.03762959942854711,"score_gpt":0.25152406022443025,"score_spread":0.21389446079588315,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2029573726","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9692058,0.00094863476,0.009150908,0.00032344513,0.00032762787,0.00010449646,0.000009334461,0.000054106044,0.019875629],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9907606,0.00005265998,0.009077791,0.000008187644,0.000029190243,0.0000063892794,9.827698e-7,0.000012989959,0.000051160263],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99908143,0.00002716975,0.00041451034,0.00008243425,0.00020057934,0.0001938973],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991536,0.000012094741,0.00016260055,0.00018489781,0.0003472069,0.00013957638],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006545563,0.0001023303,0.00026994196,0.0024161844,0.000024286363,0.000005855686,0.00022910714,0.00018219333,0.000074184674],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007799311,0.00010483935,0.000063647094,0.00049172784,0.000056580568,0.0001126837,0.000009936281,0.00027946933,0.0000027248411],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010428911,0.00018962189,0.005160549,0.0002621763,0.0007054466,0.00018848495,0.0060575,0.018932557,0.3879122,0.020121695,0.00943483,0.5509306],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004089241,0.0017035089,0.010884711,0.0007071113,0.000746858,0.001829285,0.0019338571,0.5182985,0.36400083,0.0652498,0.029459193,0.0010971115],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0034636375,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.05755979,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.54983354,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00039512385,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005067991,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9596373},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2029827311","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450820306","title":"Gas‐Liquid Mass Transfer in Pulp Retention Towers","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Mass transfer; Superficial velocity; Mass transfer coefficient; Chemistry; Chromatography; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Nitrogen; Kraft process; Pulp (tooth); Kraft paper; Bubble; Suspension (topology); Materials science; Composite material; Mechanics; Flow (mathematics)","score_opus":0.0048377521609340585,"score_gpt":0.15536888066947863,"score_spread":0.15053112850854455,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2029827311","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9868583,0.0005625306,0.0115678795,0.00032429287,0.0003697676,0.000048108977,0.0000028412,0.00002015281,0.00024610476],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993426,0.000014904383,0.0004870819,0.000023437098,0.0000985243,0.0000014488994,0.0000012187597,0.00002786237,0.000002882433],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992849,0.0000033718504,0.00026261006,0.00005288677,0.000102878694,0.000293342],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996248,0.000015208549,0.000010652235,0.000086481836,0.000026939531,0.0002359277],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019215248,0.000106849344,0.00014086667,0.00016465297,0.000019215173,0.000030147337,0.00018357873,0.000075219636,0.000014667561],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003312676,0.00009377236,0.00008075759,0.00017519183,0.000019363964,0.00009677819,0.0000024123212,0.00041472918,0.0000020979817],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004907407,0.0000013196245,0.0000061384467,0.000019211817,0.000017490282,0.000059532886,0.0002412975,0.5854795,0.412806,0.0010882083,0.0000123364225,0.00026404508],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0025943904,0.00013674697,0.0001507248,0.00097512477,0.000077531666,0.0005936387,0.00008919876,0.25087658,0.73927534,0.0016891276,0.0026674552,0.000874183],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00036719642,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004468438,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.33460295,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00048341416,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000107228916,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3823926},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2029947375","doi":"10.1016/j.ces.2005.12.022","title":"Gas/liquid dispersions with a SMX static mixer in the laminar regime","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Science","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Static mixer; Laminar flow; Dispersion (optics); Newtonian fluid; Viscosity; Mechanics; Volume (thermodynamics); Capillary action; Chemistry; Non-Newtonian fluid; Volume fraction; Materials science; Chromatography; Thermodynamics; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Physics; Composite material; Optics","score_opus":0.0028355535962505105,"score_gpt":0.16951864836891212,"score_spread":0.1666830947726616,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2029947375","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98617864,0.00008650446,0.012108603,0.0001217146,0.000069912596,0.00008568533,0.000002028849,0.0001275286,0.0012194085],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99627805,0.0000043158934,0.0036002009,0.000021308326,0.00003708025,0.000017522967,0.0000026512278,0.000017539842,0.000021339136],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990683,0.0000024456997,0.0001244973,0.00017982729,0.00024603185,0.00037889235],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99963546,0.00006118658,0.000008450502,0.00022535905,0.00001780588,0.000051736213],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001936703,0.000124445,0.00009803707,0.00009439735,0.0000417423,0.000052641855,0.00036696478,0.00002980109,0.0000037845755],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000038014976,0.00008813567,0.00002180419,0.00074818265,0.00012733799,0.00013780504,0.000029474806,0.00018095403,0.000006563239],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000033495699,0.000020098589,0.00004906746,0.00003974698,0.0000020447108,0.000021964564,0.0002976751,0.27730933,0.7182602,0.0037357896,0.0001725982,0.00008808128],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00019918816,0.000028786511,0.0005123669,0.00010227529,0.000006128172,0.000038882434,0.000067474946,0.94992137,0.04823781,0.000060640286,0.0005728508,0.00025220995],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000019756,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002698015,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6726121,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009736281,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000020656093,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.35940683},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2030040131","doi":"10.1115/fedsm2002-31139","title":"Do Small Bubbles Follow Stokes Law?","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Bubble; Mechanics; Rheology; Work (physics); Newtonian fluid; Surface tension; Materials science; Classical mechanics; Physics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.016617201956776736,"score_gpt":0.16837309933608272,"score_spread":0.15175589737930598,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2030040131","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.26908284,0.0016051577,0.013207983,0.000064402455,0.0003980751,0.000064000815,0.000003380847,0.0005857334,0.7149884],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9917887,0.00012111073,0.0037290982,0.0000763952,0.000046277542,0.0000036487183,0.0000013000331,0.000020366666,0.004213108],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996615,0.000002361167,0.00007463559,0.00007034472,0.00004406327,0.0001470885],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99982536,0.000013406458,0.0000033708925,0.00011556523,0.000007815372,0.000034502176],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000028036693,0.00007143791,0.000067280365,0.000024314926,0.000028012968,0.00003553946,0.00006872977,0.000033466524,0.00036396887],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000025253612,0.00006530194,0.000034448753,0.000045044777,0.000008001119,0.000044572513,0.000013155502,0.000049565293,0.00019101967],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000031246145,0.000090569214,0.0012254756,0.00018654553,0.00019305856,0.0000676407,0.0014968413,0.08495358,0.04989322,0.7518048,0.04952752,0.060557574],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00029065294,0.00001675614,0.00012651125,0.000018414825,0.00000962071,0.000006361334,0.00006288979,0.93779147,0.0020996816,0.00069934566,0.058609452,0.00026886963],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000043695265,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00021238116,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.85283786,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000015261166,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":6.2358066e-7,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.39852038},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2030126215","doi":"10.1002/cjce.21931","title":"Study of kerosene–water two‐phase flow characteristics in vertical and inclined pipes","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Kerosene; Mechanics; Superficial velocity; Materials science; Computational fluid dynamics; Flow (mathematics); Volume fraction; Two-phase flow; Volume (thermodynamics); Geology; Geotechnical engineering; Composite material; Thermodynamics; Physics","score_opus":0.0055881066526430045,"score_gpt":0.18854664993044887,"score_spread":0.18295854327780586,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2030126215","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9993226,0.00007796823,0.0002794178,0.00006377601,0.00014509395,0.00008660663,0.0000025739535,0.000007640585,0.000014348011],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996489,0.0000027119222,0.00023078186,0.000011765878,0.00007884987,0.000002834126,0.0000012030046,0.00002125391,0.0000016807045],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99922,0.0000076215774,0.00038708074,0.00005320381,0.00009063952,0.00024143721],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99955523,0.000048343714,0.000016337184,0.00009433196,0.000048854956,0.00023692354],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016244205,0.00010868577,0.00023508402,0.00012900903,0.000016925676,0.000037677215,0.00013925375,0.000044690794,0.000014643591],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007161576,0.00007749943,0.0000289856,0.000075491494,0.000026951178,0.000083195395,0.000016710836,0.00028947674,0.0000014026093],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014581053,0.00006489855,0.0021621978,0.00008590662,0.00010430327,0.00012275831,0.0032287317,0.090340525,0.9009001,0.000102993385,0.0000468674,0.0028261368],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0019070638,0.00009736736,0.0034700597,0.00011158219,0.000034260655,0.00008387427,0.00006659302,0.94369125,0.050228313,0.000062748695,0.0000419681,0.00020489124],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006063672,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00029041315,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.85335076,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008368069,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000031753185,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3160335},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2030154739","doi":"10.1016/j.ces.2006.11.015","title":"A numerical study of mass transfer of ozone dissolution in bubble plumes with an Euler–Lagrange method","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Science","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":44,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"University of Tokyo; New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization","keywords":"Bubble; Dissolution; Mass transfer; Mechanics; Plume; Ozone; Materials science; Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Meteorology; Physics","score_opus":0.00538118225879108,"score_gpt":0.2116739759093161,"score_spread":0.20629279365052502,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2030154739","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.74025446,0.00004665937,0.259442,0.0000022061397,0.00003587224,0.000087063665,0.0000020224895,0.000054904718,0.000074823736],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97860616,0.0000012652338,0.021344796,5.8055156e-7,0.00001434027,0.000011756979,0.0000018854371,0.000017069715,0.0000021579328],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990248,0.0000052798264,0.00024323257,0.00020295432,0.0002634193,0.0002603247],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996794,0.000040682346,0.000011666503,0.00017174518,0.000036101253,0.00006040355],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023836597,0.000121140314,0.00022145311,0.0001497543,0.000013011271,0.000010945442,0.00021756618,0.000039244933,0.0000025027346],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002008053,0.00011054047,0.000022092889,0.0008474926,0.00006005284,0.00017941618,0.0000115474995,0.00012164069,2.1424472e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005241941,0.00007341581,0.0004189789,0.000043407403,0.000002555745,0.0000014310172,0.00016326417,0.440613,0.55834675,0.00022275758,3.3139978e-7,0.00010885498],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00036343158,0.000086380445,0.004579227,0.000046349578,0.000007211292,0.0000027136982,0.000040964056,0.80939186,0.1853365,0.000015363437,0.0000022728611,0.00012771429],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00013915886,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000615862,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.37301028,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000066532724,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015752756,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.45077097},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2031211842","doi":"10.1115/1.1619429","title":"Measurement of Void Fraction and Pressure Drop of Air-Oil Two-Phase Flow in Horizontal Pipes","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Pratt and Whitney Canada","keywords":"Pressure drop; Mechanics; Two-phase flow; Flow coefficient; Porosity; Flow measurement; Flow (mathematics); Materials science; Airflow; Flow conditions; Thermodynamics; Physics; Composite material","score_opus":0.00482197144763996,"score_gpt":0.20815645263383314,"score_spread":0.20333448118619318,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2031211842","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9631493,0.006882495,0.029423418,0.000030493768,0.00041026055,0.000054473738,0.000012329408,0.000009802533,0.000027421718],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9955628,0.0003789612,0.003959829,0.0000022492088,0.00007082718,0.0000017670576,8.349283e-7,0.00001930881,0.0000034384504],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99933815,0.000002824741,0.0003412499,0.000059369577,0.00013955263,0.000118882366],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996922,0.000017613504,0.00007514122,0.00005449312,0.000108147266,0.00005241569],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022339827,0.00011364211,0.00025776317,0.00015170578,0.000010807219,0.000008182703,0.000041407155,0.000048881924,0.0000017026116],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000040134957,0.00010123861,0.00006392534,0.0000634828,0.000010367605,0.00013563636,0.000008783209,0.00012075738,3.008609e-8],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000085176835,0.00006778713,0.0001816685,0.0005166296,0.00011418493,0.000006262244,0.00026975307,0.7081832,0.2870583,0.00020316402,0.000028827335,0.0032850609],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.014034677,0.0019794877,0.0071094534,0.0026611648,0.00028339023,0.0002803975,0.0002325822,0.8939625,0.07098812,0.00035386984,0.007468566,0.00064581534],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000018863313,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001440162,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.21607016,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000034161894,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013918917,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.41283906},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2031652674","doi":"10.1080/01919510701549236","title":"Artificial Neural Networks Modeling of Ozone Bubble Columns: Mass Transfer Coefficient, Gas Hold-Up, and Bubble Size","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ozone Science and Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":37,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Dimensionless quantity; Mass transfer coefficient; Artificial neural network; Mass transfer; Sauter mean diameter; Coefficient of determination; Perceptron; Mechanics; Chemistry; Materials science; Thermodynamics; Mathematics; Chromatography; Physics; Statistics; Artificial intelligence; Computer science","score_opus":0.008107593033829706,"score_gpt":0.19149363351233023,"score_spread":0.18338604047850052,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2031652674","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6187501,0.0006267124,0.37985116,0.000010701902,0.00039940976,0.00009011453,0.0000026794785,0.00009250349,0.00017661384],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978262,0.00019743899,0.0018181239,0.000013445554,0.000087669396,0.000004166323,0.0000014313448,0.000032576783,0.000018949258],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984268,0.0000032739536,0.0003396717,0.00029006886,0.00030621505,0.0006339517],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994722,0.00006534152,0.000013452414,0.00016674874,0.00008365885,0.00019861008],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00091086683,0.00019663027,0.00024214841,0.0001606538,0.00015147321,0.00010312333,0.00015910459,0.0000809892,0.000004728385],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000054441203,0.00021342092,0.000034312012,0.00069292344,0.00013269154,0.00030919196,0.000041980016,0.0002029215,6.218077e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000064131946,0.0000065932936,0.00008234088,0.000051599927,0.000005961447,0.0000040387845,0.00020119536,0.82473326,0.17233878,0.0005304332,0.000004008871,0.0020353738],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00017976039,0.00003713069,0.00022594852,0.000053376774,0.0000136178405,0.000014197461,0.00012596551,0.99569255,0.0033592219,0.00002755865,0.000032246782,0.00023842641],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000039435312,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000021845455,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3790761,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000051783332,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000019650055,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8703053},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2031873568","doi":"10.1260/1757-482x.6.2.151","title":"A Lagrangian-Lagrangian Model for Two-Phase Bubbly Flow around Circular Cylinder","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Computational Multiphase Flows","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Windsor","funders":"Iran University of Science and Technology","keywords":"Turbulence; Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations; Mechanics; Reynolds number; Physics; Trajectory; Flow (mathematics); Vorticity; Cylinder; Bubble; Vortex; Classical mechanics; Mathematics; Geometry","score_opus":0.01533025909303677,"score_gpt":0.26235932914904,"score_spread":0.24702907005600322,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2031873568","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.24863017,0.0002801588,0.750259,0.00013249328,0.00035272824,0.00018952944,0.00004087671,0.000036757676,0.00007832656],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.90698105,0.0000102269105,0.09222972,0.0001981787,0.00046831355,0.0000058719697,0.000030929456,0.000050965595,0.000024743453],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99863005,0.000058516678,0.00056390115,0.00010489693,0.0003652427,0.00027741893],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986932,0.00051426433,0.00014096928,0.00015988124,0.00034414473,0.00014752982],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000890473,0.00021229174,0.00029467224,0.00017764623,0.00016393559,0.00006419911,0.0002948758,0.00006380524,0.0000081058415],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000078979785,0.00016477481,0.00024464354,0.00013537334,0.000036609523,0.00020626165,0.000017078994,0.0002446509,0.0000095875175],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015464525,0.00009825883,0.0000018348564,0.000039473154,0.00014312113,0.0000042777096,0.00057414,0.9828318,0.0061730156,0.00057638745,0.00032014662,0.009082916],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006005047,0.000106943306,0.000016735747,0.000049740993,0.00011652881,0.00010607036,0.00003818858,0.9862752,0.000099594996,0.006405153,0.0005817899,0.00019903797],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004407717,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000011636507,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6583509,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000078468336,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006617905,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6719322},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2032525626","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450840306","title":"A New Method of Eddy Diffusivity Calculation for Droplets of a Venturi Scrubber","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Venturi effect; Eddy diffusion; Thermal diffusivity; Scrubber; Thermodynamics; Diffusion; Mechanics; Thermophoresis; Materials science; Chemistry; Thermal; Turbulence; Physics; Inlet; Organic chemistry; Mechanical engineering; Engineering","score_opus":0.004648073899366414,"score_gpt":0.19911833838540607,"score_spread":0.19447026448603966,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2032525626","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5163053,0.00047858804,0.48272547,0.00007671384,0.00023134338,0.000088438166,0.000014852114,0.000009192784,0.0000700784],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9720116,0.0000010805358,0.02777014,0.00000428908,0.00017344185,0.0000010919094,0.0000024979392,0.000022584223,0.0000132646455],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99934965,0.0000046479367,0.000325668,0.00004314339,0.000100605335,0.00017626004],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99953383,0.00008806901,0.00007262693,0.00009202784,0.00007283481,0.00014059331],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019796121,0.000089798814,0.00021191555,0.00010874264,0.000014145387,0.000010198752,0.00013459095,0.0000608314,0.0000066426974],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000678259,0.000076751094,0.00012510741,0.00011627225,0.000013302608,0.000046933477,0.0000053766958,0.0001391022,1.2888749e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000042734123,0.0000028723175,0.00003968566,0.000076846365,0.000036368532,0.000002109468,0.00008725,0.48076934,0.51566833,0.0017124818,0.00034413053,0.0012562933],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00052883156,0.000020919191,0.00048680842,0.00015438,0.00006614037,0.000054128577,0.0000030319052,0.7293408,0.2675466,0.0007528798,0.0009059629,0.0001395463],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0019555178,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00034311542,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.45570627,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000112938505,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001159569,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.31298187},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2032535418","doi":"10.1002/cjce.21882","title":"Solution of the dynamic population balance equation describing breakage–coalescence systems in agitated vessels: The least‐squares method","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Coalescence (physics); Notation; Population; Breakage; Least-squares function approximation; Population balance equation; Computer science; Applied mathematics; Mathematics; Process engineering; Mathematical optimization; Engineering; Statistics; Physics","score_opus":0.012300868608426172,"score_gpt":0.19105197388864698,"score_spread":0.1787511052802208,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2032535418","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9274033,0.0012993268,0.07018628,0.0002901735,0.0005825223,0.0001919458,0.000004193065,0.000016815957,0.000025447282],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992946,0.000006812616,0.00060571445,0.0000093937715,0.0000500708,0.0000060133166,0.0000022636182,0.000021771437,0.000003379796],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99907637,0.000041506002,0.00040526094,0.00006453671,0.00016538311,0.0002469389],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993907,0.00015680653,0.00010489902,0.00016618363,0.0000955231,0.000085895204],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00048692786,0.000114659284,0.0001650324,0.00010281797,0.00005553596,0.00006762103,0.00033192168,0.00006688781,0.0000027954138],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00023442063,0.00007234765,0.00006320453,0.00029602603,0.000035705878,0.00018660892,0.0000130961425,0.00037320072,9.705749e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[9.690101e-7,0.0000014407078,0.0002786276,0.00004631453,0.000015260217,0.0000012398194,0.0002712992,0.83143383,0.16637075,0.0006000493,0.00001815064,0.00096204586],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00010802717,0.000004135835,0.004808657,0.00042379694,0.000013318043,0.000048860595,0.000048601156,0.990637,0.003676948,0.00014085976,0.0000072132593,0.000082579514],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005879747,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00057574274,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.16269381,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003988493,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000064550106,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8888458},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2032542267","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450810333","title":"Some Effects of Particle Wettability in Agitated Solid‐Gas‐Liquid Systems: Gas‐Liquid Mass Transfer and the Dispersion of Floating Solids","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Wetting; Agitator; Dispersion (optics); Suspension (topology); Mass transfer; Materials science; Impeller; Bubble; Particle (ecology); Phase (matter); Particle size; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chromatography; Mechanics; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Composite material; Optics; Physics","score_opus":0.0030967433209840873,"score_gpt":0.163823999150714,"score_spread":0.1607272558297299,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2032542267","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9944431,0.0030930652,0.0019300542,0.00008538617,0.00025952148,0.00015261724,0.0000041032226,0.000009691594,0.000022466862],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997712,0.000043389344,0.00010023175,0.000008365667,0.000046022833,0.0000033246026,4.5790074e-7,0.000026219694,7.83444e-7],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988468,0.000055157703,0.00054592564,0.000079633646,0.00014776053,0.00032467875],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991591,0.00037843917,0.000046115936,0.00015273482,0.000065084845,0.00019852845],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00076061365,0.00014759801,0.00037810902,0.000090479436,0.000031353487,0.000020888596,0.00017406908,0.00007855853,0.0000024763074],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00042100335,0.00010379364,0.000093364506,0.00019314035,0.00011138707,0.00010813555,0.0000070200613,0.00035668057,1.773738e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000045367804,0.000005596796,0.00004311862,0.00038579496,0.000054063305,0.000011081001,0.0009131579,0.2323067,0.7621239,0.0040710745,0.000002831958,0.00003735377],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011200334,0.000066137974,0.000021443564,0.00046075016,0.000045075085,0.00003606388,0.00009181387,0.35605755,0.6418697,0.00009344153,0.0000118827065,0.00012608778],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00041655154,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008168327,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12375086,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015153235,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000078912664,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4232582},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2032696399","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450820428","title":"Bubble Size Distributions for Dispersed Air &amp;&amp;num;0150; Water Flows in a 100 mm Horizontal Pipeline","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta; Syncrude (Canada)","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Syncrude","keywords":"Bubble; Nozzle; Mechanics; Air bubble; Perpendicular; Materials science; Air water; Secondary air injection; Particle size; Tube (container); Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Physics; Geometry; Composite material; Mathematics","score_opus":0.006587497507630372,"score_gpt":0.18734029636524505,"score_spread":0.18075279885761467,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2032696399","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94121677,0.00026359162,0.05685363,0.0008505631,0.00049006345,0.00014448588,0.00007727722,0.000036706344,0.000066884844],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99556845,0.0000047196495,0.003972847,0.000028096953,0.00030712513,0.000010208268,0.000030185161,0.000047560003,0.00003082317],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988293,0.000004244327,0.000391897,0.0000959571,0.00012046556,0.0005581594],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992874,0.0000716607,0.000023509114,0.00016123941,0.00006698415,0.00038919522],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002454857,0.00018764003,0.00025405496,0.000121106896,0.00006342919,0.000045502606,0.00026726734,0.00010638675,0.000026431942],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001900171,0.00014333954,0.00015424074,0.00016207459,0.000029177028,0.00010842246,0.0000132662235,0.00044164082,0.000008970669],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010425775,0.000009837805,0.000015708049,0.000043583437,0.000037966598,0.00001972497,0.00043553923,0.6074958,0.3908284,0.0006541547,0.0003171189,0.00013174544],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.008917977,0.00013787208,0.00034747453,0.0012352522,0.0002616086,0.0011972957,0.0001257577,0.5694226,0.3020907,0.0046960176,0.10920459,0.002362827],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010976301,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008556029,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.10888747,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008262487,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015116422,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5845217},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2032703755","doi":"10.1002/apj.275","title":"Effect of the geometry on the performance of the Maxblend<sup>™</sup> impeller with viscous Newtonian fluids","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Baffle; Paddle; Impeller; Mixing (physics); Mechanics; Laminar flow; Turbulence; Flow (mathematics); Power consumption; Newtonian fluid; Power (physics); Materials science; Geometry; Mechanical engineering; Simulation; Physics; Mathematics; Thermodynamics; Engineering","score_opus":0.0016734607429258787,"score_gpt":0.1595531818069381,"score_spread":0.1578797210640122,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2032703755","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99731874,0.00033827452,0.0008108551,0.00026041878,0.00019666707,0.00014423137,0.000003268391,0.000022112392,0.0009054544],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995075,0.000051928313,0.000241213,0.000014010582,0.000114060414,0.0000017959528,3.4336574e-7,0.000037180427,0.00003198228],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99866706,0.000023949025,0.00046172077,0.00010257272,0.00043888425,0.000305832],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991431,0.00019237443,0.00012288793,0.0004099543,0.00006018545,0.00007147756],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00043557078,0.00025079784,0.0003626547,0.000096322125,0.000040934596,0.000020496114,0.0005721258,0.00009626706,0.00001152992],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000083400366,0.00011781039,0.00024059408,0.0004578696,0.000063453226,0.00009589653,0.00003945683,0.00072177406,0.0000011845274],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000054315642,0.00001840898,0.00020613986,0.000120784964,0.00009152465,0.0000029931905,0.000178632,0.4516485,0.54555655,0.00017403658,0.00021488366,0.0017332061],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00040087575,0.00028451002,0.0003382252,0.0005589924,0.00005440011,0.00013241946,0.000045367608,0.36824414,0.62953025,0.0000056011077,0.00026970918,0.00013548182],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":8.641673e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.3909032e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08397372,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000083305276,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000029104349,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.48041683},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2033377313","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20296","title":"Unified correlation for overall gas hold‐up in bubble column reactors for various gas–liquid systems using hybrid genetic algorithm‐support vector regression technique","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Sparging; Bubble column reactor; Support vector machine; Bubble; Nonlinear regression; Viscosity; Genetic algorithm; Surface tension; Algorithm; Mathematics; Computer science; Mechanics; Regression analysis; Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Mathematical optimization; Gas bubble; Statistics; Physics; Machine learning","score_opus":0.007004406646816501,"score_gpt":0.19369480443860998,"score_spread":0.18669039779179347,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2033377313","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.75847036,0.00017207993,0.2388863,0.00003400893,0.0018127689,0.00052829704,0.00004494874,0.00003523764,0.000015990337],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9839275,0.000005472891,0.015562368,0.000009012728,0.0003498119,0.000036142726,0.000016200729,0.00008024697,0.0000132522355],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.998831,0.000007701636,0.00048373023,0.00011900385,0.0001288116,0.00042976602],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99917305,0.00012384888,0.00010695022,0.00017292188,0.00012433628,0.00029887093],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004320113,0.00019517906,0.00029209454,0.00023417758,0.0000622551,0.00007321181,0.00023922109,0.0001689828,0.0000047988656],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015835403,0.00017822756,0.000108077125,0.00012215055,0.000023031871,0.00011134758,0.000010043216,0.00055012025,3.1878858e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000017206461,0.0000035118178,0.000013098723,0.00009507306,0.00002527945,0.00002163054,0.00009658036,0.2726151,0.72637516,0.00019893402,0.00018852676,0.00034991014],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004618791,0.0000550248,0.00001412632,0.0002389493,0.00003232282,0.00037318157,0.000005269671,0.9217618,0.07584333,0.000088926645,0.0009172116,0.00020796745],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009520813,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002238359,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6505318,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00047895973,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00028219025,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7267909},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2033943225","doi":"10.1002/ceat.201000164","title":"Mass Transfer Behavior of Annular Ducts under Conditions with Superimposed Pulsating Flow","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering & Technology","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University; SAIT Polytechnic","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Laminar flow; Laminar flow reactor; Mass transfer; Mechanics; Turbulence; Mass flow meter; Volumetric flow rate; Flow (mathematics); Flow coefficient; Open-channel flow; Isothermal flow; Annulus (botany); Residence time (fluid dynamics); Mass flow; Materials science; Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Physics; Geology","score_opus":0.006584949916901524,"score_gpt":0.16943733602354788,"score_spread":0.16285238610664635,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2033943225","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9021954,0.000116251,0.09646594,0.0000153845,0.00009066685,0.000126879,0.000022261625,0.0007543344,0.00021289011],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97760934,0.000008151154,0.022207877,0.0000047060958,0.0000153867,0.000063118096,0.000017571989,0.00006838021,0.000005446984],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991752,0.0000017298954,0.0002309853,0.00018298664,0.000083213556,0.0003259036],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996115,0.000015125069,0.000009570962,0.00025815304,0.000044485285,0.000061166415],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00003260685,0.00019747086,0.00025158635,0.00020502144,0.000018020402,0.0000050550366,0.00018771997,0.000257521,0.000046117046],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000014987871,0.00020117461,0.000047634854,0.00034572202,0.000090342415,0.000066490014,0.000019295361,0.00030738855,0.0000036870774],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000028425807,0.00002557127,0.00014721336,0.00006704245,0.000045061166,0.000018119255,0.00008290186,0.023590649,0.9707077,0.0050799334,0.0000036645326,0.0002292974],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00034240307,0.000043878823,0.0002261479,0.000057164376,0.000048064085,0.000047965288,0.000046563273,0.114342116,0.884337,0.00021974285,0.000028449705,0.00026046438],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000049987507,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.54632e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.09075147,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000054049255,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011525234,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.82036626},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2034005202","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450840111","title":"A Hydrodynamic Study of a Plasma Lift Reactor","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"","keywords":"Lift (data mining); Chemistry; Physics","score_opus":0.006360318215182646,"score_gpt":0.15941052711467138,"score_spread":0.15305020889948873,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2034005202","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99906623,0.00019863955,0.00019616271,0.000023298944,0.00025813855,0.00006621562,0.0000034281227,0.000019154617,0.00016873382],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996499,0.0000051559828,0.00019343419,0.0000052169976,0.00010225812,0.0000015016896,5.417664e-7,0.00003311617,0.0000089040595],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992052,0.0000058201517,0.00034374316,0.00005473325,0.00015150446,0.00023902337],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99942404,0.000058664617,0.00004976789,0.00015299396,0.00005380693,0.00026074733],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012716926,0.00012294667,0.00022984667,0.00016179512,0.000030518404,0.000011597144,0.00027727807,0.000054812244,0.000009329124],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000079009056,0.000100446916,0.00007669024,0.00017788833,0.000031381693,0.00006479828,0.000009601357,0.00036033045,0.0000016364477],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000112927355,0.000035451994,0.0005738593,0.000062212726,0.0002580552,0.00030964738,0.0046905433,0.6917659,0.30138907,0.00016576651,0.00028725542,0.00045092823],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00097476435,0.00012745491,0.0007079624,0.00012922309,0.00006203445,0.000933341,0.00010688655,0.9729338,0.023138858,0.000026339054,0.0005568052,0.0003024765],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007137793,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005392524,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.28116795,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015854258,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000121134835,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.40961063},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2034217768","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22196","title":"Comparative Analysis of Coalescence and Breakage Kernels in Vertical Gas‐Liquid Flow","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Australian Research Council","keywords":"Breakage; Bubble; Coalescence (physics); Mechanics; Turbulence; Break-Up; Flow (mathematics); Two-phase flow; Materials science; Physics","score_opus":0.011614448370130235,"score_gpt":0.2013372768047487,"score_spread":0.18972282843461846,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2034217768","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9966321,0.000684914,0.0023690092,0.000056177894,0.00007815245,0.000028350978,0.0000066527277,0.0000060704733,0.00013857425],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994507,0.0000054576067,0.00049480295,0.000009519552,0.000028221963,6.014828e-7,0.0000013315771,0.000008386991,9.805108e-7],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.999355,0.000008516606,0.00027759257,0.00005217117,0.000111483176,0.00019523362],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994168,0.00006885471,0.000019851559,0.0000852474,0.000060166545,0.00034904963],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023998242,0.00009272278,0.00031386138,0.0002512005,0.000008958455,0.000017426093,0.00014712526,0.00004979146,0.0000046374753],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007543413,0.000077766,0.00005778872,0.00037862113,0.00005356559,0.000063184016,0.000010233776,0.00025486253,4.1749422e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013233279,0.0000037787886,0.0004435335,0.000019378034,0.00021305059,0.00003426855,0.0014783066,0.93011504,0.067119494,0.00043230227,0.00004532956,0.00008230889],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00021784403,0.000020783094,0.0005790883,0.00006483714,0.000107310276,0.000032133947,0.000043267744,0.9760661,0.022710135,0.000025048685,0.000040172956,0.00009324881],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00045760156,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010279234,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.045951113,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016530881,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000954908,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.31712055},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2034308640","doi":"10.1007/s10800-013-0598-2","title":"Experimental investigation of two-phase electrolysis processes: comparison with or without gravity","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Electrochemistry","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Electrolysis; Buoyancy; Bubble; Mechanics; Electrode; Potentiostat; Natural convection; Current density; Chemistry; Convection; Electrochemistry; Liquid bubble; Two-phase flow; Materials science; Flow (mathematics); Physics; Electrolyte","score_opus":0.005956708388993893,"score_gpt":0.2404440094780023,"score_spread":0.2344873010890084,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2034308640","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99077773,0.0003072308,0.008015917,0.000008784478,0.000014609039,0.00011705627,8.8219895e-7,0.000031311312,0.00072647654],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9951785,0.000016848113,0.004632905,0.000015472218,0.0000836976,0.000019830382,0.0000072172616,0.00002979257,0.000015711119],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99896216,0.000004105808,0.00044597837,0.00010545487,0.0002516069,0.00023066162],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99931896,0.00002349209,0.00025795694,0.00011667264,0.0001669773,0.00011595108],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000089293724,0.00017463934,0.0003769379,0.00006614788,0.000033836997,0.000034903926,0.00016239127,0.000063661624,0.000033616616],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000006969273,0.0001347638,0.000044008633,0.00027461548,0.000044874003,0.00012514721,0.000009638291,0.0002927842,0.0000014087099],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00019387901,0.00007852768,0.0002932542,0.000165543,0.00010846224,0.0000014220269,0.0003168429,0.001604736,0.9968427,0.000025607944,0.00016136016,0.00020766031],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015881934,0.0002847376,0.000018163008,0.00005163476,0.000054225224,0.00005876791,0.00025214817,0.013708312,0.98365253,0.00016443944,0.000012081664,0.0001547649],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000040728605,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000032477826,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.013190173,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000109484776,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014608145,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.54955083},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2034970497","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450800423","title":"Power Consumption in the Turbulent Regime for a Coaxial Mixer","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Impeller; Turbulence; Coaxial; Reynolds number; Mechanics; Turbine; Power consumption; Power (physics); Physics; Slip factor; Electrical engineering; Engineering; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.01030366791972703,"score_gpt":0.17779536020408723,"score_spread":0.1674916922843602,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2034970497","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99377793,0.0017080979,0.0024139292,0.0012898651,0.0004060456,0.00014522296,0.0000056557406,0.000015501946,0.00023776949],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99945456,0.000010222629,0.00027217396,0.000089272726,0.00013417992,0.0000052514674,7.903513e-7,0.000019324481,0.000014234545],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994065,0.0000057395855,0.00020807955,0.000043376604,0.000092984985,0.000243314],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996385,0.00009481396,0.000023105527,0.00010072143,0.00002536074,0.00011749256],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024302273,0.000090836154,0.000113561895,0.00008644867,0.00002906928,0.0000451048,0.00022938703,0.000056346715,0.000035678826],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000654516,0.000062011604,0.00007433348,0.00008114611,0.000022916718,0.00005164732,0.0000030022445,0.00028876011,0.000003605159],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000027750011,0.000032963795,0.00026238238,0.00024316207,0.00022323817,0.00028555188,0.009457042,0.8025015,0.13951787,0.011022096,0.03426455,0.0021619042],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008808061,0.00003822985,0.00022815519,0.00018526174,0.00003333341,0.000661913,0.000042075993,0.9693617,0.0052770213,0.0002368076,0.02276683,0.00028787027],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000061761646,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000104497776,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.16686021,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015431135,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001810657,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.25287598},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2035012399","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450810368","title":"Effect of Gas Density on the Hydrodynamics of Bubble Columns and Three‐Phase Fluidized Beds","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Syncrude (Canada); University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Syncrude","keywords":"Bubble; Distributor; Helium; Carbon dioxide; Materials science; Volume (thermodynamics); Borosilicate glass; Gas bubble; Chemistry; Gas phase; Volumetric flow rate; Aqueous solution; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Thermodynamics; Mechanics; Chromatography; Composite material; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.003256757655525598,"score_gpt":0.17098411123667198,"score_spread":0.16772735358114638,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2035012399","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9979044,0.00047311155,0.0011557903,0.000056786834,0.00015538733,0.000092759474,0.0000075316307,0.000007853933,0.00014638083],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997566,0.000012409731,0.0001623612,0.000008654216,0.000030770636,0.0000012887657,6.581234e-7,0.000024999248,0.0000022918136],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992786,0.000021839158,0.00029100868,0.000055969354,0.0001325633,0.00021999015],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99920356,0.00032690115,0.000059589656,0.0001655219,0.000051294737,0.00019314635],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006465161,0.00013452242,0.00028624886,0.00008727149,0.000037753194,0.000017581298,0.00018032115,0.00006893113,0.000009085317],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00031732384,0.00009126887,0.00009341486,0.00014573582,0.00007057472,0.00003451827,0.0000081905755,0.00032466694,3.5097636e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003664873,0.000009935518,0.00019751645,0.00019024931,0.0001830686,0.000025279453,0.00023631747,0.13544491,0.8562065,0.0065282877,0.0001150126,0.0008262892],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00081829104,0.0001625134,0.00002375194,0.00017310158,0.00007660637,0.00010689073,0.000005837212,0.48043114,0.51778466,0.00018348049,0.000103092396,0.00013064852],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00026018088,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00026004468,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3449862,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010652994,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000073180534,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.37218365},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2035451548","doi":"10.1007/s00348-007-0356-5","title":"Fiber-optic probe measurements of void fraction and bubble size distributions beneath breaking waves","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Experiments in Fluids","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":82,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Mechanics; Porosity; Optics; Breaking wave; Materials science; Physics; Wave propagation; Composite material","score_opus":0.01605075147469988,"score_gpt":0.2603572237352065,"score_spread":0.2443064722605066,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2035451548","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9788313,0.0012908372,0.015910426,0.0000051830752,0.00023552043,0.00017944054,0.000009262088,0.00006726309,0.0034707799],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9864723,0.000022896882,0.013321176,0.000005136041,0.000034853347,0.000015037027,0.00001237474,0.000022817285,0.00009337914],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99910206,0.000010649621,0.0002963353,0.0001541783,0.0001796617,0.0002571095],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99969673,0.000041796782,0.000025426654,0.000148486,0.00003145709,0.0000561053],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026122996,0.00013455113,0.00015830735,0.000080586346,0.0000560441,0.000020440932,0.00007037974,0.00007272449,0.000045631856],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000380612,0.00014701326,0.000029298486,0.00014777601,0.000029314084,0.00014857664,0.00003812669,0.00009972976,0.000004543759],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016683178,0.000110544555,0.005890027,0.00006007213,0.000051776453,0.0000057556567,0.0008502888,0.00084320654,0.9854017,0.0006251702,0.00004896587,0.0060958127],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015192295,0.000119373006,0.052017186,0.00031125805,0.000028973469,0.000015381902,0.00049252424,0.02276987,0.9208188,0.0004473817,0.0009451374,0.00051490543],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008538128,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000016082826,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.064582914,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024324168,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013434347,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5995026},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2035521512","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450790305","title":"Modelling of transient mass transfer in liquid and liquid‐solid pulsating systems: Applications and extension to heat transfer","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Mass transfer; Transient (computer programming); Mechanics; Pulse (music); Mass transfer coefficient; Flow (mathematics); Steady state (chemistry); Heat transfer; Thermodynamics; Materials science; Chemistry; Physics; Optics","score_opus":0.009488773583759848,"score_gpt":0.1808895039120702,"score_spread":0.17140073032831035,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2035521512","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7222123,0.0015681684,0.27591607,0.00009800236,0.000046364443,0.00012172333,0.000005015526,0.000008083118,0.000024239187],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99919945,0.000108679145,0.0005778003,0.000014883757,0.000057838915,0.000008967905,8.4927075e-7,0.000030461377,0.0000010550193],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.999138,0.0000072309986,0.00040373456,0.00009239612,0.0001009497,0.0002576888],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994883,0.00004719107,0.0000055397945,0.00009373147,0.000049978935,0.0003152891],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024342087,0.00013020377,0.00025181993,0.00020235544,0.000030172328,0.000024183273,0.00010275351,0.00007357034,0.0000017273084],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00000916209,0.00011644045,0.000041353152,0.00019082955,0.000023014216,0.00007289269,0.0000029604478,0.0002601848,1.3728943e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012610815,0.0000014402485,0.000003356247,0.00006611993,0.000010892439,0.000007118457,0.0005189546,0.6403392,0.35873336,0.00023011412,5.8161817e-7,0.00007625856],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00024747022,0.000053421685,0.000007746118,0.0003868757,0.000023612449,0.00015026172,0.00005506374,0.9648722,0.033872925,0.00001076882,0.00017583014,0.00014385306],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005400807,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001637657,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.32486045,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000102165934,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000040428105,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4748304},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2035985495","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450810325","title":"Bubble Breakup and Coalescence in a Plunging Liquid Jet Bubble Column","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Australian Research Council","keywords":"Bubble; Coalescence (physics); Mechanics; Breakup; Weber number; Dissipation; Materials science; Physics; Thermodynamics; Reynolds number; Turbulence","score_opus":0.0034349906382215196,"score_gpt":0.1534915271808009,"score_spread":0.15005653654257936,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2035985495","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9958821,0.002068456,0.0011524764,0.00009051683,0.0002411799,0.000057865127,0.0000030222122,0.000018927069,0.00048545486],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990309,0.000024031964,0.0008183907,0.000029801235,0.000053890977,0.0000018865107,4.7640884e-7,0.000030330173,0.000010332198],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991833,0.000008232917,0.00026751685,0.00007328306,0.00009870486,0.00036895426],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994424,0.0000669601,0.000026987265,0.00010386479,0.000033441924,0.00032634832],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003204595,0.00013273097,0.00019741025,0.00015359184,0.000035923204,0.00005922432,0.00016591822,0.00007209851,0.000013898213],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013498038,0.000120426615,0.000042350443,0.00020404902,0.00003570353,0.00010184709,0.0000083732775,0.00041663228,0.0000013982171],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015828704,0.000010076958,0.001451705,0.00021459277,0.000087904446,0.0003133991,0.0013734613,0.5270383,0.46180013,0.0065608784,0.0004909297,0.000642787],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0018627985,0.00009338553,0.0006937936,0.0013119029,0.000070434224,0.0023720283,0.0001395688,0.80099934,0.17959075,0.00051582226,0.011267977,0.0010821917],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005328343,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010020579,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2822094,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024733806,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014345247,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4910855},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2036004827","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450800117","title":"Gas hold‐up in stirred tank reactors","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":37,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Impeller; Mechanics; Dispersion (optics); Continuous stirred-tank reactor; Work (physics); Range (aeronautics); Nuclear engineering; Control theory (sociology); Chemistry; Materials science; Physics; Thermodynamics; Engineering; Computer science; Chemical engineering; Aerospace engineering; Optics","score_opus":0.007663943298599319,"score_gpt":0.15336249504692512,"score_spread":0.1456985517483258,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2036004827","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9966477,0.0013336018,0.00027394792,0.00041801564,0.00067744707,0.000042808668,0.0000037040938,0.000026699969,0.00057603186],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99954796,0.000019761785,0.00018382433,0.00002278161,0.0001510494,0.0000010892091,6.6674374e-7,0.0000329594,0.000039917748],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992204,0.0000045224897,0.00027910358,0.000054829492,0.0001102346,0.00033092374],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994723,0.000050569874,0.000026159376,0.00012105861,0.000027340051,0.00030253583],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015046007,0.00012219072,0.00017041256,0.00018646945,0.000019350797,0.000041958414,0.00024606078,0.00007373709,0.000061160434],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010318343,0.00010465124,0.00006690663,0.00021500439,0.000022481776,0.00009105548,0.000006525634,0.0004823042,0.0000068214576],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000051240936,0.00001057364,0.00048383634,0.000091851645,0.00011466734,0.00041808977,0.0018734148,0.55910647,0.4236646,0.0013865541,0.0066959024,0.006148936],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00047769016,0.000014432206,0.00021838179,0.00019958908,0.000018307317,0.00026350783,0.000017941276,0.97216904,0.018998785,0.000120270415,0.007204433,0.00029762246],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00029955438,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004813968,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4130626,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00031095016,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000034309352,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.42675537},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2036106961","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450810322","title":"Dynamic Gas Disengagement in a High‐Pressure Bubble Column","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Volkswagen Foundation","keywords":"Bubble; Mechanics; Materials science; Disengagement theory; Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Physics","score_opus":0.0029176176785161187,"score_gpt":0.1544365335102784,"score_spread":0.15151891583176227,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2036106961","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9947985,0.0019316308,0.0019194204,0.00016413929,0.0005761667,0.00008868985,0.000007140991,0.000024656196,0.00048968295],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99894583,0.0000129749715,0.00091029156,0.000021819618,0.00003502813,0.0000031460074,0.0000011791237,0.000034784996,0.000034931305],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99916816,0.000012688153,0.00027993444,0.000065586246,0.000119198354,0.0003544094],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994829,0.000050557694,0.00002713311,0.0001354296,0.00003090394,0.00027304844],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003187299,0.00012879935,0.00018593196,0.00014974384,0.000033378397,0.00004969576,0.00021757108,0.00006561908,0.000040959396],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000113931805,0.000114783266,0.000061661514,0.00020049077,0.00002164834,0.00007053628,0.0000067551537,0.0005091853,0.0000030503988],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000001850074,0.000004565551,0.00017686517,0.000056358793,0.00006304021,0.00008309952,0.0002238175,0.95462257,0.04088043,0.003327706,0.00027972108,0.00027999913],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00092214375,0.000024098605,0.0005917706,0.00028017818,0.000068328874,0.00021138933,0.000042166448,0.97128713,0.013203002,0.00087072095,0.012053364,0.00044570758],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00044232985,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011674942,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02767743,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00029804814,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00011412066,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.46807256},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2036567281","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450830209","title":"A Combined Mass Transfer Coefficient Model for Liquid-Liquid Systems under Simultaneous Effect of Contamination and Agitation","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Mass transfer coefficient; Physics; Mass transfer; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.005895088248817018,"score_gpt":0.17558929043845523,"score_spread":0.1696942021896382,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2036567281","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.71007574,0.000313567,0.28929552,0.000035673198,0.00011917965,0.00013278371,0.000009775376,0.000010044921,0.000007709552],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999736,0.000008346128,0.00016926521,0.000008801718,0.00003414905,0.0000058919113,0.0000037992468,0.000027048924,0.000006664361],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.999393,0.0000077277955,0.0002700628,0.000052074152,0.000102995014,0.0001741612],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99935406,0.00027204328,0.000026033533,0.00006067459,0.00013258298,0.00015459253],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021044459,0.00011019,0.00021563673,0.000103659884,0.000037532373,0.000014612685,0.000087897795,0.00006864457,5.180493e-7],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000116081486,0.00009011352,0.000060262424,0.00007013236,0.000033770655,0.000049212438,0.0000020627003,0.00013408453,9.686045e-8],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004670246,0.0000012662101,0.0000010718901,0.0001122284,0.000029673985,0.0000048343945,0.00030086024,0.75419974,0.24478999,0.000485275,0.000006617859,0.000021704373],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000585391,0.00020144164,0.0000017822105,0.000094412186,0.00003444537,0.00005458395,0.000008901808,0.93961793,0.059301697,0.000005420671,0.000008128127,0.00008588006],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006153376,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000023450586,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.28966027,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001599447,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000063299296,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.36747226},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2037460506","doi":"10.1016/s0301-9322(03)00123-x","title":"Bubble size in coalescence dominant regime of turbulent air–water flow through horizontal pipes","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":52,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Syncrude (Canada); University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Syncrude","keywords":"Bubble; Coalescence (physics); Mechanics; Breakup; Turbulence; Injector; Volume fraction; Air water; Materials science; Physics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.006819624493921453,"score_gpt":0.22788100055987515,"score_spread":0.2210613760659537,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2037460506","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9264123,0.0006785547,0.0697488,0.00022198186,0.0021713322,0.000106561456,0.000025573607,0.000015676746,0.00061923167],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9553672,0.0002650853,0.044050995,0.00004730795,0.00015586623,0.0000024091203,0.0000045866245,0.000023112269,0.000083402985],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986029,0.000031198128,0.0006265499,0.00011082813,0.0004158031,0.00021269967],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993695,0.00009464574,0.00010483931,0.000108316206,0.00024782438,0.000074843265],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00030388613,0.00015765318,0.000266015,0.00014376026,0.000016973561,0.000023491517,0.0003005985,0.00006798353,0.00011040985],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015937872,0.00012595311,0.00014813396,0.00006254576,0.00003807663,0.00030277434,0.000023548613,0.00023780439,0.000010840379],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00025141297,0.00040981488,0.0011550549,0.000049721406,0.0002470489,0.0010447947,0.001613272,0.6568824,0.33393884,0.000477604,0.0009478221,0.0029821843],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006784219,0.00019818227,0.0007707121,0.00077432307,0.000035656914,0.0010505572,0.00018709732,0.5529192,0.42642698,0.0008879048,0.009544938,0.00042019275],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003578752,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000037560505,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.10396319,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021672627,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000047152895,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.51362187},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2037543648","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450800201","title":"Bubble characteristics of a scaled‐down three‐phase fluidized bed","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"SAIT Polytechnic; University of British Columbia","funders":"Syncrude","keywords":"Bubble; Fluidized bed; Mechanics; Chord (peer-to-peer); Materials science; Acoustics; Physics; Thermodynamics; Computer science","score_opus":0.007466738368152173,"score_gpt":0.17057868880585628,"score_spread":0.1631119504377041,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2037543648","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99561495,0.0011460023,0.0024136687,0.00012983198,0.00039866718,0.0000622492,0.00002276578,0.000026377713,0.00018551682],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99897176,0.00001969799,0.0007379565,0.000018206072,0.00020070259,0.000001545723,0.0000021205606,0.0000391124,0.000008869419],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990076,0.0000047230365,0.00045466732,0.00006076837,0.00015031449,0.00032193164],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99924713,0.00006182911,0.00006701312,0.00017160167,0.000087888555,0.00036455828],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018323038,0.00015079172,0.00030774222,0.00014532587,0.000033003922,0.00003558422,0.00030559552,0.0000862146,0.00011389405],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000125801,0.00012711616,0.00012522523,0.00018333113,0.00004676858,0.00007802164,0.000010721948,0.00036022387,0.0000054325424],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009647027,0.00001844997,0.0000816973,0.00011911984,0.00015424589,0.00008112944,0.00042295697,0.010901361,0.97886616,0.0007787729,0.00091736426,0.0076491013],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011222138,0.000046644618,0.000046747686,0.00022706143,0.00007492982,0.00020063753,0.000005865245,0.8470996,0.14931127,0.00009506961,0.0014896018,0.00028033153],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00014762375,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007661384,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8361983,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015037747,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005161505,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.51836467},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2037555359","doi":"10.1205/cherd07051","title":"Power and Mixing Time Study Involving a Maxblend® Impeller with Viscous Newtonian and Non-Newtonian Fluids","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Process Safety and Environmental Protection","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":54,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Laminar flow; Mechanics; Impeller; Newtonian fluid; Reynolds number; Agitator; Turbulence; Non-Newtonian fluid; Mixing (physics); Dimensionless quantity; Materials science; Thermodynamics; Shear thinning; Physics; Rheology","score_opus":0.0022103915675656415,"score_gpt":0.16576503055586694,"score_spread":0.1635546389883013,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2037555359","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.91304743,0.0006955631,0.084604695,0.000025211617,0.000040570663,0.0006905378,0.00000491005,0.000084802115,0.0008062862],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99905294,0.0002693455,0.00045831664,0.000015161916,0.000029517769,0.000023640596,0.0000041603716,0.000045448094,0.000101480844],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99905854,0.000010072517,0.00020174522,0.00030888803,0.00014188125,0.0002788745],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99974054,0.000010798574,0.0000317744,0.00009676212,0.0000039516776,0.00011616518],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024171753,0.0002244757,0.00017211298,0.00008877045,0.00027986613,0.00004619505,0.000038991115,0.00008228346,0.000020993324],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000026481953,0.00020921616,0.000013647835,0.00008528788,0.000076697674,0.00030663543,0.00005251771,0.00020925947,0.0000040605673],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0017574403,0.00061882345,0.060597055,0.00147194,0.0005206939,0.00014717973,0.022559522,0.030407818,0.809524,0.000036191217,0.000008140956,0.07235117],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0032042945,0.0012894284,0.13487922,0.0002713804,0.00009061699,0.00034225834,0.008875957,0.84589255,0.0035993627,0.00013608801,0.00036335504,0.0010555015],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000045248165,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004256995,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8154847,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008088663,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004373699,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8531588},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2038299793","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450810301","title":"Airlift Bioreactors: Review of Recent Advances","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":88,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Airlift; Bioprocess; Bioreactor; Reactor design; Process engineering; Biochemical engineering; Environmental science; Computer science; Engineering; Nuclear engineering; Chemistry; Chemical engineering","score_opus":0.006344469523383615,"score_gpt":0.1869129266483325,"score_spread":0.1805684571249489,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2038299793","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.22534272,0.7508551,0.0060483133,0.0009708149,0.0030018261,0.0003384352,0.000029380964,0.00007894315,0.013334473],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99082047,0.008007405,0.0009912407,0.000064623855,0.00008033054,0.000001252017,0.0000011437966,0.0000288909,0.0000046330924],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993061,0.000006961779,0.00033604208,0.00004006015,0.00011103701,0.00019983105],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994771,0.000044316166,0.00005448017,0.00011606707,0.00008473077,0.00022329432],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00027883778,0.00009957112,0.00020703784,0.00007250586,0.000014182875,0.000009685032,0.0001779911,0.000038775488,0.00008483074],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00030161795,0.00007583718,0.00008035057,0.00018396176,0.000024675703,0.00007244244,0.0000031237203,0.00023600616,0.0000013219411],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011368313,0.000038603517,0.00042498598,0.014783908,0.00069203076,0.00027418055,0.0009068035,0.35258853,0.5493153,0.02790469,0.009560187,0.043499425],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005459953,0.000054082066,0.000045514458,0.009968063,0.00014377123,0.0008994595,0.000023735432,0.0187993,0.32916623,0.00045392098,0.63924015,0.0006597656],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000029961742,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000023173861,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7654778,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012703032,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012726574,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.30925506},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2038433988","doi":"10.1007/bf02486712","title":"Two-phase flow patterns in a 90° bend at microgravity","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Acta Mechanica Sinica","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Slug flow; Mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Curvature; RADIUS; Two-phase flow; Radius of curvature; Geology; Materials science; Physics; Geometry; Mathematics; Computer science","score_opus":0.008845269915511288,"score_gpt":0.24270995419780464,"score_spread":0.23386468428229334,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2038433988","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99244696,0.00018251502,0.005044634,0.00025725848,0.00048721954,0.00021734135,0.00008344783,0.00024336115,0.0010372454],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99498653,0.00016210601,0.004485067,0.00012819469,0.00006776901,0.000021495673,0.0000488189,0.00006138019,0.00003861212],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987437,0.000019213385,0.00034134494,0.00030295452,0.00013911349,0.0004536668],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993039,0.00004955863,0.000032306838,0.0004631517,0.000017110026,0.00013397259],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019390837,0.00021653839,0.0002632994,0.000103644095,0.000055802706,0.000038707833,0.0002692552,0.00012170248,0.000120467346],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000030005524,0.00023545089,0.00010902883,0.00018714802,0.000013211184,0.00011377975,0.00013963212,0.00026087824,0.00006176933],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000071422095,0.00050466176,0.00020978105,0.000105940555,0.00010634226,0.00024917428,0.0006227979,0.010234732,0.9678694,0.0041360487,0.0005494278,0.015340274],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0417372,0.0012078782,0.0032811998,0.0012634989,0.0002592205,0.00047511715,0.00033366054,0.6720203,0.22645237,0.014219833,0.034235734,0.004513988],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00013711234,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001790038,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.74141705,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00026198564,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002685138,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9601408},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2038532788","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20616","title":"The CFD in chemical engineering and industrial processes symposium at the 8th world congress of chemical engineering (WCCE8)","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Library science; Humanities; Engineering; Art; Computer science","score_opus":0.01019482566264542,"score_gpt":0.16471085070197822,"score_spread":0.1545160250393328,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2038532788","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9961815,0.002254332,0.00013335243,0.00025897927,0.0007621093,0.00020226983,0.0000147323735,0.00004637403,0.00014637507],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99913067,0.000038759685,0.000329799,0.000015237505,0.00035318529,0.000015903881,0.0000027008966,0.00008616832,0.000027586682],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99803036,0.000012584679,0.000767377,0.00017925166,0.0002914351,0.00071896176],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985888,0.0004373509,0.00012056543,0.00030531536,0.00011511777,0.0004328568],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00055940956,0.00036616583,0.0004520007,0.00023601211,0.00006818327,0.00009154389,0.000743939,0.00020463721,0.000017515289],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005360419,0.00024866924,0.00012584345,0.00058637944,0.00015987939,0.00015694872,0.00009867843,0.0011891773,0.0000012596428],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000052098403,0.000018245984,0.00047994626,0.0003432754,0.00025861012,0.00007615539,0.0013589218,0.13654017,0.85853344,0.0012225456,0.0006880052,0.00042854596],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010088892,0.000030047764,0.000086728796,0.000737571,0.00010034693,0.00036825874,0.0000355393,0.22214146,0.7725591,0.000042665815,0.002317288,0.00057207316],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00036462635,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00026349415,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08597434,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00041856628,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00021097584,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99999654},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2039088197","doi":"10.1080/01932690208984188","title":"Design of In-Line Emulsification Processes for Water-in-Oil Emulsions","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Emulsion; Fabrication; Impeller; Drop (telecommunication); Materials science; Process engineering; Process (computing); Membrane emulsification; Chemical engineering; Environmental science; Mechanical engineering; Computer science; Engineering","score_opus":0.02107858020144267,"score_gpt":0.23897127980179905,"score_spread":0.21789269960035637,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2039088197","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98560834,0.00076957204,0.012543514,0.0009224909,0.000064878615,0.000044111795,5.852078e-7,0.000008981332,0.000037550857],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9960105,0.0014580671,0.0025042037,0.0000046639193,0.0000053227536,0.0000022682166,9.0789364e-8,0.0000033174388,0.000011554767],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994849,0.0000026859962,0.00022369012,0.00006750054,0.00009244087,0.00012878317],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996613,0.000029670857,0.000039995924,0.000058643353,0.00018898885,0.000021346032],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00033481812,0.000042435327,0.00011272644,0.0007131732,0.000032501484,0.000008138729,0.00015337399,0.000048538877,0.000002745798],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017031239,0.000030012838,0.000009255818,0.00067262416,0.00011602728,0.00017230475,0.000017576633,0.00007855953,3.992111e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005781999,0.00004845388,0.00094659964,0.00005635573,0.000001938875,0.000002297285,0.0003427659,0.008425045,0.9534184,0.00037023606,0.000022684151,0.03635945],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008428635,0.0003047034,0.00045555734,0.00020156341,0.000008192914,0.0000569639,0.0007614552,0.7883938,0.20638578,0.0021889673,0.00028384654,0.00011632883],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":7.520662e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003734961,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.77996874,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003296353,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015880409,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.122388795},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2039556469","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22078","title":"CFD simulation and comparison of industrial crystallizers","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Computational fluid dynamics; Impeller; Mechanics; Draft tube; Volume (thermodynamics); Turbulence; Population; Volumetric flow rate; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Thermodynamics; Physics","score_opus":0.014541568180671172,"score_gpt":0.20540428403829256,"score_spread":0.19086271585762138,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2039556469","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99214196,0.00020183189,0.0072318115,0.000042338193,0.00020024364,0.00002686089,0.0000016634078,0.00000859192,0.00014470896],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995477,8.229095e-7,0.0002955046,0.000004843309,0.00013544424,2.142547e-7,6.2021815e-7,0.000013491374,0.0000013345866],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99952936,0.0000048866495,0.00023126023,0.000030197136,0.00007719331,0.00012707975],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996053,0.00010034435,0.000038969294,0.000058602087,0.000033183,0.00016362054],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001646871,0.00006749974,0.00015290278,0.00007789152,0.000017347475,0.000018722045,0.000095174,0.000063118714,0.000004889835],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013430021,0.00005691445,0.000033478613,0.00007060806,0.000025525662,0.000044468175,0.000004899885,0.00022266759,1.9893564e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000018493357,7.8568394e-7,0.0002785778,0.000014166695,0.000017770528,6.1836727e-7,0.00016357568,0.9560454,0.04136827,0.00031892213,0.000043554002,0.0017465486],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00020152103,0.000013083128,0.000055954937,0.00005773602,0.000014882209,0.000007228668,0.0000071046943,0.990523,0.0082153585,0.000049250215,0.00079263403,0.00006226724],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00011310748,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005368885,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.034477614,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006109849,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000033969958,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2320904},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2040022949","doi":"10.1002/ceat.200800385","title":"New Turbine Impellers for Viscous Mixing","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering & Technology","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Impeller; Mixing (physics); Turbine; Power consumption; Mechanical engineering; Flow (mathematics); Mechanics; Materials science; Power (physics); Base (topology); Engineering; Physics; Mathematics; Thermodynamics; Mathematical analysis","score_opus":0.004567985302472233,"score_gpt":0.17596300980040389,"score_spread":0.17139502449793165,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2040022949","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.39856356,0.0013697074,0.5955265,0.00020357966,0.0005660503,0.00022301984,0.0000069498155,0.0030025337,0.000538083],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9406435,0.00007376766,0.05879005,0.000016293914,0.00017200943,0.00003881491,0.000013017828,0.00009544503,0.00015713373],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990079,6.058395e-7,0.00022124716,0.00022517673,0.00007124003,0.00047385698],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99954873,0.000043654592,0.000014376203,0.00026275966,0.00002358286,0.000106885636],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000031568467,0.00022268004,0.00025822542,0.00022164508,0.00003380499,0.000007917005,0.0002566517,0.000299958,0.000010554757],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008522109,0.00025091108,0.000088027205,0.0003127826,0.000034639263,0.000049149403,0.00005443351,0.00029199777,0.000015946023],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004295079,0.000008087291,0.000018188477,0.00008142167,0.000052146283,0.00001888578,0.000048665235,0.09251039,0.8956615,0.002461227,0.0029382075,0.006197016],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006134452,0.000028694643,0.0000072340194,0.00004008867,0.000014988987,0.00016238049,0.000006992992,0.6289224,0.35068262,0.0003743587,0.018734401,0.00041242252],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004184129,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.1897673e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.54497886,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011334538,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000019884794,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99999434},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2040227200","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2012.10.057","title":"Characterisation of gas mixing in water and pulp-suspension flow based on electrical resistance tomography","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Journal","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of British Columbia","keywords":"Impeller; Turbulence; Plug flow; Materials science; Wet gas; Coalescence (physics); Spark plug; Pulp (tooth); Mixing (physics); Composite material; Superficial velocity; Mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.003558819886706292,"score_gpt":0.16523485333146018,"score_spread":0.1616760334447539,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2040227200","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9769889,0.0003856069,0.022224158,0.000029991841,0.00020447007,0.000043580167,9.785809e-7,0.00004303635,0.00007927614],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9922348,0.00003091459,0.007545907,0.000011738022,0.00013718856,0.0000026852426,0.0000068713266,0.000027260621,0.000002586209],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991607,0.00000726477,0.00028552822,0.00008023109,0.00013667902,0.00032960408],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997175,0.000044771663,0.000020215008,0.00007816071,0.000019220264,0.000120164514],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024471924,0.0001283957,0.00017313167,0.00021552495,0.000017183402,0.000019818603,0.00005758801,0.00008504448,0.000009202877],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000043504537,0.00011068324,0.00005147005,0.00013606895,0.000009902952,0.00012054729,0.000010633768,0.00036750955,9.14326e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000022145814,0.000025191579,0.0018921919,0.00007964162,0.000007692481,0.000005259266,0.00013034682,0.04375338,0.95287055,0.00004095592,0.00002615589,0.0011464827],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00031523596,0.00001179042,0.003268021,0.00015250777,0.000006355966,0.00001998393,0.000002436034,0.7995307,0.19640315,0.000014439888,0.0001340865,0.00014129243],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":3.9249855e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.0139557e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7564674,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007649985,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003376521,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.45135316},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2040252029","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450790118","title":"Drag coefficient—reynolds number transition for gas bubbles rising steadily in viscous fluids","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":42,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Reynolds number; Drag coefficient; Drag; Mechanics; Viscous liquid; Newtonian fluid; Physics; Parasitic drag; Bubble; Position (finance); Classical mechanics; Mathematics; Thermodynamics; Statistical physics; Turbulence","score_opus":0.005271935501177653,"score_gpt":0.18669675111100206,"score_spread":0.1814248156098244,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2040252029","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.935588,0.0005227626,0.0628217,0.0002533102,0.000392197,0.00010566507,0.0000096314725,0.000028932007,0.0002778213],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99857676,0.000015148997,0.0010822229,0.00004166886,0.00021935615,0.000004053486,0.000003951071,0.00004720374,0.000009607939],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990281,0.000006085748,0.00035028538,0.00007827576,0.00012045041,0.00041682186],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994804,0.00007618017,0.000027479751,0.000104658575,0.00005964204,0.00025160288],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00028797326,0.00014972288,0.00021118834,0.00016344665,0.000047339014,0.000069082234,0.0001994342,0.00009652511,0.000017291013],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005339148,0.0001363243,0.000103637394,0.00023010485,0.000027770055,0.00011216636,0.0000040415334,0.00031824803,0.0000022551878],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009610472,0.0000053284098,0.000049708546,0.00004754694,0.000029593597,0.000058026268,0.0006424787,0.89195263,0.10540161,0.00042924986,0.00021569821,0.0011584833],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000593504,0.000018427903,0.000048818638,0.00024120127,0.000027550961,0.00038294427,0.00004268301,0.9825441,0.0136799,0.00019075874,0.0020087485,0.00022135502],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000376656,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00050585164,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.09172171,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00037220374,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010026227,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5559144},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2040318558","doi":"10.1088/1757-899x/42/1/012048","title":"Using ultrasonic Doppler velocimetry to investigate the mixing of non-Newtonian fluids","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IOP Conference Series Materials Science and Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Shear thinning; Xanthan gum; Rheology; Impeller; Non-Newtonian fluid; Newtonian fluid; Velocimetry; Laser Doppler velocimetry; Materials science; Ultrasonic sensor; Mixing (physics); Complex fluid; Mechanics; Composite material; Physics; Acoustics; Blood flow; Medicine","score_opus":0.018324137994097493,"score_gpt":0.2238232173629719,"score_spread":0.2054990793688744,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2040318558","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9803593,0.000155212,0.017896172,0.000046641137,0.0010871583,0.00015062446,0.000013357924,0.00008853694,0.00020298417],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9842842,0.000067970286,0.015450464,0.000030672436,0.00011399396,0.000011874872,0.0000012793826,0.00002792728,0.000011618857],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99864906,0.000008364713,0.00028812714,0.00018026866,0.00025876117,0.0006154378],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993797,0.000027049895,0.00003121278,0.00024711475,0.00010080685,0.0002140969],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00078486616,0.0002113283,0.00024859206,0.00017719546,0.0001701495,0.00021023855,0.0003278987,0.000055596065,0.000024590847],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000108529064,0.00017372271,0.000019811696,0.0005522231,0.00022562662,0.00079914776,0.00013364572,0.00009095735,0.000005729926],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002213211,0.000002424028,0.000105537685,0.00010040839,0.000007892879,4.6476953e-7,0.0011639532,0.015536151,0.98150814,0.0013005548,0.000009325169,0.00026294388],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006951622,0.000021611015,0.0052720713,0.00016283263,0.000013345449,0.000037691047,0.00027354967,0.11153876,0.88209456,0.000020401372,0.00022629382,0.000269347],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006884393,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003408216,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.09941355,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006920224,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007719581,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.70842063},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2040402252","doi":"10.1115/ipc2002-27227","title":"A Numerical Study of Dispersed Air Bubbles in a Hydrotransport Pipeline Flow","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"4th International Pipeline Conference, Parts A and B","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Mechanics; Turbulence; Dissolution; Pressure drop; Materials science; Drop (telecommunication); Volumetric flow rate; Flow (mathematics); Airflow; Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Physics; Mechanical engineering; Engineering","score_opus":0.01879267169238276,"score_gpt":0.22663110723259855,"score_spread":0.2078384355402158,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2040402252","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96072423,0.00018973024,0.02611219,0.00026750218,0.00041880223,0.00027927328,0.000044539855,0.0000810295,0.0118826805],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988406,0.00011407568,0.00024158438,0.00003783071,0.000075405296,0.0000228726,0.000028020399,0.00001602647,0.0006236433],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990118,0.000012646711,0.00040910183,0.00019518903,0.000206138,0.00016513838],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996806,0.000026115526,0.000035249366,0.00011227792,0.00008042729,0.000065341184],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008900647,0.00015420363,0.00024042508,0.00016085956,0.000019759687,0.000020298412,0.00013961819,0.000047707097,0.00031388112],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000018013563,0.00014218886,0.000038197413,0.00011648788,0.000029779794,0.00009628025,0.000020065992,0.00013511737,0.000008089597],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00027155748,0.0051315017,0.21176909,0.00034647138,0.00039919748,0.00042219955,0.016756142,0.6305973,0.0051924833,0.010122623,0.0072264895,0.11176498],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011165205,0.00006183681,0.0044348612,0.00006020809,0.000011290427,0.0000062808226,0.00017086671,0.99127275,0.000058358823,0.00008976841,0.0025638125,0.0001534765],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00014089145,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00023811997,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.36067545,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000020370617,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008329069,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.57982934},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2040748485","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450830118","title":"Phase Distribution in a High Pressure Slurry Bubble Column via a Single Source Computed Tomography","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Slurry; Materials science; Bubble; Pitot tube; Physics; Mechanics; Composite material; Flow (mathematics)","score_opus":0.004368413039530649,"score_gpt":0.1560260421583508,"score_spread":0.15165762911882016,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2040748485","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96107507,0.00092520134,0.037509322,0.00007352304,0.00026124128,0.00007019042,0.000023785844,0.00003884483,0.00002283476],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99930084,0.000003092195,0.0004855421,0.000016502367,0.00014106298,0.000002254968,0.0000142328545,0.000028733306,0.0000077149125],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.999151,0.000008484688,0.00030194383,0.00007245493,0.0001281544,0.00033795208],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99944127,0.000044722845,0.000039332936,0.00011617989,0.000056440556,0.00030207753],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001327419,0.0001362312,0.00021202174,0.00014404526,0.00006070159,0.000032818105,0.00021720368,0.00008983159,0.000009265849],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000040578703,0.00012911114,0.000084643005,0.000361333,0.00004589892,0.00009240775,0.000010176088,0.00042888595,0.0000010570894],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013754111,0.00004115239,0.00018741604,0.000059041307,0.000093944,0.00015353238,0.0004573701,0.87418336,0.1229007,0.00019714265,0.0008667954,0.0008457762],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0014480042,0.00006572913,0.00036960104,0.00016898582,0.000036448844,0.00054092176,0.0000065266986,0.96977895,0.021847691,0.00007644394,0.0053859893,0.00027470448],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010083346,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00034914826,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.10105301,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020256457,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008182783,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5265},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2040869408","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2012.02.090","title":"Dispersed two-phase flow analysis by pulsed ultrasonic velocimetry in SMX static mixer","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Journal","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières","funders":"","keywords":"Micromixing; Static mixer; Turbulence; Velocimetry; Residence time distribution; Mechanics; Mixing (physics); Reynolds number; Volumetric flow rate; Residence time (fluid dynamics); Flow (mathematics); Materials science; Flow measurement; Phase (matter); Physics; Engineering; Microfluidics; Nanotechnology","score_opus":0.0035238718499461044,"score_gpt":0.21373819330270236,"score_spread":0.21021432145275626,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2040869408","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7271533,0.001362214,0.270811,0.000016650098,0.0003715609,0.000050866507,0.000022638083,0.000112500566,0.00009928922],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9879602,0.000067061446,0.011601025,0.000018199014,0.00021588673,0.000006679337,0.00005412425,0.000061176295,0.000015657304],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985058,0.000010829017,0.00041650215,0.00013704061,0.00022999458,0.00069986936],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99931365,0.00009388136,0.00003150475,0.00016363178,0.000023457267,0.0003738818],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002928443,0.00025287707,0.0003673475,0.00032784088,0.000029050947,0.00006722769,0.00018332664,0.00010708798,0.00013996013],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000103550854,0.0002570672,0.00019099453,0.00078062824,0.000015718892,0.00023353429,0.000019407731,0.0006848873,0.000011216009],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000069164603,0.00007564979,0.00076989457,0.00004440206,0.00033486797,0.000014199671,0.00027938664,0.47610068,0.51991487,0.00001641972,0.0004436922,0.001999037],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012687751,0.000008099728,0.00026663934,0.000039486367,0.00014596523,0.00003997218,0.000025580654,0.9711319,0.026360996,0.000005164176,0.0003733992,0.000333988],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000049310415,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.01775e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.49503124,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00031990066,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012981034,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99998814},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2041005472","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20103","title":"Effect of shaft eccentricity on the laminar mixing performance of a radial impeller","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Impeller; Laminar flow; Rushton turbine; Mixing (physics); Turbine; Mechanics; Eccentricity (behavior); Reynolds number; Slip factor; Materials science; Physics; Thermodynamics; Turbulence","score_opus":0.003991423296989442,"score_gpt":0.15757763857219,"score_spread":0.15358621527520055,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2041005472","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9987798,0.00039955095,0.0002349064,0.000052083098,0.00025208754,0.0000696847,0.0000043304476,0.00000812425,0.00019947463],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997318,0.000026865848,0.00007422492,0.000010588175,0.00012367479,0.000001116726,4.5637978e-7,0.000023655146,0.000007653708],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99920875,0.00001581853,0.00030721276,0.00004855105,0.0001668509,0.00025281252],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99933046,0.00025868107,0.00006742816,0.0001476486,0.00004481879,0.00015093968],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003964626,0.00013184811,0.0002495346,0.0001160885,0.000048110964,0.000007657705,0.00031055318,0.000060589366,0.000016628192],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015132673,0.00008311766,0.00012502164,0.00018469234,0.00006769641,0.00004857459,0.0000105754325,0.00039326012,0.0000013529977],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000053693362,0.000006606322,0.00091359444,0.00024751906,0.00014210364,0.00004479082,0.0007720017,0.7870637,0.2085351,0.00036266042,0.0005751286,0.0012830553],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00032334088,0.00013329391,0.00029538717,0.00021692041,0.00002906578,0.00015856842,0.0000033862812,0.54404604,0.454469,0.00000350018,0.0002086981,0.000112790905],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001502795,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000013140152,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.24593389,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001319912,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007941882,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.338944},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2041079448","doi":"10.2118/173202-ms","title":"Numerical Simulation of Three-Hydrocarbon-Phase Flow with Robust Phase Identification","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; China Scholarship Council","keywords":"Two-phase flow; Phase (matter); Identification (biology); Flow (mathematics); Computer science; Petroleum engineering; Mechanics; Geology; Physics","score_opus":0.026151853477280367,"score_gpt":0.2608496031269292,"score_spread":0.23469774964964882,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2041079448","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.25005803,0.000045145665,0.74827385,0.000008581397,0.00008701637,0.00008630454,0.0000034288373,0.000108340064,0.0013293363],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99418736,0.000001848396,0.005662272,0.0000053396693,0.000034568286,0.0000055167866,0.00003590408,0.000021240894,0.000045934492],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994506,0.000005424661,0.00018956327,0.00010180907,0.00014660673,0.00010595987],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99965125,0.000018630892,0.00002625535,0.00016578284,0.000065153494,0.000072899194],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009779165,0.000084475396,0.00010897354,0.000057364905,0.000014306511,0.000018250084,0.000058259287,0.000037173322,0.000017288408],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000015741245,0.00007313074,0.00002157981,0.0001581231,0.000012910013,0.00013205224,0.0000064522624,0.000050180235,0.000011648964],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000025578793,0.000073370946,0.00005777354,0.000014547463,0.000016293383,0.0000015773822,0.0000831148,0.9895046,0.0046030097,0.00019831465,0.000065542765,0.005356327],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001476797,0.00009344768,0.000039316037,0.0000098299715,0.000015273528,0.0000014940265,0.00001866922,0.99605155,0.0019998066,0.00011147277,0.00008451862,0.0000978135],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000026055053,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000021225254,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.74412936,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000039263126,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014803354,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2982185},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2041185995","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450780603","title":"Hydrodynamics and mass transfer in a pulsed packed column","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering","keywords":"Raschig ring; Mass transfer; Packed bed; Materials science; Phase (matter); Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chromatography; Kerosene; Mass fraction; Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Composite material; Physics","score_opus":0.0025331481067090065,"score_gpt":0.14107950845042455,"score_spread":0.13854636034371554,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2041185995","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9982053,0.0005476043,0.00059049885,0.00012384228,0.00009114258,0.00004702745,0.0000049124856,0.000013950422,0.0003756899],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996142,0.000029709528,0.00022611082,0.000023446044,0.00005705142,0.000001429251,0.0000010673027,0.000027747137,0.000019267403],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993597,0.0000048102906,0.00023400068,0.000053853928,0.00007672242,0.0002708891],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996142,0.000034281675,0.0000065013055,0.00007846913,0.00001471981,0.0002518586],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015034516,0.000107361564,0.0001635473,0.000105121886,0.000020299536,0.000042290445,0.0001393941,0.00007174942,0.000047250516],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001742182,0.0000961616,0.000043939286,0.00012846588,0.000029414405,0.000070302674,0.0000017431137,0.00036221772,0.0000015088023],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010342503,0.0000036204713,0.00021056033,0.00006267554,0.000054860142,0.0001449341,0.00070322526,0.80222666,0.19221176,0.0006867983,0.00005528715,0.003629244],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00039891063,0.000010028515,0.00019099668,0.00008417383,0.000012918415,0.00012480411,0.0000060801644,0.9948322,0.003132939,0.00018710099,0.0008676907,0.00015215715],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00030781867,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000794577,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.19260551,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016645573,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000059239974,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.39213565},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2041229637","doi":"10.3390/en7117602","title":"Exergy Destruction in Pipeline Flow of Surfactant-Stabilized Oil-in-Water Emulsions","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Energies","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Waterloo","keywords":"Laminar flow; Exergy; Emulsion; Turbulence; Pulmonary surfactant; Volumetric flow rate; Thermodynamics; Materials science; Reynolds number; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Mechanics; Petroleum engineering; Geology; Physics; Engineering","score_opus":0.0036736613942787016,"score_gpt":0.17566429238390613,"score_spread":0.1719906309896274,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2041229637","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9967867,0.00011956653,0.0013332054,0.000018001787,0.00030420537,0.00001639875,0.0000021277117,0.000060625393,0.0013591822],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99676114,0.00015863588,0.0028566099,0.0000035219457,0.00002636802,0.0000057212314,0.000012188081,0.000018797597,0.00015704225],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99943674,0.000019024954,0.00021908536,0.00009208981,0.000063717285,0.000169345],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997837,0.000037239104,0.0000099756735,0.00013490138,0.000014409942,0.000019789017],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011191757,0.00008654459,0.00015966348,0.00013019146,0.000012150402,0.000007391712,0.000059579987,0.000051541116,0.000033563894],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000024415729,0.00007353226,0.00002946643,0.000094720555,0.000016592589,0.00007289336,0.000020887821,0.000069136564,0.0000037525385],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005367258,0.00000801785,0.00059424015,0.000024537465,0.0000020404593,0.0000010239836,0.00028880092,0.785104,0.20822716,0.00072625524,0.000014407308,0.0050041545],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00047413408,0.00000951734,0.0017501109,0.000050844388,0.0000028791849,0.00000149795,0.000094156465,0.9172469,0.07870811,0.0004834996,0.0010516399,0.00012674868],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00019794857,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010145752,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.13214286,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003258819,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000035075832,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.29985586},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2041749483","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450830403","title":"Review on Mixing Characteristics in Solid‐Liquid and Solid‐Liquid‐Gas Reactor Vessels","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":85,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Impeller; Mixing (physics); Work (physics); Suspension (topology); Process engineering; Materials science; Crystallization; Mechanical engineering; Chemical engineering; Engineering; Mathematics; Physics","score_opus":0.007066894595394103,"score_gpt":0.2027957467244372,"score_spread":0.1957288521290431,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2041749483","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98611224,0.01184651,0.00024184618,0.0010976013,0.00031606242,0.000112643604,0.000009728188,0.000029572127,0.00023382503],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9974321,0.0014468094,0.00025669642,0.00039643142,0.00040545137,0.0000034577301,0.0000028751372,0.000051302966,0.0000048897405],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988025,0.00001086139,0.00053534086,0.00010158549,0.00012792824,0.00042179888],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992194,0.000087515786,0.0000715622,0.00016959138,0.00005253821,0.0003993701],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004002798,0.00020719273,0.00039408254,0.00017906766,0.000030499445,0.00004364138,0.0002450005,0.00009621793,0.000016234884],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00023650778,0.00017764354,0.00007466708,0.00015954945,0.000031082338,0.00012584479,0.000015269836,0.0006622553,0.0000048344446],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000066032335,0.000026102958,0.00004449334,0.0018250233,0.00018401598,0.00028287756,0.0012086416,0.0610058,0.9202096,0.0013564267,0.001747314,0.012043663],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0020045363,0.00050731545,0.00045180993,0.030994123,0.0002897493,0.0018184582,0.0000399951,0.5464382,0.3345967,0.000109080276,0.08041389,0.0023361119],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000811703,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00017338524,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.58561295,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00035062656,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000109121676,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7244093},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2041889299","doi":"10.1021/ie0108301","title":"Hydrodynamic Characteristics in an External Loop Airlift Bioreactor Containing a Spinning Sparger and a Packed Bed","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Sparging; Packed bed; Porosity; Airlift; Materials science; Tortuosity; Mechanics; Bioreactor; Atomic packing factor; Bubble; Spinning; Chromatography; Composite material; Chemistry; Physics; Crystallography","score_opus":0.06817660559597694,"score_gpt":0.28348137618741265,"score_spread":0.2153047705914357,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2041889299","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99870807,0.0002852415,0.000079391706,0.000028394443,0.00021018462,0.00020435022,0.000024461331,0.0002215478,0.00023836968],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989514,0.00008351466,0.000086165805,0.000003731289,0.00060882804,0.000042537158,0.00002756,0.00009585953,0.00010040191],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9978066,0.000031153086,0.00046193833,0.00039984056,0.00040142794,0.000899006],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990823,0.00016195721,0.00003128327,0.0003383847,0.00006947021,0.00031654976],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007090105,0.00030432077,0.00038140488,0.00024231168,0.000077155986,0.00020916096,0.00028520718,0.00037710796,0.0001026794],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00034814802,0.0003530824,0.000047003796,0.0004716053,0.00006997488,0.00022248262,0.00010722463,0.0016014205,0.000010544172],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000025473966,0.000042160522,0.0058341324,0.0001208602,0.000026634541,0.00017074139,0.0003213907,0.0040090024,0.9842057,0.00002952279,0.00003977353,0.0051745935],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012251672,0.00006162245,0.0013576914,0.00042602696,0.000007694872,0.000037262966,0.000085985215,0.9657173,0.030279715,0.000008632745,0.00035096062,0.00044190916],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000507156,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000046316463,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9617083,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002964693,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000031813775,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998921},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2041919336","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450780302","title":"Gas hold‐up in bubble columns: Operation with concentrated slurries versus high viscosity liquid","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Slurry; Surface tension; Viscosity; Particle (ecology); Dispersion (optics); Population; Chromatography; Chemistry; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Materials science; Thermodynamics; Mechanics; Physics; Optics; Geology","score_opus":0.004238938700729118,"score_gpt":0.15826151214503967,"score_spread":0.15402257344431056,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2041919336","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9986329,0.0003400322,0.00027560798,0.00013753682,0.0002800647,0.0000638236,0.000005650805,0.00002292405,0.0002414647],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99959314,0.000020855949,0.00021279184,0.000020889891,0.00010065386,0.0000023298344,0.00000459183,0.000026129394,0.000018627803],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99929136,0.000007085837,0.00022737357,0.000065375716,0.000111130066,0.0002977005],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99957645,0.000034358174,0.00001955165,0.00009668948,0.00004195952,0.00023096544],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001229732,0.00012405959,0.0001704777,0.00007129232,0.000041691983,0.00007652686,0.00017237187,0.00006554625,0.00010106058],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000023085793,0.00010364269,0.000030618696,0.00017837969,0.000039108803,0.00015441906,0.0000036052177,0.00034789386,0.0000039220226],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008884157,0.0000027759286,0.000026382553,0.000016212849,0.0000414713,0.000054157652,0.00033291723,0.9488849,0.0497526,0.0003874623,0.0001181588,0.0002941037],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003021019,0.00023856957,0.0002456602,0.0004051318,0.00005810392,0.00018746007,0.000052913543,0.8524926,0.14039893,0.000030432519,0.0023405186,0.0005287046],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0018794198,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0030865136,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.09639237,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003373582,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001697171,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.42264262},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2042444522","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20028","title":"Liquid flow in impeller region of an unbaffled agitated vessel with an angularly oscillating impeller","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Impeller; Mechanics; Oscillation (cell signaling); Amplitude; Rotation (mathematics); Particle image velocimetry; Slip factor; Flow (mathematics); Head (geology); Materials science; Physics; Turbulence; Optics; Geometry; Geology; Chemistry; Mathematics","score_opus":0.006902365637280511,"score_gpt":0.1669171246890466,"score_spread":0.1600147590517661,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2042444522","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9976458,0.0002756358,0.0016936531,0.00004316493,0.00014234461,0.00006332636,0.000002915257,0.000024020412,0.00010912399],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9971152,0.000010434089,0.0026851697,0.0000150181,0.00010681722,0.0000010641813,0.0000039783263,0.000055595177,0.0000067395717],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989876,0.000014018051,0.0003892319,0.00009605913,0.00016025887,0.0003528004],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99920976,0.000033328284,0.00006653119,0.00019591892,0.00011139554,0.00038304288],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019755,0.00017275738,0.0002760497,0.00024593956,0.000039999606,0.000024006069,0.00026161055,0.00009751185,0.000008146244],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005732015,0.00013890862,0.000055324675,0.00033299634,0.00005615286,0.0002658437,0.000007905993,0.0004268751,5.306251e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000044140375,0.0000082711285,0.00013597895,0.000037890037,0.000046379788,0.00035563842,0.0018386209,0.79389423,0.20321032,0.000056513363,0.000056736382,0.00031530083],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007045348,0.00019793994,0.00040472148,0.00023424653,0.000018868954,0.0009107329,0.00006830069,0.963342,0.033714417,0.000021033089,0.00010638252,0.00027682085],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00081177865,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007090682,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.16949591,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018936553,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00019057615,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5664529},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2042900749","doi":"10.1002/cjce.21628","title":"Effect of impeller type on continuous‐flow mixing of non‐Newtonian fluids in stirred vessels through dynamic tests","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Impeller; Slip factor; Mechanics; Materials science; Mixing (physics); Non-Newtonian fluid; Flow (mathematics); Agitator; Inlet; Newtonian fluid; Axial compressor; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Physics; Gas compressor","score_opus":0.00523872206471868,"score_gpt":0.19346734513483324,"score_spread":0.18822862307011456,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2042900749","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9970833,0.000542513,0.0013153723,0.00002544866,0.0004589586,0.000104417064,0.0000074684067,0.000012474768,0.0004500301],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979135,0.000013000705,0.0019675337,0.000007048246,0.000038375943,0.0000014217306,0.0000015060306,0.000047331265,0.000010299151],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99895364,0.000015711203,0.00047556128,0.000083910185,0.00013921948,0.0003319472],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99934477,0.0001483677,0.00007799823,0.00019020824,0.000067965295,0.00017070025],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00035772417,0.00019013102,0.00042673713,0.00019842536,0.000015098363,0.000010714447,0.00031566762,0.00011260781,0.000021507192],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016692937,0.00015469722,0.00010666437,0.0002858191,0.000050268154,0.000084914696,0.000012830387,0.0004231962,0.0000018694733],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006030141,0.000010589261,0.00035577954,0.0002685076,0.00010331931,0.000059693888,0.0016377126,0.15164311,0.8441253,0.00008206202,0.00007929262,0.0015743697],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00083827163,0.00037018716,0.00078171975,0.0009722557,0.000052680683,0.000058619265,0.000016585343,0.62763673,0.3688723,0.000059845337,0.00008882752,0.00025197823],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007274676,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00026519404,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.47599363,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019156217,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000101106634,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.63083696},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2042987275","doi":"10.1080/10020070312331344600","title":"Two-dimensional investigation of forced bubble oscillation under microgravity","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Progress in Natural Science Materials International","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Volume of fluid method; Bubble; Mechanics; Surface tension; Compressibility; Computation; Kinematics; Physics; Oscillation (cell signaling); Classical mechanics; Mathematical analysis; Mathematics; Algorithm; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.00847769917619193,"score_gpt":0.2550438730181135,"score_spread":0.24656617384192156,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2042987275","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9967209,0.00019610008,0.00013311651,0.000042117645,0.0023282312,0.00012498486,0.00001100705,0.000040909174,0.00040262708],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.991082,0.0000043593445,0.00880663,0.000018821805,0.000033657223,0.000011480003,0.000022862692,0.000008091769,0.000012058785],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99896,0.000022275182,0.00027781987,0.00017487486,0.00037129995,0.00019372307],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99965596,0.00002223932,0.00006237267,0.000085062784,0.00013774545,0.000036592934],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006088839,0.00009509242,0.00010628858,0.00021662079,0.000046572757,0.000082168604,0.00021035234,0.000036174682,0.000047798003],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000479355,0.00008821645,0.000019976243,0.00030916525,0.000249237,0.00035443576,0.00004418091,0.00006646444,0.0000035930682],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008367066,0.000008713196,0.012587234,0.000014274156,0.000006548189,8.5441064e-7,0.00004874392,0.013318978,0.9311555,0.042130757,0.000008030309,0.00071202544],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005714496,0.0000142373265,0.039774362,0.000083915096,0.0000034137286,0.000017851817,0.000018961413,0.07714981,0.87193674,0.010190665,0.000034996145,0.00020361753],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000019220322,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000011148722,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.06383083,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016250274,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005791037,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.35973626},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2043213914","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450810319","title":"Bubble Distribution in Shear Flow of Highly Viscous Liquids","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Buoyancy; Mechanics; Shear rate; Materials science; Nozzle; Shear (geology); Shear flow; Viscosity; Thermodynamics; Physics; Composite material","score_opus":0.003283424042821598,"score_gpt":0.15767906700417372,"score_spread":0.15439564296135214,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2043213914","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9892313,0.0008611061,0.0091825295,0.00006684321,0.00031107897,0.000041624695,0.000013676347,0.000011764974,0.00028009666],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99915427,0.000008097758,0.00075296225,0.000006507899,0.000050409755,8.8974747e-7,0.00000268426,0.000019111978,0.000005064071],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993178,0.0000067113274,0.00029172277,0.00004294948,0.000096416945,0.00024434843],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996144,0.000036139376,0.00002621002,0.000096298674,0.00004254609,0.00018441782],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002501354,0.00009275939,0.00016916502,0.00009272206,0.000014716328,0.000016574682,0.00014312842,0.000066273526,0.000012184572],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012567431,0.0000809013,0.000060104776,0.00019361533,0.000023167986,0.00006176866,0.0000037259013,0.00029254807,0.0000010580677],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000024539845,0.0000034034674,0.000055850393,0.000040145776,0.00002156094,0.000025235919,0.00015172802,0.87300956,0.12375889,0.002562165,0.00016030921,0.0002087087],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00052321266,0.000037674796,0.00019742778,0.0002728,0.000024529329,0.00017833056,0.000019420297,0.74722403,0.24774522,0.0002881061,0.003234302,0.00025497025],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00029213578,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00014247645,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12578553,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00027532142,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001223542,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.32990593},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2043953603","doi":"10.1016/j.cep.2010.04.002","title":"Heat transfer and bubble dynamics in a three-phase inverse fluidized bed","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering and Processing - Process Intensification","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Fonds Québécois de la Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies","keywords":"Bubble; Heat transfer; Fluidized bed; Mechanics; Dynamics (music); Inverse; Phase (matter); Three-phase; Thermodynamics; Materials science; Physics; Mathematics; Geometry","score_opus":0.007549760912624369,"score_gpt":0.22116199773716566,"score_spread":0.21361223682454128,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2043953603","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9750856,0.00048643342,0.023676677,0.00009616873,0.00013806221,0.00013718763,0.000006048545,0.00030041288,0.00007342245],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976043,0.00006187361,0.0021154883,0.000025356054,0.00004759398,0.00004776753,0.0000420881,0.00005269919,0.0000028335414],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99904203,0.0000024978585,0.00028428412,0.00029595854,0.00010234946,0.00027286093],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99960715,0.000032545617,0.000006370156,0.00013078436,0.00009725387,0.0001259012],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014886308,0.00022603248,0.00023577662,0.00014292005,0.00004463534,0.00008907616,0.000097026146,0.00019761467,0.0000031431482],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011017524,0.00023628099,0.000022578313,0.0002654984,0.00006739355,0.00022669343,0.000015302974,0.0004885463,9.1635644e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000022778428,0.000030471601,0.00014578983,0.0007438074,0.000008956375,0.0000026513026,0.0005415178,0.0010799199,0.9823668,0.000430017,0.0000051903935,0.014622106],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00069388933,0.000010826264,0.000031190204,0.00014134453,0.000015145159,0.00002947112,0.000084252126,0.87954545,0.11896864,0.00019409499,0.00003445835,0.00025125672],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000012631926,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000028786331,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.87846553,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000057286652,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000022251626,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9635259},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2044152058","doi":"10.1016/j.nucengdes.2006.03.015","title":"A study on the effect of gas flow rate on the wave characteristics in two-phase gas–liquid annular flow","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nuclear Engineering and Design","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":94,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan; Ontario Tech University","funders":"Canadian Space Agency","keywords":"Mechanics; Mass flux; Materials science; Volumetric flow rate; Flow (mathematics); Mass flow rate; Momentum (technical analysis); Two-phase flow; Wave height; Mass flow; Thermodynamics; Physics","score_opus":0.008674234260394934,"score_gpt":0.20011687407442755,"score_spread":0.19144263981403262,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2044152058","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9926502,0.00005031279,0.006351637,0.000041274867,0.00014847532,0.00046109527,0.000010185624,0.00011567939,0.00017112818],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994802,0.00001372854,0.00031149067,0.000020264106,0.000072301795,0.00002422496,0.0000027178112,0.00006780134,0.0000073055317],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.999157,0.00009569159,0.0002219984,0.00015884714,0.00012497086,0.00024145086],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992019,0.00045364082,0.000022801507,0.0002734143,0.000012598514,0.000035659006],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007449014,0.00022224663,0.00024818516,0.00009697522,0.00005669486,0.00004825856,0.000106568135,0.000043824883,0.000010377903],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000081005346,0.00014426203,0.000046501467,0.00014855064,0.000017204782,0.00003193517,0.000020476817,0.0002673507,0.000009176099],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00025467642,0.00010422476,0.000042447475,0.00006309081,0.000055829634,0.00009675717,0.0006754203,0.94211704,0.053338386,0.0010436454,0.00031516943,0.0018933305],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008886507,0.0009841718,0.0006320793,0.00010036818,0.000019512137,0.0000047604044,0.000035133566,0.99309224,0.0039515886,0.000011620238,0.0001236626,0.0001561868],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000013184259,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000012824621,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.050975244,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000036092835,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003553882,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5882835},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2044371797","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450810315","title":"Measurement and Correlation of Critical Gas and Liquid Velocities for Complete Circulation of Solid Particles in External Loop Airlift Bubble Columns","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Dimensionless quantity; Inflection point; Bubble; Airlift; Pressure drop; Mechanics; Materials science; Thermodynamics; Circulation (fluid dynamics); Analytical Chemistry (journal); Aqueous solution; Chromatography; Chemistry; Physics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.01558646427411863,"score_gpt":0.19808455771604966,"score_spread":0.18249809344193102,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2044371797","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96099687,0.0011821717,0.03761518,0.00005022951,0.00007855013,0.000057374058,0.0000067906344,0.0000028546747,0.000009989795],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984087,0.0000060518582,0.0015495681,0.000004372637,0.000018492148,0.0000017451763,2.568312e-7,0.000010554746,2.8584006e-7],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99944514,0.0000072509574,0.00027540966,0.00003773404,0.000096869764,0.00013759996],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99965155,0.00007494649,0.000033167067,0.0000395159,0.00009478256,0.00010604473],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032518944,0.000061301034,0.00014890636,0.000074083415,0.00001749739,0.000010153578,0.000039595412,0.00003657693,0.0000018021606],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00025155005,0.00005941057,0.000025453424,0.00005038737,0.000052378335,0.000056712586,0.0000030292076,0.000097113305,2.8010614e-8],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001391955,0.000005178721,0.0005536966,0.00025239857,0.000025231375,0.0000025197298,0.00057065283,0.3329667,0.65784067,0.0075324685,0.0000064258843,0.0002301631],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00047825056,0.000053282245,0.001482862,0.00037677496,0.00003216593,0.000054606146,0.000053005355,0.9163905,0.079804786,0.0011491808,0.000022430646,0.00010217021],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00012595936,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000220453,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5834238,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000087194996,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000060513277,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.24226928},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2044540562","doi":"10.1016/j.cherd.2008.09.013","title":"A novel geometry for solids drawdown in stirred tanks","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Process Safety and Environmental Protection","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":41,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Baffle; Turbulence; Drag; Drawdown (hydrology); Mechanics; Turbulence kinetic energy; Vortex; Impeller; Materials science; Geology; Geotechnical engineering; Thermodynamics; Physics","score_opus":0.00837922661384332,"score_gpt":0.179861796010621,"score_spread":0.17148256939677767,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2044540562","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.3821631,0.00031603465,0.616519,0.00003596241,0.00011987903,0.0005318683,0.000035010424,0.000075753924,0.00020338001],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988528,0.00035876242,0.00046204362,0.000013040187,0.00003503478,0.00013444049,0.000023774759,0.000021693339,0.00009841368],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99946004,0.0000027050507,0.00014835023,0.00015228352,0.000069988004,0.0001666264],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998856,0.000007632567,0.00001664384,0.00005347882,0.0000018258564,0.000034812267],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000680583,0.000106180945,0.00010271843,0.00006953617,0.00012541846,0.000007916819,0.000034446817,0.000077846715,0.000008919302],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000005964883,0.00011503403,0.000022239248,0.00007837969,0.000038905055,0.00015583508,0.000014017841,0.00012118616,0.0000024373078],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00044273213,0.00027280473,0.0022616514,0.0008607584,0.00005562724,0.0000062705117,0.0019927707,0.6631188,0.27524292,0.000079212565,0.000014927348,0.055651527],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012153445,0.00008528662,0.011236098,0.00003862422,0.0000066012153,0.00007206896,0.00015118238,0.98278564,0.0029594072,0.00025348848,0.00094330433,0.00025297573],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000017745882,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000010714853,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6166897,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000094971954,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003604437,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.46909517},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2044683149","doi":"10.1016/j.oceaneng.2008.04.006","title":"Numerical modelling of deep sea air-lift","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ocean Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":49,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Barrick Gold Corporation","keywords":"Mechanics; Lift (data mining); Inlet; Computation; Computational fluid dynamics; Volumetric flow rate; Materials science; Marine engineering; Airflow; Flow (mathematics); Engineering; Environmental science; Mechanical engineering; Computer science; Physics","score_opus":0.008222276843005829,"score_gpt":0.16038999330779607,"score_spread":0.15216771646479024,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2044683149","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.2977299,0.00052077346,0.7001159,0.000004234146,0.00021321261,0.00004384507,0.0000031767354,0.0003153233,0.00105362],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9843789,0.00011894981,0.015317467,0.0000066309212,0.00007761932,0.0000015007862,0.0000067233264,0.000069305446,0.000022928562],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99923235,0.0000029236505,0.00022420989,0.0001249961,0.00013427746,0.00028123244],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99966407,0.000029183935,0.000014710875,0.00017947459,0.000023603558,0.00008894418],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000053158758,0.00016095204,0.00020486629,0.00010404011,0.000031583895,0.0000044204708,0.00012153077,0.000064158616,0.000010573398],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00000933378,0.00018325608,0.00007852529,0.00018819915,0.000012651192,0.000093089824,0.000018541105,0.0001620524,0.000010048978],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000011394012,0.0000071836766,0.0003259683,0.00007358322,0.000024762589,0.000015952985,0.00018549811,0.99772227,0.00094833627,0.0004315631,0.000054756812,0.00020895948],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00012545729,0.000010277351,0.00022648022,0.000026940916,0.0000063155258,0.000029311082,0.000006385584,0.99645144,0.0023848128,0.000011745278,0.0005314997,0.00018935096],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009722032,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.733886e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.68664896,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004170492,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006600228,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7472966},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2044713045","doi":"10.1002/cjce.21875","title":"On the solution of the dynamic population balance model describing emulsification: Evaluation of weighted residual methods","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Residual; Population; Galerkin method; Applied mathematics; Mathematics; Method of mean weighted residuals; Spectral method; Spectral space; Collocation (remote sensing); Orthogonal collocation; Transient (computer programming); Population balance equation; Mathematical optimization; Algorithm; Computer science; Collocation method; Finite element method; Mathematical analysis; Physics","score_opus":0.027178526454079303,"score_gpt":0.2389036294341298,"score_spread":0.21172510298005048,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2044713045","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9577982,0.0003221178,0.040937845,0.00047719505,0.00020425268,0.0001653341,0.000004114262,0.00000802424,0.00008294549],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99600387,0.0000030367714,0.0039146803,0.000013209699,0.000034851342,0.0000061523324,0.0000022453692,0.000018201423,0.0000037268928],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990905,0.0000544833,0.00036725606,0.000054291584,0.0002763023,0.00015720137],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992142,0.00014410148,0.00012535541,0.00021800013,0.00023010622,0.000068244495],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010109689,0.0000950897,0.00013556743,0.000081367696,0.000057080615,0.00002086155,0.00028553887,0.000062876694,0.000013624804],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003252584,0.00005764028,0.00007423992,0.00019409183,0.000035129073,0.00009309264,0.0000097662605,0.000275258,4.800403e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000011132328,0.0000015152693,0.000019994019,0.000012180734,0.000021377706,5.4124225e-8,0.00015740178,0.71630937,0.28012136,0.0019897022,0.000046052766,0.0013199053],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00010357415,0.0000046007667,0.0009717845,0.00012963815,0.00004061907,0.0000067236774,0.000010186539,0.95729405,0.039051253,0.00232824,0.0000016308102,0.000057708497],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00039319947,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000096557305,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.24107009,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003392012,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010291383,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.23505025},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2044810719","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2003.11.004","title":"Determination of In-line process viscosity using static mixers","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Viscosity; Static mixer; Mixing (physics); Materials science; Newtonian fluid; Mechanics; Drop (telecommunication); Process (computing); Pressure drop; Non-Newtonian fluid; Power-law fluid; Line (geometry); Process engineering; Thermodynamics; Mechanical engineering; Computer science; Composite material; Physics; Engineering; Mathematics","score_opus":0.02579533614977933,"score_gpt":0.2442941440803817,"score_spread":0.21849880793060236,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2044810719","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9020737,0.000049380633,0.09755921,0.00000930983,0.00009060319,0.00013594588,0.0000020371542,0.000016514407,0.000063327985],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9916261,0.00002947156,0.008305847,0.000006620202,0.000009252236,0.000005160412,0.000009115807,0.000007949088,4.792041e-7],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99947697,0.000006709618,0.00017783452,0.00007202305,0.00018194958,0.00008451373],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998678,0.000002289252,0.000028636901,0.000036812904,0.000045277415,0.000019187339],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015105463,0.00006653111,0.00007875177,0.00009486673,0.000023026296,0.000012337554,0.000023334695,0.000022560118,0.0000023954592],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000008597961,0.00007219755,0.000011037466,0.00010100996,0.000011371132,0.00020975033,0.0000041008484,0.00003566175,3.498595e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002803423,0.00008423983,0.0080538755,0.0007319506,0.000022794919,0.0000018907425,0.003363024,0.58053064,0.3251205,0.0001971752,0.000001599329,0.081864305],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010830597,0.000047373363,0.0064294613,0.00023370863,0.000014604017,0.0000014374775,0.0002414049,0.934078,0.057163607,0.00060472346,0.0000013827662,0.00010124321],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000036666326,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00011730376,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.35354736,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016925106,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000019129508,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.29441306},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2044819372","doi":"10.1021/ie0491701","title":"Liquid Backmixing and Phase Holdup in a Gas−Liquid Multistage Agitated Contactor","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Backflow; Contactor; Chemistry; Residence time distribution; Chromatography; Liquid phase; Phase (matter); Liquid liquid; Mechanics; Range (aeronautics); Analytical Chemistry (journal); Thermodynamics; Materials science; Inlet; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.05315928542872487,"score_gpt":0.31672380893775604,"score_spread":0.26356452350903115,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2044819372","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99747324,0.0005781249,0.00010625229,0.00010261723,0.0001604315,0.00029111013,0.00004976079,0.00028348973,0.0009549527],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986717,0.0001394527,0.000115223906,0.0000049350556,0.0006753717,0.000058534497,0.000042244956,0.00009407308,0.00019843914],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9978071,0.000027480479,0.0004554266,0.00038844676,0.00039219772,0.0009293546],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990023,0.00025517677,0.000021956517,0.0003175044,0.00008704393,0.00031601745],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00083032827,0.0003013208,0.00033809908,0.00023958946,0.000069534006,0.00013581189,0.0002798372,0.00038664215,0.0001048394],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00045039065,0.0003555602,0.00005531049,0.0005733427,0.00006237525,0.00022632601,0.00013024553,0.0015632901,0.000016315842],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016858746,0.000054254935,0.000026628688,0.00011581497,0.00003220418,0.000085128515,0.00020028921,0.025531568,0.97151494,0.000021445632,0.00031432108,0.0019348143],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0041946955,0.00014089621,0.000015042594,0.00031014965,0.0000066026732,0.00002177144,0.00009108168,0.384589,0.59592855,0.0000015093177,0.014243036,0.0004577172],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006826144,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000011817159,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.37558642,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00044930176,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007339472,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998896},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2044941912","doi":"10.2118/2006-079","title":"Stability of Microbubble Based Drilling Fluids Under Downhole Conditions","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian International Petroleum Conference","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Microbubbles; Drilling fluid; Viscosity; Rheology; Pulmonary surfactant; Sizing; Materials science; Petroleum engineering; Drilling; Geology; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Composite material; Ultrasound; Engineering","score_opus":0.010535228285902918,"score_gpt":0.1994881599802755,"score_spread":0.18895293169437258,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2044941912","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.90461314,0.000054315304,0.037387773,0.00032788044,0.0005752931,0.000056609817,0.00071049505,0.000062593645,0.056211878],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99852175,0.0000040608093,0.0007202301,0.00006869158,0.00006700682,0.000010417329,0.00029894596,0.000016320886,0.00029257202],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992618,0.000009291086,0.00023491093,0.00014545099,0.00012739126,0.00022117804],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99948674,0.000037249694,0.000025573025,0.00015763532,0.00017393896,0.00011888011],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007516552,0.00011178721,0.00011760225,0.00020495101,0.00005101298,0.00005209259,0.00021379092,0.000059579634,0.0011873719],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000012305081,0.00013462358,0.00004844482,0.000078906014,0.00006461124,0.000094453084,0.000009960929,0.00010762648,0.000022974884],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000369134,0.000024762558,0.007289104,0.000036119676,0.000048728114,0.000008099504,0.000031588424,0.7043869,0.17747599,0.10833394,0.0022796367,0.00008147577],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00032375904,0.000012395784,0.0115571795,0.000051340146,0.000010164299,0.000002917598,0.00004619189,0.96729076,0.010521705,0.001689593,0.008274332,0.00021968948],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.028679516,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.13061503,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.26290387,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00034991954,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00028137333,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997257},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2045037880","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20696","title":"Liquid circulation hydrodynamics in an external loop airlift reactor","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Airlift; Mechanics; Circulation (fluid dynamics); Bubble; Loop (graph theory); Draft tube; Tube (container); Materials science; Thermodynamics; Physics; Chemistry; Engineering; Mechanical engineering; Mathematics; Bioreactor","score_opus":0.010079504184690726,"score_gpt":0.1731178227116116,"score_spread":0.16303831852692088,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2045037880","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99521035,0.00024118961,0.00391574,0.000017597818,0.00034639196,0.00004099127,0.000002413658,0.000022605169,0.0002027366],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989033,0.0000038950966,0.000877803,0.000015366746,0.00015789391,0.0000012205932,0.0000015352018,0.000037123962,0.0000018932342],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992264,0.000007141187,0.00031088653,0.0000656676,0.00010625719,0.0002836668],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999437,0.000020472911,0.000037986094,0.00014238287,0.00004272157,0.00031948826],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021447748,0.0001230488,0.00015182262,0.0001890984,0.000017670938,0.000029988665,0.00027011265,0.00008695427,0.000022870287],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004275832,0.00011051609,0.00005848253,0.00014221459,0.000021962645,0.00020211909,0.0000069310095,0.00041384893,0.0000022364634],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001690881,0.000009641153,0.0011429866,0.00003454127,0.0000305798,0.00014079678,0.0013978695,0.4989527,0.49586815,0.0016522227,0.000011107214,0.000742502],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00022614888,0.000033824985,0.002563134,0.00012664104,0.00001478692,0.00013287646,0.0000125723955,0.9829052,0.013567408,0.00015791647,0.000053798285,0.00020568215],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00073661306,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012521346,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.48395252,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00030235876,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000092959446,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.45067155},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2045142101","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450810316","title":"A Method for the Detection of Defluidized Zones in Slurry Bubble Columns","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Sparging; Slurry; Bubble; Thermistor; Ceramic; Chemistry; Heat transfer; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Materials science; Chromatography; Mineralogy; Thermodynamics; Mechanics; Composite material; Physics","score_opus":0.006463237118177441,"score_gpt":0.19289541119035628,"score_spread":0.18643217407217882,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2045142101","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.48117286,0.003516449,0.51425195,0.00013677067,0.0005724761,0.00020641691,0.000007009614,0.000015580345,0.00012050305],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.990838,0.000012043852,0.009047816,0.000012237242,0.000052797153,0.00000766109,1.913766e-7,0.00002323169,0.000006023604],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.999378,0.000011142315,0.00028212336,0.000042266693,0.0000727078,0.00021374915],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994222,0.0002842058,0.000037399102,0.00009371142,0.000055506924,0.00010698677],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00058513717,0.00008493392,0.00017160641,0.000103407016,0.00003634701,0.000019628338,0.00015754817,0.00005854408,0.0000051067736],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00024980257,0.00006225925,0.00008872125,0.00018973404,0.00001852743,0.00004353823,0.0000032819814,0.00023061121,2.1510965e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000070235815,0.000002559791,0.00001604908,0.00005555765,0.00005842593,0.0000037868244,0.00030971295,0.35335216,0.64175993,0.0025836262,0.000041329793,0.0018098229],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00053736457,0.000020734438,0.000053386782,0.000081663646,0.00004231947,0.00010512249,0.000044013235,0.72231245,0.27259585,0.0005782486,0.0035021703,0.00012667158],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006776144,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014852441,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.50966513,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015419984,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010815414,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.25388584},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2045499036","doi":"10.1021/ie049654x","title":"Power Characteristics in Coaxial Mixing:  Newtonian and Non-Newtonian Fluids","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":126,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Impeller; Mechanics; Coaxial; Newtonian fluid; Non-Newtonian fluid; Dispersion (optics); Power consumption; Mixing (physics); Reynolds number; Power (physics); Physics; Materials science; Thermodynamics; Mechanical engineering; Optics; Engineering; Turbulence","score_opus":0.025903080961531096,"score_gpt":0.2665182706136173,"score_spread":0.24061518965208623,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2045499036","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99670184,0.00015620315,0.00043745927,0.00016183268,0.00043690813,0.00023314178,0.00003052915,0.00018446741,0.0016576219],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99867815,0.00008515634,0.00028311912,0.00000455597,0.0006172305,0.00005075592,0.000024509376,0.00009329252,0.00016322249],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9978534,0.000012459809,0.00042872995,0.00036601358,0.00042529922,0.000914074],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991533,0.00009790429,0.000018297458,0.00034101043,0.00007069067,0.00031880214],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006465534,0.0002991519,0.00034849707,0.00021658602,0.000084052015,0.00017438851,0.00031412553,0.00047519847,0.000055673958],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002842641,0.00035545297,0.000053729997,0.00057887996,0.000083116814,0.00013171013,0.0001426767,0.0016125871,0.000015974536],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001962573,0.000029532486,0.0008864202,0.00013313378,0.00002659746,0.00012639677,0.00022964679,0.014009515,0.9836208,0.000041284322,0.0001655201,0.0007115131],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.007893326,0.00018760502,0.0066749263,0.0016364554,0.00002139777,0.00015441058,0.00028584397,0.34650874,0.6159216,0.00012081539,0.018703047,0.0018917911],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010124026,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004849745,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.36769918,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00049662706,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015948091,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99988973},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2045669855","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20354","title":"Interfacial area for concurrent gas–liquid upflow through packed bed","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Packed bed; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Environmental science; Chromatography; Chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.008500961247491605,"score_gpt":0.19246915341397014,"score_spread":0.18396819216647853,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2045669855","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9820817,0.0004231232,0.014217029,0.00029666492,0.0026798055,0.00010726813,0.00002578704,0.000035714624,0.00013286948],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99810493,0.0000047192043,0.0012854316,0.00003713298,0.00051104615,0.00000571998,0.0000043218906,0.000042476328,0.0000042328943],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99915683,0.000002761729,0.0003033021,0.00007083755,0.00009969334,0.00036660148],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993558,0.00007870908,0.00004024061,0.00012977509,0.00008953709,0.00030591994],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017635705,0.0001575292,0.000211245,0.00007022557,0.000048085858,0.000057509467,0.00031283594,0.000103394836,0.000030356658],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016934951,0.00012908895,0.00013675712,0.000086252854,0.000047127567,0.00009903621,0.00001042712,0.00060080684,0.0000021863639],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013893599,0.0000040985365,0.000008009377,0.000055855326,0.00012200099,0.000014310572,0.00064370263,0.020370882,0.9707648,0.005381624,0.0012433314,0.0013774985],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009814891,0.0000897948,0.000008082914,0.00017373261,0.00010048959,0.00018915688,0.000019768207,0.44950908,0.5161598,0.0006638381,0.031626493,0.00047831156],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000990677,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005800531,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.45460504,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013016228,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012836585,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5264095},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2045839245","doi":"10.1016/j.cherd.2011.01.008","title":"Design rules for suspending concentrated mixtures of solids in stirred tanks","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Process Safety and Environmental Protection","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":70,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Impeller; Slurry; Materials science; Suspension (topology); Particle (ecology); Agitator; Particle size; Phase (matter); Chemical engineering; Composite material; Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.01803304700928022,"score_gpt":0.19229745576773297,"score_spread":0.17426440875845275,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2045839245","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.2007191,0.00042592056,0.79777837,0.0000050168533,0.00009152531,0.0006778493,0.000020435666,0.000045309713,0.00023645393],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986836,0.00022080402,0.0009786779,0.0000023034893,0.000009474445,0.00006306696,0.000015339612,0.000015200569,0.000011556655],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99954426,0.000009740445,0.0001604328,0.000108841814,0.000046190456,0.00013054402],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99989897,0.000009694441,0.000027877544,0.000038265047,0.0000023409136,0.00002283638],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010225144,0.00008820967,0.00010260243,0.000040451552,0.00004566223,0.0000050448475,0.00003390715,0.00006347147,0.000017515034],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000044892386,0.00009098061,0.000014805835,0.000036735404,0.000035599493,0.000117481395,0.00000827634,0.00007191116,6.495878e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0015417944,0.00020521707,0.0019042603,0.0013090554,0.000100286095,0.000004368223,0.006067819,0.35512856,0.5879236,0.00041633027,0.000005424227,0.045393284],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007790643,0.00012542125,0.0026092415,0.00006962225,0.000012718475,0.0000061798155,0.0003511786,0.89650685,0.09747109,0.0018601629,0.00003117659,0.0001773134],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000019488494,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000044417143,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.79796445,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000048853668,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000028946502,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.37100816},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2045883071","doi":"10.1007/bf02873334","title":"An experimental study of bubble behavior in a temperature gradient near a heated wall under low-gravity and microgravity conditions aboard NASA DC9 airplane","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Microgravity Science and Technology","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Canadian Space Agency; National Aeronautics and Space Administration","keywords":"Bubble; Marangoni effect; Mechanics; Marangoni number; Materials science; Temperature gradient; Convection; Aspect ratio (aeronautics); Thermodynamics; Physics; Meteorology; Composite material","score_opus":0.004896673214822784,"score_gpt":0.23963000900687065,"score_spread":0.23473333579204786,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2045883071","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9986161,0.000503105,0.0000063787775,0.00003905459,0.00008320133,0.00056477584,0.00003279697,0.00014462341,0.000009986477],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99919385,0.00003679127,0.0006437871,0.00002558012,0.0000024631531,0.0000655232,0.000011971536,0.000015828122,0.000004187732],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99860084,0.000031758613,0.00025565774,0.0004832646,0.00016714547,0.00046135607],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993846,0.00001175374,0.00003608852,0.0003487629,0.000096243246,0.00012254609],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003477551,0.00021812625,0.00030511987,0.00051516737,0.0002888424,0.000104452316,0.00023225437,0.00019022271,0.0000034737116],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000011684992,0.00022102271,0.000021634556,0.0012958231,0.0010513193,0.0001932504,0.000069748996,0.00028749282,7.193871e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000051891234,0.000998733,0.05823975,0.000012130922,0.000008220679,0.000025582318,0.0005068971,0.000049348448,0.93928283,0.0004693158,0.000010276329,0.00039174344],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004905597,0.0035631517,0.20890647,0.00010270464,0.000096008975,0.0008492185,0.012438927,0.004086393,0.76220036,0.0011550124,0.00038255734,0.001313593],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00047935842,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011995981,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.17708245,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009563202,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000058561138,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9013045},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2046101269","doi":"10.1080/0986440490472599","title":"CFD SIMULATION AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF FLOW IN PACKED BUBBLE COLUMNS","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Communications","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Bubble; Packed bed; Mechanics; Computational fluid dynamics; Drag; Volumetric flow rate; Flow (mathematics); Volume (thermodynamics); Materials science; Thermodynamics; SPHERES; Chemistry; Chromatography; Physics","score_opus":0.013296365612520953,"score_gpt":0.24977990566884858,"score_spread":0.23648354005632763,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2046101269","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99533486,0.00047342476,0.0037074746,0.000013759799,0.000029698758,0.00016260396,0.0000030102337,0.00010085386,0.00017433154],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99197036,0.000016512531,0.007935608,0.0000021430305,0.000006725373,0.000033836724,0.000013038428,0.00002034151,0.0000014132227],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99956095,0.000004446154,0.00019608479,0.00007668884,0.00005742382,0.00010440804],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99946666,0.000065940585,0.000011628863,0.0004028106,0.000014609105,0.0000383688],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000047154197,0.00008399882,0.00012375099,0.00006686706,0.000019865467,0.0000102484855,0.00017558284,0.000043565346,0.000001911196],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000025007888,0.00010428466,0.00001632367,0.0001622725,0.00002195332,0.00006179349,0.00009903433,0.00013782435,8.970837e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000011394814,0.00017678586,0.00008999336,0.00001487046,0.000009733627,3.0601964e-7,0.0010585377,0.87246525,0.1256379,0.00046751313,0.0000011119433,0.0000768309],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007032702,0.000024519362,0.00043006722,0.00003769204,0.0000052178134,8.8884957e-7,0.00021276218,0.98689055,0.011519569,0.000040159357,0.0000313386,0.0001039676],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000038487422,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001383609,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.11442527,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009048507,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000542503,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4252605},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2046297013","doi":"10.1002/cjce.21726","title":"Statistical analysis of effects of experimental variables on mass transfer coefficient in a novel hybrid bubble column using Box–Behnken design","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Box–Behnken design; Mass transfer; Mass transfer coefficient; Reciprocating motion; Bubble; Coefficient of determination; Materials science; Mechanics; Chromatography; Response surface methodology; Mathematics; Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Statistics; Physics","score_opus":0.009555703950737085,"score_gpt":0.19636551368700564,"score_spread":0.18680980973626854,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2046297013","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6375541,0.00042628087,0.36178917,0.000002935321,0.00012666201,0.0000636359,0.000016404356,0.000003895199,0.000016888598],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9921548,0.0000015972856,0.0077705183,0.000006708119,0.000035482917,0.0000020540256,0.0000021441563,0.000025912997,8.0818995e-7],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99900526,0.000015547488,0.00040062604,0.00006186955,0.00017613803,0.00034056942],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99928784,0.00027153717,0.000034500277,0.000106672785,0.00003526126,0.00026420475],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00034397282,0.00013489719,0.00038086658,0.00036056509,0.000016688164,0.000013434591,0.00016013825,0.000052832253,0.000013339476],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000778398,0.00012184249,0.00009827741,0.0003631935,0.000039384915,0.000059367023,0.000005444565,0.00022300244,1.6809383e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000073496785,0.000020790665,0.0000657556,0.00004065574,0.00014532357,0.0000069466987,0.00021801885,0.5260184,0.4728566,0.0006046098,0.0000032514179,0.000012305671],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00028381223,0.00002530639,0.00011419076,0.00011611115,0.0001466529,0.000011466974,0.000012689428,0.5836854,0.41551265,0.000003706284,0.0000049584705,0.000083055485],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006802651,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000028635895,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.35460064,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005341946,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00011962632,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.49685925},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2047032569","doi":"10.1155/2012/620463","title":"CFD Modeling of Gas-Liquid Bubbly Flow in Horizontal Pipes: Influence of Bubble Coalescence and Breakup","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Syncrude","keywords":"Turbulence; Mechanics; Sauter mean diameter; Bubble; Breakage; Coalescence (physics); Computational fluid dynamics; Local Bubble; Breakup; Multiphase flow; Entrainment (biomusicology); Population; Population balance equation; Volume of fluid method; Physics; Thermodynamics; Materials science","score_opus":0.0034913994293429996,"score_gpt":0.19049863706683703,"score_spread":0.18700723763749402,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2047032569","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9690884,0.0007982169,0.029740551,0.000014134281,0.00026461782,0.000025769967,0.0000070768383,0.0000117799655,0.00004949893],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.993224,0.0001351694,0.006490797,0.0000043132286,0.00012528387,9.759808e-7,0.0000015267525,0.000017492255,4.4009136e-7],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99897915,0.0000034182883,0.00052031997,0.000057840636,0.00027128827,0.00016795871],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99957013,0.000056482255,0.00007648693,0.000057136524,0.00015308266,0.00008667958],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019461813,0.00011071176,0.00022490103,0.00018425577,0.0000031236966,0.000008455862,0.00021060501,0.00006255408,0.0000031736486],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010776145,0.00011524546,0.000059900878,0.00008232958,0.000020060694,0.000332096,0.0000482739,0.00022049322,2.9918897e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000021565727,0.000016497721,0.0003982024,0.00004423786,0.00002745221,0.0000038136068,0.0001696433,0.51302034,0.48586622,0.00015659737,0.000001471054,0.0002739258],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00034874456,0.000023901672,0.00016674763,0.00044994536,0.000008102584,0.00011087505,0.000019359502,0.85607284,0.14266124,0.00002644543,0.000013664503,0.0000981404],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000136351955,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.3022516e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.34320498,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000906012,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016397516,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.46995732},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2047458531","doi":"10.1016/j.ces.2015.03.028","title":"Bubble breakup in co-current upward flowing liquid using honeycomb monolith breaker","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Science","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Western University","keywords":"Bubble; Breakup; Circuit breaker; Coalescence (physics); Mechanics; Materials science; Monolith; Nozzle; Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Physics; Electrical engineering; Engineering","score_opus":0.01695659820079967,"score_gpt":0.24497337089324045,"score_spread":0.22801677269244078,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2047458531","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9734764,0.00054282625,0.02426568,0.00001086508,0.00084040355,0.00009469457,0.0000040943587,0.0003206195,0.0004444354],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9936626,0.000010378122,0.0061492133,0.000009628825,0.00010952239,0.000009411579,0.0000035358692,0.000041759027,0.0000039833217],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983039,0.0000036608506,0.00028515403,0.00033866832,0.0003818092,0.0006868143],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99926573,0.000028759534,0.000011661022,0.00028230832,0.000057992947,0.00035355167],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00043392088,0.00022903513,0.00023550587,0.00025517496,0.000037000642,0.0000875651,0.0004182738,0.00007497261,0.0000032179387],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014253044,0.0002460421,0.000049291648,0.0008737353,0.0000944141,0.00039932702,0.00010940836,0.00033363953,0.00001696868],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000035938297,0.000012602485,0.000075268035,0.0000392093,0.0000027587369,0.000006540339,0.00022743062,0.39253205,0.606449,0.0002125751,0.000031036663,0.0004079274],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00027040887,0.000009843506,0.000095289084,0.00012865981,0.00000383987,0.00002325608,0.000015256572,0.85480213,0.14391762,0.000025712392,0.0004132318,0.0002947634],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002870031,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.416973e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4625314,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006168828,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010983443,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99999917},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2047559078","doi":"10.1016/j.ces.2006.08.016","title":"Heat transfer coefficients in a high-pressure bubble column","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Science","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":43,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Bar (unit); Bubble; Heat transfer; Heat transfer coefficient; Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Mechanics; Atmospheric pressure; Materials science; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chromatography; Meteorology; Physics","score_opus":0.002471673776166733,"score_gpt":0.16654084146200168,"score_spread":0.16406916768583496,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2047559078","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96311283,0.00021244603,0.035320595,0.000013790069,0.0003643333,0.00008732877,0.0000068795116,0.0002616228,0.0006201545],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986498,0.0000035867106,0.0012145044,0.000009011128,0.000047363224,0.000012906009,0.000004245472,0.000023892322,0.0000346933],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988545,0.0000014042736,0.00018278082,0.00024356981,0.00024513798,0.00047256888],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99968654,0.0000231225,0.0000012347136,0.00017735097,0.000023928264,0.00008780816],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014384603,0.00013998474,0.0001477429,0.00014202842,0.000030486466,0.00005788808,0.00031046988,0.00006571393,0.000012221931],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000025290039,0.00015429195,0.000029151206,0.0007896202,0.000081739825,0.00014360463,0.000031994066,0.00017981432,0.000008869657],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[5.217444e-7,0.000009628456,0.000052370735,0.000022636556,9.1846744e-7,0.0000025737356,0.000014847165,0.4813721,0.5177769,0.0006708255,0.000031667274,0.000045039927],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00021818327,0.000003925711,0.00076944963,0.000038574057,0.0000029975085,0.000003649422,0.0000017596124,0.7904988,0.20780507,0.00001908689,0.0004671296,0.00017139387],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006745675,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000029637713,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3099718,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000111027206,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000020227199,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6291843},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2048711751","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20252","title":"The effect of sodium dodecyl sulfate on mean drop size in a horizontal mixer–settler extractor","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Pulmonary surfactant; Impeller; Drop (telecommunication); Sodium dodecyl sulfate; Chromatography; Chemistry; Extractor; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Materials science; Thermodynamics; Physics; Biochemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.001906411470249529,"score_gpt":0.1613295049756276,"score_spread":0.15942309350537806,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2048711751","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99836755,0.0002393704,0.00006209567,0.00013040325,0.0008762278,0.00008175431,0.0000069012776,0.000013057088,0.00022265434],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99964976,0.0000056317253,0.00009764197,0.0000059336694,0.00019049969,0.000002942777,6.662538e-7,0.00003932767,0.0000076224323],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990475,0.000015670365,0.00033820886,0.00006923101,0.00016602648,0.00036336746],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988214,0.00064366515,0.00004968427,0.0001929451,0.000032077187,0.00026024212],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006596148,0.00016696335,0.00024106633,0.00009635118,0.000041185336,0.000047945818,0.00037902448,0.00010449867,0.000012164761],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00034854433,0.00010607499,0.000119098295,0.00014230028,0.00005680145,0.00005803418,0.000010659641,0.0009838234,0.0000024136825],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000033837397,0.0000027714932,0.00016745245,0.000045131692,0.000047849324,0.000042172407,0.00016493273,0.014446638,0.9831913,0.00062544213,0.000100018966,0.001132439],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0014390113,0.00019551601,0.001789618,0.00033902726,0.000048764934,0.000211278,0.00001547951,0.15639383,0.83692807,0.00016042539,0.0020712058,0.00040777703],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004277484,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0017428411,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.14626326,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015065318,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000751347,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.43256128},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2048794186","doi":"10.1021/ie049649t","title":"Effect of the Surfactant Concentration on the Rise of Gas Bubbles in Power-Law Non-Newtonian Liquids","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":52,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Bubble; Pulmonary surfactant; Drag coefficient; Shear thinning; Drag; Terminal velocity; Power law; Rheology; Chemistry; Work (physics); Mechanics; Thermodynamics; Materials science; Physics","score_opus":0.018898762176218973,"score_gpt":0.2678917791967304,"score_spread":0.24899301702051144,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2048794186","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9976939,0.00009558747,0.000017961762,0.00012759883,0.00017868078,0.00034230994,0.000017361452,0.000028988075,0.0014976292],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99981093,0.000019792216,0.000006056076,0.0000011005393,0.00008889943,0.000022050943,0.000002559551,0.000029745572,0.000018879497],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986544,0.000049264316,0.00031418132,0.00014994979,0.00045028547,0.0003818972],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99903196,0.00044089122,0.000029561576,0.00037936406,0.000057747828,0.00006046215],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012957599,0.00016116336,0.00022102961,0.00003760736,0.000048420217,0.000027263408,0.0003884387,0.00021070085,0.0000163298],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00040399612,0.00011148631,0.00007907892,0.00047753527,0.00011771278,0.000043352524,0.00006556125,0.00092048745,0.0000016760596],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000035942274,0.0000136791305,0.00012004912,0.00009343001,0.000016396261,0.0000030977376,0.000087445595,0.28263676,0.7166026,0.00027966202,0.00002142412,0.000089472516],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008255488,0.000108576685,0.00007340504,0.00048456492,0.000004463536,0.000001931689,0.000020586784,0.037488904,0.9607364,0.000016424505,0.00014654681,0.0000926801],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00021945605,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000060558004,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.24514787,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00026397026,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000091913585,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.454628},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2049474787","doi":"10.1002/aic.690471103","title":"Internal annular wall jets: Radial flow in a stirred tank","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AIChE Journal","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Mechanics; Dimensionless quantity; Jet (fluid); Flow (mathematics); Turbulence; Physics; Cylinder; Flow velocity; Thermodynamics; Geometry; Mathematics","score_opus":0.005380922668113224,"score_gpt":0.1947477892503489,"score_spread":0.1893668665822357,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2049474787","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.970137,0.0014490254,0.02337542,0.00036138273,0.0011645127,0.000060055663,0.0000031740224,0.00007221075,0.0033772436],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99536175,0.0007939458,0.0028205873,0.00011724459,0.00048008867,0.000002112405,0.0000026044404,0.000036125748,0.00038555707],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991184,0.000022172264,0.00029263174,0.0000891415,0.00015175338,0.0003258957],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996916,0.000021831958,0.000027943708,0.00010283084,0.00002773227,0.00012804447],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00027872028,0.00012733806,0.00015440772,0.00016737281,0.000042046337,0.00008701832,0.00018291696,0.000074315874,0.00017112441],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003286928,0.00012381437,0.0000748004,0.00014751061,0.000012276068,0.0001975907,0.000022519178,0.0005243174,0.000039572726],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00019100637,0.00017437848,0.0503979,0.000055244793,0.00030899406,0.0046435846,0.0035983822,0.7245833,0.05177035,0.00023434748,0.030031445,0.13401105],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011632933,0.000048053196,0.010311285,0.00010967402,0.000011886981,0.0011560796,0.000054088934,0.9529487,0.00015125205,0.00052797137,0.03329313,0.00022460285],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000040051367,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001368019,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.22836536,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016939982,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000023859297,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5049004},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2049843321","doi":"10.1002/bit.10426","title":"Determination of biomass detachment rate coefficients in anaerobic fluidized‐bed‐GAC reactors","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biotechnology and Bioengineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Biomass (ecology); Fluidized bed; Chemistry; Bioreactor; Anaerobic exercise; Particle size; Chromatography; Pulp and paper industry; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Ecology; Biology; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.007403972165927805,"score_gpt":0.18944558283068397,"score_spread":0.18204161066475616,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2049843321","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98363024,0.0017698689,0.013898722,0.000060447033,0.0002318907,0.00011528813,0.0000057664474,0.00025077863,0.000037007976],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9966543,0.00085699535,0.0024380714,0.0000039253046,0.0000087858325,0.000007866322,0.000004103461,0.000019322224,0.0000066488797],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992941,0.0000071063196,0.00024328529,0.00016324024,0.000051708248,0.0002405656],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99975926,0.000021825212,0.000024425559,0.00015193455,0.000010796381,0.000031761436],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011095201,0.0001497336,0.0001869806,0.00045494057,0.00002176763,0.000008489583,0.0001008491,0.0002576022,0.000006412937],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000017158229,0.00015476091,0.000027413655,0.00037036193,0.00005253246,0.00006261762,0.000039585666,0.00014263239,0.0000033151289],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000019561562,0.00002294941,0.00041083922,0.000085876585,0.0000142515755,0.000010949878,0.00006285539,0.00078492466,0.984045,0.0006036653,0.000008013992,0.013948719],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00034059165,0.000046215497,0.0005747368,0.000060600625,0.000009426788,0.000009689348,0.000021289543,0.45378715,0.54466796,0.000016510658,0.00029111048,0.00017468553],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009454371,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000012676918,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.45300224,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000052082276,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000017335226,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6310967},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2049961649","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20477","title":"CFD simulation of free liquid surface motion in a pilot plant stirred tank","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Impeller; Computational fluid dynamics; Free surface; Mechanics; Turbulence; Flow (mathematics); Materials science; Volume of fluid method; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.014947559222490072,"score_gpt":0.16999147321432054,"score_spread":0.15504391399183046,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2049961649","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9915809,0.00028147773,0.0076823095,0.000028460627,0.00021151915,0.000049786464,0.000013204579,0.00001348324,0.00013885458],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991796,0.0000034911811,0.00073920895,0.000004772062,0.00004647734,4.4701287e-7,0.0000017325463,0.000021796097,0.0000024487422],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99933976,0.000006098341,0.0003148789,0.00004525813,0.00009706874,0.00019692429],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995826,0.000052709504,0.00004565049,0.00012351363,0.00004330734,0.00015221917],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020804015,0.000094204195,0.00015907772,0.00012339352,0.000011581904,0.0000090610465,0.00021719403,0.00005211518,0.000015867196],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010620532,0.000083637904,0.00004187065,0.00014201019,0.000018149904,0.000084497085,0.000008944389,0.00024900993,6.6726966e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001563477,0.0000037414472,0.000052720192,0.000026266696,0.000016072852,0.000013771852,0.00038453282,0.8682099,0.13101529,0.00018472977,0.00001870208,0.000058624053],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00030557558,0.000050140177,0.00034406656,0.000134133,0.000011881304,0.000023944553,0.000008722492,0.9357557,0.06311699,0.00010687063,0.000038256047,0.00010369301],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001113045,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00077813613,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0678983,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017430211,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000057790316,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3410655},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2050585585","doi":"10.1002/aic.10958","title":"Simulation of mixing dynamics in agitated pulp stock chests using CFD","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AIChE Journal","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":64,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Computational fluid dynamics; Fluent; Mechanics; Simulation; Computer science; Materials science; Physics","score_opus":0.011366408731571487,"score_gpt":0.23499418837309347,"score_spread":0.22362777964152197,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2050585585","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9018852,0.00023289988,0.09709167,0.000005596133,0.00020630012,0.000042595384,0.0000030509739,0.000024796733,0.0005079015],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9967874,0.000009908347,0.0030526016,0.0000031170762,0.00009243359,3.5702445e-7,0.0000074250916,0.000028043502,0.00001869799],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.999214,0.000017941102,0.00036644164,0.00006628305,0.00012937452,0.00020598956],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99967,0.00007233494,0.00007417465,0.000076094795,0.00007232202,0.000035071964],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021974565,0.00010454329,0.00015369579,0.000268149,0.000037140726,0.000034195742,0.000075455384,0.000071713854,0.000009852161],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000037640202,0.00010689403,0.00006202565,0.00029975618,0.000011076178,0.00018430997,0.00001377621,0.0002503292,0.0000011991452],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004123188,0.00001405115,0.012852323,0.000016763637,0.000013395369,0.000012306621,0.000050301667,0.9737246,0.0121803805,0.00012106827,0.000008334856,0.0010023253],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003063681,0.000012622254,0.013365902,0.00008159264,0.000010373366,0.000026619557,0.000033656113,0.98514754,0.00027804545,0.00062070607,0.000009246407,0.00010731244],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009228566,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00014265745,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.094902225,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004472995,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002493548,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.43590122},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2050637032","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450800319","title":"Distribution of the free and oil‐trapped air bubbles in simulated broths containing fungal biomass","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Dirección General de Asuntos del Personal Académico, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México","keywords":"Bubble; Biomass (ecology); Volume (thermodynamics); Mass transfer; Air bubble; Oil droplet; Castor oil; Materials science; Fermentation; Phase (matter); Environmental science; Chemistry; Chromatography; Pulp and paper industry; Mechanics; Thermodynamics; Composite material; Biology; Food science; Physics; Ecology","score_opus":0.005097917046992209,"score_gpt":0.15418331477515654,"score_spread":0.14908539772816432,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2050637032","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99792284,0.0012237353,0.00036134684,0.00021854202,0.00014303988,0.000029567445,0.000017903169,0.000010715075,0.00007231934],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9998641,0.000010459542,0.00005184219,0.000010082165,0.00004091146,5.0361007e-7,0.0000010886127,0.000016447533,0.0000045770184],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993557,0.000008098927,0.00027280455,0.000047850714,0.00009444668,0.00022113699],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99958986,0.00007382227,0.000041175233,0.00012211608,0.000034646426,0.00013835244],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015413221,0.0001001759,0.00015961609,0.000071024966,0.000030095365,0.000018239203,0.0002275859,0.000070827366,0.000006328015],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014802623,0.00007352197,0.000054232285,0.00020132093,0.000046099045,0.000060250004,0.000015704243,0.00029719112,2.000447e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008372495,0.00000652229,0.0018896265,0.00012764866,0.00008644526,0.00003991335,0.0007034337,0.7182479,0.27610102,0.0009206504,0.00016173346,0.0017067164],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006139681,0.000015070445,0.0019256655,0.0002825295,0.000021392974,0.00009719279,0.00002004861,0.96077317,0.035767287,0.000078937584,0.0002612969,0.00014342504],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00058808003,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00038532307,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.24252526,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015487918,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000030656698,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2998139},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2050776396","doi":"10.1155/2013/487121","title":"Experimental Investigation of an Index-Mismatched Multiphase Flow Using Optical Techniques","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Advances in Optical Technologies","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Attenuation; Bubble; Wavefront; SIGNAL (programming language); Turbulence; Multiphase flow; Acoustics; Optics; Flow (mathematics); Wavefront sensor; Physics; Materials science; Computer science; Mechanics","score_opus":0.010078221298495713,"score_gpt":0.26286271019588786,"score_spread":0.25278448889739213,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2050776396","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9339519,0.0011177653,0.06305164,0.000030169424,0.00007550903,0.00025274762,0.0000019312938,0.0011114192,0.0004068767],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.65212125,0.000099859455,0.3476954,0.00000430452,0.0000069651123,0.00005265764,0.0000025501668,0.000016078055,9.0866325e-7],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99910575,0.0000073887854,0.00031207196,0.00019160839,0.00012491539,0.0002582439],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995992,0.000052565785,0.000027026439,0.00025012356,0.000032548196,0.0000385405],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007588517,0.00016158565,0.00022303282,0.00018279528,0.000024350205,0.000023407893,0.00022494068,0.00021256597,0.000006222251],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010327293,0.00015403876,0.000030239582,0.00023611623,0.0003372285,0.000732959,0.00009384653,0.00022673659,0.0000024035492],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000064235965,0.000056409328,0.00087297696,0.000055076714,0.0000068575932,0.0000072722873,0.00010821039,0.05398134,0.8373106,0.0059933546,0.0000018419171,0.10159963],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00011572174,0.00005065427,0.000081125,0.00004388739,0.000001745244,0.0000037228135,0.00064164965,0.4730169,0.5211276,0.00478771,0.000011962181,0.000117330645],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000013262602,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000035853773,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.41903555,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000089749235,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008231885,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.62815183},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2051164168","doi":"10.1002/apj.530","title":"One‐dimensional single rising bubble at low Reynolds numbers: solution of equation of motion by differential transformation method","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus; University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Reynolds number; Bubble; Mechanics; Acceleration; Motion (physics); Partial differential equation; Differential equation; Added mass; Flow (mathematics); Classical mechanics; Physics; Mathematics; Mathematical analysis; Turbulence","score_opus":0.006344599965296971,"score_gpt":0.19445261335677863,"score_spread":0.18810801339148167,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2051164168","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5630981,0.00006448789,0.43629763,0.000020941594,0.00034701242,0.000046294303,0.000007934009,0.000023808447,0.00009379511],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9731764,0.000011688317,0.026634306,8.500681e-7,0.000103561986,0.0000012896179,0.00003422172,0.00003320572,0.0000044796234],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985232,0.000013597276,0.00076952495,0.00009947507,0.0003782652,0.00021596217],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993222,0.00008903108,0.0002193441,0.00011852932,0.00015746875,0.000093421775],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003335151,0.00016198638,0.00033855,0.00017599712,0.000021744627,0.000015377947,0.00011306538,0.00019390842,0.000026121827],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007389641,0.00017866722,0.00016039576,0.00017017238,0.000024717017,0.00034031156,0.00001751968,0.00038485412,0.000001024475],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000026223028,0.00006694919,0.0000088681,0.00016620339,0.000057375077,4.451378e-7,0.00037593397,0.049879935,0.9460224,0.0001868012,0.000049337923,0.0031595286],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00033932345,0.000024844436,0.00002259855,0.0001230372,0.000033543685,0.000024547648,0.000016468808,0.39936557,0.5998567,0.00007701159,0.000022365813,0.00009401892],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000050182693,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.242169e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4100783,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016159369,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014500273,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7285838},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2051278639","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450800214","title":"A simple correlation for gas bubbles rising in power‐law fluids","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Non-Newtonian fluid; Power law; Newtonian fluid; Bubble; Simple (philosophy); Physics; Mechanics; Power-law fluid; Thermodynamics; Statistical physics; Classical mechanics; Mathematics; Philosophy; Statistics","score_opus":0.006378599063562378,"score_gpt":0.17053920351065188,"score_spread":0.1641606044470895,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2051278639","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95311886,0.002470568,0.042083837,0.00027673424,0.0006667278,0.00016093718,0.000012956967,0.000044114426,0.0011652806],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985301,0.0000048276256,0.0012757517,0.000035661295,0.00010991607,0.000002484305,0.0000017341874,0.00003284548,0.000006659981],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99928415,0.0000036961235,0.0002834725,0.00005348366,0.00008103112,0.00029415873],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99956524,0.00009177508,0.000026210408,0.00008714444,0.000039337978,0.00019030453],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018212727,0.00010683805,0.00015328405,0.0001296515,0.00003969209,0.000050270148,0.00015440371,0.00007264215,0.000025349944],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000090250825,0.00009681619,0.00007311012,0.00013634494,0.00002074691,0.00010828316,0.0000047060416,0.00026979868,0.000001959306],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002567139,0.0000030207302,0.00007258225,0.000033686098,0.0000263575,0.000018893466,0.00048101717,0.9052679,0.08815695,0.004620303,0.00064604596,0.00067065615],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00028825417,0.000014276278,0.000028189286,0.000084869986,0.000010941426,0.00006113181,0.000010723714,0.98895943,0.0074807694,0.0005490215,0.002384458,0.00012790707],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00033756805,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005401106,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.083691545,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00027997812,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000026078975,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.39480498},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2051434784","doi":"10.1080/01919510701451441","title":"Impinging-Jet Ozone Bubble Column Modeling: Hydrodynamics, Gas Hold-up, Bubble Characteristics, and Ozone Mass Transfer","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ozone Science and Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Ozone; Bubble; Contactor; Mass transfer coefficient; Sauter mean diameter; Mass transfer; Jet (fluid); Chemistry; Flow (mathematics); Analytical Chemistry (journal); Mechanics; Thermodynamics; Chromatography; Physics; Nozzle","score_opus":0.006076217927241721,"score_gpt":0.18431107690761242,"score_spread":0.1782348589803707,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2051434784","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7374302,0.00064998463,0.26018628,0.000051327832,0.0007681193,0.00016216679,0.000016673666,0.00031425763,0.00042096342],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9951094,0.00090980646,0.00357065,0.000038477225,0.00016271263,0.000010344944,0.000013301487,0.00008290555,0.00010244189],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.997428,0.000004563324,0.00046981403,0.0005474593,0.00046537668,0.0010847617],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99901223,0.000043698197,0.000022315251,0.0003367851,0.00015732287,0.00042766],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0013275926,0.00039327383,0.00041063793,0.00039527714,0.00029236553,0.000283793,0.0002874266,0.00014202396,0.000008794918],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009487635,0.0004350076,0.000052733416,0.000712734,0.0001694994,0.00062474393,0.00008642785,0.0003700039,0.000007644873],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000020767831,0.00003394664,0.0015283636,0.0004411265,0.00005774348,0.000057156514,0.0011102355,0.33366027,0.6541178,0.0033622275,0.000048253,0.0055620847],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00041954976,0.000045857378,0.0012167426,0.00011747198,0.000025498137,0.00005050558,0.000117961135,0.9954934,0.0014720465,0.0000594298,0.00043288938,0.00054864434],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007444305,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000036549463,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6618331,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001875467,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000049640952,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99981016},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2051454113","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2013.12.052","title":"Mass transfer in dual pipe bends arranged in an S-configuration","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; CANDU Owners Group","keywords":"Mass transfer; Reynolds number; RADIUS; Materials science; Inlet; Mechanics; Physics; Turbulence; Geology","score_opus":0.007047192519028926,"score_gpt":0.21746180257198652,"score_spread":0.21041461005295758,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2051454113","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.82915187,0.00013755805,0.16868131,0.0003141989,0.0005432821,0.000045829664,0.0000068054587,0.000010867567,0.0011082838],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999223,0.00021451648,0.0002668135,0.00006877564,0.00018572794,0.0000026981618,0.00000950245,0.000017160695,0.000011836648],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991313,0.000031441148,0.00038941033,0.00008877187,0.00022051707,0.00013851396],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997783,0.000033474487,0.000005062189,0.000045520854,0.00007392907,0.000063771],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00028145782,0.00011172988,0.00017530602,0.00030769792,0.000012238055,0.000054151744,0.00009304792,0.00007279712,0.000043333683],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000005576262,0.000105996856,0.0000530599,0.00006023857,0.00001637843,0.00037260595,0.000001579655,0.0002348772,0.0000010782595],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00023307047,0.0000820706,0.0075125485,0.000038772465,0.00007799202,0.0001439264,0.002066517,0.038689096,0.93190634,0.0069756014,0.000017493023,0.012256582],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0140142245,0.0007838194,0.08013305,0.00069751794,0.000075377866,0.00034704365,0.00059248816,0.80596626,0.08453,0.0075996094,0.004241883,0.001018739],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000016292408,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003104224,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.84737635,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005860312,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000140919565,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.43224266},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2051802503","doi":"10.1016/j.cherd.2013.06.025","title":"The confined impeller stirred tank (CIST): A bench scale testing device for specification of local mixing conditions required in large scale vessels","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Process Safety and Environmental Protection","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Syncrude","keywords":"Impeller; Turbulence; Mixing (physics); Mechanics; Reynolds number; Flow (mathematics); Materials science; Rushton turbine; Environmental science; Mechanical engineering; Physics; Engineering","score_opus":0.00965923844727539,"score_gpt":0.20236977820282467,"score_spread":0.19271053975554928,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2051802503","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.515773,0.00027889875,0.48208058,0.000094250274,0.000087932174,0.0012388394,0.000051037157,0.000048516173,0.00034696687],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989495,0.000082113555,0.00054479117,0.000007510734,0.000026867501,0.00027093344,0.000053945405,0.000020661411,0.00004363544],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991785,0.000013389223,0.0003232594,0.00017024974,0.00009715626,0.00021742123],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99971074,0.00006978856,0.00007015339,0.00009307613,0.000017258066,0.00003901257],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025718444,0.000114276874,0.00012036827,0.000048125556,0.00025543466,0.000026545313,0.000060621234,0.00007678974,0.000015781403],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000017392507,0.00010555068,0.00002367455,0.00013052247,0.00008864194,0.00022361953,0.0000196746,0.00011753178,0.0000039115807],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00024587035,0.00022035257,0.0023634774,0.0010020739,0.000053176555,6.230725e-7,0.0023447087,0.11341252,0.79131925,0.00021315731,0.000024483606,0.08880032],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007396013,0.00006276985,0.019397877,0.000088529625,0.000012174698,0.000006372077,0.0026314596,0.9606903,0.015031763,0.0009048002,0.000266628,0.00016768728],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005090372,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00010186251,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8472778,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009790316,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006199289,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.43042317},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2051844209","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20235","title":"Effect of impeller clearance on liquid flow within an unbaffled vessel agitated with a forward–reverse rotating impeller","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Impeller; Mechanics; Slip factor; Rushton turbine; Turbine; Tip clearance; Rotation (mathematics); Particle image velocimetry; Flow (mathematics); Materials science; Flow visualization; Acceleration; Physics; Vortex; Turbulence; Geometry; Classical mechanics; Mathematics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.0028044282881963755,"score_gpt":0.17700388550183083,"score_spread":0.17419945721363445,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2051844209","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9978762,0.00016915913,0.0013744198,0.00007879387,0.0002082314,0.00011772405,0.0000051105576,0.000034512417,0.00013582397],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981242,0.0000034328446,0.001651176,0.000050117767,0.00010767755,0.000001581359,0.0000024094745,0.00005071052,0.000008702355],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99893117,0.000021436237,0.00037650304,0.00010562553,0.00019608591,0.00036920392],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991421,0.0000878043,0.000089951165,0.00019897192,0.00008958931,0.00039157944],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00037560423,0.00023210284,0.00035144537,0.00016263509,0.000043790387,0.000038882736,0.00028066008,0.000090351416,0.000011345755],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012210837,0.00016605806,0.000096610696,0.00025514176,0.00003579265,0.00014573705,0.000004973392,0.0005457821,0.000002264879],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017987611,0.0000051072375,0.0000068079803,0.000058651352,0.00006953178,0.000050458464,0.00078700593,0.8318895,0.16539356,0.00008006206,0.00011532728,0.0013640856],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008944,0.0010096156,0.00005824109,0.00048186438,0.000051432915,0.000120295124,0.000016547354,0.82056445,0.17647879,0.000014173831,0.00006695025,0.00024324746],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00012752773,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007750681,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.011325089,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014208732,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010517153,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.67716515},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2052477967","doi":"10.1115/fedsm2003-45296","title":"New Chaotic Approach for Mixing Shear-Thinning Fluids in Stirred Tanks","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Mixing (physics); Chaotic mixing; Chaotic; Impeller; Mechanics; Shear thinning; Continuous stirred-tank reactor; Aqueous solution; Materials science; Chemistry; Computer science; Chemical engineering; Engineering; Physics; Composite material","score_opus":0.011823056110040555,"score_gpt":0.20653999522165378,"score_spread":0.19471693911161322,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2052477967","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0153010255,0.0005096575,0.9525585,0.000022746799,0.00038115337,0.000280515,0.0000013769593,0.00023269185,0.030712346],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.60763335,0.000016557791,0.38867265,0.00005304865,0.00006340715,0.000029756247,0.000009668346,0.00006545615,0.0034561432],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99910843,0.000009839197,0.00022949863,0.00019080837,0.000086758795,0.0003746623],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99968666,0.00004468253,0.00000927897,0.00015827965,0.000013934299,0.0000871457],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023279738,0.00015231536,0.00018230952,0.00012375254,0.000038843307,0.000048793252,0.000094941344,0.00009167611,0.00004058682],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000048268885,0.00015813079,0.000055248274,0.00020669465,0.000006558394,0.00010678044,0.000012605802,0.0001436159,0.0000058659384],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012262629,0.000052072093,0.0012642762,0.00038267608,0.0000701226,0.000009274449,0.0013505601,0.86982954,0.04086247,0.061365448,0.008723637,0.016077662],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006040773,0.00001602871,0.00016279197,0.000027224374,0.000006756931,0.000006057123,0.00012423706,0.9947069,0.0011387431,0.0005223534,0.0024524692,0.00023235467],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000048222813,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001624814,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5923323,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008390899,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000027871094,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.64483863},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2052657342","doi":"10.1002/cjce.21763","title":"Effect of solids loading on agitator just‐suspended speed","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Exponent; Agitator; Total dissolved solids; Range (aeronautics); Suspended solids; Total suspended solids; Materials science; Power law; Thermodynamics; Mathematics; Physics; Composite material; Statistics; Engineering","score_opus":0.0062662610035966555,"score_gpt":0.19738365122723553,"score_spread":0.19111739022363888,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2052657342","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9972988,0.0006281484,0.00026629592,0.000041353822,0.00076179847,0.000057646466,0.0000040209266,0.000020410722,0.0009215401],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994221,0.0000027834137,0.00014895982,0.000016272956,0.00035946237,6.3448573e-7,8.854557e-7,0.000040384795,0.000008544979],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991027,0.000012000379,0.0002823607,0.00004467887,0.00014895326,0.00040930737],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999164,0.00018146273,0.00004727849,0.00013261079,0.000035088557,0.0004395734],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004877439,0.00015424825,0.0002578958,0.00016208208,0.000026651358,0.00002314233,0.00023102225,0.00007694769,0.000029686886],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00019241705,0.00011721917,0.00012259965,0.00013829402,0.00002828354,0.00010249597,0.00000850587,0.00040201662,0.0000064321125],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000029272524,0.0000070127844,0.0003003218,0.00026524614,0.00020043773,0.00003134567,0.00070017384,0.22612144,0.76698357,0.0028332921,0.000820863,0.0017070603],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005155893,0.00009760877,0.00010289809,0.00027994064,0.000078620345,0.00015467686,0.000010933842,0.107762314,0.8900616,0.000024422749,0.000665533,0.00024582498],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007574001,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000011142823,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12307809,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024269274,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000483782,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4780059},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2053102155","doi":"10.1016/j.ces.2011.01.038","title":"Mass transfer and shear in an airlift bioreactor: Using a mathematical model to improve reactor design and performance","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Science","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":58,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"","keywords":"Computational fluid dynamics; Airlift; Mechanics; Impeller; Mass transfer; Bubble; Shear stress; Control volume; Fluid dynamics; Bioreactor; Mathematics; Engineering; Physics; Chemistry","score_opus":0.023332547465940694,"score_gpt":0.20774136214132566,"score_spread":0.18440881467538497,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2053102155","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6391874,0.000015886466,0.36058378,0.0000015442607,0.00002447199,0.00008525346,0.0000011592167,0.000062359526,0.000038166905],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.84137857,0.000005894704,0.15856811,0.000006987156,0.0000094759325,0.0000085510455,1.9504618e-7,0.00002130812,9.023013e-7],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99911094,0.0000018192918,0.00015692119,0.00025904304,0.0001248398,0.00034643343],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995727,0.000019486619,0.000003889634,0.0001497498,0.000016888318,0.00023729332],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023598886,0.00014694605,0.00014660895,0.00013529511,0.00002135176,0.000041611635,0.00015393423,0.00006196806,0.0000017374432],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003059858,0.00014352561,0.000011426665,0.00023456174,0.00008018809,0.00036736688,0.00003209955,0.00014526777,9.333162e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000044704448,0.000007830426,0.00004745971,0.000060856903,0.0000011861274,0.0000013061147,0.0008399122,0.06965732,0.9286365,0.00034802002,1.8067178e-7,0.00039496153],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008348403,0.000021216498,0.0001839279,0.000047409438,0.0000029797013,0.0000061405067,0.000007414226,0.7832578,0.21616755,0.0000688333,3.276909e-7,0.00015291954],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000028168404,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.216332e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.71360046,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007234802,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000020678359,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5852805},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2053531730","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450780127","title":"Flow patterns and oil—water dispersion in a 0.38 m diameter oscillatory baffled column","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","keywords":"Baffle; Dispersion (optics); Body orifice; Mechanics; Flow visualization; Oscillation (cell signaling); Amplitude; Dissipation; Flow (mathematics); Turbulence; Materials science; Degree (music); Mixing (physics); Oil droplet; Paddle; Range (aeronautics); Optics; Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Physics; Acoustics; Composite material; Engineering; Mechanical engineering","score_opus":0.0025454323051892183,"score_gpt":0.14003279604755453,"score_spread":0.1374873637423653,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2053531730","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99896425,0.00038707233,0.00015510409,0.00011921807,0.00015095258,0.000023230781,0.000005426449,0.000012583978,0.00018217925],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995144,0.000037085218,0.00024926025,0.000035601643,0.00009807335,0.0000013909053,0.0000014454936,0.00002809948,0.000034635486],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99932843,0.0000060259053,0.00021456809,0.00006458655,0.000085988606,0.00030040726],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995909,0.000028610131,0.000009359149,0.00009053879,0.000014301888,0.0002663355],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015039915,0.00011457629,0.00016151307,0.000112871494,0.000025318042,0.000048934307,0.00013100222,0.00006801111,0.00014541061],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000014280191,0.00008519511,0.00005026741,0.00006601288,0.000022386743,0.00008416656,0.0000073305405,0.00030824306,0.0000041020594],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015386422,0.0000071701893,0.0016959549,0.00016103016,0.00008296416,0.00021671355,0.0022903187,0.79193854,0.180122,0.000041854597,0.00026285634,0.023165174],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005403428,0.000016056983,0.00093703804,0.0002557757,0.000017342842,0.00017668109,0.0000147423625,0.9814824,0.013183042,0.000026828708,0.0030818032,0.00026797826],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00047837594,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008687692,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1895438,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017838858,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002791305,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.34741557},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2053564910","doi":"10.1016/j.ces.2006.01.014","title":"Predicting the sizes of toluene-diluted heavy oil emulsions in turbulent flow Part 2: Hinze–Kolmogorov based model adapted for increased oil fractions and energy dissipation in a stirred tank","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Science","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":51,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Natural Resources Canada","funders":"China Electronics Technology Group Corporation","keywords":"Breakage; Rushton turbine; Mechanics; Turbulence; Coalescence (physics); Dissipation; Sauter mean diameter; Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Chromatography; Materials science; Physics; Composite material","score_opus":0.006068802355769255,"score_gpt":0.19521392261336695,"score_spread":0.1891451202575977,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2053564910","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9386585,0.00021407621,0.060658444,0.000119633965,0.00009466406,0.00004815424,0.000032718766,0.000117641575,0.000056180255],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99080116,0.00001792421,0.008978833,0.000011912431,0.000031319083,0.00009731148,0.000023923078,0.000021677442,0.00001595308],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988704,0.000005904605,0.00034554972,0.00024679984,0.00020089891,0.00033049384],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99939406,0.00025405013,0.000034859946,0.00018781245,0.000052423937,0.00007677806],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024647082,0.00015495015,0.00018462214,0.00018443828,0.00006500347,0.000034766792,0.00018280502,0.00007302529,0.0000012692092],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00029250327,0.0001415733,0.000038615817,0.000633965,0.00008008377,0.0001775902,0.00003340941,0.00015102157,6.54113e-8],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007166253,0.000023688372,0.00009186797,0.000043138858,0.0000016621971,5.250622e-7,0.000046885252,0.70857334,0.29016888,0.00012852442,0.000009317274,0.0009049821],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00042935138,0.0000067553237,0.0005784797,0.00018588801,0.000007023098,0.0000017273682,0.000012161252,0.96402466,0.03452749,0.000039707895,0.000042425654,0.00014435263],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002455478,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000965861,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2556414,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016692794,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000617109,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5773192},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2054442540","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450840113","title":"Phase Inversion and Associated Phenomena in Oil-Water Vertical Pipeline Flow","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","keywords":"Inversion (geology); Geology; Petroleum engineering; Pipeline (software); Mechanics; Geophysics; Engineering; Seismology; Physics; Mechanical engineering","score_opus":0.00626550194697334,"score_gpt":0.16618764188032717,"score_spread":0.15992213993335383,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2054442540","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9986818,0.00038843177,0.00041741552,0.00019023762,0.00015573742,0.000016457087,0.0000030798442,0.000014444414,0.00013242206],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996148,0.00002568671,0.00016766407,0.000037623595,0.00011623427,6.1101554e-7,0.00000322208,0.00002087471,0.000013327675],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993307,0.0000058440146,0.00023148037,0.000051822408,0.000091641836,0.0002884883],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99957585,0.00003397773,0.000009015281,0.00006268608,0.00002841012,0.00029004912],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016161405,0.00010143702,0.00016241123,0.00012767837,0.00003426501,0.000017210816,0.000110534995,0.00006750625,0.000014232062],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007918127,0.00007540922,0.000037330232,0.000098825614,0.0000360136,0.000075475495,0.0000103672355,0.00035548236,0.000001981852],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002451783,0.00004130946,0.00018729716,0.00006870841,0.000091095986,0.00056729955,0.0023748572,0.40291813,0.5866708,0.00012269069,0.00093241665,0.0060008564],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010382504,0.000017554019,0.00002722095,0.00006674351,0.000011213983,0.00011441245,0.000005811001,0.9767084,0.02132601,0.00002300718,0.0005422864,0.00011904975],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00018151323,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00017712024,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5737903,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00025263568,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000048597183,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.30750987},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2054574686","doi":"10.1002/aic.690470106","title":"Generalized correlation for bubble motion","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AIChE Journal","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":76,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Reynolds number; Surface tension; Viscosity; Mechanics; Range (aeronautics); Newtonian fluid; Motion (physics); Thermodynamics; Maximum bubble pressure method; Viscous liquid; Function (biology); Mathematics; Classical mechanics; Physics; Materials science; Turbulence","score_opus":0.010448183643254685,"score_gpt":0.21553976508090672,"score_spread":0.20509158143765205,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2054574686","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.32603577,0.00026639085,0.67158604,0.00007044699,0.00068652787,0.00004680369,7.942986e-7,0.000044476066,0.0012627338],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9854997,0.00038537398,0.012744167,0.00005488371,0.000492996,0.00000464032,0.000008658174,0.00002432613,0.00078525866],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996487,0.0000058639275,0.00012387183,0.000038028364,0.00005874,0.00012478445],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99983907,0.000013492915,0.000020367968,0.00004491928,0.000039570143,0.00004260645],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015064988,0.00005128184,0.000058640944,0.00004648278,0.00007337021,0.000037832557,0.00003952078,0.000040902265,0.000045026907],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000015355134,0.0000492836,0.00004542231,0.000052299667,0.0000022687707,0.00011617404,0.0000034533157,0.00009707568,0.000012642239],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001994025,0.000015964672,0.002097557,0.000014541691,0.00004857417,0.000007935739,0.00018443272,0.8970904,0.048322983,0.0031967247,0.011911258,0.03708974],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00050423056,0.000016950456,0.0011720307,0.000010313737,0.000012780281,0.0001220031,0.000011158926,0.97969973,0.00031101986,0.0018826964,0.016185166,0.00007191501],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000024748167,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004735709,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.65946394,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000053476022,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005849743,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.20097269},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2054986918","doi":"10.1017/s0022112000002755","title":"A note on single bubble motion in surfactant solutions","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Fluid Mechanics","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":103,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Pulmonary surfactant; Mechanics; Range (aeronautics); Steady state (chemistry); Tracking (education); Materials science; Physics; Thermodynamics; Chemistry","score_opus":0.01697542683975345,"score_gpt":0.21136660267897842,"score_spread":0.19439117583922497,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2054986918","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6264145,0.0004856207,0.37056625,0.00017115462,0.0012481599,0.000068526926,0.0000038898693,0.000040543593,0.0010013671],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997469,0.0005729561,0.0017677218,0.000037380385,0.000096934804,6.6016077e-7,0.0000010862315,0.000023041157,0.000031191095],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991656,0.000015626936,0.00034539148,0.00006275352,0.00018187084,0.00022876897],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99967563,0.00003143797,0.00005432303,0.000104033374,0.00006488184,0.000069722],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003595556,0.00009792651,0.00016485313,0.00021057778,0.000034181714,0.000023048271,0.00009860635,0.00007412528,0.000019254381],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000051802668,0.00009496348,0.000078653204,0.0002072572,0.000002939941,0.0001421702,0.000013628993,0.00024071583,0.000012373401],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000025663114,0.00011761527,0.000015751313,0.000013085216,0.000016621623,0.00010036811,0.0001498502,0.40514883,0.58180183,0.006010091,0.00032283203,0.006277434],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00049946835,0.0001946455,0.000088040215,0.0001216755,0.000013138622,0.00015000081,0.00003886553,0.98753285,0.007095255,0.002175899,0.0019678795,0.00012229983],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000006177398,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000047389094,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.582384,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00028971623,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002295724,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.38724983},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2055763071","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450810311","title":"Gas Holdup in a Fiber Suspension","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Iowa State University","keywords":"Fiber; Suspension (topology); Volume fraction; Mass fraction; Fraction (chemistry); Materials science; Homogeneous; Flow (mathematics); Bubble; Volume (thermodynamics); Mechanics; Chemistry; Chromatography; Composite material; Thermodynamics; Mathematics; Physics","score_opus":0.00478150889293979,"score_gpt":0.15836774903819442,"score_spread":0.15358624014525463,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2055763071","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99709857,0.0007787617,0.00027147713,0.00008793356,0.00027659052,0.00003610888,9.174913e-7,0.000012690166,0.001436961],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992801,0.000005544719,0.0005928296,0.000019840263,0.000053937518,7.532523e-7,3.6390418e-7,0.000024160187,0.00002249911],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993935,0.0000061970554,0.00021223337,0.000042954736,0.00008114937,0.00026392992],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99960154,0.000041690022,0.000017049419,0.00009246211,0.000026416457,0.0002208598],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022672841,0.00009277558,0.00013154896,0.00013471769,0.00001678837,0.000028934377,0.00013314541,0.000057731155,0.000059245096],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011561677,0.00007671254,0.000051808776,0.00016548655,0.000015240531,0.000058850914,0.000003447387,0.000356398,0.000007131293],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000024702158,0.0000037894358,0.00016310962,0.00003664478,0.00003245329,0.00020780013,0.00036818293,0.7939598,0.19965935,0.0038817588,0.00066866115,0.0010159797],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0018242592,0.000048191785,0.0006707654,0.00075062626,0.000056968012,0.0018482567,0.000054755732,0.6957863,0.25259978,0.0017631731,0.043593068,0.0010038638],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00019968757,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00047388807,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.098173514,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021758152,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009005866,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.31282467},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2056139964","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20306","title":"A net draft tube slurry airlift bioreactor for 2,4‐D (2,4‐dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) pesticide biodegradation","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Airlift; Draft tube; Biodegradation; Bioreactor; Activated sludge; Tube (container); Pulp and paper industry; Textile; Chromatography; Waste management; Chemistry; Materials science; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Composite material; Engineering; Wastewater; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.004656657092178736,"score_gpt":0.17218584124307112,"score_spread":0.16752918415089238,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2056139964","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9782833,0.00054907706,0.018541552,0.00052966026,0.0016814256,0.00015880195,0.000038439433,0.00006499509,0.0001527589],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99494886,0.0000034321629,0.0043754317,0.000046458754,0.0005397474,0.0000072124335,0.000010105022,0.000060032056,0.000008709541],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990251,0.000003808757,0.000340878,0.00008930263,0.00013236294,0.0004085243],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990935,0.0001128188,0.000051895295,0.00018337209,0.00010604037,0.00045239093],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002520555,0.00018397247,0.00021600853,0.00016588852,0.000074933305,0.000093634,0.0003316186,0.00013123057,0.00003135078],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00032403762,0.0001522278,0.000121064826,0.00015485336,0.0000519235,0.00012227081,0.000009249106,0.0005998259,0.0000039995202],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006197017,0.0000037651478,0.000041939256,0.00005823678,0.00006011443,0.000012884423,0.0002809792,0.02064607,0.9743652,0.002210276,0.0006180226,0.0016963643],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000724642,0.000050724593,0.00020269993,0.00013154425,0.00011806381,0.00030931935,0.000027316588,0.71346706,0.26773602,0.000568028,0.016162345,0.00050221576],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00021306869,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005758034,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.70662916,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001387274,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00019806466,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.62076694},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2056248186","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450800416","title":"Using a New Interfacial Area Transport Equation to Predict Interfacial Area in Co‐current Jet Mixers","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Kerosene; Jet (fluid); Current (fluid); Mechanics; Mixing (physics); Heat transfer; Materials science; Momentum (technical analysis); Mass transfer; Convection–diffusion equation; Thermodynamics; Physics","score_opus":0.03543705588921764,"score_gpt":0.21228119788286673,"score_spread":0.1768441419936491,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2056248186","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9292852,0.0004925912,0.069026865,0.00012318099,0.00079955993,0.000105668885,0.000015803049,0.000025490994,0.00012563911],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99910384,0.000007154004,0.0005600578,0.000019967943,0.00026457882,0.0000016605362,0.0000028674588,0.000034982924,0.0000049116297],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99888885,0.0000060298084,0.00044764573,0.0000962244,0.00017132943,0.00038989907],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992651,0.000029891225,0.000039159328,0.00010642397,0.00003585425,0.00052356836],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017221112,0.00018806223,0.0002475306,0.0003251997,0.000027812073,0.000044094435,0.00027125175,0.00008123117,0.00007532727],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000081320766,0.0001710853,0.00009591869,0.00025269925,0.000019634837,0.0001285647,0.0000072850494,0.0005185459,0.0000038276376],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001052345,0.00000588482,0.00057067384,0.00003169081,0.000036678626,0.00003753434,0.0020262753,0.9272925,0.06600272,0.000046028723,0.00044154335,0.0034979298],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00041455167,0.000024821866,0.00016157098,0.00042956093,0.000027244592,0.00007154457,0.000018570881,0.98566693,0.011474795,0.000030060439,0.0014421343,0.00023824254],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00062974927,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001045772,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.069818616,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000662431,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00011306191,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6976656},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2056347018","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450810347","title":"Numerical Simulations of an Oscillating Internal‐loop Airlift Reactor","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Airlift; Mechanics; Turbulence; Computational fluid dynamics; Inlet; Flow (mathematics); Oscillation (cell signaling); Volumetric flow rate; Draft tube; Loop (graph theory); Physics; Chemistry; Engineering; Mathematics; Mechanical engineering; Bioreactor","score_opus":0.006009249704814876,"score_gpt":0.18584925869826127,"score_spread":0.1798400089934464,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2056347018","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9920318,0.00023450461,0.006843056,0.000032737444,0.0003300237,0.0000354772,0.00000613582,0.000019217223,0.0004670404],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977673,0.0000011906728,0.002070635,0.000013423945,0.000108018765,3.8559622e-7,0.00000120435,0.000032044445,0.000005752181],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992169,0.000011128592,0.00035438663,0.00005562437,0.00012521901,0.00023674408],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993031,0.00010116538,0.00005685162,0.00013595709,0.00007534592,0.0003275537],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001881461,0.00011294773,0.0001869508,0.000121971636,0.000027140783,0.000029964634,0.0002008004,0.00006198732,0.000034265446],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003062899,0.000095825955,0.00007873192,0.00017092441,0.000024977799,0.00011441958,0.000004211208,0.00033662852,9.63818e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000012651254,0.0000031435777,0.00013788037,0.000019842477,0.000038159687,0.000011622328,0.00021241019,0.8449291,0.15319578,0.0010502712,0.00002531125,0.00037521787],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00019856104,0.000021057378,0.000076184944,0.00009908603,0.000021308277,0.00013513656,0.000014564428,0.9238311,0.07434435,0.00013437205,0.00097133865,0.00015290447],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003036189,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00010348892,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07890204,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015079942,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00011192022,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3907669},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2056409323","doi":"10.1016/j.bej.2005.08.014","title":"Hydrodynamic and oxygen mass transfer in an external loop airlift bioreactor with a packed bed","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biochemical Engineering Journal","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":63,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Airlift; Mass transfer; Bioreactor; Packed bed; Mass transfer coefficient; Oxygen; Limiting oxygen concentration; Chemistry; Materials science; Chromatography; Superficial velocity; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Physics","score_opus":0.003214361163184218,"score_gpt":0.17069112387022078,"score_spread":0.16747676270703657,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2056409323","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9556616,0.0007781566,0.043186,0.00005059686,0.00009336234,0.00007513552,0.0000066009156,0.00012435601,0.000024193243],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9871359,0.00012941963,0.012415271,0.000018225031,0.00021160452,0.0000060200764,0.0000057853517,0.00006929816,0.000008464876],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99892914,0.0000073788988,0.00028875517,0.00018688726,0.0001739293,0.00041389102],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995276,0.00001806899,0.0000127801995,0.00013114636,0.000022971153,0.00028746165],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012467269,0.00025000118,0.00022728842,0.0001878813,0.000026440304,0.00008800029,0.00015035227,0.00012924855,0.00001716246],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009883121,0.0002245196,0.000048325146,0.00014486822,0.00003113772,0.00023500375,0.000011384571,0.000511337,0.0000028374925],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000024726305,0.000025371794,0.00035379894,0.00003641854,0.000026644866,0.000044349705,0.00014806763,0.055335738,0.94253695,0.000091390764,0.000011120142,0.0013653996],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012319287,0.000074514595,0.0023010022,0.00020341927,0.00002004308,0.00035761314,0.000021147782,0.95784,0.03735271,0.000021317417,0.00014489249,0.00043137532],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000032995874,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007880405,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.90518427,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013950592,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000017781987,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.91556436},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2056553728","doi":"10.1002/cjce.21626","title":"Development of kerosene–water two‐phase up‐flow in a vertical pipe downstream of A 90° bend","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Fluent; Mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Computational fluid dynamics; Pitot tube; Kerosene; Two-phase flow; Materials science; Physics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.010269285676804565,"score_gpt":0.18164970865624133,"score_spread":0.17138042297943676,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2056553728","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99691945,0.00014533382,0.0025081076,0.000013284546,0.00019143512,0.000043899963,0.0000043823125,0.000007337275,0.00016674823],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9939925,0.0000019772042,0.0059365765,0.0000051824277,0.00003398327,0.0000016216949,0.0000017404245,0.000023729384,0.0000026575153],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989627,0.0000048369516,0.0005316196,0.000059273105,0.00012610205,0.0003154886],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995197,0.000024330171,0.000026953003,0.00011894099,0.000052313684,0.00025776564],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022654407,0.0001283792,0.0002600672,0.00019154808,0.000013573258,0.000008343473,0.00022808107,0.000063707696,0.000042101634],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000041358886,0.00009588833,0.00007140923,0.00012060898,0.00004083443,0.000061474566,0.00001602277,0.0002710552,0.0000013051048],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002394819,0.00002274609,0.000113013586,0.000092902825,0.00008633369,0.000044795346,0.0044040596,0.039130025,0.95324117,0.0002746408,0.000015794105,0.0025505673],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008350993,0.000019900464,0.0001254248,0.00018487532,0.000018571862,0.000050041835,0.000022739696,0.12861928,0.869826,0.00004574697,0.000119579716,0.00013270866],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00032925908,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006280382,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08948926,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017026294,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015239503,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.39102128},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2057379632","doi":"10.1115/pvp2005-71424","title":"Fluctuating Forces in U-Tubes Subjected to Internal Two-Phase Flow","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Mechanics; Excitation; Dimensionless quantity; Vibration; Flow (mathematics); Physics; Materials science; Acoustics","score_opus":0.005290337220404084,"score_gpt":0.24478817431771283,"score_spread":0.23949783709730874,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2057379632","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.92915535,0.000055490356,0.055989135,0.000050173203,0.00013909025,0.000077903045,0.0000025114548,0.00016056756,0.014369755],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9744409,0.0000053279664,0.025059529,0.000100030185,0.00012345867,0.000008580481,0.000006238439,0.00002038138,0.00023559756],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994105,0.0000050138765,0.00018465218,0.00010790863,0.00007015849,0.0002217631],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998035,0.000025997122,0.000003770313,0.000091951326,0.000013376893,0.00006139422],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008220022,0.00009755672,0.00010163935,0.00013198356,0.000018284773,0.000038438397,0.00009664037,0.000025468325,0.0002341301],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000025376341,0.000094455776,0.000026106452,0.00014593199,0.000004330154,0.000113623275,0.000029686615,0.00009030934,0.000054416087],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013334844,0.000032217293,0.00075353775,0.000019988895,0.00001888907,0.0000119172,0.0014092687,0.5670404,0.3023348,0.0010598405,0.0007130303,0.12659281],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006001388,0.000020957652,0.00032843492,0.000032046937,0.0000017900369,0.0000039342062,0.00006316067,0.9798787,0.018234633,0.000029724111,0.00067783747,0.00012861019],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00012561273,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0020535935,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.41283837,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000069158,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005113855,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.38517946},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2057653408","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20070","title":"Hydrodynamics of a high pressure three‐phase fluidized bed subject to foaming","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ontario Innovation Trust","keywords":"Distributor; Bubble; Pulmonary surfactant; Shearing (physics); Chemistry; Pressure drop; Freeboard; Fluidized bed; Mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Pressure gradient; Thermodynamics; Chromatography; Materials science; Composite material; Organic chemistry; Physics","score_opus":0.005831744489713431,"score_gpt":0.1753133106562414,"score_spread":0.16948156616652796,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2057653408","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98896605,0.0012082263,0.009177957,0.00009399247,0.0003514202,0.00009583154,0.000021957932,0.00003099064,0.00005358516],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99754184,0.000009294823,0.0022031341,0.000017960978,0.00016221717,0.0000026449375,0.0000026345147,0.000052745094,0.000007539369],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989023,0.0000065002773,0.00043776582,0.00008602026,0.00019337244,0.00037401097],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99910504,0.000080524995,0.000056335444,0.00020949922,0.000098054865,0.0004505391],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020880923,0.00017960528,0.00034825166,0.00022339985,0.000054264212,0.00002027234,0.00038356567,0.000094349765,0.000015428197],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015852219,0.00015626325,0.00012909135,0.00028379605,0.000041906802,0.00008561387,0.000018369523,0.0003774314,0.000001749605],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018877507,0.00000814946,0.000050085997,0.00007614965,0.00017312124,0.00009365818,0.00055711827,0.4075619,0.58990455,0.000637691,0.00024332687,0.0006753922],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011305283,0.00007143805,0.00009064548,0.00021094567,0.000094466166,0.00046476105,0.000007627691,0.79033387,0.2064725,0.00010769189,0.0006826448,0.00033288923],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001118413,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00050754246,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.38343203,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001586044,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00017530921,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.63722306},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2058034065","doi":"10.1205/cerd.82.9.1169.44153","title":"Modelling of Turbulence in Stirred Vessels Using Large Eddy Simulation","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Process Safety and Environmental Protection","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":54,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Hatch (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Impeller; Turbulence; Mechanics; Particle image velocimetry; Flow (mathematics); Large eddy simulation; Eddy; Chaotic; Physics; Computer science","score_opus":0.013729366398888991,"score_gpt":0.20085101823080675,"score_spread":0.18712165183191776,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2058034065","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.44211003,0.0001582381,0.5575458,0.0000029521239,0.000021977603,0.00012434497,0.0000051445136,0.000016574642,0.000014919067],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990689,0.00017158713,0.00071481697,0.0000020055102,0.00001229348,0.0000073106585,0.0000073426495,0.000013268995,0.0000024626174],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99952155,0.0000051627608,0.00016634955,0.00011377733,0.000077544144,0.00011564068],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999002,0.0000042731813,0.000027627004,0.0000456701,0.000002323539,0.000019875406],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000081764934,0.000080582955,0.00008691071,0.000051845895,0.00005404077,0.00000601655,0.00002478573,0.00005522823,0.000003461608],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000022182683,0.00009095528,0.000012969335,0.00007296321,0.00001720448,0.00022628398,0.000011764419,0.00009680177,6.3958527e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002626649,0.000025376758,0.00006471124,0.00012767312,0.0000033816934,4.1298352e-7,0.00042430218,0.99023896,0.008154922,0.000014296849,3.56533e-9,0.0009196609],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00041785213,0.000018291596,0.00016646837,0.00008867312,0.000004501788,0.0000023876244,0.00013469862,0.9958332,0.0023873535,0.00084647676,0.000006293836,0.000093806375],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000034196382,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004406528,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.55695885,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000107021915,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000035657629,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.37090486},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2058336734","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450790322","title":"Enhancement of the overall volumetric oxygen transfer coefficient in a stirred tank bioreactor using ethanol","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Impeller; Distilled water; Mass transfer coefficient; Mass transfer; Bioreactor; Bubble; Oxygen; Ethanol; Materials science; Chromatography; Chemistry; Continuous stirred-tank reactor; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Thermodynamics; Mechanics","score_opus":0.009348764727808765,"score_gpt":0.1817717523608335,"score_spread":0.17242298763302474,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2058336734","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9901802,0.00076862314,0.008429399,0.000101963116,0.00036103424,0.00009371839,0.0000059232775,0.0000067395144,0.0000524314],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996156,0.000013975118,0.00024936354,0.00001995733,0.00006454264,0.0000012277235,4.91769e-7,0.0000257814,0.000009030989],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99905103,0.000009122545,0.00037872174,0.00006307775,0.00018506912,0.00031297543],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995622,0.00004456708,0.000032359778,0.00014435945,0.000050309125,0.00016622059],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002166797,0.00012871732,0.0002015411,0.00023242016,0.000023664652,0.000022591657,0.00031229403,0.000069762034,0.00002157187],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006809964,0.000092754584,0.00010776312,0.000506938,0.000032071217,0.00005163772,0.000010497214,0.00035238772,4.6462122e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000034348923,0.0000068476725,0.00011537954,0.000022810225,0.0000285228,0.000012234912,0.00026954515,0.37309054,0.6261144,0.000053242613,0.00001910932,0.00026390364],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00045591718,0.000016353588,0.0005779466,0.00026450635,0.000031818876,0.000084783635,0.000011031509,0.7755242,0.22220197,0.000015938216,0.0006460261,0.00016950823],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000963745,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00028748493,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.40391245,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004754246,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015048141,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.37824222},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2058967617","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450780518","title":"Gas holdup for high gas velocities in a gas–liquid cocurrent upward‐flow system","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Mechanics; Wet gas; Differential pressure; Flow (mathematics); Slip (aerodynamics); Gas pressure; Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Materials science; Physics; Geology; Petroleum engineering","score_opus":0.0047447119807259965,"score_gpt":0.16028024695400872,"score_spread":0.15553553497328274,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2058967617","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9951771,0.0012935569,0.0022331073,0.0002485695,0.0006169927,0.00014464672,0.000035019068,0.000048550904,0.00020246634],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984892,0.000029842588,0.0010410106,0.000020398636,0.00032976086,0.000013813747,0.0000054987086,0.00005549964,0.000014958284],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988197,0.000007913727,0.00043420415,0.00009221285,0.00014292874,0.000503045],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99934286,0.00008171777,0.000035067103,0.00014553506,0.000054697604,0.00034013708],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00028897676,0.0001952423,0.0003102152,0.00017772618,0.000046099944,0.000063317486,0.0003007506,0.00009701306,0.000038840557],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000046005258,0.00017244909,0.00011699922,0.00016326997,0.00003168924,0.00009228044,0.0000067313545,0.00039727264,0.0000045972506],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000035144865,0.0000050210865,0.000008939928,0.0003268964,0.00008141118,0.00008152578,0.0007157537,0.97187215,0.019013228,0.002023496,0.0006926601,0.005143795],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000837676,0.000060800634,0.00001901677,0.0008216726,0.000042031897,0.00028579863,0.000054477478,0.9727445,0.02114185,0.00013176764,0.003500375,0.0003600072],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00054557325,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00035091597,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0047837878,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006892735,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014597172,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7032269},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2059617481","doi":"10.1016/j.minpro.2010.01.003","title":"Effect of frother on initial bubble shape and velocity","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Mineral Processing","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":98,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Shell Canada; Barrick Gold Corporation","keywords":"Bubble; Body orifice; Mechanics; Oscillation (cell signaling); Physics; Chemistry; Engineering; Mechanical engineering","score_opus":0.004774199858219554,"score_gpt":0.2591032465280028,"score_spread":0.2543290466697833,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2059617481","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9963196,0.00014216067,0.0009306658,0.000045546276,0.0006845847,0.00002228067,0.0000029889957,0.000009154719,0.0018430382],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984802,0.000010475492,0.0010553887,0.000028919358,0.00038814696,5.112939e-7,8.629526e-7,0.000012792382,0.000022675393],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.999474,0.000008648026,0.00020809683,0.00004530541,0.0001977178,0.00006623199],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996756,0.000053902542,0.0000819273,0.000026866346,0.00012758127,0.000034155146],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023055164,0.0000728663,0.00011929264,0.000108799926,0.000015091452,0.000039499202,0.00012200455,0.000041174477,0.000032021024],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000643767,0.0000578411,0.000038133374,0.000029698927,0.000026961481,0.00015115734,0.000014196195,0.00022370004,8.797502e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00020723738,0.00003059488,0.0012591709,0.00009899516,0.000086787615,0.000043217784,0.0002581169,0.0038259418,0.553092,0.00026775937,0.000192351,0.4406378],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0031178044,0.00063840783,0.0051734154,0.0006564328,0.000046087804,0.00054196216,0.000016741837,0.84766376,0.139547,0.00085170666,0.001442248,0.00030442138],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002773171,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000028451116,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8438378,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000015645675,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016202284,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.23586917},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2059949129","doi":"10.1021/jp994489y","title":"Comment on “The Effect of Rapidness of Flow Rate Changes on the Bistable Experiments:  The Chlorite/Iodide Reaction”","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Physical Chemistry A","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Bistability; Iodide; Chemistry; Reaction rate; Volumetric flow rate; Flow (mathematics); Thermodynamics; Photochemistry; Inorganic chemistry; Physics; Mechanics; Organic chemistry; Catalysis; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.008081675612506493,"score_gpt":0.21626628802326905,"score_spread":0.20818461241076255,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2059949129","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9943587,0.00011972828,0.000029747536,0.003098852,0.00005572978,0.00010782125,0.0000085489855,0.000007967302,0.00221291],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999322,0.00009092688,0.0000020537686,0.00019064112,0.00026184515,0.000008187339,9.865462e-7,0.000015099702,0.0001082452],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999294,0.00009561043,0.0001930395,0.000050805775,0.00022997281,0.00013659577],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986731,0.00084917125,0.00011269657,0.00030224462,0.000032479966,0.000030322404],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00065959134,0.00013596813,0.00021512416,0.000008573947,0.00009576775,0.000013923159,0.00035100692,0.00002656375,0.0000603561],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000040382005,0.000053911535,0.00012457785,0.000102565544,0.000082476574,0.000024491896,0.000019654102,0.0003496811,0.0000033706324],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00025020502,0.000075011856,7.847223e-7,0.00006313293,0.00013667479,0.000001092281,0.0007301639,0.037802264,0.95800114,0.00009402708,0.001538145,0.0013073744],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00030835465,0.00018760056,0.000014496452,0.00017379748,0.000051016505,0.0000051793413,0.0001639964,0.047917973,0.94829106,0.00006343525,0.002764255,0.000058855203],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008593923,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.674649e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.010115708,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004784606,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000074079107,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.21984486},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2060063806","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450810363","title":"Experimental Validation of a Two‐Phase Flow Model for Pressure Drop and Liquid Hold‐up in Downflow Packed Bed Bubble Reactors","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Pressure drop; Bubble; Mechanics; Two-phase flow; Closure (psychology); Momentum (technical analysis); Packed bed; Flow (mathematics); Drop (telecommunication); Fraction (chemistry); Mass fraction; Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Materials science; Physics; Chromatography; Engineering; Mechanical engineering","score_opus":0.009687605813221624,"score_gpt":0.21481844196957234,"score_spread":0.20513083615635072,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2060063806","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9881584,0.00083161256,0.010671916,0.00002004049,0.00015559497,0.000110807465,0.000019115741,0.000008942453,0.000023591141],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976869,0.000004051361,0.0022191182,0.000006162,0.00003734063,0.0000060022744,0.0000039317806,0.000029482717,0.000006969057],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99933314,0.0000065557842,0.00028532275,0.00006691182,0.00008516305,0.00022292606],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99958265,0.000042651493,0.000040534265,0.000091706046,0.000042415773,0.00020006452],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022160789,0.00011852093,0.00019759961,0.00012648838,0.000019741508,0.000022744962,0.000102456,0.000064442735,0.00000528392],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008899144,0.00010674097,0.000056839857,0.0000906154,0.000022113994,0.0001069757,0.000004901552,0.00018596313,8.4478216e-8],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012334699,0.000004727162,0.000004391886,0.000030120282,0.000022206603,0.000002046379,0.00060715014,0.47098723,0.52798253,0.00029522693,0.00002108519,0.000030959567],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007109194,0.00002272481,7.4257076e-7,0.000048707472,0.000014419565,0.000015649784,0.000011694863,0.5850235,0.41399,0.0000513878,0.000040305058,0.00006994326],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000109845234,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000049314116,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.11403627,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001143281,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000925097,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.43527701},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2060417045","doi":"10.1002/bit.20541","title":"A restructured framework for modeling oxygen transfer in two‐phase partitioning bioreactors","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biotechnology and Bioengineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Bioreactor; Mass transfer; Phase (matter); Mass transfer coefficient; Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Hexadecane; Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Organic chemistry; Physics","score_opus":0.010054119957385442,"score_gpt":0.24379797879972348,"score_spread":0.23374385884233803,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2060417045","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5951716,0.0011444151,0.4028964,0.00021783609,0.00010650996,0.000114888055,0.000011612804,0.0003305525,0.0000062123386],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9584742,0.0003155191,0.041012846,0.000018624512,0.00009441535,0.00003719738,0.000010877657,0.000035299305,0.0000010137276],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992009,0.000002898557,0.0002204771,0.00019917905,0.000039331164,0.00033722687],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997772,0.00002627872,0.00000641283,0.00013665203,0.000007938357,0.00004550786],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000083986524,0.00017234181,0.00017848154,0.00020203597,0.00004961319,0.000021368069,0.00008999406,0.00029582376,0.0000030566823],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001717718,0.0001811945,0.000039334296,0.00019677196,0.000036329366,0.00009155168,0.000016064536,0.00029028268,9.532418e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000021180209,0.000023553048,0.00010175745,0.00008417832,0.00004647034,0.0000044052217,0.00018013487,0.73545146,0.16405103,0.07220133,0.0000037426448,0.027830802],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00072354364,0.00002727227,0.00004117387,0.00008495541,0.000011812325,0.000010437277,0.000034454533,0.96425503,0.033438805,0.00068400695,0.00046996417,0.0002185158],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000093793105,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000632929,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.36330262,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005264328,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004496474,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7388897},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2060921132","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20319","title":"Dynamical mass‐transfer process of a CO<sub>2</sub> bubble measured by using LIF/HPTS visualisation and photoelectric probing","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Wake; Bubble; Mass transfer; Particle image velocimetry; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Buoyancy; Chemistry; Advection; Mechanics; Physics; Thermodynamics; Turbulence; Chromatography","score_opus":0.005203651490955072,"score_gpt":0.18623259416543358,"score_spread":0.1810289426744785,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2060921132","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9883988,0.00030597596,0.010935457,0.000027844866,0.00016924992,0.0001060403,0.000011198356,0.00002252102,0.000022894437],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995105,0.0000066658804,0.0003294984,0.0000106979105,0.00008594603,0.0000026268003,0.0000036844376,0.000049768343,5.8929066e-7],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989954,0.0000086987775,0.00037056784,0.00009351527,0.00019881481,0.0003329907],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99937177,0.00005133277,0.000044364097,0.000097916265,0.00011599363,0.0003186302],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00033846687,0.00016925888,0.0002502627,0.0001830951,0.00005091643,0.000054758104,0.00017908371,0.00014168698,0.0000036245644],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010047123,0.00015233213,0.00006448903,0.00024616078,0.000054213335,0.0001434938,0.000003915882,0.0006349167,2.5715158e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005028523,0.000003407516,0.000046556735,0.00010090939,0.000042518946,0.0000048280217,0.00028851835,0.036403734,0.9626843,0.00007513042,0.000011771831,0.00033330754],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00017283739,0.000010554317,0.000009646385,0.00007334689,0.000027063159,0.00008661211,0.000006136493,0.43664566,0.5628055,0.00003943588,0.0000121945595,0.00011104225],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00012351995,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00012082035,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4002419,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015340713,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00019023911,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.62119234},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2061424474","doi":"10.1115/1.2826381","title":"Correlation Between Vibration Excitation Forces and the Dynamic Characteristics of Two-Phase Cross Flow in a Rotated-Triangular Tube Bundle","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Drag; Quasiperiodic function; Mechanics; Lift-to-drag ratio; Lift (data mining); Wake; Physics; Vortex shedding; Vibration; Classical mechanics; Turbulence; Acoustics; Reynolds number","score_opus":0.0058882856612032285,"score_gpt":0.24185089354468894,"score_spread":0.23596260788348572,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2061424474","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8403702,0.0011272858,0.15805948,0.00011385546,0.00014556081,0.00013009102,0.00001215656,0.00002828092,0.0000131057795],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973695,0.000364306,0.0021843917,0.0000036108263,0.00003779036,0.0000043972923,0.000009482683,0.000015006331,0.000011497019],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991211,0.000036248533,0.0005375335,0.00007314658,0.000115909206,0.00011605941],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99938947,0.00010849185,0.0002486064,0.000108865,0.00012450837,0.000020076002],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003399643,0.00009621088,0.0003007688,0.0003642512,0.00005187457,0.000017184442,0.000111021516,0.0001550921,0.0000025949812],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001402358,0.00007745448,0.000039689123,0.000266693,0.00014992015,0.00022813349,0.000021771833,0.00029681626,3.6681155e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00074888853,0.00033346383,0.09998771,0.00064671907,0.0008947065,0.00015311841,0.0069348547,0.70133686,0.123108335,0.011796543,0.000098244906,0.053960584],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0036170436,0.00013605147,0.034446746,0.000076715616,0.00007685521,0.00012330124,0.000055394936,0.95714504,0.0008259642,0.0033144366,0.000091966394,0.00009046419],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000006649215,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006807147,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.25580823,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000022834247,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000020283112,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3158502},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2061804785","doi":"10.1115/1.2388994","title":"Vibration Excitation Forces Due to Two-Phase Flow in Piping Elements","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":73,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Piping; Vibration; Excitation; Mechanics; Dimensionless quantity; Physics; Flow (mathematics); Acoustics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.004419094931655253,"score_gpt":0.23788458345336433,"score_spread":0.23346548852170906,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2061804785","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.72474784,0.00073939766,0.27331,0.00037221698,0.00034154532,0.0001181329,0.0000036051194,0.00007869706,0.00028857816],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9781997,0.000022682148,0.021603266,0.00001901865,0.00010544693,0.000006765405,0.000002928894,0.00001787769,0.000022266186],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991532,0.00001234019,0.00045599186,0.00008268042,0.0001163771,0.00017942932],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996823,0.000020182983,0.000099998484,0.00009682977,0.000075284246,0.000025425072],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020675361,0.00009544683,0.00019103981,0.00073503907,0.000026663687,0.000026147874,0.00015480674,0.00010637562,0.000008605697],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000041702813,0.00009652367,0.00003052268,0.00036725012,0.000011684275,0.00023392108,0.000022239576,0.00020864952,0.0000027502601],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000025046498,0.00007690893,0.00064572477,0.00006459981,0.000048946273,0.00007909597,0.00015003106,0.5341313,0.4381855,0.0049624275,0.0012185251,0.020411871],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0026899022,0.00025762705,0.0022934726,0.0002130307,0.000049918217,0.00012765301,0.00015656784,0.9428528,0.0271691,0.0142484475,0.009677454,0.00026404136],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000856746,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006532393,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4110164,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004282877,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012998376,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.39361212},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2061840552","doi":"10.1002/cjce.21891","title":"Elutriation in inverse fluidisation using non‐Newtonian pseudoplastic liquids","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Elutriation; Shear thinning; Inverse; Materials science; Mechanics; Newtonian fluid; Binary number; Thinning; Mathematics; Rheology; Thermodynamics; Physics; Composite material; Geometry","score_opus":0.005636198086665955,"score_gpt":0.16367205081649197,"score_spread":0.158035852729826,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2061840552","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9864117,0.00013034468,0.012820637,0.00010331459,0.0003778354,0.00007886291,0.000001212564,0.00001168831,0.00006439333],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982162,0.0000046097084,0.0015684536,0.00002131629,0.0001546017,0.0000019432475,0.0000012744845,0.00002739181,0.000004175877],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992547,0.0000059858166,0.0003183034,0.00005252703,0.000101293954,0.0002671822],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995458,0.000045263438,0.00003569557,0.00008800931,0.00005467878,0.0002305399],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017085837,0.000111397894,0.00014758698,0.00023582592,0.000027467644,0.00006105494,0.00015365236,0.00007944231,0.000028099468],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000976469,0.00009910204,0.00004989158,0.00022537453,0.000017724824,0.0002146834,0.0000063805956,0.00030231194,0.000007647526],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000010673455,0.0000010434911,0.00011652251,0.000017929258,0.000010715877,0.0000061317314,0.00022993845,0.5984765,0.40089265,0.000071635804,0.000061419734,0.00011443189],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00021962188,0.000007424537,0.00043547383,0.000104013125,0.000010937163,0.00004795847,0.000012382159,0.9827669,0.016163558,0.0000625942,0.000058174224,0.000110949586],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0017898632,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00053453096,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.38472912,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00053116336,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013000618,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4041264},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2062335289","doi":"10.1021/ie800496x","title":"Using Computational Fluid Dynamics To Study the Dynamic Behavior of the Continuous Mixing of Herschel−Bulkley Fluids","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":57,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Computational fluid dynamics; Impeller; Mechanics; Mixing (physics); Flow (mathematics); Herschel–Bulkley fluid; Materials science; Turbulence; Fluid dynamics; Fluent; Physics","score_opus":0.07710398644484233,"score_gpt":0.32140605289785923,"score_spread":0.2443020664530169,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2062335289","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9970896,0.00012425183,0.0014981107,0.000034471337,0.00031725154,0.00070008036,0.000057580117,0.000067654444,0.00011100196],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993196,0.000006093143,0.00035232806,0.0000017104256,0.00013100333,0.00004658155,0.000010500285,0.00006690332,0.000065240194],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9977257,0.00006060864,0.00056539866,0.00025110165,0.0008523204,0.00054482993],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99871767,0.0003018224,0.0000502166,0.00053005095,0.0002841678,0.000116092364],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009689394,0.00023538485,0.00034429834,0.00011511982,0.00022267316,0.000032553322,0.00073984556,0.00019563656,0.00002067313],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00033398694,0.00019374961,0.0001282791,0.0009707031,0.00014761172,0.00005826953,0.0003079251,0.0009325223,0.0000015057166],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012769551,0.00007614542,0.0021551326,0.00003888348,0.00008235351,0.00001229811,0.0003533027,0.47077832,0.52594274,0.000017893082,0.000037160138,0.00049296353],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008331924,0.000058255224,0.002255218,0.00012861956,0.000043240332,0.00005725985,0.00059699593,0.8998915,0.09584839,0.000006890682,0.000038304086,0.00024214706],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00011317134,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005698769,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4300944,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00037326108,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00016127194,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.790088},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2062585577","doi":"10.1115/pvp2014-28457","title":"Development of a Numerical Model for Quasi-Periodic Forces of Two-Phase Cross Flow in Tube Bundles","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Mechanics; Drag; Added mass; Buoyancy; Two-phase flow; Physics; Bubble; Flow (mathematics); Classical mechanics; Vortex; Bundle; Vibration; Materials science","score_opus":0.014432047060105337,"score_gpt":0.2737798132915827,"score_spread":0.2593477662314774,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2062585577","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.46595064,0.000027202672,0.53363866,0.0000020434077,0.000026220268,0.000064656866,0.000004817809,0.00001936798,0.00026635814],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.78382623,0.000002580283,0.2160626,0.000006054998,0.0000070326146,0.000021932688,0.0000064179144,0.0000142260005,0.00005292467],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993196,0.0000037529367,0.00033524205,0.000096693926,0.0000774537,0.00016725561],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99977946,0.00003716164,0.000020421814,0.00009913415,0.000029349776,0.000034484307],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016556648,0.0000918416,0.00020611344,0.00006681393,0.00001910764,0.000009147989,0.00008823629,0.000037541347,0.000008325077],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000019350533,0.00008443667,0.000045060828,0.00006618544,0.00002017355,0.000053794192,0.00002032473,0.00003631527,9.451437e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000017519053,0.00010530973,0.00028334477,0.00021892476,0.00001820818,1.2103074e-7,0.0017889453,0.9494817,0.021292806,0.0060289125,0.000013952417,0.020750212],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010688961,0.000035536963,0.00008877782,0.00002749696,0.0000029251007,3.7090703e-7,0.00003141972,0.9912999,0.006980968,0.00028725775,0.00007449965,0.000101923695],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000021881771,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00014612808,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.31787556,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000028185788,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000027917069,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.34432277},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2062728651","doi":"10.1021/ie0613265","title":"Mixing Time Analysis Using Colorimetric Methods and Image Processing","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":146,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Repeatability; Mixing (physics); RGB color model; Computer science; Micromixing; Biological system; Artificial intelligence; Chemistry; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chromatography","score_opus":0.06348545705246042,"score_gpt":0.38352898733379776,"score_spread":0.32004353028133736,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2062728651","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.962012,0.0009848961,0.034136456,0.000008163152,0.00013136081,0.00018358817,0.000008967609,0.0003262975,0.0022082555],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98148334,0.00002203435,0.017486753,0.0000014603199,0.0006511794,0.000008485478,0.000017638667,0.0000942173,0.00023489671],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99780947,0.00003511752,0.00042093548,0.00037405587,0.00044918075,0.00091121934],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998724,0.00050589617,0.00003247316,0.00027567905,0.0001670797,0.0002949021],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0038863523,0.00025586336,0.00039328416,0.00079551496,0.00016879814,0.00017390322,0.00025997174,0.00036601786,0.00005813976],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00065176253,0.00029464092,0.00009897958,0.004146248,0.00007693692,0.00018257914,0.0001460171,0.0011372931,0.000004875194],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009269126,0.0000095871055,0.000118839016,0.00011296725,0.00017949213,0.000028767468,0.000060470713,0.06127678,0.93033904,0.000004251696,0.000028564073,0.007831983],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00023390481,0.000006850982,0.0000775964,0.000046612513,0.00007660149,0.000013579315,0.000038678834,0.6413531,0.35752133,0.0000044872427,0.00041005158,0.00021724448],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000038998543,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.050205e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5800763,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00039699324,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000070047914,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999506},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2063166289","doi":"10.1061/(asce)0733-9372(2009)135:8(700)","title":"Fluidization in an Anaerobic EGSB Reactor: Analysis of Primary Wakes and Modeling of Sludge Blanket","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Fluidization; Blanket; Granule (geology); Settling; Mechanics; Fluidized bed; Residence time distribution; Environmental science; Flow (mathematics); Chemistry; Materials science; Waste management; Environmental engineering; Physics; Engineering","score_opus":0.0056428673819482605,"score_gpt":0.17618263652608396,"score_spread":0.1705397691441357,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2063166289","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.978619,0.0010688279,0.020195581,0.0000026731107,0.00003863631,0.000031392297,0.000008737061,0.0000079816145,0.000027168355],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99559087,0.0008154754,0.0035458552,0.0000043947557,0.000018514713,2.3146262e-7,0.000009902184,0.000014103436,6.859442e-7],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99920154,0.0000071742797,0.00046909,0.000069799804,0.00014201793,0.00011039305],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997456,0.000015772353,0.000088193476,0.00009124424,0.000006276688,0.00005288577],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001612916,0.00010674357,0.0003497664,0.00049064134,0.0000060230104,0.000006795589,0.00007270882,0.00004676447,0.0000048888282],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000005959494,0.0001118214,0.000075121105,0.00020037252,0.000008417172,0.00025341494,0.000010639193,0.00011283432,6.028401e-8],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005070868,0.000021046691,0.001458005,0.000015116022,0.00005372108,0.000002868616,0.00010882048,0.5475068,0.45021814,0.000013497086,3.1874578e-7,0.0005965738],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00021364832,0.00007956491,0.100719,0.000046462883,0.000113787784,0.000006321854,0.000037497965,0.89467716,0.0040091565,0.000007286551,0.0000025050606,0.00008764065],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000029096577,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002066831,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.44620898,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011138843,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000390054,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.45599443},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2063174538","doi":"10.1115/icone18-29690","title":"Transmission Type Ultrasonic Imaging of Horizontal Two-Phase Flow","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"18th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering: Volume 4, Parts A and B","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Ultrasonic sensor; Acoustics; Porosity; Materials science; Bubble; Two-phase flow; Flow measurement; Slug flow; Transducer; Stratified flow; Void (composites); Ultrasonic flow meter; Stratified flows; Cavitation; Flow (mathematics); Mechanics; Physics; Turbulence; Composite material","score_opus":0.00859269594277979,"score_gpt":0.2314035347444231,"score_spread":0.22281083880164332,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2063174538","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9853412,0.00006647964,0.0067729256,0.00017480431,0.0016135417,0.000103313425,0.000035746292,0.0002145285,0.0056774905],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972113,0.00008550744,0.0024328008,0.000015205397,0.00010848067,0.0000028013458,0.000018309776,0.000040371055,0.00008526542],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99928343,0.000003813606,0.00019593604,0.00017008798,0.00016438287,0.00018237345],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99965525,0.00001454749,0.00002417231,0.000121489866,0.000075340184,0.0001092088],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000075053664,0.00016305831,0.00015050138,0.00011492256,0.00003262105,0.000067626956,0.00015671876,0.000053444404,0.000540066],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000019020068,0.00016628267,0.0000473168,0.000060768103,0.00003162775,0.00012753287,0.000019147563,0.0002767274,0.000023268105],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008579669,0.0001373266,0.0005613505,0.00009922448,0.00010787664,0.000031348667,0.00058414467,0.024637522,0.84036183,0.078950085,0.00077491987,0.053668603],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00057638076,0.00007434075,0.0005134065,0.00006800824,0.000009160278,0.000023015202,0.000021048845,0.98055726,0.0009947888,0.000050794108,0.016928652,0.00018313873],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000011877386,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004405241,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.95591974,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000019399611,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015155016,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.67808104},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2063487208","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2012.07.001","title":"Conditions for complete phase separation in an impacting tee junction at various inclinations of the outlet arms","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Mechanics; Inlet; Materials science; Separator (oil production); Flow (mathematics); Limiting; Flow separation; Volumetric flow rate; Entrainment (biomusicology); Separation (statistics); Environmental science; Thermodynamics; Acoustics; Physics; Geology; Computer science; Mechanical engineering; Boundary layer","score_opus":0.028349281237570075,"score_gpt":0.35497884618956554,"score_spread":0.32662956495199547,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2063487208","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.91995835,0.000058932565,0.076877706,0.00018247057,0.0024521602,0.00014716087,0.0002238387,0.00001182266,0.00008755871],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.994584,0.000010452534,0.0048644375,0.000038817114,0.00038286843,0.000008306884,0.00006663713,0.000015315032,0.000029157469],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99905616,0.000030027722,0.00047,0.000052354655,0.00025099548,0.0001404498],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991099,0.0001768126,0.00022696379,0.000080154736,0.0003450081,0.00006112546],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00039164486,0.000087194734,0.00013000824,0.00020963296,0.000058774043,0.000025201904,0.00017254846,0.000050096853,0.00003405154],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00019306992,0.000072574585,0.00011475696,0.0000811381,0.000017031794,0.0004817427,0.000022004615,0.0001483794,0.0000022467727],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017593238,0.0006771029,0.011795578,0.00002143203,0.00021496884,0.000004154588,0.002702822,0.5466688,0.43154213,0.0004853037,0.00086416595,0.0048476118],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003403504,0.00008042036,0.0047836606,0.00006882589,0.000035225017,0.000063915046,0.00014199977,0.9843053,0.00530496,0.0001743695,0.0015419289,0.00009584716],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000013018179,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000118096454,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.43763655,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004394048,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000026400186,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.29595056},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2063502952","doi":"10.2118/150572-ms","title":"Analysis and Prediction of Heavy Oil Two-Phase Slug Length in Horizontal Pipelines","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SPE Heavy Oil Conference and Exhibition","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Intecsea (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Slug flow; Slug; Viscosity; Two-phase flow; Mechanics; Bubble; Flow (mathematics); Multiphase flow; Phase (matter); Materials science; Pigging; Petroleum engineering; Environmental science; Geology; Pipeline transport; Chemistry; Physics; Composite material; Environmental engineering","score_opus":0.021256133180106187,"score_gpt":0.23349966564612168,"score_spread":0.2122435324660155,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2063502952","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9904845,0.00031666635,0.0048881075,0.000024416384,0.000104431005,0.000027713577,0.00006242341,0.00005789875,0.0040338775],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973323,0.0019351665,0.0005346375,0.0000099497865,0.00004630852,0.000008602708,0.000078774385,0.000011458285,0.000042809934],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992534,0.000018704108,0.00027612253,0.0001900006,0.00009401138,0.00016774118],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997195,0.0000139273225,0.000033673834,0.00011146125,0.000054759093,0.00006669277],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014372004,0.00013180624,0.00023823134,0.00026629108,0.00003777862,0.000024027164,0.00003429197,0.00007584778,0.000036072634],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009597058,0.00013652966,0.000042295294,0.0002420285,0.000052653537,0.00021720245,0.00001796789,0.00010990892,0.0000019525648],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00059077144,0.00049752847,0.04141287,0.0010880774,0.0004277746,0.000049003593,0.009335203,0.001273072,0.12560984,0.009858393,0.00011802406,0.8097394],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0034323237,0.00044129163,0.03392239,0.00037082183,0.00034588345,0.000022180375,0.0010976068,0.93518543,0.02321678,0.001389029,0.00010586161,0.00047038274],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00092932227,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002119026,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9339124,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000023260543,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015951147,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5567518},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2063646519","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450850303","title":"Energy Efficiency of Two‐Phase Mixing in a Modified Bubble Column","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Mixing (physics); Dissipation; Mechanics; Bubble column reactor; Materials science; Energy (signal processing); Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Physics; Gas bubble; Mathematics; Statistics","score_opus":0.0056476642213420325,"score_gpt":0.19329937565996777,"score_spread":0.18765171143862575,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2063646519","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95212364,0.0008059835,0.046193056,0.000024659565,0.0002603808,0.00003242078,0.0000031080444,0.000012910843,0.0005438235],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99916416,0.000003957422,0.0006858843,0.000014249315,0.00009700788,7.160213e-7,8.479898e-7,0.000026230231,0.0000069543958],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99897623,0.000004519428,0.00045001364,0.00005808128,0.00013370211,0.00037742616],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99941653,0.000092748225,0.00005029206,0.00011380458,0.000052135678,0.00027447578],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004921272,0.00011408668,0.00021643066,0.00028870924,0.000020645051,0.000019733527,0.00025752658,0.00006422772,0.000007553295],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006622306,0.00010496748,0.00007488284,0.00032842398,0.000032942768,0.00006138259,0.000009222418,0.00029282557,3.3280313e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000068159575,0.000009028226,0.00003504447,0.000029769826,0.000021388358,0.00007871218,0.0002807221,0.5831725,0.41242704,0.0026127084,0.000030651183,0.0012956138],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009380103,0.000023839104,0.00002641316,0.00015468166,0.00001292857,0.000092635935,0.000015015303,0.8201749,0.17800464,0.00017615985,0.0002255098,0.00015528436],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0020046409,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018938329,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.23700237,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000265351,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012165259,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.42804497},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2063679576","doi":"10.2202/1542-6580.1642","title":"Optimization of Continuously Stirred Tank Bioreactor Design for Cost Minimization: Effect of Microbial Species and Operating Conditions","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Chemical Reactor Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Aeration; Impeller; Bioreactor; Operating cost; Process engineering; Biomass (ecology); Mixing (physics); Continuous stirred-tank reactor; Mass transfer; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Waste management; Mechanical engineering; Chemical engineering; Ecology; Chemistry","score_opus":0.00946964542105926,"score_gpt":0.21710306704083732,"score_spread":0.20763342161977805,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2063679576","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6594946,0.00010802326,0.33974218,0.000024279638,0.000364415,0.00015089207,0.0000743754,0.000018030061,0.000023210821],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96793896,0.000085482105,0.031736583,0.000003267207,0.00016352527,0.0000056012695,0.000036336067,0.000026440677,0.0000037933196],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99913114,0.000008217856,0.0005036047,0.00007174649,0.00018087844,0.00010438749],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99895537,0.00043300632,0.00016053666,0.00005011537,0.0003434934,0.000057486355],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011770365,0.00012888412,0.00029892285,0.00015403784,0.000006806751,0.00001755348,0.00014039497,0.000069819136,0.00001264802],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00044751883,0.00012304536,0.00009157658,0.00006830628,0.00004036828,0.00017560415,0.000017559398,0.00010493556,8.836961e-8],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000040901738,0.0000133429685,0.00011449548,0.000046837667,0.00012424451,0.000004577207,0.000093302675,0.23231918,0.7669838,0.000046823065,0.00014211846,0.00007036637],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008707918,0.00006577082,0.00007131594,0.0001150706,0.000042692467,0.00009884619,0.000005818427,0.35528228,0.64323175,0.0000021252074,0.00012413975,0.0000893834],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000014320685,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.80933e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.30844438,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007452065,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000025078087,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5017644},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2063694342","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450810304","title":"Liquid Dispersion in Large Diameter Bubble Columns, with and without Internals","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":63,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Dispersion (optics); Mixing (physics); Mechanics; Materials science; Optics; Physics","score_opus":0.003374188740453361,"score_gpt":0.1638908275079271,"score_spread":0.16051663876747374,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2063694342","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99576545,0.0008262422,0.002983603,0.000053603235,0.000113517344,0.00004210228,0.0000024962442,0.000008599114,0.00020440189],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99913454,0.00001456593,0.0007498544,0.000028404156,0.00003293384,0.0000013074937,3.890233e-7,0.000025723477,0.000012305289],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99943256,0.0000065957624,0.00017210313,0.000053708936,0.00007746582,0.00025753467],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996239,0.000025597876,0.000020636855,0.00007532066,0.000023413377,0.00023113402],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021879503,0.00009957826,0.00015328305,0.00010949954,0.000019948575,0.00004072648,0.00010332623,0.000045847053,0.000014367399],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005461152,0.00007436888,0.000027587193,0.000104577455,0.000021428574,0.00008051384,0.000005685864,0.0002987543,6.9533684e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011332859,0.000034180353,0.035880666,0.00035501126,0.00037907006,0.00029458065,0.0043980675,0.37237844,0.57802963,0.0066333963,0.0005960526,0.0009075481],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0056894543,0.00046365272,0.0031880739,0.0029588828,0.00015973835,0.0018409237,0.00031139617,0.7241684,0.2400341,0.00029193764,0.019152528,0.0017409072],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00022310035,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012286557,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.35178995,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013729079,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000054538792,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3032675},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2064809708","doi":"10.1080/10916466.2011.594834","title":"Severe Slugging in a Free-Standing Riser","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Petroleum Science and Technology","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"China University of Petroleum, Beijing; University of Alberta","keywords":"Slugging; Mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Environmental science; Control theory (sociology); Marine engineering; Simulation; Physics; Engineering; Computer science","score_opus":0.0030397743979402835,"score_gpt":0.17661669500644445,"score_spread":0.17357692060850416,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2064809708","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98961645,0.00071340223,0.0009817394,0.001058165,0.0001714726,0.00005516384,0.0000011930945,0.00027292862,0.00712947],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986069,0.00010014514,0.0011193731,0.000026436175,0.000009887654,0.000021825153,1.7534872e-7,0.000008166422,0.0001070415],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99924195,0.0000019216175,0.000102339196,0.00017650997,0.00011243534,0.00036484134],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99971515,0.000011225891,0.000009726184,0.0001893567,0.000033202832,0.000041349056],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020249517,0.000076544304,0.00009630888,0.0006484779,0.000078188925,0.000055920773,0.0002640873,0.00007139094,0.000021057675],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000651658,0.000075049495,0.000007342663,0.00085667387,0.00023941889,0.00032295068,0.00012805128,0.00016890952,0.00001823111],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000029499276,0.00005061419,0.09412096,0.00013800053,0.000020498854,0.00007323488,0.0006189772,0.009215794,0.52633214,0.14184736,0.0035162608,0.22406323],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004533518,0.000033828688,0.004373517,0.000060100727,0.0000029176797,0.00008053234,0.0005277683,0.96439946,0.0021847996,0.024575975,0.003014344,0.00029343306],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000060366165,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005683752,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9551836,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008796892,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000020815993,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.30604297},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2065104203","doi":"10.1016/j.ces.2013.07.027","title":"A novel and energy-efficient coaxial mixer for agitation of non-Newtonian fluids possessing yield stress","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Science","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":53,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Impeller; Shear thinning; Slip factor; Mixing (physics); Agitator; Coaxial; Materials science; Mechanics; Computational fluid dynamics; Shear stress; Newtonian fluid; Non-Newtonian fluid; Yield (engineering); Power consumption; Mechanical engineering; Rheology; Power (physics); Composite material; Engineering; Physics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.0056286659981541875,"score_gpt":0.1957604868039558,"score_spread":0.19013182080580163,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2065104203","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.54043853,0.000048510337,0.45916158,0.000013069409,0.00015724199,0.000051723717,0.0000063948555,0.000046672547,0.00007628125],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9514993,0.0000031230197,0.048387058,0.000010880899,0.000041456937,0.000026075673,0.0000026300497,0.00001823691,0.000011275791],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991927,4.8265474e-7,0.00017782534,0.00019064233,0.00015619406,0.0002821362],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99955183,0.000080385624,0.000017550068,0.0001223629,0.000119685465,0.0001081552],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009594519,0.00011909945,0.00013000873,0.00010602234,0.0000414679,0.00007439454,0.00016189845,0.000053270272,0.000002414088],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001538595,0.000120346194,0.00003061669,0.00025729288,0.00010756192,0.00015931447,0.000043728996,0.000065825065,5.0472477e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[5.9812896e-7,0.000009128893,0.0000072818543,0.00007988304,0.0000028653842,1.13294185e-7,0.000094068855,0.18632537,0.8117946,0.00030096242,0.000013644036,0.00137153],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009837523,0.0000073695087,0.00020479431,0.0000801284,0.0000031603915,0.0000025382349,0.000016435075,0.67492884,0.32454407,0.0000075834178,0.000009035721,0.00009767977],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000029011984,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.369718e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.48860344,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000051365994,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000023115263,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.49075752},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2065278639","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2012.10.001","title":"Gas dispersion in horizontal pulp-fibre-suspension flow","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Pulp (tooth); Materials science; Buoyancy; Bubble; Stratified flow; Mixing (physics); Superficial velocity; Volumetric flow rate; Composite material; Suspension (topology); Dispersion (optics); TRACER; Mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Turbulence; Optics","score_opus":0.008705827767698293,"score_gpt":0.2377977480927073,"score_spread":0.229091920325009,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2065278639","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96607345,0.00082286994,0.02731485,0.00014865257,0.0050013154,0.000058570597,0.000018238721,0.000025613615,0.00053643744],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9826982,0.00024726635,0.016032748,0.000033258977,0.0009216263,0.0000011154035,0.000017077362,0.000025786236,0.000022891969],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99886906,0.000020157308,0.00040886833,0.00007220457,0.000397991,0.00023174446],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995208,0.000056592682,0.00007267003,0.00007762816,0.00013283864,0.00013947494],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002926195,0.00013335362,0.00016741962,0.0002977942,0.000020264008,0.000037860613,0.00023426916,0.000068750334,0.00010451415],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007065255,0.00012169695,0.00012518471,0.00007614726,0.000015021618,0.00055078976,0.000040374183,0.0002648116,0.000031648247],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00040495812,0.0005744119,0.013149092,0.000027774167,0.00025546827,0.0006029259,0.0018070379,0.42424563,0.3049588,0.00032467316,0.0030281623,0.25062105],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0019488962,0.000058381287,0.0025601333,0.00018776572,0.000012207541,0.00035315304,0.00008822232,0.9832212,0.00659469,0.000045862973,0.0047534867,0.00017604826],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000016062495,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000027821614,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5589755,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00027654093,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000017715425,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.49626577},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2065556401","doi":"10.1016/j.cherd.2012.08.002","title":"Prediction of just suspended speed for mixed slurries at high solids loadings","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Process Safety and Environmental Protection","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Rowan University","keywords":"Slurry; Suspended solids; Materials science; Environmental science; Mechanics; Waste management; Engineering; Composite material; Physics","score_opus":0.012114803388868686,"score_gpt":0.18547841185508473,"score_spread":0.17336360846621604,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2065556401","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.908319,0.00039484625,0.089737445,0.00002302323,0.00037638127,0.0006053259,0.00011876913,0.00009970916,0.00032549063],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992858,0.00020166997,0.00016354409,0.0000038036762,0.00009299322,0.000047315167,0.000080952086,0.000024139172,0.000099737954],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99942076,0.00000612058,0.00017976314,0.0001146659,0.00008986047,0.0001888451],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998337,0.000009148044,0.000041249095,0.000059498747,0.0000039844585,0.000052443964],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011953954,0.00011483293,0.00012039619,0.00003935059,0.00014153037,0.000007090826,0.00003048049,0.00008471637,0.000037165984],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000061039523,0.00011930048,0.00003077548,0.000039091017,0.00004956599,0.0002811012,0.000023385457,0.00007153202,0.0000032464427],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009626237,0.00021917584,0.0074080345,0.0026218812,0.00019028665,3.5171126e-7,0.0032447993,0.09639946,0.86841387,0.0012063022,0.00006500092,0.019268194],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0021736773,0.00032279253,0.031314626,0.00010105344,0.0001320829,0.000046171153,0.001107992,0.6241003,0.33651447,0.0010917281,0.0026017716,0.00049328944],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000112868065,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000035011292,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5318994,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012573817,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000016757677,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.48649326},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2065790943","doi":"10.1115/fedsm2012-72377","title":"Numerical Study of Liquid-Liquid Vertical Dispersed Flows","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Shell Canada","keywords":"Mechanics; Turbulence; Computational fluid dynamics; Turbulence kinetic energy; Turbulence modeling; Volume fraction; Materials science; Computer simulation; Dispersion (optics); Viscosity; Two-phase flow; Numerical analysis; Large eddy simulation; Continuous phase modulation; Kinetic energy; Phase (matter); Flow (mathematics); Physics; Engineering; Classical mechanics; Optics; Mathematics; Composite material","score_opus":0.009644099847593434,"score_gpt":0.2244270488716503,"score_spread":0.21478294902405687,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2065790943","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9809167,0.000075209566,0.012353931,0.0000102561935,0.000329755,0.00011088699,7.24704e-7,0.00013140809,0.006071156],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99938774,0.0000032175362,0.0004465298,0.000016592485,0.0000767536,0.0000081932685,0.0000013467177,0.000023109866,0.000036499106],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993475,0.000012591883,0.00018268844,0.00007620477,0.00012368525,0.00025735074],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996694,0.000029330578,0.000004190112,0.00017026186,0.0000138184305,0.000112996495],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000082673694,0.000095800715,0.00015338187,0.000036126676,0.000018022865,0.0000053212816,0.000081554426,0.000041381874,0.0001783791],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000016258158,0.00008164188,0.0000414094,0.00009746854,0.000008876307,0.00008653418,0.000027815795,0.00008230612,0.00004959705],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007856439,0.0054670055,0.02047171,0.0002806805,0.00075929816,0.000026598693,0.01662514,0.16554838,0.75898975,0.02612481,0.0024661692,0.0024547966],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015138492,0.0017375071,0.008111199,0.000020960728,0.00008241516,0.0000081093485,0.0013775786,0.9634771,0.021371694,0.0000047742465,0.0017247124,0.0005701233],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000043644126,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000095394735,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7979287,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000027386974,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003912984,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.33292592},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2066033796","doi":"10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2008.03.011","title":"Two-phase damping and interface surface area in tubes with vertical internal flow","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Fluids and Structures","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Piping; Mechanics; Bubble; Flow (mathematics); SPHERES; Two-phase flow; Phase (matter); Tube (container); Materials science; Physics; Thermodynamics; Composite material","score_opus":0.008020772974117765,"score_gpt":0.23245277091982872,"score_spread":0.22443199794571095,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2066033796","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9841481,0.0030222388,0.012499804,0.000028413608,0.00014142701,0.000029096596,0.000002687918,0.000009513355,0.00011873862],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99447745,0.00053560146,0.004895677,0.000016571605,0.000054718123,1.5473957e-7,3.360795e-7,0.00001351713,0.0000059982744],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993892,0.000012332752,0.00025136658,0.000080655336,0.000117408716,0.00014907704],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99976754,0.00003657023,0.000012951019,0.0000546714,0.000032988184,0.00009529006],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000084087114,0.00012347197,0.00022571384,0.0000831043,0.000038897226,0.000041053532,0.00006669774,0.00003927966,0.000010138489],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000016445032,0.00008795835,0.000025406714,0.000054524877,0.00006506134,0.00014802613,0.000023260118,0.000258204,9.505667e-8],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009595622,0.00007721635,0.076534614,0.00020369458,0.00036629566,0.0013387303,0.0062990813,0.2697047,0.6281398,0.0013960887,0.00070572895,0.01427448],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005444931,0.00069777307,0.041827172,0.00042278095,0.000043468874,0.005644888,0.00042039162,0.92417383,0.020099668,0.0006249411,0.00021031569,0.00038981577],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000016036995,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000025650641,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.65446913,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000026326592,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015401913,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.35868376},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2066909126","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450810203","title":"Mixing Time in a Short Bubble Column","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Mixing (physics); Bubble; Circulation (fluid dynamics); Mechanics; Viscosity; Flow (mathematics); Range (aeronautics); Materials science; Thermodynamics; Physics; Composite material","score_opus":0.003704142110557976,"score_gpt":0.1528417730828644,"score_spread":0.14913763097230642,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2066909126","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99588865,0.0007065649,0.00085802225,0.0000537836,0.00028049253,0.00005148422,0.000002011164,0.000020525971,0.002138458],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99909776,0.0000030245926,0.00076647685,0.000020461706,0.000053774373,0.0000015197178,5.6305277e-7,0.00003128622,0.000025121357],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99924797,0.000006985922,0.0002645005,0.00005260339,0.00009732725,0.00033061966],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995465,0.000049361668,0.000010378514,0.000101497324,0.000030054152,0.00026217633],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003125284,0.00010837954,0.00017190729,0.0001511331,0.000024090328,0.000032809778,0.00018630103,0.00006689935,0.00003683855],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000116897696,0.0000988544,0.00006137322,0.0002123582,0.00001875429,0.00007442991,0.0000043558794,0.00038674322,0.0000062411596],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000017550357,0.000003990012,0.00039423822,0.000035629444,0.000048084563,0.00014266615,0.00033656292,0.6509548,0.3457404,0.0014386491,0.00053575827,0.00036748176],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00054706755,0.000023502527,0.00035192724,0.00035053707,0.00003466276,0.0007229356,0.000024848174,0.86969286,0.11816574,0.0003655443,0.009178191,0.0005421972],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002492896,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00047391353,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.22757468,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00031427873,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013395619,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.40311655},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2067011006","doi":"10.1115/gt2009-59035","title":"Further Developments of a Variable Fuel Flow Automatic Mixing Valve for Prescribed Injection Ratio","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Diesel fuel; Body orifice; Materials science; Fuel oil; Nozzle; Emulsion; Emulsified fuel; Mixing (physics); Volumetric flow rate; Petroleum engineering; Fuel injection; Turbine; Gasoline; Vapor lock; Thrust specific fuel consumption; Viscosity; Environmental science; Mechanics; Waste management; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Composite material; Combustion chamber; Combustion","score_opus":0.006875367008163452,"score_gpt":0.20075048548592195,"score_spread":0.19387511847775848,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2067011006","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.054485306,0.000094690186,0.93336105,0.000015305142,0.00029891534,0.00034519195,0.0000046014698,0.0002749657,0.0111199785],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.769485,0.0000053201306,0.22994387,0.000039417177,0.000026202262,0.000021628623,0.000012700949,0.00001808254,0.00044774965],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994498,0.000005406225,0.00021660319,0.000091769456,0.00007499717,0.00016142898],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99978644,0.000025530924,0.000021253294,0.00009572888,0.000043595704,0.000027442697],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000120054756,0.00009429045,0.00012710101,0.000070386144,0.000026543488,0.000020392272,0.000058726753,0.000051618863,0.000042825643],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000023113378,0.000092316564,0.000047608693,0.000116569754,0.000003669337,0.000118532575,0.0000071182294,0.000038577273,0.000004038359],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000023108461,0.00013966826,0.0002948468,0.0009317383,0.0003950462,9.547728e-7,0.004913076,0.6578091,0.24198371,0.0144645255,0.0032904344,0.07575383],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00034789185,0.00004141515,0.001116117,0.00004904366,0.000016489552,0.0000019484726,0.000040248193,0.9935751,0.0028540161,0.0016044269,0.00023407162,0.00011922389],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000012181895,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009310554,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.71499974,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000050371058,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000026539274,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.37645602},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2067565202","doi":"10.1139/p05-044","title":"Optimal shape of slowly rising gas bubbles","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Physics","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Physics; Ideal gas; Compressibility; Simple (philosophy); Ordinary differential equation; Bubble; Classical mechanics; Differential equation; Ideal (ethics); Partial differential equation; Mechanics; Mathematical analysis; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.006787930717381484,"score_gpt":0.18193033688114046,"score_spread":0.17514240616375898,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2067565202","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98424387,0.0009908585,0.012472495,0.000072464056,0.00027688456,0.000021735292,0.000014305539,0.000007086084,0.0019002734],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99228245,0.000032422096,0.007165929,0.000024276396,0.0004512377,1.3641373e-7,0.0000010892708,0.000021700103,0.000020781315],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.999467,0.000005145178,0.00021817794,0.00003819242,0.00007915063,0.00019233217],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99953663,0.000014800808,0.00005661336,0.000074306496,0.0000832818,0.00023437175],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008060276,0.000078118166,0.00014910605,0.000083458195,0.0000334203,0.000023577066,0.00012675524,0.00003214106,0.000035637422],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000010616876,0.00008308119,0.000082414525,0.000097254466,0.000026626114,0.00015689713,0.0000036658557,0.00014974717,0.0000051230363],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000026022863,0.000008217796,0.0005228275,0.000041672687,0.00008303342,0.00004173863,0.0009044807,0.886251,0.013934002,0.0040916596,0.0024734866,0.09164531],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00059045973,0.000094326315,0.001286168,0.00030108812,0.00007082757,0.00010608097,0.00019241033,0.9618591,0.015572086,0.0011497627,0.01841631,0.00036138712],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00025076547,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0015695329,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.09128392,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000114209965,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00020502775,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.33879527},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2068216602","doi":"10.1016/j.ces.2009.11.039","title":"Hydrogenation of nitrile butadiene rubber in a multistage agitated contactor: Experiments and numerical simulation","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Science","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Contactor; Natural rubber; Nitrile; Mass transfer; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Catalysis; Chemistry; Flow (mathematics); Thermodynamics; Chromatography; Organic chemistry; Mechanics; Engineering","score_opus":0.006407743041635832,"score_gpt":0.2273549629779597,"score_spread":0.22094721993632388,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2068216602","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9753744,0.00011405302,0.024209654,0.0000039033944,0.000044136985,0.000066061126,0.000002081205,0.00007321228,0.0001124911],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976126,0.000002970645,0.0023535006,0.0000059846607,0.000008840025,0.0000026463524,0.0000031557272,0.00000764362,0.0000026805935],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99936175,0.0000014861484,0.00016866397,0.0001421686,0.00013638161,0.00018952833],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997719,0.00003470513,0.000014131327,0.000081758735,0.000027300206,0.000070194656],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008778281,0.00008749439,0.00011541263,0.00012143897,0.000012508,0.000017813787,0.00008730015,0.000038469447,0.0000023759687],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010073888,0.00009410135,0.000014434495,0.00036920822,0.000033346827,0.00016873119,0.000015436119,0.00007571587,8.5069115e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000001396756,0.00000869192,0.00008103935,0.0000072622292,8.800117e-7,9.4185276e-7,0.00012136946,0.33721116,0.66185015,0.00017676268,3.6641197e-7,0.00053996174],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00016481588,0.00000836301,0.0014405615,0.000020428584,9.3430657e-7,0.0000010651207,0.0000039387755,0.72291386,0.27535,0.000013804366,0.00000882262,0.00007337699],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000040308582,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.233307e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.38650015,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009879011,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007831649,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.38373417},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2068278984","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20077","title":"Mechanisms of solids drawdown in stirred tanks","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":71,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Impeller; Drawdown (hydrology); Baffle; Mechanics; Vortex; Agitator; Turbulence; Mixing (physics); Rushton turbine; Materials science; Flow (mathematics); Particle (ecology); Geotechnical engineering; Geology; Engineering; Mechanical engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.005327650007869432,"score_gpt":0.15674389513875026,"score_spread":0.1514162451308808,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2068278984","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9866842,0.0005219761,0.011917583,0.00010728142,0.00044600782,0.000046269568,0.000005427814,0.000015931571,0.00025529388],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99856216,0.000008792957,0.0013257826,0.0000144553405,0.000050208702,9.143491e-7,6.943099e-7,0.000024678144,0.000012301842],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99925894,0.00000403198,0.00032210472,0.00004406556,0.00011726667,0.00025356904],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995754,0.00003984929,0.000034017583,0.00010482908,0.000040874194,0.00020506985],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015499158,0.000102520935,0.00020496517,0.00018059104,0.000020114403,0.000009529596,0.00023199874,0.00007208073,0.000015858384],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006576149,0.00008826433,0.00007051755,0.00018574616,0.000034888468,0.00006153521,0.000007683995,0.0003464343,0.0000011047042],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000031109996,0.000003481731,0.000056389887,0.000037043836,0.00003541234,0.00012993804,0.00050277315,0.4264114,0.5705448,0.0017999705,0.00021904462,0.00025670414],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00074063946,0.0000386223,0.00072102627,0.00031933238,0.000024578452,0.00075988745,0.000024873916,0.6926274,0.30259347,0.0012828978,0.0005151108,0.00035216555],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004173857,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002532804,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.26795128,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017329956,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013935335,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.35993147},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2069326296","doi":"10.1002/cjce.21624","title":"Study of pressure fluctuations in an internal loop airlift bioreactor","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Coherence (philosophical gambling strategy); Pressure gradient; Coupling (piping); Mechanics; Physics; Materials science","score_opus":0.012504456288609902,"score_gpt":0.19189283799662174,"score_spread":0.17938838170801183,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2069326296","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9989375,0.00018977695,0.00044375195,0.000007743341,0.00020572859,0.00006298915,0.0000044033145,0.000010192616,0.00013793407],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996132,0.0000011184812,0.0002925215,0.0000039564275,0.00006135341,0.0000016285177,5.8336747e-7,0.00002172387,0.000003867833],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99936175,0.000007703306,0.00030841943,0.00004961401,0.00009496572,0.00017751857],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995497,0.000023187955,0.000039049748,0.00013088937,0.000055021705,0.0002021786],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015548346,0.00009388602,0.00015908117,0.00019332812,0.000012503761,0.000015296177,0.0002949237,0.000047165482,0.00002628474],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004849901,0.00007759212,0.000038850383,0.00013764169,0.000019019815,0.00011672436,0.000009036959,0.00031241498,5.73834e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000027169179,0.00015256014,0.013940307,0.00010833919,0.0003824392,0.0002061499,0.02473762,0.53713745,0.42031682,0.0013228982,0.000104986866,0.0015632333],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0021786138,0.00045098213,0.04523422,0.00047814418,0.00022898507,0.00023745188,0.0011138205,0.84293735,0.1058617,0.00026981224,0.00027968446,0.0007292114],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0018603088,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0030876033,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.31445512,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006893245,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006603696,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.31641147},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2069607284","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2008.01.007","title":"Bubble and liquid turbulence characteristics of bubbly flow in a large diameter vertical pipe","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":114,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Turbulence; Bubble; Mechanics; Materials science; Two-phase flow; Porosity; Dimensionless quantity; Void (composites); Local Void; Physics; Flow (mathematics); Composite material","score_opus":0.007785642227896289,"score_gpt":0.22295739432576483,"score_spread":0.21517175209786854,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2069607284","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9428385,0.00029699015,0.055892203,0.00006744917,0.00074373954,0.00003827097,0.000060040762,0.000009563248,0.000053249794],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9864333,0.00055417296,0.012753487,0.00005049904,0.00017223238,0.0000012989503,0.0000067303504,0.000016162941,0.000012108417],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989782,0.000015367363,0.00048937125,0.00007951418,0.00028676906,0.00015077417],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99949497,0.00009152476,0.00005775568,0.000069165515,0.00020325661,0.00008334645],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001780476,0.000106583,0.00022007318,0.00021214799,0.0000149273865,0.000014981002,0.00018234651,0.00005683598,0.00003461889],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017798468,0.00010053899,0.00007086364,0.0000592647,0.000039992516,0.00018620625,0.000038397004,0.00020919273,0.0000030140131],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.004243406,0.0028043026,0.08158964,0.00036389186,0.0013885834,0.008108091,0.011127726,0.20582671,0.6140839,0.00062924623,0.0014663427,0.068368174],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0020769432,0.00014079377,0.013025266,0.00021443436,0.000011736126,0.00038641115,0.000016534266,0.97730756,0.006039348,0.000024377987,0.00062252436,0.00013405333],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007038897,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008102813,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.77148086,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006709013,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000031827145,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4099861},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2069992049","doi":"10.1115/1.1521710","title":"Experimental Investigation of Multiple Solutions for Liquid Holdup in Upward Inclined Stratified Flow","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Energy Resources Technology","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Stratified flow; Stratified flows; Flow (mathematics); Mechanics; Object (grammar); Work (physics); Statistical physics; Geology; Mathematics; Geotechnical engineering; Computer science; Physics; Thermodynamics; Artificial intelligence; Turbulence","score_opus":0.012833776575128826,"score_gpt":0.21503779279904656,"score_spread":0.20220401622391773,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2069992049","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9755135,0.0012939268,0.022689722,0.00007429353,0.00016509465,0.000050851442,0.0000041086573,0.000037990114,0.0001704839],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9880714,0.000042100502,0.011796543,0.00001144841,0.000030392663,0.000012391389,0.0000025350735,0.000018620449,0.000014604318],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99912477,0.000020715099,0.00049318693,0.00007772642,0.00008245088,0.00020116736],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995836,0.00006165974,0.00013535171,0.000111563524,0.00006958309,0.000038247697],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022560549,0.00009881437,0.00023552384,0.0005337807,0.000037714275,0.000006623304,0.00014269396,0.00018340336,0.000004083951],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013202541,0.0000982058,0.00007103469,0.00027222827,0.00007577826,0.00007215872,0.000021470145,0.00014915144,1.4327125e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006010835,0.000046531684,0.00051731896,0.000019079982,0.00004641894,0.000005542161,0.0002870584,0.15838744,0.8289097,0.011009599,0.00009010094,0.000621128],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0019343307,0.0007772009,0.00016453833,0.00010861775,0.000018846924,0.00006503815,0.00083395524,0.20579408,0.7823415,0.0025260665,0.005233859,0.00020199896],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008261535,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006824786,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.04740664,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000068835936,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000028284763,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.40047163},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2070226257","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450810341","title":"Mass Transfer Characteristics in Gas‐liquid‐liquid System","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":44,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Mass transfer; Mass transfer coefficient; Heptane; Chemistry; Decane; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Absorption (acoustics); Toluene; Bubble; Dodecane; Phase (matter); Chromatography; Materials science; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.004010996010929111,"score_gpt":0.14877096796989012,"score_spread":0.144759971958961,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2070226257","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9893304,0.0004902204,0.008585551,0.00006248049,0.0006364787,0.00006340713,0.0000083691575,0.00003060522,0.00079245743],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995013,0.000008125967,0.0003049289,0.000017497618,0.000115350966,0.0000025942772,0.0000012066807,0.000044909557,0.000004082446],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99899215,0.0000124605895,0.0004206948,0.00006604952,0.0001195986,0.00038906268],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99943364,0.000044538054,0.000019712807,0.00012942408,0.00004431851,0.0003283484],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00034593686,0.00015517286,0.00025625378,0.0001735509,0.0000264454,0.000038781698,0.0002189074,0.000099580044,0.00001620039],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000072767994,0.00013506826,0.00008358922,0.00018567659,0.000020987909,0.00007110949,0.0000024144776,0.0004943888,0.000003627001],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002437226,0.0000049252385,0.000061295505,0.00026664912,0.000084769425,0.00035891923,0.00060284825,0.16323881,0.81487477,0.020262389,0.000060548336,0.00015971833],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0017858398,0.00019315342,0.000091828115,0.0016481125,0.00012829503,0.0016993966,0.00017622307,0.46965447,0.5146575,0.00009267418,0.008578273,0.0012942423],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00011212929,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000119180724,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.30641568,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004844084,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014353283,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.55079234},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2070310555","doi":"10.1016/j.ces.2005.03.011","title":"Using in-line static mixers to intensify gas–liquid mass transfer processes","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Science","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":50,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Bayer (Canada); Dalhousie University","funders":"","keywords":"Contactor; Mass transfer; Mass transfer coefficient; Oxygen; Static mixer; Mixing (physics); Liquid oxygen; Chemistry; Process engineering; Mechanics; Materials science; Mechanical engineering; Nuclear engineering; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Thermodynamics; Chromatography; Engineering","score_opus":0.012345553941148737,"score_gpt":0.2291260310723875,"score_spread":0.21678047713123877,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2070310555","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7683739,0.00008688859,0.23096639,0.000079597485,0.00014098058,0.000088773886,0.0000025524296,0.0001679526,0.00009293525],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9595059,0.000011505313,0.040298987,0.00007389931,0.00006112355,0.0000102874865,0.0000011670913,0.000032513846,0.000004622946],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987262,0.0000013336485,0.00023958752,0.00027017226,0.00023214893,0.00053054525],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995232,0.00003706449,0.0000050052076,0.00016083212,0.000072632676,0.00020125092],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001812198,0.00017522387,0.00017317054,0.0002417981,0.000025968706,0.00004842637,0.00030924857,0.000049398823,0.0000071822124],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00022828896,0.0001848799,0.000025242274,0.0011951718,0.00006310574,0.00026274304,0.00003115422,0.0001928244,0.00001010844],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000021259295,0.0000040568557,0.0000030702795,0.00006141616,0.0000012442734,0.000002026077,0.00014816638,0.47290492,0.526594,0.00005575151,0.0000029674936,0.00022026511],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008220378,0.000009381371,0.0000052702203,0.00009538673,0.000002418478,0.000005633966,0.000012863044,0.6058972,0.39361942,0.0000057054403,0.00010678516,0.00015771849],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004305279,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001876614,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.19113196,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002916405,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000061554114,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.75391835},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2070846888","doi":"10.1016/s0889-9746(03)00024-0","title":"Vortex shedding and fluidelastic instability in a normal square tube array excited by two-phase cross-flow","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Fluids and Structures","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":43,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"McMaster University","keywords":"Vortex shedding; Mechanics; Instability; Pressure drop; Bundle; Heat exchanger; Flow (mathematics); Vortex-induced vibration; Vibration; Vortex; Strouhal number; Two-phase flow; Materials science; Physics; Reynolds number; Thermodynamics; Turbulence; Acoustics; Composite material","score_opus":0.005039564641491717,"score_gpt":0.24530578115786983,"score_spread":0.2402662165163781,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2070846888","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97982377,0.0043515973,0.015146564,0.000011409803,0.00031966277,0.0000687263,0.000025167405,0.000015246493,0.00023787071],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99684227,0.00024174721,0.0027952485,0.000026257612,0.00006091665,0.0000010625347,0.0000025467953,0.00002112693,0.000008799946],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99882466,0.000041359126,0.0005533284,0.00014393489,0.00017253037,0.00026418883],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995383,0.00007652769,0.00005443049,0.00010123256,0.00007241031,0.00015710296],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003584601,0.00019736745,0.0003285545,0.00016351703,0.00008251501,0.00013891165,0.00007796361,0.00009220395,0.000044463104],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001396747,0.00016556098,0.000060803533,0.0001417879,0.00007276219,0.0002944722,0.00001348137,0.00033729564,1.4093006e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00027188196,0.00011518197,0.09094921,0.00051269785,0.00020666789,0.00019474073,0.0027556361,0.093898445,0.7871042,0.0046244157,0.00051710044,0.018849846],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.019747617,0.0011315609,0.18007974,0.00048571033,0.00016243962,0.0021275282,0.0008760466,0.7530658,0.020796437,0.01592332,0.0039232485,0.0016805293],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000013963981,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000022411103,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7663077,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000057105397,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000027517392,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6751381},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2070894541","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450800420","title":"Experimental Analysis of Hydrodynamics Induced by a Moritz HAS Impeller in Laminar and Turbulent Regimes","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Impeller; Laminar flow; Turbulence; Mechanics; Slip factor; Flow (mathematics); Physics; Turbulence kinetic energy; Kinetic energy; Materials science; Classical mechanics","score_opus":0.008167205352764897,"score_gpt":0.17276443639188704,"score_spread":0.16459723103912216,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2070894541","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.996143,0.0033582726,0.00015750954,0.00016307237,0.000074355026,0.000034825,0.0000064679193,0.000007198477,0.000055317785],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997368,0.000023165896,0.00016815777,0.00001177407,0.000024253384,0.0000011967663,0.000002498976,0.000020229269,0.000011926148],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99930155,0.0000056612053,0.0003018665,0.00006691401,0.00010529066,0.00021869375],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996025,0.000034226185,0.000041554707,0.00010647084,0.000021193156,0.00019406302],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011650303,0.000120677396,0.00026839893,0.00031323283,0.00001903872,0.000030097224,0.00015360628,0.00007182492,0.000018410863],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000024374296,0.00010687421,0.00008265467,0.00036092053,0.000036576617,0.00006521765,0.000009480033,0.00026364095,3.6083296e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000029586945,0.000013031429,0.00008766924,0.000026609683,0.0003705232,0.000040620864,0.0018709789,0.3167308,0.67998844,0.00018730237,0.0004349045,0.00024615633],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00020860344,0.00001640237,0.00006876808,0.000043098215,0.0000743595,0.00003398486,0.000037185906,0.96575755,0.03345158,0.000005750441,0.00018346391,0.000119272896],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00060687395,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00016621793,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.64902675,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019931185,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001998336,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4358204},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2071249162","doi":"10.1080/07388550108984172","title":"Hydrodynamic and Mass Transfer Characteristics of Three-Phase Gaslift Bioreactor Systems","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Critical Reviews in Biotechnology","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":60,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Mass transfer; Mass transfer coefficient; Mixing (physics); Bioreactor; Mechanics; Aeration; Superficial velocity; Particle (ecology); Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Materials science; Flow (mathematics); Physics; Geology","score_opus":0.034935109475476865,"score_gpt":0.31447075105379746,"score_spread":0.2795356415783206,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2071249162","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00008095634,0.969592,0.028089138,0.00002937674,0.0007320112,0.0010045558,0.00020779476,0.00015241842,0.00011178801],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00058855326,0.9985142,0.00047340433,0.0000061273645,0.00007694598,0.00016370416,0.00006999625,0.00009993662,0.0000071346794],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9970877,0.0000909143,0.0017034503,0.0004660235,0.000108157044,0.0005437143],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99892175,0.00024483912,0.00006723665,0.0006307916,0.000026805146,0.00010855905],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004241283,0.0005794337,0.003554184,0.00054788054,0.00002106022,0.000022408714,0.00039992464,0.0015010384,0.000016912094],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00043305723,0.0004915988,0.0002894196,0.0005818111,0.00045645365,0.000048311314,0.00005873212,0.0010560879,0.00002810369],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000011374706,0.000043437143,0.0000012308383,0.053738344,0.000032840424,0.00004554097,0.0000033349277,5.447828e-7,0.0001996394,0.018781275,0.00001382659,0.92713886],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00017890106,0.000078640434,6.698926e-7,0.02635396,0.00036078357,0.00013866114,0.000002773609,0.013145645,0.000003502666,0.00019642664,0.9590619,0.0004781433],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007074943,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009282365,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9590481,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013237877,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000032434877,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997952},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2071375177","doi":"10.1016/j.jlp.2006.02.003","title":"CFD simulation of shortstopping runaway reactions in vessels agitated with impellers and jets","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Impeller; Computational fluid dynamics; Mixing (physics); Nozzle; Jet (fluid); Mechanics; Rushton turbine; Fluent; Mechanical engineering; Turbine; Power (physics); Turbulence; Engineering; Nuclear engineering; Thermodynamics; Physics","score_opus":0.01243433627519386,"score_gpt":0.2562783383118603,"score_spread":0.24384400203666645,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2071375177","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.993633,0.00031530138,0.0054544993,0.00006420327,0.00004612077,0.0000966544,0.0000013915488,0.0000070533342,0.00038178568],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99976283,0.00006400198,0.00009812553,0.0000023243638,0.000028679358,0.0000030640433,0.0000020201,0.000008829305,0.00003010139],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99924743,0.000028894923,0.0004332149,0.00005056211,0.00014622325,0.00009369838],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99958175,0.00008056858,0.000173449,0.000050878603,0.000099988785,0.000013350316],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00041291476,0.0000740158,0.00013853442,0.00022345847,0.000029196779,0.000028688959,0.00007205999,0.00006470934,0.0000028171264],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003889514,0.00005558049,0.000019386209,0.00037747566,0.00004055217,0.00035658854,0.0000055819132,0.00026677104,5.085009e-8],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000024206374,0.000040722098,0.016221678,0.000091105794,0.000016372238,0.00001148779,0.00087355945,0.9802089,0.00066866673,0.00017358351,0.000011310889,0.0016584285],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00600556,0.0006722938,0.23526974,0.007150479,0.00022634475,0.00077522843,0.021656035,0.6814815,0.012467733,0.032625813,0.00078722584,0.00088206364],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001631554,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000054955173,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2987274,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000039910276,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000043278214,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.22665067},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2071667193","doi":"10.1115/omae2007-29099","title":"Application of CFD Methods to the Analysis of the Flow in Air-Lift Pump","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Computational fluid dynamics; Lift (data mining); Mechanics; Multiphase flow; Volume of fluid method; Volumetric flow rate; Flow (mathematics); Control volume; Pipe flow; Airflow; Range (aeronautics); Two-phase flow; Fluid dynamics; Materials science; Computer science; Simulation; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Turbulence; Aerospace engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.005832120570973068,"score_gpt":0.27197976828322495,"score_spread":0.2661476477122519,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2071667193","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.17688987,0.000029497776,0.82015777,0.00007052545,0.00003245482,0.00008273229,0.000002042768,0.000010830433,0.0027242578],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.961571,0.000003292545,0.038312834,0.000043535623,0.0000066466264,0.0000046870337,0.0000013474602,0.000004962896,0.000051704363],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99962896,0.000013920219,0.00016808588,0.000052856172,0.00006258912,0.00007359089],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996351,0.00007720989,0.000015283309,0.0002421702,0.00001795039,0.00001226801],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006417132,0.000038585968,0.000098927754,0.0001070802,0.00000916659,0.0000013189411,0.00013043646,0.0000234549,0.000008486686],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000018610725,0.000022480994,0.00006035769,0.0009639944,0.000007297209,0.00001197465,0.00002494,0.000041291158,0.0000010284925],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000013677268,0.000006787812,0.0030241949,0.000007713847,0.00008338077,3.21924e-8,0.00033101247,0.9042133,0.042827535,0.003119829,0.000017314946,0.04636754],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000025708472,0.0000015873472,0.08635556,0.0000021181627,0.000045086275,5.296549e-8,0.000056673045,0.89371824,0.01903979,0.000051844516,0.0006764156,0.000026904785],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00025569953,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002089286,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.78468114,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000017990995,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000025621632,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.11658706},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2071668727","doi":"10.1016/s0009-2509(99)00403-0","title":"Active volume of mean circulation for stirred tanks agitated with axial impellers","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Science","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":85,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Impeller; Mechanics; Volume (thermodynamics); Baffle; Axial compressor; Turbulence; Materials science; Physics; Thermodynamics; Gas compressor","score_opus":0.004035773945062538,"score_gpt":0.18025055095269382,"score_spread":0.17621477700763127,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2071668727","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9608635,0.00001775475,0.03819393,0.000010318847,0.000113175796,0.00013733111,0.000012582927,0.0001514888,0.0004999542],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9933953,0.00000246105,0.0064944364,0.0000029893727,0.00002710204,0.000011015212,0.0000077743,0.000021529471,0.000037361668],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992476,8.18971e-7,0.00013801854,0.0001774568,0.0001699743,0.00026613433],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996768,0.000028869525,0.000014022941,0.00013021787,0.000065917586,0.00008412061],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008292402,0.00011143543,0.00012573035,0.00007385327,0.000028026197,0.000021114676,0.00017059648,0.000042990356,0.000019254125],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000038663406,0.00010892056,0.000032350166,0.0004156462,0.00009886388,0.0001807417,0.00000952599,0.00008239227,0.0000025755462],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000079766205,0.00000403631,0.000010181936,0.000025387553,0.0000062945687,3.1305288e-7,0.00013660568,0.4909533,0.5062013,0.000047618523,0.00001177708,0.0025952],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00023008062,0.000016271164,0.00038516973,0.00003218911,0.0000064873166,0.0000030699105,0.00000954728,0.8663351,0.1327398,0.000016709115,0.00009230944,0.0001332471],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000042631987,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.985727e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.37538183,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010402376,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002870957,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.44416517},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2071821366","doi":"10.2202/1542-6580.1217","title":"Mixing Characteristics of an Axial-Flow Rotor: Experimental and Numerical Study","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Chemical Reactor Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Cégep de Jonquière; Université du Québec à Chicoutimi; Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"","keywords":"Impeller; Mechanics; Coalescence (physics); Turbulence; Computational fluid dynamics; Bubble; Fluent; Vortex; Water model; Materials science; Mixing (physics); Flow (mathematics); Eulerian path; Physics","score_opus":0.005398572181139688,"score_gpt":0.23167422887626232,"score_spread":0.22627565669512265,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2071821366","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9909015,0.00015696547,0.008257266,0.000015267178,0.0005217264,0.000054765544,0.0000075040166,0.00003214932,0.000052852443],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.992754,0.000009085821,0.0065528126,0.0000071563322,0.0006383611,0.0000024105627,0.0000044079015,0.000031050506,7.33081e-7],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99895936,0.0000057137854,0.00048607172,0.00008776799,0.00032969317,0.00013138998],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99953973,0.000058714693,0.000091533555,0.00007665307,0.000104737635,0.00012864797],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011860399,0.00013864922,0.00024227815,0.00012467465,0.0000032042215,0.000037813574,0.00022520126,0.000052591262,0.000016341102],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007716555,0.00013868882,0.0000674865,0.000043264336,0.000012354492,0.00028707,0.00004303953,0.00022485066,7.969575e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002809689,0.00017127066,0.0005249305,0.000009868006,0.00012674977,0.000029911214,0.00046168928,0.002715429,0.9855181,0.000039315837,0.000008217759,0.010366432],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007769025,0.00011182429,0.0019049434,0.00008499481,0.000020757385,0.00016412228,0.00006444617,0.54665166,0.44941097,0.0000041744993,0.00061480823,0.00019038441],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002733025,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":8.797972e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.54393625,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013931944,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000114933655,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5655566},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2071982493","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450810312","title":"Fluid Dynamic Behaviour of Two‐ and Three‐Phase Airlift Reactors","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Ministero dell’Istruzione, dell’Università e della Ricerca; European Commission","keywords":"Airlift; Bubble; Mechanics; Volumetric flow rate; Flow (mathematics); Materials science; Two-phase flow; Circulation (fluid dynamics); Work (physics); Liquid flow; Environmental science; Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Physics","score_opus":0.004651263005822433,"score_gpt":0.18962564755204528,"score_spread":0.18497438454622284,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2071982493","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9942335,0.0013801564,0.0038686842,0.000034522152,0.00026838487,0.00004582798,0.00000920191,0.000014555927,0.00014515434],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990025,0.000011634982,0.000901942,0.000008320337,0.000034923756,8.695524e-7,0.0000011996485,0.000034330267,0.000004268068],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992581,0.0000057812827,0.00031018295,0.000060461607,0.00010771628,0.00025774652],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993954,0.0000491757,0.00004434155,0.0001301605,0.000050158174,0.00033078928],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002254174,0.00013441959,0.00021115884,0.00013799565,0.000027023549,0.00002504652,0.0001579437,0.00006311972,0.000015641737],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009100935,0.00011366645,0.00007204318,0.00012817571,0.000045447923,0.0000750546,0.0000062135355,0.00031338003,5.835335e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000057542884,0.00001330119,0.0009147609,0.00009240489,0.0001357204,0.00008411914,0.00044417952,0.11657569,0.8739726,0.005831481,0.00011348151,0.0018165424],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002423823,0.00010970363,0.00075233163,0.00038425555,0.00020001573,0.0010543638,0.000046611225,0.80215555,0.19020087,0.00091378676,0.0010976536,0.0006610619],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00030551667,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004696544,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.68557984,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000136147,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010435602,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.46351835},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2072008196","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450810335","title":"Quality of Mixedness Profiles Based on Spatial Distribution of Local Mass Transfer Coefficients in a Bubble Column","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Distributor; Bubble; Mass transfer; Column (typography); Turbulence; Absorption (acoustics); Mechanics; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Flow (mathematics); Carbon dioxide; Chemistry; Materials science; Geometry; Physics; Thermodynamics; Optics; Chromatography; Mathematics","score_opus":0.006662804990090757,"score_gpt":0.1861738561607397,"score_spread":0.17951105117064894,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2072008196","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7608364,0.00006209311,0.23878095,0.000015318408,0.00014576824,0.000059533737,0.000042801348,0.000004429543,0.000052666186],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997843,7.688097e-7,0.00016877984,0.0000046746495,0.000016159356,0.0000018327713,0.0000067034794,0.00001563658,0.0000011334346],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991118,0.000021602322,0.0004273211,0.00005466493,0.00017321626,0.00021140468],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995679,0.00008208762,0.000033919117,0.00009898613,0.00007053159,0.0001465421],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00042264978,0.000100295736,0.00024237041,0.000094861745,0.000012798877,0.00000830219,0.00013780578,0.000075263866,0.000010661363],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000112353046,0.00008987552,0.00007847685,0.00019548002,0.00005042783,0.000028297574,0.000001659056,0.00024530446,2.1669103e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000147047085,0.0000126766345,0.00025953114,0.000113588634,0.000013298902,0.0000052644536,0.00006682209,0.8854661,0.112675555,0.0011291557,0.000009185528,0.00023408725],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00070571067,0.000034772813,0.001080419,0.00023953881,0.000011135259,0.0000054444085,0.000021708862,0.6838261,0.31384113,0.000035408855,0.00007161721,0.00012700004],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010355095,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005053367,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.23894787,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00026306525,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00017798757,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.36650172},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2072776908","doi":"10.1252/jcej.10we226","title":"Power Demand and Mixing Performance of Coaxial Mixers in Non-Newtonian Fluids","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING OF JAPAN","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":46,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Petro-Canada","funders":"PetroChina Company Limited","keywords":"Impeller; Mechanics; Rushton turbine; Turbine; Coaxial; Mixing (physics); Rotation (mathematics); Dispersion (optics); Newtonian fluid; Rotational speed; Non-Newtonian fluid; Reynolds number; Power (physics); Power consumption; Materials science; Physics; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Optics; Thermodynamics; Geometry; Turbulence; Mathematics","score_opus":0.0016634893579704053,"score_gpt":0.16729605855646673,"score_spread":0.16563256919849634,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2072776908","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9975809,0.00016305935,0.0017399366,0.000012276035,0.00033643979,0.000034761742,0.0000016512524,0.000010230001,0.000120761775],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99046874,0.00004193404,0.009393412,0.0000024860765,0.00006574764,4.1921658e-7,4.4464056e-7,0.000024286734,0.0000025294487],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991042,0.0000020449813,0.00049748115,0.000066106215,0.0001493034,0.00018086795],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996283,0.000052298907,0.00007462974,0.00009459866,0.00005246078,0.000097684024],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002277696,0.00012783808,0.0003319793,0.0001907799,0.0000057903485,0.0000082492315,0.00013832036,0.00011043429,0.0000074339996],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000616024,0.0001257536,0.000070083595,0.00012068048,0.00003850156,0.00013084384,0.000025893694,0.00043912476,2.0381997e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015828517,0.000014349089,0.0026582715,0.00020708049,0.000025205467,0.000001907145,0.00027017994,0.022306986,0.9740939,0.000033334665,0.000013668815,0.00035927593],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00070011517,0.00007693477,0.0067312727,0.0003271927,0.0000145835875,0.00007449388,0.000021696003,0.5224057,0.4694182,0.000009310796,0.00006271968,0.00015780295],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003057135,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.265192e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5046757,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000024788795,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001601894,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5128083},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2072979552","doi":"10.1007/s12206-013-1122-7","title":"A two-phase damping model on tube bundles subjected to two-phase cross-flow","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Hannam University","keywords":"Mechanics; Mass flux; Pressure drop; Drag; Drag coefficient; Added mass; Two-phase flow; Materials science; Thermodynamics; Damping ratio; Hydraulic diameter; Turbulence; Flow (mathematics); Physics; Vibration; Reynolds number","score_opus":0.01119649203288702,"score_gpt":0.29747973364633085,"score_spread":0.2862832416134438,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2072979552","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7998067,0.000040865998,0.19904512,0.0005313869,0.00022952097,0.000064458174,0.0000026488187,0.0000874446,0.00019181699],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98227894,0.000027176395,0.017418968,0.00018263608,0.0000668362,0.00000295188,2.3587917e-7,0.000014126498,0.000008139366],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99861443,0.000011269857,0.0003792204,0.00022264438,0.00035869115,0.00041374113],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991792,0.000058151185,0.000070591996,0.0002156086,0.000245894,0.00023058604],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012211686,0.00014178203,0.00027449074,0.00061737484,0.0001716487,0.00010231903,0.00048875203,0.00011031235,0.00000591745],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006757095,0.00011604972,0.00004325922,0.0008993287,0.00017033117,0.00022185376,0.00012180448,0.00040234125,0.0000057143584],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000039681643,0.00011091813,0.000013388145,0.000008245757,0.000010541639,0.000017290206,0.00003615494,0.0430149,0.8213267,0.06547003,0.000035949695,0.069916256],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0019982893,0.0008321435,0.000005305362,0.00005909004,0.000009746818,0.00012761839,0.00002116913,0.92916644,0.0553004,0.012114812,0.00022345486,0.00014151128],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000034301377,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000013962096,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.88615155,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010304531,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007328793,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.47323704},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2073841169","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20349","title":"Prediction of slip velocity in a Hanson mixer‐ settler extraction column","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Mass transfer; Physics; Chemistry; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.005770238971198746,"score_gpt":0.16820733495347404,"score_spread":0.1624370959822753,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2073841169","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9971702,0.00011086251,0.0016623577,0.00008432032,0.0007748238,0.000044854416,0.0000116222545,0.000013292572,0.00012765857],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990232,0.0000036362035,0.0007786991,0.0000060983957,0.00016042129,0.0000015654808,0.0000018124083,0.000018980723,0.00000560587],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99938357,0.0000040635014,0.0002793274,0.00004499242,0.00010240812,0.00018564283],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999612,0.00004361988,0.000040405488,0.00009152282,0.000050680326,0.00016180919],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026154701,0.00008195693,0.00013757647,0.00014979645,0.000017521203,0.000019089042,0.00013667799,0.0001031415,0.000021385793],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000098543176,0.00007596088,0.000053250664,0.00015407398,0.000025344874,0.00009940035,0.000004126886,0.00062595913,8.374019e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000032818543,0.0000037229654,0.00038471978,0.00003876945,0.000019898895,0.00001066479,0.00024910987,0.10520477,0.8926978,0.00022735386,0.00017804072,0.0009818664],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00039670084,0.000018423752,0.0065411525,0.00014621677,0.000022683067,0.00018744533,0.000016807791,0.8232628,0.16758835,0.00014349814,0.0015297513,0.00014617537],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00083291315,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00179986,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.72510946,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015418313,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009442156,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3097595},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2073943402","doi":"10.1002/aic.14816","title":"Emulation of gas‐liquid flow in packed beds for offshore floating applications using a swell simulation hexapod","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AIChE Journal","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":41,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Mechanics; Swell; Baffle; Flow (mathematics); Materials science; Engineering; Simulation; Physics; Thermodynamics; Mechanical engineering","score_opus":0.03783005658971379,"score_gpt":0.28692586844518053,"score_spread":0.24909581185546675,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2073943402","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.53682417,0.00016038373,0.46263224,0.000015003048,0.00009055373,0.0001613291,0.0000045965307,0.00001870188,0.00009300514],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.960806,0.000012137963,0.038913302,0.0000089986825,0.00020656,0.0000057552884,0.00001580253,0.000026666223,0.0000047424073],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99921846,0.000019138417,0.00038364937,0.00007670954,0.00013277442,0.00016926347],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995105,0.000071110866,0.0000888288,0.000097075026,0.00016023342,0.000072207826],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00044736214,0.00009115646,0.00014726985,0.00015958927,0.000053568463,0.000024816693,0.00007013171,0.00007267924,0.000003961243],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006823604,0.00009714543,0.000053751402,0.00019827469,0.0000090235035,0.00017963778,0.000012509463,0.00015040692,0.000001069091],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000021094693,0.000014500669,0.00043916592,0.000028654747,0.000013173023,4.413594e-7,0.00063199596,0.9694781,0.02570581,0.00011894539,0.000020054533,0.0035280741],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005971442,0.000044321576,0.00017460964,0.00006629182,0.000019613562,0.000008364667,0.00017293086,0.9960691,0.0014931888,0.0009493042,0.00030833774,0.00009683714],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009473034,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000243073,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.42398185,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000164737,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000046417375,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.39614758},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2073986121","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20535","title":"Hydrodynamics and flow regimes in turbulent bed contactor with non‐Newtonian liquids","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Mechanics; Turbulence; Contactor; Newtonian fluid; Flow (mathematics); Non-Newtonian fluid; Thermodynamics; Pressure drop; Viscosity; Materials science; Inlet; Physics; Geology","score_opus":0.004428378493372152,"score_gpt":0.14448815678509633,"score_spread":0.14005977829172417,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2073986121","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9973843,0.0005270967,0.0015192488,0.00010278182,0.00011935614,0.00005893953,0.000002627687,0.000015419717,0.00027019103],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99684334,0.000013827473,0.0030166863,0.000021537691,0.000057478985,0.0000018474587,8.9388175e-7,0.000036031553,0.000008353676],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99932826,0.0000037825382,0.0002249118,0.000068884285,0.00008439469,0.00028979685],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994845,0.000025369915,0.000028018945,0.000113681366,0.00003195033,0.0003164892],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013503086,0.00014307382,0.00019702948,0.00014472722,0.00002108818,0.000030635147,0.00017470088,0.000072474606,0.0000091437505],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000020862517,0.00010818632,0.00003582435,0.000118440126,0.000038017526,0.000091853515,0.0000075370504,0.0003812902,6.2536765e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011295381,0.000027662007,0.0027686174,0.00034043708,0.00044608396,0.0014648542,0.012620983,0.7373011,0.23920226,0.0025159176,0.00027587224,0.0029232246],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00048711293,0.000052399373,0.00085615483,0.0002491479,0.000025189653,0.00038480404,0.000022134274,0.9880769,0.0093676075,0.000053980944,0.0002028987,0.00022165783],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00062423415,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001359428,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.25077578,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019523283,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009755146,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.44117102},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2074264899","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20287","title":"The effects of impeller speed and holdup on mean drop size in a mixer settler with spiral‐type impeller","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Impeller; Drop (telecommunication); Materials science; Mechanics; Extractor; Spiral (railway); Slip factor; Dispersion (optics); Engineering; Mechanical engineering; Physics; Optics; Process engineering","score_opus":0.0018837605754406198,"score_gpt":0.1523306987804211,"score_spread":0.15044693820498048,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2074264899","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99866676,0.00039265014,0.00003077281,0.00014635561,0.00051782065,0.00008318228,0.0000013818593,0.000007985448,0.00015311371],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99960256,0.00001756,0.00018213001,0.000028632614,0.00010071933,7.296658e-7,2.6410189e-7,0.00003646936,0.000030936208],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992837,0.000006632978,0.0002237893,0.0000675097,0.0001276522,0.00029072966],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99925226,0.00027434228,0.000039553517,0.00016075166,0.000046251433,0.000226863],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022429352,0.00014549666,0.0001903975,0.000084924526,0.000032386994,0.000038345945,0.0002041623,0.00007933688,0.000008792711],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00019981615,0.00008782264,0.000042759366,0.00016213456,0.00006927203,0.00004736523,0.00001079239,0.00066828344,0.0000012035955],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002844647,0.000005081689,0.00033044888,0.00010099979,0.00008591583,0.00006815724,0.0006761814,0.015077069,0.9817453,0.00057576114,0.00035156496,0.00095509394],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0042116307,0.0005033262,0.008237276,0.00157637,0.00016482016,0.0007010538,0.000109000954,0.35410482,0.62144685,0.0004442355,0.0073228977,0.0011777062],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00027899293,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00093609473,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3602984,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006265735,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007572677,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.35813034},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2074320572","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450800217","title":"Prediction of dispersed phase holdup in a modified multi‐stage bubble column scrubber","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Contactor; Scrubber; Bubble; Materials science; Mechanics; Bubble column reactor; Liquid phase; Process engineering; Chromatography; Environmental science; Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Waste management; Engineering; Gas bubble; Physics","score_opus":0.024142901064540048,"score_gpt":0.19389717898721878,"score_spread":0.16975427792267872,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2074320572","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99451333,0.0005941734,0.004199747,0.000048239843,0.0002584532,0.00008121533,0.000036166413,0.000018530262,0.00025014806],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993132,0.000011840232,0.00052117195,0.000009542252,0.00006778861,0.0000024697845,0.00000195085,0.000027885957,0.000044164884],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992043,0.000005791317,0.00035555815,0.00005914876,0.00011499508,0.0002602406],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99953234,0.000033501383,0.000042355758,0.000118699754,0.00004020966,0.0002328689],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016580304,0.000111169866,0.00019669565,0.00018498347,0.000019360332,0.000023214054,0.00017925029,0.00007648344,0.000046006844],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000074243886,0.00010161401,0.00007331263,0.00020851207,0.00003165298,0.000099576246,0.0000062873155,0.00034515737,0.0000013800851],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004536893,0.000018516997,0.000095528616,0.000053584547,0.000037199057,0.00003824038,0.0006325543,0.6761352,0.32219115,0.00019560305,0.00018306467,0.00041481192],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010852587,0.000016968374,0.000093494695,0.00010724641,0.000012961489,0.000026973212,0.00001587956,0.9823436,0.01589559,0.000006400723,0.00030618423,0.00008943366],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006526618,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00043481227,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.30629557,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023698679,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003706179,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4143699},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2074412732","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20362","title":"Enhancement in gas holdup in bubble columns through use of vibrating internals","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Gas bubble; Petroleum engineering; Materials science; Mechanics; Environmental science; Acoustics; Nuclear engineering; Engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.009276614770975565,"score_gpt":0.18702357057578328,"score_spread":0.1777469558048077,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2074412732","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99711764,0.00015603832,0.0020837605,0.00008147016,0.0003642616,0.00005614565,0.0000030477902,0.000006084989,0.0001315613],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99651384,0.0000095040705,0.0033537752,0.000020621475,0.00006993005,0.000002237071,6.6844507e-7,0.000022782573,0.0000066400085],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99911225,0.000005409258,0.00044365335,0.000057031102,0.000105524865,0.00027613356],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995756,0.000085571766,0.000053154494,0.000118248754,0.00003650322,0.0001309152],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025124298,0.00010562425,0.00020985355,0.00015034435,0.000010915805,0.00004082293,0.0002219698,0.0000715138,0.000029704577],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016497845,0.00009687053,0.000052575335,0.00019415328,0.000027684064,0.00018114905,0.000014017718,0.0006350665,7.4133465e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000024761553,0.0000046088103,0.00064886716,0.000032742082,0.000015297403,0.000030048546,0.00060948567,0.19265833,0.8050863,0.0005350019,0.00004591031,0.00033090584],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00045628604,0.000021409774,0.0004801037,0.0005361551,0.000009503635,0.00007343782,0.000027755768,0.51843905,0.47873732,0.00022145447,0.00078349066,0.00021404872],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003180524,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008574518,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.326349,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015785365,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009370397,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4808022},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2075300223","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450820519","title":"Holdup Profile in Multistage Stirred‐Cell Liquid‐Liquid Extraction Column Using Population Balance Model","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Breakage; Coalescence (physics); Mechanics; Population; Drop (telecommunication); Experimental data; Materials science; Thermodynamics; Mathematics; Physics; Statistics; Engineering; Mechanical engineering","score_opus":0.008093533768214865,"score_gpt":0.19685616424746555,"score_spread":0.18876263047925068,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2075300223","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.970698,0.00033782676,0.028467227,0.000048922422,0.0002528582,0.00009148223,0.000010335044,0.000025508934,0.00006785467],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9941991,0.000004610488,0.005611351,0.000013586249,0.00011070266,0.0000024659137,0.000005348813,0.000042056497,0.000010794051],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991142,0.000004931285,0.00034703073,0.000082122606,0.00013123879,0.0003204691],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99954844,0.00001977881,0.0000572094,0.00011194263,0.00004237883,0.00022024925],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018265491,0.00013919362,0.0001754383,0.00016926168,0.00004120485,0.000043911106,0.00016242558,0.00010268292,0.000007666731],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004447418,0.0001391338,0.000059100104,0.00018093344,0.00001570607,0.00020099789,0.0000075986213,0.00045660583,0.0000015596705],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007577799,0.0000028166146,0.000015905265,0.000027806938,0.000004133668,0.000020002159,0.000102809034,0.6492794,0.3504373,0.00007227797,0.0000057115503,0.000024218409],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00036525432,0.000018123708,0.000054152108,0.0001337917,0.000010802855,0.00006814713,0.000007541215,0.94455266,0.054580815,0.000031969095,0.000023448481,0.00015329864],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0021760755,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00091937854,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2958565,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0010023162,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015654552,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5673712},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2075467040","doi":"10.1021/ie901130z","title":"Study of Solid−Liquid Mixing in Agitated Tanks through Computational Fluid Dynamics Modeling","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":156,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Impeller; Computational fluid dynamics; Mixing (physics); Rotational speed; Mechanics; Materials science; Turbulence; Homogeneity (statistics); Agitator; Eulerian path; Mechanical engineering; CFD-DEM; Engineering; Computer science; Physics","score_opus":0.06471966639202471,"score_gpt":0.3270133085141224,"score_spread":0.2622936421220977,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2075467040","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99649036,0.000039853323,0.0017777275,0.000018042327,0.00057737867,0.00031559097,0.00003850215,0.00017328151,0.00056924834],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992195,0.00000757902,0.00027911158,8.368712e-7,0.0002824953,0.000043488253,0.00005896385,0.00008174165,0.000026289661],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99769545,0.000025538373,0.0006419563,0.00034063574,0.00063682033,0.0006596229],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989455,0.0003031172,0.000030006498,0.00035679448,0.0002426147,0.00012200131],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008930456,0.00025725985,0.00036753537,0.00021203647,0.00006899162,0.00005479363,0.00043104458,0.00038081774,0.000026671893],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004995072,0.00030881763,0.000059929094,0.00084362604,0.000046615703,0.00017217583,0.00015158748,0.0022459696,0.0000033737078],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000022566019,0.00008164404,0.00007627974,0.000056899957,0.000034826542,0.000024718704,0.00029872896,0.66366726,0.33553645,0.000074997544,0.000019925294,0.00010567309],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012237792,0.0000644197,0.000017782713,0.000107204774,0.0000063807693,0.000011181828,0.00056036667,0.96378165,0.033885967,0.00006736029,0.000020146877,0.00025378005],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00016580208,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000042377716,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3016505,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002662745,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00011289027,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999364},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2075979775","doi":"10.1155/2012/569463","title":"Effect of Contaminants on the Gas Holdup and Mixing in Internal Airlift Reactors Equipped with Microbubble Generator","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Atlantic Canada Opportunities Agency; Dalhousie University","keywords":"Mechanics; Sparging; Airlift; Aeration; Coalescence (physics); Chemistry; Mixing (physics); Bubble; Materials science; Chromatography; Bioreactor; Physics","score_opus":0.0033452113320840806,"score_gpt":0.19628654408817212,"score_spread":0.19294133275608805,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2075979775","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99734294,0.0004316417,0.0015771089,0.000035706275,0.00045498088,0.0000450309,0.0000033100719,0.0000106569905,0.000098592645],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999299,0.000026634738,0.00042913118,0.000012823626,0.00020354343,0.0000020938342,0.0000011879835,0.00002310983,0.000002514181],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99922156,0.000012616124,0.00029543266,0.000054397326,0.00024750165,0.00016848234],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995014,0.00022063003,0.00007075996,0.000056719302,0.00006853384,0.0000819313],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00044097254,0.00012963606,0.00020001021,0.00013937843,0.0000043161303,0.0000202777,0.00018584597,0.00004553035,0.000004537064],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012627676,0.00008644757,0.00004619864,0.000064855885,0.00001877186,0.0001455368,0.000034053806,0.00027421318,6.1001674e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000116268464,0.000023098059,0.004987127,0.000041291416,0.00013512591,0.000026472013,0.00022993656,0.022410478,0.9702719,0.0003134778,0.00006174772,0.0013831186],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012449963,0.00013160921,0.00070429186,0.00073292054,0.000021760572,0.00025956263,0.000019472865,0.07791125,0.9185208,0.0000069867438,0.0002888606,0.00015750395],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000053664767,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.343719e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.055500776,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012471157,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000993184,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.352523},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2076217724","doi":"10.1016/j.cherd.2011.08.022","title":"Improving the dynamic performance of continuous-flow mixing of pseudoplastic fluids possessing yield stress using Maxblend impeller","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Process Safety and Environmental Protection","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Impeller; Mechanics; Slip factor; Mixing (physics); Shear thinning; Materials science; Baffle; Volumetric flow rate; Flow (mathematics); Shear stress; Rheology; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Physics; Composite material","score_opus":0.008270248196485239,"score_gpt":0.1698736612765493,"score_spread":0.16160341308006404,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2076217724","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8338273,0.0004078385,0.16523615,0.0000015667408,0.00010494262,0.00023206594,0.000016855896,0.000027676208,0.00014557593],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99882877,0.00027794493,0.0008214468,0.0000019888837,0.000015403044,0.000010740537,0.0000038850676,0.000028431221,0.000011392075],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99920464,0.000012384506,0.00030912558,0.00016063006,0.00012426244,0.00018896683],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997221,0.000017055183,0.00010505344,0.0001174869,0.000008173961,0.000030081119],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014583026,0.00015434853,0.00017368598,0.000056712437,0.00016414329,0.000011048947,0.00008337786,0.0000769601,0.0000245299],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00000849827,0.00013198725,0.00003687764,0.00008151628,0.00011374756,0.0002700612,0.000046543948,0.00017812222,5.7094377e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00022595184,0.00006621453,0.0037606081,0.0017325791,0.00006660859,0.0000015891678,0.0019018728,0.30233866,0.6458135,0.000009900257,1.1277127e-7,0.044082392],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00019730775,0.000082068625,0.0028887112,0.00023520332,0.000036392506,0.000029580442,0.0008283292,0.9462486,0.049295116,0.000016740269,0.0000010997431,0.00014086861],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007585682,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006925593,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.64390993,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005809192,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007791091,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5382284},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2076265229","doi":"10.1115/pvp2011-57918","title":"Determination of Flow Structure in a Tube Array by Particle Image Velocimetry","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Particle image velocimetry; Turbulence; Mechanics; Velocimetry; Two-phase flow; Particle tracking velocimetry; Open-channel flow; Flow (mathematics); Vector field; Bubble; Flow velocity; Flow measurement; Materials science; Optics; Physics","score_opus":0.004873158201622752,"score_gpt":0.18075874070248785,"score_spread":0.17588558250086508,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2076265229","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9145609,0.000059236518,0.081851736,0.0000031329594,0.00006307942,0.000041653384,0.000009018915,0.000041538966,0.0033697067],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9632242,0.000005309516,0.036703404,0.0000070535834,0.0000049024206,0.0000015496857,0.0000034862937,0.000009988957,0.00004015892],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999688,0.0000044314897,0.0001102647,0.000056237575,0.00004318688,0.00009784814],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998777,0.0000071620284,0.0000074107743,0.000076693315,0.000011447432,0.000019614896],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000037097045,0.0000509837,0.00006657919,0.000030358817,0.0000057472184,0.0000043889822,0.00004624544,0.000034661713,0.00015295233],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000007879545,0.000048432114,0.00001407549,0.00009048221,0.000009379448,0.000086359425,0.0000062912827,0.000046704936,0.0000035944495],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002504193,0.000013025421,0.0015986728,0.000031145843,0.0000041006047,0.0000017696254,0.00082461274,0.0002552253,0.9864544,0.00020222252,0.00011402167,0.010498245],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00014184526,0.000010100882,0.003840769,0.000006801586,0.0000023777309,9.395931e-7,0.00004659003,0.46909958,0.52644986,0.000313714,0.000021434076,0.00006596964],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000041047697,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006380686,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.46884435,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000017019986,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000026188486,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.19750044},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2076342001","doi":"10.1115/1.1412846","title":"Analysis of the Immediate Boundary Conditions of an Axial Flow Impeller","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Fluids Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Impeller; Particle image velocimetry; Mechanics; Turbulence; Dissipation; Turbulence kinetic energy; Mixing (physics); Flow visualization; Vortex; Flow (mathematics); Materials science; Velocimetry; Physics; Optics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.004400253271989786,"score_gpt":0.2016453560097991,"score_spread":0.19724510273780932,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2076342001","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96448296,0.0005714961,0.0338405,0.000016729935,0.0008404439,0.000038822523,0.00003049509,0.000019573314,0.00015897701],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976542,0.00020524964,0.0019354242,0.000005963614,0.00014891912,8.1886924e-7,0.000005238926,0.00002553381,0.000018625487],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989417,0.000012146767,0.00057142245,0.000060295413,0.0002409335,0.00017348514],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994519,0.00004639681,0.00009703964,0.00020670726,0.000115225324,0.00008277253],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002444642,0.00012448833,0.00036121483,0.00044880068,0.000029531244,0.000016334801,0.00023789551,0.000063566105,0.00005839984],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000041802658,0.00010064758,0.00033073712,0.00072546134,0.000028465152,0.0001920521,0.000024061233,0.0002163337,5.493145e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000057346033,0.000018834806,0.0008693836,0.000029640618,0.00050095527,0.000009088756,0.00019616609,0.8189707,0.17873557,0.000089160094,0.00006317316,0.0005115812],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00030042484,0.000046188896,0.025434684,0.00005826345,0.0004536951,0.00004319417,0.000036762543,0.9675656,0.0054884176,0.000020827832,0.0004429337,0.00010900249],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000070659435,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008434602,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.17324716,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000056990233,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000332228,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4104289},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2076843556","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20599","title":"Free‐surface turbulent flow induced by a Rushton turbine in an unbaffled dish‐bottom stirred tank reactor: LDV measurements and CFD simulations","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","keywords":"Turbulence; Rushton turbine; Mechanics; Impeller; Turbulence kinetic energy; Reynolds stress; Computational fluid dynamics; Vortex; Mean flow; Reynolds number; K-epsilon turbulence model; Physics; Materials science","score_opus":0.022326405351036565,"score_gpt":0.19450601631514924,"score_spread":0.1721796109641127,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2076843556","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99814737,0.000576855,0.00078148965,0.00012532502,0.00017474528,0.00009977385,0.000025457013,0.000028368826,0.00004064207],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976362,0.0000063989296,0.0022193112,0.000020228561,0.00005813778,0.0000014136608,0.000008393462,0.00004635272,0.0000035491666],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99897337,0.000014618497,0.00036734313,0.00010983194,0.00018133107,0.00035347854],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991596,0.000038730537,0.00004824922,0.00020951698,0.00006602979,0.00047788597],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023478812,0.00019292618,0.00023548721,0.00012876744,0.000035192345,0.000056140936,0.0003019252,0.00011553229,0.000021664398],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008854913,0.00017145483,0.000044871926,0.00018429133,0.00002270506,0.00020702671,0.000015391324,0.00052598683,5.4136547e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013318607,0.000017354752,0.000699977,0.000030893756,0.00007609059,0.000027120805,0.001406808,0.21850355,0.778338,0.00003425598,0.00021915637,0.0006334837],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008623536,0.000042628955,0.0011045765,0.00017036502,0.000040839976,0.00003982294,0.000017715822,0.9428671,0.05424247,0.00011869109,0.00017292854,0.00032053044],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013023808,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012411604,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7243635,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003463136,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008803417,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.69917244},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2077169875","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20004","title":"Solids suspension agitation in square tanks","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Impeller; Baffle; Suspension (topology); Square (algebra); Power (physics); Suspended solids; Agitator; Materials science; Mechanics; Engineering; Mechanical engineering; Marine engineering; Waste management; Mathematics; Physics; Thermodynamics; Geometry; Wastewater","score_opus":0.006945823798895516,"score_gpt":0.16788628889357224,"score_spread":0.16094046509467672,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2077169875","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9975811,0.0005073407,0.0010918266,0.00016137239,0.00036741907,0.000035301873,0.0000013333938,0.000016110924,0.00023815165],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99939567,0.000011013926,0.0004185244,0.000032500117,0.000108819986,7.9995914e-7,0.0000013986169,0.000022155464,0.000009105343],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994085,0.000004047532,0.00022760166,0.00004115105,0.0000973461,0.00022138527],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99962103,0.000040074316,0.000020639418,0.00007711204,0.00006110368,0.00018002394],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012367875,0.00008678502,0.0001257399,0.0001590527,0.000029516747,0.000017358241,0.00013541388,0.000060866816,0.000010915893],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000099583085,0.000074441465,0.000049065366,0.00016551894,0.000022140557,0.000089276786,0.0000046165105,0.0003378337,0.0000030151402],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002759162,0.000002568995,0.00030936327,0.00002918749,0.000017796132,0.0002469392,0.0009794579,0.8331497,0.16342585,0.0005081899,0.00081758155,0.0005106352],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006149147,0.000026472342,0.0022095938,0.00027899272,0.00001473336,0.0010202371,0.000044423665,0.94806904,0.045726378,0.0002679184,0.0013872924,0.0003400277],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00031716327,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00052758463,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.117699474,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00025064513,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009418544,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3035635},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2077410659","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450820321","title":"Relationship between Riser and Downcomer Gas Holdups in Semi‐batch Circulating Bubble Columns","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Separator (oil production); Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Volume (thermodynamics); Chromatography; Constant (computer programming); Mechanics; Physics","score_opus":0.009982125144447648,"score_gpt":0.18144704504184422,"score_spread":0.17146491989739657,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2077410659","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9974287,0.0005593186,0.0014190731,0.00023730552,0.00011542226,0.00005234235,0.000004076649,0.000018153434,0.00016562208],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990371,0.0000031039383,0.0007690307,0.000012656848,0.00013999981,0.000001578027,0.0000015100553,0.000030615356,0.000004402629],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99921787,0.0000057136835,0.0003115581,0.000066896646,0.00010342916,0.0002945128],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99943054,0.00012388706,0.000033577107,0.00009650286,0.0000282963,0.0002871764],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002769667,0.00011613392,0.00018131694,0.00016419598,0.000048342867,0.000056859826,0.00014238055,0.00007895781,0.000004873565],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001492632,0.000109464745,0.00004467266,0.0002338448,0.00002858112,0.000115448376,0.0000102199265,0.00055736053,0.0000017219041],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000010817033,0.0000018174533,0.055873338,0.00005771214,0.000027549624,0.00006468969,0.0006568096,0.92590356,0.016104972,0.0010711832,0.00003207542,0.00020523649],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00628017,0.000100872436,0.38963312,0.0026909735,0.0002993854,0.001984511,0.00027382412,0.547877,0.031388756,0.015384834,0.0016168039,0.002469705],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0012113542,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00077636936,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3780265,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003806913,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000106261235,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.44638425},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2077552586","doi":"10.1021/ie801915m","title":"Constrained Inverse Fluidization of Light Particles in a Draft Tube Airlift Reactor","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Draft tube; Fluidization; Fluidized bed; Materials science; Aqueous solution; Coalescence (physics); Viscosity; Mechanics; Chemical engineering; Surface tension; Chromatography; Polystyrene; Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Composite material; Physics; Organic chemistry; Polymer","score_opus":0.03974534707528521,"score_gpt":0.2755674283817595,"score_spread":0.2358220813064743,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2077552586","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9976738,0.000120830984,0.000094438845,0.00016642336,0.00011539789,0.00018476564,0.00001287,0.00016037023,0.0014710784],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995,0.00003802606,0.00009081639,0.0000028837537,0.0002578671,0.000013105002,0.000018887013,0.000029028879,0.000049413746],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99850005,0.000020995749,0.00040537096,0.00020553845,0.0003587682,0.0005092513],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993574,0.00011902231,0.000020837739,0.00026023886,0.000095363204,0.00014715258],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006017376,0.00016821639,0.00024400327,0.00017300935,0.000023700846,0.00003952407,0.00021733626,0.00028364942,0.00004501191],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005437662,0.00019198992,0.000051989,0.0007623851,0.000041104988,0.000118610194,0.000033972014,0.00068827975,0.0000056379554],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016503835,0.00003427772,0.00016245316,0.000062609564,0.000014586853,0.000021196198,0.00014095072,0.037157875,0.9604846,0.0001336434,0.00053254195,0.001238759],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00078595016,0.000030572373,0.00012321146,0.000180354,0.000004064367,0.000005203208,0.000058047248,0.18078037,0.8167345,0.000035120855,0.001091941,0.00017070354],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000024414845,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000033262666,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.14375013,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018976907,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000098312325,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7829122},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2077841233","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450800413","title":"Concept for Scale‐up of Solids Suspension in Stirred Tanks","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Suspension (topology); Laminar flow; Turbulence; Mechanics; SCALE-UP; Settling; Continuous stirred-tank reactor; Scale (ratio); Flow (mathematics); Control theory (sociology); Propeller; Thermodynamics; Range (aeronautics); Constant (computer programming); Materials science; Engineering; Mathematics; Physics; Computer science; Marine engineering; Classical mechanics; Chemical engineering","score_opus":0.0080373572164758,"score_gpt":0.17494648984105074,"score_spread":0.16690913262457494,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2077841233","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9928847,0.001512752,0.004273163,0.00025541187,0.0007799701,0.00010782467,0.000013949993,0.000014855697,0.00015739427],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990554,0.000007360013,0.00076442485,0.000014143161,0.000101688405,0.0000015554377,0.000001151995,0.000025501278,0.00002876822],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99929297,0.0000034359089,0.0003151487,0.000048068054,0.00008522092,0.0002551767],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995553,0.00007749696,0.000035707337,0.00009311671,0.00005585186,0.00018254406],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013905908,0.000097551754,0.00020576215,0.00013151894,0.00001579057,0.000015449832,0.00018232704,0.00007276673,0.000025567766],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000087205495,0.00008459595,0.00007938403,0.00013074154,0.000032628253,0.000057822934,0.0000057862285,0.00024528528,6.4059697e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000067984497,0.0000053578947,0.00006328943,0.00008600931,0.000041424166,0.000020214304,0.0012135063,0.572857,0.4206676,0.00055699423,0.0021566902,0.0023251043],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006191245,0.000022795904,0.000058710688,0.00018384839,0.000015847538,0.000056610657,0.00001978133,0.9113058,0.086567156,0.00009586087,0.00091333484,0.00014114323],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00017174071,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00035975315,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.33844876,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015937917,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000034274,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.34497228},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2078269582","doi":"10.1021/ie060567+","title":"Residence Time Distribution in a Multistage Agitated Contactor with Newtonian Fluids:  CFD Prediction and Experimental Validation","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":38,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Computational fluid dynamics; Residence time distribution; Contactor; Mechanics; Residence time (fluid dynamics); Cascade; Turbulence; Reynolds number; Flow (mathematics); Impeller; Work (physics); Non-Newtonian fluid; Dispersion (optics); Simulation; Materials science; Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Computer science; Physics; Chromatography; Engineering","score_opus":0.02633541776418672,"score_gpt":0.2757065272079255,"score_spread":0.24937110944373878,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2078269582","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99782,0.0001630546,0.001146578,0.000017090588,0.000075936354,0.00028445723,0.00006898208,0.00019693359,0.00022696047],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992163,0.000014293807,0.00009114781,6.1800586e-7,0.00020650926,0.00002844243,0.00023135668,0.000039094157,0.00017224449],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99854845,0.00001697289,0.00028966588,0.00026716816,0.00037021047,0.00050752814],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994165,0.00015036139,0.000017667257,0.00017282854,0.00007632151,0.00016634745],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008059735,0.00017821978,0.00016881031,0.00010814661,0.000064775464,0.00010228795,0.00011424728,0.0002439063,0.000033046774],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001867496,0.00019359213,0.000018901756,0.00046236455,0.000052048053,0.00019583273,0.000043886597,0.0006882131,0.0000056724443],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000870972,0.000021373908,0.0008831771,0.000045175584,0.000014796236,0.00004862574,0.0001264587,0.017735146,0.9805638,0.0000086084265,0.00014743871,0.0003182944],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012791874,0.000060270442,0.0013423715,0.000257097,0.0000037299328,0.000020245694,0.000114244576,0.20794219,0.788281,0.0000014624866,0.0005068515,0.00019134507],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008924117,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000044405833,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1922828,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005816503,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004410384,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.78944576},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2078417380","doi":"10.1016/j.ces.2009.12.040","title":"Gas holdup in pulp fibre suspensions: Gas voidage profiles in a batch-operated sparged tower","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Science","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Chemistry; Bubble; Chromatography; Suspension (topology); Analytical Chemistry (journal); Kraft paper; Tap water; Volumetric flow rate; Pulp (tooth); Superficial velocity; Kraft process; Separator (oil production); Composite material; Materials science; Mechanics; Environmental science; Flow (mathematics); Environmental engineering; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.0049907086813124795,"score_gpt":0.19566637982112867,"score_spread":0.19067567113981618,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2078417380","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9979617,0.00007675562,0.0004896725,0.00006607364,0.00048605347,0.00017025338,0.0000029651953,0.00023388375,0.0005126441],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9952029,0.00001586741,0.004613633,0.00001593602,0.000050733714,0.000028734941,0.0000061227297,0.000033821787,0.000032269938],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984349,0.0000032804467,0.00029170178,0.00037247626,0.0002408176,0.0006568492],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993961,0.000058313977,0.0000132763325,0.00031180377,0.000042766365,0.00017775357],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00039437722,0.00021712176,0.00022000556,0.00029695503,0.0000338236,0.000087230335,0.00043302416,0.00013050418,0.000052289062],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004478043,0.000219151,0.000034675766,0.0012529551,0.00011377765,0.00030779708,0.000104061575,0.00068979023,0.000018253424],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000022615018,0.000015863014,0.00039269665,0.000023021792,0.0000012370101,0.00002498193,0.00013539332,0.0562324,0.9424641,0.0003689317,0.000041377494,0.0002977471],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00022176838,0.0000059725858,0.0011058348,0.00009102051,0.0000011657391,0.000013383477,0.00001323126,0.6703484,0.32779065,0.000033887605,0.00013232057,0.00024235698],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000028172659,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000026085667,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.61467344,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013013105,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000061644045,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8936718},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2078454982","doi":"10.1080/02726351.2015.1017033","title":"The Effect of Gas Properties on Bubble Formation, Growth, and Detachment","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Particulate Science And Technology","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Surface tension; Liquid bubble; Mechanics; Gas bubble; Maximum bubble pressure method; Materials science; Dispersion (optics); Contact angle; Thermodynamics; Composite material; Optics; Physics","score_opus":0.006398245306591242,"score_gpt":0.1943254713253996,"score_spread":0.18792722601880835,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2078454982","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9984605,0.0005130859,0.00010612884,0.00040523766,0.00005668479,0.000088862565,1.2631304e-7,0.00005480178,0.00031458502],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99985343,0.00008503079,0.00003582397,0.0000042996853,0.000002422311,0.000012668857,6.448677e-8,0.0000023690566,0.0000038652233],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99960655,0.000005255154,0.00008216687,0.000067869645,0.00009809252,0.00014007225],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998113,0.000015651436,0.000012289067,0.00008651914,0.000042969754,0.00003125899],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003767628,0.000046387053,0.000065492706,0.00007270073,0.00009913543,0.000025913982,0.00007312212,0.000023713239,7.776913e-8],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012440041,0.000025914043,0.0000042911006,0.00023775175,0.0003505007,0.00009049418,0.00004180261,0.000039640112,0.0000017411473],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000029222816,0.000014161404,0.02046123,0.0001795671,0.00002547333,0.0000044352187,0.0010264495,0.0039039452,0.8491003,0.057138357,0.00015561187,0.06796124],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00020247516,0.0002781963,0.00032273208,0.000020908821,0.0000063227567,0.000016056432,0.00008893266,0.20225334,0.7950164,0.0015531642,0.00018381342,0.000057643163],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004396442,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000038958187,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1983494,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001581223,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008061525,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.12914345},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2078502572","doi":"10.1016/j.ces.2015.01.002","title":"Ebullated bed fluid dynamics relevant to industrial hydroprocessing","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Science","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Syncrude (Canada); University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Syncrude","keywords":"Dimensionless quantity; Bubble; Scaling; Chemistry; Mechanics; Slugging; Coalescence (physics); Volumetric flow rate; Thermodynamics; Fluidization; Chromatography; Fluidized bed; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Flow (mathematics); Physics","score_opus":0.013436991185922982,"score_gpt":0.2105532762170293,"score_spread":0.19711628503110631,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2078502572","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96347874,0.00007687138,0.033407986,0.000084850646,0.0010164004,0.00011166567,0.000005092313,0.0007042934,0.0011141042],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99165845,0.0000019529841,0.0080751255,0.000027026987,0.00015251846,0.000008925058,0.0000062639233,0.000042937856,0.000026809088],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984506,0.0000020192188,0.00024886386,0.00031666874,0.0004086631,0.00057321286],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990561,0.000027427495,0.00001438701,0.00026104855,0.000091037014,0.000549996],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00035489598,0.00020325821,0.00019029657,0.00020244921,0.00004827436,0.00013025636,0.00047614984,0.00011296257,0.0000031951772],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000544738,0.00021237151,0.000033187767,0.0011481646,0.00007730934,0.00023031437,0.00012748016,0.00028087344,0.000036331814],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000032271348,0.000005778101,0.000019687772,0.000014705558,0.0000040495825,0.0000059245185,0.00011825552,0.34593803,0.6513997,0.00042672502,0.0001920253,0.0018719308],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00021124813,0.000014081211,0.000007868993,0.000063343425,0.000004431938,0.000014331685,0.000013734558,0.86944586,0.12944844,0.000034985485,0.00048049536,0.00026120982],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005781231,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.4702563e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5235078,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00059753616,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010831064,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.86602587},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2078533996","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450820504","title":"Mixing Time Studies in Multiple Impeller Agitated Reactors","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Impeller; Mixing (physics); TRACER; Dispersion (optics); Mechanics; Residence time distribution; Volume (thermodynamics); Flow (mathematics); Rotational speed; Conductivity; Residence time (fluid dynamics); Thermodynamics; Materials science; Rotation (mathematics); Volumetric flow rate; Agitator; Chemistry; Physics; Mathematics; Optics; Engineering; Nuclear physics","score_opus":0.01250309820371582,"score_gpt":0.19189889695212467,"score_spread":0.17939579874840886,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2078533996","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9975661,0.001490452,0.00022390459,0.00012464396,0.0004014139,0.000046119247,0.0000024990793,0.000027144597,0.000117704265],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992118,0.000015479573,0.00059915433,0.000020319116,0.00010661618,0.0000012099686,0.0000011205367,0.000034384186,0.000009954261],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99921,0.0000042133947,0.00030669715,0.000059277976,0.00009715223,0.00032267265],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995216,0.00008133044,0.000030329446,0.00009692462,0.0000566574,0.00021313738],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020492922,0.00013495055,0.00021411105,0.00019605976,0.000028271055,0.000020805239,0.00019477651,0.00006234489,0.000006302929],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002554674,0.000109776345,0.00006832061,0.00022169911,0.000042079697,0.00010269566,0.000010230153,0.000400241,0.000007802947],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000023150635,0.000002530515,0.00008557395,0.00003230352,0.00007755537,0.000120427154,0.0012384622,0.750383,0.24766089,0.00011145089,0.00012641048,0.00015903043],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00343206,0.000067008456,0.0009319245,0.0020850366,0.00009503892,0.000897312,0.0003273449,0.70479053,0.28256372,0.0014836828,0.0020787036,0.001247636],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00049909815,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00054535706,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.04559252,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00060415245,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000102204045,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.44765493},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2078778147","doi":"10.1115/pvp2005-71171","title":"Two-Phase Flow Modeling in a Pipe Related to Flow-Induced Vibration","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Mechanics; Slug flow; Two-phase flow; Power law; Flow (mathematics); Porosity; Slip ratio; Isothermal flow; Momentum (technical analysis); Vibration; Physics; Open-channel flow; Mathematics; Geology; Geotechnical engineering; Shear stress","score_opus":0.012486812122078068,"score_gpt":0.24138713330697747,"score_spread":0.22890032118489942,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2078778147","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.60771567,0.000028090375,0.38747576,0.00011297527,0.0000929474,0.00010261045,9.4604536e-7,0.00019461667,0.0042763706],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9377594,0.0000068244785,0.061930582,0.000102801685,0.00003994218,0.000011520796,0.0000127832345,0.00002739578,0.00010877691],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99934626,0.0000068931417,0.00023463082,0.00013453553,0.0000766545,0.00020101936],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99977374,0.000008681555,0.000005107976,0.00012777162,0.000016560563,0.000068131296],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010873293,0.00010279475,0.00010249597,0.00014653582,0.000023540662,0.000030416939,0.000060567523,0.000059344213,0.00007035544],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000010227459,0.00010906989,0.00002643207,0.00022126487,0.0000012568305,0.00018301341,0.00001656933,0.00011968424,0.00010494677],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003632189,0.0000144621845,0.0000017375057,0.000003399812,0.000004059585,0.0000023854811,0.00032355307,0.83751595,0.12784487,0.0004146976,0.000024384371,0.033846855],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00077042537,0.00001534957,0.0000041232547,0.000020501135,0.0000026156024,0.0000019084857,0.000028367635,0.99539334,0.0034486202,0.00009343486,0.000076866265,0.00014445791],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000043763303,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003373248,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3300437,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009881048,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011165312,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.44477412},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2079229195","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20483","title":"Solids suspension with angle‐mounted agitators in unbaffled vessels","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Physics; Impeller; Agitator; Turbulence; Humanities; Suspension (topology); Art; Mechanics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.006827520258850255,"score_gpt":0.16525166208502093,"score_spread":0.15842414182617068,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2079229195","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99782234,0.0002865012,0.00093649555,0.000042006395,0.00019765779,0.000048393045,0.0000015758106,0.000023200331,0.0006418549],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990325,0.0000037334698,0.00083434663,0.000021753807,0.00006195378,0.0000012727776,8.5952854e-7,0.00003804548,0.000005541308],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992707,0.000005354871,0.00024247306,0.00006037326,0.000104905426,0.00031618835],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99949056,0.00003133393,0.000029973578,0.00011742853,0.00005739959,0.0002733158],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001661109,0.00013188165,0.00018242015,0.00019869154,0.000021239126,0.000026345528,0.00021483126,0.00006631456,0.000022921664],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000044787233,0.000098179626,0.00004304399,0.0002509995,0.000033500455,0.0001082313,0.0000070016836,0.00038677876,0.0000023518242],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000057927457,0.000021352955,0.001860551,0.00013769329,0.0002275587,0.0011785448,0.005597993,0.5345871,0.4499999,0.0046929913,0.0005207592,0.0011176137],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0019776728,0.00014657034,0.0040195575,0.0010489947,0.00009049588,0.0010401291,0.00019913154,0.70867956,0.28028315,0.0006184244,0.00093297346,0.0009633172],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006612466,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012937154,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.17409246,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022958913,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000113128066,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.40036488},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2080312452","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450810323","title":"Dynamics of Bubble Growth and Detachment from Rigid and Flexible Orifices","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Body orifice; Bubble; Liquid bubble; Dynamics (music); Mechanics; Classical mechanics; Physics; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Acoustics","score_opus":0.003655083289185534,"score_gpt":0.15868044743295007,"score_spread":0.15502536414376453,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2080312452","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9934825,0.002675435,0.0031822769,0.00007815413,0.00016703157,0.000031710133,0.000013100296,0.000010651452,0.0003591769],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99775225,0.0000483487,0.002130376,0.000008566055,0.000035827623,5.7428934e-7,0.0000014147214,0.00001785705,0.000004781768],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994875,0.000004537676,0.00020670136,0.00005318538,0.00007626637,0.00017176956],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995764,0.000061065686,0.000032683914,0.00007125541,0.000029261244,0.00022936588],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012277054,0.00009799955,0.00016515143,0.000077523786,0.000025222309,0.000034259978,0.00009595434,0.000051991243,0.0000070339274],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005426892,0.00008156781,0.000029734487,0.00007923756,0.00003715288,0.00006698144,0.0000061878,0.0001926822,1.8661392e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015189631,0.000016262482,0.0061136703,0.0004918136,0.00057215506,0.00008058442,0.0018852977,0.18685214,0.701235,0.10047925,0.00018464494,0.0020739748],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00086361484,0.000052994128,0.00079122704,0.00033378036,0.00013685723,0.00026371254,0.000113595226,0.63929456,0.35156757,0.00527997,0.0008118765,0.00049023295],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007604202,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002669785,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.45244244,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008103184,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000535944,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.33262387},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2080390738","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20681","title":"Comments to “CFD simulation of stirred tanks: Comparison of turbulence models. Part I: Radial flow impellers” and “Part II: Axial flow impellers, multiple impellers and multiphase dispersions”","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Czech; Impeller; Turbulence; Computational fluid dynamics; Process (computing); Flow (mathematics); Mechanical engineering; Technical university; Computer science; Engineering; Operations research; Mechanics; Physics; Library science; Philosophy","score_opus":0.02112199529522283,"score_gpt":0.20528311771266924,"score_spread":0.18416112241744642,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2080390738","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9885757,0.0007684399,0.009791355,0.000059689428,0.0004970827,0.00018017947,0.00008248078,0.000015195914,0.000029859311],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99499744,0.00003549342,0.004801996,0.000014632412,0.0000992855,0.0000017915589,0.0000076620045,0.00003732122,0.0000043938976],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99872077,0.000014496613,0.0005899271,0.00013606132,0.00018365054,0.00035511146],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988809,0.00015318551,0.00010650545,0.0001769559,0.00008957547,0.0005928378],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021755519,0.0002272836,0.0004219771,0.00019763307,0.00007921237,0.000022076745,0.0002280765,0.00011713582,0.000019242],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013778628,0.00020711632,0.00009316798,0.00015263176,0.00008803735,0.00016880345,0.00004727783,0.00032272338,3.7953873e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006904976,0.000016137947,0.0002204362,0.000056815345,0.000084280095,0.0000053677877,0.0040985653,0.97323895,0.019802239,0.000014223266,0.00030188123,0.002092068],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009352833,0.000088280685,0.00004834764,0.00020559714,0.00005161121,0.000013090671,0.00018291,0.9864052,0.011673016,0.000022490833,0.00017212989,0.00020202526],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00062262383,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00027311317,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.013166282,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001334117,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000727402,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.84459585},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2081036393","doi":"10.1115/imece2008-67892","title":"Flow Regime Observations in a Vertical Annulus With an Inner Roughened Tube","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Volume 10: Heat Transfer, Fluid Flows, and Thermal Systems, Parts A, B, and C","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ontario Tech University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Piping; Annulus (botany); Mechanics; Pressure drop; Materials science; Heat transfer; Flow (mathematics); Two-phase flow; Flow visualization; Slug flow; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Composite material; Physics","score_opus":0.01536320640094376,"score_gpt":0.18143706098314422,"score_spread":0.16607385458220045,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2081036393","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98841506,0.0057093473,0.0042204694,0.00007219296,0.000283758,0.00047317066,0.000056329765,0.0001991303,0.0005705285],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99818593,0.0008495257,0.00012848152,0.000052552972,0.00020330674,0.00013235958,0.000057490754,0.00007277239,0.00031759206],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99824214,0.000085417945,0.00045864144,0.0004118446,0.00022285584,0.0005790936],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993152,0.00003490098,0.0000035936027,0.00028886873,0.00005710174,0.00030035575],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020765797,0.00035324087,0.0004884473,0.000097466145,0.00025297597,0.000098028024,0.00011329212,0.00018960806,0.000034398083],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000051038237,0.00030729422,0.00004930656,0.0002122947,0.00011710733,0.00045268403,0.000012890114,0.00020280194,0.000009609858],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0019474558,0.0014344238,0.16605964,0.0031584287,0.0011100047,0.0015500038,0.033667922,0.67242223,0.09081351,0.014525136,0.0038860706,0.009425155],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0017400527,0.0002950331,0.049869385,0.00015719801,0.000048393416,0.00017847813,0.00018582707,0.9426991,0.00011274464,0.000009511146,0.004176096,0.00052822684],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00083933404,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00084296265,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2702768,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004960911,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000038761136,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999379},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2081456241","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450820211","title":"Low Inclination Oil‐water Flows","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Entrainment (biomusicology); Pressure gradient; Materials science; Dispersion (optics); Phase (matter); Mechanics; Fraction (chemistry); Flow (mathematics); Two-phase flow; Geology; Environmental science; Chemistry; Chromatography; Optics; Physics","score_opus":0.002942353153265097,"score_gpt":0.15191431605307804,"score_spread":0.14897196289981293,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2081456241","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9946828,0.00025467153,0.0037733032,0.00044551643,0.0005081577,0.000017035296,0.000002057814,0.000027770984,0.0002887109],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988892,0.000005767045,0.0007925631,0.000036966034,0.00023529062,0.0000010142716,0.00000198108,0.000027385586,0.000009822184],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99938256,0.0000022649426,0.0002139953,0.000041994193,0.000101631056,0.00025756253],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99959636,0.000015118973,0.00001492808,0.000090347836,0.000048941834,0.000234277],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016570625,0.00009672331,0.000113898706,0.00011026232,0.000036234927,0.000045966466,0.00019354015,0.0000634418,0.000017238059],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000040582643,0.00006849732,0.00006498581,0.00008166832,0.000015040203,0.00009431647,0.0000073767897,0.00031026895,0.000010078553],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[7.12767e-7,0.0000013209001,0.0000016544041,0.000021406226,0.00001880354,0.000023619694,0.0002344654,0.7255491,0.27253857,0.00052720244,0.000026864174,0.0010562896],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006528625,0.000017719933,0.00002347694,0.00023594375,0.000029192928,0.0002953564,0.000008778447,0.33661297,0.6579803,0.0011055709,0.0027339535,0.00030383366],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00018017006,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002615156,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.38893613,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00034505964,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008056178,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.27932397},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2082213637","doi":"10.1016/j.ces.2006.07.015","title":"Comments on “Exploiting the Bjerknes force in bubble column reactors”","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Science","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Mechanics; Column (typography); Nuclear engineering; Physics; Mechanical engineering; Engineering","score_opus":0.004541763002225158,"score_gpt":0.18191465631308296,"score_spread":0.1773728933108578,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2082213637","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9942226,0.00005794384,0.0023304971,0.00006609173,0.0002680306,0.00008634625,0.0000018342,0.00019846183,0.0027681917],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99908257,0.000003357603,0.00071614375,0.000037401678,0.00007656319,0.000017214592,0.0000025323982,0.000021365797,0.000042867094],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989943,0.0000019941333,0.00017639785,0.00018445188,0.00022735253,0.00041548657],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99961257,0.0000985967,0.000012425875,0.00020473624,0.000017610988,0.000054031287],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002424274,0.00012736,0.000105808984,0.000093904135,0.00005987559,0.00007260858,0.00036522618,0.00004019711,0.0000027979086],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009027947,0.00010961317,0.000028036991,0.0005708519,0.000077429395,0.00013935039,0.000055865843,0.00021948523,0.000008381067],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[7.5571296e-7,0.000010911149,0.00020876444,0.00001765353,0.0000012597853,0.0000031946565,0.000052596,0.28757685,0.7086762,0.0030989817,0.00012325248,0.0002295698],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00014642309,0.0000064164087,0.0013358188,0.00008524849,0.0000016850368,0.0000042482015,0.000018099461,0.8247352,0.17288427,0.00016306904,0.00043648182,0.0001830073],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000036759997,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000025034287,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.53715837,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001911686,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000116902065,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.44698954},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2082365470","doi":"10.2202/1542-6580.2081","title":"Characteristics of Local Flow Dynamics and Macro-Mixing in Airlift Column Reactors for Reliable Design and Scale-Up","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Chemical Reactor Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Mixing (physics); Airlift; Process engineering; Bioprocess; Bioreactor; Process (computing); Flow (mathematics); Environmental science; Mechanical engineering; Computer science; Mechanics; Engineering; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.004113587440353799,"score_gpt":0.2006022081601572,"score_spread":0.1964886207198034,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2082365470","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6860146,0.00015769164,0.31322965,0.000045965757,0.00043420139,0.00006584449,0.000015790663,0.000016727856,0.00001953437],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9780833,0.0002205854,0.021522058,0.000012778573,0.00012097557,0.0000015798743,0.000010518967,0.00002601921,0.0000021712738],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989848,0.000003840664,0.0005262051,0.00010190942,0.00020310443,0.00018015037],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993832,0.00020232443,0.00010270745,0.00005978835,0.0001500368,0.000101928126],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023379445,0.0001476552,0.00029689455,0.00018754178,0.000003461595,0.000037624104,0.00015505236,0.00010474425,0.0000022668828],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014234403,0.00015757761,0.0000599245,0.000068644054,0.000023368537,0.00018511075,0.00002257012,0.00024562978,1.09914886e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00019719737,0.000054157837,0.0011056217,0.00014077092,0.00011668644,0.00003633103,0.00027728686,0.02689892,0.9235545,0.00074719184,0.000080412094,0.046790957],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000679369,0.00005526813,0.0016505654,0.00036054317,0.000018074681,0.00009472176,0.000017745715,0.93219656,0.064502545,0.00013125305,0.00013691974,0.00015641873],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000409633,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000010829975,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.90529764,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020901574,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000020540807,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.64258283},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2082593099","doi":"10.1007/s003480100326","title":"Measurement of multiple gas-bubble velocities in gas-liquid flows using hot-film anemometry","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Experiments in Fluids","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University; Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Anemometer; Bubble; Mechanics; Optics; Two-phase flow; Flow visualization; Materials science; Physics; Acoustics; Flow (mathematics); Turbulence","score_opus":0.027883404039386137,"score_gpt":0.2547282991894113,"score_spread":0.22684489515002518,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2082593099","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98968065,0.003918071,0.00325039,0.000005890755,0.0005885765,0.00022179919,0.00000532025,0.000074968,0.0022543417],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9952979,0.00021632302,0.004293438,0.000017892216,0.000053977416,0.000033060714,0.0000055873943,0.000056563884,0.00002523212],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.998333,0.000034589437,0.0005264491,0.00023999823,0.00040313005,0.00046288053],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999537,0.0000200396,0.000028377724,0.00029818717,0.00004825783,0.00006814923],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00037438667,0.00023906124,0.00033691016,0.00042699924,0.000036033904,0.000021555896,0.0002057004,0.00011206794,0.00008243324],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000045259796,0.0002752213,0.00006372278,0.00046239732,0.000033697423,0.00017263571,0.00007625268,0.0001645889,0.0000073998754],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007174765,0.00012191243,0.0065680435,0.00006501644,0.000030288647,0.000032197328,0.0020482293,0.052072164,0.9382923,0.00006831757,0.00006697831,0.0005627963],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015226525,0.0000868117,0.0012543557,0.0003403678,0.000005850965,0.000008898023,0.0009815629,0.64987665,0.34507266,0.000027412325,0.00044264758,0.00038014323],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00040162032,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00013916017,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5978045,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00072024553,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000048552498,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99997},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2083443090","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20335","title":"Feasibility study and CFD‐aided design for a new type oxidation ditch based on airlift circulation","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Airlift; Oxidation ditch; Aeration; Environmental science; Computational fluid dynamics; Full scale; Marine engineering; Mixing (physics); Ditch; Fluidized bed; Process engineering; Engineering; Waste management; Environmental engineering; Computer science; Bioreactor; Chemistry; Aerospace engineering; Structural engineering","score_opus":0.017733098542014474,"score_gpt":0.21123320307846424,"score_spread":0.19350010453644978,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2083443090","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9468688,0.00002753545,0.05237956,0.00011777128,0.00035624622,0.0002210316,0.0000015134442,0.0000171232,0.000010443698],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9966547,2.296794e-7,0.0031262198,0.000017571825,0.0001728303,0.0000023151692,0.0000016809621,0.000022311813,0.00000212173],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995049,0.0000065061286,0.00018089577,0.00006680594,0.00008692879,0.00015395072],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999417,0.0001315277,0.000028224507,0.000118236465,0.00006343404,0.00024159138],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00036023694,0.00009423836,0.000117115516,0.00008935866,0.000043047803,0.000049249848,0.00010254615,0.000057778274,0.000007376213],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003115032,0.00007967463,0.000034332417,0.00009918361,0.000011456234,0.000062025305,0.0000027139013,0.000264112,4.7611672e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018870165,0.000007601866,0.0005902668,0.000020096684,0.000022475377,0.000002973249,0.00020168691,0.6735202,0.3246535,0.00013364895,0.00011626637,0.0007124066],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005129079,0.000051483657,0.0028835414,0.000024635257,0.000025388912,0.0000090815465,0.000006553785,0.986023,0.010129029,0.00017344109,0.00005786309,0.000103039165],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00014794886,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00032509366,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.31452447,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010701662,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015249827,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.32490373},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2084065062","doi":"10.1115/ajk2011-10027","title":"The Influence of Gas and Liquid Flow Rates on the Transient Bubble Characteristics in a Liquid Cross-Flow","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ASME-JSME-KSME 2011 Joint Fluids Engineering Conference: Volume 1, Symposia – Parts A, B, C, and D","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada; Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Mechanics; Body orifice; Flow (mathematics); Transient (computer programming); Materials science; Volumetric flow rate; Open-channel flow; Channel (broadcasting); Inclination angle; Vertical plane; Plane (geometry); Optics; Physics; Geometry; Mathematics; Engineering; Electrical engineering","score_opus":0.011511163753150509,"score_gpt":0.19051503257298766,"score_spread":0.17900386881983715,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2084065062","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9918768,0.0011631596,0.0045481953,0.00019740201,0.00050445856,0.0005308085,0.00007086586,0.00017572897,0.00093262835],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99580413,0.002919996,0.0007356551,0.000056164386,0.000084344334,0.00012517402,0.000016672286,0.00008917984,0.00016870393],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9974363,0.000060575505,0.00090361753,0.0004889578,0.00032333966,0.00078724953],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99864715,0.00020009394,0.00009995345,0.0006244445,0.00018446609,0.00024387584],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007380888,0.00058222516,0.00063139055,0.0001934432,0.00023672574,0.00021944946,0.00038147398,0.0002384391,0.00008986889],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000085907006,0.00044101675,0.00011665115,0.00018267854,0.00031130694,0.00028342285,0.00011999821,0.0005415748,0.000024197801],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0022272924,0.0006879235,0.014355366,0.0028924812,0.0011819217,0.00024018338,0.041855272,0.22805353,0.5491354,0.14841345,0.0022809533,0.008676264],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00085817673,0.0009512345,0.045814577,0.00065322866,0.000077944605,0.000042368683,0.00015975129,0.9399024,0.0074883406,0.00015002111,0.0030115657,0.0008903507],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00013767208,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004739967,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7118489,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006342015,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008025896,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99980414},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2084068519","doi":"10.1115/fedsm2008-55330","title":"Correlations of the Droplet Size-Velocity of the Two-Phase, Air/Liquid Spray Using a Particle-Dynamic-Analyzer","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Syncrude (Canada); University of Alberta","funders":"Syncrude","keywords":"Nozzle; Spray nozzle; Materials science; Spray characteristics; Separator (oil production); Mechanics; Porosity; Fraction (chemistry); Particle size; Composite material; Chromatography; Chemistry; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.012993600828035416,"score_gpt":0.23861674246507125,"score_spread":0.22562314163703584,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2084068519","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96131325,0.00006180407,0.0366745,0.00009840641,0.00024108739,0.00015759846,0.000021857026,0.000045514702,0.001385959],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976408,0.000010054105,0.001901115,0.0000437878,0.0000143685465,0.0000027787378,0.0000010289293,0.0000216559,0.00036445196],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99913216,0.00003722003,0.00033928186,0.00010490316,0.00019690683,0.00018953305],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992988,0.0001143322,0.00006990761,0.0004097952,0.00007174221,0.000035433277],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013346739,0.00011458138,0.00018076746,0.00002477304,0.00014476341,0.0000045128454,0.00022029171,0.000047508136,0.0000786135],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008288003,0.00007138442,0.00016770395,0.00042959212,0.0001336276,0.00007456109,0.000080530146,0.00014238562,0.000002845703],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012433283,0.00008598069,0.00502222,0.000027278562,0.00010790275,0.0000013432486,0.00066275045,0.6627639,0.32676923,0.0042613386,0.00015053045,0.00013507075],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00044469547,0.000015252796,0.0056707524,0.000024140541,0.000055179324,0.000012674308,0.000051131035,0.97199327,0.021501295,0.000055688237,0.000079147394,0.00009676184],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00019330543,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00031411217,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.30922937,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000057978035,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005013647,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.29109722},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2084176104","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450820126","title":"Process Design Aspects of Jet Mixers","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India","keywords":"Nozzle; Impeller; Jet (fluid); Mechanics; Mixing (physics); Range (aeronautics); Materials science; Work (physics); Computational fluid dynamics; Mechanical engineering; Environmental science; Physics; Engineering; Composite material","score_opus":0.006186479025331158,"score_gpt":0.16879089175765796,"score_spread":0.16260441273232681,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2084176104","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9627253,0.00087874854,0.0353,0.00015325406,0.0003402003,0.000070868584,0.0000036042638,0.000026666467,0.0005013578],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99814844,0.0000037796951,0.001716301,0.000012742128,0.000088819594,9.563213e-7,3.8741854e-7,0.000027415452,0.0000011859494],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99936557,0.0000028792244,0.0002389032,0.000042111642,0.000117350246,0.0002331869],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99953073,0.0000302982,0.000037581307,0.00009127641,0.00006421215,0.0002458908],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001663087,0.00010542427,0.00016723387,0.00011450763,0.000019983177,0.000017895478,0.0002464719,0.000055435725,0.0000071844156],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008557509,0.00008396297,0.00006628313,0.00016816416,0.000031694504,0.00006959939,0.0000037933823,0.00026478706,0.0000012823427],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000017169829,0.0000016610696,0.0000062835466,0.000042929056,0.00003555583,0.000024968289,0.00027338552,0.88210046,0.11526169,0.002115439,0.000025216284,0.000110676134],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00055037404,0.00003907235,0.000051896306,0.00034397622,0.000043967026,0.00029160496,0.000027939228,0.15997273,0.83563405,0.0026631237,0.00013268525,0.00024858973],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00019053156,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000086679545,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.72212774,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020619405,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000265387,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.34239107},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2084397203","doi":"10.1021/ie0006864","title":"Three-Phase Fluidization Macroscopic Hydrodynamics Revisited","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":37,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Fluidization; Porosity; Phase (matter); Newtonian fluid; Mechanics; Materials science; Computer science; Fluidized bed; Physics; Thermodynamics; Composite material","score_opus":0.05302088210695279,"score_gpt":0.3202101985452522,"score_spread":0.2671893164382994,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2084397203","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98570454,0.00051515806,0.009569649,0.00006195297,0.00041438293,0.00033437906,0.000038512266,0.0007037587,0.0026576424],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99785465,0.00024079232,0.00011941733,0.0000029067467,0.0010955683,0.000046626334,0.0001737989,0.00011450051,0.000351713],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.997963,0.00001405539,0.00038083212,0.00033413252,0.00051483966,0.0007931495],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99900603,0.00011782283,0.000019976193,0.00047597918,0.00013906711,0.00024115112],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00063648773,0.00026008397,0.00025881355,0.00016349474,0.00012340608,0.0001640774,0.00038051012,0.0003946608,0.00018056361],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00033921257,0.0003048942,0.000071088594,0.0011161007,0.000045728335,0.00014294517,0.00009835845,0.0011358114,0.000043895885],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000017915238,0.000034623008,0.00021333886,0.00011390261,0.00004270112,0.00006780129,0.000022705199,0.105098896,0.8893607,0.000112133814,0.0015379469,0.0033773081],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011771149,0.000028311435,0.000023977987,0.00015796315,0.0000095428395,0.000030229277,0.000010218879,0.90581495,0.079449356,0.0000343087,0.012963799,0.00030024585],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000026078138,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002790316,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8099114,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00038848098,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000065471126,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99994034},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2084719855","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450810348","title":"Modelling of Gas‐Liquid/Gas‐Liquid‐Solid Flows in Bubble Columns: Experiments and CFD Simulations","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":75,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India","keywords":"Computational fluid dynamics; Bubble; Mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Multiphase flow; Materials science; Gas bubble; Work (physics); Eulerian path; Thermodynamics; Physics","score_opus":0.011616285089273884,"score_gpt":0.1963535102722994,"score_spread":0.1847372251830255,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2084719855","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9877098,0.001440115,0.010382494,0.000029789593,0.0001764756,0.0000759163,0.0000071657582,0.000011528779,0.00016667112],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99782574,0.000023940487,0.0020508526,0.000010403863,0.000046400604,0.000002204985,0.000001316543,0.000035971516,0.0000031883455],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990478,0.000010608318,0.00042529008,0.00007813396,0.000120473545,0.00031770018],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994309,0.00006915834,0.00004517918,0.00012600503,0.000057446465,0.00027129246],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021536191,0.00014090323,0.0002482154,0.00020022716,0.00003539095,0.000028055005,0.00015004075,0.00008578101,0.000017803988],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007791451,0.00013731209,0.000055372722,0.000195168,0.000027204074,0.00011094457,0.000008812422,0.00032327633,4.6656996e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000054435095,0.000003551387,0.000011540927,0.000023420733,0.000024137551,0.000009080784,0.00042570868,0.83142674,0.16761848,0.0004223837,0.000008146769,0.00002137118],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00029555397,0.000028365414,0.0000010129954,0.00013766403,0.000013079163,0.000035593854,0.000027383956,0.89281875,0.10624119,0.00010359178,0.00017201992,0.00012578073],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005138552,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00028979467,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.061392043,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021053418,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00011444148,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5599424},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2084963021","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20587","title":"Characteristics of batch rotor–stator mixer performance elucidated by shaft torque and angle resolved PIV measurements","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":47,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Aalborg Universitet; U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Stator; Rotor (electric); Impeller; Turbulence; Torque; Mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Materials science; Reynolds number; Physics; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.011497666666163272,"score_gpt":0.16060056516639196,"score_spread":0.14910289850022868,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2084963021","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9983469,0.00044165686,0.0007650107,0.000015737283,0.00020734766,0.00006144915,0.000019770136,0.000013870748,0.00012825533],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991869,0.000022442793,0.00066995085,0.000014012278,0.000058809284,0.000002031109,0.0000035499415,0.000032651493,0.000009707843],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992079,0.000005646158,0.00033297943,0.00006229418,0.0001343336,0.00025685132],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994103,0.000018149698,0.000061517734,0.00012479564,0.00009169984,0.00029358757],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022910972,0.00013253132,0.00020978869,0.00007941067,0.000028983126,0.000020507196,0.00020550164,0.00007234525,0.000027231603],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000056502395,0.00011388688,0.000041032865,0.0000941948,0.00004084162,0.00010196731,0.000011627647,0.00025683336,8.85365e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000022679793,0.000010273534,0.005069661,0.00019462078,0.00015776866,0.000015258173,0.0010489465,0.0014893754,0.98983246,0.000050649902,0.0007246607,0.0013836415],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008474621,0.00009752746,0.011722362,0.0005070217,0.00010405398,0.00011632856,0.000024389157,0.1471724,0.83707255,0.000021801616,0.0017822119,0.0005318642],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00031640014,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000045379555,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1527599,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012507442,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006861474,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.46441722},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2085031572","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20037","title":"Determination of minimum speed required for solids suspension in stirred vessels using pressure measurements","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Impeller; Suspension (topology); Work (physics); Mechanics; Rotational speed; Mixing (physics); Materials science; Rotation (mathematics); Diameter ratio; Control theory (sociology); Mathematics; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Thermodynamics; Physics; Chemistry; Chromatography; Classical mechanics; Computer science; Geometry","score_opus":0.03327881252432847,"score_gpt":0.2234622671371257,"score_spread":0.19018345461279723,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2085031572","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9914638,0.0004807733,0.0075667636,0.00003956337,0.0002932062,0.000117698306,0.0000059167255,0.000008308909,0.000024005418],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9963474,0.0000034908426,0.003521503,0.0000047430517,0.00008507706,8.5102675e-7,0.0000016183108,0.000027740385,0.000007568295],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991846,0.0000067658293,0.00036842623,0.000057780657,0.00014529367,0.00023715198],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995295,0.000053040752,0.00006556662,0.000094401505,0.00011818625,0.00013929857],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025584723,0.000106344916,0.00021403673,0.00018507641,0.000029746088,0.0000116412275,0.00016599408,0.000076376804,0.0000028345194],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016638276,0.00009799514,0.00006883939,0.00013740192,0.00002730778,0.00010912417,0.000006441498,0.00015612264,1.2037465e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007478468,0.0000026856685,0.00007387409,0.00006370157,0.00001966029,0.000010478041,0.00027107366,0.2950504,0.7043184,0.000012806385,0.000035329405,0.00013411709],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00044466424,0.000014194732,0.0001112056,0.00019334113,0.000027296639,0.00007686055,0.0000059333365,0.79988104,0.19903822,0.000038325572,0.00007003809,0.00009887097],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00016586533,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00013395265,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.50528014,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018614397,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013490708,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.39961258},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2085661392","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450800317","title":"Influence of horizontal return bend on the two‐phase flow pattern in a 6.9 mm diameter tube","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Curvature; Mass flux; Coalescence (physics); Mechanics; Flux (metallurgy); Mass flow; Flow (mathematics); Tube (container); Stratified flow; Materials science; Physics; Geometry; Mathematics; Turbulence; Composite material","score_opus":0.006422234905517879,"score_gpt":0.17418755452091328,"score_spread":0.1677653196153954,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2085661392","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99852026,0.00033180238,0.00055809924,0.00025576,0.00013112045,0.000058466558,0.000012687391,0.000008957272,0.00012286272],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996495,0.000008065586,0.00014416882,0.000057037174,0.00010724018,0.0000023628284,5.981352e-7,0.00002818039,0.000002799327],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99916226,0.000010051083,0.00032928478,0.000063654574,0.0001461922,0.0002885852],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994316,0.00013366938,0.000039858453,0.00017109983,0.000033414784,0.00019034705],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020986405,0.00013693993,0.00018953074,0.00014005289,0.000022469843,0.00002850125,0.00031705401,0.00005535534,0.00003803224],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001261032,0.00009419947,0.00008305814,0.00017752446,0.000038041228,0.00007574789,0.00001033737,0.00055759813,0.000002669932],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000042956963,0.000010257034,0.00014891474,0.0000299449,0.00004647476,0.00008803235,0.00084581494,0.8202803,0.17486155,0.00013470055,0.00018758964,0.0033621232],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00051365764,0.000044459546,0.0001351246,0.000246323,0.000013235824,0.00008152099,0.00001015484,0.96147215,0.037123825,0.000040373707,0.00017579406,0.00014340036],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00046190657,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00055912894,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.14119183,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018778317,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000027340539,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.38413432},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2086098214","doi":"10.1063/1.2038007","title":"Comparison of four conductive needle probe designs for determination of bubble velocity and local gas holdup","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Review of Scientific Instruments","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Fraction (chemistry); Materials science; Electrical conductor; Mechanics; Gas bubble; SIGNAL (programming language); Noise (video); Acoustics; Physics; Composite material; Chemistry; Chromatography; Computer science","score_opus":0.05019782858588009,"score_gpt":0.3006290209827233,"score_spread":0.25043119239684325,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2086098214","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9579723,0.0033936594,0.037329182,0.000015930375,0.00025788174,0.00071149226,0.00004490036,0.000012125982,0.000262527],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9725999,0.00070046994,0.02660865,0.000004690064,0.000006375858,0.000016243326,0.000016519109,0.000008593416,0.000038536287],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.999135,0.000014254453,0.00042662153,0.00013075735,0.00016924477,0.00012408335],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995098,0.00002023493,0.00014790388,0.00013184993,0.00015753732,0.000032677595],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00048963976,0.000084752595,0.0003169615,0.00008066326,0.000041209696,0.000010343457,0.00009737089,0.000033075627,0.000009015991],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000033961896,0.00008091007,0.00005432486,0.000176541,0.00013762678,0.00015206602,0.000027737718,0.00004050922,9.943238e-7],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000074797817,0.000109596745,0.0006780126,0.014991637,0.00003529177,1.1300552e-7,0.0005089159,0.00031769663,0.09222222,0.00093444076,0.00028773796,0.8899069],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005810353,0.00011207394,0.0005403343,0.004788597,0.000083773746,0.000003161393,0.00012914678,0.77367705,0.21783665,0.00026108316,0.001820128,0.00016697565],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004096011,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004896395,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8897399,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004678719,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000025545996,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3299417},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2086261996","doi":"10.1016/j.jmr.2009.01.034","title":"SPRITE MRI of bubbly flow in a horizontal pipe","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Magnetic Resonance","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Sprite (computer graphics); Flow (mathematics); Materials science; Mechanics; Geology; Physics; Computer science; Computer graphics (images)","score_opus":0.003106200035582253,"score_gpt":0.1833087999911377,"score_spread":0.18020259995555543,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2086261996","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95638335,0.037299037,0.0028326304,0.00017331899,0.00032121124,0.00006376299,0.000003975114,0.000011346714,0.0029113393],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.985827,0.0021752038,0.011766801,0.000026889566,0.00009813526,4.1011825e-7,2.0895196e-7,0.000010689897,0.00009464659],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99915826,0.00001170747,0.0004258728,0.00005848311,0.0001841349,0.00016151094],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99971056,0.000023783552,0.00006444259,0.000102927515,0.00004896327,0.000049344613],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020474731,0.000087813314,0.00022381905,0.00012438139,0.000008086542,0.000011211909,0.00015154756,0.000046624005,0.000023148477],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000027825918,0.00008252666,0.00007041562,0.00015964474,0.000015205781,0.00008663731,0.000008233574,0.00020121927,0.0000024096764],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014060833,0.00014601959,0.0021419784,0.00008539262,0.000010718594,0.00042961462,0.0006980376,0.047847316,0.12780665,0.00082880247,0.002474705,0.81739014],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0032815621,0.0022463808,0.34293267,0.0010120126,0.000028139777,0.0003058431,0.00007975486,0.60346246,0.005009471,0.0018123802,0.039379682,0.00044965235],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005711059,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000016189037,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8169405,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000042918105,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000021906944,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.33653396},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2086605148","doi":"10.1007/s00449-012-0725-1","title":"Substrate mass transport in two-phase partitioning bioreactors employing liquid and solid non-aqueous phases","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Bioreactor; Mass transfer; Polymer; Substrate (aquarium); Chemical engineering; Aqueous solution; Chemistry; Aqueous two-phase system; Silicone oil; Phase (matter); Chromatography; Phenol; Diffusion; Materials science; Organic chemistry; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.008261705168183154,"score_gpt":0.23768296861194202,"score_spread":0.22942126344375888,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2086605148","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98839456,0.0063028145,0.004396612,0.0000050014487,0.00037084217,0.00017268551,0.000028305903,0.00023675046,0.00009240124],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990015,0.0003933147,0.00028097493,0.0000046447626,0.00019891659,0.000038124588,0.000019522886,0.000057717232,0.0000053109666],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987842,0.000004205018,0.0003690908,0.00020887514,0.00010543951,0.0005282234],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99962085,0.000022234166,0.00003368895,0.00010335845,0.000020266985,0.00019961297],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021090292,0.0002808704,0.00030981764,0.00021677857,0.000061814484,0.000057653917,0.00006578647,0.00009053149,0.0000029460273],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000006840616,0.00027788413,0.000034936216,0.00022820599,0.00001957371,0.00036767992,0.000011726156,0.00015176949,0.0000012303882],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003373725,0.00007690599,0.028349407,0.0018860097,0.000078413854,0.000049047652,0.0014773601,0.023307553,0.9427227,0.00036639557,0.0000032586654,0.0016492081],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003654301,0.00021958527,0.00933142,0.002191253,0.00009220993,0.0002373698,0.00072331127,0.7273441,0.25366524,0.0000069806415,0.0007335298,0.0018007084],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010801062,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000042769607,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.70403653,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000043167092,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008783059,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99996734},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2087178117","doi":"10.1016/j.ces.2007.08.083","title":"Population balance simulation of gas–liquid contacting","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Science","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Dalhousie University","keywords":"Breakage; Turbulence; Mechanics; Coalescence (physics); Dissipation; Dispersion (optics); Contactor; Population; Chemistry; Plug flow; Thermodynamics; Materials science; Physics; Optics","score_opus":0.00502629548223191,"score_gpt":0.2183284326743113,"score_spread":0.21330213719207938,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2087178117","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.79894555,0.00003949071,0.20029733,0.0000019500112,0.0002032032,0.000036827856,7.779134e-7,0.00014158725,0.00033330437],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9953842,0.0000016733885,0.0045426567,0.0000037644882,0.000048845923,8.9413516e-7,0.00000263226,0.000013382911,0.0000019485756],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992093,6.9143164e-7,0.00020843348,0.00012774281,0.00019369536,0.0002601385],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99965334,0.00008322495,0.000022909868,0.00012184539,0.000045916066,0.00007276867],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00034292377,0.00008404886,0.000105885294,0.0001042039,0.000024479346,0.000013388095,0.00014202023,0.000041937245,0.0000030582635],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001991185,0.00009259464,0.000025127594,0.00042955906,0.00003330953,0.00019067382,0.00002311036,0.000095317344,0.0000015675942],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000016374902,0.0000016395306,0.00012731306,0.000019522857,8.816694e-7,3.3770775e-7,0.00002510609,0.45881718,0.5402502,0.00030736224,3.679957e-7,0.00044849777],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005082309,0.000005102152,0.00090055936,0.000028836097,0.0000013690327,0.0000012101384,0.0000030039428,0.6814766,0.31743878,0.000009372474,0.000012748074,0.00007161032],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000055224077,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.1140421e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.22281139,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011449721,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006976364,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.37758997},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2087468423","doi":"10.1016/j.ces.2009.09.023","title":"Hydrodynamic characteristics in an inverse internal-loop airlift-driven fibrous-bed bioreactor","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Science","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Airlift; Bioreactor; Loop (graph theory); Inverse; Draft tube; Mechanics; Chemistry; Physics; Mathematics; Geometry; Combinatorics","score_opus":0.005007347047920929,"score_gpt":0.20243516468201692,"score_spread":0.19742781763409598,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2087468423","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9952151,0.000020029884,0.0037681994,0.000021927359,0.00033879897,0.00008000349,0.000006894227,0.0003684532,0.00018058525],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9964519,0.000011852188,0.0033639981,0.000041237556,0.00007407261,0.000004681119,0.000012490078,0.000027179218,0.000012574031],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99862194,0.0000028609963,0.00028787402,0.00033211586,0.00022810107,0.0005271024],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999369,0.000023547716,0.000023229817,0.00031172365,0.000033316508,0.00023917158],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014616939,0.0002197361,0.00022387416,0.00026083642,0.000026569587,0.000090253176,0.00054856716,0.000090730595,0.000007601122],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000108937274,0.00023672328,0.00004351536,0.0006191485,0.000086122236,0.00043946,0.0000530704,0.00031380315,0.000015722795],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000025641998,0.00002213494,0.00031338417,0.000020383382,0.000001940286,0.000016295518,0.00014574362,0.039284732,0.9584097,0.00018101033,0.000009315932,0.0015927793],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00016667816,0.000026802589,0.004166732,0.000087455184,0.0000030185556,0.000010132071,0.0000067634896,0.9507899,0.04440271,0.000020751082,0.00003498182,0.00028407568],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000006414053,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001945283,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.914007,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00029790276,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000031727624,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9653295},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2087735732","doi":"10.1115/ajk2011-10024","title":"Study on Bubble Breakup Mechanism in a Venturi Tube","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ASME-JSME-KSME 2011 Joint Fluids Engineering Conference: Volume 1, Symposia – Parts A, B, C, and D","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Venturi effect; Bubble; Mechanics; Breakup; Microbubbles; Nozzle; Superheating; Tube (container); Materials science; Jet (fluid); Liquid bubble; Acoustics; Mechanical engineering; Physics; Engineering; Thermodynamics; Composite material; Inlet","score_opus":0.02166394006851303,"score_gpt":0.19141983520279388,"score_spread":0.16975589513428085,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2087735732","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96466553,0.0008971691,0.017741691,0.00007735233,0.0021086542,0.0013119571,0.000053926753,0.0010100184,0.012133707],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969716,0.00035860823,0.0012229095,0.00004937709,0.00016848519,0.00022697348,0.000028790557,0.00018267253,0.00079059025],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9966242,0.00006266285,0.00089439115,0.0008486515,0.00046484283,0.0011052862],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985258,0.000053764295,0.00007238705,0.0008009537,0.00010900703,0.00043809178],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005531234,0.0008454925,0.00088281115,0.0005997389,0.00014340918,0.00019465097,0.0004127945,0.00033706863,0.0004023956],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000026796484,0.0008936561,0.00016593568,0.00026506366,0.00006478649,0.00038639276,0.00018694237,0.0007014811,0.00024727656],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000546211,0.005020823,0.044031303,0.0023972036,0.0026428082,0.0029646622,0.076750666,0.045062914,0.2543319,0.5428571,0.011856365,0.011538032],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0057451106,0.0026634617,0.0788133,0.0010787394,0.0003726658,0.00022335853,0.0023573637,0.88843316,0.009012541,0.0021505256,0.004964165,0.004185622],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00037242225,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00010590148,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.84337026,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017515557,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000074763484,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9993514},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2089453003","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450820208","title":"LDA Measurements on a Turbulent Gas/Liquid/Fibre Suspension","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Impeller; Turbulence; Suspension (topology); Materials science; Laser Doppler velocimetry; Mechanics; Range (aeronautics); Optics; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chemistry; Chromatography; Composite material; Physics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.010916778567387911,"score_gpt":0.17542416223239146,"score_spread":0.16450738366500356,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2089453003","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9968534,0.000498515,0.0010001439,0.00067209586,0.00047214588,0.00006450652,0.0000019079046,0.000034857414,0.00040243063],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99921495,0.000006271929,0.0004404245,0.000090767004,0.0002000689,0.0000012147397,0.0000012579333,0.000040062994,0.0000049802447],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99909675,0.0000043919117,0.0002626664,0.000069910595,0.00022771221,0.0003385955],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99933773,0.000021738935,0.00003221795,0.00015027527,0.00006755907,0.00039048013],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020839473,0.00015456807,0.00016917805,0.0001315587,0.00004642493,0.000044885775,0.0002496609,0.000072964256,0.000015121365],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006912165,0.00012263998,0.00009744434,0.00013018023,0.000020294101,0.00006695981,0.000007610566,0.00040801402,0.000010628959],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000083224595,0.000003400343,0.0000031663035,0.000018582134,0.00004231052,0.00006883968,0.00015666595,0.70360786,0.2950709,0.0005493392,0.00025840115,0.00021226135],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001524639,0.00020784642,0.000075737844,0.001104378,0.0000736289,0.00089705654,0.000020335903,0.07190894,0.91903687,0.00054920214,0.0039711096,0.00063027965],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00025676005,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001738069,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6316989,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00064904644,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014488552,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.50011134},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2089809285","doi":"10.1115/pvp2006-icpvt-11-93799","title":"Random Forces Resulting From Internal Two-Phase Flow on Bends and Tees","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Polytechnique Montréal","keywords":"Piping; Dimensionless quantity; Flow (mathematics); Mechanics; Phase (matter); Two-phase flow; Geology; Structural engineering; Materials science; Engineering; Physics; Mechanical engineering","score_opus":0.0038315943288825794,"score_gpt":0.21166668080267328,"score_spread":0.2078350864737907,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2089809285","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9235431,0.00022719566,0.039300002,0.000019776631,0.00018888694,0.00004441112,0.000023019715,0.00015634763,0.036497258],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9931232,0.000016470502,0.006060714,0.000024593672,0.00019435574,0.0000028821792,0.00002497331,0.000017432612,0.00053542084],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995417,0.0000051818092,0.0001438051,0.000111763664,0.00006430159,0.0001332481],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997901,0.00008371037,0.000010331899,0.00007836108,0.000007747623,0.00002979269],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006314454,0.000094834235,0.00010617101,0.000046633933,0.000037968864,0.00006073193,0.000049314178,0.000027527918,0.000043832333],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000010161985,0.00008037668,0.000028300321,0.000029877458,0.000010240011,0.00006220658,0.000018160114,0.0000755546,0.0000066303774],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00042030233,0.000107410495,0.0026952862,0.000052772513,0.00015947295,0.0000767876,0.0007132692,0.59559864,0.23238568,0.009176454,0.0059922375,0.1526217],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00370479,0.000023045823,0.00037094168,0.000039550912,0.0000071515633,0.0000017487997,0.000028144026,0.9882872,0.0062692813,0.00043027857,0.0007251202,0.000112753296],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00075767573,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00044512464,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.39268857,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001523682,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000015821795,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3277666},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2089864699","doi":"10.1016/j.cherd.2009.06.001","title":"Emulsification capability of a dual shaft mixer","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Process Safety and Environmental Protection","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Impeller; Rotor (electric); Stator; Materials science; Emulsion; Torque; Metre; Mechanical engineering; Composite material; Mechanics; Engineering; Physics; Chemical engineering","score_opus":0.004597635169212136,"score_gpt":0.17755009001937064,"score_spread":0.1729524548501585,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2089864699","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9031146,0.0002790482,0.095477656,0.000063048916,0.0000464913,0.00030184342,0.000014158408,0.0000727925,0.00063036114],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996607,0.00016301668,0.00010026766,0.000007319392,0.000018082144,0.000012653528,0.000014470003,0.000006806137,0.000016688382],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995725,0.0000070348,0.0001462043,0.00011455096,0.000074466574,0.00008524137],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99987376,0.0000031807579,0.000023353994,0.00007034595,0.0000026880577,0.000026688629],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007770475,0.00007540198,0.000078507364,0.00002505903,0.000055205866,0.0000054582993,0.000023087858,0.00005172964,0.000016503376],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000039979227,0.000077662946,0.000018206707,0.000043636966,0.000030981184,0.00012814728,0.0000056168433,0.000079687605,0.000002605288],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00023901013,0.00023819944,0.0014863356,0.0005208168,0.000034403212,9.853103e-7,0.0019491712,0.18887933,0.5953899,0.00034029203,0.000003953097,0.21091758],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000545953,0.00019533258,0.09591542,0.000042367716,0.000021673686,0.000021518243,0.0003497548,0.8744123,0.025071094,0.0028592711,0.00028136116,0.00028394506],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001057357,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002830738,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.685533,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004709699,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000015290817,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3167003},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2090238955","doi":"10.1016/j.nucengdes.2007.09.004","title":"Influence of the void fraction profile on the distribution parameter C0 for a bubbly gas–liquid flow in a horizontal round pipe","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nuclear Engineering and Design","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Hydro-Québec","keywords":"Mechanics; Porosity; Two-phase flow; Void (composites); Materials science; Flow (mathematics); Fraction (chemistry); Physics; Composite material; Chemistry; Chromatography","score_opus":0.008997847964614487,"score_gpt":0.1727720600230966,"score_spread":0.16377421205848214,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2090238955","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.92518985,0.00004936718,0.07428653,0.000028660192,0.00007327202,0.00027877474,0.000016615195,0.000059087095,0.000017834576],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980421,0.000032745866,0.0018140482,0.00001342308,0.000027641494,0.000035512046,0.0000033895344,0.000026357468,0.000004770495],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99951303,0.000013242504,0.00013231896,0.0001013953,0.00008420625,0.00015579439],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99965775,0.00014719879,0.000017895683,0.00013434057,0.000018920055,0.000023915105],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014078732,0.000105549465,0.00010508015,0.000030778618,0.00006908783,0.000015460393,0.000075575765,0.00006165376,0.0000018473623],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009609437,0.000075396245,0.000040185176,0.00011202244,0.000021018885,0.000075117176,0.000012753147,0.00015115303,0.0000022121974],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006334923,0.000016340551,0.000030078361,0.000046394336,0.000014008622,0.0000013259278,0.00027168263,0.94612455,0.052083783,0.00058173493,0.00020255792,0.0005641801],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001878916,0.00014291609,0.0027950988,0.0000669044,0.000005861858,0.0000107019605,0.000021056117,0.9893319,0.0067900047,0.000035348727,0.00051270437,0.0000995998],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000020912807,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000018886897,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07285225,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000053009113,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007803955,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.30745697},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2090520770","doi":"10.1016/j.compchemeng.2007.05.015","title":"The effect of probability of coalescence on the evolution of bubble sizes in a turbulent pipeline flow: A numerical study","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computers & Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Coalescence (physics); Turbulence; Mechanics; Bubble; Population; Statistical physics; Physics; Classical mechanics","score_opus":0.0036010501351677465,"score_gpt":0.18745045115187206,"score_spread":0.18384940101670433,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2090520770","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8142208,0.0001730072,0.185121,0.000012828366,0.00010899443,0.00031079486,0.000001144311,0.000036074507,0.000015357517],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982415,0.0000026477785,0.0017032883,0.0000013254806,0.000024862324,0.000010419055,8.197284e-7,0.000014496388,6.738532e-7],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990243,0.00002055094,0.00042357983,0.00013056237,0.00018998653,0.00021102265],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987355,0.00089864235,0.00004160402,0.00025853948,0.000030503794,0.0000351955],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007029335,0.00014150223,0.00027491618,0.00005034287,0.000012787256,0.0000046803166,0.00024135831,0.00004658415,5.6925415e-7],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016444846,0.00009301863,0.00007691165,0.00028227924,0.000044235072,0.000021207252,0.000060990493,0.0002119105,2.7937625e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000612495,0.00008444728,0.001373792,0.00022099586,0.000026402926,0.000002029119,0.00025323397,0.87359345,0.1224679,0.00028331086,0.00001606453,0.0016171215],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00034519643,0.0001262606,0.0018619845,0.000159624,0.000008760716,0.0000015321839,0.000018180426,0.92016953,0.07721095,0.000016310683,0.000005493036,0.00007617806],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002606211,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000016852205,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.18402067,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016016825,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008161551,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.37931895},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2090832865","doi":"10.1016/j.ces.2010.08.034","title":"Algorithm for the accurate numerical solution of PBE for drop breakup and coalescence under high shear rates","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Science","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Population balance equation; Discretization; Breakage; Breakup; Sauter mean diameter; Dissipation; Mechanics; Drop (telecommunication); Population; Applied mathematics; Coalescence (physics); Mathematical optimization; Mathematics; Control theory (sociology); Computer science; Mathematical analysis; Physics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.006449414523771771,"score_gpt":0.2208037408494889,"score_spread":0.21435432632571713,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2090832865","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.1393103,0.00008243624,0.8598604,0.00007551636,0.00041502676,0.00016706536,0.000015798281,0.00006872269,0.0000047134536],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.90062255,0.000011720878,0.09922324,0.000010969838,0.000071086055,0.000034986577,0.0000026721764,0.000016398235,0.000006400451],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992803,8.015864e-7,0.00014207055,0.00017761799,0.00011375815,0.00028544967],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994448,0.00024579754,0.000017404494,0.00014605776,0.00006861398,0.000077362696],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022481372,0.00010759139,0.00012008164,0.00003851879,0.00007548187,0.000041409796,0.0002384578,0.000055818524,0.0000015663875],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014796919,0.00008600332,0.000034618555,0.00020603796,0.00019928126,0.00012819507,0.000043854896,0.00013756326,4.2055424e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000014684763,0.0000048682277,0.000003788768,0.000041674295,0.000004636142,7.038392e-8,0.00002314059,0.022052322,0.96883625,0.0022280165,0.000019846593,0.006783896],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00013092585,0.000009730127,0.0002535092,0.0000140641105,0.0000067290634,0.0000049643813,0.0000049083465,0.8032864,0.19594912,0.00015912457,0.000086975524,0.000093599425],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007101341,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.3585946e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.781234,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002652299,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002388783,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.35071135},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2091340886","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450820207","title":"Suggestion of a New Correlation for the Height of Shallow Dispersion Bed Formed in a Rotating Disc Contactor","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Contactor; Dispersion (optics); Mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Rotor (electric); Volumetric flow rate; Phase (matter); Materials science; Optics; Chemistry; Physics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.00603944922152764,"score_gpt":0.17920839748861916,"score_spread":0.17316894826709153,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2091340886","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.93506104,0.0005319811,0.06383429,0.00023369525,0.00018179532,0.00013458007,0.0000062835766,0.000005081859,0.0000112657435],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979141,0.000006402166,0.0019851718,0.0000048593956,0.0000649136,0.000002318138,0.0000026573834,0.000016930238,0.0000026733587],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.999389,0.0000026829214,0.00032082113,0.00003778816,0.00009034046,0.00015935408],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995596,0.00014472587,0.000073741496,0.00007026482,0.000044186072,0.00010747788],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001790059,0.0000802074,0.0001576869,0.000090170855,0.000020097761,0.000010930371,0.00014093208,0.000052067768,0.000003221296],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018912736,0.000055403638,0.0000814109,0.00012596982,0.000016845597,0.000081956925,0.0000047387794,0.00018900202,9.902839e-8],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013312738,0.0000026848963,0.0002919651,0.000055614615,0.00002837428,0.0000015866767,0.0010605016,0.86825407,0.1274303,0.0016550533,0.000010381375,0.0011961265],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010285504,0.000040025872,0.0013602283,0.0005424536,0.000037405676,0.000021892594,0.0000553513,0.9631642,0.033103656,0.00049429096,0.000049787315,0.000102171594],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011407144,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018919412,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0949101,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020183498,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014404484,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.22592948},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2091390072","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450820304","title":"Bubble Formation at a Rotating Cylindrical Surface in Cross‐Flowing Liquid","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Sparging; Bubble; Mechanics; Cylinder; Liquid bubble; Rotation (mathematics); Materials science; Viscosity; Chemistry; Physics; Composite material; Mechanical engineering; Geometry; Engineering; Mathematics","score_opus":0.005322396975235515,"score_gpt":0.18330925302607132,"score_spread":0.1779868560508358,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2091390072","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99495447,0.00045739554,0.003981906,0.00013159277,0.00024255434,0.000052617776,0.0000017776404,0.000024502298,0.00015318765],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99790317,0.0000031607872,0.0019337175,0.00002268946,0.000099824756,0.0000011937252,0.0000016998848,0.000030991694,0.000003533677],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99904466,0.0000048763522,0.00038659098,0.000059755203,0.0001369859,0.00036712034],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99953306,0.00004962873,0.000027493952,0.000094439114,0.000042366628,0.00025299887],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002924451,0.0001247412,0.00016892604,0.00011120829,0.00005701214,0.00006445499,0.00020615383,0.00008337609,0.0000069981916],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011509843,0.000111530186,0.000075236945,0.00020833674,0.000021312624,0.00022025881,0.000015580927,0.00043063678,0.000004987789],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000045454804,0.0000013071053,0.00007095117,0.000024021798,0.000008373038,0.000038345464,0.0005076889,0.8288619,0.17024119,0.00018162136,0.000006509529,0.000053559255],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00079030887,0.000028723847,0.00023139402,0.0003292129,0.00001142398,0.00037020925,0.000016480653,0.81218195,0.1854943,0.00010604805,0.00018967333,0.00025025193],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00067780714,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011562441,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.016679903,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00094780506,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00011039685,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.45480692},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2091411932","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2005.12.006","title":"CFD simulation of homogeneous reactions in turbulent pipe flows—Tubular non-catalytic reactors","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Journal","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Turbulence; Computational fluid dynamics; Mechanics; Reynolds number; Thermodynamics; Isothermal process; Flow (mathematics); Materials science; Chemistry; Physics","score_opus":0.0035799517981662315,"score_gpt":0.17897724441636007,"score_spread":0.17539729261819384,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2091411932","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8681301,0.00040550018,0.1308343,0.000012680164,0.00028712637,0.00006244492,0.0000029582998,0.00008120755,0.00018369252],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9961954,0.000036446876,0.0034606375,0.0000018944896,0.00022488303,0.0000031155955,0.000013746734,0.000045857494,0.000018050761],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99898684,0.000003098331,0.00046535378,0.000109350476,0.00016379988,0.00027156714],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996232,0.00006585313,0.000042615688,0.00014064295,0.000041878655,0.00008584156],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011630364,0.00016338231,0.00021280897,0.0002082424,0.00001892762,0.000025315547,0.00011698793,0.00011366148,0.000011570764],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000050467046,0.00017595434,0.00009832815,0.00022845819,0.000010354051,0.00010566427,0.00001535368,0.00040431743,0.000004258556],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000018038089,0.000016328495,0.000033516273,0.000039721508,0.0000098190485,0.000020267,0.000020423582,0.60748166,0.3921779,0.00001380425,0.000021034775,0.0001637001],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00026839005,0.0000075058556,0.00035380077,0.00012588427,0.00001313974,0.0001246381,0.0000036059464,0.9188678,0.07955982,0.000050722785,0.00046015257,0.00016450098],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000019003774,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000012509904,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3126181,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022990134,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016063612,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.71752095},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2091689820","doi":"10.1016/s0255-2701(01)00167-2","title":"Liquid holdup distribution in packed columns: gamma ray tomography and CFD simulation","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering and Processing - Process Intensification","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":64,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Distributor; Computational fluid dynamics; Packed bed; Inlet; Mechanics; Tomography; Materials science; Volumetric flow rate; Flow (mathematics); Uniform distribution (continuous); Chromatography; Chemistry; Physics; Mathematics; Engineering; Thermodynamics; Optics; Mechanical engineering","score_opus":0.00948453745071683,"score_gpt":0.2033123891536792,"score_spread":0.19382785170296235,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2091689820","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95200336,0.0029935366,0.0442988,0.00006750003,0.000072873576,0.00014297989,0.000007902078,0.00034689606,0.000066149245],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990601,0.0001791972,0.00053266034,0.000017608927,0.00005260367,0.00004248952,0.000071578266,0.00003581543,0.000007969167],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990614,0.0000049314413,0.0002900809,0.00027814312,0.000114846516,0.00025061428],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996012,0.000047592064,0.000038448583,0.00010484965,0.00011807146,0.000089860245],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011454193,0.00019640515,0.00019076654,0.000119008095,0.000051173123,0.00009292189,0.00006665519,0.00015587731,0.0000031003997],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016147594,0.00021727235,0.00002270043,0.0004046823,0.00004981656,0.00026699083,0.0000148108,0.00023661854,0.0000013382856],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008547064,0.00011923965,0.0011346878,0.0038758775,0.000045511566,0.0000080348755,0.003914689,0.46466112,0.44913113,0.00047272464,0.00011309663,0.07643843],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00027023026,0.00001850527,0.0007414811,0.00028428543,0.0000131224915,0.0000068155077,0.000062057,0.98928535,0.008768091,0.00006964997,0.00022007657,0.00026030972],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000026273083,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.4670116e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5246242,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000055553235,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000048417483,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8860109},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2091751827","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20222","title":"Dispersed phase holdup and slip velocity of phases in a pulsed packed column in conditions with and without mass transfer","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Mass transfer; Slip (aerodynamics); Materials science; Mechanics; Slip ratio; Packed bed; Phase (matter); Thermodynamics; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chemistry; Chromatography; Composite material; Physics; Shear stress","score_opus":0.005198217635971179,"score_gpt":0.19279935930340938,"score_spread":0.18760114166743821,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2091751827","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9981517,0.00026046208,0.0013252848,0.000105158724,0.000021029107,0.00007409914,0.000016907832,0.0000058043815,0.000039545434],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99960756,0.000011943683,0.00033088564,0.00001669827,0.00001619232,0.0000014750576,0.0000020056773,0.000011869058,0.0000013624283],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994749,0.0000052190057,0.0002141987,0.00005467696,0.00006579041,0.00018521419],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99969554,0.000031812055,0.0000142263025,0.000053922337,0.0000210174,0.00018347242],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011381683,0.000097983095,0.00021039094,0.00015661353,0.000014483677,0.000020600048,0.000065486485,0.000045409353,0.0000054206635],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000025861063,0.0000818154,0.000020799649,0.00014116042,0.000050870785,0.0000805569,0.000001329506,0.00024022213,2.8963234e-8],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000055909026,0.000024404575,0.0013376503,0.00006980826,0.000047653837,0.00008297392,0.0013353352,0.05959442,0.9357248,0.0006623871,0.000011983096,0.001052664],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.008788753,0.00023776904,0.008755743,0.0008775298,0.000074168645,0.00029078522,0.00013414396,0.89917904,0.080709614,0.00043751823,0.000053715856,0.00046120246],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00028856858,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010895483,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8550152,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000849877,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000062968036,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.33363354},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2093309631","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450790202","title":"Scalar mixing measurements in a continuously operated stirred tank","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","keywords":"Impeller; Rushton turbine; Micromixing; Mechanics; Axial compressor; Mixing (physics); Volumetric flow rate; Materials science; Flow (mathematics); Turbine; Jet (fluid); Physics; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Thermodynamics; Gas compressor; Microfluidics","score_opus":0.010915164276202052,"score_gpt":0.17801431374973936,"score_spread":0.16709914947353732,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2093309631","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99654937,0.0010512366,0.0013361825,0.00021242286,0.00037641823,0.00007122343,0.000002071053,0.000027717771,0.00037337956],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99930894,0.000008569455,0.000473089,0.000035631612,0.00011485193,0.000002061296,0.0000013179896,0.000037254777,0.000018277615],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99899006,0.00000948318,0.00036659394,0.000071211194,0.00016320245,0.0003994299],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99943125,0.00003250695,0.000030332567,0.00011739538,0.00007975501,0.0003087561],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00038032336,0.0001454659,0.00022001292,0.00020076266,0.000032226595,0.00007294758,0.0002818819,0.000078290395,0.000023530582],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014613525,0.00012574073,0.00006365712,0.0003162533,0.000022075217,0.000112253794,0.000008405993,0.00043263024,0.0000036542713],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007624602,0.0000054144516,0.0016643681,0.000025302157,0.00007236796,0.0001918992,0.00036496235,0.5524524,0.44360477,0.00007348803,0.0003308167,0.0012066158],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0016634553,0.00003036212,0.0014570252,0.0006834457,0.000046285462,0.00073136284,0.000040181283,0.93389595,0.05677594,0.000085032276,0.004019346,0.000571603],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007614528,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013333509,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.38682884,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004029782,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012036401,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5127558},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2093559926","doi":"10.1016/j.ces.2008.05.027","title":"Modelling of compressible gas–liquid flow in a convergent–divergent nozzle","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Science","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Syncrude (Canada); University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Syncrude","keywords":"Nozzle; Mechanics; Bubble; Compressibility; Drag; Turbulence; Discharge coefficient; Two-phase flow; Flow (mathematics); Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Classical mechanics; Physics","score_opus":0.01452055977523259,"score_gpt":0.18874123448548652,"score_spread":0.17422067471025393,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2093559926","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8845497,0.0003016614,0.11440004,0.0000043271207,0.00027628217,0.000057557754,0.0000037957038,0.00011327656,0.0002933967],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9852725,0.00009346781,0.014573163,0.000004156634,0.000022378015,0.0000069132598,0.000001992779,0.000017942568,0.0000074865634],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989301,0.0000015112514,0.00024780325,0.00020257742,0.00025155206,0.000366457],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996086,0.000023871626,0.000015091676,0.0001913061,0.00004031552,0.000120837096],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012477853,0.00013091763,0.00018420746,0.0001660128,0.000028071636,0.0000068693466,0.00031700238,0.00004829451,0.000015438623],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000030608167,0.00014291126,0.000044049426,0.0005898346,0.000119628385,0.00015447618,0.00007447651,0.00015421984,0.0000060282573],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000017760833,0.000008058335,0.00003089489,0.000030752897,0.0000016223843,0.0000037498412,0.00010616452,0.5783295,0.4213487,0.000102915976,0.0000110285155,0.000024832616],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000113413844,0.000006917567,0.00002442753,0.000044701657,0.000001220451,0.0000065708446,0.0000027087547,0.6949399,0.30472124,0.0000068112668,0.000023525985,0.00010855722],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000144231135,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.6127305e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.11662745,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000105319246,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000034401382,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.58277524},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2093962308","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450800106","title":"Gas recirculation rate and its influences on mass transfer in multiple impeller systems with various impeller combinations","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Impeller; Mass transfer; Slip factor; Contactor; Mechanics; Rushton turbine; Turbine; Agitator; Mass transfer coefficient; Materials science; Flow (mathematics); Mechanical engineering; Dispersion (optics); Thermodynamics; Physics; Engineering; Optics","score_opus":0.008848839085330682,"score_gpt":0.15804193776792078,"score_spread":0.1491930986825901,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2093962308","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99739,0.0009355471,0.0010825117,0.00012984306,0.000196894,0.000094276416,0.000004117817,0.00001410403,0.00015273628],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99983156,0.00002997533,0.0000422617,0.000013611013,0.00004057763,0.0000032831244,9.326561e-7,0.0000242774,0.00001352167],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99938536,0.000010537588,0.00022860448,0.00006470583,0.000095585936,0.0002152281],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996112,0.00007971245,0.00001784679,0.000067603934,0.000044236083,0.0001794156],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015799615,0.00011678225,0.00014936851,0.0001708385,0.00003815498,0.000053719974,0.00009940584,0.000063835956,0.000008702214],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000041863736,0.00009071338,0.000025721169,0.000167985,0.000017036324,0.00010531348,0.000001932839,0.00031340023,0.0000021447859],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000033190975,0.0000046876025,0.00026252857,0.00003699707,0.00003446347,0.00003106411,0.00057742157,0.9432612,0.054877337,0.0007594835,0.000024347608,0.00012713278],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00060592784,0.000021518423,0.00047895356,0.00017361557,0.00001256578,0.00007084784,0.000014288113,0.9950662,0.0032768827,0.000025491752,0.00012446532,0.00012922054],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002737438,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00029884558,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.05180501,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016507595,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000025194602,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.36991844},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2094823664","doi":"10.2118/151034-ms","title":"Performance Evaluation of a New Transient Two-Phase Flow Model","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IADC/SPE Drilling Conference and Exhibition","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"ConocoPhillips (Canada)","funders":"ConocoPhillips","keywords":"Transient (computer programming); Underbalanced drilling; Workover; Mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Drilling fluid; Two-phase flow; Petroleum engineering; Pipeline (software); Simulation; Drilling; Engineering; Mechanical engineering; Computer science; Physics","score_opus":0.04520445899692952,"score_gpt":0.2782151513663658,"score_spread":0.2330106923694363,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2094823664","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8006934,0.00035303325,0.19739978,0.000020941077,0.0001465711,0.000121006844,0.0000090598305,0.00004749263,0.0012087112],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9964296,0.00034822,0.0030156798,0.000013694721,0.000099456316,0.000008858529,0.00005079883,0.000014830257,0.000018821618],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992541,0.000011367463,0.00019817898,0.00010724224,0.00022167912,0.00020743026],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99965787,0.000009228867,0.00002810058,0.000107053645,0.00010391328,0.0000938541],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00033301095,0.00011580461,0.00013315654,0.00007439533,0.000046248555,0.000020566296,0.000036962098,0.00005468448,0.00003126234],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000078272515,0.000119181546,0.000032836007,0.000072719864,0.000020676784,0.00032459458,0.000006977467,0.00007943458,0.0000056291897],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001391156,0.00003496058,0.00011982516,0.00006627133,0.000014799692,1.2952212e-7,0.0038392022,0.8133282,0.065573715,0.0006087114,0.00007054018,0.11632976],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009616717,0.000027730885,0.00026792617,0.00012329278,0.000056685625,0.0000030597214,0.00008372407,0.99001396,0.007996392,0.00028569446,0.000041515923,0.00013837779],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000151139975,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000099202325,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.19573623,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000038492417,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000042941723,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.48600823},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2095080323","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450810327","title":"Bubble Column Bioreactors: Comparison with Stirred Fermenters Based on Local Gas Hold‐up Distribution","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Impeller; Dispersion (optics); Aeration; Mechanics; Bubble; Viscosity; Shear thinning; Bioreactor; Materials science; Sparging; Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Composite material; Physics; Optics","score_opus":0.005276017869938554,"score_gpt":0.16535684851318871,"score_spread":0.16008083064325015,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2095080323","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8952292,0.00016751324,0.103443794,0.00018790674,0.0005473211,0.00010789874,0.000032095795,0.000045903253,0.00023833664],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99961644,0.0000010625947,0.00024466455,0.000027834623,0.00005128292,0.0000023899522,0.000015081533,0.00003419968,0.000007021654],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991329,0.0000100499565,0.0002505321,0.00007752246,0.00018040318,0.0003486369],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993215,0.000055035365,0.000043643104,0.00013804686,0.000052997864,0.00038876862],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000173374,0.00016469364,0.00020616129,0.00008786176,0.000049102688,0.0000679739,0.00016678215,0.00007036193,0.000015740421],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000052933647,0.00013014581,0.00006635759,0.00018418136,0.00005243686,0.00006148323,0.0000027637545,0.00041031514,0.0000023598752],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018711682,0.000009433763,0.0002973707,0.000025944459,0.000050516468,0.000031981996,0.00007582571,0.9770253,0.020597925,0.00040646736,0.0011137428,0.00034679196],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00071331294,0.000084255,0.00014722285,0.00023531719,0.00003795701,0.00006687609,0.00003132752,0.926183,0.06912391,0.000015397773,0.0031243672,0.00023707222],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00028198885,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00025586694,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.10438723,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000694912,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00017284746,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5307192},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2095258729","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450780303","title":"Experimental studies of liquid flow maldistribution in a random packed column","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Distributor; Packed bed; Volumetric flow rate; Liquid flow; Flow (mathematics); Materials science; Scaling; Surface tension; Viscosity; Chromatography; Mechanics; Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Composite material; Mathematics; Physics; Geometry","score_opus":0.006648205358406903,"score_gpt":0.19469926023959747,"score_spread":0.18805105488119056,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2095258729","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99607503,0.0033668815,0.00019150168,0.00005577493,0.00015259444,0.000052953197,0.0000090329995,0.000009530055,0.000086704364],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995586,0.000024838788,0.0003101033,0.000008403883,0.00007129337,0.0000027610936,0.00000199575,0.000015644511,0.0000063596694],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993269,0.000007302213,0.00031846194,0.000043624586,0.00009133709,0.00021236202],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99967647,0.000049644914,0.000024439172,0.00007562062,0.000036041904,0.0001377641],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019728144,0.00009715179,0.000233008,0.00008188599,0.000018760753,0.000012305286,0.00013551251,0.000048575974,0.000051455892],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000057956007,0.00008382752,0.000071447925,0.00012396525,0.00004225935,0.00006229457,0.0000045899487,0.00020938838,0.0000012683561],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000067644425,0.000007631176,0.000017107423,0.00005220653,0.00009597784,0.000048084104,0.0011919508,0.52933705,0.4681735,0.00024152607,0.00021116914,0.00055615604],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0021099146,0.00009243392,0.00007215444,0.00044816957,0.000032402626,0.00016311428,0.00012506917,0.38568884,0.61003494,0.00007075681,0.00088741106,0.0002747812],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00019332055,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00013102307,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1436482,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00030582875,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007333555,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.34183872},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2095390806","doi":"10.1016/j.ces.2006.06.001","title":"Liquid phase mixing and gas hold-up in a multistage-agitated contactor with co-current upflow of air/viscous fluids","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Science","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Contactor; Residence time distribution; Chemistry; Impeller; Mechanics; Viscosity; Turbulence; Reynolds number; Mixing (physics); Chromatography; Flow (mathematics); Thermodynamics; Physics","score_opus":0.00497510812841808,"score_gpt":0.22098977258123526,"score_spread":0.21601466445281717,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2095390806","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9817908,0.0004549309,0.017220298,0.0000074268964,0.00015492395,0.00012527024,0.000016854427,0.000121423196,0.00010811329],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977647,0.000021910892,0.002123123,0.0000031100421,0.000029769684,0.0000119561555,0.0000100102125,0.000028587563,0.000006798714],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99877673,0.00000251688,0.00027932483,0.00028248795,0.00023519962,0.0004237078],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995664,0.00006180866,0.000024173827,0.00017580535,0.000049917384,0.00012190589],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015631267,0.00020116093,0.0002433192,0.00019940714,0.000028077815,0.000035663357,0.00019797613,0.0000487071,0.0000039655615],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000066946246,0.00019255889,0.000026138781,0.0005259623,0.00018330458,0.0002011902,0.000038118636,0.00020577629,0.0000012441815],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018830913,0.000034113804,0.00012554904,0.00012863464,0.0000034360196,0.0000088501665,0.000127466,0.058993798,0.9398172,0.00017625916,0.000011785463,0.00055407186],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00091349497,0.000049477432,0.0002709324,0.0001882242,0.0000047964418,0.00001000684,0.000009089368,0.6246567,0.3736049,0.0000036322165,0.00007831701,0.00021046826],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002745179,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000028258085,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5662123,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013029747,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003660652,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.78523237},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2095430006","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450780505","title":"Instabilities when using a standard (<i>T</i>/3) rushton turbine for stirring as foam disruption (SAFD)","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Rushton turbine; Impeller; Agitator; Turbine; Mechanical engineering; Materials science; Mathematics; Engineering","score_opus":0.007541344147422838,"score_gpt":0.19214375887555654,"score_spread":0.1846024147281337,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2095430006","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98977315,0.00091411814,0.008429929,0.00011219216,0.00033817333,0.00013274868,0.000029872519,0.000042107902,0.0002276761],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99513185,0.0000118391235,0.0043744743,0.0000341709,0.00033974004,0.000004434365,0.0000035741903,0.00005991081,0.000040002968],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989656,0.000006333505,0.0003735482,0.00008760372,0.00015626218,0.00041062772],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99933785,0.00008140637,0.00003694044,0.00014235724,0.00007876935,0.0003227039],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00028300172,0.00017934927,0.00024854467,0.00012808041,0.000085947075,0.000099713376,0.00022770332,0.00008833098,0.00010403565],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009678793,0.00015546028,0.00013698633,0.000108290275,0.00003996998,0.00018772665,0.0000070784786,0.0003281518,0.0000019419338],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000037426904,0.0000029508938,0.000033196327,0.00013070162,0.00008395382,0.000017615848,0.0010259014,0.9061891,0.08384126,0.0007768053,0.00013949313,0.007721605],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007011722,0.00006617745,0.000022139246,0.00034097402,0.00007541311,0.00027048652,0.00005149602,0.9578147,0.026705459,0.001061353,0.012528082,0.0003625792],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006199439,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00026268902,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0571358,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00055647566,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018347467,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6339486},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2095567011","doi":"10.1016/j.minpro.2012.12.003","title":"Bubble size, gas holdup and bubble velocity profile of some alcohols and commercial frothers","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Mineral Processing","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":49,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Bubble; Chemistry; Terminal velocity; Mechanics; Sauter mean diameter; Gas bubble; Relative velocity; Hexanol; Chromatography; Thermodynamics; Alcohol; Physics; Classical mechanics; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.01068783778187463,"score_gpt":0.24490698815411321,"score_spread":0.2342191503722386,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2095567011","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9944468,0.0026683868,0.0014721612,0.00018861933,0.00042257036,0.00004351406,0.000010085316,0.000011620304,0.00073620526],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9932885,0.00015181246,0.005923166,0.00006857311,0.00047796243,0.0000012512864,0.0000018247104,0.000017996908,0.00006887354],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99923944,0.000011034335,0.00031236975,0.0000568648,0.00023157174,0.00014874325],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995458,0.00004676143,0.00013692665,0.000033196768,0.0001537385,0.000083547115],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002647802,0.00010006284,0.0001758491,0.00009630996,0.000032822827,0.000057010653,0.00011936331,0.000047598216,0.000019394854],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000052018193,0.00009005012,0.00003663783,0.000040882253,0.000050693365,0.000645876,0.000037047525,0.0001521207,6.3055063e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003336671,0.0003021294,0.07191001,0.00060991326,0.0006131609,0.000043782744,0.0058313413,0.0060584396,0.6181378,0.0021119062,0.004009112,0.29003876],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.014239092,0.00059933134,0.29971305,0.003985348,0.0003852554,0.0024454875,0.0016984411,0.5623826,0.090606935,0.00845195,0.013281095,0.002211438],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000018777104,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000033750819,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5563241,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000043702843,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000026052274,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.36721373},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2096061250","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450800507","title":"Gas—Liquid Mass Transfer Coefficient in Stirred Tank Reactors","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":84,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Sparging; Mass transfer coefficient; Impeller; Mass transfer; Dispersion (optics); Analytical Chemistry (journal); Continuous stirred-tank reactor; Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Agitator; Materials science; Mechanics; Chromatography; Physics; Optics; Physical chemistry","score_opus":0.0064403665199257885,"score_gpt":0.15305833388236426,"score_spread":0.14661796736243846,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2096061250","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99283934,0.0011320823,0.004640458,0.000420169,0.00046337582,0.000061821534,0.0000067072488,0.00002797261,0.00040808102],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996099,0.00001870024,0.00018849864,0.000025256371,0.00010662132,0.0000015622065,8.63976e-7,0.00003658436,0.000012009284],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990946,0.0000060769253,0.00032372313,0.00006534016,0.00013647042,0.00037379758],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99946254,0.000049355553,0.000013746906,0.00011864563,0.000031539057,0.00032419563],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017653091,0.00013938712,0.00019015852,0.00019437922,0.000021810256,0.000036052083,0.00024714263,0.00008030287,0.00006932958],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000055671575,0.00011865149,0.000081275095,0.00023452063,0.000026628091,0.000068247966,0.0000035131623,0.00047796158,0.000004804977],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005307975,0.0000055856913,0.00002650499,0.000033497097,0.000035093082,0.00013211425,0.0006274741,0.6172497,0.38054767,0.0004460908,0.0003928746,0.00049806904],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00042262868,0.000030758867,0.000027012791,0.000164546,0.000018558598,0.00012630905,0.000016412709,0.93812716,0.056870833,0.000023375937,0.003922309,0.00025011293],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00015784484,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00028754325,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.32367685,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00035771736,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003844611,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.48384675},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2097328319","doi":"10.1139/s08-047","title":"Effect of orifice diameter, depth of air injection, and air flow rate on oxygen transfer in a pilot-scale, full lift, hypolimnetic aeratorA paper submitted to the Journal of Environmental Engineering and Science.","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Diffuser (optics); Aeration; Hypolimnion; Environmental science; Oxygen; Lift (data mining); Body orifice; Airflow; Environmental engineering; Chemistry; Engineering; Waste management; Optics; Eutrophication; Physics; Mechanical engineering","score_opus":0.0023016888531792587,"score_gpt":0.1535778436331992,"score_spread":0.15127615478001996,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2097328319","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9912278,0.0016628144,0.006584962,0.00003679676,0.000313123,0.00013047767,0.000012663658,0.0000057748834,0.000025583035],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993883,0.00014177545,0.00033491288,0.000028344204,0.00007538307,0.0000011405878,3.1244645e-7,0.000028576462,0.0000012998303],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988195,0.000031653613,0.0005262526,0.000098450124,0.00020266292,0.00032151002],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99926174,0.00012506485,0.00005655776,0.00012217101,0.000044449644,0.0003900059],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010080447,0.00020179772,0.00037254294,0.00085379556,0.00004123108,0.000022198365,0.00019553691,0.000053438245,0.0000061389387],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009626076,0.00016999038,0.00006021151,0.0004306838,0.00004836173,0.00022096823,0.000007325889,0.0003399543,1.8306986e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000041353247,0.0000065499803,0.00061808585,0.000071772105,0.000027975577,0.00001753466,0.0007002737,0.750554,0.24588715,0.000010140401,0.000010234053,0.0020548995],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0032536464,0.0063961465,0.3765371,0.0016336147,0.00018018145,0.0009887589,0.00019906212,0.559209,0.05045496,0.0000124316575,0.00042977126,0.0007053069],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009279026,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004361638,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.37591904,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017720228,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009612209,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.69320065},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2098499587","doi":"10.1002/aic.13762","title":"Direct numerical simulation of the turbulent flow in a baffled tank driven by a Rushton turbine","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AIChE Journal","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":61,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek; University of Alberta","keywords":"Rushton turbine; Turbulence; Mechanics; Hydraulic turbines; Turbine; Computer simulation; Flow (mathematics); Draft tube; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.005934170201535259,"score_gpt":0.21130534682546573,"score_spread":0.20537117662393048,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2098499587","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98041105,0.0012836289,0.016824232,0.00014615043,0.00046619796,0.00009194925,0.0000041949042,0.00002509271,0.00074752484],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991714,0.000055494314,0.0005713387,0.000032100168,0.00010636153,0.0000016428542,0.0000018657495,0.00001753024,0.00004226581],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99932265,0.00003851664,0.00023252582,0.000045711156,0.0001524528,0.00020813433],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997148,0.00005246234,0.000046547288,0.00009694407,0.00002521385,0.000064045365],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022628183,0.00008641974,0.00013822947,0.00004559585,0.000032748376,0.00001417921,0.000102053426,0.00005246269,0.000043747594],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000045879955,0.00006133443,0.000063867505,0.00016423108,0.000009314715,0.000116634445,0.000020356383,0.0002519676,0.0000040347754],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007912628,0.0000414201,0.008931305,0.000009726912,0.000026202688,0.00000148656,0.00051529566,0.9697683,0.017399969,0.000009620695,0.0008603037,0.0024284548],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00030296826,0.0000131727475,0.020415891,0.000045411187,0.000012995434,0.000018653678,0.00001130782,0.97603476,0.0016541886,0.000012704501,0.0014006682,0.00007725005],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000013784356,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005208766,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.018760372,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010157416,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011045251,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.25011453},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2098523184","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450790114","title":"Power draw of a high‐Shear homogenizer","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Laminar flow; Mechanics; Turbulence; Froude number; Mixing (physics); Reynolds number; Homogenizer; Power (physics); Shear (geology); Materials science; Physics; Thermodynamics; Breakup; Chemistry","score_opus":0.0029014330223153086,"score_gpt":0.15121905861386534,"score_spread":0.14831762559155004,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2098523184","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9952349,0.00085118506,0.0026950317,0.00015742505,0.00039580662,0.00003319064,0.000003921302,0.00001745537,0.0006110874],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99918795,0.000009889744,0.00061197724,0.000022337867,0.00011459843,6.5162266e-7,6.681802e-7,0.000031940304,0.000019997358],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992916,0.0000035618762,0.00027771984,0.00004492348,0.00011941759,0.000262755],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99945736,0.00003834519,0.000033423057,0.00013386278,0.00006491283,0.0002720961],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001418157,0.000107493026,0.00019051059,0.00012710718,0.000022079992,0.00002330548,0.00023928695,0.00006655806,0.000083488274],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000056488538,0.000087810324,0.00009475212,0.00018197804,0.000034998386,0.00006507216,0.000007829923,0.00028996918,0.000003555407],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000956855,0.0000070234614,0.00018372777,0.00005328128,0.00018761498,0.00018014379,0.00056829426,0.55057895,0.44190115,0.004535134,0.0011160658,0.0006790239],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0027299968,0.00019260716,0.0030100513,0.0009531312,0.0002337476,0.0042550983,0.00008273893,0.4948209,0.4536958,0.0022425891,0.036171507,0.0016118145],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00041885104,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008012847,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.05575806,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013161196,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009035191,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3580801},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2099108731","doi":"10.1115/fedsm2006-98355","title":"CFD Modeling of Gas-Liquid Flow and Heat Transfer in a High Pressure Water Electrolysis System","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; Hydrogenics (Canada)","funders":"Natural Resources Canada","keywords":"Separator (oil production); Mechanics; Computational fluid dynamics; Materials science; Heat transfer; Bubble; Volumetric flow rate; Thermodynamics; Volume of fluid method; Two-phase flow; Multiphase flow; Flow (mathematics); Fluid dynamics; Physics","score_opus":0.001982068074416436,"score_gpt":0.13962103042188373,"score_spread":0.13763896234746728,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2099108731","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8757353,0.00056704524,0.122352205,0.000016852704,0.000032302665,0.0000801048,0.000004361141,0.00008451952,0.0011273419],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992816,0.000027572727,0.00058414234,0.0000036008996,0.000023302673,0.000009389281,0.000008346808,0.00002185153,0.000040222254],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99939305,0.000008297475,0.00020884431,0.00011181514,0.00007047584,0.00020754072],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998644,0.0000058539013,0.0000010252792,0.000093233866,0.000015019536,0.000020455267],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008125727,0.00010028954,0.00018853697,0.00008641143,0.000013634216,0.00001192983,0.000041056344,0.00006135914,0.000010790156],"category_scores_gemma":[3.6897674e-7,0.00007705922,0.00003276893,0.000056519515,0.000004765853,0.000060204617,0.0000073099504,0.00006637389,9.776875e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001146219,0.0000053544254,0.000029612553,0.00017570985,0.000018191724,0.0000018687872,0.00007822777,0.7663438,0.2321822,0.0011222229,0.0000047360327,0.000026637766],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00027230944,0.000019906609,0.000008771008,0.0000393559,0.000023998928,0.0000035910348,0.000016820035,0.94049615,0.05899097,0.00002157967,0.000014108655,0.00009244159],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009635214,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003192161,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.17415237,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000020775491,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002571122,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3142384},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2099139349","doi":"10.1016/j.cherd.2013.01.013","title":"Characterization of the continuous-flow mixing of non-Newtonian fluids using the ratio of residence time to batch mixing time","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Process Safety and Environmental Protection","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Impeller; Residence time distribution; Mixing (physics); Mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Residence time (fluid dynamics); Inlet; Materials science; Newtonian fluid; Volumetric flow rate; Agitator; Non-Newtonian fluid; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Physics; Geotechnical engineering","score_opus":0.0033878990590395282,"score_gpt":0.16357036042993733,"score_spread":0.1601824613708978,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2099139349","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8174677,0.00003300434,0.18164045,0.00006127167,0.00003694886,0.00064876326,0.000014575277,0.0000124542175,0.00008485059],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99921036,0.000028606746,0.00056323735,0.000009738366,0.000021813072,0.000026590571,0.0000070001734,0.00001860489,0.00011405583],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99928594,0.000025189798,0.00030301712,0.00012203945,0.00014673901,0.00011707109],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997059,0.000013868707,0.000106247804,0.00013428301,0.000015322668,0.00002437382],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015658906,0.00010921014,0.00015719763,0.00003669973,0.000119326214,0.0000106111,0.00009992827,0.000057652283,0.00005833794],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000118551225,0.000082447164,0.00003459874,0.0001304314,0.00006943027,0.00023237936,0.000051094987,0.00009230392,0.0000062152276],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000017806442,0.000010799787,0.00027202565,0.0001338718,0.000012061922,3.5006153e-8,0.000663943,0.070309676,0.9254128,0.0000010009351,5.359344e-7,0.003165443],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00010370347,0.00003101671,0.00943754,0.0001705278,0.0000131265615,0.0000033826568,0.000080906415,0.74286515,0.24719167,0.000020534073,0.000009072854,0.000073344214],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000057586647,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000017367629,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6782211,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000045611934,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000069413945,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.33620977},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2099622795","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450850211","title":"Hydrodynamic Modelling of Internal Loop Airlift Reactor Applying Drift‐Flux Model in Bubbly Flow Regime","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Airlift; Mechanics; Bubble; Flow (mathematics); Flux (metallurgy); Energy balance; Two-phase flow; Circulation (fluid dynamics); Materials science; Environmental science; Thermodynamics; Bioreactor; Physics; Chemistry","score_opus":0.008208636548386796,"score_gpt":0.17526968749085306,"score_spread":0.16706105094246626,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2099622795","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.72612935,0.00046033048,0.27272153,0.000026938513,0.00023082012,0.00007075008,0.0000053336776,0.000020254754,0.00033467394],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99257916,0.0000075028106,0.0071618767,0.000019859182,0.00014459692,0.0000018791233,0.0000022936438,0.000063045416,0.00001975615],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984556,0.000005500074,0.00069296296,0.00010750539,0.00021848046,0.00051994005],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99917597,0.00009435171,0.00009181095,0.00019424658,0.0000748808,0.00036874798],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00068092137,0.00020874632,0.00033896195,0.0004105641,0.000022784647,0.000030692674,0.0004271693,0.00013862299,0.0000065833947],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000068339374,0.00019210552,0.0001377611,0.0002584001,0.000041507385,0.0001494649,0.000019025607,0.0007976047,0.0000013813176],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008482208,0.0000034287382,0.000035305442,0.00004667928,0.000033917702,0.00004439423,0.00036204988,0.8803945,0.11813295,0.00027079316,0.000024257835,0.00064320076],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002742734,0.000008677763,0.00000915919,0.00030930535,0.000017323337,0.000091310045,0.000018052064,0.97846544,0.020363575,0.00019813613,0.0000624556,0.00018231706],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00076437887,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006552048,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2664498,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00048616927,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015908809,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7833836},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2100229502","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450850301","title":"Experimental Investigations of Regimes of Bubble Formation on Submerged Orifices Under Constant Flow Condition","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":91,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung","keywords":"Body orifice; Bubble; Mechanics; Liquid bubble; Dimensionless quantity; Coalescence (physics); Surface tension; Weber number; Materials science; Reynolds number; Thermodynamics; Flow (mathematics); Constant (computer programming); Physics; Mechanical engineering","score_opus":0.008937773482615523,"score_gpt":0.19418673950488413,"score_spread":0.18524896602226862,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2100229502","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9900178,0.00038498308,0.00893076,0.00004549301,0.00019012984,0.000045972574,0.0000085194815,0.0000096888825,0.0003666901],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99895334,0.0000026959444,0.0009620367,0.0000108793765,0.00004802181,7.2320495e-7,0.0000064915325,0.000013253757,0.0000025454406],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99935377,0.0000040945743,0.00034114943,0.000032120122,0.000119616554,0.0001492581],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999583,0.00004499842,0.00007937834,0.00007516966,0.00006548011,0.00015194759],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022252403,0.000078317455,0.00013456478,0.00015548314,0.000024847377,0.000010150045,0.000101651196,0.000049762803,0.000013113492],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000043402975,0.000067607485,0.000052593714,0.00013033679,0.000054697295,0.000106972395,0.0000030549463,0.00015369111,4.9967105e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000039547454,0.0000033619829,0.000012742838,0.000029261291,0.000025693053,0.0000024025303,0.0003219242,0.25905588,0.7341594,0.0062200814,0.00010536419,0.000059900656],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00017415488,0.0000221444,0.00003745115,0.00011579006,0.000012263373,0.000020506142,0.00013462914,0.12247547,0.87667215,0.0002020907,0.00006637634,0.000066968794],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00012027263,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009518775,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.14251272,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017220271,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000068239446,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.27569532},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2101283541","doi":"10.1115/1.2427078","title":"A Numerical Study of Entrainment Mechanism in Axisymmetric Annular Gas-Liquid Flow","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Fluids Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":37,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ontario Tech University","funders":"","keywords":"Entrainment (biomusicology); Volume of fluid method; Mechanics; Coalescence (physics); Rotational symmetry; Flow (mathematics); Physics; Work (physics); Computational fluid dynamics; Computer simulation; Classical mechanics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.0034643636430179998,"score_gpt":0.17755914982277368,"score_spread":0.17409478617975568,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2101283541","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8350579,0.00087024923,0.16332062,0.000008668401,0.00046687314,0.00012280623,0.0000020158734,0.000036314137,0.00011456755],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9941416,0.000056825447,0.0055873245,0.0000036912909,0.00015595973,0.0000044018943,8.536916e-7,0.0000464704,0.000002920952],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99837595,0.000017047889,0.0008118825,0.000106121646,0.0003786662,0.00031033214],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99958587,0.000050658033,0.00007003366,0.00014755753,0.00006193401,0.00008396077],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00039964088,0.00019855937,0.0004274366,0.00073334033,0.000013784983,0.000018829627,0.00019508965,0.000070896225,0.000011980681],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000039138264,0.00019926034,0.00011475287,0.00061636104,0.0000047395015,0.000143685,0.000024786392,0.00030679538,0.0000012606059],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001641842,0.00020997354,0.00025362038,0.000068585745,0.000048179816,0.0001455263,0.00030813558,0.8495588,0.14840499,0.0004697251,0.000038155013,0.0004779285],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013494524,0.00070873625,0.0017133559,0.0001224523,0.00003465801,0.0000857414,0.00012994024,0.97737646,0.018061157,0.00005870613,0.00012284383,0.00023650251],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000028310043,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002717525,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.15908366,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020896678,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016773354,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8125601},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2101680258","doi":"10.1139/s03-002","title":"Mass transfer analysis in ozone bubble columns","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Engineering and Science","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Mass transfer; Turbulence; Bubble; Ozone; Venturi effect; Dispersion (optics); Analytical Chemistry (journal); Mass transfer coefficient; Sensitivity (control systems); Jet (fluid); Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Mechanics; Chromatography; Physics; Meteorology; Optics","score_opus":0.002305939271149227,"score_gpt":0.1507953673223715,"score_spread":0.14848942805122228,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2101680258","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95931554,0.0005597697,0.03963472,0.0000040841082,0.00011901795,0.000020443194,0.0000020173627,0.0000068635386,0.0003375285],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969632,0.00028223984,0.0027123196,0.0000040880054,0.000007985146,5.136843e-7,1.3533072e-7,0.000006969355,0.00002255948],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99937564,0.000003892402,0.00019329945,0.000076825294,0.00017642164,0.00017392525],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998177,0.000014292102,0.000010471223,0.000060364564,0.0000028943425,0.00009423345],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00037119136,0.00007421419,0.00014357659,0.00032295962,0.000027187118,0.000028780309,0.000086425505,0.000022798838,0.000022479562],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000107692185,0.000072818526,0.00004475595,0.0004192577,0.000049308117,0.00018597944,0.0000054495276,0.00012554652,7.7032183e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[7.567724e-7,0.000010009922,0.0041966317,0.0000053288363,0.000021259846,0.000012000721,0.00010142466,0.7150641,0.2802179,0.00020461595,0.0000011433697,0.00016484824],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00044267887,0.00006016365,0.068514764,0.000026597574,0.00006573783,0.000068072986,0.00013082857,0.9229553,0.0069498676,0.000040642033,0.0005291554,0.00021624753],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000014785134,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000017827459,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.273268,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010073007,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008014678,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2969453},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2101845084","doi":"10.1002/aic.14434","title":"Viscosity and rheological behavior of microbubbles in capillary tubes","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AIChE Journal","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Microbubbles; Viscosity; Bubble; Rheology; Capillary action; Materials science; Relative viscosity; Shear thinning; Newtonian fluid; Reduced viscosity; Void (composites); Apparent viscosity; Chemistry; Mechanics; Composite material; Ultrasound; Physics","score_opus":0.0033716268909884496,"score_gpt":0.1750200140368465,"score_spread":0.17164838714585806,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2101845084","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99628466,0.0010185994,0.0022050103,0.000020524527,0.000099435936,0.000022862112,8.3809635e-7,0.000011173133,0.00033686377],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99798644,0.000495133,0.001448282,0.000015946272,0.000036086698,7.018231e-7,5.254101e-7,0.0000067697274,0.000010131271],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99962455,0.000019398649,0.00015095742,0.000045614277,0.00004811711,0.00011138165],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99985695,0.000028000539,0.000011453798,0.000047105,0.000013980312,0.000042533713],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021885765,0.000057729772,0.000116624906,0.00005602883,0.000022459977,0.000013548322,0.00005489242,0.000050862745,0.000014579151],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000018144518,0.00004881483,0.00002332153,0.00003693908,0.000025465704,0.00004889106,0.000022839038,0.00017668736,0.0000011098196],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009321428,0.000058877507,0.27343476,0.000054142314,0.000022544347,0.000040248986,0.00034354016,0.0041209534,0.71051997,0.0012230308,0.0004758151,0.009696835],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012376424,0.0001946673,0.8319822,0.0001728517,0.00005399855,0.00094199186,0.00012637032,0.13049187,0.03242311,0.0010969458,0.0009019469,0.00037638377],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000124668595,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000027438637,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.67809683,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000015075573,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000456171,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1990611},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2102580498","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450840505","title":"Study of Hydrodynamics, Mixing and Gas-Liquid Mass Transfer in a Split-Rectangular Airlift Reactor","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Dimensionless quantity; Physics; Mixing (physics); Mass transfer; Thermodynamics; Mechanics; Airlift; Nozzle; Materials science; Chemistry","score_opus":0.005833305802391557,"score_gpt":0.16362612242349178,"score_spread":0.15779281662110023,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2102580498","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99834174,0.0006410328,0.0006419358,0.00005028899,0.00014750483,0.00009891853,0.000004640856,0.000013524889,0.000060392296],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99956715,0.000026612397,0.00028900622,0.00000654148,0.000067688845,0.000001988704,7.5185335e-7,0.000038434104,0.000001833049],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990504,0.000010955281,0.00041794707,0.00008429078,0.00014305516,0.00029335258],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99949527,0.00005969526,0.000024950932,0.00013245526,0.00003796138,0.0002496511],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022920396,0.00015303162,0.0002987871,0.00023271563,0.000025870902,0.0000130538665,0.0001958232,0.000073663585,0.000004730734],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000056283847,0.00013612637,0.000060094437,0.00019651126,0.00003978473,0.0000845858,0.000007159057,0.00042701836,2.5788813e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000032774748,0.000028685678,0.0012571693,0.00011596476,0.00015913424,0.00060572993,0.006581067,0.26394078,0.726692,0.00032602923,0.000021514792,0.00023913542],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0028748002,0.00038478486,0.0018284704,0.0006147775,0.000119062366,0.0013644419,0.0005013885,0.89911073,0.09201114,0.00009041812,0.00026500458,0.0008349888],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0012186171,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0016273899,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6351699,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018934761,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008578324,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.55510724},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2103500238","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450810370","title":"Hydrodynamic Behavior of a Three‐Phase Spouted Bed with Very Large Particles","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Fouling; Nozzle; Breakup; Mechanics; Particle (ecology); Materials science; Pressure drop; Bubble; Particle deposition; Liquid phase; Two-phase flow; Fluidization; Circulation (fluid dynamics); Drop (telecommunication); Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Fluidized bed; Geology; Membrane; Physics; Engineering; Mechanical engineering; Turbulence","score_opus":0.005017886438941025,"score_gpt":0.17465309691972639,"score_spread":0.16963521048078536,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2103500238","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99417484,0.0003739418,0.0051288805,0.000022264809,0.00013561317,0.000067249755,0.00001344193,0.000019198582,0.00006458659],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989185,0.000002380106,0.000991266,0.000008336561,0.0000350768,0.0000031303696,0.0000017221456,0.00003736615,0.000002269521],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991799,0.0000061472656,0.00028946524,0.000058720118,0.00013117843,0.0003346054],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994103,0.000038954066,0.000049494327,0.00014837539,0.000058878548,0.00029400358],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020363429,0.00013417426,0.00021507144,0.00011750337,0.000029888144,0.000023481502,0.00017696779,0.00005849781,0.00002352446],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000060933813,0.00010292226,0.00007491858,0.00019896476,0.00003707557,0.000078022684,0.0000046401265,0.00028625835,0.0000012305879],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000026119385,0.00005749291,0.0020408623,0.00011490993,0.0002665841,0.00030030942,0.00058217987,0.28943285,0.70101845,0.005245675,0.000055384517,0.00085917057],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0022884824,0.00011005235,0.0003573727,0.00026219653,0.0002160452,0.00052492146,0.00003868789,0.78586614,0.20921671,0.0001839475,0.00052775897,0.0004077035],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00013032557,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00072871323,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.49643326,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014304514,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014292618,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.41970482},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2103543499","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20282","title":"Bubble shape, gas flow and gas–liquid mass transfer in pulp fibre suspensions","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Mass transfer; Hardwood; Volumetric flow rate; Suspension (topology); Softwood; Kraft paper; Pulp (tooth); Mass transfer coefficient; Superficial velocity; Chemistry; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chromatography; Kraft process; Materials science; Mechanics; Composite material; Flow (mathematics)","score_opus":0.0039486579945197985,"score_gpt":0.15848134500424627,"score_spread":0.15453268700972647,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2103543499","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9976915,0.00034611125,0.0008355255,0.0004878711,0.00036183736,0.000051575007,0.000005925181,0.000018718109,0.00020089482],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985733,0.000020287114,0.0011784468,0.000028323302,0.0001532589,0.0000015963296,0.0000015867199,0.00003743781,0.0000057517486],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992188,0.0000042182623,0.00025658676,0.00007359065,0.00009600983,0.00035076647],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99936676,0.00005882807,0.000010491068,0.000117977404,0.00003662257,0.00040934677],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020888727,0.00013894054,0.00018960873,0.00015462653,0.00003511977,0.000049464456,0.000192039,0.000109964676,0.00006233624],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006860748,0.00011892347,0.00005791178,0.00014853592,0.000036601083,0.00009913986,0.0000070875585,0.0008007118,0.0000018448663],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000055860896,0.0000017317157,0.000046157988,0.00002587034,0.000020374491,0.00007959805,0.00024159778,0.07238633,0.92567575,0.00064459455,0.0000882794,0.0007841135],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00039389124,0.000023133876,0.00008366877,0.00012844126,0.000020168045,0.0003703798,0.000013960878,0.9082956,0.08879026,0.00019937633,0.0014432949,0.00023783647],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00026170997,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0025933909,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8368855,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008281976,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009571117,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.48495582},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2103686082","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450800410","title":"Operational Characteristics of a New Energy‐saving Impeller for Gas‐Liquid Mixing","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Impeller; Froude number; Mixing (physics); Turbulence; Mechanics; Aeration; Computational fluid dynamics; Flow (mathematics); Power (physics); Flow visualization; Mechanical engineering; Materials science; Environmental science; Engineering; Physics; Thermodynamics; Waste management","score_opus":0.007874074040082708,"score_gpt":0.1653387184335331,"score_spread":0.1574646443934504,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2103686082","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94888526,0.0016828132,0.047669772,0.0004458053,0.0009041571,0.0000854119,0.000029766468,0.000027049822,0.0002699886],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969666,0.000017937293,0.002413229,0.000044231827,0.00046599944,0.0000017973797,0.0000034141233,0.00003818248,0.000048587848],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99918354,0.0000030776785,0.0003798043,0.000056675657,0.000110303474,0.0002665793],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993907,0.00007108335,0.000055640896,0.00009923713,0.000087161505,0.00029616427],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013077862,0.00012474763,0.00020938356,0.00011767224,0.00003945267,0.000038203594,0.00021764025,0.00006965073,0.00006105134],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012068058,0.00011017396,0.00011107801,0.000103218284,0.000019462388,0.00008515305,0.000008130349,0.00019309044,8.491674e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000157198,0.000008192734,0.00003633526,0.00012665594,0.00019872146,0.00002194781,0.0011187288,0.1527838,0.82951224,0.0061246054,0.004735875,0.0053171967],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00039496264,0.000042927284,0.000022464541,0.00019075502,0.00004145888,0.00012319708,0.000008918459,0.91660565,0.074260354,0.00009348974,0.007992183,0.0002236327],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001988665,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007220352,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.76382184,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001462692,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000094864445,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4492764},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2104209218","doi":"10.2172/825383","title":"COMPUTATIONAL AND EXPERIMENTAL MODELING OF SLURRY BUBBLE COLUMN REACTORS","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"report","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Turbulence; Mechanics; Computational fluid dynamics; Turbulence kinetic energy; Particle (ecology); Fluidization; Flow (mathematics); Slurry; Bubble; Materials science; Turbulence modeling; Two-phase flow; Work (physics); Multiphase flow; Reynolds stress; Kinetic energy; Reynolds number; Viscosity; Thermodynamics; Physics; Fluidized bed; Geology; Classical mechanics","score_opus":0.01602886608547954,"score_gpt":0.24117206127938837,"score_spread":0.22514319519390882,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2104209218","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.51944274,0.0087615065,0.013287871,0.0000031316313,0.0008356122,0.00025472083,0.000092885995,0.00025757792,0.45706394],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9941251,0.0006145255,0.0032835098,0.0000041628505,0.000079007536,0.0000065802965,0.00015558166,0.000052582316,0.0016789254],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99917334,0.0000033513784,0.0002950706,0.00014365614,0.00026270325,0.000121855715],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999763,0.000017756423,0.000026135698,0.00009194921,0.00005408517,0.000047059268],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000076077406,0.00015277683,0.00025658804,0.00008966723,0.000026495314,0.000018826886,0.000050038,0.00014172836,0.00014756923],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000034810857,0.00016693518,0.000052816296,0.00004194388,0.000017186065,0.00004627027,0.000023838118,0.00012837298,0.0000022875788],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000020738812,0.00001293714,0.000028242268,0.0001255922,0.000057252808,0.0000034209102,0.00009790785,0.9964019,0.0003796745,0.00010135187,0.0023326206,0.00045702964],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000106237465,0.0000121773455,0.000012557229,0.00008009315,0.000012720316,0.000021683336,0.000042921685,0.99652296,0.00009921565,0.000065389366,0.0028518438,0.00017216904],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00040487014,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000014105533,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4746824,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010602441,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010255657,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6807419},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2104308370","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20344","title":"Mass transfer and mixing characteristics in an airlift‐driven fibrous‐bed bioreactor","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Airlift; Packed bed; Mass transfer; Mixing (physics); Bioreactor; Tortuosity; Materials science; Superficial velocity; Mass transfer coefficient; Composite material; Air velocity; Chromatography; Airflow; Chemistry; Mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Thermodynamics; Porosity","score_opus":0.0039957389022719815,"score_gpt":0.16181086230374567,"score_spread":0.1578151234014737,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2104308370","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99835604,0.00008503941,0.0009697702,0.00009200663,0.0003803509,0.000044841603,0.000010281234,0.000019510293,0.000042160103],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986476,0.0000053356907,0.0010772668,0.000019107452,0.00020661349,0.000001264147,0.0000029573123,0.000038402686,0.0000015018893],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99927044,0.000005000433,0.00027964564,0.00007038537,0.000083044375,0.00029147696],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994013,0.000046104415,0.000016759657,0.00011555044,0.000033996264,0.00038629357],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016584646,0.00013590102,0.00019853182,0.00015592668,0.000025786074,0.000074731375,0.00020092433,0.00011094721,0.000011618085],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000052548035,0.00011723977,0.000042585103,0.000102950275,0.000036814843,0.0001407614,0.0000047217713,0.00070240773,7.3854847e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000028483284,0.0000020643165,0.0013229831,0.000030774565,0.000014928222,0.00004588906,0.00039976876,0.00410295,0.99273825,0.0004217693,0.000006830714,0.000910932],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007929638,0.000048542694,0.00797573,0.00025307699,0.000045733523,0.0003520477,0.000033702938,0.8893857,0.09936022,0.00016707646,0.0009863665,0.0005988614],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00020825549,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001332266,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.893378,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008080596,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007447216,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4780899},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2104870547","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450800417","title":"Critical Impeller Speed for Suspending Solids in Aerated Agitation Tanks","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Impeller; Sparging; Suspension (topology); Agitator; Aeration; Mixing (physics); Volatile suspended solids; Suspended solids; Materials science; Mechanics; Chromatography; Chemistry; Environmental science; Mathematics; Physics; Waste management; Engineering; Environmental engineering; Wastewater","score_opus":0.011436510937157371,"score_gpt":0.20235926773275978,"score_spread":0.19092275679560242,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2104870547","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9779153,0.0016761158,0.016224053,0.0011790518,0.0017839938,0.00019185976,0.000013852032,0.000051018058,0.00096474105],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99887466,0.0000055160235,0.00083391304,0.00004085141,0.0001864833,0.0000016480844,0.0000017113091,0.00003348235,0.000021709857],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992066,0.00000460221,0.00029778658,0.000058331905,0.00008595695,0.00034674496],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999431,0.00014806725,0.00001900567,0.00007265081,0.00009772969,0.00023156215],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019747976,0.000110665314,0.00016122336,0.00018158078,0.00003260827,0.000072606126,0.00015518199,0.00007962933,0.00005334692],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00045608048,0.00009974224,0.000067976216,0.00016941811,0.000024530707,0.00012811681,0.00000434756,0.0003285289,0.0000033820008],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007722182,0.000009330783,0.00007141563,0.00013944236,0.00006674841,0.000105341736,0.0012443454,0.64427626,0.34258336,0.0059176916,0.0036303578,0.0019480116],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002986117,0.000012588109,0.000024964991,0.000097836135,0.000012108725,0.000074109594,0.000017059067,0.9880382,0.010377793,0.00022881798,0.0006848276,0.00013307994],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008527803,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00015760446,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.34376198,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00028595433,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003240325,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.40673703},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2105107744","doi":"10.1155/2012/945314","title":"Characterization of Minimum Impeller Speed for Suspension of Solids in Liquid at High Solid Concentration, Using Gamma-Ray Densitometry","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":38,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Impeller; Algorithm; Computer science; Materials science; Physics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.008073839398533733,"score_gpt":0.23479712160091143,"score_spread":0.2267232822023777,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2105107744","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9229442,0.00011099147,0.07559119,0.00001914431,0.0012416482,0.00006295328,0.000012837313,0.000009165304,0.000007869941],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99468994,0.000039117283,0.0047959597,0.0000071706377,0.00041240707,6.249525e-7,0.000024278348,0.000027193772,0.000003286818],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988417,0.000004864192,0.00066081993,0.00005932007,0.00025283257,0.00018043283],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99931496,0.00007213371,0.00018615957,0.00005780938,0.00030067912,0.00006825732],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001860246,0.00011461757,0.00026451782,0.00020939755,0.0000051373745,0.000008032734,0.00013978666,0.000087780856,0.000015050985],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000107017804,0.000120560006,0.000097069766,0.00010902408,0.000014970484,0.00024623473,0.000034605364,0.000109653694,3.6273474e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000985572,0.000028944154,0.0004214267,0.000061887156,0.00006987445,0.000002221498,0.00015243387,0.078430824,0.92052174,0.00011831696,0.00000776198,0.00008602024],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00047946707,0.00001785747,0.0003996625,0.00016978478,0.000013100322,0.000032283548,0.00000453706,0.3165039,0.68225586,0.000006045524,0.000040955714,0.00007651084],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000023945956,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.5587486e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.23826584,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022099372,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001846657,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.49162945},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2105281536","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450790503","title":"Survey of heat transfer mechanisms in a slurry bubble column","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":47,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Distributor; Slurry; Heat transfer; Materials science; Bubble; Heat flux; Thermodynamics; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chemistry; Mechanics; Composite material; Chromatography","score_opus":0.007907572837108204,"score_gpt":0.16851751488751754,"score_spread":0.16060994205040935,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2105281536","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.988127,0.0006666963,0.010687645,0.000056947432,0.00023959875,0.000050113602,0.000010541421,0.000010578737,0.00015088882],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99966484,0.00001512128,0.00023398023,0.000015617918,0.00003328856,0.0000012123761,0.000001852478,0.00002802856,0.000006034084],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992049,0.000010165327,0.00034342188,0.000050142717,0.00011257151,0.00027881176],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99953467,0.00007150927,0.000008223966,0.000102453625,0.00005940503,0.00022375729],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00043487275,0.00010560549,0.0002325496,0.00015657689,0.000016490192,0.000018799752,0.00022032525,0.000075643766,0.000027741062],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007058756,0.00009524792,0.000059981885,0.00029722197,0.00002056076,0.00006228928,0.0000045861125,0.00032183458,9.066968e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009303792,0.0000058398427,0.00056347676,0.000046326186,0.000046558365,0.00007822655,0.00033221376,0.69567263,0.30200016,0.0008468381,0.00007809337,0.00032034112],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007831282,0.00004199481,0.004262778,0.000293146,0.000024547355,0.0002512278,0.000019208075,0.92194545,0.07141657,0.00024524573,0.00039557257,0.0003211154],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006738667,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0116638765,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2305836,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017990758,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013359761,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99987555},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2105605077","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450820219","title":"A General Correlation for the Rise Velocity of Single Gas Bubbles","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":49,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Newtonian fluid; Bubble; Mechanics; Reynolds number; Non-Newtonian fluid; Physics; Terminal velocity; Extension (predicate logic); Gas bubble; Mathematics; Classical mechanics; Computer science","score_opus":0.006798042159367747,"score_gpt":0.16730839789667057,"score_spread":0.16051035573730282,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2105605077","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8703197,0.0019176675,0.1267161,0.00037134322,0.00048774233,0.00009738002,0.000011261534,0.000014848384,0.00006394796],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99597967,0.000007939439,0.003782531,0.000011161883,0.00018965031,0.0000021634291,9.616853e-7,0.000020747768,0.0000051531442],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994795,0.0000023276114,0.00022062231,0.00003511057,0.000081669255,0.00018077016],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995988,0.00008273157,0.000042027437,0.00008828856,0.00006720879,0.000120963676],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017756179,0.00008099928,0.0001188755,0.00005666875,0.00004251323,0.000023166722,0.00018216115,0.000049442267,0.0000036373597],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010577534,0.00005633562,0.00008832505,0.000095870855,0.00003401451,0.000051857252,0.0000050292947,0.00017684196,3.8497635e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000026227256,0.000001794891,0.0000074264367,0.00001928231,0.000033738917,0.0000018509373,0.00019838434,0.8759669,0.12122026,0.0016225295,0.0000645073,0.00086067256],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003961219,0.000023038368,0.0000686591,0.00009324774,0.000046365025,0.0000650711,0.0000122743295,0.91817576,0.078875296,0.00078893837,0.0013472042,0.00010801957],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004417336,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002786213,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12566,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022461782,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010520793,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.22972998},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2106344959","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22329","title":"Effect of interphase mass transfer on the coalescence of two bubbles under constant approach velocity","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Coalescence (physics); Interphase; Mass transfer; Constant (computer programming); Mechanics; Materials science; Thermodynamics; Physics; Computer science; Biology; Astrobiology","score_opus":0.010928742633878939,"score_gpt":0.19636407248907384,"score_spread":0.1854353298551949,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2106344959","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9550891,0.0003797288,0.043752927,0.00007351636,0.00017379256,0.00008724443,0.0000133669455,0.000009264818,0.0004210808],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99954754,0.000002972799,0.0003647691,0.0000151849035,0.000044600616,0.0000015294098,7.947632e-7,0.000020560467,0.000002073074],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99927515,0.000024061064,0.00028639968,0.000051315797,0.00016595842,0.00019714066],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993228,0.00020981045,0.000031021063,0.00013887459,0.00006704166,0.00023049716],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006328625,0.000128239,0.00024631122,0.00007916162,0.000015965887,0.000014972045,0.00029765588,0.00004865056,0.0000047324993],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010891444,0.00007828773,0.000095035284,0.00012679173,0.000101579535,0.000037539387,0.000005865249,0.00035324832,4.3042456e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000036839803,0.0000065543027,0.00004144743,0.00014245266,0.000115940486,0.00001182568,0.0004883752,0.7068432,0.28435752,0.0074148504,0.00010235112,0.00043865023],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007191987,0.000105034116,0.00000755009,0.00029968502,0.00005355069,0.00006847957,0.00004485437,0.57138634,0.426992,0.00014943926,0.000038258455,0.00013561292],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002033629,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000036699774,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.14263448,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001622657,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012906414,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3192481},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2106697474","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450800301","title":"Flow regimes in a turbulent bed contactor","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Turbulence; Contactor; Mechanics; Weir; Flow (mathematics); Fluidized bed; Volumetric flow rate; Materials science; Thermodynamics; Physics; Geography","score_opus":0.006169154942518443,"score_gpt":0.15262434811434536,"score_spread":0.14645519317182693,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2106697474","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9940445,0.003721766,0.00054137356,0.0006654873,0.0004112115,0.000062652536,0.0000034309649,0.000029033878,0.0005205741],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99924344,0.000015241822,0.0005128821,0.000040021685,0.00013787343,0.0000014030061,5.123336e-7,0.000025435833,0.000023217373],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993394,0.0000040928844,0.00024105325,0.000046729852,0.0000920217,0.00027669777],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99955523,0.0000428516,0.000021240705,0.00010101131,0.000025879948,0.00025378104],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011440496,0.000106401276,0.00016131344,0.00013836849,0.000016375221,0.000036974634,0.00020230655,0.000061404106,0.000062347484],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006193622,0.00008742539,0.00006554642,0.00013576524,0.000016000711,0.00006827672,0.000004522372,0.00037807008,0.000005372564],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000037762884,0.000007841859,0.00011926372,0.00006093952,0.00008571534,0.00038922226,0.0014978322,0.9077019,0.08264053,0.00094354094,0.0034887304,0.0030607006],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00028067612,0.0000087353765,0.000051748048,0.00011371506,0.000008930527,0.0001867809,0.000005629421,0.98725635,0.008929351,0.000049742557,0.0029738743,0.00013448476],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00018233122,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00025472636,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07955442,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002769414,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000031495783,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3565104},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2106721580","doi":"10.1016/s1385-8947(03)00152-9","title":"Mass transfer enhancement at vibrating electrodes","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Journal","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick; Dalhousie University","funders":"","keywords":"Mass transfer; Electrode; Amplitude; Vibration; Range (aeronautics); Mechanics; Boundary layer; Steady state (chemistry); Limiting current; Materials science; Current (fluid); Limiting; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chemistry; Acoustics; Optics; Thermodynamics; Electrochemistry; Physics; Composite material; Chromatography","score_opus":0.0030077217160531765,"score_gpt":0.1576190421377022,"score_spread":0.15461132042164902,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2106721580","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.33549866,0.00078188087,0.6612119,0.000010968038,0.0003506353,0.000036837086,8.4560367e-7,0.00013014494,0.0019781534],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9676295,0.000115937844,0.0319035,0.00001904688,0.00015876074,0.000007046999,0.0000026277485,0.000059822305,0.000103736886],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990341,0.000005431152,0.00026166515,0.00011410013,0.00015603573,0.00042868627],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996751,0.00003041838,0.000009050283,0.000097667624,0.000021677839,0.00016610358],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013983093,0.00018236139,0.000163366,0.00005939209,0.00005637579,0.000054701384,0.00010523839,0.00007851292,0.00014306538],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000040378814,0.00018403465,0.00009259644,0.00010751106,0.000008725598,0.00009217301,0.0000072929793,0.00039520257,0.000015356007],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000016083955,0.00000545333,0.000011413261,0.000031541214,0.00003294197,0.000009599885,0.000042516753,0.083144516,0.91519547,0.001084437,0.00015692844,0.00028356846],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00024136243,0.000011439497,0.000003490991,0.000041556268,0.000010361891,0.00014897197,0.0000038180656,0.19455303,0.8024197,0.00008063021,0.002276891,0.00020874725],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":1.4096346e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.8406908e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.63213086,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024798812,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012406394,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.75047153},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2107070838","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20563","title":"Quantitative characterisation of mixing in stirred tank reactors with mean age distribution","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Impeller; Continuous stirred-tank reactor; Mixing (physics); Computational fluid dynamics; Scalar (mathematics); Mechanics; TRACER; Materials science; Mathematics; Fraction (chemistry); Engineering; Chemistry; Chromatography; Physics; Geometry","score_opus":0.013115560568059443,"score_gpt":0.17260881019035687,"score_spread":0.15949324962229744,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2107070838","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99441236,0.000104255414,0.0052006836,0.000022330953,0.00011635954,0.00004553031,0.000012162171,0.0000097084485,0.00007662006],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989387,0.000003334843,0.0009991993,0.0000025644922,0.000026371346,0.000001126651,0.000008598108,0.000018609373,0.0000015057774],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994011,0.0000068600484,0.00027322402,0.000046031808,0.000091010836,0.00018175185],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996398,0.00003746729,0.00006572038,0.00007726521,0.000052180272,0.00012753379],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019194327,0.000095410374,0.00016687889,0.000112253954,0.000013380551,0.000012800389,0.00012880695,0.00004774391,0.000006487114],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000061366714,0.00007539188,0.000037031914,0.00017643694,0.00003294644,0.00011833425,0.0000039851743,0.00024689033,3.58636e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006431163,0.000014943357,0.0016545752,0.0001394859,0.00014674792,0.00018024298,0.008385619,0.054466113,0.9289705,0.005099342,0.000038888,0.0008392005],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015253813,0.00027459773,0.035945922,0.0017322558,0.00012419709,0.0002490909,0.00046203381,0.46863583,0.48941046,0.00048476504,0.0003305589,0.0008249029],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008844201,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011958567,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.43956006,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022314602,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000063116895,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.30743915},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2107082464","doi":"10.1680/jees.2013.0002","title":"Effect of orifice diameter, depth of air injection, and air flow rate on oxygen transfer in a pilot-scale, full lift, hypolimnetic aerator","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Engineering and Science","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Aeration; Diffuser (optics); Hypolimnion; Environmental science; Oxygen; Lift (data mining); Body orifice; Environmental engineering; Hydrology (agriculture); Chemistry; Geotechnical engineering; Geology; Eutrophication; Engineering; Optics; Physics","score_opus":0.002265250978478523,"score_gpt":0.1587074869616011,"score_spread":0.1564422359831226,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2107082464","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99641496,0.000439817,0.0028630446,0.0000053820004,0.00014567284,0.00009229783,0.000004029972,0.0000065487698,0.000028254643],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987765,0.00022542544,0.0009535233,0.000006238155,0.000018173128,0.0000029080022,1.709846e-7,0.000012516883,0.0000045713477],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99927723,0.000015362575,0.00027842386,0.00010482329,0.00016459308,0.0001595444],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997084,0.00008052738,0.000029004617,0.00007591604,0.000006542706,0.00009961929],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004221143,0.00012049581,0.00021410364,0.0002234396,0.000023941262,0.000011515584,0.00009156063,0.000029314466,0.0000046381983],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000020258914,0.00010095939,0.000031545285,0.00015217708,0.00009449395,0.00020710648,0.00001589713,0.00014555096,6.599e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018676024,0.000017470711,0.001330342,0.00006966456,0.00000724212,0.0000017524212,0.00016129347,0.32225108,0.6734416,0.000003838803,0.0000015675103,0.0026954701],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000938385,0.002104914,0.23176382,0.00020143753,0.000017999184,0.000072039715,0.000039030452,0.6852255,0.07944446,0.000005435537,0.000014950298,0.00017202599],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000010973786,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000028493077,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5939971,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000529144,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000065670292,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.41170046},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2108131506","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450810343","title":"Intensification of Slurry Bubble Columns by Vibration Excitement","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Slurry; Turbulence; Mechanics; Vibration; Range (aeronautics); Mass transfer; Flow (mathematics); Materials science; Acoustics; Physics; Composite material","score_opus":0.004495246521524926,"score_gpt":0.15422816597659278,"score_spread":0.14973291945506786,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2108131506","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96166027,0.0016879286,0.03533779,0.00015277998,0.0004924558,0.0000852627,0.000009259645,0.000019195715,0.00055508997],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99907935,0.0000075958847,0.0008201722,0.000020117175,0.000034920424,0.0000014589922,0.0000027400365,0.00001767855,0.00001597871],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999438,0.0000056718177,0.00027002062,0.000038507966,0.00009435143,0.00015344679],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995948,0.000029001387,0.000045599932,0.000092291935,0.00008367409,0.00015462837],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018578825,0.00007439768,0.000117295785,0.00007153108,0.000024003086,0.000022732982,0.000114616916,0.000046623027,0.000019599576],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010072965,0.000067075525,0.000044837892,0.000120414115,0.000020016978,0.00007103175,0.0000024371452,0.0001686808,0.0000010347427],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000113837,0.000003016527,0.000038132264,0.00003353809,0.000036920137,0.0000022420165,0.0002256146,0.12547946,0.8694138,0.0026639502,0.0018829836,0.00021920126],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003540365,0.00002974229,0.00008934712,0.00013726973,0.000038139508,0.00007865475,0.000057632886,0.37909934,0.60856354,0.00024524156,0.011079746,0.00022731218],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00016987146,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007185194,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.26085028,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016630135,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008181604,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.27352607},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2109095024","doi":"10.1002/cjce.21669","title":"Study on flow fields in a bioreactor with perforated blades","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Turbulence; Particle image velocimetry; Mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Fluid dynamics; Computational fluid dynamics; Impeller; Anisotropy; Mechanical engineering; Materials science; Physics; Engineering; Optics","score_opus":0.007980306580812419,"score_gpt":0.1746300138927965,"score_spread":0.16664970731198409,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2109095024","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9991105,0.00018700247,0.00025793517,0.000056225268,0.00017742896,0.000059344344,0.0000016206127,0.000013019256,0.00013689791],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999655,9.609341e-7,0.00018439115,0.000016294836,0.00011386333,0.0000021782773,5.266673e-7,0.000023694285,0.0000030541914],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99942046,0.000005205115,0.00016043954,0.0000367271,0.00009325356,0.00028393161],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995843,0.000040613315,0.000016545699,0.0000906193,0.000021824777,0.00024609384],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017333312,0.00010493472,0.00013367842,0.00013982458,0.000017050932,0.000026743592,0.00013539604,0.00004877358,0.000009593214],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000035717676,0.00007157624,0.000026707063,0.00017093538,0.000011988087,0.00007999266,0.0000037897519,0.00041268815,0.0000016176614],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000021173802,0.000043973978,0.011409747,0.000031156218,0.00013566155,0.00014321641,0.0044885906,0.9508717,0.03170412,0.00020189706,0.0001764859,0.00077229046],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0026208272,0.00048367566,0.028636348,0.00066146837,0.00011418532,0.0005226048,0.00061576656,0.9042084,0.06012817,0.00003531839,0.0009725963,0.0010006302],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00021055066,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005509486,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.046663277,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016910344,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000053342443,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.29187945},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2109519919","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20307","title":"Gas–liquid interfacial area in the oxygen absorption to oil‐in‐water emulsions in an airlift reactor","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Airlift; Ricinoleic acid; Yarrowia; Bioreactor; Liquid medium; Biotransformation; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Aroma; Absorption (acoustics); Chromatography; Liquid phase; Materials science; Organic chemistry; Yeast; Castor oil; Thermodynamics; Food science; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.0068058904928636876,"score_gpt":0.18790874849437375,"score_spread":0.18110285800151008,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2109519919","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99861443,0.000032135293,0.00012731361,0.00067370466,0.00037608447,0.000050346032,0.0000033300573,0.000009655551,0.000113014234],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99955,0.000002292057,0.00015643264,0.00007391558,0.00018202659,0.0000054910934,0.0000026273442,0.000024861416,0.0000023953685],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991176,0.0000111281415,0.0003235103,0.00007637959,0.000107737076,0.0003636153],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995255,0.000040489784,0.000015597698,0.00016051979,0.000025074285,0.00023281142],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00042253349,0.0001245929,0.00015577425,0.00030841364,0.000016704675,0.000052080813,0.0003851162,0.000093656316,0.00002615108],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008784951,0.00008290139,0.000044406726,0.00018406662,0.00001605397,0.00012824002,0.000012897371,0.000875072,0.000004318422],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011076436,0.000005934635,0.00013173172,0.000009179832,0.0000042840625,0.00005076564,0.0026059363,0.10050415,0.89600515,0.000115745366,0.000030852032,0.00052516477],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0017314241,0.00019016924,0.0063539078,0.0007786434,0.000030883915,0.00051931833,0.0004322797,0.72155035,0.25954133,0.00033618565,0.0074181035,0.0011174204],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010895598,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.032234922,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6364638,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020236493,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000047649646,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9854243},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2110003452","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450800414","title":"On the Applicability of the Grace Curve in Practical Mixing Operations","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Breakup; Capillary action; Mechanics; Mixing (physics); Flow (mathematics); Homogeneous; Viscosity; Aspect ratio (aeronautics); Shear rate; Capillary number; Mixing ratio; Volumetric flow rate; Function (biology); Thermodynamics; Materials science; Physics; Composite material","score_opus":0.010619446879027607,"score_gpt":0.19061515977747107,"score_spread":0.17999571289844346,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2110003452","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99499464,0.0002184641,0.0013539765,0.0027156929,0.00019245685,0.00011007394,0.000004363323,0.000007848333,0.0004024819],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999598,0.0000038499124,0.00026126095,0.000058164318,0.00005130376,0.000003886915,1.5840797e-7,0.00001585494,0.0000074895142],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993089,0.000020128211,0.00028099108,0.00005253198,0.00013487869,0.00020258906],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992983,0.00031156073,0.000027426484,0.00021133709,0.00003915941,0.00011222655],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00037517803,0.00009303083,0.0001286335,0.00005141981,0.000052761443,0.00003188005,0.00029323014,0.000053058782,0.00003637285],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005543981,0.00005228188,0.00008017392,0.0002285284,0.000057544115,0.000055989785,0.000013344054,0.00064814504,0.0000019387398],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000017835301,0.000011426042,0.00016034026,0.000022551952,0.000030020537,0.00000744579,0.00065031473,0.9316131,0.04779154,0.019071931,0.00046803663,0.00017148993],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001404727,0.000009225265,0.00040923792,0.00010937836,0.000013979185,0.00006549129,0.000028741078,0.98073,0.017681124,0.00035383104,0.00035580219,0.000102723134],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00028759427,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00075874483,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.049116876,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019131807,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000059669896,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.28159037},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2110244476","doi":"10.1002/aic.10380","title":"New description of fluidization regimes","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AIChE Journal","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":42,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Fluidization; Turbulence; Bubble; Mechanics; Pressure drop; Thermodynamics; Physics; Fluidized bed","score_opus":0.008337654336908747,"score_gpt":0.19148111003676735,"score_spread":0.1831434556998586,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2110244476","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.36274663,0.0021046724,0.62813485,0.00020195948,0.00044053237,0.000030448919,6.049078e-7,0.000056116605,0.0062841843],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97533107,0.0005499955,0.022736993,0.00002456184,0.00041026578,1.8982777e-7,0.000001310936,0.000013365288,0.0009322435],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996585,0.0000057039147,0.00014760178,0.000028538807,0.00007758465,0.00008203343],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998395,0.0000056433682,0.000025588444,0.000050899205,0.000030674026,0.00004772968],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000096315016,0.000044353186,0.00005933277,0.000058679903,0.000023325865,0.000021901229,0.000049452803,0.000032097236,0.00007222712],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000011393622,0.0000425407,0.00003009244,0.00006716822,0.0000034406485,0.00019388465,0.0000050020285,0.00009095033,0.000012378218],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000875564,0.000016002441,0.0012089395,0.00002677451,0.000064701395,0.000003450753,0.0008803178,0.21898063,0.54532856,0.0032167675,0.08911716,0.14114794],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011222253,0.000083239094,0.008561987,0.00017501978,0.00006475221,0.00031437405,0.00012994032,0.83523345,0.06843809,0.0024055385,0.08312731,0.00034407992],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004284372,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000058328646,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.61625284,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004273712,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000017629689,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.17347595},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2111096041","doi":"10.1051/epjconf/20135001006","title":"Using a tracer technique to identify the extent of non-ideal flows in the continuous mixing of non-Newtonian fluids","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"EPJ Web of Conferences","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Mixing (physics); Mechanics; TRACER; Newtonian fluid; Flow (mathematics); Mixing patterns; Computer science; Simulation; Mechanical engineering; Environmental science; Process engineering; Materials science; Chemistry; Engineering; Physics; Nuclear physics","score_opus":0.015799801365152456,"score_gpt":0.2685543009928461,"score_spread":0.25275449962769364,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2111096041","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9457977,0.00018504802,0.049122006,0.00010511932,0.00015317793,0.000662919,0.000008268037,0.00001559301,0.0039502108],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99296194,0.00003938535,0.006849674,0.000018989364,0.00002969459,0.000065829845,0.0000012248638,0.000015309923,0.000017933407],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988466,0.000043752905,0.0005191066,0.00013105938,0.00023541506,0.00022406242],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993484,0.00012928258,0.00008744638,0.00028274485,0.0001185902,0.00003353436],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005621737,0.00015106963,0.00033775935,0.00015706736,0.000033328284,0.000040705392,0.00044793024,0.00007885192,0.00006188297],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000034207224,0.00009846147,0.000088407156,0.00025652416,0.000076160046,0.00011623892,0.000053460546,0.00016206612,0.0000028577567],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004554968,0.000027205857,0.0027080965,0.00010693675,0.00002968354,0.0000016049056,0.0019611705,0.0050954097,0.9860499,0.0006708051,0.0000976283,0.003246988],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003690538,0.00013012013,0.050719023,0.0007898141,0.000038816393,0.000009184317,0.0027504163,0.85384333,0.09007575,0.0006561105,0.00035152026,0.00026684307],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0018484981,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00047248878,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.89597416,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000018167495,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012723952,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4015142},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2111148793","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20548","title":"Solid suspension in stirred tanks: UVP measurements and CFD simulations","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, India","keywords":"Computational fluid dynamics; Suspension (topology); Drag; Slurry; Work (physics); Mechanics; Materials science; Mechanical engineering; Process engineering; Engineering; Physics; Composite material; Mathematics","score_opus":0.023922317883920154,"score_gpt":0.20273529889757216,"score_spread":0.178812981013652,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2111148793","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99819106,0.00044152752,0.0008095506,0.000044852542,0.00026143916,0.0000455928,0.0000025398394,0.000012275427,0.00019117708],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992172,0.0000038097517,0.0006960797,0.000012373243,0.00004537773,5.1572147e-7,6.981951e-7,0.000019397077,0.000004558155],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994395,0.000004487678,0.00021984718,0.000045643563,0.00008594801,0.00020457043],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996264,0.000027067383,0.000021429656,0.00007570992,0.00004079569,0.0002086213],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015531814,0.000087824854,0.00012478257,0.00013843433,0.000023763598,0.000021603082,0.00011262516,0.000050035287,0.000019427604],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008030856,0.000075663986,0.000027059106,0.00011031236,0.000018848476,0.000083525214,0.000007495782,0.00023698679,9.187809e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000058679448,0.0000056039653,0.0013740326,0.000035114652,0.00005691606,0.000053790747,0.0013073242,0.5760288,0.42011678,0.00021409309,0.00012243584,0.0006792374],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00052139896,0.000018174516,0.0027446877,0.00022853266,0.000029193012,0.000102819715,0.000020819029,0.9384448,0.057052042,0.0003866513,0.00021085287,0.00024002479],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00045901016,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013474534,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.36306474,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014924926,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000052003183,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.30854878},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2111650206","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450800406","title":"Flow Generated by an Aerated Rushton Impeller: Two‐phase PIV Experiments and Numerical Simulations","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":111,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Impeller; Rushton turbine; Mechanics; Turbulence; Vortex; Flow (mathematics); Jet (fluid); Mean flow; Physics; Materials science; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.009557823956938641,"score_gpt":0.20783996651901823,"score_spread":0.1982821425620796,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2111650206","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98895127,0.0018343762,0.008705164,0.00008771782,0.00024327415,0.00005718853,0.000028015016,0.00003846962,0.000054512573],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99874103,0.000008956551,0.0009988147,0.000039946364,0.0001391393,0.0000013469502,0.0000129658765,0.000041775515,0.00001604735],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992233,0.000009940818,0.000276182,0.00008434804,0.00010619232,0.00030005185],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992219,0.000028837887,0.000028436734,0.00011776518,0.000050382932,0.00055266666],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000074320466,0.00015675015,0.00017772686,0.00009536125,0.00007322085,0.00009283199,0.00015249076,0.000068632755,0.00011580036],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000034001936,0.00013736139,0.000039322043,0.00017476862,0.000026308315,0.00014595737,0.000007271489,0.00030642,0.0000025574525],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000018128663,0.000008381505,0.000008307586,0.0000041831818,0.0000341253,0.000015402926,0.00025795994,0.53503126,0.4630216,0.000024540514,0.0007678814,0.00082454237],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006194552,0.000024845876,0.0000024844853,0.000018491393,0.000015376017,0.00006694311,0.00000517155,0.9382638,0.059938747,0.000007715368,0.0008880383,0.00014893264],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00021155251,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003329818,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.40323254,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015545411,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000027964312,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.56014353},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2111915449","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450820210","title":"Some Characteristics of Stirred Vessel Flows of Dilute Polymer Solutions Powered by a Hyperboloid Impeller","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Hyperboloid; Impeller; Agitator; Xanthan gum; Mechanics; Viscoelasticity; Shear thinning; Newtonian fluid; Reynolds number; Non-Newtonian fluid; Turbulence; Guar gum; Weissenberg number; Elasticity (physics); Viscosity; Materials science; Rheology; Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Physics; Optics","score_opus":0.004486477211057402,"score_gpt":0.15783266031247017,"score_spread":0.15334618310141276,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2111915449","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99272275,0.0035562573,0.0027168195,0.00027972175,0.00052144885,0.000053524218,0.00010132234,0.000015885615,0.000032291802],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992291,0.000046836816,0.0005223862,0.000014849849,0.00013207736,0.0000010628866,0.000005940062,0.000036691144,0.000011101734],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99901503,0.0000042085917,0.00046213757,0.00005882458,0.00013660704,0.0003232111],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99937534,0.000034577413,0.00008658869,0.00015239886,0.000073249146,0.00027781964],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012822036,0.0001429539,0.0002999981,0.00013073378,0.000028605093,0.000014925721,0.00026609155,0.0000893203,0.0000122134525],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006642566,0.00012625156,0.000118980046,0.0001479926,0.000052775595,0.00009072228,0.000014239761,0.00030616618,0.0000012380314],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004182031,0.0000074333866,0.000008615328,0.000047656198,0.00008631304,0.000007804845,0.00019340431,0.031989414,0.96653193,0.00074802956,0.00023157467,0.00014361402],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0016122418,0.000085313266,0.000429097,0.0006197681,0.00017600185,0.00023904856,0.000040485083,0.14646596,0.847755,0.00048440718,0.0014924043,0.0006002347],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00050002435,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000035868325,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.118776925,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017862923,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00019371562,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.51483893},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2112610262","doi":"10.1002/cjce.21811","title":"Numerical study of counter‐current gas–solid flow in FCC disengager and stripper","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Residence time distribution; Residence time (fluid dynamics); Mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Inert gas; Materials science; Current (fluid); Two-phase flow; Void (composites); Thermodynamics; Composite material; Engineering; Physics; Geotechnical engineering","score_opus":0.005094948041920683,"score_gpt":0.18218202441296463,"score_spread":0.17708707637104396,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2112610262","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9982084,0.00084301905,0.0005101088,0.000056089353,0.00024320127,0.0001010885,0.0000028457919,0.0000078149005,0.000027457816],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997548,0.000009647113,0.00012520926,0.000006483785,0.00007557324,0.0000038221474,5.27944e-7,0.000022561017,0.0000014180882],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992297,0.000010319818,0.00033617977,0.00006107262,0.000119057404,0.00024366875],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99949986,0.000061415325,0.000031501906,0.000101311074,0.000046786263,0.00025914964],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016024783,0.00011877287,0.00022745195,0.000133786,0.000018456301,0.00003675809,0.00016198869,0.00003928698,0.000023304005],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006568198,0.00009358381,0.00003879024,0.00013308214,0.00002180266,0.000093913266,0.00001113965,0.00047071278,0.0000012520122],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005735971,0.00004387165,0.0028806978,0.00012141981,0.000097779666,0.000039855175,0.00308016,0.93562996,0.050890103,0.00006870522,0.00034240758,0.0067992946],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005163112,0.000042303032,0.002822662,0.00015067703,0.000019257914,0.000046834204,0.000094022114,0.9935637,0.0024114628,0.000041081625,0.0001313842,0.00016027637],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008068364,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00017731382,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.057933755,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001349059,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004882492,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.38162372},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2113882825","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450850603","title":"LDA Velocity Measurements of High‐Viscosity Fluids in Mixing Vessel with Vane Geometry Impeller","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Ministrstvo za Izobraževanje, Znanost in Šport","keywords":"Impeller; Mixing (physics); Mechanics; Viscosity; Non-Newtonian fluid; Vector field; Newtonian fluid; Flow visualization; Rotor (electric); Agitator; Rheology; Materials science; Shear thinning; Flow (mathematics); Physics; Geometry; Thermodynamics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.007528183582365035,"score_gpt":0.17539780299354985,"score_spread":0.1678696194111848,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2113882825","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98657596,0.0005214566,0.012375618,0.00003624562,0.00027203816,0.00005463155,0.0000031691065,0.0000127439525,0.0001481126],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99693704,0.000003760713,0.0029129249,0.000013626853,0.000092942086,5.220957e-7,0.0000012794605,0.000033728287,0.0000041542685],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988456,0.0000060298107,0.00041505173,0.000076323166,0.00024685392,0.00041013965],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993467,0.00006257435,0.000056706194,0.00014168648,0.00009402454,0.00029832922],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00073626125,0.00015570357,0.0002741598,0.00030309023,0.000027079026,0.000021448937,0.00027426166,0.00008779846,0.000011811944],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008215993,0.0001268841,0.00005820308,0.0003999613,0.00003970746,0.00009913846,0.000012456867,0.0004786875,7.5974674e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000028282142,0.000012999026,0.003343714,0.0001508029,0.00015879193,0.000105377134,0.00043430526,0.36791295,0.6262879,0.00023016776,0.000126631,0.0012080935],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0016674459,0.00007516809,0.015465789,0.00083987793,0.00008003975,0.0002574502,0.000051869585,0.09151608,0.8890941,0.000098483615,0.00025617806,0.0005974927],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0015666182,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011709149,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.27639687,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00043196222,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012554725,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5174183},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2114223175","doi":"10.1007/bf02699118","title":"Hydrodynamic transition from fixed to fully fluidized beds for three-phase inverse fluidization","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":37,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Fluidization; Mechanics; Fluidized bed; Phase (matter); Hysteresis; Materials science; Inverse; SPHERES; Phase transition; Three-phase; Thermodynamics; Chromatography; Chemistry; Physics; Geometry; Mathematics; Condensed matter physics","score_opus":0.004719807519699751,"score_gpt":0.19453639857921537,"score_spread":0.18981659105951562,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2114223175","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6390011,0.000112701186,0.36037123,0.000059585695,0.00018797797,0.000118404016,0.00003772826,0.000083043524,0.000028270973],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97147524,0.000030209507,0.027858743,0.000043716132,0.0004169608,0.000010296911,0.00008074336,0.000078610545,0.0000054628326],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988379,0.000005319116,0.0005390183,0.00014057406,0.00018955195,0.00028762026],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99943346,0.0000725271,0.000036810532,0.00014009858,0.00007725214,0.00023986053],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015297098,0.00021989648,0.0003369172,0.00015706467,0.000022891749,0.000038782237,0.00018271898,0.00011680544,0.00008147997],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000053873926,0.00023321492,0.0001867842,0.00020613073,0.000010348119,0.00021416749,0.000007533343,0.00020597425,0.00000793144],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008227754,0.000020830326,7.556523e-7,0.000031839678,0.00005659637,0.000008145022,0.00021501734,0.33333915,0.6575311,0.000024198225,0.00024293014,0.00844719],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0018087805,0.00007834265,0.000004398307,0.00013706759,0.00006136496,0.000021352056,0.0000071034415,0.85176104,0.14511198,0.00013267707,0.00065029535,0.00022560667],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000042893225,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000015534868,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5184219,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014701248,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000018652323,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9510228},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2114337324","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450830406","title":"The Impact of Local Phenomena on Mass Transfer in Gas‐Liquid Systems","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Strouhal number; Mass transfer; Wake; Bubble; Mechanics; Swarm behaviour; Vortex shedding; Viscosity; Ellipsoid; Convection; Physics; Materials science; Thermodynamics; Mathematics; Reynolds number","score_opus":0.003919887293868824,"score_gpt":0.17032978509738522,"score_spread":0.1664098978035164,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2114337324","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9915564,0.0015528963,0.0060777143,0.00012941426,0.0002020242,0.0000679156,0.000007407232,0.000010421794,0.0003957801],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996917,0.000019490535,0.000031490552,0.0000059086515,0.00021581372,0.0000019248967,4.796659e-7,0.000028816097,0.0000043287346],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99913216,0.000009042111,0.00035849618,0.00004683369,0.00012308429,0.00033036762],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994922,0.000098447315,0.000020615975,0.00012847061,0.000034169843,0.00022608938],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00030913338,0.0001285372,0.00019565482,0.00012086432,0.000026503096,0.00003162034,0.00027178114,0.000060514063,0.000006072249],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002289268,0.00008024527,0.00011646852,0.00014590293,0.000038859096,0.00005425047,0.0000029439075,0.00042684,0.0000015652416],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013236986,0.0000026348628,0.0000049970786,0.000015020675,0.00004496831,0.000008337358,0.0001655063,0.92846274,0.069698386,0.0008669089,0.000048389018,0.000668862],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00041504946,0.000077106626,0.00003263605,0.00019545424,0.000011631011,0.000059970087,0.00003599667,0.9686073,0.029842634,0.000016174308,0.0005603808,0.000145664],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007572242,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00034007253,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.040144548,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006513551,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012125128,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.32723072},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2115675453","doi":"10.1088/1755-1315/12/1/012035","title":"Aspects concerning the quality of aeration for environmental friendly turbines","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Aeration; Environmentally friendly; Quality (philosophy); Environmental science; Biochemical engineering; Business; Engineering; Waste management; Ecology; Biology; Physics","score_opus":0.011502285279655222,"score_gpt":0.20832193515394717,"score_spread":0.19681964987429196,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2115675453","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9971194,0.00007872796,0.0008844102,0.00004840324,0.00023679843,0.00016589626,0.000062629544,0.00002098131,0.0013827357],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99873763,0.0001067108,0.0009686969,0.000016776932,0.000031888016,0.000012668185,0.000013913832,0.0000069291746,0.00010479313],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992509,0.000007746577,0.0001664458,0.00017990879,0.00018662307,0.00020838829],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99969345,0.00003752171,0.00004107475,0.00015352105,0.00000398863,0.00007044713],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025266444,0.00010771075,0.00010440762,0.000022928509,0.0002616254,0.00006740943,0.00015971092,0.00003539848,0.000075263764],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000020330353,0.00008445005,0.000025046107,0.00004545356,0.0009758518,0.00036768347,0.000058735488,0.0001056742,0.0000027449187],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000068726304,0.0000068641957,0.0009347823,0.000008422937,0.0000032848861,1.692028e-7,0.00037303232,0.0002928127,0.9839837,0.004353799,0.0000022073152,0.010034069],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00043353438,0.0001889078,0.18809949,0.000011994978,0.000011543124,0.000013349493,0.0026930457,0.053783707,0.75082827,0.0004585414,0.0031326683,0.00034495842],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000017418266,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00015785226,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.23315541,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000012465762,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016041915,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.35955667},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2117597680","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450790504","title":"Solid‐liquid mass transfer in a rotary drum","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Slurry; Baffle; Froude number; Mass transfer; Mass transfer coefficient; Drum; Dissolution; Rotational speed; TRACER; Materials science; Particle (ecology); Chemistry; Volume (thermodynamics); Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chromatography; Mechanics; Thermodynamics; Composite material; Flow (mathematics)","score_opus":0.004283671069944876,"score_gpt":0.1728032763372359,"score_spread":0.16851960526729104,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2117597680","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9913008,0.00075055077,0.006765759,0.00034919404,0.00032541482,0.000049491362,0.0000029673013,0.00002252636,0.00043327303],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994507,0.000021539701,0.00025921364,0.000048816768,0.00017116744,0.0000019745862,9.0850085e-7,0.000034927893,0.000010756067],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991706,0.0000049966075,0.00029297158,0.00005497391,0.00010286148,0.00037361108],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995319,0.000033182056,0.000009842071,0.00010375449,0.000026149823,0.0002951685],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001927947,0.0001250894,0.00018163296,0.00018044717,0.000020823023,0.000030098996,0.00024425596,0.00007748545,0.000035144963],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000029765895,0.000107494714,0.000080778605,0.00020701026,0.000020645342,0.000090620226,0.0000037318482,0.00047714516,0.0000033148194],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011303015,0.0000026540613,0.000091512506,0.00002602882,0.00003868646,0.000290333,0.00036201853,0.59852743,0.39976144,0.00046188524,0.00010836694,0.00031835644],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008816201,0.000055115717,0.00020618051,0.0003594516,0.000035652847,0.00079095236,0.000035600566,0.8765454,0.114378445,0.0002475143,0.005952142,0.00051191845],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00037663616,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00079448987,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.285383,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00025330574,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009656441,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4383507},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2118073439","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450830301","title":"Mixing of Shear-Thinning Fluids with Dual Off-Centred Impellers","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Impeller; Mixing (physics); Shear thinning; Shear (geology); Thinning; Materials science; Mechanics; Physics; Composite material; Rheology; Geography","score_opus":0.006520807806489101,"score_gpt":0.1517159264590406,"score_spread":0.14519511865255152,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2118073439","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99557483,0.001833064,0.0018638195,0.00008418057,0.00024052284,0.000048462243,0.000004428119,0.000027677985,0.00032300787],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9975071,0.000023309543,0.002243395,0.000016875305,0.00014448035,5.0677266e-7,0.0000014142149,0.000047423295,0.000015523552],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990018,0.000005911029,0.00035585155,0.0000698374,0.00019690691,0.00036969522],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993074,0.000063980915,0.00005318596,0.00014202399,0.000085135776,0.00034830504],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013242602,0.00016154053,0.00026297325,0.00016465562,0.00005869671,0.000020436943,0.0002201956,0.00007401188,0.000020000309],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005929135,0.00012641933,0.00009330073,0.0002220768,0.000079957696,0.00010481136,0.000010643609,0.0004307689,0.0000013593157],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011963773,0.0000040959767,0.00023691726,0.000061273364,0.0001576776,0.00023418697,0.0020325617,0.65201074,0.34406042,0.00027739024,0.00045954224,0.00045320997],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012096551,0.000084550855,0.0003832687,0.0006123901,0.000089063324,0.0027457483,0.00014222467,0.7464981,0.24576494,0.00003290342,0.0018780065,0.0005591193],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00030288583,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006019147,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.09829549,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019179659,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00023141,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5155231},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2118425605","doi":"10.3844/ajassp.2011.662.674","title":"Performance Evaluation of an Oxidation Ditch System with a Disc Aerator","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"American Journal of Applied Sciences","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Aeration; Oxidation ditch; Oxygenation; Oxygen; Chemistry; Materials science; Environmental engineering; Environmental science","score_opus":0.015113370803081744,"score_gpt":0.21516743677225433,"score_spread":0.20005406596917258,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2118425605","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98815465,0.000015321168,0.0037743833,0.000001804356,0.00006927852,0.000056043198,4.7677815e-7,0.000009036926,0.007918992],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9913429,0.000005637514,0.008611698,0.0000028337238,0.000027838567,0.0000029938922,2.6892724e-7,0.0000053137787,4.93506e-7],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992213,0.000013842492,0.00020047755,0.000063897765,0.00040561767,0.000094851144],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995832,0.000009413336,0.00018591093,0.00006600581,0.000110384266,0.000045125184],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00090923964,0.000058402027,0.00013074865,0.000100777186,0.000056505527,0.000015403117,0.00015647171,0.000008137704,0.000007202213],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000023969808,0.000039964703,0.000014233849,0.00032153522,0.000188038,0.00024407291,0.000005268048,0.000048627717,0.0000010005178],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017728418,0.000093232156,0.0060885735,0.00009283169,0.00010149147,0.0000024921267,0.01091463,0.51557785,0.1951716,0.006442194,0.000012659811,0.26532513],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00027813806,0.00086300203,0.012722316,0.00008585016,0.000049063467,0.000031396517,0.00799001,0.9615362,0.01628862,0.000028914183,0.0000037402826,0.0001227147],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000106820025,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006697595,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.44595838,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000040572093,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000068206995,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.16297133},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2118518178","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450790201","title":"The effect of impeller pumping and fluid rheology on solids suspension in a stirred vessel","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Impeller; Materials science; Suspension (topology); Slip factor; Slurry; Newtonian fluid; Mechanics; Viscosity; Rheology; Composite material; Physics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.0031736756032967784,"score_gpt":0.17413956921863213,"score_spread":0.17096589361533535,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2118518178","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9981199,0.0009243725,0.00026436703,0.00025591618,0.0002636877,0.000058248497,7.188103e-7,0.0000071396094,0.0001056802],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99978566,0.00006768281,0.00003180529,0.000011256123,0.00007003925,0.0000012528163,3.7835005e-7,0.000020296964,0.000011647128],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993248,0.000015312218,0.0002544482,0.00005324524,0.00008126559,0.00027091862],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99940497,0.00028732588,0.00003095502,0.00010570469,0.000021745489,0.00014930297],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003924744,0.000111572146,0.00019838469,0.00012248842,0.00003682232,0.00002272029,0.00016287532,0.00006736905,0.0000031677923],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016970305,0.00007235757,0.000046329995,0.00013236067,0.000049209426,0.00003793456,0.000011813365,0.00034765352,3.944003e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006301731,0.0000023484104,0.0007601539,0.00007052129,0.00008318052,0.00012201885,0.00036729843,0.36008912,0.634151,0.0010108833,0.0002364897,0.003044001],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009129793,0.00014981083,0.0007210811,0.00037507399,0.000030611336,0.00041848517,0.00001687286,0.86570996,0.13055456,0.00008741914,0.0008257029,0.00019742751],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00024548592,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00031777885,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.50562084,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000113783615,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000036487458,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2950656},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2119924957","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450850304","title":"Simulations of Bubble Column Reactors Using a Volume of Fluid Approach: Effect of Air Distributor","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Distributor; Bubble; Mechanics; Turbulence; Computational fluid dynamics; Volume (thermodynamics); Solver; Volume of fluid method; Fluent; Materials science; Surface tension; Constant (computer programming); Physics; Thermodynamics; Mathematics; Flow (mathematics); Computer science","score_opus":0.005491580238379907,"score_gpt":0.18358790388113255,"score_spread":0.17809632364275266,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2119924957","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9757957,0.00029876345,0.023541084,0.0000047483627,0.00015119018,0.000076646946,0.00004320832,0.000008602823,0.00008007456],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984763,0.0000010623934,0.0014114782,0.0000013542417,0.00007219004,3.064985e-7,0.0000048111106,0.000028329632,0.000004125429],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989956,0.00000843478,0.0005309403,0.000052508494,0.00015997395,0.00025256505],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992315,0.00017412989,0.00012172335,0.00014807786,0.0001073517,0.00021722699],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003695134,0.00012448306,0.000349049,0.00017804881,0.00001962596,0.000006384074,0.00020894501,0.00008916219,0.000008571411],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021365665,0.00010832187,0.00013707488,0.00028453872,0.00006005984,0.000066134504,0.000010996332,0.00023421897,1.1021136e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000063052953,0.0000032143118,0.00040192573,0.0001298464,0.00005162873,0.0000023615248,0.00008382306,0.5419255,0.457242,0.00006002656,0.000014829255,0.00007853746],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000281293,0.000040847328,0.00036024643,0.00016611035,0.00006917291,0.00003465413,0.000010313361,0.7022523,0.29656774,0.0000092737955,0.00010118862,0.00010681836],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007868544,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000085267944,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.16067427,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021817333,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000103032726,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.44172376},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2120964428","doi":"10.1007/s12206-010-0706-8","title":"An experimental study on characteristics of two-phase flows in vertical pipe","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Mechanics; Slug flow; Momentum (technical analysis); Pipe flow; Two-phase flow; Flow (mathematics); Flux (metallurgy); Power law; Materials science; Physics; Mathematics; Turbulence","score_opus":0.008502560211534706,"score_gpt":0.28857046188640023,"score_spread":0.2800679016748655,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2120964428","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9988621,0.000013403993,0.0006549988,0.00006261337,0.00031407457,0.000056098597,7.02655e-7,0.00001510102,0.00002094071],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991796,0.0000053994427,0.0007734288,0.000009966458,0.000025401981,0.0000012369726,5.4893402e-8,0.000004706282,1.9641578e-7],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992401,0.0000068953404,0.00028557764,0.0000966664,0.00021285033,0.00015788405],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996732,0.00001903048,0.00003073879,0.0001259882,0.000069154026,0.00008193017],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006180226,0.000063606836,0.00018098125,0.0003202504,0.00002916726,0.000014815202,0.00026794986,0.000070628375,0.000007228851],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013549472,0.000050608825,0.000013754023,0.0003557979,0.00011747393,0.0001167653,0.00004244849,0.0003835892,6.2077703e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014739911,0.00055335375,0.0004087732,0.0000013108249,0.0000022907668,0.00003373415,0.00005424221,0.000008998699,0.98301446,0.007994884,6.247548e-7,0.007912581],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0027712418,0.0063504335,0.002471967,0.000033407203,0.000012941125,0.00015949804,0.00078453065,0.21036531,0.77478534,0.0020639026,0.000033089855,0.00016833449],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002001449,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000013984436,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.21035631,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000027941629,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000032735494,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2063768},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2121288298","doi":"10.1002/ceat.200700006","title":"Using CFD and Ultrasonic velocimetry to Study the Mixing of Pseudoplastic Fluids with a Helical Ribbon Impeller","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering & Technology","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":58,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Impeller; Particle image velocimetry; Laminar flow; Mechanics; Computational fluid dynamics; Agitator; Materials science; Shear thinning; Mixing (physics); Ribbon; Velocimetry; Axial compressor; Mechanical engineering; Turbulence; Rheology; Engineering; Physics; Composite material; Gas compressor","score_opus":0.006030042218766946,"score_gpt":0.21069717717798064,"score_spread":0.2046671349592137,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2121288298","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7959435,0.0003192255,0.20312427,0.00002226114,0.00008419397,0.00018844078,0.0000014179536,0.0002936713,0.00002301174],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98385924,0.0000066909383,0.016018514,0.000008139678,0.000036944257,0.00001115314,7.551129e-7,0.00005626654,0.0000022840766],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.998923,0.000002877397,0.00027820579,0.0002349801,0.00013127922,0.0004296653],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994501,0.00012997174,0.000019417574,0.00027910937,0.000034631208,0.00008678474],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001905439,0.0002194569,0.00027889587,0.00026602694,0.000034265082,0.000012196296,0.00021970375,0.00018240549,0.000003192544],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011932322,0.0001753087,0.000029609955,0.0007396557,0.00007182822,0.000030210704,0.00010740782,0.00040392054,0.000001767807],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000136444505,0.00003417977,0.0007527047,0.00004976975,0.000096332566,0.000016983127,0.00019691247,0.033249136,0.96305656,0.00043857333,0.000004367742,0.002090806],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007311499,0.0001953648,0.0011600883,0.00012571264,0.00009026018,0.0002469392,0.00034529765,0.47060338,0.5259287,0.000047775295,0.00008290331,0.00044244426],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000068124746,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000016625534,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.43735424,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000087220425,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000095153955,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7148881},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2122337324","doi":"10.1115/1.3147985","title":"Vibration of a Normal Triangular Tube Bundle Subjected to Two-Phase Freon Cross Flow","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal; Atomic Energy (Canada); Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Bundle; Freon; Tube (container); Turbulence; Mechanics; Materials science; Vibration; Flow (mathematics); Physics; Thermodynamics; Acoustics; Composite material","score_opus":0.00468849585538712,"score_gpt":0.25072024421500383,"score_spread":0.24603174835961672,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2122337324","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.88397986,0.0014395519,0.11329098,0.0004034419,0.00038930867,0.0001387094,0.000016249933,0.00013112788,0.0002107688],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9868821,0.000042269665,0.01286238,0.000031105923,0.000119105054,0.0000021789629,0.0000024747728,0.000019973002,0.000038414866],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989018,0.000018398347,0.000560764,0.00010698058,0.00017430494,0.00023777699],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99929494,0.000023281502,0.00015172295,0.00022885509,0.0002291891,0.000072028],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024386529,0.00014261185,0.0003618854,0.0006177883,0.0000374478,0.000029569474,0.0003115876,0.00022093658,0.000025430327],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013056406,0.0001372797,0.00008959893,0.0005268849,0.000033199012,0.00022774158,0.000027462671,0.00034892926,0.0000027440951],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001319645,0.00018477012,0.00013875132,0.000045714212,0.00012166528,0.00004366281,0.00018290359,0.15076262,0.8339582,0.0013390227,0.00068245735,0.012408265],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006862449,0.0027832543,0.0021321469,0.00021249754,0.0002147969,0.0004302141,0.00008102692,0.34055033,0.63224745,0.0030270456,0.010996512,0.0004622918],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000037182751,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006145299,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.20171078,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000028279248,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000034804525,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5598104},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2123766141","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20665","title":"Design and CFD studies of multiphase separators—a review","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":50,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Separator (oil production); USable; Computational fluid dynamics; Multiphase flow; Process engineering; Process design; Computer science; Process (computing); Engineering; Petroleum engineering; Mechanical engineering; Process integration; Aerospace engineering; Mechanics","score_opus":0.03171205281227724,"score_gpt":0.22057124523696786,"score_spread":0.18885919242469063,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2123766141","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.71973604,0.2552668,0.023710838,0.00013801255,0.0006033832,0.00026669333,0.0000063973,0.000039766604,0.00023210734],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99267626,0.0011227374,0.006108357,0.000032890683,0.000036489,0.0000016181568,1.6183084e-7,0.000018555706,0.0000029419266],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99947387,0.00000731628,0.00026411432,0.000038176182,0.000062839856,0.00015369014],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995542,0.00006548163,0.000040220268,0.00008431956,0.00007045435,0.00018529137],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00029563552,0.00009436533,0.00022868096,0.000065353124,0.0000172954,0.0000056865615,0.00012842388,0.000031687137,0.000008009695],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001279738,0.00007039107,0.000044405224,0.0000910102,0.00004321065,0.00005316187,0.0000075785097,0.00016895321,5.38154e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000033046585,0.000025678173,0.00019080829,0.006390004,0.0016732696,0.00036855703,0.009465874,0.26262793,0.6993948,0.0033930358,0.006357823,0.0100791715],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012087361,0.00015800369,0.00010356729,0.008366477,0.0005066,0.00091304706,0.0000950711,0.51231575,0.4721688,0.0006288868,0.0026730245,0.00086204853],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000675114,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000016603914,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.27294022,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000059676753,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000051749263,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.28704643},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2124213858","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20446","title":"CFD simulation of stirred tanks: Comparison of turbulence models. Part I: Radial flow impellers","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":224,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Impeller; Computational fluid dynamics; Turbulence; Turbulence kinetic energy; Mechanics; Dissipation; Rushton turbine; Reynolds stress; Turbulence modeling; Flow (mathematics); Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Physics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.022657232982636725,"score_gpt":0.19408676493347937,"score_spread":0.17142953195084265,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2124213858","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.951453,0.0013289782,0.04594509,0.000022869453,0.00076993403,0.00008496373,0.000021615415,0.000020541649,0.00035304058],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99774784,0.0000075487815,0.0021277473,0.0000034319457,0.000083094594,5.9355415e-7,0.0000017286873,0.000024515271,0.0000035119313],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991026,0.0000062382496,0.00047513927,0.00005445864,0.0001415714,0.00021999366],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99939436,0.00006628359,0.000095246796,0.00013279727,0.00009066972,0.00022065135],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016413136,0.00011897637,0.00027366666,0.00012621157,0.000017472052,0.000008954611,0.00024867046,0.00007939352,0.000024832832],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006445254,0.000105021805,0.0000983179,0.00013743548,0.00004726686,0.00011118272,0.000008562495,0.00026530697,5.342347e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008084844,0.0000040802233,0.000034079367,0.000043850407,0.00004600182,0.000003144703,0.0012133727,0.9807843,0.016957011,0.00013618555,0.00008814358,0.00068175566],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00017928991,0.000019650057,0.000024344541,0.000119142125,0.00002807915,0.000007758029,0.000020425163,0.9662204,0.033060703,0.00014885058,0.00007344028,0.00009795201],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003440197,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009773568,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.04629486,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001119098,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009806323,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4282665},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2124357374","doi":"10.1002/ceat.201200348","title":"Multiphase reacting flow studies of bubble column ozonation reactor for water remediation","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering & Technology","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia","keywords":"Volume of fluid method; Ozone; Bubble; Chemistry; Surface tension; Volume (thermodynamics); Environmental remediation; Multiphase flow; Mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Thermodynamics; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.012354884862708509,"score_gpt":0.2300715582270123,"score_spread":0.2177166733643038,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2124357374","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.93844,0.0008681048,0.059157245,0.00006918447,0.0005759923,0.00019613231,0.000008808923,0.0006541247,0.000030405328],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9669015,0.00004285496,0.03273307,0.0000033913009,0.00013647112,0.00008937712,0.000040578536,0.000043050386,0.000009709641],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999196,0.0000015263571,0.00026234353,0.00011683114,0.00007152026,0.00035180215],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995985,0.00009405846,0.000026712438,0.00015654952,0.00008279973,0.00004135545],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015436545,0.00013598417,0.00022422842,0.00017590041,0.000016852553,0.000004039291,0.00009525667,0.00021324432,0.0000023267166],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004487688,0.00013002497,0.000047399,0.00014035015,0.000027663331,0.000114494535,0.000040828556,0.00015829656,0.0000031427435],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000036376769,0.000018227587,0.000049084247,0.00019659272,0.000050257873,2.6766085e-7,0.00019917871,0.014882199,0.9808881,0.00045282202,0.000079296486,0.0031802887],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002318063,0.000010984888,0.0000054781362,0.000031455984,0.000015796448,0.0000034126242,0.000034338394,0.30488202,0.69310635,0.00006909351,0.0014969839,0.000112287555],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000013042965,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.248806e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2899998,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014433754,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000033304689,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.53022647},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2124887413","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20647","title":"Influence of bubbles characteristics on the skin friction and velocity gradient on solid sphere","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Mechanics; Coalescence (physics); SPHERES; Volume (thermodynamics); Distributor; Dead zone; Velocity gradient; Two-dimensional gas; Materials science; Physics; Thermodynamics; Geology","score_opus":0.007384568545596197,"score_gpt":0.15897252188914981,"score_spread":0.15158795334355363,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2124887413","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9992937,0.00007704254,0.00020700578,0.00005182324,0.000119206845,0.00003645969,0.000005968338,0.000007858715,0.00020097241],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997507,0.000014718672,0.0001207141,0.000029313363,0.0000651674,0.0000010361259,3.5629654e-7,0.000015449526,0.0000025665975],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995054,0.000005303721,0.00020089839,0.000043197142,0.00008700801,0.00015817548],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99960774,0.00006046342,0.000047380185,0.000101186924,0.00004269656,0.00014055509],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014916541,0.000094764546,0.00012610902,0.0000526256,0.000036718204,0.000015146112,0.00015223428,0.00004579495,0.000007651099],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000870122,0.000063097126,0.000037348036,0.00007380145,0.000037401132,0.000036500824,0.000006733891,0.00029326463,9.958741e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000044041197,0.000027443019,0.0007323516,0.00020934983,0.0002738486,0.000064461914,0.005687741,0.6825676,0.27570477,0.029403988,0.0002787344,0.0050056605],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004586114,0.00021899492,0.042673916,0.0010186781,0.00009006716,0.00019489834,0.0000934044,0.5575125,0.39545962,0.00077336683,0.0009811075,0.00052482943],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00028238137,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007438714,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12505509,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009532603,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000035808145,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2573026},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2125015144","doi":"10.1021/bp0341545","title":"Evaluation of Oxygen Mass Transfer in Aspergillus niger Fermentation Using Data Reconciliation","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biotechnology Progress","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Aspergillus niger; Fermentation; Chemistry; Aspergillus; Oxygen; Food science; Microbiology; Biology; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.058140686164549184,"score_gpt":0.29405274383962393,"score_spread":0.23591205767507475,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2125015144","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97458756,0.0009526692,0.023615403,0.00013501744,0.00019155067,0.00033110182,0.00001923629,0.000120670804,0.00004677134],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9930557,0.00008503372,0.0067383195,0.000004080801,0.000012330441,0.000016832488,0.00006995677,0.000016673992,0.0000010515711],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991887,0.000024656541,0.0002406745,0.000186626,0.00020751487,0.00015182898],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99958074,0.0000037945047,0.0000217926,0.00031686146,0.000064262276,0.000012529108],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00064550387,0.000089439636,0.000119400145,0.00021417021,0.000020707688,0.000007931341,0.00018966923,0.00024843012,0.000007725556],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000026093,0.000098988254,0.000015135496,0.0002647676,0.000053497948,0.00016706939,0.000025415724,0.00010786448,0.000002449566],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011979029,0.0000619947,0.0018535417,0.000080753605,0.00007998557,0.0000045504576,0.0003208108,0.17525703,0.6907175,0.0024861312,0.0000032649662,0.12912244],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011906023,0.000030437968,0.003868388,0.00007311847,0.00005956131,0.000004814555,0.00010075418,0.88853496,0.10477027,0.0011916391,0.000029480198,0.00014597928],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000030469773,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00012523936,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.71327794,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003064182,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000054785723,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.40366238},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2125159395","doi":"10.1002/ceat.201300409","title":"Experiments and Simulations on Bidisperse Solids Suspension in a Mixing Tank","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering & Technology","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Impeller; Baffle; Suspension (topology); Lattice Boltzmann methods; Turbulence; Mechanics; Mixing (physics); Eulerian path; Large eddy simulation; Materials science; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Physics; Lagrangian; Mathematics","score_opus":0.004988852719870079,"score_gpt":0.19825378282043954,"score_spread":0.19326493010056947,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2125159395","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9967772,0.00025456218,0.0019408725,0.000100398225,0.00010016144,0.00013172935,0.0000012674627,0.00052344677,0.00017039427],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972243,0.000019066585,0.0026346082,0.000015382388,0.00001998409,0.000034370398,0.000004765752,0.00003785242,0.000009727746],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993098,0.0000014765201,0.00016719988,0.00018100665,0.000055641045,0.000284881],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997241,0.000028715738,0.000008422451,0.00017386691,0.0000126752,0.000052224113],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000021214224,0.00015274197,0.00016158215,0.0003007626,0.000015350908,0.000016106307,0.000093631286,0.0002044503,0.00002088974],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000056011675,0.00016580624,0.000019410445,0.00025873832,0.000028748245,0.00006440207,0.000058417736,0.00026612313,0.000019271658],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[7.891847e-7,0.0000124844,0.00012843889,0.000018815266,0.0000056053545,0.0000060812995,0.000049493174,0.082241565,0.91484106,0.0014778455,0.000035909296,0.0011819106],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000252172,0.0000123547725,0.00010994226,0.00006059347,0.000002310634,0.000008144125,0.000021354692,0.82894033,0.17001408,0.00023135904,0.00017798715,0.00016935928],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007967152,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":9.4454157e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7466988,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009750228,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000028639638,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6761382},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2126953946","doi":"10.7202/705547ar","title":"Absorption et désorption du dioxyde de souffre par des gouttes d'eau de fort diamètre en chute. ","year":2005,"lang":"fr","type":"article","venue":"Revue des sciences de l eau","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"","keywords":"Physics; Humanities; Art","score_opus":0.028414726380936284,"score_gpt":0.2706496199933253,"score_spread":0.24223489361238904,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2126953946","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7730212,0.007446056,0.21388587,0.0013491989,0.00040545588,0.0001686284,0.000025928926,0.00016942142,0.0035282227],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8340789,0.006304915,0.1574807,0.00015505301,0.000854397,0.000031567437,0.000012936913,0.000047342226,0.0010341943],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9977148,0.00015357975,0.00037601675,0.00042429677,0.00022091142,0.0011103972],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991161,0.00021588526,0.00009053319,0.00024170047,0.00006106047,0.0002746927],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0018221023,0.0003121785,0.00027945125,0.00019033763,0.000554906,0.00033086893,0.0004515276,0.00026061502,0.00009468674],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00025028782,0.00034639917,0.00017928152,0.0005268024,0.0007444914,0.0009614062,0.000095515,0.00032668674,0.000115460956],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007263861,0.000093601906,0.076655775,0.00057833735,0.000042947493,0.00003717928,0.010380624,0.7948621,0.04198503,0.023091707,0.0005499328,0.051715523],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00022676268,0.00013374363,0.048761226,0.0006540428,0.00006693462,0.00040286037,0.0003790318,0.9323029,0.0016992317,0.009470374,0.0054766783,0.0004262153],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0020815562,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00611944,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.13744083,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0015341064,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00021394486,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998988},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2127253522","doi":"10.1016/j.cherd.2015.10.043","title":"Parametric analysis of internal gas separation within an ebullated bed reactor","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Process Safety and Environmental Protection","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Syncrude (Canada); Dalhousie University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Syncrude","keywords":"Separator (oil production); Computational fluid dynamics; Freeboard; Bubble; Mechanics; Cyclonic separation; Parametric statistics; Nuclear engineering; Environmental science; Process engineering; Materials science; Fluidized bed; Mechanical engineering; Waste management; Engineering; Physics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.01153655393852874,"score_gpt":0.2172220349732947,"score_spread":0.20568548103476597,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2127253522","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9205843,0.000108632164,0.07884959,0.0000045706847,0.00006004299,0.00015310166,0.000013934409,0.000053277854,0.00017252853],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996799,0.0000606572,0.00013183107,0.0000040314303,0.000015024917,0.000013179501,0.00007213658,0.000011873449,0.000011338718],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994222,0.00001701167,0.00021194138,0.0001369582,0.00012626186,0.000085632615],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997846,0.000004665713,0.000058671736,0.000076821314,0.0000067756787,0.0000684677],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000162163,0.00009337472,0.00014096372,0.00018633224,0.000031620057,0.000014564305,0.00003801292,0.00006611081,0.000011980785],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009489719,0.00009317775,0.000027615431,0.0002469257,0.000026474077,0.00023718052,0.0000115299745,0.00009948328,0.000002072125],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00020168693,0.000060097842,0.003138556,0.00005235625,0.00024502663,7.8735894e-7,0.0017613187,0.95452,0.0342573,0.000016095068,7.2396386e-7,0.0057460824],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00025311246,0.000118249445,0.00474308,0.000008988711,0.00012213082,0.0000048167767,0.00025649686,0.9876537,0.0065848883,0.00012296904,0.000025078702,0.000106532745],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000911925,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004351762,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0790956,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009202224,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000038774824,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3799678},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2127255281","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450820615","title":"The Effects of Power Law Fluid Rheology on Coil Heat Transfer for Agitated Vessel in the Transitional Flow Regime","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Mechanics; Fluent; Power-law fluid; Heat transfer; Computational fluid dynamics; Reynolds number; Electromagnetic coil; Flow (mathematics); Turbine; Heat transfer coefficient; Materials science; Rheology; Power law; Thermodynamics; Physics; Turbulence; Mathematics","score_opus":0.0028383123512045797,"score_gpt":0.16106360936060363,"score_spread":0.15822529700939905,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2127255281","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98536557,0.0015659912,0.009743807,0.0023323998,0.0005317179,0.0002268297,0.000019501473,0.000013867894,0.00020028905],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99955016,0.000011882545,0.00015727153,0.0001724775,0.00006845859,0.00000902199,0.000002887369,0.000025332549,0.0000025305994],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99925613,0.000012590453,0.0002650557,0.00005688508,0.00012123788,0.00028810455],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99926805,0.00044314205,0.0000084729145,0.00011993546,0.000050516548,0.000109860346],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024507372,0.00012413821,0.00017485397,0.00006582298,0.000060837792,0.00002444206,0.00028516495,0.00007676931,0.0000019024257],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000076368815,0.00007517776,0.000115505594,0.00012203927,0.000082082144,0.00004366568,0.0000018725095,0.00035063236,3.1394418e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000029041608,0.000008135092,6.11449e-7,0.00007015378,0.0000659449,0.00003135541,0.0011964893,0.67486864,0.28195018,0.0415565,0.00013657546,0.000086410146],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0060752537,0.0005512596,0.00018123916,0.0014237467,0.00016103947,0.00074374664,0.00014859125,0.33656466,0.64464235,0.004895761,0.0038903558,0.00072198274],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00018948903,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00042637685,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3626922,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014388192,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000096453645,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.306566},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2127632319","doi":"10.1002/aic.10862","title":"Drop sizes during turbulent mixing of toluene–heavy oil fractions in water","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AIChE Journal","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Natural Resources Canada","funders":"China Electronics Technology Group Corporation","keywords":"Breakage; Coalescence (physics); Drop (telecommunication); Turbulence; Breakup; Chemistry; Mixing (physics); Volume fraction; Oil droplet; Volume (thermodynamics); Chromatography; Materials science; Emulsion; Mechanics; Thermodynamics; Composite material; Physics","score_opus":0.00397212799015894,"score_gpt":0.18837603270020942,"score_spread":0.18440390471005047,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2127632319","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99599993,0.0005896377,0.00092636055,0.00014116999,0.00029475402,0.000016122727,8.441746e-7,0.00003475365,0.0019964445],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982196,0.00020208313,0.00087843166,0.000010653515,0.00021237368,0.0000019524837,0.0000017424766,0.000025075447,0.00044808717],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99916214,0.000014457557,0.00034634653,0.00007218148,0.0001309803,0.00027390063],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997782,0.000020073452,0.0000318102,0.00009277685,0.000032842938,0.00004428997],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015782836,0.00010216754,0.00014923657,0.0001628403,0.000074136784,0.00003798799,0.00008550626,0.000058829624,0.000070334274],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000076277875,0.000085716034,0.000070476446,0.000086721935,0.000012069016,0.0001637121,0.000018619274,0.00032634824,0.000010556202],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011090867,0.000049465983,0.003367123,0.000074157644,0.000033753124,0.00008676085,0.0004113528,0.33408493,0.6606296,0.00007735981,0.0003657382,0.000808669],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0031750966,0.0000737535,0.08155954,0.0008329337,0.000086498556,0.001647512,0.00046013747,0.3070667,0.5937586,0.0018497831,0.00850035,0.0009891071],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00011055948,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00010081297,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07819241,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001177407,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000103037955,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.34953985},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2128849888","doi":"10.1002/aic.14235","title":"Tomography images to analyze the deformation of the cavern in the continuous‐flow mixing of non‐Newtonian fluids","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AIChE Journal","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Mixing (physics); Impeller; Rheology; Flow (mathematics); Mechanics; Flow visualization; Newtonian fluid; Volumetric flow rate; Non-Newtonian fluid; Materials science; Viscosity; Volume (thermodynamics); Mechanical engineering; Thermodynamics; Engineering; Composite material; Physics","score_opus":0.0027330823853107923,"score_gpt":0.1845496345454239,"score_spread":0.1818165521601131,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2128849888","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98652744,0.00028907595,0.010832864,0.0007290097,0.00020553966,0.00018995364,0.0000039833235,0.0000073717288,0.0012147332],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99823743,0.00006219302,0.0014706798,0.00013075542,0.000056102563,0.0000062592762,5.586219e-7,0.000011334304,0.000024676936],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991607,0.00004211806,0.00035008363,0.000046857826,0.00021798728,0.0001822165],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995265,0.00005584848,0.000079248886,0.00021894553,0.000087879205,0.000031582116],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00062641467,0.000093374016,0.0001374133,0.00011083012,0.00008824984,0.0000655871,0.00040737118,0.00003809232,0.000021145403],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000286875,0.00004532666,0.0001265308,0.0003989725,0.000034250403,0.0001679251,0.000037107897,0.00028511032,0.0000041882427],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000151312615,0.00007582039,0.14202562,0.0001395662,0.00027301224,0.0000053936296,0.026861237,0.22777502,0.5603079,0.00023001763,0.014189267,0.028102003],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000390236,0.00004925686,0.49637908,0.00020722528,0.000049234615,0.00007127045,0.0027520333,0.4883488,0.010687131,0.00039281766,0.0005172593,0.00015564947],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00017120398,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009242454,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.54962075,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000027716082,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014940651,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.18483675},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2129691001","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20556","title":"Scaling up of silverson rotor–stator mixers","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":56,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council; University of Manchester; Royal Commission for the Exhibition of 1851; Royal Society","keywords":"Scaling; Stator; Mechanics; Sauter mean diameter; Drop (telecommunication); Rotor (electric); Coalescence (physics); Breakage; Materials science; Volumetric flow rate; Emulsion; Thermodynamics; Physics; Engineering; Mechanical engineering; Mathematics; Composite material; Chemical engineering","score_opus":0.008740006025177065,"score_gpt":0.15583589055203198,"score_spread":0.1470958845268549,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2129691001","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9950694,0.0005515096,0.003027098,0.000018954133,0.00071456115,0.00004991851,0.000006087883,0.000020839678,0.0005416331],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99822336,0.000005137529,0.0016238459,0.000010694886,0.00009563997,9.747985e-7,5.50082e-7,0.00003181481,0.0000079550655],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992751,0.0000041767125,0.000295338,0.000048173828,0.00011286646,0.00026437076],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994246,0.000041367643,0.00004906869,0.0001167722,0.00005992445,0.00030826108],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018701582,0.000114043556,0.00018523875,0.00013168227,0.000023286595,0.000014697364,0.000265268,0.00006714233,0.000039944913],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000080591635,0.00009646183,0.000104704144,0.00013096933,0.00003792682,0.00008024354,0.000007661566,0.00029098184,0.0000019642962],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000024636141,0.000009616818,0.0004311223,0.0002860859,0.0003535513,0.000104271996,0.0063742567,0.20637186,0.77701676,0.0042492854,0.000937129,0.0038414325],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00067970814,0.000036630114,0.0003831913,0.0004084796,0.00009017526,0.00019094496,0.00014270314,0.33573356,0.6599997,0.0002483729,0.0016518078,0.00043471938],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00069906045,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000693832,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1293617,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015226981,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010008062,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.39335993},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2131329982","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450810505","title":"Hydrodynamic Model for Horizontal Two‐phase Flow Through Porous Media","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Drag; Mechanics; Bubble; Pressure drop; Turbulence; Drag coefficient; Two-phase flow; Flow (mathematics); Stratified flow; Multiphase flow; Porosity; Physics; Geology; Geotechnical engineering","score_opus":0.008172637210026479,"score_gpt":0.19709455769812478,"score_spread":0.1889219204880983,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2131329982","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.67254376,0.0011295734,0.32467932,0.00008288607,0.0009428716,0.0001318888,0.00005110011,0.000048094942,0.00039053982],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98271877,0.0000068035615,0.016958825,0.000031169162,0.00019633771,0.000005487452,0.000006546871,0.00006570197,0.0000103399725],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990023,0.000004954092,0.0003333113,0.00008550371,0.00012898147,0.00044494346],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99931926,0.00008817767,0.000038224807,0.00015154098,0.00006166993,0.00034113828],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022962283,0.00018434104,0.0002388092,0.000088947985,0.000057147554,0.000047636233,0.00025461867,0.00008432121,0.000010149578],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017699547,0.00015880566,0.00013624337,0.000117385964,0.000031094358,0.00013306351,0.0000050801154,0.00036321298,0.0000016166927],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003839794,0.0000041362746,0.000001037505,0.000022096494,0.000046978934,0.000020880421,0.00048914185,0.9435446,0.05161876,0.0035547144,0.00021604655,0.00047775137],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008446069,0.000017102888,3.4682174e-7,0.00003980612,0.000035660843,0.00019135124,0.000010164306,0.98752135,0.009435216,0.0012736066,0.00044457504,0.00018623812],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010305317,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00044694953,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.31017503,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00034331257,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00021394879,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6475907},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2133378208","doi":"10.1002/aic.12690","title":"Euler–Lagrange modeling of a gas–liquid stirred reactor with consideration of bubble breakage and coalescence","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AIChE Journal","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":43,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Breakage; Bubble; Mechanics; Coalescence (physics); Breakup; Bubble column reactor; Continuous stirred-tank reactor; Thermodynamics; Chemical reactor; Discretization; Chemistry; Materials science; Physics; Mathematics; Gas bubble","score_opus":0.018790097101980555,"score_gpt":0.18100851847152985,"score_spread":0.16221842136954928,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2133378208","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9408594,0.00047707025,0.057771742,0.000012382606,0.00006461008,0.00004595477,0.000004819389,0.000016100683,0.00074792164],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99246377,0.00023492532,0.007248448,0.000005822757,0.000024829127,7.8878537e-7,9.261807e-7,0.00001541377,0.0000050623175],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994752,0.000012515508,0.00023116212,0.000060086637,0.000105999185,0.00011507276],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99966896,0.000023587047,0.00006814715,0.000079947305,0.00010098806,0.00005838036],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017369037,0.00008100258,0.00015112813,0.00006470809,0.000027750451,0.000011463558,0.00004851147,0.000040233917,0.000015580548],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000019068624,0.00006826405,0.00002283302,0.00005256917,0.000029092856,0.00011915446,0.000011235234,0.00014060938,4.3276415e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00036983818,0.00009065562,0.0029433977,0.00032822083,0.0002086411,0.000055007346,0.0072851367,0.074709296,0.91151094,0.00092726405,0.00015316729,0.0014184533],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006125433,0.00019098248,0.000814616,0.00029089182,0.000048845686,0.0002962305,0.00025316566,0.975814,0.021362256,0.00017509169,0.000008139486,0.0001332808],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007551323,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000052397758,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9011047,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000015141298,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000026747244,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2783727},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2133574592","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450810314","title":"Hydrodynamics of a Three‐phase Airlift Reactor with an Enlarged Separator — Application to High Cell Density Systems","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Separator (oil production); Airlift; Draft tube; Materials science; Mechanics; Chromatography; Phase (matter); Bioreactor; Nuclear engineering; Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.003346302423532501,"score_gpt":0.1667546620845944,"score_spread":0.1634083596610619,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2133574592","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.91749996,0.00016218839,0.081937246,0.00001638107,0.00016056398,0.00013307693,0.000016995833,0.000020931544,0.000052670366],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99790305,0.0000013017202,0.0019494356,0.000010187691,0.0000800325,0.000004974921,0.0000048541356,0.000043630032,0.0000025193433],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991568,0.000009831924,0.0003153994,0.00009028853,0.00015495888,0.00027273275],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990326,0.00003489398,0.000069759604,0.00023704431,0.00011694423,0.00050871755],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002548157,0.00015386604,0.00025368264,0.00012717108,0.000029290255,0.000034601442,0.00021979191,0.00007954357,0.0000027125807],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000039269602,0.00012466878,0.000046459303,0.00022011627,0.000019466175,0.00008931477,0.000004640008,0.00027702312,0.0000014189632],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010918037,0.00001067665,0.00006982633,0.00005832763,0.000037320573,0.000013906484,0.00013665795,0.60677713,0.3910133,0.0017829462,0.000025208068,0.00006377225],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00059017463,0.00010654535,0.00005895842,0.000089452,0.000053981057,0.00012744594,0.000019594872,0.89661855,0.10147514,0.000036536723,0.00057631265,0.00024729356],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00092645764,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010880468,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2898414,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00025416288,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00016348583,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5083845},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2133797440","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450780605","title":"Heat transfer in a reciprocating plate column","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Reciprocating motion; Brass; Turbulence; Reynolds number; Mechanics; Heat transfer; Heat transfer coefficient; Materials science; Flow (mathematics); Plate column; Thermodynamics; Column (typography); Thermocouple; Composite material; Mechanical engineering; Copper; Metallurgy; Physics","score_opus":0.004165252180654554,"score_gpt":0.15472238150939427,"score_spread":0.15055712932873971,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2133797440","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99773645,0.0005567949,0.0005700331,0.00012861525,0.00015953813,0.000046038807,0.0000025447916,0.00001886437,0.00078114],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995358,0.000013285029,0.0002624842,0.000035887668,0.00010445173,0.000002011792,7.034164e-7,0.000029347193,0.000016043505],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.999273,0.000004548942,0.00028328932,0.000051335646,0.00008513961,0.00030269596],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996264,0.00004027384,0.0000026274863,0.0000840172,0.000018539316,0.00022811563],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019172268,0.00010357184,0.00015778978,0.00010479105,0.000025712201,0.000038988524,0.00019152569,0.00006502406,0.00010257018],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000025104033,0.00009176633,0.000057910704,0.00019204686,0.000018073219,0.00007884568,0.0000019103195,0.00043261686,0.00000457625],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000044629132,0.0000020794623,0.00004821631,0.000029667743,0.000023504055,0.000066459375,0.00065351324,0.89153755,0.10404746,0.00012301453,0.000089256275,0.003374819],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00044472067,0.00001516316,0.00014840493,0.0002805886,0.000013943639,0.00025982596,0.000012560214,0.96444577,0.03126688,0.00005072414,0.0028293335,0.00023206648],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00075882423,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010751445,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.072908245,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022510189,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008301866,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3742122},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2134220647","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450810375","title":"Modeling of an Airlift Reactor with Floating Solids for Wastewater Treatment","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Airlift; Mixing (physics); Wastewater; Process engineering; Process (computing); Sewage treatment; Biomass (ecology); Environmental science; Flow (mathematics); Bioreactor; Waste management; Nuclear engineering; Materials science; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Computer science; Mechanics; Chemistry; Physics; Ecology","score_opus":0.007891816333802185,"score_gpt":0.17471364695479227,"score_spread":0.1668218306209901,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2134220647","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98693174,0.00018916042,0.012546751,0.000023398878,0.00012642158,0.00007699104,0.0000069109014,0.000013386817,0.00008526566],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99098265,0.000001978085,0.008860134,0.0000054130287,0.00009850898,0.0000026740715,0.0000019775189,0.000042504147,0.000004153031],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993296,0.000004733504,0.00025945334,0.000057907986,0.00008031614,0.00026796988],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99950534,0.000034371642,0.000029739356,0.0001205551,0.00006393603,0.0002460756],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001539048,0.0001298241,0.00019937176,0.0000884737,0.000028487433,0.000025401989,0.00011949113,0.000050681818,0.0000041647754],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004047903,0.000088804365,0.00007022926,0.00006800329,0.000014458281,0.000090048874,0.0000018386966,0.00012890177,1.6555403e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000049352375,0.0000029450775,0.0000066977973,0.000027565437,0.000052726253,0.000005505052,0.00035001762,0.8727614,0.126233,0.00040701745,0.000002899835,0.00014524156],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003955167,0.000068283596,7.6378507e-7,0.00007497638,0.00003145647,0.0000734336,0.000031034175,0.8255971,0.17340441,0.000043385855,0.00017907936,0.00010055668],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002844444,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00026845478,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.047171414,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020282216,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013218015,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3621337},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2135092483","doi":"10.1002/cjce.21955","title":"Compartmental modelling of turbulent fluid flow for the scale‐up of stirred tanks","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Rushton turbine; Impeller; Baffle; Turbulence; Mechanics; Dissipation; Mixing (physics); Volume (thermodynamics); Constant (computer programming); Turbine; Agitator; SCALE-UP; Volumetric flow rate; Flow (mathematics); Scale (ratio); Work (physics); Computational fluid dynamics; Thermodynamics; Physics; Computer science; Classical mechanics","score_opus":0.01078940169376036,"score_gpt":0.16932243123679078,"score_spread":0.15853302954303042,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2135092483","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8877219,0.0027866228,0.10803223,0.0003932341,0.0007134063,0.00026851974,0.000030957177,0.00001460303,0.00003854629],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9957681,0.000015149162,0.0040432326,0.00001454171,0.00010818944,0.000006690249,0.0000025615252,0.000028688126,0.000012863537],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991604,0.0000038226203,0.00040233307,0.00005020832,0.00013284381,0.0002503659],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993597,0.00013701909,0.00006228864,0.00014221176,0.00011528636,0.00018345244],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017564796,0.00012206903,0.00023529859,0.000074261035,0.000034407414,0.00002412438,0.00030046137,0.000053777934,0.000020548943],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000023840013,0.00008354738,0.00014378522,0.000090533074,0.000051369632,0.00006971677,0.000009351767,0.00021014965,7.6513527e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000036113827,0.0000023608602,0.0000052561686,0.000055334083,0.00007167844,7.22595e-7,0.00022669694,0.9001337,0.09825918,0.00011741616,0.0008077708,0.00031627185],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00025103928,0.0000149669795,0.0000127616295,0.00010013829,0.00003626062,0.000028505725,0.000024056331,0.9400064,0.059105065,0.00011268177,0.00022679399,0.00008136141],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00035146676,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004469132,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1080462,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012088539,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006761238,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3406963},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2135918747","doi":"10.1139/s03-009","title":"Measurements of the size, rise velocity, and specific interfacial area of bubbles in an impinging-jet bubble column","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Engineering and Science","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Bubble; Sauter mean diameter; Particle size; Kraft process; Turbulence; Mechanics; Materials science; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chemistry; Chromatography; Composite material; Kraft paper; Thermodynamics; Physics","score_opus":0.01060085824202749,"score_gpt":0.18301212163828204,"score_spread":0.17241126339625454,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2135918747","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9983691,0.0007442371,0.0005785453,0.0000031941433,0.00018272724,0.000040970193,0.000003119016,0.0000028621373,0.00007526878],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981744,0.0001578037,0.0016475613,0.0000015604453,0.000007763509,3.7178563e-7,4.0803933e-8,0.0000072232665,0.0000032528012],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992736,0.0000089474925,0.0002606095,0.00007962936,0.00023986616,0.00013734636],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99976796,0.000021713535,0.000053940697,0.00008256132,0.000008894057,0.00006492915],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005177409,0.00008460519,0.00015174781,0.00009775327,0.000033467997,0.000020267613,0.00014323166,0.000024176867,0.0000057979637],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000042382002,0.000069083435,0.000025547657,0.00013919716,0.00014555709,0.0001949539,0.000038678223,0.00011624271,5.9544217e-8],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000039771194,0.000028372959,0.04549363,0.000024725212,0.000006577473,0.0000015136613,0.0003743437,0.13310431,0.8203243,0.000028090957,0.0000019881638,0.0006081953],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010015748,0.00021583441,0.5889935,0.0003519132,0.000018784609,0.00010839068,0.0003554141,0.2320141,0.17649177,0.000056684312,0.0001233224,0.0002687285],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000031882767,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003722834,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6438325,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000076932985,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000128940255,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.28171408},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2137501474","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2012.04.006","title":"Modeling of aerated stirred tanks with shear-thinning power law liquids","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":42,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Shear thinning; Bubble; Mechanics; Power law; Breakup; Sauter mean diameter; Coalescence (physics); Lattice Boltzmann methods; Materials science; Thermodynamics; Rheology; Physics; Nozzle; Mathematics","score_opus":0.006595972114706871,"score_gpt":0.21211993817421768,"score_spread":0.20552396605951082,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2137501474","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9203868,0.0021084594,0.074842274,0.00011427581,0.0011591142,0.00003363125,0.0000070333244,0.000019507004,0.0013289193],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9933574,0.00010782533,0.0062300125,0.00005344085,0.00020692608,6.3194375e-7,0.0000032746887,0.000020914014,0.00001955214],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99917483,0.000009803325,0.00033501882,0.000052595595,0.00027460553,0.00015316642],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99953276,0.00002328971,0.000025813199,0.00005404201,0.00027190644,0.000092180606],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021660993,0.00010562542,0.00017384466,0.00011761657,0.000027094311,0.000038357448,0.000115637864,0.000051647992,0.000029165736],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000010616061,0.00008545572,0.00004974826,0.000051020692,0.000022265715,0.00037756131,0.000021659045,0.00017248419,0.0000011162218],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00024553027,0.00006604235,0.0017491882,0.000026487409,0.00042057337,0.000031402495,0.001382093,0.88103116,0.11100329,0.0028241752,0.0002510354,0.0009690293],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006016603,0.0000974102,0.00026721595,0.00019185343,0.000020705724,0.0002522977,0.00007235577,0.99564517,0.0023433825,0.00005472222,0.00034131453,0.000111926056],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000023575612,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004607124,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.114614,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000045762266,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000017736316,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.34847832},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2137891950","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450810340","title":"Gas‐liquid Mass Transfer Enhancement in a Surface Aeration Stirred Slurry Reactors","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Stichting voor de Technische Wetenschappen; Shell","keywords":"Slurry; Mass transfer; Aeration; Catalysis; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Reactivity (psychology); Aqueous solution; Mass transfer coefficient; Phase (matter); Carbon fibers; Reaction rate; Materials science; Chromatography; Organic chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.005205640098145364,"score_gpt":0.1644788360202038,"score_spread":0.15927319592205844,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2137891950","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98534656,0.000512995,0.013236595,0.00014301897,0.00037408143,0.00006711191,0.000002474945,0.000013553571,0.00030360525],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99910414,0.000014540927,0.0007737715,0.00001882111,0.000047327598,0.0000016875822,0.0000015276933,0.000028241851,0.0000099499475],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991892,0.000011312858,0.00031341476,0.000063378015,0.00012018669,0.0003025107],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99957836,0.00004195863,0.000014895821,0.00009921668,0.000035413534,0.000230138],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00029515222,0.00012820469,0.00016321098,0.000100841215,0.000025586678,0.000036258996,0.00013429455,0.000071219234,0.000033239954],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006524696,0.00011359664,0.00005795859,0.00017216383,0.000014837962,0.00009545649,0.0000016413857,0.00037499474,0.0000018810467],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004733998,0.0000024880171,0.000026544061,0.000019442485,0.000021051228,0.000022619728,0.0003509178,0.38496384,0.61388886,0.00058358925,0.00004965067,0.00006625376],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00064309884,0.000047737238,0.000024795427,0.00020622766,0.000024947147,0.00005714066,0.000048396072,0.24801785,0.74768704,0.00010617032,0.0028014507,0.00033515922],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00020856032,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005682223,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.136946,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000401943,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013429641,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.46323365},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2138240948","doi":"10.1002/ceat.200800511","title":"CFD Investigation of the Mixing of Yield‐Pseudoplastic Fluids with Anchor Impellers","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering & Technology","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":62,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Impeller; Computational fluid dynamics; Shear thinning; Mixing (physics); Mechanics; Slip factor; Homogenization (climate); Materials science; Rheology; Agitator; Power consumption; Turbulence; Mechanical engineering; Thermodynamics; Engineering; Power (physics); Physics; Composite material","score_opus":0.0030456887065002398,"score_gpt":0.15016043180607705,"score_spread":0.1471147430995768,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2138240948","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9768977,0.000235272,0.022156015,0.00011538221,0.0000993509,0.00008731985,0.000002473304,0.0002856174,0.0001208572],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99546295,0.000011610819,0.0044629714,0.000008743119,0.000018829382,0.0000053620565,0.0000016638255,0.000022589491,0.0000052854616],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993321,0.000001335647,0.00023397832,0.0001259256,0.00009576226,0.0002109212],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99958634,0.000044478897,0.000033669858,0.0002661819,0.000034628996,0.00003472237],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000041821484,0.00014335728,0.00021133866,0.00014409551,0.000011960113,0.000003434098,0.00023632162,0.00018562863,0.000002982756],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000097098025,0.00011554481,0.000045039465,0.0005210501,0.00008678201,0.000036385427,0.000032347532,0.0002602079,7.165193e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000024077287,0.0000044179956,0.00016502701,0.00006685047,0.00001818825,8.596093e-7,0.00003788782,0.07699708,0.9205538,0.001551678,0.000030951524,0.00057088205],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001404246,0.000036444144,0.0003479062,0.00017717585,0.000016298347,0.000013930606,0.000009737477,0.17325538,0.825616,0.00024736614,0.000024407305,0.00011490732],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000001780323,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.181849e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.096258305,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000047697635,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014323567,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.47117805},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2138508967","doi":"10.2118/161212-pa","title":"Computational Fluid Dynamics-Based Study of an Oilfield Separator--Part I: A Realistic Simulation","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Oil and Gas Facilities","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Computational fluid dynamics; Baffle; Separator (oil production); Fluid dynamics; Fluent; Multiphase flow; Mechanics; Computer simulation; Computer science; Mechanical engineering; Simulation; Engineering; Physics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.013801820278617994,"score_gpt":0.23783003623636953,"score_spread":0.22402821595775155,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2138508967","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9947206,0.00013308266,0.0033454811,0.000011309176,0.00014241901,0.000028441551,0.00010925056,0.00006604454,0.0014433884],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99931514,0.000005737588,0.00020638191,0.000010706089,0.000036258036,0.000008382631,0.000090021305,0.000009147045,0.00031820848],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994751,0.00002115551,0.00016988695,0.000081198836,0.00011266931,0.0001399842],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996906,0.000099363926,0.000015755313,0.00009630508,0.0000378143,0.000060147522],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010024816,0.00009650561,0.00012762,0.00005391734,0.000050357907,0.000018967106,0.000035184712,0.00003785986,0.000020119558],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000014297283,0.00009743044,0.000018518507,0.00004569783,0.000021466194,0.00013241205,0.000009746786,0.00004786851,0.0000019897127],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011735397,0.00007744579,0.0025897098,0.00011328188,0.000018199979,6.3327747e-7,0.001835106,0.9880803,0.000034686465,0.0008351406,0.000023533836,0.006380225],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00031164227,0.00009083791,0.0015187652,0.000012357131,0.000012503183,7.4102377e-7,0.0014095755,0.99602425,0.000012722078,0.00020598523,0.0002959962,0.00010461969],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00012729506,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00019865154,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.007943952,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000024693903,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008192469,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3973098},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2138899664","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20664","title":"Coalescence efficiency of bubbles in bubble columns","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Mechanics; Breakup; Coalescence (physics); Buoyancy; Turbulence; Laminar flow; Population balance equation; Reynolds number; Sauter mean diameter; Population; Meteorology; Thermodynamics; Materials science; Physics","score_opus":0.007909261955665317,"score_gpt":0.15265724421602048,"score_spread":0.14474798226035515,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2138899664","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99660563,0.0006837049,0.0017662022,0.000016136395,0.0002132774,0.000038720565,0.0000031995828,0.000010034926,0.00066310086],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99911493,0.000007637831,0.00081480434,0.000006371747,0.00003337048,8.055227e-7,2.1951728e-7,0.000017087617,0.000004784913],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993321,0.0000038544927,0.00029210828,0.000042744712,0.000089716676,0.00023953467],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99961066,0.00003306699,0.000035290577,0.00010040922,0.000043991728,0.00017660046],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020465055,0.00008478853,0.0001634481,0.00014384135,0.000013378479,0.000010071126,0.0002855759,0.000052100855,0.000019922149],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006861163,0.00007396002,0.000050942188,0.00020097665,0.00004533852,0.000057034194,0.000008084252,0.00025697896,0.000001216017],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009974031,0.000021880469,0.0036379746,0.00020220269,0.00005845464,0.00013448855,0.0029365188,0.32858244,0.65920806,0.0043861116,0.00021627694,0.0006056159],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00065268873,0.000060695536,0.0033010286,0.00069290306,0.000034970093,0.00023748749,0.000076247365,0.6524632,0.34131783,0.0004260307,0.00031595092,0.00042098228],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0015199401,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009649918,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.32388076,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012633261,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000119935365,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.30160022},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2140122241","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20313","title":"Heat transfer metrology issues in two‐phase bubble column reactors","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Metrology; Adiabatic process; Tube (container); Heat transfer; Bubble; Heat transfer coefficient; Mechanics; Thermodynamics; Materials science; Column (typography); Phase (matter); Chemistry; Physics; Optics; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Composite material","score_opus":0.0043561420741664,"score_gpt":0.20539478422173424,"score_spread":0.20103864214756784,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2140122241","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9975556,0.00043836387,0.0006489722,0.00032899858,0.0007636414,0.000048061644,0.0000055334745,0.000021224276,0.00018961824],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99930954,0.0000073840624,0.00036957243,0.00003343689,0.00023389391,0.000002075886,0.0000016423438,0.0000350685,0.0000073935303],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99917954,0.00000626301,0.00029688553,0.00006556381,0.000093003226,0.00035876184],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99943346,0.000064608874,0.0000050615226,0.00013185959,0.000035954425,0.00032904695],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002810679,0.00013029498,0.00023023548,0.00021288607,0.000023252718,0.000039218154,0.00025890124,0.00008703052,0.00006115817],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008176467,0.000113110356,0.00007525536,0.00018492754,0.00003884868,0.000089330766,0.0000048844963,0.000857628,0.0000025461825],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000048736215,0.0000054432517,0.00011499255,0.00001473369,0.000029971774,0.00006802465,0.0002671764,0.07203944,0.92618185,0.00079490885,0.00016061515,0.0003179454],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0021372137,0.000057309706,0.00018692279,0.0000945053,0.000047419864,0.00048575265,0.000022981329,0.6392554,0.3425682,0.00021303669,0.0144867785,0.00044446663],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0026202858,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009454098,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5836137,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013596224,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009634382,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.52756083},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2140236468","doi":"10.1002/cjce.21893","title":"Online monitoring, simulation and prediction of multiphase flows","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Multiphase flow; Transient (computer programming); Context (archaeology); Steady state (chemistry); Computer science; Flow (mathematics); Volumetric flow rate; Volume (thermodynamics); Population; Control theory (sociology); Model predictive control; Mechanics; Simulation; Control (management); Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Physics","score_opus":0.00814688613793155,"score_gpt":0.18967127864751634,"score_spread":0.1815243925095848,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2140236468","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.995824,0.00048495748,0.0033263708,0.00002843974,0.00025397114,0.000046187397,0.000009339519,0.000012795406,0.000013969511],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99806976,0.0000064367528,0.0017130442,0.0000026365472,0.00018715743,8.625033e-7,0.0000015994773,0.000015751031,0.0000027778015],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995508,0.000002514969,0.0002176008,0.00003268747,0.00007119942,0.00012520191],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99961513,0.000046691446,0.000028935881,0.00006266584,0.00006865457,0.00017791719],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006992745,0.00007070522,0.00010408579,0.00008663452,0.000016935313,0.000020370313,0.00007659726,0.000047673995,0.00000840772],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006931068,0.000058362577,0.000031588952,0.0000665476,0.000014836324,0.000105181934,0.000004545179,0.00017819052,4.573258e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[5.842545e-7,0.000001930551,0.00023357489,0.000022139666,0.0000179298,0.0000014499147,0.00011497703,0.8257456,0.17255889,0.000015153141,0.000013727594,0.0012740451],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00015938182,0.000009588112,0.0012616842,0.00007172016,0.000011868684,0.000016087912,0.00000835717,0.9860557,0.012238748,0.00002408247,0.00009596445,0.00004682296],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00038038768,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000031225845,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.16032015,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007457491,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000026539034,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.23799567},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2140286175","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20417","title":"CFD modelling of a bubble column with an external loop in the heterogeneous regime","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior","keywords":"Coalescence (physics); Bubble; Drag; Turbulence; Mechanics; Breakup; Computational fluid dynamics; Physics; Loop (graph theory); Inlet; Materials science; Geology; Mathematics; Geomorphology","score_opus":0.00721572331244778,"score_gpt":0.1634225971975898,"score_spread":0.15620687388514204,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2140286175","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9891541,0.00025613615,0.0102560185,0.000053488355,0.00013735304,0.00005528785,0.0000028274994,0.000008709416,0.00007608199],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99709135,0.0000033186234,0.0027231511,0.000020266752,0.00012587183,0.000001927703,5.8125676e-7,0.000029476152,0.0000040306795],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992599,0.000007262098,0.00025643856,0.00005908416,0.00015240777,0.00026491986],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99946797,0.000049929375,0.000043753425,0.00019250864,0.000051114424,0.00019471609],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00031337695,0.00011383185,0.00016646473,0.0001045716,0.000026973461,0.0000488149,0.00041863925,0.00006585568,0.000008249144],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001954509,0.00007639272,0.00005058103,0.00014610477,0.000043654254,0.00008876504,0.0000057438906,0.0006313734,4.1563084e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005958938,0.0000035942371,0.000053990883,0.000017093724,0.000015554733,0.00006009574,0.00040101755,0.90108544,0.09785013,0.00033722806,0.0000063878792,0.00016353154],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00021013708,0.00003436842,0.00002078334,0.00009672535,0.000015482305,0.00064890255,0.000016789245,0.97708124,0.021528102,0.00013954089,0.000096470445,0.00011145246],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013152938,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002995267,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07632203,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006110063,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010589127,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.31152046},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2140300897","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20351","title":"Numerical studies on effects of bubbles regular array on the liquid‐phase turbulence","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Drag; Mechanics; Turbulence; Physics; Added mass; Bubble; Classical mechanics; Reynolds number; Two-phase flow; Turbulence kinetic energy; Lift (data mining); Flow (mathematics)","score_opus":0.005399567160762797,"score_gpt":0.1958150816084142,"score_spread":0.19041551444765142,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2140300897","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99707896,0.0006396567,0.00066652166,0.0005015674,0.0009227198,0.00007357192,0.0000026242526,0.000017655477,0.000096751006],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994351,0.000012215037,0.00021321062,0.000065765715,0.0002346447,0.0000034287912,3.120325e-7,0.000029512958,0.000005808993],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992208,0.000010462875,0.00027457788,0.00006870678,0.00017313434,0.000252304],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99897933,0.00046002193,0.000056318073,0.00021946161,0.000066420136,0.00021846818],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002835185,0.00015494246,0.00023423835,0.00009340646,0.000050137794,0.000021772445,0.00035024865,0.00006972941,0.000006385217],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00069798384,0.00009386991,0.000102584556,0.00014053148,0.00008000486,0.000037606613,0.0000070009005,0.00073669635,0.0000023644507],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013858937,0.000009139454,0.0000016090922,0.000080736034,0.00011399817,0.00003393946,0.00054066675,0.1715437,0.8227652,0.004418917,0.0002686138,0.00020962067],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00027824365,0.00015624166,0.000010346895,0.00040826658,0.000031778716,0.000054398148,0.000017712282,0.05289291,0.9452721,0.00017649711,0.000547834,0.00015371334],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000043989043,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003797177,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.122506864,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009215386,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000066806206,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3827904},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2141616324","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450810356","title":"Combined PIV/PTV‐Measurements for the Analysis of Bubble Interactions and Coalescence in a Turbulent Flow","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","keywords":"Bubble; Coalescence (physics); Turbulence; Mechanics; Physics; Materials science","score_opus":0.012771439126955823,"score_gpt":0.19607575828420876,"score_spread":0.18330431915725293,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2141616324","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9818131,0.0011091768,0.016410893,0.00022421953,0.00025220827,0.00012308799,0.000008881392,0.000006655135,0.000051815496],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99905527,0.000010587075,0.0008854825,0.000012982306,0.00001563515,0.0000039011693,9.276346e-7,0.000011093326,0.0000041498743],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994646,0.0000061391634,0.00024191118,0.00004328659,0.00008039655,0.00016370435],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995722,0.00013115998,0.000034533216,0.000091350994,0.000057949128,0.000112760885],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00029241253,0.00007711294,0.00017098422,0.00018181192,0.000028518747,0.000022955717,0.00012778139,0.000026507041,0.0000075942307],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013073672,0.000055831664,0.00007947666,0.0002886979,0.000023113513,0.0000438241,0.0000034987604,0.00018315576,9.419065e-8],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000044133294,0.000004268393,0.00046759142,0.000026525422,0.00032167058,0.0000026105963,0.00028670538,0.9562931,0.041941702,0.00031520746,0.000054477812,0.0002817372],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00028645172,0.000007562547,0.0007288841,0.00007631915,0.00019375066,0.000017366146,0.000026797325,0.98832893,0.009885679,0.000039478775,0.0003313425,0.000077459576],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00025144024,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011774447,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.032056026,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014192011,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000057517987,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.22767492},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2141652170","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20338","title":"Intensified operation of slurry bubble columns using structured gas injection","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Sparging; Bubble; Slurry; Fraction (chemistry); Mechanics; Materials science; Homogeneous; Secondary air injection; Chromatography; Chemistry; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Thermodynamics; Composite material; Physics; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.005426874663220668,"score_gpt":0.17163243771592757,"score_spread":0.1662055630527069,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2141652170","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99393356,0.00009968374,0.0047773635,0.00003460897,0.0010299679,0.00004458326,0.0000041803605,0.000013972657,0.0000620618],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973401,0.0000011650008,0.002406322,0.000010828802,0.00021062516,4.5367227e-7,0.0000016080531,0.000024754725,0.000004137117],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994059,0.000003842904,0.00026990383,0.00004589835,0.00009549643,0.00017891281],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99952835,0.00002453039,0.000045777706,0.000106454965,0.00012012583,0.0001747653],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015810988,0.000093392264,0.00015267923,0.00012546303,0.000043079675,0.000038841263,0.00014913682,0.00009240163,0.000021828917],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011070609,0.00008223889,0.000058021098,0.00012734068,0.000032936634,0.00009854881,0.000006891762,0.0004862512,4.1799458e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000015376651,5.9167496e-7,0.000027172033,0.000012907461,0.000017633616,0.0000027980632,0.00015014115,0.34333733,0.65593034,0.00032182003,0.00003707412,0.0001606806],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00014470797,0.000011090494,0.000076582175,0.000041992513,0.000021447544,0.00023901873,0.00001715596,0.7895197,0.20955317,0.00010952408,0.00017006732,0.0000955101],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009950344,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0015391092,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.44637716,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012324266,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014297327,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.33536047},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2142038135","doi":"10.1002/cjce.21885","title":"Monitoring silicone oil droplets during emulsification in stirred vessel: Effect of dispersed phase concentration and viscosity","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Silicone oil; Materials science; Viscosity; Drop (telecommunication); Silicone; Emulsion; Phase (matter); Rheology; Continuous phase modulation; In situ; Biological system; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Diffraction; Optics; Composite material; Chromatography; Mechanics; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Computer science; Physics","score_opus":0.003178619291198764,"score_gpt":0.1839911555957595,"score_spread":0.18081253630456073,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2142038135","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99898535,0.000514698,0.00018614654,0.00006097962,0.00016235025,0.00006113838,0.0000020925543,0.0000115619005,0.000015661473],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997898,0.000021711056,0.00008655526,0.0000011224483,0.00007522171,0.0000043073446,0.0000011369376,0.000018017137,0.0000021464532],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993657,0.000011036924,0.00027902742,0.000059321257,0.00008744962,0.00019746317],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995792,0.000069768204,0.000046877147,0.000084363746,0.00003703786,0.00018275659],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014614797,0.00010705533,0.0001893058,0.00007203608,0.000025174018,0.000030541916,0.00010309689,0.000053840322,0.000004307537],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000082840175,0.00009181945,0.000034587658,0.000117030315,0.000028616989,0.00016060544,0.0000059405475,0.00022905167,5.035117e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000059792123,0.0000030346196,0.0012642198,0.000111584115,0.00001767508,0.0000053732465,0.0002920252,0.03708727,0.95944196,0.000013494198,0.0000023597368,0.0017550371],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000990997,0.000023890649,0.005828822,0.0002617062,0.0000174609,0.00002653797,0.000014728664,0.34071758,0.6519981,0.00000630542,0.000004101914,0.00010978217],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00058443414,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000039820818,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3074439,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018204178,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000027014072,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.37442887},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2142525684","doi":"10.1080/01919510108962014","title":"Development of Transient Back Flow Cell Model (BFCM) for Bubble Columns","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ozone Science and Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Transient (computer programming); Ordinary differential equation; Flow (mathematics); Mathematics; Differential equation; Bubble; Transient response; Algebraic equation; Algebraic number; Simple (philosophy); Applied mathematics; Mechanics; Mathematical analysis; Physics; Nonlinear system; Computer science; Geometry; Engineering","score_opus":0.010204537867801,"score_gpt":0.18220770148191304,"score_spread":0.17200316361411203,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2142525684","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5312827,0.00014664259,0.46713072,0.000006465623,0.000121662204,0.000100601894,0.000003147405,0.000044991546,0.0011630843],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7910192,0.000079751684,0.20875019,0.000005771528,0.000013385662,0.000014369362,0.0000014830291,0.000016570357,0.000099264915],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99922156,4.832854e-7,0.00016838658,0.00014719197,0.00015813218,0.0003042277],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997406,0.000009876109,0.000009456621,0.000096161166,0.000051511444,0.00009241067],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024557105,0.0001006318,0.00011864346,0.00009154411,0.00007526586,0.000028976052,0.00011820254,0.000029153845,0.000004079091],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000072721223,0.000108044485,0.000021469981,0.0002728238,0.0000252211,0.00015539577,0.000019892901,0.00004605021,0.000002272625],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000001104246,0.0000060061207,0.0000053096555,0.000083202896,0.000002374904,2.4966144e-7,0.0004511536,0.65534985,0.34168586,0.000091924914,0.00003408242,0.0022888992],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00018706934,0.00001062827,0.00008348718,0.000030101975,0.0000036933347,0.000002174526,0.00003893393,0.9777447,0.01862269,0.00000802046,0.003131989,0.00013653039],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000016821801,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000061127207,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.32306316,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000056441924,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000054899967,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.44059265},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2142784028","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450830417","title":"A Study on Hydrodynamics and Heat Transfer in a Bubble Column Reactor with Yeast and Bacterial Cell Suspensions","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Heat transfer; Bubble; Thermodynamics; Heat transfer coefficient; Slurry; Yeast; Materials science; Mechanics; Chemistry; Physics","score_opus":0.004244927097458869,"score_gpt":0.1546428033736492,"score_spread":0.15039787627619033,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2142784028","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99947727,0.000110170215,0.0000782892,0.00007806725,0.00006449747,0.00009815868,0.000005022622,0.00000902174,0.00007949162],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997372,0.000005901624,0.00012708847,0.000010197969,0.000085938125,0.0000018323352,7.7850945e-7,0.000027453989,0.0000035838286],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99946713,0.0000057104317,0.00017236934,0.00006957018,0.00007785723,0.0002073774],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996204,0.00003412433,0.000005445662,0.00007693806,0.000016201919,0.00024694172],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011629609,0.00011518518,0.00016677877,0.00011067413,0.000022477856,0.00004807702,0.000076295204,0.000044336575,0.0000043610376],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000011188504,0.00009061214,0.000018040575,0.00008754992,0.000022688779,0.00006624154,0.0000050516323,0.00031539283,3.7120506e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000069396054,0.00004399619,0.0013145459,0.000040940846,0.00007020674,0.00021577212,0.003190007,0.30125478,0.6933206,0.00017378824,0.00003837745,0.0002676367],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005193882,0.0005250622,0.009888403,0.00051818514,0.00012843526,0.00081936887,0.00037092858,0.9452733,0.03540101,0.000012490732,0.0010503047,0.0008186438],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00041008936,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007352085,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6579195,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014449522,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005657014,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4102636},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2142998845","doi":"10.1016/j.jnnfm.2008.11.011","title":"Motion and shape of bubbles rising through a yield-stress fluid","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":127,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Dimensionless quantity; Mechanics; RADIUS; Yield (engineering); Elasticity (physics); Physics; Materials science; Classical mechanics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.014121020786473981,"score_gpt":0.20959989508828222,"score_spread":0.19547887430180824,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2142998845","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.743858,0.002691882,0.2521552,0.0000681445,0.0007006547,0.00009828194,0.000017153967,0.000033484237,0.00037722124],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97477436,0.0052063726,0.019685071,0.000039458897,0.00020989055,0.0000011789773,0.000002098135,0.00005423786,0.000027341493],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99851197,0.000020061658,0.000701005,0.0001425205,0.00033458445,0.0002898687],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99921995,0.00006907778,0.00019555683,0.00018816692,0.00019648013,0.00013078073],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002849587,0.00022596617,0.00045560196,0.00019304678,0.00010313641,0.000029723318,0.0002052058,0.00016292595,0.00002532598],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000691382,0.00021796832,0.0001561942,0.00021274014,0.000029294266,0.00039961754,0.000053388005,0.000299108,0.000002856985],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000047675396,0.00008760831,0.0002593745,0.00029003332,0.00018080088,0.00016933907,0.0019758337,0.020072386,0.96651936,0.0011879568,0.00075736793,0.008452273],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00068590825,0.00023229697,0.00044962953,0.0005788002,0.00007425719,0.0007897743,0.00021669776,0.9279597,0.06760936,0.0008153658,0.00032803314,0.0002601827],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000018052133,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007776746,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9078873,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000083646424,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000053636995,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.888849},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2144134242","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22385","title":"Power consumption, gas holdup, and mass‐transfer coefficient of triple‐impeller configurations in a stirred vessel with vertical tubular coils","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Baffle; Impeller; Mechanics; Electromagnetic coil; Materials science; Planar; Axial compressor; Mass transfer coefficient; Power (physics); Power consumption; Dispersion (optics); Mass transfer; Rotation (mathematics); Rotational speed; Thermodynamics; Mechanical engineering; Physics; Optics; Engineering; Electrical engineering; Geometry; Mathematics; Gas compressor","score_opus":0.008357165419795526,"score_gpt":0.17731119866747014,"score_spread":0.1689540332476746,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2144134242","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98588145,0.00082770165,0.01272927,0.00020692339,0.00016174001,0.00008267194,0.000008840524,0.000009433542,0.000091963826],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996148,0.0000100652205,0.00031267334,0.000014487344,0.000019625242,0.0000018521071,0.0000016568686,0.000020708587,0.0000041722997],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.999269,0.000008373802,0.0002959131,0.000061068815,0.00014279028,0.00022282392],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993791,0.00004371415,0.0000127548665,0.00009260787,0.00009789029,0.00037393253],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021351683,0.000112033966,0.00020448162,0.00013742437,0.000015211698,0.00003066355,0.00011109174,0.00006312827,0.000015365402],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007784309,0.0000880792,0.000029127554,0.0001370497,0.00007827082,0.000064690634,0.000003592575,0.00027040864,8.512588e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000048435686,0.000014984798,0.00078271684,0.00008261881,0.00011186047,0.00010082365,0.0016462845,0.55559754,0.43869758,0.002346934,0.0005096303,0.000060596973],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0031012811,0.00011714567,0.0010316537,0.00047737654,0.0000804687,0.00040948638,0.00012632416,0.89553565,0.09703754,0.000095795156,0.0015867401,0.00040056658],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009906843,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000099822464,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.34166005,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013297798,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018413251,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.35917655},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2144447559","doi":"10.1002/ceat.201200425","title":"Using Tomography to Characterize the Mixing of Non‐Newtonian Fluids with a Maxblend Impeller","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering & Technology","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Baffle; Impeller; Mixing (physics); Shear thinning; Non-Newtonian fluid; Materials science; Mechanics; Reynolds number; Newtonian fluid; Xanthan gum; Agitator; Rheology; Composite material; Turbulence; Mechanical engineering; Physics; Engineering","score_opus":0.00467002533603709,"score_gpt":0.1749667396293537,"score_spread":0.1702967142933166,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2144447559","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.88632256,0.00016102946,0.112360895,0.0002067464,0.00011880987,0.00025742588,0.000004677471,0.00044201734,0.0001258557],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9576173,0.000010329472,0.042147785,0.000026879552,0.000040576513,0.00006949667,0.000003309098,0.0000734497,0.000010909859],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.998932,0.0000019839517,0.00026883913,0.00021983679,0.0001115892,0.00046576132],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999369,0.000027606568,0.000025211779,0.00041985553,0.00006782594,0.00009044825],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00005355648,0.00024768227,0.00029567338,0.00034375663,0.000028351666,0.000023356324,0.0003699924,0.00020405978,0.000024940218],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000027717679,0.00019486141,0.000061008563,0.0010339397,0.000073117786,0.000077157936,0.000110904846,0.00033718577,0.0000120025825],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000024059277,0.000008274518,0.0001130926,0.00007258787,0.000055275796,0.000003128319,0.00007150001,0.0163797,0.9813901,0.0001861495,0.00006373301,0.0016540397],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00019603384,0.000033129716,0.00034475312,0.00014496302,0.000020241248,0.000045411067,0.00003361794,0.56789726,0.4300147,0.0000310371,0.0009578107,0.00028102496],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000025334333,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.9615574e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.55151755,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000060904462,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012118638,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.79462177},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2145620111","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450820411","title":"Effects of Sand Fraction on Toluene‐diluted Heavy Oil in Water Emulsions in Turbulent Flow","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Devon Energy (Canada); Natural Resources Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Sauter mean diameter; Breakage; Materials science; Toluene; Emulsion; Oil droplet; Log-normal distribution; Volume fraction; Light scattering; Particle-size distribution; Coalescence (physics); Composite material; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chromatography; Particle size; Chemistry; Scattering; Optics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.0027834477690244076,"score_gpt":0.16176332627730866,"score_spread":0.15897987850828427,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2145620111","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99863565,0.00032559634,0.0004997784,0.00023246705,0.00020739905,0.000035018023,9.904292e-7,0.000008485051,0.00005459128],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99951917,0.000014640905,0.0003532623,0.000024841784,0.000060842307,0.0000022647,0.0000012396672,0.000021557447,0.0000021792673],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993035,0.0000059149265,0.00027742746,0.00005402409,0.000099627316,0.00025950983],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996681,0.00005255772,0.000019169021,0.00007894703,0.000020832416,0.00016036851],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012500513,0.00010704171,0.00018833237,0.0002531055,0.000013561372,0.000013598512,0.00011983829,0.00007737339,0.0000049721853],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000053857606,0.00008011581,0.000054818596,0.0001383033,0.000013076199,0.000060925988,0.0000050178487,0.00042720878,0.0000015632465],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000056179233,0.000006015697,0.0000104756455,0.000049411763,0.000009874858,0.000059629314,0.00023489683,0.7068553,0.2923743,0.000038742248,0.0000073972506,0.00034830056],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009387009,0.00002852783,0.00036473107,0.0007803573,0.0000116996835,0.00006003692,0.0000061194637,0.18694696,0.8104686,0.00014050836,0.00010472588,0.00014904111],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009639818,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004900906,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.51990837,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00053298357,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000052340038,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.32670277},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2146791847","doi":"10.1016/j.biortech.2008.07.069","title":"CFD simulation of mixing in anaerobic digesters","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Bioresource Technology","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":163,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Hydromantis Environmental Software Solutions (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Mixing (physics); Computational fluid dynamics; TRACER; Anaerobic digestion; Mixing patterns; Anaerobic exercise; Full scale; Scale (ratio); Environmental science; Complete mixing; Mechanics; Process engineering; Computer science; Engineering; Chemistry; Mass transfer; Physics; Methane","score_opus":0.008478896539874927,"score_gpt":0.1979506424246304,"score_spread":0.18947174588475546,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2146791847","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.994445,0.0003441958,0.0043736226,0.000031964777,0.00004946636,0.000070057344,0.0000014023594,0.00029512413,0.0003891526],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988822,0.000036458998,0.0010233538,0.000006305894,0.000008593884,0.000004293555,0.0000023537848,0.000018390248,0.00001807936],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99949265,0.000004490642,0.00018049039,0.000101297046,0.00004969213,0.00017136747],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99975944,0.00002280734,0.000021846035,0.00016896412,0.000011648561,0.000015275953],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00003984432,0.00008073801,0.00013569846,0.00045523266,0.000019848312,0.0000017398393,0.00011436893,0.00015161771,0.0000039366464],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000021468697,0.00008880287,0.00002381026,0.0004191305,0.00007602756,0.00002762823,0.000029849367,0.000112544505,0.0000052076875],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004859328,0.00002124162,0.043800253,0.000031769243,0.0000124219105,0.000028536995,0.00039675794,0.8444145,0.104166575,0.00095544563,0.000029046636,0.006138607],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00056341087,0.00006059183,0.0287534,0.00006522113,0.000005712085,0.00002318064,0.00016163691,0.9519032,0.015247189,0.0002455455,0.0027110141,0.0002598648],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000014932221,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000019706316,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.10748875,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000042837757,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000048914267,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3621276},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2147765428","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20333","title":"Gas holdup in a two‐phase reversed flow jet loop reactor","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Nozzle; Volumetric flow rate; Draft tube; Mechanics; Annulus (botany); Flow (mathematics); Loop (graph theory); Jet (fluid); Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Materials science; Physics; Composite material","score_opus":0.0053002320355053974,"score_gpt":0.19312905246345874,"score_spread":0.18782882042795335,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2147765428","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9979934,0.00015380968,0.0005625523,0.00018605897,0.00077990885,0.00005402768,0.000009200204,0.000023815377,0.0002372459],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979728,0.0000042037195,0.0016502002,0.000033369393,0.0002874165,0.0000018211689,0.0000023741472,0.000040108327,0.000007748926],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991377,0.0000049705,0.00030754853,0.00007022275,0.00011646169,0.00036310276],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992667,0.00006309737,0.000032739976,0.00017653868,0.000042692405,0.00041822423],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002980784,0.00014897875,0.0002068341,0.0001974994,0.000020249065,0.000051246014,0.0002923686,0.00007679127,0.000052590192],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00019114603,0.00012463795,0.000084128595,0.00020117486,0.000030085856,0.00010719047,0.0000089188925,0.0009729534,0.0000053512686],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000057902234,0.000006158514,0.000093141454,0.000023487666,0.000027902115,0.00017104742,0.00024439592,0.075658694,0.9212326,0.0003738607,0.00042257286,0.0017403543],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0014051014,0.000015969132,0.00007106406,0.00013266175,0.000022300526,0.0003241772,0.000009743298,0.92470056,0.06913764,0.00012177259,0.003778877,0.00028015286],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00069065986,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0030459869,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.85209495,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017794514,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014535543,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5082588},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2147843001","doi":"10.1002/aic.12758","title":"Impeller characterization and selection: Balancing efficient hydrodynamics with process mixing requirements","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AIChE Journal","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":62,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico","keywords":"Impeller; Mixing (physics); Selection (genetic algorithm); Characterization (materials science); Process (computing); Computer science; Materials science; Engineering; Mechanical engineering; Physics; Artificial intelligence; Nanotechnology","score_opus":0.007764321134915145,"score_gpt":0.19125983412842862,"score_spread":0.18349551299351347,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2147843001","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.87412745,0.00005079147,0.12478498,0.00000755402,0.00019533573,0.000057985264,8.3605426e-7,0.000056789373,0.00071829074],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982854,0.00006697475,0.0014423801,0.000019353829,0.00009735522,0.0000024339613,0.0000030031315,0.00003007845,0.000052989177],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99938095,0.000009334457,0.00017441083,0.000097106255,0.00013236328,0.00020584783],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999755,0.0000042584293,0.000054392425,0.000044092394,0.00006268299,0.000079574245],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001657155,0.00011245194,0.00009862361,0.00008380872,0.00013578864,0.00005796613,0.000056315916,0.0000426811,0.000024714987],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000005612136,0.00009618639,0.000015881893,0.00013815083,0.000012547373,0.000177182,0.000011363687,0.00019895894,0.0000027735637],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001181993,0.00013365781,0.077510744,0.00036632415,0.00039636804,0.000069557114,0.012438694,0.13859311,0.7502956,0.00043787222,0.00006285253,0.019577075],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00036057728,0.00006280378,0.023659732,0.00011578373,0.000027838534,0.00040370878,0.000102718135,0.9725782,0.0024098947,0.00002585042,0.00007422146,0.00017861855],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000026193313,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000069341468,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.83398515,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000067010486,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000019490228,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3922367},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2148534503","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450810309","title":"Experimental Determination of Bubble Coalescence and Break‐up Rates in a Bubble Column Reactor","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Coalescence (physics); Mechanics; Bubble column reactor; Work (physics); Materials science; Physics; Statistical physics; Thermodynamics; Gas bubble","score_opus":0.00537194014187866,"score_gpt":0.18539360156223558,"score_spread":0.18002166142035692,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2148534503","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99765176,0.0012588116,0.0007140113,0.000016462114,0.00016684875,0.000045834393,0.000002651138,0.0000058330593,0.00013776397],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99910337,0.000007783328,0.00083604374,0.000006125776,0.000021135342,0.0000015906461,5.166575e-7,0.000016048854,0.000007411481],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994707,0.0000065243635,0.00022594199,0.00004710661,0.000074418014,0.00017528789],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99967194,0.000047673842,0.000033582175,0.0000637044,0.00003171524,0.00015139797],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016911619,0.00008357763,0.00014493328,0.00010387967,0.000013758636,0.000023405017,0.00009557222,0.000048695085,0.000008436507],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000081387414,0.000077851284,0.000028012379,0.00010948399,0.000032232016,0.000088033245,0.0000046838736,0.00017564304,2.9030053e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000028115912,0.0000041483613,0.00036735865,0.000041426996,0.000008799866,0.000014295344,0.0005404158,0.006782866,0.99135786,0.00060769595,0.000029382652,0.00024294153],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00039563773,0.000021316497,0.0002236241,0.00018528585,0.000008188016,0.00018482964,0.00006667532,0.13835272,0.86011934,0.000065134256,0.00024141892,0.0001358492],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00042052788,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002567542,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.13156985,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016597853,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007916647,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.31746832},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2149004463","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450780309","title":"Gas‐liquid mass transfer in low‐ and medium‐consistency pulp suspensions","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Catalyst Paper (Canada); University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Mass transfer; Mass transfer coefficient; Distilled water; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Mass fraction; Chemistry; Suspension (topology); Materials science; Chromatography; Composite material","score_opus":0.004106213792692615,"score_gpt":0.1570270097200234,"score_spread":0.1529207959273308,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2149004463","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99752295,0.0010250037,0.00031224545,0.00039057405,0.00015185341,0.00004767334,0.0000033868928,0.000015802258,0.0005305304],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995386,0.00006576924,0.00022594344,0.000038232567,0.00008914051,0.0000014136203,9.2243357e-7,0.00002833456,0.000011627097],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99923086,0.0000062339464,0.00028966166,0.00006461878,0.0000935512,0.00031507094],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999459,0.00005385666,0.0000076132997,0.00009822959,0.000023718996,0.00035754277],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018013582,0.000124051,0.00018625669,0.00013497364,0.000031112748,0.000031572043,0.00015537206,0.00007796379,0.00011303785],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000035255747,0.00010464362,0.000055447555,0.00014939673,0.000039949406,0.00008146946,0.000002802771,0.00043358808,0.0000027225233],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000028131853,0.000008110127,0.00014469451,0.0001281085,0.00009733274,0.0004652251,0.001444214,0.41921598,0.57441646,0.0014344055,0.00014337138,0.0024739967],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0022184963,0.0001246291,0.0008181811,0.0016385217,0.00012602509,0.0017282134,0.00010801116,0.8084081,0.17881262,0.0007405894,0.004103296,0.0011733643],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003146571,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00115697,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3956038,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013134717,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010273211,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4267243},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2149567944","doi":"10.1002/ceat.200900440","title":"Computational Fluid Dynamics Study of a Styrene Polymerization Reactor","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering & Technology","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Impeller; Continuous stirred-tank reactor; Computational fluid dynamics; Styrene; Homogeneity (statistics); Polymerization; Materials science; Mixing (physics); Mechanics; Chemical reactor; Volumetric flow rate; Plug flow reactor model; Chemical engineering; Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Polymer; Composite material; Engineering; Copolymer; Physics; Computer science","score_opus":0.0021230090143584987,"score_gpt":0.175469551606,"score_spread":0.1733465425916415,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2149567944","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94170237,0.000038826915,0.0569812,0.000023673094,0.00030166114,0.00011533529,0.000009620396,0.0007401021,0.00008720599],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9940877,0.00000251068,0.005764985,0.000002402212,0.000034182925,0.00002092012,0.00003812453,0.000045195004,0.0000039542706],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992718,0.0000014593447,0.00025936883,0.00016151064,0.000104773615,0.00020106856],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99961996,0.000033413948,0.000025190771,0.00023293239,0.000044031298,0.000044485234],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000038481852,0.00015206523,0.00020781031,0.00025612765,0.000011978236,0.0000075668418,0.00020127236,0.00022155086,0.000014930186],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006839649,0.0001738172,0.00003068818,0.0004039672,0.00003705487,0.00004296001,0.000057558267,0.0003614193,0.0000029215246],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000018760205,0.00007102079,0.0002539884,0.000030609197,0.000033968878,0.0000025310728,0.000046013232,0.119769976,0.8716105,0.006040909,0.0000073001042,0.002131287],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00031281324,0.00003664606,0.00017902013,0.000010250812,0.000011746443,0.0000134017455,0.000030735635,0.90747863,0.09155796,0.00016802721,0.000044053733,0.00015670595],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000006404122,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003999302,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.78770864,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000048505186,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009609586,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.708806},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2149710818","doi":"10.1002/bit.10721","title":"A novel method of simulating oxygen mass transfer in two‐phase partitioning bioreactors","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biotechnology and Bioengineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":98,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Mass transfer coefficient; Mass transfer; Chemistry; Oxygen; Solubility; Phase (matter); Volume fraction; Organic compound; Volume (thermodynamics); Dispersion (optics); Bioreactor; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chromatography; Thermodynamics; Organic chemistry; Physical chemistry","score_opus":0.010367940451768158,"score_gpt":0.2485337322106055,"score_spread":0.23816579175883734,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2149710818","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.49748725,0.0004726987,0.5016632,0.000017851278,0.00007649768,0.0000648777,0.000007638827,0.00015187627,0.000058117268],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9371652,0.000090709014,0.06269416,0.000004270953,0.0000091323045,0.0000074758486,0.0000031668733,0.000024436857,0.0000014502484],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992529,0.000008053814,0.00026447274,0.00016419977,0.000047285797,0.00026309912],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99977165,0.000046432557,0.000012335262,0.000125196,0.000008878078,0.000035524452],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019626511,0.00015427926,0.0002167151,0.00022975694,0.000025703253,0.000008546363,0.000065057706,0.00018689146,0.000005023792],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000026335329,0.00016305075,0.000035729707,0.0003332875,0.000045203906,0.0000647234,0.00001068968,0.00022210814,4.816278e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000024758328,0.000019334055,0.0003829932,0.000056613655,0.000026441847,0.0000033510105,0.000057922593,0.14406833,0.83446723,0.017119145,2.3921555e-7,0.0037959435],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009710426,0.000030673495,0.00019805279,0.00007559457,0.000013349055,0.000024439283,0.000067102534,0.63549566,0.3626872,0.00006140459,0.00018619535,0.00018931023],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000021354183,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000021532946,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4914273,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003045737,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000052236524,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6649017},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2149919653","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20458","title":"Comparison and validation of CFD models in liquid–solid suspensions","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Tekes; Academy of Finland","keywords":"Impeller; Computational fluid dynamics; Drag; Multiphase flow; Experimental data; Simple (philosophy); Computer science; Mechanics; Materials science; Physics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.022407600097445853,"score_gpt":0.20735758447472386,"score_spread":0.184949984377278,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2149919653","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9952935,0.00043323258,0.0037987742,0.0000214964,0.00010438137,0.00003097046,0.000001464454,0.0000066542448,0.0003095284],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988451,0.000008837046,0.0011000636,0.0000043764517,0.000024874753,5.485269e-7,6.303717e-7,0.000014488138,0.0000010975933],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99947363,0.00000432248,0.00027602233,0.000035593952,0.000060594317,0.00014984305],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996786,0.000029355288,0.000032963646,0.000070222035,0.00003701316,0.00015182683],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015487258,0.00007065051,0.00016653704,0.00013501213,0.000011773215,0.000008720399,0.00010953445,0.00004884065,0.000007793601],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000033853514,0.000061170336,0.000029751247,0.00009735683,0.000022758777,0.000085396874,0.000007796619,0.00021602181,2.618854e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008075532,0.000005053206,0.00031150752,0.00003550876,0.000028596338,0.000013908998,0.0020202594,0.7787968,0.2151611,0.0034190663,0.00003450241,0.00016562814],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00015761107,0.000021821304,0.00019813378,0.00012308285,0.000014225616,0.00004146544,0.000025610254,0.7734418,0.22541949,0.00044651484,0.000018519477,0.000091755595],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005589709,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00032707426,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.010258395,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007065713,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000045679793,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.24944538},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2150133115","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450850604","title":"Gas Holdup and Solid‐Liquid Mass Transfer in Newtonian and non‐Newtonian Fluids in Bubble Columns","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Mass transfer; Bubble; Newtonian fluid; Non-Newtonian fluid; Aqueous solution; Shear thinning; Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Viscosity; Chromatography; Rheology; Materials science; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Mechanics; Composite material; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.003391552811323991,"score_gpt":0.16971309562005107,"score_spread":0.16632154280872707,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2150133115","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9919548,0.0010024557,0.0063438066,0.0002619046,0.00014869895,0.00007902749,0.0000037538641,0.000011273804,0.00019428479],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99874055,0.00005212461,0.0010349725,0.000039725077,0.00008439778,0.0000014785609,6.384942e-7,0.00003776563,0.000008364284],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99892724,0.000005106868,0.00038203775,0.000094639,0.00010122353,0.0004897768],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999362,0.000058001206,0.0000128394295,0.00009480325,0.000022994558,0.00044934807],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00049477746,0.0001605165,0.00025365956,0.0003093128,0.000027924056,0.000055568504,0.00015345048,0.00012178401,0.0000072176467],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003368664,0.00015401567,0.000038196296,0.00023287043,0.0000493123,0.0001130411,0.000008118536,0.0005372595,4.9256903e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000191619,0.000003828351,0.0010976138,0.00008217619,0.000025897138,0.00026486677,0.0012358351,0.059194453,0.93721044,0.00021010484,0.000028612722,0.0006269888],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002036358,0.00011203613,0.00631952,0.0007382735,0.000035868645,0.00054068695,0.00013899988,0.87344784,0.1145454,0.00016604787,0.0012537803,0.0006652203],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013969175,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009362445,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8226651,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00026829407,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009323215,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.62805766},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2150320619","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22097","title":"CFD simulation of complete drawdown of floating solids in a stirred tank","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Impeller; Drawdown (hydrology); Computational fluid dynamics; Mechanics; Mixing (physics); Turbulence; Rushton turbine; Drag; Turbine; Flow (mathematics); Physics; Thermodynamics; Engineering; Geotechnical engineering","score_opus":0.006661723397218712,"score_gpt":0.17858329803890133,"score_spread":0.17192157464168262,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2150320619","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9708675,0.00016594268,0.028543523,0.000043714896,0.00015731086,0.00004259301,0.0000057577818,0.00000844461,0.0001651761],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987129,0.0000010554774,0.0011812377,0.0000067094443,0.00007495046,3.2648558e-7,0.0000012477954,0.000020050575,0.0000015483362],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99920845,0.000008624726,0.00043474504,0.000041660685,0.000112695394,0.00019384678],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99947554,0.00015672111,0.00007455395,0.00010110003,0.00006554535,0.00012653496],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003033749,0.000090421236,0.00023661171,0.00017415955,0.000012911479,0.000011101344,0.00017687619,0.00005436476,0.0000075184935],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00022915809,0.000081462415,0.00006342714,0.00017332181,0.000028759254,0.000056980603,0.000007955922,0.00023591948,3.2178946e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000001610685,0.0000011765784,0.00008739261,0.00004994261,0.000012807629,0.0000016352727,0.00023245662,0.7890143,0.2098668,0.0002544257,0.0000065581603,0.00047090376],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00023148731,0.000012342174,0.00027292047,0.00019351333,0.00000965567,0.00000864345,0.0000075846783,0.9798968,0.019035108,0.00010942305,0.00014657178,0.0000759662],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004707749,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00027865748,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1908825,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011492237,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005742604,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.33219406},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2150653363","doi":"10.1002/cjce.21892","title":"Parameter optimisation and validation for droplet population balances","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Max-Buchner-Forschungsstiftung","keywords":"Breakage; Coalescence (physics); Population; Inverse; Transient (computer programming); Mechanics; Mathematics; Simulation; Computer science; Physics","score_opus":0.006024948241190394,"score_gpt":0.17260782214116768,"score_spread":0.16658287389997728,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2150653363","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98871356,0.00017507024,0.01065191,0.0001688961,0.00017674906,0.00008293202,0.0000022560157,0.000011198477,0.000017435656],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9958747,0.0000034134348,0.0039778287,0.000012745706,0.0001036076,0.0000054928164,0.00000538517,0.000013057573,0.0000037645832],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996563,0.000002243226,0.00014551448,0.000031972177,0.00004583446,0.000118105505],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99972415,0.00006240126,0.000023704384,0.000041562205,0.000039560575,0.00010859904],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000094104995,0.000057743873,0.00007797919,0.00005600579,0.000025591302,0.00006737773,0.00005680088,0.000037243197,0.000008165982],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000076758406,0.000046451652,0.000026820513,0.000040041337,0.000008540044,0.00013551934,0.000002050712,0.00008437474,6.0218264e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000021363307,0.0000017384963,0.000912328,0.00009994416,0.000060039452,0.0000012372601,0.00034333803,0.77671415,0.211904,0.0016036519,0.00064689433,0.00771054],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00013946622,0.000008244323,0.001224768,0.000035849178,0.0000143285115,0.000024993928,0.000005239059,0.98279923,0.014700341,0.0007366435,0.00022241575,0.000088459215],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00036402707,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000030373869,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2060851,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000074055155,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000138044625,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.18942434},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2151462498","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450800419","title":"Unconventional Configuration Studies to Improve Mixing Times in Stirred Tanks","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":66,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Impeller; Homogenization (climate); Mixing (physics); Mechanics; Agitator; Clockwise; Materials science; Perturbation (astronomy); Control theory (sociology); Physics; Optics; Computer science; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.010194818495926225,"score_gpt":0.19083993371224303,"score_spread":0.18064511521631682,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2151462498","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98618567,0.0058702105,0.0030937276,0.0017725275,0.0019846759,0.00018183811,0.000011774595,0.000045383935,0.00085420726],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99916065,0.000011112371,0.0005287668,0.000040772156,0.00015703082,0.000003427764,8.3900693e-7,0.000019231411,0.00007816446],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99930304,0.0000048850793,0.00029094386,0.000058644964,0.00010734244,0.00023515782],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995707,0.00006402032,0.000026531656,0.000074081065,0.0000654699,0.0001991459],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017425613,0.000105566396,0.00016377188,0.00017414743,0.000023157214,0.00003925593,0.00014479032,0.000046940364,0.00004710922],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016076872,0.00009118748,0.000053132113,0.00016770307,0.000018375575,0.00009097709,0.0000070639585,0.0002646463,0.000007892057],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000035322835,0.0000051858324,0.000056179655,0.00009093899,0.00013544837,0.00007367363,0.0016847448,0.7279648,0.26306203,0.0015420783,0.0025794914,0.0028018695],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006152072,0.000038530565,0.00016867541,0.00040864828,0.000031745618,0.00010369752,0.000093571005,0.9553385,0.038912736,0.0005160097,0.0034077477,0.00036493526],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000106974505,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00034813548,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.22737367,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00033746316,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000033527253,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.37185177},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2152000782","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450800502","title":"Gas Hold‐Up in Stirred Tank Reactors in the Presence of Inorganic Electrolytes","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Electrolyte; Dispersion (optics); Aqueous solution; Surface tension; Chemistry; Continuous stirred-tank reactor; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Strong electrolyte; Thermodynamics; Materials science; Chromatography; Physical chemistry; Physics; Electrode; Optics","score_opus":0.006053327851760742,"score_gpt":0.157611160680696,"score_spread":0.15155783282893526,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2152000782","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99772763,0.0014814788,0.00009112245,0.000359965,0.00014076565,0.000056183868,0.0000021076626,0.0000071823856,0.00013356571],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99979174,0.000037126843,0.00006338702,0.00001704831,0.00006164595,0.0000015915477,4.25555e-7,0.000019850597,0.000007161042],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991715,0.000012506362,0.00032362193,0.000052803673,0.00013600767,0.0003035453],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995313,0.00015283871,0.00003860707,0.00014134399,0.000025165109,0.000110734414],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00028980558,0.00010795541,0.00017630287,0.00018550277,0.0000126480845,0.000024942321,0.00040970344,0.000060670853,0.000019668445],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021921561,0.00007837794,0.000050172628,0.00038188725,0.000028846933,0.00008331457,0.000007193836,0.00054712367,9.68377e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000046738382,0.000010471675,0.0008685708,0.00006098826,0.000036206347,0.00008570487,0.0029399078,0.16693343,0.8268626,0.0007001128,0.00059609197,0.00090124295],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006541756,0.000042005566,0.001860103,0.0003549314,0.000023342032,0.00026467562,0.00009182152,0.89943695,0.09600015,0.00025795997,0.00071350444,0.00030040304],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005444583,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012825285,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7325035,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018146128,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004564222,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.31961596},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2152518646","doi":"10.1002/aic.12131","title":"Gas‐solid flow distribution through identical vertical passages: Modeling and stability analysis","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AIChE Journal","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Syncrude","keywords":"Flow (mathematics); Stability (learning theory); Mechanics; Distribution (mathematics); Multiphase flow; Thermodynamics; Mathematics; Materials science; Physics; Computer science; Mathematical analysis","score_opus":0.009810507928093798,"score_gpt":0.23731103048405416,"score_spread":0.22750052255596037,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2152518646","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.55553997,0.000080720456,0.44397765,0.000082941544,0.00019067107,0.00001995863,0.000007683182,0.000030830815,0.00006957376],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99555534,0.00017214153,0.0040474827,0.0000183682,0.00017373545,0.0000014978502,0.000016090973,0.0000135072505,0.000001855842],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989922,0.000026176262,0.00037033268,0.0001336022,0.0001971321,0.000280565],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99953645,0.00005068339,0.000015872949,0.00016250525,0.00007614111,0.0001583272],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005399229,0.00012138345,0.0002180138,0.000040803934,0.00013854231,0.00015406578,0.000092182156,0.00011160445,0.000090925554],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017464043,0.000108760316,0.00012428786,0.0001994766,0.000039700248,0.00025725202,0.00003727981,0.0006987046,0.0000054487637],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007452053,0.000259835,0.042836547,0.00013927318,0.002509214,0.00012285696,0.0020230864,0.70284504,0.23186588,0.006673677,0.00089322176,0.009756851],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00017670864,0.000012567023,0.0022938792,0.0000072941493,0.0002810607,0.00005265342,0.00005260717,0.9940235,0.0008171737,0.0020873284,0.000071676484,0.00012352892],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000012146433,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008061292,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.44001535,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000057606772,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016162034,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4435117},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2152682329","doi":"10.1002/ceat.201100351","title":"Design Criteria for Oilfield Separators Improved by Computational Fluid Dynamics","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering & Technology","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Computational fluid dynamics; Separator (oil production); Entrainment (biomusicology); Mechanics; Fluid dynamics; Petroleum engineering; Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Materials science; Engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.008882757187639402,"score_gpt":0.20133834107681783,"score_spread":0.19245558388917844,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2152682329","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.06388723,0.0002181644,0.9339197,0.000042391537,0.00031116453,0.00019102705,0.000029516255,0.0012525509,0.00014821046],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.84160995,0.0000070388874,0.15806215,0.000020424617,0.0000299382,0.00012203895,0.00005803275,0.00007077798,0.000019654277],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.999093,0.0000019759395,0.00024586334,0.00022668956,0.00005212813,0.00038032635],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996093,0.00006435161,0.000018210323,0.00019291774,0.00004523167,0.00007000335],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000679615,0.00021955505,0.00022745902,0.00014851737,0.000025110628,0.000013689777,0.00025441818,0.000295305,0.000017290991],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000060105795,0.00025403514,0.000057352358,0.00020468849,0.000040387014,0.000056553985,0.000046550445,0.00022052939,0.0000058051337],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013204733,0.00002877161,0.0000064604646,0.00009980086,0.00007353503,0.000002844417,0.000054412652,0.041579627,0.9461714,0.0076360954,0.00190662,0.002427242],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00022817292,0.000028772352,0.0000013790032,0.000011940666,0.000010805458,0.000009937643,0.0000058871815,0.7777531,0.2199111,0.0014939869,0.00032748762,0.00021744627],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000025774748,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.595642e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7777227,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012027191,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011183404,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999912},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2153594670","doi":"10.1002/cjce.21957","title":"Hydrodynamics of turbulent bed contactor with non‐Newtonian liquids: Net pressure drop and minimum fluidisation velocity (part 2)","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Pressure drop; Mechanics; Newtonian fluid; Materials science; Turbulence; Non-Newtonian fluid; Critical ionization velocity; Drop (telecommunication); Thermodynamics; Volumetric flow rate; Packed bed; Chromatography; Chemistry; Physics; Mechanical engineering","score_opus":0.003149526339173848,"score_gpt":0.14748255649390501,"score_spread":0.14433303015473117,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2153594670","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9967463,0.00073432893,0.00194082,0.0002381643,0.00013867854,0.00012324691,0.000009581693,0.0000149063235,0.000053948454],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99891424,0.0000162242,0.0008915708,0.000018507868,0.00010498554,0.0000037387454,0.0000037348418,0.000033993187,0.000013016727],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99920875,0.0000058670826,0.0003123084,0.00007587451,0.00013700887,0.00026021534],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99932384,0.000045667763,0.000065217624,0.00013331881,0.000102548234,0.000329409],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012327287,0.00015574026,0.00024050614,0.000090475434,0.000031147545,0.000050386003,0.00017412392,0.00008905019,0.000020394527],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003529691,0.00011951644,0.000047232956,0.000098855664,0.000053307525,0.00014147474,0.000009680348,0.00029081115,8.530814e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016871461,0.00000877903,0.0002762481,0.00026370335,0.0003156466,0.000020381296,0.0012243987,0.29422295,0.7020353,0.00027004868,0.0006892523,0.0006564432],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00036700754,0.000053029744,0.00067064515,0.00019987156,0.00006367435,0.00009356733,0.000016452375,0.97634166,0.021410452,0.000026474368,0.0005813458,0.00017579559],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007255272,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00024431988,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6821188,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000114435265,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010626719,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4873739},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2154298384","doi":"10.1002/aic.12171","title":"CFD simulations of hydrodynamic/thermal coupling phenomena in a bubble column with internals","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AIChE Journal","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Computational fluid dynamics; Mechanics; Bubble; Coupling (piping); Column (typography); Thermal; Materials science; Thermodynamics; Physics; Mechanical engineering; Engineering","score_opus":0.0034370301552365387,"score_gpt":0.1942295511110688,"score_spread":0.19079252095583227,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2154298384","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9921413,0.0000809501,0.006095843,0.00002221471,0.0002418754,0.000058522488,0.00000496163,0.00002398209,0.0013303673],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99795574,0.000016691116,0.0017569136,0.000011038733,0.00014471704,0.0000014553881,0.0000018081344,0.000028770943,0.00008285402],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993226,0.0000052047394,0.0002787081,0.00006871704,0.00012565924,0.0001991298],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996591,0.000048534363,0.000059584843,0.000112465816,0.000052668736,0.00006763005],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022127872,0.00009533256,0.00015470583,0.00013900675,0.00004101485,0.00003899536,0.00013299135,0.000051784424,0.00009591139],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000017651815,0.00008708303,0.000034681616,0.00014288191,0.000024530034,0.00014577385,0.000018626846,0.0005234995,0.0000033759043],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000929851,0.00002224726,0.008181581,0.000012752524,0.000033466316,0.000010786005,0.00028676397,0.85421664,0.13655221,0.00008654435,0.000010463288,0.00057723845],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005266717,0.0000330191,0.00483561,0.00007429067,0.000011329109,0.000046538284,0.000048338068,0.99337435,0.00067858683,0.00010416459,0.00015912623,0.000107978994],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000039097038,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007309902,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1391577,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000045274213,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003107143,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.35511428},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2154310685","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450810307","title":"Identification of Flow Regimes in a Flat Gas‐liquid Bubble Column via Wavelet Transform","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Distributor; Flow (mathematics); Bubble column reactor; Wavelet transform; Bubble; Wavelet; Column (typography); Laser Doppler velocimetry; Mechanics; Continuous wavelet transform; SIGNAL (programming language); Materials science; Acoustics; Computer science; Mathematics; Physics; Discrete wavelet transform; Thermodynamics; Artificial intelligence; Geometry; Gas bubble","score_opus":0.0033365108039501625,"score_gpt":0.1589653928579894,"score_spread":0.15562888205403924,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2154310685","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9840952,0.00076805765,0.014196286,0.00013313183,0.00030934898,0.00009081753,0.000006536637,0.000014108461,0.00038647768],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991937,0.000015512896,0.0006978712,0.00000806862,0.00003994331,0.0000024232272,0.0000013311742,0.000027179296,0.000013924211],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991172,0.0000075603666,0.00044440056,0.00005732027,0.00011602763,0.00025747207],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995573,0.000038699913,0.000045212197,0.0001234476,0.000053354765,0.00018197462],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00037276413,0.00010721117,0.00019641905,0.00017518122,0.000021406953,0.000021979045,0.00018145794,0.00007654368,0.000016259355],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000803145,0.00009997224,0.000077128,0.00023087212,0.000027673506,0.000094811185,0.000002335893,0.00029647764,0.0000012708616],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000066261955,0.0000034027096,0.000012051646,0.00007784393,0.000037984923,0.000019457613,0.00056226575,0.28413078,0.7133444,0.0010035167,0.000095475865,0.00070619694],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00029366685,0.000018783401,0.000014701081,0.00011277658,0.00001767182,0.00011471598,0.00001702217,0.47773552,0.5206191,0.00026231987,0.0006573935,0.0001363619],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00023353178,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00047073443,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.19360474,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024475748,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000117096955,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.40767497},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2154736920","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450800203","title":"Modified volume expansion method for measuring gas holdup","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Airlift; Volume (thermodynamics); Mechanics; Dissipation; Volume expansion; Significant difference; Tube (container); Materials science; Bioreactor; Chromatography; Chemistry; Mathematics; Thermodynamics; Physics; Composite material","score_opus":0.017906640639199833,"score_gpt":0.18580246192561511,"score_spread":0.16789582128641528,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2154736920","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5645714,0.0031661687,0.4291255,0.000716721,0.0013152664,0.0002355394,0.000016944212,0.000106826454,0.0007456827],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9876857,0.000009528386,0.011872203,0.000031530508,0.0002935907,0.000005440074,9.647603e-7,0.000053069598,0.000047975394],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99911535,0.000006684894,0.00029728748,0.000075046664,0.00013116036,0.0003744985],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993051,0.00008358979,0.00003673077,0.00014472191,0.0000770917,0.00035272207],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00033766933,0.0001460645,0.00020952836,0.00014123303,0.000060851056,0.000059555223,0.00027320549,0.000086611166,0.000026336184],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014586846,0.0001251115,0.00013717033,0.00012692453,0.000015683014,0.000096912816,0.000007781424,0.00033156082,0.0000033429087],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002255498,0.0000021663793,0.00000464666,0.000050484996,0.00005039637,0.00001372294,0.0002893192,0.7989948,0.19398941,0.0005042313,0.0011713848,0.004927173],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002547312,0.000011314397,0.0000074116015,0.00007539077,0.000026050648,0.000106508225,0.0000054993475,0.9700275,0.026870636,0.00012780113,0.0023368539,0.0001503166],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00015440713,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000064442436,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.42311433,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024026271,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003660317,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5101899},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2154800606","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450820415","title":"Monte Carlo Simulation of Coalescence Processes in Oil Sands Slurries","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Devon Energy (Canada); Natural Resources Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Asphalt; Monte Carlo method; Coalescence (physics); Oil sands; Drop (telecommunication); Slurry; Mechanics; Materials science; Environmental science; Mineralogy; Petroleum engineering; Geotechnical engineering; Geology; Composite material; Engineering; Physics; Mathematics; Statistics","score_opus":0.005075676480474642,"score_gpt":0.1749836917384673,"score_spread":0.16990801525799268,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2154800606","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9972675,0.0012536092,0.0012169289,0.00006577703,0.00011400279,0.000017334773,0.0000035079113,0.0000102470585,0.000051087864],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995769,0.000018813562,0.00032354333,0.000006944529,0.000053729862,7.8128625e-7,2.6159222e-7,0.000016187983,0.000002804603],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99943906,0.000002001574,0.0002532516,0.000038332753,0.0000942498,0.00017310028],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996561,0.000046510268,0.000034294913,0.00006715127,0.00007357546,0.0001223984],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000105423846,0.00008368068,0.00014484729,0.00012011927,0.000014263355,0.000017766097,0.0001533101,0.00004803108,0.00000225113],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001598271,0.00007179494,0.000034395343,0.00020846481,0.000029120005,0.00009610055,0.0000047332032,0.00021168221,2.7968625e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000019765114,0.0000015589053,0.00010480356,0.000114739356,0.000009299583,0.0000115219245,0.0005320138,0.98110574,0.017795872,0.00006575393,0.0000023437244,0.0002543609],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004342073,0.000015124432,0.00020466284,0.00068055594,0.000015019828,0.000043363598,0.00002892301,0.94541687,0.05275606,0.00009622398,0.00014717958,0.00016180247],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00061172515,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014261667,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03568888,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019135175,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00020626662,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.29277125},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2154828393","doi":"10.1007/bf02701505","title":"Bubble drift velocity from the bed collapse technique in three-phase fluidized beds","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Mechanics; Fluidized bed; Superficial velocity; Two-phase flow; Flow (mathematics); Transient (computer programming); Materials science; Thermodynamics; Physics","score_opus":0.005394778176707367,"score_gpt":0.20325643943744492,"score_spread":0.19786166126073756,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2154828393","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94760865,0.0008558545,0.050792176,0.00019536578,0.00019153387,0.00013925483,0.00001283267,0.000094357114,0.00010997511],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97876036,0.00005525894,0.02063658,0.00003081374,0.00044598102,0.000010092169,0.0000056333342,0.000053246276,0.0000020554628],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987498,0.000009895246,0.0005848048,0.00011388193,0.00022528149,0.00031633428],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99938,0.00016134718,0.00006252328,0.00019900087,0.000054938337,0.0001422047],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003803808,0.00021606196,0.0003539448,0.0001098713,0.000019813597,0.00004067748,0.00036938928,0.00013509033,0.000029436147],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000116277064,0.00017739074,0.00013814935,0.0002692331,0.000025298963,0.00016961792,0.000045054803,0.0006477601,0.0000032328462],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000026915875,0.000039866667,0.0000521368,0.000016540802,0.000054031756,0.00003193345,0.00017946112,0.03365252,0.96260685,0.00016714951,0.00030900727,0.0028635983],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0014136077,0.000022163336,0.000049430215,0.00018848544,0.000023786333,0.000052088035,0.000009322028,0.39894783,0.5978098,0.00018464251,0.0010875962,0.00021123889],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000013530542,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000069004896,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3652953,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020417028,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000031948883,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7233784},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2157840128","doi":"10.1002/ceat.201500071","title":"Power Draw and Gas‐Liquid Mass Transfer Characteristics of a Stirred‐Tank Reactor with Draft Tube Configuration","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering & Technology","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dow Chemical (Canada)","funders":"Dow Chemical Company","keywords":"Draft tube; Impeller; Continuous stirred-tank reactor; Airlift; Mass transfer; Aeration; Sparging; Bioreactor; Rushton turbine; Turbine; Mixing (physics); Mass transfer coefficient; Mechanics; Tube (container); Mechanical engineering; Nuclear engineering; Chemistry; Engineering; Chemical engineering; Waste management; Chromatography; Physics","score_opus":0.003506691391144615,"score_gpt":0.1653559517743619,"score_spread":0.16184926038321729,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2157840128","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.91183907,0.00019827105,0.08677802,0.00014913568,0.00011868277,0.00011506557,0.000016795977,0.0005382982,0.0002466535],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9974261,0.000027609352,0.0024163886,0.0000063791,0.000023803337,0.00001996458,0.000019090125,0.00005279461,0.000007847971],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992058,0.0000020618147,0.0002474182,0.00018178597,0.00010482101,0.00025809417],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99957657,0.000024327723,0.0000158795,0.00021180038,0.00007277736,0.00009866229],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000056191064,0.00019902663,0.00029754057,0.00015679731,0.0000080147365,0.000012283271,0.000120950084,0.00027179075,0.000007204924],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006345857,0.00019386683,0.000024491628,0.0002106438,0.00008475442,0.000068814436,0.000019584773,0.0002886234,0.000002442954],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003092362,0.000012046658,0.00003687278,0.0000819044,0.00004081408,0.000012307618,0.00011435687,0.000814652,0.99575585,0.0026089754,0.000022490902,0.000468814],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008535545,0.00025782257,0.000055744862,0.00014197957,0.00003885947,0.00008007407,0.000046141486,0.09760587,0.8978526,0.0001316474,0.0025009154,0.0004347882],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000019310733,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.973414e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.09790324,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006753462,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000019276984,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.79056597},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2158057272","doi":"10.1016/s1385-8947(99)00148-5","title":"Application of gamma camera imaging and SPECT systems in chemical processes","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Journal","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Gamma camera; TRACER; Tracking (education); Computer science; Biomedical engineering; Nuclear medicine; Physics; Medicine","score_opus":0.0019122933013860713,"score_gpt":0.1651321534389544,"score_spread":0.16321986013756834,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2158057272","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9627551,0.004589332,0.032068774,0.000018221552,0.000084091145,0.00007774355,0.000002806185,0.0000893545,0.00031458418],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976475,0.00027501362,0.0018871675,0.000003075614,0.00014134512,0.0000080136,0.0000027486851,0.00002989948,0.000005202943],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992812,0.0000023421928,0.00029393574,0.0001062235,0.000105972176,0.00021029325],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997466,0.000035868103,0.000021619631,0.00007878115,0.000026090525,0.000091018985],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009082236,0.00012573373,0.00019014238,0.000081739825,0.000010077348,0.000035393867,0.00009817715,0.000044048193,0.00000959258],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003286916,0.00013031729,0.000026339894,0.00017798282,0.000018813666,0.00009905641,0.000011081207,0.00028228303,0.00000180231],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005781448,0.000015138965,0.00046207092,0.0004586252,0.000014623387,0.0000137697525,0.000113346236,0.20503028,0.77953583,0.000086174776,0.000037450693,0.014226935],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00028656356,0.00000328461,0.00015087656,0.0002008724,0.0000074236505,0.00039573462,0.000014393132,0.9445548,0.053714704,0.000026660906,0.00048155437,0.00016310629],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007950356,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.2357503e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.73952454,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007499419,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012306206,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5314185},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2158296563","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450800425","title":"The Influence of Viscosity Ratio on Mixing Effectiveness in a Two‐fluid Laminar Motionless Mixer","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Laminar flow; Mixing (physics); Reynolds number; Viscosity; Materials science; Intensity (physics); Static mixer; Fluorescence; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Mechanics; Aqueous solution; Chemistry; Optics; Chromatography; Turbulence; Composite material; Physics","score_opus":0.004664306345071797,"score_gpt":0.17897386220973838,"score_spread":0.1743095558646666,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2158296563","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.998106,0.00054622017,0.00092837715,0.00008277583,0.00016810025,0.00007368579,0.0000025577972,0.000009535229,0.0000827619],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9998172,0.000014955057,0.000067647634,0.000011224446,0.000060105005,0.0000031917696,2.9297433e-7,0.000021117596,0.0000042724228],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.999217,0.000024074563,0.0002973699,0.000061723316,0.00013817125,0.0002616584],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99933064,0.00028085834,0.000043857737,0.0001468547,0.000060595703,0.00013716608],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000433005,0.00012218615,0.00018282238,0.00012073029,0.000057974867,0.000038408518,0.00028759812,0.000043148604,0.0000037941975],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000174698,0.00008837832,0.00006711696,0.00021711725,0.00004891023,0.00008997212,0.000010069335,0.00039145254,0.0000016881704],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000037266645,0.0000036211338,0.00020347848,0.000035360335,0.000019967878,0.000016176733,0.00019777175,0.8302931,0.16803554,0.00082815724,0.0000131305405,0.0003499532],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00056921074,0.000032148993,0.0063764895,0.0006914455,0.000018876923,0.000079276724,0.000015350228,0.8927739,0.098980926,0.00011450294,0.0001399975,0.00020783638],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00035552811,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00038582637,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.06905462,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00027919802,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000035824527,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.36039636},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2159305603","doi":"10.7202/705496ar","title":"Réduction du modèle ASM 1 pour la commande optimale des petites stations d'épuration à boues activées","year":2005,"lang":"fr","type":"article","venue":"Revue des sciences de l eau","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"","keywords":"Humanities; Forestry; Physics; Chemistry; Philosophy; Geography","score_opus":0.06503724247000355,"score_gpt":0.2864742663349297,"score_spread":0.22143702386492614,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2159305603","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.654375,0.0046685357,0.32406268,0.0021398792,0.00037256166,0.000116565134,0.00002165136,0.00011927193,0.014123871],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6698236,0.0024681154,0.32509273,0.000017197366,0.00039969297,0.000014351574,0.00000846022,0.000019858491,0.0021560243],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987931,0.00009614095,0.00026092422,0.00025747935,0.00014956448,0.00044274284],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993765,0.0002058229,0.00006975641,0.0001391121,0.00009652328,0.000112289825],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006007185,0.00017791802,0.00015621171,0.00016240482,0.0008485803,0.00041117583,0.00021421642,0.0001047579,0.00012407936],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016223575,0.00020112407,0.00007785829,0.0004163644,0.0008224279,0.0013236832,0.000042590676,0.00015035576,0.000070315415],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002899207,0.00006945042,0.0018699603,0.00018230305,0.000019894234,0.000006385741,0.0051963613,0.88112664,0.03257664,0.053298675,0.0004075622,0.025243253],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00013599051,0.00006030311,0.003785856,0.00027961584,0.00003325165,0.00020199952,0.00079008425,0.97761846,0.0028904395,0.0077811913,0.0061889226,0.00023387696],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007874263,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0029554856,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.09649185,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005113956,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012099593,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.82016015},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2160640157","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450790415","title":"Use of ultrasound for phase holdup measurements in multiphase systems","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Syncrude","keywords":"Attenuation; SIGNAL (programming language); Materials science; Phase (matter); Bubble; Ultrasound; Mechanics; Slurry; Range (aeronautics); Intensity (physics); Fluidized bed; Wavelength; Chromatography; Acoustics; Optics; Composite material; Chemistry; Physics; Thermodynamics; Optoelectronics; Computer science","score_opus":0.03757275801914388,"score_gpt":0.223664643752333,"score_spread":0.18609188573318913,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2160640157","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98814446,0.00073011563,0.010535245,0.00001950565,0.00038556004,0.00013461254,0.000019161109,0.00000986727,0.000021452188],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99897426,0.000009554313,0.00087415904,0.0000072372377,0.00009213601,0.0000045010065,0.0000025021573,0.000028927598,0.0000067365722],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991781,0.000005542493,0.00038081082,0.000050894832,0.00011765546,0.00026697761],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993966,0.00013993723,0.00004862707,0.00010783547,0.00008531885,0.00022167599],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00028549155,0.000109964465,0.00020868008,0.00017613926,0.00001703558,0.000041125997,0.00016890676,0.000059572823,0.0000034492914],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000270613,0.000095049225,0.00007441667,0.00015301975,0.000019042978,0.00011708531,0.0000029617288,0.00018730838,2.9254653e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009698981,0.0000078200865,0.00020142588,0.00004854014,0.00003845032,0.000012012859,0.00010603194,0.582319,0.41682604,0.00007391035,0.00011224162,0.0002447887],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0018231757,0.000041057396,0.00006276252,0.00036189135,0.000038651364,0.00021430965,0.000016880016,0.93409055,0.060224213,0.000017445242,0.0028935194,0.00021552727],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007928664,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002835605,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3566018,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024175084,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007526166,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3875995},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2160715829","doi":"10.1139/p10-022","title":"The growth of vapour bubble in a superheated liquid between two phase turbulent flow","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Physics","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Superheating; Laminar flow; Turbulence; Physics; Thermodynamics; Mechanics; Momentum (technical analysis); Flow (mathematics); RADIUS; Two-phase flow; Thermal diffusivity","score_opus":0.007097648639162235,"score_gpt":0.21053974407037437,"score_spread":0.20344209543121214,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2160715829","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9977746,0.00017671548,0.0012176648,0.0001515181,0.00038263004,0.000046952347,0.000024126388,0.0000046341606,0.0002211644],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993139,0.000018600564,0.00030996092,0.0000133607,0.0003096599,7.482465e-7,0.0000032696023,0.000020908368,0.0000096021995],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993301,0.000012352071,0.0002762409,0.00004610528,0.00008996853,0.00024524084],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994193,0.000047589114,0.000045378187,0.000114988514,0.00011644347,0.00025630317],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020734176,0.00009001974,0.00017131014,0.000085882086,0.000049518825,0.000027195736,0.00021018359,0.000039389706,0.000008962652],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000029360683,0.00007452173,0.00007034238,0.00017372756,0.00004022868,0.00009231967,0.0000047876088,0.00040153542,0.00000190421],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015844418,0.00021194672,0.02171429,0.00030322094,0.00096383266,0.00093100703,0.010655792,0.19321696,0.64323026,0.03680214,0.008452341,0.08335973],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.012534538,0.0014058715,0.006606573,0.00075477705,0.00029301242,0.0002706462,0.0005203137,0.6684758,0.2742833,0.018469937,0.014833354,0.0015519042],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0019300511,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.015089464,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.47525883,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000075005955,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00030310254,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.84202754},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2161188308","doi":"10.1002/aic.11010","title":"Measurements and CFD simulations of gas holdup and liquid velocity in novel airlift membrane contactor","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AIChE Journal","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Contactor; Mechanics; Computational fluid dynamics; Airlift; Volume of fluid method; Bubble; Membrane; Multiphase flow; Flow (mathematics); Velocimetry; Materials science; Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Physics","score_opus":0.014784521237502943,"score_gpt":0.2087515902043755,"score_spread":0.19396706896687255,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2161188308","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.995261,0.00056234695,0.0036416221,0.0000405107,0.000085826134,0.00004758944,0.000008186302,0.000010850865,0.0003420457],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99884826,0.000070486676,0.0009887858,0.000013477513,0.000049401457,4.9304384e-7,0.0000019745871,0.00001192183,0.000015183216],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.999468,0.0000097179145,0.00022504834,0.00005839644,0.000113369206,0.00012544516],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997982,0.00003205443,0.00003104763,0.000050270224,0.000041502994,0.000046920104],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019190209,0.00007664398,0.0001325036,0.00008582103,0.000037848567,0.000023087754,0.00003718109,0.000045646677,0.000009379776],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000025322635,0.000075157244,0.0000183277,0.00006669632,0.000016174308,0.00011394774,0.000013612954,0.00015109198,3.134581e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000030837225,0.000058947604,0.022513572,0.000058761383,0.00005062459,0.0000056647164,0.0003585496,0.16086854,0.8153497,0.00015506963,0.000053980595,0.000495751],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0038804347,0.00013763418,0.21592303,0.00023158165,0.000057343757,0.00011048102,0.000059811864,0.7463402,0.03222834,0.00024465332,0.00043064565,0.0003558238],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000097448865,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003381249,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.78312135,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000046881665,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000018950699,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.30648234},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2161200914","doi":"10.1002/aic.14309","title":"Effect of mixer geometry and operating conditions on flow mixing of shear thinning fluids with yield stress","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AIChE Journal","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Impeller; Mechanics; Particle image velocimetry; Slip factor; Mixing (physics); Shear thinning; Shear stress; Materials science; Flow (mathematics); Newtonian fluid; Non-Newtonian fluid; Axial compressor; Turbulence; Rheology; Geometry; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Physics; Composite material; Mathematics","score_opus":0.0037806854914738596,"score_gpt":0.2021627524256952,"score_spread":0.19838206693422133,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2161200914","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99441975,0.00030701145,0.004321843,0.000025506793,0.00009854324,0.000091696886,0.000008471649,0.000019677771,0.00070751767],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9965114,0.000038346738,0.0033152152,0.000019182615,0.00005734152,0.0000036115914,0.0000023058303,0.000024130462,0.000028449796],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99935025,0.000028333629,0.000231985,0.00007368047,0.00014870959,0.00016701534],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995039,0.00022547915,0.000046523484,0.000093117764,0.00006063859,0.00007030094],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00027547323,0.00011814926,0.00021775343,0.0001346731,0.00009096407,0.000052244457,0.00007139246,0.00005573897,0.00008900575],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000644169,0.000087725275,0.000037533406,0.00011041975,0.000031627453,0.00018337482,0.000019234383,0.0003195907,0.0000021458764],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002009617,0.000032685282,0.018465495,0.0005242079,0.00032093597,0.000019683912,0.0011813082,0.42595017,0.54766744,0.00017128319,0.0007602283,0.0048864842],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012824767,0.001328403,0.016646076,0.0016757329,0.00017763459,0.00021951369,0.00045598106,0.7366267,0.24116108,0.000049853174,0.000015346097,0.00036120994],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000031068834,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000024369003,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.31067652,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001960602,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001006748,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3577333},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2161544258","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450780202","title":"Fluid‐Borne entities in the impeller stream of a rushton turbine","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Rushton turbine; Impeller; Breakage; Turbine; Mechanics; Particle (ecology); Environmental science; Materials science; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Physics; Geology; Composite material","score_opus":0.00361191594172291,"score_gpt":0.15614247965188544,"score_spread":0.15253056371016252,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2161544258","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9970145,0.001370039,0.000069368165,0.00021019872,0.00014612352,0.000047502617,0.000007149726,0.00000861657,0.0011264975],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996251,0.000038982816,0.0001270628,0.000029031304,0.000118996664,0.0000013632309,0.0000014911567,0.000020151045,0.00003785889],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99926496,0.000007843265,0.00030540235,0.000043780987,0.00013020851,0.00024783734],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996341,0.00006019996,0.000023713625,0.0001401231,0.000026767524,0.00011510909],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002438581,0.000110417284,0.00017131414,0.00010988462,0.0000191426,0.000030236037,0.0003306062,0.00005517261,0.00013419583],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000032837146,0.000074624935,0.00008274009,0.00018987803,0.000037013546,0.000067388915,0.000004510261,0.00033751913,0.000002613095],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012861307,0.000014178492,0.00013346334,0.00011585492,0.00011407168,0.00009883749,0.003712906,0.8315283,0.15526484,0.0023403377,0.0018624432,0.004801931],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0016861042,0.00011485069,0.0023950164,0.00086723524,0.00012495251,0.0007703071,0.00032675813,0.83459115,0.13865793,0.0008424269,0.01884456,0.0007787215],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010588405,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00052327965,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.016982116,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000104161576,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000695986,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.30431166},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2161708617","doi":"10.1115/pvp2014-28458","title":"Simple Model for Bubble-Wall Interaction","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Mechanics; Drag; RADIUS; Ellipsoid; Drag coefficient; Trajectory; Compression (physics); Falling (accident); Deformation (meteorology); Flow (mathematics); Physics; Simple (philosophy); Classical mechanics; Materials science; Meteorology; Thermodynamics; Computer science","score_opus":0.012346624382241945,"score_gpt":0.22577491576217415,"score_spread":0.21342829137993222,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2161708617","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.052122984,0.000005311586,0.93217504,0.000020205136,0.00011752244,0.000050209732,0.0000012205078,0.00015560933,0.015351915],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9914284,0.0000035052722,0.007599084,0.00007872134,0.000037367998,0.000011602146,0.000008311203,0.000015154957,0.0008178555],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99977386,0.0000010828624,0.000061582716,0.00005082133,0.000022090833,0.00009057971],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99987495,0.000020219208,0.0000038854832,0.00006757995,0.000012330383,0.000021006183],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00004226133,0.00004285326,0.000044488603,0.000020782683,0.000016945776,0.000014324092,0.00003158781,0.000021911545,0.000014189262],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000007112831,0.00004103024,0.000024375155,0.000015183278,0.0000012594483,0.000060080616,0.0000058274995,0.000027354608,0.000014174321],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000016090257,0.0000027941685,0.00001225951,0.000018231023,0.000005154434,1.989604e-8,0.000039380648,0.965279,0.008992249,0.018071527,0.0036241335,0.003953661],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00010082528,0.0000069644825,0.000009914821,0.000002282508,0.0000024771412,3.243142e-7,0.0000049096684,0.9859605,0.00064663304,0.002690046,0.010518153,0.000056959998],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000012318949,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006385325,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9393054,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000019649264,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000016135679,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.16731647},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2161759231","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20516","title":"Effects of surfactants on hydrodynamics and mass transfer in a split‐cylinder airlift reactor","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":39,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Airlift; Pulmonary surfactant; Mass transfer; Mass transfer coefficient; Chemistry; Sodium dodecyl sulfate; Bubble; Chemical engineering; Chromatography; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Bioreactor; Organic chemistry; Mechanics","score_opus":0.005166087866668203,"score_gpt":0.14868976588010857,"score_spread":0.14352367801344038,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2161759231","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99815387,0.00039630095,0.0010014458,0.000017295408,0.00016919756,0.00006251027,0.000004161539,0.000008789741,0.0001864211],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995146,0.000018502262,0.00039112382,0.000010690599,0.000031467418,9.816146e-7,3.9081155e-7,0.00003040846,0.000001843311],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99934125,0.0000064280807,0.00026177178,0.000060025024,0.0000923962,0.00023810676],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995663,0.00008941941,0.000018202292,0.00008641995,0.000022198818,0.00021745637],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001506247,0.0001260573,0.00021314937,0.00015626923,0.0000092470655,0.000009924069,0.00014488149,0.00008610166,0.0000049637906],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005221654,0.00010412355,0.00005242956,0.0001101542,0.000029205725,0.000057251007,0.0000035825553,0.0003680188,4.506846e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003395496,0.000016330412,0.0007608822,0.0003797118,0.0001246277,0.00019777726,0.0021248795,0.07045258,0.92272955,0.0023514857,0.000010908719,0.0008173119],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011611156,0.00008795839,0.006656261,0.00073873793,0.000060049766,0.000094204814,0.000020395952,0.65901595,0.33136562,0.00032937145,0.000076668046,0.00039364598],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00033645766,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00025400033,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5913639,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001218335,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005419233,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.42460352},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2162003406","doi":"10.1115/1.4003855","title":"Liquid Turbulence Kinetic Energy Budget of Co-Current Bubbly Flow in a Large Diameter Vertical Pipe","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Fluids Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Turbulence; Turbulence kinetic energy; Dissipation; K-omega turbulence model; Mechanics; K-epsilon turbulence model; Kinetic energy; Drag; Turbulence modeling; Bubble; Energy budget; Physics; Thermodynamics; Classical mechanics","score_opus":0.007854678522362202,"score_gpt":0.1992530777428355,"score_spread":0.19139839922047328,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2162003406","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.63262755,0.0035042525,0.36262858,0.0000055065175,0.0009347865,0.00004117764,0.000008192464,0.000038581325,0.00021136616],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9925085,0.0006357385,0.0066555073,0.000009273973,0.00013509151,0.0000034526154,0.0000015557371,0.00004729251,0.0000036154026],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985484,0.000014943843,0.00070205115,0.00010946039,0.0002442505,0.0003809228],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99950826,0.000056337685,0.00003944329,0.0001707582,0.00007553523,0.00014966769],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00027906528,0.00020661208,0.0003913936,0.0003913633,0.000010692436,0.000012457306,0.00024451787,0.00008899101,0.000041255924],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000081058686,0.00019908047,0.00014716832,0.00022720924,0.000017320413,0.00017810025,0.00003654512,0.0003491035,0.0000025963582],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00018629897,0.0003379215,0.0012739759,0.00072351616,0.00016760912,0.00025420752,0.002302138,0.2695105,0.7166322,0.0028089888,0.00037274923,0.0054299044],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009605177,0.00036704243,0.004423156,0.00060736743,0.00004154217,0.0000757135,0.00001841772,0.91344684,0.07831574,0.000040852443,0.0013535261,0.00034930516],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007392579,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004138455,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.64393634,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009945167,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000026367059,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8118266},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2162344851","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22271","title":"Polydimethylsiloxane microspheres with poly(methyl methacrylate) coating: Modelling, preparation, and characterization","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Polydimethylsiloxane; Microsphere; Characterization (materials science); Coating; Materials science; Methacrylate; Methyl methacrylate; Monolith; Chemical engineering; Polymer chemistry; Polymer science; Composite material; Nanotechnology; Polymer; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Copolymer; Catalysis; Engineering","score_opus":0.008786085241446551,"score_gpt":0.18170660713773723,"score_spread":0.17292052189629067,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2162344851","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9366521,0.0016027234,0.061322834,0.00013246055,0.00014797137,0.00005734529,0.0000049791156,0.00002679161,0.000052754687],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99239546,0.000009083044,0.007376536,0.00002221147,0.00012643573,0.0000015829504,0.0000043685145,0.00003545875,0.000028845676],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99933445,0.000008688019,0.00024288095,0.00007143152,0.00012234261,0.0002201862],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99930537,0.0000343696,0.00005533354,0.000101889316,0.00011333644,0.0003896869],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025803052,0.00013416,0.00017232556,0.00007945431,0.0000366477,0.000087685396,0.00013121753,0.00006743182,0.000004299176],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000041805026,0.00010275846,0.000027554112,0.00014154354,0.000031553373,0.00015273983,0.000007289452,0.0002515873,9.2960323e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014530436,0.0000023210366,0.0001607341,0.000028257235,0.00007086993,0.000013742056,0.001419623,0.6107312,0.38653594,0.00033352667,0.000059498965,0.0006297342],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00033987133,0.000043218217,0.00004191389,0.00008334783,0.00003903632,0.0002030318,0.00002637428,0.89096683,0.10676444,0.00008546445,0.0012050293,0.00020144552],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00046729928,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00012461336,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.28023562,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015529498,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014567973,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.41903684},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2162488878","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450790509","title":"Effect of an unsteady agitation method on drop coalescence characteristics in suspension polymerization of styrene","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Styrene; Coalescence (physics); Materials science; Rotational speed; Drop (telecommunication); Particle size; Suspension polymerization; Suspension (topology); Polymerization; Mechanics; Polymer chemistry; Composite material; Chemistry; Classical mechanics; Copolymer; Physics; Mathematics; Polymer; Physical chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.0042296103678175,"score_gpt":0.21036248716142633,"score_spread":0.20613287679360884,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2162488878","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9901128,0.00008712655,0.0095258085,0.000022378867,0.00015059175,0.00005508996,0.0000046913115,0.0000065979198,0.000034961096],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99927926,0.000010114585,0.0006337743,0.0000070629217,0.000041111754,5.9368784e-7,0.0000065964923,0.000020025696,0.0000014461141],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99931145,0.000027838147,0.00034388652,0.00004968867,0.00011721917,0.00014993829],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99948806,0.00013800625,0.00008349883,0.00009878114,0.00006609419,0.0001255544],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00040460855,0.00009725771,0.00023082086,0.00019836494,0.000010837226,0.000010258801,0.00013190162,0.000059004342,0.0000041670824],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020097745,0.00008183588,0.00003966198,0.00020622707,0.000018804249,0.000078836,0.0000039420624,0.0002000706,2.507309e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000021358554,0.000005051118,0.00020149187,0.000055444925,0.000010668159,0.000016779282,0.00015549432,0.19313239,0.80086327,0.00015706047,0.0000015330409,0.0053794812],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00023673537,0.00012408885,0.00074195064,0.00025079658,0.000014171145,0.00003643065,0.000005616782,0.56092775,0.437576,0.000008669693,0.0000072096705,0.00007059491],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00030458093,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00011373976,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.36779535,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011825226,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000048128084,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.33371705},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2162577192","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450800421","title":"Tracer Dispersion in Stirred Tank Reactors: Asymptotic Properties and Mixing Characterization","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Homogenization (climate); TRACER; Dispersion (optics); Advection; Mixing (physics); Convection; Context (archaeology); Diffusion; Convection–diffusion equation; Mechanics; Characterization (materials science); Materials science; Thermodynamics; Physics; Optics; Geology; Nanotechnology","score_opus":0.010009785287763012,"score_gpt":0.1430298270441051,"score_spread":0.1330200417563421,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2162577192","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99802023,0.0010424522,0.00035400403,0.00030195323,0.00018110004,0.000047536923,0.0000019934193,0.000014894934,0.000035861605],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996916,0.000037014608,0.00012158162,0.0000132811165,0.00009407246,0.0000011672237,0.000001293447,0.000023973038,0.000016040294],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994389,0.000005321788,0.00021715237,0.000053010703,0.00007949692,0.00020611701],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99970096,0.000021076978,0.00002520293,0.000064108106,0.000021931544,0.00016673918],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001070818,0.00010078926,0.0001330587,0.00013741228,0.000025569216,0.000056766356,0.000098491626,0.00005729483,0.000014374402],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006296182,0.000079458914,0.000029422217,0.000120015706,0.000021734171,0.00015881364,0.0000055641626,0.00026301015,0.0000011489225],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002086714,0.0000033455156,0.0004874689,0.000058219834,0.000018899074,0.000024289922,0.0009939937,0.02218249,0.97400177,0.0000671409,0.000029612942,0.0021306842],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00026224664,0.000012379447,0.0017048619,0.00037924715,0.000015125767,0.00012260162,0.000021424446,0.9734362,0.023119312,0.000009388675,0.0007344185,0.00018279794],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008490092,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009347938,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9512537,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017870779,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016781158,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.32402405},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2163359302","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450810345","title":"CFD Simulation of Residence Time Distribution and Mixing in Bubble Column Reactors","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University Grants Commission","keywords":"Mixing (physics); Computational fluid dynamics; Residence time distribution; Bubble; Mechanics; Dispersion (optics); Materials science; Range (aeronautics); Residence time (fluid dynamics); Thermodynamics; Physics; Optics; Flow (mathematics); Engineering","score_opus":0.00417812363297605,"score_gpt":0.16840203675081591,"score_spread":0.16422391311783988,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2163359302","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99642104,0.00045389088,0.0028944386,0.00002206333,0.000078125995,0.00003532843,0.000004718614,0.000006439397,0.00008394971],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997159,0.0000050717645,0.0002359129,0.000002766963,0.000021768537,4.0846575e-7,0.0000016965146,0.000011688042,0.0000047700705],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99948466,0.000007532377,0.00023505675,0.00004033281,0.0000750034,0.00015740909],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99963987,0.000100823796,0.000035031913,0.000061783394,0.000038236856,0.00012424697],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026491206,0.00006815269,0.00012704958,0.00007479155,0.000016158516,0.000018458159,0.00007154056,0.000052250172,0.000006326252],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00027893018,0.00006400809,0.000025827421,0.00014762333,0.000021105196,0.000085134285,0.0000033827466,0.00019118204,4.0000242e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000015460043,0.0000010770227,0.00034402087,0.000025258923,0.000008147774,0.000007265339,0.00012190698,0.8748994,0.12402975,0.00041267887,0.000023400627,0.00012556884],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001941175,0.000009963562,0.0008335249,0.00022158497,0.000011449692,0.000038601207,0.000008783601,0.95605284,0.042049803,0.00019609761,0.00027429685,0.000108919055],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00026630034,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00013346676,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.081979945,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018014715,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006169053,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.26101744},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2163497615","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450810205","title":"Two‐Phase Bubbly Flow Structure in Large‐Diameter Vertical Pipes","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University; McMaster University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; CANDU Owners Group","keywords":"Bubble; Porosity; Materials science; Mechanics; Two-phase flow; Void (composites); Flow (mathematics); Local Void; Composite material; Physics","score_opus":0.003516390923107084,"score_gpt":0.179910151725802,"score_spread":0.17639376080269492,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2163497615","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99246526,0.000849254,0.0056341034,0.000121058314,0.00064175826,0.000049941475,0.000014494948,0.000016018586,0.00020810244],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99737716,0.0000030641065,0.0023502682,0.000084921274,0.00014235135,9.4257973e-7,0.0000013154581,0.000034874516,0.0000051099514],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990801,0.000010794712,0.00029284557,0.00006915893,0.00011815722,0.00042891392],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99940705,0.00005761994,0.000013777697,0.00012610389,0.00003447569,0.00036095464],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019975846,0.00014601319,0.00020268657,0.0001598387,0.000025723808,0.000048608723,0.00019571344,0.00008316761,0.000095799376],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00019289748,0.00011935389,0.00007574143,0.00019079431,0.000022495316,0.000110040106,0.000005642907,0.00057024386,0.000002726692],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007890176,0.000012495035,0.00012858419,0.000049109018,0.000077529294,0.0002984259,0.00058582524,0.665188,0.32634795,0.006228927,0.000592542,0.0004827303],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0019862198,0.00002757932,0.00005826196,0.000116125695,0.00003463786,0.0004556773,0.000017893939,0.8674449,0.1228399,0.00082526903,0.0058274935,0.00036606978],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000871475,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00054200686,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.20350805,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024185282,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00011972442,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.48671106},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2163699587","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450810305","title":"Flow Regime Identification in a Bubble Column Based on both Kolmogorov Entropy and Quality of Mixedness Derived from CAERPT Data","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":42,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"US-UK Fulbright Commission","keywords":"Distributor; Bubble; Mechanics; Entropy (arrow of time); Physics; Thermodynamics; TRACER; Chemistry; Materials science; Nuclear physics","score_opus":0.016539809695729994,"score_gpt":0.20668827352697228,"score_spread":0.1901484638312423,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2163699587","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9893367,0.00049380143,0.009690412,0.00007609118,0.00022232666,0.00006627974,0.00006337891,0.000009054621,0.00004192695],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979778,0.0000074584077,0.001916692,0.000018455434,0.000036330875,0.0000014101597,0.00001707306,0.000021605303,0.0000031850473],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99914247,0.00002600919,0.000398421,0.0001028386,0.00013449686,0.00019578371],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992406,0.00014923145,0.00007018484,0.0003134572,0.000036996465,0.00018958004],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00051125174,0.00010845502,0.00022391022,0.00011217654,0.000021322741,0.000039660827,0.00028284662,0.00006682213,0.000012102425],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00034233805,0.00010237045,0.000032836957,0.00013840148,0.00003266363,0.000094492534,0.000009561873,0.00025449443,4.5478234e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001169531,0.000008895616,0.00051939295,0.0000649213,0.000036966674,0.000012346855,0.0002307603,0.40304384,0.5951063,0.0005997018,0.00007845809,0.0002867093],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005179213,0.000008048098,0.001970561,0.00015274153,0.00001783741,0.0000066506277,0.000020108306,0.9385056,0.058399506,0.00009230315,0.00017275011,0.00013601268],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00257485,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018168086,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5367068,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017933757,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014333132,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4174546},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2168524675","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450800105","title":"Prediction of gas hold‐up in a bubble column filled with pure and binary liquids","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Dimensionless quantity; Bubble; Binary number; Coalescence (physics); Thermodynamics; Materials science; Bubble point; Mechanics; Mathematics; Physics","score_opus":0.006002471901252478,"score_gpt":0.14068126331515868,"score_spread":0.1346787914139062,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2168524675","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99816746,0.0011806588,0.00019861446,0.00011077122,0.00011347204,0.000049598224,0.000007912603,0.0000113142905,0.00016020925],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999622,0.00003402464,0.00023934804,0.00000756044,0.000054268312,0.0000017964286,8.5903514e-7,0.000020908894,0.00001923479],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994636,0.0000038895146,0.00021127121,0.00004745056,0.00008751385,0.00018625073],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996568,0.000029130488,0.000026928446,0.00007670369,0.000033485445,0.0001769287],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011268111,0.000088893015,0.00016067726,0.00014289535,0.000016650742,0.000017893426,0.00009977785,0.00006036646,0.000019853866],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000312802,0.00007233059,0.000027624601,0.00017175604,0.000032184413,0.00007558984,0.000005895772,0.00027575708,3.0683148e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002095624,0.000010332342,0.0011021857,0.00019677107,0.00010490961,0.00012435796,0.0015786089,0.6408774,0.35386756,0.00032816082,0.0009893241,0.0007994335],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006481414,0.000084572246,0.0005088832,0.0003389356,0.000023079429,0.00027669262,0.000025674683,0.9872237,0.010380426,0.000024165753,0.00034708108,0.000118637974],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00023337446,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00027038346,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.34634632,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011334278,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000032873744,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2949556},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2169994313","doi":"10.1063/1.870283","title":"The kinematics of the vortex ring structure generated by a bursting bubble","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physics of Fluids","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Vortex ring; Physics; Vortex; Starting vortex; Mechanics; Horseshoe vortex; Bubble; Reynolds number; Bursting; Classical mechanics; Cylinder; Vortex shedding; Geometry; Turbulence","score_opus":0.004003678265650158,"score_gpt":0.1810096883397346,"score_spread":0.17700601007408445,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2169994313","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.993797,0.00066281983,0.003301731,0.000022525937,0.00015722502,0.00009600168,0.000038128514,0.000038178852,0.0018863779],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988072,0.00008191863,0.0008462102,0.000009680092,0.00007586047,0.0000023365094,0.000005695466,0.000027516082,0.00014358101],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99933785,0.000012822592,0.0002406786,0.000075965494,0.0001612597,0.00017142354],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995412,0.000051965246,0.00003607223,0.00030040884,0.000049166778,0.000021144951],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000071526985,0.00011331708,0.00014763589,0.0000079298825,0.0000851267,0.000020059526,0.0002562122,0.000037157,0.000015285488],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000012897109,0.00007401019,0.000066328364,0.00020457408,0.00005170144,0.000049947237,0.000029745355,0.0001254525,0.0000012049452],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000017900651,0.0000091770025,0.00009508291,0.00007493241,0.000052090327,1.256822e-7,0.00031434157,0.23244235,0.7536188,0.003485335,0.0004402131,0.009465812],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00014623669,0.000009227344,0.00018387924,0.00006293883,0.000026072426,9.0003437e-7,0.000025360934,0.8359666,0.16019812,0.0028598446,0.00041259677,0.00010820959],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000029556262,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000050711224,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.60352427,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001765116,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012201816,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.30180478},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2177598362","doi":"10.1115/fedsm-icnmm2010-31103","title":"Experimental and Numerical Characterization of Flow-Induced Vibration of Multi-Span U-Tubes","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Atomic Energy (Canada)","funders":"Atomic Energy of Canada Limited","keywords":"Bundle; Vibration; Structural engineering; Engineering; Vortex-induced vibration; Flow (mathematics); Bar (unit); Mechanical engineering; Nuclear engineering; Materials science; Mechanics; Acoustics; Physics","score_opus":0.0078472584935164,"score_gpt":0.21354792294812264,"score_spread":0.20570066445460625,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2177598362","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.85916024,0.0000064979445,0.14049315,0.000004227977,0.00011484267,0.00004712538,0.0000025643806,0.000028695165,0.00014263306],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99250305,0.0000022845568,0.0074379947,0.0000041308667,0.000015731903,0.0000026996083,0.000015465808,0.00000925044,0.000009379769],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997405,0.0000028355564,0.0001149133,0.000051781706,0.000040769854,0.000049241175],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99989444,0.0000054533098,0.0000098166265,0.000055942128,0.00001360032,0.000020727595],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000023097113,0.00004781224,0.00007571082,0.00003103681,0.000009620767,0.000005728775,0.00002331946,0.000038419686,0.000037649395],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000034285513,0.00004571236,0.000012919109,0.00003584635,0.000008949932,0.00008762586,0.000010684662,0.00003932888,7.8583065e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000015665437,0.000019103081,0.00035097363,0.000011711127,0.0000045667857,7.522528e-8,0.00022175434,0.00014021716,0.99689484,0.00035432173,6.4600556e-7,0.0020002038],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007956776,0.000010568546,0.0072115418,0.0000023158927,0.0000010865574,4.8959066e-7,0.000013298269,0.48261526,0.5100329,7.633631e-7,0.0000057636357,0.000026461512],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000013040334,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000021110232,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.48686197,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000034632474,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000028335212,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1864096},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2179758278","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22352","title":"Experiments and a three‐phase computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation coupled with population balance equations of a stirred tank bioreactor for high cell density cultivation","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":37,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Impeller; Computational fluid dynamics; Mass transfer coefficient; Mass transfer; Sauter mean diameter; Mechanics; Turbulence; Bioreactor; Mixing (physics); Population; Viscosity; Continuous stirred-tank reactor; Materials science; Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Physics","score_opus":0.014193947850197949,"score_gpt":0.22046673274444212,"score_spread":0.20627278489424417,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2179758278","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6085268,0.000057205514,0.39119744,0.000031337095,0.000061181956,0.00009213744,0.000024014573,0.000008134448,0.000001708024],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9916083,4.0611008e-7,0.008235017,0.00000477896,0.000048496895,0.0000035623027,0.000077952755,0.000020347632,0.0000011369705],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994191,0.0000040009772,0.0002547798,0.000059044625,0.00013576252,0.00012733758],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99934185,0.00012073546,0.00008578651,0.000061551975,0.00022054052,0.00016956398],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013256728,0.00009933528,0.0001524969,0.000096412354,0.00003366242,0.000027507676,0.00006609589,0.000050099174,9.807492e-7],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000105761195,0.00008473858,0.000025464855,0.00010937239,0.000021118696,0.0001257742,0.000004348592,0.000091609196,8.940741e-8],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000026375234,0.000007356891,0.00031844323,0.000028261291,0.000026893771,0.0000012322852,0.00017926737,0.9675163,0.030956868,0.00077267544,0.000006061108,0.00016025844],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00117419,0.00004654973,0.00041899318,0.000052082865,0.000027101783,0.0000078971225,0.000016999758,0.99439317,0.0034636185,0.00030428625,0.0000027098952,0.000092418275],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00042839054,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00038332582,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.38308144,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00030668272,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000094073985,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3455539},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2183246374","doi":"10.1115/omae2015-42314","title":"An Experimental Study on Two-Phase Flow at Different Orientations","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Volume 10: Petroleum Technology","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"Universidade Federal do Paraná; Universidade Estadual de Campinas","keywords":"Flow (mathematics); Slug flow; Mechanics; Two-phase flow; Phase (matter); Experimental research; Experimental data; Bubble; Flow measurement; Orientation (vector space); Materials science; Physics; Geometry; Mathematics","score_opus":0.014070619597224523,"score_gpt":0.27826576679299975,"score_spread":0.26419514719577525,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2183246374","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9937753,0.0001396333,0.0030048187,0.00006664877,0.0006083685,0.00019292693,0.000027494803,0.0011783926,0.0010064194],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983176,0.000001977454,0.00050465815,0.000014920951,0.00006613756,0.00015952777,0.000049740393,0.000059756083,0.00082568737],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99885565,0.000023284127,0.00023620784,0.00032850285,0.00018993087,0.0003664103],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992163,0.000009124231,0.000027709104,0.00056257955,0.00003488135,0.00014938401],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000064943,0.00023708232,0.00024348803,0.00040640196,0.00010553023,0.0000319778,0.00028301313,0.00012420051,0.00014604877],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000146016,0.00023828453,0.000043220203,0.00021849018,0.00006121274,0.00008745118,0.00009953781,0.00021085473,0.00032552992],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00043942351,0.01526159,0.058904067,0.000031276457,0.0004872766,0.00046131783,0.0066614705,0.20297623,0.67652273,0.006980478,0.0157128,0.015561365],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006304279,0.004839469,0.0007789072,0.0000096618605,0.000036022942,0.00002882273,0.0052161915,0.95851374,0.019678963,0.00014278825,0.0039528627,0.0004983064],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000015214938,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009257162,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7555375,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00042198424,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010085381,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.97169614},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2184973236","doi":"10.32920/ryerson.14649708","title":"Mixing Characteristics of External Loop Airlift Bioreactor using Electrical Resistance Tomography","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Airlift; Distributor; Mixing (physics); Bioreactor; Materials science; Sparging; Superficial velocity; Mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Volumetric flow rate; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Chemistry; Physics","score_opus":0.010310460143638884,"score_gpt":0.2155559024460532,"score_spread":0.20524544230241432,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2184973236","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7731702,0.0024768033,0.22189187,0.000003923327,0.00091895374,0.00013262054,0.0000472343,0.00017214044,0.0011862991],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9566692,0.00036696513,0.042478707,0.000017196488,0.00020171971,0.0000072797666,0.000057014095,0.00008671155,0.000115221344],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981757,0.000026466842,0.0007442484,0.00038428046,0.00028145924,0.00038784655],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990425,0.00005487305,0.0001487737,0.0004993771,0.00014542756,0.000109013505],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015418012,0.00036119617,0.0006550961,0.0002922342,0.00003610811,0.00011636929,0.00029814013,0.00034564367,0.00004955953],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000040499464,0.0003967919,0.00031297893,0.00030018322,0.000038537644,0.00006649362,0.00024064544,0.0007060614,0.00000126458],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000041997508,0.00016090901,0.027579581,0.0032679522,0.00043629316,0.00022832575,0.0003865416,0.008244632,0.9501959,0.002238801,0.00018481452,0.0070342594],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00038266217,0.000023892211,0.026618,0.0023128202,0.0002543536,0.00002418479,0.00006176178,0.92261165,0.04560157,0.0002472402,0.00035349713,0.0015083629],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000075437536,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000030338548,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.914367,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012864027,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000796368,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998484},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2187230718","doi":"","title":"Modeling of the droplet field in near-horizontal low liquid loading flows","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"ConocoPhillips (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Entrainment (biomusicology); Mechanics; Flux (metallurgy); Field (mathematics); Materials science; Physics; Mathematics; Acoustics","score_opus":0.009125225370897114,"score_gpt":0.17535990969479998,"score_spread":0.16623468432390287,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2187230718","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9508649,0.000053051597,0.030366903,0.000009312301,0.00027794013,0.00006235462,8.905693e-7,0.000048239803,0.01831637],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99786705,0.000012170101,0.0020239698,0.000024251109,0.000019851013,0.0000030759293,4.0446622e-7,0.000015225206,0.00003400603],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995501,0.0000053542876,0.00016385512,0.000072947485,0.000060433147,0.0001472869],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997986,0.0000118863,0.0000067791516,0.00015158321,0.000009978242,0.000021194857],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007374501,0.000071503084,0.00009237687,0.000029467388,0.000021958898,0.000007586857,0.00013114867,0.000051819014,0.000082815845],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000011405426,0.00005519423,0.000047274098,0.000090712616,0.0000062310814,0.00006152432,0.000044955348,0.00011780173,0.000005229311],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000034246776,0.00003961713,0.0010924728,0.000099088415,0.00003066358,0.000007741257,0.0033387905,0.9021338,0.08531261,0.0061176848,0.00009260331,0.0017006609],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000091482434,0.000026519645,0.000037731446,0.000043094158,0.0000024056208,0.0000013602044,0.0000641952,0.9868457,0.012726372,0.000077451405,0.0000118823045,0.00007182031],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00061440974,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008346249,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.084711865,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000022276861,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000093287945,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.22507553},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2192246885","doi":"10.1016/j.ces.2015.10.005","title":"Investigation of turbulent fluid flows in stirred tanks using a non-intrusive particle tracking technique","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Science","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":43,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Turbulence; Impeller; Rushton turbine; Mixing (physics); Mechanics; Lagrangian particle tracking; Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations; Flow (mathematics); Computational fluid dynamics; Tracking (education); Jet (fluid); Particle (ecology); Large eddy simulation; Vortex; Physics; Geology","score_opus":0.01776466010916117,"score_gpt":0.22099052206351602,"score_spread":0.20322586195435485,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2192246885","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.91229963,0.00007000375,0.08720851,0.000013669726,0.00015717605,0.00013917986,0.0000011450206,0.000086270906,0.000024430616],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.974068,0.0000019666688,0.025859987,0.0000054700054,0.000026682063,0.000016498812,0.0000011742967,0.000018989029,0.0000012459361],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989713,0.0000030705833,0.00026871517,0.0001917146,0.00024614792,0.0003190838],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995334,0.000024994002,0.00002267485,0.00017099008,0.00008114319,0.0001667747],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00039968092,0.00012578572,0.00016137389,0.00014041501,0.00001560725,0.000029017438,0.00022500986,0.00006485488,0.0000012123119],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020140455,0.00013672962,0.000025966583,0.0008503407,0.00009015754,0.00027631846,0.000050388546,0.00015706223,0.000001186777],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000010280997,0.000002491745,0.00009677043,0.000025765044,0.0000010868432,0.0000026113883,0.0002756678,0.36580566,0.63366956,0.00004604539,0.000003010305,0.00007028438],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008887303,0.000004749886,0.00008250129,0.00007833664,0.0000017142673,0.0000068191152,0.00001339767,0.5140739,0.48552546,0.000041606614,0.000002465852,0.00008016324],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000016962262,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.8736475e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.14826825,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00030436448,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000785471,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.55756724},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2202650943","doi":"10.1115/icnmm2015-48272","title":"Heat Transfer in Liquid-Liquid Taylor Flow in a Mini-Scale Tube With Constant Wall Temperature","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"Ministry of Education, Libya","keywords":"Thermodynamics; Prandtl number; Heat transfer; Materials science; Reynolds number; Mechanics; Capillary action; Dimensionless quantity; Heat transfer coefficient; Heat flux; Churchill–Bernstein equation; Open-channel flow; Flow (mathematics); Nusselt number; Turbulence; Physics","score_opus":0.006707433097037682,"score_gpt":0.18618733909437107,"score_spread":0.17947990599733338,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2202650943","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98861355,0.00037295368,0.002441063,0.00027769327,0.00015274032,0.0002349913,0.000013319753,0.00013555722,0.0077581317],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99765575,0.000037206304,0.001876799,0.00018335585,0.000028186407,0.000031607648,0.000014958265,0.00004439869,0.00012775234],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990401,0.000017408389,0.00024154839,0.0002074242,0.00014374212,0.00034977403],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99962854,0.000019218536,0.0000012720574,0.00018106244,0.000032661137,0.0001372328],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016297445,0.00020014428,0.00025668982,0.00014250616,0.000012440508,0.000029926785,0.00010361798,0.0001386317,0.00004914892],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000005004346,0.000159726,0.000032024993,0.00027790834,0.00002817227,0.00012822857,0.000012527959,0.00025834682,0.000012278083],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0018182122,0.0002862297,0.0017358353,0.00027921054,0.000082838575,0.0005886393,0.012091468,0.3135806,0.66468716,0.0023105799,0.00206018,0.00047903165],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006220223,0.0012840487,0.00023055208,0.00041319884,0.000021745369,0.0000983389,0.0016310607,0.92534167,0.059819426,0.000022968343,0.003772553,0.0011441995],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00024414083,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009741959,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6117611,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001324477,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004749064,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.65134376},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2211890017","doi":"10.1115/omae2015-41171","title":"Modeling of Two-Phase Frictional Pressure Gradient in Circular Pipes","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Volume 10: Petroleum Technology","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Pressure gradient; Phase (matter); Mechanics; Adverse pressure gradient; Flow (mathematics); Viscosity; Two-phase flow; Porous medium; Materials science; Mathematics; Porosity; Physics; Thermodynamics; Flow separation; Turbulence","score_opus":0.010435271551457544,"score_gpt":0.22387357653088727,"score_spread":0.21343830497942973,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2211890017","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.91129106,0.0028064514,0.08379458,0.00010925423,0.00029203846,0.00007991902,0.00002176446,0.00042777593,0.0011771377],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99783814,0.000030901105,0.0018147179,0.0000049029354,0.000034907964,0.00003261153,0.000012779343,0.000032344855,0.000198708],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.998995,0.000011173147,0.0003145039,0.00021267896,0.00015309599,0.00031355824],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995444,0.0000063802618,0.000028009932,0.00028958477,0.00007135434,0.00006026186],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016252375,0.00015036346,0.0002614805,0.00063865766,0.000022707929,0.000008617165,0.0002277414,0.00019117903,0.000029188486],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000040875006,0.00017151548,0.000051833285,0.00036325437,0.000040980576,0.000079074656,0.000067759975,0.00026336912,0.00002335279],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008622438,0.0000745126,0.001807119,0.000036551068,0.000043051117,0.000015427973,0.0000777642,0.9832268,0.007876774,0.0056646205,0.0002266051,0.00094218564],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012659284,0.00008252736,0.00003073364,0.000022891418,0.000019143214,0.000020848092,0.000113178925,0.9916416,0.00036287904,0.002391303,0.003895049,0.00015391772],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000102384285,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005577432,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08654705,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009559059,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000031776166,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6994198},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2219264440","doi":"10.1115/omae2015-42257","title":"Experimental and Numerical Investigations of Bubble Dynamics in Porous and Non-Porous Media","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Volume 10: Petroleum Technology","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Bubble; Porosity; Porous medium; Mechanics; Computational fluid dynamics; Coalescence (physics); Breakup; Materials science; Bubble point; Multiphase flow; Physics; Composite material","score_opus":0.006551456419907243,"score_gpt":0.20009324056739153,"score_spread":0.1935417841474843,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2219264440","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9936369,0.0012205103,0.003679847,0.00026020437,0.0001276462,0.000067403394,0.000015972848,0.00018767554,0.00080380554],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9952977,0.00002115306,0.004493182,0.000010123629,0.000013084125,0.000025105219,0.000017069495,0.000029878285,0.00009274502],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992127,0.000008031562,0.0002503021,0.00019365693,0.00009176798,0.00024357176],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996376,0.000018471945,0.000034920522,0.0001877396,0.00002596152,0.000095285606],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000091575545,0.00014324633,0.00026431124,0.00037387505,0.000022135604,0.000011739347,0.00011837894,0.00020793894,0.000007891835],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000059844333,0.00016282278,0.000013247672,0.0002750207,0.00021038728,0.00007930004,0.00011480241,0.00019880541,0.0000057053626],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008846307,0.0005816738,0.6750387,0.00032005666,0.00022640328,0.00031486154,0.0047245477,0.025219457,0.19798426,0.069197275,0.0037973237,0.022506965],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008920565,0.00017682837,0.0029567752,0.000022286777,0.000010689549,0.00009164143,0.0017415755,0.9890987,0.00278906,0.0015788904,0.00040700188,0.00023445848],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00015638044,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001454318,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9638793,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016834887,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000029136516,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.663972},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2230813541","doi":"10.1115/ipc2004-0546","title":"Two Phase Flow: Accounting for the Presence of Liquids in Gas Pipeline Design","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"2004 International Pipeline Conference, Volumes 1, 2, and 3","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Tulsa","keywords":"Wet gas; Stratified flow; Multiphase flow; Pressure drop; Submarine pipeline; Two-phase flow; Flow (mathematics); Petroleum engineering; Pipeline transport; Pigging; Mechanics; Materials science; Pipeline (software); Homogeneous; Environmental science; Geology; Geotechnical engineering; Engineering; Thermodynamics; Mechanical engineering; Turbulence; Environmental engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.017537757514370346,"score_gpt":0.26633342684566524,"score_spread":0.2487956693312949,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2230813541","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.07846068,0.0010525885,0.9179733,0.00042117364,0.0006224359,0.00034037395,0.0000778408,0.000051991035,0.0009996566],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9893772,0.00055287185,0.009145821,0.000055379754,0.00026973718,0.000042974112,0.000040305196,0.000022036336,0.0004936645],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990048,0.000011088898,0.00040335063,0.00018672622,0.0001766246,0.00021740641],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993728,0.00015690335,0.00005712838,0.00013867381,0.00023252302,0.00004196203],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00034025326,0.00015953359,0.00018690006,0.00013853415,0.00004970752,0.000067310844,0.0002829341,0.000055653014,0.000049319213],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016564965,0.00013471776,0.000056573637,0.000114937226,0.0000687636,0.00018531695,0.00004599336,0.00014322401,0.0000036917543],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00020440832,0.00020817092,0.00056394143,0.0001143854,0.00008436971,0.000008888903,0.0008702729,0.8775484,0.016222611,0.019244775,0.0024432275,0.082486555],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002468411,0.000042655083,0.000094184325,0.00013623899,0.000015959115,0.000006913349,0.000107718086,0.990067,0.0013808853,0.003300782,0.0022308826,0.00014834748],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001728572,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002543248,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9109165,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004948027,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007780436,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5493631},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2255592985","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.5b01078","title":"Mass Transfer in an Energy-Efficient High-Intensity Gas–Liquid Contactor","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Dalhousie University","keywords":"Contactor; Mass transfer; Bubble; Mass transfer coefficient; Chemistry; Mechanics; Coalescence (physics); Volume (thermodynamics); Nuclear engineering; Thermodynamics; Process engineering; Materials science; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chromatography; Power (physics)","score_opus":0.07801271901653278,"score_gpt":0.2798714939116395,"score_spread":0.20185877489510673,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2255592985","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99671733,0.00012103105,0.0012285461,0.0000567545,0.00062340853,0.0001440508,0.000029055123,0.00028591658,0.00079392554],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989252,0.000014021914,0.000038411417,0.000003948167,0.0007514223,0.000043483466,0.000050519626,0.00008017447,0.00009283694],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99777335,0.000033607677,0.00035772452,0.0003614219,0.0006140966,0.000859778],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99877584,0.00008918013,0.0000079845795,0.00041279636,0.00021334371,0.00050088175],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009416996,0.00026505097,0.00034477282,0.00017932501,0.000040607105,0.00009796974,0.00039144102,0.00042356426,0.00004463975],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001992048,0.00029712988,0.000058955284,0.00055945053,0.000045747747,0.00010883469,0.00005814945,0.0012309744,0.000009984008],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009990477,0.000035313107,0.00004923708,0.000028934945,0.000017109822,0.000070788024,0.00009498097,0.29880184,0.7002129,0.00018397142,0.0002385471,0.00016647569],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012581007,0.00008549815,0.000015411862,0.000083609426,0.000004511369,0.000009843461,0.00009436025,0.46984956,0.52661425,0.000014588576,0.001661575,0.00030868218],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002752669,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000015362015,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.17359863,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006851988,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014310093,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999481},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2265419158","doi":"10.1063/1.4936877","title":"Experiments of air bubbles impacting a rigid wall in tap water","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physics of Fluids","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Bubble; Physics; Mechanics; RADIUS; Trajectory; Terminal velocity; Aspect ratio (aeronautics); Dynamics (music); Tap water; Classical mechanics; Acoustics","score_opus":0.020167396431855632,"score_gpt":0.2471427737768761,"score_spread":0.22697537734502046,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2265419158","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9947659,0.00021511265,0.0023013807,0.0000072841217,0.00012659127,0.00007161715,0.0000045083793,0.000034258133,0.0024733432],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99884325,0.000011035157,0.0010438428,0.0000068686522,0.000037269838,0.000008312862,0.000007823873,0.000024972345,0.000016646283],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993724,0.000007799191,0.00021463586,0.00008242685,0.0001286652,0.0001940513],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997194,0.000012282803,0.000016391386,0.00015939605,0.000043590546,0.00004895274],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010669332,0.000103042155,0.00019280106,0.00004759282,0.0000073585015,0.0000047981534,0.00010628231,0.00003389635,0.0000034927255],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000069453363,0.00008969016,0.000047517307,0.00007773805,0.000019365496,0.00013854432,0.00004126607,0.00006520546,0.000006199546],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009061994,0.00007374585,0.0017857427,0.00008117736,0.000033868168,0.000002921061,0.0041778167,0.034392904,0.9568812,0.0012218453,0.00009309306,0.0012466135],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00057946186,0.000047465197,0.00025167014,0.00006862655,0.000008651896,9.954075e-7,0.00019911808,0.18683617,0.80986154,0.0018463191,0.00013889653,0.00016108736],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00017584338,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000037940401,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.15244326,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000052644304,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012668656,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.36574587},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2267971727","doi":"10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2016.01.006","title":"Experimental studies of the transition velocity in a slurry bubble column at high gas temperature of a helium–water–alumina system","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Ontario Institute of Technology","keywords":"Slurry; Materials science; Bubble; Helium; Turbulence; Work (physics); Mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Superficial velocity; Thermodynamics; Composite material; Atomic physics; Physics","score_opus":0.007656370109205084,"score_gpt":0.21272494622075466,"score_spread":0.20506857611154958,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2267971727","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99606115,0.003137363,0.000009627516,0.0000334676,0.00031669205,0.00018970008,0.000016234779,0.000025512842,0.00021023506],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997754,0.00003160847,0.000074643554,0.000010557005,0.000021689848,0.000027313234,5.791829e-7,0.000010320117,0.00004788676],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990652,0.000025744037,0.00023711668,0.00019788602,0.00024012578,0.00023388283],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997309,0.00001544932,0.000025263482,0.0001535027,0.000030111785,0.00004479531],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022728195,0.00013208808,0.00020832763,0.000055580913,0.00016609117,0.000013185719,0.0001858145,0.000039480445,0.000013208275],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000035115859,0.0000732288,0.000041906125,0.00016786518,0.00059968943,0.00020945795,0.00014080093,0.000043590644,0.0000016746819],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000030545278,0.00003664222,0.00006130815,0.0000493307,0.000008468852,0.0000020780178,0.007502244,0.00018596645,0.99143404,0.0005957033,0.000006785893,0.00008691338],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00049816305,0.00008942409,0.0007603567,0.0002392897,0.0000027623958,0.000011999402,0.0039653676,0.0038716034,0.9904406,0.0000059426557,0.000005116391,0.000109340326],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006167628,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000070457895,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0037142348,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024795654,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015891095,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2986184},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2270072695","doi":"10.1002/aic.15130","title":"Local hydrodynamic parameters of bubble column reactors operating with non‐Newtonian liquids: Experiments and models development","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AIChE Journal","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Bubble; Non-Newtonian fluid; Bubble column reactor; Mechanics; Mixing (physics); Newtonian fluid; Materials science; Thermodynamics; Chromatography; Chemistry; Physics; Gas bubble","score_opus":0.01764268526156766,"score_gpt":0.20846060103296193,"score_spread":0.1908179157713943,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2270072695","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8814188,0.00032418084,0.11718575,0.000011483025,0.00011826248,0.00007383267,8.958144e-7,0.000023882947,0.00084287394],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.948065,0.000042602092,0.051757235,0.000019709214,0.00001661555,0.0000050561084,0.0000021782662,0.00003400359,0.00005763062],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990855,0.000015535594,0.00031174746,0.000113738344,0.00022379258,0.00024972248],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995354,0.000015002153,0.00005734624,0.00010202677,0.00007106793,0.00021919228],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00027992568,0.00015173378,0.00020610342,0.00008353251,0.0000709362,0.00006487778,0.000105075,0.00005985509,0.0000028040654],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000007786344,0.00013083416,0.000022119099,0.000086098495,0.00004103955,0.00026228934,0.00003737459,0.0002179621,0.000001556225],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000033578184,0.000040888583,0.0010304771,0.00004161632,0.00018936607,0.00003610771,0.007006351,0.9557522,0.031722948,0.00004383048,0.00016519234,0.003937463],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007563861,0.00014523797,0.00020587859,0.00015896976,0.000015614416,0.00013447966,0.0010181012,0.98859096,0.008655211,0.000043733082,0.000079294376,0.00019616596],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005424453,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000040521034,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.06664614,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018948241,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000121604,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.53352624},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2279359745","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22412","title":"An algorithm for estimating radial gas holdup profiles in bubble columns from chordal densitometry measurements","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Densitometry; Projection (relational algebra); Algorithm; Bubble; Transformation (genetics); Computer science; Mechanics; Physics; Optics; Chemistry","score_opus":0.019600998611882567,"score_gpt":0.21442544745855635,"score_spread":0.19482444884667377,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2279359745","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.92211854,0.00048962986,0.07602218,0.0000493538,0.0010719139,0.00014846548,0.00003288967,0.000030869116,0.00003612821],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8990568,7.1448255e-7,0.10017111,0.000016403077,0.0006890716,0.000007357319,0.000010461843,0.000046271736,0.0000018233734],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989773,0.000009878772,0.0003385427,0.0000928139,0.00019951447,0.0003819479],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99908227,0.0000621655,0.000045469027,0.00012937983,0.00011340404,0.00056731823],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00048966735,0.00014998806,0.00023784906,0.00018973713,0.000035423138,0.00009640101,0.0002937334,0.00009294788,0.000004218766],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021057132,0.00014176371,0.00006146634,0.00018876218,0.000022235248,0.00016561516,0.000008047133,0.00033337384,0.0000011292319],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000837566,0.000009812194,0.00052207743,0.00002790806,0.000080627105,0.00004011257,0.00066269655,0.8758452,0.110358134,0.00002591846,0.0005058173,0.0119133545],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006428139,0.000026651214,0.00007951639,0.00010244473,0.00002021116,0.000035002045,0.000026623096,0.97883075,0.01981773,0.00013388206,0.00012005054,0.00016433504],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0018523055,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00072989555,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.102985576,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00053667184,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00025549546,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5780956},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2287383734","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22420","title":"Energy balance in viscous liquid containing a bubble: Rise due to buoyancy","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Ministerstwo Edukacji i Nauki","keywords":"Buoyancy; Mechanics; Bubble; Energy balance; Physics; Drag; Kinetic energy; Terminal velocity; Viscosity; RADIUS; Dissipation; Viscous liquid; Acceleration; Drag coefficient; Added mass; Classical mechanics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.005694669770392674,"score_gpt":0.17494706039568306,"score_spread":0.16925239062529038,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2287383734","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.981787,0.002357939,0.013801772,0.00038556813,0.0007075174,0.00005815452,0.0000058985675,0.000038523696,0.0008576026],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988627,0.000004525579,0.00075480196,0.00008893891,0.00023261945,0.000004017869,8.181174e-7,0.00004017868,0.00001140791],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990148,0.000008086823,0.00032001248,0.000075061136,0.00014009442,0.00044195508],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989477,0.000045642377,0.000029140307,0.00013470186,0.00007466835,0.0007681721],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003405905,0.00014453808,0.00024634434,0.00020943856,0.000018291517,0.000046036723,0.00030076434,0.00007253818,0.0000061163387],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017605048,0.00012948504,0.000048971604,0.00027889654,0.000016083859,0.00008968306,0.000016182988,0.00034355285,0.0000030960682],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000027341217,0.0000034492552,0.00005161936,0.000019675244,0.0000331977,0.00044461558,0.0008968707,0.9484206,0.04692424,0.0016033602,0.000757626,0.00081741775],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009891891,0.00014853549,0.000053177395,0.00049720344,0.000021377027,0.00077773083,0.000072891635,0.9539139,0.03180715,0.00029913097,0.010903445,0.0005162442],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0017180912,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0015080543,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.017075667,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005349104,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00027274556,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5280247},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2288201516","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22451","title":"Oil‐water core‐annular flow in vertical pipes: A CFD study","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Computational fluid dynamics; Core (optical fiber); Petroleum engineering; Mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Geology; Marine engineering; Materials science; Engineering; Physics; Composite material","score_opus":0.005845408671714828,"score_gpt":0.16748931486235627,"score_spread":0.16164390619064145,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2288201516","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9978398,0.00018436175,0.0010235595,0.00037414033,0.00042139983,0.000030691677,0.0000027495219,0.000018603305,0.00010470489],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995189,0.000003836936,0.00018785048,0.000036653742,0.00018320052,0.0000032476512,3.106926e-7,0.000035727702,0.000030327976],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99901515,0.000007667968,0.0003300813,0.00007674704,0.00014435776,0.00042599873],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993964,0.000064339525,0.000009626003,0.00015305386,0.000039902556,0.00033667503],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00028888503,0.00014217035,0.00020949928,0.00016291096,0.000022595825,0.000033277764,0.0002814613,0.00006796562,0.000056632845],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010172761,0.00008024251,0.00006800764,0.00010786681,0.00003002269,0.0001212448,0.000014769186,0.00031118607,0.000014395071],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016879596,0.000025980064,0.0006779459,0.000047828835,0.00013662144,0.0007043091,0.0018459152,0.14314958,0.84943026,0.000498509,0.000488807,0.002977342],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0037945227,0.00016661883,0.000851053,0.00077352603,0.00011625594,0.00066471234,0.00009884002,0.7980857,0.18558423,0.00048230033,0.008334209,0.0010480499],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002109862,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00047836325,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.663846,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00033773758,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006602311,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.32721946},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2288475483","doi":"","title":"Mechanistic model for dispersion coefficients in bubble column","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"UpSpace Institutional Repository (University of Pretoria)","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Canadian Society of Intestinal Research","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Extrapolation; Dispersion (optics); Momentum (technical analysis); Mechanics; Turbulence; Column (typography); Statistical physics; Physics; Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Mathematics; Geometry; Optics; Mathematical analysis","score_opus":0.01652532144044367,"score_gpt":0.1917629901524878,"score_spread":0.17523766871204413,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2288475483","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.3971042,0.000103278944,0.59739596,0.000016694616,0.0011581589,0.00020370258,0.00003125873,0.00006525092,0.0039214743],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9918559,0.000008918711,0.007057213,0.0000023605157,0.00004235787,9.5224163e-7,0.000018451536,0.000008300386,0.0010055328],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99942356,0.000007843986,0.000087408545,0.00014294301,0.00019626165,0.00014196844],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996293,0.000018101617,0.00002842475,0.000115242314,0.00011415221,0.00009477178],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011909308,0.0000827284,0.00012801784,0.000080652375,0.00012940059,0.000010227743,0.00014154035,0.00008674475,0.0000020066047],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002460966,0.00011550897,0.000051424184,0.00009798215,0.00006286661,0.0001774224,0.00003984075,0.00007370326,0.000004065789],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005651993,0.00003827497,0.00024604728,0.000051061717,0.000011372728,0.000014437538,0.00068123563,0.96053946,0.0076491907,0.029820893,0.0008284874,0.00006298939],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007301312,0.000031862266,0.00011118048,0.00004825848,0.000016987153,0.0000047608846,0.00035449874,0.99599326,0.00018855666,0.00059571484,0.0018046485,0.00012015126],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00013325276,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00012284631,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5947517,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00044149903,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000171818,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.47103193},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2288657121","doi":"","title":"Performance characteristics of a novel liquid-liquid contactor.","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Library and Archives Canada (Government of Canada)","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Contactor; Drag coefficient; Drag; Dissipation; Turbulence; Mechanics; Mixing (physics); Turbulence kinetic energy; Materials science; Flow (mathematics); Liquid liquid; Phase (matter); Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Chromatography; Physics","score_opus":0.003026268063464283,"score_gpt":0.12752711235626243,"score_spread":0.12450084429279815,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2288657121","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.92969227,0.000097702185,0.0003724082,0.0001479116,0.00018848188,0.000063150415,0.0001459892,0.000012715831,0.069279395],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980612,0.00050400296,0.00035485532,0.00016436889,0.00003738459,0.0000027235283,0.000006982644,0.000020770927,0.00084773364],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989217,0.000005600123,0.0002494309,0.000099897734,0.00051711936,0.00020624674],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996268,0.00005991097,0.000059370344,0.00012849418,5.399206e-7,0.00012486358],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000062317395,0.00012914298,0.00020310974,0.000017309694,0.000045526176,0.0000062769186,0.000107320404,0.000019917976,0.000017000018],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000013771428,0.00013328635,0.000018412169,0.000050647537,0.000030199848,0.00018523395,0.000050626753,0.000083223305,1.0184932e-9],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0011909857,0.000054941473,0.02407239,0.0007451374,0.00015748481,0.000075298085,0.00017468994,0.00235,0.9348868,0.03052842,0.00022028545,0.0055435686],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0014718947,0.0006430999,0.16593435,0.0005926367,0.000054554923,0.000051805113,0.0007687742,0.3980084,0.38158855,0.000020009376,0.049945295,0.00092060555],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005495884,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0031546399,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.55329823,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000062015224,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00027640778,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.54352593},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2288804364","doi":"10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2016.01.043","title":"CFD simulations of direct contact volumetric heat transfer coefficient in a slurry bubble column at a high gas temperature of a helium–water–alumina system","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Thermal Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":46,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Ontario Institute of Technology","keywords":"Slurry; Computational fluid dynamics; Bubble; Materials science; Heat transfer coefficient; Heat transfer; Helium; Thermodynamics; Mechanics; Superficial velocity; Particle (ecology); Chemistry; Composite material; Flow (mathematics); Physics","score_opus":0.0022752008944904624,"score_gpt":0.14576974630803105,"score_spread":0.1434945454135406,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2288804364","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9915197,0.00035141537,0.0067912233,0.000006231049,0.00020025477,0.00041244837,0.00009327058,0.00018947243,0.00043596778],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995901,0.000022119691,0.00016260557,0.0000024073715,0.000037218728,0.00005333943,0.000015187352,0.00007961013,0.000037398953],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986892,0.000011282257,0.0004795714,0.00021775777,0.00020052167,0.00040168775],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994782,0.00012740544,0.0000126713985,0.0002657925,0.000039091567,0.00007683132],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001659022,0.00025030886,0.00048389466,0.00033562366,0.00003453524,0.000011594932,0.00014864137,0.00014054222,0.000028032435],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000008933259,0.00019836493,0.00008761108,0.00043828218,0.000019031722,0.00006286314,0.000038822694,0.00012273299,0.0000074400036],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018567072,0.000017698709,0.00005459338,0.00024733532,0.00003333015,0.0000031552397,0.00020417846,0.46663925,0.5318725,0.0007477769,0.0000015408203,0.000160042],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013926318,0.000050890038,0.001068578,0.00047718058,0.00003414144,0.0000050326976,0.000038960534,0.5756719,0.42079753,0.000001289553,0.00014104275,0.00032083192],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010571944,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000033175897,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.11107499,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00028922717,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013646509,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8089087},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2291182788","doi":"","title":"COMMUNICATION TO THE EDITOR A Restructured Framework for Modeling Oxygen Transfer in Two-Phase Partitioning Bioreactors","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Mass transfer; Bioreactor; Phase (matter); Mass transfer coefficient; Chemistry; Hexadecane; Absorption (acoustics); Thermodynamics; Chromatography; Materials science; Organic chemistry; Physics","score_opus":0.013555946032378282,"score_gpt":0.27977251007302867,"score_spread":0.26621656404065036,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2291182788","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.3587375,0.00014355597,0.6395783,0.00071650057,0.00034273838,0.0002451841,0.000010454591,0.000087061824,0.00013874099],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.94141954,0.000029491552,0.057419974,0.00015839936,0.00083207426,0.00008921501,0.00002103484,0.000024161818,0.000006099341],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99946547,0.000011128724,0.00018689001,0.00009350666,0.00006486798,0.00017816354],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99961126,0.00007544769,0.0000044953067,0.000244448,0.000022436489,0.000041902305],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015571485,0.00008727019,0.00008388956,0.00005910335,0.00007607111,0.000044960976,0.00015328509,0.000050312923,0.000014010267],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000032227297,0.00006977155,0.00003674398,0.00012608228,0.000006270101,0.000095481075,0.000011816716,0.00014795641,0.0000047104068],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010412136,0.000010933312,0.000010820998,0.0000058593723,0.000007256736,5.3677937e-8,0.0010277097,0.9738715,0.0018679311,0.019320762,0.00044643818,0.003420286],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003637234,0.000009069763,0.000022924802,0.000043890148,0.0000055352834,3.3368883e-7,0.0001183358,0.99358857,0.0007472334,0.0012973847,0.0037019467,0.00010107856],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000706732,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011954848,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5826821,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006044451,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000073935867,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.28452012},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2292851844","doi":"10.1016/j.ces.2016.02.041","title":"Study of the hydrodynamics and mass transfer in a rectangular air-lift bioreactor","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Science","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ontario Centres of Excellence","keywords":"Aeration; Mass transfer; Lift (data mining); Mass transfer coefficient; Baffle; Mechanics; Distributor; Oxygen; Chemistry; Bioreactor; Mixing (physics); Thermodynamics; Materials science; Chromatography; Physics","score_opus":0.0038200749853481175,"score_gpt":0.17497928140645247,"score_spread":0.17115920642110435,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2292851844","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9950337,0.000048597154,0.004541731,0.000020605243,0.0001324898,0.0001091237,0.0000029647883,0.000053610114,0.000057173103],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996267,0.000007969929,0.00032845463,0.000002534018,0.000009424042,0.0000069577964,8.0826204e-8,0.000013640726,0.0000042532806],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993038,0.0000025452034,0.0001491401,0.00016601883,0.00016533099,0.00021317562],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996888,0.00004187431,0.000005590404,0.0001962099,0.000014002827,0.00005353198],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015456791,0.00009761287,0.00011406621,0.000078720455,0.000014777695,0.000008288469,0.0002543963,0.000035488512,9.36298e-7],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007677135,0.0000616539,0.00002016908,0.0004458715,0.0000969015,0.00009601596,0.000038194477,0.00009150316,3.6448841e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[8.6946636e-7,0.000013393163,0.0010788918,0.00001537627,0.0000027040696,0.000001356304,0.00022112457,0.009588496,0.9885988,0.00019191604,4.9498516e-7,0.00028655026],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006237267,0.00002797626,0.009722597,0.00015775995,0.000008089649,0.000006791878,0.0000537216,0.62491024,0.3641783,0.000039406095,0.000028578845,0.00024282506],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004616715,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000023081045,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6244205,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007608682,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001248275,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2514173},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2292959139","doi":"10.20381/ruor-7616","title":"Novel signal processing approaches for characterization of transient two-phase gas-liquid flow.","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"Library and Archives Canada (Government of Canada)","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Transient (computer programming); Characterization (materials science); Signal processing; Flow (mathematics); Gas phase; SIGNAL (programming language); Two-phase flow; Liquid phase; Materials science; Computer science; Mechanics; Physics; Nanotechnology; Engineering; Electronic engineering; Digital signal processing; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.005041800163930675,"score_gpt":0.1547346428971759,"score_spread":0.1496928427332452,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2292959139","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.90971345,0.0006203837,0.023935903,0.00014112818,0.00040037173,0.0008341131,0.0032547836,0.000038677703,0.06106122],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9953853,0.0001346644,0.0018758549,0.00004453619,0.00006895114,0.000034202913,0.0012199637,0.00006664406,0.0011698909],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.998535,0.0000081846465,0.0003839672,0.00019894216,0.0006476879,0.00022621482],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99963117,0.0000387261,0.0001235906,0.00009334907,9.740171e-7,0.00011217932],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000008391058,0.00024091985,0.00032263013,0.00004056526,0.000078849094,0.000017294798,0.00012696772,0.00004959573,0.000013894878],"category_scores_gemma":[4.312873e-7,0.00026179085,0.00004494205,0.00005899912,0.000018699444,0.00021157497,0.000007816615,0.00010932476,3.191911e-10],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00162041,0.000058387082,0.00000881753,0.002857571,0.0001099044,0.000004946836,0.00046223562,0.008919973,0.8780857,0.003067559,0.000023276507,0.10478124],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00094823464,0.0001106612,0.00044732136,0.0005166567,0.00007043107,0.0000022436946,0.0007476744,0.70782024,0.28669798,0.000046683203,0.002225319,0.00036658446],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00016682471,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006105212,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6989002,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000009009648,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007870738,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99998343},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2301766268","doi":"10.1007/s12650-015-0315-9","title":"Effect of drag reducing agent on bubble formation in horizontal liquid cross-flow","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Visualization","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Drag; Bubble; Shadowgraph; Body orifice; Mechanics; Particle image velocimetry; Turbulence; Materials science; Flow (mathematics); Optics; Physics; Engineering; Mechanical engineering","score_opus":0.0108733112509898,"score_gpt":0.29527449879958584,"score_spread":0.28440118754859606,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2301766268","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9567513,0.00018254592,0.042077985,0.0000043674117,0.0005369433,0.00007272652,0.0000010087189,0.0000132713785,0.0003598704],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995901,0.00005854258,0.00021739696,0.0000042056213,0.00009735457,0.0000011172201,0.000008199347,0.000015550137,0.0000075349863],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991894,0.00004678813,0.00041647803,0.00004082986,0.00021337073,0.0000931641],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99962,0.000031881737,0.00014061079,0.000054954642,0.0001034421,0.00004906999],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007140932,0.000075131866,0.00015992855,0.00022126548,0.000014187655,0.000025264657,0.000055363103,0.000051900708,0.0000033706167],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001222397,0.000066991626,0.000046268127,0.00016139606,0.000006675097,0.0003531081,0.000008397892,0.00008396003,0.0000022995541],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00026048845,0.000034693614,0.0002989571,0.00014887117,0.00001327699,0.000009650962,0.0012118963,0.9283336,0.06558157,0.00023661109,0.00021279353,0.0036576393],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001107082,0.0020506235,0.0002331637,0.0003268342,0.0000115982675,0.00002943707,0.00003224467,0.8309866,0.16500157,0.000026483278,0.00011587006,0.00007845836],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000065549207,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000036016118,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.09942001,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020216823,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016543112,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.27318394},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2305336707","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2016.03.102","title":"Development of a multiscale model for the design and scale-up of gas/liquid stirred tank reactors","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Journal","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":44,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Mass transfer; SCALE-UP; Residence time distribution; Mass transfer coefficient; Turbulence; Mechanics; Scaling; Scale (ratio); Multiphase flow; Flow (mathematics); Process engineering; Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Mathematics; Engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.013579895994405093,"score_gpt":0.1955319963938674,"score_spread":0.1819521003994623,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2305336707","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.30867425,0.00021858323,0.69088566,0.000024133387,0.00009766503,0.00007090294,0.000004389347,0.000021537226,0.0000029095263],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.75295603,0.000057799884,0.24690124,0.000001232962,0.00003354184,0.000009705456,4.1551453e-7,0.000026995504,0.000013047523],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992838,0.000002489567,0.00032793527,0.000077647994,0.000111749505,0.00019637834],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999545,0.00018133777,0.000043184187,0.000090851456,0.000052395342,0.00008724032],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023550361,0.00012220147,0.00018067913,0.000049639093,0.000025551655,0.000008429546,0.00012932789,0.000063286956,0.0000025980835],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008558091,0.00007614831,0.00005760701,0.000047500416,0.00002942903,0.000044709766,0.000028017594,0.000108365035,1.8743167e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000027235163,0.0000057111506,0.0000017656453,0.000058590038,0.000040654057,2.3473709e-7,0.00025658295,0.16359325,0.829615,0.000037270336,0.000038951468,0.0063247248],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00035672777,0.0000074093764,0.0000095002915,0.00012213134,0.000011873166,0.000013001293,0.0000060089606,0.65940475,0.33991882,0.00001523507,0.0000618789,0.00007269128],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":2.1921565e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.15044664e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.49581146,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000055780423,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000030597337,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3105238},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2312254461","doi":"10.1115/fedsm2003-45537","title":"Estimation of Interfacial Area Concentration for Two-Phase Slug Flow From Dual-Probe Hot-Film Measurements","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University; Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Slug flow; Bubble; Materials science; Two-phase flow; Mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Porosity; Thermodynamics; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chemistry; Chromatography; Composite material; Physics","score_opus":0.027197039366797172,"score_gpt":0.2586270110869659,"score_spread":0.23142997172016871,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2312254461","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.28433862,0.000043270968,0.71322423,0.0000037173982,0.00036044262,0.00021298887,0.00003957238,0.00005753632,0.0017196082],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96022964,0.0000026604416,0.039549436,0.000013193938,0.000022865128,0.000020309346,0.000111524016,0.00001588797,0.00003449113],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.999423,0.000009659924,0.00022602796,0.000104902334,0.0001083406,0.00012803005],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997618,0.000022577504,0.000027992124,0.000099730816,0.00005299284,0.000034890585],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011079096,0.00009654223,0.0001205351,0.000025762136,0.000026679507,0.000022061466,0.00003612255,0.000040709612,0.00009873357],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000057893158,0.00009808647,0.000039414634,0.00004875354,0.000009088736,0.000121424346,0.000004322584,0.000036050198,0.0000049956598],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000042259006,0.000060192277,0.000083168394,0.000041933195,0.000069586145,4.6849314e-7,0.0003580575,0.59329295,0.3897934,0.0023972052,0.00056150864,0.013299292],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001311952,0.00003074824,0.000024139246,0.000022283199,0.000017538778,3.2719808e-7,0.000019147194,0.8131348,0.18494037,0.000335318,0.00007773532,0.00008565885],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000025756772,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000049823946,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.67589104,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005704863,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015329897,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.39998502},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2312590915","doi":"10.1021/ie402415u","title":"Analysis of Power Consumption in Multishaft Mixers","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Coaxial; Rotor (electric); Power (physics); Stator; Mixing (physics); Power consumption; Reynolds number; Computer science; Electrical engineering; Mechanical engineering; Mechanics; Engineering; Physics; Thermodynamics; Turbulence","score_opus":0.046390548890434834,"score_gpt":0.3036758284989578,"score_spread":0.257285279608523,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2312590915","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99819905,0.000085536536,0.0003567378,0.000009976669,0.00012805074,0.000088675995,0.000016459573,0.000083945844,0.0010315914],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99971,0.000023973653,0.000044139822,7.1213486e-7,0.00007916929,0.00001551424,0.000028151037,0.000027681648,0.000070624],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99871844,0.000023668314,0.00031819227,0.00019378707,0.00033534507,0.0004105432],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99927473,0.0002642526,0.000017797794,0.00028294892,0.000058049663,0.00010220421],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009343126,0.00013032841,0.0002948315,0.0004305722,0.000019510198,0.000028276745,0.00021822692,0.00025148952,0.00012376477],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00041800505,0.00015481027,0.000087380504,0.0011757555,0.000041916777,0.000054967415,0.0000511257,0.00067910564,0.000006638528],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000068926597,0.000013367441,0.006260272,0.0000614697,0.00013289113,0.0000031173267,0.000053156808,0.43557563,0.55712235,0.000031769552,0.00007500209,0.0006640604],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00056612614,0.000010942071,0.0046751597,0.000084611136,0.000033533008,9.648136e-7,0.000020993757,0.8804963,0.113056466,0.00000295486,0.00088303623,0.0001688859],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006419908,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000073898136,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4449207,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016576271,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000018239933,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.63129795},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2312818049","doi":"10.1115/fedsm2005-77438","title":"Observations Regarding the Nature of Oil-Water Phase Inversion and Instability in Laminar Flow Through Circular Tubes Containing Static Mixers","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Nova Chemicals (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Laminar flow; Mechanics; Static mixer; Instability; Phase inversion; Materials science; Two-phase flow; Emulsion; Pressure drop; Volumetric flow rate; Thermodynamics; Turbulence; Flow (mathematics); Chemistry; Physics","score_opus":0.014005930410746962,"score_gpt":0.22908432777078436,"score_spread":0.2150783973600374,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2312818049","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99365795,0.00035541516,0.00455842,0.00035774047,0.000060392827,0.000078901554,0.000006279659,0.000040628955,0.00088430155],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99396574,0.00009905757,0.0057324334,0.0001311026,0.000014298079,0.0000059328036,0.000015010039,0.000012557205,0.000023860659],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99940914,0.000024059138,0.00020163397,0.00011638849,0.00008851375,0.00016026499],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997112,0.000075701864,0.000008916421,0.00015512263,0.000028434368,0.00002058016],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023839078,0.000095133255,0.0001355816,0.000042365944,0.000057548965,0.000019016576,0.000071708135,0.000074881194,0.000013171406],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004076911,0.00006475928,0.000029861658,0.00008889153,0.000039609175,0.00026904422,0.000035399265,0.0002022488,6.724714e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007211416,0.00019026069,0.02792921,0.00093407754,0.00016827157,0.000017575865,0.036604315,0.5850367,0.31464586,0.008656703,0.00040925617,0.02533567],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00085238036,0.00002202384,0.00079169625,0.0000648089,0.000012974329,0.0000018263307,0.0021113043,0.9853848,0.009002538,0.00022665013,0.0014182479,0.00011072866],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007766627,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00023517331,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.40034813,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007087787,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007836008,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2640807},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2313965339","doi":"10.1016/b978-044450476-0/50046-7","title":"Analysis of Macro-Instabilities (MI) of the Flow Field in a Stirred Tank Agitated with Axial Impellers","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Elsevier eBooks","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Impeller; Mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Continuous stirred-tank reactor; Materials science; Physics; Engineering; Chemical engineering","score_opus":0.004425334691324773,"score_gpt":0.17543398919324202,"score_spread":0.17100865450191724,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2313965339","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.041039713,0.0005037706,0.000021248197,0.00001232172,0.00013290797,0.00032287414,0.00017969932,0.000037136164,0.9577503],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.67468625,0.00019595302,0.00038348866,0.000042355274,0.000041234678,0.00002025984,0.00004549781,0.000119601405,0.32446536],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99884665,0.000014055781,0.00050818815,0.00020427076,0.00022548987,0.00020131558],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99923813,0.00008849622,0.0001013689,0.00048211298,0.00005371283,0.000036194615],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010122772,0.0002819454,0.00065983605,0.00035578175,0.00002047338,0.000011742739,0.00024171313,0.00020156396,0.00026937985],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000008828045,0.00021811498,0.00030779061,0.00009441416,0.000119282304,0.000021995522,0.00004224076,0.0003121109,0.0000016634067],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000112048874,0.000012908399,0.00020485993,0.00043899653,0.0025093893,0.000024215382,0.0027769243,0.10787379,0.00037793428,0.0006444031,0.000032298794,0.88499224],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004363588,0.00069577317,0.0018198772,0.0056791655,0.0090698395,0.00002615474,0.0005794264,0.76990235,0.003137179,0.0076930826,0.1929951,0.004038471],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000019301693,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0016363545,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8809538,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006544247,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000059713053,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.88944703},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2314140310","doi":"10.1021/ie301361p","title":"Prediction of Solids Accumulation in Slurry Bubble Columns with Polydispersed Solid Loadings","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Slurry; Bubble; Turbulence; Mechanics; Particle (ecology); Dispersion (optics); Particle-size distribution; Advection; Materials science; Thermodynamics; Particle size; Chemistry; Physics","score_opus":0.0997464060863337,"score_gpt":0.3118721157676024,"score_spread":0.21212570968126868,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2314140310","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99754053,0.00011582044,0.00030245568,0.000014909051,0.00021750823,0.00021363329,0.00002754505,0.00013690068,0.0014306895],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991019,0.000017326345,0.000070451235,7.151452e-7,0.00054759573,0.0000369021,0.000037246908,0.000053959473,0.00013393554],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99839306,0.000014674199,0.00032623878,0.00016412565,0.00042725413,0.00067467],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993824,0.00010766882,0.000025511648,0.00023094358,0.0000855047,0.00016797124],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007528401,0.00016391354,0.00023227502,0.00017917654,0.000045902496,0.000036090747,0.00016907096,0.00029516223,0.000051310675],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016450646,0.00018075493,0.000037800386,0.0006765647,0.000045531953,0.00024710046,0.00004856346,0.00081256754,0.0000043290556],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002910126,0.000034858924,0.007091696,0.00012924483,0.000030068008,0.0000021716157,0.00024265348,0.16423026,0.8277308,0.00003456452,0.00021208603,0.00023253154],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001265296,0.00004305818,0.0024543733,0.00029680136,0.000010561728,0.000009310907,0.00015626923,0.4160511,0.5785448,0.0000041358567,0.00094358186,0.00022073835],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010523478,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000033153244,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.25182083,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00034324193,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007178807,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7370972},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2314828268","doi":"10.1021/ie300979y","title":"Mixing of Newtonian and Non-Newtonian Fluids in a Cylindrical Mixer Equipped with a Side-Entry Impeller","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Impeller; Mechanics; Laminar flow; Newtonian fluid; Particle image velocimetry; Non-Newtonian fluid; Shear thinning; Flow (mathematics); Reynolds number; Mixing (physics); Shear stress; Materials science; Rheology; Physics; Classical mechanics; Turbulence; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.03253080419626163,"score_gpt":0.27473602321832535,"score_spread":0.2422052190220637,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2314828268","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99550456,0.00058283244,0.0005914527,0.00004954833,0.0001867225,0.00025608408,0.000011256216,0.000086102766,0.0027314408],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984972,0.00007106671,0.000506717,0.0000020029572,0.00053281686,0.00003805967,0.000010333648,0.00008673992,0.00025509959],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9976637,0.000024054914,0.0004247195,0.00028081634,0.00049397314,0.0011127616],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998981,0.00020527226,0.000025239797,0.00033597145,0.00007103122,0.00038151367],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00084997364,0.0002871662,0.0003922697,0.00023356955,0.000050618357,0.00006108674,0.00025229363,0.0004172865,0.000039737097],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00019430397,0.0002874366,0.000053614895,0.0007511503,0.000093837276,0.00018734047,0.00015854392,0.0013646561,0.000005271879],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000053021507,0.00005053174,0.005984319,0.00029428373,0.000056075587,0.000027789687,0.00040421405,0.012327305,0.9796384,0.000018371144,0.0001863904,0.0009592751],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003319871,0.000095591444,0.003201455,0.0010045369,0.000024880454,0.0000781992,0.00034556317,0.40125558,0.58819497,0.000009068133,0.0017590796,0.0007111933],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00011910438,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000046509344,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.39144346,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024183042,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010192206,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999578},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2316031498","doi":"10.13034/jsst.v8i3.66","title":"Experimental Determination of Friction Factors in Two Phase Flow Through a Porous Medium","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Student Science and Technology","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Shields; Pressure drop; Pressure gradient; Mechanics; Shield; Porosity; Materials science; Flow (mathematics); Two-phase flow; Fluid dynamics; Porous medium; Nuclear engineering; Phase (matter); Environmental science; Geology; Chemistry; Composite material; Electromagnetic shielding; Engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.017863238213579734,"score_gpt":0.3236102900657247,"score_spread":0.305747051852145,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2316031498","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9950905,0.00034442503,0.0040344065,0.00005387544,0.00032587018,0.000037842008,3.9802813e-7,0.000012602114,0.00010008629],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99776304,0.000041134364,0.0021752547,0.0000031984177,0.000012403312,9.061228e-7,1.0017984e-7,0.0000028695035,0.0000010810285],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993858,0.000003092192,0.00020408466,0.000056936155,0.0002503548,0.00009976467],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99974215,0.0000066399452,0.00006497656,0.000046467638,0.00011084678,0.00002892178],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00028674814,0.000048607824,0.000113159,0.00038942875,0.000022687553,0.000011300956,0.00014354095,0.000028900267,9.361538e-7],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003289326,0.000039945662,0.0000095490905,0.00040834892,0.00012094068,0.0002951667,0.00003847742,0.00009297487,1.5729908e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000923318,0.00023137414,0.024305858,0.0000071509216,0.0000080638565,0.000030757175,0.0050692665,0.0011365748,0.95824254,0.00082138256,0.000020831565,0.010116995],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005566219,0.0017447493,0.010466963,0.000108709704,0.000022770117,0.00030929217,0.022538137,0.1314993,0.824953,0.0023585823,0.0001748837,0.00025734128],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007038601,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008814474,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.13328947,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012176981,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000039029488,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.16289368},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2317057049","doi":"10.1515/ijcre-2015-0165","title":"CFD Modeling with Experimental Validation of the Internal Hydrodynamics in a Pilot-Scale Slurry Bubble Column Reactor","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Chemical Reactor Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Syncrude","keywords":"Slurry; Bubble; Computational fluid dynamics; Turbulence; Bubble column reactor; Mechanics; Materials science; Turbulence kinetic energy; Superficial velocity; Chemical reactor; Multiphase flow; Thermodynamics; Flow (mathematics); Physics; Gas bubble; Composite material","score_opus":0.005536016298670072,"score_gpt":0.1982137717240751,"score_spread":0.19267775542540502,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2317057049","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9681014,0.000078154764,0.030828873,0.000060236176,0.00068055495,0.00005873288,0.000010441475,0.000023440194,0.0001581597],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983705,0.000026339523,0.0013740067,0.0000056529866,0.00017508642,0.0000038715457,0.0000020138775,0.00003852009,0.00000400149],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99873954,0.000007532583,0.0005255048,0.000103398954,0.0004524874,0.00017151957],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99944085,0.00008903006,0.00012839783,0.00011968464,0.0001514298,0.000070632326],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014425864,0.00015293123,0.0002092651,0.00015077885,0.0000033958681,0.000026438549,0.00042604347,0.000058847792,0.00001225871],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008691714,0.00010174221,0.00009828366,0.00009997739,0.00002392733,0.00030618306,0.00006264027,0.00024699103,7.916645e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000075673895,0.000051785708,0.00079942256,0.000011495656,0.00006962639,0.000009086863,0.00013685289,0.05645725,0.94205415,0.0001272568,0.0000072583903,0.00020013867],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00077832915,0.000041313066,0.000098573066,0.00060994946,0.000009036779,0.0000845417,0.000020421616,0.39315906,0.60499465,0.000032865308,0.000050286868,0.00012099792],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000019142979,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003902756,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3370595,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00046364803,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000036944904,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4148927},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2318107871","doi":"10.4006/0836-1398-27.4.612","title":"Pressure within a bubble revisited","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physics Essays","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Physics; Mechanics","score_opus":0.005323329462106135,"score_gpt":0.1838685649698825,"score_spread":0.17854523550777635,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2318107871","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.030422773,0.00073804584,0.500191,0.00006150099,0.0007607511,0.00023374631,0.000027241187,0.0010597685,0.46650517],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979758,0.000013398324,0.0013359978,0.000059383747,0.0002434123,0.000007975779,0.000014264956,0.0000364132,0.00031332026],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99953485,0.000010661019,0.00010234159,0.00010899773,0.00008911067,0.00015405817],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99967206,0.000021477917,0.000016173102,0.0002228176,0.000024127312,0.00004336954],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009647662,0.00010086866,0.0001224839,0.000015625812,0.000037136335,0.000033593617,0.000103472834,0.000034431272,0.000010206993],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000010898681,0.0001015925,0.00003667939,0.00010603035,0.000010493663,0.0000839019,0.000023943077,0.00011143922,0.0000629207],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002187754,0.000019618024,0.00017161065,0.00021482349,0.000061768966,0.0000010964486,0.00038970684,0.24816711,0.019232692,0.7217984,0.0045054657,0.0054354984],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00013391407,0.000008107816,0.00002254176,0.000034875477,0.000020018417,7.2513495e-7,0.0000039739925,0.9449649,0.0010302322,0.048147026,0.0054892018,0.00014450036],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000006952956,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000012405429,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9675531,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000009417115,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000037318798,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.41428217},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2318219781","doi":"10.2514/6.2014-2822","title":"Fluid-Structure Interactions in a Tube Bundle Subject to Cross-Flow. Part B : Two-Phase Flow Modeling","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Bundle; Flow (mathematics); Two-phase flow; Mechanics; Tube (container); Computer science; Materials science; Physics; Mechanical engineering; Engineering","score_opus":0.011369512701710854,"score_gpt":0.2749587947973331,"score_spread":0.26358928209562227,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2318219781","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.66736066,0.000024582127,0.32840696,0.000041854768,0.00069332257,0.000111004774,0.00002206417,0.00020176901,0.0031377934],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98552614,0.000005314534,0.013625033,0.00015337426,0.00021129324,0.000019041425,0.000031416643,0.000048564405,0.0003798059],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99897265,0.000016054179,0.00030386893,0.00024137522,0.00010682131,0.00035924753],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99948686,0.000042438616,0.0000086915925,0.00029041673,0.000041725867,0.00012986339],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014319282,0.00018958263,0.00019611353,0.00018053038,0.00006943897,0.00012328215,0.00014160037,0.00005181413,0.00027544086],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000056215627,0.00018829691,0.00006449008,0.00023188253,0.000008632479,0.00020516501,0.000049868497,0.00023154399,0.00006437391],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010541411,0.000024289866,0.0001369253,0.000016844935,0.000011558168,0.0000021146325,0.00027612352,0.9757806,0.019537263,0.0004642969,0.00034989062,0.0033895648],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00069443195,0.000027468272,0.000028372584,0.00003840307,0.000005460049,0.000009382549,0.000024941393,0.99462885,0.0012810396,0.00029957236,0.0027264701,0.00023562125],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00022794602,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002910036,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3181655,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011064657,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013592931,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7678525},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2319932114","doi":"10.1021/ef100846r","title":"Simulations of Axial Mixing of Liquids in a Long Horizontal Pipe for Industrial Applications","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Energy & Fuels","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Buoyancy; Mixing (physics); Mechanics; Turbulence; Reynolds number; Computational fluid dynamics; Pipeline transport; Mixing patterns; Range (aeronautics); Computer simulation; Materials science; Geology; Mechanical engineering; Physics; Engineering","score_opus":0.009358108985921786,"score_gpt":0.2232330263010148,"score_spread":0.213874917315093,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2319932114","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8771,0.00005268101,0.12172248,0.000008182297,0.0002893899,0.00013351852,0.00005076297,0.000030868512,0.0006121033],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977208,0.000006371778,0.0018619116,0.0000025867296,0.00024816173,0.00005868315,0.00004429104,0.000021818796,0.00003536944],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994166,0.000005368929,0.0002761951,0.00009610499,0.000068190246,0.00013755263],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996372,0.00010177368,0.00003730302,0.00015195544,0.000038681832,0.00003307104],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007970611,0.00008027246,0.00015187096,0.0001307446,0.000023852263,0.00000643694,0.000101733414,0.00012261301,0.000015735086],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000028164404,0.00009173884,0.00005807051,0.0001789746,0.000025098303,0.0000628181,0.000019443836,0.000112369744,2.9366484e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014268269,0.00004364421,0.00058170466,0.000031318912,0.000022080589,3.4599444e-7,0.00011544089,0.04342483,0.9200115,0.024351232,0.000017801562,0.011385791],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0026967074,0.00017777488,0.0014461841,0.000090673406,0.000050654668,0.0000024810706,0.00005846362,0.30813894,0.6717937,0.0027236163,0.012357465,0.00046335722],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00011990456,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010890379,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2647141,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000018530422,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000029732904,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.37410012},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2320046850","doi":"10.2514/6.2006-3068","title":"Experimental study of multiphase flow with a one-dimensional Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Wavefront; Computer science; Flow (mathematics); Wavefront sensor; Multiphase flow; Adaptive optics; Optics; Computer vision; Physics; Mechanics","score_opus":0.00750685438095275,"score_gpt":0.19921528352057752,"score_spread":0.19170842913962477,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2320046850","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9930976,0.000091302405,0.004127875,0.000004326262,0.00007600065,0.0002602258,0.0000092738155,0.00013525262,0.0021981152],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97721666,3.1938706e-7,0.022256818,0.000010077082,0.000038952847,0.000016567912,0.0000140741195,0.000030881205,0.00041565963],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99929255,0.000008013764,0.00019033153,0.00015127583,0.00018612546,0.00017170029],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99973744,0.000014595193,0.000015204175,0.00016207312,0.000028480978,0.000042222946],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000038469363,0.00013595872,0.00016411497,0.000058133348,0.000033001772,0.000011633397,0.000052945004,0.00002798643,0.00011272749],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000011112867,0.00011372938,0.000029189992,0.00005927282,0.00001635967,0.00006144126,0.000024811194,0.00005986578,0.00001374004],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000062786945,0.0018378187,0.0006951331,0.000018317807,0.000094177594,0.00004877645,0.00057691074,0.7007902,0.29484078,0.00018651727,0.000633328,0.00021523137],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0022283585,0.00039924833,0.0017895756,0.000017663739,0.000017093353,0.0000087943945,0.0006262122,0.9446274,0.05001651,0.0000041972344,0.000056487588,0.00020845415],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00030790342,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00028354282,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.24482428,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004024401,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000625635,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.46377495},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2322855617","doi":"10.1115/gt2005-68663","title":"Separation-Bubble-Transition Measurements on a Low-Re Airfoil Using Particle Image Velocimetry","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":74,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Research Council Canada; Pratt and Whitney Canada","keywords":"Airfoil; Reynolds number; Bubble; Particle image velocimetry; Mechanics; Turbulence; Physics; Vortex; Flow separation; Flow visualization; Vortex shedding; Freestream; Leading edge; Optics; Flow (mathematics)","score_opus":0.021683281179928328,"score_gpt":0.2612549004243845,"score_spread":0.23957161924445616,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2322855617","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8895663,0.000057077985,0.100279875,0.00009858472,0.0001331601,0.00009654907,0.0000036149204,0.00024111118,0.0095237065],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.992244,0.0000056945373,0.007300528,0.00020270365,0.000102193844,0.0000048994248,0.00000784936,0.000027382826,0.000104772036],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992953,0.000011078929,0.00016899669,0.0001273195,0.0001814415,0.00021585611],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997455,0.000011157593,0.000010910675,0.0001350314,0.000037247715,0.00006017837],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012209451,0.000115602445,0.00009148856,0.000046839134,0.00007265334,0.000048716545,0.00005152928,0.00004767476,0.00016059956],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000006487635,0.00011918797,0.000042992593,0.00013281492,0.000009748327,0.00023165283,0.0000063913203,0.0000793899,0.00017328814],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000075917073,0.00004203338,0.00007135707,0.00002579181,0.000027522581,0.0000017850531,0.00028844553,0.6013914,0.3957136,0.00018327315,0.00049793866,0.0017492713],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00031455682,0.000013103181,0.00021379466,0.00003013508,0.000011709742,0.0000014075043,0.000039511786,0.8747474,0.1243293,0.000020250236,0.0001372581,0.00014159725],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000020279595,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004414525,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.273356,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015212577,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001123312,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.48603445},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2323332686","doi":"10.1021/ie101171j","title":"New Impeller for Viscous Fermentation: Power Input and Mass Transfer Coefficient Correlations","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Impeller; Reciprocating motion; Mass transfer coefficient; Mixing (physics); Mass transfer; Carboxymethyl cellulose; Mechanics; Materials science; Bioreactor; Rotational speed; Agitator; Slip factor; Volume (thermodynamics); Chemistry; Mechanical engineering; Chromatography; Physics; Thermodynamics; Engineering","score_opus":0.06746015092971575,"score_gpt":0.2849292178178546,"score_spread":0.21746906688813883,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2323332686","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8157176,0.00047394453,0.17131008,0.00010162539,0.0013626044,0.0011225662,0.00009558602,0.00046985742,0.009346161],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977364,0.000026933074,0.00055711286,0.000002376282,0.00030693275,0.00005679661,0.00002740536,0.000059948183,0.0012261069],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99884224,0.000007132,0.00023285499,0.00022157002,0.00024276871,0.00045341087],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99942195,0.000088765824,0.0000068276954,0.00018674845,0.00007692092,0.00021877298],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003034943,0.00016637285,0.00015197923,0.00008941913,0.000087668974,0.00006661323,0.0001514325,0.00023298014,0.0002072256],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000078316625,0.0001861365,0.000050451286,0.00025739244,0.000031210075,0.00007977262,0.000027237056,0.00051496795,0.000007686873],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000050739392,0.000025630892,0.00011239104,0.00010766121,0.00008883784,0.000009472156,0.0008979998,0.045661427,0.94701284,0.0005743021,0.0031771099,0.0022816008],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0030450397,0.00012978955,0.00019560629,0.00016530986,0.00003620611,0.00002417433,0.0002792054,0.5928952,0.38919613,0.00011678791,0.01328597,0.0006305506],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000018791308,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.485342e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5578167,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012575652,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000079621626,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7590426},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2324063831","doi":"10.1021/ie201108b","title":"Heat Transfer in a Slurry Bubble Column Reactor: A Critical Overview","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":39,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Heat transfer; Bubble; Thermodynamics; Rheology; Heat transfer coefficient; Slurry; Mechanics; Particle (ecology); Materials science; Flow (mathematics); Chemistry; Physics","score_opus":0.16847465960531527,"score_gpt":0.32346346022408545,"score_spread":0.15498880061877018,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2324063831","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9877368,0.0011259282,0.00013427118,0.00005466242,0.0004944456,0.00028566126,0.00003414541,0.0003334127,0.009800679],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990816,0.00016737841,0.000058584814,0.000003936177,0.00038897316,0.000094319024,0.000012257791,0.00008521503,0.0001077506],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99786425,0.000030086047,0.00039913974,0.00032812613,0.00044783365,0.0009305527],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99901956,0.00023734495,0.0000017487306,0.0003787688,0.00008100137,0.00028156862],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008453665,0.00024179704,0.0003245842,0.00015158126,0.00005025902,0.00006961048,0.00036263638,0.0004517033,0.00045485466],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00041731197,0.00028635468,0.000086722546,0.00067078136,0.00007173572,0.00014999889,0.00007286783,0.0016981382,0.000028083216],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000037413003,0.000086032254,0.00022765186,0.0004483729,0.00003653179,0.0001643568,0.00038625728,0.0026345016,0.99403095,0.00048804528,0.0008973884,0.0005625125],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0021145681,0.0000930027,0.0002996602,0.0010662172,0.00002124961,0.00006631063,0.00017526877,0.200032,0.7760403,0.0000992051,0.019043772,0.00094842486],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00030031067,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000014373526,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2179906,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00034259536,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000113128546,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999589},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2326846938","doi":"10.1115/fedsm2006-98337","title":"The Radial Migration of Bubbles in Two-Phase Bubbly Flow in Vertical Pipes","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Mechanics; Materials science; Two-phase flow; Turbulence; Porosity; Void (composites); Lift (data mining); Radial velocity; Optics; Flow (mathematics); Composite material; Physics","score_opus":0.0037724129569175423,"score_gpt":0.2177336779651934,"score_spread":0.21396126500827586,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2326846938","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99020183,0.00020439546,0.006707054,0.00012819865,0.000114062575,0.000060654645,0.0000017114679,0.000022906906,0.002559171],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99911475,0.000027840504,0.00072097685,0.000011115332,0.00004462529,0.000005094894,0.0000042227143,0.000007182109,0.00006421814],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99957705,0.000009084936,0.00017991406,0.000053167983,0.000057984056,0.000122778],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99985296,0.00005471292,0.0000037287282,0.0000686689,0.0000075869348,0.000012359417],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009791588,0.000052456715,0.00007119843,0.000052242733,0.000012035359,0.00001388395,0.00004840831,0.00002252435,0.00000915178],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000012323255,0.000039917326,0.000018752698,0.00010402269,0.000016029222,0.000060690734,0.0000066828447,0.00005471762,0.0000033576575],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000628791,0.00018443164,0.00622934,0.00003865866,0.000011273892,0.000021577758,0.00038330577,0.6775847,0.22474383,0.0758969,0.003342284,0.011500834],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007025593,0.000010596236,0.0029929148,0.000008539832,0.000001542017,7.4686966e-7,0.000019538418,0.9875459,0.0070651136,0.0008744186,0.00072490337,0.00005321281],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013746648,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.027533697,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.30996123,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000032334494,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007655976,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9902113},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2327151781","doi":"10.1299/kikaib.78.207","title":"Bubble Break-Up Phenomena in a Venturi Tube","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"TRANSACTIONS OF THE JAPAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS Series B","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Venturi effect; Bubble; Mechanics; Breakup; Buoyancy; Materials science; Nozzle; Tube (container); Instability; Mechanical engineering; Physics; Thermodynamics; Engineering; Composite material","score_opus":0.006445532420346417,"score_gpt":0.18435577150083085,"score_spread":0.17791023908048442,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2327151781","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.56544346,0.0023348478,0.425196,0.0007127853,0.0037671935,0.00069458585,0.00017917591,0.0004088818,0.0012631003],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.995148,0.0002568821,0.0042645736,0.000017966417,0.000045837995,0.000013541764,0.0000026613411,0.000032349562,0.00021818964],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991751,0.0000130804465,0.00028444454,0.00008231229,0.00015874478,0.0002863257],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99958915,0.000041428375,0.00002795747,0.00025266016,0.000022252012,0.0000665698],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019920904,0.00013936096,0.00023529479,0.000031034022,0.00003896419,0.0000041621433,0.00021101993,0.00011507337,0.000055664277],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000005773383,0.00012451524,0.00028897362,0.0002987531,0.000053933603,0.00018980206,0.000011870503,0.00025185876,0.0000017760091],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000057053574,0.00035937416,0.00005698732,0.0012229816,0.0005941052,1.3412364e-7,0.016536744,0.6881086,0.27243507,0.0132982945,0.00090617384,0.00642443],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0021102673,0.00017965243,0.00074984616,0.00034810096,0.00024936828,0.000030137055,0.00952661,0.77970576,0.19914228,0.00082544144,0.006294182,0.000838323],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000044946628,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000012566789,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.42970455,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000080970116,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000135165565,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.50775844},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2328140333","doi":"10.1021/ie3036492","title":"Effects of Surfactant and Water Concentrations on Pipeline Flow of Emulsions","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Pulmonary surfactant; Emulsion; Laminar flow; Phase inversion; Turbulence; Volume (thermodynamics); Chemistry; Chromatography; Materials science; Thermodynamics; Organic chemistry; Physics","score_opus":0.02291740214517144,"score_gpt":0.2518059000418313,"score_spread":0.22888849789665985,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2328140333","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9988749,0.00012128041,0.00013308928,0.000051134135,0.00011972959,0.00024781283,0.000017030241,0.00005056846,0.00038442606],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995434,0.000053316122,0.00008572404,7.259785e-7,0.00012291486,0.00002667947,0.000015231119,0.000026235562,0.00012575004],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99902177,0.000012763786,0.000250174,0.0001299282,0.0002512674,0.00033411404],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99923015,0.00030554048,0.000011243871,0.00022306434,0.00011259009,0.00011742562],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002021467,0.000120724966,0.00019568742,0.00006590042,0.000031641728,0.00002270099,0.00015781447,0.00016452189,0.00007006994],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00032572317,0.000103311795,0.000035507175,0.00015302324,0.00005312182,0.000053179967,0.00007106306,0.00046879082,0.000005711637],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004604006,0.000020839125,0.000036731617,0.00024004378,0.000022063927,0.000002393281,0.00007456234,0.061119154,0.9373775,0.000024561738,0.00047893068,0.00059859897],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00038049713,0.000020763136,0.00005883067,0.00013368465,0.0000045210186,0.0000011753056,0.0000139407675,0.25768664,0.7414456,0.000011834463,0.00016826151,0.00007421728],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000042666543,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.016896e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.19656749,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000047972087,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000020344985,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4212933},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2328146262","doi":"10.1021/ie102388y","title":"Dynamic Performance of Continuous-Flow Mixing of Pseudoplastic Fluids Exhibiting Yield Stress in Stirred Reactors","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Impeller; Mixing (physics); Inlet; Shear thinning; Mechanics; Materials science; Residence time distribution; Slip factor; Axial compressor; Flow (mathematics); Shear stress; Agitator; Mechanical engineering; Rheology; Engineering; Composite material; Physics; Gas compressor","score_opus":0.05031951216063625,"score_gpt":0.2531899457965705,"score_spread":0.20287043363593427,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2328146262","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9978291,0.00015803931,0.00015641254,0.0000031386514,0.000245567,0.00018644569,0.00004333866,0.00009864346,0.0012793135],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993068,0.00006108416,0.00034016877,2.2067091e-7,0.00009647082,0.000022842985,0.000017806173,0.00006858094,0.00008605295],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99787,0.000019485973,0.00068919203,0.00027212853,0.0004610048,0.0006881726],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99893177,0.00038065374,0.000060004564,0.00035575347,0.00014255832,0.00012925187],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00079918787,0.00024817357,0.0004463906,0.00028521687,0.000032278447,0.000019156405,0.00040261104,0.00034881945,0.00007008058],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00069157395,0.00028793517,0.00007817419,0.0007075777,0.000086032596,0.00013848915,0.00012161636,0.0011524657,0.0000020044288],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000045845627,0.00004513194,0.00593763,0.00067331694,0.00003880736,0.000017684453,0.00030420482,0.0912861,0.9005429,0.0000073011324,0.000023233422,0.001077859],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004194617,0.00004394372,0.0005714398,0.0010351359,0.000006310159,0.000004969858,0.00012563121,0.45093054,0.54667777,0.0000018963551,0.000011247223,0.00017167871],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00013834576,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000073535543,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3596444,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001957235,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000089751826,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99995726},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2328537540","doi":"10.1515/1542-6580.3049","title":"New Correlations of Volumetric Liquid-Phase Mass Transfer Coefficients in Gas-Inducing Agitated Tank Reactors","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Chemical Reactor Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Impeller; Mass transfer; Mass transfer coefficient; Volume (thermodynamics); Dispersion (optics); Mechanics; Thermodynamics; Liquid phase; Range (aeronautics); Phase (matter); Materials science; Liquid liquid; Chemistry; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chromatography; Physics; Composite material; Optics","score_opus":0.007910467811807287,"score_gpt":0.2361229970414524,"score_spread":0.2282125292296451,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2328537540","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8422283,0.000368959,0.15568542,0.000022490201,0.0014268649,0.00004590781,0.000011771357,0.000031203257,0.00017906824],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9968552,0.00005744022,0.0027080881,0.0000050385615,0.00031522728,0.0000011081049,0.000013869262,0.00004026317,0.0000037404855],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99852145,0.000006672171,0.0006971863,0.00008028952,0.00042897646,0.0002654279],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999265,0.00018822946,0.00007695621,0.00008681533,0.0001747521,0.00020823014],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021445887,0.00016282962,0.00026447346,0.00063023635,0.0000027128012,0.000020560286,0.0002734277,0.00011011934,0.000038170358],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003698991,0.00016970353,0.0001352748,0.00039485423,0.00000994744,0.00038491018,0.0000174903,0.0004141188,0.0000028021102],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000048476246,0.0000859676,0.0005235084,0.000018000403,0.000113009824,0.000013931741,0.00031730355,0.019335387,0.976663,0.00024327174,0.00006306017,0.0025751041],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0027466745,0.0000865667,0.0006342691,0.000565949,0.000056351135,0.00011245059,0.000042633008,0.2500634,0.7435858,0.000023496536,0.0017043334,0.00037807337],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000016433976,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.2813194e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.23307717,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000337439,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000039263083,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6920309},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2329140767","doi":"10.1021/ie5017927","title":"Negative Impact of High Stirring Speed in Laboratory-Scale Three-Phase Hydrogenations","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Impeller; Mass transfer; Rushton turbine; Mass transfer coefficient; Turbine; Mechanics; Materials science; Volumetric flow rate; Chemistry; Kinetic energy; Thermodynamics; Chromatography; Physics","score_opus":0.03528201996634492,"score_gpt":0.3209178456747038,"score_spread":0.2856358257083589,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2329140767","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9981915,0.00004834032,0.0005593022,0.000015454036,0.000121219346,0.0001877956,0.00008747867,0.00012309516,0.0006658278],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994171,0.000007755424,0.00009142438,4.2388717e-7,0.00035036483,0.000018634157,0.000025225878,0.000057873076,0.000031179457],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99839604,0.00002819545,0.00037686815,0.00023541429,0.00039487795,0.0005686079],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99897796,0.00032006396,0.000028926155,0.00033398852,0.00015766367,0.00018141158],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008428177,0.00020681474,0.00031210284,0.00023732617,0.00004398955,0.00004858872,0.00030405246,0.00026650185,0.000076160075],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006373342,0.00022578407,0.00008282071,0.0010654652,0.00005781621,0.00011973521,0.00007843541,0.0010055396,0.0000069939333],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013924017,0.000035053767,0.000619302,0.000050404942,0.000037086305,0.000004709138,0.00005420945,0.36516732,0.6333118,0.00005244912,0.00007460257,0.0005791244],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0014465936,0.00004449248,0.0005216763,0.000120801,0.0000046738037,0.000001751484,0.000015897811,0.5800472,0.41748133,0.0000615814,0.00008086037,0.00017314321],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00037957708,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000019831079,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.21583048,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00044872725,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012242683,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9207207},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2332937464","doi":"10.1115/imece2013-63348","title":"Pressure Drop in Mini-Scale Coiled Tubing","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Pressure drop; Laminar flow; Tube (container); Curvature; Reynolds number; Mechanics; Radius of curvature; Materials science; RADIUS; Coiled tubing; Spiral (railway); Drop (telecommunication); Geometry; Mathematics; Physics; Mechanical engineering; Turbulence; Engineering; Composite material; Computer science; Mean curvature; Mean curvature flow","score_opus":0.00244714067798093,"score_gpt":0.15753277351165335,"score_spread":0.1550856328336724,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2332937464","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.92901623,0.0003364781,0.0050343038,0.000067005545,0.00021589355,0.00015070761,0.0000012927081,0.00023068789,0.06494742],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99577296,0.000017398896,0.0011144617,0.00003957933,0.000025280655,0.000018922434,0.0000020704551,0.000017403661,0.0029919546],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996059,0.0000036623137,0.000104800914,0.00007616227,0.000047346653,0.00016214231],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999837,0.000011292452,0.00000397423,0.00010254288,0.000010040754,0.000035158504],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00003559769,0.00006616732,0.00008134917,0.000043463548,0.000011109991,0.000029359795,0.000064413056,0.000043652835,0.00038818186],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000038260114,0.00006215702,0.000018155171,0.00006887725,0.0000057770185,0.000103289516,0.000018596407,0.00007359819,0.00011724227],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000045230768,0.00009628657,0.036675483,0.00039666594,0.00008316291,0.000021287271,0.002726468,0.28847948,0.5847011,0.0049816538,0.05007241,0.031761475],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00016054651,0.000004476169,0.010111938,0.000018195118,0.0000027826622,0.0000012338551,0.000057901874,0.9839539,0.00084290444,0.000104257786,0.0046351333,0.000106760075],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00019120717,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00016748035,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6954744,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000012331391,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000028305235,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4250319},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2334611245","doi":"10.1021/ie200707n","title":"Effect of Operating Parameters on the Mixing Performance of the Superblend Coaxial Mixer","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Impeller; Mixing (physics); Coaxial; Mechanics; Laminar flow; Ribbon; Power (physics); Turbulence; Materials science; Torque; Power consumption; Flow (mathematics); Control theory (sociology); Mechanical engineering; Physics; Computer science; Thermodynamics; Engineering","score_opus":0.0624676109345174,"score_gpt":0.26093860799238716,"score_spread":0.19847099705786975,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2334611245","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99696034,0.000046884048,0.0000071655772,0.000012708316,0.0002989808,0.00026924568,0.000009874043,0.000040874274,0.0023539225],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996793,0.000012992853,0.000024487606,0.0000015118235,0.00014475716,0.00003540113,0.0000018712321,0.00003952948,0.00006012125],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985981,0.000068296875,0.00030868343,0.00016023446,0.00044817795,0.00041649744],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99872935,0.00066859106,0.00002856376,0.0004479766,0.00006620765,0.000059299517],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0015488613,0.0001797098,0.00022822799,0.00005083626,0.0000982744,0.000023017408,0.00055910926,0.0001788564,0.00004598898],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006318679,0.00011605692,0.00010081999,0.0003959957,0.000116381896,0.000052846633,0.00012515165,0.0010563502,0.000002576687],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000043675493,0.000011975561,0.00081649475,0.00028182656,0.000054212025,0.0000016078745,0.00023422885,0.068631105,0.928944,0.00004118449,0.00010656522,0.0008331433],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00031993104,0.00010551376,0.00007955793,0.0003248961,0.000008747672,0.000003152033,0.00003299292,0.12522009,0.8737497,9.393585e-7,0.00005752506,0.00009696923],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000053572294,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.5589616e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.056588985,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000084167055,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000043475073,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4732664},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2338096655","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.5b01780","title":"Extraction of EPA/DHA from 18/12EE Fish Oil Using AgNO<sub>3</sub>(aq): Composition, Yield, and Effects of Solvent Addition on Interfacial Tension and Flow Pattern in Mini-Fluidic Systems","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Dalhousie University","keywords":"Surface tension; Chemistry; Extraction (chemistry); Aqueous solution; Yield (engineering); Solvent; Silver nitrate; Fish oil; Hexane; Heptane; Raw material; Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Organic chemistry; Thermodynamics; Fish <Actinopterygii>; Composite material; Fishery","score_opus":0.061367760872437574,"score_gpt":0.2750698576114271,"score_spread":0.21370209673898954,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2338096655","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9981906,0.00039095207,0.0006307664,0.0000120939885,0.0004553906,0.00016248904,0.00009489282,0.00003356314,0.000029294197],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993426,0.00012723122,0.000024053263,9.935374e-7,0.00036720122,0.000021095617,0.00007850332,0.00003520276,0.0000030692338],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986385,0.000037008147,0.0003970221,0.00024709603,0.0003926752,0.000287687],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99908614,0.00041994327,0.000050908107,0.00017474285,0.00012547166,0.00014281075],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00045291788,0.00019069779,0.00032691954,0.00017936916,0.000031636453,0.000045769782,0.00008873792,0.0003268866,0.000004538422],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002834355,0.00021462145,0.00003511174,0.0002105637,0.000048008205,0.00011075872,0.00006837826,0.00062155916,7.056869e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000061001923,0.00003923758,0.00012042588,0.00046999432,0.00003249034,0.000024751173,0.000110561494,0.07546917,0.91973317,6.487466e-7,0.00022655723,0.0037120183],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008287448,0.00005736603,0.00015463059,0.0018582911,0.000011635944,0.000011290173,0.0000500627,0.3922018,0.6046728,0.0000017744377,0.000029833698,0.00012177469],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00029161506,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004601764,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.31673265,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022652469,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000044253884,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.87520087},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2338427807","doi":"10.1115/ajkfluids2015-03227","title":"Flow Profiles and Gas/Liquid Separation in First and Second Generation Designs for Ebullated Reactors","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Syncrude","keywords":"Separator (oil production); Process engineering; Environmental science; Entrainment (biomusicology); Air separation; Flow (mathematics); Fluidized bed; Kerosene; Materials science; Petroleum engineering; Mechanics; Waste management; Chemistry; Engineering; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.031690495797199535,"score_gpt":0.23687781715433476,"score_spread":0.20518732135713522,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2338427807","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97740746,0.00019936603,0.02140401,0.00003674321,0.000086539854,0.00022983861,0.0000065764843,0.000052984702,0.0005764584],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9934993,0.00004980344,0.006197439,0.000011693337,0.000041806434,0.000026447497,0.00005222451,0.000013014541,0.00010827158],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99968815,0.000004957936,0.00010104165,0.00008931985,0.000029310346,0.00008724252],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99986935,0.000017031802,0.0000076217502,0.000042619697,0.000022143991,0.000041257936],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011127659,0.00006535922,0.0000688366,0.0000401196,0.000021687187,0.000033225613,0.000013138423,0.000051154704,0.0000076483775],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000014466399,0.00006260275,0.0000061383193,0.000037744943,0.0000059251656,0.00011907967,0.000006201784,0.000027934933,8.547343e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000967643,0.000027973156,0.0017894416,0.0002419234,0.000047819354,0.000003179212,0.0037108718,0.15586098,0.81779677,0.0029961336,0.013447871,0.003980248],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00034323242,0.000064319065,0.00021454092,0.000007087313,0.0000031437955,0.0000025010877,0.00003071168,0.9828503,0.015318993,0.00007647162,0.0010035419,0.00008517018],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000014305679,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001162821,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8269893,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000029800703,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000082869865,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2552866},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2340339999","doi":"10.3390/en9040293","title":"Influence of Droplet Size on Exergy Destruction in Flow of Concentrated Non-Newtonian Emulsions","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Energies","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Emulsion; Laminar flow; Mechanics; Materials science; Shear rate; Newtonian fluid; Volumetric flow rate; Turbulence; Non-Newtonian fluid; Volume (thermodynamics); Rheology; Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Composite material; Physics","score_opus":0.002478100643657371,"score_gpt":0.17702274449712832,"score_spread":0.17454464385347096,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2340339999","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9990524,0.00003904171,0.0004278402,0.000016182119,0.00010303447,0.000031694486,0.000011326755,0.00003305237,0.00028542712],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99870723,0.0001655359,0.0010503163,0.0000044821018,0.00001092923,0.000004344435,0.0000012519961,0.000011461433,0.000044463617],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995596,0.000007769528,0.00017597902,0.00007331085,0.00006788373,0.00011547113],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997327,0.00007396828,0.000024996238,0.00012088291,0.000026514172,0.000020971534],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00003059092,0.00007144657,0.0001218519,0.000058229172,0.000010171857,0.0000028054876,0.00006462468,0.000043844244,0.000012278285],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004387528,0.000056209603,0.000021606413,0.00012557989,0.00003841401,0.000071854694,0.000012114841,0.000034429708,0.0000019603842],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004417154,0.000004445695,0.000766193,0.000011715959,0.000003951521,8.92436e-7,0.00011214738,0.52428234,0.4732948,0.00056119554,0.000012633851,0.00094528863],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00089942035,0.000082051745,0.10701906,0.0006303748,0.0000071086306,0.0000022055804,0.00011110891,0.20948234,0.6809272,0.00042824564,0.0001961001,0.00021475146],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010831927,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007892532,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3148,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000034430966,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011969824,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2292161},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2341466117","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22507","title":"Bubble coalescence inhibition in volatile solutions at elevated temperatures","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Marangoni effect; Coalescence (physics); Mass transfer; Bubble; Boiling point; Boiling; Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Drop (telecommunication); Evaporation; Materials science; Mechanics; Chromatography; Surface tension; Organic chemistry; Physics","score_opus":0.005345998160649656,"score_gpt":0.1576509629187271,"score_spread":0.15230496475807745,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2341466117","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.997517,0.00046302393,0.0013606171,0.00031453389,0.00021196752,0.00003857222,0.000009735956,0.000021327436,0.00006323713],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996885,0.000010526983,0.00015228856,0.00001662142,0.00008340053,0.0000017331998,0.000001351956,0.000019219788,0.000026364198],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99935704,0.000005084259,0.00021866104,0.000050108683,0.00008353177,0.0002855954],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996086,0.00005154973,0.00002217603,0.00008599619,0.000040787043,0.00019092322],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015344135,0.00009079419,0.00011195277,0.00012822858,0.00004035721,0.000022591954,0.00009562069,0.000057981408,0.000027657967],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008678275,0.00006199113,0.000042740576,0.00015207203,0.00003043716,0.00009913953,0.000010118306,0.00021194037,0.000005154934],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000020125608,0.0000012792758,0.00014685547,0.000010247261,0.000008899829,0.000033179535,0.00006650202,0.03884077,0.95979685,0.00048937066,0.00053331937,0.00007073312],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010118214,0.000025472542,0.001314662,0.0010903353,0.00002253746,0.00061381137,0.000010246351,0.27582616,0.7166461,0.0004963388,0.002480589,0.00046197686],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00019883511,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001161583,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.24315077,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00054921466,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009015606,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2527925},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2342814252","doi":"10.1016/j.ces.2016.04.051","title":"Bubble swarm characteristics in a bubble column under high gas holdup conditions","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Science","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Syncrude (Canada); Western University; University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Syncrude","keywords":"Bubble; Distributor; Mechanics; Chemistry; Volumetric flow rate; Atmospheric pressure; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chromatography; Materials science; Thermodynamics; Meteorology; Physics","score_opus":0.004756922606901936,"score_gpt":0.18877271997993522,"score_spread":0.18401579737303328,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2342814252","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97378325,0.000031253312,0.024902036,0.00009490959,0.00047054794,0.0000837677,0.000027028347,0.00028418342,0.00032299996],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979221,0.000024725185,0.0018230119,0.000027283491,0.00006711407,0.000026409405,0.0000056925264,0.000030268366,0.0000733849],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987593,0.0000019190263,0.00023290647,0.00026581108,0.00021557823,0.000524481],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994419,0.00007926854,0.000016648517,0.0002462979,0.000043196338,0.00017267183],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017566043,0.00015924081,0.00018013903,0.0001632948,0.000042576037,0.000059294987,0.00032897116,0.000073601346,0.00003338924],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013999011,0.00014401608,0.000032215758,0.0005790545,0.00015160095,0.00025217963,0.00007186207,0.0001520484,0.000048407528],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[8.0420506e-7,0.000013495901,0.00012244264,0.000024532754,0.0000033014578,0.0000060920156,0.000026224196,0.017553588,0.9765772,0.0053168098,0.0000782337,0.00027726835],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007940225,0.000021814207,0.009881443,0.0003866901,0.000010389432,0.000030394685,0.000013588322,0.5229093,0.463401,0.0010397735,0.00077048247,0.0007411332],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000010281802,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000011410709,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5131762,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00031969592,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000048993745,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5872805},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2345416723","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22527","title":"Behaviour and dynamics of two bubbles in conjunct condition in high‐viscosity liquids","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Bubble; Viscosity; Mechanics; Drag; Work (physics); Range (aeronautics); Materials science; Thermodynamics; Physics; Volume (thermodynamics); Composite material","score_opus":0.0032920357288207347,"score_gpt":0.17522285449035327,"score_spread":0.17193081876153254,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2345416723","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9979047,0.0002323685,0.0014866777,0.00016235132,0.0001253552,0.000037355287,0.000018298793,0.0000060310344,0.000026830017],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99969184,0.000014710071,0.0002331561,0.0000063573248,0.000032124877,0.0000010436189,0.0000016885808,0.000016052709,0.0000029948658],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.999402,0.0000066534644,0.00028123765,0.000049379392,0.00006976375,0.00019099755],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996622,0.00006722837,0.000032876447,0.00007030738,0.000029212408,0.00013815796],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021417304,0.00008982751,0.00018319879,0.00019211906,0.000008795961,0.000011908154,0.000116347546,0.00005588699,0.000008323447],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000052022024,0.000066134366,0.000029085493,0.00010718565,0.00004360649,0.00009009576,0.0000089614805,0.00019590674,2.592432e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000027282556,0.000019890602,0.050888207,0.0001818338,0.00007524213,0.00020679212,0.00064660265,0.20868151,0.71102875,0.02521865,0.00006914158,0.0029561135],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005693501,0.0001468229,0.0663133,0.0028898087,0.00008954338,0.00047203878,0.00007573799,0.734366,0.18447429,0.0044873315,0.000057735982,0.0009339074],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0018711194,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0074890214,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.52655447,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00033235032,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000063245076,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.41790497},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2346477452","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22524","title":"Modelling and experimental study of pressure elution of high‐viscosity substances with a low‐viscosity liquid from granular bed","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Narodowe Centrum Nauki","keywords":"Elution; Viscosity; Porous medium; Granular material; Volumetric flow rate; Materials science; Chromatography; Process (computing); Saturation (graph theory); Work (physics); Mechanics; Petroleum engineering; Process engineering; Porosity; Computer science; Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Geology; Mathematics; Composite material; Engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.004643569930210438,"score_gpt":0.1626231338679937,"score_spread":0.15797956393778326,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2346477452","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9839799,0.0018316003,0.013977053,0.000016177004,0.000076811295,0.00008495207,0.00002015363,0.000009257273,0.0000041079415],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993828,0.000009498587,0.00053615804,0.0000014142057,0.000047641588,0.0000015133977,7.337169e-7,0.000019406567,8.4709984e-7],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993212,0.00000967006,0.00027008352,0.00007899257,0.00015375472,0.00016629817],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99953914,0.000048449885,0.00007185596,0.000121453195,0.000057675836,0.00016141353],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011824682,0.00012287275,0.00025782536,0.00007451511,0.000027752261,0.000012186903,0.0001556071,0.000048246806,0.000005040639],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000010248588,0.000079937025,0.00003632038,0.000076528515,0.000050255207,0.00011922515,0.00001135785,0.00014384727,6.575205e-8],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000058878206,0.000019750118,0.00019001024,0.00003020858,0.000110929206,0.000007928049,0.000920617,0.56642187,0.4321341,0.00007463309,0.0000023701123,0.000028726892],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010854444,0.0002363253,0.00017412197,0.00044498892,0.00009791017,0.000016249578,0.00010069443,0.27356672,0.72406435,0.000040599876,0.000006181655,0.0001663745],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0027499285,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00046569313,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2928551,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000073104726,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000041533494,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.41570878},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2346930832","doi":"10.1016/j.ces.2016.05.003","title":"Analysis of power consumption and gas holdup distribution for an aerated reactor equipped with a coaxial mixer: Novel correlations for the gas flow number and gassed power","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Science","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":47,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Coaxial; Power consumption; Mechanics; Power (physics); Aeration; Flow (mathematics); Distribution (mathematics); Chemistry; Environmental science; Materials science; Nuclear engineering; Process engineering; Mathematics; Waste management; Thermodynamics; Engineering; Electrical engineering; Physics; Mathematical analysis","score_opus":0.00966230200768592,"score_gpt":0.22318228863731981,"score_spread":0.2135199866296339,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2346930832","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5680261,0.000015947748,0.43156466,0.00002274378,0.000057037552,0.00013624548,0.00013658388,0.000036627138,0.0000040039645],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9950046,0.000011056902,0.004871352,0.0000036045187,0.000012832568,0.00003780986,0.000040632443,0.000013853466,0.000004259079],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992825,0.000001613527,0.00015514277,0.00021035143,0.00012197694,0.00022846258],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993204,0.00028797434,0.000029101851,0.00015207472,0.0001175826,0.00009289812],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021252528,0.00011753058,0.00015744704,0.00006342119,0.0000630867,0.00004601286,0.00009671061,0.00005338275,0.000004498904],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00019975533,0.00007689973,0.000035761856,0.0003677659,0.00017839592,0.00020635706,0.00001982992,0.00005093292,2.1153332e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000025191463,0.0000130806275,0.0006075464,0.000019241123,0.00005839524,7.381635e-8,0.00007056245,0.015739972,0.98204535,0.0011361653,0.000014682273,0.00026973366],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005763117,0.000034223103,0.0050818683,0.00003855761,0.00012562281,0.0000046268174,0.000008457786,0.96687603,0.027054105,0.0000103279845,0.00005638593,0.00013350224],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002883122,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000014874319,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9549913,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000059387094,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000019116083,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.313588},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2352699696","doi":"","title":"Bubble Behavior Analysis in Gas-solid Fluidized Bed Based on Image Processing Technology","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"CAE (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Fluidized bed; Centroid; Image processing; Digital image analysis; Mechanics; Digital image processing; Materials science; Digital image; Slugging; Flow (mathematics); Biological system; Computer vision; Image (mathematics); Artificial intelligence; Computer science; Physics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.008680078382648235,"score_gpt":0.22102343639713481,"score_spread":0.2123433580144866,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2352699696","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9600678,0.000059714144,0.02803088,0.000027220205,0.00005396375,0.0001637504,0.000003878192,0.000556206,0.011036564],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9775567,0.000007260448,0.02225586,0.000028140379,0.000006819163,0.000060153572,0.000009978115,0.0000307355,0.00004436799],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991721,0.000007747674,0.00023480385,0.00020477969,0.00008995964,0.00029060466],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99964094,0.000009687571,0.000018664341,0.00025282087,0.000034286306,0.00004360872],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011473732,0.00014778515,0.0002505717,0.00093139836,0.000031288666,0.000022563774,0.00014911401,0.00011865606,0.0002431232],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000014045025,0.00014236379,0.000072569565,0.001208666,0.000027109643,0.00008478052,0.000021395488,0.00015271285,0.000025989679],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000056897818,0.0005323462,0.038053524,0.00012974221,0.00017444753,0.00023101164,0.0005331997,0.011709184,0.9207892,0.0013079651,0.00012890264,0.026353583],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00048867054,0.00003393123,0.0021002966,0.000021984455,0.0001299923,0.0000012337866,0.00006311329,0.8756509,0.121186204,0.00008635862,0.00001469874,0.00022260837],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000787481,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00021578111,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8639417,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006794629,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016296764,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5805427},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2358936569","doi":"","title":"EFFECT OF NO ON THE SPECIATION OF MERCURY IN COALFIRED FLUE GASES","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Engineering Thermophysics","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"CAE (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Flue gas; Mercury (programming language); Coal; Environmental chemistry; Flue; Environmental science; Chemistry; Waste management","score_opus":0.002865238967932936,"score_gpt":0.176188962294885,"score_spread":0.17332372332695206,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2358936569","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9958523,0.00015958023,0.0033390708,0.0000135031705,0.00034289667,0.00006854765,0.0000033543001,0.000011623393,0.0002091206],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994836,0.000080087004,0.00027018588,0.0000036112885,0.0001334662,0.0000011766272,5.394584e-7,0.000025189227,0.0000021476537],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99935275,0.000015735219,0.00032044522,0.000039033548,0.0001669089,0.0001051403],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994714,0.00023374552,0.00010429721,0.00011800379,0.000050446637,0.000022098666],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00029788644,0.0001098505,0.00025101457,0.00009872744,0.000007236254,0.000005506444,0.00013252825,0.00003669849,0.0000031767152],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000095227406,0.00007865084,0.00010874901,0.00016447745,0.000010711949,0.000067225395,0.000009096503,0.00018710845,0.0000018867537],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000024243562,0.000018864104,0.000029081059,0.00008324974,0.000036763406,0.000004288182,0.0001211834,0.73698354,0.2606241,0.0014052194,0.000008053922,0.0006613907],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0020818936,0.0013285482,0.007464015,0.0017917639,0.000081910264,0.000016864244,0.000027795955,0.3433848,0.6426586,0.00075720466,0.00008911286,0.0003174982],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005776147,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.955348e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.39359874,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008111717,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013569517,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3207288},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2363811512","doi":"","title":"Correlation and Prediction of Solids Holdups of Gas-Solid Two-Phase Flow in Fully Developed Region of CFB Risers","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Chemical Engineering of Chinese Universities","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Fluidized bed combustion; Mechanics; Work (physics); Particle (ecology); Flow (mathematics); Phase (matter); Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Physics; Geology; Fluidized bed","score_opus":0.00411786686754288,"score_gpt":0.19644233352958065,"score_spread":0.19232446666203779,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2363811512","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97327614,0.0003241569,0.02609369,0.000014901893,0.000102483355,0.00003809475,0.0000108757295,0.000011190912,0.00012848219],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99516755,0.00012768991,0.0046349377,8.50558e-7,0.000045054832,1.3723731e-7,0.0000042224315,0.000013600675,0.0000059561103],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.999155,0.0000065334903,0.00052057893,0.000053532836,0.00016569246,0.000098671975],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994819,0.00006908957,0.00018913213,0.00006902552,0.000143235,0.000047620873],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012395708,0.00011627055,0.00036560427,0.00037589102,0.0000053654935,0.0000024591961,0.00009119058,0.000077555815,0.0000024015085],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004355736,0.00011649014,0.00008068978,0.00020054412,0.00004563674,0.00026506055,0.000022321403,0.00016905954,3.0475487e-8],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000889945,0.000031600768,0.000619068,0.00021200051,0.00005184906,0.0000047915387,0.0009817001,0.65335315,0.34419945,0.0001092161,0.000014437401,0.00033373546],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0018971602,0.0000756794,0.0012288011,0.0003558688,0.00003627788,0.00004267476,0.00016299891,0.9321481,0.06391282,0.00003952487,0.000013575369,0.00008651677],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007156068,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000011447429,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2802866,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000098966026,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000041141797,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.47503302},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2396452591","doi":"10.1061/9780784479872.046","title":"Field Study on the Dissipation of Supersaturated Total Dissolved Gases in a Cascade Reservoir System","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2016","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"BC Hydro (Canada); University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Cascade; Supersaturation; Dissipation; Field (mathematics); Environmental science; Materials science; Mechanics; Petroleum engineering; Nuclear engineering; Thermodynamics; Physics; Chemical engineering; Engineering; Mathematics","score_opus":0.006112140652599589,"score_gpt":0.17680459568550028,"score_spread":0.17069245503290068,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2396452591","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9989306,0.000121884696,0.00000816038,0.00017073585,0.00009244307,0.0002396796,0.000024396075,0.000028168417,0.00038395368],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998754,0.000022308657,0.0000022683728,0.000008713331,0.000021218302,0.000029304836,0.000003891823,0.000016428747,0.0011418626],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993181,0.000046188165,0.00019306644,0.00014817521,0.00011773951,0.00017669756],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99967575,0.00009803043,0.000017762683,0.00016920127,0.0000014835423,0.000037770864],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000094935735,0.00012935432,0.00013901053,0.0000716389,0.00004854469,0.00001850207,0.00008938778,0.000029756131,0.00005581646],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000032342716,0.000057545312,0.000027457474,0.000030455893,0.000057140576,0.00006810595,0.000066297136,0.00006903938,0.000013227793],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005196122,0.00032634358,0.31482267,0.00014453183,0.00019520815,0.00008856488,0.011646113,0.0012876887,0.66357803,0.00015596353,0.00046231705,0.006772943],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005054376,0.0010398715,0.6608044,0.0021909592,0.00009425039,0.000025602341,0.010703598,0.020328945,0.29444835,0.000058493493,0.0040957946,0.0011553732],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008395803,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00011607822,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3691297,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000049734124,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":5.895517e-7,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.23466296},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2473836611","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22580","title":"CFD simulation of interfacial instability from the nozzle in the formation of viscous core‐annular flow","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Comisión de Operación y Fomento de Actividades Académicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional","keywords":"Mechanics; Turbulence; Volume of fluid method; Nozzle; Buoyancy; Instability; Froude number; Computational fluid dynamics; Two-phase flow; Materials science; Flow (mathematics); Thermodynamics; Physics","score_opus":0.008930422865695729,"score_gpt":0.18685097633983228,"score_spread":0.17792055347413654,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2473836611","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96625257,0.00018061361,0.033097647,0.00018768576,0.00015196275,0.0000666714,0.000025468804,0.00000417546,0.00003323325],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997459,0.0000035284495,0.00014782678,0.000012762662,0.000077419325,9.759256e-7,0.0000014388876,0.000009733922,4.0155646e-7],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99933493,0.000013098695,0.00035679305,0.000035198245,0.00012808296,0.0001318886],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993913,0.0002871877,0.000064344684,0.00014611299,0.00005974129,0.000051304614],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003766873,0.00007612505,0.00013594003,0.00005051383,0.000017673663,0.000011990577,0.0002828266,0.00004781525,0.000009995933],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00022291424,0.000038073533,0.00006166599,0.00011064924,0.00004293496,0.00011714146,0.000009066437,0.00018190917,4.562624e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007835324,0.0000027642648,0.0001520765,0.000018229754,0.000014959314,0.0000016370223,0.0016942205,0.8751806,0.12075549,0.00011660736,0.00002008246,0.00203547],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00025061073,0.000012654427,0.00082516816,0.00016556667,0.000014821814,0.0000067546744,0.000053548076,0.96587354,0.032286283,0.00031148185,0.0001371107,0.0000624541],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00055130466,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008419951,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.09069292,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014043551,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005109339,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.15525936},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2482054124","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2016.07.004","title":"Bubble formation process from a novel nozzle design in liquid cross-flow","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada; Western University","funders":"National Research Council Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Nozzle; Bubble; Materials science; Mechanics; Drag; Liquid bubble; Discharge coefficient; Flow (mathematics); Volumetric flow rate; Physics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.01099563852618099,"score_gpt":0.24263169892470188,"score_spread":0.2316360603985209,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2482054124","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5492249,0.00037095335,0.449475,0.00019067728,0.0005597187,0.000037940063,0.000021943826,0.00001251756,0.00010636241],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.990372,0.00036675067,0.008889888,0.000053048778,0.00027229128,0.0000033405356,0.00000490102,0.00001543248,0.000022362223],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.999178,0.000008858674,0.00037532975,0.00007447177,0.0002356184,0.00012771315],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99958646,0.000077380515,0.00003460681,0.000050206323,0.00019249727,0.000058827543],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021476096,0.00009857036,0.00013627764,0.00016913682,0.000020933423,0.00007068958,0.00017140865,0.000057401583,0.000042166663],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000045745783,0.00007276664,0.000044506112,0.000047449514,0.00001988738,0.00068204233,0.000019182084,0.00009181707,0.0000062945187],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00060402305,0.00008549857,0.0014344135,0.000025981435,0.00012359978,0.00006729534,0.0011233639,0.2092826,0.7688144,0.00021937884,0.0004656467,0.01775379],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0020730055,0.00010065947,0.0017112343,0.00035218234,0.0000075455446,0.00012543183,0.000023614024,0.96853226,0.025667705,0.0006835294,0.00057616795,0.00014666094],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000011814263,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000013826049,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7592497,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000110415654,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000028317529,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.29673377},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2483089823","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2016.07.001","title":"Determination of diffuser bubble size in computational fluid dynamics models to predict oxygen transfer in spiral roll aeration tanks","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Water Process Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":35,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Hydromantis Environmental Software Solutions (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Aeration; Diffuser (optics); Computational fluid dynamics; Bubble; Mechanics; Wastewater; Mass transfer; Mass transfer coefficient; Péclet number; Environmental science; Materials science; Environmental engineering; Chemistry; Physics; Optics","score_opus":0.005666428384129162,"score_gpt":0.18766257363290836,"score_spread":0.1819961452487792,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2483089823","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.54783547,0.000020081607,0.45187268,0.00004396398,0.00010942573,0.00008358502,0.0000048828456,0.000012574434,0.00001731285],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9951943,0.000014695989,0.004677946,0.000007352313,0.000046343408,0.000011419251,0.0000028878248,0.000033021963,0.000012015704],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99887365,0.000007675434,0.00059094676,0.00009207052,0.00021912855,0.00021654258],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99970305,0.000041201693,0.000024671699,0.000056723045,0.000113801914,0.000060522598],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002500128,0.00013814372,0.00023890774,0.0003615312,0.000008557521,0.00001927762,0.00012357021,0.00007461365,0.000004652727],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000019838977,0.00010174135,0.00004813915,0.00014487506,0.0000054976936,0.0005576786,0.00001110684,0.00012367274,6.0659164e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000023363433,0.000022847518,0.00049227604,0.00013322166,0.0000092782675,0.000008842926,0.0010293274,0.9421483,0.05463305,0.00008039007,9.196845e-7,0.0014181774],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009479676,0.00005529557,0.0015528395,0.0003283684,0.000006754907,0.000012985665,0.000026952157,0.982732,0.013702181,0.00049750274,0.0000037435907,0.00013341523],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000040576597,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000040419643,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.44735882,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022229244,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000019796551,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.41488922},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2491239191","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22601","title":"Effect of the rheological properties on the mixing of Herschel‐Bulkley fluids with coaxial mixers: Applications of tomography, CFD, and response surface methodology","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":61,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University; Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Coaxial; Mixing (physics); Mechanics; Materials science; Impeller; Rheology; Computational fluid dynamics; Response surface methodology; Herschel–Bulkley fluid; Mechanical engineering; Mathematics; Engineering; Composite material; Physics; Statistics","score_opus":0.010825443397705659,"score_gpt":0.18992945938593786,"score_spread":0.1791040159882322,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2491239191","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.994044,0.0006865873,0.004589723,0.00041440508,0.000060561124,0.0001649642,0.00000893298,0.00000696957,0.000023827983],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991121,0.000010574941,0.00081122667,0.000009712862,0.000027324812,0.000005356233,1.048917e-7,0.00001799175,0.000005597509],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99917763,0.00013464112,0.00029487905,0.00006858723,0.00013545761,0.00018878691],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99810755,0.0014257082,0.00008571563,0.00020474404,0.000074304335,0.00010200109],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012543203,0.00012912793,0.0002825677,0.00007741044,0.000038434955,0.000007764533,0.00032222783,0.00007824014,0.0000051600455],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004425357,0.000052006948,0.000097909215,0.00019852989,0.00032095457,0.000031935466,0.000021872856,0.00024232942,1.2003377e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00019361483,0.000002899391,0.00027642492,0.000076191136,0.00009770688,0.0000014655175,0.00026810676,0.013184566,0.9842335,0.0009382036,0.000015126751,0.0007121846],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003849948,0.00022063537,0.0003107032,0.00041982278,0.00006102531,0.00006390685,0.000034647717,0.005734896,0.99253774,0.000056958088,0.000079842066,0.000094844785],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00014767858,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000045347686,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.008304213,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005558374,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000827578,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.21207818},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2497399624","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22617","title":"Characteristics of water holdup for oil and water mixture flows in horizontal, vertical, and inclined pipes","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Froude number; Inclination angle; Mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Slippage; Geology; Work (physics); Environmental science; Geometry; Materials science; Mathematics; Physics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.003893341124257214,"score_gpt":0.16092404099473132,"score_spread":0.1570306998704741,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2497399624","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99845505,0.00018491397,0.000738746,0.00041610718,0.0001552946,0.00002330754,0.000012302037,0.00000573279,0.000008531303],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99951726,0.00004403937,0.00029262676,0.0000130902035,0.0000978979,0.0000021668543,0.000001609971,0.000022333199,0.000008990143],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99937016,0.0000033238493,0.00026390413,0.000055221124,0.000053407653,0.00025397426],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99964535,0.000060120205,0.000010084729,0.000066073095,0.00003645592,0.00018190258],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016793452,0.00010240467,0.00020061858,0.00008977079,0.000017598884,0.00002150239,0.00009162837,0.00007475259,0.0000053332146],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006202894,0.0000520036,0.000033937293,0.000024252762,0.000037069403,0.00006761304,0.00001396927,0.0001327779,2.8459127e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011519438,0.0000018289487,0.00009785491,0.00008236367,0.00002312481,0.000009505175,0.0002888024,0.00044497155,0.9947282,0.0000939184,0.000019389898,0.0041985386],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012700703,0.00007862664,0.0004627446,0.00048894447,0.00005113746,0.00011800651,0.000009958066,0.07404309,0.92074215,0.00019525607,0.002238133,0.00030186045],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000052533313,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00010894134,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07398601,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006356382,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000020346011,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.21206453},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W250503452","doi":"","title":"Dynamics of Fluid Particles in Turbulent Flows; CFD simulations, Model Development and Phenomenological Studies","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chalmers Publication Library (Chalmers University of Technology)","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Breakup; Turbulence; Mechanics; Computational fluid dynamics; Fluid dynamics; Eddy; Break-Up; Population; Phenomenological model; Two-fluid model; Statistical physics; Physics","score_opus":0.01435510390683773,"score_gpt":0.19320123771370293,"score_spread":0.1788461338068652,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W250503452","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9872886,0.0014607563,0.003726171,0.0062445397,0.000017811433,0.00017294292,0.000017864884,0.0002678274,0.00080348796],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96161574,0.0009160572,0.037291296,0.00001911418,0.0000040681007,0.0000015851159,0.00004705218,0.000014197993,0.00009090652],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992014,0.000010345903,0.0002770173,0.00021668458,0.00009347683,0.00020104219],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995749,0.000024924324,0.00008159653,0.0002099401,0.000058729664,0.00004989615],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007107125,0.00013824101,0.0002481395,0.0006908184,0.00006378416,0.0000068719733,0.00025035907,0.00016851956,0.000019112827],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000018795845,0.0001623597,0.00003066525,0.0005577281,0.00022083028,0.0005921343,0.00016056393,0.00013380972,0.000002213399],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000063084786,0.00040300738,0.008421259,0.000370836,0.000423794,0.000011194057,0.005586528,0.59843713,0.006803351,0.25079092,0.0006339827,0.12805493],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00043384644,0.000023984549,0.00043134158,0.000034386314,0.000012878707,0.00000235166,0.003176107,0.9907827,0.002211336,0.0016699227,0.0010527899,0.00016840402],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000017594475,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000014917535,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.39234555,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012058004,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000038196995,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6620837},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2510008262","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.5b00765","title":"In Situ Rheological Measurement of an Aqueous Polyester Dispersion during Emulsification","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Xerox (Canada); McMaster University","funders":"Xerox","keywords":"Impeller; Rheology; Polyester; Rheometer; Polymer; Materials science; Agitator; Aqueous solution; Dispersion (optics); Drop (telecommunication); Shear rate; Surface tension; Pulmonary surfactant; Shear (geology); Chemical engineering; Mixing (physics); In situ; Composite material; Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Organic chemistry; Mechanical engineering","score_opus":0.11410849415616367,"score_gpt":0.30434274806159806,"score_spread":0.1902342539054344,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2510008262","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99853283,0.00020464041,0.00005521888,0.000039338287,0.00017379707,0.00015452463,0.000003656352,0.00009584172,0.00074016006],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994979,0.0000148213985,0.000052869935,6.4148776e-7,0.0002976643,0.000023873265,0.000010951373,0.000031407017,0.00006987949],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983241,0.000032918335,0.00031408234,0.00022479362,0.0006721469,0.00043195725],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99928266,0.000039096292,0.00001794338,0.00029334656,0.00015213463,0.00021480588],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011125436,0.00014624852,0.00019428671,0.00013701305,0.00002471836,0.000033357603,0.0002575238,0.0002691417,0.000017006192],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00038941207,0.00015494885,0.00003577473,0.00037650985,0.000036733105,0.00015077516,0.00007478323,0.0007039595,0.0000057048437],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003643621,0.000041674597,0.00013537539,0.00007039129,0.000009883127,0.000023670624,0.00010738276,0.07368206,0.9252758,0.000013931579,0.000054771477,0.0005486364],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009415178,0.000037186765,0.00035495544,0.000111329886,0.0000030414283,0.000013627215,0.00009411758,0.11487814,0.88316244,0.0000127712165,0.00022001358,0.0001708577],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005057444,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005474924,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.04211334,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005634631,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006368418,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6318631},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2511100296","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22647","title":"Towards a unified approach for modelling uniform and non‐uniform bubbly flows","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":57,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft","keywords":"Turbulence; Bubble; Closure (psychology); Mechanics; Scale (ratio); Flow (mathematics); Euler's formula; Statistical physics; Work (physics); Set (abstract data type); Closure problem; Physics; K-epsilon turbulence model; Mathematics; Computer science; Thermodynamics; Mathematical analysis","score_opus":0.009508142339283831,"score_gpt":0.168686023006645,"score_spread":0.1591778806673612,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2511100296","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.31718305,0.00030826483,0.681574,0.00015875894,0.00017888751,0.00010825547,0.000016368325,0.000024564399,0.00044784904],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9707536,0.000021448861,0.028939784,0.000016544134,0.00019613841,0.000005482123,0.0000017937082,0.00004475217,0.000020417498],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991812,0.0000020163445,0.0002735576,0.00007884386,0.000099119,0.00036526177],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993341,0.000056974575,0.000032886073,0.00012342905,0.00007397206,0.0003786301],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00027537654,0.00015566747,0.00020714587,0.00013322788,0.000051770752,0.000051849907,0.00023065909,0.00009409971,0.0000033255221],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000043670734,0.00010074941,0.00008369342,0.00009863657,0.000029316874,0.00013023388,0.000011487637,0.00020305923,4.564031e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008153726,0.0000020674195,0.0000041609187,0.000090006826,0.000070174916,0.0000059597073,0.00023846813,0.92624867,0.067439325,0.002538652,0.00008380744,0.0032705767],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004033251,0.000015922085,0.0000033407257,0.000090124246,0.000024416819,0.00007740899,0.000011174907,0.988602,0.009429794,0.00036788124,0.0008145751,0.00016004797],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00016997302,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006399838,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6535706,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002276846,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013234382,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.41084415},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2515753486","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22662","title":"Experimental study on turbulence properties in the dual nozzle opposed impinging stream mixer","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Turbulence kinetic energy; Nozzle; Turbulence; Mechanics; Inlet; Mixing (physics); Intensity (physics); Tuyere; Stagnation temperature; Kinetic energy; Materials science; Stagnation pressure; Physics; Optics; Stagnation point; Mach number; Thermodynamics; Classical mechanics; Mechanical engineering; Engineering","score_opus":0.012117483325029562,"score_gpt":0.18923264536701367,"score_spread":0.1771151620419841,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2515753486","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99875534,0.0003774654,0.000108657114,0.0002764954,0.00024728052,0.000120264434,0.0000024707579,0.000016903343,0.0000951035],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997396,0.0000016405914,0.00003518734,0.000035711913,0.00014462578,0.0000072960456,1.7070586e-7,0.00002731621,0.000008452574],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99915063,0.000015821592,0.0002573062,0.0000766832,0.00018148539,0.0003180417],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999567,0.00007805553,0.000026607215,0.00016170436,0.000022960883,0.00014371623],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00030093227,0.00014684547,0.00014955018,0.00012338281,0.000045656638,0.00005988749,0.00032461408,0.000040027517,0.000008750451],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007144484,0.00007443928,0.00005654132,0.000117727825,0.00003287687,0.00009968583,0.000012164941,0.00028755845,0.0000029211992],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014667425,0.00005713402,0.0003134226,0.000018309987,0.00006269221,0.00019055205,0.006203216,0.07331695,0.91862655,0.0002658415,0.00013375543,0.00079690275],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0027957836,0.00051363173,0.0024373538,0.0014946491,0.00005417613,0.0005529266,0.0027650974,0.13507597,0.8527143,0.000059033846,0.00063198066,0.0009050823],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00020903189,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00010335027,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.06591225,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00028008033,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006609026,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3035546},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2515809796","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22660","title":"Modelling mass transfer in gas‐liquid two‐phase flow in a jet zone loop reactor","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; California Department of Fish and Game","keywords":"Turbulence; Mass transfer; Mechanics; Bubble; Jet (fluid); Loop (graph theory); Mass transfer coefficient; Flow (mathematics); Materials science; Thermodynamics; Physics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.007943923286295364,"score_gpt":0.1806680920082371,"score_spread":0.17272416872194174,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2515809796","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.86489004,0.00040234436,0.13414161,0.00023084739,0.00019525568,0.000058350844,0.000011223373,0.000016751868,0.00005360378],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984851,0.000028661543,0.0012770485,0.000016371463,0.00013499554,0.0000034232269,0.0000010360935,0.000048547077,0.0000048066663],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988822,0.000009560045,0.00043029862,0.00009124795,0.00012570608,0.00046103384],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99939525,0.00008810416,0.000016243586,0.00013685135,0.000032005926,0.00033153605],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000328139,0.00017234213,0.0002613566,0.00030320924,0.000012468644,0.00002598451,0.0002488301,0.00008878948,0.000025108608],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000044294902,0.00012288152,0.00008216251,0.00021969432,0.00002341658,0.0001467219,0.0000047453323,0.00044834337,0.0000027038534],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016448392,0.0000037937432,0.000011255392,0.000014863595,0.000013274924,0.0001008222,0.00017971474,0.59704036,0.4017768,0.0001650419,0.000008153241,0.00066947384],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013520354,0.00002238388,0.000001545783,0.0003618813,0.000008999166,0.000055652188,0.0000057671846,0.931878,0.065847434,0.0000637266,0.00022492174,0.00017770614],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007072313,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001252077,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.33592936,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00050898513,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012145679,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5010963},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2518966494","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22680","title":"Bubble formation regimes during gas injection into a liquid cross flow in a conduit","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Dimensionless quantity; Turbulence; Mechanics; Jet (fluid); Materials science; Liquid bubble; Injector; Flow visualization; Inlet; Flow (mathematics); Thermodynamics; Physics","score_opus":0.0037774706489206943,"score_gpt":0.1730138055718045,"score_spread":0.1692363349228838,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2518966494","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99367476,0.00030186318,0.005396905,0.00017521664,0.00026927388,0.00004684763,0.0000015347332,0.000026954413,0.00010666758],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99953806,0.000013556182,0.00024692743,0.000009311282,0.00014239125,0.0000033457404,6.21261e-7,0.000026027225,0.00001974339],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99925655,0.0000058000087,0.0003058766,0.00005624874,0.000097619544,0.00027790765],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995747,0.000039767594,0.00003801963,0.00010262869,0.00005149867,0.0001933517],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021152724,0.000109500856,0.0001397215,0.00020651448,0.000039800598,0.00005071643,0.00016600756,0.000077115605,0.000013001721],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000948676,0.000078845995,0.000057084555,0.00015802382,0.000025555863,0.00031951588,0.000009937873,0.00023000731,0.0000039405513],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016978012,0.0000016625838,0.00006848718,0.00006668954,0.000019818912,0.00003043328,0.0008371232,0.35464358,0.6427772,0.0002347336,0.000046285037,0.0012569749],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012784353,0.000058360405,0.0002757819,0.0008702633,0.000016076596,0.0007184101,0.000022536475,0.45137206,0.54365295,0.00048201167,0.0008805448,0.00037258037],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005723735,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008716253,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.09912429,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00065559655,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007465976,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.32152465},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2526653943","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22696","title":"CFD analysis of flow regimes in airlift reactor using Eulerian‐Lagrangian approach","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Environmental Engineering Research Institute; Department of Science and Technology, Government of Kerala; Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India","keywords":"Mechanics; Sparging; Turbulence; Bubble; Computational fluid dynamics; Airlift; Lagrangian particle tracking; Sauter mean diameter; Flow (mathematics); Buoyancy; Particle (ecology); Materials science; Physics; Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Nozzle; Geology; Bioreactor","score_opus":0.007603104493884651,"score_gpt":0.17216800598691945,"score_spread":0.1645649014930348,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2526653943","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9794641,0.0005577551,0.019380007,0.00008922777,0.000185762,0.000047884056,0.00001893523,0.000015056493,0.000241284],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9962504,0.000008375995,0.0035953259,0.000008084309,0.00009769359,8.0607174e-7,0.0000017057938,0.00003062172,0.000007003584],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990337,0.000010231201,0.00041899603,0.00008121607,0.00013958392,0.0003162581],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99935776,0.00007940817,0.0000670245,0.0001867794,0.000056716042,0.00025229773],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003025495,0.00014224013,0.00036578428,0.00060625095,0.00001489311,0.000021104752,0.00028325635,0.00009365228,0.00001861733],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010797147,0.00009736335,0.00018482289,0.0006773805,0.00004127365,0.00011199432,0.0000099879335,0.00021743261,4.89594e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000046581777,0.0000042548454,0.0003915559,0.00003518288,0.000398463,0.00001867151,0.00032760465,0.61110026,0.38642183,0.0003650879,0.000039241797,0.0008931766],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002998454,0.0000072311705,0.0005849695,0.00018690006,0.00022160941,0.000039061277,0.00001709814,0.9760962,0.022079911,0.000028879964,0.00024649376,0.00019176032],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00067098817,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003663885,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.36499596,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00031672194,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00011338846,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.39703622},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2528082044","doi":"10.11159/ffhmt16.172","title":"Dynamic Behaviour of Two-Phase Flow through a Flow Restricting Orifice","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the ... International Conference on Fluid Flow, Heat and Mass Transfer","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Body orifice; Flow (mathematics); Two-phase flow; Mechanics; Flow coefficient; Computer science; Materials science; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.017467589672397338,"score_gpt":0.2524930571966538,"score_spread":0.2350254675242565,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2528082044","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95871073,0.00009951782,0.028246287,0.000855393,0.00077786786,0.00027189648,0.00021538572,0.000088377776,0.010734527],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99435365,0.0004915688,0.0048000608,0.00003254288,0.00005457435,0.000024568257,0.000006598972,0.000036048223,0.00020041392],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99867,0.000005234077,0.00042365814,0.00027371096,0.00038064644,0.0002467627],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99942267,0.00005149778,0.000025144844,0.00011466284,0.00032394816,0.00006206869],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017917219,0.00023920079,0.00026894134,0.000114833274,0.00006105684,0.000052473115,0.00043859048,0.00009701223,0.000080743645],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003655192,0.00016470993,0.00012660322,0.0001323765,0.00009174149,0.0003154857,0.000041392777,0.0001758671,0.0000033942497],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011216998,0.000066896704,0.00051047653,0.000094502786,0.00008838504,0.0000010104864,0.00046909545,0.0007911199,0.9542082,0.038435634,0.00010327921,0.0051192073],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0025325639,0.00015235116,0.0002342332,0.0007799321,0.00007728112,0.000012725172,0.00018421983,0.8501064,0.14201897,0.003406011,0.00017752228,0.0003177423],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000029704586,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000010977964,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.84931535,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000079831916,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003142199,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6716676},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2528114390","doi":"10.11159/ffhmt16.119","title":"CFD Analysis of Temperature Distributions in a Slurry Bubble Column with Direct Contact Heat Transfer","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the ... International Conference on Fluid Flow, Heat and Mass Transfer","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ontario Institute of Technology","funders":"","keywords":"Slurry; Bubble; Heat transfer; Computational fluid dynamics; Materials science; Mechanics; Column (typography); Thermodynamics; Mechanical engineering; Composite material; Physics; Engineering","score_opus":0.008167301855687977,"score_gpt":0.19958014874540236,"score_spread":0.19141284688971438,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2528114390","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98959404,0.00007565039,0.0019540857,0.0007894771,0.00012393155,0.00022480766,0.00052568695,0.000035379355,0.0066769496],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99932224,0.00036658777,0.00007857621,0.000025698164,0.00001906905,0.00003741703,0.000017248423,0.000017937027,0.00011521671],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989408,0.0000056275917,0.00032532497,0.00023507742,0.0002928998,0.00020022508],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995372,0.00004643102,0.000005633658,0.000088942375,0.00026062876,0.00006112091],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001430862,0.00019934878,0.0003771559,0.0002359292,0.000044065233,0.000046463974,0.0002673941,0.00009829326,0.00008661753],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000013631102,0.00012447352,0.00013786418,0.00037965013,0.00008230817,0.00019248502,0.000013556819,0.00014521653,5.960562e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017947279,0.000052533756,0.006440564,0.000063269224,0.0005029021,7.0821403e-7,0.00028646618,0.0005973153,0.94458777,0.047037408,0.000054962402,0.00019663385],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004865815,0.0005067636,0.031175913,0.0023313481,0.0010711175,0.000011242096,0.00047264327,0.3025042,0.65436435,0.00095253286,0.0007761831,0.0009678996],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007239378,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00018508486,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3019069,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008131217,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000034259523,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.50758827},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2530013605","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22718","title":"Hydrodynamic difference between inline and batch operation of a rotor‐stator mixer head ‐ A CFD approach","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Stator; Rotor (electric); Mechanics; Turbulence; Computational fluid dynamics; Turbulence kinetic energy; Flow (mathematics); Flow velocity; Physics; Materials science; Mechanical engineering; Engineering","score_opus":0.006689349054706581,"score_gpt":0.1745408374000411,"score_spread":0.1678514883453345,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2530013605","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97047174,0.00032541683,0.028855672,0.00013304151,0.000083299805,0.00006746118,0.000018739696,0.000012224909,0.00003240032],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99828976,0.000010933177,0.0015241242,0.0000066564985,0.00012650329,0.000002605734,0.0000019897361,0.00002542777,0.000011981472],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993014,0.0000070656615,0.0002987595,0.00006959817,0.00010739607,0.0002157998],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99947715,0.00007282519,0.0000397248,0.000110701614,0.000045234934,0.00025434978],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017281293,0.00012256572,0.00022272246,0.00010409258,0.00002321296,0.000023701812,0.00017247192,0.000070207825,0.0000040404993],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006725948,0.000078953846,0.000047199814,0.00008501035,0.000044849294,0.00007924495,0.000012275748,0.0001937982,5.0412797e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000065790728,0.000005871855,0.00149442,0.00015264361,0.00012282032,0.000008311258,0.00056148693,0.046030875,0.94491816,0.00093348004,0.000034433884,0.0057309],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00074798573,0.000045220902,0.0030302496,0.00039169082,0.00005418528,0.000101394966,0.000014220849,0.9594923,0.03543949,0.00015536677,0.00023096378,0.00029690826],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00024969937,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00010147757,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.91346145,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014425785,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007956556,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.32196444},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2531323064","doi":"10.1002/aic.15549","title":"Process intensification of gas–liquid downflow and upflow packed beds by a new low‐shear rotating reactor concept","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AIChE Journal","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Pressure drop; Packed bed; Mechanics; Liquid flow; Residence time distribution; Superficial velocity; Chemistry; Residence time (fluid dynamics); Drop (telecommunication); Saturation (graph theory); Chemical reactor; Shear (geology); Flow (mathematics); Materials science; Chromatography; Thermodynamics; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Composite material; Geotechnical engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.005072432369827273,"score_gpt":0.2057708140056607,"score_spread":0.20069838163583342,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2531323064","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97818595,0.0007956789,0.020159159,0.00043440607,0.00018096853,0.000074969495,0.000009600805,0.00004259215,0.0001166689],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99781954,0.00031772463,0.0015831378,0.000038288865,0.00015282893,0.0000020121017,0.0000030244455,0.000028683517,0.00005473991],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99922174,0.000017537697,0.00031016892,0.00010407755,0.00014370373,0.0002027437],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994654,0.000059563354,0.00009508066,0.00010505025,0.00013061138,0.00014430442],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019631983,0.0001182445,0.00017317505,0.000058724505,0.000040794323,0.00003055878,0.00009412008,0.00006930628,0.000051881485],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014056507,0.00008654967,0.00003889959,0.00008692676,0.000036171212,0.00023237879,0.000014001221,0.00017806567,0.0000039378283],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000037571335,0.00001323441,0.0005208056,0.00004869047,0.000053509564,0.000003545014,0.0018639263,0.00014630792,0.9516185,0.00010236378,0.003844345,0.04174722],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.007984727,0.0013160254,0.005414135,0.0038511916,0.00023145831,0.000926,0.0023691354,0.19945408,0.768156,0.0039420626,0.004610609,0.0017445671],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000113265205,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000030269564,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.19930778,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000041431063,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004286978,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3529393},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2551110609","doi":"10.1115/ht2016-7122","title":"Heat Transfer in Two-Phase Vertical Co-Flow in the Presence of a Mesh-Type Bubble Breaker","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Nusselt number; Mechanics; Heat transfer; Laminar flow; Reynolds number; Materials science; Thermodynamics; Slug flow; Heat transfer coefficient; Circuit breaker; Mass transfer; Two-phase flow; Flow (mathematics); Physics; Turbulence; Mechanical engineering; Engineering","score_opus":0.01023297476332485,"score_gpt":0.25818727144007125,"score_spread":0.2479542966767464,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2551110609","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9755261,0.000066390145,0.018784478,0.00020061874,0.00007390608,0.00012016613,0.0000048044885,0.00002627212,0.0051972596],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996873,0.000042545962,0.00013909412,0.00004181875,0.000010868821,0.000007236441,0.0000010829926,0.000010165032,0.000059868824],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994549,0.00002065815,0.00016085226,0.00008667149,0.00009920657,0.00017770128],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99968505,0.0001256874,5.09453e-7,0.00015113645,0.000011492921,0.000026148045],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017060326,0.00007091602,0.000106900094,0.000047566566,0.00000670412,0.000006935732,0.00011059775,0.000030690084,0.0001405007],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000020281308,0.000039580045,0.000024019342,0.00013471689,0.000028208528,0.00007258334,0.0000068852714,0.00007146814,0.000012935545],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015474172,0.00030914467,0.0044687698,0.00008478505,0.000027823746,0.00005988694,0.0024352307,0.016430685,0.9471773,0.02028852,0.0013355818,0.0072275526],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003192768,0.00008635306,0.0019507661,0.00011839301,0.000006989935,0.0000102452095,0.000073780735,0.95037687,0.042940952,0.0002302055,0.0008322484,0.00018043013],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00015463216,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006080361,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9339462,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000021677728,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011897473,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.16140275},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2553746188","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2016.11.044","title":"The investigation of mass transfer coefficients in a pulsed regular packed column applying SiO2 nanoparticles","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Mass transfer; Mass transfer coefficient; Packed bed; Nanofluid; Kerosene; Laminar flow; Thermal diffusivity; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Thermodynamics; Reynolds number; Chemistry; Materials science; Chromatography; Turbulence; Nanoparticle; Nanotechnology","score_opus":0.007021784741229899,"score_gpt":0.21054346610427682,"score_spread":0.20352168136304694,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2553746188","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9604907,0.00027925803,0.037879724,0.00081229827,0.00005452436,0.00029009656,0.00000386049,0.00010488503,0.00008466385],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993508,0.00023238308,0.00021988024,0.000009016371,0.0000045112406,0.00011096446,0.000005365252,0.000008533994,0.00005855722],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994362,0.000022686898,0.0002438998,0.000112320486,0.00006832273,0.00011654189],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99971646,0.000043327087,0.000024188366,0.00015504022,0.000041679847,0.000019320352],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019679054,0.00006400328,0.00008307645,0.00013534389,0.000064039086,0.000014198058,0.000073442905,0.000101229394,0.00000281507],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000029466455,0.000046685604,0.000011722826,0.0002728945,0.00012728247,0.00006870247,0.0000050060426,0.000047979345,0.0000042614656],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006368847,0.0000041883986,0.0011873352,0.000010120377,0.000004434869,1.2668797e-7,0.00011402158,0.0002634202,0.93273574,0.041902266,0.00001995822,0.023752041],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00086096145,0.00004797446,0.0055891904,0.000057797115,0.00000892647,0.0000024818964,0.00023520742,0.09108881,0.87936205,0.019269027,0.0033176015,0.00015996223],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000024577648,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000032377662,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.09082539,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000027319056,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000113207325,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.19037837},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2554148065","doi":"10.1115/icnmm2016-7948","title":"Towards the Understanding of Transformation of Annular to Droplet-Annular Gas-Liquid Flow","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Mechanics; Two-phase flow; Adiabatic process; Flow (mathematics); Phase (matter); Volume of fluid method; Materials science; Work (physics); Thermodynamics; Physics","score_opus":0.016801351135448343,"score_gpt":0.20216456951779224,"score_spread":0.1853632183823439,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2554148065","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.225051,0.000046564433,0.76669925,0.000483791,0.00010927983,0.00012243052,0.000017354922,0.000047676294,0.0074226577],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984863,0.00006710364,0.0013516132,0.000024877541,0.000015912581,0.000004072379,0.0000017873823,0.000015552743,0.00003280175],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994118,0.000009649501,0.00022860093,0.0000630452,0.0001439989,0.00014289626],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99972457,0.000025690111,0.000016204147,0.0001625552,0.000034668217,0.000036312416],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020071316,0.00008164197,0.00012636541,0.000074124335,0.000024827907,0.0000065071104,0.00011370571,0.000039257742,0.0000702065],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000013018358,0.000047156173,0.00005880194,0.00013097443,0.000021504806,0.00011917723,0.000013229565,0.00003219853,0.000005768799],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000047773163,0.000018985087,0.000045346194,0.00021285018,0.000099921504,0.0000013337681,0.0046345023,0.037180908,0.79274917,0.15004486,0.0006732658,0.014291111],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00087051466,0.00032126665,0.00021406527,0.0003089204,0.000046544537,0.000006232999,0.0017169442,0.4863776,0.50211096,0.0033809028,0.0042694043,0.0003766376],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000021990889,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000027833354,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7734353,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000075135504,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011113557,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1922973},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2557051694","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22736","title":"Mathematical modelling of residence time distribution in tubular loop reactors","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Residence time distribution; Péclet number; TRACER; Mechanics; Loop (graph theory); Reynolds number; Mathematics; Dispersion (optics); Residence time (fluid dynamics); Applied mathematics; Engineering; Physics; Flow (mathematics)","score_opus":0.007106029996704223,"score_gpt":0.15913027359637658,"score_spread":0.15202424359967234,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2557051694","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.963461,0.00022391517,0.03603072,0.0001168075,0.00006693535,0.00003265489,0.000009221489,0.0000104012815,0.000048384598],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993954,0.0000082452925,0.0005181426,0.0000022998859,0.000046324316,6.8124757e-7,9.263936e-7,0.000018047329,0.000009985757],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992639,0.000005546821,0.00034284117,0.00004732645,0.00011747324,0.00022290595],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995171,0.000118011965,0.00003744287,0.00011074044,0.000044838176,0.00017185684],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002847559,0.000090117144,0.00017885945,0.00008655104,0.000010452055,0.000011739097,0.00018930776,0.00006632796,0.000020007192],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015665161,0.000060439266,0.000057143254,0.00012526575,0.00003358848,0.0000906023,0.0000072957773,0.00018840509,0.0000040853542],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000032604153,0.0000025148713,0.000033491302,0.000041455132,0.000017260652,0.000024668201,0.0000889857,0.42124888,0.57644314,0.0017672329,0.000058626087,0.00027049353],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002014033,0.000009992734,0.000037878614,0.0007760656,0.000014143254,0.000071968665,0.0000035124535,0.82490796,0.17251833,0.0012808536,0.000046737805,0.00013118408],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010435503,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000019792855,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.40392482,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00025168605,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007348746,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.24646418},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2561672167","doi":"10.1016/j.ces.2016.12.056","title":"Hydrodynamics of gas-liquid cocurrent upflow in oscillating packed beds for offshore marine applications","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Science","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Mechanics; Pressure drop; Residence time distribution; Submarine pipeline; Liquid flow; Packed bed; Liquid liquid; Flow (mathematics); Geology; Chemistry; Geotechnical engineering; Physics; Chromatography","score_opus":0.004822093247545802,"score_gpt":0.20610136016840575,"score_spread":0.20127926692085996,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2561672167","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.82598007,0.00004686452,0.17322432,0.000034124652,0.00014468608,0.00021924808,0.000019838397,0.00012346848,0.00020737952],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98782223,0.000023349121,0.011984632,0.0000025836864,0.00004531674,0.00008433747,0.0000060951597,0.000025225067,0.0000062003173],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989022,0.0000012478185,0.00029608054,0.00024221261,0.00017557429,0.00038268717],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99945134,0.000115932824,0.000027017799,0.0002415945,0.00006233517,0.000101768885],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024114158,0.00014102638,0.00018570734,0.0001587716,0.000025230855,0.000013231987,0.0003165405,0.000055720688,0.0000043108507],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016605596,0.00012202699,0.00005004333,0.0005482138,0.00011650721,0.000122128,0.00009413711,0.000087282926,0.0000015756136],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003179112,0.000010762345,0.00016134624,0.000108184126,0.000003086314,2.0995381e-7,0.00003368033,0.034233037,0.95567816,0.0039453395,0.00000452542,0.005818455],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00024171724,0.000015647242,0.00012782385,0.000101893675,0.0000036319316,0.0000020788898,0.0000042588385,0.82763004,0.17133299,0.00017027858,0.0001981587,0.00017150214],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002171002,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001490633,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.793397,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002014082,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000032272565,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4976116},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2564160455","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22766","title":"Impeller diameter and submergence effects in solids drawdown with up‐pumping impellers","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Impeller; Drawdown (hydrology); Slip factor; Materials science; Mechanics; Power (physics); Flow (mathematics); Torque; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Geotechnical engineering; Physics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.0025859307713024695,"score_gpt":0.14899571314730495,"score_spread":0.14640978237600247,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2564160455","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99197227,0.00056567206,0.0068371464,0.00016139021,0.0003294735,0.00005779713,0.0000015401333,0.000013936978,0.00006079173],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993698,0.000029101553,0.00044857353,0.000022465078,0.000080891026,0.0000022642967,1.5283086e-7,0.00003364378,0.000013079365],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992605,0.0000062139547,0.00020575762,0.000076586286,0.000090744514,0.00036018676],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994296,0.000109788336,0.000025354448,0.00010374515,0.000025866813,0.00030564712],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015427562,0.00014016227,0.00018115756,0.00015877656,0.000023032273,0.00003273644,0.00015816283,0.000060055834,0.000010122697],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000709783,0.00008382495,0.000038714898,0.00014190149,0.000050911738,0.000117733936,0.000010530937,0.00023758307,0.0000016601049],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015859376,0.000002757322,0.0026435698,0.00014068626,0.000117276126,0.0001688494,0.0011322771,0.049916055,0.93781495,0.0005467377,0.00017269218,0.007328289],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0040189154,0.0001727391,0.0075411825,0.003656721,0.00012151967,0.0011514572,0.00007738633,0.39796078,0.5815785,0.0006304078,0.0015188331,0.0015715407],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00023123792,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004738098,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.35623643,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001842582,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000063968124,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3418282},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2565492491","doi":"10.1088/1755-1315/49/5/052015","title":"Two-phase flow pattern recognition in a varying section based on void fraction and pressure measurements","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Flow (mathematics); Two-phase flow; Mechanics; Section (typography); Turbine; Void (composites); Flow map; Computer science; Geology; Materials science; Engineering; Mechanical engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.016184024280481175,"score_gpt":0.20185128109842473,"score_spread":0.18566725681794355,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2565492491","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9929925,0.000035229812,0.0061871563,0.00003518618,0.00014049523,0.00011005013,0.000028618011,0.000029629602,0.00044109882],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994005,0.00014106795,0.00037068166,0.000028374436,0.000020454001,0.000010823809,0.000007037086,0.0000065313693,0.0000145454205],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99929255,0.000014316085,0.000097999706,0.00022367925,0.00018202976,0.00018939667],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998067,0.0000125117085,0.00001836912,0.000078326404,0.0000048760753,0.000079185054],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001616017,0.00010238557,0.00007337411,0.000080440775,0.00011539611,0.00006139494,0.000042877135,0.00003157046,0.000071517505],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000010562258,0.000085477775,0.000008549065,0.00006599943,0.00014417678,0.00059029064,0.000020128824,0.000068660105,0.000005582541],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002516197,0.000020281235,0.002343905,0.000011711334,0.0000019008398,0.0000015812379,0.000079005884,0.0017885721,0.6247881,0.0000013386624,7.3284264e-7,0.37093773],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0021633927,0.00032893365,0.07776504,0.00024571447,0.000011362906,0.000014402952,0.00016482762,0.7372539,0.1813921,0.00008054094,0.00022637525,0.00035337574],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000045468838,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00011533747,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.73546535,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000039183717,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009591117,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.34856826},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2565541404","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22767","title":"Gas holdup, bubble behaviour, and mass transfer characteristics in a two‐stage internal loop airlift reactor with different screens","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":44,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","keywords":"Bubble; Mass transfer; Mass transfer coefficient; Mechanics; Airlift; Loop (graph theory); Gas bubble; Superficial velocity; Materials science; Stage (stratigraphy); Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Physics; Flow (mathematics); Bioreactor; Mathematics","score_opus":0.0052082044316464635,"score_gpt":0.17013556127864815,"score_spread":0.1649273568470017,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2565541404","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9881933,0.00015515972,0.011182825,0.00019448988,0.00013204283,0.000058726615,0.00003135721,0.00001579289,0.000036344874],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995656,0.000023626993,0.00020816714,0.000016842785,0.00011054453,0.0000024722337,0.0000013514551,0.000045071185,0.000026308751],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99913853,0.0000066362204,0.00029649198,0.00008656834,0.0001236434,0.00034811517],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999378,0.000056164452,0.000024618492,0.000116109426,0.000036286263,0.0003888058],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013483172,0.00017826825,0.00025084865,0.00014768301,0.000017177876,0.0000526626,0.00018771422,0.000051645144,0.000022102462],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000028608334,0.000108438115,0.000047281243,0.00007179569,0.000046685847,0.00010069137,0.000007886009,0.00036988492,6.627582e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000055958822,0.000013191012,0.033040065,0.00009310862,0.00012774578,0.0005337894,0.00049185526,0.0050373743,0.9572745,0.0008005101,0.00003873846,0.002493161],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.011793663,0.0004689887,0.062170513,0.007246991,0.00039807873,0.0024908986,0.00013495403,0.47339848,0.43661842,0.00021203066,0.0022078308,0.0028591577],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00043499054,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012449275,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5206561,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024053552,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000060784136,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4421978},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2567236786","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22759","title":"Bubble size and bubble velocity distribution in bubble columns under industrial conditions","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung","keywords":"Bubble; Mechanics; Materials science; Flow (mathematics); Bubble point; Physics","score_opus":0.007993226911241687,"score_gpt":0.1727873152174913,"score_spread":0.16479408830624961,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2567236786","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.995637,0.0002388009,0.002876942,0.00066691637,0.00033004396,0.00006802314,0.00007081915,0.00002104393,0.000090382106],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996508,0.000011927596,0.000101078935,0.000019646533,0.00016267003,0.0000031220093,0.0000042446036,0.000020349644,0.000026200352],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99923456,0.000008424706,0.00026901776,0.00007088637,0.000100918776,0.000316216],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99934524,0.00017830876,0.000033118224,0.00009226889,0.000045453464,0.00030560026],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020338508,0.00011537169,0.00017393773,0.00006844848,0.000049404927,0.000048969287,0.00014250349,0.00011971224,0.00003638541],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00023070892,0.00008828722,0.000043994034,0.00016848612,0.000058393147,0.0001323246,0.00001258625,0.00032912937,0.000002254197],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000025386784,0.000021607642,0.0016595486,0.00007387527,0.00019896272,0.00010822882,0.00037168377,0.18912622,0.78564936,0.015235482,0.0053378087,0.0021918132],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.018192679,0.0003279507,0.037274357,0.0042629982,0.000416063,0.002029057,0.0003130246,0.5730828,0.30064496,0.018980369,0.040624704,0.0038510393],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006911886,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009062867,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4850044,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00053274346,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001758758,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.36002484},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2571397276","doi":"10.1299/jsmekanto.2011.17.417","title":"216404 Influence of Flow Structure in a Venturi Tube on Bubble Breakup Behavior","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Proceedings of Conference of Kanto Branch","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Venturi effect; Bubble; Mechanics; Breakup; Nozzle; Materials science; Flow (mathematics); Superheating; Tube (container); Pressure gradient; Physics; Thermodynamics; Mechanical engineering; Inlet; Engineering","score_opus":0.013411534840643339,"score_gpt":0.19541992047987475,"score_spread":0.1820083856392314,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2571397276","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99579024,0.00009419013,0.000026926497,0.000010993857,0.000059293965,0.0002181307,0.000029782452,0.000026910995,0.0037435242],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999336,0.000065584594,0.00052973453,0.000006869016,0.000011559824,0.000013039673,0.000001267657,0.000019329378,0.000016632877],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990878,0.0000026531222,0.0003653526,0.0001362493,0.00020361404,0.00020430186],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99945515,0.000018393246,0.00011081094,0.00013015696,0.00024826342,0.00003723084],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001365895,0.00015651404,0.00030387862,0.00012275735,0.00001663681,0.000010369777,0.000416025,0.00009100866,0.00004813152],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000040745177,0.00012548728,0.000050540522,0.00020713711,0.000108718086,0.00017754456,0.000047921032,0.00019404633,0.000001279938],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008939676,0.00009190639,0.011200788,0.000562039,0.000027051534,8.9161875e-7,0.007905245,0.002185914,0.9550042,0.017678073,0.00002619362,0.00522831],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010555809,0.00036559,0.28329998,0.0013407615,0.00008090949,0.000015317582,0.0005733747,0.020387154,0.6827589,0.009668828,0.000033489912,0.00042006272],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00016815055,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003482658,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.27224526,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000017974755,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000028806497,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.51172227},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2583221790","doi":"","title":"EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF TWO-PHASE BUBBLY FLOW PRESSURE DROP ACROSS A HORIZONTAL PIPE CONTAINING 90° BENDS","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"CNL Nuclear Review","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Pressure drop; Turbulence; Mechanics; Pipe flow; Two-phase flow; Materials science; Drop (telecommunication); Prandtl number; Bubble; Flow (mathematics); Geology; Heat transfer; Physics; Engineering; Mechanical engineering","score_opus":0.014176769656738098,"score_gpt":0.2763102985853838,"score_spread":0.2621335289286457,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2583221790","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.860683,0.13405976,0.0016342785,0.00016167431,0.00051746995,0.0006086961,0.00012531741,0.000357194,0.0018525965],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9940743,0.004551661,0.0010330538,0.00011345855,0.000077538985,0.000015917878,0.000013532661,0.000068714246,0.000051840158],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990207,0.00003179714,0.0003592867,0.00018906969,0.00014881318,0.0002503102],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999494,0.00002319582,0.00006946148,0.00026443822,0.00003953315,0.00010934909],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021645914,0.00017785736,0.0003559629,0.00002660009,0.0000612494,0.000023109345,0.00016305754,0.000055556295,0.00020686496],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003260972,0.00014182873,0.00011470569,0.00011046313,0.00006774148,0.00020874669,0.00006723553,0.000092319046,0.00006162722],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002152858,0.000043919084,0.00007082333,0.0019451104,0.00011050601,0.000014083213,0.0011000378,0.000098182405,0.9125107,0.002696731,0.0020073932,0.07938098],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.017597336,0.0026932992,0.00051825744,0.05602642,0.00075064343,0.00019720646,0.001030594,0.33377653,0.15519316,0.0003546566,0.4283921,0.0034697813],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000010269803,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002738496,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.75731754,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005503464,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012029863,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.57836074},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2587394774","doi":"10.1115/imece2016-67700","title":"Heat Transfer in Liquid-Liquid Taylor Flow in Mini-Scale Curved Tubing for Constant Wall Temperature","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Heat transfer; Mechanics; Curvature; Materials science; Prandtl number; Thermodynamics; Isothermal process; Flow (mathematics); Viscosity; Physics; Composite material; Geometry; Mathematics","score_opus":0.006906708473194283,"score_gpt":0.19722197364950156,"score_spread":0.19031526517630729,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2587394774","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96814793,0.00027932448,0.028857183,0.0005404117,0.000336455,0.00042905638,0.000051202733,0.00014272201,0.0012157052],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973512,0.0001152843,0.002013104,0.00013067875,0.000048233596,0.00008885963,0.000011951084,0.00005404734,0.00018658924],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988618,0.000017039702,0.00034563636,0.00024603176,0.00008789265,0.0004416234],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99960345,0.000112356836,0.000001973822,0.00017675423,0.000027372402,0.00007808035],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002271388,0.00020358976,0.0002761986,0.00015426145,0.0000247208,0.000024752268,0.00011941891,0.00017113186,0.0000911477],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000017072385,0.00015031948,0.00008256554,0.00015335876,0.000023507893,0.00015929247,0.0000135461005,0.0001313798,0.00000833435],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00018347573,0.000030433925,0.00012813737,0.00007644406,0.000013538966,0.000010942247,0.0004756829,0.0030606065,0.994228,0.00080045674,0.00021287003,0.0007793886],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00761732,0.0006001224,0.00025106574,0.0008917452,0.000020895257,0.000017232851,0.00033466567,0.514514,0.4685087,0.00008866372,0.005892806,0.001262753],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005853538,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0031382993,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.52571934,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001376707,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000021844824,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6129851},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2591014705","doi":"10.1016/j.heliyon.2017.e00248","title":"Development of a model to determine mass transfer coefficient and oxygen solubility in bioreactors","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Heliyon","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Regional Municipality of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Aeration; Mass transfer; Mass transfer coefficient; Range (aeronautics); Thermodynamics; Current (fluid); Scale (ratio); Bioreactor; Degree (music); Transfer function; Mathematics; Mechanics; Chemistry; Physics; Materials science; Engineering","score_opus":0.026620662600681213,"score_gpt":0.2376331944537433,"score_spread":0.2110125318530621,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2591014705","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.93326354,0.00010238736,0.06612977,0.000012061463,0.0000535882,0.00010675477,0.0000065270956,0.000017469049,0.00030792775],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.990548,0.000049950184,0.009354951,0.0000068535674,0.0000042013294,0.000008724966,0.0000012858977,0.000011128131,0.0000148773925],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995287,0.0000023757154,0.00016133567,0.00010750865,0.00006495369,0.0001351073],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99974805,0.0000057629545,0.000006637015,0.00017661392,0.000012070585,0.00005087807],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011174409,0.00007528341,0.00011514412,0.000056114848,0.00003711479,0.000016010765,0.00008554487,0.000036860096,0.000002159292],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000010391271,0.000073866155,0.000014294471,0.0000229793,0.00001335596,0.000037125476,0.000026016813,0.00004217038,0.0000015950353],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001919515,0.00003966885,0.004373089,0.0005465853,0.00001229366,0.0000037026482,0.003906436,0.076544136,0.89414,0.00013892078,0.0000032557336,0.020272696],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003187255,0.0000133934955,0.049342282,0.00019342065,0.000003701676,5.3583034e-7,0.000029071318,0.8922322,0.057498366,0.00001600998,0.00019325172,0.00015906485],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009061202,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00033569912,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.83664167,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004184114,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000149489515,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.30121744},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2591880525","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22825","title":"Large scale preparation of microbubbles by multi‐channel ceramic membranes: Hydrodynamics and mass transfer characteristics","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":42,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Science and Technology Support Program of Jiangsu Province; Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Microbubbles; Mass transfer; Mass transfer coefficient; Sparging; Bubble; Ceramic membrane; Materials science; Membrane; Filtration (mathematics); Ceramic; Superficial velocity; Mechanics; Volumetric flow rate; Flow (mathematics); Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Chromatography; Composite material; Acoustics; Physics","score_opus":0.004573117252613553,"score_gpt":0.18407985641398003,"score_spread":0.17950673916136647,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2591880525","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9713764,0.00074737554,0.027372591,0.00006256523,0.0002418016,0.000063992484,0.00009547778,0.000011533624,0.000028259616],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994038,0.00007692263,0.00039177458,0.000007686695,0.000064312655,0.0000012363415,0.000008231172,0.000032849603,0.00001320302],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992947,0.000004863541,0.00030351878,0.00007000695,0.00008273073,0.00024420844],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99948037,0.00002548326,0.000056162466,0.00017986808,0.000055713743,0.00020241263],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018336123,0.00013579094,0.00023061849,0.00006811473,0.000090603666,0.00008533707,0.00026654624,0.00009596958,0.0000035179435],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000048066664,0.00012095159,0.000062490304,0.000030748608,0.00005662233,0.00013779492,0.000008807127,0.00024730776,3.8733202e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000071375234,0.000005687057,0.00010553873,0.0001905063,0.0000650518,0.000007750587,0.00086048146,0.055596203,0.9429532,0.00007097023,0.000044079752,0.000093359544],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003538514,0.000010834914,0.000121290606,0.00012089954,0.000034540684,0.000043192624,0.000015654301,0.92792326,0.07096873,0.000021288412,0.00024513097,0.00014131368],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00014116829,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003310793,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8723271,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000088810244,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005033656,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.49322626},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2593701736","doi":"10.1016/j.ces.2017.03.018","title":"Investigations of flow structure and liquid mixing in bubble column equipped with selected internals","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Science","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Baffle; Mixing (physics); Mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Bundle; Distributor; Materials science; Dispersion (optics); Volumetric flow rate; Two-phase flow; Slug flow; Thermodynamics; Composite material; Optics; Physics","score_opus":0.005248014479126375,"score_gpt":0.1988433893962732,"score_spread":0.19359537491714682,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2593701736","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9939828,0.00005931663,0.005632808,0.000018771609,0.000077484336,0.00006048633,0.0000055420105,0.00006020677,0.000102563165],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9834797,0.0000050828194,0.016470509,0.0000035540857,0.00001654248,0.000003814058,0.0000014827278,0.000013814521,0.0000055008445],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99932426,0.0000011957919,0.00013932139,0.00016303622,0.00013701983,0.00023513712],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999585,0.000023869314,0.000026704494,0.00021393718,0.00005437407,0.000096167074],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008307561,0.000101307414,0.00013857636,0.00010190498,0.00005650738,0.0000808095,0.00031327442,0.00004365039,0.000002760948],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00027505885,0.000098476354,0.000009341355,0.00027676832,0.00021734447,0.0002518499,0.00008122794,0.00015670869,2.1664137e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000023931661,0.0000020927914,0.0007328828,0.00005245875,0.0000034572272,0.0000016520548,0.0001232226,0.0896467,0.9091801,0.00015243147,0.0000025292945,0.00010009936],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00012602707,0.000012046204,0.0027629405,0.00014732745,0.0000022614595,0.0000064516066,0.0000030088886,0.5934732,0.403349,0.000022763179,0.000004957493,0.00009002564],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000019176478,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000081013095,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.50583106,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000055183817,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003879142,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4015749},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2602364393","doi":"10.1177/0306419017697413","title":"On the Gouy–Stodola theorem of thermodynamics for open systems","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Mechanical Engineering Education","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Exergy; Confusion; Second law of thermodynamics; Thermodynamics; Mathematics; Entropy (arrow of time); Calculus (dental); Mathematical economics; Applied mathematics; Physics","score_opus":0.014374711605873499,"score_gpt":0.2752400305700426,"score_spread":0.2608653189641691,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2602364393","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.40552837,0.00030661802,0.5723822,0.0012918283,0.0176137,0.00051675626,0.000039212886,0.00003099108,0.0022903113],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977207,0.000043563094,0.0017858021,0.000023884848,0.00032954375,0.00001679327,0.0000031618615,0.000024310079,0.000052228024],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993286,0.000009556375,0.00031438904,0.00005999685,0.00020385456,0.00008359414],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990326,0.00023849416,0.0002082512,0.00021257468,0.00026993715,0.0000381493],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00057894405,0.000086347696,0.00014145556,0.000077239696,0.000044513206,0.00017959317,0.0012070525,0.000049373644,0.0000072391613],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005274244,0.000063334286,0.00008572911,0.000019241175,0.000010401828,0.000171993,0.000056990582,0.00014325534,0.0000011139483],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000032525244,0.00005169905,0.0000047546273,0.00003360113,0.00014285931,7.1475034e-7,0.000068656445,0.14342725,0.015150867,0.836522,0.00038012103,0.004184964],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00034119366,0.000072433395,0.00026921448,0.0004544127,0.000021177932,0.000030738185,0.00007089651,0.98269147,0.0022857063,0.012601678,0.0010568983,0.00010419021],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000013364728,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000011910153,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8392642,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011709782,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000645342,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.25826973},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2604926263","doi":"10.1115/pvp2010-25073","title":"Drag Coefficient and Two-Phase Friction Multiplier on Tube Bundles Subjected to Two-Phase Cross-Flow","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Drag; Drag coefficient; Mechanics; Two-phase flow; Added mass; Pressure drop; Flow coefficient; Materials science; Bundle; Euler's formula; Mathematics; Thermodynamics; Flow (mathematics); Physics; Mathematical analysis; Composite material","score_opus":0.00714630120160207,"score_gpt":0.2763459209157309,"score_spread":0.2691996197141288,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2604926263","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9345146,0.000023693961,0.060162306,0.000032088647,0.0010255105,0.00027837596,0.00003947345,0.0004201235,0.0035038153],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9936434,0.0000058223936,0.0055287657,0.00010705015,0.00015226807,0.000024243944,0.000033793778,0.000051752464,0.00045289303],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99894583,0.000009502926,0.00023832356,0.00030133358,0.00015942244,0.00034557065],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993335,0.00006925744,0.00001636699,0.0002896751,0.000068233385,0.0002229612],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001547268,0.00022202164,0.00017237218,0.00017483697,0.00015443529,0.00017571833,0.0000978907,0.000087311586,0.00014292506],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000055787168,0.0002070815,0.00004711594,0.00020969007,0.00003496404,0.00010345055,0.000043152017,0.00026497146,0.00008455947],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008594949,0.0003533763,0.00029695733,0.000023530858,0.000029204857,0.000014935174,0.000503039,0.19817308,0.7783191,0.0028517877,0.0004152918,0.018933747],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004088571,0.00017632559,0.0006969731,0.000014797907,0.000011187271,0.000011276782,0.000027602722,0.957799,0.034255877,0.000024115714,0.0025993695,0.00029489014],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010846683,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00042755058,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7596259,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000048394864,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011720998,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8444538},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2605262554","doi":"10.1115/1.4036405","title":"Heat Transfer in Liquid–Liquid Taylor Flow in Miniscale Curved Tubing for Constant Wall Temperature","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Electronic Packaging","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Heat transfer; Mechanics; Curvature; Prandtl number; Thermodynamics; Materials science; Isothermal process; Flow (mathematics); Viscosity; Tube (container); Composite material; Physics; Geometry","score_opus":0.007287607570003665,"score_gpt":0.22780455343401532,"score_spread":0.22051694586401166,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2605262554","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98700356,0.0029503163,0.008430626,0.00062907155,0.00041681097,0.00020018313,0.000006756144,0.000020309317,0.00034238715],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99871737,0.00044425845,0.00055347563,0.00005623477,0.00014949265,0.000009628149,0.0000026888904,0.000050387924,0.000016478089],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983431,0.00002971789,0.0005843512,0.00015664894,0.00016126347,0.00072488206],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995082,0.000080881386,0.000031360643,0.0002265858,0.00006234841,0.00009063998],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00085357035,0.00021367086,0.00045061126,0.00027113833,0.000117855554,0.00012027302,0.00032309178,0.00012527975,0.000009082207],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000069526664,0.0002025909,0.00016870376,0.00009462537,0.000030877374,0.0004079859,0.000017260474,0.00077497785,7.830416e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005244169,0.000065343185,0.0005084468,0.0001335204,0.000097614284,0.00012225873,0.0010692596,0.027057806,0.9679803,0.0009292882,0.00010983393,0.0014019151],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01095097,0.0018599597,0.0013644667,0.002170285,0.00010717783,0.00057929166,0.0005206406,0.822185,0.15473871,0.00068290625,0.0035967042,0.0012438789],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000017465127,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00071270386,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8132416,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00042746318,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014475232,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8261417},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2610785896","doi":"10.1007/s00231-017-2048-x","title":"Experimental correlation of gas–liquid–solid mass transfer coefficient in a stirred tank using response surface methodology","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Heat and Mass Transfer","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Mass transfer coefficient; Response surface methodology; Mass transfer; Materials science; Correlation coefficient; Mass fraction; Thermodynamics; Rotational speed; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chromatography; Chemistry; Composite material; Physics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.03969822680608076,"score_gpt":0.2958388204629692,"score_spread":0.25614059365688846,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2610785896","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.67754364,0.00051924394,0.32128677,0.000048442427,0.0002640916,0.00017648817,0.000018989456,0.000027622951,0.0001147362],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99656206,0.000092380586,0.0032417818,0.000010956572,0.000014986666,0.000006866499,0.0000054816114,0.000035879606,0.000029582348],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989515,0.00012702613,0.00031121157,0.00021033917,0.00011732353,0.00028257858],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99955124,0.00012129441,0.000006100743,0.00022637584,0.00002380933,0.000071196046],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00052720256,0.00018149425,0.00033210247,0.000099576195,0.00010515865,0.00003112409,0.0001023529,0.00015013496,0.000028408085],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000016203057,0.00018915355,0.00006551932,0.000058778,0.000093181785,0.00013134716,0.000008570258,0.00015169987,9.853705e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00084892643,0.00002580534,0.00033834996,0.000049085476,0.000019675144,0.000013365871,0.0014500349,0.107777566,0.8891346,0.00025900346,0.0000024765325,0.00008110993],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0014626228,0.00016907507,0.0013093788,0.000089500565,0.000027494876,0.000010251623,0.00022173156,0.57150507,0.42488068,0.000024023107,0.00008651134,0.00021364067],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010031267,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000036330453,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.46425393,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006877243,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000023121449,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7713458},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2611796941","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22879","title":"Study of fluid dynamic conditions in the selected static mixers part II‐determination of the residence time distribution","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Residence time distribution; Laminar flow; Static mixer; Plug flow; Mechanics; Mixing (physics); Turbulence; Laminar flow reactor; Reynolds number; Flow (mathematics); Residence time (fluid dynamics); Work (physics); Mathematics; Simulation; Open-channel flow; Physics; Computer science; Thermodynamics; Engineering","score_opus":0.00547742472454355,"score_gpt":0.20202989398189575,"score_spread":0.1965524692573522,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2611796941","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99913317,0.00005238859,0.00029692886,0.00020516056,0.00012540643,0.00012821241,0.000032907472,0.0000041417384,0.000021657255],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99991745,0.0000025512595,0.000031757212,0.0000038783433,0.000019826348,0.0000035691762,0.000004807308,0.000010180089,0.00000595702],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99929816,0.000022889673,0.00031654505,0.000045110963,0.00016027855,0.00015700437],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993776,0.00009780717,0.00012224026,0.0002521784,0.00009343805,0.000056754845],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00033449868,0.00008230147,0.00014418071,0.000057176585,0.00012587776,0.00002995307,0.00051069213,0.000037301892,0.000004675044],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00040120684,0.000053394684,0.00004474918,0.0001551406,0.00006368085,0.00009562956,0.0000167852,0.00025801072,2.705227e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013351645,0.00006648178,0.001138789,0.00013974111,0.00012208016,0.00004527904,0.007094558,0.39297858,0.5964387,0.0007236754,0.00061708735,0.00062167447],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006824193,0.000099898585,0.035587046,0.0005537476,0.00010720907,0.0000906443,0.00026058214,0.93542093,0.02670544,0.0002644396,0.000039138897,0.00018849761],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00045124945,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011548337,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.56973326,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016767834,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009969066,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2177372},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2612464289","doi":"10.14841/jspp.2005.0.710.0","title":"MICROTUBULE ORGANIZATION 1は紡錘体とフラグモプラストの形成に関与する","year":2005,"lang":"ja","type":"article","venue":"日本植物生理学会年会およびシンポジウム　講演要旨集 第46回日本植物生理学会年会講演要旨集","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science","score_opus":0.003168355551817879,"score_gpt":0.17261025416670717,"score_spread":0.16944189861488929,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2612464289","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.74122286,0.029967345,0.025156291,0.008356543,0.016041175,0.0051582837,0.0013587024,0.0075631146,0.16517568],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9561525,0.0031977769,0.013956389,0.0018090709,0.005293847,0.00009912467,0.00072585646,0.0012426737,0.01752276],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9899494,0.00028846815,0.0026955379,0.0022684815,0.0014864585,0.003311673],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99418455,0.00031400615,0.0005787641,0.0026853746,0.0009327137,0.0013045901],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","scholarly_communication","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011014085,0.002324698,0.0018970844,0.0011559452,0.0010392888,0.0011769973,0.0021520692,0.0016414996,0.008607515],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00047038455,0.0027292678,0.0007530484,0.003112442,0.00042874954,0.0018425314,0.0007767984,0.0020603766,0.017324166],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00023717519,0.002777887,0.007382641,0.002696733,0.0029587147,0.0005137837,0.012394248,0.105566695,0.31661552,0.044277657,0.3773198,0.12725914],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0053571197,0.00036539978,0.005731857,0.0010590673,0.0008524361,0.0004888616,0.000726162,0.15917315,0.044427656,0.00048199782,0.77553505,0.0058012614],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002366634,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004099948,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3982152,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0018339155,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004650266,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99985987},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2615351995","doi":"10.1061/9780784480632.004","title":"Mass Transfer Coefficient and Gas Solubility","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2017","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Emmanuel Bible College; Regional Municipality of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Aeration; Mass transfer; Mass transfer coefficient; Current (fluid); Degree (music); Range (aeronautics); Thermodynamics; Transfer function; Scale (ratio); Mechanics; Process engineering; Materials science; Physics; Engineering; Waste management","score_opus":0.006698388748872697,"score_gpt":0.1770392192289112,"score_spread":0.1703408304800385,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2615351995","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99454373,0.00061040296,0.00017441211,0.00018795543,0.0002171468,0.00011962142,0.000030758034,0.000041863175,0.00407409],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99735534,0.00037591605,0.000039846553,0.000032775486,0.000033960376,0.000009090606,0.000009738972,0.000022060549,0.0021212706],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99926585,0.000010260258,0.00012756583,0.00022756713,0.00010027843,0.00026847722],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99953926,0.000008401416,0.000010606099,0.00032609742,0.000001165284,0.000114476985],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009252961,0.00016827827,0.00015775449,0.00003688065,0.00041846235,0.00019823227,0.00015500598,0.00004142725,0.0000817751],"category_scores_gemma":[8.833949e-7,0.00012678084,0.00003304501,0.000004125953,0.00034001956,0.000120114826,0.00011254873,0.00010846801,0.000025561087],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00020330609,0.0002177498,0.29705873,0.000565299,0.00039497623,0.00028016442,0.009051882,0.0074266507,0.5783544,0.00046252276,0.0016492617,0.10433502],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0037119011,0.00014471085,0.26370335,0.00019922902,0.00015765734,0.00008051668,0.00027137678,0.22918306,0.0816482,0.0012326197,0.41778374,0.0018836298],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002550382,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000577975,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.49670622,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000020858672,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":3.9653233e-7,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5169973},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2615519190","doi":"","title":"Heat and Mass Transfer Around a Bubble on a Horizontal Surface in a Subcooled Flow","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"TSpace (University of Toronto)","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Toronto","keywords":"Subcooling; Bubble; Mechanics; Mass transfer; Flow (mathematics); Heat transfer; Surface (topology); Materials science; Thermodynamics; Physics; Mathematics; Geometry","score_opus":0.004687292776581672,"score_gpt":0.1862191158321986,"score_spread":0.18153182305561694,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2615519190","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9576285,0.0009578907,0.0010979256,0.000035534697,0.00029547466,0.00018994664,0.000048259702,0.000053608353,0.03969286],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99326396,0.0010639151,0.00052757317,0.0000017443061,0.0000186453,2.861983e-7,0.00007407201,0.0000344622,0.005015326],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99928063,0.000020238378,0.00009573266,0.00023549508,0.00015332279,0.00021456507],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99968266,0.000031118576,0.000011715343,0.00017415883,0.000028649369,0.00007171956],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008535041,0.00021429022,0.0003655209,0.000055456836,0.00005090501,0.000012808524,0.00013640228,0.0002363804,0.00078256923],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000021320245,0.00025079778,0.00009086351,0.0000376876,0.000019965502,0.00020061182,0.000008805612,0.00014551281,0.000008447067],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.004505186,0.0003797129,0.0028697697,0.0038836673,0.0016429392,0.0005903684,0.12079142,0.029605735,0.74428445,0.0031547146,0.0010927054,0.0871993],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.011594325,0.0012625454,0.1569398,0.003582399,0.00054969726,0.000011609873,0.06688765,0.7507485,0.0035794002,0.00013721858,0.0014131276,0.0032937184],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.024835391,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.20608023,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7407051,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003810705,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003131144,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999944},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2615634084","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22899","title":"Development of helical coil based fluidic diode pump for liquid pumping","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Fluidics; Electromagnetic coil; Materials science; Mechanical engineering; Laminar flow; Pressure drop; Injector; Mechanics; Engineering; Electrical engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.013050126168705678,"score_gpt":0.2009440684181382,"score_spread":0.1878939422494325,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2615634084","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96160465,0.00029704458,0.037239227,0.00022026441,0.0004215106,0.00008219222,0.000009746231,0.000017509157,0.0001078777],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9935251,0.0000024955018,0.0062351264,0.000022344342,0.00016532464,0.000005356911,0.0000021539065,0.00003739001,0.0000047104268],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99907297,0.00000287381,0.00039908953,0.00006703962,0.00013349116,0.0003245478],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99919367,0.00008652871,0.000086789936,0.00022379003,0.00009221738,0.00031699135],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003510533,0.00013583899,0.00024223047,0.00010296998,0.00014161198,0.00006608646,0.000503976,0.00008178257,0.000007884375],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00032216107,0.00011626336,0.00011700003,0.00004081067,0.000048445912,0.00008382256,0.000016293345,0.00023616193,8.718797e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001841969,0.000004273831,0.000021044685,0.0001855523,0.00009455174,0.000011877804,0.00028529103,0.0800323,0.91746867,0.000537025,0.000072382994,0.0012686331],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00039378868,0.000018568624,0.00007033518,0.00027048652,0.000024663974,0.000023266528,0.000005580517,0.327091,0.6684325,0.000019730242,0.003483782,0.00016630132],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007795444,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001663336,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.24903616,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022105017,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003517372,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.47410822},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2617014931","doi":"10.11159/iccpe17.118","title":"Process Modeling and Simulation of Cyclohexanone Production","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the World Congress on Mechanical, Chemical, and Material Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Process (computing); Cyclohexanone; Computer science; Production (economics); Process engineering; Manufacturing engineering; Engineering; Chemistry; Programming language; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.007588485114139603,"score_gpt":0.21599720364692454,"score_spread":0.20840871853278495,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2617014931","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9988118,0.000012834524,0.000026923462,0.00005283605,0.0007153123,0.00017616013,0.000006133258,0.00007492139,0.00012312032],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992145,0.00005777596,0.00052397954,0.0000029974333,0.00012563074,0.000014318355,8.47724e-7,0.000033771885,0.000026183174],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99923426,0.0000010048967,0.00026872728,0.00019586542,0.00013811201,0.000162027],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995915,0.000015337637,0.000107977634,0.00014218336,0.00009216669,0.00005079577],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013210328,0.00016488545,0.00025113847,0.00006775942,0.000088509325,0.000082140956,0.00021773818,0.00006895536,0.0000022564475],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014550943,0.00013990406,0.000034267552,0.000056670775,0.000046729652,0.00020833474,0.00011539364,0.00011827608,9.2174375e-8],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000029823312,0.000009848295,0.000009953714,0.00063475745,0.000019559318,7.218662e-8,0.000010122151,0.1174292,0.88022554,0.0013932565,0.000006410559,0.00023145846],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00011697308,0.000007538139,0.0000059879158,0.0002754631,0.0000162791,0.0000012105133,0.0000072762687,0.46986496,0.5293534,0.00025314867,0.000014046672,0.00008375022],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000033440924,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.000984e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.35243577,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001593098,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000037270515,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.57051224},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2618125104","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22903","title":"An experimental investigation of high‐viscosity oil‐water flow in a horizontal pipe","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Froude number; Turbulence; Mechanics; Reynolds number; Flow (mathematics); Flow coefficient; Pipe flow; Two-phase flow; Materials science; Volumetric flow rate; Pressure gradient; Lubrication; Viscosity; Water flow; Isothermal flow; Open-channel flow; Geotechnical engineering; Geology; Composite material; Physics","score_opus":0.005913737293940667,"score_gpt":0.17971300930005332,"score_spread":0.17379927200611264,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2618125104","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99908966,0.0001351286,0.0003125364,0.00007048721,0.0003060315,0.000021107902,0.00000477532,0.000008380134,0.00005188995],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99897563,0.0000016682527,0.00085911644,0.000007081545,0.00012915499,0.0000013106928,0.000002980639,0.000021081367,0.0000019703625],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993811,0.0000058734563,0.00023975884,0.000055482953,0.00009960809,0.00021813769],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994875,0.000010716542,0.000039844996,0.00019167416,0.000028237837,0.00024201778],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019008922,0.00010161692,0.00016827384,0.00010189013,0.00005248663,0.0000651671,0.0003445027,0.000063776395,0.0000106590805],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000026572125,0.00007945303,0.000046625293,0.000030322246,0.00005463351,0.00023118568,0.00001301523,0.00025675373,8.248214e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000034591744,0.0000024771998,0.0002212748,0.000017850094,0.000012195761,0.00002050809,0.0005889811,0.09030991,0.90841633,0.000137538,0.000009265239,0.0002601791],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00025220044,0.000021186914,0.0006927167,0.00008368317,0.0000064778765,0.000026576992,0.000012117113,0.22127168,0.7774631,0.00005690533,0.000014677282,0.000098697594],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0020927743,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009607942,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.13096176,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021210815,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005803421,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.32400003},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2619656567","doi":"10.11159/htff17.113","title":"Bubble Pump Models Verification Based on the Experimental Results","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the World Congress on Mechanical, Chemical, and Material Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Computer science; Operating system","score_opus":0.011903700783027979,"score_gpt":0.20241558667220114,"score_spread":0.19051188588917317,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2619656567","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.994972,0.0000077307295,0.000014647245,0.000456981,0.001288948,0.00028861067,0.000036640675,0.00015411923,0.0027803078],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99912167,0.000019966536,0.0004594257,0.00004520126,0.00013984562,0.000061527215,0.0000031146762,0.000047272322,0.00010196362],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99900407,0.0000025079655,0.00028217782,0.00025215853,0.00021224756,0.00024683028],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993684,0.000053159056,0.00011100739,0.000349443,0.000046689427,0.00007125543],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021754751,0.00022905279,0.00021982916,0.000054687327,0.00019516163,0.00026550068,0.0006036747,0.00008131143,0.000009238485],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010723761,0.00016006935,0.00007137913,0.000060398586,0.00006284074,0.00015713047,0.00014193045,0.00019194702,0.0000014963749],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000096371536,0.000024721856,4.796381e-7,0.00007639882,0.000016153592,2.2749582e-7,0.000007953582,0.0069716955,0.9649456,0.027383313,0.00041893387,0.00005814923],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002759711,0.000017397224,0.0000027557364,0.00019139152,0.000009036262,6.233826e-7,0.0000099776635,0.37888247,0.6199627,0.00019174178,0.00033861652,0.000117327865],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000067110773,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.9230846e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.37191078,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005102395,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005881432,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6527438},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2620635727","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22911","title":"Drop behaviour characteristics in different operating regimes in an L‐shaped pulsed sieve‐plate column","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Tehran","keywords":"Drop (telecommunication); Mechanics; Dispersion (optics); Sieve (category theory); Mass transfer; Chemistry; Plate column; Materials science; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chromatography; Thermodynamics; Physics; Optics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.008811962065378988,"score_gpt":0.1993289996195554,"score_spread":0.19051703755417643,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2620635727","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9990581,0.000085480206,0.00022193394,0.00013965071,0.000341031,0.00007137379,0.000008137095,0.000012890156,0.00006138626],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99954784,0.000005616369,0.00019096909,0.00001528445,0.00017842471,0.000003387949,0.0000038944536,0.000041342195,0.0000132506275],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99897444,0.000010032306,0.00042875114,0.00008954387,0.00011064402,0.00038656418],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99928737,0.00003547583,0.000077351135,0.0002491539,0.00004029169,0.00031035882],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000257415,0.00017016492,0.00030775747,0.00015642887,0.00007071855,0.00024912672,0.0004960551,0.000100421166,0.00001219128],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016834715,0.00014618835,0.000053490996,0.000059410875,0.000033368015,0.00020974879,0.000021657966,0.0006261265,9.0564527e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001443886,0.00002960294,0.06241801,0.000110884495,0.00005602992,0.00087463885,0.0018091252,0.09486648,0.8371255,0.00040067194,0.00003963148,0.00225501],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00053522404,0.000021124979,0.068129666,0.00033806844,0.000014341508,0.000068335416,0.000020229707,0.9228403,0.0077101807,0.000029311866,0.000032629454,0.00026058126],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0012024128,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003620375,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8294153,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003425981,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009268744,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5961388},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2621382046","doi":"10.1016/j.cherd.2017.05.021","title":"CFD-DEM simulations of early turbulent solid–liquid mixing: Prediction of suspension curve and just-suspended speed","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Process Safety and Environmental Protection","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":77,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Impeller; Mechanics; Turbulence; Suspension (topology); Computational fluid dynamics; Mixing (physics); Suspended solids; CFD-DEM; Materials science; Fraction (chemistry); Large eddy simulation; Engineering; Physics; Chemistry; Mathematics; Chromatography; Waste management","score_opus":0.015694590848193843,"score_gpt":0.22254271661071792,"score_spread":0.2068481257625241,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2621382046","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9856911,0.00017838702,0.013300083,0.000033789747,0.00008951479,0.00039656958,0.00004881774,0.00003639536,0.00022537721],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994014,0.00042186124,0.000067579334,0.0000016858795,0.000032184653,0.0000058914356,0.000024160794,0.000019330826,0.000025905047],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992832,0.000013359573,0.00026867638,0.00017454164,0.00013660053,0.00012363319],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99964595,0.000010643233,0.00012893403,0.00015556636,0.000010895623,0.000048012582],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001222439,0.00012752993,0.00016717384,0.00005431233,0.00025238658,0.000020467292,0.000058293226,0.00009920701,0.000017720055],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000156275,0.00013283546,0.000027927046,0.000026562455,0.00011170032,0.00033670716,0.000047469166,0.00012645852,7.831828e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007387553,0.00013961238,0.0057609826,0.0009050833,0.0001087475,0.0000021809096,0.0019151765,0.34515285,0.6392639,0.00014654898,0.0000018663817,0.005864259],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00087395665,0.00033873512,0.051741637,0.00013312155,0.00004989867,0.000016442667,0.0002115675,0.8933735,0.05263086,0.0004213045,0.000037060014,0.00017194157],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005284312,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000011962952,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5866331,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000044597455,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004169895,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5416873},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2622446411","doi":"10.1121/1.4987297","title":"Towards the accurate characterization of the shell parameters of microbubbles based on attenuation and sound speed measurements","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Attenuation; Acoustics; Speed of sound; Nonlinear system; Subharmonic; Sound pressure; Materials science; Shell (structure); Mechanics; Nonlinear acoustics; Range (aeronautics); Computational physics; Physics; Optics","score_opus":0.03062991932492056,"score_gpt":0.24089005473624034,"score_spread":0.21026013541131977,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2622446411","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9018146,0.000048502305,0.09544391,0.0021949352,0.00024864307,0.00015602328,0.00001958568,0.000003414571,0.000070426715],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976034,0.00016067797,0.001964462,0.00021926251,0.000032639968,3.2354677e-7,4.7618005e-7,0.000011374695,0.000007354593],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991067,0.00008034871,0.00031665372,0.000045799017,0.00034269414,0.000107821754],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987874,0.00016171145,0.000552119,0.0003417976,0.0001342893,0.000022659138],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006335526,0.00009498798,0.00019705489,0.000009669093,0.00018608192,0.00002590041,0.0005407807,0.000039168262,0.0000039293345],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001915421,0.00004177223,0.0001910491,0.00006772608,0.00042971567,0.00006523002,0.00007710303,0.00019649178,1.9816913e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000055841785,0.000034162087,0.0006136929,0.00006390803,0.00014778032,4.295551e-8,0.0005642534,0.1304492,0.8636636,0.0000028978773,0.00022625543,0.0041783317],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003583321,0.00008224211,0.044457145,0.00017230067,0.00024073446,0.0000031150412,0.00022367285,0.9248684,0.029317575,0.00018538404,0.00002499419,0.00006607161],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000028566532,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.8666236e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.83434606,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003600173,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000028792707,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1703422},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2647022173","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22929","title":"Study of fluid dynamic conditions in the selected static mixers part I‐ research of pressure drop","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Pressure drop; Static mixer; Homogeneity (statistics); Static pressure; Drop (telecommunication); Computer science; Power consumption; Mechanics; Process engineering; Mechanical engineering; Mathematics; Engineering; Power (physics); Statistics; Thermodynamics; Physics","score_opus":0.020160722776849316,"score_gpt":0.26930398939491756,"score_spread":0.24914326661806824,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2647022173","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9990969,0.00028387242,0.00007528705,0.00013528478,0.0001272993,0.00015360855,0.00001895532,0.000004599459,0.000104229446],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9998746,0.0000069861376,0.000047767855,0.0000028502275,0.000033110427,0.000005426215,0.0000017611791,0.00001969886,0.000007803511],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99900466,0.00003800091,0.00036206824,0.00005756684,0.0002582029,0.0002794793],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99911064,0.00019439473,0.00007431988,0.0003223699,0.0001786118,0.00011969212],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007608731,0.00009238119,0.00021144925,0.00020033769,0.000094830764,0.000046782156,0.00068785064,0.000049725786,0.000009635338],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004277351,0.00006716154,0.000043242217,0.00022266502,0.000097820885,0.00008179173,0.000017215963,0.00056673854,4.0576907e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012560051,0.00006215279,0.0011028488,0.00023062258,0.00032429054,0.00010318004,0.008030364,0.6418112,0.34662846,0.0006904331,0.00083399186,0.00016990867],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015824079,0.00024945513,0.017122459,0.00071795395,0.00016339192,0.00013052858,0.0016541751,0.9562947,0.021001635,0.00036838898,0.00039099317,0.00032387758],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001497294,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0027651454,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.32562682,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000097128104,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00016574695,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.27387685},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2669925718","doi":"10.1007/s11663-017-1006-9","title":"Effect of Interphase Forces on Gas–Liquid Multiphase Flow in RH Degasser","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":37,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"China Scholarship Council","keywords":"Mechanics; Turbulence; Lift (data mining); Interphase; Thermodynamics; Volumetric flow rate; Volume fraction; Flow (mathematics); Chemistry; Dispersion (optics); Wet gas; Materials science; Physics; Optics","score_opus":0.00553860336717084,"score_gpt":0.23648497909676525,"score_spread":0.2309463757295944,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2669925718","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.89936125,0.000049996495,0.09969918,0.000019397052,0.00037878187,0.0001422633,0.000048054142,0.000039464787,0.0002616368],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99914056,0.00017213798,0.00054562197,0.000004637492,0.000020948848,0.00003513624,0.0000072915045,0.000017119359,0.00005657206],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99938947,0.00003695961,0.0002253834,0.00013367728,0.0000633996,0.00015112756],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99967575,0.00005767398,0.000027390446,0.00017392178,0.00000842599,0.000056851757],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002528011,0.00013154071,0.0002969911,0.000067688095,0.000085593616,0.00008086184,0.0000946562,0.00007010408,0.00024734464],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001525899,0.000109293214,0.00006158628,0.000023230363,0.000053998036,0.00013970083,0.0000064426595,0.00006988234,0.000006008054],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0016632476,0.00024014601,0.000003661299,0.0007743438,0.00016885744,0.000112565634,0.00022356387,0.103537105,0.87178457,0.00041172068,0.000009141087,0.021071082],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00327851,0.00088844146,0.00013936438,0.0002391997,0.00009724717,0.00003037593,0.000008548881,0.3796964,0.61445135,0.000047515474,0.0008159691,0.00030709553],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00014053723,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000131884,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2761593,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000011579784,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000025079037,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4456848},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2726520616","doi":"10.1002/jctb.5356","title":"Analysis of gas holdup and bubble behavior in a biopolymer solution inside a bioreactor using tomography and dynamic gas disengagement techniques","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":38,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Impeller; Bubble; Mechanics; Breakage; Sauter mean diameter; Aeration; Materials science; Mixing (physics); Shear thinning; Sparging; Chemistry; Viscosity; Thermodynamics; Composite material; Physics","score_opus":0.008525133152942562,"score_gpt":0.24923815811238365,"score_spread":0.24071302495944108,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2726520616","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99485946,0.0022131263,0.0018759335,0.0006981938,0.00006256465,0.0001350409,0.000012569493,0.00013164704,0.000011457215],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98937356,0.0017490488,0.008828096,0.000006496327,0.00000861585,0.000008671768,0.000001986203,0.000022781609,7.2093957e-7],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987134,0.00001201802,0.0006153945,0.00023128133,0.000115088755,0.00031281472],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99904037,0.000026957208,0.0003742537,0.00044029736,0.000062498315,0.000055621338],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024563074,0.00021598359,0.000685165,0.0030908044,0.00006774503,0.000025524218,0.00037690694,0.0008485451,0.0000024955518],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011484992,0.00020620189,0.00013694307,0.0007621152,0.0008753122,0.00014435122,0.0002754117,0.000751144,9.129664e-8],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016550504,0.000065323155,0.020817393,0.000028003507,0.000271829,0.000043862554,0.000021069078,0.000006166191,0.94028825,0.00031259624,0.000002103196,0.038126826],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005314037,0.00016471658,0.0061459257,0.00014019251,0.0007784426,0.00021610438,0.0000880182,0.029602895,0.96084833,0.0011559343,0.0000687342,0.00025929758],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000430444,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000030825377,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03786753,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010569199,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000017021743,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8408669},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2734990268","doi":"10.1002/jctb.5367","title":"Hydrodynamic characteristics of an aerated coaxial mixing vessel equipped with a pitched blade turbine and an anchor","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Impeller; Coaxial; Rushton turbine; Mechanics; Rotational speed; Mixing (physics); Turbulence; Rotation (mathematics); Turbulence kinetic energy; Computational fluid dynamics; Turbine; Materials science; Mechanical engineering; Physics; Engineering","score_opus":0.005053764927323407,"score_gpt":0.22479134687377134,"score_spread":0.21973758194644794,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2734990268","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9957665,0.00024815448,0.0023968397,0.0009820729,0.00017018884,0.00011518439,0.00001527511,0.0002763308,0.000029409051],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.990646,0.00025164438,0.0089230025,0.000015345584,0.0000924551,0.000004036669,0.000008545304,0.000055463526,0.0000035171263],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984607,0.000013103453,0.0006725955,0.00027393826,0.00015370107,0.00042596075],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99841326,0.000025368856,0.0005464362,0.00072595396,0.00016727345,0.000121713194],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021271536,0.00029533013,0.00079075445,0.0005627219,0.00009727949,0.000045561745,0.0008880914,0.0011803093,0.0000047006],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020969963,0.00025802164,0.00005723739,0.00023064904,0.00094177714,0.0002973183,0.0001767078,0.0011782695,7.445469e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012069296,0.00009521442,0.00056555256,0.000050957507,0.00012360654,0.0001287805,0.000035096225,0.0000349137,0.97823083,0.0008186077,0.0000070804363,0.01978867],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0020877898,0.001137474,0.0010297686,0.000194257,0.00012722355,0.0013448421,0.000107815235,0.07516071,0.91595864,0.0022664275,0.00017823122,0.00040680636],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005672329,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006746061,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0751258,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007273479,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000046594938,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999872},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2737067463","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22943","title":"Effect of aeration mode on the performance of center‐ and annulus‐rising internal‐loop airlift bioreactors","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Tekes","keywords":"Airlift; Aeration; Bioreactor; Draft tube; Annulus (botany); Mechanics; Materials science; Shear (geology); Mass transfer; Chemistry; Physics; Composite material","score_opus":0.003501383880218174,"score_gpt":0.18268188147395614,"score_spread":0.17918049759373797,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2737067463","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.999139,0.00012956175,0.00024731754,0.000097354416,0.00020821563,0.00004597107,0.0000055476544,0.000004416744,0.00012259325],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99985254,0.000013786498,0.000041392286,0.000006135799,0.00006625007,6.283959e-7,5.0644843e-7,0.000016016424,0.0000027414233],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99949884,0.000008164198,0.00021396481,0.000041077743,0.000096329866,0.00014160508],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994983,0.00010019328,0.00009342203,0.0001680886,0.00003654475,0.000103426515],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003003247,0.00009861744,0.0001655771,0.000071758004,0.000060344046,0.000044602493,0.00026171547,0.000041618216,0.0000023872487],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013980604,0.000061724815,0.000055026314,0.00002995535,0.000057185585,0.00012258996,0.00001403443,0.00025241965,2.1900289e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000043387077,0.000005444768,0.0047713835,0.00031646137,0.00014869064,0.00000955538,0.000779683,0.24109115,0.74640197,0.00062473526,0.00008053218,0.005727019],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001985532,0.00007006144,0.0005305762,0.00041000595,0.000017421597,0.000021613767,0.000004421048,0.54274297,0.45590022,0.0000055322453,0.000033469365,0.00006516704],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003465034,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008541275,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.30165184,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000066694185,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000025628637,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.25170648},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2737598257","doi":"10.1016/j.cherd.2017.07.016","title":"Hydrodynamic performance of the ASI impeller in an aerated bioreactor containing the biopolymer solution through tomography and CFD","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Process Safety and Environmental Protection","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":47,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Impeller; Rushton turbine; Computational fluid dynamics; Agitator; Mixing (physics); Mechanics; Materials science; Rheology; Non-Newtonian fluid; Turbine; Mechanical engineering; Aeration; Slip factor; Engineering; Composite material; Physics; Waste management","score_opus":0.006636340931998292,"score_gpt":0.1871949759006334,"score_spread":0.18055863496863508,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2737598257","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99751025,0.00046553835,0.001413979,0.00005200967,0.00008855354,0.0002917489,0.000007445949,0.000017422157,0.00015305988],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992204,0.00069730787,0.0000129623695,0.0000073550113,0.000014851717,0.000023878963,0.000004876214,0.00001192366,0.000006477899],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995326,0.000014724028,0.00013448617,0.00012619588,0.000071901624,0.00012009311],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99976504,0.000004055807,0.00006195525,0.00015023496,0.0000025302804,0.000016206866],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000108766326,0.00009987082,0.00008439306,0.000022512973,0.00040375776,0.000031196018,0.000088240464,0.000060649665,0.0000031760387],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000032581722,0.00006788542,0.000017771896,0.00004315796,0.00017559272,0.00040953024,0.000041409447,0.00015085665,3.1411165e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00067815447,0.00015475339,0.1337851,0.00057838584,0.00011082694,0.0000011740798,0.007666963,0.054116335,0.68251354,0.00016987268,7.438868e-7,0.120224155],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003516787,0.00008221726,0.17455302,0.00006456383,0.0000119448605,0.0000073866368,0.0003168585,0.8163384,0.008054074,0.00008164637,0.000025224821,0.00011294742],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00012583594,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008495021,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7622221,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000028774622,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000281538,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.31054193},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2749301919","doi":"10.1680/jenes.17.00008","title":"New method to design large-scale high-recirculation airlift reactors","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Engineering and Science","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Airlift; Steady state (chemistry); Flow (mathematics); Process engineering; Reactor design; Bioreactor; SCALE-UP; Environmental science; Current (fluid); Flow conditions; Fluid dynamics; Computer science; Mechanics; Engineering; Nuclear engineering; Chemistry; Physics","score_opus":0.006962142033660469,"score_gpt":0.2171524552746565,"score_spread":0.21019031324099602,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2749301919","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.38451985,0.00007500215,0.6149969,0.000025154859,0.00029855955,0.000030469086,0.0000016260478,0.000009919425,0.00004249642],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.81629485,0.000037662958,0.18354383,0.0000073424894,0.00007232996,3.651492e-7,1.2796028e-7,0.000010532105,0.000032985005],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99932593,0.0000042356646,0.00016424886,0.000099656565,0.00021879764,0.00018713796],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995514,0.000022723629,0.000049921502,0.00014818211,0.000005036954,0.00022270186],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00059023686,0.000090955786,0.000121396915,0.000121801335,0.00014441741,0.000111987385,0.00023136931,0.000028344066,0.000010859637],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003424913,0.00008464537,0.000028550041,0.000048988095,0.000022886139,0.00042071764,0.0000527333,0.000112996226,0.000003127194],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002233285,0.000004957424,0.00043143088,0.0000036907732,0.0000057152633,0.0000043441664,0.00020139592,0.5488393,0.44230548,0.00007420557,0.00003832739,0.0080889445],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00033319744,0.00008274353,0.19671942,0.00005882871,0.000015538699,0.000076688004,0.000044624638,0.78139555,0.019625112,0.000063559455,0.0013819495,0.00020281445],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000056691965,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.22744e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.43177497,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000099617915,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013447653,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3451738},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2749936647","doi":"10.11159/ffhmt17.134","title":"Evaluating the Use of Airlift Pumps for Bioreactor Applications","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the ... International Conference on Fluid Flow, Heat and Mass Transfer","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs","keywords":"Airlift; Bioreactor; Aeration; Process engineering; Environmental science; Power consumption; Mixing (physics); Pulp and paper industry; Environmental engineering; Waste management; Power (physics); Engineering; Chemistry; Physics","score_opus":0.09281496360532858,"score_gpt":0.30270658315852306,"score_spread":0.20989161955319446,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2749936647","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9699315,0.000062124505,0.019094631,0.002540889,0.0005049526,0.0010269446,0.00026590266,0.000047038346,0.0065260613],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99751604,0.00015253184,0.0019010789,0.00004522719,0.000073502546,0.0001414312,0.0000053086123,0.000018275805,0.00014658993],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992681,0.0000021018473,0.00023288967,0.00014824879,0.00022403516,0.00012459868],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993822,0.000067230714,0.000027816417,0.00014990741,0.00034171264,0.000031109117],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019324501,0.00012441823,0.00014154354,0.00004561294,0.00016643734,0.00014833576,0.00054284243,0.000054321335,0.000014318461],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006627632,0.00008196317,0.00009376592,0.000028368258,0.00011235487,0.00021149954,0.000037838443,0.00010371442,7.427235e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000055365523,0.000020280773,0.00043701727,0.00010631066,0.00008013077,1.9291495e-8,0.00020283235,0.0007232968,0.8228497,0.16975807,0.00012984265,0.0056371302],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005163928,0.000077308345,0.0010106777,0.00018437159,0.000058794027,0.0000015355922,0.0000677511,0.9095523,0.08273996,0.0034054425,0.0022412254,0.00014428381],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000025385152,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006477521,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.908829,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002110028,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000019679273,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3342361},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2752360696","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23016","title":"Bubble dynamic behaviours at various capillary orifices in a bioreactor with methane oxidizing bacteria suspension","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","keywords":"Bubble; Bioreactor; Capillary action; Methane; Body orifice; Volume (thermodynamics); Aeration; Suspension (topology); Bioconversion; Chemistry; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Mechanics; Thermodynamics; Composite material; Fermentation; Physics; Mechanical engineering; Engineering","score_opus":0.006264471553448658,"score_gpt":0.185541684553475,"score_spread":0.17927721300002633,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2752360696","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9985558,0.00061317085,0.00011884149,0.00014219516,0.00040784976,0.00006906159,0.0000073845763,0.000020580177,0.000065116124],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984392,0.000017995215,0.0013968981,0.0000097201855,0.00005983879,0.0000018202159,0.000004611814,0.000054774995,0.0000151590175],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990491,0.000007265743,0.00027987402,0.00010355539,0.00014529699,0.00041489114],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99917066,0.0000455869,0.00009636665,0.00029609379,0.000051316827,0.00033996414],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002649382,0.00019070767,0.0002737003,0.00017989383,0.00010316156,0.00013571374,0.0004482645,0.00010604623,0.000016973754],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007087537,0.00014671191,0.00006313859,0.00008279357,0.000057618352,0.000194555,0.000028989973,0.0004537715,0.00000202229],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015066068,0.0000037764692,0.00070939655,0.000031749794,0.00004714541,0.00038013823,0.0003162972,0.029036876,0.969096,0.00008065572,0.00002928805,0.00025360324],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0026995495,0.00015004483,0.023875665,0.0016733292,0.00024306058,0.0028365697,0.00008470651,0.37582448,0.5895419,0.00013502224,0.0014354389,0.0015002445],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004881314,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.014711624,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.37955412,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00068332953,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015458692,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8209432},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2752377092","doi":"","title":"A Study of Intermittent Buoyancy Induced Flow Phenomena in CANDU Fuel Channels","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"TSpace","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Bruce Power","keywords":"Buoyancy; Mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Environmental science; Geology; Petroleum engineering; Nuclear engineering; Engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.014067499890228678,"score_gpt":0.2764150903146257,"score_spread":0.26234759042439704,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2752377092","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9890684,0.00028445726,0.00001955167,0.000004300212,0.0020457369,0.00043346133,0.0000037980335,0.00006213468,0.008078162],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99745476,0.00004517807,0.00006188011,0.0000028250172,0.0001368876,0.000076572294,0.00008387044,0.000073208335,0.002064825],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99912983,0.0000127646335,0.0002867144,0.0002015193,0.00014890572,0.0002202434],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995592,0.000015433723,0.00006527517,0.0002647759,0.000045682027,0.000049588143],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009148479,0.0002400027,0.0003738339,0.0002738454,0.0000146745115,0.000019336001,0.00017834893,0.00021379857,0.000032023687],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000016519487,0.00025663854,0.000048208574,0.00017840472,0.0000037568195,0.000035569723,0.000021260037,0.0005523775,0.000006472252],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002436321,0.0014938512,0.0010791508,0.003843474,0.00070280745,0.00020826528,0.6377163,0.039504208,0.24191979,0.0002136164,0.00039003874,0.07268488],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.012781574,0.0018726959,0.1018924,0.00442713,0.0005553393,0.00001840402,0.28263322,0.5726767,0.015356071,0.00040221884,0.001808299,0.0055759116],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008852576,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.019668957,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.53317255,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007283141,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000031193566,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99998856},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2755349761","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23024","title":"Effect of geometric design on performance of square cross‐section concentric‐duct and split airlift bioreactors","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo","keywords":"Airlift; Separator (oil production); Bioreactor; Concentric; Blanket; Duct (anatomy); Mechanics; Materials science; Chromatography; Chemistry; Geometry; Mathematics; Thermodynamics; Physics; Composite material","score_opus":0.006396232090070705,"score_gpt":0.19582225430617317,"score_spread":0.18942602221610247,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2755349761","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9983422,0.00050163775,0.00064309296,0.000010757867,0.00037358722,0.000068713925,0.0000051043976,0.000007063186,0.000047840236],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99972546,0.000028429593,0.00011676376,0.0000016480897,0.00010446051,8.1312527e-7,4.940134e-7,0.000019727813,0.0000021941607],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993736,0.000008312325,0.00024995487,0.000055962235,0.00012022495,0.00019195525],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99933237,0.00015845192,0.00011423243,0.00016654313,0.000057872236,0.00017052422],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00042613546,0.00011372548,0.0002270626,0.00018218833,0.00006121151,0.00004398088,0.00022571401,0.000072698356,0.0000038607614],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003107642,0.00008910728,0.000063917294,0.0001179643,0.00007227703,0.00011044314,0.000009978233,0.00026094526,3.2868735e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009272093,0.000006368868,0.01448146,0.00076539884,0.00018482763,0.000020411753,0.00022476375,0.69425136,0.27734676,0.00017042868,0.0000582634,0.0123972315],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00063456816,0.00033479944,0.0124065215,0.0003937325,0.000049494207,0.00006589271,0.000001972792,0.29926282,0.68659943,0.000004143895,0.00008323757,0.00016340641],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00025366317,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007903469,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.40925264,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012520936,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000047628804,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.36336896},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2756465720","doi":"10.3389/fchem.2017.00068","title":"CFD Simulations of an Air-Water Bubble Column: Effect of Luo Coalescence Parameter and Breakup Kernels","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Frontiers in Chemistry","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":35,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Enerkem (Canada); Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"Ministère de l'Énergie et des Ressources Naturelles; Compute Canada; CRB Innovations; Université de Sherbrooke; Mitacs; Enerkem","keywords":"Breakup; Mechanics; Coalescence (physics); Turbulence; Bubble; Drag; Weber number; Computational fluid dynamics; Physics; Materials science; Thermodynamics; Reynolds number","score_opus":0.0031756337137744174,"score_gpt":0.20588105161896658,"score_spread":0.20270541790519217,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2756465720","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99701995,0.00013294058,0.0018133353,0.0000046539217,0.00014588177,0.00007402722,0.00002915635,0.000016977783,0.00076308125],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973765,0.000017558656,0.0023872037,0.0000018376461,0.000019400832,0.000004255937,0.000015118016,0.000015154798,0.0001629717],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99950516,0.0000064184896,0.00015891001,0.000121281286,0.00006758019,0.00014064864],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995445,0.000026063628,0.000035871097,0.00032736573,0.000015961115,0.00005025597],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009559478,0.000095251315,0.00021034059,0.000019025389,0.000036807134,0.000017272961,0.00015640551,0.00009179035,0.000011944688],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000045495122,0.00009054019,0.000028349792,0.000017620563,0.000102521975,0.00010239618,0.00004191247,0.000091191396,2.9708298e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000040772113,0.000036453446,0.22047384,0.0012835326,0.000063655956,0.000009612886,0.0002305928,0.054587904,0.7200156,0.00000203827,0.00045412427,0.002801877],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00050728576,0.000018038465,0.0066012787,0.00009430578,0.00001580103,0.000002341401,0.000014332586,0.4168885,0.57559603,0.00008214938,0.00006266351,0.000117289295],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000038390033,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000067229585,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3623006,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000028088756,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006276531,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.36921218},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2765587903","doi":"10.1115/fedsm2017-69051","title":"CFD Simulation of Three Phase Gas-Liquid-Solid Flow in Horizontal Pipes","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"Texas A and M University","keywords":"Computational fluid dynamics; Pressure drop; Turbulence; Multiphase flow; Mechanics; Two-phase flow; Flow (mathematics); Materials science; Reynolds number; Fluid dynamics; Slurry; Reynolds stress; Mechanical engineering; Simulation; Engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.014978778461782357,"score_gpt":0.2750189221679138,"score_spread":0.26004014370613143,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2765587903","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8827363,0.00004321153,0.10861212,0.000013421477,0.00019469528,0.00007438473,0.0000066304256,0.000052799733,0.008266388],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987288,0.000013929536,0.0011568351,0.0000032968085,0.000046852798,0.0000026962668,0.0000055811583,0.000014703672,0.000027277758],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995696,0.0000024631704,0.00015454751,0.00007879898,0.00006778417,0.00012681607],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996855,0.000018381535,0.000022326147,0.00022908761,0.000017189857,0.00002747063],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007434337,0.000074816264,0.00011875524,0.000053487598,0.000038617425,0.000025481275,0.00011650202,0.000045708108,0.00004379834],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000027362024,0.00007394439,0.00003286329,0.000023553177,0.000015420725,0.00016455626,0.000027887449,0.000056606907,0.0000075222524],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000035581983,0.00004883606,0.0006194266,0.00004115117,0.000017042497,0.000008544099,0.0001428707,0.883856,0.083957486,0.0011783243,0.00003754261,0.030057197],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00063127006,0.00006503816,0.0007064118,0.000023676543,0.0000037290483,4.8218874e-7,0.000008563375,0.9894816,0.00872747,0.00018382327,0.000082195795,0.00008570773],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010986651,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011643994,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.11599248,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002688917,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000060880834,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3015365},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2767434269","doi":"10.1139/cjce-2017-0284","title":"A new compartmental model for describing the mixing behaviour in a multi-transversal jet reactor","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Mixing (physics); Transverse plane; Mechanics; Reynolds number; Jet (fluid); Flow (mathematics); Dispersion (optics); TRACER; Transversal (combinatorics); Materials science; Turbulence; Physics; Mathematics; Engineering; Optics; Mathematical analysis; Structural engineering; Nuclear physics","score_opus":0.043211694015522405,"score_gpt":0.22191383290000466,"score_spread":0.17870213888448225,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2767434269","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.27857053,0.0009776535,0.71873033,0.00015416552,0.0010972795,0.00021861686,0.000038933136,0.000025783424,0.00018671759],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9923904,0.000013967594,0.007377018,0.000013120431,0.00011939421,0.0000047574918,0.0000020154757,0.0000502858,0.000029067049],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99910873,0.0000038406624,0.00030530593,0.000084115636,0.00008844446,0.00040957442],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999298,0.000034324195,0.000063641186,0.00019724703,0.000035467154,0.00037132192],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024138461,0.00016499053,0.00022218355,0.00020673088,0.00013432404,0.00018105205,0.00040339684,0.00006288712,0.00000803982],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000065287226,0.00015107053,0.00012523844,0.00004394956,0.000016530612,0.00030289422,0.000009465605,0.00030260388,5.81347e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000044115473,0.0000037731231,0.003961473,0.000031449857,0.00004313846,0.00006212342,0.0012052949,0.9884971,0.004619405,0.00025219694,0.00083235785,0.00048729425],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008090539,0.000014127703,0.0038626748,0.00024471295,0.000026239753,0.000048707636,0.00006270238,0.99413806,0.00020858728,0.000024183906,0.00039205054,0.00016888196],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013308742,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.2919937,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.71381986,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002975388,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00025144758,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.72092557},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2768161199","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23086","title":"CFD‐PBE‐PBE simulation of an airlift loop crystallizer","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Crystallization; Nucleation; Breakage; Computational fluid dynamics; Airlift; Coalescence (physics); Bubble; Solver; Mechanics; Chemistry; Particle (ecology); Thermodynamics; Particle size; Mass transfer; Materials science; Physics; Physical chemistry; Mathematics; Bioreactor","score_opus":0.00795533806849166,"score_gpt":0.19989913048150856,"score_spread":0.1919437924130169,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2768161199","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99230283,0.00023668834,0.006587635,0.00008234155,0.00036039678,0.00004531111,0.0000074299614,0.00001744638,0.0003598878],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990458,0.0000031652548,0.0006813597,0.000011918315,0.00020658193,5.871028e-7,0.0000016140425,0.000034374207,0.000014583612],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99927217,0.000004572985,0.0002919371,0.000057509445,0.00013499909,0.00023882654],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99917495,0.000045191144,0.00008979691,0.00029009816,0.00008846734,0.0003114809],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021635395,0.000118741984,0.00019251925,0.00009560466,0.00007912446,0.00008554634,0.00044694246,0.000081749036,0.000022911949],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016731201,0.00010153422,0.00008376786,0.000045677025,0.00004823025,0.00022888389,0.0000130919225,0.00028317072,0.0000013081955],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000028288084,0.0000020176712,0.00004317687,0.000028556631,0.000032336953,0.000015805455,0.00012681018,0.88899815,0.10961265,0.00029150306,0.000026784473,0.0008193702],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00023858946,0.00001587357,0.00034222798,0.000095780306,0.000022651873,0.000032151365,0.0000060824937,0.9725133,0.025799818,0.00013228226,0.000669942,0.00013128915],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00041219918,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00029679388,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08381283,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012179251,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009158251,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.41404453},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2784015047","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23135","title":"CFD simulation of hydrodynamics characteristics in a tank stirred by a hollow self‐inducing impeller","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Impeller; Slip factor; Computational fluid dynamics; Mechanics; Aeration; Flow (mathematics); Materials science; Power consumption; Power (physics); Agitator; Volumetric flow rate; Mechanical engineering; Environmental science; Engineering; Physics; Thermodynamics; Waste management","score_opus":0.0035374164230868744,"score_gpt":0.1725415322586339,"score_spread":0.169004115835547,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2784015047","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9930596,0.00017327034,0.0061720395,0.00005075865,0.00038025813,0.00005803569,0.000015665035,0.000018493023,0.0000719241],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99910206,0.000005674841,0.00066278083,0.000011426536,0.00016746669,7.813679e-7,0.000003905708,0.000037190068,0.000008719382],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990521,0.000006877331,0.00044658134,0.000068465946,0.00012645016,0.00029952027],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994349,0.00007206087,0.00007875327,0.00013106513,0.00008643063,0.00019682209],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025798113,0.00013533069,0.00024277039,0.00017585125,0.000024452902,0.000029298744,0.0002117793,0.00009918789,0.000011691743],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013460021,0.00012431062,0.00006210645,0.00023625336,0.000034725123,0.00009112584,0.000010375999,0.00034194678,0.0000014622512],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000068822324,0.000007184189,0.00027883062,0.000063176274,0.00006335824,0.000018012192,0.0009295029,0.67738426,0.32038945,0.00005779073,0.00016764963,0.0006339085],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002294287,0.00001853929,0.00020447404,0.00013370164,0.000017368187,0.000021031088,0.0000071635163,0.9893262,0.009490178,0.000017375445,0.0004061909,0.00012837446],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00027672725,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00022886059,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.31194192,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00031322232,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000113228976,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.506924},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2786854203","doi":"10.1007/978-3-319-72284-9_165","title":"Role of the Porosity of Carbon Anodes in the Nucleation and Growth of Gas Bubbles","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"The minerals, metals & materials series","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Chicoutimi","funders":"Institut National Du Cancer","keywords":"Anode; Electrolysis; Nucleation; Porosity; Bubble; Gaseous diffusion; Materials science; Diffusion; Carbon fibers; Chemical engineering; Electrolyte; Mechanics; Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Composite material; Electrode; Physics; Engineering","score_opus":0.006694768878166298,"score_gpt":0.1743783539622461,"score_spread":0.1676835850840798,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2786854203","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9863008,0.0015408429,0.000003562336,0.00003625047,0.0002735721,0.0003429524,0.00021259766,0.00002010865,0.011269265],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99607575,0.0007227543,0.000096022624,0.000012588159,0.000100655285,0.000010970418,0.000022305068,0.000054259468,0.0029047015],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987851,0.00007960651,0.00060914905,0.00015429367,0.00022208631,0.00014977784],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990897,0.000059542777,0.00031411715,0.00042588505,0.000096960095,0.000013792792],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006100921,0.00027395933,0.000624059,0.000079666126,0.0000419234,0.000037119462,0.00033291653,0.00016078773,0.000056178662],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000018380326,0.00015584976,0.00008719729,0.000047166264,0.00032065265,0.00009595965,0.00012267209,0.000086788335,7.1804135e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000030476445,0.000007936824,0.000045291446,0.00038685862,0.00007909131,4.1092432e-7,0.0011368934,0.000070777955,0.96852815,0.029631402,0.00005067291,0.00003204582],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003923531,0.00017523333,0.004311322,0.00082972116,0.00044784902,0.0000302358,0.00043482793,0.0005500478,0.9165576,0.0739079,0.0018228582,0.00054004684],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007363238,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005801451,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.051970538,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000015750564,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016682397,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.63553685},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2789631213","doi":"10.3390/chemengineering2010008","title":"Modelling of Bubbly Flow Using CFD-PBM Solver in OpenFOAM: Study of Local Population Balance Models and Extended Quadrature Method of Moments Applications","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ChemEngineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Hydro-Québec; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Computational fluid dynamics; Bubble; Mechanics; Solver; Multiphase flow; Nyström method; Flow (mathematics); Eulerian path; Population; Quadrature (astronomy); Computer science; Mathematics; Mathematical optimization; Physics; Applied mathematics; Mathematical analysis","score_opus":0.023733941210619343,"score_gpt":0.2677531143177509,"score_spread":0.24401917310713156,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2789631213","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.4295602,0.00016844882,0.5700042,3.8356106e-7,0.000028885543,0.00018203317,0.00000482558,0.000016335422,0.000034662935],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.89571416,0.00002041539,0.10419017,6.5521454e-7,0.000019726442,0.000017986265,0.0000065924723,0.000027589685,0.000002672945],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991417,0.000007356751,0.00040289466,0.00016010355,0.00013251438,0.00015542287],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996243,0.000018941113,0.000059091315,0.00019776296,0.00006679727,0.000033105283],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000172481,0.00013702575,0.00029158514,0.00016024028,0.000017859425,0.000006285813,0.00009659233,0.00006798031,0.0000019346971],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000026703422,0.00015582515,0.000024549714,0.00028628868,0.000017271768,0.00016411948,0.000044661818,0.00009691195,7.290156e-8],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005818174,0.00004922268,0.00017088825,0.00021973182,0.000032981046,2.4382538e-7,0.0007878522,0.93834513,0.05842238,0.00033505415,3.7748512e-7,0.0016303443],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00044474003,0.00003054674,0.00023006664,0.000109074914,0.000019856052,0.0000010095395,0.00028157822,0.98859215,0.009942299,0.0002241391,0.0000015659119,0.00012296156],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00013904016,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000017159922,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.46615398,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000058672296,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000071869513,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.63543653},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2791443189","doi":"10.2118/189721-ms","title":"Evaluation of Inflow Control Device Performance using Computational Fluid Dynamics","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SPE Canada Heavy Oil Technical Conference","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; RGL Reservoir Management","keywords":"Computational fluid dynamics; Inflow; Volumetric flow rate; Flow (mathematics); Sensitivity (control systems); Flow coefficient; Fluid dynamics; Simulation; Computer science; Mechanics; Nozzle; Viscosity; Control theory (sociology); Mechanical engineering; Materials science; Engineering; Electronic engineering; Physics; Control (management)","score_opus":0.024137158983304312,"score_gpt":0.24679720276695177,"score_spread":0.22266004378364745,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2791443189","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.91072613,0.00012747887,0.08217782,0.00009254577,0.00038083206,0.0001231603,0.00007279927,0.00009460406,0.006204613],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9951826,0.0000135531045,0.00461299,0.00007426498,0.000057804504,0.00000797265,0.0000214458,0.000019490995,0.000009904369],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985209,0.000035754278,0.00034121922,0.00016649565,0.0006913805,0.00024422485],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99868566,0.00006248198,0.000051471558,0.00020095677,0.00091059157,0.00008886406],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005134419,0.00014558884,0.00020810503,0.00005828901,0.0000780605,0.000019456058,0.00019211936,0.000085120475,0.00007027621],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010190385,0.00015883209,0.000027309059,0.00019759426,0.000104754596,0.00009408379,0.000027810987,0.00015795277,0.0000023802281],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000026384554,0.000020000245,0.00071639474,0.000168637,0.000064180655,0.0000025758802,0.00002805366,0.8817022,0.016032683,0.0068972325,0.00025664805,0.09408501],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00037865946,0.000035786656,0.0024623026,0.000095919364,0.000051105842,0.000008718781,0.000009592369,0.9955511,0.0007538219,0.00032872515,0.00015160817,0.00017262262],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.022387456,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.3733635,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.35097605,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007865997,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0013684104,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9841226},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2792890768","doi":"10.1007/s00449-018-1902-7","title":"Hydrodynamic performance of a single-use aerated stirred bioreactor in animal cell culture: applications of tomography, dynamic gas disengagement (DGD), and CFD","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Sanofi (Canada); Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Impeller; Computational fluid dynamics; Aeration; Bioreactor; Sauter mean diameter; Mechanics; Volumetric flow rate; Materials science; Bubble; Turbulence; Multiphase flow; Flow (mathematics); Chemistry; Engineering; Mechanical engineering; Physics; Waste management","score_opus":0.003977820599441275,"score_gpt":0.16810563867759404,"score_spread":0.16412781807815277,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2792890768","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99586207,0.0017992227,0.0017499814,0.0000030067417,0.000080852995,0.00031861852,0.000060132847,0.00009294968,0.00003314053],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988136,0.00040293715,0.00065155316,9.639448e-7,0.000027529095,0.000035684498,0.000019724246,0.000032794014,0.000015205211],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990578,0.0000057453176,0.0003826413,0.00021880063,0.000107512074,0.00022747774],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999629,0.000017723152,0.00006666951,0.00015020395,0.000068916415,0.00006743671],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000106553205,0.00021178118,0.00027867896,0.0002806594,0.00003553367,0.000036432262,0.00009506034,0.000095176685,9.384056e-7],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000005740806,0.00019753247,0.000030962106,0.0005202901,0.000054194636,0.00015695364,0.00003917992,0.000097059405,3.5553379e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014443197,0.000046519017,0.005218681,0.0024625566,0.000028773513,9.4023096e-7,0.0003663308,0.0013418116,0.98961437,0.000039029335,0.000002199121,0.0008643365],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00044313178,0.00020237247,0.01127939,0.0004859285,0.000025962772,0.0000076111655,0.00011971904,0.9356693,0.051294144,0.0000013292814,0.00017284555,0.00029823688],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000049700626,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000053381893,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9383202,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003595642,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000076853785,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.80551404},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2793222362","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23178","title":"Modelling gas‐liquid mass transfer in a two‐phase jet flow","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Mass transfer; Mass transfer coefficient; Mixing (physics); Mechanics; Jet (fluid); Flow (mathematics); Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Physics","score_opus":0.007761999926326911,"score_gpt":0.1921878843511871,"score_spread":0.1844258844248602,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2793222362","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.83260196,0.0003532061,0.1662383,0.00010922974,0.0003582651,0.000049754166,0.000007296729,0.000022961558,0.00025901178],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9966264,0.00000764388,0.0028973965,0.000029869776,0.00038747684,0.0000019065898,0.0000014020392,0.000045274803,0.000002671152],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99904436,0.000006598384,0.00033980104,0.000075349984,0.00011978077,0.00041410202],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99941796,0.000038628732,0.000013012146,0.00012983226,0.00005740301,0.00034318893],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002722143,0.0001557507,0.00020908412,0.00020628107,0.00003382844,0.000043113887,0.0002641166,0.00006168382,0.000035090274],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000025377454,0.00013189747,0.00008574264,0.00021271569,0.000040835967,0.00010396585,0.000004383344,0.00047319016,0.0000045669212],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012428679,0.0000025765878,0.0000032888588,0.000015559806,0.00002376488,0.000047568792,0.00040994302,0.861348,0.1374911,0.0003632725,0.00003260477,0.00024991916],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006006828,0.000031393163,3.2029467e-7,0.00011042139,0.000013513344,0.000066928915,0.0000073266624,0.93760175,0.060840286,0.000099026445,0.00048531502,0.00014306566],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00051833095,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007374833,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.16402438,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00025956432,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00011318443,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5378623},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2793504824","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23162","title":"Mixing in a co‐current upflow bubble column reactors with and without internals","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Mixing (physics); Mechanics; Materials science; Computational fluid dynamics; Dispersion (optics); Turbulence; Bubble column reactor; Work (physics); Rod; Flow (mathematics); Column (typography); Convection; Thermodynamics; Physics; Optics; Gas bubble; Geometry","score_opus":0.006270803048449754,"score_gpt":0.1943774042057546,"score_spread":0.18810660115730485,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2793504824","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9972111,0.0007869288,0.0014309826,0.000059343056,0.000249558,0.0000512574,0.0000028673755,0.0000150995775,0.00019285438],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99919987,0.000012010752,0.0005373519,0.000014269894,0.00019829474,0.0000015730454,5.8760736e-7,0.000030335714,0.0000057141974],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993019,0.0000051979837,0.0002317144,0.00006840972,0.000104387866,0.00028838986],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995028,0.000032349726,0.000034574834,0.00009157418,0.000050710107,0.00028803304],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021542946,0.00012437369,0.00018645349,0.00016021654,0.000027947417,0.00006736039,0.00016683516,0.000044869495,0.000009813411],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000049210434,0.000096053314,0.000028324532,0.00013786893,0.000065620756,0.00009519979,0.00000862136,0.00039093295,0.0000012977761],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014816766,0.00003781311,0.06974741,0.0006567011,0.00062075607,0.00031756988,0.011399983,0.15382557,0.73786646,0.0018016987,0.0021502487,0.02142763],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002182993,0.00020213398,0.0048185796,0.0031375412,0.000087383545,0.0013081745,0.000099916186,0.8589325,0.11644562,0.00022785344,0.0115847215,0.0009725728],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006231647,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0020867258,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7051069,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002077972,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009628809,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.39169404},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2794149809","doi":"10.3390/chemengineering2010012","title":"Hydrodynamics of Bubble Columns: Turbulence and Population Balance Model","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ChemEngineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"","keywords":"Turbulence; Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations; Mechanics; Bubble; Computational fluid dynamics; Turbulence kinetic energy; Drag; K-epsilon turbulence model; Turbulence modeling; K-omega turbulence model; Physics; Statistical physics; Classical mechanics","score_opus":0.002878607495201092,"score_gpt":0.17011169436026474,"score_spread":0.16723308686506366,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2794149809","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8639066,0.00031605424,0.13466941,0.0000036653157,0.0001223709,0.000055581055,0.0000053539397,0.00013634852,0.00078460475],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98854434,0.00009708876,0.011223864,0.0000037741913,0.0000452737,0.0000049807923,0.000007509028,0.00002635792,0.00004678069],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995272,7.709868e-7,0.00014618486,0.000102695354,0.00006907747,0.00015405919],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99978715,0.000006765694,0.000015153361,0.00012767735,0.00002529365,0.000037935828],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00005391457,0.00009631572,0.0001163512,0.000047684316,0.000022486596,0.000011306263,0.000063188854,0.000044107222,0.0000035522164],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000008336019,0.000115641145,0.0000163353,0.0000975699,0.000019175437,0.000099581266,0.000025353227,0.0000580322,0.0000013348305],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000126627,0.000003392958,0.0008781601,0.00015807891,0.000012412332,3.533675e-7,0.00012377033,0.90458167,0.09215274,0.0012281326,0.000023736282,0.0008363105],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000106262145,0.000009822464,0.0011323382,0.000051746236,0.000005067241,0.0000018579689,0.000005312349,0.9947512,0.003611933,0.0001546577,0.000049897517,0.00011988951],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000010382144,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008105306,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12463776,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003444986,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003741374,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4715709},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2796571867","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23221","title":"Overcoming the gamma‐ray computed tomography data processing pitfalls for bubble column equipped with vertical internal tubes","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Higher Committee for Education Development in Iraq; Ministère de l'Education Nationale, de l'Enseignement Superieur et de la Recherche","keywords":"Attenuation; Bubble; Imaging phantom; Column (typography); Tomography; Materials science; Computed tomography; Mechanics; Physics; Mathematics; Optics; Geometry; Radiology","score_opus":0.010566919633415417,"score_gpt":0.19954657642177762,"score_spread":0.1889796567883622,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2796571867","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.84827197,0.0008527474,0.14958979,0.00039168875,0.00051043,0.00018639062,0.000022236936,0.000053367785,0.0001213709],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99488163,0.0000016785243,0.0043314965,0.00007894683,0.00064088445,0.000003534622,0.0000053045674,0.000052164996,0.0000043827645],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99889094,0.000008137204,0.0003257494,0.00012553476,0.00018182925,0.0004677988],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99905896,0.0001512085,0.00002926936,0.00030177343,0.0001552789,0.0003034859],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00040353832,0.00017795146,0.0002228933,0.00011204626,0.00014362264,0.00021459114,0.0009043703,0.00006908125,0.000008275222],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000107247615,0.00011574077,0.00006982863,0.00023857165,0.00012244661,0.00020146041,0.000050413073,0.0004128952,0.000001038641],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002477981,0.000038413087,0.0012105303,0.00061618455,0.0012493386,0.00012531306,0.002822067,0.28097194,0.69293755,0.0027594878,0.0076234867,0.009397917],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00044913247,0.000060998842,0.00013874257,0.00037437247,0.00007266196,0.00016932077,0.000021530012,0.9795719,0.016091952,0.000055911893,0.0027940667,0.00019945895],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00025883218,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00067564205,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.69859993,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014058943,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00020113331,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.47197714},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2797332184","doi":"10.7939/r3xw4893h","title":"CFD Modelling of Laminar, Open-Channel Flows of Non-Newtonian Slurries","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Alberta Library","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Laminar flow; Computational fluid dynamics; Slurry; Mechanics; Channel (broadcasting); Environmental science; Marine engineering; Engineering; Physics; Environmental engineering; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.011334855987374019,"score_gpt":0.1711513688996084,"score_spread":0.1598165129122344,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2797332184","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.89625263,0.00010038052,0.020313231,0.00010856604,0.00013056539,0.00011515507,0.000020452611,0.000019097219,0.082939915],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98197734,0.0002192455,0.01412888,0.000003496743,0.000010800731,5.897229e-8,0.000012588962,0.000018713106,0.003628863],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995816,0.0000059584377,0.00012092923,0.00010670967,0.0000666314,0.00011817956],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99942034,0.000039898754,0.000090264795,0.00038335376,0.000018403976,0.000047712427],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000031501193,0.0000924581,0.00023676865,0.00007997857,0.00010292471,0.00002171922,0.00075678877,0.000068318914,0.00007151859],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000046790888,0.000114267175,0.000070978924,0.000042754393,0.0000878591,0.0009845762,0.0003834179,0.00006675128,0.0000031723325],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00019695866,0.00015684147,0.0060679507,0.0010797601,0.0003842659,0.000033705375,0.017778067,0.9421217,0.0136338,0.013109698,0.0038087354,0.0016285238],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004108764,0.000036579706,0.0006669998,0.00021845421,0.00002226124,6.954699e-7,0.0004279309,0.99238276,0.0042213993,0.00034395585,0.0011428379,0.00012522169],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0030699172,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00032285976,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08572472,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000062258487,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000030646246,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.465968},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2801173069","doi":"10.1139/tcsme-2006-0002","title":"THE GAS-ASSISTED FLUID FLOW EXPELLED IN FRONT OF A LONG BUBBLE IN A CIRCULAR TUBE","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Transactions of the Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Mechanics; Bubble; Flow (mathematics); Vorticity; Tube (container); Streamlines, streaklines, and pathlines; Fluid dynamics; Computational fluid dynamics; Computation; Physics; Vortex; Materials science; Mathematics","score_opus":0.004991700828096185,"score_gpt":0.1692589471754307,"score_spread":0.1642672463473345,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2801173069","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.28416967,0.0016282339,0.71175116,0.0003567079,0.00078599603,0.0009501607,0.00012725951,0.0000882702,0.00014252329],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9954474,0.000042197353,0.004341108,0.000008165384,0.000017049835,0.00006807966,0.000004326983,0.000037075934,0.000034581062],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990474,0.000008041165,0.00036087906,0.00011304162,0.00011419326,0.00035642626],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99954367,0.00009236616,0.000020000296,0.00024565632,0.00002726633,0.00007106848],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026441354,0.00013108292,0.000210333,0.00007050623,0.00008494202,0.000013703818,0.00024040007,0.00013247755,0.000007610785],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000147748215,0.000114225026,0.00038213507,0.00024695072,0.000022707907,0.000048578455,0.0000045881843,0.00022650932,3.054978e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000034461716,0.000014335832,0.000009200099,0.00011982017,0.000051010906,8.9174205e-7,0.00019080333,0.96444714,0.033381917,0.00079528365,0.00004439843,0.0009417766],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005049686,0.000009951621,0.00027471516,0.00009688026,0.000022464115,0.0000031836862,0.0000955544,0.9901875,0.008263773,0.00014501963,0.00027572105,0.00012024718],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01877341,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.25097546,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7112777,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004990913,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009007709,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.98776066},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2801252693","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23224","title":"Modelling dispersion of immiscible fluids in a turbulent Couette flow","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Turbulence; Mechanics; Couette flow; Coalescence (physics); Computational fluid dynamics; Reynolds number; Taylor–Couette flow; Reynolds stress; Dispersion (optics); Population; Physics; Flow (mathematics); Classical mechanics; Materials science; Optics","score_opus":0.005804541997483705,"score_gpt":0.16498822967543111,"score_spread":0.1591836876779474,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2801252693","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97102535,0.0008089731,0.027536144,0.00013082351,0.0002788442,0.000040730883,0.000002986251,0.000010774953,0.00016536335],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9970054,0.000013262157,0.0027647759,0.000013290965,0.00017128499,6.577331e-7,7.8612385e-7,0.000024525369,0.0000060420707],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99924934,0.0000040103523,0.00030705097,0.00005551714,0.00012226362,0.00026180525],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995679,0.000029139208,0.000028094699,0.0001151638,0.00006652953,0.00019314616],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022807572,0.000103969775,0.00017692147,0.00017354835,0.000022030883,0.000019341047,0.00022347932,0.000063457024,0.00001812157],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000025026444,0.00008608614,0.000068921305,0.00019274282,0.000043797743,0.00007108731,0.000008654137,0.0002726758,0.000001832127],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000033211766,0.0000017470844,0.000016305756,0.000025543439,0.000016610806,0.000012943197,0.00035333147,0.87694246,0.12217057,0.00017698825,0.00011059086,0.00016961008],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001672003,0.00001455892,0.000009031565,0.00018031844,0.000009408502,0.00004420477,0.000009418743,0.94805646,0.05102199,0.00006483299,0.00033414894,0.000088406305],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00048581717,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00015040368,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.071148574,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021346401,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008654912,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3510491},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2806302664","doi":"10.11159/ffhmt18.168","title":"Two-phase Flow Behaviour in Airlift Pumps","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the ... International Conference on Fluid Flow, Heat and Mass Transfer","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs","keywords":"Airlift; Flow (mathematics); Two-phase flow; Phase (matter); Computer science; Mechanics; Physics; Chemistry","score_opus":0.014975478946572507,"score_gpt":0.2465082068308637,"score_spread":0.2315327278842912,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2806302664","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9656952,0.00004461878,0.001546917,0.00061152544,0.0007001588,0.00020547371,0.00005831354,0.00006126292,0.03107653],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99866295,0.00012594707,0.00075381325,0.000101160964,0.00013458889,0.000024834239,0.0000065203,0.000026175137,0.00016398802],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989842,0.0000031808395,0.00028869018,0.00022473064,0.00027603016,0.00022317337],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996166,0.000013969934,0.000008699244,0.00007769107,0.00021680006,0.000066190245],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016712904,0.00019168365,0.00018910202,0.00014988794,0.00004840332,0.0000785737,0.0003689931,0.00007880431,0.00013436089],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000014430758,0.00015804874,0.000072579016,0.00011484563,0.00009752939,0.00019852105,0.000034442863,0.00020219851,0.000008421684],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017417126,0.00012027827,0.0026374382,0.00007571355,0.000065817105,0.0000019321837,0.0009573096,0.0006618753,0.8943272,0.09698167,0.00037378806,0.0036227712],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0019030509,0.0001404594,0.00081640185,0.000280018,0.000025339128,0.000008132727,0.00017231377,0.894459,0.09953776,0.0020518536,0.00034766903,0.00025799105],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004022204,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004961314,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.89379716,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000053670276,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000020669497,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6445041},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2806760500","doi":"10.11159/ffhmt18.157","title":"Oscillating Frequency Approach for Void Fraction Measurements in Two-Phase Flow","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the ... International Conference on Fluid Flow, Heat and Mass Transfer","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Porosity; Two-phase flow; Void (composites); Materials science; Flow (mathematics); Mechanics; Computer science; Physics; Composite material","score_opus":0.03698370165060935,"score_gpt":0.2721423127367705,"score_spread":0.23515861108616112,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2806760500","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8900106,0.000048724552,0.0679081,0.00025430863,0.00066838827,0.00054150115,0.000058298367,0.00006612312,0.04044399],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98905015,0.00004243755,0.010556104,0.00005231622,0.0001637631,0.000059838065,0.000011580342,0.00002478818,0.000039032468],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99897116,0.0000036062338,0.0002963672,0.00023313217,0.0002923145,0.00020341891],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995311,0.000017102055,0.000014104341,0.00006109071,0.00033036715,0.00004627088],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002844793,0.00017342363,0.00017853771,0.00013139407,0.000073522075,0.00007341662,0.0002442596,0.000063950305,0.00003262078],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000036074136,0.00014583947,0.00006957011,0.000102130994,0.000055352953,0.00023771505,0.000016457941,0.00014766584,0.0000013522196],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000109622095,0.00006142372,0.0014434892,0.00011329112,0.000058381836,7.1203e-8,0.00041059073,0.0009554844,0.9769538,0.0161233,0.00007605004,0.0036945126],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015184232,0.000090279726,0.00015017473,0.00015941604,0.000018294459,0.000002135375,0.00013828852,0.9256662,0.06933523,0.0026863844,0.000069574286,0.00016559249],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000033055796,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000022580034,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.92471075,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009800387,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000019727177,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5947161},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2807856931","doi":"10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2018.06.007","title":"A microscopic computer vision algorithm for autonomous bubble detection in aerated complex liquids","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Food Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Robustness (evolution); Computer science; Flexibility (engineering); Biological system; Artificial intelligence; Light scattering; Computer vision; Scattering; Optics; Mathematics; Physics; Chemistry; Statistics","score_opus":0.006706055781798521,"score_gpt":0.2142000385529231,"score_spread":0.20749398277112457,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2807856931","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.40077218,0.00012778322,0.59808034,0.000006422948,0.00087589346,0.000071630166,0.0000031137213,0.000048778664,0.000013884519],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.89601827,0.00001364476,0.103387825,0.000011107073,0.00052187074,0.0000035230746,0.0000018126635,0.000037857077,0.000004076675],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99920416,0.0000052851146,0.0003886872,0.00008312649,0.000083445186,0.00023531783],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999679,0.000030157153,0.000046698056,0.00007675251,0.00010268011,0.00006465845],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018009622,0.00013560208,0.00022551737,0.00028186553,0.00003155273,0.000049351995,0.0001032453,0.00007727325,0.000004287784],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00000845252,0.00014106036,0.000072907154,0.0001862779,0.000009475213,0.00016077966,0.00001641457,0.00017545828,0.0000020060838],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014045349,0.000023784656,0.000005170466,0.00007582196,0.000063744366,0.000008311525,0.00016866055,0.3505997,0.5900262,0.000025882522,0.00011920857,0.05886944],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00069393334,0.0010203759,0.00058838894,0.00012366916,0.0000091073325,0.00006548939,0.000005091258,0.96005315,0.03567781,0.000015038978,0.001611036,0.0001368956],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000272992,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000139582935,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.60945344,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017288448,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001492054,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.57522744},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2808989343","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23290","title":"Study of fluid dynamic conditions in the selected static mixers part III—research of mixture homogeneity","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Homogeneity (statistics); Turbulence; Mechanics; Pressure drop; Laminar flow; Static mixer; Reynolds number; Computational fluid dynamics; Turbulence kinetic energy; Mathematics; Materials science; Thermodynamics; Physics; Statistics","score_opus":0.01425726415270196,"score_gpt":0.25221847430788985,"score_spread":0.2379612101551879,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2808989343","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9990519,0.00022361625,0.00024995382,0.00008281161,0.00014902191,0.0001566484,0.000018999683,0.0000065146664,0.00006051222],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99979746,0.000005138386,0.0000935077,0.000007710332,0.000064184336,0.0000050589792,0.000003153045,0.000020693078,0.0000031134484],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99888587,0.000049890103,0.00041331307,0.0000652599,0.00026497152,0.00032066868],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99912316,0.00022066337,0.000049003,0.00020112419,0.00026764648,0.00013840714],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00076421426,0.00010780239,0.00022455897,0.00027464642,0.000055213113,0.000019287143,0.0004408885,0.00005975901,0.000017815119],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002015596,0.00007798096,0.000049348,0.00074691814,0.00012150613,0.000051834006,0.0000125893,0.00053385406,7.2729154e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000020815036,0.00009914194,0.00070939475,0.00016031487,0.00032646715,0.000084483094,0.015805386,0.24695398,0.7336166,0.0005354187,0.0014553724,0.00023264476],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0028896523,0.0007760575,0.011663379,0.0008176866,0.00020994965,0.00036010589,0.004046566,0.84473217,0.13289034,0.0005727714,0.00040688855,0.000634454],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011102913,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00526514,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.60072625,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017843177,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00020008312,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.31799713},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2810105318","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23292","title":"Experimental investigation on pressure drop of a laboratory‐scale random packing column under roll and heave motion","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Collaborative Innovation Center of Major Machine Manufacturing in Liaoning; Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People's Republic of China; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Drop (telecommunication); Pressure drop; Mechanics; Tilt (camera); Ambient pressure; Liquid drop; Materials science; Geology; Structural engineering; Physics; Engineering; Meteorology; Mechanical engineering","score_opus":0.005817393116432587,"score_gpt":0.17273055712162674,"score_spread":0.16691316400519415,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2810105318","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9965661,0.0006927591,0.0022908167,0.00007593799,0.00022090967,0.000060922823,0.00000755774,0.000013060579,0.000071905895],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994455,0.0000021752553,0.00031191003,0.00003272553,0.00017966323,0.0000013783931,0.0000010124614,0.000021978807,0.0000036541178],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994721,0.000009578661,0.00020362335,0.00005528909,0.000105835126,0.00015361559],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995693,0.000037995633,0.000043036718,0.00007921923,0.00007106118,0.00019940155],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017003299,0.00009394039,0.00014945868,0.00008647393,0.000039089442,0.00003210472,0.000086493805,0.00006343995,0.000008526952],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000038771395,0.0000822636,0.000033370034,0.00010708389,0.00007150494,0.00007979189,0.0000063489765,0.00018410948,5.4962123e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012761731,0.000003233264,0.000101586615,0.000032359756,0.000048955553,0.0000024661297,0.00086660456,0.06563898,0.93271464,0.00039481852,0.000101757076,0.00008181139],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006680133,0.00004634953,0.0001549889,0.000153501,0.000024363866,0.000020918846,0.000035563822,0.2695971,0.72897625,0.00008713911,0.00013431278,0.00010146905],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00015511537,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000098534125,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.20395812,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000099724435,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000055697255,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.33546123},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2880843846","doi":"10.5539/jmr.v10n5p19","title":"Simulation of the Effect of Oil Volume Fractions in an Oil-Water Flows Along a Circular Pipe: A Finite Element Approach","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Mathematics Research","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Mahidol University","keywords":"Multiphysics; Volume fraction; Finite element method; Volume (thermodynamics); Mathematics; Mechanics; Finite volume method; Fraction (chemistry); Pipeline transport; RADIUS; Work (physics); Galerkin method; Petroleum engineering; Geometry; Materials science; Engineering; Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Mechanical engineering; Physics; Composite material; Computer science; Chromatography","score_opus":0.03448025137857265,"score_gpt":0.32295637380452746,"score_spread":0.28847612242595483,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2880843846","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95832974,0.000057871166,0.040908318,0.000020059495,0.000079255326,0.00007489142,0.000002660344,0.000004434134,0.00052277837],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.996276,0.000018846771,0.0035313356,0.0000010358021,0.00007433123,0.00000569765,0.000001106432,0.000021711725,0.000069926835],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983227,0.00016565886,0.00057019846,0.000064819505,0.0006546848,0.00022190904],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99887985,0.00037845506,0.000097196666,0.00026869166,0.00032637984,0.000049439728],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0032354998,0.000083774765,0.000250944,0.00033134842,0.00005650337,0.000027922559,0.00026330902,0.00006468304,0.00003129629],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00034390372,0.000051718504,0.000097954064,0.000269959,0.000056384088,0.00013563446,0.00006159286,0.0003974381,0.0000042517822],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001873147,0.00014997851,0.0010427517,0.0010762628,0.00006145183,0.0000033135384,0.0026351279,0.9214841,0.07165775,0.000036310594,0.000018469413,0.001815731],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00039961268,0.00021739549,0.00026171686,0.00024108078,0.000016581447,0.0000068519976,0.00018006176,0.98898625,0.009375543,0.00019239947,0.00007341703,0.00004910859],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001548458,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002387568,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.067502104,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000103869126,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000029797155,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.21090193},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2884095370","doi":"10.1016/j.compfluid.2018.07.009","title":"CFD simulation of a slurry bubble column: Effect of population balance kernels","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computers & Fluids","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"","keywords":"Mechanics; Turbulence; Breakup; Coalescence (physics); Drag; Bubble; Materials science; Population; Thermodynamics; Computational fluid dynamics; Slurry; Physics","score_opus":0.004070502028668757,"score_gpt":0.21882672988153576,"score_spread":0.214756227852867,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2884095370","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.78275305,0.00014625689,0.21596354,0.000002305002,0.0005937791,0.00012743041,0.00000483164,0.00008141746,0.00032737505],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9975038,0.0000062089366,0.0022841566,0.000008875276,0.00012745349,0.0000027164353,0.0000220182,0.00002100268,0.000023756778],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.999356,0.000023252698,0.00024760363,0.000117691554,0.000118893884,0.00013660964],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995685,0.00010580689,0.0000373333,0.0001960748,0.00005933571,0.000032953434],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013820166,0.00010696142,0.00022277825,0.000074427226,0.00003036333,0.000010712983,0.00010653925,0.00006252098,0.000010242928],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000016671393,0.00011374055,0.00005807609,0.0001670312,0.00003527577,0.000090410234,0.000033696826,0.000048085865,0.000006702771],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000033919467,0.00001550103,0.014119478,0.00031530624,0.000050942188,0.0000011405475,0.00031015114,0.90891856,0.06408458,0.00040608775,0.00074429053,0.011000048],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00036399026,0.00020628309,0.012765206,0.000106721476,0.0000133919075,8.424855e-7,0.0000013726919,0.9801094,0.0060643028,0.00006499357,0.00020567731,0.00009780453],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004680199,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004080289,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.21475075,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000040865107,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000047133685,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4638205},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2885928862","doi":"10.1016/j.compchemeng.2018.08.012","title":"On the use of physical boundary conditions for two-phase flow simulations: Integration of control feedback","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computers & Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Shell Canada; Compute Canada","keywords":"Inlet; Mechanics; Slip (aerodynamics); Dirichlet distribution; A priori and a posteriori; Boundary value problem; Mathematics; Dirichlet boundary condition; Euler's formula; Flow (mathematics); Control theory (sociology); Physics; Engineering; Mathematical analysis; Computer science; Thermodynamics; Mechanical engineering; Control (management)","score_opus":0.013960245996985015,"score_gpt":0.2416413786488878,"score_spread":0.2276811326519028,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2885928862","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.43804932,0.000008497936,0.5614863,0.000016799622,0.00014713233,0.00014589263,0.00008418837,0.000055056847,0.000006790267],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98857737,4.4041747e-7,0.011124425,0.000031269385,0.0001690958,0.000015517206,0.000054991666,0.000025353942,0.0000015168326],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.999462,0.000004746329,0.00020895372,0.00010185127,0.00008368597,0.0001387403],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99888813,0.00078964303,0.000028566976,0.00016944387,0.00008653064,0.00003767777],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000038173603,0.00012337764,0.00018487965,0.000057993002,0.00003070904,0.000022238328,0.00010218354,0.000038184982,0.0000045951174],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000107650856,0.00010544602,0.00009867019,0.000114199516,0.000063857115,0.00008557706,0.000014948847,0.00010088563,0.0000013280685],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009564504,0.00002681838,3.8166277e-7,0.000023627506,0.000032007596,9.6432906e-8,0.000081429986,0.5614029,0.43301475,0.0044124085,0.00022731077,0.00076866674],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00078509614,0.00006491486,0.0000064195624,0.00010662834,0.000020130788,6.157852e-7,0.0000019438562,0.9091608,0.089370206,0.00023152735,0.00016057015,0.00009114535],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000016186622,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.3735583e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.55052805,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003945913,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008187897,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4299964},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2886314268","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23326","title":"CFD simulation of annular oil flow wrapped with water","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Mechanics; Turbulence; Computational fluid dynamics; Piping; Pressure drop; Multiphase flow; Isothermal flow; Turbulence modeling; Materials science; Geology; Physics; Thermodynamics; Open-channel flow","score_opus":0.0035355739430665257,"score_gpt":0.155846434749352,"score_spread":0.15231086080628548,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2886314268","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9853933,0.00015076785,0.013902186,0.000070538335,0.0001999506,0.000018909253,0.0000033732204,0.000015990245,0.00024502035],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985511,0.0000011129943,0.0011774561,0.000012944096,0.00021604939,4.487723e-7,0.0000014668609,0.000027087903,0.000012391909],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99942,0.0000032326222,0.00020483095,0.000041842704,0.00010760679,0.00022252242],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995562,0.000024193678,0.000022804563,0.00010740028,0.00011558356,0.00017384846],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013514758,0.00009425947,0.00013941187,0.00009787094,0.000026557771,0.00002022263,0.00015057465,0.00005074152,0.000027562211],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002469666,0.00005983926,0.000043790158,0.000093063456,0.000046050543,0.00007435851,0.000005402664,0.00017605443,0.0000025334962],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000473668,9.360185e-7,0.0000173856,0.000026376272,0.00003176745,0.000007862991,0.00033469696,0.8460571,0.15288848,0.000036820384,0.000025889301,0.0005679124],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00016664024,0.000023193232,0.000018605731,0.000069820715,0.00001782394,0.000032589945,0.0000043054097,0.8419609,0.15666504,0.000020622681,0.00093586976,0.00008455866],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010399558,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00012145292,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.013157778,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008466777,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005032542,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.24401742},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2890055560","doi":"10.1007/s00249-018-1333-z","title":"Analytical ultracentrifugation (AUC): a seminal tool offering multiple solutions","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"European Biophysics Journal","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Lethbridge","funders":"British Biophysical Society; University of Canterbury","keywords":"Analytical Ultracentrifugation; Chromatography; Ultracentrifuge; Chemistry; Biochemical engineering; Engineering","score_opus":0.013193681216651825,"score_gpt":0.1970492323630879,"score_spread":0.1838555511464361,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2890055560","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8536237,0.00006952157,0.13557746,0.00004251222,0.000880467,0.000058090238,0.000011168038,0.00016268811,0.009574397],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9957967,0.00006228797,0.002065058,0.00003272863,0.00185589,5.098609e-7,0.0000075894172,0.000051036895,0.00012824441],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990047,0.000047143694,0.00027648217,0.00012626608,0.00017755461,0.00036782832],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99954116,0.000029292281,0.000044910983,0.00015582713,0.000104040795,0.00012476623],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002969635,0.00014812568,0.00011804944,0.000087130196,0.00031039907,0.00016515242,0.00016641109,0.000027044818,0.000040511582],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004675226,0.00014711189,0.00010168284,0.00019749915,0.000067280984,0.0002228591,0.000042939337,0.00033350196,0.0003260238],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006314774,0.00022442223,0.0032096277,0.000074832395,0.0003760698,0.00033387,0.0019883483,0.033245884,0.8296564,0.010303672,0.013069923,0.10745379],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005466732,0.00008481264,0.0089556,0.00009232569,0.000042588068,0.00020644563,0.000054291602,0.9781377,0.003740979,0.0001931755,0.007608708,0.00033672192],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000012514773,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000013193761,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9448918,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000091654154,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001734868,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5999049},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2891250305","doi":"10.1016/j.ces.2018.08.052","title":"A comprehensive CFD study on the effect of dense vertical internals on the hydrodynamics and population balance model in bubble columns","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Science","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Bubble; Computational fluid dynamics; Mechanics; Balance (ability); Population; Materials science; Physics; Medicine","score_opus":0.0076866039166003245,"score_gpt":0.2241884731196119,"score_spread":0.21650186920301157,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2891250305","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9971654,0.000016321252,0.0023662117,0.000031524585,0.00008960084,0.00021550035,0.0000016928414,0.00003716735,0.000076604156],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999839,0.0000019773613,0.00009486361,0.000018127676,0.000016714928,0.000015256008,3.1563087e-7,0.000011657108,0.0000020864131],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992616,0.00000980177,0.00014966671,0.00017042938,0.00020707703,0.00020143455],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993879,0.0003220818,0.00001056093,0.00021332272,0.000024144367,0.000041995067],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00030608446,0.00011310879,0.0001396316,0.000058559024,0.00004109241,0.00003086202,0.00024173406,0.000030125471,9.3479036e-7],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00025141382,0.000072824194,0.000020028367,0.00028742297,0.00014430258,0.000049038958,0.00006533394,0.0001843431,0.0000017995828],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015752237,0.000016780106,0.002143256,0.000022609835,0.0000061475885,0.000001180129,0.00028750594,0.5531524,0.44318447,0.0010826342,0.000006329634,0.000080913516],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00015109431,0.00011102613,0.007881896,0.000095415424,0.0000035536798,0.0000015501104,0.000013162112,0.95617354,0.035459086,0.00003416115,6.1319105e-7,0.00007492681],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000015549014,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002157,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4077254,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000084482796,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000057248603,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.29696843},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2894889975","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23351","title":"Mixing in a soft‐elastic reactor (SER): A simulation study","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Mixing (physics); Work (physics); Fluent; Mechanics; Computer science; Mechanical engineering; Flow (mathematics); Movement (music); Computational fluid dynamics; Tracking (education); Motion (physics); Phase (matter); Materials science; Simulation; Engineering; Physics; Acoustics; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.00726394034759457,"score_gpt":0.1948151769742275,"score_spread":0.18755123662663295,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2894889975","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9900233,0.00018178104,0.009212781,0.000034714398,0.0003679446,0.00007720338,0.0000010879554,0.000021563268,0.000079610065],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993942,5.130952e-7,0.00026645462,0.0000123368445,0.00029254775,0.0000010610725,4.0180856e-7,0.000029427629,0.0000031005604],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99928993,0.000006732575,0.00026454317,0.000060946135,0.000111420835,0.00026643847],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995032,0.00009780785,0.000029648778,0.000109145636,0.000059189922,0.00020099375],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025442545,0.00010757947,0.00015386568,0.00015246682,0.00003073262,0.0000476043,0.00019442264,0.000052071173,0.000023880006],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018043356,0.00009441497,0.000042486845,0.00018767487,0.000025223406,0.00009056494,0.0000085907295,0.0003256948,0.000006954231],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000048452443,0.0000070819506,0.0005171953,0.000014502769,0.000032675714,0.00004589543,0.0020920213,0.9570185,0.039430954,0.00002905192,0.000034312234,0.0007729883],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00030446777,0.000035961682,0.0009145615,0.00009548496,0.0000139456,0.000029100533,0.000042642918,0.99679816,0.0013604558,0.000053531523,0.000231361,0.00012031721],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005704027,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0024354097,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.039779693,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024299679,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000083589766,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.38501307},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2896306517","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23360","title":"CFD modelling of conjugate heat transfer in a pilot‐scale unbaffled stirred tank reactor with a plain jacket","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council; Research Councils UK","keywords":"Heat transfer; Impeller; Mechanics; Heat transfer coefficient; Materials science; Flow (mathematics); Computational fluid dynamics; Convective heat transfer; Heat exchanger; Thermodynamics; Physics","score_opus":0.009987445671758964,"score_gpt":0.16354391239903068,"score_spread":0.15355646672727172,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2896306517","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9715426,0.00024653188,0.027682347,0.00010752453,0.00013863223,0.00008593531,0.000014170103,0.000017856906,0.00016443297],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99850345,0.0000073820843,0.0012875439,0.000016610456,0.00012803583,0.000002260641,0.0000017210684,0.000048318776,0.0000046822515],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99899983,0.0000087353,0.00039339246,0.00008522065,0.00014829685,0.00036450615],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993982,0.00006286553,0.000016119786,0.00014349134,0.00008755768,0.00029179297],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024623147,0.00016907943,0.0003069739,0.00019614815,0.000022107124,0.000027232589,0.00023514361,0.00006972873,0.000016648522],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000021605132,0.00013301437,0.00005795189,0.00024955734,0.00007994911,0.00009972463,0.0000052129867,0.00039827,0.0000010893912],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000054235,0.0000065873746,0.000059219557,0.000056138415,0.000056370056,0.000032986452,0.0009257619,0.63801676,0.36052537,0.00016600321,0.000032662352,0.00006790338],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00072886056,0.00010425949,0.000023767525,0.0003848238,0.00002608071,0.000088837296,0.00002169942,0.87327665,0.12496853,0.000039136226,0.00015689063,0.00018045434],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014360124,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0036362873,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.23555683,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021339327,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015388368,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5424169},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2896354774","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23355","title":"A CFD based empirical model for assessing gas holdup in bubble columns","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Hydro One (Canada); University of Windsor","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ontario Centres of Excellence","keywords":"Bubble; Mechanics; Computational fluid dynamics; Coalescence (physics); Reynolds number; Work (physics); Breakup; Flow (mathematics); Range (aeronautics); Materials science; Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Physics; Turbulence","score_opus":0.018248075031679335,"score_gpt":0.23036744346719404,"score_spread":0.2121193684355147,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2896354774","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8482337,0.00016082039,0.150635,0.0003598851,0.00029285252,0.00008942264,0.000007783296,0.000025445035,0.00019512005],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9908618,7.811428e-7,0.008731993,0.0001014574,0.00024457707,0.000005265358,0.0000013277689,0.000043373257,0.000009469226],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991087,0.0000048597753,0.00030133614,0.00007621668,0.00010701457,0.0004019288],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993673,0.0000942805,0.00003159539,0.0001208885,0.00008762393,0.0002983263],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00033105622,0.00012737821,0.00019795695,0.00017717353,0.00004948265,0.000091121416,0.00024233326,0.000093793955,0.000008663158],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014880208,0.00011488807,0.00008763383,0.0001903455,0.00004469744,0.0001129059,0.0000072174657,0.00032297583,0.000001198193],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000049237024,0.000003903824,0.00012667493,0.000038627106,0.000016970893,0.000012926412,0.00025749247,0.93854994,0.059691153,0.00017982161,0.00073997583,0.0003775779],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00036556966,0.000012541338,0.000050735256,0.000116056515,0.000012798919,0.000025448977,0.0000060429297,0.9909151,0.0076802745,0.00018880486,0.00049228646,0.00013433548],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00016042286,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009594,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.14262809,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00038242457,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00035284596,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.46849993},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2896911584","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23361","title":"A study on liquid‐liquid dispersions in a continuous mixer via computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation combined with population balance model (PBM)","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Impeller; Computational fluid dynamics; Mixing (physics); Mechanics; Particle image velocimetry; Materials science; Population; Flow (mathematics); Turbulence; Mechanical engineering; Simulation; Engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.006173744520469057,"score_gpt":0.19787836187232746,"score_spread":0.1917046173518584,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2896911584","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9375419,0.000021772286,0.061958317,0.00009355402,0.00013818791,0.0001629953,0.000008763544,0.000026324564,0.000048172275],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99907047,3.248547e-7,0.0007430264,0.000032117205,0.00009122031,0.000003968523,0.000013452052,0.000041516098,0.000003922172],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990689,0.000012135911,0.0003428858,0.000103030594,0.00020215817,0.00027089895],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994162,0.00008447703,0.000053379765,0.0001286457,0.000116750016,0.00020056347],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001850441,0.00016818712,0.00022891685,0.00021190269,0.00006311031,0.000038556493,0.0001763744,0.000067529356,0.0000044584926],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005047194,0.00013859004,0.00004661052,0.00023629934,0.0000333133,0.0001127694,0.000009661076,0.00031839893,0.0000018014215],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000116250005,0.000018539578,0.000378326,0.00000805695,0.000034305835,0.000018432,0.00058561144,0.9943941,0.0040319934,0.000363793,0.0000074829622,0.000043084936],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006952094,0.00039103525,0.00074180204,0.00011374328,0.000019721967,0.00002204707,0.00003588693,0.99741846,0.00034218203,0.000055827026,0.0000025783947,0.00016148477],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00033916667,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0016783738,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.06152854,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005485767,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007738236,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5651538},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2897360799","doi":"10.1063/1.5046649","title":"The passage of bubbles rising through a confining rectangular geometry","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physics of Fluids","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"RGL Reservoir Management; Canadian Network for Research and Innovation in Machining Technology, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Foundation for Innovation","keywords":"Bubble; Physics; Terminal velocity; Buoyancy; Mechanics; Drag; Geometry; Particle image velocimetry; Flow velocity; Flow (mathematics); Classical mechanics","score_opus":0.010583427812712501,"score_gpt":0.2277109272511861,"score_spread":0.2171274994384736,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2897360799","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8602133,0.0020664793,0.11732128,0.0000287821,0.0005127627,0.00009730701,0.000019828512,0.000097205375,0.019643093],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99594754,0.00018014971,0.0035980847,0.000010293663,0.00019989478,0.000002767488,0.0000031199233,0.000030115998,0.000028007777],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992957,0.000013106856,0.00023792843,0.000097153534,0.00015643737,0.00019967336],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994211,0.0001302049,0.000043367076,0.00028615072,0.0000985693,0.000020609354],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017864027,0.00010953281,0.00018545166,0.000023009025,0.00008826751,0.000018290311,0.00018549111,0.00004149156,0.000006411063],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000036005706,0.000091596965,0.00007750776,0.0002446956,0.00015466049,0.00010076476,0.000047221893,0.000091097376,0.000005114795],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013574333,0.000030576004,0.00048472115,0.00015315114,0.00020471406,0.0000014154655,0.0023914129,0.0017962299,0.8448582,0.12159208,0.0008923145,0.02758155],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005492967,0.00018378721,0.0006937668,0.00032588703,0.00007921265,0.0000030397428,0.00056131,0.26392514,0.6797045,0.046132296,0.0074161245,0.00042562475],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004726547,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000052228606,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.26212892,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000018461407,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014262674,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.37352157},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2901536743","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23385","title":"Nusselt number correlation for a jacketed stirred tank using computational fluid dynamics","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico","keywords":"Impeller; Nusselt number; Computational fluid dynamics; Heat transfer; Mechanics; Heat transfer coefficient; Materials science; Fluid dynamics; Thermodynamics; Reynolds number; Physics; Turbulence","score_opus":0.007954769028919192,"score_gpt":0.20075916258458662,"score_spread":0.19280439355566742,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2901536743","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5894443,0.00007733688,0.4093383,0.000107259075,0.0007837104,0.00008877613,0.000026243746,0.000028688653,0.00010542306],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9837348,5.533513e-7,0.015762236,0.000026403543,0.00040470203,0.0000016628943,0.000015182645,0.000043925687,0.000010571133],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992197,0.00000485331,0.00030830305,0.00006622075,0.00012141332,0.0002794947],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993158,0.00010224163,0.00005145953,0.000085475236,0.00021591349,0.00022913361],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018457108,0.00013007714,0.00016076594,0.00009878527,0.00008498608,0.0000617416,0.00017421147,0.00008824039,0.00002309594],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000113008944,0.000119384145,0.000085621294,0.00017411087,0.00005089734,0.000107036176,0.0000067943674,0.00021310273,0.0000039526753],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006651118,0.000002009041,0.000064548585,0.000024556854,0.000060717597,0.000004593097,0.00017641851,0.9794081,0.017693194,0.0017448645,0.00040227216,0.0004120826],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002764673,0.000012256715,0.000051176827,0.000071261915,0.0000322849,0.0001596595,0.000009254613,0.9967107,0.0017013309,0.0005062929,0.00033283798,0.00013646929],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00016580435,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00023562633,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3942905,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00053175096,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00017521778,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4868344},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2901681331","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23335","title":"Hydrodynamic characteristics of an activated sludge bubble column through computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and response surface methodology (RSM)","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Sparging; Computational fluid dynamics; Bubble; Mechanics; Aeration; Mixing (physics); TRACER; Fractional factorial design; Environmental science; Eulerian path; Materials science; Factorial experiment; Chemistry; Chromatography; Waste management; Physics; Mathematics; Engineering","score_opus":0.014349793288522943,"score_gpt":0.2248225431034565,"score_spread":0.21047274981493355,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2901681331","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9813835,0.000119929435,0.017846871,0.00012285009,0.000347214,0.00006481162,0.00005306478,0.000024944547,0.0000368394],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9837439,0.0000055870028,0.016047446,0.000029451572,0.00010569406,6.45572e-7,0.000013798506,0.00004536193,0.000008135795],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989729,0.000057491663,0.0004257442,0.00010248619,0.00013363519,0.00030774472],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99893606,0.00036925505,0.00009509875,0.00015665941,0.00017848589,0.00026443912],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006552835,0.00016847975,0.00033559618,0.00010627337,0.000064631946,0.00003833199,0.00025402138,0.00013148734,0.000014043152],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002701076,0.0001592133,0.00005536165,0.00019719577,0.0001674857,0.00015135927,0.000020556305,0.00035107817,9.852395e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000089048866,0.0000063197267,0.000055753862,0.00004778947,0.00010334235,0.00002396347,0.0008709263,0.22770464,0.7697068,0.00089779566,0.00003389764,0.00045971712],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000307492,0.00008829435,0.0007433118,0.000066986264,0.000033400465,0.00026113552,0.000032864675,0.95450693,0.043304972,0.00037698713,0.00010021748,0.00017742108],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00050142215,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00037797444,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7268023,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00032705924,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00021215073,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.649253},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2901763595","doi":"10.25071/10315/35319","title":"An Experimental And Theoretical Investigation Into Airflow Through Air Box Of A Potato-Rock Separator","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Progress in Canadian Mechanical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"","keywords":"Airflow; Separator (oil production); Petroleum engineering; Environmental science; Computer science; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Physics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.004662229776620088,"score_gpt":0.23141199678058982,"score_spread":0.22674976700396973,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2901763595","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99052054,0.0008852675,0.007897261,0.00006722024,0.00025486658,0.00017513728,0.00000993433,0.0001175222,0.00007222909],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98426694,0.000008493921,0.0154842455,0.000060312144,0.00008450559,0.00003924341,0.000008286813,0.000047314647,6.316248e-7],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99899817,0.00001430664,0.0002489092,0.00021464961,0.00011713366,0.00040685048],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993605,0.000021471693,0.0000141235605,0.0001772037,0.00002860454,0.00039810594],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015740872,0.00017194333,0.0001946163,0.00014338021,0.00003714612,0.000024912142,0.00014186736,0.00013499398,0.00002127854],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000028032011,0.0001924007,0.000025548383,0.00020623395,0.0000852403,0.00018102177,0.000026749593,0.00016505245,0.0000029366618],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000020313359,0.000045358527,0.0024647193,0.00028964982,0.000054916567,0.000054298176,0.0046027945,0.019288912,0.095998436,0.873736,0.000042873722,0.0034016822],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00021832334,0.00012505584,0.000260575,0.00009077962,0.000005323543,0.000009581901,0.000071943265,0.92638844,0.07075529,0.0016922894,0.00016229555,0.00022009987],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0025470515,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0069018123,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.90709955,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019300923,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006201215,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.78458726},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2903118708","doi":"10.1016/j.nucengdes.2018.11.016","title":"Assessment of CFD for unheated gas-liquid flows with high void fraction","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nuclear Engineering and Design","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Canadian Nuclear Laboratories","funders":"Atomic Energy of Canada Limited","keywords":"Computational fluid dynamics; Mechanics; Turbulence; Coalescence (physics); Bubble; Porosity; Multiphase flow; Materials science; Plenum space; Void (composites); Two-phase flow; Engineering; Flow (mathematics); Mechanical engineering; Geotechnical engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.006891409900837529,"score_gpt":0.19684896653564848,"score_spread":0.18995755663481095,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2903118708","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.44348192,0.000033231012,0.5558572,0.000007596774,0.0001288562,0.00012813324,0.000004288182,0.00018461287,0.00017419887],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.89672536,0.000024587345,0.103086166,0.000007232548,0.00007872806,0.0000102670365,0.0000036701451,0.00005624609,0.000007754696],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995141,0.0000050582644,0.00012298151,0.000118190925,0.00007376833,0.0001659037],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997271,0.000042525848,0.000015668125,0.00011406806,0.0000493305,0.00005131194],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001174377,0.00011857589,0.00014991658,0.00007762549,0.00004097919,0.000020466849,0.000044398363,0.00006140911,0.000013000332],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000008687378,0.00011150334,0.00002084755,0.00008692137,0.000013886139,0.000072855844,0.000007963749,0.00007642388,0.0000022421386],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000821717,0.000019728062,0.000016404856,0.00019373074,0.00009683999,0.0000020611753,0.000110527544,0.5193754,0.4746649,0.003216496,0.0003119132,0.0019098638],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003600227,0.00054518104,0.00044038624,0.00006182053,0.00002129777,0.0000056600034,0.000016914668,0.98910636,0.0075840056,0.0000202865,0.0016944238,0.00014366746],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000014641079,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000017384667,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.46973097,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000037417853,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008315633,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4546974},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2903548012","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23412","title":"Numerical simulation of bubbling fluidization using a local bubble‐structure‐dependent drag model","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Drag; Fluidization; Mechanics; Drag coefficient; Bubble; Two-fluid model; Flow (mathematics); Interphase; Local Bubble; Thermodynamics; Physics; Materials science; Fluidized bed","score_opus":0.008508258030235017,"score_gpt":0.1974669136915426,"score_spread":0.18895865566130757,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2903548012","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.45918164,0.00014067919,0.5403788,0.00001284574,0.00020998603,0.000032470398,0.0000044178028,0.000012719455,0.000026460608],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99563396,0.0000012403219,0.0040323874,0.000014892749,0.0002741839,2.8570963e-7,0.000001949204,0.000039478153,0.000001627483],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99905074,0.0000069005123,0.0004052701,0.0000734099,0.00019671417,0.00026697616],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993302,0.00004626116,0.000071207076,0.00012589511,0.0001921507,0.00023428148],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016626446,0.00013816687,0.00020653813,0.00017584735,0.00005201199,0.000032834156,0.00020573325,0.0001045091,0.000015247694],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009605625,0.00012096307,0.00007083075,0.00023104486,0.00005930377,0.000129772,0.000010364236,0.00027383925,6.494308e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000033947101,0.0000011211362,0.000010173746,0.00002319252,0.000023617442,0.0000027700783,0.00019745032,0.76478094,0.23444955,0.00016892618,0.0000061412798,0.0003327116],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00014238305,0.000011570621,0.0000050787053,0.00007534926,0.000025468245,0.000045260014,0.0000055434575,0.8757442,0.12363873,0.00018034926,0.000018392251,0.00010763803],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00025496178,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000059656257,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5364523,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00034178168,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018926014,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.49327308},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2904610976","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23433","title":"Vortex shape and gas‐liquid hydrodynamics in unbaffled stirred tank","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Impeller; Vortex; Mechanics; Bubble; Baffle; Materials science; Vortex ring; Physics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.0036759163937095537,"score_gpt":0.16415553750973802,"score_spread":0.16047962111602845,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2904610976","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99791205,0.0005950711,0.0005859319,0.0002614684,0.00033711968,0.000047971815,0.0000041533635,0.00002116603,0.00023507811],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992238,0.000016387463,0.0004632309,0.000028815066,0.00022206116,0.0000010952607,0.0000010204991,0.000035867277,0.000007677026],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991821,0.0000056443023,0.00029623875,0.000075665754,0.00009911246,0.0003412574],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994374,0.000048961447,0.00003026125,0.00011694812,0.000049961876,0.00031645317],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023463379,0.00013939865,0.00019522339,0.00018413871,0.000033579712,0.000046099613,0.00021532165,0.00008524048,0.00002172383],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009697859,0.0001216312,0.00004318828,0.0002024404,0.00006977512,0.00008796416,0.000014336386,0.00038361826,0.0000024040162],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000042941734,0.000009849376,0.0002854298,0.00012478253,0.0001580456,0.00025084603,0.0017550236,0.24268824,0.74755526,0.0029081344,0.00035851696,0.0038629558],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00028438552,0.000035720404,0.00013355058,0.00010933872,0.000014198514,0.00015912089,0.000010444227,0.99120706,0.0071495976,0.00017903118,0.0005543106,0.0001632249],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00028874786,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0017818358,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7485188,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002337881,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000095114956,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.49599767},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2904925901","doi":"10.1016/j.ces.2018.11.061","title":"Modelling bubble induced turbulence for gas-liquid bubbly flow in a vertical pipe","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Science","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Turbulence; K-omega turbulence model; K-epsilon turbulence model; Turbulence kinetic energy; Mechanics; Turbulence modeling; Dissipation; Reynolds number; Reynolds stress equation model; Physics; Bubble; Thermodynamics; Reynolds decomposition","score_opus":0.011199606137262957,"score_gpt":0.21052666347676313,"score_spread":0.19932705733950018,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2904925901","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.67367005,0.000044574015,0.3254505,0.000020355994,0.0003445345,0.000105049345,0.0000021346348,0.00018507351,0.00017769604],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9597565,0.0000060892307,0.039981987,0.000023087416,0.00015657047,0.000036192352,0.0000018449924,0.000034223613,0.0000034932318],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984536,0.0000016153989,0.00024987667,0.0003633616,0.00023733953,0.0006941708],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993987,0.00006906452,0.0000075966755,0.00025005106,0.000083982595,0.00019060764],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00031156023,0.00018640158,0.00018537907,0.00016772129,0.00005598714,0.000061156126,0.0004417409,0.000098608274,0.0000051971842],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002164561,0.00019907777,0.000045641304,0.000699951,0.00013425852,0.00025464207,0.000074761156,0.00021900632,0.0000125066335],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000067514798,0.0000069042558,0.0000015613311,0.000030565443,0.0000015301614,0.0000010805138,0.00010040262,0.39327222,0.6059393,0.00039402558,0.0000074916647,0.00023811642],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00013465785,0.000027918784,0.0000019260924,0.00005871156,0.0000020080122,0.0000033370131,0.0000030521207,0.6082189,0.39127177,0.00007085742,0.00005082111,0.00015600282],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000709657,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.8235065e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.28608644,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020972136,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005448092,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8118156},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2909106666","doi":"10.1515/revce-2018-0017","title":"Critical review of different aspects of liquid-solid mixing operations","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Reviews in Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":41,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Slurry; Suspension (topology); Mixing (physics); Process engineering; Materials science; Dissolution; Dispersion (optics); Homogeneity (statistics); Unit operation; Agitator; Residence time distribution; Computational fluid dynamics; Mechanical engineering; Chemical engineering; Impeller; Mechanics; Computer science; Engineering; Chemistry; Mineralogy; Composite material; Mathematics","score_opus":0.011461882250176032,"score_gpt":0.2567936884588971,"score_spread":0.24533180620872108,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2909106666","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.54767483,0.4288894,0.016258413,0.00009527819,0.00080877973,0.0012331154,0.000017346258,0.00017601803,0.004846811],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.93057734,0.06470149,0.004561987,0.000027234106,0.000041691812,0.000037155925,0.00000976046,0.000038410395,0.0000049492673],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987464,0.000012464309,0.00074959674,0.00014800877,0.00012581515,0.00021773054],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994859,0.00011624796,0.000023681056,0.00027545803,0.000037253492,0.00006145632],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022015162,0.00017478147,0.00072337926,0.000075628275,0.0000041004355,0.000004739856,0.00016187043,0.000068707464,0.000075810836],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004662898,0.0001622392,0.00014499435,0.00022768263,0.000013796648,0.00007528504,0.000047544232,0.00021824866,0.000010894762],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000014351518,0.00003527592,0.00002357925,0.042264853,0.000015778329,0.0000016251913,0.000035332047,0.020744454,0.9247722,0.010941098,0.000026269303,0.0011380791],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00030529825,0.000054457523,0.000050342718,0.076996885,0.00005427339,0.000013868416,0.0000036744477,0.6000396,0.3194754,0.000053584474,0.0024360516,0.0005165392],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000020441958,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.362883e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6052968,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000718759,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000092154605,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6615923},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2909427142","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.8b05673","title":"Bubble Behavior in Marine Applications of Bubble Columns: Case of Ellipsoidal Bubbles in Slanted and Rolling Columns","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Bubble; Ellipsoid; Materials science; Mechanics; Physics","score_opus":0.026670480279532137,"score_gpt":0.2814629192506097,"score_spread":0.25479243897107756,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2909427142","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9984122,0.00020922438,0.000041057712,0.000006548179,0.000058638965,0.0006277963,0.00005153399,0.000045029923,0.0005479724],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99923027,0.00007980714,0.00016727202,2.7465427e-7,0.00007466583,0.0001662465,0.000028163007,0.000043831013,0.00020950375],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984978,0.000017925524,0.0005227804,0.0002566775,0.00025211077,0.00045272312],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99921113,0.00023991389,0.000037417747,0.00030872654,0.00010080427,0.00010202349],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00072098005,0.0001640636,0.00037101156,0.00028775842,0.000022545193,0.000028327073,0.00020419537,0.0002953485,0.000060491533],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000102560625,0.0002101972,0.000040527568,0.00089679135,0.000054229746,0.00007740111,0.00014391438,0.0008263536,0.0000022573338],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000027883161,0.00007702698,0.023833634,0.0005234316,0.000020729132,0.00009221303,0.00009005932,0.16162026,0.8124359,0.000039777588,0.000017390534,0.001221674],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0033321704,0.000091844064,0.0013444065,0.00052090094,0.000020710682,0.00017847106,0.00055709924,0.58189946,0.41094613,0.000028351757,0.0006024761,0.0004780111],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013819026,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00016354109,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.42027918,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017345388,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008778108,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8571593},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2910593666","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23460","title":"Experimental investigation of coalescence behaviour of bubble pairs forming at capillary orifices submerged in bacterial suspension","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","keywords":"Bubble; Capillary action; Aeration; Materials science; Coalescence (physics); Body orifice; Capillary number; Mechanics; Suspension (topology); Bioreactor; Volumetric flow rate; Chemistry; Composite material; Physics; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Mathematics","score_opus":0.006279115951019755,"score_gpt":0.1687472039177855,"score_spread":0.16246808796676573,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2910593666","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.998969,0.0004644178,0.00002607934,0.000014261451,0.0004182037,0.00007252331,0.0000039213865,0.000006149651,0.000025429801],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996373,0.0000051146494,0.00028025347,0.000002816798,0.000044466527,9.0970417e-7,0.0000044206254,0.000020663841,0.0000040728523],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992194,0.000007742931,0.0003881598,0.00005779959,0.0001306495,0.00019623863],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999594,0.000031106963,0.00008501814,0.00009914158,0.000045115874,0.00014564766],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021756637,0.00010234057,0.00021762705,0.00014017166,0.000014061481,0.0000090069025,0.0001624525,0.00007050087,0.000028648532],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000028007511,0.000092263515,0.000058486385,0.00012762952,0.0000331248,0.00011757681,0.000015323603,0.00018109131,7.6434185e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008731529,0.0000020475838,0.0059373043,0.00005573176,0.000009541057,0.000006351523,0.00055671117,0.037980046,0.95534545,0.000064380394,0.000016716556,0.000017001044],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002917832,0.000023530873,0.0020301214,0.00024262603,0.0000085351085,0.000033135828,0.00006474295,0.041808262,0.9553797,0.0000070395613,0.000013079338,0.00009742429],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010729491,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000493441,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.003907183,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00030471495,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009697575,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.37623972},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2911005180","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23456","title":"Experimental study of hydrodynamics and bubble size distribution of an external loop airlift reactor","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Mechanics; Particle image velocimetry; Wake; Digital image analysis; Physics; Velocimetry; Airlift; Work (physics); Oscillation (cell signaling); Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Turbulence","score_opus":0.003369099237371063,"score_gpt":0.17702112487852667,"score_spread":0.17365202564115562,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2911005180","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99907446,0.00033097132,0.000275591,0.000006480484,0.00018682929,0.00008293001,0.000013309355,0.0000075725175,0.000021852617],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997498,0.0000019056771,0.00016845131,0.000001999549,0.000050156854,7.768613e-7,0.000002157484,0.000020889916,0.000003858057],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993229,0.0000069491034,0.0003079243,0.000061171806,0.00013420497,0.00016687914],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995071,0.000049672395,0.000065025626,0.0001330842,0.000045596247,0.0001994929],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001565161,0.00010617399,0.00021672048,0.00004177319,0.000012555633,0.000016788112,0.00017176883,0.000049630882,0.000010145898],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000036874462,0.00009167498,0.000042802167,0.00008056524,0.000024497895,0.00010944809,0.000013265616,0.00020751967,2.778881e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010729505,0.000032301814,0.00062265067,0.000041466912,0.0000471711,0.000009445376,0.0005690539,0.12815711,0.8702202,0.00016018949,0.000004602047,0.00012512405],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010119831,0.0003381371,0.0026944785,0.00016660999,0.00004271809,0.000123922,0.0002869912,0.7484905,0.24657989,0.000025871588,0.000028269287,0.00021063956],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007027565,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00010619061,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6236403,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013497967,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000048532063,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.37383974},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2914237588","doi":"10.1115/1.4042755","title":"Parametric Study of the Frequency of Bubble Formation at a Single Orifice With Liquid Cross-Flow","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Fluids Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Body orifice; Nozzle; Mechanics; Shadowgraphy; Bubble; Liquid bubble; Breakup; Materials science; Jet (fluid); Flow (mathematics); Mass flow; Low frequency; Optics; Physics; Thermodynamics; Laser; Engineering","score_opus":0.0057251319421652205,"score_gpt":0.18608184043700052,"score_spread":0.1803567084948353,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2914237588","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98771924,0.0004481522,0.010932283,0.0000031792326,0.00049555727,0.00017487055,0.0000028254838,0.000021595457,0.00020231736],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9971768,0.00002044053,0.0026944047,0.0000017051974,0.00004243118,0.0000018369169,4.850699e-7,0.00003241102,0.000029458193],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99882144,0.000011429271,0.0005842422,0.00006752289,0.0003430858,0.00017229623],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993009,0.00006767418,0.00016485584,0.00023549414,0.00018537026,0.000045723085],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00027497066,0.00013877703,0.00029523022,0.00025050028,0.00002342295,0.000019977593,0.00023154418,0.000054132404,0.000012068441],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000051904684,0.000099010926,0.00009175317,0.0005344465,0.00001109214,0.00031903054,0.00003494452,0.0001979622,0.0000016582318],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000022652686,0.000052130523,0.0031183376,0.00016759624,0.00005177284,0.0000024397345,0.0004327516,0.6520933,0.34395826,0.00003272506,0.000008241047,0.000059811602],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0023348306,0.0023263616,0.015639976,0.0005853441,0.00011359997,0.00018364444,0.00031069163,0.8108144,0.16723363,0.000008760425,0.00011757603,0.0003312145],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009568035,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005588486,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.17672464,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016819581,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000019371764,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.40375483},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2915030936","doi":"10.5006/2864","title":"Parametric Wall Shear Stress Characterization of the Rotating Cage Test Method","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"CORROSION","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Natural Resources Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Cage; Corrosion; Materials science; Parametric statistics; Carbon steel; Shear stress; Shear (geology); Structural engineering; Composite material; Mechanics; Metallurgy; Engineering; Physics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.005173654139764588,"score_gpt":0.20384003414495355,"score_spread":0.19866638000518896,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2915030936","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9374881,0.000031052703,0.061357323,0.000009560935,0.00044354852,0.00016528969,0.000015797177,0.0000480033,0.00044132743],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978282,0.000018980583,0.0018541027,0.000015657417,0.000016627815,0.0000036402275,0.000016854407,0.000019509805,0.00022641444],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995583,0.000017020377,0.00013869416,0.00008680373,0.00009672014,0.00010244119],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996387,0.000095521274,0.000039415667,0.00018260824,0.000025672,0.000018090974],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000104951156,0.000068229376,0.00009504312,0.000051757608,0.00002868565,0.000014622117,0.00010248812,0.00004388067,0.00002056397],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005298209,0.000052610543,0.00003510985,0.00026298108,0.0000049739397,0.00006102269,0.00003624751,0.00008755762,0.000014629332],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[9.08656e-7,0.000009033006,0.025317192,0.000072715804,5.883401e-7,1.5538897e-7,0.000119419,0.015314348,0.95495504,0.00008466467,0.0000057299053,0.0041201874],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000101966616,0.000016951037,0.05300405,0.0001056394,0.00000573285,8.7727483e-7,0.000009909462,0.8597492,0.086830765,0.000012211127,0.00009405237,0.00006862439],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000013074709,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000021954077,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8681243,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000022126902,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005725622,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.21453957},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2917377988","doi":"10.1051/e3sconf/20198507010","title":"Experimental setup to study two phase flows for environmental applications","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"E3S Web of Conferences","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Unitatea Executiva pentru Finantarea Invatamantului Superior, a Cercetarii, Dezvoltarii si Inovarii","keywords":"Cavitation; Aeration; Void (composites); Mechanics; Porosity; Environmental science; Vapours; Flow (mathematics); Two-phase flow; Materials science; Engineering; Physics; Geotechnical engineering; Waste management; Composite material","score_opus":0.01146614558178591,"score_gpt":0.27044981935740825,"score_spread":0.2589836737756223,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2917377988","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9876024,0.00012087157,0.0062744003,0.000007433552,0.00013395672,0.0009569357,0.00007083417,0.000039101833,0.0047940407],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99842924,0.0000034928646,0.0010955232,0.000009054809,0.000032702752,0.00026629723,0.00002252495,0.0000118483285,0.00012933294],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99953634,0.0000048493253,0.0001429883,0.00012284184,0.00008335604,0.00010963374],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997708,0.000025189618,0.000015460011,0.00013905903,0.0000057990223,0.000043654705],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000051216317,0.00008624954,0.00012570994,0.00004420229,0.000025685718,0.00001557382,0.00012379473,0.00001658757,0.0002849429],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000010043574,0.000085594205,0.000032520555,0.00003454331,0.000009674821,0.000043323013,0.000024662902,0.000029604933,0.000045172423],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000025951045,0.0006153135,0.004215243,0.000023239987,0.00009102886,4.2732617e-7,0.0010490395,0.0037279972,0.96648633,0.0040088273,0.0001274126,0.019629164],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00851343,0.0020231332,0.0023302769,0.000037204223,0.000064883905,0.0000024850478,0.010338611,0.6548425,0.26274422,0.00023522064,0.05807075,0.0007972663],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000074300597,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000106805555,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.70374215,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001690358,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002353644,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.34904304},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2931015251","doi":"10.1088/1755-1315/240/6/062051","title":"Characterization of bubble cloud quality and evolution using optical probes","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Hydro-Québec; Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Bubble; Mechanics; Hydroelectricity; Cloud computing; Work (physics); Mixing (physics); Flow (mathematics); Environmental science; Characterization (materials science); Meteorology; Physics; Computer science; Thermodynamics; Engineering; Optics","score_opus":0.011148070445881278,"score_gpt":0.1983148747922322,"score_spread":0.1871668043463509,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2931015251","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9977765,0.000039334678,0.0016330827,0.000009053885,0.000099614386,0.000092920505,0.000012774282,0.000014400004,0.0003222867],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99913085,0.00011456251,0.0006913073,0.0000046041155,0.000008881227,9.715899e-7,0.0000055826254,0.0000037246612,0.000039535273],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99947244,0.0000059879385,0.00011350793,0.00014105665,0.00012429515,0.00014268736],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99983054,0.0000047586327,0.000021723718,0.00007767521,0.000005285262,0.000059996415],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012560464,0.0000681051,0.000090155656,0.000029225344,0.000064525324,0.00003839599,0.00005075528,0.000026759524,0.000024356106],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000004369379,0.000066111505,0.0000076285346,0.000061909,0.00035029053,0.00043912767,0.000055819342,0.000040691626,0.0000024329665],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000042448123,0.0000046045957,0.0077320416,0.000026609358,0.0000012097938,1.178976e-7,0.00013318361,0.0002795822,0.98700225,0.0035110814,2.4886111e-8,0.0013050365],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00012791443,0.0000624113,0.58507764,0.000030434914,0.0000036748,0.000009726258,0.0002733962,0.1042084,0.30991593,0.00011761353,0.000034297416,0.00013858078],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000019972906,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000060763327,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.67708635,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001988606,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014310552,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2695949},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2934090083","doi":"10.1088/1755-1315/240/6/062050","title":"The role of added mass in the dispersion of bubble clouds","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Hydro-Québec; Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Mechanics; Added mass; Bubble; Turbulence; Dispersion (optics); Scalar (mathematics); Morison equation; Physics; Flow (mathematics); Classical mechanics; Mathematics; Drag; Geometry","score_opus":0.003238962189769483,"score_gpt":0.1564691512530625,"score_spread":0.153230189063293,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2934090083","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9959698,0.00032815352,0.000020770893,0.00002064304,0.000053297437,0.00008243997,0.0000072210814,0.0000036626755,0.003514025],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991005,0.00074085454,0.00007644747,0.0000048722936,0.0000030607412,0.00000181898,0.0000012841259,0.0000023925302,0.000068787675],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99950284,0.00000854656,0.00009627028,0.000086367516,0.00016083538,0.00014511994],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997951,0.000021874912,0.000018414275,0.00013819363,0.000002642998,0.000023801498],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019024724,0.00005482688,0.00006545884,0.000016952314,0.000063871164,0.00002389256,0.00020231468,0.000016320027,0.000029388535],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000003296526,0.000033627806,0.00001268185,0.00008791654,0.0004137864,0.00015070142,0.000035370136,0.000053885684,0.0000035829898],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000075109115,0.0000055772152,0.006153037,0.000007421819,0.0000013183146,2.1440528e-7,0.00079714344,0.0009773711,0.97807014,0.0041488125,7.1434647e-7,0.0098307105],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00037379263,0.00026907088,0.24284667,0.00006421126,0.000006219734,0.000009120051,0.016856154,0.16486289,0.5687305,0.0016533369,0.0040829186,0.0002451771],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000031352185,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000040732677,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.40933973,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000006913363,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008851025,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.15246132},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2937137023","doi":"10.1002/ceat.201800752","title":"Blend Time Measurement in the Confined Impeller Stirred Tank","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering & Technology","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Syncrude","keywords":"Impeller; Mixing (physics); Materials science; Reynolds number; Viscosity; Mechanics; Composite material; Physics; Turbulence","score_opus":0.0034234962787026034,"score_gpt":0.1527042535700865,"score_spread":0.14928075729138388,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2937137023","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9890942,0.0009343297,0.0047164713,0.00069751363,0.0004173655,0.00039460894,0.0000045051293,0.0011609383,0.0025800557],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999078,0.000014037311,0.0007055714,0.00002415959,0.000027873797,0.0000359353,0.0000052987125,0.000039441653,0.00006969024],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99905914,0.0000032691946,0.00021438283,0.00018895125,0.00016398287,0.00037029045],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999541,0.000032201868,0.000012676388,0.00035845386,0.000025537935,0.000030134699],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001720563,0.00018274075,0.00021787971,0.00017828446,0.000008794256,0.000014400197,0.00036365964,0.0002249566,0.00006588829],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006346164,0.00015847941,0.000044336506,0.00037783867,0.000024906747,0.000031098727,0.00005170866,0.00042205706,0.00017968469],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000022495994,0.00001349468,0.00003064673,0.000047360154,0.000023447134,0.000007870684,0.000041519543,0.02392584,0.9728534,0.0014520327,0.00057822716,0.0010239056],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00071894075,0.000029277422,0.000101507445,0.000090889196,0.000013094715,0.00003475317,0.000027989006,0.8418973,0.1404113,0.00026348425,0.016022597,0.00038882106],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002781273,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.410418e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8324421,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013899799,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010797823,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.64626026},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2938764123","doi":"10.1016/j.renene.2019.04.020","title":"Multiscale multiphase phenomena in bubble column reactors: A review","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Renewable Energy","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":131,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Total","keywords":"Microscale chemistry; Bubble; Coalescence (physics); Mesoscale meteorology; Mechanics; Swarm behaviour; Scale (ratio); Physics; Computer science; Meteorology; Mathematics; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.024934236284752942,"score_gpt":0.2648283706994163,"score_spread":0.23989413441466334,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2938764123","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[4.4092153e-7,0.9835498,0.0010081868,0.000002302684,0.0007118494,0.00050738227,0.00006876882,0.00020539887,0.013945903],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.000002428617,0.9892054,0.00047922303,0.000051674902,0.00028693318,0.00030624442,0.00046362967,0.0002326372,0.008971789],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99754107,0.000090094996,0.000957853,0.0005439968,0.00021741101,0.00064955617],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99867773,0.00014932791,0.00015413073,0.00082760764,0.0000315533,0.000159673],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002634433,0.0006451978,0.002416269,0.0003151732,0.00003099198,0.00004874437,0.00044645477,0.00038291677,0.00012793373],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004525796,0.00062504073,0.0004428722,0.00068801263,0.000019217254,0.00012689533,0.00011201713,0.000323645,0.000100707126],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000010498819,0.00006119477,6.078211e-7,0.09628731,0.00012949195,0.00004633542,0.000012586992,0.06354545,0.00001522417,0.00007161882,0.007495018,0.8323341],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00024637175,0.000015057747,6.215195e-8,0.06903129,0.0002028597,0.000015800311,0.0000017907323,0.027076375,0.0000026834223,0.000008266707,0.9027885,0.00061094906],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0047282046,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018644733,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8952935,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005480816,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015895788,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996201},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2940198668","doi":"10.1115/1.4043493","title":"Flow Regimes in Two-Phase Hexane/Water Semibatch Vertical Taylor Vortex Flow","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Fluids Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Division of Chemical, Bioengineering, Environmental, and Transport Systems; McMaster University; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Reynolds number; Mechanics; Taylor–Couette flow; Vortex; Flow (mathematics); Dispersion (optics); Phase (matter); Materials science; Context (archaeology); Taylor dispersion; Buoyancy; Turbulence; Physics; Thermodynamics; Optics; Geology; Diffusion","score_opus":0.004155109484378934,"score_gpt":0.21446547651304204,"score_spread":0.2103103670286631,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2940198668","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9376405,0.00082210504,0.059173357,0.00006166019,0.0017097015,0.00010717356,0.000003414722,0.0000881281,0.00039395952],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.989719,0.00008234028,0.009641844,0.000024576466,0.0003484113,0.0000029943824,0.000004240127,0.0000838378,0.00009277065],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99833316,0.000013892969,0.00067957863,0.00015196908,0.00029936686,0.0005220193],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994264,0.00006543621,0.000020346873,0.00023746611,0.00006639413,0.00018393896],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00041884667,0.000267521,0.00046634598,0.00037109264,0.000017242954,0.00006203638,0.00024588258,0.000100530255,0.00012315351],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004273602,0.00022739918,0.00017007289,0.00019407092,0.000010395426,0.00035186406,0.000043635682,0.000575272,0.00005920287],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000020125975,0.000028543847,0.00020830163,0.000093818126,0.00004498833,0.00013957749,0.00022437698,0.66796845,0.32944384,0.00008811331,0.00014943436,0.0015904024],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002024017,0.00010044482,0.00021954894,0.00018637991,0.000024459046,0.0001935473,0.00002457966,0.97081774,0.024562875,0.000025547388,0.0015335076,0.00028737693],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000043767086,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000026447374,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.30488098,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020303352,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000019318846,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.92730695},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2940640467","doi":"","title":"Effect of vortex ingestion on gas-liquid dynamics in unbaffled stirred tank","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Vortex; Mechanics; Continuous stirred-tank reactor; Dynamics (music); Materials science; Chemistry; Physics; Engineering; Chemical engineering","score_opus":0.0027116941948900544,"score_gpt":0.178159616316671,"score_spread":0.17544792212178092,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2940640467","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99801576,0.0001431746,0.000857647,0.00010278869,0.00044350943,0.00006821479,0.0000053466306,0.00001696666,0.00034660535],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996367,0.0000039911915,0.00014606961,0.000010052708,0.00016275297,0.0000015074274,0.0000023211649,0.000033087905,0.0000035102178],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.999184,0.00001608387,0.00032861243,0.000065030516,0.0001314317,0.00027483897],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999417,0.00014227806,0.00005136666,0.0001356689,0.0000574342,0.00019627319],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00045936325,0.00014323794,0.00024621838,0.00024333065,0.000020605828,0.000018055818,0.00022598359,0.00009466204,0.000011001837],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00024617038,0.000116698146,0.00006998322,0.00024147623,0.000050924904,0.000056382796,0.00000832652,0.00039039066,0.0000023526218],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00038785257,0.000014301453,0.00032006708,0.00034594786,0.00016336559,0.00012276886,0.0006613304,0.62814486,0.35623324,0.004498684,0.00022054177,0.008887024],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004321037,0.0003074549,0.000048929676,0.00037908417,0.00002253597,0.00004877572,0.000005512695,0.8005763,0.19790821,0.000048323334,0.000082851264,0.00013987436],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00034432168,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013390395,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.17243147,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006464012,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007393379,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.47588122},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2942247570","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2019.04.024","title":"Phase-bounded finite element method for two-fluid incompressible flow systems","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Multiphase flow; Computational fluid dynamics; Solver; Mechanics; Compressibility; Finite element method; Bounded function; Euler's formula; Backward Euler method; Applied mathematics; Nonlinear system; Fluid dynamics; Euler equations; Work (physics); Flow (mathematics); Two-phase flow; Incompressible flow; Computer science; Physics; Mathematical optimization; Mathematics; Mathematical analysis; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.01402961653161573,"score_gpt":0.30988269262211376,"score_spread":0.29585307609049805,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2942247570","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.05390752,0.00061131705,0.9373434,0.00007779873,0.0070700897,0.00030655126,0.00021070857,0.000046434616,0.00042619056],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6808462,0.000074458156,0.31731135,0.00009473267,0.0011969907,0.000025320014,0.00007821492,0.000065597946,0.00030714285],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99839264,0.000036098056,0.00071018,0.00014288329,0.00048411672,0.00023409694],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986913,0.0003322676,0.00018524418,0.00015182518,0.0005256892,0.00011365556],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00059069466,0.0001896056,0.00031585843,0.00030956377,0.000034993107,0.00015792514,0.0004490592,0.00006217432,0.000094640694],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007466408,0.00017535964,0.00022333785,0.00006830654,0.000010304261,0.00029917184,0.00003965059,0.00019382103,0.00002545219],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00020765704,0.0001846722,0.000034276432,0.000048483136,0.00045293153,0.000030686766,0.00013247914,0.8998029,0.07652578,0.00043171772,0.0011691487,0.020979227],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.010440376,0.0002037305,0.0000040557175,0.00021168421,0.00003377072,0.000079203564,0.000040207564,0.9557711,0.0064937216,0.00012484878,0.026417876,0.00017943548],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000017970786,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000063827156,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6269387,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023693359,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000055569628,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7150959},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2943598314","doi":"10.1002/bit.27000","title":"A mechanistic model for gas–liquid mass transfer prediction in a rocking disposable bioreactor","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biotechnology and Bioengineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Bioreactor; Mass transfer; Biochemical engineering; Chemistry; Process engineering; Chromatography; Engineering; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.004792818813159271,"score_gpt":0.16628052217651992,"score_spread":0.16148770336336066,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2943598314","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5070967,0.00024625738,0.4918593,0.000040430612,0.0001636364,0.00021064794,0.000031216758,0.0003242871,0.000027494449],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9957149,0.00018450656,0.003939292,0.000008037536,0.000019833798,0.000051989176,0.000014384438,0.000038608687,0.000028465294],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99923503,0.000001941877,0.00018625562,0.0002140041,0.000043583786,0.00031918898],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999794,0.00001946138,0.000006681897,0.00013720388,0.000008927581,0.000033741446],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000089661764,0.00016571302,0.00018649294,0.0002629961,0.000027036793,0.000014270873,0.00008643014,0.00034002078,0.0000036820816],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000073519727,0.00017183319,0.000036791935,0.00015809371,0.0000148757545,0.00008635658,0.00001670382,0.00019037143,0.0000032895182],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002092383,0.0000069056236,0.00007435235,0.00018144863,0.000021675894,0.0000015651477,0.000048944294,0.13403627,0.8552726,0.009683785,0.0000032076573,0.0006483271],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003987162,0.00008500262,0.000021112022,0.000073518306,0.0000128049505,0.0000065153013,0.000024606621,0.93393713,0.064845175,0.00028271426,0.00014170911,0.0001710003],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003822853,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000013189547,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7999008,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000059361693,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000074273075,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7007154},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2945113057","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23502","title":"Use of axial dispersion and plug flow models for determination of axial mixing and mass transfer coefficient in an l‐shaped pulsed packed extraction column","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Mass transfer; Mass transfer coefficient; Plug flow; Mixing (physics); Volumetric flow rate; Dispersion (optics); Materials science; Intensity (physics); Flow (mathematics); Complete mixing; Phase (matter); Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Mechanics; Chromatography; Optics; Physics","score_opus":0.010862522496575757,"score_gpt":0.19155299149691335,"score_spread":0.18069046900033758,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2945113057","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.91978973,0.000088525856,0.07981461,0.000017774262,0.0001265686,0.00013922939,0.000016803984,0.000004218037,0.0000025501724],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977095,0.0000101740625,0.0022181217,0.0000028985885,0.000031329928,0.0000017311442,0.0000042942534,0.000020378864,0.0000015720022],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993913,0.0000072350185,0.00028304657,0.00006810308,0.00009142701,0.00015889162],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99963164,0.000084533654,0.000031052223,0.00006204174,0.000059355607,0.0001313669],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018381454,0.00009154574,0.00019409243,0.00015138966,0.000015895841,0.000026881851,0.0000634515,0.000077838995,0.0000025840739],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000032888027,0.000085539185,0.00004179496,0.000074263786,0.000022933375,0.00023442662,0.0000033238884,0.00014516621,2.5418707e-8],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000027426515,0.0000034027148,0.00009722038,0.00009188911,0.0000075879225,0.0000014805837,0.0003889491,0.3883698,0.60982364,0.00008450746,5.32516e-7,0.0011035869],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005432754,0.00004527467,0.00019855304,0.00013684324,0.000018680985,0.0000147635865,0.000019355048,0.9603177,0.038569115,0.00004200825,0.000009291363,0.000085166386],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00015699634,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00028914894,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5719479,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001074448,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004109992,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.34881866},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2945418091","doi":"10.1615/ihtc12.2570","title":"The effect of insoluble surfactants on the motion and deformation of interacting bubbles","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceeding of International Heat Transfer Conference 12","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Deformation (meteorology); Motion (physics); Materials science; Mechanics; Classical mechanics; Physics; Composite material","score_opus":0.01690268722800332,"score_gpt":0.20901692182823867,"score_spread":0.19211423460023536,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2945418091","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99183923,0.00007960745,0.0033093144,0.00011996555,0.00019078286,0.0001227412,0.000007430419,0.000013879125,0.0043170643],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997239,0.00020808549,0.000026932477,0.00000214896,0.000013171843,0.0000076124456,0.0000022724776,0.0000070915257,0.000008757796],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99943435,0.0000070922356,0.00024960385,0.00005997969,0.00016925973,0.0000797222],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99960154,0.00021405079,0.000015240956,0.00004387223,0.00011173857,0.0000135549535],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002329987,0.0000798935,0.00010715783,0.000057778598,0.00004274725,0.000024415365,0.00013109657,0.000025980253,0.00002195713],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004656509,0.000049482664,0.000033432094,0.000047940808,0.00004296806,0.0001695706,0.000009826462,0.00009666688,6.755056e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002985955,0.000098418095,0.12536635,0.0014696049,0.00049436267,5.499336e-7,0.012092099,0.01646124,0.66929823,0.10347171,0.00009546736,0.07085339],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00024328224,0.00011223671,0.0026134972,0.0003420036,0.00001108391,0.000002648713,0.00024996325,0.75740343,0.2387984,0.00015256723,0.000015760821,0.00005512026],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000022015136,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000975545,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7409422,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000019159113,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000026170296,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.20178445},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2945565685","doi":"10.1016/j.cherd.2019.05.024","title":"Experimental and numerical investigation on mixing of dilute oil in water dispersions in a stirred tank","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Process Safety and Environmental Protection","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Mixing (physics); Materials science; Petroleum engineering; Oil tank; Mechanics; Engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.00545443334745641,"score_gpt":0.17154305065566444,"score_spread":0.16608861730820804,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2945565685","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9979135,0.00013689522,0.0015394113,0.000040927167,0.00003955027,0.00015687464,0.0000031661743,0.000014781177,0.00015493039],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99980766,0.000059539147,0.000041625844,0.000007670039,0.0000059447366,0.000029195684,0.000012935244,0.000011581379,0.00002384748],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995177,0.000012014196,0.0001470999,0.00014146186,0.00007136718,0.00011038551],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99990886,0.00000590236,0.000013818633,0.00004285443,7.264948e-7,0.000027855402],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006466412,0.00008699939,0.00010069357,0.00006734365,0.000027919325,0.0000064169208,0.000020437039,0.000050078266,0.000014285702],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000018179207,0.000078114535,0.000010253617,0.0000464379,0.000029564862,0.00014859634,0.00002092681,0.00011407139,0.0000030248623],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014039954,0.00006394504,0.008395459,0.00020864171,0.0000062915465,0.0000011922463,0.0027312757,0.10402254,0.8792558,0.000025426252,1.6480065e-7,0.0051489105],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010832923,0.00014914869,0.019762944,0.00018880445,0.0000035038317,0.0000072926605,0.0011140273,0.8442242,0.13310876,0.0001200753,0.00003536192,0.00020255515],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000045714194,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000046118016,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.746147,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008801048,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000013700413,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.31854182},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2946887588","doi":"10.1515/arh-2004-0013","title":"Extensional Viscosity of Coating Colors and its Relation With Jet Coating Performance","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Rheology","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Extensional viscosity; Coating; Materials science; Viscosity; Jet (fluid); Newtonian fluid; Context (archaeology); Non-Newtonian fluid; Composite material; Mechanics; Reynolds number; Optics; Thermodynamics; Physics; Geology; Turbulence","score_opus":0.0048129505676184825,"score_gpt":0.17323263930716953,"score_spread":0.16841968873955104,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2946887588","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98056036,0.00008317513,0.01702034,0.0000140064485,0.00004587018,0.000104838124,0.0000015068839,0.000054423672,0.0021154797],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99488497,0.00003334056,0.0049995743,0.000025413572,0.000014747068,0.000008867202,0.000008935048,0.000013892104,0.0000102699305],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995395,0.0000041117128,0.00014555758,0.00011050463,0.00006140119,0.00013895411],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99980056,0.000047169066,0.000040402923,0.000060287148,0.000025400968,0.000026160524],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009748682,0.00008535882,0.00013849912,0.000042678068,0.00006600822,0.0000032978555,0.00003603696,0.000066901775,0.000004961212],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000079295505,0.00007758773,0.0000083690065,0.00007556583,0.00004520332,0.000046556335,0.000027530763,0.00011481219,0.000003504829],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000044770168,0.000015693226,0.010468578,0.00013042986,0.00003083698,0.000003453154,0.0005992935,0.47913775,0.3044268,0.20410323,0.000005828349,0.0010333576],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001663294,0.00017477348,0.09586549,0.00010974442,0.000030817162,0.00007617339,0.000120230805,0.8511274,0.049782682,0.00072891294,0.000019858393,0.0003006621],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000808531,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000021683583,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3719896,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000023503871,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013691263,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.31639355},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2947135819","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23504","title":"Impeller power draw during turbulent operation in solid‐liquid suspensions","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Impeller; Suspension (topology); Mechanics; Rushton turbine; Turbulence; Materials science; Power density; Turbine; Vortex; Power (physics); Slip factor; Particle (ecology); Physics; Thermodynamics; Mathematics; Geology","score_opus":0.0026175723283443936,"score_gpt":0.16560247514508528,"score_spread":0.16298490281674088,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2947135819","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99845904,0.0003338912,0.0001259509,0.00022678084,0.00047717761,0.00007473851,8.423111e-7,0.000016193842,0.00028539708],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99969935,0.0000072093317,0.00011156508,0.000029949742,0.00008331003,0.0000011669712,0.0000012266182,0.000034372253,0.00003184839],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991855,0.000005459489,0.00030355295,0.000069040834,0.000113922884,0.0003225175],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995353,0.000026285736,0.000024705518,0.00013868524,0.000041737072,0.00023324542],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016231871,0.00012509203,0.00017811103,0.00017580479,0.00002807392,0.00004970872,0.00019605915,0.000076927354,0.000113016766],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003452376,0.000105044026,0.00006916322,0.00012826819,0.000013427243,0.00012210106,0.0000119068245,0.0004425236,0.000019570301],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004422238,0.0000016488748,0.000070448055,0.0000115403955,0.000016678621,0.000041707426,0.00032314553,0.53619164,0.46297413,0.00029520688,0.00005943642,0.000010002723],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012209472,0.0000665439,0.0016099849,0.00050435343,0.00002428307,0.0007177424,0.00006452593,0.6955907,0.2981334,0.00005782461,0.0014104929,0.00059921603],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00019608322,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00038272468,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.16484071,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00034871986,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000103802726,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.42835712},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2947173421","doi":"10.1016/j.cis.2019.05.010","title":"A review of bubble break-up","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Advances in Colloid and Interface Science","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":80,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Research and Development; Shell Canada","keywords":"Break-Up; Coalescence (physics); Bubble; Mechanics; Shearing (physics); Materials science; Liquid bubble; Turbulence; Nanotechnology; Physics; Composite material","score_opus":0.01580064420133346,"score_gpt":0.335184202035751,"score_spread":0.3193835578344175,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2947173421","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0000050601757,0.99191827,0.00033287346,0.0000021515268,0.0010356172,0.00039547624,0.000017954706,0.000022816404,0.00626979],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0001365388,0.9991203,0.0003678488,0.000019626596,0.000012102885,0.00002218469,0.0000016492047,0.000018607814,0.00030117432],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987944,0.000013923666,0.0004600932,0.00031351333,0.00016228773,0.0002558317],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994451,0.0000727188,0.00009918683,0.0002871948,0.00004682163,0.00004900795],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00044324025,0.0002166848,0.00094024854,0.00019077813,0.000026227082,0.000025628071,0.00048628112,0.000057082547,0.000014244709],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007770429,0.00017669296,0.00008057907,0.00090760627,0.00021028362,0.0004300226,0.00014374577,0.0002007907,0.000013477823],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[4.4160242e-7,0.000004905783,0.0000010387483,0.1913525,0.0000052591145,2.6275944e-7,0.00002697112,0.00022292629,0.00008677872,0.00033057042,0.00015902778,0.8078093],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000039548027,0.000022079723,1.09134525e-7,0.1686043,0.000025110343,0.00001122386,0.000006784839,0.0014975675,0.000034543362,0.000020771258,0.8295707,0.00016722053],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000042323245,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008442458,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8294117,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000103470986,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013027682,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.720533},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2948185185","doi":"10.11159/ffhmt19.138","title":"Flow Induced Vibration of Separated Two-Phase Flow Due to Restricting Orifice","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the ... International Conference on Fluid Flow, Heat and Mass Transfer","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Body orifice; Flow (mathematics); Mechanics; Vibration; Vortex-induced vibration; Physics; Engineering; Acoustics; Mechanical engineering","score_opus":0.017303566040862677,"score_gpt":0.24641082687050983,"score_spread":0.22910726082964716,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2948185185","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9783339,0.000021052141,0.005809418,0.00046121667,0.00063488516,0.00036467338,0.000043548556,0.00005890777,0.014272417],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980443,0.00005357981,0.0015833316,0.00008278036,0.00006746512,0.000020389494,0.000013476187,0.000028063265,0.00010662848],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987273,0.000005848655,0.0003899648,0.00024778047,0.00043727647,0.0001917972],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99937105,0.00003638142,0.000019947849,0.000095722455,0.00039054363,0.00008632642],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022455669,0.00020062763,0.00025961536,0.00017570062,0.00004284114,0.00007600325,0.0003675984,0.00010776182,0.00012766369],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000036809735,0.0001711238,0.000077285236,0.00022975175,0.000019883388,0.0002549205,0.000035599824,0.00021017433,0.000010641743],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001524861,0.00004029926,0.00014830731,0.00009905578,0.00006516044,6.1438175e-7,0.000473737,0.014945905,0.9628754,0.01786068,0.00007531534,0.0032630241],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00090212806,0.00011263321,0.0001210713,0.0002563588,0.00001561337,0.00000483205,0.00007442813,0.78694105,0.21108626,0.0002409675,0.00009404496,0.0001505929],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000031562442,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006775826,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7719952,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000051624793,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000045312434,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.69782263},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2949019832","doi":"10.11159/ffhmt19.113","title":"Dynamic Behaviour of Oscillating Bubbles inside a Nonlinear Thixotropic Fluid in Existence of Magnetic Field","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the ... International Conference on Fluid Flow, Heat and Mass Transfer","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Thixotropy; Magnetic field; Nonlinear system; Mechanics; Field (mathematics); Physics; Bubble; Materials science; Classical mechanics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.01002460039825655,"score_gpt":0.21357372492094348,"score_spread":0.20354912452268692,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2949019832","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98987097,0.00014228211,0.00022333345,0.00020891865,0.0002481402,0.00021716116,0.000033261047,0.000017511988,0.009038417],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99795026,0.0003425972,0.0015415595,0.000027360815,0.000011610489,0.000008370566,0.0000029743733,0.000016960967,0.00009828091],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989717,0.0000037925201,0.00040940987,0.00018098284,0.00027999398,0.00015414172],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996207,0.000043509095,0.000022539145,0.00008776548,0.0001947806,0.000030731877],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012041056,0.00015564327,0.0002662712,0.00015254444,0.000014840412,0.000021215868,0.00031888345,0.000086876404,0.00006190672],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000264772,0.00013069184,0.00007905094,0.00011616806,0.000051915635,0.00012303768,0.000040820214,0.00017046447,0.0000011235516],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005884019,0.00003135003,0.01706135,0.0003021203,0.000022865583,3.618158e-7,0.00048981514,0.0010335259,0.9633355,0.016844567,0.0000058011187,0.00081390684],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008010882,0.00027801053,0.0065270066,0.0010241674,0.000025370771,0.000004839404,0.00039211294,0.85546726,0.134098,0.0011653332,0.000016347663,0.00020044344],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007431499,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000323621,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8544338,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003388075,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002524549,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5329459},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2949971314","doi":"","title":"Experimental Study of Volumetric Gas-Liquid Mass Transfer Coefficient in Slurry Bubble Columns","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"PolyPublie (École Polytechnique de Montréal)","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Slurry; Humanities; Physics; Thermodynamics; Philosophy","score_opus":0.0057576022764515376,"score_gpt":0.201982219840852,"score_spread":0.19622461756440046,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2949971314","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9198973,0.0012039694,0.07603384,0.000028590095,0.00026047046,0.0014006472,0.000025617597,0.00037355782,0.0007760079],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99701303,0.00005043029,0.0022485869,0.000065659195,0.000025903766,0.00031667424,0.000011209484,0.000102258986,0.00016622385],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9978929,0.00006312878,0.0006396614,0.0003729079,0.00038294846,0.00064845104],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99906015,0.000058843012,0.000044423658,0.0006224752,0.000052318923,0.00016178506],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004280877,0.00032162748,0.0005126543,0.0008294329,0.000059843787,0.000055279153,0.00039461534,0.00019523459,0.000079567195],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000019880614,0.0003712063,0.00012261274,0.0011149975,0.000031068153,0.00018147673,0.00007871321,0.0003600407,0.000018215816],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002122599,0.002182901,0.045619138,0.00013201636,0.000094765695,0.0000623041,0.0026502956,0.37172416,0.5737842,0.0023440814,0.00024290555,0.00095099624],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0019925786,0.0014334319,0.007886137,0.000069092755,0.000022030228,0.000013802972,0.0019029113,0.9019405,0.08398736,0.000020847207,0.0002193713,0.0005119176],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0051303133,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0020527886,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.53021634,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005697063,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006459896,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999874},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2964056260","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23603","title":"Investigation and development of gravity separators with a standardized experimental setup","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Settling; Separator (oil production); Materials science; Sauter mean diameter; Mechanics; Gravity separation; Inlet; Environmental science; Thermodynamics; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Physics; Environmental engineering","score_opus":0.005151099239979827,"score_gpt":0.17010777760491191,"score_spread":0.16495667836493208,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2964056260","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9986521,0.0003414155,0.00082349376,0.0000118123935,0.00007635397,0.00004770045,0.0000026123466,0.000007148752,0.000037367587],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99641603,6.453261e-7,0.003543281,0.000005574941,0.000016338681,8.838485e-7,0.000001053123,0.000014112927,0.0000020492696],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995615,0.0000029831965,0.00017413158,0.00003836854,0.0001001596,0.0001228867],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996896,0.00001678559,0.0000314493,0.000054896766,0.00003237846,0.00017492342],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012957235,0.00007859518,0.00013634855,0.00006419441,0.000018130038,0.000017740436,0.000072121875,0.00003105914,0.0000066955613],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000008085117,0.000058585218,0.000017502281,0.00006692493,0.000026812948,0.000058980877,0.000005453564,0.00013210715,4.4917437e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001050409,0.0000011979548,0.0008787477,0.00006462024,0.00007593556,0.000005286151,0.0020697198,0.044516582,0.95187116,0.00026818152,0.000026558506,0.0002114967],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00056048325,0.00002969129,0.000365081,0.00016352914,0.000011699891,0.000068345114,0.0000729293,0.040255688,0.95785457,0.000018294899,0.00044672674,0.00015293529],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005361966,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005983182,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0059834267,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014197297,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00017978066,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.23890358},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2966127449","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23610","title":"Prediction of bubble terminal velocity in surfactant aqueous solutions","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Bubble; Aqueous solution; Pulmonary surfactant; Terminal velocity; Mechanics; Reynolds number; Terminal (telecommunication); Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chemistry; Materials science; Thermodynamics; Physics; Chromatography; Computer science; Physical chemistry","score_opus":0.007499232366763948,"score_gpt":0.15567716893322076,"score_spread":0.1481779365664568,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2966127449","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9981306,0.00040109624,0.0007349219,0.000046490783,0.0003420374,0.000046614303,0.000013593458,0.000010416656,0.00027418268],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99957407,0.0000050395133,0.0003425333,0.00000431147,0.00004934319,6.372103e-7,0.0000013403536,0.000014983801,0.000007731865],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993651,0.000004251598,0.00027059994,0.000041013907,0.00009280545,0.00022623992],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996671,0.00003686575,0.000032132677,0.00009122299,0.00003835637,0.00013431348],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021093214,0.000076679244,0.00015097507,0.00012773929,0.000014317257,0.000012592801,0.00014808214,0.00005989938,0.000018719464],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004019289,0.00006717974,0.00005378094,0.00013727571,0.000018771341,0.00007134693,0.00000724963,0.00030881524,0.000001919529],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000033227043,0.0000039557,0.0006922626,0.00006393483,0.000029076211,0.000022494536,0.00026809325,0.6646208,0.33310434,0.00055900495,0.00006892953,0.00056377845],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00028040147,0.000021565516,0.002026465,0.00018779088,0.000013787157,0.0001772971,0.000014650855,0.97495466,0.021780891,0.00013316238,0.0003068219,0.000102511425],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00071211864,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00033945814,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.31132346,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00026830763,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013121443,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.27395102},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2966834753","doi":"10.11159/icmie19.123","title":"The 3D Numerical Study of Flow Regimes within Bubble Column Reactor","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the World Congress on Mechanical, Chemical, and Material Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Mechanics; Column (typography); Flow (mathematics); Materials science; Nuclear engineering; Bubble column reactor; Environmental science; Petroleum engineering; Physics; Mechanical engineering; Geology; Engineering; Gas bubble","score_opus":0.0037554426520777263,"score_gpt":0.17859662669185297,"score_spread":0.17484118403977525,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2966834753","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99720526,0.000018110393,0.0000031938828,0.000038642433,0.0017900578,0.0004490637,0.000010169904,0.00012171169,0.00036377943],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987295,0.000027977767,0.00078051136,0.000009377301,0.00009908019,0.000038737315,0.0000010709042,0.000058101712,0.00025561277],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99872404,0.000004532955,0.0004625919,0.00024934986,0.00027141528,0.00028808694],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999382,0.00010493854,0.00012638107,0.00022407374,0.00008357485,0.000079037556],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024349034,0.00024611686,0.00040980516,0.000061401945,0.00005524264,0.00009965989,0.00045471723,0.00008242033,0.0000132619225],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008494977,0.00017040018,0.00006951394,0.00022231617,0.000039196217,0.00009608788,0.00020917173,0.00024669693,0.0000016633155],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009198414,0.00006124799,0.000030925174,0.00026120967,0.00008420406,3.225026e-7,0.00004085919,0.0031248913,0.99188584,0.003949842,0.00032879986,0.00013985236],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005561342,0.000112117195,0.000013500962,0.00026010172,0.00004186202,0.0000035045612,0.00012448667,0.18166447,0.8159473,0.00008634623,0.00097578147,0.00021441358],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000012170104,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001786443,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.17853957,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003904096,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008420109,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6948718},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2967004256","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaeng.2019.101998","title":"Engineered-airlift pumps for aquaculture applications using multiphase flow analysis","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Aquacultural Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs","keywords":"Airlift; Computational fluid dynamics; Aeration; Process engineering; Engineering; Raceway; Marine engineering; Aquaculture; Lift (data mining); Environmental science; Volume of fluid method; Flow (mathematics); Environmental engineering; Mechanical engineering; Bioreactor; Waste management; Computer science; Fish <Actinopterygii>; Mechanics; Aerospace engineering; Chemistry; Fishery","score_opus":0.006322366994513183,"score_gpt":0.2095840070201377,"score_spread":0.20326164002562452,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2967004256","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.18204315,0.0007059896,0.81480163,0.00001821924,0.0003702973,0.0008784375,0.00016562665,0.0008188446,0.0001977789],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.89316326,0.0000373857,0.10551209,0.000023288769,0.00023432664,0.00018967087,0.0004229175,0.00010172604,0.0003153133],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99852955,0.000004855745,0.00037164602,0.00036315422,0.00018552098,0.00054528617],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992668,0.00006879312,0.00003608619,0.000362672,0.00009943539,0.00016618345],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001048421,0.00039382503,0.00044870446,0.0002727151,0.0000812617,0.00009863592,0.000250661,0.00017866075,0.000042229905],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000020503541,0.00036538832,0.0003901635,0.0009129021,0.000009835268,0.00029955222,0.000033448792,0.00023290508,0.00005083899],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002796585,0.000010583438,0.00007080412,0.00013303898,0.0004775659,0.0000010443734,0.000149519,0.8853382,0.11215684,0.0006780061,0.00006195671,0.0009196703],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004994853,0.000014429779,0.00014163501,0.000027188866,0.00032647885,0.0000074441846,0.00006529363,0.9836941,0.0031549267,0.0000092815135,0.011538905,0.0005208328],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000024422332,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001255598,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7111201,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001673946,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010212081,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99987984},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2970901143","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23637","title":"Multiscale modelling of mass transfer in gas jets and bubble plumes","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Offshore Energy Research Association; Compute Canada","keywords":"Sparging; Bubble; Mass transfer; Mechanics; Computational fluid dynamics; Fluid dynamics; Volume of fluid method; Heat transfer; Range (aeronautics); Multiphase flow; Materials science; Chemistry; Physics; Flow (mathematics)","score_opus":0.005530480626763202,"score_gpt":0.1453639144071644,"score_spread":0.1398334337804012,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2970901143","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9869016,0.0011207121,0.011624868,0.000049379854,0.00012412781,0.000046048248,0.000003451514,0.000006391819,0.00012343205],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99880177,0.00002256789,0.0011098903,0.000005436732,0.000029914003,5.893733e-7,4.378245e-7,0.000021778767,0.000007591532],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994377,0.0000031341365,0.00023654006,0.000047659916,0.00007563148,0.00019931518],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996973,0.00004433543,0.000012124564,0.000073517636,0.000022962435,0.00014970587],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014437917,0.00008749018,0.00018174684,0.00011804956,0.00000807946,0.000015424006,0.000120685465,0.00005694608,0.0000131010165],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000010447997,0.00007520409,0.000043206248,0.00008626241,0.000019015382,0.000070961265,0.0000035875478,0.00026183942,8.414836e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000019051179,8.832654e-7,0.00022753797,0.000060870527,0.000014239731,0.0000063605626,0.00027654268,0.82227683,0.17675039,0.00023386242,0.000004611808,0.00014599157],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00025994936,0.000007479669,0.000043970096,0.000163327,0.000007439209,0.000026129623,0.000012073567,0.95497674,0.04425455,0.00007635691,0.00008666098,0.00008530527],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00049263076,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00023449624,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.13269995,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008253071,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000051981373,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.30667335},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2970967319","doi":"10.1615/thmt-18.540","title":"Comparison of Different Heat Transfer Mechanisms Governing the Growth of a Bubble on a Heated Surface and in a Subcooled Flow","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceeding of THMT-18. Turbulence Heat and Mass Transfer 9 Proceedings of the Ninth International Symposium On Turbulence Heat and Mass Transfer","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Subcooling; Heat transfer; Thermodynamics; Materials science; Mechanics; Isothermal process; Thermal conduction; Heat flux; Evaporation; Bubble point; Reynolds number; Nucleate boiling; Physics; Turbulence","score_opus":0.013040061661766054,"score_gpt":0.2323820084554683,"score_spread":0.21934194679370225,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2970967319","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99078935,0.0005195742,0.0042899824,0.001237744,0.000439288,0.0009250233,0.00013666853,0.000058166406,0.0016041858],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99762774,0.0017044111,0.00036977298,0.00006605343,0.00006356824,0.000053233973,0.000007008618,0.00006781729,0.000040398616],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9968496,0.000024137964,0.0011072088,0.00062887114,0.0008485893,0.0005415999],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998973,0.00017141516,0.00003172798,0.00015327624,0.0005119374,0.00015861285],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005453212,0.0006132317,0.000982209,0.00025011567,0.00017207497,0.000080790196,0.00060425943,0.0002593122,0.000029414055],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003423063,0.00043351977,0.00019722724,0.00045326375,0.0005482718,0.00039155534,0.00005189274,0.0006355551,3.6711947e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0012070035,0.00023414262,0.015741125,0.0017550234,0.00020966757,6.2259153e-7,0.005032589,0.0028325177,0.9621153,0.010692034,0.000035860772,0.00014413295],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0019581174,0.0010207995,0.002482416,0.0028601664,0.00016407581,0.000013345122,0.0006837039,0.21730188,0.7717565,0.00128476,0.000025311323,0.00044894998],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00014837897,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000022876437,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.21446936,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009359551,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000036425394,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99981165},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2972836172","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.9b02201","title":"Internal Gas–Liquid Separation in Industrial Ebullated Bed Hydroprocessors","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Syncrude (Canada); University of Ottawa; Dalhousie University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Syncrude","keywords":"Bubble; Entrainment (biomusicology); Fluidized bed; Scaling; Materials science; Separation (statistics); Process engineering; Nuclear engineering; Mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Environmental science; Computational fluid dynamics; Residence time (fluid dynamics); Waste management; Computer science; Engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.04082845570614592,"score_gpt":0.30050213554731986,"score_spread":0.25967367984117395,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2972836172","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99399805,0.00010595287,0.000022822715,0.00005381343,0.00071170303,0.00037236247,0.000014373434,0.00027697266,0.004443963],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99839157,0.000030076208,0.000011208267,0.0000022576519,0.0008597486,0.00004590873,0.000058736485,0.00008562515,0.0005148453],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9975688,0.000033118653,0.00051673566,0.00040172046,0.00061749684,0.00086215016],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99917644,0.00013584665,0.000031512045,0.00036011758,0.00009620682,0.00019985592],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000994811,0.00029083688,0.00034309723,0.00029112364,0.000042289597,0.00013187181,0.0004549427,0.0006815782,0.00031024043],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00031201376,0.00033749925,0.00007440032,0.00091065635,0.000034826873,0.00019527227,0.00012752655,0.0023551201,0.000109155095],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011564147,0.00002220237,0.000542292,0.0000783919,0.000039852966,0.000028565906,0.00008906123,0.18376209,0.8141552,0.00002165212,0.00060026225,0.0005447839],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0022187103,0.000082769846,0.000023333992,0.0003576283,0.0000054967845,0.000017176248,0.000051586136,0.44746795,0.5443266,0.000010865497,0.005033395,0.00040446187],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000115001174,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005085549,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2698286,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005740697,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014296819,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999465},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W297484499","doi":"10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2015.03.022","title":"Two-phase damping for internal flow: Physical mechanism and effect of excitation parameters","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Fluids and Structures","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Mechanics; Drag; Vibration; Flow (mathematics); Dissipation; Transverse plane; Internal flow; Excitation; Magnetic damping; Phase (matter); Added mass; Physics; Materials science; Structural engineering; Acoustics; Engineering","score_opus":0.009832999329542328,"score_gpt":0.27301641708326885,"score_spread":0.2631834177537265,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W297484499","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9261763,0.00048812578,0.07293797,0.000008168582,0.00029769837,0.0000592274,0.000007136671,0.000005284274,0.000020090534],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9886745,0.000031195505,0.011153535,0.000006654885,0.00012002662,9.3825275e-7,0.0000010964785,0.000010300629,0.0000017070986],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995682,0.000015976728,0.00018376282,0.00005129047,0.00009765287,0.00008310538],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996902,0.00009252347,0.00005036146,0.0000365888,0.000052046154,0.0000783018],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019699166,0.000087212335,0.00021876013,0.00007456891,0.000018424813,0.000029929839,0.00004286879,0.000027695594,4.800556e-7],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000058298505,0.00006367225,0.000056149358,0.000024629939,0.00002048922,0.000100092075,0.0000106119505,0.000082765786,2.2503468e-8],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00081875524,0.000025660913,0.0003595423,0.0005378552,0.00040405072,0.000022654047,0.0039713513,0.028387446,0.85893464,0.023781877,0.00034934343,0.082406834],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0044065793,0.0016366043,0.000383768,0.000100283505,0.00010013017,0.00012289951,0.00014452255,0.90707713,0.033756405,0.052112006,0.000029139817,0.0001305397],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000037965463,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":9.989418e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8786897,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000014873641,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007340042,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.25964788},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2977336065","doi":"10.3390/pr7100694","title":"Application of CFD to Analyze the Hydrodynamic Behaviour of a Bioreactor with a Double Impeller","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Processes","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":45,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University; Sanofi (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Impeller; Mixing (physics); Computational fluid dynamics; Turbulence; Mechanics; Slip factor; Agitator; Rushton turbine; Materials science; Mechanical engineering; Physics; Engineering","score_opus":0.0030047348687386563,"score_gpt":0.19447811370379653,"score_spread":0.19147337883505788,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2977336065","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.990765,0.00025320819,0.007609789,0.000020895159,0.000022166132,0.00024414193,0.000007300489,0.000027292142,0.0010502451],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994744,0.000028646828,0.00034025137,0.000005212456,0.000006014812,0.000030297919,0.000004889807,0.000016088623,0.00009421512],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996266,0.0000014312442,0.000113140086,0.00008526791,0.00008691423,0.00008668621],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996836,0.000015405387,0.000033784378,0.00017027541,0.00007760716,0.000019279512],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000043154752,0.00006714053,0.000105181476,0.000050439186,0.000009073867,0.000006764469,0.00012016274,0.000021884685,0.000010925392],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000035752214,0.000043919008,0.000015621199,0.00031150793,0.000011815029,0.000045678116,0.000015520678,0.000037872083,0.000013588162],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00021033298,0.00022614279,0.2010668,0.006416315,0.00024132796,0.0000010686057,0.0044067306,0.22102794,0.55770403,0.0020113213,0.0001606858,0.006527326],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0019169551,0.00044627427,0.039672844,0.00043585454,0.00023252705,0.000011838748,0.00084832445,0.73447204,0.2182589,0.00033309794,0.0025817342,0.00078960846],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00011522871,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00011770882,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5134441,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000116194915,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000022489947,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.17909652},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2977863489","doi":"10.1002/aic.16813","title":"Simultaneous effect of particle size and solid concentration on the hydrodynamics of slurry bubble column reactors","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AIChE Journal","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":42,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University; Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Slurry; Bubble; Particle size; Particle (ecology); Viscosity; Work (physics); Bubble column reactor; Chemistry; Phase (matter); Mechanics; Materials science; Chromatography; Thermodynamics; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Gas bubble; Composite material; Physics","score_opus":0.002252350918708703,"score_gpt":0.1899638682794286,"score_spread":0.1877115173607199,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2977863489","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99884343,0.00015795084,0.00016366535,0.00003245557,0.00019998761,0.00011298267,0.0000032797213,0.000011501,0.00047475012],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999713,0.00011962059,0.000039134527,0.000014016567,0.000027726977,7.4490794e-7,5.71243e-7,0.0000129918435,0.000072182345],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99946076,0.000037855945,0.00019966214,0.000051774405,0.00012280636,0.00012713217],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99899274,0.00076273596,0.000068391615,0.00010361051,0.00003257575,0.000039951563],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00030990236,0.00007466423,0.00014964445,0.000010668021,0.000034922898,0.000019043831,0.00006507457,0.000041932828,0.000023591778],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016185082,0.000052493782,0.000038481186,0.000058302892,0.000025778601,0.000054749184,0.000011009088,0.00017011938,0.0000033383774],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006639157,0.00001916938,0.00881154,0.00007908578,0.00007980269,0.0000062060517,0.00051460415,0.29391423,0.69481707,0.0006064179,0.00007683853,0.0010086861],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00042882276,0.0003147467,0.0014370276,0.000064904925,0.000024021514,0.000022602555,0.000046860627,0.9569678,0.04051775,0.00005249509,0.00005887883,0.000064110456],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008044042,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005781632,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6630536,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000030658714,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011822506,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.21406344},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2979453404","doi":"10.2118/196120-ms","title":"Cluster Flow Identification During Multi-Rate Testing Using a Wireline Tractor Conveyed Distributed Fiber Optic Sensing System With Engineered Fiber on a HPHT Horizontal Unconventional Gas Producer in the Liard Basin","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Chevron (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Wireline; Optical fiber; Noise (video); Fiber; Engineering; Computer science; Petroleum engineering; Telecommunications; Wireless; Artificial intelligence; Materials science","score_opus":0.015383015097404288,"score_gpt":0.21819167707632722,"score_spread":0.20280866197892294,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2979453404","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9826476,0.000020700743,0.016122276,0.00008713669,0.00009159177,0.0006333953,0.0001177709,0.00018659733,0.00009291101],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9953728,0.0000043411014,0.0042238445,0.000013020219,0.00008467939,0.000018136905,0.00020130083,0.000033535187,0.00004838726],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99865997,0.00006965152,0.0003951473,0.00036277255,0.00021493463,0.00029754895],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993837,0.00010964945,0.00007165495,0.00022005018,0.00015924855,0.000055714707],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00043044786,0.00023806523,0.00024444226,0.00011553729,0.000092306385,0.00013899361,0.00008338488,0.00013535803,0.000017152113],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000066285385,0.0001891779,0.000046597106,0.00028521454,0.000042682565,0.00030080636,0.000027846514,0.00035291963,0.000029828267],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005735331,0.00032667076,0.001065563,0.0017704715,0.00011246564,0.0001782646,0.00100986,0.26938,0.7196355,0.0013169547,0.00010433225,0.004526382],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001279092,0.00014658204,0.0165241,0.0013929899,0.000040016304,0.00018638126,0.00038050755,0.97652555,0.0031213223,0.00002217887,0.000021068923,0.0003602141],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004639579,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000045618577,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.71651417,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017246987,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003311508,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7714451},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2982597785","doi":"10.1115/icnmm2019-4253","title":"Numerical Study on Gas-Yield Power-Law Fluid in T-Junction Minichannel","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Xanthan gum; Capillary action; Materials science; Mechanics; Non-Newtonian fluid; Power-law fluid; Power law; Yield (engineering); Newtonian fluid; Hydraulic diameter; Viscosity; Fluent; Composite material; Rheology; Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Computational fluid dynamics; Physics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.008487697722961427,"score_gpt":0.20412427240742118,"score_spread":0.19563657468445975,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2982597785","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9043824,0.000020515283,0.0015345608,0.00003991139,0.0007323949,0.00023636277,5.4413687e-7,0.00015042492,0.0929029],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99901074,0.000002137444,0.000054650853,0.000118090815,0.000026871106,0.000010960541,0.0000016905973,0.000024945328,0.0007498887],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993534,0.000009441929,0.00016268008,0.00016566699,0.00011422881,0.00019454754],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997002,0.000043251137,0.0000070717756,0.00020048705,0.000009258913,0.00003976796],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009903649,0.000113890615,0.00013861604,0.00007455854,0.000014502696,0.000019920071,0.00007464867,0.00005429529,0.0002147743],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000008357611,0.00010570277,0.00003371003,0.00012621249,0.000003892668,0.000067648456,0.000016785405,0.0001357766,0.00047581719],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00027146415,0.0021835375,0.043228198,0.00014267936,0.00024769414,0.00011930117,0.006373627,0.7266242,0.14995745,0.054317728,0.011097996,0.00543611],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0016271143,0.0013961437,0.021145018,0.00007844781,0.000010842523,0.0000062242325,0.0019056203,0.96784467,0.0032878418,0.0002341289,0.0018353387,0.00062863197],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00018045047,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007131504,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.24122043,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000055431792,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000036073548,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6115826},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2983419183","doi":"10.1061/(asce)ee.1943-7870.0001635","title":"Oxygen Transfer Rate and Oxygen Uptake Rate in Subsurface Bubble Aeration Systems","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Conestoga College","funders":"","keywords":"Speculation; Audience measurement; Aeration; Bubble; Relevance (law); Oxygen; Political science; Environmental science; Engineering; Chemistry; Economics; Law; Waste management; Physics; Macroeconomics; Mechanics","score_opus":0.0028593478851372534,"score_gpt":0.14588821416313097,"score_spread":0.14302886627799372,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2983419183","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99039745,0.002059233,0.00674546,0.000011944788,0.00053831225,0.0001339594,0.00000693543,0.000019532394,0.0000871899],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988216,0.00070395734,0.0002864209,0.00000723369,0.000054383123,0.000002168288,0.0000026801354,0.000041296455,0.00008021863],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991971,0.000013959475,0.00038310778,0.00009653222,0.00011238538,0.0001968629],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997796,0.000028618884,0.000026311023,0.00008482256,0.0000036457536,0.000077004035],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00034863164,0.00015429585,0.00023233706,0.00012401368,0.000013749743,0.000043267886,0.000075102806,0.00006712997,0.000024294937],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000039474858,0.00015694606,0.000046960784,0.000061083825,0.0000064324254,0.00029605706,0.0000127277945,0.00021829114,0.000012478247],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004763774,0.0000064755977,0.00054369104,0.00004529937,0.000021214426,0.00001091415,0.000110552675,0.5955471,0.4035697,0.00003473963,0.000004079193,0.0001015102],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008997018,0.00006250863,0.073399104,0.00013736996,0.000015965574,0.00004446368,0.00018849022,0.92080224,0.0030725054,0.0000038471026,0.0011436595,0.00023016201],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000039198635,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000024466938,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.40049717,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015825097,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000048064917,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.64000744},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2987425864","doi":"10.1061/(asce)ee.1943-7870.0001624","title":"Baseline Mass-Transfer Coefficient and Interpretation of Nonsteady State Submerged Bubble-Oxygen Transfer Data","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Conestoga College","funders":"","keywords":"Mass transfer coefficient; Mass transfer; Chemistry; Bubble; Thermodynamics; Aeration; Volumetric flow rate; Mechanics; Volume (thermodynamics); Mass flux; Oxygen; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chromatography; Physics","score_opus":0.003988489512698878,"score_gpt":0.16742231481841374,"score_spread":0.16343382530571487,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2987425864","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.68284875,0.00066750403,0.31600446,0.0000054142984,0.00026170566,0.00007900571,0.00008556219,0.000011057094,0.00003655305],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977169,0.0005679022,0.0016017162,0.0000073894303,0.000027056365,7.0696257e-7,0.000021145719,0.000039217168,0.000017944523],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990462,0.000011239154,0.00045560574,0.000116483025,0.0002039862,0.00016649687],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996597,0.000035684705,0.000023149923,0.00019132433,0.000007045739,0.00008306473],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003281811,0.00014978345,0.00024991055,0.00013097252,0.000010275398,0.000013378671,0.0001709004,0.000042611013,0.000058456997],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00000670278,0.00014714779,0.000055052624,0.000056809688,0.000016284526,0.0002600797,0.000027297143,0.00019454802,0.0000038846847],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018359204,0.000016525191,0.00027411818,0.00007298126,0.000057828005,0.000004360451,0.0001645103,0.54730546,0.45049614,0.000008564926,0.0000044154517,0.0015767369],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00064436405,0.000082603765,0.0025247931,0.00011589454,0.000042280222,0.000030912084,0.00007390449,0.9859467,0.01006181,0.0000018030881,0.00032343648,0.00015149153],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000016945612,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":9.879924e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.44043434,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006641127,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006256929,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6000513},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2991163037","doi":"10.1115/omae2019-96311","title":"CFD Simulation of Two-Phase Vertical Annular Flow in Both Upward and Downward Direction in a Small Pipe","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Mechanics; Volume of fluid method; Computational fluid dynamics; Turbulence; Pressure drop; Materials science; Flow (mathematics); Two-phase flow; Multiphase flow; Pressure gradient; Reynolds number; Volumetric flow rate; Fluent; Geology; Physics","score_opus":0.0067886016668580835,"score_gpt":0.23011040332859212,"score_spread":0.22332180166173404,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2991163037","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96418184,0.00007912364,0.034484137,0.000006620403,0.00009700947,0.00012481389,0.0000015496079,0.000040974366,0.0009839385],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99864006,0.000017655224,0.0012730625,0.000008322305,0.000009754479,0.0000026645926,0.0000045074335,0.000011271133,0.000032676853],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995637,0.000010741932,0.00016443324,0.00010023078,0.000044938155,0.000115988536],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99984634,0.000031606,0.0000052303767,0.000079831734,0.000010261718,0.000026722799],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011110714,0.000068037254,0.00012477003,0.00011709969,0.000004689506,0.00000907213,0.000023736264,0.00004775085,0.000021307245],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000014911128,0.0000684348,0.000016551101,0.000118878415,0.0000065427084,0.00007909334,0.000013100811,0.00007228079,0.0000045493343],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000020595704,0.0000331509,0.015336607,0.000048201884,0.000003692377,0.0000024677256,0.0001956284,0.9428071,0.03501068,0.0002575481,0.0000022667182,0.006282096],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001274409,0.000035974797,0.016872628,0.00003197454,0.000002950569,6.582362e-7,0.000015995507,0.980642,0.00087857863,0.000104332445,0.000062001054,0.00007844836],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00014671066,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00040593094,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.037834983,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000041737316,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000050069602,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.279069},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2993337825","doi":"10.1115/1.4045590","title":"Professor Jyeshtharaj Bhalchandra Joshi on His 70th Birthday","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Nuclear Engineering and Radiation Science","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Atomic energy; Library science; Management; Sociology; Computer science; Social science","score_opus":0.003604679154626349,"score_gpt":0.1919527050000621,"score_spread":0.18834802584543575,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2993337825","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.997018,0.00022310141,0.00065996323,0.00014667204,0.0013657743,0.00005268049,0.0000016813532,0.00004812928,0.00048401955],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99867034,0.00022185243,0.0008783902,0.00003927676,0.00010201898,3.2518767e-7,1.641012e-7,0.000019276089,0.000068362715],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992777,0.0000044246462,0.00019373966,0.00008899071,0.00026040553,0.0001747196],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996614,0.000029359537,0.00005429905,0.00009513291,0.000054059245,0.000105764084],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00040917104,0.000087387,0.0001306403,0.00032087186,0.00005411297,0.00008253062,0.00014549098,0.000036106543,0.000014957337],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000051055726,0.00007465412,0.000035205278,0.00027725796,0.000019829384,0.00035037386,0.000015819098,0.000185967,0.000019734161],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016539294,0.00002484249,0.0004296588,0.0001153747,0.000032957145,0.000012166368,0.0015984509,0.7314963,0.24520193,0.0078780055,0.0008891154,0.012304685],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00039563232,0.00015118127,0.010830362,0.000117228614,0.000006783638,0.00006628816,0.00010136066,0.97185296,0.0009649394,0.000023425342,0.015323076,0.0001667778],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":6.286848e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.013087e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.24423699,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000084342166,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000023059616,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.30443066},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2997365252","doi":"10.22059/ees.2019.37711","title":"Experimental investigation of bubble growth and detachment in stagnant liquid column using image – based analysis","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Engineering Science","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Mechanics; Volumetric flow rate; Viscosity; Materials science; Liquid bubble; Range (aeronautics); Flow (mathematics); Injector; Bubble point; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chemistry; Chromatography; Composite material; Thermodynamics; Physics","score_opus":0.0029749764052583996,"score_gpt":0.1738904768685038,"score_spread":0.1709155004632454,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2997365252","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99161696,0.000168657,0.00793923,0.0000017291994,0.00007840249,0.00012352814,0.0000071630448,0.00002669318,0.000037611768],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9907151,0.000007804658,0.009243093,0.0000045457036,0.0000038731546,0.0000052688147,0.000004333675,0.000013412742,0.0000026015232],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99917287,0.0000046525847,0.00018171151,0.000205879,0.00022160556,0.00021328044],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997525,0.000016214912,0.000022873493,0.00013271354,0.000002211599,0.00007345034],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016936113,0.000114177994,0.00015090242,0.00032095736,0.000025555195,0.00002347853,0.000110044035,0.000021248632,0.000020579957],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000046381397,0.00013066301,0.00003046224,0.0004734797,0.000106650186,0.00027298293,0.000054539352,0.00006307188,0.0000016807545],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000013350644,0.000006654077,0.012499286,0.000016062664,0.000005769635,7.9488456e-7,0.00010136939,0.37167636,0.61566484,0.000022929506,5.0727998e-8,0.000004538975],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00012226088,0.00003047219,0.02714717,0.0000151939785,0.000008511008,6.2925733e-7,0.000047458354,0.5827876,0.3897531,6.609364e-7,5.520273e-7,0.00008641613],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000030063324,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":9.079239e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.22591175,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022187686,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012245517,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.53282833},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2998946534","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23704","title":"The liquid‐gas mass transfer coefficient in open channel flow is correlated to the turbulent kinetic energy at the interface","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche","keywords":"Mass transfer coefficient; Mass transfer; Kinetic energy; Turbulence; Turbulence kinetic energy; Thermodynamics; Mechanics; Chemistry; Computational fluid dynamics; Open-channel flow; Flow (mathematics); Physics; Classical mechanics","score_opus":0.006894408192012875,"score_gpt":0.17884058414795423,"score_spread":0.17194617595594136,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2998946534","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8079179,0.007205371,0.09560948,0.08655195,0.0015910486,0.0006543475,0.00003775235,0.00005013073,0.00038204942],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987055,0.000044728717,0.000035307716,0.0009681618,0.0001423636,0.000011290459,0.0000012272559,0.000044082837,0.000047303813],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988958,0.000022747863,0.00036747535,0.00010903206,0.00017944076,0.00042546852],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992036,0.00013309147,0.000022201306,0.00022486638,0.000047728867,0.00036847778],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00034481895,0.00018428486,0.00019248009,0.000045285145,0.00012895718,0.00016107157,0.0011884134,0.000066689616,0.000032940687],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000075963195,0.000094336596,0.000091458176,0.0003350136,0.000043507618,0.00004176515,0.00006645562,0.00057292276,0.000008077911],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002809087,0.0000014959381,4.860218e-7,0.0000070750634,0.000044822005,0.00001869677,0.0023835208,0.9692355,0.025517412,0.00014908666,0.002308019,0.0003058412],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00023068313,0.00004220744,0.0000041121807,0.000094573545,0.000020168301,0.000060491362,0.000066162334,0.93224996,0.039772652,0.000011045203,0.02731213,0.00013581774],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000751668,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0016731281,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.19078766,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00034780923,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009448685,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.38469347},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3000067885","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23699","title":"Experimental study on the influence of the orifice size on hydrodynamic characteristics and bubble size distribution of an external loop airlift reactor","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Body orifice; Bubble; Mechanics; Sparging; Particle image velocimetry; Hydraulic diameter; RADIUS; Diameter ratio; Particle size; Materials science; Aspect ratio (aeronautics); Work (physics); Velocimetry; Physics; Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Turbulence; Engineering; Mechanical engineering; Composite material; Reynolds number","score_opus":0.005753597467824626,"score_gpt":0.18245397186854237,"score_spread":0.17670037440071773,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3000067885","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9993953,0.00005752812,0.00005346164,0.00019719348,0.00012114755,0.00011767755,0.00003799567,0.000008350773,0.000011312949],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9998032,0.0000017515075,0.000022524917,0.000053545707,0.00009329783,0.0000019581519,8.757167e-7,0.00002134867,0.0000014972012],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992109,0.00002030954,0.00032229855,0.00007856376,0.0001970565,0.00017085578],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992516,0.000228287,0.00009798567,0.00017854566,0.000047638907,0.00019592987],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018387247,0.00013717648,0.00019722992,0.000015164535,0.00004139885,0.000028637274,0.0003436726,0.00004479257,0.0000059757217],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00040814557,0.00008489744,0.000056693803,0.00012257336,0.00005789193,0.00006490201,0.000020171441,0.0004048662,3.667742e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000027002972,0.000026535907,0.00028978978,0.000026313919,0.000043326298,0.000010609531,0.0009773676,0.08928729,0.9089213,0.00031402725,0.000009414045,0.00006703713],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00097494846,0.0006894774,0.06383363,0.00056309317,0.00010289318,0.00008092236,0.00044775743,0.41374448,0.51903725,0.000040277806,0.00008303201,0.000402258],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00018450637,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000018145982,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.38988405,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012792282,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006545265,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3462017},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3003245641","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23711","title":"Experimental methods in chemical engineering: Residence time distribution—RTD","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":81,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Residence time distribution; Mechanics; Plug flow; Materials science; Control theory (sociology); Flow (mathematics); Physics; Computer science","score_opus":0.009343668475058662,"score_gpt":0.22134250415310772,"score_spread":0.21199883567804906,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3003245641","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9523179,0.0037268098,0.041736998,0.0012319543,0.0004889494,0.00016457099,0.000029474146,0.00012668804,0.00017666054],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99106383,0.0000025892664,0.00855558,0.00005724262,0.00026109244,0.000004027649,0.000006413845,0.000045435947,0.0000037679436],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99883956,0.000012565759,0.00045878682,0.00011349937,0.00015914769,0.00041646618],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990745,0.00012269567,0.00003904779,0.00012740416,0.00004068067,0.00059565133],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00029627793,0.00019870243,0.00031485705,0.00008333896,0.000022342401,0.000061394,0.000411146,0.000112827576,0.000046205285],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004163016,0.00018347635,0.00012251898,0.0003244024,0.00003492053,0.00012343729,0.000026815887,0.0006611707,0.000009285826],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000038633516,0.0000024893375,0.000009968168,0.000022919457,0.000023775767,0.000052463896,0.0002582464,0.17544077,0.82321787,0.00038016244,0.00042369525,0.00016378357],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00018850664,0.000011156158,0.00002334902,0.00007967273,0.000010376906,0.000077387005,0.000006839773,0.54479295,0.4536759,0.000013950397,0.0009480117,0.00017190095],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008173812,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000032037208,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.36954194,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00044272502,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00011296961,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7481949},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3004661277","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23719","title":"Identification of the regime boundaries in bubble columns based on the degree of randomness in the signals<sup>†</sup>","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"FP7 People: Marie-Curie Actions; H2020 European Research Council; Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Technologie","keywords":"Turbulence; Randomness; Degree (music); Bubble; Physics; Boundary (topology); Flow (mathematics); Mathematics; Geometry; Mechanics; Mathematical analysis; Statistics","score_opus":0.012472082174823335,"score_gpt":0.17115309083321079,"score_spread":0.15868100865838744,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3004661277","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9940966,0.00030461352,0.0016137687,0.0035724337,0.00009778879,0.00018127315,0.000011316644,0.0000054706315,0.00011675504],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99976134,0.000002707134,0.000030269111,0.00012733857,0.000052068146,0.000005160616,6.9834164e-7,0.000017444789,0.0000029559221],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99904287,0.000043783974,0.00045027767,0.000058271344,0.00021590656,0.00018887118],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992432,0.0003359772,0.00008935077,0.00020455931,0.000052626485,0.000074294105],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00078010507,0.00010478915,0.00020431055,0.0000785375,0.000050941282,0.00006494705,0.0006098348,0.00005410018,0.000009260122],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00048426958,0.00005829509,0.00009811031,0.00042674373,0.000109894034,0.000051580166,0.000011037013,0.0004691624,4.4768598e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001837676,0.0000042307206,0.000109913926,0.0000522433,0.000017386881,0.0000049970195,0.0020598392,0.93254,0.06392819,0.0009974987,0.00018480913,0.00008254196],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005194515,0.000013224419,0.0004285096,0.00020139471,0.000019466386,0.000008519048,0.00015636408,0.95613366,0.042012952,0.00014026722,0.00028729712,0.00007886476],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00054955843,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005397685,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.023593718,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011333278,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00021764536,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.23772047},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3008665702","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23730","title":"Experimental investigation on micromixing characteristics of coaxial mixers in viscous system","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Impeller; Micromixing; Rushton turbine; Coaxial; Turbine; Rotational speed; Mechanics; Power consumption; Materials science; Power (physics); Mechanical engineering; Acoustics; Physics; Engineering; Composite material; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.00893282233279532,"score_gpt":0.16389345822063137,"score_spread":0.15496063588783604,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3008665702","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9987178,0.00021534461,0.00056265015,0.00010277205,0.00027311943,0.00004963345,0.000007837777,0.000014669028,0.000056198845],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994715,0.0000010173535,0.000303419,0.00003508392,0.00016009583,0.0000010483573,0.0000020771872,0.000025373112,4.187943e-7],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99930906,0.0000068766117,0.00035143507,0.0000532155,0.00010295051,0.00017644036],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99956906,0.000035306282,0.00005637658,0.00006174499,0.000024800514,0.00025270702],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001119926,0.00010581808,0.00020550156,0.00009804646,0.000015315485,0.000022175005,0.00016786925,0.00005580734,0.0000031045158],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000056794757,0.00009665265,0.000053414144,0.00012777194,0.000027137676,0.000049617316,0.000006871537,0.00028772486,0.0000012541051],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007730427,0.000001581427,0.00006618494,0.000094220326,0.000018695644,0.000036003283,0.0010286993,0.089539334,0.9085988,0.0004343625,0.00003728396,0.00013711576],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00030419385,0.00003518627,0.00013236457,0.00033917566,0.000008543092,0.000040190447,0.00009524663,0.42383495,0.57501805,0.0000028512402,0.00006332353,0.00012591842],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00017551275,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000015343043,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3342956,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003094999,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008337485,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.39413807},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3008927134","doi":"10.1002/aic.16959","title":"On the prediction of gas hold‐up in two‐phase flow systems using an Euler–Euler model","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AIChE Journal","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Compute Canada","keywords":"Bubble; Euler's formula; Flow (mathematics); Mechanics; Turbulence; Euler equations; Momentum (technical analysis); Mathematics; Thermodynamics; Physics; Mathematical analysis","score_opus":0.041628126929039985,"score_gpt":0.25581078192616763,"score_spread":0.21418265499712763,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3008927134","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8745497,0.00015550837,0.124353975,0.000077611265,0.0005483429,0.00006948467,0.000016170881,0.000029118732,0.0002000874],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990282,0.00005207969,0.00058471254,0.00005066926,0.0002461891,0.0000016075246,0.0000026617536,0.000027429684,0.000006440619],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992377,0.000041440373,0.0002952883,0.000082181745,0.00017737459,0.00016602378],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996654,0.000039896702,0.000051167324,0.000111978195,0.000037672693,0.00009392068],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002955962,0.00010160985,0.0001421515,0.0000700647,0.00005633414,0.000052390402,0.000121487785,0.00004148698,0.000011888099],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000043452834,0.00007813833,0.000047175512,0.00013036707,0.000010806189,0.00017300562,0.00001452958,0.0003832376,0.0000024308983],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015404217,0.000021764576,0.00006499156,0.000019473546,0.000019622483,0.0000071963777,0.0007713639,0.9230633,0.07507318,0.00032342842,0.00030703924,0.0003132374],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00072096137,0.00006273786,0.000038087503,0.000107673564,0.000015845153,0.00003496506,0.00013900957,0.99810725,0.000557108,0.0001246445,0.000024001347,0.00006771488],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002005476,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000054332827,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12447851,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007708517,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002746773,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.31863886},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3010191465","doi":"10.30492/ijcce.2019.37427","title":"Investigation of the Gas-Liquid Flow in an Agitated Vessel Equipped with an ASI Impeller by Using Tomography Method","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Impeller; Tomography; Materials science; Flow (mathematics); Biomedical engineering; Mechanics; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Medicine; Radiology; Physics","score_opus":0.15787630835196553,"score_gpt":0.4574668607046622,"score_spread":0.29959055235269666,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3010191465","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9880773,0.00200294,0.0089959875,0.000078788566,0.00017456275,0.00035528766,0.000041761603,0.00004852893,0.00022484135],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9931408,0.0004483695,0.0060521276,0.00019421653,0.000047485264,0.000010076376,0.000023069933,0.00008113164,0.0000026879025],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9980157,0.00029361743,0.000667625,0.00030671968,0.0004094917,0.00030685926],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988069,0.00008401168,0.00030828253,0.0003508619,0.00019006948,0.0002598941],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007633557,0.00027707632,0.0005319013,0.00039404433,0.000095527415,0.00038530884,0.0013299382,0.00009989833,0.00024018504],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000065254964,0.00022309752,0.00009632752,0.0017023988,0.000087211905,0.00209452,0.0002354329,0.0003877204,4.7810187e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014654692,0.000033535878,0.05140107,0.00010077753,0.0000948329,0.000006366396,0.0009587331,0.06554354,0.8793637,0.000015510926,0.0006889455,0.0016464178],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009012062,0.00007578238,0.04732649,0.0005763856,0.00009930371,0.000008577705,0.00024650933,0.6540365,0.29533875,0.0006391039,0.00018883384,0.00056253106],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00040020514,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008167171,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.588493,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000058739628,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007988299,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.90976524},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3018813880","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23772","title":"Turbulent blend times with off‐centre v‐mounted agitators","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Impeller; Turbulence; Vortex; Mechanics; Slip factor; Turbine; Materials science; Rotor (electric); Rotational speed; Rotation (mathematics); Mechanical engineering; Marine engineering; Engineering; Physics; Mathematics; Geometry","score_opus":0.0032702065552245065,"score_gpt":0.14657963626721107,"score_spread":0.14330942971198657,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3018813880","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99266934,0.0018410898,0.0015863124,0.0031433436,0.00019314658,0.00007669044,0.000008465209,0.00006641137,0.00041519257],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991245,0.000007220128,0.00047222959,0.00015335754,0.00018678106,5.256231e-7,0.0000018626702,0.00004143806,0.000012061902],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99930257,0.0000031908926,0.00020845536,0.000064264525,0.00013607426,0.00028544164],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99924266,0.000031764277,0.000030262778,0.00008546538,0.000061298335,0.0005485506],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000064132335,0.000141909,0.0001740596,0.00006135586,0.000028127166,0.00005430386,0.00023099562,0.000048227233,0.000049753973],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000048405407,0.00010309198,0.0000626138,0.00017341904,0.000028075867,0.00007740464,0.00000678415,0.0003768592,0.000006929775],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012155592,0.0000027521971,0.00007634345,0.00007962899,0.0002041527,0.00025906586,0.0011723769,0.93314606,0.0593722,0.0007143877,0.0042859623,0.00067490235],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005440801,0.000040912622,0.000042926313,0.00021204252,0.00007063034,0.00031500598,0.0000639581,0.9359976,0.045983665,0.000030470346,0.016346863,0.0003518492],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000076684606,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000071217386,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01338854,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014842929,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012339019,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4203969},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3021591659","doi":"10.1016/b978-0-12-386914-2.00005-4","title":"Phase Separation","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Elsevier eBooks","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dartmouth General Hospital","funders":"","keywords":"Separation (statistics); Computer science; Machine learning","score_opus":0.012403269207405082,"score_gpt":0.2450975232108081,"score_spread":0.23269425400340302,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3021591659","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0000788454,0.0041254363,0.00021655766,0.0000028006532,0.0007355148,0.00020417864,0.000030600204,0.00022925738,0.99437684],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0044964654,0.00023912701,0.00028638163,0.000040505784,0.00056968606,0.000016092477,0.00007374838,0.00013377101,0.9941442],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99927133,0.0000029988128,0.00023430366,0.00014294198,0.00012786286,0.00022053113],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995582,0.000011644749,0.000037702335,0.00027527392,0.000024167022,0.000093023446],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007966176,0.0002710249,0.0002478752,0.000089022215,0.000038902515,0.000028159848,0.000099652716,0.00023706202,0.00021564635],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000014416398,0.0002878202,0.0001173233,0.0000041906746,0.000021328759,0.00004304166,0.000026298369,0.00027441882,0.0005202264],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000016366718,0.000003961746,9.863502e-8,0.000059914015,0.000053821153,0.000005230045,0.00009047205,0.00004023585,0.00055944925,0.012240743,0.0002959834,0.98664844],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00027045983,0.000021200938,3.267707e-7,0.000100205674,0.00006363349,0.000007663552,6.3074623e-7,0.0034236298,0.000089381516,0.0018124639,0.9938878,0.00032263948],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":6.3615886e-8,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000051222896,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9935918,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008095649,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014679402,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999574},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3022120463","doi":"10.1016/b0-12-226770-2/00641-4","title":"DISTILLATION | Tray Columns: Performance","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Encyclopedia of Separation Science","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Tray; Distillation; Process engineering; Computer science; Engineering drawing; Chromatography; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Chemistry","score_opus":0.007346251228701613,"score_gpt":0.22179333516246,"score_spread":0.2144470839337584,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3022120463","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.013247639,0.0002724599,0.0013816955,0.0000050685894,0.0005222364,0.00018088924,0.000024528532,0.00009042491,0.98427504],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7228671,0.010763554,0.0011876895,0.0000189812,0.00028272092,0.000013959071,0.000069907175,0.00006482969,0.2647313],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987604,0.0000020831264,0.00036598084,0.00024456467,0.00044480804,0.00018216435],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99949116,0.000022234053,0.00008263813,0.00024824613,0.00008767096,0.00006805385],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019484703,0.00018168031,0.0002008024,0.00021547597,0.000102460275,0.00003841632,0.00023970756,0.000114519244,0.00028648443],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009435211,0.00019685138,0.000046525034,0.00012980984,0.00021707718,0.0004110802,0.000018255667,0.0001451994,0.00011802572],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000040628638,0.000037227674,0.000371017,0.0005684856,0.00006881963,0.0000095387395,0.003209102,0.45287883,0.009095832,0.19350453,0.007697017,0.33251897],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00020077112,0.00009369912,0.0020497157,0.0002579279,0.00003685818,0.000008489328,0.0000073266297,0.41415945,0.00045878417,0.0028661059,0.5791366,0.00072428386],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000028876505,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000010902163,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.71954376,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009866805,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001181873,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.80273664},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3023329313","doi":"10.3390/app10093272","title":"Flow Regime, Slug Frequency and Wavelet Analysis of Air/Newtonian and Air/non-Newtonian Two-Phase Flow","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Sciences","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"Qatar National Research Fund","keywords":"Slug flow; Mechanics; Non-Newtonian fluid; Newtonian fluid; Flow (mathematics); Wavelet; Bubble; Two-phase flow; Physics; Materials science; Computer science","score_opus":0.009184483278132776,"score_gpt":0.22667460313311166,"score_spread":0.21749011985497888,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3023329313","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9578137,0.00054372835,0.029905645,0.00060184445,0.0001360564,0.00021596672,0.000057340032,0.00012384939,0.010601888],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9649078,0.00009195357,0.03469021,0.00021265018,0.000043595523,0.000009345329,0.000009943802,0.000014300795,0.000020166604],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99875635,0.000009459171,0.00027559182,0.00040257376,0.00024824284,0.00030778267],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994967,0.00005522585,0.000048373015,0.00017673244,0.000022054104,0.00020093248],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002701389,0.00018802882,0.00036655986,0.00023755882,0.00016473827,0.000055729764,0.00023350368,0.000057978326,0.000027871196],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000016114976,0.00017223417,0.000058785685,0.0013590446,0.00029068638,0.00014163111,0.0000676635,0.00011718255,0.0000040575533],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002618941,0.00006722472,0.0033943292,0.0002742409,0.00069206324,0.000030166162,0.0075307335,0.40117422,0.52070445,0.010931212,0.0007625905,0.05441259],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00045893728,0.000059892915,0.001762369,0.000012541971,0.00014643946,0.000001858598,0.00026712613,0.9940954,0.0024507693,0.00033377748,0.00019377965,0.000217146],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007776462,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00014696919,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.59292114,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000016100683,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000034021057,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.70235056},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3030271697","doi":"10.1016/j.mbs.2020.108393","title":"An explicitly multi-component arterial gas embolus dissolves much more slowly than its one-component approximation","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Mathematical Biosciences","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Dissolution; Partial pressure; Diffusion; Carbon dioxide; Gas composition; Thermodynamics; Heliox; Laplace transform; Rate equation; Oxygen; Mechanics; Materials science; Chemistry; Anesthesia; Mathematics; Physics; Classical mechanics; Mathematical analysis; Medicine; Physical chemistry","score_opus":0.034117351789467024,"score_gpt":0.24971431728619592,"score_spread":0.2155969654967289,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3030271697","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8826852,0.000049069728,0.11511679,0.0006486424,0.00026594347,0.00031766843,0.000020168955,0.0003620287,0.00053448067],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97770023,0.000013820925,0.021964721,0.000087445565,0.00014199706,0.00003728119,0.000017642966,0.000026158476,0.000010693278],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99836427,0.000028052556,0.00039816392,0.00037045448,0.00043454295,0.0004045251],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993434,0.000051853738,0.000047995996,0.00022382246,0.000030544437,0.0003024074],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002017132,0.00023631053,0.0003105745,0.00006983846,0.00014883696,0.00022841505,0.00044403542,0.00007828842,0.000060867336],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000067054396,0.00019761428,0.00008419007,0.00025113768,0.00011149108,0.00035544854,0.000066080014,0.0001247317,0.00012542709],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010692378,0.00029465626,0.000025720983,0.00028584758,0.000018127366,0.0000055978735,0.0052211266,0.0014594224,0.9786836,0.012429674,0.000031111245,0.0015344172],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00026606274,0.00007909186,0.0007993661,0.00006497566,0.000014296127,0.0000038354174,0.00060512393,0.9653302,0.031334385,0.0011929275,0.000029477085,0.00028027478],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004941226,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003311041,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.96387076,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000036495378,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013955817,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.80584764},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3030654290","doi":"10.1061/(asce)ee.1943-7870.0001760","title":"Mass Transfer of Gas Bubbles Rising in Stagnant Water","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Mass transfer; Mechanics; Chemistry; Water mass; Carbon dioxide; Mass transfer coefficient; Hydrostatic equilibrium; Bubble point; Range (aeronautics); Environmental science; Materials science; Geology; Physics; Composite material","score_opus":0.003502247450412612,"score_gpt":0.13863742110984667,"score_spread":0.13513517365943406,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3030654290","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9582759,0.00061485474,0.040808395,0.000036195805,0.00014092632,0.000039403745,0.000007023449,0.000012892729,0.00006439784],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9975022,0.00032145096,0.0020655547,0.000008936591,0.0000634364,5.5203174e-7,0.0000012280678,0.000034166416,0.0000024487783],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.999189,0.0000049378195,0.00040810506,0.00006159401,0.00015198001,0.0001843634],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99983066,0.000014844708,0.000016536953,0.00005093368,0.0000024271296,0.00008457186],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009762301,0.00011989741,0.00022616623,0.00009535205,0.0000071169716,0.000008407833,0.0000984771,0.00003499769,0.000049448183],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000004506808,0.00010160762,0.00008497263,0.00004624565,0.0000105059835,0.00014738126,0.000013662012,0.00020989269,0.0000029049068],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000052285754,0.0000071708932,0.0002771987,0.000043789158,0.000017403374,0.00002843644,0.00032332735,0.4585248,0.54030794,0.000010876541,0.0000020006394,0.00045186136],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000990173,0.00015552893,0.0025663353,0.00018660865,0.000029741796,0.000041675714,0.0002323965,0.6112345,0.38339913,0.000021762082,0.0008717278,0.00027041105],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000011798635,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.9925187e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1569088,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008381322,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000027140309,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.41434383},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3041246180","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23842","title":"Suspension pattern and rising height of sedimentary particles with low concentration in a mechanically stirred vessel","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Suspension (topology); Impeller; Baffle; Particle (ecology); Mechanics; Materials science; Mixing (physics); Rotation (mathematics); Particle size; Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Physics; Geology; Geometry; Mathematics","score_opus":0.004397544589252553,"score_gpt":0.1521959391504919,"score_spread":0.14779839456123933,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3041246180","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9936757,0.00035267675,0.005307479,0.00055659673,0.000049523784,0.000044322045,0.0000023334946,0.0000069235043,0.000004464669],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99933827,0.0000068663107,0.0005365689,0.000060802664,0.000042064774,4.4061207e-7,9.244667e-7,0.000013949166,1.3829461e-7],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995118,0.00000542577,0.00021001695,0.000047184796,0.000081828584,0.00014376556],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99966913,0.000031836782,0.00003186336,0.000041209863,0.000025691332,0.00020023731],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008377373,0.00007372955,0.00013661175,0.000028772305,0.000011332395,0.000017865526,0.000072747775,0.00003055362,0.0000034011161],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000026003447,0.00005753591,0.000018161778,0.00009230496,0.000016325843,0.00007279602,0.0000060772204,0.00018126048,1.2007472e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013318645,0.0000026101482,0.00040459647,0.000073966694,0.00003669763,0.000054685264,0.00082978513,0.15918924,0.83837396,0.000062874984,0.000057621204,0.00090063567],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00043457068,0.00003497861,0.00021024424,0.00023529852,0.000018575494,0.000025204885,0.00003420304,0.7560039,0.24286996,0.000027371145,0.000020040889,0.00008562868],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00029656215,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00040190146,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5968147,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006118689,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000050897906,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.23462464},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3045794280","doi":"10.1016/j.cep.2020.108058","title":"Intensification of gas dispersion in pseudoplastic fluids with coaxial mixers","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering and Processing - Process Intensification","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Impeller; Coaxial; Mechanics; Computational fluid dynamics; Rotational speed; Aeration; Mixing (physics); Dispersion (optics); Materials science; Volumetric flow rate; Shear thinning; Turbulence; Axial compressor; Rheology; Mechanical engineering; Physics; Engineering; Optics; Waste management; Composite material","score_opus":0.007351199986330963,"score_gpt":0.1863129393807925,"score_spread":0.17896173939446153,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3045794280","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.90568775,0.0006917482,0.092933685,0.00022230239,0.000051108997,0.00012238073,0.0000033915198,0.00022083969,0.00006680404],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973052,0.00006238509,0.002452374,0.000032798675,0.00004606877,0.000021280914,0.000034353547,0.000043905417,0.0000016205958],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99905545,0.000003922407,0.00031861712,0.00027248287,0.00014695953,0.00020255218],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995228,0.000036300255,0.00004914517,0.00009641746,0.0001878534,0.00010749789],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007364624,0.00019385286,0.0002446597,0.00010169487,0.00002309536,0.000032594504,0.00010885441,0.00010546419,0.0000017859899],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00019888772,0.0001831733,0.000021587603,0.00042967312,0.000064752734,0.00017577189,0.000015418727,0.00024495227,0.00000130757],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000082377286,0.000021217296,0.00040842674,0.0018541625,0.000014126282,0.0000022803056,0.0021106203,0.059214447,0.92451775,0.00014981822,0.00002136445,0.011603408],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003030241,0.000034861347,0.0002429275,0.00038787298,0.000018828076,0.000012690228,0.00030761375,0.8848336,0.11359703,0.000022868444,0.000032810964,0.00020592716],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003961348,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.6486279e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8256191,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000043636705,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000024839039,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.74695903},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3047698888","doi":"10.1002/aic.17016","title":"Local and overall gas holdup in an aerated coaxial mixing system containing a non‐<scp>Newtonian</scp> fluid","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AIChE Journal","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":42,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Impeller; Mixing (physics); Mechanics; Dispersion (optics); Computational fluid dynamics; Coaxial; Aeration; Viscosity; Newtonian fluid; Materials science; Chemistry; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Physics; Composite material; Optics","score_opus":0.009708376995980818,"score_gpt":0.19970088304654357,"score_spread":0.18999250605056275,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3047698888","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95533353,0.0007356823,0.04260832,0.000075717435,0.0003122635,0.00011407224,0.0000051920847,0.00012948297,0.00068572257],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981838,0.000101519494,0.001111049,0.00021696823,0.00030421975,0.0000037990835,0.000006055267,0.00006037503,0.000012252712],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99859834,0.00006079913,0.00045510798,0.0002087333,0.00020353378,0.00047349755],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993034,0.00007410934,0.00006286788,0.00010476817,0.00006097337,0.00039387285],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00037608118,0.00023485138,0.00035229133,0.00012399745,0.00013005859,0.00026190485,0.00016515037,0.00014200655,0.000006045711],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000054448854,0.0002398791,0.000057736383,0.00019024737,0.000028715134,0.00037752025,0.00005108851,0.0006900104,0.000011138578],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012474,0.000065639055,0.01867784,0.0006043452,0.0002757088,0.0030799387,0.014941224,0.3948485,0.55688983,0.0009939041,0.002322534,0.007175827],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015802969,0.00021301015,0.0029224171,0.00026186573,0.000023698083,0.00043435342,0.0019144162,0.99032265,0.001768746,0.000017372407,0.00040074324,0.00014045688],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000043617933,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000056192446,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5954741,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001874904,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000060348444,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9781985},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3047838717","doi":"10.1063/5.0016241","title":"Experimental and analytical investigation of meso-scale slug bubble dynamics in a square capillary channel","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physics of Fluids","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Bubble; Slug flow; Mechanics; Backflow; Physics; Particle image velocimetry; Flow (mathematics); Hydraulic diameter; Capillary number; Open-channel flow; Capillary action; Two-phase flow; Thermodynamics; Inlet; Turbulence; Geology; Reynolds number","score_opus":0.012444745372413912,"score_gpt":0.2126658658025813,"score_spread":0.20022112043016738,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3047838717","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9916941,0.0005123816,0.0070973462,0.00007519829,0.000045516776,0.00008493314,0.000018301136,0.000029440218,0.00044280043],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99924475,0.000029799632,0.0006078987,0.000025639523,0.000036574475,0.000004448484,0.000027922291,0.000020237352,0.000002707811],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99944377,0.00000872842,0.00020452579,0.00011671371,0.000109675784,0.000116566116],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997812,0.000017481118,0.000018919704,0.00008902995,0.000023720226,0.00006967553],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000041739662,0.0001008092,0.00020699648,0.00003508337,0.000010775259,0.000006263774,0.00006614907,0.000043856595,0.0000023864852],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000005742932,0.00011486028,0.00003814231,0.00018991806,0.000056849156,0.000099456134,0.000044062846,0.00007999511,8.4451034e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000027968219,0.00007613438,0.013626747,0.00071977975,0.00006613258,0.000004977918,0.00831219,0.034126364,0.91352767,0.028582403,0.00018752333,0.0007421325],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00026033368,0.000057112262,0.0009185402,0.000040220093,0.000008851176,4.813601e-7,0.0004371626,0.9233836,0.07407153,0.0007201089,0.000003203144,0.00009886385],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000045405264,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000071300333,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.88925725,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000049272323,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012400192,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.46838662},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3048081559","doi":"10.1021/acsomega.0c02307","title":"Numerical Simulation of Polymer Dispersion Systems for Polymer Injection on Offshore Platforms","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Omega","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"China National Offshore Oil Corporation","keywords":"Mixing (physics); Venturi effect; Materials science; Jet (fluid); Dispersion (optics); Polymer; Mechanics; Fluent; Turbulence; Computational fluid dynamics; Mechanical engineering; Composite material; Optics; Engineering","score_opus":0.01476458838126169,"score_gpt":0.22515080875424612,"score_spread":0.21038622037298443,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3048081559","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9327931,0.0008821503,0.06492325,0.00005761116,0.00047872122,0.00023604235,0.00002377957,0.00013321008,0.00047214975],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996136,0.000014888009,0.000018760222,0.00005181097,0.00015442626,0.000010833498,0.0000345336,0.00003105094,0.00007012222],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994459,0.0000029820442,0.00018158955,0.000117383905,0.000116689516,0.00013542899],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999744,0.000056463334,0.000029573755,0.000091919035,0.000021639853,0.00005642642],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00003458655,0.00010030323,0.00014578417,0.000053018914,0.000034264423,0.0000141977525,0.000059278853,0.00007450578,0.0000022612621],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000017091092,0.00008982728,0.00005524544,0.00014291439,0.000007872691,0.00010222749,0.000009840541,0.00007098331,0.000008499782],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000065456436,0.00001490725,0.00036082874,0.00014420382,0.000032477605,4.777339e-7,0.00034294216,0.97335,0.021321965,0.0020613167,0.00032657856,0.0019788272],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00027364586,0.00016643357,0.00015025541,0.00003162399,0.000011638261,7.360803e-7,0.00007418598,0.98141366,0.017339725,0.000011689769,0.0004179745,0.0001084547],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000020965905,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.1572814e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.06682049,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000037345646,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000056382823,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.366305},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3090683895","doi":"10.3390/pr8101236","title":"The Hydrodynamics and Mixing Performance in a Moving Baffle Oscillatory Baffled Reactor through Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Processes","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"","keywords":"Baffle; Computational fluid dynamics; Mechanics; Mixing (physics); Turbulence; Reynolds number; Dispersion (optics); Vortex; Fluent; Turbulence kinetic energy; Materials science; Physics; Thermodynamics; Optics","score_opus":0.008068107090226581,"score_gpt":0.19118899820614596,"score_spread":0.1831208911159194,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3090683895","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98094237,0.0037805869,0.012556666,0.00034261576,0.00013937165,0.000159546,0.000013164011,0.00021329451,0.0018523802],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99596566,0.0018508144,0.0019354257,0.000098984616,0.00006046122,0.000016460835,0.000018245672,0.00004186552,0.000012081651],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99907905,0.000010606146,0.00025726916,0.00021419396,0.00016188208,0.00027698604],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99956197,0.0001869682,0.000036106547,0.00009332235,0.000059369668,0.00006223816],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011312123,0.00017487431,0.00016671229,0.000035613553,0.00015191376,0.000107745545,0.0001650495,0.00006028883,0.0000023498549],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012871528,0.00015401634,0.000021192302,0.00033294185,0.00005493502,0.00033338772,0.00007196568,0.0002002556,0.000004922958],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000034489833,0.000021880795,0.016945563,0.0029141032,0.00005299692,0.0000107276755,0.004042197,0.96409726,0.0012126105,0.002466235,0.000083926105,0.008118011],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00022013398,0.000020615742,0.0015640397,0.00007546551,0.0000064348783,0.000006654388,0.00025559266,0.9961345,0.00007723488,0.00033939275,0.0011071679,0.00019272866],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000010429108,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00018107158,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03203728,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009502469,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006685431,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.62806034},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3092504663","doi":"10.1080/00986445.2020.1823841","title":"Comparison of mixing performance between stationary-baffle and moving-baffle batch oscillatory baffled columns via numerical modeling","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Communications","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"","keywords":"Baffle; Mechanics; Mixing (physics); Computational fluid dynamics; Flow (mathematics); Oscillation (cell signaling); Amplitude; Materials science; Chemistry; Physics; Thermodynamics; Optics","score_opus":0.027063206399850586,"score_gpt":0.2505297771735808,"score_spread":0.22346657077373025,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3092504663","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.716583,0.0011322756,0.28120053,0.00020674813,0.00004691148,0.0001446423,0.000027898695,0.00034177792,0.00031620328],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96899897,0.000103554055,0.030645087,0.000017555289,0.000051666437,0.000022293136,0.00010105685,0.00005723766,0.0000025820884],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99888253,0.00001298324,0.0004951931,0.00018841545,0.00016374995,0.00025714614],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989806,0.00021103623,0.000047443158,0.00049929187,0.00006612082,0.00019550831],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009462728,0.00019921268,0.00038152921,0.00006531712,0.00009322873,0.0000257087,0.00047788039,0.00011327078,0.00000818419],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007346818,0.00024900306,0.00006080045,0.00029823612,0.000057514262,0.00014459749,0.00026460993,0.0004387557,0.0000053497024],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000032810492,0.000026051675,0.0038102416,0.00027488088,0.000060270035,1.9529388e-7,0.0008742758,0.87032765,0.12248294,0.00031225485,0.00006187341,0.0017660687],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00020632728,0.000016969667,0.0003637561,0.0000662301,0.000030532425,0.0000012870458,0.000055606753,0.99255586,0.0060409936,0.00001626194,0.00040084778,0.00024530533],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000013171038,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.9311955e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.25241596,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007596158,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000021523489,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99999624},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3093770599","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23903","title":"Effect of rheology on mass transfer and bubble sizes in a bubble column operated in the heterogeneous regime","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Rheology; Mass transfer; Mechanics; Newtonian fluid; Gas bubble; Dissociation (chemistry); Materials science; Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Chromatography; Physics; Composite material; Physical chemistry","score_opus":0.004146811638314184,"score_gpt":0.16599308611633087,"score_spread":0.1618462744780167,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3093770599","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9983927,0.00063625077,0.0002879512,0.00046102426,0.000057644414,0.000094340634,0.0000035768949,0.0000063020375,0.000060199465],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99980104,0.000013401449,0.000043904467,0.000080989375,0.00003648853,0.0000031106763,6.79819e-7,0.0000187111,0.0000016878954],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993791,0.000030421075,0.00023857203,0.00006153495,0.00007613441,0.00021422982],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995835,0.00018154742,0.000011879583,0.00007147951,0.000014194422,0.00013741384],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00030356247,0.000109078166,0.00024017609,0.00008264248,0.000012694843,0.000020385738,0.00019961469,0.00006864767,0.000005982884],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000093702794,0.000076037984,0.000041670686,0.00019137032,0.000031689597,0.00003094072,0.000004284659,0.00038965684,4.7310132e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000041881725,0.0000029721339,0.00019288543,0.00011009081,0.00003286031,0.0001599938,0.0010681779,0.7552443,0.24255571,0.00029456714,0.000029554749,0.00026697383],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013432574,0.0003092942,0.00010883119,0.00020811315,0.000024972778,0.00018121814,0.000020071602,0.828664,0.16878322,0.000025830208,0.00015780727,0.00017340117],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003948556,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00038821128,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07377249,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007346046,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000042897944,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3100739},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3094910285","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23919","title":"Experimental study on aeration efficiency in a pilot‐scale decelerated oxidation ditch equipped with fine bubble diffusers and impellers","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Aeration; Bubble; Mass transfer coefficient; Mass transfer; Aqueous solution; Materials science; Tap water; Froude number; Impeller; Mechanics; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Chromatography; Flow (mathematics); Physics","score_opus":0.009403288111551776,"score_gpt":0.18415444550720694,"score_spread":0.17475115739565517,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3094910285","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9984594,0.00012608583,0.0009882249,0.00018886899,0.000058933758,0.00012493103,0.0000011883573,0.000016485106,0.000035900837],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999777,9.127241e-7,0.00011429637,0.000027788936,0.000051232037,0.0000033467738,0.000001752585,0.000022580358,0.0000010941262],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994226,0.0000074137024,0.00019724517,0.00007781269,0.00011160335,0.00018331523],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99964,0.00002901949,0.000024491179,0.000056528304,0.000021317843,0.00022867706],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009431323,0.000114527465,0.00013908274,0.00008750952,0.00003407322,0.0000533247,0.00009778343,0.000026946644,0.0000059620425],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000027603004,0.00008987005,0.000015643089,0.0001988122,0.000016889786,0.000079460704,0.000006447523,0.0002376839,7.37422e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000028206137,0.00002242916,0.00033121306,0.000009584501,0.000016886248,0.000022157865,0.0022489217,0.3370335,0.6601978,0.000017152168,0.000019583358,0.000052534888],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015642279,0.000648931,0.000710115,0.000078471945,0.0000152136145,0.000019797535,0.0004561612,0.7716951,0.22459786,0.0000023949422,0.000012941764,0.0001988188],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00018959335,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00048777345,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.43559995,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001633582,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005011879,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.36647946},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3095588935","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.0c03224","title":"Fluid Dynamics Scaling of a Gas–Liquid Distributor Applied to a Commercial Ebullated Bed Hydroprocessor","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Syncrude (Canada); University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Syncrude","keywords":"Distributor; Bubble; Froude number; Dimensionless quantity; Scaling; Mechanics; Reynolds number; Coalescence (physics); Drag; Drag coefficient; Dynamic similarity; Work (physics); Materials science; Thermodynamics; Mathematics; Geometry; Physics; Flow (mathematics)","score_opus":0.04739837674607248,"score_gpt":0.27220607721806034,"score_spread":0.22480770047198786,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3095588935","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9952807,0.00007711169,0.0019032934,0.00042296835,0.00017964396,0.00044499835,0.00023026974,0.00044276676,0.0010182915],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99870324,0.000013161254,0.00012273242,0.000012389462,0.00078864745,0.000066373555,0.00015777542,0.000116928335,0.000018762876],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.997419,0.000017050432,0.00059453835,0.00042156578,0.0006749695,0.00087289244],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99868613,0.00017079127,0.000035848978,0.00035332082,0.00017865689,0.00057522784],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005290137,0.00033642596,0.0005174627,0.00012028662,0.000088922934,0.00008355027,0.0006271741,0.0004278302,0.0000662484],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00061660184,0.00039787896,0.000105333536,0.001274371,0.00006001189,0.00006054197,0.00025918393,0.0012691987,0.000023069006],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00018773264,0.000022036582,0.000014754629,0.00033150252,0.00006824679,0.000014239384,0.00020028425,0.15540062,0.8417043,0.000072089315,0.00055299496,0.0014312195],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00070918247,0.00006444988,0.000005255803,0.000119679375,0.000012728694,0.000003298544,0.000056912988,0.43750867,0.55985624,0.000002819694,0.0013646731,0.00029609873],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000033670156,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000016776258,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.28210807,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00038937846,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012441864,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998473},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3105726175","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23939","title":"Numerical investigations into two‐phase turbulent modalities for bubble column flows","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Turbulence; Bubble; Mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Phase (matter); Modalities; Fluent; Euler's formula; Bit (key); Two-phase flow; Computational fluid dynamics; Computer science; Simulation; Mathematics; Physics; Mathematical analysis","score_opus":0.011905354295655838,"score_gpt":0.20281677082041108,"score_spread":0.19091141652475524,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3105726175","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9138311,0.00096605154,0.07895866,0.0054194983,0.00042562064,0.0001988576,0.000021168562,0.00007799542,0.00010101762],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.992386,0.000002182431,0.0068975217,0.00024627396,0.00040983906,0.000009272845,0.0000050668395,0.000039196373,0.0000046566024],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99925035,0.0000047785747,0.00029893796,0.00006798705,0.00010621318,0.0002717299],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990814,0.00007537746,0.000030672334,0.00008619962,0.000071607785,0.00065475085],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011262002,0.00012645533,0.00019363334,0.000060273484,0.00006393747,0.00007082511,0.00024337262,0.000050565806,0.0000148008485],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018881231,0.00011404313,0.00010485586,0.00015131479,0.000024509876,0.00008957414,0.000006999865,0.00029340142,0.000002390947],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004699405,0.000002581139,0.00000487942,0.00007213136,0.00005436377,0.000013101666,0.0010058776,0.9088416,0.08643505,0.001926225,0.0013916622,0.00024779892],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00050838076,0.00003054358,0.0000012987772,0.000043108783,0.000025422478,0.00003783866,0.000017841694,0.97221243,0.02075459,0.0004961065,0.0057359077,0.0001365459],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000422432,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00010015586,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07855486,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021705299,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001925532,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.46505436},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3105762533","doi":"10.11159/ffhmt20.182","title":"Prediction of Two-Phase Flow Patterns Using Machine Learning Algorithms","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the ... International Conference on Fluid Flow, Heat and Mass Transfer","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Computer science; Algorithm; Flow (mathematics); Machine learning; Phase (matter); Artificial intelligence; Mathematics","score_opus":0.03296522126303633,"score_gpt":0.24082085249397728,"score_spread":0.20785563123094095,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3105762533","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95203793,0.00007860873,0.044177797,0.0004643834,0.00038347483,0.00019117516,0.0002865243,0.000078588695,0.0023015249],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978786,0.00029415495,0.0015839981,0.000055572218,0.00011304585,0.000007158818,0.000020114985,0.000027243497,0.000020071244],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99903685,0.0000046617843,0.000312786,0.00019555548,0.00030037016,0.00014975759],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996615,0.000014559866,0.000017922603,0.000043788612,0.00018814963,0.00007405774],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010839756,0.0001747428,0.00021090146,0.00007792071,0.000050181316,0.000045735578,0.00023847682,0.000061384024,0.00007478243],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000017985436,0.0001472239,0.00009020271,0.000093885385,0.000041230018,0.00020630502,0.000033839904,0.00023932489,8.6310246e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000076293225,0.000031283318,0.0020059873,0.00017383222,0.00009635976,5.6774724e-7,0.00069688674,0.012085205,0.97656244,0.0062334477,0.000014249296,0.0020234406],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010129808,0.00010782082,0.00007744623,0.00018124777,0.000037215075,0.0000040699556,0.000094242576,0.8910299,0.10711608,0.00014733143,0.00008453279,0.00010713272],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000032163905,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000024761334,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8789447,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003402183,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001494725,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.60036165},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3107397162","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23948","title":"Effects of high oil viscosity on oil‐gas downward flow in deviated pipes. Part 2: Holdup and pressure gradient","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Slippage; Pressure gradient; Mechanics; Viscosity; Pressure drop; Flow (mathematics); Work (physics); Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Materials science; Composite material; Physics","score_opus":0.0034099475440174873,"score_gpt":0.14223441599810555,"score_spread":0.13882446845408805,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3107397162","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99717677,0.0019040407,0.0002555343,0.00030998664,0.00024418219,0.000029470779,0.000011612904,0.000018015222,0.000050405746],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99949104,0.00006523681,0.00024509078,0.000057422378,0.000107694075,0.000001865959,0.0000016461494,0.000025905614,0.000004076234],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99925965,0.000010220287,0.00026829002,0.00008421138,0.000120856486,0.00025675545],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993819,0.00007977,0.00003817298,0.00008163735,0.000028875551,0.0003896351],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000121153585,0.00014641389,0.00027456236,0.000092268914,0.000019018556,0.000023900451,0.00017416345,0.00007629221,0.000004973387],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015519929,0.00012303957,0.00005574967,0.00016465397,0.000026987529,0.000053928183,0.000013861908,0.00043239983,7.5995104e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000020594287,0.000008347483,0.000064206324,0.0006268976,0.00011304033,0.00012137988,0.0007172276,0.8517199,0.13926353,0.00029342886,0.00029650689,0.006754907],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010792399,0.0000737573,0.0005989112,0.00086523,0.00009792314,0.000046929345,0.000006230438,0.84213537,0.15282294,0.00003579846,0.0019343583,0.0003033034],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003667973,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00015121697,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.013559415,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009064902,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000049672897,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5017408},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3108609593","doi":"10.1007/s42452-020-03875-9","title":"Separation dynamics of immiscible liquids","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SN Applied Sciences","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Separator (oil production); Dimensionless quantity; Reynolds number; Mathematics; Inverse; Computational fluid dynamics; Cartesian coordinate system; Nonlinear system; Mechanics; Fluent; Geometry; Thermodynamics; Physics","score_opus":0.013007810623043856,"score_gpt":0.2308356803565335,"score_spread":0.21782786973348967,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3108609593","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.68326795,0.00010094905,0.07127379,0.00036320565,0.00021057812,0.0001415376,0.000010345841,0.00019773668,0.24443392],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99700564,0.000011941229,0.0028707935,0.000046036224,0.000029446013,0.0000038312273,0.0000039429715,0.0000054715224,0.000022900349],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995236,0.0000021204596,0.00011618446,0.00010993425,0.0001306988,0.00011748218],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998678,0.000012509259,0.000015557824,0.0000540197,0.0000094109755,0.000040691877],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010902341,0.000056497374,0.00008120657,0.000035030636,0.000051038973,0.000024042276,0.00015071483,0.000025266989,0.000021014743],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000048832953,0.000052469688,0.000018327497,0.0003545707,0.00007635706,0.000058691596,0.000022012822,0.00004357512,0.000016707618],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000060037314,0.00000883157,0.00021011301,0.00007686735,0.000010549679,6.016241e-7,0.0010028835,0.36494377,0.26672894,0.36077252,0.00064950547,0.0055894013],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000054672844,0.000028567349,0.00007271453,0.000003285585,0.0000025001855,2.405126e-7,0.00018124725,0.9872624,0.011143215,0.0008967881,0.0002827887,0.00007157414],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003954116,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000014799841,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6223186,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000014397047,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000017688499,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.21396518},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3108630786","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.0c03641","title":"Experimental Analysis of the Mass Transfer Coefficient and Interfacial Area in an Aerated Coaxial Mixing System Comprising a Non-Newtonian Solution","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Impeller; Bubble; Mass transfer; Mixing (physics); Carboxymethyl cellulose; Non-Newtonian fluid; Aeration; Coaxial; Mass transfer coefficient; Newtonian fluid; Mechanics; Chemistry; Materials science; Viscosity; Thermodynamics; Chromatography; Composite material; Mechanical engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.06181669435117949,"score_gpt":0.2801895216650236,"score_spread":0.2183728273138441,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3108630786","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99289155,0.00008418228,0.0064191027,0.000032058208,0.00014027616,0.00022842581,0.000034536668,0.00007893197,0.00009093205],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99975395,0.0000019701297,0.000032003234,0.0000014444668,0.00013857725,0.000016167027,0.000022875392,0.00002997932,0.000003002268],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99854434,0.000040153864,0.00037944125,0.00026944405,0.00037010625,0.00039651233],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99952203,0.000059422615,0.000016008755,0.00018321424,0.00006103686,0.00015829269],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00039287237,0.00017903716,0.0003386293,0.00015874048,0.00007782698,0.00008770768,0.00025628752,0.00020993852,0.000010599834],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005082822,0.00017511434,0.00008049876,0.0013428832,0.000062099774,0.00007673398,0.0000742482,0.0007336119,3.7000382e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002829582,0.00001190287,0.00031657706,0.000071403156,0.000064807704,0.000004856216,0.0005746586,0.38571262,0.61315453,0.000004191004,0.000004471156,0.000051653264],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004462487,0.000019266396,0.0001154106,0.00010881956,0.000023264385,0.0000011790361,0.0003787155,0.5991443,0.39965618,4.6137046e-8,0.0000120575705,0.00009449472],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009249652,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000067058877,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.21349835,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003260075,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000046304518,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7140956},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3109393604","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23951","title":"Effects of high oil viscosity on oil‐gas downward flow in deviated pipes. Part 1: Experimental setup and flow pattern transitions","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología","keywords":"Mechanics; Viscosity; Flow (mathematics); Materials science; Slip (aerodynamics); Stratified flow; Volumetric flow rate; Thermodynamics; Composite material; Physics; Turbulence","score_opus":0.003987445816965537,"score_gpt":0.15440614503078745,"score_spread":0.15041869921382192,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3109393604","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99676025,0.0008209281,0.0017388634,0.00038178684,0.00019642524,0.000028084547,0.000026511201,0.000018651554,0.000028490782],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994223,0.000022841696,0.00032616628,0.0000866962,0.00010521551,0.0000029295588,0.0000051648612,0.000027525663,0.0000011198559],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993009,0.000010511507,0.0002636996,0.000081432976,0.0001095045,0.00023392707],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99948555,0.00005252132,0.000025895797,0.000067250956,0.000019250407,0.00034953016],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000077818426,0.00014698003,0.00024854235,0.00008770761,0.000024874214,0.000023958364,0.00013197158,0.000068870024,0.000012418556],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000039182392,0.00013168325,0.00006405191,0.00013369626,0.000027519047,0.00006412487,0.0000080941045,0.0003642847,0.0000010891742],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013373063,0.000012419816,0.00001724505,0.0002475092,0.00006545357,0.00012437976,0.001616361,0.55934095,0.43158767,0.00003361328,0.00012681069,0.0068141865],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007368958,0.000046475845,0.00007845469,0.00039103703,0.00002944537,0.000035560384,0.00001553142,0.70785475,0.29050213,0.0000059532417,0.00012981721,0.00017396861],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00031988733,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00018122488,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.14851376,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014285537,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004531476,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5369887},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3109794330","doi":"10.1016/j.ces.2020.116321","title":"High-resolution simulation of oscillating bubble plumes in a square cross-sectioned bubble column with an unsteady k-ε model","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Science","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Total; Fondation OCP; Université Mohammed VI Polytechnique","keywords":"Bubble; Mechanics; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Turbulence; Lift (data mining); Work (physics); Physics; Computer simulation; Thermodynamics; Computer science","score_opus":0.011197369644854967,"score_gpt":0.22359923110810678,"score_spread":0.21240186146325182,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3109794330","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.77372444,0.000025356054,0.22586444,0.0000090019275,0.000051463816,0.00008965004,0.000005357895,0.00018262085,0.00004764641],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9817607,0.0000015941771,0.01815141,0.000007793222,0.000035191322,0.000007631334,0.000006845998,0.000024975638,0.000003896495],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99888587,0.0000025333625,0.00025458267,0.00027526266,0.0002788641,0.00030290333],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995711,0.000033696797,0.00003068559,0.00014618158,0.00008347786,0.00013486118],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001595312,0.00013576006,0.00017519885,0.000104310486,0.00004903352,0.00006112243,0.00019463214,0.00006616157,0.0000029384116],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012625827,0.00014505864,0.00002174365,0.0008930109,0.00008698705,0.00048591613,0.000040024002,0.00016391142,0.000001065678],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000068478075,0.0000071320487,0.0002433306,0.0000570836,0.0000015357834,5.5397055e-7,0.00020231283,0.6565614,0.34269783,0.00017187982,5.147783e-7,0.00004962794],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00030235032,0.000039696755,0.00041771212,0.00006546986,0.000002788398,0.00000104587,0.000017728784,0.9545921,0.04437144,0.000019504216,0.0000024849335,0.00016769425],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002452655,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000041052863,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.29832637,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016452506,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004771377,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.59153193},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3115461122","doi":"10.1115/omae2020-19082","title":"Effect of Rheological Properties of Yield Pseudoplastic Fluids on Slugs Characteristics in an Upward Vertical Pipe: Experiments and Modeling","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Shear thinning; Rheology; Materials science; Non-Newtonian fluid; Mechanics; Volume of fluid method; Newtonian fluid; Slug flow; Computational fluid dynamics; Viscometer; Viscosity; Pressure drop; Yield (engineering); Two-phase flow; Flow (mathematics); Composite material; Physics","score_opus":0.03075823622795634,"score_gpt":0.2329777294902227,"score_spread":0.20221949326226635,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3115461122","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98600847,0.00008485488,0.0135608595,0.000013350184,0.000054718712,0.00011254746,0.0000019138904,0.000046546513,0.0001167239],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996943,0.000026863474,0.00021104723,0.000024874034,0.000016802473,0.000007679003,0.0000017565112,0.000014774184,0.0000018971715],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993497,0.000020688582,0.00026059107,0.00013300318,0.000097096534,0.00013887975],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99976665,0.000059972484,0.000007412613,0.000078552344,0.000014155625,0.00007324508],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008492722,0.00011969029,0.00028025208,0.00003868664,0.000010004443,0.000008846441,0.00006638269,0.00007123521,0.0000119705155],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012969876,0.00008985613,0.000024013609,0.00005487308,0.000031270487,0.000054854438,0.00003896996,0.00010876815,0.0000015700116],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00023875467,0.0000383112,0.0032462915,0.00032735636,0.000012918028,0.0000050478566,0.00049121666,0.021112973,0.9734369,0.00045890015,0.000002206367,0.0006291162],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00024173566,0.0007229182,0.00031293504,0.00009306917,0.000007404789,7.986865e-7,0.000024816318,0.8157013,0.18281415,0.0000028936463,2.4840213e-7,0.000077741315],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008577241,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":9.890857e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7945883,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000012690552,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000050443805,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.36642262},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3115612558","doi":"10.1002/cjce.24008","title":"Nye tray vs sieve tray: A comparison based on computational fluid dynamics and tray efficiency","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Tray; Sieve (category theory); Mechanics; Pressure drop; Eulerian path; Computational fluid dynamics; Materials science; Simulation; Mathematics; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Physics; Mathematical analysis","score_opus":0.0059138107575104175,"score_gpt":0.17197396606174667,"score_spread":0.16606015530423626,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3115612558","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8603615,0.00040974983,0.13637216,0.0021407504,0.00027010276,0.00010517519,0.000036687223,0.000057274563,0.00024659172],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99803,0.000001709045,0.0015665514,0.00021580445,0.00013655693,0.0000012499124,0.000007885509,0.000038613638,0.0000016010583],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990473,0.000009437211,0.00034735995,0.000102015925,0.00019539252,0.00029850192],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99913394,0.00014769031,0.000040381194,0.000077956596,0.000044813085,0.0005552366],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015482554,0.00018066437,0.00027016347,0.00010901463,0.000048499678,0.00007195967,0.00022188103,0.00008054262,0.0000145030635],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008648937,0.00015694475,0.00008919383,0.00019467427,0.000045374225,0.000056228255,0.000005688487,0.00050157524,0.0000020598716],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011188287,0.0000049288383,0.000041210315,0.000046089288,0.000024931074,0.000025884836,0.00037582417,0.9889371,0.009010074,0.0007846777,0.00014707181,0.0005910569],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00040337408,0.00006570097,0.00015143972,0.000074336276,0.000022545382,0.0000425903,0.00001613531,0.99622697,0.00263475,0.000026372312,0.00016572786,0.00017007158],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000052084324,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006745598,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.13766854,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023683123,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015920926,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6400021},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3120225974","doi":"10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2020.103209","title":"Flow induced vibration of two-phase flow passing through orifices under slug pattern conditions","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Fluids and Structures","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Piping; Slug flow; Body orifice; Vibration; Mechanics; Flow visualization; Materials science; Two-phase flow; Flow (mathematics); Vortex-induced vibration; Engineering; Vortex; Physics; Acoustics; Mechanical engineering","score_opus":0.014862337130258621,"score_gpt":0.2739138590954052,"score_spread":0.2590515219651466,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3120225974","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8136013,0.0012547752,0.18435003,0.00008196141,0.00051180384,0.000025133397,0.000027327811,0.000010388878,0.00013728175],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9874506,0.00022296082,0.01200599,0.00006728948,0.00021705318,4.5446512e-7,0.000015037653,0.00001501055,0.000005586066],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99926984,0.000024757119,0.00036085016,0.00007686258,0.00015377035,0.00011392843],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996171,0.00004044587,0.00007805499,0.00008509417,0.00012773793,0.00005155033],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006923214,0.00011048927,0.00022226771,0.00006678936,0.00007671835,0.000081440376,0.00005591334,0.000064877255,0.00007634881],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000132052855,0.000093409035,0.00007485176,0.000094938856,0.000024010804,0.00027306628,0.000013600347,0.00017571369,1.909014e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007893605,0.000020210575,0.00014226382,0.00007186188,0.00013661121,0.00003969089,0.0006809707,0.0768557,0.8940452,0.0022416292,0.00028880066,0.025469203],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0028359247,0.00021361592,0.009348835,0.00024213835,0.0001646199,0.0004517691,0.0007003251,0.81900907,0.14538752,0.020869644,0.00043467872,0.00034185356],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000010263834,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000019243456,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.74865764,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000022671415,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000043465297,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.380911},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3120566331","doi":"10.1002/cjce.24022","title":"Experimental and numerical investigation of the scale‐up criterion of solid‐viscous fluid mixing in a stirred tank","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Reynolds number; Mixing (physics); Newtonian fluid; Mechanics; Computational fluid dynamics; Non-Newtonian fluid; Carboxymethyl cellulose; Thermodynamics; SCALE-UP; Scale (ratio); Flow (mathematics); Materials science; Chemistry; Classical mechanics; Physics","score_opus":0.005850809033087906,"score_gpt":0.18901272261785812,"score_spread":0.18316191358477021,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3120566331","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99684715,0.0015984762,0.0010612059,0.00016022615,0.00026567353,0.00003907373,0.0000065972463,0.0000045567463,0.000017017412],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994049,0.0000042996567,0.0005042746,0.000016905864,0.00004638536,0.0000011226438,9.079463e-7,0.00001795948,0.000003224706],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992818,0.000014074106,0.0003522956,0.00005882328,0.00012331309,0.00016967839],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99959975,0.000045981364,0.00005150635,0.0001073086,0.000052480114,0.00014296183],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014341083,0.00009544424,0.00020382021,0.00007987873,0.00002043179,0.0000163119,0.00013999501,0.000056088564,0.0000061854603],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008698799,0.000075599666,0.00006152741,0.00020505888,0.0000625352,0.00007097546,0.000022283955,0.00023620669,8.4181195e-8],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000026050782,0.0000020675293,0.0002719679,0.00004612302,0.000015203371,0.000008825168,0.0010244607,0.04844008,0.94999105,0.00005936592,0.000024853829,0.00011337369],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00020861482,0.000009206383,0.00090932177,0.0002731064,0.00001078436,0.0001119671,0.000073576666,0.23438902,0.7638835,0.00004073906,0.000018333518,0.000071870476],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002546803,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000773355,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.18610762,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013930896,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013625105,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.30828652},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3127049634","doi":"10.22541/au.161222106.64775372/v1","title":"Which impeller should be chosen for efficient solid-liquid mixing in the laminar regime?","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Impeller; Laminar flow; Mixing (physics); Mechanics; Reynolds number; Materials science; Viscosity; Agitator; Turbine; Viscous liquid; Computational fluid dynamics; Slip factor; Shear stress; Ribbon; Mechanical engineering; Turbulence; Physics; Engineering; Composite material","score_opus":0.025246044495871842,"score_gpt":0.271219937208818,"score_spread":0.24597389271294615,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3127049634","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8177248,0.0020283512,0.13623078,0.0028309254,0.0032865892,0.0019966227,0.00006180059,0.00043698619,0.03540315],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9939929,0.00027485556,0.0037870912,0.0002997731,0.00026024948,0.00028113104,0.0001769584,0.00011928331,0.00080773234],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99817497,0.000043673026,0.0004597773,0.0005044056,0.00027322548,0.00054395286],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988041,0.00018445335,0.000048106336,0.0007937269,0.00011116354,0.000058486545],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00074715255,0.00039285937,0.00044015291,0.00016116738,0.00007598429,0.00020615316,0.0005587022,0.00041938364,0.000048822312],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000863638,0.0003189768,0.00021990626,0.0002436412,0.000018201003,0.000033920205,0.00040873195,0.0008313702,0.0000051932807],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018346058,0.00006684247,0.000014241692,0.0006726622,0.00010909418,0.000020560425,0.0043311547,0.98157537,0.006165779,0.002434441,0.0041605593,0.00043095148],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00031914143,0.00003154253,0.00010689508,0.00031363478,0.000044096312,0.00000998831,0.0012854396,0.98945963,0.0023615935,0.000073613606,0.005484223,0.00051018584],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00015997903,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011297436,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.17626813,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016740475,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008262608,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999262},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3127522123","doi":"10.1002/cjce.24061","title":"Numerical investigation of liquid‐liquid two‐phase separation and pressure drop characteristics in <scp>T</scp> ‐junctions","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Pressure drop; Inlet; Mechanics; Materials science; Drop (telecommunication); Separation (statistics); Vortex; Mass fraction; Composite material; Physics; Engineering; Mechanical engineering","score_opus":0.006425156147797044,"score_gpt":0.20368892552917386,"score_spread":0.19726376938137682,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3127522123","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9941953,0.0008646499,0.004452944,0.00010391402,0.0002623686,0.000040735806,0.000011670081,0.00001149552,0.00005696559],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99929655,0.000018927482,0.0004900573,0.00002086862,0.00012894209,0.0000019385973,0.000009596681,0.00002075532,0.000012395987],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992822,0.000013188357,0.00035529738,0.00006612136,0.00010033153,0.0001829053],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994123,0.000102056874,0.00005745418,0.000093368384,0.000098870354,0.00023597933],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016160797,0.00010347918,0.00020104373,0.00011833528,0.000025514883,0.000031668293,0.000085898064,0.00007169027,0.0000051175152],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00035117066,0.00009883278,0.00004232151,0.00022311216,0.00003322581,0.000107455315,0.000008403165,0.00033172837,4.5949278e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006093578,0.0000062138624,0.00016078785,0.00009474943,0.000054939028,0.000038786868,0.0008892569,0.14082588,0.8570494,0.0006265943,0.00013333457,0.00011394781],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00066015153,0.00008144316,0.00045850917,0.00022897609,0.000066659086,0.00022790322,0.000044709042,0.73570776,0.2608656,0.000055927445,0.0015000581,0.000102291844],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00012247362,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00010169964,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.59618384,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008656088,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018248244,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4030284},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3131672255","doi":"","title":"Low-Cost Experiments in Mass Transfer: Part 8. Absorption of Carbon Dioxide from a Single Bubble","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Education","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Carbon dioxide; Mass transfer; Absorption (acoustics); Engineering physics; Engineering; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chemistry; Materials science; Mechanics; Optics; Physics; Environmental chemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.007597388521756509,"score_gpt":0.19976114071069337,"score_spread":0.19216375218893686,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3131672255","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99000615,0.00032562626,0.008347728,0.000010491082,0.0005573679,0.00012015278,0.000004673839,0.00010682608,0.0005209993],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99852794,0.00005339536,0.0010906648,0.000005436132,0.0001280056,0.00006206806,0.00007709109,0.000035973007,0.000019437022],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99934036,0.000003128991,0.00024094396,0.00014135208,0.000092139315,0.00018210876],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997408,0.000022738093,0.000010445643,0.00014760919,0.000017846307,0.000060590657],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000038704093,0.0001267727,0.00014826396,0.00008945455,0.0000046252662,0.000008849705,0.00008036063,0.00009279348,0.00001639401],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000019061692,0.00015550025,0.000036061454,0.00017470968,0.000007694238,0.000072321876,0.000005969232,0.000113169706,0.0000026967039],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000044978215,0.000082211234,0.00024165482,0.000058738766,0.000007911146,5.650909e-7,0.00022939022,0.029690633,0.9673993,0.000033444318,0.000013648018,0.002237979],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00022794814,0.000005115841,0.00037273997,0.00021382769,0.0000067198575,0.000001146689,0.000037644084,0.16093794,0.83766466,0.000057552275,0.0003088142,0.00016589722],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008697173,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000028963004,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1312473,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022050834,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000018249852,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.63411164},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3134318864","doi":"10.3811/jjmf.2021.001","title":"International Transportation of Ultrafine Bubble Dispersions","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"JAPANESE JOURNAL OF MULTIPHASE FLOW","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Dispersion (optics); Materials science; Dispersion stability; Dynamic light scattering; Bubble; Acceleration; Stability (learning theory); Mechanics; Composite material; Polymer; Nanotechnology; Computer science; Optics; Physics; Nanoparticle","score_opus":0.005988637392279551,"score_gpt":0.21315142869509573,"score_spread":0.20716279130281617,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3134318864","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9858356,0.00009706193,0.012845201,0.000111920584,0.00047762628,0.000022809896,0.000022308375,0.0000135634045,0.00057392224],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98506147,0.00010927653,0.014634494,0.000014729056,0.00008462913,6.6571243e-7,0.000020434996,0.000010697736,0.00006362433],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993229,0.000008964489,0.00034683268,0.000050695144,0.00018420928,0.00008642144],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99951917,0.000050563358,0.000059442795,0.00006956155,0.00023351616,0.00006773802],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000107711436,0.00006757175,0.00013919757,0.00008458627,0.000019788233,0.000009918863,0.00009075978,0.000029233335,0.00020300051],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000056286648,0.00006085336,0.000114663366,0.000108327244,0.000013245565,0.00014276027,0.0000027999583,0.00010137231,0.0000025541328],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000027418484,0.00009309039,0.0010143779,0.00001849565,0.00006734051,0.00007659228,0.0012114426,0.3760791,0.6182531,0.000040735664,0.00009065054,0.003027654],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0026686445,0.000062130894,0.009216091,0.00012217388,0.000048371512,0.00020860112,0.001105142,0.8983053,0.08580737,0.000030712006,0.0022728737,0.00015260169],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008099534,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000022185874,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5324457,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002924259,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000017861094,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.24815279},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3134509773","doi":"10.1002/cjce.24095","title":"A coupled hydrodynamic‐biokinetic simulation of three‐phase flow in an oxidation ditch using <scp>CFD</scp>","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Baffle; Aeration; Oxidation ditch; Mechanics; Activated sludge; Flow (mathematics); Computational fluid dynamics; Volume of fluid method; Chemistry; Mixing (physics); Phase (matter); Volume fraction; Volume (thermodynamics); Flow velocity; Materials science; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Wastewater; Thermodynamics; Physics","score_opus":0.010516132280074126,"score_gpt":0.21291547581185893,"score_spread":0.20239934353178482,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3134509773","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9347908,0.00040165,0.06449151,0.0000144127025,0.00021302754,0.000055055236,0.0000067045403,0.0000132521445,0.000013614531],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977009,0.0000032196754,0.0021205065,0.0000072505377,0.00011548745,8.352328e-7,0.000013388837,0.000036910587,0.000001469868],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99904877,0.000010988163,0.0004326233,0.000085432526,0.00015164178,0.0002705559],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99930924,0.00012493714,0.000067166424,0.00015861692,0.00011352612,0.00022654008],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021879756,0.000136716,0.00023727315,0.00019715336,0.000027538135,0.00004325608,0.00016664629,0.00009582923,0.00000840145],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00023699274,0.00013420075,0.0000711945,0.00034146963,0.000023992745,0.00016618289,0.000009983563,0.0003113526,4.0196775e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[8.756155e-7,0.0000052573637,0.000062941595,0.000025650243,0.000014453374,0.00002373728,0.00014993452,0.5928443,0.40658787,0.0000272046,0.0000010080262,0.00025679477],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00047381356,0.0000149664975,0.00021081688,0.00013620315,0.000028091994,0.000045190955,0.000016047563,0.9690054,0.02990256,0.000085207816,0.000017482767,0.00006423693],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00026357063,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014012186,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3766853,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00031493892,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018525231,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.54725474},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3135460153","doi":"10.1016/j.jestch.2021.02.003","title":"A review: Evolution of branching T-junction geometry in terms of diameter ratio, to improve phase separation","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Engineering Science and Technology an International Journal","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Universiti Teknologi Petronas; Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia","keywords":"Aspect ratio (aeronautics); Separation (statistics); Inverse; Phase (matter); Branching (polymer chemistry); Materials science; Mathematics; Mechanics; Computer science; Geometry; Physics; Statistics; Composite material","score_opus":0.0033346944962903023,"score_gpt":0.26061682713516154,"score_spread":0.25728213263887123,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3135460153","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.81996286,0.000930099,0.17829219,0.000118059885,0.00058076595,0.000047487476,0.000002905076,0.000024978413,0.00004067995],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99533224,0.00058890565,0.0040112357,0.000019114665,0.000034366116,0.000004104745,0.0000015792263,0.0000051440165,0.000003286246],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99935037,0.0000042527854,0.0002513064,0.00010807715,0.00017998194,0.00010601834],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99960774,0.000011138626,0.000042814958,0.000085975604,0.00021835753,0.00003400006],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00040818442,0.000059900744,0.00010926555,0.000837237,0.000024836452,0.000022761993,0.00015918222,0.000043172295,0.0000049045543],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00031428473,0.000062180625,0.000016680384,0.00075803953,0.000040751544,0.0004503555,0.000033069387,0.0001621761,3.800792e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000033301992,0.000028384378,0.0014637706,0.0000527006,0.000013099821,0.000006250201,0.00005781313,0.023469752,0.9506085,0.0036120324,0.000013094108,0.0206713],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000831201,0.00019529037,0.008292492,0.0013082557,0.000014246651,0.0003236194,0.00006495891,0.77470523,0.212578,0.0011144853,0.0003627963,0.00020943352],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000026113435,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000041775397,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7512355,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013198647,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004303814,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.25356522},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3139115954","doi":"","title":"High Performance Simulation of Bubbly Flows: Pushing the Limit by Using Conventional CFD and LBGK","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Computational fluid dynamics; Limit (mathematics); Mechanics; Computer science; Marine engineering; Environmental science; Simulation; Engineering; Physics; Mathematics; Mathematical analysis","score_opus":0.007856390294080796,"score_gpt":0.19804403718067906,"score_spread":0.19018764688659826,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3139115954","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95268834,0.00017573996,0.04641384,0.00003783671,0.00007653663,0.000050188668,0.0000027338433,0.000035358593,0.00051942724],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981126,0.000051853294,0.0017145434,0.00003453408,0.000027047146,4.2875507e-7,0.000006010478,0.0000064310557,0.000046528206],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996639,0.0000040534364,0.00011924941,0.00005540748,0.000074096984,0.00008331775],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99985874,0.000030480567,0.000015022488,0.000060655464,0.00001963247,0.000015473894],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008132195,0.000056563233,0.000063341206,0.00002259544,0.000049125578,0.000021099719,0.000038851354,0.000027537639,0.000014083368],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000005364498,0.00004449201,0.000015686763,0.00004852947,0.000009536819,0.00013345914,0.00000815287,0.000051199582,0.0000010486391],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000019705692,0.000003999407,0.00015369091,0.000012905336,0.0000069199637,9.817612e-8,0.000044269713,0.96130735,0.032642815,0.00081746397,0.00003847012,0.0049700784],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00012892629,0.000014012456,0.0025893382,0.000021054482,0.0000065674653,0.0000012432997,0.000012425333,0.99563277,0.0012676361,0.00009617225,0.0001739655,0.000055881774],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000013894102,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000028044599,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.045424286,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000016328846,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003454066,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.18143316},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3145096253","doi":"10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2021.103256","title":"Modelling of fluidelastic instability in tube bundles under two-phase bubbly flow conditions","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Fluids and Structures","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ontario Tech University; University of Guelph","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Inviscid flow; Instability; Mechanics; Bubble; Two-phase flow; Bundle; Flow (mathematics); Tube (container); Choked flow; Coalescence (physics); Vibration; Materials science; Physics","score_opus":0.015551078644030672,"score_gpt":0.25399575213186293,"score_spread":0.23844467348783227,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3145096253","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.88974464,0.0030730441,0.106675275,0.00003030407,0.0002559667,0.000029879286,0.000034815417,0.000007396593,0.00014866758],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99116313,0.00037915204,0.008349912,0.000016906624,0.00006707559,5.0453474e-7,0.000005384707,0.000013267577,0.0000046611262],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99907416,0.00002683887,0.00051927834,0.00008964315,0.00014770318,0.00014237744],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995425,0.000086458145,0.000047037323,0.00010199181,0.0001456277,0.00007641775],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014801585,0.000117021016,0.00029619582,0.00013590457,0.000037954873,0.000033056156,0.00006739751,0.000059846152,0.000037676127],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000037901817,0.00010298223,0.00008215136,0.00013533849,0.000049859253,0.00014373257,0.000019861485,0.00022142117,1.2150332e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015678934,0.000028332619,0.00029485932,0.00007044227,0.000049379487,0.000030915642,0.00024016295,0.9130218,0.079223976,0.0061149998,0.00004463444,0.00086484244],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013148242,0.000069522954,0.002031994,0.00009538849,0.000038843027,0.0001589995,0.00024102852,0.9658721,0.0050314395,0.024981566,0.000038804163,0.00012550366],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000022197493,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000050239778,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.10141849,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000043967517,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006737051,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.41994935},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3155353450","doi":"10.1016/j.jnnfm.2021.104531","title":"Eliminating injection and memory effects in bubble rise experiments within yield stress fluids","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Bubble; Thixotropy; Mechanics; Rheology; Viscoelasticity; Yield (engineering); Materials science; Stress (linguistics); Steady state (chemistry); Deformation (meteorology); Physics; Chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.006664245105033823,"score_gpt":0.21776187840790556,"score_spread":0.21109763330287173,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3155353450","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9243179,0.0032564464,0.070161,0.000033786087,0.0017244671,0.00013099193,0.0000038651488,0.000033589855,0.00033794367],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98074293,0.00048573755,0.018373873,0.000051508752,0.00018329466,0.000006116986,0.0000019079994,0.00006009166,0.00009455903],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.998584,0.000047769827,0.00060063857,0.00018020322,0.00028975966,0.0002976849],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99931073,0.00010354468,0.000119342745,0.00017146619,0.00013666942,0.0001582213],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004906335,0.00022165202,0.0003799929,0.00026830903,0.00007051328,0.0000821849,0.000136511,0.00016199869,0.0000117721665],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016720202,0.00023354162,0.000088813766,0.00029201238,0.000009496913,0.00030892712,0.00007539167,0.00045926493,0.0000023620435],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000022086626,0.000072019946,0.00020243945,0.00028189895,0.00006958569,0.00041618582,0.0018189395,0.043347307,0.9473862,0.00025792274,0.00015515652,0.005970275],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008174202,0.00018928043,0.0002152238,0.00085706613,0.00003350705,0.0002667906,0.00086591276,0.7006194,0.2956271,0.00027342883,0.000027119004,0.00020775947],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000018360619,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000048756472,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6572721,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020621234,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008681649,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9523551},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3158335768","doi":"10.1063/5.0045456","title":"Bubble cloud configuration effect on the added mass","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physics of Fluids","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Bubble; Physics; Mechanics; Turbulence; Flow (mathematics); Statistical physics; Two-phase flow; Dispersion (optics); Classical mechanics; Optics","score_opus":0.00782444166729997,"score_gpt":0.2027248228494394,"score_spread":0.19490038118213943,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3158335768","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.88647,0.00036644374,0.07647006,0.00016779451,0.0009105003,0.00018269582,0.000022981494,0.00013247921,0.035277],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99943376,0.000033400884,0.00014151137,0.000042798263,0.00018134058,0.000010025053,0.00002281621,0.000019543595,0.000114778566],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995667,0.000023968496,0.00010295908,0.000082775936,0.000113622125,0.000109994064],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995705,0.00013310603,0.000011447712,0.00022226803,0.0000433979,0.00001927651],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009126404,0.00008733245,0.000116230396,0.0000094511115,0.000034163295,0.000019994563,0.00007745603,0.000028850469,0.000031951262],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000018182445,0.000069240115,0.00006391616,0.000111211135,0.00001549476,0.000041570704,0.000008351033,0.000092159076,0.000036080368],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000039766974,0.000011413287,0.000018167808,0.00004623569,0.000039417966,0.000001943842,0.00010475245,0.011220939,0.88107747,0.1031088,0.0011788489,0.0031880445],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00018640653,0.000055115423,0.000068060144,0.000042221407,0.000016573498,4.878384e-7,0.0000150971,0.16475862,0.82897294,0.004794653,0.0009908313,0.00009900931],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000034111933,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":8.5006167e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.15353768,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001794792,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010937511,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.282353},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3160987976","doi":"10.1002/cjce.24187","title":"Liquid and solids phase backmixing in a bubble and slurry bubble column using a virtual tracer response methodology based on the trajectory data of the radioactive particle tracking (<scp>RPT</scp>) technique","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"TRACER; Mechanics; Dispersion (optics); Chemistry; Turbulence; Bubble; Thermal diffusivity; Superficial velocity; Particle (ecology); Flow (mathematics); Thermodynamics; Optics; Physics; Nuclear physics","score_opus":0.04570300494369507,"score_gpt":0.26236188571284685,"score_spread":0.2166588807691518,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3160987976","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98511887,0.0009051942,0.01338829,0.00026757375,0.00012555582,0.00014140019,0.000027145375,0.00001038664,0.000015567328],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969023,0.000009957296,0.0029091262,0.00007503188,0.00005639645,0.0000049596724,9.961616e-7,0.000037640817,0.000003593667],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987979,0.00020204665,0.00036823846,0.00014858176,0.0001444005,0.0003388492],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99759,0.0017553569,0.000076572134,0.00033414384,0.000059428716,0.00018447886],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0019838125,0.00016245875,0.00029480702,0.000114498114,0.00009370727,0.000053088457,0.0003344048,0.00011166899,0.0000048108773],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0016310337,0.000118133445,0.000060874423,0.00033752611,0.0001286043,0.00013434072,0.000050207902,0.0006959319,6.0725846e-8],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000052251256,0.000010418377,0.00003332786,0.0000274543,0.000041313426,0.000045719236,0.00097338477,0.13817462,0.8603106,0.00012967606,0.000019239853,0.00018194201],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00049224426,0.000050614486,0.0000932532,0.00023554054,0.00003916262,0.00018939718,0.00023421485,0.58153445,0.41693097,0.000025498664,0.000107536835,0.00006714764],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00022099337,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00033765877,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.44337967,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020614352,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00041356936,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4817342},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3165137935","doi":"10.1017/jfm.2021.326","title":"Effects of non-uniform rheology on the motion of bubbles in a yield-stress fluid","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Fluid Mechanics","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Rheology; Yield (engineering); Mechanics; Motion (physics); Fluid motion; Materials science; Stress (linguistics); Herschel–Bulkley fluid; Classical mechanics; Physics; Composite material","score_opus":0.005904049098108592,"score_gpt":0.19234565144947297,"score_spread":0.18644160235136437,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3165137935","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.89767265,0.0009301213,0.10027825,0.000089326575,0.0007011167,0.0000867822,0.0000053536846,0.000006215663,0.00023016587],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977011,0.0011899025,0.0009794214,0.00003291328,0.00005369835,0.0000018152397,0.000001110748,0.000018126148,0.000021886297],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990586,0.000035103178,0.0004858801,0.00006783877,0.00019649771,0.00015609637],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992369,0.00028093517,0.00013065463,0.00015736165,0.00015558898,0.00003855699],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00038012923,0.00011021726,0.00031724086,0.00015847992,0.000016390548,0.0000070522824,0.0001688059,0.00010717052,0.000016576723],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00023837306,0.000084797546,0.00012523883,0.00021294419,0.000009946425,0.00006635218,0.00003642662,0.00024964806,0.0000011262734],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000028117574,0.00008898583,0.00003073344,0.0002992971,0.00006702428,0.00006914214,0.00029354935,0.04836712,0.92648834,0.022499947,0.00011615188,0.0016515952],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00036618803,0.00016949064,0.00020538794,0.00053352636,0.000027716787,0.000040886367,0.00011928028,0.41691327,0.5806458,0.0008949643,0.000020793443,0.00006268463],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000073758733,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000025416733,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.36854616,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000057218534,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000048529942,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.34579435},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3166014399","doi":"10.3390/fluids6060226","title":"Two-Phase Flow Mass Transfer Analysis of Airlift Pump for Aquaculture Applications","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Fluids","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Ontario Agri-Food Innovation Alliance; Mitacs; Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs; Barrett Foundation","keywords":"Airlift; Aeration; Particle image velocimetry; Airflow; Environmental science; Materials science; Volumetric flow rate; Mass transfer; Two-phase flow; Mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Environmental engineering; Chemistry; Bioreactor; Waste management; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Physics; Turbulence","score_opus":0.00821560899128844,"score_gpt":0.25002587608809934,"score_spread":0.24181026709681092,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3166014399","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.036252964,0.0005729421,0.96086633,0.000045305736,0.000074167096,0.00016060157,0.0004732935,0.000081864586,0.001472551],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.981577,0.00008764247,0.016661461,0.000049300903,0.00008279802,0.00016961923,0.00081300986,0.000033380027,0.00052582123],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994196,0.000006385091,0.00019842468,0.00014547426,0.00008161262,0.00014850014],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99958515,0.000037655096,0.0000050036438,0.00023309955,0.00008781074,0.00005126913],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000057492693,0.00009862904,0.00022101993,0.000096244294,0.000037272046,0.000016653112,0.00008482708,0.00006061906,0.000099563964],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000008155543,0.00010049998,0.0002220047,0.00061315065,0.000011798137,0.000041829535,0.0000060397892,0.00005898617,0.0000049332243],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000063471125,0.00006816441,0.0000919085,0.000115880655,0.001067787,0.0000027245403,0.00029819415,0.18815072,0.7908207,0.014913575,0.0005775138,0.003886495],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006317426,0.000013088158,0.00008260866,0.000007254917,0.0006473583,7.5138e-7,0.00006279314,0.94519997,0.03635035,0.00016460415,0.016705068,0.00013442818],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004755,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000059684833,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.945324,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000231754,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016066851,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.40982702},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3169391659","doi":"10.1002/cjce.24215","title":"Experimental study of mixing performance with the tridimensional rotational flow sieve tray under low <scp>Reynolds</scp> number","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Reynolds number; Mixing (physics); TRACER; Mechanics; Laminar flow; Tray; Flow (mathematics); Rotational speed; Sieve (category theory); Materials science; Mathematics; Physics; Turbulence; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Classical mechanics; Nuclear physics","score_opus":0.005185909645054648,"score_gpt":0.17506349705443297,"score_spread":0.16987758740937833,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3169391659","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99799347,0.00044006677,0.00102434,0.0000824947,0.00020665246,0.00007980633,0.000005179737,0.000011774788,0.00015624362],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988986,0.0000020431169,0.0008483263,0.000037507667,0.00013755838,0.0000050118715,0.0000029621347,0.000037391106,0.000030590367],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99902064,0.000014518339,0.00029362566,0.00008903478,0.0003018012,0.00028036197],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992929,0.00018443685,0.00005572615,0.00014174568,0.00012864842,0.0001965551],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018661832,0.00016163135,0.00020870054,0.000057169505,0.00007154724,0.000045327073,0.00021157124,0.00005081787,0.000028488366],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000038802064,0.000109716275,0.00007421162,0.00022385722,0.0000435187,0.000110986824,0.000015118076,0.0004090091,0.0000018674979],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000036589731,0.000029532614,0.00011145665,0.00002036251,0.00014323927,0.000040214192,0.0015076731,0.82405835,0.17371874,0.000119008415,0.00018093477,0.00006682742],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011109163,0.00009975832,0.0011098622,0.00021876646,0.00007520998,0.00082358206,0.0015195993,0.5403853,0.45426238,0.000015175244,0.00021541497,0.00016405867],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000060130875,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00010674001,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.28367308,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019140595,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00025298452,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.44741},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3171493765","doi":"10.4236/ojfd.2021.112007","title":"A Comparative Study of Closure Relations for CFD Modelling of Bubbly Flow in a Vertical Pipe","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Open Journal of Fluid Dynamics","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Manitoba","keywords":"Turbulence; Mechanics; Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations; Computational fluid dynamics; Drag; Bubble; Two-phase flow; Physics; Porosity; Turbulence modeling; K-epsilon turbulence model; Thermodynamics; Materials science; Flow (mathematics)","score_opus":0.03707811822053675,"score_gpt":0.2780075349207735,"score_spread":0.24092941670023676,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3171493765","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.68520015,0.00028384535,0.3137387,0.000026746979,0.0001386573,0.00022287226,0.000025850171,0.000002873005,0.0003603077],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9678823,0.000047362704,0.0319634,0.0000031464424,0.000019731595,0.0000057324714,0.000009727794,0.00002120759,0.000047436224],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99863994,0.000051314153,0.0008540348,0.00010525745,0.00019224745,0.00015719581],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99907726,0.00017568399,0.00009928628,0.00016903164,0.00041636705,0.0000623685],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004271897,0.00012243645,0.0005689763,0.00014218282,0.00003433488,0.000033542394,0.0002762255,0.00006742116,0.000009519842],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000054613567,0.00012333701,0.000110390145,0.00030295755,0.00002112888,0.00023457727,0.00007092993,0.00023908728,4.5705508e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010084372,0.000347779,0.0018177651,0.000044877266,0.00015671914,0.000020560243,0.0023981233,0.9888129,0.0035547535,0.0025009385,0.000037896458,0.00020684476],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0018896365,0.00031241635,0.0006421657,0.00018249008,0.00007629117,0.000022297158,0.0021732263,0.99351275,0.0004182814,0.0006466677,0.000014460135,0.00010934661],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000025877873,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005628706,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.28268212,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012192465,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013627464,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5029537},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3171596078","doi":"10.1002/cjce.24219","title":"Effect of pressure on the hydrodynamics of a pilot‐scale bubble column operating with low and moderate viscosity Newtonian liquids","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University; Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Viscosity; Newtonian fluid; Bubble; Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Homogeneous; Mechanics; Materials science; Physics","score_opus":0.0021555489212643076,"score_gpt":0.15474712063155613,"score_spread":0.15259157171029183,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3171596078","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9976541,0.00054545054,0.0013364438,0.0001395213,0.00007130347,0.00008370352,0.000012798098,0.000007971234,0.00014871365],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99954593,0.000008988132,0.00033842592,0.000014863265,0.000044759774,0.0000020946463,0.0000011232344,0.000029567685,0.00001425461],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99930745,0.000024902667,0.00024723745,0.00007399836,0.00013700075,0.00020943444],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99935323,0.00017862793,0.000051417963,0.00016325306,0.00008441425,0.00016908562],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00030638668,0.00013825273,0.00028412527,0.00004889379,0.000053339652,0.000045780318,0.00017022341,0.000050598475,0.0000057286584],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000088025714,0.00008967969,0.00005105479,0.0001443819,0.000057095258,0.00005711687,0.000017300863,0.00037920874,1.1632427e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000202504,0.0000036114557,0.000070143986,0.0001965388,0.00008600239,0.000013969565,0.00021063561,0.72197825,0.2771173,0.00021783786,0.000010954524,0.00007449821],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00024603843,0.00015056998,0.000039619637,0.0004096535,0.000047579437,0.00007248442,0.0000073842325,0.70990586,0.28901973,0.0000068123986,0.000015959753,0.00007829613],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00033261528,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005361989,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.012072371,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006215074,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00011173897,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.36570317},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3176458218","doi":"10.1002/wer.1604","title":"Effects of flow velocity and bubble size distribution on oxygen mass transfer in bubble column reactors—A critical evaluation of the computational fluid dynamics‐population balance model","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Environment Research","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"A&L Canada Laboratories (Canada); Western University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Bubble; Mechanics; Coalescence (physics); Computational fluid dynamics; Mass transfer; Bubble column reactor; Breakup; Mass transfer coefficient; Population; Drag; Two-fluid model; Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Physics","score_opus":0.015733994720769893,"score_gpt":0.2585463703637675,"score_spread":0.2428123756429976,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3176458218","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9677257,0.00006841803,0.03161145,0.00013562125,0.00003770065,0.0003042213,0.000060915427,0.000005995763,0.00004996687],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99904436,0.000047437432,0.0006218062,0.0000030319195,0.000008321445,0.0000367671,0.00020119785,0.000012362851,0.000024697554],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984819,0.00019834367,0.0002061676,0.00017624456,0.00072735094,0.0002099855],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99954957,0.00021123678,0.000006040938,0.00014088448,0.00005861858,0.000033630626],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008916057,0.000081304686,0.00012802356,0.000028103666,0.0000533391,0.000014873825,0.00006762661,0.0000732573,0.000019216493],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009240334,0.0000670025,0.000030596333,0.00008409514,0.00007138644,0.00006731929,0.000042462685,0.00017647095,0.0000017830444],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016149255,0.0000699577,0.0025172513,0.00016958042,0.0000103452785,9.683214e-7,0.00014815567,0.82501227,0.17081025,0.0007644219,0.000007666866,0.00047295925],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00040911115,0.000020990405,0.11298319,0.00005383329,0.000010481229,4.3394272e-7,0.000010365629,0.83674306,0.046671975,0.0030379787,0.000002721375,0.00005586527],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000047653935,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000027019063,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12413828,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00045483146,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000020334446,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.27322826},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3177173110","doi":"10.1002/aic.17360","title":"Which impeller should be chosen for efficient solid–liquid mixing in the laminar and transitional regime?","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AIChE Journal","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Compute Canada","keywords":"Impeller; Laminar flow; Mixing (physics); Mechanics; Reynolds number; Viscosity; Materials science; Viscous liquid; Agitator; Turbine; Ribbon; Slip factor; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Turbulence; Physics; Composite material","score_opus":0.01726714038696327,"score_gpt":0.2516149665407752,"score_spread":0.23434782615381192,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3177173110","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95858955,0.0018220401,0.030802967,0.0067142635,0.00040967955,0.00012897678,0.000014497825,0.00002314459,0.0014948857],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973217,0.00030037656,0.0015708719,0.0004354259,0.00024246496,0.000007915875,0.000008865687,0.000024222962,0.00008811184],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.999236,0.00003376637,0.00021032896,0.00010651913,0.0001644882,0.00024893726],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99964195,0.00011110156,0.000021114054,0.00009526114,0.000076766526,0.00005377596],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005684208,0.00010602902,0.00012785025,0.000061583814,0.00012928831,0.00008759464,0.00009282631,0.00007091854,0.000023868084],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000041562238,0.00008475742,0.00006127582,0.00015089256,0.000013732102,0.000060305498,0.000014018006,0.00035220035,0.0000011396497],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00021421807,0.0002957139,0.0003324725,0.00036124807,0.00035903326,0.00040723215,0.024884483,0.57356966,0.3598424,0.009873236,0.024969999,0.0048903488],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00207443,0.00014052005,0.0032710326,0.00025181373,0.000083320476,0.002103433,0.002654553,0.9592125,0.006888049,0.00075490517,0.022110617,0.00045485262],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002750515,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008238253,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.38564283,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004360262,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000042745087,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3456307},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3177423355","doi":"10.1002/cjce.24220","title":"Computational modelling of mixing tanks for bioprocesses: Developing a comprehensive workflow","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Mixing (physics); Workflow; Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations; Computational fluid dynamics; Impeller; Turbulence; Closure (psychology); Computer science; Flow (mathematics); Simulation; Mechanics; Mechanical engineering; Process engineering; Engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.017461918036752136,"score_gpt":0.19515275999357254,"score_spread":0.1776908419568204,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3177423355","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.31604773,0.0020858585,0.6812837,0.00013856732,0.00034014584,0.0000498656,0.0000118758335,0.000014005592,0.000028259672],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.912973,0.00000918028,0.08683144,0.000033233013,0.00011122016,0.0000020803818,0.0000064855876,0.000029957173,0.0000034388545],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99920064,0.0000036595554,0.00036574644,0.0000690628,0.000117678865,0.00024322847],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991443,0.00018567951,0.000056650395,0.00007499152,0.00038381055,0.00015452682],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000109338114,0.00011819048,0.0002297293,0.00010851797,0.000047469865,0.000041350268,0.00016920852,0.00006473469,0.0000041936596],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006996422,0.00011080881,0.00010146884,0.00022642882,0.000026064092,0.00007312818,0.000009747237,0.00021840978,2.9479824e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000021257677,0.0000012718933,0.0000063377033,0.00017250254,0.00007200251,0.000013504798,0.00021236215,0.97216994,0.025204182,0.0016988015,0.000038714436,0.00040826242],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00021123992,0.000004825265,0.00000529203,0.00033980765,0.00002221264,0.00011457117,0.000026802772,0.9611177,0.036215864,0.0013675179,0.00044721493,0.00012699325],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004427497,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003323066,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.59692526,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016648187,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004062863,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.45186523},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3184038911","doi":"10.1002/cjce.24258","title":"An investigation on the bubbly flow of a <scp>Venturi</scp> channel based on the population balance model","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Venturi effect; Mechanics; Bubble; Turbulence; Breakup; Dimensionless quantity; Pressure drop; Population; Drop (telecommunication); Physics; Materials science; Inlet; Engineering; Mechanical engineering","score_opus":0.009971097823344181,"score_gpt":0.1672004174622858,"score_spread":0.15722931963894163,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3184038911","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9918183,0.00012931584,0.0067324503,0.00091807666,0.00019785362,0.0000680074,0.000015059584,0.000015902493,0.00010504089],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99908537,0.0000029709634,0.0004788831,0.00025963288,0.00012588278,0.0000034575073,0.000008267356,0.000028686429,0.0000068597383],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99927557,0.000021067795,0.0002363198,0.00006961741,0.00019358334,0.0002038362],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99924123,0.00022119113,0.000056254823,0.0002287494,0.00007733563,0.00017526167],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003296231,0.0001221817,0.00013522002,0.000071304225,0.000061199105,0.000045815123,0.00025158853,0.00006378574,0.0000040428704],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00029038647,0.00007665294,0.000078124634,0.00018875736,0.000024776777,0.00006243392,0.0000051666957,0.00039730125,7.7330986e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[9.4681025e-7,0.0000027011781,0.000025015803,0.000015590322,0.000015146713,0.0000042303204,0.00025630783,0.9401962,0.057045702,0.0022242642,0.00015297363,0.00006092908],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009142418,0.000013132426,0.00017292313,0.000153261,0.000012386541,0.000009296328,0.000019367071,0.9441531,0.054660145,0.0006518267,0.000021186042,0.000042006926],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00011365634,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00010065277,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.007267066,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015623018,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012545015,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3125816},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3188548691","doi":"10.2118/208233-ms","title":"Slug Frequency Prediction Model for Fluid Flow in Flowline Bends","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SPE Nigeria Annual International Conference and Exhibition","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Slugging; Choke; Slug flow; Flow (mathematics); Multiphase flow; Dimensionless quantity; Range (aeronautics); Mechanics; Two-phase flow; Computer science; Engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.016127593264405205,"score_gpt":0.24232624667347782,"score_spread":0.2261986534090726,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3188548691","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5544594,0.00022925217,0.43420973,0.00056482025,0.0012561731,0.00017829316,0.0014460696,0.00012756932,0.0075286725],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9917297,0.00047966014,0.005895434,0.000063831234,0.00020374966,0.000041649473,0.0011650063,0.000016667565,0.0004043291],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992882,0.0000080825375,0.00023557975,0.00019714869,0.00011625142,0.0001547183],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996094,0.000014680497,0.000017336128,0.000075259835,0.00023811181,0.000045218258],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000094217015,0.00011355038,0.00011683608,0.0000997425,0.000037661495,0.00006512435,0.00005796161,0.00008692375,0.00012594687],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000029782494,0.00013046541,0.000040003,0.00006674824,0.000016621605,0.00034938,0.000021828773,0.0000934323,0.0000046795276],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000110523724,0.00015932234,0.001920361,0.00019619551,0.0001303626,0.000040810723,0.0040476182,0.32301056,0.5347288,0.112698525,0.0034979288,0.019458942],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004291212,0.000023005692,0.0005077096,0.00007286969,0.0000044395047,0.000009514099,0.00021979999,0.98169094,0.0021996335,0.014502627,0.00021485695,0.00012550311],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000011379216,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00027389437,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6586804,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000071994546,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000042814856,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.53202254},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3196316717","doi":"10.3390/en14185665","title":"A Two-Parameter Model for Water-Lubricated Pipeline Transportation of Unconventional Crudes","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Energies","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"King Faisal University; Deanship of Scientific Research, King Faisal University; Cranfield University","keywords":"Petroleum engineering; Pipeline transport; Range (aeronautics); Reliability (semiconductor); Current (fluid); Pipeline (software); Flow (mathematics); Mean squared error; Volumetric flow rate; Coefficient of determination; Environmental science; Mechanics; Mathematics; Materials science; Thermodynamics; Geology; Engineering; Statistics; Mechanical engineering; Environmental engineering","score_opus":0.013146941356343263,"score_gpt":0.22264446663827117,"score_spread":0.20949752528192792,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3196316717","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7713294,0.00020244384,0.22805062,0.000024406634,0.00010116614,0.00003192594,0.000050277893,0.000055186818,0.00015458891],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9806734,0.00003251927,0.018204773,0.000011021524,0.00002208794,0.00002020871,0.00029161852,0.000016174961,0.00072824693],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99959934,0.0000031370303,0.00016077307,0.000078390156,0.000058223235,0.000100135134],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998059,0.000028837308,0.00001010792,0.00007140027,0.000068460155,0.000015275462],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000036637506,0.00006324057,0.00009926471,0.000033677858,0.000016324222,0.000008614521,0.000035017554,0.000026116863,0.000019580593],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000008039003,0.0000562067,0.00006905762,0.000043566266,0.000010851075,0.000055108936,0.0000030963974,0.000025151008,9.839492e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000039773827,0.0000096977865,0.000019481111,0.00004802504,0.000017833461,7.669843e-7,0.00016219709,0.75525105,0.23929028,0.004790096,0.0001113532,0.0002952549],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00018719035,0.0000039880915,0.00005554433,0.0000145728645,0.000013996774,4.7102532e-7,0.000024180614,0.76434773,0.23329502,0.0018580285,0.00014125752,0.000058040336],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000011256834,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007539301,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.20984584,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001101357,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001121388,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.22920427},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3197565631","doi":"10.1002/cjce.24312","title":"An experimental study on the effect of gas injection configuration on flow characteristics in high viscosity oil columns","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","keywords":"Bubble; Nozzle; Volumetric flow rate; Viscosity; Materials science; Slug flow; Mechanics; Pressure drop; Superficial velocity; Wet gas; Flow (mathematics); Gas bubble; Two-phase flow; Chemistry; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Thermodynamics; Composite material; Chromatography; Physics","score_opus":0.004419164495931632,"score_gpt":0.18871541804566028,"score_spread":0.18429625354972864,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3197565631","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9992968,0.000038333666,0.00013510269,0.000052259762,0.00034881715,0.00005876289,0.0000065970917,0.000008430898,0.000054909127],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99982727,0.0000011604399,0.000019915939,0.000014281431,0.00010814636,0.000004281918,0.0000037106195,0.000018727633,0.0000025233066],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99937344,0.00003973342,0.0002443808,0.00006289499,0.00013131526,0.00014826622],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995648,0.00011415315,0.00003972941,0.00013775153,0.00003448554,0.00010903736],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00028771197,0.000108177665,0.00018760205,0.00007777011,0.000036300225,0.000042567583,0.00012749956,0.000046936297,0.000014379823],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009616931,0.000079838646,0.00004357452,0.0001293049,0.000015437314,0.00005068856,0.000004584759,0.00035223432,8.666247e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002786708,0.000036036654,0.0004363155,0.000022585915,0.00004055213,0.000057574205,0.0007451425,0.29926962,0.69853705,0.00018111824,0.000019407415,0.0006267174],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00050298235,0.0005541803,0.0026360832,0.00015532752,0.000020326894,0.00003876985,0.00008800295,0.2713536,0.7245163,0.0000043135306,0.000011763293,0.000118413336],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003414408,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00031897833,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.027916038,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00028525863,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000054361546,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.32557255},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3198774958","doi":"10.82308/39140","title":"Analysis of bubble size distributions using the McGill bubble size analyser","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"eScholarship@McGill (McGill)","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Analyser; Physics; Mechanics; Optics","score_opus":0.012826156968831506,"score_gpt":0.22299884397909794,"score_spread":0.21017268701026642,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3198774958","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.986888,0.00024897006,0.00021657921,0.000043662472,0.00038893256,0.00032539925,0.0051057655,0.0003479605,0.006434751],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99586797,0.00013331334,0.0033764052,0.00013233679,0.00002836463,0.000030097855,0.00008647184,0.0001178269,0.00022719114],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9967261,0.00012694646,0.0009879875,0.00063633895,0.0006270424,0.00089557236],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9974789,0.0005311359,0.00022194539,0.0011452487,0.0003238049,0.00029895562],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00084922696,0.0005623033,0.00086194393,0.0003580398,0.0011986392,0.00006257235,0.0007210235,0.00030359847,0.00022328211],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007226982,0.0005070469,0.0007813474,0.0035429809,0.00013768156,0.00060011534,0.00024890617,0.00077129813,0.000041074938],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000023570696,0.00017815262,0.0002975724,0.000082737286,0.0027935144,0.000034132907,0.000010009069,0.6535605,0.26682907,0.07367667,0.0000038808384,0.0025101942],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0074375076,0.00040361081,0.025077848,0.0007836609,0.020871816,0.00016845654,0.0008483583,0.38784614,0.42354298,0.061723903,0.06475707,0.006538658],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001255963,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001276414,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.26571435,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0010843787,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003187078,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997381},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3199696060","doi":"10.1115/gt2021-58988","title":"Numerical Investigation of Air-Oil Two-Phase Flow Pattern Transition in the Scavenge Line of an Aeroengine","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"","keywords":"Turbulence; Mechanics; Volume of fluid method; Flow (mathematics); Two-phase flow; Fluent; Airflow; Computational fluid dynamics; Environmental science; Materials science; Petroleum engineering; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.009517215802966696,"score_gpt":0.22743334350054106,"score_spread":0.21791612769757437,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3199696060","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.87030804,0.00006922703,0.12911014,0.00018186349,0.00005004433,0.000030215857,0.000012787273,0.0000256026,0.00021209914],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99661183,0.000020154763,0.0031183497,0.0000887992,0.000032317086,0.000004413838,0.00010681702,0.000011349352,0.000005939786],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99949276,0.00003433084,0.00021186686,0.00007667414,0.00009854992,0.0000858398],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99976534,0.00002490138,0.000013569038,0.00013717079,0.00003263185,0.000026401616],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013042038,0.00006663114,0.00011669347,0.000044842618,0.0000082740635,0.0000043762057,0.000053919048,0.00003044937,0.000028135843],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000073395963,0.00005589711,0.000032837692,0.00019986038,0.000013229059,0.00007875599,0.000003835389,0.00008264604,8.7525245e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000629976,0.000114450806,0.00008732599,0.0001717212,0.000014589468,0.000018000002,0.0021780313,0.7555302,0.20184544,0.0002595437,0.000019676749,0.03975473],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00062579266,0.00004604848,0.00060534367,0.00003946001,0.0000078165085,0.0000059928534,0.00011914579,0.950582,0.047842905,0.00005986472,0.000009321636,0.000056263063],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008109736,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00017945163,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.19505186,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000013154958,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001081026,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.22794181},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3200824921","doi":"10.32393/csme.2021.9","title":"Mechanics Of Bubbles In A Yield Stress Fluid","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Progress in Canadian Mechanical Engineering. Volume 4","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Institute for Oil Sands Innovation, University of Alberta; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada's Oil Sands Innovation Alliance","keywords":"Stress (linguistics); Mechanics; Yield (engineering); Fluid mechanics; Materials science; Physics; Composite material; Philosophy","score_opus":0.0060998506222166345,"score_gpt":0.19031062694769782,"score_spread":0.1842107763254812,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3200824921","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9220603,0.029367449,0.039485954,0.0009989184,0.004038766,0.0011917183,0.0006187505,0.0007515343,0.001486628],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9956638,0.0001679178,0.003912624,0.00002959673,0.00004272617,0.000057568348,0.000024341101,0.000071349605,0.000030080648],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983044,0.000014128201,0.00045963124,0.00028187243,0.00018837079,0.00075155986],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99917346,0.000051355175,0.000026464339,0.00033083165,0.00005561531,0.0003622596],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024036101,0.0002278442,0.00037428766,0.00039776808,0.00001513838,0.000032426953,0.00026812401,0.00024492192,0.00010183143],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020645147,0.0002910814,0.00007515453,0.0006793731,0.000012250002,0.00008794406,0.000056841673,0.0003851725,0.0000068566546],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000022179463,0.00026671172,0.02535438,0.0023325812,0.00020727933,0.0028434077,0.00064282306,0.72033286,0.021211686,0.19037901,0.0006321581,0.0357749],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002554185,0.000023576777,0.0010296983,0.0003783287,0.0000073805404,0.000014455506,0.00003620389,0.9908316,0.005133834,0.00027548187,0.0016965723,0.00031743082],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009467203,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.2560843,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.27049872,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00039029916,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022644932,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999541},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3203270294","doi":"10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2021.110527","title":"Experimental investigation of gas-liquid separation with a new combined impacting junction","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Separation (statistics); Materials science; Mechanics; Nuclear engineering; Environmental science; Computer science; Physics","score_opus":0.0111722663915739,"score_gpt":0.24051716836459067,"score_spread":0.22934490197301677,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3203270294","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9960404,0.0010328651,0.0008453292,0.000018636867,0.00019054912,0.000084665524,9.2207694e-7,0.00005690686,0.001729713],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99882793,0.000008018103,0.0010323938,0.00003066326,0.000038661066,0.0000062704876,0.0000056050703,0.000011923084,0.000038521597],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99927187,0.000009608734,0.00014771642,0.00018727146,0.00020885293,0.0001746876],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999707,0.000008667551,0.000027696848,0.00010595777,0.000033291413,0.00011739182],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010181939,0.00011244736,0.00010600799,0.000054988897,0.00013718638,0.00005927031,0.000067048815,0.000025971813,0.00003822742],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000004790476,0.000100402896,0.000019544217,0.00028163358,0.00017118352,0.00049321307,0.000043655906,0.000051087067,0.0000022304343],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000046271092,0.000016871207,0.00018806262,0.0000054478546,0.000006092446,0.000001843942,0.002365094,0.0011166402,0.99535537,0.00073417433,0.000013254043,0.00015090946],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00040636119,0.0003055334,0.0007805419,0.000029706287,0.0000029831604,0.000022038636,0.0012720185,0.04988276,0.9471621,0.000009943808,0.000007481247,0.00011853859],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000048357106,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000023546856,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.048766118,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007566307,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007535784,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.40943113},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3205702922","doi":"10.1115/omae2021-62513","title":"Void Fraction, Pressure Drop, and Flow Pattern Behavior for Two-Phase Non-Newtonian Slug Flow","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Volume 10: Petroleum Technology","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Slug flow; Pressure drop; Mechanics; Two-phase flow; Isothermal flow; Flow coefficient; Flow (mathematics); Newtonian fluid; Open-channel flow; Intermittency; Materials science; Pipe flow; Pressure gradient; Thermodynamics; Physics; Turbulence","score_opus":0.003985912165723685,"score_gpt":0.223371404936652,"score_spread":0.2193854927709283,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3205702922","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.551612,0.0019614273,0.44294077,0.0007224121,0.0008722987,0.00031543765,0.00031817233,0.0010086437,0.0002488123],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98027813,0.000108502616,0.015900366,0.00005307643,0.00018576537,0.00037695732,0.0001383038,0.00012258936,0.0028363254],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99855936,0.000011506239,0.0003151315,0.0004688833,0.00011905762,0.0005260949],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99918693,0.00002145737,0.00004756122,0.0005265386,0.00011750887,0.0001000035],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009162026,0.00028548922,0.0003798931,0.00030710708,0.00015205148,0.00007123071,0.00021021585,0.00038933713,0.00021784089],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004218627,0.0003358408,0.00009619023,0.00023330518,0.00007771917,0.0001348892,0.00011467668,0.0003984525,0.000053872667],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004507165,0.00045432095,0.012048707,0.00052133715,0.00044100598,0.00034697333,0.00014494323,0.028249612,0.38260806,0.00016998002,0.012571889,0.5623981],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0018833982,0.0001471271,0.0005767892,0.000033195614,0.00012136673,0.000117525575,0.000103202,0.9202203,0.0067789927,0.0001298848,0.06954189,0.00034629513],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000048585713,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00027144124,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.89197075,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000069882975,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000040475374,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99990934},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3209456487","doi":"10.32920/ryerson.14664351.v1","title":"Solid-Liquid Mixing In Agitated Tanks : Experimental And CFD Analysis","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Impeller; Computational fluid dynamics; Mixing (physics); Materials science; Agitator; Turbulence; Mechanics; Rotational speed; Rushton turbine; Homogeneity (statistics); Slip factor; Multiphase flow; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Computer science; Physics","score_opus":0.008204425966108255,"score_gpt":0.25753776928178684,"score_spread":0.24933334331567858,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3209456487","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97376823,0.0029645592,0.018033968,0.000011854622,0.00047275287,0.00010783521,0.0000102636495,0.00017961861,0.0044509303],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9967547,0.00019403257,0.00261238,0.00002591766,0.000029559116,0.000028784249,0.00015396149,0.00004165844,0.00015902941],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99882376,0.000020152824,0.00034446744,0.00039268433,0.00011761229,0.0003013183],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995403,0.000032882563,0.000026192121,0.00029443268,0.000028205957,0.000077973855],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012562175,0.00026751272,0.0004832044,0.0005566007,0.000026462943,0.0001559652,0.00012077922,0.00022542196,0.0001499361],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000127478825,0.00029948773,0.00014748694,0.00044565665,0.000018809465,0.00006801908,0.00045117812,0.00039411578,0.0000021302346],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013408729,0.00007086127,0.0010914807,0.0002551907,0.0017311467,0.00021590505,0.003693016,0.8283656,0.16361329,0.00041500444,0.0000666092,0.0004684889],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00019529031,0.000012299299,0.0006882405,0.00009749938,0.00012718778,0.0000034960642,0.0013410785,0.97852516,0.018534966,0.000021700387,0.00002199816,0.0004310699],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00022277255,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003172825,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.15015957,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014768861,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000022387214,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999457},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3209904478","doi":"10.32920/ryerson.14665215.v1","title":"CFD Investigation Of Mixing Of Yield-Pseudoplastic Fluid With Anchor Impeller","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Impeller; Agitator; Computational fluid dynamics; Slip factor; Mechanics; Shear thinning; Mixing (physics); Materials science; Mechanical engineering; Rheology; Engineering; Physics; Composite material","score_opus":0.010561146564954247,"score_gpt":0.18266487222239902,"score_spread":0.17210372565744478,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3209904478","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.91309637,0.000549833,0.082362294,0.000011733165,0.00049275596,0.0001617472,0.000013726775,0.000086758795,0.0032247705],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98602396,0.00014886599,0.013512739,0.000009744411,0.00004985562,0.000012227562,0.00005318026,0.00005030068,0.00013912513],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99897456,0.00001040899,0.00041834547,0.00023347222,0.00019164245,0.00017157414],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992628,0.00007933306,0.00009025809,0.00036759363,0.00013706557,0.000062915344],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000105214254,0.00022720214,0.00041184988,0.0001417006,0.000013555239,0.000024389781,0.00014556172,0.00020149372,0.000102665654],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003788982,0.00021047474,0.0000873276,0.00014972777,0.000043465734,0.00005895763,0.00015568051,0.0002875075,0.0000017089864],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009908857,0.000014612574,0.0023415575,0.0025382712,0.00026508127,0.000009122253,0.0009463008,0.51247185,0.47984713,0.00060009473,0.0003675353,0.0005885064],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003087432,0.00006104194,0.0050387047,0.0024688917,0.00013438913,0.000010697257,0.00025187552,0.7362558,0.25470236,0.00021350902,0.000020458892,0.0005335208],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00015123375,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00011606085,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.22514476,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000042576437,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010129363,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8582911},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3213107828","doi":"10.32920/ryerson.14661054.v1","title":"Dynamic &amp; CFD modeling of a continuous-flow mixer using fluids with yield stress","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Impeller; Computational fluid dynamics; Materials science; Mechanics; Volumetric flow rate; Mixing (physics); Agitator; Turbulence; Flow (mathematics); Rheology; Fluent; Shear thinning; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Composite material; Physics","score_opus":0.01696095756473477,"score_gpt":0.22048954323088096,"score_spread":0.20352858566614618,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3213107828","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.47833025,0.00085300603,0.5187948,0.000005094241,0.00034569477,0.00015220222,0.000049228347,0.00015087464,0.0013188805],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8396506,0.00021162113,0.15954268,0.000011613511,0.00003894202,0.0000141151195,0.00015172394,0.00012598485,0.00025278208],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983034,0.00001736985,0.0005315092,0.00046283624,0.00028535989,0.0003994892],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99887025,0.000041538675,0.00006498164,0.00072515046,0.00020472083,0.00009332873],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001328464,0.00044671673,0.0007136016,0.00018727178,0.00004159893,0.000121885634,0.00028494973,0.00037475224,0.000109287605],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000021296626,0.00042953796,0.00018973176,0.00014973858,0.00003177442,0.00008796436,0.00036263338,0.00064734655,0.0000020991413],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000074821683,0.000025604208,0.00016863621,0.00077069504,0.00023818418,0.0000135534865,0.00035329728,0.97916424,0.01878055,0.00004733884,0.000012156666,0.0004182413],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001855924,0.00001006336,0.00001365525,0.0017857678,0.0001116424,0.000013775861,0.00027886633,0.9965049,0.0005359229,0.000043863358,0.000009160109,0.00050679577],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008453679,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001694377,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3613203,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014340607,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000116949515,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99981564},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3215389092","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2021.103902","title":"CFD modeling of the hydrodynamic characteristics of a bubble column in different flow regimes","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Bubble; Mechanics; Turbulence; Computational fluid dynamics; Flow (mathematics); Work (physics); Inlet; Population; Multiphase flow; Materials science; Physics; Thermodynamics; Geology","score_opus":0.006911515998311749,"score_gpt":0.21536908364412471,"score_spread":0.20845756764581297,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3215389092","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9515836,0.00024440498,0.04643287,0.00011674982,0.0013751246,0.000043582946,0.00007151963,0.000004734384,0.00012740532],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9950229,0.00018864305,0.004550903,0.000015398897,0.00013364955,0.0000011738547,0.000009237273,0.000017125609,0.00006096324],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987886,0.00002698462,0.00064661517,0.00007194413,0.00035884764,0.00010700169],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992148,0.00006823674,0.00017052515,0.00012656846,0.00038359704,0.00003623603],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014208244,0.000104786915,0.00026606134,0.00013707842,0.000012052394,0.000018642673,0.00030128527,0.000049358234,0.000029643894],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013967055,0.000083732746,0.0001688502,0.000088222216,0.000021184493,0.00008966563,0.000059564965,0.00021104813,6.139294e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004410354,0.00014302053,0.0016364248,0.00003827642,0.00014707293,0.00006396078,0.00031606897,0.9420446,0.050805666,0.00006771337,0.00003104445,0.004662048],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009906284,0.000016096174,0.0017148198,0.00045356463,0.00001838842,0.00006083955,0.000045830064,0.9920017,0.0044472646,0.00012817238,0.000050359857,0.00007230576],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000017069064,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000052701413,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.04995713,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012430725,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006258707,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.34145224},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3216991710","doi":"10.1016/j.cherd.2021.11.032","title":"Using tomography to examine the distribution of poly-disperse solid particles in Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids with the coaxial impellers","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Process Safety and Environmental Protection","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Impeller; Coaxial; Materials science; Rotational speed; Newtonian fluid; Non-Newtonian fluid; Carboxymethyl cellulose; Agitator; Mechanics; Particle (ecology); Critical speed; Mechanical engineering; Physics; Engineering","score_opus":0.005753567492451712,"score_gpt":0.18732257107719705,"score_spread":0.18156900358474534,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3216991710","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8860017,0.00040262222,0.11302254,0.00023599301,0.000023501214,0.00026178433,0.00002177561,0.000011080025,0.000018998095],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99959296,0.00017743553,0.0001419154,0.000016388949,0.00001897004,0.000022180433,0.000013728859,0.000011914956,0.0000044957424],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99947757,0.000018170796,0.00012988632,0.00013883757,0.00009019365,0.00014534307],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99984217,0.000009451796,0.000021116,0.00008341188,0.00000414265,0.00003971577],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010633794,0.0001017106,0.00009519324,0.000023620845,0.00015341312,0.000022681717,0.00003588711,0.000038083734,0.0000037658301],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000034371667,0.000070418115,0.000016615477,0.00017132676,0.00009591288,0.0001001999,0.000030740302,0.00010779588,3.1141315e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00028627945,0.00007109325,0.007351966,0.0002207487,0.00006029733,0.0000054752104,0.0046172095,0.28625655,0.675871,0.000026582888,0.0000019488539,0.02523083],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005574166,0.000106972715,0.05858056,0.00008357973,0.000028936793,0.000040086314,0.0036033469,0.8984046,0.038262382,0.000042975553,0.00012141526,0.00016775317],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010398357,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001749773,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.63760865,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004795523,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000065806707,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.28715676},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4200349844","doi":"10.1016/j.jnnfm.2021.104700","title":"Bubbles rising through a layer of Carbopol capped with water","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Syncrude","keywords":"Bubble; Breakup; Mechanics; Water column; Electrical conduit; Break-Up; Geology; Physics; Oceanography","score_opus":0.0074604644447523755,"score_gpt":0.20482401908458242,"score_spread":0.19736355463983005,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4200349844","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7287507,0.0013017807,0.26742488,0.00020113072,0.0009137856,0.000100223195,0.0000122488445,0.000036012607,0.0012592094],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.964216,0.00052051846,0.034805413,0.00007200949,0.00018738155,0.0000014405782,0.0000035196524,0.00007810828,0.00011563516],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984817,0.00002724254,0.0006060327,0.00014045103,0.00037370925,0.00037084732],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999118,0.000030664,0.00011785708,0.00025628248,0.00036018746,0.00011704692],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002692982,0.00022691488,0.000491828,0.000120706725,0.000056095883,0.000048216836,0.00020005979,0.00012534251,0.000049801714],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000019385488,0.0001673802,0.00017327328,0.00020709241,0.0000161684,0.00025212127,0.00005351634,0.00032662507,0.00000582664],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003430574,0.000043824642,0.000023179387,0.00014739092,0.00023940658,0.00031212412,0.0012819509,0.031530526,0.9648079,0.0007248523,0.0003283314,0.0005261734],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001062209,0.00019950986,0.000019854553,0.0004376041,0.00014307268,0.0006415132,0.00052546064,0.31212044,0.68147147,0.0009789794,0.0021240967,0.00027579424],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002168274,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000039533777,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.28333646,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011419562,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013998039,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6825567},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4200505173","doi":"10.22541/au.163976188.84584420/v1","title":"A sliding-window based signal processing method for characterizing clusters in gas-solids high-density CFB reactor","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"SIGNAL (programming language); Sliding window protocol; Bisection method; Mechanics; Window (computing); Materials science; Constant (computer programming); Standard deviation; Particle (ecology); Analytical Chemistry (journal); Biological system; Control theory (sociology); Mathematics; Algorithm; Physics; Chromatography; Chemistry; Computer science; Statistics","score_opus":0.015529856878816738,"score_gpt":0.24684487721910606,"score_spread":0.2313150203402893,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4200505173","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.29525802,0.00012796611,0.7025333,0.00019520201,0.0006607622,0.00060565583,0.00003764489,0.00035563577,0.00022584424],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7452946,0.000022667155,0.2534838,0.00024308992,0.0002441432,0.00017405975,0.00034818586,0.00014407039,0.00004540167],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99753904,0.000083465195,0.00067138666,0.0007762873,0.0002581927,0.00067164196],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989164,0.0002300538,0.00013446966,0.00042467235,0.00014800357,0.00014644071],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008335649,0.0005696343,0.0008827183,0.0003751134,0.00007855078,0.00040139194,0.0003198908,0.00054054416,0.00004374177],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006236663,0.0006302974,0.00028861393,0.00021733042,0.000013762286,0.00019396747,0.00030916947,0.0009295445,0.0000019411473],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011211124,0.00013387352,0.00059025263,0.0069686947,0.00023652565,0.00014415203,0.0016378424,0.17344503,0.7541754,0.0002828712,0.00014143082,0.06213182],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006698337,0.000018338435,0.0010175653,0.0011150928,0.00006374143,0.000007183842,0.00013393036,0.96990436,0.026147025,0.00008656442,0.00013112146,0.00070526276],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00032582393,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00035507543,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7964593,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00049218215,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000244436,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99961483},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4200518009","doi":"10.1016/j.bej.2021.108298","title":"Mathematical and numerical modeling of an airlift perfusion bioreactor for tissue engineering applications","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biochemical Engineering Journal","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"","keywords":"Bioreactor; Airlift; Computational fluid dynamics; Biochemical engineering; Fluid dynamics; Process engineering; Biological system; Mathematical model; Process (computing); Computer science; Mechanics; Materials science; Engineering; Chemistry; Mathematics; Physics; Biology","score_opus":0.005867024270971769,"score_gpt":0.20741481178357318,"score_spread":0.2015477875126014,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4200518009","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.23521847,0.0009289828,0.7635152,0.000020198837,0.000096114716,0.00009255398,0.000013092775,0.000095241056,0.000020207799],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8314704,0.000077488025,0.16808447,0.0000046644077,0.00025711145,0.000024626037,0.000018697147,0.000057819285,0.000004750725],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99905384,0.0000037355976,0.0003721883,0.00016437026,0.0001383349,0.00026752122],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994162,0.00007093425,0.000025222307,0.00015792328,0.000093800416,0.00023597003],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013033896,0.0001780131,0.0002580875,0.000089005094,0.00003989426,0.000049320035,0.00011156899,0.00012932347,0.000012858546],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001050983,0.00018496256,0.00007574728,0.00013589526,0.000010826113,0.00009744956,0.000038380895,0.00025125727,0.0000010957508],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000028323475,0.000030065436,0.0000018749504,0.00021171475,0.000021514094,0.000003961204,0.00004540333,0.2726055,0.72393006,0.0015453561,0.00001619888,0.0015855208],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00023054321,0.000023700079,0.0000069426383,0.000092571376,0.00002500602,0.0002418613,0.00002182051,0.9098978,0.08860901,0.000108079024,0.0005551453,0.00018753696],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":4.283361e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.6713686e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.63729227,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000048450762,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000023167904,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7542554},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4200519437","doi":"10.33774/miir-2021-346g5","title":"Motion of liquid Droplets in gas channels in a SO2 Module","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Mechanics; Materials science; Durability; Flow (mathematics); Dynamics (music); Porosity; Porous medium; Surface (topology); Physics; Composite material; Geometry; Acoustics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.009230122862138035,"score_gpt":0.20511606887172604,"score_spread":0.195885946009588,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4200519437","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96334666,0.0004040723,0.033248354,0.000034829765,0.0005813909,0.00015828753,0.0000051105085,0.000058976322,0.002162307],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979334,0.0003181037,0.001517287,0.000007389439,0.000034695906,0.000029233574,0.000051022536,0.000030255473,0.00007859897],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99919707,0.000015869835,0.00031418318,0.00020422395,0.00009086959,0.00017778114],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996775,0.0000112934395,0.000022888848,0.0002378907,0.00002478958,0.000025686097],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014613147,0.00014569187,0.00029048475,0.00024711376,0.0000037668622,0.000018438894,0.000109632354,0.00020573108,0.00005655646],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000016139213,0.0001691555,0.000063355306,0.00013313729,0.000006632692,0.00004118975,0.00019404787,0.00032385907,0.0000024623034],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000032556627,0.000033044325,0.00014281084,0.0003953291,0.000011555524,0.00002079544,0.0005621561,0.9858774,0.011585938,0.0004362602,0.000013422299,0.0009180287],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00016245422,0.000010611528,0.00062051584,0.00038085622,0.0000027654553,0.0000014294137,0.00006174764,0.99121314,0.0070806034,0.0002947385,0.000010663003,0.00016044237],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006658392,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010170522,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.034586743,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011772722,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000023094268,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6897961},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4200612304","doi":"10.1017/jfm.2021.1055","title":"Flow onset for a single bubble in a yield-stress fluid","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Fluid Mechanics","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Bubble; Mechanics; Buoyancy; Yield (engineering); Dimensionless quantity; Capillary number; Surface tension; Stress (linguistics); Physics; Capillary action; Flow (mathematics); Rotational symmetry; Materials science; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.014625125150418203,"score_gpt":0.2088982134996009,"score_spread":0.1942730883491827,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4200612304","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.46435973,0.0066615962,0.52413803,0.00032235793,0.003459837,0.00023344283,0.00012088577,0.00006890963,0.0006351985],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97496676,0.0006499448,0.023820044,0.0001195807,0.00025223938,0.000007246595,0.000011041284,0.000060257644,0.000112874135],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988959,0.000016404952,0.00049942505,0.00011026666,0.00018781687,0.00029021222],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993494,0.00011329373,0.00006162023,0.0001699148,0.00020237268,0.00010336497],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00033537459,0.00014385956,0.00031292762,0.00015690613,0.00003218566,0.0000537496,0.000159708,0.00011602374,0.000035139175],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00023208822,0.00014856747,0.00017300378,0.0002204893,0.000003731383,0.00014605132,0.000033045748,0.0002217719,0.0000032915093],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000040601008,0.00012870664,0.00001527697,0.00015538139,0.00007325571,0.00028645722,0.00028785862,0.13390583,0.857637,0.001610674,0.0027919249,0.0030670473],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00071659667,0.00014398507,0.000006220037,0.00032682501,0.00003246127,0.00035355904,0.00016978694,0.83620286,0.15725036,0.0015412562,0.0030841376,0.00017193325],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002622015,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006807439,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.70229703,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015566936,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010232944,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.60584056},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4205821411","doi":"10.1016/j.jngse.2021.104406","title":"Gas-liquid vertical pipe flow patterns convolutional neural network classification using experimental advanced wire mesh sensor images","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Convolutional neural network; Computer science; Robustness (evolution); Artificial intelligence; Flow (mathematics); Pattern recognition (psychology); Segmentation; Mathematics","score_opus":0.009378956786828844,"score_gpt":0.22501713669289566,"score_spread":0.21563817990606682,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4205821411","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99082327,0.0018597611,0.005367054,0.000091680355,0.0017424829,0.000057348367,0.0000046081436,0.000040642622,0.000013127153],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99464226,0.000060038965,0.0050007934,0.000034676614,0.00023695095,0.0000026050836,0.0000019094539,0.000017861197,0.0000028983575],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99867237,0.000012268349,0.00028932223,0.00014511684,0.00051299925,0.00036792722],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996053,0.00003389247,0.00004256748,0.0000810032,0.000102412385,0.00013484279],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00037277243,0.0001417754,0.00017152543,0.00016240057,0.00027574002,0.00007492149,0.00019669883,0.000025148885,0.000012771868],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000040757208,0.00013652132,0.00006051749,0.0003382522,0.000065386535,0.0005764681,0.00009027385,0.0004255663,2.679551e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016931745,0.0000055037663,0.00006844728,0.000007692883,0.000006415472,0.000014306841,0.000061183324,0.50360423,0.4956306,0.000057731362,0.000024664867,0.00050229055],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00027049147,0.00010260264,0.0015591441,0.00003661749,0.000010638268,0.00051382405,0.00024080384,0.9875225,0.0094669685,0.000004203542,0.00011296663,0.00015922813],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000001593241,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.5350525e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.48616365,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00037112445,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000048927017,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5567178},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4206580463","doi":"10.1002/cjce.24363","title":"Influence of the droplet trajectory on the resulting droplet deformation and droplet size distribution in high‐pressure homogenizer orifices","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","keywords":"Mechanics; Surface tension; Homogenizer; Body orifice; Breakup; Viscosity; Materials science; Emulsion; Deformation (meteorology); Turbulence; Chemistry; Composite material; Thermodynamics; Physics; Chromatography","score_opus":0.0028329892975942125,"score_gpt":0.14660822605191498,"score_spread":0.14377523675432077,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4206580463","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99883723,0.00033296886,0.00007544772,0.0003829232,0.0001686857,0.00009746406,0.00007872313,0.000009549667,0.000016988046],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99983907,0.0000066571183,0.000027509925,0.000041139116,0.000052863226,0.00000680603,0.000004041243,0.000017671926,0.0000042652227],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99910796,0.000037647875,0.00034357107,0.000065711974,0.00021825082,0.00022683667],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993709,0.00024216557,0.00009428813,0.00016381395,0.000041491065,0.00008738174],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005577972,0.0001169522,0.00015154481,0.0000506068,0.00014188445,0.000032597105,0.000341342,0.000045016353,0.000009335115],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00031537033,0.00007502683,0.00005627633,0.00028626164,0.000050012648,0.00008971807,0.000033212396,0.00067216734,1.8079103e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000067179244,0.0000027058736,0.00026941663,0.000032569875,0.000023979937,0.0000043508103,0.0006856755,0.9086722,0.0892084,0.0009245549,0.00008984585,0.00007956811],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010921021,0.000078499776,0.03114102,0.0004128665,0.00012214543,0.0002966781,0.00039842786,0.89349794,0.06819174,0.00033499362,0.003928048,0.000505525],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010461676,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00032787127,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.030871604,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024727875,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000088014865,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.30595052},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4206596378","doi":"10.1109/tpwrd.2021.3133812","title":"Numerical and Experimental Investigation of the Efficiency of an Oil-Water Gravity Separator at an Electrical Substation","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Hydro-Québec","funders":"","keywords":"Separator (oil production); Inlet; Computational fluid dynamics; Petroleum engineering; Computer simulation; Mechanics; Environmental science; Nuclear engineering; Engineering; Mechanical engineering; Thermodynamics; Physics","score_opus":0.006303827426587366,"score_gpt":0.20556756178406574,"score_spread":0.19926373435747838,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4206596378","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97402334,0.00008350733,0.025557106,0.0000076245415,0.00021176852,0.000040008767,0.000015350824,0.00002796516,0.000033318236],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99963564,0.0000136824065,0.00028062146,0.00002001109,0.000004149206,0.000005373552,0.00000651223,0.00001280543,0.000021223945],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99942005,0.000047606096,0.00016340752,0.00013012557,0.0001319708,0.00010685511],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997167,0.00001953042,0.000016883134,0.00014872733,0.000042901946,0.0000552283],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000508352,0.00008369446,0.00010085033,0.00004741532,0.00007237515,0.00000955376,0.00005005692,0.00005297159,0.000027519101],"category_scores_gemma":[7.55557e-7,0.00006739577,0.000045994762,0.00014330819,0.000047438465,0.00013782848,0.0000010784246,0.00009099199,0.0000015638415],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000021778606,0.00009365993,0.000079655845,0.000011842844,0.000013432253,0.0000014145745,0.0011752478,0.04250878,0.95570964,0.000017173077,0.0000039735874,0.00036337422],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00018039,0.0000878269,0.00085869344,0.000008196643,0.000012863602,0.0000088770585,0.00005499109,0.15006201,0.8486401,0.0000114568375,0.000004468946,0.00007011628],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000024207347,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002139207,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.10755323,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000059712365,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001757285,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.27483195},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4206630673","doi":"10.1002/cjce.24352","title":"Bubble size distribution and gas holdup in bubble columns employing non‐ <scp>Newtonian</scp> liquids: A <scp>CFD</scp> study","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Bubble; Mechanics; Coalescence (physics); Computational fluid dynamics; Breakage; Sparging; Newtonian fluid; Mass transfer; Materials science; Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Physics; Composite material","score_opus":0.004711055725668951,"score_gpt":0.17366782886212548,"score_spread":0.16895677313645652,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4206630673","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99730045,0.0009243484,0.0007722258,0.0000824825,0.0004196543,0.00025503658,0.000051681953,0.000048479807,0.00014562902],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99938536,0.000018441591,0.00021457415,0.000034144854,0.00015728938,0.00003128433,0.000008929436,0.000074369746,0.000075622665],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99820364,0.00003163273,0.00053900183,0.00018730848,0.00031790245,0.0007205194],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986664,0.00042669044,0.000084199426,0.00022146666,0.00006496227,0.00053629564],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007623976,0.0002677689,0.000396896,0.00017173542,0.00020798174,0.00015424473,0.00043840852,0.000090634574,0.0000096369995],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006064194,0.0002773611,0.000100369354,0.00055409764,0.000042333522,0.00016986641,0.000090205875,0.0011092863,0.0000018926336],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000048539646,0.000068168425,0.0049543497,0.00013552712,0.00021292729,0.00051998533,0.006308813,0.843018,0.14148198,0.00023131428,0.002716971,0.00034712485],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0038297467,0.00053966255,0.0098704435,0.00044087658,0.0002253987,0.0011997444,0.0036299243,0.944331,0.018433666,0.00039413656,0.016665293,0.00044010978],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0017325034,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011045709,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12304831,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009670659,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00024941767,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999679},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4206684653","doi":"10.1016/j.cherd.2022.01.013","title":"Detailed study of single bubble behavior and drag correlations in Newtonian and non-Newtonian liquids for the design of bubble columns","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Process Safety and Environmental Protection","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Drag; Drag coefficient; Mechanics; Non-Newtonian fluid; Newtonian fluid; Terminal velocity; Shear thinning; Viscosity; Computational fluid dynamics; Flow (mathematics); Rheology; Thermodynamics; Physics; Materials science","score_opus":0.01038127189314434,"score_gpt":0.19090078111414763,"score_spread":0.1805195092210033,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4206684653","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8731185,0.00028083962,0.124815546,0.000020298556,0.00004045276,0.0016746622,0.000024594172,0.000011546677,0.0000135640885],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99900985,0.00009115322,0.0002474078,0.0000025663498,0.000005772442,0.00059178204,0.000005713846,0.000016240992,0.00002953052],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994542,0.000021611284,0.00020098001,0.000135419,0.0000864678,0.000101326856],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998228,0.00003570519,0.000046897836,0.00006767683,0.0000035940282,0.000023311826],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019268958,0.00008674453,0.00012436438,0.000052795793,0.00025765828,0.000010129219,0.000040480423,0.000032342763,0.000008212427],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000004661272,0.00008536869,0.000012061638,0.00008742999,0.000050406696,0.0000955616,0.000047732356,0.000110920424,5.747639e-8],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00031151588,0.00049686834,0.022653587,0.00020853394,0.00003726087,8.026896e-7,0.005804731,0.8634575,0.10114498,0.0000073580863,9.786976e-7,0.0058758594],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0014116177,0.0010787701,0.05311307,0.000020087235,0.00006371297,0.000011073141,0.005660484,0.9373507,0.001064141,0.000066149536,0.00003351898,0.000126683],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010916366,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00015868717,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12589134,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006238735,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005742761,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3481234},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4210340206","doi":"10.47363/jeast/2021(3)125","title":"Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Phase Separation with Entrance Mixing","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences Technology","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Separator (oil production); Laminar flow; Mechanics; Inlet; Volume of fluid method; Volume fraction; Computer simulation; Mixing (physics); Multiphase flow; Materials science; Thermodynamics; Geology; Physics; Flow (mathematics)","score_opus":0.005806174475550052,"score_gpt":0.2274352088770961,"score_spread":0.22162903440154605,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4210340206","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9056384,0.0013284555,0.09284763,0.00004250134,0.000044157125,0.000019274683,3.7502204e-7,0.000022634673,0.000056569992],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9730844,0.000032838052,0.02685884,0.0000036966446,0.000013426821,0.0000013118075,2.1222398e-7,0.0000044385592,8.3642334e-7],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99961853,0.0000016862472,0.00014913625,0.000067712994,0.00007729313,0.000085618856],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998596,0.000015988364,0.000040294697,0.000032650114,0.000021101034,0.00003039248],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008960058,0.000058408477,0.00012450524,0.00012731674,0.000027950098,0.0000150632795,0.00004369715,0.00003858728,8.602687e-7],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000007137101,0.000050126328,0.000008509142,0.00026460906,0.000086342094,0.00007147857,0.00001132897,0.000094514646,4.5152245e-8],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002862004,0.000006855785,0.00015433488,0.000018452562,0.000009127047,0.0000038989497,0.00012404493,0.039489426,0.95344603,0.0055292537,0.0000024571186,0.0012132303],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00043272428,0.0001496662,0.00014471693,0.000055123364,0.000007795802,0.00020009182,0.00028301685,0.24562879,0.752827,0.00012405629,0.00007311713,0.00007393345],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":1.8833018e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.02712065e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.20613936,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000010554985,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015433754,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.20440923},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4210484565","doi":"10.3390/pr10020275","title":"Gas Dispersion in Non-Newtonian Fluids with Mechanically Agitated Systems: A Review","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Processes","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Mixing (physics); Mechanics; Non-Newtonian fluid; Newtonian fluid; Rheology; Dispersion (optics); Mass transfer; Viscoelasticity; Flow (mathematics); Bubble; Computational fluid dynamics; Process engineering; Materials science; Mechanical engineering; Thermodynamics; Physics; Engineering; Optics","score_opus":0.017074996797525666,"score_gpt":0.2500146058447542,"score_spread":0.23293960904722855,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4210484565","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0000010226988,0.9957408,0.0014438825,0.000010857004,0.00020185279,0.0011507304,0.000037701073,0.00019931211,0.0012138481],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.000005982234,0.9983083,0.0003000416,0.00002593523,0.00003990761,0.000824325,0.00021086422,0.00015236383,0.00013227445],"study_design_codex":"systematic_review","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982648,0.000047378882,0.0006378838,0.00039698582,0.00029465495,0.00035829726],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992901,0.00011431701,0.000106586864,0.00033587313,0.00006608585,0.00008705559],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00029733684,0.0004689767,0.0015211356,0.00020921417,0.000055169126,0.00006659448,0.00041855118,0.00012821078,0.00007193473],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000114877024,0.00036004183,0.00011978292,0.0013209697,0.000013137997,0.00011566716,0.00009234367,0.00048625408,0.00003158073],"study_design_candidate":"systematic_review","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000014918284,0.000022636525,4.3154677e-7,0.8045517,0.0000802851,0.0000716683,0.000033012107,0.00026720605,0.0000016967339,0.000021613858,0.0005376292,0.19441059],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008082123,0.00004402834,3.2229188e-8,0.17654875,0.00026795166,0.000076486234,0.000014335969,0.0044001723,2.4796847e-7,0.0000036801039,0.81816614,0.00039737183],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000031035022,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005151208,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8176285,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00027697248,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00027422947,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99988514},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4214484957","doi":"10.2118/170595-ms","title":"Feasibility and Evaluation of Surfactants and Gas Lift in Combination as Severe Slugging Suppression Method","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Cape Breton University","funders":"","keywords":"Slugging; Gas lift; Lift (data mining); Pulmonary surfactant; Materials science; Volumetric flow rate; Petroleum engineering; Mechanics; Chromatography; Flow (mathematics); Chemistry; Engineering; Physics; Computer science","score_opus":0.026661654170909887,"score_gpt":0.3023378714597156,"score_spread":0.2756762172888057,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4214484957","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9891897,0.00014740712,0.008845586,0.00009229811,0.000030540996,0.00022177343,0.000012652923,0.00004954208,0.0014104852],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981872,0.00029932652,0.001454636,0.000011206792,0.000007976661,0.0000066197636,0.00002271588,0.00000740908,0.0000029192686],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99921644,0.000099969846,0.00020343324,0.00018966125,0.00017551499,0.000114959126],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99962103,0.00008708047,0.000032709682,0.0000937362,0.00011783872,0.000047608588],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011259774,0.00009594628,0.00016419672,0.00007758072,0.000034633726,0.000025470139,0.00002983882,0.00011286841,0.000014006974],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000156015,0.00009385654,0.000012664204,0.00008005576,0.000044335142,0.00024179636,0.00004099801,0.00012792637,5.581468e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014444225,0.00017969642,0.028931664,0.00064122665,0.000018712806,0.000002603458,0.0016632088,0.0022433395,0.3977143,0.045900587,0.00017355598,0.52238667],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0014915639,0.00018683217,0.14004417,0.00036074384,0.000034078086,0.000019950496,0.0002713438,0.74616265,0.0067793294,0.10437942,0.000033589735,0.00023629061],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006173659,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00010299396,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7439193,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000327583,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000136692515,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.38273588},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4214769837","doi":"10.3390/fermentation8030102","title":"Investigating a Stirred Bioreactor: Impact of Evolving Fermentation Broth Pseudoplastic Rheology on Mixing Mechanisms","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Fermentation","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Comisión Nacional de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica","keywords":"Shear thinning; Impeller; Rheology; Bioreactor; Mixing (physics); Fermentation; Computational fluid dynamics; Materials science; Flow (mathematics); Mechanics; Chemistry; Physics; Food science; Composite material","score_opus":0.010058258691645899,"score_gpt":0.2420807323819803,"score_spread":0.2320224736903344,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4214769837","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9737569,0.000024823352,0.024854684,0.000013767771,0.00048311256,0.00027454048,0.00005105175,0.00013658057,0.00040455133],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9964562,0.0000044672583,0.0030603437,0.00003117431,0.000026791047,0.00008046028,0.0002448624,0.00004293993,0.000052736406],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989259,0.00006710262,0.00032702085,0.00018737081,0.00025587765,0.00023672057],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996053,0.00006320936,0.00011657501,0.00012745323,0.000029932471,0.000057521465],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017336047,0.00016447966,0.00017157798,0.00025717347,0.00016594512,0.000027804523,0.000101114,0.00003767152,0.00028063275],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000040011702,0.00018431456,0.00008044037,0.0002701999,0.000020016236,0.00016736159,0.000045539953,0.00016826033,0.000006986914],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000128111815,0.00002809011,0.0013920136,0.000037964106,0.000049787082,0.0000018031785,0.0011039571,0.2150255,0.7800114,0.0013942723,0.00017886974,0.0007635338],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00083140086,0.0005104811,0.06437743,0.000051510164,0.000035431025,0.000014319678,0.00061324413,0.9132606,0.018198125,0.0018697702,0.0000018411204,0.00023586363],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000121144454,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007264559,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7618133,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006225408,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000043377135,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.75161296},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4220780165","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2022.117269","title":"Using wavelet analysis to characterize the transition from bubbling to turbulent fluidization","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Powder Technology","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Science Foundation of China University of Petroleum, Beijing; China Scholarship Council; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Fluidization; Turbulence; Fluidized bed; Mechanics; Void (composites); Bubble; Materials science; Wavelet; Work (physics); Flow (mathematics); Mechanical engineering; Thermodynamics; Engineering; Composite material; Physics; Computer science; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.0147401258399157,"score_gpt":0.2167703078005678,"score_spread":0.2020301819606521,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4220780165","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.71988964,0.000079181395,0.27669582,0.002717587,0.00014375233,0.00014342743,0.00004405594,0.00026876165,0.000017795626],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9949873,0.000008872785,0.004222557,0.0005458069,0.000040257095,0.0000673694,0.00009295417,0.000026634756,0.000008262213],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992677,0.000018109831,0.00017834478,0.00020076006,0.00012168074,0.00021337984],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996269,0.000014347212,0.00001687281,0.0002765169,0.000031645934,0.000033758828],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000104679864,0.00010676446,0.00015720272,0.00059854786,0.00017981355,0.000023478038,0.0002095605,0.00005995152,0.00011119836],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000013164861,0.000104777144,0.00004989789,0.0021441435,0.00000945705,0.000036804457,0.00008356708,0.00017676699,0.000010554202],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005212615,0.000011639054,0.00006381536,0.000003180991,0.00018934124,0.0000065982454,0.0010002463,0.50714207,0.4872122,0.0005776632,0.0000981132,0.0036899352],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000119833116,0.00003048143,0.0008698678,0.0000055085593,0.00018130956,0.000009498788,0.00042528182,0.9819217,0.010759549,0.0003910514,0.0050716507,0.00021429104],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010000317,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003220146,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.47645265,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015528024,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000824041,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4272688},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4225327656","doi":"10.32964/tj21.4.189","title":"Effects of agitator blade scaling on mixing in dissolving tanks","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"TAPPI Journal","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Toronto; FPInnovations","keywords":"Agitator; Scaling; Mixing (physics); Impeller; Mechanics; Engineering; Environmental science; Mechanical engineering; Mathematics; Physics","score_opus":0.002324198699659702,"score_gpt":0.1730142666609811,"score_spread":0.1706900679613214,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4225327656","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9940505,0.00088369474,0.0029373972,0.000031528918,0.0008869145,0.00007311998,0.0000022948157,0.000036179877,0.0010983739],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99919975,0.000049427927,0.00055768545,0.000030332789,0.00008993587,0.0000064499595,9.101835e-7,0.000030546355,0.00003494567],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991333,0.00003971066,0.00027014257,0.00008346854,0.00022289924,0.00025047926],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996707,0.00012525757,0.00005128623,0.00007566063,0.0000132056175,0.00006391671],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003270418,0.0001011229,0.00016655742,0.00022671238,0.000119194025,0.000029560133,0.00014886215,0.000025651008,0.000042979682],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005308634,0.000107527405,0.000069007874,0.00019457821,0.00000965828,0.00007239363,0.000050676084,0.0005655953,0.0000024026542],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002666903,0.00007136341,0.0015906657,0.0001773367,0.000055546752,0.0003133329,0.0020120959,0.7788825,0.207552,0.00067283487,0.0005052855,0.008140343],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0025223373,0.00026630444,0.024141457,0.0009026867,0.000045604098,0.00036510295,0.0010778074,0.94671476,0.019879756,0.0013302126,0.0020798242,0.0006741226],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000061235173,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002200851,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.18767224,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018582286,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001687342,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.438484},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4230841980","doi":"10.32920/ryerson.14663865.v1","title":"Mixing of complex fluids with coaxial mixers composed of two central impellers and an anchor","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Impeller; Coaxial; Shear thinning; Mixing (physics); Turbine; Mechanics; Computational fluid dynamics; Materials science; Rushton turbine; Mechanical engineering; Newtonian fluid; Rheology; Engineering; Composite material; Physics","score_opus":0.014006336879735272,"score_gpt":0.2361130180401627,"score_spread":0.22210668116042742,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4230841980","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95988846,0.00030157602,0.037158918,0.0000082089855,0.00030870503,0.00023214944,0.000071008195,0.00008736153,0.0019435992],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96479756,0.0001339878,0.034697775,0.000010308733,0.000060759623,0.0000035283228,0.00022322654,0.00005545944,0.000017391703],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99873465,0.000029950621,0.00041658196,0.000312176,0.00019336582,0.00031328923],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992972,0.000035997564,0.00007368288,0.00036308874,0.00008975951,0.00014024109],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010148335,0.00029656416,0.00061697623,0.00011627927,0.000026691965,0.000045596855,0.0001855185,0.000134917,0.000063196436],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000040997143,0.00028745213,0.00009178939,0.00009199831,0.00011420848,0.00006783312,0.00018610193,0.0002831665,1.5059295e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006355103,0.000080263744,0.004636069,0.0015795365,0.00047370102,0.000023549632,0.0020087233,0.42064816,0.5670379,0.0010834048,0.00014746662,0.0022176972],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012467758,0.00009014463,0.0061184773,0.0003600365,0.00008879024,0.000010194732,0.0010474268,0.97493666,0.015578879,0.000045184563,0.000029156157,0.00044825397],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006770905,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00050149905,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5542885,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000054266315,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006982065,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99995774},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4231538654","doi":"10.1007/978-1-4757-4302-9_1","title":"Introduction","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Materials science","score_opus":0.003957915997874232,"score_gpt":0.15429793693053115,"score_spread":0.15034002093265691,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4231538654","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000004677989,0.0002553702,0.00662112,0.00006636412,0.00092669635,0.000041111114,0.000002696477,0.00031213174,0.99176985],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0011461633,0.00030755866,0.00093260413,0.000017316313,0.0012985144,0.0000011177394,0.000034764947,0.00006527256,0.9961967],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99970883,1.8382333e-7,0.000082628896,0.00008973299,0.000049448754,0.0000691783],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998357,0.0000016758889,0.000006222924,0.00012564522,0.000010230518,0.000020504556],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000015260262,0.00010820231,0.00008802372,0.000051899468,0.00001006546,0.000010777889,0.000035710702,0.000117250376,0.0023916797],"category_scores_gemma":[7.203509e-7,0.00011053696,0.000039905924,0.0000045976526,0.000006819188,0.000021262653,0.000008531047,0.00013256016,0.0005568268],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[2.0311052e-7,3.9198804e-7,2.8701415e-8,0.000024723284,0.000019410008,0.0000022461345,0.000005150938,0.010948584,0.0001514168,0.9711125,0.0145816,0.0031537602],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000054226857,0.0000066051166,9.667287e-7,0.000026661142,0.00001298411,0.0000065248846,5.2896866e-7,0.005273233,0.00006702437,0.04045465,0.9538858,0.00021080315],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000024187812,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000072402822,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9393042,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009523394,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006590893,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99852026},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4233691968","doi":"10.32920/ryerson.14663184","title":"Mixing time in yield stress fluids","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Impeller; Computational fluid dynamics; Mixing (physics); Mechanics; Rotational speed; Materials science; Mechanical engineering; Power consumption; Agitator; Rushton turbine; Turbine; Power (physics); Engineering; Physics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.008312273614953992,"score_gpt":0.19439712072946996,"score_spread":0.18608484711451598,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4233691968","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8433634,0.002397189,0.028782548,0.000061260485,0.001669481,0.0002467988,0.00003587555,0.0006288778,0.12281456],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9912631,0.0002983365,0.005562185,0.000041273,0.00014071114,0.000027392289,0.00013838994,0.000079502235,0.002449094],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990632,0.000010142301,0.00026966888,0.00027479487,0.00011516261,0.00026704895],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994975,0.00004646007,0.000012429277,0.00036834745,0.000022624574,0.0000526789],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009803709,0.00022492612,0.00029695762,0.00014013439,0.000013716795,0.00007906492,0.00020725337,0.00028948908,0.00052421057],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002257409,0.00025370758,0.000093702605,0.00009733847,0.000007868989,0.000047943264,0.00037240153,0.00058494083,0.000042785967],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000019479087,0.000043194064,0.0015037208,0.00090461446,0.00012114943,0.00021499026,0.0006967138,0.93721086,0.052793726,0.0005615423,0.0015458756,0.0044016507],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000082225866,0.0000030037434,0.0007832339,0.0007343722,0.0000096056165,0.0000026642017,0.00007433304,0.99349016,0.0041967575,0.00009726608,0.00014185582,0.00038449583],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00023528049,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004353642,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1478997,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000109233224,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000034903172,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99999154},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4233969381","doi":"10.1115/gt2012-68659","title":"Direct Numerical Simulations of Transitional Separation–Bubble Development in Swept–Blade Flow Conditions","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Volume 4: Heat Transfer, Parts A and B","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Mechanics; Laminar flow; Freestream; Boundary layer; Adverse pressure gradient; Flow separation; Turbulence; Bubble; Instability; Reynolds number; Pressure gradient; Laminar sublayer; Materials science; Physics","score_opus":0.0109793424219305,"score_gpt":0.23034124011375695,"score_spread":0.21936189769182646,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4233969381","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8891053,0.00067764445,0.10822041,0.00006728685,0.00016129352,0.00019499105,0.00014864466,0.00007060544,0.0013537846],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985281,0.000041653006,0.0010938531,0.00002669594,0.000043882734,0.00003277013,0.00016340619,0.00001728125,0.000052326573],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992267,0.000019157967,0.0002804677,0.00010994175,0.0001141991,0.00024953138],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99976015,0.00004345251,0.0000023324287,0.00006850983,0.000022287168,0.00010323782],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000082439234,0.00012342448,0.00018839703,0.000101308135,0.00008569887,0.0000138693285,0.000031800442,0.00006667262,0.00021775377],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000028310012,0.00013041674,0.00004121272,0.00014859968,0.00003225993,0.00018856583,0.0000029982054,0.00008416129,0.000010541219],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000024538222,0.00045405544,0.019715589,0.00021875356,0.00011481975,0.00000404722,0.0068430835,0.92768025,0.039485365,0.0032451032,0.000740784,0.0014735797],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008130017,0.00003484894,0.04945568,0.00007757518,0.00003700595,0.000010479518,0.000045489545,0.92773944,0.0049038827,0.000057191184,0.016490085,0.00033532374],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000020283,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00010220523,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.109422795,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000037266902,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000028273533,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.531824},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4237526583","doi":"10.32920/ryerson.14644620.v1","title":"Using tomography and computational fluid dynamics to study the performance of a maxblend impeller for solid-liquid mixing operations","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Impeller; Computational fluid dynamics; Turbulence; Baffle; Rushton turbine; Mixing (physics); Slurry; Materials science; Mechanics; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Physics; Composite material","score_opus":0.01935345567955369,"score_gpt":0.27217778000723375,"score_spread":0.25282432432768004,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4237526583","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6899457,0.00018536366,0.30867428,0.000029655459,0.00026618203,0.00073333096,0.000056090008,0.000038446153,0.0000709249],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9435284,0.000046866255,0.056103397,0.000034089877,0.000044436714,0.000090390706,0.00008738846,0.000044998844,0.000020044896],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989269,0.000020893194,0.00040798483,0.00028103782,0.00015681706,0.00020640141],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993775,0.00006999874,0.000029825032,0.0002719513,0.00019450673,0.000056238972],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024679708,0.00023416798,0.00030625606,0.00017691324,0.00017858321,0.00013187525,0.00017747622,0.000090753245,0.000012647996],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000011545629,0.00020428542,0.00010548767,0.00018124314,0.000026626776,0.00007179508,0.0003514029,0.00019564264,2.3665551e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010810759,0.000038609036,0.00035653426,0.00017857701,0.00024028258,7.4238255e-7,0.0014388714,0.9944537,0.0025191032,0.00039802713,0.000010164429,0.0003545662],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002249681,0.00009169837,0.00062327133,0.00009570089,0.00008123026,0.000006146515,0.0013134422,0.9967752,0.00053277105,0.000020882182,0.000006118031,0.00022858712],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000805804,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002687988,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.25358266,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000065656495,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000065567074,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8330518},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4240085820","doi":"10.1002/cjce.v91.7","title":"Experimental study of kerosene-water two-phase flow in a vertical pipe using hot-film and dual optical probes","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"paratext","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science","score_opus":0.010326219642654079,"score_gpt":0.22466567735975423,"score_spread":0.21433945771710017,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4240085820","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9969879,0.0014358059,0.0004966608,0.000018496952,0.0006076625,0.0002513068,0.000009627531,0.000008161939,0.0001844106],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989343,0.000009215106,0.0006113742,0.000006405289,0.00030088783,0.000008470998,0.000006201162,0.00008377767,0.000039312723],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99842083,0.000023379016,0.0006471285,0.00014630426,0.00023255608,0.0005298029],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991823,0.000059074537,0.000036482223,0.00017203017,0.00006809206,0.00048206476],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021850844,0.000319065,0.00058117614,0.0003202379,0.00004585347,0.000087414075,0.00024144031,0.0002213987,0.00010656365],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003822559,0.00024911718,0.000088004424,0.000117672455,0.00009576912,0.0001051884,0.000045420365,0.00092833594,0.000006372377],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000247895,0.000098080396,0.000007412953,0.00013268358,0.00016080817,0.00014005217,0.0027135187,0.40647024,0.5897782,0.000028975861,0.0003111804,0.00013411276],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0023372294,0.000198241,0.000006945394,0.00050833216,0.000089277884,0.00027134392,0.00025454364,0.74974155,0.24584383,0.0000039803085,0.00029033187,0.00045437386],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0017209454,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00026104323,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.34393433,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004249145,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001665861,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999961},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4240714913","doi":"10.32920/14640339.v1","title":"Shrinking microbubbles with microfluidics: mathematical modelling to control microbubble sizes","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University; St. Michael's Hospital","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Royal Society; California HIV/AIDS Research Program","keywords":"Microbubbles; Microfluidics; Bubble; Nanotechnology; Materials science; Cavitation; Computer science; Mechanics; Ultrasound; Acoustics; Physics","score_opus":0.008397163647837477,"score_gpt":0.18519164983308742,"score_spread":0.17679448618524995,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4240714913","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.20487702,0.0027345251,0.78754467,0.00010066658,0.0003376321,0.0005404194,0.000040652794,0.0005506709,0.0032737562],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7067785,0.00044556812,0.29127207,0.0003097693,0.0001865997,0.000117313655,0.00008457032,0.0002761538,0.0005293933],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9976119,0.000029396168,0.0006341084,0.0007206088,0.00027064848,0.0007333294],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986179,0.00011929919,0.00005525801,0.00077941176,0.00017910532,0.00024903973],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025708316,0.00068849366,0.0009246394,0.00022981751,0.00009813629,0.00054865534,0.00048861554,0.00040410884,0.00015870434],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000013046518,0.00063827034,0.0002255156,0.00017641702,0.000040977226,0.00009364192,0.00042044657,0.00078008365,0.00006898221],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013328962,0.00003409162,0.00002090214,0.00079037284,0.00030368307,0.0000538079,0.0005547615,0.88450116,0.11203573,0.0008248402,0.00053170475,0.00033560602],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00055798684,0.000025508805,0.0000027132207,0.0017010572,0.00015196457,0.000060927196,0.00026086273,0.96465623,0.029758124,0.0008465344,0.00093589193,0.0010421727],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000078384925,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005509628,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5019015,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020695938,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001219547,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99960685},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4240826500","doi":"10.32920/ryerson.14661054","title":"Dynamic &amp; CFD modeling of a continuous-flow mixer using fluids with yield stress","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Impeller; Computational fluid dynamics; Mechanics; Materials science; Agitator; Volumetric flow rate; Mixing (physics); Fluent; Flow (mathematics); Turbulence; Rheology; Shear thinning; Slip factor; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Composite material; Physics","score_opus":0.01696095756473477,"score_gpt":0.22048954323088096,"score_spread":0.20352858566614618,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4240826500","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.47833025,0.00085300603,0.5187948,0.000005094241,0.00034569477,0.00015220222,0.000049228347,0.00015087464,0.0013188805],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8396506,0.00021162113,0.15954268,0.000011613511,0.00003894202,0.0000141151195,0.00015172394,0.00012598485,0.00025278208],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983034,0.00001736985,0.0005315092,0.00046283624,0.00028535989,0.0003994892],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99887025,0.000041538675,0.00006498164,0.00072515046,0.00020472083,0.00009332873],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001328464,0.00044671673,0.0007136016,0.00018727178,0.00004159893,0.000121885634,0.00028494973,0.00037475224,0.000109287605],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000021296626,0.00042953796,0.00018973176,0.00014973858,0.00003177442,0.00008796436,0.00036263338,0.00064734655,0.0000020991413],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000074821683,0.000025604208,0.00016863621,0.00077069504,0.00023818418,0.0000135534865,0.00035329728,0.97916424,0.01878055,0.00004733884,0.000012156666,0.0004182413],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001855924,0.00001006336,0.00001365525,0.0017857678,0.0001116424,0.000013775861,0.00027886633,0.9965049,0.0005359229,0.000043863358,0.000009160109,0.00050679577],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008453679,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001694377,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3613203,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014340607,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000116949515,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99981564},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4242101548","doi":"10.32920/ryerson.14664351","title":"Solid-Liquid Mixing In Agitated Tanks : Experimental And CFD Analysis","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Impeller; Computational fluid dynamics; Mixing (physics); Materials science; Agitator; Turbulence; Rotational speed; Mechanics; Homogeneity (statistics); Rushton turbine; Slip factor; Multiphase flow; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Computer science; Physics","score_opus":0.008204425966108255,"score_gpt":0.25753776928178684,"score_spread":0.24933334331567858,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4242101548","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97376823,0.0029645592,0.018033968,0.000011854622,0.00047275287,0.00010783521,0.0000102636495,0.00017961861,0.0044509303],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9967547,0.00019403257,0.00261238,0.00002591766,0.000029559116,0.000028784249,0.00015396149,0.00004165844,0.00015902941],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99882376,0.000020152824,0.00034446744,0.00039268433,0.00011761229,0.0003013183],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995403,0.000032882563,0.000026192121,0.00029443268,0.000028205957,0.000077973855],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012562175,0.00026751272,0.0004832044,0.0005566007,0.000026462943,0.0001559652,0.00012077922,0.00022542196,0.0001499361],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000127478825,0.00029948773,0.00014748694,0.00044565665,0.000018809465,0.00006801908,0.00045117812,0.00039411578,0.0000021302346],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013408729,0.00007086127,0.0010914807,0.0002551907,0.0017311467,0.00021590505,0.003693016,0.8283656,0.16361329,0.00041500444,0.0000666092,0.0004684889],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00019529031,0.000012299299,0.0006882405,0.00009749938,0.00012718778,0.0000034960642,0.0013410785,0.97852516,0.018534966,0.000021700387,0.00002199816,0.0004310699],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00022277255,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003172825,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.15015957,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014768861,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000022387214,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999457},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4244884858","doi":"10.1007/978-1-4614-5491-5_200340","title":"Bubble Jet","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Jet (fluid); Mechanics; Physics","score_opus":0.019118755100544043,"score_gpt":0.19186365920909898,"score_spread":0.17274490410855495,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4244884858","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000004833255,0.0012946437,0.0024421113,0.0000082964825,0.0004767961,0.000049374456,0.000013878259,0.00032200426,0.9953881],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00076760753,0.00016997244,0.0008040034,0.000021745678,0.00015673443,0.0000014412603,0.000034723973,0.00008309842,0.9979607],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996006,3.978577e-7,0.00010302602,0.00009165132,0.00009408415,0.00011024162],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997212,0.00000582464,0.000007981253,0.00017536528,0.000026626205,0.00006296417],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.000040638635,0.00015590376,0.00015116594,0.000051227686,0.000008706369,0.000015795315,0.00008027497,0.00016400729,0.0009950957],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000015100567,0.00014374503,0.000048848167,0.0000037346474,0.0000077849645,0.000022620558,0.000026693984,0.00014710432,0.0009479745],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[5.5024657e-7,9.190834e-7,7.122768e-7,0.00004283952,0.000053582742,0.000015088141,0.00001938,0.0026080909,0.00006735286,0.7549633,0.2383839,0.0038442994],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000054659475,0.0000063670786,3.3147674e-7,0.000029537732,0.000010779849,0.0000038931194,8.6696735e-7,0.024281753,0.000008136448,0.016576946,0.9588214,0.00020529104],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000006754352,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004192798,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.73838633,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000599227,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001289557,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999181},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4246191272","doi":"10.32920/ryerson.14665215","title":"CFD Investigation Of Mixing Of Yield-Pseudoplastic Fluid With Anchor Impeller","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Impeller; Agitator; Computational fluid dynamics; Slip factor; Mechanics; Shear thinning; Mixing (physics); Materials science; Mechanical engineering; Rheology; Engineering; Physics; Composite material","score_opus":0.010561146564954247,"score_gpt":0.18266487222239902,"score_spread":0.17210372565744478,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4246191272","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.91309637,0.000549833,0.082362294,0.000011733165,0.00049275596,0.0001617472,0.000013726775,0.000086758795,0.0032247705],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98602396,0.00014886599,0.013512739,0.000009744411,0.00004985562,0.000012227562,0.00005318026,0.00005030068,0.00013912513],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99897456,0.00001040899,0.00041834547,0.00023347222,0.00019164245,0.00017157414],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992628,0.00007933306,0.00009025809,0.00036759363,0.00013706557,0.000062915344],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000105214254,0.00022720214,0.00041184988,0.0001417006,0.000013555239,0.000024389781,0.00014556172,0.00020149372,0.000102665654],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003788982,0.00021047474,0.0000873276,0.00014972777,0.000043465734,0.00005895763,0.00015568051,0.0002875075,0.0000017089864],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009908857,0.000014612574,0.0023415575,0.0025382712,0.00026508127,0.000009122253,0.0009463008,0.51247185,0.47984713,0.00060009473,0.0003675353,0.0005885064],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003087432,0.00006104194,0.0050387047,0.0024688917,0.00013438913,0.000010697257,0.00025187552,0.7362558,0.25470236,0.00021350902,0.000020458892,0.0005335208],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00015123375,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00011606085,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.22514476,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000042576437,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010129363,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8582911},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4246704254","doi":"10.1002/1521-4125(200109)24:9<913::aid-ceat913>3.3.co;2-8","title":"Flow Patterns in Rheologically Evolving Model Fluids Produced by Hybrid Dual Mixing Systems","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering & Technology","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Impeller; Turbine; Agitator; Mechanics; Vortex; Mixing (physics); Froude number; Rushton turbine; Shear thinning; Dimensionless quantity; Flow (mathematics); Thermodynamics; Entrainment (biomusicology); Rotational speed; Viscosity; Materials science; Physics; Chemistry; Classical mechanics","score_opus":0.004199554721337889,"score_gpt":0.1701934178935703,"score_spread":0.1659938631722324,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4246704254","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.75207424,0.0013898398,0.24420613,0.000088712586,0.00026403286,0.0001800208,0.000014589833,0.0016784064,0.00010403214],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9947101,0.00013591241,0.004780423,0.000013049766,0.00007205127,0.000117814234,0.00003139721,0.000096886135,0.000042379565],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981163,0.000005052444,0.00047514337,0.00046678676,0.00015358145,0.0007831032],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993755,0.000042707743,0.000024855999,0.0004128653,0.000041611882,0.00010242276],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014566122,0.00036005196,0.0004412634,0.00035072933,0.000026817283,0.00003921801,0.00035738054,0.00038427615,0.0000101522755],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001757859,0.0003953294,0.0000645722,0.00044841782,0.000039102455,0.00011706206,0.00014488737,0.00071138254,0.000011173816],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000018368788,0.00001695332,0.00024099991,0.00007110417,0.000014652019,0.00004980325,0.000012060446,0.46289843,0.53568447,0.0003720386,0.0001553413,0.0004822718],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00030678298,0.000015407177,0.000015323925,0.00013478058,0.000007638223,0.000115272574,0.000008408535,0.92267823,0.076058775,0.00006908534,0.00019212894,0.0003981848],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009253709,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.3904776e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.45977977,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00029532678,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013342517,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99984986},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4246931457","doi":"10.1007/978-3-319-32003-8_46-1","title":"Fundamental Equations for Two-Phase Flow in Tubes","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Pressure drop; Mechanics; Two-phase flow; Natural circulation; Porosity; Thermodynamics; Mass transfer; Heat transfer; Flow conditions; Slug flow; Void (composites); Materials science; Flow (mathematics); Physics","score_opus":0.02566846092452764,"score_gpt":0.27526518370155423,"score_spread":0.2495967227770266,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4246931457","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000162947,0.0003337676,0.09932946,0.00002508819,0.0006832563,0.00041377958,0.0002736556,0.00013283179,0.8986452],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.08971122,0.00013565308,0.010000105,0.000053356056,0.00045728765,0.00010111377,0.00072092836,0.00021288953,0.89860743],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994707,7.2161197e-7,0.00017598714,0.00013643979,0.00006369235,0.00015244549],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99966097,0.000044553937,0.000012544716,0.00022710292,0.000015627093,0.000039178674],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000058394085,0.00017142826,0.00018447894,0.00011639679,0.000055993816,0.000057301415,0.00011662082,0.00011349577,0.00027858364],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009287706,0.0001813374,0.00009100205,0.0000031201594,0.000016635184,0.0000646587,0.000025273283,0.00012275449,0.000057783167],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012417389,0.000030978423,0.00000343695,0.00018822905,0.00014583557,0.000020328116,0.00015560625,0.026590716,0.002070655,0.910906,0.0038236736,0.056052122],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009893489,0.000027480157,0.0000010356704,0.0001021978,0.000019933394,0.0000013932784,0.000004041675,0.9334849,0.00004888398,0.00694615,0.058101375,0.0002732407],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000020499705,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007044767,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9068942,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009575586,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016869046,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7394724},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4250450747","doi":"10.32920/14640339","title":"Shrinking microbubbles with microfluidics: mathematical modelling to control microbubble sizes","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University; St. Michael's Hospital","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Royal Society; California HIV/AIDS Research Program","keywords":"Microbubbles; Microfluidics; Bubble; Nanotechnology; Materials science; Computer science; Mechanics; Ultrasound; Acoustics; Physics","score_opus":0.008397163647837477,"score_gpt":0.18519164983308742,"score_spread":0.17679448618524995,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4250450747","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.20487702,0.0027345251,0.78754467,0.00010066658,0.0003376321,0.0005404194,0.000040652794,0.0005506709,0.0032737562],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7067785,0.00044556812,0.29127207,0.0003097693,0.0001865997,0.000117313655,0.00008457032,0.0002761538,0.0005293933],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9976119,0.000029396168,0.0006341084,0.0007206088,0.00027064848,0.0007333294],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986179,0.00011929919,0.00005525801,0.00077941176,0.00017910532,0.00024903973],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025708316,0.00068849366,0.0009246394,0.00022981751,0.00009813629,0.00054865534,0.00048861554,0.00040410884,0.00015870434],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000013046518,0.00063827034,0.0002255156,0.00017641702,0.000040977226,0.00009364192,0.00042044657,0.00078008365,0.00006898221],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013328962,0.00003409162,0.00002090214,0.00079037284,0.00030368307,0.0000538079,0.0005547615,0.88450116,0.11203573,0.0008248402,0.00053170475,0.00033560602],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00055798684,0.000025508805,0.0000027132207,0.0017010572,0.00015196457,0.000060927196,0.00026086273,0.96465623,0.029758124,0.0008465344,0.00093589193,0.0010421727],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000078384925,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005509628,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5019015,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020695938,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001219547,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99960685},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4251256219","doi":"10.2118/95674-pa","title":"A Model To Predict Liquid Holdup and Pressure Gradient of Near-Horizontal Wet-Gas Pipelines","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SPE Projects Facilities & Construction","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"ConocoPhillips (Canada)","funders":"University of Tulsa; ConocoPhillips","keywords":"Pressure gradient; Stratified flow; Mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Two-phase flow; Closure (psychology); Materials science; Two-fluid model; Bar (unit); Pressure drop; Pipeline transport; Engineering; Turbulence; Mechanical engineering; Physics; Meteorology","score_opus":0.011539163828604742,"score_gpt":0.20691859724068581,"score_spread":0.19537943341208108,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4251256219","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9597614,0.0004758366,0.03598242,0.000018943774,0.0005920334,0.00038718153,0.00017383823,0.00019276903,0.002415603],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9870571,0.000091975235,0.012425758,0.0000063880116,0.00007503101,0.000014101827,0.000014357099,0.00002092264,0.00029434785],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99898803,0.000008849648,0.00030912686,0.00022144758,0.00017716218,0.00029539102],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995922,0.000020743502,0.00003217733,0.00016989789,0.00008907991,0.000095940886],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018450993,0.0001792302,0.00020558489,0.00014513082,0.00006982788,0.000035135887,0.00007025335,0.00009779446,0.000008310451],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002875567,0.00018430695,0.000047197907,0.0001333893,0.00013402388,0.00016258456,0.00004995907,0.0001322358,0.0000025293386],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.001576306,0.00013543616,0.00872331,0.004562266,0.00060743437,0.000027280441,0.03702262,0.4007978,0.308916,0.03209119,0.0012785613,0.20426176],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006916989,0.0004804226,0.00034516118,0.00016804773,0.00006590139,0.000117946416,0.0035141367,0.9699777,0.01858052,0.00069993496,0.0048885294,0.00047003597],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00019702525,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00021855545,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.56917983,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000046920435,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000041761312,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7515819},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4251677217","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22975","title":"Issue Highlights","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Citation; Protocol (science); Computer science; Test (biology); Clinical trial; Set (abstract data type); Disease; Artificial intelligence; Data science; Medicine; World Wide Web; Pathology; Alternative medicine; Biology","score_opus":0.0036373477129034086,"score_gpt":0.16243450180665342,"score_spread":0.15879715409375,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4251677217","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9866654,0.001157333,0.004460807,0.00095782016,0.0029138036,0.00006105325,0.0000048810234,0.00007238447,0.0037064662],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99812627,0.0000034300197,0.0007179534,0.000048879665,0.0010346206,5.0331676e-7,4.2098773e-7,0.000025929457,0.000042021842],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99943566,0.0000025451043,0.00018562851,0.000039740687,0.000087866334,0.00024855524],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994858,0.000026406078,0.000019031271,0.00011030683,0.000068107925,0.00029038332],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012103289,0.000092574766,0.00011588078,0.00009361649,0.0000417115,0.00004289531,0.00024884654,0.000054628326,0.00007450276],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000043669803,0.0000700271,0.000053228556,0.00012503109,0.000045983546,0.00006374341,0.000006134986,0.00022012176,0.000031949403],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008055722,0.00000588255,0.000056225286,0.00009411413,0.00026681164,0.00016056024,0.001981945,0.11371473,0.8358131,0.016124954,0.02758061,0.0041930354],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00037325354,0.000050230967,0.000104991974,0.00018315982,0.000045939352,0.00043311453,0.000012563134,0.4107206,0.37229207,0.00043362178,0.2149407,0.0004097783],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00018783787,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00021533246,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.463521,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001376385,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007306535,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.28556222},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4253477659","doi":"10.2174/1876973x01002010054","title":"A Critical Review of Advanced Experimental Techniques to Measure Two- Phase Gas/Liquid Flow","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"The Open Fuels & Energy Science Journal","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Syncrude","keywords":"Measure (data warehouse); Two-phase flow; Flow (mathematics); Mechanics; Materials science; Computer science; Physics","score_opus":0.03954663522488561,"score_gpt":0.3778991236388842,"score_spread":0.3383524884139986,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4253477659","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0000048665065,0.9854976,0.004150451,0.00012524493,0.00046891114,0.0005100725,0.00001341775,0.000047055873,0.0091823675],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00013373072,0.98482865,0.01420437,0.00043859868,0.00020801123,0.00008561711,0.0000034199193,0.000051137533,0.0000464691],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99708897,0.00013598826,0.0009893924,0.00036416168,0.00080671604,0.0006147749],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99844474,0.00007404784,0.00019465094,0.0006355718,0.00027445937,0.00037652435],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0029656314,0.0004392382,0.0014158703,0.00027000855,0.00036146835,0.00038365347,0.0033743111,0.00008388936,0.00012648481],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00024024247,0.0002856864,0.00035582104,0.0010817791,0.00025417833,0.0007426933,0.00043286366,0.00054174126,0.0000073946626],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000094918805,0.000056340574,1.1473156e-9,0.0014232831,0.000019720004,0.000021389822,0.00003726195,0.0001238842,0.004029515,0.00250781,0.000570544,0.99120075],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00020121824,0.00046303892,9.078707e-9,0.10877712,0.00016576366,0.00097636174,0.000023019875,0.0005680609,0.004119635,0.00014337129,0.884082,0.00048037403],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009106703,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000034028708,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9907204,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00036860362,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005711941,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999595},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4254196743","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450810221","title":"Letter to the Editor","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"letter","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Citation; Computer science; Information retrieval; Library science; World Wide Web","score_opus":0.00375937146413341,"score_gpt":0.15075501992369467,"score_spread":0.14699564845956126,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4254196743","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"commentary","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"commentary","genre_consensus":"commentary","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0027745815,0.0021991304,0.0042979945,0.95624524,0.033194106,0.0003020652,0.000060343988,0.000069999434,0.00085655425],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.03326491,0.000011192753,0.0010589717,0.7992209,0.16553912,0.000019619956,0.000017357184,0.00036918718,0.0004987253],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99872357,0.000013444559,0.0003535673,0.000093608774,0.0002630086,0.0005527862],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991626,0.000115500814,0.00004715833,0.00031134463,0.000075088006,0.0002882697],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00027158248,0.00027147247,0.0002827028,0.00017513018,0.000060027574,0.00013916589,0.0007745192,0.00036988716,0.00004041369],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012271442,0.00017516494,0.00018287706,0.0001827711,0.000030876876,0.00004584053,0.00001420753,0.0030211154,0.00003074979],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[3.0689566e-7,2.5551657e-7,3.0757178e-7,0.00003176334,0.000061033243,0.000109902336,0.00007578578,0.057648998,0.0013402314,0.000014387282,0.9406341,0.00008297927],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000056237728,0.0000060161638,6.156026e-7,0.00009950372,0.000037360347,0.000147418,0.0000010777436,0.0075469934,0.0012013948,0.000015883237,0.99066883,0.00021865605],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00020344707,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00013635679,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.15702431,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004089153,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00017393043,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99927896},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4254931563","doi":"10.22215/etd/2007-07784","title":"Gas bubble generation at a micro-scale orifice","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University; Canadian Heritage","funders":"","keywords":"Scale (ratio); Body orifice; Engineering; Cartography; Mechanical engineering; Geography","score_opus":0.00660791879186333,"score_gpt":0.22239040178208092,"score_spread":0.21578248299021757,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4254931563","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.80446017,0.0010410786,0.0055585396,0.0000043828145,0.0024574103,0.00016639013,0.000011989678,0.0003086803,0.18599135],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.20116743,0.0017228455,0.02905408,0.00014500435,0.0021108075,0.00008420134,0.018151239,0.00050228793,0.7470621],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992403,0.0000037078084,0.00022039098,0.000189757,0.00012406976,0.00022178494],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996864,0.000009763537,0.00002492066,0.00017308262,0.000051934465,0.00005390623],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008284801,0.00019766667,0.00015812779,0.000119205484,0.000067839625,0.000043288444,0.00008179768,0.00027884546,0.00028196632],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000030768974,0.00021127639,0.0000681445,0.000100167024,0.0000035117982,0.000050596125,0.0000070989504,0.00015639134,0.00024619987],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008027356,0.000010286569,0.00002153334,0.00016854794,0.00003553535,0.0000058182713,0.00040172777,0.005904963,0.9676139,0.00040107593,0.021232136,0.0041964566],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00035301625,0.000025708012,0.0003812286,0.00009800701,0.00008091831,0.000013602409,0.0002953752,0.43738893,0.49532774,0.000050428695,0.06502343,0.0009616273],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007733583,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0051652216,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.60329276,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017476905,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015243984,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8615601},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4255389432","doi":"10.1007/978-3-662-59785-9_13","title":"Einfluss des Fördermediums","year":2020,"lang":"de","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Collège de Maisonneuve","funders":"","keywords":"Chemistry; Medicinal chemistry","score_opus":0.013600683662703348,"score_gpt":0.18541142408347222,"score_spread":0.17181074042076888,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4255389432","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00011465743,0.0046376223,0.028520305,0.00019236974,0.0016788847,0.00026922484,0.000054588534,0.00054935477,0.963983],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.16800922,0.028389756,0.029775908,0.0020578238,0.005753869,0.000036164227,0.000615318,0.0015579064,0.763804],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982352,0.000005360439,0.0005141449,0.0004898082,0.00028138325,0.000474087],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990661,0.000060372447,0.000055736895,0.0004030201,0.0000678192,0.0003469333],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007743397,0.0006554661,0.00058570673,0.00013255453,0.0001198752,0.00011206707,0.00032513993,0.00050575804,0.003826131],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000026612837,0.0006797053,0.00030497272,0.00004759175,0.00014346221,0.00008971037,0.00019289547,0.00069275603,0.00788842],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000109082885,0.000008624466,0.000020278232,0.00082231907,0.0006490978,0.00028625838,0.00041891276,0.0077719763,0.0018025109,0.9633779,0.0027592788,0.02207195],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00055647956,0.000117179414,0.00005885878,0.00068573427,0.00032007621,0.000026713209,0.000043139946,0.3324107,0.00024260789,0.021884868,0.64195937,0.0016942918],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006129624,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006957497,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.94149303,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014515225,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000045307544,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995654},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4255638515","doi":"10.1002/cjce.v91.2","title":"Development of kerosene-water two-phase up-flow in a vertical pipe downstream of a 90° bend","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"paratext","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science","score_opus":0.00712838869326178,"score_gpt":0.19828484005684885,"score_spread":0.19115645136358708,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4255638515","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99398273,0.0012675782,0.0023865523,0.000039654744,0.0012483597,0.00015791733,0.00004596506,0.000008651668,0.000862586],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9965229,0.000018900031,0.0030085964,0.000008606099,0.00017340583,0.000007167549,0.00003114963,0.00007699694,0.00015227884],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9980342,0.000010079936,0.0010388576,0.000120524914,0.00024788667,0.0005484493],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990991,0.00005903563,0.0000771562,0.00022005942,0.000119311364,0.00042533962],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002484676,0.00032347374,0.000695675,0.00042206494,0.000020929849,0.000033348304,0.00045670808,0.0002485538,0.0002901692],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000051544877,0.00024380826,0.00016308908,0.00017249223,0.00006531936,0.00007292136,0.000034071112,0.00083220855,0.000030575182],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018413053,0.000022587481,0.000003910225,0.00051991735,0.000257844,0.000038688755,0.0014997117,0.28615704,0.70688045,0.000047028545,0.0021292055,0.0024252224],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0016237536,0.00003504394,0.000008731833,0.0014017257,0.00006609239,0.000104255945,0.000022457674,0.23173322,0.7582714,0.000016825337,0.006228057,0.0004884638],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00057287444,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00053651334,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.054423817,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00046983623,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005110971,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9942212},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4255679138","doi":"10.2202/1542-6580.1638","title":"Numerical Analysis of a Two-Phase Flow and Mixing Process in a Stirred Tank","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Chemical Reactor Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta; University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Impeller; Mixing (physics); Mechanics; Multiphase flow; Turbulence; Computational fluid dynamics; Flow (mathematics); Two-phase flow; Fluent; Volume fraction; Volume (thermodynamics); Materials science; Rushton turbine; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Thermodynamics; Physics","score_opus":0.007121371041153421,"score_gpt":0.25509926241115294,"score_spread":0.2479778913699995,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4255679138","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9762066,0.0002604771,0.023228314,0.000023373204,0.00018685896,0.000024566652,0.00000902725,0.00001888964,0.00004189762],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9962923,0.00006516173,0.0035193574,0.00000517582,0.00009165496,0.0000015863702,0.000006334179,0.000017914814,5.3423344e-7],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99896955,0.0000038554867,0.0004931359,0.00008524416,0.0003123743,0.00013581285],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995153,0.00011493528,0.00008352489,0.000056545905,0.00013767362,0.000092053866],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010101689,0.000118184464,0.00032951654,0.0005172948,0.0000022562083,0.0000129862665,0.00018283498,0.000048678015,0.000010350847],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018128566,0.0001178622,0.00011859353,0.0003515522,0.000017177366,0.00016597043,0.000017944072,0.00023678193,1.9483241e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004507925,0.00007316391,0.002150374,0.000029912755,0.00070214085,0.00016537277,0.00053726404,0.2890567,0.70590353,0.000041064377,0.0000089736695,0.0012864436],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009861492,0.000015236445,0.0006468952,0.000103617946,0.00006449653,0.00013184942,0.00000941701,0.9383832,0.0594928,0.00001758548,0.000038296384,0.000110411755],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000065662907,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.8101887e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.64932656,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001107953,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002142872,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4806281},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4281258880","doi":"10.1016/j.cep.2022.108983","title":"Investigation of power consumption, torque fluctuation, and local gas hold-up in coaxial mixers containing a shear-thinning fluid: Experimental and numerical approaches","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering and Processing - Process Intensification","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Impeller; Coaxial; Slip factor; Mechanics; Torque; Axial compressor; Agitator; Materials science; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Physics; Gas compressor; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.021131533308646776,"score_gpt":0.2186637830197473,"score_spread":0.1975322497111005,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4281258880","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9499153,0.0029085325,0.046766046,0.00005763789,0.000080232436,0.00013726114,0.0000038737535,0.00011658481,0.000014518667],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99827075,0.000020546095,0.0014612031,0.000026991236,0.000019656354,0.00011923595,0.000043123364,0.000036439014,0.0000020474542],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989523,0.0000151567465,0.00036364407,0.00030321977,0.0001685011,0.00019714047],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996421,0.000054703603,0.00006340687,0.00007925465,0.00006990241,0.000090644455],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025114176,0.00018832358,0.00023985385,0.00014949962,0.00009820109,0.000052523137,0.000067709814,0.00008776593,0.0000043435275],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000897556,0.00021869312,0.000015886784,0.0002155629,0.00014311631,0.00021641937,0.00005180283,0.00029614585,1.316261e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000967577,0.000025426363,0.0030542912,0.001131597,0.000027481601,0.0000023856255,0.019035997,0.065848865,0.90105456,0.00078484317,0.000018243854,0.008919567],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00045111188,0.00004059229,0.0010076415,0.00015037677,0.000012432722,0.000053953903,0.0024001293,0.92219114,0.073335536,0.000106261636,0.000014942093,0.00023590657],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000011387932,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.416863e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.85634226,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010106798,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003123025,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.89180464},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4281398246","doi":"10.1016/j.ces.2022.117759","title":"Three-dimensional analysis of the rising dynamics of individual ellipsoidal bubbles in an inclined column","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Science","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Column (typography); Dynamics (music); Ellipsoid; Mechanics; Physics; Mathematics; Geology; Geometry; Geodesy; Acoustics","score_opus":0.006956918220813892,"score_gpt":0.20670381145988792,"score_spread":0.19974689323907402,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4281398246","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9951975,0.00005564503,0.0043961005,0.000011505998,0.00016660288,0.000062372565,0.000054239797,0.000039069473,0.0000169962],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9970558,5.561741e-7,0.0028921561,0.00000606206,0.000008502557,0.000006676436,0.00001630729,0.000012614929,0.0000013131411],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987184,0.000005851529,0.00030660882,0.00019041066,0.0005373434,0.00024141309],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99952585,0.00006995621,0.00004350483,0.0002639242,0.000040876872,0.000055918612],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005193496,0.000102818114,0.00022254954,0.00036094084,0.0000635051,0.000016384442,0.00069933257,0.000033518038,0.000012611174],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007417129,0.00009982184,0.0000795402,0.0029998086,0.00014804307,0.000103992694,0.00034522373,0.0002481409,8.6592834e-8],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000016237916,0.000019626435,0.0030487345,0.000012946215,0.000021087571,5.3205787e-7,0.000091708316,0.7610474,0.23509528,0.00045992725,0.0000016458233,0.00019946227],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00010131852,0.000010604342,0.013695505,0.000013487359,0.000041874096,0.0000014642785,0.00002407561,0.9722077,0.013746391,0.00004965313,0.000002132664,0.00010577141],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000038995095,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000054654167,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2213489,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020759548,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006074156,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.40706167},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4282579859","doi":"10.1002/cjce.24498","title":"Calculation of the phase separation rate in two‐phase flow of non‐ <scp>Newtonian</scp> power‐law fluid and gas bubbles flowing inside the <scp>T‐</scp> and <scp>Y</scp> ‐junctions using random vortex method ( <scp>RVM</scp> )","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Mechanics; Power law; Reynolds number; Power-law fluid; Non-Newtonian fluid; Separation (statistics); Flow (mathematics); Phase (matter); Vortex; Inlet; Newtonian fluid; Volumetric flow rate; Power (physics); Materials science; Thermodynamics; Law; Physics; Turbulence; Mathematics; Mechanical engineering; Engineering","score_opus":0.008330831170461002,"score_gpt":0.24518826931220297,"score_spread":0.23685743814174198,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4282579859","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9623975,0.0028211456,0.033257335,0.00006690837,0.00068608526,0.00044674164,0.00006671542,0.000031150943,0.00022639203],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99693197,0.000057723784,0.0025828036,0.00007318134,0.00018042838,0.000020167636,0.000014009868,0.00010299791,0.000036741545],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9972152,0.00020028844,0.0011139745,0.00028998364,0.00047076977,0.0007097939],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99657756,0.0021132224,0.0002809809,0.000410423,0.0001835101,0.00043430258],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0019550521,0.00044904914,0.00072179124,0.00046790548,0.00044426907,0.00015082458,0.0004750506,0.00015123475,0.0000033826964],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001762583,0.00035676255,0.00027407188,0.00090633763,0.00017482572,0.00038351558,0.00011862038,0.001125359,4.2115843e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002800293,0.000019466197,0.000063547224,0.000060751674,0.00012860366,0.000019911,0.003139936,0.5477088,0.44825146,0.0002232098,0.0001652904,0.00021620959],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0034882738,0.00006805485,0.000206446,0.0002388286,0.00021860865,0.0003016816,0.00081782666,0.894227,0.09840347,0.00028383054,0.0016907112,0.000055231856],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014969462,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008588353,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.349848,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00045399126,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003529513,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998884},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4283077884","doi":"10.1016/j.jiec.2022.06.004","title":"Scale-up study of aerated coaxial mixing reactors containing non-newtonian power-law fluids: Analysis of gas holdup, cavity size, and power consumption","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Impeller; Coaxial; Rotational speed; Mechanics; Newtonian fluid; Mixing (physics); Materials science; Dispersion (optics); Volumetric flow rate; Non-Newtonian fluid; Agitator; Mechanical engineering; Physics; Engineering; Optics","score_opus":0.010271541564396842,"score_gpt":0.20593646605786214,"score_spread":0.19566492449346531,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4283077884","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9989745,0.00020087579,0.00018995351,0.000007998433,0.0004142191,0.00008859416,0.00004300662,0.000020781641,0.00006005071],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99975073,0.00003322692,0.00010161306,0.0000025967179,0.000070664,0.000002720245,0.0000056235876,0.000024405848,0.000008433774],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99859935,0.000020822956,0.0007334832,0.00014573183,0.00029790142,0.00020272173],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992516,0.00014617783,0.00023679307,0.00013190614,0.000094770745,0.00013874931],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005239406,0.00020398501,0.00065217976,0.00017105952,0.000076839206,0.000034257064,0.00012743441,0.00013271597,0.000048188143],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009202161,0.00019909316,0.00011681839,0.00039505344,0.000038166818,0.000115942385,0.00008019637,0.00062744436,3.2122244e-8],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016885443,0.00010545885,0.012060035,0.0000786451,0.0011390324,0.000028836488,0.001269079,0.10360289,0.8813031,0.0000032984283,0.000026083562,0.00021469362],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.030744854,0.0037885134,0.06514937,0.0014655736,0.00617436,0.00072280533,0.020404859,0.4925619,0.37537506,0.000015601281,0.000778015,0.0028190857],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008697092,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000046511727,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.50592804,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011136564,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000035896996,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8118783},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4283375650","doi":"10.1016/j.rineng.2022.100476","title":"Experimental validation of numerical two-phase flow in a horizontal separator","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Results in Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Multiphase flow; Separator (oil production); Mechanics; Piping; Two-phase flow; Particle image velocimetry; Petroleum engineering; Velocimetry; Gravity separation; Flow (mathematics); Materials science; Engineering; Mechanical engineering; Turbulence; Physics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.006449262332975768,"score_gpt":0.2443803104069404,"score_spread":0.23793104807396462,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4283375650","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9884719,0.00029226762,0.010049397,0.000004097948,0.00042546142,0.00013430584,0.00005986795,0.00009444335,0.00046821666],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99757344,0.0000041683925,0.0022456418,0.0000018604037,0.00003462947,0.000058061385,0.000045223158,0.000031719934,0.0000052764235],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991132,0.0000148087975,0.00035227998,0.00014649937,0.00015621088,0.00021701258],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997717,0.000035628902,0.000019365785,0.000130482,0.000005277622,0.000037554604],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019087725,0.00011889634,0.00017415936,0.00023629604,0.000016508526,0.000008272468,0.000107625965,0.000026914247,0.000016088869],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000022939234,0.00015268616,0.000037829683,0.00037653028,0.0000046812506,0.00008346544,0.00005915432,0.00021729199,0.0000015132808],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000028949931,0.00007035863,0.000043395677,0.000018877226,0.0000057344305,0.000021996399,0.000712708,0.86514366,0.13346574,0.00009441351,0.000017480637,0.00037666445],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0021895508,0.00007712101,0.00008789686,0.000023020624,0.0000015026524,0.000007547116,0.00014232511,0.94859326,0.048504114,0.0000025158959,0.00022490195,0.00014623604],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000036653793,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000027859576,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08496162,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00031290864,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011833299,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6226361},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4283458595","doi":"10.1002/cjce.24515","title":"Effect of turbulence intensity and surface tension on the emulsification process and its stationary state—A numerical study","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Turbulence; Volume of fluid method; Turbulence kinetic energy; Reynolds number; Mechanics; Direct numerical simulation; Surface tension; Homogeneous isotropic turbulence; Scale (ratio); Flow (mathematics); Materials science; Physics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.004778031548668923,"score_gpt":0.1891555206626963,"score_spread":0.18437748911402738,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4283458595","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99902886,0.00040192553,0.00016439654,0.00016940403,0.00008341644,0.00013277789,0.0000071798295,0.00000748111,0.0000045286815],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99993324,0.000003862443,0.00001642839,0.000014698221,0.000013140729,0.000002951533,8.153195e-7,0.000012970022,0.0000018751969],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994859,0.000027612383,0.00016510452,0.000059435857,0.00014737065,0.000114549504],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99952394,0.00020991534,0.000040158237,0.00006826802,0.000056598543,0.000101094556],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00045418125,0.00008242001,0.0001340939,0.0000467347,0.00007959696,0.000015553034,0.000116958254,0.000014256653,0.0000038108356],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001297826,0.000054423683,0.000018406561,0.00012295347,0.000018987948,0.00004113649,0.00001753356,0.00033903946,1.2913091e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000036998856,0.0000074085833,0.0004585515,0.000063941116,0.000040006027,0.000016198423,0.0016461507,0.92014134,0.077023424,0.00006794897,0.000030389678,0.00046761392],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00020556363,0.00021363246,0.0010693892,0.000039323244,0.000022456466,0.00008840015,0.00011540882,0.9732262,0.024892047,0.000030451232,0.000012973671,0.00008415771],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000826659,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005594942,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.05308483,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008168543,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000032736247,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.22193334},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4283575014","doi":"10.11159/ffhmt22.117","title":"Calculation of the Pressure Field around a Spherical-Cap Bubble","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the ... International Conference on Fluid Flow, Heat and Mass Transfer","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Mechanics; Materials science; Field (mathematics); Physics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.0124649843456502,"score_gpt":0.20771089931001147,"score_spread":0.19524591496436128,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4283575014","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97019655,0.00022893625,0.0026031754,0.0022707765,0.0008240737,0.0003234333,0.000062292376,0.000039137503,0.023451628],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990988,0.00007677348,0.000161565,0.00009517237,0.00003661338,0.000029149367,0.000002076303,0.000012901608,0.00048696887],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99921054,0.000004999836,0.00020127781,0.00013005822,0.00034439683,0.000108732],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997512,0.00002382567,0.000013778472,0.00007349023,0.000113618655,0.000024101928],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010880008,0.000107427564,0.00012682583,0.00003403234,0.000083454375,0.0000310741,0.00036434343,0.000041128686,0.00014362171],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000014229937,0.00007658965,0.00008797716,0.0001005973,0.0000370167,0.00008430971,0.000067668225,0.00019609772,3.8759214e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009057926,0.000044146684,0.0016350996,0.00013433836,0.0001267002,1.5942534e-7,0.0007162339,0.018221937,0.87460226,0.10259385,0.0009089351,0.0009257904],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00047113816,0.000086184096,0.0007986429,0.000118227435,0.000055772725,0.000005572987,0.00028633763,0.9007722,0.089785464,0.0035421106,0.003918525,0.00015979368],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003341007,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000035913713,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8825503,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000029843393,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000017963375,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.31232354},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4283579661","doi":"10.11159/ffhmt22.187","title":"Characterizing Non-Newtonian Two-Phase Flow in Airlift Pumps","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the ... International Conference on Fluid Flow, Heat and Mass Transfer","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Ontario Agri-Food Innovation Alliance; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs","keywords":"Airlift; Non-Newtonian fluid; Two-phase flow; Mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Computer science; Newtonian fluid; Materials science; Physics; Chemistry; Bioreactor","score_opus":0.012986717859797154,"score_gpt":0.22879595594978414,"score_spread":0.21580923808998698,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4283579661","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9782905,0.000046371773,0.0012260644,0.0015321462,0.00083497475,0.00028387277,0.00012764079,0.00005838382,0.017600065],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998843,0.000136358,0.00045840486,0.00020545215,0.000073098054,0.00008326215,0.000017052245,0.00003226792,0.00015108212],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99880576,0.000005380881,0.0003243689,0.0002504786,0.00036552735,0.0002484812],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997336,0.000017493096,0.00001289023,0.00008039868,0.00009148887,0.00006411412],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023420292,0.00020376303,0.00022277622,0.00019719097,0.000102091355,0.00008272651,0.000460114,0.000045961428,0.00019445404],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00000922267,0.00018580626,0.00008927309,0.0001540504,0.000041957537,0.00020838398,0.00007893689,0.00035707996,0.000002822845],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000117437485,0.000074405376,0.00050743227,0.000071736045,0.00004726159,0.0000024912997,0.0010284336,0.003877661,0.97620445,0.015571441,0.00009126442,0.0024059783],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015906953,0.00008996233,0.00041872798,0.00014200127,0.0000149384405,0.000011134969,0.0003040282,0.95778704,0.037690993,0.00067788997,0.0010433058,0.00022926516],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000035905272,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000119535525,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9539094,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011376668,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000028871606,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.757696},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4283581585","doi":"10.11159/ffhmt22.181","title":"The Effects of Viscosity and Surface Tension on the Hydrodynamics of Air-Lift Reactor","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the ... International Conference on Fluid Flow, Heat and Mass Transfer","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Surface tension; Viscosity; Lift (data mining); Materials science; Mechanics; Void (composites); Porosity; Work (physics); Two-phase flow; Thermodynamics; Composite material; Flow (mathematics); Physics; Computer science","score_opus":0.007483505189080262,"score_gpt":0.18949995035353048,"score_spread":0.18201644516445023,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4283581585","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9951012,0.0001255799,0.00016505756,0.0011991692,0.00037170452,0.00026160537,0.00004674697,0.000016015945,0.0027128868],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992199,0.0005688966,0.00003980141,0.000054006916,0.000014247649,0.000013118627,0.0000024839794,0.000015140492,0.000072431205],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99915755,0.000010566684,0.00021735695,0.00014181182,0.0003528451,0.00011987322],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99953115,0.00019404362,0.000022263435,0.0000913862,0.00013416767,0.000026962616],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000269085,0.00013430616,0.00016474864,0.000038848688,0.00012348007,0.000023163238,0.00033760152,0.00003676026,0.000008242046],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000043002794,0.00007893061,0.00006814977,0.00007682601,0.0001063875,0.00005864437,0.000076353,0.00022396515,1.8998726e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000116165545,0.000030897067,0.0003988832,0.00012357779,0.00007172929,2.0081995e-7,0.00038427403,0.0013774976,0.8873677,0.10969319,0.00011794358,0.0003179175],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000571386,0.00028118686,0.0016500775,0.0002889204,0.000049803122,0.000005054912,0.0003392055,0.8039278,0.19018705,0.0021958447,0.0003414448,0.00016222343],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000026891077,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005699549,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8025503,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003466661,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014633963,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.32186967},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4284676779","doi":"10.3390/ecp2022-12657","title":"A Scale-Up Approach for Gas Dispersion in Non-Newtonian Fluids with a Coaxial Mixer: Analysis of Mass Transfer","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Impeller; Coaxial; Mixing (physics); Mechanics; Dissipation; Dispersion (optics); Materials science; Mass transfer; Scale (ratio); Mechanical engineering; Physics; Engineering; Thermodynamics; Optics","score_opus":0.0042240208156677705,"score_gpt":0.17877795901286073,"score_spread":0.17455393819719295,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4284676779","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.44389957,0.000019749288,0.5546147,0.00001495821,0.0000807042,0.00020595665,0.00005268396,0.00002912941,0.0010825206],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98503995,0.000010108447,0.014386695,0.000013858052,0.000021273825,0.00011486543,0.00011589859,0.000027930131,0.00026939792],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99922854,0.000011573946,0.00019577004,0.00017771195,0.00017969456,0.0002067316],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99976057,0.00001860833,0.000006520032,0.00015316391,0.00001834671,0.00004277741],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016662836,0.00011591088,0.00028259153,0.0003490067,0.000048882124,0.000010944868,0.00011963246,0.00003701488,0.00006310201],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000001147985,0.000093489645,0.00013869883,0.00081297575,0.000016850323,0.00004524156,0.000016851316,0.00010733018,2.1537726e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015581901,0.00008244726,0.004835048,0.00013279737,0.00041252482,0.0000016781973,0.001435524,0.8827569,0.10837116,0.00026186876,0.00019397873,0.0013602745],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008569994,0.00009427378,0.0006912016,0.0000052595024,0.00021528378,9.596814e-7,0.00071582105,0.9959819,0.0010936743,0.000006737679,0.00019155115,0.0001463786],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001934456,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003666359,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5411404,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008216816,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013210992,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3812397},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4284703662","doi":"10.3390/ecp2022-12649","title":"Prediction of Gas Holdup in an Aerated Coaxial Mixer Containing Yield Stress Fluids for Mixing Process System Development","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Impeller; Mixing (physics); Mechanics; Coaxial; Dispersion (optics); Materials science; Turbulence; Volumetric flow rate; Shear thinning; Volume fraction; Mechanical engineering; Rheology; Composite material; Engineering; Physics; Optics","score_opus":0.02138350303631518,"score_gpt":0.21385747671676245,"score_spread":0.19247397368044727,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4284703662","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9614325,0.000060646158,0.036900915,0.0000035498804,0.00039281888,0.00040535262,0.00005917553,0.00020510724,0.00053993857],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980676,0.000001303928,0.00142512,0.0000066018447,0.00003360401,0.00027876633,0.000118899276,0.00003266155,0.00003541684],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99903524,0.000016614917,0.00038625687,0.00016969007,0.00016392804,0.0002282498],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99972427,0.000039707564,0.000032513864,0.00009637544,0.000063893036,0.000043247575],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00029563563,0.00012035727,0.00018899053,0.00014837949,0.000109495646,0.00002300124,0.000115666706,0.000046730496,0.000020338466],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000012171092,0.00013295037,0.000024703832,0.00018570093,0.0000066260914,0.00012316146,0.000033630313,0.00011774517,2.8451487e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001548403,0.00011071741,0.017398577,0.0014460338,0.000083327875,0.000012236577,0.0071741953,0.86176616,0.10691871,0.0018645024,0.00009613459,0.002974575],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006572433,0.00013360754,0.00088440516,0.000158257,0.0000084903195,0.000004753531,0.006617463,0.96938443,0.02192031,0.0000054270363,0.000073892916,0.00015173553],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000052600877,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00014449109,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.107618265,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022794101,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005913573,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.54215586},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4285464802","doi":"10.32920/ryerson.14649708.v1","title":"Mixing Characteristics of External Loop Airlift Bioreactor using Electrical Resistance Tomography","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Airlift; Distributor; Mixing (physics); Bioreactor; Materials science; Sparging; Mechanics; Superficial velocity; Flow (mathematics); Volumetric flow rate; Work (physics); Mechanical engineering; Chemistry; Engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.010310460143638884,"score_gpt":0.2155559024460532,"score_spread":0.20524544230241432,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4285464802","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7731702,0.0024768033,0.22189187,0.000003923327,0.00091895374,0.00013262054,0.0000472343,0.00017214044,0.0011862991],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9566692,0.00036696513,0.042478707,0.000017196488,0.00020171971,0.0000072797666,0.000057014095,0.00008671155,0.000115221344],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981757,0.000026466842,0.0007442484,0.00038428046,0.00028145924,0.00038784655],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990425,0.00005487305,0.0001487737,0.0004993771,0.00014542756,0.000109013505],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015418012,0.00036119617,0.0006550961,0.0002922342,0.00003610811,0.00011636929,0.00029814013,0.00034564367,0.00004955953],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000040499464,0.0003967919,0.00031297893,0.00030018322,0.000038537644,0.00006649362,0.00024064544,0.0007060614,0.00000126458],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000041997508,0.00016090901,0.027579581,0.0032679522,0.00043629316,0.00022832575,0.0003865416,0.008244632,0.9501959,0.002238801,0.00018481452,0.0070342594],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00038266217,0.000023892211,0.026618,0.0023128202,0.0002543536,0.00002418479,0.00006176178,0.92261165,0.04560157,0.0002472402,0.00035349713,0.0015083629],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000075437536,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000030338548,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.914367,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012864027,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000796368,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998484},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4285594794","doi":"10.1002/cjce.24548","title":"Validation of a procedure for the numerical simulations of gas–liquid stirred tanks by means of a computational fluid dynamics approach","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Computational fluid dynamics; Impeller; Turbulence; Mechanics; Mechanical engineering; Simulation; Computer science; Engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.006022045739415111,"score_gpt":0.18224066150236706,"score_spread":0.17621861576295195,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4285594794","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.66089225,0.00037719874,0.33772317,0.00024346572,0.00014701743,0.00020329132,0.0003817303,0.0000090303965,0.000022820937],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99703497,9.802538e-7,0.0028431532,0.0000067158544,0.00003077989,0.000008643986,0.000046280893,0.000025571868,0.0000029171938],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991378,0.000010578058,0.00043080153,0.000054827236,0.00021280705,0.00015318187],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992953,0.00025346028,0.00012349177,0.000096456504,0.00014278812,0.00008849782],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024206698,0.00009530762,0.00020891981,0.000100079786,0.000058514757,0.000008071519,0.00026226908,0.000037731323,0.000010676477],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012618552,0.0000777784,0.00010990783,0.0002501633,0.0000416044,0.00003444114,0.000015468477,0.00023222291,2.2672367e-8],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016695583,0.000010781198,0.0000090777785,0.00008863357,0.0000865661,2.685328e-7,0.00035570224,0.94177395,0.056570157,0.0008758716,0.00013763738,0.00007467078],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00025159077,0.000041468873,0.0000076173756,0.000023631972,0.00005053425,0.00002516658,0.000060827624,0.9861838,0.013109034,0.00012321118,0.000053341602,0.000069738155],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00011882116,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000012546817,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3361427,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021129669,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00019175003,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.31717113},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4290830784","doi":"10.1002/cjce.24600","title":"A new streamlined bubble‐cap distributor for high gas–liquid ratio and the liquid distribution mechanisms","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Distributor; Bubble; Mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Liquid phase; Distribution (mathematics); Materials science; Mathematics; Mechanical engineering; Thermodynamics; Engineering; Physics; Mathematical analysis","score_opus":0.0031476838726296028,"score_gpt":0.15608345781916252,"score_spread":0.15293577394653293,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4290830784","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.45795274,0.0013548945,0.5360816,0.00291594,0.0009239463,0.00033367757,0.00037092716,0.00005071216,0.000015554979],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99882424,0.0000075006133,0.00074264855,0.000045209017,0.0002558701,0.000020592572,0.000054453823,0.00003216272,0.00001734062],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991385,0.000013732002,0.00030192622,0.00008005436,0.00015333964,0.0003124779],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993099,0.0001489231,0.00005694431,0.00013252598,0.000051692037,0.00029999288],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00042344682,0.00014634877,0.00021486147,0.0000484013,0.00018599919,0.00006959537,0.00028429079,0.000045682227,0.000030913452],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015223613,0.00010702779,0.00009731283,0.00014114597,0.000031651693,0.0000656706,0.000030515903,0.00038385298,2.9961296e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00043782112,0.000006618547,8.781579e-7,0.000074507734,0.00024259117,0.000025674126,0.00053002,0.59948707,0.22202761,0.1726003,0.0037401447,0.00082675036],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0033379986,0.00033205142,0.000006929108,0.00007480005,0.00018751691,0.00036947805,0.00008088868,0.87268955,0.110501826,0.004141869,0.007826695,0.000450415],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006113356,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00011840984,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5408715,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00038433648,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00020940769,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.43644667},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4293115888","doi":"10.11159/htff22.156","title":"Experimental Investigation on Pressure Drop In Liquid-Liquid Taylor Flow Regimes","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the World Congress on Mechanical, Chemical, and Material Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Science Foundation Ireland","keywords":"Pressure drop; Mechanics; Liquid flow; Flow (mathematics); Materials science; Drop (telecommunication); Petroleum engineering; Environmental science; Thermodynamics; Physics; Mechanical engineering; Geology; Engineering","score_opus":0.0065491698971597385,"score_gpt":0.18607850318552221,"score_spread":0.17952933328836249,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4293115888","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9977458,0.00004752478,0.000002256008,0.00012222107,0.0013262618,0.00027935667,0.000031150666,0.00016849092,0.00027694835],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989035,0.000014914184,0.00055421016,0.00006174916,0.00012575874,0.00016263491,0.000006668453,0.00006407723,0.00010644488],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99880904,0.000006112955,0.00033755388,0.00029194646,0.0002648022,0.0002905199],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996533,0.00003439952,0.00006827452,0.00013252423,0.000025276753,0.00008622164],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001782391,0.0002552443,0.0002989493,0.00015946435,0.000080794096,0.00005936863,0.000338729,0.00006926774,0.000047126756],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004144021,0.0002370496,0.0000643965,0.00024593633,0.000036789766,0.00011023456,0.00027965626,0.00032733087,6.751367e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00026157626,0.000035335343,0.0000012129705,0.00018137007,0.000025799425,9.8181e-7,0.000038196893,0.014383936,0.9759541,0.008706409,0.00037854438,0.000032500968],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00039887746,0.00015873302,0.000001031129,0.00017690589,0.000015238012,0.000004500074,0.0000535504,0.10971366,0.887752,0.000058075442,0.0014423949,0.00022506784],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000070425544,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.59959e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.095329724,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009702583,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000070447077,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9666602},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4293115976","doi":"10.11159/htff22.188","title":"Eulerian Approach to CFD Analysis of a Bubble Column Reactor – A Review","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Proceedings of the World Congress on Mechanical, Chemical, and Material Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Computational fluid dynamics; Bubble; Eulerian path; Column (typography); Computer science; Mechanics; Mechanical engineering; Physics; Engineering","score_opus":0.01564583774097889,"score_gpt":0.2322632121531789,"score_spread":0.21661737441220003,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4293115976","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.008373713,0.97504276,0.000019892415,0.00006593716,0.0048101447,0.005445337,0.0014025167,0.00080906623,0.004030658],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0010241821,0.9965599,0.001406895,0.000035183526,0.000120952376,0.0004902918,0.00006588766,0.00016136898,0.00013531525],"study_design_codex":"systematic_review","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9976425,0.000010359117,0.0010493529,0.00051636156,0.00038025642,0.0004011544],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989645,0.00010145682,0.00032281052,0.0003609824,0.00007006128,0.00018020504],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00040966528,0.00057621713,0.0026729696,0.00052570424,0.000044771652,0.00007675653,0.0008784509,0.00017333172,0.00008235265],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016696991,0.00047689732,0.00064287946,0.0018545899,0.000033578122,0.00006828699,0.0005189846,0.00044013982,8.392228e-7],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009622326,0.00041617182,5.5086105e-7,0.52119714,0.008813025,0.000003670295,0.000044387263,0.0018061507,0.38202408,0.02283929,0.009897092,0.05286221],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00019473566,0.000048243877,1.559801e-7,0.028111404,0.005993469,0.0000113532,0.000010257144,0.00920855,0.027978497,0.000014617321,0.9275356,0.0008931527],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008638124,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":8.80661e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9176385,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014881116,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000026354512,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99976826},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4293825700","doi":"10.1002/cjce.24609","title":"Bubbles in a sand fluidized bed unit for the gasification of coffee waste biomass. A probabilistic based fluid‐dynamic description","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas; Universidad de Costa Rica","keywords":"Fluidized bed; Bubble; Probabilistic logic; Biomass (ecology); Range (aeronautics); Mechanics; Population; Environmental science; Particle (ecology); Petroleum engineering; Materials science; Waste management; Pulp and paper industry; Mathematics; Composite material; Physics; Geology; Engineering; Statistics","score_opus":0.012642189876484348,"score_gpt":0.18513140471982192,"score_spread":0.17248921484333757,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4293825700","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9861409,0.001443935,0.011425012,0.00032940233,0.00029228837,0.0003017624,0.000041269966,0.000015601998,0.000009820193],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99923164,0.00000495742,0.0006211729,0.000012556662,0.00003711024,0.00004441345,0.000011621511,0.000033532033,0.000003001058],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990987,0.000020207071,0.00040481923,0.00007354084,0.00015254183,0.0002501776],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993385,0.00024414156,0.00007057845,0.00016011795,0.000074476106,0.000112200934],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005871989,0.00012158834,0.00019660222,0.00022558997,0.00008062039,0.000031924395,0.00032115346,0.00004140428,0.000014276709],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00019132707,0.00009582807,0.0000966979,0.00033660617,0.000040243394,0.000054457032,0.0000121386865,0.00026910345,1.5695258e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000017635537,0.0000043837404,0.000020541715,0.000073080504,0.000025055086,0.0000026622295,0.00017029386,0.42722228,0.5719833,0.00024128104,0.00003651604,0.0002029872],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006314109,0.000029343682,0.00006144066,0.00007401929,0.000044236833,0.000028095665,0.000057868252,0.94678277,0.051793884,0.00018123176,0.00020810786,0.000107585176],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003845146,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00042389828,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5201894,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00045104063,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022105651,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.39077556},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4294142494","doi":"10.1002/cjce.24629","title":"Effect of resistance internal on hydrodynamic behaviours and bubble characteristics in a laboratory‐scale bubble column","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities; National Key Research and Development Program of China; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Bubble; Sauter mean diameter; Materials science; Mechanics; Breakup; Work (physics); Environmental science; Thermodynamics; Physics; Nozzle","score_opus":0.0015061858458014254,"score_gpt":0.1592331270669692,"score_spread":0.1577269412211678,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4294142494","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9990394,0.00038424635,0.000058289403,0.000048081623,0.00027090008,0.00006534298,0.000059790123,0.000009208222,0.00006474304],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99982697,0.000004120829,0.000060336373,0.0000119974775,0.00004045681,0.0000052753294,0.0000027635451,0.000029690897,0.000018388562],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99923784,0.000022893952,0.00029594812,0.00006940949,0.00014670177,0.0002272029],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995373,0.00009959141,0.000059460697,0.00010922725,0.000025608171,0.00016883617],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00046626022,0.00011721645,0.00025051937,0.00016943652,0.00003922882,0.000023578272,0.00021769202,0.00003846659,0.000012732328],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006170003,0.00011089668,0.000045217053,0.0001925808,0.00003283876,0.000042062667,0.00002086999,0.00055739534,2.3854108e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00022736138,0.000035148176,0.010874735,0.00055706006,0.00014563069,0.000516362,0.0018467207,0.485201,0.4977979,0.00060577894,0.0006420695,0.0015502248],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002726226,0.0006909159,0.006550233,0.0011451512,0.00014532947,0.00032146834,0.00007830363,0.87483233,0.11086687,0.00008253153,0.0016956967,0.00086492905],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003910792,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00078494806,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.38963133,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004006062,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008036955,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.45222354},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4295942119","doi":"10.1002/cjce.24660","title":"Experimental investigation on dynamic behaviour of bubbles emerging from micro‐capillary orifice in a flow channel","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province","keywords":"Bubble; Mechanics; Body orifice; Volumetric flow rate; Capillary action; Flow (mathematics); Materials science; Volume (thermodynamics); Liquid bubble; Inrush current; Thermodynamics; Mechanical engineering; Physics; Engineering; Electrical engineering; Composite material","score_opus":0.00677108280235001,"score_gpt":0.17421592594180435,"score_spread":0.16744484313945435,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4295942119","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9975269,0.0015645872,0.00025718333,0.0000819171,0.00044835717,0.00005637007,0.000032212713,0.000013119262,0.000019361089],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993381,0.00000434816,0.0005158208,0.000025539597,0.0000565534,0.0000061146607,0.000014344243,0.00003594061,0.000003267551],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99918836,0.000013773398,0.0003302959,0.000078332116,0.0001647401,0.00022451645],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996051,0.000045535704,0.000054718977,0.00011121185,0.000020878717,0.00016252499],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018637498,0.00012630058,0.00018454688,0.00024144507,0.000048090817,0.000017214186,0.00025272943,0.00004281401,0.00002861548],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002469395,0.00012713426,0.00006801215,0.00020777421,0.000022746439,0.000061115024,0.00002092938,0.00047352808,5.209432e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000041830194,0.000004152374,0.00007391845,0.000008499671,0.00001626979,0.000025960762,0.0011449057,0.48970774,0.5088745,0.000042962805,0.000026369637,0.000070582646],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00032314917,0.000032276377,0.00025915535,0.00011470256,0.000013697185,0.00004629424,0.00025709698,0.7051129,0.29351434,0.00011368929,0.00004744983,0.00016529622],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014699987,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00022564395,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2154051,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005794383,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009955226,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.51843846},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4296044823","doi":"10.1002/cjce.24664","title":"Experimental investigation of liquid–liquid flow in an inclined pipe using dimensionless numbers","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Mechanics; Stratified flow; Flow (mathematics); Isothermal flow; Hele-Shaw flow; Flow coefficient; Buoyancy; Slug flow; Open-channel flow; Two-phase flow; Dimensionless quantity; Materials science; Pipe flow; Inertia; Geology; Physics; Turbulence; Classical mechanics","score_opus":0.010683793477968346,"score_gpt":0.20260343172021433,"score_spread":0.19191963824224598,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4296044823","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9986432,0.00039917327,0.00047345762,0.00004850046,0.0003446241,0.00005496817,0.0000057557195,0.00001265849,0.000017636374],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99829394,0.000001342631,0.0015525158,0.000029690329,0.00008082641,0.0000026193925,0.000004650595,0.00003336095,0.0000010816674],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99916095,0.000024635045,0.0003533108,0.000062580344,0.00017175564,0.0002267684],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995087,0.000032144548,0.000053841803,0.00011079268,0.00003736866,0.00025717673],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003275091,0.00010560063,0.00017778864,0.000211482,0.000064446256,0.000014107282,0.00022398605,0.000044549848,0.00002632442],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000027530792,0.000109384695,0.00005329675,0.00024722423,0.000039424503,0.00012522774,0.000025180718,0.0003808391,1.3696221e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011341353,0.0000023402556,0.000019173807,0.000007691166,0.000007596223,0.000011975109,0.0011312527,0.4878001,0.51091695,0.0000757918,0.0000050911367,0.000010678713],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00026596827,0.00006637327,0.000013404363,0.00006833309,0.000009728862,0.00006002936,0.00018774075,0.6418354,0.35729223,0.000012866183,0.00005780345,0.0001301289],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009829185,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00023616325,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1540353,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00063141884,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00021929637,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.44605783},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4296087113","doi":"10.1002/cjce.24645","title":"An integrated <scp>CFD</scp> methodology for tracking fluid interfaces and solid distributions in a vortexing stirred tank","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Tata Consultancy Services","keywords":"Impeller; Computational fluid dynamics; Suspension (topology); Dispersion (optics); Volume (thermodynamics); Materials science; Mechanics; Work (physics); Particle (ecology); Phase (matter); Vortex; Tracking (education); SCALE-UP; Scale (ratio); Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Physics; Mathematics; Classical mechanics; Optics","score_opus":0.019720016248351766,"score_gpt":0.24040853554006855,"score_spread":0.2206885192917168,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4296087113","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.91558135,0.0009824344,0.082742155,0.00010884788,0.00037235592,0.000101126745,0.00007316393,0.000027838047,0.000010747513],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9951661,0.0000052975406,0.004666998,0.000016499562,0.00007413048,0.00001554362,0.000015566517,0.00003488351,0.000004959748],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990384,0.000036251546,0.00036237898,0.00010036131,0.00008372931,0.0003788673],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99916553,0.00038064952,0.00004848283,0.00010299322,0.00005438191,0.00024794418],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000738987,0.00014303808,0.00026125443,0.00022782008,0.0001099834,0.00006848603,0.00028191062,0.00006049298,0.000006648355],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004977182,0.00013425545,0.00005814563,0.00024336537,0.0000377127,0.00012027454,0.000020864383,0.0005966425,1.09638236e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000037268776,0.000004820745,0.00006061199,0.000029006096,0.000049986716,0.000024241052,0.0011367588,0.53226835,0.46402857,0.00062366796,0.000116828574,0.0016534402],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00040246084,0.000064327876,0.00014670946,0.00007078623,0.000034754175,0.00029173106,0.00043157543,0.94379705,0.05210523,0.0004248093,0.0021206012,0.00010995869],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000412247,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007122293,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.41192332,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004245443,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013480162,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5474778},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4296270223","doi":"10.1002/cjce.24651","title":"Drag models coupled with <scp>CFD–PBM</scp> method for simulation in bubble columns","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Drag; Bubble; Mechanics; Wake; Computational fluid dynamics; Drag coefficient; Flow (mathematics); Physics","score_opus":0.008388665677476235,"score_gpt":0.19692006267447307,"score_spread":0.18853139699699684,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4296270223","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.60345525,0.00039851887,0.39542776,0.00007886812,0.00023240493,0.00020138097,0.000021310978,0.00002900041,0.00015553544],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9908486,0.0000011814398,0.008931444,0.000034366596,0.00008112179,0.000020717593,0.0000044273256,0.00005074644,0.000027380693],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99914885,0.000009903384,0.0002711427,0.00007761288,0.00015744589,0.00033507324],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99926525,0.0003162109,0.00004513469,0.0001066493,0.00005838921,0.00020836336],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00045157233,0.00012236035,0.00021180577,0.00018537018,0.00007584855,0.00004278136,0.00023137097,0.000043837077,0.000007847794],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008784373,0.00011249417,0.00006529002,0.00026001208,0.000011712304,0.00010379095,0.000013381675,0.0004285561,2.0658238e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000036162949,0.0000027294432,0.000010406325,0.000024793992,0.000032704196,0.000014646298,0.00046710207,0.98054856,0.017962705,0.0007255966,0.00008178074,0.00012535599],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00047068862,0.000030134652,0.000012231366,0.00003147735,0.000020274983,0.00005301838,0.000046449477,0.99645555,0.0014089597,0.0004465385,0.000957575,0.000067103],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005778059,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006674443,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3873934,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005222004,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00017615223,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4587379},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4296508633","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4223283","title":"Two-Phase Flow Pattern Identification in Caes Systems with Dimensional Analysis Coupled with Support Vector Machine","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Windsor","funders":"","keywords":"Froude number; Reynolds number; Flow (mathematics); Slippage; Dimensionless quantity; Capillary action; Plot (graphics); Pipe flow; Open-channel flow","score_opus":0.0028266092032142413,"score_gpt":0.20095069843988722,"score_spread":0.198124089236673,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4296508633","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8896191,0.0010755522,0.10887131,0.000043541808,0.00014906649,0.00013771253,0.00003139239,0.00004776376,0.00002453674],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99936473,0.00011131462,0.000051260307,0.000010639573,0.00005247552,0.000037116297,0.0001584861,0.000041958425,0.00017200912],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99806255,0.000054384873,0.00033733444,0.00018856295,0.00040372513,0.0009534449],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996023,0.00002124013,0.00009574059,0.00016892015,0.00004706151,0.00006469993],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009429924,0.00016570587,0.00025494336,0.00039163764,0.00018023944,0.000055180375,0.00016325364,0.000021202906,0.000068057874],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000003035602,0.00013864019,0.00006550225,0.00065523176,0.00001337698,0.000120953526,0.000022227283,0.0010826057,0.0000032666294],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000072034534,0.00007550558,0.005590073,0.000010488345,0.00075542304,0.00005823298,0.00014167071,0.9895873,0.0023055465,0.00065413094,0.000007585158,0.0007419997],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0017971625,0.00032125576,0.0014105652,0.000009977338,0.0002256255,0.0005547074,0.0004344426,0.99491584,0.000016056649,0.00009217114,0.000023629402,0.00019854603],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00045984917,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0078334985,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.10974562,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0011993566,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00040505032,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5653583},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4297198887","doi":"10.1002/cjce.24672","title":"Power consumption in a moving baffle oscillatory baffled reactor: A <scp>CFD</scp> study","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Baffle; Computational fluid dynamics; Mechanics; Power (physics); Viscosity; Amplitude; Mixing (physics); Environmental science; Materials science; Simulation; Thermodynamics; Engineering; Mechanical engineering; Physics; Optics","score_opus":0.006489590652571518,"score_gpt":0.1793056691491672,"score_spread":0.1728160784965957,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4297198887","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99804056,0.00077731395,0.00012778962,0.000026446134,0.000578998,0.00012928197,0.000007915235,0.000035760837,0.00027591025],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997291,0.0000029169478,0.000093614624,0.000026890646,0.00007324344,0.000010397432,0.0000013035444,0.000047808277,0.000014746098],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.998845,0.000026521331,0.00038521638,0.00010131988,0.00024555987,0.00039639082],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999303,0.00015084447,0.00005486397,0.0001713387,0.000029457775,0.0002905206],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005990623,0.00015962057,0.00023800322,0.00033006733,0.00007543122,0.00005272501,0.0003384532,0.00004948008,0.00005085602],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017176411,0.00015473636,0.00008371893,0.000262263,0.000020748743,0.00010069704,0.00004019512,0.0008506484,0.0000030365916],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004667231,0.000032412252,0.006495977,0.000042847383,0.00012575771,0.00033968315,0.0054366947,0.78961045,0.19660833,0.0003085198,0.0007962854,0.00019834541],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003729573,0.00030010944,0.016940018,0.00029121706,0.00012611941,0.0011796098,0.0027129855,0.9463029,0.011420564,0.00018450564,0.016101312,0.0007111172],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00038540259,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00048357356,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.18518777,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009179099,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015615574,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6309966},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4298012246","doi":"10.1061/(asce)hy.1943-7900.0002020","title":"Generation of Supersaturated Total Dissolved Gases from Low-Level Outlets at Hydropower Facilities","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Hydraulic Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"BC Hydro (Canada); University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Entrainment (biomusicology); Supersaturation; Environmental science; Air entrainment; Turbulence; Bubble; Hydropower; Mass transfer; Environmental engineering; Hydrology (agriculture); Meteorology; Geology; Mechanics; Geotechnical engineering; Chemistry; Engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.01823349570570477,"score_gpt":0.19519438955332735,"score_spread":0.1769608938476226,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4298012246","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9854068,0.0017999546,0.011117115,0.000030042109,0.0012840722,0.000057982546,0.00015129286,0.00004931942,0.000103383696],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984953,0.00006502615,0.0010106299,0.000009763804,0.00019187482,0.0000038908797,0.00004262529,0.000041333868,0.00013957071],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988164,0.000016813177,0.00052085315,0.00010038671,0.00033149705,0.00021408264],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99957097,0.00005950972,0.000088913264,0.00014159619,0.000054985405,0.00008405597],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014542778,0.00017614392,0.0003106257,0.00018608084,0.00006399787,0.000021702475,0.00015094447,0.000044386972,0.00025913192],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000043169428,0.0001808311,0.0001545163,0.0001382329,0.000013179745,0.00018140479,0.00007384655,0.000296121,0.00000255005],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008792556,0.000012585082,0.000044174205,0.000025125955,0.000077490186,0.000026154534,0.0005426486,0.6109007,0.38784385,0.000013147483,0.00033539833,0.00016992875],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004982544,0.00008234636,0.000880525,0.00004989456,0.000032191132,0.00010735683,0.00024300968,0.9510709,0.045278706,0.000008756291,0.0015163036,0.00023172227],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000036836987,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008212002,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.34256515,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00026773426,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002152629,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.73740786},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4302293055","doi":"10.1002/cjce.24706","title":"Effect of operating factors on liquid–liquid mass transfer and dispersion pattern of sedimentary liquid in a mechanically stirred vessel","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Impeller; Baffle; Mass transfer; Dispersion (optics); Liquid liquid; Rotational speed; Rotation (mathematics); Materials science; Mechanics; Chemistry; Chromatography; Thermodynamics; Optics; Geometry; Mechanical engineering; Physics; Engineering","score_opus":0.003345631713669578,"score_gpt":0.16949086340140213,"score_spread":0.16614523168773254,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4302293055","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9981855,0.00030269605,0.0010861789,0.000094295414,0.0001837348,0.00010125568,0.000028258597,0.0000078866915,0.000010199909],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9998519,0.000008202942,0.000046222318,0.000020234773,0.00003120074,0.0000037709647,0.0000043084656,0.00003328493,9.0584905e-7],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990692,0.00003462066,0.00039253116,0.00008344233,0.00018940154,0.00023081139],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994956,0.00017066943,0.000032030788,0.000099673955,0.000019606448,0.00018237851],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004361594,0.00015335824,0.00030995728,0.00018282235,0.000035485064,0.000009662605,0.00021447435,0.000051358344,0.00002601391],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004360513,0.00012621407,0.0000859703,0.0001454638,0.000021476846,0.00005637899,0.0000208535,0.00049569417,7.02047e-8],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009657721,0.0000043335904,0.000028929071,0.00010216362,0.000045543362,0.000016687432,0.0005563543,0.2357817,0.7632328,0.000024280898,0.0000061253686,0.00010450453],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006670523,0.0014189864,0.000019966028,0.00028209088,0.00004080812,0.000027652854,0.000065355634,0.12701482,0.8702733,0.0000018106043,0.00002769632,0.00016049169],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00065608224,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000065797685,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.108766876,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002292109,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005579088,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.51468605},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4306404154","doi":"10.1016/j.cep.2022.109179","title":"Numerical studies on effects of geometrical parameters of internals on bubble column hydrodynamics","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering and Processing - Process Intensification","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Western University","keywords":"Bundle; Mechanics; Concentric; Computational fluid dynamics; Bubble; Tube (container); Population; Work (physics); Eulerian path; Column (typography); Computer simulation; Simulation; Materials science; Mathematics; Mechanical engineering; Physics; Engineering; Geometry; Mathematical analysis","score_opus":0.011471189413112735,"score_gpt":0.237645090096003,"score_spread":0.22617390068289026,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4306404154","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9900954,0.0012978633,0.007961173,0.0000301178,0.00025144353,0.00013823228,0.000006182801,0.00015596247,0.000063639476],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986203,0.00005818022,0.0011329597,0.000026399503,0.000020187816,0.00007576955,0.000012434764,0.000041290186,0.000012535651],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988693,0.000010014151,0.00040750997,0.00024998575,0.00027016932,0.00019303418],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992567,0.0002811502,0.00011050608,0.0001476272,0.00014125704,0.00006280936],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016511355,0.00019072714,0.0003699002,0.0002519574,0.000048502803,0.00001520597,0.00016063085,0.0000637354,0.0000011348843],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006471083,0.00019525256,0.000052537864,0.0005611322,0.00005875245,0.000054990996,0.0000398617,0.0003517998,4.50003e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000062181636,0.00011968475,0.00006000451,0.003347058,0.00009641586,0.0000032015607,0.0012238162,0.8295931,0.15445814,0.0003949626,0.00003766502,0.010603738],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00020523061,0.00015292298,0.00005569894,0.00037257795,0.000025659696,0.000008459637,0.00012289503,0.8019645,0.1967818,0.00012095062,0.00001813077,0.00017115891],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000027710576,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.3162949e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.042323668,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000115078066,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015551388,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.79621685},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4306989184","doi":"10.1002/cjce.24730","title":"An improved correlation for dry pressure losses across static mixers at high Reynolds numbers","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Pressure drop; Tortuosity; Mechanics; Reynolds number; Surface finish; Scaling; Porosity; Computational fluid dynamics; Mass transfer; Surface roughness; Materials science; Turbulence; Geometry; Composite material; Mathematics; Physics","score_opus":0.0037009225789149435,"score_gpt":0.1864628036239473,"score_spread":0.18276188104503235,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4306989184","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98228186,0.0005409365,0.015710948,0.00013061782,0.0009783128,0.00014974026,0.00014794653,0.000040025167,0.000019618532],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99824923,0.0000024248186,0.0014275105,0.00003578354,0.00013230421,0.000014269037,0.000020246258,0.00005219536,0.000066010194],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991589,0.000008980812,0.00026561652,0.000081500824,0.00013022707,0.00035475867],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993792,0.000087161825,0.00005801079,0.0001467636,0.00005213131,0.00027673205],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00027712138,0.00012690762,0.00016453178,0.000063884436,0.00018101056,0.000054491265,0.00028519362,0.00005327465,0.00004024987],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000059498314,0.000120882054,0.000079968384,0.00012140871,0.000025979893,0.00014580927,0.00001795945,0.00035914438,5.022385e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001223607,0.000002515253,0.000053354583,0.000052385418,0.000063031344,0.0000071305576,0.0007104225,0.9208335,0.07742653,0.00019210107,0.0003134451,0.00033331278],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00039377768,0.00004446214,0.00006192122,0.000022922355,0.000039726143,0.00005124712,0.000075753676,0.9884384,0.006296985,0.00010196367,0.0043054507,0.0001673556],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007739522,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005176166,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.071129546,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00049573,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000102392645,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.49294272},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4308239199","doi":"10.1007/s00348-022-03526-2","title":"Experimental investigation of substrate roughness effects on high-acceleration film splitting","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Experiments in Fluids","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Materials science; Viscous fingering; Substrate (aquarium); Viscosity; Cavitation; Surface finish; Acceleration; Surface roughness; Optics; Mechanics; Newtonian fluid; Viscous liquid; Composite material; Classical mechanics; Physics","score_opus":0.011646287061426763,"score_gpt":0.23362346110827845,"score_spread":0.2219771740468517,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4308239199","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9967484,0.00053715915,0.0003475538,0.000007949839,0.00096740766,0.00025698863,0.000006924891,0.00009104364,0.001036569],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99863565,0.000004091295,0.00085559534,0.00004814071,0.000059694426,0.00023967269,0.00006092186,0.00004032469,0.000055931192],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99893755,0.00006648634,0.00032070308,0.00020511635,0.0002582508,0.00021189412],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996838,0.000040380393,0.000035812922,0.00018752481,0.000010635836,0.000041832598],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017069803,0.00016195905,0.00017901178,0.00015077628,0.00010097457,0.000022989028,0.000141214,0.000042729178,0.00009659089],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000007502404,0.00019610036,0.00003624794,0.0002334298,0.000019813262,0.00014477913,0.000067526016,0.00016253356,0.0000049281084],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001876624,0.000046709018,0.00076615607,0.000031164793,0.000013128382,0.000007920483,0.0031365994,0.058574244,0.9341607,0.0028409886,0.000096509975,0.00030712906],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006710625,0.00015576383,0.0027292648,0.00003838107,0.0000022318497,0.0000013259156,0.0005181418,0.082388386,0.91319084,0.000090728885,0.000041646963,0.00017224568],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000051086874,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000010718093,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.023814138,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003853831,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002168536,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.79967403},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4308422217","doi":"10.1061/(asce)ee.1943-7870.0002081","title":"Theoretical Translation of Clean Water to Wastewater Oxygen Transfer Rates","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Conestoga College","funders":"","keywords":"Wastewater; Aeration; Chemistry; Mass transfer; Mass transfer coefficient; Activated sludge; Oxygen; Sewage treatment; Environmental chemistry; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Chromatography; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.003101700571734969,"score_gpt":0.15804166883678977,"score_spread":0.1549399682650548,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4308422217","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98192424,0.00014052299,0.017439168,0.000045978784,0.0002605179,0.00006852299,0.00001687446,0.000013604867,0.00009056706],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99862,0.000026031541,0.0012405918,0.000012257734,0.00004775933,0.0000033820445,0.000004160285,0.000037799844,0.000008060873],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99921846,0.000010763653,0.00032795593,0.00006112974,0.00020999851,0.00017170906],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99982643,0.000016340331,0.000009934437,0.000070593866,0.0000024351561,0.00007427523],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018768608,0.00010712151,0.00016469057,0.00012866131,0.000026489208,0.0000074547797,0.000116501586,0.000023839253,0.0006620465],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000001304106,0.00009025901,0.000101044156,0.000041436317,0.0000138488,0.000084845546,0.000024579353,0.00019135984,0.0000034355494],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013351737,0.000013767457,0.0000142516255,0.000012617779,0.000025777277,0.0000062821723,0.0005329382,0.48951212,0.5086587,0.00020898714,0.0000045357374,0.0009966498],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00086819706,0.000394851,0.00135364,0.000037688136,0.00005854452,0.00015162857,0.0004728341,0.36001718,0.6336274,0.00011240172,0.0025758268,0.0003297765],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":3.6711418e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.0063177e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12949492,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000092712944,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000019141708,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.72489446},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4308885728","doi":"10.1063/5.0116853","title":"Numerical simulation of bubbly jets in crossflow using OpenFOAM","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physics of Fluids","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Alberta","keywords":"Mechanics; Physics; Jet (fluid); Vortex; Bubble; Vorticity; Turbulence; Computational fluid dynamics; Reynolds number","score_opus":0.01932395768432884,"score_gpt":0.2614790636386162,"score_spread":0.24215510595428738,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4308885728","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.90047216,0.0001198352,0.09865742,0.0000045007073,0.00013352279,0.00007986468,0.000017574277,0.000022745338,0.00049234706],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986093,0.0000037154098,0.001303066,0.000006155418,0.000037705442,0.000004181412,0.0000090698295,0.00002101777,0.0000057913485],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994111,0.00001361116,0.00021337229,0.00008169062,0.00015912527,0.000121091056],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997619,0.000037867638,0.000024942643,0.0001304061,0.000026518697,0.000018408864],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000091454975,0.00007221815,0.0001639269,0.000062540974,0.000030129839,0.000005937656,0.000110208864,0.000016982549,0.000014539871],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000010468779,0.00009013596,0.00004826255,0.00034088021,0.000016189242,0.00009672999,0.00006167999,0.000097551,6.886567e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005252805,0.00003416017,0.0006409862,0.00003666167,0.000008427749,8.869465e-7,0.00029668224,0.8625019,0.13338815,0.0013553844,0.000004619434,0.0017268629],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002187946,0.00002396679,0.0004954361,0.0000125513825,0.0000041143458,3.8357814e-7,0.000023186934,0.99104834,0.0069269272,0.0010918299,0.00007225832,0.000082228544],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00011379237,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":9.96914e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1285464,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000093284136,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000030402085,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.36756378},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4309692319","doi":"10.1002/cjce.24778","title":"A continuous flow reactor for the flexible production of different formulations: <scp>CFD</scp>‐aided design","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Regione Toscana","keywords":"Computational fluid dynamics; Pressure drop; Laminar flow; Mixing (physics); Process engineering; Production (economics); Flow (mathematics); Computer science; Continuous production; Turbulence; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Mechanics; Aerospace engineering; Environmental engineering","score_opus":0.012621232898442004,"score_gpt":0.18287312417150275,"score_spread":0.17025189127306076,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4309692319","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8264822,0.0018927125,0.16854388,0.00041523244,0.0019126419,0.00060407445,0.000033468103,0.000056142413,0.00005969667],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976515,0.0000065191944,0.0020012248,0.000013105674,0.00020672975,0.000035095385,0.0000036612996,0.000035444144,0.000046722096],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99921584,0.000011194197,0.00030975937,0.000062641586,0.0001511243,0.00024942635],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99920714,0.00036113916,0.000073400224,0.00015282133,0.00007982043,0.00012568415],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00038169813,0.00011403233,0.0001842016,0.00011293472,0.00011243925,0.000028783621,0.00026760768,0.00003338396,0.0000072885423],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00039153936,0.000080942926,0.00011444189,0.00015762594,0.000021567976,0.00006356817,0.00001449317,0.00032295918,1.9547566e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000041443864,0.0000042764673,0.000011175859,0.000032829565,0.00008243183,0.0000016063028,0.00046404262,0.819651,0.17719282,0.0007349912,0.0011577143,0.0006629761],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00026590948,0.0000443054,0.00005391431,0.000044243086,0.000064956665,0.00008302085,0.00008939721,0.8989539,0.09694792,0.00048525952,0.002902979,0.00006417227],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010496939,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004556435,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.17116934,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00037799578,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010884073,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.33007565},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4310731499","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2022.104343","title":"Two-phase flow pattern identification in CAES systems with dimensional analysis coupled with support vector machine","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Hydro One (Canada); University of Windsor","funders":"","keywords":"Froude number; Reynolds number; Slippage; Mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Dimensionless quantity; Two-phase flow; Phase (matter); Materials science; Physics; Mathematics; Turbulence","score_opus":0.0056453187868554106,"score_gpt":0.24111798999652076,"score_spread":0.23547267120966536,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4310731499","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8238155,0.0001904069,0.17445554,0.00009084009,0.000940403,0.00012701252,0.00033205806,0.000026850981,0.0000213665],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99697196,0.000013959055,0.002400415,0.00003329906,0.0001398018,0.000024007877,0.00033656534,0.00003364191,0.000046335655],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9980526,0.000050403458,0.0006448669,0.00016694701,0.0009111859,0.00017401563],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991249,0.00007649724,0.00024388511,0.00014241823,0.00031803522,0.000094254116],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004551163,0.00017439362,0.00030752082,0.00079845404,0.000061564664,0.00007399684,0.0003215309,0.000023782539,0.0002240793],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000016855582,0.00014541058,0.000113336275,0.00037458434,0.00002194039,0.00023361573,0.000039651564,0.00032204317,0.0000032714368],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00035938917,0.00028947645,0.005257535,0.000010515001,0.0011723721,0.0009648583,0.00029170723,0.98271996,0.0070880787,0.000012090216,0.00006134617,0.0017726638],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00535437,0.00020298678,0.0024612497,0.000042681662,0.00017079139,0.00041883293,0.000109043154,0.9907717,0.00016199356,0.00000229496,0.00012987327,0.00017415137],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00023044035,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00044313082,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.17315644,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00038394288,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000075224365,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.59296715},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4312180885","doi":"10.1080/10916466.2022.2158198","title":"Investigation of the liquid carryovers in the branching T-junction, based on historical data","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Petroleum Science and Technology","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Digitization; Anchoring; Branching (polymer chemistry); Data collection; Computer science; Statistics; Materials science; Mathematics; Engineering","score_opus":0.011590296587612545,"score_gpt":0.19016875943599543,"score_spread":0.17857846284838289,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4312180885","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99468577,0.0000994294,0.00061451795,0.0037121451,0.0003210214,0.000047987647,0.0000038082212,0.000040941446,0.00047436298],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99976945,0.0000045637166,0.000056648034,0.00014131714,0.0000065024465,0.000010414403,0.0000012941704,0.000003130589,0.000006701668],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99941295,0.000016366388,0.000087935165,0.00013954529,0.00023156083,0.00011163749],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995416,0.00003016244,0.000020204645,0.00038554828,0.000013259689,0.000009270604],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006839549,0.000041832824,0.000053530854,0.00024343583,0.0002066137,0.000008600332,0.0006417234,0.000020958685,0.0000017250882],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010177973,0.000028840052,0.000006730544,0.0010649596,0.00017751858,0.00006940459,0.00016315583,0.00022363142,1.5862402e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000040152783,0.00006476188,0.045473225,0.00006908518,0.000010960404,0.00000959219,0.0015068076,0.4544763,0.42146215,0.06360275,0.0032315573,0.010052661],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00014376103,0.00009650912,0.0027267253,0.000006856387,0.0000036014196,0.0000073121887,0.00026690596,0.9901634,0.0009883964,0.00047767657,0.005061974,0.000056887755],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006895761,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004685306,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5356871,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019543046,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006085662,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.15891264},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4313479452","doi":"10.1016/j.ces.2022.118440","title":"Effects of air discharge on bubble dynamics in vertically discharged bubble plumes","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Science","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Nozzle; Turbulence; Mechanics; Aeration; Materials science; Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Physics","score_opus":0.0027210426964290398,"score_gpt":0.18679410737356744,"score_spread":0.1840730646771384,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4313479452","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9941966,0.000056062294,0.004323646,0.000044198627,0.00039214196,0.00013171104,0.00000675324,0.00039154972,0.00045732225],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990175,0.000023174076,0.0008179944,0.000010170082,0.000025179805,0.000024783158,0.0000071596155,0.000034475328,0.00003957192],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99861944,0.0000028526083,0.00023563714,0.00027160908,0.00031744095,0.0005530245],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99943686,0.00015959113,0.000013221987,0.00022459553,0.00002414088,0.00014159307],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023034684,0.00017481993,0.00022273426,0.00028770056,0.000028204347,0.00002143508,0.00039306685,0.00006997766,0.0000029052],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00035172846,0.00017193137,0.000051437026,0.001424854,0.00010055187,0.00015939145,0.00009808339,0.00023659597,0.000029993556],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002817542,0.000022806325,0.00017280685,0.0002757415,0.00000468704,0.0000071702802,0.000075494536,0.17128523,0.8192858,0.008606038,0.000028706969,0.00023268595],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00017538806,0.000012350451,0.0017857838,0.00015240874,0.0000026316861,8.1970217e-7,0.0000068680783,0.7177454,0.2798824,0.00007000185,0.000016297226,0.00014960926],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004744476,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":9.776821e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5464602,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00026998893,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000028286247,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7011158},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4313559064","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-17425-4_49","title":"A Novel Experimental Set-up for Generating Microbubbles for Removal of Inclusions","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Microbubbles; Shearing (physics); Mechanics; Turbulence; Nozzle; Materials science; Multiphase flow; Volumetric flow rate; Aqueous solution; Composite material; Chemistry; Acoustics; Mechanical engineering; Physics; Engineering; Ultrasound","score_opus":0.03635777796760277,"score_gpt":0.2544127067991046,"score_spread":0.21805492883150185,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4313559064","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0027197518,0.0021674016,0.8049105,0.000041901534,0.0036187132,0.00246408,0.0034137634,0.0008162998,0.17984763],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.002453133,0.000089816764,0.26072824,0.00005373744,0.0005304586,0.00014668534,0.0007740433,0.00044451785,0.73477936],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99914634,7.4883565e-7,0.0003520962,0.00020895939,0.00008554687,0.00020630972],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99957645,0.00010015359,0.000051529292,0.000170831,0.000058463167,0.000042564025],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000930715,0.00024575772,0.00031779715,0.00012334777,0.00009838803,0.000018406377,0.00012534499,0.00021025901,0.000030681378],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000121055255,0.0002550804,0.00022760656,0.000015719848,0.000019409928,0.0000289434,0.00012750634,0.000085351974,0.000004078121],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000813428,0.0000049252412,3.5395107e-8,0.00027960807,0.00012533405,0.0000020655743,0.00029388012,0.0067711505,0.800779,0.18656394,0.004251978,0.00091998914],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010086532,0.00008746117,1.0686608e-7,0.0003452652,0.00006954069,0.000036467925,0.00017670571,0.8940718,0.03453226,0.0015132395,0.06753826,0.00062024],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000015464606,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000075920034,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.88730067,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007705394,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000029900868,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99999017},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4316253983","doi":"10.1002/cjce.24831","title":"Flow regime identification in aerated stirred vessel using passive acoustic emission and machine learning","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council; Università di Pisa","keywords":"Impeller; Acoustic emission; Volume (thermodynamics); Aeration; Rushton turbine; Acoustics; Flow (mathematics); Support vector machine; Mechanical engineering; Computer science; Materials science; Artificial intelligence; Engineering; Mechanics; Physics","score_opus":0.008813473001388416,"score_gpt":0.18733380683818432,"score_spread":0.1785203338367959,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4316253983","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9942919,0.00051583594,0.0047070794,0.0001513445,0.00023374507,0.000046899422,0.000003928609,0.000040815954,0.000008426419],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99959296,0.000025749427,0.0002433463,0.000004836437,0.0000702657,0.0000011019856,0.0000069451353,0.00003132193,0.000023500706],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993179,0.0000101337555,0.00026587036,0.00006898119,0.000095205185,0.00024195477],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99958074,0.00006542946,0.000041618852,0.000070173366,0.000042917396,0.00019911236],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024521552,0.00010541325,0.00014529648,0.00025637014,0.00005431701,0.000065380395,0.0001129862,0.00006884911,0.0000039226443],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00022911502,0.00009380737,0.000028430637,0.00038808602,0.000018622351,0.0000948989,0.000011120991,0.00043988493,0.0000012577121],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000012307519,4.3252842e-7,0.00004966227,0.0000222217,0.000008888235,0.00003022692,0.00016149665,0.58491033,0.41436142,0.000005999924,0.000042696905,0.00040537704],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00016876399,0.000004091343,0.0002691669,0.00016679698,0.000013867593,0.000071469796,0.000019837564,0.9804108,0.018642817,0.000031660173,0.000101573634,0.00009911647],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00028428374,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00011502845,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3957186,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021536055,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000742622,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.38253537},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4316658078","doi":"10.1080/00986445.2023.2164853","title":"Liquid–liquid dispersion system in a moving baffle OBC: a numerical and theoretical study","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Communications","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"","keywords":"Baffle; Amplitude; Dispersion (optics); Liquid liquid; Mechanics; Range (aeronautics); Sauter mean diameter; Suspension (topology); Factorial experiment; Materials science; Volumetric flow rate; Flow (mathematics); Simulation; Chromatography; Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Mathematics; Optics; Physics; Composite material; Computer science; Statistics","score_opus":0.007106185873315767,"score_gpt":0.2172560735758928,"score_spread":0.21014988770257703,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4316658078","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99194986,0.0003933408,0.0055525326,0.00011605151,0.000089881156,0.00024138382,0.000006141489,0.0010174057,0.0006334081],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979284,0.0000958138,0.0017540832,0.0000056235667,0.000025013487,0.0001099561,0.000024030795,0.000053065472,0.000004043265],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99909014,0.000023363285,0.00028612197,0.00018196584,0.00011767185,0.0003007291],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99886274,0.00027342324,0.000011972132,0.0007163897,0.000017853208,0.00011763143],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002278102,0.00016843273,0.0002238549,0.0001641175,0.00005897887,0.000033707936,0.0004228735,0.00009039877,0.0000041413005],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010749863,0.00018105966,0.000043318498,0.00056369096,0.00005865364,0.0000716006,0.00044115604,0.00038116862,0.000020085761],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000070411144,0.0003922907,0.00070023484,0.0006799346,0.00015471784,0.000053163196,0.004635123,0.2058149,0.5551282,0.23069012,0.00016597587,0.0015149427],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002668254,0.00004105622,0.00031468074,0.00013171697,0.000013029338,0.000007544991,0.00043513323,0.99764055,0.0007438851,0.00000956742,0.00019346246,0.00020256676],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000012771757,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000016192904,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.79182565,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014797956,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008631783,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.73833984},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4317532729","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.2c04016","title":"Gas Helicity Yields New Insights into Gas–Liquid Reactor Design: Enhanced Oxygen Transfer Rate of Coaxial Mixers at Low-Speed Ratio","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Impeller; Entrainment (biomusicology); Coaxial; Helicity; Mass transfer; Mass transfer coefficient; Mechanics; Mixing (physics); Contactor; Chemistry; Vortex; Thermodynamics; Materials science; Mechanical engineering; Physics; Power (physics); Engineering","score_opus":0.06353159782671527,"score_gpt":0.2826493582566366,"score_spread":0.21911776042992134,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4317532729","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9938889,0.00011469737,0.0041497163,0.00009840646,0.00044029194,0.0005834552,0.00001763035,0.00046403072,0.00024287133],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99784243,0.00023766405,0.000046100296,0.0000036471586,0.0009834495,0.000059292324,0.00009224516,0.00012333185,0.00061184],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99737465,0.00006564405,0.0005996662,0.0004574542,0.00060245016,0.0009001571],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998377,0.00050431193,0.000026899506,0.0004968897,0.00017634132,0.00041855313],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00090440596,0.0003772302,0.00048115186,0.00025789716,0.00010946431,0.00007325988,0.0005137259,0.00064266165,0.00014740026],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00055990875,0.00041877234,0.00015001168,0.0012655469,0.0000804952,0.00015338243,0.00014971495,0.0011866585,0.000054310498],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00024639178,0.000016506203,0.0000019603806,0.00021116788,0.00008627955,0.00002461286,0.0006765737,0.16057181,0.83585435,0.0000161095,0.001979156,0.00031507376],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011629363,0.000081800594,0.000006350822,0.00024280116,0.000011350403,0.0000023789278,0.00005409838,0.14756759,0.8494834,0.000018067578,0.0010459714,0.00032330138],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00018926551,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000011004568,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.013628997,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005084242,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00028476727,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99982643},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4318486044","doi":"10.1016/j.oceaneng.2023.113782","title":"Experiment on bubble characteristics of turbulent bubbly jets in pipe crossflow","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ocean Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Alberta","keywords":"Bubble; Mechanics; Turbulence; Reynolds number; Wake; Physics","score_opus":0.006786994569222803,"score_gpt":0.19886428227964953,"score_spread":0.19207728771042673,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4318486044","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99614805,0.00011842527,0.0022917932,0.000028821421,0.00047551977,0.000112407644,0.000013692167,0.00041788144,0.00039343472],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990894,0.000120101984,0.00047466377,0.000009318929,0.00009272535,0.0000080554,0.000024712937,0.00007064623,0.00011036463],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99903315,0.0000037348677,0.00029449494,0.00015515876,0.00016018686,0.00035327856],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99964046,0.000037937243,0.000019357713,0.0002170924,0.000016996657,0.00006817689],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012848047,0.00018311723,0.00022847933,0.000352011,0.000016596056,0.000022402786,0.00013076351,0.000067078,0.000008986585],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000033779914,0.00020765004,0.00005353394,0.0004199039,0.000009360163,0.00005591891,0.000035269673,0.00015472078,0.00003109138],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007079974,0.000029996638,0.0005658957,0.00022424826,0.000024627912,0.00007233018,0.0006749833,0.9144572,0.08068263,0.0015441377,0.0003381657,0.0013786892],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00034234396,0.00004117273,0.012221066,0.00023392138,0.000003508833,0.000003891816,0.000040086776,0.95137686,0.033732124,0.000020529784,0.0017001926,0.00028432393],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008919491,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":9.648829e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0469505,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013930479,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012807914,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8467723},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4319443920","doi":"10.1002/cjce.24870","title":"Artificial neural network to predict the power number of agitated tanks fed by <scp>CFD</scp> simulations","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Computational fluid dynamics; Artificial neural network; Overfitting; Paddle; Computer science; Dimensionless quantity; Power (physics); Reynolds number; Sensitivity (control systems); Latin hypercube sampling; Mathematics; Artificial intelligence; Engineering; Mechanics; Statistics; Turbulence; Electronic engineering","score_opus":0.006417778786071326,"score_gpt":0.19295766797296013,"score_spread":0.1865398891868888,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4319443920","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9972057,0.0001337312,0.0011942827,0.0003423193,0.00073448557,0.00009281732,0.00004610846,0.00005331037,0.0001972605],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994785,0.0000015878725,0.00012365694,0.000064712454,0.00023062104,0.000002238431,0.000008603843,0.00004433426,0.000045753375],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989359,0.000010626104,0.0003801941,0.00006858671,0.00017601773,0.0004286984],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99908644,0.00030262332,0.000045747394,0.0001575908,0.000085323445,0.0003222938],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024409375,0.00013812045,0.00018728628,0.00008295112,0.000074504365,0.00005761271,0.0003148118,0.000075767784,0.000018240016],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003068644,0.00010345408,0.00009449864,0.00060839247,0.00003374833,0.00006416689,0.000019594494,0.0004033454,0.000009214109],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000013334173,0.0000013595212,0.00012870782,0.000007743888,0.000053871114,0.000009392279,0.00033906227,0.9326608,0.052360427,0.00018575661,0.014148537,0.00010301627],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00010021303,0.000015627162,0.00031808583,0.00006508714,0.00003001682,0.0000357383,0.000030261272,0.98883617,0.0066992757,0.00020287874,0.0035879111,0.000078735735],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00014639755,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001459452,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.056175373,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010990843,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007263871,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.42187348},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4319834849","doi":"10.1002/cjce.24845","title":"Integrating mechanical mixing, headspace, and rheology in a computational model for a fermentation process","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo; Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico; Fondo de Financiamiento de Centros de Investigación en Áreas Prioritarias; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Centro de Recursos Hídricos para la Agricultura y la Minería; Compute Canada","keywords":"Computational fluid dynamics; Impeller; Mixing (physics); Mechanics; Work (physics); Vortex; Rheology; Materials science; Newtonian fluid; Free surface; Surface tension; Aeration; Process (computing); Mechanical engineering; Computer science; Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Engineering; Physics; Composite material","score_opus":0.009449827791980671,"score_gpt":0.22186946150146789,"score_spread":0.21241963370948722,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4319834849","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.86870986,0.00007951305,0.13068072,0.00033014163,0.00008838781,0.00007553249,0.000005006933,0.000020954203,0.000009841425],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9944927,0.0000019407012,0.0054085096,0.000024502904,0.00003191718,0.000008773754,0.000005071781,0.000018808763,0.000007757877],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994743,0.0000033102995,0.00020580672,0.00005311274,0.00006178426,0.00020167856],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997047,0.00008020053,0.000022666476,0.000030249887,0.000041931722,0.000120261626],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023017768,0.00007578333,0.00012430707,0.00017230833,0.000028063781,0.000026160904,0.000085247004,0.000051195602,0.0000010554443],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000112367095,0.00006663391,0.000029515415,0.00016004754,0.00001603857,0.00006064066,0.0000054753505,0.00019965846,2.791578e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000027692033,8.3961567e-7,0.00003814269,0.000044271153,0.000011122626,0.0000045691936,0.00061461143,0.9735636,0.018532323,0.0069306903,0.00003928195,0.00021774022],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00025220597,0.000008662399,0.00005873431,0.00007069987,0.0000057304806,0.000040352912,0.00003390183,0.99558246,0.0010168052,0.0028587494,0.000003951415,0.00006776963],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000049340415,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00034674734,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12578283,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011400816,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009938654,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2717252},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4320525810","doi":"10.1016/j.cherd.2023.01.026","title":"Intensified gas-liquid mixing in bioreactors equipped with a dual coaxial mixer containing biopolymer solutions","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Process Safety and Environmental Protection","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Shear thinning; Impeller; Dispersion (optics); Aeration; Coaxial; Mixing (physics); Mechanics; Materials science; Bioreactor; Rotational speed; Computational fluid dynamics; Yield (engineering); Rheology; Chemistry; Mechanical engineering; Composite material; Physics; Optics; Engineering","score_opus":0.011644333373540755,"score_gpt":0.18743954913211885,"score_spread":0.1757952157585781,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4320525810","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9771765,0.0001519189,0.021513302,0.000083439874,0.00013273943,0.00037655458,0.000020151658,0.00025769218,0.0002876891],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994762,0.00022623579,0.000030346551,0.000014506822,0.000042316347,0.00009090587,0.0000626095,0.000037774098,0.000019119841],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990689,0.000015809617,0.00020951523,0.00023337215,0.00012694429,0.00034545726],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998112,0.000014675133,0.000031056265,0.000077419776,0.0000041519866,0.00006153879],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016409793,0.00017348559,0.00015446899,0.00016509517,0.00018833762,0.000023814056,0.000038160437,0.00009497722,0.000014508356],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000008767269,0.00016708611,0.000024243918,0.00024651393,0.00008664242,0.00022690417,0.00004453678,0.00022900624,0.000012868106],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0025595694,0.000111263136,0.0021930905,0.00046173844,0.00015710335,0.000071470335,0.0061789667,0.21158266,0.7573867,0.00025550896,0.000008291522,0.019033633],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001834528,0.00052779284,0.003923889,0.0002479268,0.00003232102,0.000092230046,0.005853057,0.97143054,0.01502685,0.00015128856,0.00026349848,0.0006160765],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00012154537,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000092491246,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7598479,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016314667,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009429772,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6813574},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4362585549","doi":"10.1002/cjce.24907","title":"Gas holdup, bubble size distribution, and mass transfer in an airlift reactor with ceramic membrane and perforated plate distributor","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China; Open Research Fund Program of Science and Technology on Aerospace Chemical Power Laboratory","keywords":"Distributor; Airlift; Bubble; Mechanics; Mass transfer; Materials science; Mass transfer coefficient; Inlet; Ceramic membrane; Ceramic; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chemistry; Chromatography; Thermodynamics; Composite material; Mechanical engineering; Bioreactor; Physics","score_opus":0.004520570444100926,"score_gpt":0.16104537486954093,"score_spread":0.15652480442544,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4362585549","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99848706,0.00019213703,0.0008468327,0.0002128479,0.00007309971,0.000064608124,0.00007681897,0.00003730615,0.000009277951],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997518,0.00003617076,0.00007995908,0.000007832475,0.000056513032,0.0000024509707,0.000028657592,0.00003230031,0.000004318325],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992666,0.0000070578517,0.00021607317,0.000089839436,0.00009539023,0.0003250418],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99942124,0.000071204326,0.000013596348,0.00008808684,0.000041866162,0.000363986],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020162556,0.00014503447,0.00019706605,0.00006503187,0.000037264726,0.00008525897,0.00011156141,0.00007621631,0.0000059314057],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000051720897,0.00011439733,0.000021677773,0.00028117283,0.0000444177,0.0001447349,0.000004917511,0.00036618634,5.338212e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000044367243,0.000005562997,0.0024296998,0.00018025079,0.00009106926,0.0002909976,0.00070202845,0.2556867,0.739558,0.0005520362,0.00008512935,0.00037420585],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010873695,0.00006564328,0.004861405,0.0002491081,0.000042219723,0.0002609531,0.000051704013,0.9486684,0.043767225,0.00006755417,0.00052200415,0.0003564036],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002055113,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005683536,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6957907,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001529182,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007883533,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.46649876},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4366146385","doi":"10.11159/enfht23.147","title":"Power Consumption Analysis for Gas Dispersion in a Dual Coaxial Mixer Containing Yield-Pseudoplastic Fluids via Experimental and Numerical Approaches","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the World Congress on Momentum, Heat and Mass Transfer","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Coaxial; Shear thinning; Power consumption; Dispersion (optics); Yield (engineering); Materials science; Dual (grammatical number); Power (physics); Mechanics; Composite material; Mechanical engineering; Physics; Engineering; Thermodynamics; Rheology; Optics","score_opus":0.018268751735515246,"score_gpt":0.22065746649430562,"score_spread":0.2023887147587904,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4366146385","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9968151,0.00022352609,0.0018047701,0.00017341787,0.00026206515,0.00040344227,0.0000198653,0.00006396559,0.0002338326],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995552,0.00006709767,0.00006947983,0.000017336692,0.000020131401,0.00010677,0.00000756223,0.000027216907,0.00012924163],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99902356,0.0000051313955,0.00025657722,0.00026328763,0.0001682485,0.00028320088],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99973243,0.00010367719,0.000011709026,0.00005512438,0.000023437817,0.00007360788],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016575631,0.00019960583,0.00032635056,0.00035033855,0.000091369744,0.000055021344,0.00007047545,0.00006194213,0.000017064012],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000008896345,0.00016401696,0.000105047744,0.00039950275,0.00007826067,0.00011712869,0.000031359672,0.0001353686,6.331046e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0010309811,0.00015903176,0.102786966,0.0006606574,0.0007708465,0.000005123708,0.0028290348,0.004506906,0.8774583,0.008844734,0.00032239466,0.0006250559],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0022364573,0.000265712,0.009119023,0.0002907311,0.0002733204,0.00000553934,0.0010837874,0.8983362,0.08760199,0.0001566193,0.00020753342,0.00042309155],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007655251,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000010337409,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8938293,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004059188,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000040352006,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6688418},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4366429767","doi":"10.1002/cjce.24920","title":"Experimental study on energy consumption characteristics of rotational–perforated static mixers","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province; China Postdoctoral Science Foundation; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Pressure drop; Reynolds number; Mechanics; Rotational speed; Materials science; Static pressure; Factorial experiment; Drop (telecommunication); Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chemistry; Mechanical engineering; Physics; Engineering; Mathematics; Chromatography","score_opus":0.01184168757148655,"score_gpt":0.20609332627530938,"score_spread":0.19425163870382284,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4366429767","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9990307,0.00006482452,0.00047585045,0.00002601668,0.00029720596,0.000046329747,0.000013089241,0.000022562484,0.000023410817],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99983263,0.000002949388,0.000054001524,0.000011104855,0.00005574516,0.0000035761457,0.000008851091,0.00002487193,0.000006241724],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99934804,0.000007818424,0.00028388193,0.000046101206,0.00014366269,0.00017050079],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996019,0.00007339107,0.000045967303,0.00007902294,0.000049572027,0.0001501212],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014380732,0.00009603166,0.00015335192,0.00018319598,0.000027007527,0.000021105972,0.00012759447,0.000033126063,0.000019841926],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000046616005,0.00008346281,0.000041847466,0.00017331108,0.00002233583,0.000042914595,0.0000055518544,0.0001517671,0.0000040250234],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013562408,0.000027280812,0.0004981402,0.000045143843,0.00015845383,0.00007480282,0.0014386764,0.4576075,0.53845143,0.00084195065,0.00029998572,0.00054308726],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006143941,0.00015040406,0.0039028896,0.00016430556,0.00003566058,0.000037608985,0.00021179736,0.82286084,0.17166874,0.00002856274,0.00010603844,0.00021874538],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000097668046,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000018649278,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.36678267,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015878942,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000065330976,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.34035146},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4376636347","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2023.118661","title":"A new Eulerian-Eulerian-Lagrangian solver in OpenFOAM and its application in a three-phase bubble column","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Powder Technology","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Mechanics; Vorticity; Turbulence; Solver; Bubble; Vortex; Eulerian path; Phase (matter); Flow (mathematics); Particle (ecology); Computational fluid dynamics; Physics; Two-phase flow; Classical mechanics; Materials science; Lagrangian; Geology; Mathematics; Mathematical optimization","score_opus":0.008936192631015347,"score_gpt":0.2394251184991139,"score_spread":0.23048892586809855,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4376636347","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9877866,0.00091854937,0.007812671,0.0010846006,0.00014638901,0.0005779956,0.000009764407,0.0008162988,0.0008471628],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987221,0.0001593011,0.0006987203,0.000030190575,0.000023137216,0.00014982159,0.000017143071,0.00003959539,0.00015999633],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99906665,0.0000054907464,0.00023122673,0.00026101703,0.00006209124,0.00037352173],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99967283,0.00001717387,0.000020050991,0.0002263021,0.000012574378,0.000051057687],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012729564,0.0001406506,0.00021272038,0.00067759753,0.000026934913,0.000023523258,0.00019229052,0.00025319817,0.000022445023],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000024852287,0.00016894982,0.000018000752,0.0012817706,0.000022853794,0.00010712668,0.0001015514,0.00022362579,0.00011419462],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005266578,0.0001508564,0.010353211,0.00026104413,0.00007457954,0.00019353212,0.0010370422,0.005276934,0.6341203,0.059419274,0.002474221,0.28658634],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004405027,0.000102510756,0.011279284,0.00011258199,0.000013972031,0.00003161995,0.00027290013,0.9459579,0.007593697,0.017222289,0.012400777,0.0006074144],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00025848564,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004592012,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.940681,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006616879,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000024167146,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.68895733},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4376638655","doi":"10.1016/j.cherd.2023.05.024","title":"Gas segregation in a pilot-scale ebullated bed system: Experimental investigation and model validation","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Process Safety and Environmental Protection","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Alliance de recherche numérique du Canada","keywords":"Bubble; Flow (mathematics); Materials science; Process engineering; Volumetric flow rate; Liquid bubble; Inlet; Environmental science; Mechanics; Petroleum engineering; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.010525458488950774,"score_gpt":0.18608364636405422,"score_spread":0.17555818787510344,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4376638655","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9840909,0.00011389568,0.014909191,0.000031400687,0.000046710793,0.0004470888,0.000008941371,0.00022973127,0.00012211064],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994473,0.00017256603,0.00009306795,0.000004188266,0.000012609128,0.00012032634,0.00010966678,0.000021912034,0.00001836019],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99939185,0.000016494178,0.00018068233,0.00018256294,0.00010165043,0.00012674273],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998733,0.0000047567737,0.000028332453,0.000049291833,0.0000022751096,0.000042091786],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013714453,0.00011264339,0.00009115098,0.00010480904,0.00011325871,0.000025521083,0.000021231745,0.00006492411,0.0000022214317],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000022665508,0.0001267217,0.000009060269,0.00013081431,0.00003202284,0.00029975685,0.0000198678,0.000095435396,0.000006032107],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006337771,0.000016003882,0.0006128852,0.00029767008,0.000006797479,8.1789267e-7,0.0013979188,0.6735165,0.32168412,0.00007518802,0.0000010117981,0.0023277092],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000448299,0.00005045895,0.0016358828,0.000067936955,0.00000549442,0.000009547577,0.0006749298,0.9662879,0.030258594,0.00042981142,0.000002389695,0.00012875443],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000031918,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000010039142,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2927714,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016311137,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000032045757,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.51675606},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4378807838","doi":"10.1002/cjce.24976","title":"Flowrate effects on the lateral coalescence of two growing bubbles","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","keywords":"Coalescence (physics); Bubble; Mechanics; RADIUS; Volumetric flow rate; Materials science; Curvature; Oscillation (cell signaling); Physics; Chemistry; Geometry; Mathematics","score_opus":0.005350613724042388,"score_gpt":0.17264259356050457,"score_spread":0.16729197983646218,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4378807838","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99854004,0.00017938585,0.00027282687,0.000384915,0.00044977912,0.000049048776,0.0000035739024,0.000031830048,0.00008859966],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996353,0.000006905081,0.0000942999,0.000051031686,0.00017196381,0.0000017386232,8.648678e-7,0.000028176544,0.000009730005],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993137,0.000009875037,0.000215598,0.000048578986,0.00013247397,0.0002797502],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994012,0.00024663558,0.00002988178,0.00012847723,0.000034053344,0.00015974413],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003094655,0.0001125419,0.00015748384,0.00011893042,0.000043799242,0.000033708617,0.00030343363,0.000038345246,0.0000053606705],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011744117,0.00007359772,0.000084187086,0.00025522214,0.000029734882,0.000066211265,0.000012244303,0.00034524917,0.0000064604387],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000021991646,8.833304e-7,0.00006135478,0.000075697135,0.00005136332,0.000059406208,0.00031862693,0.45956922,0.53609073,0.0029297958,0.0003686731,0.00047205194],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002497676,0.000020335161,0.00026698926,0.00054852356,0.000024027078,0.000053262534,0.000010764294,0.585395,0.4125453,0.00047048702,0.00025592322,0.0001596353],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00016621986,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000062052946,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12582578,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009564793,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005683492,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.30012283},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4379015487","doi":"10.1002/cjce.24966","title":"Numerical investigation on effects of fuel rod with different shapes of bow deformation on the subcooled boiling of coolant in a fuel assembly","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Subcooling; Superheating; Coolant; Materials science; Heat transfer; Boiling; Mechanics; Nucleate boiling; Thermal hydraulics; Thermodynamics; Heat transfer coefficient; Turbulence","score_opus":0.00667882885127616,"score_gpt":0.16472718321540178,"score_spread":0.15804835436412562,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4379015487","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99899054,0.000117091084,0.0005652324,0.00011680014,0.00007623609,0.00009370818,0.0000033395518,0.000010592433,0.00002646163],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99987143,0.000010392134,0.000051823085,0.000011449382,0.000028168712,0.0000030692715,0.0000024241092,0.000020423264,8.058033e-7],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99918705,0.000016438275,0.00036376505,0.00004964947,0.00019897525,0.00018413235],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99932534,0.0003113098,0.00010435447,0.00009579093,0.000054005275,0.000109203655],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002487521,0.00011764921,0.00024716117,0.00022768725,0.000012760242,0.00001038406,0.00016783587,0.000052831278,0.000001273232],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020769333,0.00007229331,0.00005934147,0.000320069,0.000029017108,0.000050694947,0.0000063900025,0.0002968868,3.8044578e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000021610867,0.0000062677846,0.00027026268,0.0004358097,0.000049785896,0.000008442433,0.0011300147,0.71535903,0.28145215,0.0010841138,0.000011152868,0.00017135471],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00035726253,0.00010330793,0.006703945,0.0010780006,0.000021961336,0.000010678394,0.00003127559,0.70517886,0.286294,0.00012734093,0.0000023455061,0.00009102566],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00022009331,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00014627604,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.010180173,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015682194,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000075112395,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.29480356},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4380355848","doi":"10.3390/pr11061780","title":"Mathematical Modelling and CFD Simulation for Oxygen Removal in a Multi-Function Gas-Liquid Contactor","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Processes","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Contactor; Computational fluid dynamics; Mathematical model; Mass transfer; Computer science; Function (biology); Mass transfer coefficient; Process engineering; Simulation; Mechanics; Engineering; Thermodynamics; Mathematics; Physics","score_opus":0.04047805336598385,"score_gpt":0.2642900716963084,"score_spread":0.22381201833032457,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4380355848","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.42062235,0.0002794506,0.57868123,0.000011451327,0.000040001218,0.00015656979,0.0000035698872,0.00014642892,0.000058923913],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9929055,0.00014893971,0.0067810374,0.0000073868587,0.00002945488,0.00005161039,0.0000147475,0.000025277392,0.000036055986],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99956936,0.000002498661,0.00013667103,0.00010444652,0.000050699215,0.00013632176],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997503,0.00013137504,0.000011677767,0.000043025477,0.00003950548,0.00002411919],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000100638696,0.000072791794,0.00009451053,0.00007933254,0.00002858947,0.000024779374,0.000026808653,0.000045182245,0.000002496186],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009595866,0.000072703995,0.000013218553,0.00015618875,0.0000051841403,0.000114867085,0.000009951716,0.000041149375,0.0000059890685],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004289701,0.000008766528,0.00002259924,0.0014310129,0.000007483556,0.0000014578575,0.00044379488,0.9950669,0.0020668718,0.00029372468,0.000005415082,0.00060911645],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00044845996,0.000024190007,0.000017117423,0.0000713813,0.000007454897,0.0000012769732,0.000064135005,0.99674296,0.000355098,0.0018691446,0.00031410027,0.00008468959],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000030518586,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001680778,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.57228315,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000020992125,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011080528,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.29647827},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4380757855","doi":"10.1016/j.cep.2023.109461","title":"Investigating the power consumption for the intensification of gas dispersion in a dual coaxial mixer containing yield-pseudoplastic fluids","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering and Processing - Process Intensification","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Impeller; Rotational speed; Coaxial; Shear thinning; Mechanics; Dispersion (optics); Materials science; Power (physics); Aeration; Mixing (physics); Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Viscosity; Composite material; Physics; Optics; Waste management; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.022747556509158766,"score_gpt":0.24199067962676538,"score_spread":0.2192431231176066,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4380757855","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9520791,0.0009208321,0.045897685,0.00034660206,0.00020988642,0.00029818874,0.0000057527004,0.00022848524,0.0000134652],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99911183,0.00008631739,0.00048288936,0.00003203581,0.00006113651,0.00014337448,0.000036742207,0.00004064715,0.0000050056997],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989502,0.0000073958377,0.00039899955,0.00023183828,0.00015282135,0.0002587385],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989412,0.00055340066,0.00007539721,0.00015154766,0.00023154487,0.00004694136],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004456695,0.00017991109,0.00019384398,0.00012263223,0.00011289749,0.000066752225,0.00011716902,0.0001180389,0.0000012500298],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0012373502,0.00013307843,0.000038708546,0.0004235068,0.00010211555,0.00013893437,0.000028878661,0.00027422796,0.0000016021129],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000035179968,0.000012202444,0.00065021863,0.0011255468,0.000026279407,6.5048596e-7,0.0047874483,0.0647829,0.91916406,0.0006830797,0.00008872501,0.008643715],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00022781643,0.000018869327,0.0013782853,0.00053434074,0.00002861868,0.000014645558,0.0011179567,0.9608813,0.035435807,0.00015377326,0.00004737587,0.00016119405],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007592048,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000012927638,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.89609843,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004753508,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000026816715,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.54267806},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4381614305","doi":"10.11159/ffhmt23.195","title":"Computational Study of Taylor Bubble Drift Velocity in Inclined Multiphase Flow","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the ... International Conference on Fluid Flow, Heat and Mass Transfer","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Mechanics; Multiphase flow; Flow (mathematics); Geology; Computer science; Physics","score_opus":0.02055399321118515,"score_gpt":0.24424620787880397,"score_spread":0.22369221466761882,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4381614305","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99518716,0.000010863405,0.00164543,0.0003034166,0.0002734785,0.00032408215,0.00006334065,0.000059852995,0.0021323727],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989185,0.000046421777,0.00085086154,0.00002505958,0.000031553143,0.000033786328,0.0000141979535,0.000019077319,0.000060541646],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.998901,0.000005369595,0.00037253957,0.00019781094,0.0003624256,0.00016086838],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99960375,0.00004630825,0.000013686537,0.000056714503,0.0002360766,0.000043443742],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023150665,0.00015779895,0.00022520819,0.00022147229,0.000040635474,0.000035228317,0.00029581218,0.000062799,0.000030067056],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000026416046,0.00013410705,0.000057687284,0.00024167012,0.000046903413,0.00013376024,0.000046894576,0.0001675135,0.00000284211],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003671878,0.0005378593,0.008630975,0.00031434488,0.00025217384,0.0000039944307,0.0056282207,0.3076265,0.6421156,0.03071569,0.00031061377,0.0034968797],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015446934,0.000095049385,0.0032944798,0.00010743043,0.000013843824,0.0000010191095,0.0004985267,0.98395616,0.008861147,0.0014719575,0.000026241305,0.00012943427],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000047471884,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000033568784,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6763297,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003990023,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001953571,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5468727},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4381885445","doi":"10.1016/j.cherd.2023.06.040","title":"Mixing energy as a scaling variable for liquid drawdown in stirred tanks","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Process Safety and Environmental Protection","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Scaling; Impeller; Mechanics; Mixing (physics); Dispersion (optics); Drawdown (hydrology); Chord (peer-to-peer); Agitator; Volume (thermodynamics); Physics; Mathematics; Geometry; Optics; Engineering; Thermodynamics; Geotechnical engineering; Computer science","score_opus":0.004843330750097933,"score_gpt":0.18223521750504207,"score_spread":0.17739188675494413,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4381885445","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.3075817,0.0005113457,0.689168,0.00011224414,0.00037842448,0.0007093919,0.000040383988,0.00042422547,0.00107432],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99876827,0.0003992031,0.00021876571,0.000018038189,0.00004857895,0.00024463717,0.000059857677,0.000033759796,0.00020889075],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992919,0.000008148193,0.0001816306,0.00019930821,0.00008238417,0.00023665615],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998557,0.000017923201,0.000020502484,0.000061521285,0.000002409138,0.00004195397],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016480885,0.00012169574,0.00011587235,0.00009763281,0.00014450849,0.000023664654,0.00004343202,0.00009361428,0.0000134055335],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000012132487,0.00013708262,0.000022300106,0.0001747676,0.000020716596,0.00017909125,0.000026988286,0.00010485702,0.000005810925],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003102734,0.00002926612,0.000043522254,0.00038721133,0.000023592329,0.0000030403587,0.000544694,0.87129045,0.10538606,0.00034714068,0.000006407754,0.021628363],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005087118,0.00008454633,0.00013946052,0.00007920631,0.0000072312932,0.000009380498,0.0002800073,0.9888363,0.0053837793,0.0020098975,0.0024677296,0.00019375094],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000726978,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000015560534,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6911866,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010593566,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005675616,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5590067},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4382940492","doi":"10.1002/cjce.25037","title":"Experimental investigation of bubble size evolution released from a fine bubble ejector","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Chinese Academy of Sciences; National Natural Science Foundation of China; Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province; Shandong Energy Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences","keywords":"Bubble; Coalescence (physics); Injector; Surface tension; Materials science; Volumetric flow rate; Viscosity; Mechanics; Tap water; Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Composite material; Environmental engineering; Physics; Environmental science","score_opus":0.006291576904542331,"score_gpt":0.16801929319786657,"score_spread":0.16172771629332425,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4382940492","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.998469,0.00054906576,0.00041675582,0.00008940964,0.0003227634,0.000046449546,0.000018859324,0.000044233497,0.000043493306],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99926335,0.0000014942166,0.0004811527,0.0000072598673,0.00019526065,0.0000025435777,0.0000071868717,0.000029787674,0.000011994766],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993239,0.000006370313,0.00025474446,0.000059149974,0.0001397332,0.00021610546],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99944127,0.000118097356,0.000047038484,0.0001121975,0.000047682497,0.00023373202],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013399064,0.00010572038,0.0001679943,0.00012401615,0.000028604338,0.000020294017,0.00017175342,0.000058668764,0.000025974708],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001472488,0.00009503214,0.00007487421,0.0002925589,0.000030974672,0.00008561002,0.000009848758,0.00021301121,0.000005206782],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000026870107,0.0000011712408,0.0001073611,0.00001768611,0.00002862475,0.0000069916164,0.0003915489,0.12596409,0.8729367,0.00016114855,0.00035739678,0.000024548594],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00024860108,0.00001565588,0.00075974106,0.00010492168,0.000016310956,0.000010497555,0.000028663373,0.39683673,0.60154486,0.00025823605,0.00007214788,0.00010362171],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0019073432,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00015943282,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2713919,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00031266778,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013680336,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.38752982},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4383109484","doi":"10.3390/ecp2023-14642","title":"Hydrodynamics and Gas Hold-Up of a Gas–Liquid Coaxial Mixing System at Different Scales Containing a Non-Newtonian Fluid","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Mixing (physics); Impeller; Coaxial; Mechanics; Computational fluid dynamics; Newtonian fluid; Mixing patterns; Materials science; Aeration; Non-Newtonian fluid; Mechanical engineering; Physics; Engineering; Waste management","score_opus":0.006482080214584715,"score_gpt":0.19356098530456942,"score_spread":0.1870789050899847,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4383109484","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98874176,0.00017224778,0.0072633983,0.000040159182,0.00058781204,0.00024360952,0.00003951957,0.00058501784,0.0023264864],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99902356,0.0002034754,0.00029077043,0.000008944598,0.00007509252,0.00002454219,0.00004609924,0.00007973921,0.00024777098],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985185,0.000021030108,0.00045323253,0.00029233092,0.00022247301,0.0004924163],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99936926,0.000108530156,0.000050338134,0.00027553592,0.000038317776,0.00015801919],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019324991,0.00029021982,0.00047038207,0.0002244918,0.00012624993,0.000047288984,0.00015230416,0.00012775564,0.000009852631],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000016944336,0.00027182486,0.000105382016,0.00022481575,0.00005761723,0.00008456209,0.00020709814,0.0001355786,0.000018919889],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015481551,0.000021143724,0.0028903831,0.0016889399,0.0002036525,0.00007170863,0.0017879495,0.031094633,0.9557385,0.0046126097,0.00031183523,0.0014238296],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007781235,0.00013226361,0.0010910033,0.00034740346,0.000030753545,0.000034743927,0.0006791569,0.98992896,0.0066082375,0.00001834866,0.00005452908,0.0002964779],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00011355293,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004902006,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.95883435,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021276147,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010364026,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999734},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4383109491","doi":"10.3390/ecp2023-14646","title":"Analysis of Local Shear Rate Distribution in a Double Coaxial Bioreactor Containing Biopolymer Solutions Using Computational Fluid Dynamics","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Impeller; Shear thinning; Bioreactor; Materials science; Shear rate; Non-Newtonian fluid; Viscosity; Shear (geology); Newtonian fluid; Dispersion (optics); Mechanics; Mixing (physics); Apparent viscosity; Rheology; Coaxial; Yield (engineering); Shear stress; Chemistry; Composite material; Mechanical engineering; Physics; Engineering; Optics","score_opus":0.02048303477566071,"score_gpt":0.24761995627593686,"score_spread":0.22713692150027615,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4383109491","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5396069,0.00001763748,0.45986864,0.000014333032,0.000088698405,0.000048421625,0.00017772579,0.000095846495,0.00008176026],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99771065,0.000008849435,0.0004136487,0.0000055744395,0.000013914081,0.000004566598,0.0018125491,0.000016104077,0.000014142016],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99910396,0.000017031058,0.0003344508,0.00014394447,0.000121392965,0.00027919488],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99969727,0.000073344134,0.00002939561,0.00009843165,0.00005254568,0.00004902188],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024220353,0.00011423261,0.00024780474,0.0004749854,0.00006142956,0.000023009203,0.0000650322,0.00007583008,0.000027404867],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000072032385,0.0001242279,0.00010560312,0.0019397736,0.000057847967,0.000101052916,0.00004156228,0.000087191715,0.0000062305244],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016880238,0.000014705593,0.0021312735,0.000012259103,0.00019348516,0.0000036318527,0.00006196052,0.9733162,0.005500343,0.01838698,0.000013704484,0.00034857998],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00045230554,0.000011643866,0.012016298,0.00001528918,0.00011137459,8.887313e-7,0.00027046882,0.9866248,0.00029512998,0.00006499477,0.0000073253777,0.00012951477],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010633757,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00088453194,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.45945498,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00029172626,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000039657258,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5065867},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4383109507","doi":"10.3390/ecp2023-14660","title":"Gas Holdup Distribution in a Coaxial Mixer Containing Yield-Pseudoplastic Fluids: Effect of Biopolymer Concentration","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Shear thinning; Impeller; Materials science; Xanthan gum; Coaxial; Newtonian fluid; Dispersion (optics); Rheology; Non-Newtonian fluid; Granulation; Mechanics; Composite material; Mechanical engineering; Optics","score_opus":0.006048357243652026,"score_gpt":0.20537678989208286,"score_spread":0.19932843264843084,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4383109507","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98204213,0.00008653906,0.016349712,0.000014581955,0.00040528944,0.00015878041,0.000027598708,0.00019962678,0.0007157231],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996784,0.000044425626,0.000019353905,0.0000047579965,0.00003738616,0.00002719745,0.00013572801,0.000015762587,0.000037036654],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.999301,0.000020044345,0.0002292467,0.00011389766,0.000103220715,0.0002325961],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99962467,0.00021867573,0.000016793005,0.00008775753,0.000015142769,0.00003693206],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019751253,0.000112184665,0.00017874934,0.00006170686,0.000022081062,0.000016744169,0.0000513569,0.00007419464,0.00004221877],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000090122536,0.000104828934,0.00004208214,0.00031295672,0.000022026108,0.000081236416,0.000017451004,0.00008572374,0.000030018919],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001466356,0.000023801194,0.032389402,0.0003246607,0.00006759859,0.000041401025,0.00051025045,0.05290066,0.89864767,0.00765811,0.0017989811,0.005490812],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00081016653,0.00014807048,0.0053419587,0.00011916394,0.000015204447,0.0000029947144,0.000067701956,0.88481313,0.1084327,0.000025511536,0.00006666351,0.00015670578],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010636761,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000046709167,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8319125,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000058059035,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010868077,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.42747998},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4383342788","doi":"10.1063/5.0155777","title":"Development of a scale-up strategy for an aerated coaxial mixer containing a non-Newtonian fluid: A mass transfer approach","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physics of Fluids","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"RES’EAU-WaterNET","keywords":"Impeller; Coaxial; Mechanics; Physics; Mass transfer; Aeration; Mass transfer coefficient; Newtonian fluid; Mixing (physics); Non-Newtonian fluid; Computational fluid dynamics; Dispersion (optics); Thermodynamics; Mechanical engineering; Optics; Engineering; Waste management","score_opus":0.0320357261553172,"score_gpt":0.2516431889284269,"score_spread":0.21960746277310972,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4383342788","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5696488,0.000021874745,0.42919204,0.0000023599803,0.00012267707,0.00028637963,0.000060462466,0.000110057306,0.00055536104],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97324157,0.000010404092,0.02618476,0.0000056274616,0.000083674786,0.000108070664,0.00025005307,0.00007628476,0.00003954573],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99868923,0.0000124503385,0.00046826556,0.00023719494,0.00020993582,0.00038294657],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994983,0.000035434445,0.00002192946,0.00021811486,0.00013265446,0.000093583374],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024872698,0.00023149737,0.00041184403,0.0001034558,0.00006983342,0.000026246425,0.00020297611,0.00009815285,0.0000031339798],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000041407934,0.00024889427,0.00011475992,0.00038901804,0.00004384099,0.00016397024,0.0000190255,0.00010465593,0.000003631261],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000068250076,0.00006171236,0.000043164426,0.00044192866,0.00013303988,5.9755115e-7,0.004912205,0.04847287,0.93468237,0.0020013538,0.0000689543,0.009113544],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011055233,0.00013542383,0.00024066426,0.00006577902,0.000033210123,5.5103516e-7,0.00072948536,0.8655499,0.13141137,0.0003498323,0.00010312055,0.00027509299],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000022328844,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000015862079,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8170771,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000044183,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00011642398,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999963},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4383423279","doi":"10.1016/b978-0-08-101097-6.00002-x","title":"Absorption and stripping of gases","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Elsevier eBooks","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Chemistry; Chemical reaction; Absorption (acoustics); Ammonia; Benzene; Data scrubbing; Hydrogen; Carbon dioxide; Inorganic chemistry; Nitrogen; Chemical engineering; Waste management; Organic chemistry; Materials science","score_opus":0.012538753970205811,"score_gpt":0.1993121216803437,"score_spread":0.1867733677101379,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4383423279","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0009015881,0.001275344,0.000046417055,0.000002439657,0.00032325837,0.00014238698,0.00004191207,0.0001699427,0.9970967],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0069315275,0.0010743137,0.00019911383,0.000009706826,0.00012004873,0.0000068421373,0.000022808641,0.000118021824,0.9915176],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99940306,0.0000022507843,0.00023288027,0.00013646216,0.00010303219,0.00012234398],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999699,0.00003192831,0.000044917007,0.00016077977,0.000023651297,0.000039734154],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000075642,0.0001777077,0.00025727786,0.00013409065,0.000020773305,0.000013919731,0.000060336057,0.00014705936,0.000018987443],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000004967255,0.0001917913,0.00006869084,0.000006850322,0.000033904424,0.000017429718,0.000041990985,0.0001645446,0.000023640176],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000012640165,5.410556e-7,0.0000019341267,0.00038004623,0.00006984995,0.000008478047,0.00007781639,0.00017667793,0.0010830429,0.012725337,0.000044602184,0.9854304],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005411668,0.0000868026,0.0001575314,0.0042405017,0.0002668425,0.00002780311,0.000025879377,0.021472989,0.00046916772,0.03230776,0.939152,0.001251538],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":3.8980943e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000013353786,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9841789,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000025716812,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010537428,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7821022},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4383556091","doi":"10.1063/5.0155999","title":"Immiscible displacement flows in axially rotating pipes","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physics of Fluids","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs; Canada Foundation for Innovation","keywords":"Physics; Mechanics; Froude number; Reynolds number; Dimensionless quantity; Displacement (psychology); Instability; Rotation (mathematics); Stratified flow; Flow (mathematics); Axial symmetry; Rossby number; Pipe flow; Classical mechanics; Geometry; Turbulence","score_opus":0.010041834116386128,"score_gpt":0.22615000664250876,"score_spread":0.21610817252612263,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4383556091","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9849168,0.00009474986,0.011349667,0.000021622136,0.00023866739,0.00010221636,0.0000111089375,0.00015300879,0.0031121427],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99808896,0.000053581334,0.0016366943,0.000005489551,0.00006463665,0.000019544348,0.000020293613,0.000029638262,0.00008115015],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993262,0.0000067596056,0.00020184132,0.00010941359,0.00013307044,0.00022267862],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99975514,0.000037681923,0.000012727765,0.00014744142,0.000018413753,0.000028597755],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013723898,0.00009988009,0.00014798543,0.00007018477,0.000022521488,0.000014084117,0.0001107592,0.000025326179,0.000007728742],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000010708726,0.00010904066,0.000047591533,0.00037688456,0.000010496383,0.00009299325,0.00004734829,0.0000783076,0.000037704027],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000037514296,0.000029454235,0.0021086882,0.00020053712,0.000029399038,0.0000050819185,0.0011740009,0.52951187,0.43982142,0.009600366,0.0003530755,0.01716234],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00024072264,0.000017518272,0.0020708046,0.00006663091,0.0000046263494,1.15201246e-7,0.000060994767,0.9856329,0.009373332,0.0022516395,0.00015298158,0.0001277647],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004387532,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000030922078,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.456121,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000027832482,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012421801,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4446549},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4384564712","doi":"10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2023.110994","title":"Airlift pumps characteristics for shear-thinning non-Newtonian fluids: An experimental investigation on liquid viscosity impact","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Materials science; Shear thinning; Airlift; Non-Newtonian fluid; Newtonian fluid; Mechanics; Volumetric flow rate; Rheology; Viscosity; Thermodynamics; Composite material; Chemistry; Bioreactor; Physics","score_opus":0.021550069475256176,"score_gpt":0.27953031710001247,"score_spread":0.2579802476247563,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4384564712","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9973902,0.00018280439,0.00066041143,0.000028199258,0.00057279237,0.0003446928,0.00003660555,0.0003080291,0.0004762465],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99848795,0.000016128153,0.0009728774,0.00013210237,0.00018294348,0.00007260594,0.000046099707,0.000046995614,0.00004229743],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99841124,0.00001665134,0.00026029028,0.0004392713,0.00031271862,0.00055981125],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993375,0.000028155828,0.000031891195,0.00024404707,0.000031125615,0.00032725866],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00042520667,0.00027496924,0.00020984108,0.00019151972,0.00056972785,0.00022907535,0.00028857536,0.000071141905,0.000025126124],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000015265763,0.00025279983,0.0000684656,0.00037585633,0.00032034316,0.00073915336,0.0001182142,0.00012226835,0.000029798211],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006810742,0.000041952735,0.00014671344,0.00001164481,0.0000073276387,0.000004332235,0.003644626,0.001992099,0.99334675,0.00033816174,0.000050700695,0.0003475628],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00024966893,0.00063041935,0.0036249552,0.00003319529,0.000002220689,0.0000046428545,0.00047160275,0.43254995,0.5621738,0.000007974415,0.00003061332,0.0002209558],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000038934744,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.1927676e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.43117297,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019801744,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000050613686,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99999243},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385069135","doi":"10.32920/23726292","title":"Gas Dispersion in Non-Newtonian Fluids with Mechanically Agitated Systems: A Review","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Mixing (physics); Mechanics; Non-Newtonian fluid; Newtonian fluid; Rheology; Mass transfer; Dispersion (optics); Flow (mathematics); Viscoelasticity; Bubble; Computational fluid dynamics; Mass transfer coefficient; Process engineering; Mechanical engineering; Materials science; Thermodynamics; Physics; Engineering","score_opus":0.020099373833350233,"score_gpt":0.2619695263674161,"score_spread":0.24187015253406588,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4385069135","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[6.067178e-7,0.9901471,0.0049652103,0.000014355698,0.00033852848,0.0015711455,0.000024606768,0.0004689794,0.0024694372],"genre_scores_gemma":[9.480785e-7,0.99747986,0.00059426314,0.00002429761,0.000046039873,0.00027819365,0.00017241843,0.00022515088,0.0011788288],"study_design_codex":"systematic_review","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9979566,0.000057283087,0.00088151207,0.00040904552,0.00025488657,0.00044068703],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999149,0.000088559034,0.000070873444,0.00051543803,0.00004733685,0.00012878317],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00044524562,0.0005401673,0.0020650916,0.00028492667,0.000026141719,0.00006284585,0.0003435164,0.00026169745,0.000028205945],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003233005,0.00037489913,0.00025472665,0.001084167,0.0000115772955,0.00007308483,0.00008140364,0.00045707644,0.00041980628],"study_design_candidate":"systematic_review","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000001521949,0.000021524947,3.0088395e-7,0.6961284,0.00034169632,0.00029200385,0.000020128375,0.0005678744,0.000012494281,0.0008615481,0.006327831,0.29542467],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00011225912,0.00003369117,1.3181699e-7,0.40652707,0.000312817,0.000049745035,0.000007844497,0.066508345,7.888761e-8,0.0000031968023,0.52594346,0.0005013558],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00011219369,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00017788929,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.51961565,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00030489982,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008586521,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998703},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385069996","doi":"10.32920/23726292.v1","title":"Gas Dispersion in Non-Newtonian Fluids with Mechanically Agitated Systems: A Review","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Mixing (physics); Non-Newtonian fluid; Mechanics; Newtonian fluid; Rheology; Dispersion (optics); Mass transfer; Flow (mathematics); Viscoelasticity; Bubble; Computational fluid dynamics; Work (physics); Materials science; Mechanical engineering; Process engineering; Thermodynamics; Engineering; Physics; Optics","score_opus":0.020099373833350233,"score_gpt":0.2619695263674161,"score_spread":0.24187015253406588,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4385069996","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[6.067178e-7,0.9901471,0.0049652103,0.000014355698,0.00033852848,0.0015711455,0.000024606768,0.0004689794,0.0024694372],"genre_scores_gemma":[9.480785e-7,0.99747986,0.00059426314,0.00002429761,0.000046039873,0.00027819365,0.00017241843,0.00022515088,0.0011788288],"study_design_codex":"systematic_review","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9979566,0.000057283087,0.00088151207,0.00040904552,0.00025488657,0.00044068703],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999149,0.000088559034,0.000070873444,0.00051543803,0.00004733685,0.00012878317],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00044524562,0.0005401673,0.0020650916,0.00028492667,0.000026141719,0.00006284585,0.0003435164,0.00026169745,0.000028205945],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003233005,0.00037489913,0.00025472665,0.001084167,0.0000115772955,0.00007308483,0.00008140364,0.00045707644,0.00041980628],"study_design_candidate":"systematic_review","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000001521949,0.000021524947,3.0088395e-7,0.6961284,0.00034169632,0.00029200385,0.000020128375,0.0005678744,0.000012494281,0.0008615481,0.006327831,0.29542467],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00011225912,0.00003369117,1.3181699e-7,0.40652707,0.000312817,0.000049745035,0.000007844497,0.066508345,7.888761e-8,0.0000031968023,0.52594346,0.0005013558],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00011219369,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00017788929,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.51961565,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00030489982,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008586521,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998703},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385238932","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.3c01600","title":"Mass Transfer Performance and Hydrodynamics of a Bubble Column Reactor at Offshore Floating Conditions","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Buoyancy; Bubble; Mechanics; Mass transfer; Oscillation (cell signaling); Reynolds number; Coalescence (physics); Added mass; Amplitude; Chemistry; Vibration; Physics; Turbulence; Acoustics; Optics","score_opus":0.0435618274603419,"score_gpt":0.26954686478211115,"score_spread":0.22598503732176925,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4385238932","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9976422,0.00005389673,0.000045794255,0.000026388712,0.00015076745,0.00018115115,0.0001204253,0.0002744553,0.0015048883],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99876535,0.00014907712,0.000031731397,5.154704e-7,0.00020576901,0.000032465374,0.00011788203,0.000062573636,0.00063460745],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99853283,0.000011535901,0.00030439848,0.00022278585,0.0003776095,0.0005508421],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99928856,0.00022229987,0.000011458971,0.00024126668,0.000083085186,0.00015330968],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00055774197,0.00016945675,0.0002337639,0.0001458128,0.00010206016,0.000040320898,0.00018893,0.00026350006,0.000049253493],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000156187,0.00020347496,0.000049306847,0.0007333293,0.00007726341,0.000092044,0.000080242244,0.0007165894,0.000010208354],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008826806,0.000005494211,0.00056654605,0.00033654348,0.000036594738,0.00000898704,0.00009824366,0.1301571,0.8680631,0.00003432543,0.0004911085,0.0001931567],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00044839788,0.000019977439,0.0002622164,0.00017271414,0.000008017483,0.000008492468,0.000058803515,0.7316745,0.26615378,0.0000066013554,0.0010134563,0.00017302255],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000019373163,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000027503986,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6019093,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021127728,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005299728,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.82974684},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386071105","doi":"10.11159/htff23.172","title":"A Three-Dimensional CFD Analyses for the Gas Holdup in a BubbleColumn Reactor","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the World Congress on Mechanical, Chemical, and Material Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Computational fluid dynamics; Bubble; Column (typography); Mechanics; Bubble column reactor; Environmental science; Nuclear engineering; Materials science; Petroleum engineering; Gas bubble; Mechanical engineering; Physics; Engineering","score_opus":0.016692228792373375,"score_gpt":0.235419699690064,"score_spread":0.21872747089769062,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4386071105","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9979081,0.00002855236,0.000012674664,0.00023989183,0.001106918,0.0004030807,0.000035490506,0.00021063759,0.000054645414],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986907,0.00006363302,0.00075558235,0.000028616285,0.0001665886,0.00016985851,0.0000050955446,0.000060481638,0.000059434893],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988957,0.0000014445313,0.00033086163,0.00023821591,0.00017889644,0.00035489025],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99948704,0.00020442475,0.00005615469,0.0001323748,0.000055221084,0.00006476263],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025235326,0.00022280194,0.0003090584,0.00015255593,0.000055227552,0.00009091067,0.0003282762,0.00008447953,0.000009901317],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013987851,0.00015691818,0.00010207327,0.00044404523,0.0000370912,0.000081094324,0.00016428393,0.00018623802,0.0000013648997],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005159355,0.000012611413,0.0000068549716,0.000237008,0.000050423387,5.621615e-7,0.000005357891,0.0044568786,0.98940796,0.003938948,0.0016169038,0.00021491946],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00034276178,0.000016260534,0.000029659532,0.00024814642,0.00003145924,0.0000022776312,0.000011669578,0.38060126,0.6172416,0.0004939403,0.0008199075,0.0001610249],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000018038068,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000020235912,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.37614438,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004446922,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008477433,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6398938},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386082878","doi":"10.11159/htff23.222","title":"Three Dimensional CFD Analyses for the Effect of Solid Concentration on Gas Holdup in a Slurry Bubble Column","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the World Congress on Mechanical, Chemical, and Material Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Slurry; Computational fluid dynamics; Bubble; Column (typography); Mechanics; Materials science; Petroleum engineering; Environmental science; Process engineering; Mechanical engineering; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.010502861816028877,"score_gpt":0.2411609232514729,"score_spread":0.230658061435444,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4386082878","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9984255,0.000019166664,0.000012978578,0.00008472818,0.0008310186,0.0004608068,0.000042033887,0.00009597897,0.000027780647],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995118,0.000037020945,0.00016250403,0.000011616978,0.00009699378,0.00011504241,0.0000059042372,0.00003676668,0.000022358978],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990428,0.000002726116,0.00032547052,0.0001895985,0.00018119231,0.00025822688],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994216,0.0003112613,0.00007161299,0.00010627969,0.00004448047,0.000044753186],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00029084552,0.00019409787,0.00034647435,0.000089980655,0.000051534076,0.000040683135,0.00022278521,0.00007396168,0.000005054536],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014562847,0.00013305816,0.00009020646,0.00029629708,0.000040154835,0.000060282673,0.000087561915,0.00013942127,5.7513597e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015767863,0.000009694413,0.000013964952,0.00040044327,0.00004967126,2.9279028e-7,0.0000056816384,0.023459578,0.9730426,0.002117008,0.00057209533,0.00017128742],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004262473,0.000065616536,0.000019521964,0.0003025763,0.000030611853,6.8896554e-7,0.000004328591,0.3538775,0.6449676,0.0001360905,0.000079580925,0.000089615874],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009571512,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000060788984,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.33041793,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003551346,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000060275233,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.54259545},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386114702","doi":"10.11159/htff23.219","title":"Effect of Static Liquid Height on Gas Holdup of a Bubble ColumnReactor","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the World Congress on Mechanical, Chemical, and Material Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Mechanics; Column (typography); Materials science; Nuclear engineering; Environmental science; Petroleum engineering; Physics; Engineering; Mechanical engineering","score_opus":0.003461255147922977,"score_gpt":0.19084249367803466,"score_spread":0.18738123853011168,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4386114702","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99842083,0.00000884779,0.0000018739984,0.000029444926,0.0008224267,0.00028128197,0.000045921755,0.00016675224,0.00022262121],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994822,0.00007699567,0.00019869322,0.000006872698,0.00006837841,0.00004118086,0.0000039366555,0.00006113732,0.000060610742],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988543,0.000004777028,0.0004112589,0.0002056848,0.00023849397,0.00028549923],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994265,0.00017778964,0.000110411864,0.00014567765,0.000057831363,0.00008181695],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00028238213,0.00024717354,0.00050758576,0.0001696308,0.000024322451,0.000027542314,0.0002881015,0.00008978838,0.000013146653],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012748053,0.00019690955,0.00010356423,0.00035269564,0.00004783523,0.000066168825,0.00013594035,0.00016400186,0.0000016213328],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00028642672,0.000020144344,0.0000023074801,0.0016425512,0.000058099293,6.304961e-7,0.000010369199,0.0015355669,0.9920949,0.0038108616,0.0003984433,0.00013973757],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004772275,0.00034816534,0.0000026831858,0.00088092836,0.000044096647,0.0000015628668,0.000007614014,0.0512522,0.946559,0.000072811265,0.0001892998,0.00016436758],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000055264427,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.6382357e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.049716637,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003251489,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000060741954,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.80297387},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386156163","doi":"10.32920/24033945.v1","title":"First-Principle Study of Gas Dispersion and Oxygen Transfer Efficiency in Non-Newtonian Fluids Using Coaxial Mixers","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Impeller; Aeration; Coaxial; Agitator; Mechanics; Carboxymethyl cellulose; Computational fluid dynamics; Bioreactor; Mechanical engineering; Materials science; Fluid dynamics; Process engineering; Wastewater; Environmental science; Engineering; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Waste management; Physics","score_opus":0.018123424743853603,"score_gpt":0.24430922392542345,"score_spread":0.22618579918156984,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4386156163","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95273405,0.00009031443,0.045449294,0.000014834307,0.00063689635,0.00072899775,0.000022720049,0.0001251146,0.0001978024],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99840695,0.00019416145,0.001188237,0.000002795703,0.000038587474,0.000019507293,0.000013614148,0.0000782398,0.000057887653],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99850225,0.00002008262,0.0004865494,0.00042874887,0.00023501129,0.00032736684],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99948174,0.000039409508,0.000017605258,0.00034979722,0.000028866554,0.000082571096],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000262078,0.0003101497,0.00046711555,0.00035925384,0.00005859395,0.000041002022,0.00023489963,0.00022209586,0.000014360853],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000011589729,0.0003177698,0.00008591851,0.0002343274,0.00003329334,0.000047707723,0.0003136697,0.00037221695,0.0000031713969],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014835227,0.00013109017,0.0077228574,0.0006154873,0.000060306844,0.000021835189,0.0044584996,0.9715433,0.015219451,0.00003611972,0.000011239961,0.00016494909],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00077739375,0.00007857651,0.01702719,0.00028398036,0.00004166883,0.0000015508978,0.0008255255,0.98037195,0.00023122475,0.000025966307,0.0000131416555,0.0003218172],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0037890284,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0040012314,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.045672946,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015093062,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003105422,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99992746},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386156166","doi":"10.32920/24033945","title":"First-Principle Study of Gas Dispersion and Oxygen Transfer Efficiency in Non-Newtonian Fluids Using Coaxial Mixers","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Impeller; Aeration; Coaxial; Mechanics; Carboxymethyl cellulose; Bioreactor; Agitator; Materials science; Computational fluid dynamics; Dispersion (optics); Fluid dynamics; Process engineering; Mechanical engineering; Chemistry; Engineering; Waste management; Physics","score_opus":0.018123424743853603,"score_gpt":0.24430922392542345,"score_spread":0.22618579918156984,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4386156166","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95273405,0.00009031443,0.045449294,0.000014834307,0.00063689635,0.00072899775,0.000022720049,0.0001251146,0.0001978024],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99840695,0.00019416145,0.001188237,0.000002795703,0.000038587474,0.000019507293,0.000013614148,0.0000782398,0.000057887653],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99850225,0.00002008262,0.0004865494,0.00042874887,0.00023501129,0.00032736684],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99948174,0.000039409508,0.000017605258,0.00034979722,0.000028866554,0.000082571096],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000262078,0.0003101497,0.00046711555,0.00035925384,0.00005859395,0.000041002022,0.00023489963,0.00022209586,0.000014360853],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000011589729,0.0003177698,0.00008591851,0.0002343274,0.00003329334,0.000047707723,0.0003136697,0.00037221695,0.0000031713969],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014835227,0.00013109017,0.0077228574,0.0006154873,0.000060306844,0.000021835189,0.0044584996,0.9715433,0.015219451,0.00003611972,0.000011239961,0.00016494909],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00077739375,0.00007857651,0.01702719,0.00028398036,0.00004166883,0.0000015508978,0.0008255255,0.98037195,0.00023122475,0.000025966307,0.0000131416555,0.0003218172],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0037890284,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0040012314,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.045672946,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015093062,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003105422,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99992746},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386185801","doi":"10.1061/joeedu.eeeng-7346","title":"Temperature Correction for Clean-Water Tests with Reference to ASCE/EWRI Standard 2-22","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Conestoga College","funders":"","keywords":"Aeration; Volume (thermodynamics); Mass transfer; Mass transfer coefficient; Environmental science; Wastewater; Mechanics; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Waste management; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.00387196523760085,"score_gpt":0.17877645554174615,"score_spread":0.1749044903041453,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4386185801","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98685604,0.00006005974,0.011972911,0.000032633598,0.00063165196,0.000140211,0.000029628145,0.000095027324,0.00018183293],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99632996,0.000073836,0.0031801465,0.000015015045,0.000117973825,0.000008858899,0.0000116673045,0.00005957189,0.00020299583],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992498,0.000002964367,0.0002166956,0.00009373946,0.00018627344,0.00025053657],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99973637,0.000030716194,0.000022935032,0.000090409485,0.0000097718,0.00010981244],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001470669,0.00014760613,0.00017516618,0.00016981216,0.000039555864,0.0000350839,0.00009025992,0.00005751422,0.00002337924],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000010867741,0.000114151684,0.00005307466,0.0000979777,0.000006496222,0.00014889789,0.00002210376,0.00021643289,0.000016610402],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000030461717,0.0000053026856,0.00007287008,0.000023651965,0.000031545933,0.000014525211,0.00008514155,0.61458725,0.38285553,0.000010560426,0.0005579922,0.0017251692],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003427156,0.0026272577,0.03912021,0.00090316695,0.00016068405,0.00066268444,0.00092235213,0.4843558,0.33502448,0.000032305856,0.13122255,0.0015413491],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":4.6897975e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002026981,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.13066454,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020644334,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004991584,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.46549705},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386505781","doi":"10.1002/cjce.25086","title":"Effect of agitation and aeration on gas dispersion efficiency in coaxial mixers containing yield‐pseudoplastic fluids: Experimental and numerical analysis","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Impeller; Shear thinning; Computational fluid dynamics; Mechanics; Mixing (physics); Coaxial; Dispersion (optics); Aeration; Turbulence; Materials science; Flow (mathematics); Rheology; Mechanical engineering; Chemistry; Engineering; Physics; Composite material","score_opus":0.003937775710213867,"score_gpt":0.19208142175329013,"score_spread":0.18814364604307626,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4386505781","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99702615,0.00024615557,0.002503995,0.000045498487,0.000101269114,0.000049054455,0.0000022064307,0.00001057304,0.000015116886],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99989825,0.000005263641,0.000043529624,0.000006807941,0.000028955681,0.0000023032703,0.0000029382252,0.000011359299,5.871061e-7],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994572,0.000012772541,0.00020717332,0.00006438922,0.00010200903,0.00015644798],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994695,0.00030650888,0.000026419853,0.000044909328,0.00002289776,0.00012974141],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00027090582,0.00009276633,0.00019443131,0.00033335487,0.00002777334,0.0000270097,0.000054921613,0.000045003126,0.00000303395],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00025979948,0.00007598569,0.00004579443,0.0003616673,0.000026657623,0.000056664925,0.0000068569516,0.00016276815,3.3765045e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002801877,0.0000023866842,0.00082016323,0.00003870712,0.00005760038,0.000018557477,0.0008232603,0.6205297,0.37697944,0.00009792997,0.000013809393,0.0005904224],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00029582423,0.00014404075,0.0005477991,0.00009523117,0.000048472273,0.0000110225865,0.00007521107,0.92909926,0.06960322,0.000002969498,0.0000019653858,0.0000749762],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00020153125,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004904971,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.30856955,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011432251,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000019943223,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.30986068},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386885512","doi":"10.1016/j.ces.2023.119307","title":"Hydrodynamic modifications in vertical bubble plumes by a grid-screen","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Science","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Lakehead University","keywords":"Bubble; Buoyancy; Mechanics; Nozzle; Drag; Venturi effect; Reynolds number; Surface tension; Neutral buoyancy; Plume; Chemistry; Meteorology; Physics; Thermodynamics; Mechanical engineering; Engineering","score_opus":0.005665390318462208,"score_gpt":0.20009847933681907,"score_spread":0.19443308901835685,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4386885512","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9876394,0.000097587596,0.010504535,0.00007454453,0.00024313637,0.0000777501,0.000015122466,0.0007228718,0.000625019],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99892366,0.000025791502,0.0008933649,0.000008989541,0.000031624197,0.000026395104,0.000020496931,0.000025548205,0.00004414324],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99883306,0.0000015518469,0.0001825917,0.0002560718,0.00022415355,0.00050260033],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995553,0.000053237993,0.0000043404543,0.00022584837,0.000016866108,0.00014439395],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001895703,0.0001268769,0.00012383949,0.00021465504,0.000036723144,0.00004890101,0.0003795875,0.00005925456,0.0000055714017],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014334293,0.00013971044,0.00003008143,0.0015763988,0.000097656244,0.00017660951,0.00007292089,0.0001965523,0.00006324533],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[3.3898442e-7,0.0000056547733,0.000029008575,0.000016087306,0.000001674626,0.000002188711,0.000046368234,0.30598512,0.69274503,0.00062119385,0.00039627525,0.00015105677],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009905686,0.0000028549232,0.00051189674,0.000027884222,0.0000017851046,0.000002411016,0.0000071202376,0.9547948,0.04409851,0.00004429721,0.00024517204,0.0001641694],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000011010275,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":8.5898694e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.64880973,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017719911,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002508848,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5697226},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4387298360","doi":"10.1016/j.fuel.2023.129865","title":"Probing the surface forces between air bubbles and bitumen via direct force Measurements: Effects of aqueous chemistry","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Fuel","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Asphalt; Aqueous solution; Surface force; Surface (topology); Chemistry; Chemical physics; Materials science; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chemical engineering; Mechanics; Environmental chemistry; Physical chemistry; Composite material; Physics; Geometry; Engineering; Mathematics","score_opus":0.008560209188905639,"score_gpt":0.1958976418184821,"score_spread":0.18733743262957647,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4387298360","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9940544,0.0016987628,0.0010118991,0.000027176886,0.00009990182,0.0002017191,0.0000069952703,0.00022722519,0.0026719205],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993278,0.00011153992,0.00009955105,0.0000049327055,0.000038106322,0.000012107826,0.000008849789,0.000028109187,0.00036904597],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99943775,0.000010551289,0.00012550669,0.000112034744,0.00012280885,0.00019134818],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999652,0.0001296753,0.000023732498,0.00014205155,0.000019261632,0.000033228553],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018390345,0.00010911672,0.00014859205,0.000018650844,0.0000515284,0.00001581375,0.00010708668,0.000046885794,0.0000015746951],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000029019076,0.000086188964,0.0000325517,0.00014614686,0.000024642455,0.000050599112,0.000052146945,0.00007306226,0.0000038112519],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000029100136,0.0000062232725,0.004759491,0.002701167,0.00018208126,0.0000045121947,0.0009556251,0.029988732,0.9564047,0.000016291639,0.0002916107,0.0046866965],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007890845,0.000053838794,0.0084045185,0.0006252077,0.00013049302,0.0000051763627,0.0001460456,0.15871078,0.8287952,0.00089593977,0.0009409992,0.0005027199],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000033186443,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000068390646,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12872204,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000024835026,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006576179,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3514684},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4387959468","doi":"10.1002/cjce.25123","title":"Exploiting the prediction of mass transfer performance in aerated coaxial mixers containing biopolymer solutions using empirical correlations and neural networks","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Impeller; Mass transfer coefficient; Mass transfer; Péclet number; Mixing (physics); Materials science; Aeration; Mechanics; Non-Newtonian fluid; Chemistry; Physics","score_opus":0.022773888642114683,"score_gpt":0.19611463522458827,"score_spread":0.1733407465824736,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4387959468","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98191863,0.000316983,0.017221533,0.00011542015,0.00032682827,0.000057627847,0.000007805426,0.000022483177,0.000012687075],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99976367,0.0000150084325,0.00007170475,0.0000101482,0.000111872476,0.0000020745472,0.0000037057366,0.000020783642,0.0000010315039],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99923545,0.000012428412,0.00032389065,0.00005218853,0.00008780592,0.000288261],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996403,0.00011708117,0.000023804527,0.00006160897,0.000037347883,0.00011985277],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002704117,0.00009491872,0.00014055069,0.00016701089,0.00010361647,0.000028915316,0.0001020648,0.00007022668,0.000002563204],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000046502966,0.000074383286,0.00004464863,0.0004172185,0.000062083745,0.00011237817,0.000007140467,0.00044042952,1.098427e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000035779092,6.858734e-7,0.0024006004,0.000011771631,0.000020291654,0.000004821228,0.0005255435,0.96333313,0.0334371,0.00007012986,0.000007530568,0.000184791],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00020781459,0.000011417656,0.0013905276,0.00010137308,0.00002202051,0.000055472035,0.000115584204,0.99655485,0.0014604691,0.0000057871734,0.000009267154,0.00006540527],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00018752595,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00012258517,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.033221703,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001219321,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000064214546,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.30332625},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4388809096","doi":"10.1016/j.cherd.2023.11.033","title":"Flow pattern dependent model for airlift pumps performance: Analytical simulation and experimental verification","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Process Safety and Environmental Protection","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs; Ontario Agri-Food Innovation Alliance; University of Guelph","keywords":"Airlift; Volumetric flow rate; Flow (mathematics); Range (aeronautics); Inlet; Nominal Pipe Size; Two-phase flow; Marine engineering; Engineering; Mechanics; Petroleum engineering; Flow conditions; Slug flow; Environmental science; Simulation; Mechanical engineering; Materials science; Bioreactor","score_opus":0.015348210552785553,"score_gpt":0.22585128552236422,"score_spread":0.21050307496957868,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4388809096","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.51950467,0.00006717281,0.47996163,0.000013903335,0.00003560484,0.00029615095,0.000017655118,0.000082086815,0.000021129163],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99936825,0.00022213804,0.00008225889,0.0000071444815,0.000030672072,0.00013736982,0.00009393893,0.00002163153,0.00003660955],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994603,0.000004261866,0.00013397173,0.00017515628,0.00009306948,0.0001332723],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99987745,0.0000075097773,0.000016931972,0.00005451095,0.0000027968988,0.000040822186],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000909927,0.000102255304,0.000076326185,0.000047801877,0.0001671831,0.000021682346,0.000023719142,0.00006446638,0.000004934676],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000025310317,0.000109333094,0.00001613591,0.00004330442,0.000023697414,0.00021814225,0.000018169903,0.000070708295,0.000004736367],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004933672,0.000012442631,0.00014742163,0.00012397711,0.000008103643,1.1232297e-7,0.00037062555,0.96274716,0.0043494017,0.0000037670416,4.6962384e-7,0.032187212],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003851836,0.00004915889,0.0015626524,0.000013587987,0.000009929995,0.0000026848118,0.00017330445,0.99558717,0.002012533,0.00005299624,0.000023003295,0.00012781151],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000022701047,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000012111745,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.47987938,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007141799,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000021085916,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.44584742},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389144250","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.3c03140","title":"Numerical Insights from a Population Balance Model into the Distribution of Bitumen Residues in Industrial Horizontal Pipes During the Hydrotransport of Oil Sands Tailings","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Alberta Innovates; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs; Imperial Oil Limited","keywords":"Asphalt; Tailings; Oil sands; Pipeline transport; Computational fluid dynamics; Breakage; Petroleum engineering; Population; Environmental science; Slurry; Deposition (geology); Geotechnical engineering; Particle-size distribution; Flow (mathematics); Geology; Mechanics; Materials science; Particle size; Environmental engineering; Sediment; Metallurgy; Composite material","score_opus":0.026964245302957813,"score_gpt":0.2599039935546425,"score_spread":0.23293974825168468,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389144250","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99913174,0.00016055026,0.00007976389,0.00006882455,0.00014881133,0.00015652628,0.000067241745,0.00011539831,0.00007116938],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99906987,0.000097322605,0.000009967347,3.495406e-7,0.0004147316,0.00005906442,0.00026168564,0.00003892281,0.000048106707],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99804306,0.000040043004,0.0005794634,0.00026019523,0.0006469934,0.0004302527],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99914145,0.00029258305,0.000055959164,0.00036172423,0.00007341344,0.000074853444],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006605427,0.00020191415,0.0003190349,0.00011621411,0.00010392168,0.000036271274,0.00045386524,0.00035636776,0.000005799655],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00034553066,0.00016076726,0.00008714716,0.0012988499,0.00008515307,0.00011983952,0.00008975906,0.0012227996,0.0000012669303],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000056728928,0.000012504837,0.0031342574,0.00007655023,0.000028881865,0.000005877792,0.00040703476,0.49528447,0.50056624,0.00002968267,0.00003770131,0.00036003112],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007981194,0.00001502486,0.003071943,0.00027738328,0.000008940165,9.953493e-7,0.00011297077,0.70460707,0.29080686,0.00008281213,0.00006457306,0.00015332653],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0020459804,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003113931,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2097594,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00028399486,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000087055545,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6555899},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389437346","doi":"10.3390/pr11123387","title":"Analyzing Local Shear Rate Distribution in a Dual Coaxial Mixing Bioreactor Handling Herschel–Bulkley Biopolymer Solutions through Computational Fluid Dynamics","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Processes","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Impeller; Shear thinning; Mechanics; Bioreactor; Computational fluid dynamics; Mixing (physics); Shear rate; Non-Newtonian fluid; Coaxial; Herschel–Bulkley fluid; Newtonian fluid; Materials science; Aeration; Shear (geology); Rheology; Chemistry; Physics; Mechanical engineering; Composite material; Engineering","score_opus":0.015271738176058177,"score_gpt":0.23612436172747814,"score_spread":0.22085262355141996,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389437346","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.3886149,0.001403649,0.60851866,0.00015962636,0.00033035426,0.00013171874,0.00022592247,0.0005033866,0.000111805646],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973358,0.0003101846,0.000832707,0.000015878513,0.00011021701,0.00003086514,0.0013023986,0.000045189394,0.000016794234],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986623,0.00002294434,0.0003544804,0.00027759298,0.00016824805,0.00051441556],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99951106,0.00017170321,0.000039652783,0.00010279245,0.00010825526,0.00006654256],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025219182,0.00021454263,0.00022538887,0.00016982973,0.0002152539,0.0001106031,0.00009231479,0.00011329939,0.000010473899],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013100375,0.00023662411,0.00005545792,0.0013636014,0.00008438211,0.00036892656,0.00006826688,0.00021307965,0.000041537016],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000023680363,0.000057001133,0.0017295412,0.0008174075,0.00008051363,0.000046070643,0.00078498607,0.9865265,0.0042850906,0.002638018,0.00027561252,0.0027355847],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00039681295,0.000016713333,0.0009082047,0.0001635228,0.000021097514,0.000008656188,0.0004442975,0.99528915,0.0011691451,0.001043505,0.00025313365,0.0002857865],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00015057076,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00036771302,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6087209,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00026188153,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012230944,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9649251},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389738479","doi":"10.1002/aic.18328","title":"The bubble size and rise velocity of bubble‐induced three‐phase inverse fluidized bed (BIFB)","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AIChE Journal","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Mechanics; Coalescence (physics); Breakup; Fluidized bed; Particle size; Materials science; Physics; Chemistry; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.015295604318102732,"score_gpt":0.2419574184358927,"score_spread":0.22666181411778996,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389738479","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9975047,0.00063884875,0.00052333856,0.00027252812,0.00052045175,0.00010009504,0.000008372501,0.0000987913,0.00033288283],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969329,0.0018096743,0.0008969809,0.0000315417,0.00016451682,0.0000050560798,0.0000019324211,0.00004006619,0.00011728168],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99896646,0.000038049082,0.0003440404,0.00010389479,0.00021640386,0.00033115773],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99922895,0.00027723017,0.00007092735,0.00019140604,0.00008068652,0.00015082303],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00087639014,0.0001459969,0.00021225946,0.0000770675,0.00026078348,0.00008371339,0.00019089096,0.00008626612,0.000029275056],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00024345393,0.00011095066,0.000086837776,0.00030585617,0.000051622384,0.0001348065,0.00007204661,0.00038182683,0.00002003876],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011291848,0.000045116027,0.0006343879,0.00007709754,0.0003037003,0.00008399223,0.0010162517,0.0016998535,0.9579711,0.00052502507,0.012203207,0.025327351],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.008152682,0.00027469083,0.0065333406,0.00019499486,0.00017552187,0.00021984369,0.0008190846,0.9201097,0.0507494,0.006323829,0.005820933,0.00062600983],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000037241305,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000106962354,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9184098,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000051318744,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000052336323,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.45244366},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4390768522","doi":"","title":"Etude transcriptomique par microarray d'une souche d'Escherichia coli entérohémorrhagique (EHEC) lors de sa croissance dans du contenu digestif de bovin","year":2006,"lang":"fr","type":"preprint","venue":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal; Ste. Anne's Hospital","funders":"","keywords":"Molecular biology; Escherichia coli; Biology; Gene; Genetics","score_opus":0.00671684407884105,"score_gpt":0.18637534559300903,"score_spread":0.17965850151416798,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4390768522","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.49784017,0.0022629777,0.47393513,0.008865051,0.0004684335,0.00063420186,0.00020798585,0.0004056867,0.0153803555],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.83022815,0.0014465151,0.15374042,0.00020354742,0.00012576093,0.00025756814,0.00067906576,0.0002779603,0.0130410055],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9902141,0.0050441097,0.0013667371,0.0013503203,0.00044282095,0.0015818909],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9937326,0.0013633296,0.0005624503,0.0023310059,0.0013730804,0.0006375516],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0064758803,0.0010952726,0.0010250835,0.00024102004,0.00070952135,0.00072625006,0.0021896374,0.0011123772,0.0001466518],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010134957,0.0013846615,0.00063180836,0.0007079129,0.0007597213,0.0002725704,0.00058242766,0.00223755,0.0000762419],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000051390394,0.00107299,0.022955935,0.0009131395,0.0003699422,0.000105381856,0.038779438,0.027052378,0.81126696,0.08829532,0.0037840146,0.0053530945],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0021721208,0.000002920801,0.097257376,0.0050387084,0.00036227363,0.00013278815,0.0006424484,0.39473918,0.45723936,0.003459398,0.036526658,0.0024267714],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.043483257,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.04277348,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3676868,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0016378834,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00094671675,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9988603},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391483120","doi":"10.1002/cjce.25192","title":"Mass transfer performance of pulsed disk and doughnut column ( <scp>PDDC</scp> ) in the extraction of active ingredients in peppermint extract obtained by hot percolation","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Extraction (chemistry); Mass transfer; Chromatography; Percolation (cognitive psychology); Materials science; Response surface methodology; Phase (matter); Volumetric flow rate; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Mass transfer coefficient; Chemistry","score_opus":0.004250794142712285,"score_gpt":0.18053680380077058,"score_spread":0.1762860096580583,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4391483120","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9974644,0.0008812047,0.0012254647,0.00004385469,0.00015379685,0.00010602128,0.000016233353,0.00000646617,0.00010251076],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997914,0.00005688422,0.00007150599,0.000004349825,0.00004196066,0.0000044487338,0.0000033032713,0.000020096035,0.0000060471452],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992277,0.00001277201,0.0003466825,0.000069149326,0.00014234426,0.00020133596],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995968,0.00019200727,0.000025506492,0.00006974772,0.00003220846,0.00008373181],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003540532,0.0001109941,0.00017738606,0.00020254024,0.000017022045,0.00003221078,0.00013732974,0.00007872712,0.000002829984],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007217363,0.00008676575,0.000049028557,0.00026671274,0.000032981025,0.00021123717,0.0000033094677,0.0004752139,1.3428894e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011885438,0.00000867813,0.00050259737,0.00024605452,0.000041645977,0.000020202857,0.0042655063,0.1450222,0.8468526,0.00007873527,0.000030636165,0.0029192395],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003327323,0.000040316914,0.004613149,0.00046379742,0.000029129851,0.00006768125,0.00022060024,0.9235421,0.07041334,0.00003037159,0.00017753761,0.00006928484],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00045664047,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004394632,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.77851987,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022186874,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007825218,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.35382047},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391638470","doi":"10.1149/ma2023-02422102mtgabs","title":"Elucidating the Role of Flow Fields in Bubble Removal from Porous Transport Layers","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ECS Meeting Abstracts","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Porosity; Flow (mathematics); Mechanics; Porous medium; Materials science; Physics; Composite material","score_opus":0.006533070055917701,"score_gpt":0.19432846190867886,"score_spread":0.18779539185276117,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4391638470","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9452231,0.0002375282,0.0000343556,0.000053919117,0.00026740352,0.000071955714,0.000016492291,0.00018548306,0.053909782],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981462,0.000039339924,0.0015807287,0.000013021762,0.00009021475,0.0000047649087,0.000029427025,0.000031885505,0.00006441651],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990741,0.000012240647,0.00034621524,0.00013934473,0.00015651787,0.00027155958],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995225,0.00019161045,0.000046066423,0.00018850525,0.00001565168,0.000035673114],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00046593067,0.00011335717,0.0001544725,0.00007097589,0.000046675606,0.000014587391,0.00016261675,0.000091534996,0.0000119877295],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007948931,0.00010366277,0.000047524303,0.00023189883,0.000013864707,0.00005720187,0.000018230388,0.0002490971,0.000020752695],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003175581,0.0000061418345,0.0017337423,0.000022464814,0.000014208167,0.000048911515,0.0013263888,0.92323464,0.07090937,0.000008140751,0.000057830206,0.0026349586],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00029301853,0.000012377499,0.04517596,0.00025260245,0.000014254534,0.000006243022,0.0011736911,0.8709096,0.079420075,0.000984414,0.0015212713,0.00023649349],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0015448293,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00063734205,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.05384537,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000024520574,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016580998,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.42272452},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391679061","doi":"10.1016/j.jnnfm.2024.105196","title":"Mixing in heterogeneous fluids: An examination of fluid property variations","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Compute Canada","keywords":"Mixing (physics); Homogenization (climate); Rheology; Buoyancy; Context (archaeology); Mechanics; Fluid dynamics; Advection; Parameter space; Mathematics; Statistical physics; Materials science; Thermodynamics; Physics; Geology; Statistics","score_opus":0.009767670823463016,"score_gpt":0.22226058314039437,"score_spread":0.21249291231693135,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4391679061","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5282644,0.0023824573,0.46607837,0.00009319022,0.002276178,0.0002933605,0.000026644562,0.00010836448,0.00047706114],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98580176,0.0006777715,0.013095859,0.000022542325,0.00023121171,0.0000063563602,0.000007769174,0.000082766805,0.0000739837],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99810344,0.000067137626,0.0009500893,0.00019216245,0.00037679746,0.0003103827],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99925464,0.00006560715,0.00009621109,0.000239837,0.0001990785,0.00014459458],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001025257,0.00023389299,0.00040276907,0.00069977646,0.00004595195,0.000099957964,0.00030004623,0.00017170899,0.00003150262],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006302157,0.00019402389,0.00016478905,0.0005381538,0.000011953866,0.00057990785,0.00003984539,0.00035873463,0.000008308946],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013421724,0.000084498606,0.000005818693,0.00027977684,0.000098155804,0.00015738932,0.0017744417,0.08821023,0.8798459,0.0014219716,0.00012501304,0.027983334],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00035672216,0.00029227443,0.00014480382,0.0005289975,0.000057357138,0.0002415181,0.000093228235,0.96706665,0.029895091,0.0005477074,0.0005584313,0.00021720097],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000016743326,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000040595674,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8788564,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00031461316,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014953625,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7912064},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391757394","doi":"10.32920/25209320","title":"Investigation of Local and Overall Volumetric Mass Transfer Coefficient and Gas Holdup in Aerated Coaxial Mixing Systems Containing Non-Newtonian Fluids through Tomography and Computational Fluid Dynamics","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Impeller; Mechanics; Coaxial; Computational fluid dynamics; Mixing (physics); Non-Newtonian fluid; Newtonian fluid; Mass transfer; Rotational speed; Mass transfer coefficient; Aeration; Materials science; Chemistry; Physics; Mechanical engineering; Engineering","score_opus":0.008821594766573099,"score_gpt":0.2006186194278428,"score_spread":0.1917970246612697,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4391757394","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.56127375,0.0027612573,0.4348193,0.000027714701,0.00037790564,0.00039565048,0.000100069185,0.000084243184,0.00016010062],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99351364,0.00048309413,0.0055390843,0.000022635344,0.000035130382,0.00003392599,0.000287649,0.000072217714,0.000012637393],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99800456,0.000054649772,0.0007600659,0.00056090206,0.00029427797,0.000325524],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994174,0.00014796323,0.000042309104,0.00015122004,0.00011177888,0.00012932366],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003859857,0.0004381746,0.0006551701,0.0007622914,0.00006209131,0.00026892536,0.000097031036,0.00038921475,0.0000021731319],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009702655,0.00047239114,0.00007001068,0.0005388369,0.00020607293,0.00010984445,0.00016643772,0.0005956266,4.1926512e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000032557215,0.000012270807,0.005695154,0.0030890584,0.00019382697,0.000024651772,0.0017689787,0.97274125,0.006953518,0.00863978,0.00002635651,0.00082261855],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008815168,0.00009132873,0.0034746774,0.0011154412,0.00007560538,0.000023760644,0.00048043183,0.9916222,0.00018504186,0.0016010238,0.0000053887234,0.00044357177],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011687356,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00023855382,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4322399,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020593469,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000084308325,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997728},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391757468","doi":"10.32920/25209320.v1","title":"Investigation of Local and Overall Volumetric Mass Transfer Coefficient and Gas Holdup in Aerated Coaxial Mixing Systems Containing Non-Newtonian Fluids through Tomography and Computational Fluid Dynamics","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Impeller; Mechanics; Coaxial; Computational fluid dynamics; Mixing (physics); Non-Newtonian fluid; Newtonian fluid; Mass transfer; Rotational speed; Mass transfer coefficient; Aeration; Materials science; Dispersion (optics); Chemistry; Physics; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Classical mechanics; Optics","score_opus":0.008821594766573099,"score_gpt":0.2006186194278428,"score_spread":0.1917970246612697,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4391757468","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.56127375,0.0027612573,0.4348193,0.000027714701,0.00037790564,0.00039565048,0.000100069185,0.000084243184,0.00016010062],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99351364,0.00048309413,0.0055390843,0.000022635344,0.000035130382,0.00003392599,0.000287649,0.000072217714,0.000012637393],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99800456,0.000054649772,0.0007600659,0.00056090206,0.00029427797,0.000325524],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994174,0.00014796323,0.000042309104,0.00015122004,0.00011177888,0.00012932366],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003859857,0.0004381746,0.0006551701,0.0007622914,0.00006209131,0.00026892536,0.000097031036,0.00038921475,0.0000021731319],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009702655,0.00047239114,0.00007001068,0.0005388369,0.00020607293,0.00010984445,0.00016643772,0.0005956266,4.1926512e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000032557215,0.000012270807,0.005695154,0.0030890584,0.00019382697,0.000024651772,0.0017689787,0.97274125,0.006953518,0.00863978,0.00002635651,0.00082261855],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008815168,0.00009132873,0.0034746774,0.0011154412,0.00007560538,0.000023760644,0.00048043183,0.9916222,0.00018504186,0.0016010238,0.0000053887234,0.00044357177],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011687356,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00023855382,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4322399,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020593469,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000084308325,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997728},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391815863","doi":"10.1002/cjce.25199","title":"Experimental and computational investigation of coaxial contra‐rotating impellers design in baffled‐free stirred reactors","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Baffle; Impeller; Rushton turbine; Mixing (physics); Suspension (topology); Coaxial; Rotation (mathematics); Mechanics; Rotational speed; Mechanical engineering; Turbine; Computational fluid dynamics; Vortex; Power (physics); Flow (mathematics); Engineering; Materials science; Computer science; Physics; Mathematics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.008915155567930776,"score_gpt":0.1851907972081588,"score_spread":0.17627564164022805,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4391815863","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9909681,0.0016256683,0.006968736,0.00009442423,0.00023231666,0.000063073276,0.0000065018894,0.000015173451,0.000026000413],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9965307,0.000001925753,0.0033823682,0.000006776207,0.000052919055,0.0000014180669,0.0000021435542,0.000020720689,9.929048e-7],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993992,0.000009848405,0.00028582136,0.00005417009,0.00010066933,0.00015029866],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99954396,0.00019630215,0.000025548832,0.000047365018,0.00002814939,0.00015869441],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024835806,0.00009151651,0.00013932688,0.00016640672,0.000015263891,0.000044294167,0.00010971813,0.000046657256,0.0000051794877],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009053527,0.00008217711,0.000030945754,0.0001431016,0.000046675224,0.00009874685,0.000007742574,0.00023645128,2.2019651e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000036923782,8.8181673e-7,0.00009080116,0.000046791036,0.00003215266,0.000023730418,0.0012360257,0.6555162,0.3421135,0.0005584128,0.0000994726,0.000278359],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00024012318,0.000015465801,0.00027653557,0.00022343507,0.0000088065835,0.000059674156,0.000037429072,0.95008665,0.048681054,0.0002777041,0.000010041884,0.00008306308],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00041774096,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000646064,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.29457048,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015473057,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001604668,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.33510852},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391849201","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2024.104763","title":"Development of a smart multiphase system for disperse flows using machine learning","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"National Research Council Canada","keywords":"Computer science; Materials science; Multiphase flow; Artificial intelligence; Mechanics; Physics","score_opus":0.01673128236281788,"score_gpt":0.26738455945517525,"score_spread":0.25065327709235735,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4391849201","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.47928137,0.00091649516,0.5168826,0.00001367074,0.0026645155,0.000091771275,0.00006468226,0.000052274976,0.00003260726],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7540482,0.00002348937,0.24556951,0.0000038077906,0.0002704701,0.000003832998,0.000017855758,0.000037686335,0.000025139085],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99867666,0.000014828055,0.0007002919,0.00010951136,0.00034088446,0.00015785605],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99934036,0.00011763165,0.00010592545,0.000060289534,0.0002911078,0.00008467554],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00040112183,0.00015550233,0.00023095064,0.00037541665,0.000045016634,0.00007091642,0.0002196335,0.00005451225,0.000017997694],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000795703,0.00014045063,0.0002009957,0.00008241595,0.0000128719275,0.00020703694,0.000030746753,0.00020806317,0.000003707326],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015119847,0.000063045336,0.00009489127,0.00030233798,0.00062744354,0.00017685439,0.0013481204,0.6777979,0.27741212,0.000118307966,0.000027975351,0.04187977],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013221768,0.000034966986,0.0000065316026,0.00089980994,0.000042877375,0.00019528493,0.00016317378,0.9716156,0.016471887,0.000003867521,0.009110848,0.00013296164],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000011897062,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000033355747,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.29381767,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003602079,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000096676056,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5727411},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392002806","doi":"10.1002/cjce.25207","title":"Experimental investigation, modelling, and order of magnitude analysis of oxygen mass transfer in pulsed plate column with <scp>α‐Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub></scp> nanofluid","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofluid; Reynolds number; Dimensionless quantity; Mass transfer; Sherwood number; Schmidt number; Mass transfer coefficient; Materials science; Thermodynamics; Brownian motion; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Mechanics; Heat transfer; Turbulence; Chemistry; Nusselt number; Chromatography; Physics","score_opus":0.005450684575531978,"score_gpt":0.16352550564081283,"score_spread":0.15807482106528087,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4392002806","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9793106,0.002208145,0.018188538,0.000029412813,0.00008814781,0.00009896697,0.000030660904,0.000020404726,0.000025180329],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991454,0.00006276479,0.0006632994,0.000012922433,0.000039193175,0.000006032148,0.000010009759,0.00005870433,0.0000016695013],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99873704,0.000012795026,0.00054804905,0.00014571464,0.00022443046,0.0003319471],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993018,0.00010215158,0.000038755923,0.00013275843,0.00010229331,0.00032227646],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023669042,0.00022145895,0.00043349314,0.0006245488,0.000025678604,0.000056291163,0.00018398472,0.00011954799,0.0000028654354],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003122398,0.00019883177,0.000116674,0.0009507802,0.00008493997,0.00015335337,0.000008974235,0.00038296176,3.6751788e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000028167537,0.0000026788305,0.00005308367,0.0000764185,0.0002971453,0.000022227297,0.0007521014,0.45748875,0.54117453,0.00007855052,0.000010160139,0.000041533403],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00018192652,0.000018715444,0.00005523121,0.00016644975,0.00014161396,0.000017875906,0.000032827716,0.47530612,0.5239821,0.00002029802,0.000010272349,0.00006653037],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00026528045,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005466065,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.019834861,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020432638,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00019970244,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8108124},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392303162","doi":"10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2024.111174","title":"Experimental evaluation of airlift pumps' thermal and mass transfer capabilities","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Airlift; Materials science; Slug flow; Mechanics; Mass transfer; Mass flow meter; Volumetric flow rate; Two-phase flow; Isothermal flow; Heat transfer; Flow (mathematics); Mass flow; Mass flow rate; Isothermal process; Thermodynamics; Heat exchanger; Environmental science; Open-channel flow; Chemistry; Physics","score_opus":0.015115650676573009,"score_gpt":0.2552011591175198,"score_spread":0.24008550844094678,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4392303162","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9715738,0.022759328,0.00017134819,0.000012513238,0.0003878071,0.00018164764,0.000009680947,0.000081427155,0.0048224055],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996314,0.000030886233,0.00019199522,0.000013220958,0.000046478584,0.00003414678,0.0000016398664,0.000018167912,0.00003208744],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988987,0.000022496131,0.00017444041,0.0002665147,0.00040764993,0.00023021916],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99974984,0.000020665611,0.0000049573787,0.000113683775,0.000025915893,0.000084916],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00045172923,0.00014991197,0.00012882543,0.0000922789,0.000115999326,0.000105702034,0.00011634219,0.000036872516,0.00014329013],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00000381507,0.0001280919,0.000036231308,0.00016033463,0.00052126637,0.00045831394,0.00004220647,0.000067847344,0.0000037057137],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000067863357,0.000018353294,0.00003946654,0.000022854965,0.00000992676,0.0000014342958,0.0057201926,0.0019704804,0.9868428,0.0030652762,0.000002732452,0.0022996564],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001615241,0.000059555707,0.0003457298,0.000026765376,0.0000063297553,0.000005940601,0.001412475,0.38334808,0.6144721,0.000029667352,0.000024743686,0.000107103835],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000025139287,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.7055917e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3813776,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007878366,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000379377,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5223436},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392691764","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4747090","title":"Efficient Emulsifications by Ultrasonic Treatments: A Combined Study of Molecular and Experimental Investigations","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Ultrasonic sensor; Materials science; Physics; Acoustics","score_opus":0.005307240119754355,"score_gpt":0.2274858756877142,"score_spread":0.22217863556795983,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4392691764","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9730455,0.023773516,0.0021523007,0.00006172242,0.0002464067,0.00045559803,0.000034865185,0.000080730235,0.00014935552],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99880755,0.0007833283,0.00010279732,0.0000047450203,0.000022959395,0.00007805428,0.00003288959,0.0000624278,0.000105259816],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99838036,0.0000429426,0.00039503808,0.00025195727,0.00020199544,0.0007277008],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995331,0.00002074693,0.00008015202,0.00023762438,0.000038371636,0.000090014415],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024670336,0.00026335067,0.00027332795,0.00018840223,0.00009068432,0.00007913837,0.00018124114,0.000104327024,0.0000040289183],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000010908542,0.00026219018,0.000094651645,0.0001419103,0.000041010546,0.00001546744,0.00011953094,0.0016609506,0.0000031739312],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000026388328,0.0022884214,0.00039152463,0.00021373201,0.005451921,0.00001978429,0.007973305,0.56641537,0.3572281,0.058436207,0.00020441104,0.0013508467],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005860293,0.002969884,0.0002873375,0.00069419865,0.0020270327,0.00036103162,0.02485678,0.822791,0.02490837,0.113455564,0.000056991445,0.0017315458],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000064831,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006300046,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3323197,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009684414,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00041005464,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999983},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392711816","doi":"10.1002/cjce.25232","title":"Laminar mixing of Newtonian and <scp>non‐Newtonian</scp> fluids in <scp>SMX</scp> static mixer","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Newtonian fluid; Mechanics; Non-Newtonian fluid; Shear thinning; Reynolds number; Mixing (physics); Generalized Newtonian fluid; Laminar flow; Computational fluid dynamics; Materials science; Rheology; Turbulence; Physics; Thermodynamics; Shear rate","score_opus":0.004021412688848175,"score_gpt":0.1738574732342668,"score_spread":0.16983606054541864,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4392711816","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98676324,0.007906134,0.0040280577,0.00014908306,0.0005607681,0.00010394431,0.000018246315,0.000041362127,0.00042918857],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997144,0.00009966568,0.0023384057,0.000027096614,0.00019003334,0.0000038844273,0.0000027346166,0.0000886483,0.000105555395],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99843127,0.000013576955,0.0005871003,0.00015344669,0.00021423105,0.0006003906],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99872684,0.0005034998,0.000048225116,0.00018227301,0.000056070374,0.00048308208],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00044699915,0.00027034982,0.00040804085,0.0004908632,0.000038694612,0.00013506842,0.000326139,0.00015204413,0.0000049853325],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00035844915,0.0002422974,0.00012078791,0.00046766707,0.00007534404,0.0001981907,0.000028456689,0.00076775486,0.0000036262559],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000011982985,0.000009768254,0.00047206075,0.0011700682,0.00023870665,0.0005636649,0.0068929703,0.2071362,0.77786547,0.0011167448,0.0025927878,0.0019403448],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003904829,0.00004314599,0.0005851723,0.0014323097,0.00007452825,0.0003864021,0.00029229288,0.93374854,0.0558792,0.00028738118,0.006768135,0.00011239171],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005498105,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00040418745,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7266123,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00031053644,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002484621,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9880601},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392760961","doi":"10.1002/apj.3056","title":"Motion and interaction of in‐line bubbles in quiescent non‐aqueous solutions of hydrocarbon resin","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Petro-Canada","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Resource Processing and Process Intensification Technology, Guangxi University; Innovative Research Group Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Bubble; Drag; Coalescence (physics); Mechanics; Aqueous solution; Viscosity; Materials science; Chemistry; Chemical physics; Physics; Composite material; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.005387086778819626,"score_gpt":0.19699205732228517,"score_spread":0.19160497054346554,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4392760961","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9724341,0.0028369033,0.024052469,0.00005899996,0.00033685312,0.00004969237,0.0000026607115,0.000021386826,0.00020692279],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986119,0.00026229417,0.0010443866,4.4162925e-7,0.00005435798,0.0000012673829,0.0000018957841,0.000021105683,0.0000023384068],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990957,0.0000056384238,0.00054639386,0.00007877175,0.000118594406,0.00015489993],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997494,0.00006542061,0.000046887308,0.00006578607,0.000027806302,0.000044697594],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022779919,0.00010730712,0.00024982222,0.00041745015,0.0000035095704,0.000011814128,0.000059818885,0.00007863502,0.0000019364197],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000052737898,0.000110136665,0.000060059207,0.00026453426,0.000017018245,0.000153843,0.000019448498,0.0003473238,2.1569161e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011998801,0.000022933005,0.000060001214,0.0003377851,0.000024095818,0.000019182831,0.00030729023,0.17653619,0.8189472,0.00020979757,0.000011657415,0.0035118621],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00021006678,0.000028861085,0.00015892443,0.00104285,0.0000131499955,0.00008199605,0.00011632551,0.8036777,0.1944509,0.000104041785,0.000033531953,0.00008167646],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000012036692,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000028781762,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6271415,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014337787,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014279907,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.44912428},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4393392882","doi":"10.1007/s00449-024-02990-w","title":"Analyzing of hydrodynamic stress and mass transfer requirements of a fermentation process carried out in a coaxial bioreactor: a scale-up study","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Impeller; Bioreactor; Coaxial; Agitator; Mass transfer; Shear stress; Aeration; Industrial and production engineering; Materials science; SCALE-UP; Mechanics; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Chemistry; Composite material; Waste management; Physics; Classical mechanics","score_opus":0.008210324520030551,"score_gpt":0.233386356786779,"score_spread":0.22517603226674843,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4393392882","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.993235,0.0021466555,0.0037372322,0.0000020168625,0.00030945835,0.00038003543,0.00007784479,0.00009454231,0.00001722957],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99971753,0.00011366558,0.000035360845,2.8246995e-7,0.000029628214,0.000049141734,0.000010973045,0.000037555517,0.000005833039],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989132,0.000007927502,0.0004698657,0.00024734624,0.0001622616,0.00019934993],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99978215,0.000014961649,0.000023178456,0.000089984394,0.000034300774,0.000055407694],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018358992,0.00020666367,0.0003463639,0.0003701623,0.000016786384,0.000052487132,0.00007549962,0.00007897796,9.44261e-7],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000051134907,0.0001940854,0.00003276774,0.0002820036,0.000019335272,0.00018301653,0.000014177146,0.000098918856,1.2113725e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000029031587,0.000061365434,0.037892725,0.017692111,0.00020981602,0.000015266416,0.009991601,0.013100234,0.9196091,0.000071266855,3.2795234e-7,0.0013271456],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008938295,0.00012921347,0.0050725406,0.0025159698,0.00008461802,0.0000057116135,0.002516373,0.9555511,0.03288595,0.0000078002795,0.0000032799076,0.00033360673],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008122902,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00017785645,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9424509,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000046943176,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016453185,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7914573},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4393950544","doi":"10.3390/en17071733","title":"Performance Assessment of Venturi-Assisted Confined Tube Aerators with Varying Diameter","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Energies","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Venturi effect; Tube (container); Materials science; Composite material; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Inlet","score_opus":0.00575240338837558,"score_gpt":0.20610924581802004,"score_spread":0.20035684242964447,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4393950544","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98795545,0.00063581805,0.0021141446,0.000011987084,0.00041695967,0.000039718205,0.000005164553,0.0002169783,0.008603777],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9962084,0.00012490212,0.003405773,0.0000067029214,0.00003718346,0.000014920846,0.000008974962,0.000028311388,0.00016478806],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995414,0.0000054775724,0.00012506981,0.00009744762,0.00010308095,0.00012754077],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999806,0.000031495383,0.000009220424,0.00011484553,0.000015996797,0.000022470016],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00005305904,0.00010030713,0.00011893647,0.00008179881,0.00002414158,0.000040138475,0.00005858008,0.000028784754,0.000030075778],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000016870553,0.00007990511,0.000031626463,0.00013956142,0.000020979818,0.00009878973,0.00001579935,0.00008187676,0.0000022071877],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006374004,0.000016578624,0.0026611122,0.00073003257,0.00023324646,0.000028605298,0.0004300825,0.8437353,0.13358635,0.0043813125,0.00035469647,0.013836353],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00016060342,0.00006161933,0.009378102,0.00029436656,0.000028686774,0.000007577555,0.0000314087,0.963121,0.024801623,0.000009149115,0.0019325133,0.00017338443],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009925939,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000042045954,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.11938571,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000349998,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000024279987,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.32584357},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4394580812","doi":"10.3390/chemengineering8020042","title":"Application of Machine Learning Models in Coaxial Bioreactors: Classification and Torque Prediction","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ChemEngineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Coaxial; Torque; Bioreactor; Artificial intelligence; Computer science; Machine learning; Engineering; Mechanical engineering; Physics; Chemistry","score_opus":0.00916722697445105,"score_gpt":0.1904505432799636,"score_spread":0.18128331630551256,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4394580812","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.53611207,0.002244441,0.46047425,0.0000098850805,0.00014954156,0.00010853645,0.000010610999,0.00034034115,0.00055029953],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988673,0.00034910525,0.00061572646,5.561486e-7,0.000045930134,0.000040050174,0.000042014315,0.000026618889,0.00001273091],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99957013,0.000002400106,0.00016537895,0.00011142269,0.000056241257,0.00009441222],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998758,0.000018200963,0.000008625628,0.00006470711,0.000009317841,0.000023393004],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009054999,0.00008207909,0.00008394769,0.0001820833,0.000009230786,0.000017777837,0.000031432486,0.000053667354,0.0000015498209],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00000571486,0.00009214872,0.000015627073,0.00020378253,0.000007735429,0.00015334194,0.000010649241,0.00013477214,7.4671544e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000012474002,0.0000041748567,0.0008236955,0.00033390737,0.000012371112,5.330661e-7,0.0002730303,0.5085036,0.47075003,0.0064743506,0.000004524871,0.012818508],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007666604,0.0000070230344,0.0015396833,0.00007270477,0.0000051376924,0.0000017289647,0.000018087354,0.99319994,0.004091305,0.00009448034,0.0008207338,0.0000725176],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000016076985,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004367905,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4846963,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000065279186,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004348586,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.37577158},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4394869933","doi":"10.1002/cjce.25264","title":"<scp>CFD</scp> simulations of a bubble column containing enhanced oil recovery chemicals","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Global Affairs Canada; Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior; Canadian Bureau for International Education","keywords":"Drag; Surface tension; Bubble; Computational fluid dynamics; Mechanics; Brine; Viscosity; Petroleum engineering; Reynolds number; Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Chromatography; Materials science; Turbulence; Geology; Physics","score_opus":0.005338206062356271,"score_gpt":0.18334651877779,"score_spread":0.17800831271543374,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4394869933","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9879391,0.0029409563,0.00688764,0.00006167655,0.0006753993,0.000041305706,0.0000392473,0.000059681282,0.0013549912],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987125,0.000021034763,0.00086359103,0.000017803932,0.00022895752,0.000002406175,0.000005450141,0.000052252366,0.000096022806],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99895495,0.000006018269,0.00045067165,0.00008866278,0.00015340687,0.00034627246],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99896514,0.0004581165,0.000046089957,0.00013962362,0.0000921282,0.0002989069],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023465767,0.0001539597,0.0002734682,0.00019633556,0.00003483137,0.000087410794,0.00025076396,0.00011126105,0.000025222718],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00040341783,0.00014092383,0.00014665403,0.00031659796,0.000039980623,0.00013884853,0.000013632213,0.0004808362,0.0000034114896],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[9.360678e-7,0.0000015807959,0.0000036488332,0.00011183687,0.00009413284,0.000016219314,0.0003491138,0.46462622,0.5333232,0.00040683732,0.00035831457,0.0007078989],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001920941,0.000022905004,0.0000069090897,0.00062896975,0.000057391986,0.00007043495,0.000030315528,0.70284027,0.29144636,0.00024299636,0.004361415,0.00009991079],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00022024635,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001504842,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.24187689,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00030469082,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00026429148,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5746707},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4395046364","doi":"10.1002/cjce.25274","title":"<scp>CFD</scp> investigation of flow hydrodynamics and optimization in an industrial‐scale annular lance with swirl flow","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Mechanics; Pressure drop; Turbulence; Computational fluid dynamics; Turbulence kinetic energy; Flow (mathematics); Casing; Inlet; Materials science; Physics; Mechanical engineering; Engineering","score_opus":0.005646809656382347,"score_gpt":0.15838148819520384,"score_spread":0.1527346785388215,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4395046364","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9771235,0.0010607438,0.021467712,0.00005136437,0.0001698105,0.00005938728,0.00001194276,0.000023417744,0.000032147636],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99156886,0.000021136359,0.008238164,0.0000068105205,0.000116998155,0.0000015814882,0.000008985361,0.000033969456,0.000003514915],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993853,0.000008306774,0.0002448278,0.00007501522,0.000102602615,0.00018392065],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99957186,0.000058575042,0.000027039576,0.000088392975,0.0000418363,0.0002123077],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021974527,0.00011161534,0.00016421844,0.00020431951,0.00001642876,0.000063899824,0.00011846077,0.000097004246,0.0000014596807],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000054639477,0.00009368658,0.000023682082,0.00029964146,0.00004077169,0.00020872492,0.0000059766535,0.00037983884,1.6271215e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[9.179562e-7,8.9461037e-7,0.0003896119,0.000057164027,0.000018028162,0.00001821004,0.0005794688,0.9854047,0.013042412,0.00008269955,0.00002570507,0.0003801982],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00016238294,0.000021443697,0.00009881857,0.00032788966,0.000017767641,0.000054751872,0.000020496578,0.99485284,0.0042807036,0.00004050526,0.00006926352,0.00005312427],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00012707223,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005244169,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.014445367,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001558391,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001381859,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3820428},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4396709203","doi":"10.1063/5.0202461","title":"Influence of rheological parameters on the performance of the aerated coaxial mixer containing a pseudoplastic fluid","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physics of Fluids","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Mechanics; Shear thinning; Mass transfer; Coaxial; Non-Newtonian fluid; Physics; Turbulence; Taylor dispersion; Dispersion (optics); Rheology; Thermodynamics; Newtonian fluid; Mechanical engineering; Diffusion; Optics","score_opus":0.009945054208926688,"score_gpt":0.20121568419168243,"score_spread":0.19127062998275574,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4396709203","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99800587,0.0001389196,0.0011838945,0.000027198104,0.00019759139,0.00012174192,0.000017606337,0.000040579278,0.00026662808],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999774,0.00003897423,0.00010243706,0.00002080436,0.000025431971,0.000010121393,0.0000017916369,0.000017377219,0.000009093117],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99924684,0.00002575617,0.00026950048,0.00011139826,0.00019079338,0.00015572707],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992804,0.0003684866,0.00003087101,0.0002383523,0.000062495325,0.000019405614],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015308909,0.00012820783,0.0002022346,0.00002752322,0.000035234414,0.000011555561,0.00024379556,0.000046115056,0.0000046411697],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000058003658,0.000076317934,0.000098754426,0.0002826853,0.00017726712,0.000071794486,0.00005376484,0.00018803583,0.000004065004],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000026551643,0.000018587833,0.00077953545,0.0001751472,0.00006941029,7.123314e-7,0.0004369312,0.56577426,0.402884,0.029345088,0.00004541425,0.00044436022],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00011372549,0.00016983278,0.0026472986,0.00036505394,0.000028941588,0.0000015391269,0.000024511071,0.8398927,0.15627454,0.00037814997,0.0000134498905,0.0000902848],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000014687492,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":8.0296553e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.27411842,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002156801,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000031104682,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3112155},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4396733638","doi":"10.1002/cjce.25304","title":"Mass transfer and bubble hydrodynamics in stirred tank with multiple properties fluid via a <scp>CFD‐PBM</scp> method","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Computational fluid dynamics; Bubble; Mass transfer; Mechanics; Air bubble; Fluid simulation; Physics; Materials science","score_opus":0.004818064153230169,"score_gpt":0.16124768909183443,"score_spread":0.15642962493860427,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4396733638","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8785416,0.0046272143,0.11607634,0.00016489558,0.0002573556,0.00012604092,0.000011715388,0.000061566505,0.0001332877],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9954554,0.000025049128,0.004307739,0.000013487713,0.000091281916,0.000006266821,0.0000017135407,0.00007020716,0.000028850172],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990453,0.000010816939,0.0002959244,0.00011776623,0.0001394126,0.00039077253],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999401,0.00014463194,0.000010263847,0.00011002497,0.000035208865,0.0002988679],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00030297667,0.00020078638,0.00025364372,0.00024221856,0.000030710256,0.0001258045,0.00018465822,0.00009339329,0.0000025786812],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000070539914,0.00014607451,0.000058464102,0.00027635077,0.000040530493,0.00015623675,0.000007282653,0.00057136966,0.0000010209629],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003001339,0.0000017647404,0.00004730461,0.00017045796,0.000076615055,0.00012689132,0.00082081556,0.5600932,0.43766546,0.00016569844,0.000026420308,0.0008023423],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002608149,0.000021293858,0.000033447694,0.00037436164,0.00003441182,0.0003113452,0.000032412227,0.9675973,0.030547228,0.00007517195,0.0006127163,0.00009951617],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00059935084,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013572284,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.40750405,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00026710858,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013964006,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5956746},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4396931010","doi":"10.1002/cjce.25311","title":"Understanding two‐phase flow behaviour: <scp>CFD</scp> Assessment of silicone oil–air and water–air in an intermediate vertical pipe","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Silicone oil; Computational fluid dynamics; Airflow; Petroleum engineering; Air water; Flow (mathematics); Mechanics; Phase (matter); Air bubble; Materials science; Environmental science; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Chemistry; Composite material; Physics; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.014635554178485619,"score_gpt":0.23284963805910125,"score_spread":0.21821408388061564,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4396931010","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99237454,0.00047009933,0.00647063,0.000084239866,0.00043394387,0.000037671067,0.000013002111,0.000032623062,0.00008326554],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99943453,0.000016232836,0.0003523435,0.0000139870635,0.00012460935,0.0000023940518,0.0000059541117,0.00004584097,0.000004116872],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988993,0.000012590336,0.0004173893,0.000112041,0.0001533472,0.00040536316],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99926054,0.00012589394,0.000015106667,0.00012109947,0.000028122815,0.00044923555],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00035336099,0.00017365976,0.00027159514,0.0003054324,0.000027095397,0.00005498916,0.00019559856,0.00008562926,0.0000067760307],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000049202314,0.00013571326,0.00007301489,0.00014979701,0.00006672319,0.00019313069,0.000023189876,0.00059684494,5.731588e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000032018443,0.00001865874,0.0006606359,0.0003027219,0.000086793305,0.00037342784,0.0017139829,0.32958788,0.66517395,0.0013351439,0.000030909177,0.00071269035],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005468725,0.000048565857,0.00031765294,0.00037744013,0.00004489938,0.000121928686,0.000082786515,0.94472176,0.053466853,0.00013829043,0.00004249003,0.000090484464],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001674086,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00042990022,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6151338,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00062255724,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001301084,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5534226},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4398140510","doi":"10.1017/jfm.2024.331","title":"Bubble-induced entrainment at viscoplastic–Newtonian interfaces","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Fluid Mechanics","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Alliance de recherche numérique du Canada","keywords":"Viscoplasticity; Mechanics; Bubble; Entrainment (biomusicology); Non-Newtonian fluid; Newtonian fluid; Materials science; Classical mechanics; Physics; Thermodynamics; Constitutive equation; Acoustics","score_opus":0.006904394449628081,"score_gpt":0.20816766750127014,"score_spread":0.20126327305164204,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4398140510","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.66691166,0.006164785,0.31670883,0.00027418305,0.008652242,0.000116447714,0.0000143129155,0.0001648904,0.0009926653],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969996,0.00079705584,0.0016945634,0.000037749363,0.00028148043,0.0000015882816,0.0000011790019,0.000051504598,0.00013528448],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988995,0.000013701039,0.00043903265,0.00010845718,0.00028137822,0.00025792207],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99959075,0.0000577302,0.00004209926,0.000119074124,0.000049083046,0.00014124216],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00030111315,0.00016914174,0.00022426255,0.00018132957,0.000040287745,0.000100108875,0.00018076354,0.000084024556,0.00012695335],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000025203233,0.00014596217,0.00012878342,0.00013892144,0.000004691968,0.00016905458,0.000055286047,0.0002877331,0.000063650514],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013665778,0.000014711481,0.0000010154047,0.00013272736,0.0001639366,0.0001836283,0.00045517148,0.01600981,0.97154856,0.0038924029,0.002849495,0.004734875],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002399447,0.00020149865,0.0000024739234,0.00043997806,0.00006721807,0.0003825233,0.00009403142,0.8248436,0.16178538,0.0005992062,0.01117045,0.0001737223],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000011586475,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000072296107,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8097632,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003995172,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000051101077,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5952165},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4399551368","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4860910","title":"An Experimental Study of the Coalescence and Interactions of Pairs of Air Bubbles Rising in Stagnant Tap Water","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Tap water; Coalescence (physics); Mechanics; Environmental science; Air water; Hydrology (agriculture); Physics; Environmental engineering; Geotechnical engineering; Geology; Astrobiology","score_opus":0.006448368128014079,"score_gpt":0.24377578463877897,"score_spread":0.2373274165107649,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4399551368","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.995253,0.0036203724,0.0004473941,0.000010764305,0.0004002322,0.0002103723,0.000007350257,0.000011184608,0.000039325743],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99921954,0.0006565817,0.00004017038,7.860122e-7,0.000029012732,0.000007794206,0.0000014405831,0.000027647751,0.000017007646],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99870837,0.000058612546,0.00045288776,0.00013885001,0.00015820435,0.00048308235],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996376,0.000016979075,0.00009183697,0.0001943973,0.00003514756,0.000024018807],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005142745,0.00015024227,0.0002670904,0.00017377247,0.00003145493,0.000016578815,0.00022119482,0.000048234622,0.000003124207],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000049133823,0.0001019096,0.00007554951,0.000065692584,0.000040279803,0.000056295656,0.00022522811,0.0017019365,1.4139978e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006496286,0.0012458964,0.013717247,0.0005941597,0.00068496045,0.00001248891,0.023990879,0.22442041,0.72799265,0.003786734,0.0000044926132,0.0034851092],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0031040388,0.0031479374,0.011417155,0.0056441557,0.00059644156,0.00065529003,0.20501126,0.3603461,0.36268753,0.04604886,0.000025417605,0.0013158296],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00031699316,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018798586,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.36530516,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00038303196,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022138849,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7394162},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4399664432","doi":"10.11159/jffhmt.2024.011","title":"Flashing Phenomena in Multiphase VOF Investigation for Water Purification","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Fluid Flow Heat and Mass Transfer","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Galway","keywords":"Flashing; Volume of fluid method; Mechanics; Environmental science; Materials science; Petroleum engineering; Geology; Physics; Metallurgy; Flow (mathematics)","score_opus":0.010305628086147841,"score_gpt":0.20800251273214593,"score_spread":0.19769688464599808,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4399664432","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7212586,0.002257603,0.27536142,0.0003453509,0.00052214734,0.00013204932,0.000008015244,0.000025388917,0.00008945321],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99530214,0.00056715566,0.0037323073,0.000028974033,0.00028011753,0.000009915926,0.000010950638,0.000025917843,0.000042515738],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993266,0.000010834017,0.0003331188,0.00008513861,0.00008705274,0.00015729576],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999809,0.000037920865,0.000002526278,0.000046246398,0.0000350313,0.000069247995],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00033441256,0.000100047146,0.0001483497,0.0002042773,0.000027739947,0.000080185564,0.00004509315,0.0000613448,0.00000854445],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000005462324,0.00007610064,0.00006502121,0.00006763098,0.000013378001,0.0003325718,0.0000018532212,0.00014921304,0.0000017912103],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000024861443,0.000007752496,0.000044107972,0.00030074923,0.00003308874,0.00001009346,0.0018634575,0.040740073,0.9473061,0.0003840348,0.00011087922,0.009174832],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00068501587,0.000059342663,0.00008173253,0.00018375352,0.000032468797,0.000015769869,0.00004454358,0.91982394,0.07427525,0.00057645317,0.004111349,0.00011036414],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000027565707,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009097708,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8790839,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000058417205,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014893828,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3103294},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4399667152","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.4c00679","title":"Analysis of Scale-Up and Characterization of the Volumetric Mass Transfer Coefficient for Gas Dispersion in Yield-Pseudoplastic Fluids Using a Coaxial Mixer","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Computational fluid dynamics; Mixing (physics); Impeller; Mechanics; Coaxial; Mass transfer; Rushton turbine; Shear thinning; Materials science; Dispersion (optics); Mass transfer coefficient; Mechanical engineering; Rheology; Engineering; Physics; Composite material","score_opus":0.040782463273873845,"score_gpt":0.27285717277606214,"score_spread":0.23207470950218828,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4399667152","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9818691,0.00015375881,0.017242111,0.000012227443,0.00032255633,0.00023875061,0.00012288592,0.00002749926,0.00001108014],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99972147,0.000038813127,0.000021286696,2.8345562e-7,0.0001064016,0.000015739568,0.00002773115,0.000028690587,0.000039570477],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.998862,0.000014465185,0.0003284984,0.00019671647,0.0003159441,0.00028235128],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994164,0.0002844395,0.000010050027,0.00015709305,0.00007624238,0.000055789078],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00053289573,0.00012452883,0.00026189664,0.00048275787,0.000032493474,0.000044482287,0.00014583954,0.00019606808,0.0000131531],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018960788,0.00011354832,0.00011158222,0.0025866602,0.00004983514,0.000053623542,0.000038020386,0.0003818833,1.2394935e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000020280073,0.000009697,0.0007586837,0.00037790675,0.00009932843,9.609009e-7,0.000110800844,0.18575607,0.812282,0.000010433215,0.0000035506914,0.0005702876],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00021002044,0.000011017728,0.00043895323,0.00026568188,0.00008720042,0.0000010753032,0.00002239966,0.7099267,0.28892455,6.6199505e-7,0.000038856633,0.000072878734],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000038866943,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000026905166,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.52417064,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001493702,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000060198003,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.46303663},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400014082","doi":"10.1002/cjce.25372","title":"Unified closure relationship for slug liquid holdup","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Closure (psychology); Slug flow; Mechanics; Surface tension; Flow (mathematics); Dimensionless quantity; Viscosity; Two-phase flow; Inertial frame of reference; Gravitation; Momentum (technical analysis); Fictitious force; Thermodynamics; Physics; Classical mechanics","score_opus":0.010204674539147206,"score_gpt":0.19003313537592273,"score_spread":0.17982846083677553,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400014082","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9578418,0.006668553,0.03137478,0.0010716531,0.0021026928,0.00015248719,0.00003154221,0.0001336447,0.00062281557],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984017,0.0000047683848,0.0011396299,0.000019968384,0.0003289295,0.0000038157145,0.0000035151638,0.00004524324,0.00005240686],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.999392,0.0000032474886,0.00023009836,0.00005554868,0.00007897761,0.00024014851],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99943286,0.00018207448,0.000013667449,0.00009566603,0.0000450709,0.00023067184],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025040726,0.00010441405,0.00011985449,0.00014677912,0.000040541563,0.00008898821,0.00018248656,0.00008417984,0.000009764927],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013927896,0.0000853164,0.00011394046,0.00017483631,0.000018273784,0.00008895427,0.000004428295,0.00039650642,0.0000037546843],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014077688,0.0000022132526,0.00003740168,0.00038928175,0.00020168623,0.00008436502,0.0007287077,0.79151314,0.13838859,0.06312263,0.004749692,0.00076823455],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00025816838,0.00004579251,0.000055089073,0.00041932415,0.00008435767,0.0002469123,0.000013486088,0.94433385,0.023652146,0.0015374748,0.02905595,0.00029742572],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005099344,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007639125,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.15282075,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019907582,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015800711,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3479102},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400288724","doi":"10.1121/10.0027076","title":"Influence of the liquid ionic strength on the resonance frequency and estimated shell parameters of lipid-coated microbubbles","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Sunnybrook Health Science Centre; Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Microbubbles; Shell (structure); Materials science; Ionic liquid; Resonance (particle physics); Nuclear magnetic resonance; Ultrasound; Chemistry; Composite material; Acoustics; Physics; Atomic physics","score_opus":0.0077782825365199,"score_gpt":0.21437555209604797,"score_spread":0.20659726955952806,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400288724","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99191844,0.0026132995,0.0035680374,0.0015572543,0.00013947433,0.00011357548,0.000027434606,0.000014354152,0.000048111157],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9935721,0.002420514,0.0037507263,0.00019773479,0.000025470834,8.217256e-7,1.6596515e-7,0.000019055888,0.000013365222],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989161,0.00009282266,0.00045250647,0.00007461734,0.00028449617,0.00017944496],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983648,0.0010012086,0.0001980486,0.00030332812,0.00009771242,0.0000349075],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00046362792,0.00013890993,0.0002605714,0.000016491509,0.00009098932,0.000015184311,0.0005945613,0.00005973113,0.0000071720806],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00023648952,0.00005908142,0.0002439725,0.00036857006,0.00075063325,0.00005170876,0.000113184535,0.00051586947,6.073536e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000046253605,0.000031237476,0.00004635414,0.000153309,0.00019690568,4.95132e-7,0.0009482343,0.56291527,0.4325966,0.00008530374,0.0015478546,0.0014322026],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001618417,0.0002707609,0.0019533217,0.0013025042,0.00023196221,0.000027731927,0.00044218457,0.9634896,0.031395786,0.00048922317,0.00012587137,0.00010923948],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006169639,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":8.2529056e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.40120083,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000048971484,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006478175,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.27657393},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400646335","doi":"10.1016/j.euromechflu.2024.07.011","title":"Detailed 3D URANS analysis of two-phase flow in an airlift pump","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"European Journal of Mechanics - B/Fluids","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Manitoba","keywords":"Airlift; Mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Two-phase flow; Phase (matter); Environmental science; Marine engineering; Physics; Engineering; Chemistry","score_opus":0.012212754546051672,"score_gpt":0.24925441607780768,"score_spread":0.23704166153175601,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400646335","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.46688363,0.0017502916,0.5297851,0.000025098521,0.00075536116,0.000056642668,0.000035259483,0.00006470834,0.0006438934],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99177265,0.00038212448,0.007510119,0.000028315846,0.00016720007,5.86246e-7,0.000014213784,0.00009376775,0.000031035943],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9979645,0.00022704202,0.0010104261,0.00018460503,0.00032932515,0.00028407204],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99925804,0.000057504072,0.00008530143,0.00029525103,0.0001228577,0.00018107398],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0019769925,0.00022296933,0.0005433974,0.0011898341,0.000029104414,0.000096452146,0.00039925383,0.00003983419,0.00013622023],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000044968798,0.00020921513,0.00037242615,0.0011557598,0.000012100499,0.00030458567,0.000044618184,0.00045513958,0.000017569644],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000595035,0.00016634978,0.000116653304,0.000130205,0.0017756883,0.0019897562,0.0017363732,0.64273745,0.31585908,0.004856163,0.00016825882,0.030404547],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009951487,0.00028816686,0.00013324205,0.00018670085,0.0007382071,0.00004294261,0.0000708629,0.99496233,0.001690688,0.00016232413,0.000523588,0.00020578362],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000024372673,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005533876,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.524889,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009011847,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004215937,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.85315454},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4401433113","doi":"10.1002/cjce.25444","title":"Investigation of instability in the dynamic behaviour of a bubble","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Zigzag; Bubble; Deformation (meteorology); Rotational symmetry; Instability; Vortex; Mechanics; Asymmetry; Physics; Geometry; Mathematics; Meteorology","score_opus":0.006710954583711755,"score_gpt":0.1799055321513678,"score_spread":0.17319457756765602,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4401433113","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9978075,0.0011704961,0.00057116366,0.0001598918,0.00017231467,0.000047383957,0.000007871401,0.000007510141,0.000055851437],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997085,0.000005334659,0.00023841414,0.0000062940885,0.000024196575,0.0000013602444,0.0000012452041,0.0000133365165,0.0000013228852],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993951,0.00000926529,0.00031456762,0.000039257415,0.00010952859,0.0001323332],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99966973,0.00008930334,0.000025414829,0.0001058475,0.00003399591,0.00007567985],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00045416926,0.00007086762,0.00013034188,0.00013914042,0.000008678317,0.00001878113,0.00021549466,0.000047086654,0.0000050012045],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000065035565,0.00004905851,0.00006359786,0.00027488652,0.00004595831,0.000066736306,0.0000055136675,0.00032746457,2.6045223e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000035254247,0.0000043325736,0.0018340936,0.0005453086,0.00006139816,0.000042645974,0.0049577598,0.31808442,0.66957337,0.003776934,0.00008738185,0.0010288546],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00017356974,0.000025547406,0.004642161,0.0006153548,0.000047177953,0.00011348491,0.00009912345,0.9279578,0.06498566,0.0010956277,0.00010105462,0.00014348645],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007620105,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008014004,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6098733,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015972265,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001518492,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2000548},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4401593498","doi":"10.1002/cjce.25458","title":"Coalescence investigations in a small‐scale continuously operated setup for bubble column design","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Coalescence (physics); Bubble; Column (typography); Mechanics; Scale (ratio); Environmental science; Physics; Engineering; Mechanical engineering; Astronomy","score_opus":0.012519887490587847,"score_gpt":0.18129511823483052,"score_spread":0.16877523074424267,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4401593498","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.88065135,0.0028078915,0.11473418,0.00057698315,0.0007239388,0.00030638973,0.000025796657,0.00008173763,0.00009172374],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9931412,0.000006493297,0.006627856,0.000034045035,0.000106538566,0.000013759731,0.0000029724617,0.000038716837,0.00002846476],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99930984,0.000007171704,0.00027437802,0.0000713125,0.00005425977,0.0002830219],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994583,0.00014157336,0.000013875673,0.00007840013,0.00005582515,0.00025203146],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032132084,0.000110187895,0.00015921185,0.00015711722,0.00003305813,0.00013441927,0.000201982,0.000070990136,0.000005947912],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000118885,0.00009889932,0.000056988345,0.0002763822,0.000028359154,0.000084825595,0.000005514202,0.00033647488,0.0000020588739],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000025810793,0.0000019294037,0.000038596078,0.00010492994,0.00003519819,0.00004593002,0.00045227836,0.66974336,0.3271019,0.0011420909,0.0010760616,0.00025516414],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00017605495,0.000013912687,0.00001626097,0.00038069786,0.000017882412,0.000088320565,0.00001633933,0.963702,0.03416638,0.00023199829,0.0010605037,0.00012963635],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005818943,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0019844065,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.29395866,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003667931,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00033483224,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.40329972},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4401667942","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2024.102671","title":"Using machine vision algorithms for characterizing gas-liquid slug flows in vertical pipes","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Ontario Agri-Food Innovation Alliance; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs","keywords":"Slug; Slug flow; Computer science; Mechanics; Geology; Flow (mathematics); Two-phase flow; Physics","score_opus":0.037880207140966446,"score_gpt":0.2696345241285492,"score_spread":0.23175431698758275,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4401667942","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9198277,0.0010691615,0.07714266,0.00015378627,0.0012930444,0.00032027555,0.00001500525,0.00010160908,0.000076731696],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.990724,0.00021119798,0.0087536285,0.000044330853,0.0001505587,0.000032503536,0.000048464794,0.00003156918,0.0000037296804],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991957,0.0000124836515,0.00023241533,0.00017367402,0.00019545203,0.0001902712],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998565,0.000011640962,0.0000071939885,0.000056259836,0.000025514977,0.000042908974],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00031620506,0.00012846249,0.00011708865,0.00014069736,0.000056430526,0.000111239686,0.00003372938,0.000048661906,0.000014279189],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000010238108,0.00012803588,0.000035446596,0.00010494368,0.000008388282,0.000432479,0.000013316719,0.00008289835,0.0000032410037],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000042779626,0.000016360314,0.000088373854,0.00027092051,0.000030467763,0.000003400451,0.000409254,0.001293627,0.944827,0.00025717067,0.000080637044,0.052680004],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00045083775,0.00008185272,0.00019542984,0.00024140578,0.000022135233,0.0000040790496,0.000028122962,0.9576675,0.03967763,0.00006482012,0.0014269946,0.00013918329],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000021575972,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005538767,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9563739,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020899596,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001468146,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5221152},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4401843570","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.4c01758","title":"Critical Review of Gas–Liquid Mixing Using Gas-Inducing Impellers: Modeling, CFD Simulation, and ANN Applications","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Impeller; Computational fluid dynamics; Context (archaeology); Mixing (physics); Computer science; Mechanical engineering; Process engineering; Mechanics; Engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.11554375674213067,"score_gpt":0.37861433752871565,"score_spread":0.26307058078658496,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4401843570","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7789859,0.115109146,0.100386254,0.0004170273,0.0007277008,0.0013718487,0.00013072822,0.0010666841,0.0018047021],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99622977,0.0023357724,0.00044481843,0.0000037085772,0.0008013997,0.000050095216,0.000023493345,0.00009119989,0.00001972296],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981142,0.000023535827,0.0005234454,0.00036757853,0.00043573073,0.0005354806],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99871635,0.0004890495,0.000015028808,0.00033389323,0.00024631104,0.00019934344],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010997255,0.00022349245,0.00031043714,0.00017228708,0.00009892061,0.00012606948,0.0002098215,0.00026277348,0.000052970463],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007442438,0.00025581018,0.000084242674,0.0007387469,0.000064213855,0.00019462804,0.00012112133,0.0010329165,0.0000039788843],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000039293864,0.000007568306,0.0000019071067,0.006715866,0.000037138132,0.000008274087,0.00004919964,0.6167247,0.37483877,0.0001117411,0.00008274051,0.001418133],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00011883045,0.000013520651,9.828582e-8,0.0071345926,0.000030146753,0.000020015304,0.00003336909,0.9555907,0.035141565,0.000039710103,0.0016655795,0.00021182328],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000027914375,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.0152265e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3396972,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022510727,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013886903,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999894},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402454951","doi":"10.11159/htff24.199","title":"Observation of Two-Dimensional Bubble Motions near Various Boundaries","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the World Congress on Mechanical, Chemical, and Material Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Computer science; Physics; Mechanics","score_opus":0.006379992392228798,"score_gpt":0.19723421340081515,"score_spread":0.19085422100858634,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4402454951","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9972451,0.000056010136,0.000021253123,0.00010067008,0.0020239975,0.00013666377,0.00003564468,0.00022222637,0.00015844837],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9961152,0.000018578869,0.0035364896,0.000013388705,0.00011179218,0.000018988449,0.0000054657457,0.000045423756,0.0001346496],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999126,0.0000015409029,0.00031338455,0.00018591539,0.00017706615,0.00019605043],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997053,0.000038498296,0.000039046507,0.00008983917,0.00007086765,0.00005643126],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012664411,0.00018096542,0.00024298303,0.000083200066,0.00007151106,0.00023098144,0.00017483428,0.000066652916,0.000020320125],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000045068435,0.00015155347,0.00007237194,0.00023611166,0.000080858656,0.00014437606,0.000110670044,0.00017012308,0.0000010959888],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010413194,0.000012662217,0.000002313521,0.00057872565,0.00004794918,4.2897236e-7,0.000012097077,0.007968582,0.9297745,0.061026566,0.0004230375,0.0001426818],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00013609264,0.000014675977,0.0000056701183,0.00047026254,0.00003357374,0.0000045947304,0.0000034066309,0.29581887,0.7010924,0.001040044,0.0012592721,0.000121113066],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000012663198,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000014713195,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2878503,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000039867664,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000018864377,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6180171},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402813206","doi":"10.1016/j.dche.2024.100188","title":"A hybrid BOA-SVR approach for predicting aerobic organic and nitrogen removal in a gas-liquid-solid circulating fluidized bed bioreactor","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Digital Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Bioreactor; Nitrogen; Fluidized bed; Fluidized bed combustion; Nitrogen gas; Materials science; Process engineering; Waste management; Chemistry; Environmental science; Engineering; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.005313327018845652,"score_gpt":0.18410378715724618,"score_spread":0.17879046013840053,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4402813206","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9521765,0.0013668854,0.044798657,0.000007932149,0.0001567925,0.00032274585,0.00005619511,0.00090450834,0.00020975046],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9932356,0.0000169584,0.0061591216,0.000005878572,0.00019948246,0.00007515333,0.0001390491,0.0001658745,0.0000028662755],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99846774,0.0000026962578,0.00042359525,0.00041011756,0.00014206191,0.0005538144],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994993,0.00014824276,0.000017027292,0.00015923653,0.000022074937,0.00015409112],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013220446,0.00032641136,0.00035114685,0.0001875708,0.000024947009,0.00027444874,0.0001335107,0.00012066015,0.0000023117184],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021412631,0.0003609318,0.00012113365,0.00027926307,0.000019652787,0.00037197952,0.00008728927,0.0003140092,0.0000020612779],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014533845,0.000014991646,0.000034931192,0.00073394045,0.000076437485,0.0000491474,0.0001635183,0.005874913,0.9913814,0.000204235,0.000013116418,0.0014388141],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00037415625,0.000018665798,0.0000011822852,0.00022226298,0.00001882977,0.00020723596,0.00001979916,0.82862353,0.17001161,0.00007662915,0.00009391097,0.00033221624],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000031150155,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.7020527e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8227486,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001981235,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000023189332,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99988425},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402937537","doi":"10.1007/s12649-024-02741-8","title":"Dynamic Modeling of the Acidogenesis Step in Hyperthermophilic Conditions","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Waste and Biomass Valorization","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"École de Technologie Supérieure","funders":"","keywords":"Acidogenesis; Biochemical engineering; Environmental science; Natural resource economics; Economics; Ecology; Biology; Engineering","score_opus":0.007402131287454912,"score_gpt":0.19920629283111255,"score_spread":0.19180416154365765,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4402937537","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9723697,0.00103353,0.025862778,0.00004160377,0.00031021115,0.0000825345,0.00002038576,0.000051294406,0.00022800209],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99964136,0.0001760866,0.0000986294,0.0000039802385,0.000015735313,0.000006033081,0.000018184623,0.00001491117,0.000025073863],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99965423,0.000008332952,0.00012594805,0.000081084356,0.000055892353,0.00007452206],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998847,0.000010981833,0.000006677735,0.0000739772,0.000011440303,0.000012204749],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000046929632,0.000060256476,0.000061934545,0.00009356358,0.000026069727,0.00001946099,0.000041691957,0.000040072944,0.0000025812863],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000034290604,0.000046146142,0.000026254414,0.00028804524,0.00001217834,0.00007030986,0.000015071896,0.000033507466,0.0000011278986],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000014981979,0.000007742338,0.0004927598,0.00026338617,0.000026560678,0.0000017640905,0.0002738366,0.22923793,0.76299524,0.0027830931,0.0000081235075,0.0039080475],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006435078,0.000004485198,0.0005281203,0.00008990725,0.000012055715,0.0000023828745,0.00006633114,0.9969615,0.0018393054,0.00035520713,0.000021179643,0.000055212728],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000020200865,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006487208,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7677235,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002381008,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009206097,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.18817851},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402973848","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4972162","title":"Predictive Model for Bubble Size Distribution in a Vertical Pipe","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Distribution (mathematics); Mechanics; Geology; Mathematics; Physics; Mathematical analysis","score_opus":0.005323967139176007,"score_gpt":0.21848183083614628,"score_spread":0.21315786369697026,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4402973848","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.18393876,0.0057524503,0.8086137,0.00017449356,0.0007218231,0.00031570825,0.00013165377,0.00012820748,0.00022321225],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9958953,0.0030872254,0.0002603262,0.000007746557,0.00028662747,0.00007906217,0.000062098974,0.0000704899,0.00025112624],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99748313,0.000015226315,0.00035968164,0.00025173312,0.00016677454,0.0017234277],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996516,0.000048867238,0.00002297921,0.0001467348,0.000055483484,0.0000742981],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007676832,0.00024704245,0.0002774279,0.00006714405,0.000048342707,0.00009274893,0.00021295993,0.00028704316,0.000002176659],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008552959,0.00025000868,0.00019984896,0.00009231777,0.000013672131,0.00005137936,0.00014996393,0.004565524,0.000005631749],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006863709,0.000032458403,0.000021594453,0.00020203191,0.00026595514,0.0000055349988,0.00020419438,0.89745826,0.0009683593,0.098504804,0.00024157982,0.0020266164],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00022135049,0.000039190774,0.000016330707,0.00012234919,0.000050403225,0.000028523204,0.000039656672,0.5932064,0.00003235351,0.40607175,0.00003280618,0.00013889084],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000016584008,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00042835486,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8119565,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0038655715,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0016076079,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99999523},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4403033097","doi":"10.11159/jffhmt.2024.033","title":"Hydrodynamic Effects of Static Liquid Height in the Thermolysis Reactor for Cu-Cl Cycle Hydrogen Production","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Fluid Flow Heat and Mass Transfer","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Hydrogen production; Thermal decomposition; Hydrogen; Production (economics); Decomposition; Materials science; Thermal; Nuclear engineering; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Thermodynamics; Physics; Organic chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.0039022874953270506,"score_gpt":0.19575361250726367,"score_spread":0.1918513250119366,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4403033097","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9650907,0.0071290517,0.026501313,0.0003368611,0.0005614753,0.0002946255,0.000010198733,0.000019916919,0.00005585975],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978283,0.0016341509,0.0002978301,0.000017759383,0.00015463828,0.0000163357,0.0000034680925,0.000033718483,0.000013776431],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99912924,0.00003760279,0.00038114007,0.000110966605,0.00016427705,0.0001767705],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999655,0.00015253316,0.000008091673,0.00010769535,0.000034339657,0.000042350686],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00041108296,0.00014055619,0.00026715462,0.00018573491,0.000026047157,0.000028446371,0.00009799856,0.000063716674,0.0000044239273],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000016905082,0.00009423245,0.00015735078,0.0001758824,0.000023191187,0.00018496547,0.000002873852,0.00018790319,5.460407e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009456762,0.000038223185,0.000012075299,0.0011639855,0.00017133192,0.000032325213,0.0022542845,0.018763606,0.9740181,0.00016287647,0.00007400544,0.0032146282],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00072163646,0.00051934505,0.00013170997,0.00063249806,0.00027949826,0.00009750185,0.0000983605,0.875486,0.120631635,0.0006256143,0.00059100136,0.00018521056],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005782466,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000015081731,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8567224,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004577326,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000024460687,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.38426876},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4403069433","doi":"10.1063/5.0231678","title":"Immiscible non-Newtonian displacement flows in stationary and axially rotating pipes","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physics of Fluids","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs; China Scholarship Council; Canada Foundation for Innovation","keywords":"Physics; Axial symmetry; Mechanics; Displacement (psychology); Newtonian fluid; Classical mechanics; Non-Newtonian fluid","score_opus":0.0050421083158843855,"score_gpt":0.2174133967042721,"score_spread":0.2123712883883877,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4403069433","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.916737,0.0011794632,0.07966394,0.000046243316,0.00023804356,0.00012552673,0.00002574871,0.00006813666,0.0019158517],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9914366,0.00013512417,0.008237836,0.000006405487,0.000069752285,0.000015423815,0.00001753683,0.00002647797,0.00005483389],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994565,0.0000049503606,0.00017339185,0.00012376287,0.000101477526,0.00013987818],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998215,0.000044118162,0.000007001877,0.00008384078,0.000014472663,0.000029095148],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000091319525,0.00009677362,0.000115682924,0.00005953316,0.000020452286,0.00003518456,0.000053044707,0.000021950844,0.0000059336203],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000038057715,0.0001018914,0.000027446764,0.00015338711,0.000014140558,0.00015796287,0.000029995179,0.00008305821,0.0000049703767],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008534522,0.000043023625,0.0015045652,0.0011951149,0.00007765668,0.000015910904,0.00434406,0.2126484,0.69999003,0.017000852,0.00029986238,0.06287199],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001403347,0.000022626016,0.001343065,0.0001851044,0.000007547327,6.285332e-7,0.000059611597,0.9925954,0.0028537435,0.0025001406,0.00018188056,0.000109961715],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000049776187,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002667389,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7799469,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000029539638,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000022439934,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.41550106},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4403329847","doi":"10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2024.111334","title":"Characterizing the development of gravity-driven slug flows using high-speed imaging and PIV-PLIF techniques","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Ontario Agri-Food Innovation Alliance; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs","keywords":"Slug; Mechanics; Materials science; Geology; Physics","score_opus":0.010904184293080803,"score_gpt":0.2442933823703994,"score_spread":0.23338919807731862,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4403329847","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.995123,0.0025980845,0.0013263082,0.000022820937,0.0002523667,0.000116751384,0.0000033708575,0.0001102859,0.00044695937],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9916909,0.00003050372,0.00818082,0.00002250482,0.00004417401,0.0000057731504,0.0000011056319,0.000015853428,0.000008408473],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99922544,0.000008064038,0.00017830788,0.00020730721,0.00016362597,0.00021723319],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998037,0.000014862229,0.0000137092065,0.00009837134,0.000013494609,0.00005581461],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002635381,0.00012853519,0.00010989465,0.00008994546,0.00027102034,0.0001652299,0.00015333755,0.000018587856,0.0000075704047],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000022445236,0.00009387442,0.000018757562,0.0001821608,0.0002515447,0.00033756296,0.00016968179,0.0000815462,0.0000012030346],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000019498377,0.0000057437946,0.0000727898,0.000021368995,0.0000056404833,0.0000026653531,0.0036617322,0.00005511387,0.9873223,0.00082981994,0.0000011571109,0.008019764],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000038812243,0.00000869339,0.00087537506,0.00008892135,0.0000028360716,0.00001509149,0.00039123232,0.2857914,0.7125047,0.000016833726,0.00015330756,0.00011278058],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000019233814,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":9.931815e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2857363,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006074888,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003156713,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.38280877},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4403978185","doi":"10.1016/j.cep.2024.110049","title":"Comprehensive investigation of gas hold-up in a double coaxial mixer with shear-thinning fluids exhibiting yield stress: Experimental, numerical, and artificial neural network approaches","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering and Processing - Process Intensification","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Artificial neural network; Shear thinning; Yield (engineering); Thinning; Coaxial; Shear stress; Materials science; Structural engineering; Engineering; Computer science; Mechanical engineering; Composite material; Artificial intelligence; Rheology","score_opus":0.03786958668512972,"score_gpt":0.23404392544652072,"score_spread":0.196174338761391,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4403978185","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9793406,0.0057679256,0.0142554995,0.000061710176,0.000117856755,0.00015993953,0.0000024985547,0.0002668341,0.00002710136],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9971031,0.000027904645,0.0025724464,0.000013027102,0.00012893007,0.000058561785,0.00003552681,0.000057644884,0.0000028674924],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988356,0.000006295581,0.00037227414,0.00035655484,0.00015286896,0.0002763786],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996199,0.00007602269,0.000042421307,0.000092143004,0.00008387272,0.000085652486],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011034797,0.00024335041,0.00027405468,0.00012307122,0.000057452115,0.00016774567,0.00007085288,0.00012918639,0.0000012269571],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000029427943,0.00023391997,0.000022505215,0.0004307659,0.000107017586,0.00030305216,0.000028595327,0.00035415802,2.6534352e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007952277,0.00001779572,0.00046448738,0.003374381,0.000029675539,0.000004738785,0.005434112,0.2831494,0.7000506,0.00039305197,0.000017010741,0.0069852625],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00015920587,0.00002593727,0.00009821343,0.0013428181,0.000016940714,0.00002522012,0.00066180853,0.79942673,0.19795801,0.00006172273,0.0000066142816,0.0002167793],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000015885256,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.544227e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5162774,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004341927,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000027997743,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.95389795},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404086717","doi":"10.1002/bit.28874","title":"Oxygen Consumption in Filamentous Pellets of <i>Aspergillus niger</i>: Microelectrode Measurements and Modeling","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biotechnology and Bioengineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Technische Universität München; Technische Universität Braunschweig; University of Waterloo; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","keywords":"Pellet; Pellets; Oxygen; Aspergillus niger; Hypha; Limiting oxygen concentration; Biomass (ecology); Chemistry; Food science; Botany; Biology; Materials science; Agronomy; Composite material; Ecology","score_opus":0.015276900408530714,"score_gpt":0.2081976719293703,"score_spread":0.19292077152083958,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4404086717","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94858944,0.023456797,0.027333476,0.000060728882,0.00015270345,0.00008657345,0.000005542833,0.00028339803,0.000031363652],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9944614,0.004010756,0.0014758592,0.00000448703,0.000011198815,0.000005241013,0.0000034633117,0.000020983278,0.000006602583],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99938893,0.000003673476,0.00017978558,0.00017248892,0.00004915488,0.00020599016],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998674,0.000010295876,0.000006767877,0.0000846172,0.000006311143,0.000024637191],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000108853805,0.00012920216,0.00014972665,0.0003116658,0.000018133323,0.000017002792,0.000052263124,0.00019917045,0.0000022759295],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000055530186,0.00013439692,0.000018119083,0.0001448522,0.00003395474,0.0000529612,0.000035277844,0.0001880919,0.0000015236735],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000030089427,0.000004595639,0.00022452179,0.00032101473,0.000046061818,0.000009546151,0.000089567024,0.039333023,0.95375276,0.00047163913,0.0000071274058,0.005737165],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00015303666,0.000023935936,0.00016416532,0.00018552877,0.000013401899,0.000035367142,0.000018281775,0.92784464,0.07116386,0.000069052374,0.00018572414,0.00014300706],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000013065505,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000020523335,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8885116,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000037360187,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004520306,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.54805475},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404119055","doi":"10.1002/cjce.25538","title":"Numerical investigation of hydrodynamic performance and power consumption in stirred reactors with perforated Scaba <scp>6SRGT</scp> impellers for non‐Newtonian fluid","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Impeller; Non-Newtonian fluid; Power consumption; Mechanics; Newtonian fluid; Power (physics); Physics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.004602246016892146,"score_gpt":0.16709068466135898,"score_spread":0.16248843864446683,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4404119055","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9971605,0.0004901874,0.0019458887,0.000056923975,0.00017947804,0.00011392145,0.000008598873,0.000020014337,0.000024511353],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991688,0.000024944999,0.00070738303,0.0000062916565,0.000034293913,0.0000040785803,0.0000062380614,0.00004003,0.000007922424],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992489,0.0000048402662,0.0002987274,0.000090301146,0.00010236718,0.0002548696],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994938,0.0001232548,0.000036670026,0.00007832161,0.0000446618,0.00022329208],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022138424,0.00014382256,0.00019972368,0.00025275885,0.000024661766,0.000048248803,0.00010851226,0.0000816881,0.000002188942],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000056926987,0.00011541907,0.000041044175,0.00024402936,0.00006126468,0.00016533247,0.000004852597,0.00031595002,5.925397e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009204899,0.0000021859457,0.0027649892,0.0004937567,0.00008906629,0.00001749818,0.0014806602,0.562285,0.43233255,0.00006409883,0.0001326509,0.00032833518],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00025991158,0.00005112311,0.0021032295,0.0005292338,0.000023840399,0.000088310444,0.000022596432,0.9725088,0.024250321,0.000013254244,0.00007753678,0.000071848706],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00014447409,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00010428042,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.41022378,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002402604,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001567106,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4706653},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404263965","doi":"10.1088/1742-6596/2834/1/012008","title":"Research on The Accumulation Law and Treatment Measures of Low-pressure Wet Gas Pipeline Network in A Certain Gas Field","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Physics Conference Series","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Petro-Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Pipeline (software); Natural gas field; Petroleum engineering; Field (mathematics); Gas pipeline; Environmental science; Natural gas; Engineering; Mathematics; Waste management; Mechanical engineering","score_opus":0.08078184572660779,"score_gpt":0.31643621031289504,"score_spread":0.23565436458628725,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4404263965","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9711585,0.0035656865,0.013148851,0.0030427342,0.0005716433,0.00031393094,0.00001914655,0.000036647198,0.008142861],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99870664,0.000908393,0.00008958813,0.00001659987,0.00021565851,0.0000029600126,0.0000011400765,0.0000104391365,0.00004857246],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993359,0.000059702583,0.00020828369,0.00006455559,0.00019531565,0.00013628053],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994136,0.0003101598,0.000030629704,0.00009645045,0.00012251685,0.000026654341],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003828982,0.00008625036,0.00016174106,0.000050697818,0.000041192085,0.00008643477,0.000085479405,0.000039600433,0.000010955065],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000023315992,0.000056665827,0.000041506468,0.00015631913,0.00004612995,0.00016476699,0.000018565477,0.00026305256,6.9115475e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016213255,0.000049814982,0.00023530205,0.00019928708,0.00015496124,0.000028376475,0.002889127,0.29285106,0.0126818735,0.62194204,0.000937852,0.06786817],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000619744,0.0011296391,0.00071354007,0.0028754584,0.00007655022,0.000020028041,0.0018110776,0.75390357,0.08934476,0.14283358,0.0063909153,0.00028116754],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000075804666,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00036033403,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.47910845,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000031327076,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004952194,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.23107654},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404294162","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.5018609","title":"Robust to Outlier Image Inpainting for Interface Detection in Primary Separation Vessel","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Inpainting; Outlier; Artificial intelligence; Image (mathematics); Computer vision; Separation (statistics); Pattern recognition (psychology); Computer science; Anomaly detection; Interface (matter); Machine learning","score_opus":0.007205245837253855,"score_gpt":0.23993784104374785,"score_spread":0.232732595206494,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4404294162","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.3168191,0.0025403707,0.6780515,0.00012898541,0.0013745774,0.0004072143,0.000007281678,0.00013174409,0.0005392697],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99499846,0.00096340565,0.002795151,0.00002324627,0.00053012226,0.000086019514,0.000017359116,0.00012717313,0.00045909183],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99763876,0.000029426035,0.00047477195,0.00030874353,0.00014666836,0.0014016442],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99960035,0.00003356256,0.00006829616,0.00016551914,0.00007125814,0.00006104085],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0015823963,0.00028072525,0.00028969598,0.00044339403,0.00006704828,0.00024612865,0.00022301749,0.00022703355,0.0000025301415],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004999417,0.0003079726,0.00015190367,0.00017568536,0.000007896519,0.00010961717,0.0001978106,0.0039552227,0.000020791114],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000049013765,0.000020422654,0.00001524311,0.0005469676,0.00021372271,0.000004229799,0.0007078153,0.8812643,0.059401643,0.0018308149,0.00020100648,0.0557448],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004175779,0.00014085262,0.00009012174,0.00060032523,0.00007643525,0.0001086256,0.00040486996,0.91842765,0.002914188,0.07552628,0.0007195587,0.0005735132],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003111446,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013231857,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6781793,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0042485422,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00053376175,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99993724},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404704250","doi":"10.1002/cjce.25556","title":"Development of a deep neural network and empirical model for predicting local gas holdup profiles in bubble columns","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Artificial neural network; Range (aeronautics); Quadratic equation; Computer science; Current (fluid); Empirical modelling; Moment (physics); Quadratic function; Experimental data; Quadratic model; Algorithm; Artificial intelligence; Machine learning; Mathematics; Engineering; Simulation; Statistics","score_opus":0.010878882144490981,"score_gpt":0.19946842075174243,"score_spread":0.18858953860725144,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4404704250","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8706324,0.00177973,0.12718336,0.00008317184,0.00018391918,0.00009371134,0.0000047739245,0.000019623056,0.000019273599],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98706335,0.0000031510651,0.012765322,0.000010229716,0.000115278934,0.0000077417235,0.0000013864001,0.000030769323,0.0000027890355],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991811,0.0000030289107,0.0003547387,0.00007088867,0.00008625538,0.0003039872],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996166,0.00008722341,0.000020544747,0.000052141088,0.000029669292,0.00019382132],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00028549123,0.00010752648,0.00018203835,0.00010396326,0.000029635989,0.000041377854,0.0001183982,0.000067475405,0.0000015709821],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000040629333,0.000093011164,0.000047681828,0.00014804456,0.000029895718,0.00006625565,0.000013454576,0.00029767954,1.08103684e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003746851,0.0000012996694,0.00011245114,0.00016827552,0.000031431267,0.00001133689,0.0011239595,0.9862091,0.008674775,0.0001964969,0.00006186539,0.00340526],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00013286794,0.000007924996,0.000049004306,0.00023124111,0.000013980727,0.00005214527,0.00002269733,0.9971351,0.0020122037,0.00011704791,0.00013267715,0.00009310281],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004410265,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008259125,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.11643089,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020457567,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00019085332,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.37928852},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4405280751","doi":"10.1063/5.0243971","title":"Draining of a water tank under inadequate ventilation conditions","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physics of Fluids","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities; Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Physics; Ventilation (architecture); Mechanics; Meteorology","score_opus":0.012384947053509749,"score_gpt":0.2365788716724025,"score_spread":0.22419392461889273,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4405280751","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.73103243,0.00031808583,0.26497465,0.000034321685,0.0003819335,0.00006319952,0.000037133697,0.0001231605,0.0030350662],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994387,0.000016633154,0.00035309032,0.0000047775243,0.000059899598,0.000004651738,0.000052575124,0.000022297902,0.000047377667],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99959064,0.0000041778403,0.00015094517,0.00006810786,0.000081390324,0.000104768405],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998329,0.000022300977,0.0000067265623,0.000094168245,0.000027307131,0.000016590571],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000056517973,0.00006600547,0.0000998352,0.000049265513,0.000016486709,0.000013189972,0.000046797828,0.000026023197,0.000023315126],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000017143702,0.00006038047,0.00006068744,0.00009976937,0.000025135394,0.00012447279,0.000016301825,0.000061737475,0.000015728881],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000010786765,0.000008753454,0.0000085299025,0.00018251977,0.000056834655,9.4740915e-7,0.0008381296,0.070070535,0.8551161,0.07220858,0.00009872342,0.0014092325],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009042167,0.000019107101,0.00017552565,0.00014651411,0.000033864857,8.081222e-7,0.00004459932,0.74231815,0.2287267,0.028052842,0.0002915696,0.0000998869],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000074507498,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":9.51285e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.67224765,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000021082624,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009025077,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2462244},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4405312088","doi":"10.3811/jjmf.2024.012","title":"A Simplified Model for Predicting Changes to Ultrafine Bubble Size Distributions under Flowing Conditions","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"JAPANESE JOURNAL OF MULTIPHASE FLOW","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Mechanics; Materials science; Environmental science; Petroleum engineering; Engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.01670616429788222,"score_gpt":0.2715519083790671,"score_spread":0.2548457440811849,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4405312088","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5225336,0.00010782728,0.47578725,0.0006282161,0.00038421605,0.00016311058,0.00024702094,0.00011805256,0.000030687585],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9774565,0.000015856112,0.021894163,0.00009420514,0.0003286148,0.000041417938,0.00003131462,0.000042852364,0.00009503733],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99898195,0.000010504131,0.000382784,0.0001352732,0.00017226685,0.0003172462],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990099,0.00047096694,0.00002316515,0.000120243225,0.00015672998,0.00021895778],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00031798508,0.00016526009,0.00022884621,0.00017446703,0.00015767844,0.000103517916,0.0001311704,0.000061999024,0.000021134723],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00028904068,0.0001481272,0.00016593319,0.00025871914,0.000015678504,0.00024985182,0.000017300006,0.00020129124,0.0000057751495],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018054294,0.00002817704,0.0000073576925,0.000054014483,0.00007849856,0.000012932555,0.001068076,0.7018552,0.29574502,0.00016478151,0.00046594092,0.000501937],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007821188,0.0000652473,0.000057097062,0.00019708188,0.00007069591,0.000110043366,0.0003768072,0.9935744,0.0039813165,0.00027830992,0.00034428897,0.00016258375],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005312626,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005298475,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4549229,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014777221,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000041937812,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6040452},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4405990343","doi":"10.1080/01932691.2024.2444984","title":"Analysis of water-air multiphase flow through a pipeline with two leaks using numerical and experimental methods","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"Qatar National Research Fund","keywords":"Multiphase flow; Petroleum engineering; Environmental science; Flow (mathematics); Pipeline (software); Mechanics; Materials science; Geology; Engineering; Mechanical engineering","score_opus":0.010009145857760674,"score_gpt":0.3273856240495966,"score_spread":0.3173764781918359,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4405990343","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6939621,0.0006391332,0.30515954,0.00011695386,0.000046365763,0.000021482838,6.9102595e-7,0.000009507972,0.00004422669],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.87519485,0.000050886527,0.12472395,0.000018977827,0.0000040196587,3.353562e-7,1.6354947e-7,0.0000029926655,0.00000380351],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993714,0.000009742416,0.00022227004,0.00011597056,0.0001382957,0.00014229487],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996694,0.000022052142,0.00004702308,0.0000938476,0.0001319725,0.000035725898],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003626766,0.0000759883,0.00026879535,0.00085572863,0.000082993654,0.000015424608,0.00012950605,0.000044212116,0.0000039381875],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000033318865,0.000047842084,0.00003304128,0.0014354839,0.0003615715,0.00019452487,0.00007942878,0.00011897588,4.644152e-8],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001982916,0.00003625094,0.0016112161,0.000008647302,0.0000955586,0.0000087805365,0.00031086063,0.032897998,0.95119274,0.0002929504,0.0000037600191,0.013521413],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00039217982,0.000075610136,0.000048484126,0.000027680117,0.000121940975,0.000040305917,0.00093646307,0.7385664,0.25961372,0.000056066165,0.00007325301,0.00004789149],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000123393565,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000024495253,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7056684,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000046372515,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000031047,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.19509436},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406380854","doi":"10.1002/cjce.25588","title":"Assessment of two‐phase slug frequency correlations in horizontal pipes under different operational conditions","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Slug; Phase (matter); Environmental science; Slug flow; Geology; Two-phase flow; Mechanics; Physics; Flow (mathematics)","score_opus":0.005790907295172129,"score_gpt":0.23776922427281144,"score_spread":0.23197831697763932,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4406380854","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9632373,0.00027608877,0.03506931,0.00022652536,0.00040422156,0.0000655395,0.00003301197,0.000009497136,0.0006785362],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991396,0.000003695331,0.00074934255,0.000020116353,0.000049942853,0.0000044644635,0.00001283151,0.000010867458,0.000009105108],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99935246,0.000007236162,0.00033946303,0.000047618985,0.000093769166,0.0001594777],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99962807,0.00008759212,0.000028653612,0.000081464364,0.000055778113,0.00011844882],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008619607,0.00009451944,0.00016193121,0.00023282913,0.000036699224,0.00002706234,0.00014398994,0.000045166697,0.000036465848],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003434942,0.00008096832,0.00006265546,0.00017676777,0.00003138125,0.000076283075,0.000006984433,0.0003353421,3.0791549e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[6.477027e-7,0.000014104122,0.0008103396,0.000019636063,0.000057024583,0.000007797231,0.00006329562,0.65323883,0.2436881,0.10196047,0.00007734969,0.00006237534],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011230865,0.000023021048,0.009467847,0.0002676614,0.000044033204,0.00003236511,0.000027615804,0.97566426,0.010621774,0.0025337806,0.00004194838,0.00015258683],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004007569,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012198826,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.32242543,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00041702442,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00028300827,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3301792},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406386333","doi":"10.1016/0967-0653(94)92850-9","title":"10.1016/0967-0653(94)92850-9","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Time to knit","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Surface tension; Salinity; Tension (geology); Seawater; Environmental science; Materials science; Oceanography; Geology; Composite material; Thermodynamics; Physics","score_opus":0.0030176193813460776,"score_gpt":0.14159792200296611,"score_spread":0.13858030262162005,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4406386333","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00102255,0.0001308587,0.000027028063,0.000030604602,0.0000041068124,0.00008717289,0.00001202641,0.0003668114,0.99831885],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00064621225,7.6257027e-7,0.00027490116,0.000014597617,0.000105150386,0.000010396493,0.000014711835,0.000044039218,0.9988892],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.999397,0.0000063590787,0.00012587546,0.0001265625,0.00009150686,0.0002527229],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99965197,0.000016301914,0.000005008155,0.00020734612,0.00001309269,0.000106297535],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.000061701554,0.00012179932,0.000118629,0.00005366964,0.000037238115,0.000034811463,0.00013797078,0.000052988908,0.98990273],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000065564705,0.00013098646,0.000043835942,0.00013107064,0.000008744067,0.000065300854,0.000017885774,0.00009289126,0.9940639],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000851765,0.000012434994,4.0293152e-8,0.000013813505,0.000022046046,0.000008006631,0.000025968537,0.028446857,0.0003808522,0.000006885933,0.19461173,0.77646285],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00010105612,0.000023322043,0.000007713104,0.000013574951,0.000006798206,0.0000047130966,3.5008404e-7,0.07135972,0.000075409895,0.0000068837003,0.9282373,0.00016317295],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000109209695,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.5235846e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.77629966,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000039975785,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000060489438,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.53414726},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406444990","doi":"10.1016/s0967-0653(97)87707-1","title":"10.1016/s0967-0653(97)87707-1","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Time to knit","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Air bubble; Mechanics; Environmental science; Acoustics; Meteorology; Physics; Aeronautics; Marine engineering; Engineering","score_opus":0.003750062848052725,"score_gpt":0.14583564220968503,"score_spread":0.1420855793616323,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4406444990","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00033495363,0.00014028198,0.0000259984,0.00003109252,0.0000036739898,0.000089659785,0.000010719093,0.0003644285,0.9989992],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00017554253,9.818147e-7,0.00027521022,0.000013191705,0.00010980007,0.000010963234,0.000012510345,0.000044756194,0.99935704],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993855,0.0000065135923,0.0001292578,0.00012877937,0.00009424976,0.0002557333],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999645,0.000016923814,0.0000052439063,0.00021052321,0.000013871328,0.00010842033],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006274534,0.00012548025,0.00012096754,0.000055629196,0.000038297847,0.000036726182,0.00014154892,0.000054420256,0.9953663],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000069844164,0.00013465989,0.000045257406,0.0001316374,0.000009008023,0.0000700229,0.000018707782,0.000096147196,0.99925095],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007189476,0.000008899109,1.3255512e-8,0.000010281123,0.00001608618,0.0000057956777,0.000019102716,0.018417949,0.00009770999,0.000004130485,0.049422715,0.93199015],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000115244104,0.000024171357,0.0000017685975,0.000014501198,0.000007146857,0.000004443056,3.9649154e-7,0.06196655,0.00008237477,0.0000068573186,0.937608,0.00016852385],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000011756182,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.8232582e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9318216,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004037355,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000062029026,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5491271},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406477719","doi":"10.1016/s0967-0653(95)97949-2","title":"10.1016/s0967-0653(95)97949-2","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Time to knit","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Parametric statistics; Population; Environmental science; Mathematics; Statistics; Mechanics; Physics; Medicine; Environmental health","score_opus":0.0032922304960117904,"score_gpt":0.14575797704939153,"score_spread":0.14246574655337974,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4406477719","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00055137783,0.00019863386,0.000022082138,0.000029565834,0.0000036811518,0.00008840738,0.000011574029,0.00038218452,0.9987125],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00022485484,0.0000015781355,0.00028209065,0.000012792953,0.00010767527,0.000010702126,0.000012235922,0.000045884335,0.9993022],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993901,0.00000644782,0.0001273693,0.00012807312,0.00009335038,0.00025465837],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99964726,0.000016165668,0.000005087886,0.00021111805,0.000013498686,0.000106862266],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.000061931074,0.00012454191,0.00012105043,0.000042728898,0.000037049525,0.00003532715,0.00013955453,0.000053801687,0.994219],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000064699684,0.00013332954,0.000045921704,0.00013200103,0.000008895638,0.00006601264,0.000018425375,0.00009488241,0.998019],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007755249,0.0000102149825,1.2936925e-8,0.000011434606,0.00001865016,0.000006405532,0.000019773322,0.020479351,0.00019419297,0.00000470501,0.18784736,0.79140013],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00011003938,0.000023613531,0.0000026464488,0.000014016451,0.000007034001,0.0000048398247,3.706408e-7,0.07723649,0.000073209994,0.000006509322,0.9223567,0.00016453909],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000011158147,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.6586633e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7912356,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000039566312,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006150598,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.54370207},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406513016","doi":"10.1016/s0967-0653(98)81849-8","title":"10.1016/s0967-0653(98)81849-8","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Time to knit","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Tube (container); Phase (matter); Flow (mathematics); Materials science; Geology; Chemistry; Composite material; Physics; Mechanics","score_opus":0.003212326284847604,"score_gpt":0.1453044268757242,"score_spread":0.1420921005908766,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4406513016","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0005568079,0.00011891895,0.000022010257,0.000030383551,0.0000036337701,0.00008711891,0.0000103342145,0.00035337766,0.99881744],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00025343627,8.7854266e-7,0.0002877431,0.000011944741,0.00010840459,0.0000104510555,0.000011626164,0.000043186592,0.99927235],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99940896,0.000006175234,0.00012330918,0.00012402188,0.000091034795,0.00024647938],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99965715,0.000016121778,0.0000050138565,0.00020475645,0.000012961694,0.00010400996],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.000060873357,0.00012023553,0.000121634104,0.0000531315,0.000035565885,0.00003408857,0.00013543012,0.000052527106,0.9964294],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000065668182,0.00012873643,0.000044490043,0.00012808283,0.000008633113,0.000063694744,0.000017791284,0.00009206542,0.9984262],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008171735,0.000010782426,1.1153613e-8,0.000012362107,0.000021252286,0.0000068996515,0.000022767146,0.022173144,0.0001778612,0.000005320625,0.27700555,0.70055586],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000107473374,0.000022203922,0.0000038985922,0.000013869141,0.0000072290777,0.000004082624,3.49009e-7,0.06057952,0.00007736455,0.000006503627,0.9390156,0.00016189978],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000013308381,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.1248316e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.700394,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000040270836,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006011792,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5249719},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406516027","doi":"10.1016/s0967-0653(97)82820-7","title":"10.1016/s0967-0653(97)82820-7","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Time to knit","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Wake; Ultrasound; Stratified flow; Flow (mathematics); Mechanics; Materials science; Acoustics; Physics","score_opus":0.003610963215613226,"score_gpt":0.14494055990531213,"score_spread":0.1413295966896989,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4406516027","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00022930543,0.00014144192,0.000027825618,0.000029843455,0.0000037343923,0.00008855757,0.000011019762,0.00035748733,0.99911076],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00015509996,7.029427e-7,0.0003213948,0.000012669128,0.00010579534,0.000010814911,0.000012595741,0.000044126835,0.9993368],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993929,0.0000061155038,0.00012637021,0.000128127,0.00009221597,0.00025426893],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99965024,0.000016058393,0.000005107521,0.00020771567,0.000013656773,0.0001072318],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006198984,0.00012330723,0.00011904701,0.000053471118,0.000037600712,0.000035791814,0.00013927298,0.000053567008,0.9941087],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000066331936,0.00013254581,0.000044468576,0.00013062515,0.000009022329,0.00006378549,0.000018495311,0.0000950042,0.9990627],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000069738594,0.000008630891,1.0688822e-8,0.000010091799,0.000015660258,0.000005640728,0.000017335025,0.013466912,0.00011972014,0.0000056103895,0.039736945,0.94660646],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00011555428,0.00002436752,0.0000013840876,0.000014580432,0.0000069837542,0.0000043673126,3.9418885e-7,0.055170503,0.00009770195,0.000010752075,0.94438607,0.00016732072],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008534579,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.1153792e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.94643915,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000039694343,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000061675382,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5405061},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406585344","doi":"10.1016/s0967-0653(98)83992-6","title":"10.1016/s0967-0653(98)83992-6","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Time to knit","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Field (mathematics); Column (typography); Mechanics; Chromatography; Materials science; Physics; Chemistry; Mathematics; Geometry","score_opus":0.003198217881624278,"score_gpt":0.14511393543074155,"score_spread":0.14191571754911728,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4406585344","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00057374174,0.00011009573,0.000022828233,0.000030956366,0.0000034965658,0.000085049156,0.000010154672,0.00035014976,0.9988135],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00028594115,8.126372e-7,0.00029122343,0.0000130650105,0.000105274135,0.000010089512,0.000011975684,0.000043173015,0.99923843],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99941206,0.000006170151,0.00012271877,0.00012347249,0.000090087124,0.00024547862],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999661,0.000015330092,0.000004935207,0.0002023549,0.0000127065005,0.00010365655],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00005926636,0.00011986374,0.00011993538,0.000052707863,0.000035110308,0.000033917735,0.00013456591,0.00005234844,0.99701744],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000061525716,0.00012845582,0.000043093223,0.0001270233,0.00000860434,0.000062090214,0.000017788561,0.00009150611,0.99871737],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008710546,0.000011399387,1.18524515e-8,0.000013058318,0.00002188076,0.0000074568125,0.00002474205,0.023210574,0.00021166228,0.000004777271,0.31235665,0.6641291],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000105797866,0.000022873655,0.000003670202,0.000013746022,0.0000069719144,0.000003958037,3.5505337e-7,0.061444562,0.00008430106,0.0000057168495,0.93814677,0.00016127595],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000013004877,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.1981352e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6639678,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000039053997,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006065713,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5238277},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406902254","doi":"10.1016/j.cherd.2025.01.040","title":"Optimizing airlift pumps for efficient solid-liquid transport: Effect of particle properties, submergence ratio, and injector design","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Process Safety and Environmental Protection","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Ontario Agri-Food Innovation Alliance; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs","keywords":"Injector; Airlift; Particle (ecology); Process engineering; Particle size; Mechanics; Environmental science; Materials science; Automotive engineering; Engineering; Nuclear engineering; Mechanical engineering; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Bioreactor; Physics; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.00699664281895477,"score_gpt":0.19031846491562088,"score_spread":0.18332182209666611,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4406902254","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.4854163,0.0007711106,0.5130262,0.000011810853,0.000044569617,0.00068117573,0.0000068999207,0.000031296695,0.000010655706],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991852,0.00026495662,0.00022800005,0.0000047142244,0.000009396284,0.00026820783,0.0000051146426,0.000014379661,0.000019999698],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994027,0.000018619787,0.00019799407,0.00016779869,0.000064295185,0.00014860035],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999862,0.00001675034,0.000026043586,0.000058364167,0.000004078983,0.000032773954],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021101705,0.00012222421,0.00014781306,0.00003246105,0.00013657057,0.000008229857,0.00003283291,0.00005499021,0.000003083143],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000092964,0.000109681285,0.000024817053,0.00006686126,0.000054740838,0.000092270464,0.000011483166,0.00006971896,2.6003306e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006372339,0.0000184969,0.00008654258,0.0007709778,0.00002189646,1.578637e-7,0.00039380806,0.7009811,0.293454,0.000018778315,1.7090478e-7,0.0036168532],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00038995998,0.00022894677,0.00019032473,0.00006754131,0.000024763953,0.000001449389,0.00005611453,0.6575993,0.34134242,0.000007940396,0.000011655158,0.00007963602],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000012498297,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000031390387,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.513769,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004405288,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005929114,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4472673},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4407132262","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2025.117586","title":"Simulation of subsurface mechanical dispersion (SSMD) of oil by a water jet","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Marine Pollution Bulletin","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Resources Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Jet (fluid); Dispersion (optics); Water jet; Environmental science; Oil spill; Geology; Petroleum engineering; Soil science; Geotechnical engineering; Mechanics; Physics; Optics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.003195691403060196,"score_gpt":0.19196434190240186,"score_spread":0.18876865049934166,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4407132262","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9239018,0.00018290548,0.06747792,0.0012668081,0.00031555974,0.000090307345,0.0000356759,0.00011614706,0.0066128573],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99752223,0.000047252008,0.00061303837,0.000027065136,0.000009035131,0.000002547749,0.000041863448,0.000011558673,0.0017253911],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99938947,0.000018164907,0.00025443302,0.00010274121,0.000099514145,0.00013570015],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99974686,0.00003310555,0.000021791404,0.00013665986,0.000038402773,0.000023163879],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013712884,0.00009293667,0.0001571535,0.00007223329,0.000022932012,0.000005317681,0.00007160008,0.0000717639,0.00034972248],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000029159022,0.00007930184,0.000057200305,0.00009311246,0.000018211387,0.000016597342,0.00008306386,0.000071161885,0.000016331793],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000058006055,0.000069849484,0.0004858621,0.00027294428,0.000049181734,7.125545e-7,0.00006420472,0.6246861,0.35786933,0.003348491,0.0035554466,0.009539834],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005360189,0.000026481282,0.00043988173,0.000056127414,0.000023432092,3.5145644e-7,0.000016012038,0.8679426,0.092126295,0.00017724998,0.038538992,0.00011658355],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00012411602,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000011488527,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.26574305,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000044504697,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000047477192,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3829216},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4407232956","doi":"10.1002/cjce.25641","title":"Mechanisms of particle adhesion influence on high‐viscosity solid–liquid flow and mixing in a stirred tank using particle image velocimetry","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Postdoctoral Research Foundation of China; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Particle image velocimetry; Viscosity; Mixing (physics); Particle (ecology); Materials science; Adhesion; Phase (matter); Flow (mathematics); Mechanics; Work (physics); Chemical engineering; Thermodynamics; Composite material; Chemistry; Turbulence; Engineering; Physics; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.004715937526590678,"score_gpt":0.19412519134349218,"score_spread":0.1894092538169015,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4407232956","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98615754,0.00028248472,0.013232568,0.00011827681,0.00012716981,0.0000564505,0.0000043625314,0.000012620176,0.00000852224],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99672,0.00000467808,0.0032074605,0.000030848234,0.000016906266,0.0000010757134,3.2708482e-7,0.000016754142,0.0000019436263],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991697,0.000012116886,0.000343496,0.00008064481,0.000108254535,0.0002857983],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99953115,0.00008785487,0.000041117542,0.00011788683,0.000049376977,0.00017261019],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00029589282,0.000119991244,0.0002221046,0.00012771593,0.0000387888,0.000035141144,0.00015460423,0.000064631306,0.0000034757481],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017330346,0.00010900588,0.00004218953,0.0002908978,0.00003841549,0.00012206641,0.000021953962,0.00029090839,3.6772724e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001230085,0.0000034327804,0.000050189057,0.000041671326,0.000016612106,0.000016270598,0.00010849974,0.32010534,0.67871135,0.0007914423,0.0000031412992,0.00013974856],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00020003998,0.000017579083,0.0003834398,0.00026653832,0.000013197404,0.000009363975,0.000010804191,0.5136548,0.48520225,0.00017621653,0.0000017689657,0.00006398901],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005626914,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00014975375,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.19354947,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023475282,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009905177,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.44451305},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4407967945","doi":"10.1021/acs.jpcb.4c07458","title":"Stability Analysis of a Multicomponent Vapor–Gas Bubble in Contact with a Liquid–Gas Solution","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Physical Chemistry B","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Alberta Innovates; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs; University of Alberta","keywords":"Bubble; Gas bubble; Materials science; Bubble point; Chemistry; Mechanics; Physics","score_opus":0.0054194456153131895,"score_gpt":0.2115649738814758,"score_spread":0.20614552826616261,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4407967945","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9952713,0.00010125111,0.004067294,0.00006449079,0.000014552647,0.00003723929,0.0000051301913,0.000007822824,0.00043090215],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99987125,0.000016211614,0.00006752331,0.0000038404282,0.000026228896,0.0000010410062,0.0000019338418,0.0000054566804,0.0000064995756],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99937993,0.000020509186,0.0002755126,0.000055968092,0.00014689231,0.0001212129],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995198,0.0001243032,0.0000877125,0.00015851231,0.00007472052,0.000034900604],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002426286,0.0000903723,0.0003205345,0.000045978344,0.000017039609,0.0000062222757,0.00014355987,0.000028381162,0.0000084432695],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000023882574,0.000059978825,0.00012993114,0.00038511303,0.000034505094,0.00004464318,0.000023813249,0.00023327448,1.7974234e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00018514639,0.0001273226,0.00023587293,0.00008498406,0.00039928,0.000002514424,0.00034247994,0.11769275,0.8807779,0.00003573682,0.000005141895,0.00011085172],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00043199223,0.00005436845,0.0019775426,0.000097062715,0.00045429438,0.0000021050507,0.000114516624,0.6446659,0.35205898,0.000072473194,0.000009049673,0.000061700506],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000054156095,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000024093944,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.52871895,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013175284,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003389898,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.24458654},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4408082597","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-80676-6_97","title":"Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Multi-bubble Motion Using a Physical Laboratory Model of the Hall-Héroult Cell: From Sliding Under the Anode to Rising Up in the Side Channel","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"The minerals, metals & materials series","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Chicoutimi; Centre de Recherche en Sciences Animales de Deschambault; Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Anode; Bubble; Channel (broadcasting); Mechanics; Qualitative analysis; Motion (physics); Physics; Electrical engineering; Engineering; Classical mechanics; Qualitative research; Electrode; Sociology","score_opus":0.05085058700207138,"score_gpt":0.29566065796747676,"score_spread":0.24481007096540539,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4408082597","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96974635,0.0013927466,0.024855683,0.00014258419,0.00040668325,0.0007229019,0.0021164808,0.00003426604,0.00058231014],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99546605,0.00013356932,0.0016529723,0.000086637825,0.00005549224,0.000036845802,0.0000587715,0.00006847561,0.0024412046],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.997809,0.00047258736,0.00076483906,0.00035096693,0.0003411919,0.0002614333],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99823934,0.0005810618,0.0003859611,0.00057405786,0.00019171607,0.000027856497],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001225704,0.00046436975,0.0010866656,0.00025797682,0.00018239015,0.00016044054,0.0004275835,0.00016216868,0.0000058888522],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004541987,0.0002595406,0.00022526855,0.00035796175,0.00019483862,0.00026103808,0.00021091035,0.00023734148,7.465524e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000033043318,0.000015227,7.5262557e-7,0.000121004225,0.0006888291,5.6605484e-7,0.025515089,0.3419922,0.60326135,0.028354695,0.000010733636,0.0000065049026],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00045196599,0.00004445203,0.00012382603,0.00059871655,0.0038729499,9.1878167e-7,0.021891922,0.86856717,0.084717385,0.019019783,0.00004326657,0.00066767825],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014674176,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018049163,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.52657497,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000075866155,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000052752963,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999857},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4408126481","doi":"10.1063/5.0255081","title":"An insight into discrete and accelerated decomposition techniques for improved accuracy of multi-dimensional hyperbolic aggregation model arising in bubble column","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physics of Fluids","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institute of Particle Physics","funders":"Science and Engineering Research Board","keywords":"Physics; Decomposition; Bubble; Statistical physics; Mechanics; Column (typography); Applied mathematics; Decomposition method (queueing theory); Statistics; Geometry","score_opus":0.012610332482748664,"score_gpt":0.2882138038926553,"score_spread":0.2756034714099066,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4408126481","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6250422,0.00017515762,0.3744231,0.000011680215,0.000026051981,0.00023421033,0.000015641826,0.000039880957,0.000032100223],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9266487,0.000055195997,0.07314291,0.000014614561,0.0000119763545,0.000032104577,0.00007470344,0.000016876424,0.0000029313114],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99945354,0.000009324293,0.0002523727,0.00013187075,0.000047621816,0.00010525639],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996568,0.00005025987,0.000038199727,0.00012463951,0.000108398344,0.000021715525],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008153487,0.00010432038,0.0001962181,0.00010037227,0.000037227677,0.0000195465,0.00006909992,0.000062252475,1.800577e-7],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000015052925,0.00011699819,0.000031879288,0.00017090411,0.000027396212,0.0003195167,0.000028219041,0.00006736843,2.3006706e-8],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000023446162,0.00004959733,0.00007831762,0.0001372749,0.000015881651,5.4862944e-8,0.00031306845,0.06256171,0.9102924,0.0018648789,0.000004694879,0.024658713],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003098122,0.000026204963,0.00014223502,0.00010718464,0.000010241574,8.8987214e-8,0.0000066246084,0.65773827,0.33790445,0.0036827133,0.0000029693633,0.00006919582],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00013403902,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000042720007,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5951766,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004674819,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000028540055,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.47710478},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4408307305","doi":"10.1002/cjce.25663","title":"Analysis of flow regimes and volumetric phase fraction of vertical upward gas–liquid–solid three‐phase flow","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Generalitat de Catalunya","keywords":"Slug flow; Flow (mathematics); Two-phase flow; Slurry; Materials science; Mechanics; Bubble; Phase (matter); Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Composite material; Physics","score_opus":0.004944302656162664,"score_gpt":0.2157855753800746,"score_spread":0.21084127272391193,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4408307305","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8980095,0.0015198349,0.100084536,0.00008411668,0.0001652078,0.00004469431,0.00001933963,0.000011822366,0.000060978076],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983722,0.000032487547,0.0015084918,0.000011215306,0.000050593906,0.000001148025,0.000004369965,0.000016694612,0.0000027895155],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990529,0.000008104041,0.0004784127,0.00008167149,0.00014556535,0.0002333377],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992802,0.0001360317,0.00005132312,0.00016839032,0.00011934643,0.0002447018],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025659357,0.0001349176,0.00045677577,0.0008611457,0.00002821913,0.000022365608,0.00018275698,0.000096600066,0.00002100605],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00026719438,0.00011928448,0.00017694065,0.0010854242,0.000057304045,0.00008844721,0.000013968483,0.0003142237,2.3135298e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007631714,0.000032697404,0.00017165384,0.00016436042,0.0016969222,0.0000248566,0.0001853778,0.69289297,0.2922528,0.0003826178,0.00017644597,0.01194296],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00062786386,0.000055530018,0.000092220806,0.00010513208,0.0006284112,0.000012401184,0.000011216055,0.93923223,0.058987543,0.000042233158,0.00011129056,0.00009394122],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003369598,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00015604532,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.24633925,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017390422,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012481521,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.486428},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4408307842","doi":"10.1002/cjce.25624","title":"Effect of nozzle shape on bubble column reactor with constant flow rate","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Nozzle; Bubble; Constant (computer programming); Mechanics; Materials science; Volumetric flow rate; Flow (mathematics); Bubble column reactor; Column (typography); Thermodynamics; Physics; Mechanical engineering; Computer science; Gas bubble; Engineering","score_opus":0.0021256203187488636,"score_gpt":0.16167242225485204,"score_spread":0.15954680193610318,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4408307842","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99678266,0.0003717288,0.001075908,0.00010911665,0.0003169747,0.00009195934,0.000012044459,0.000020555652,0.0012190784],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996184,0.0000045821644,0.00025530515,0.000026987702,0.000048244383,0.0000021331875,0.0000011899693,0.000023046845,0.000020117881],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993721,0.000011208937,0.00023116134,0.000058400783,0.000093622424,0.00023345488],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993721,0.00022448073,0.000035898945,0.00013177446,0.000053966574,0.00018176687],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00031510595,0.00013301386,0.00025443663,0.00013996733,0.00002362983,0.000028888067,0.00019528333,0.000059337683,0.000016199721],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011476097,0.00009413899,0.00006668829,0.00019872264,0.00004111922,0.000040376788,0.0000065006693,0.00034292895,0.0000011998688],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008189885,0.000004923042,0.00011069533,0.0003086527,0.00023834698,0.000081821156,0.00011938332,0.5388408,0.45548382,0.0016336658,0.00075680355,0.0023392218],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007062163,0.00015246475,0.000041923795,0.00078114663,0.00006742612,0.000046902966,0.00000430756,0.6528763,0.34406713,0.00002722053,0.0010711799,0.00015775872],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00016177322,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00014389392,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.11403558,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020321326,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001660129,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.38388765},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4408890204","doi":"10.1117/12.3043506","title":"Characterizing single airborne droplets using photoacoustic sensing and acoustic levitation","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"St. Michael's Hospital; Toronto Metropolitan University; British Columbia Institute of Technology","funders":"","keywords":"Acoustic levitation; Levitation; Photoacoustic imaging in biomedicine; Acoustics; Magnetic levitation; Materials science; Remote sensing; Optics; Physics; Engineering; Electrical engineering; Geology","score_opus":0.009735966563734213,"score_gpt":0.2112923741037283,"score_spread":0.2015564075399941,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4408890204","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5899202,0.00015030832,0.40769538,0.000021006086,0.00031868232,0.00007592056,0.0000021135595,0.00017773073,0.0016386341],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99246126,0.000026163354,0.0071716276,0.0001323172,0.000036087557,9.461667e-7,0.0000061666433,0.000025811172,0.00013964035],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993858,0.00000934685,0.00017599495,0.00015310089,0.00006348925,0.00021229524],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997428,0.00006259544,0.000016058044,0.00010811281,0.00003160354,0.000038834492],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008302062,0.0001309037,0.00014321182,0.00015209922,0.000091367925,0.00009002323,0.00003290662,0.00005850015,0.000007695586],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000033697288,0.00014266752,0.00002331833,0.00017990533,0.000019909665,0.00012445085,0.000029503455,0.000091165704,0.0000025227703],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000017272671,0.0000053321996,0.000025503656,0.00013110464,0.000019153978,0.000006313465,0.00011530836,0.032085545,0.95653236,0.000114074755,0.000023542849,0.010940036],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00015442066,0.000007410431,0.00071816816,0.00015574654,0.00004096935,0.000013353811,0.00011958962,0.98744303,0.01101278,0.00009799498,0.00008894984,0.00014760275],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003944102,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003565881,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9553575,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010031354,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013492518,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5817812},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4408933611","doi":"10.1002/cjce.25678","title":"Impact of slug length in gas–liquid two‐phase flow on the structural stress characteristics of horizontal rigid pipelines","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Universiti Teknologi Petronas","keywords":"Slug flow; Slug; Pipeline transport; Flow (mathematics); Mechanics; Geotechnical engineering; Geology; Stress (linguistics); Two-phase flow; Petroleum engineering; Materials science; Structural engineering; Engineering; Physics; Mechanical engineering","score_opus":0.004440123885333206,"score_gpt":0.21753391763182292,"score_spread":0.2130937937464897,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4408933611","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99869764,0.00023499093,0.0004010329,0.000081827144,0.00032953414,0.00006931479,0.00009644568,0.000007411817,0.00008183376],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997107,0.0000095171235,0.00012344282,0.00000772745,0.00011997563,0.0000011622932,0.0000048092957,0.000020846466,0.000001865671],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990513,0.000011544644,0.00048572122,0.0000612188,0.00012390046,0.00026637127],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99938494,0.00014487958,0.00007920551,0.00017234057,0.0000816966,0.00013694653],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019623147,0.00016390096,0.00031328254,0.00021203895,0.00002314766,0.000020997886,0.0003357666,0.00006150811,0.000016858898],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017979686,0.00010718806,0.00015158587,0.00022669566,0.00004951856,0.000053672145,0.000013961471,0.00045935105,2.293647e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012218692,0.000019391937,0.0007138558,0.00015201267,0.00025414143,0.00004526263,0.00054393616,0.4752649,0.5169871,0.002172233,0.00011296316,0.0036119933],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009216972,0.00014240657,0.001356499,0.0006361745,0.000043646993,0.000034832603,0.00002279697,0.87040806,0.12613598,0.00008805461,0.000026433372,0.00018338862],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000779367,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00037493263,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.39514318,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00027462412,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002005497,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.43710023},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4409195287","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2025.105230","title":"Unlocking the dynamics of complex instability mechanisms in developing gravity-driven slug flows","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Ontario Agri-Food Innovation Alliance; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs","keywords":"Instability; Slug; Dynamics (music); Mechanics; Slug flow; Geology; Physics; Flow (mathematics); Two-phase flow; Paleontology","score_opus":0.013175059637078837,"score_gpt":0.26622115386788275,"score_spread":0.25304609423080393,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4409195287","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.39659813,0.00006741417,0.601114,0.0006020006,0.0012513426,0.00008141662,0.000031430594,0.000012978304,0.00024134673],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.944289,0.00006065457,0.05548323,0.00008274315,0.00004662342,0.000002132852,0.00001285286,0.000011321269,0.000011395625],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99878913,0.000040303268,0.000647798,0.00008682584,0.00030012403,0.0001358456],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99921995,0.00017761803,0.00012477154,0.00011612907,0.0003335143,0.000028009174],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00044363187,0.00011929372,0.00022164367,0.00032431076,0.000033423446,0.0000360366,0.0005076451,0.00005460001,0.000016613993],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013447221,0.00009866243,0.00011513349,0.00019009112,0.000031225714,0.00013361807,0.00008115047,0.00027072598,9.71001e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000722052,0.00009151168,0.002473122,0.000053562388,0.00025114868,0.000050122915,0.00042417974,0.91854763,0.023338256,0.027601847,0.00006729966,0.027029125],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009638117,0.00001269522,0.0035603258,0.00027583342,0.0000114316135,0.00001978277,0.000118802345,0.9894852,0.0014194087,0.003594508,0.00045158202,0.000086600936],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004593229,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00081416155,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5476909,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00047221538,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000092429604,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4023337},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4409305122","doi":"10.1016/j.jprocont.2025.103426","title":"Robust to outlier image inpainting for interface detection in primary separation vessel","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Process Control","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Institute for Oil Sands Innovation, University of Alberta; Imperial Oil Resources; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Alberta Innovates; University of Alberta","keywords":"Inpainting; Artificial intelligence; Outlier; Computer vision; Image (mathematics); Pattern recognition (psychology); Separation (statistics); Anomaly detection; Computer science; Interface (matter); Machine learning","score_opus":0.005021843751683143,"score_gpt":0.24887365645938975,"score_spread":0.24385181270770662,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4409305122","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.27600121,0.00019066747,0.722895,0.00013394176,0.00027869327,0.00016929409,0.0000013100229,0.00001552702,0.0003143098],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9971086,0.0000071178856,0.002617686,0.00010234889,0.00008029741,0.000019567444,3.5966613e-7,0.000012692343,0.000051322317],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99936545,0.000010399772,0.00035524028,0.00006587353,0.00007268803,0.00013031984],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996214,0.00005734127,0.00006959734,0.000044045762,0.00017849101,0.000029134284],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00036929583,0.00007762553,0.0001849675,0.00024313846,0.000026894142,0.000052366624,0.00008671085,0.000044589877,0.0000012716347],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014228847,0.00007548471,0.00004574336,0.00016693659,0.0000042191527,0.00024634373,0.0000065613112,0.00015311183,8.3027817e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016166191,0.000022543829,0.00026115577,0.00032991017,0.000045359182,0.0000022375266,0.00039383874,0.71869975,0.25851598,0.00003375899,0.00020703091,0.021326726],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0018929476,0.000081660255,0.0016027363,0.00028039576,0.00003128943,0.0000059539443,0.00015154023,0.97563595,0.01936538,0.00027626872,0.00056628045,0.00010958479],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000001396576,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000019368481,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.72110736,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015753784,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003430897,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.30781773},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4409396488","doi":"10.1029/2024wr038386","title":"Methods for Predicting Bubble Size Distribution in Turbulent Flow","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Resources Research","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Bubble; Turbulence; Mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Environmental science; Statistical physics; Physics","score_opus":0.023826611941902186,"score_gpt":0.35545918145945365,"score_spread":0.3316325695175515,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4409396488","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8608682,0.000825669,0.13383318,0.00054856227,0.00020311752,0.0006427334,0.000025754225,0.00016279746,0.0028899743],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98153734,0.000056101795,0.015119274,0.00001569534,0.00009722382,0.00027694157,0.00007863337,0.000032932727,0.0027858433],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99868363,0.00013400581,0.0002177738,0.00020555695,0.00016337179,0.0005956416],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992323,0.00043604092,0.0000046071673,0.00019864789,0.00007802871,0.000050356935],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0022701176,0.00009565262,0.00014163234,0.00013171058,0.00013585268,0.00010308102,0.00020891472,0.00009129717,0.000018369166],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002535579,0.0000768309,0.000048417955,0.00029434005,0.00003600596,0.000054209937,0.00012216311,0.00032508097,0.000007299939],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00033363423,0.00017898246,0.0057604616,0.0024695946,0.00023899025,0.000035472323,0.012706094,0.4052135,0.32925937,0.0018982673,0.009476239,0.23242939],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003415557,0.00002338008,0.00052219484,0.00009074171,0.000003075246,8.823323e-7,0.00011731119,0.8317043,0.026300507,0.0013150782,0.1394996,0.00008133734],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009647551,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000030564446,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4264908,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022086322,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010018101,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.31330732},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4409742701","doi":"10.1002/cjce.25737","title":"Investigation of mixing performance and flow characteristics of oil–water two‐phase flow in a novel swirling shear‐type static mixer","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities; Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province","keywords":"Mixing (physics); Flow (mathematics); Mechanics; Materials science; Static mixer; Shear (geology); Two-phase flow; Phase (matter); Geotechnical engineering; Geology; Turbulence; Physics; Composite material","score_opus":0.006612568778055517,"score_gpt":0.18410963218466855,"score_spread":0.17749706340661303,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4409742701","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9960824,0.000201518,0.0033668187,0.00006418391,0.0002187102,0.000030414432,0.000007655569,0.000005724701,0.000022531922],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9953749,0.000015277463,0.004531076,0.000015529246,0.00003541987,9.355278e-7,0.0000040408036,0.000016863582,0.000005945982],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.999212,0.0000049068776,0.00044015574,0.000054784774,0.000083593244,0.00020452582],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99961543,0.00005565478,0.000044170054,0.00008650487,0.000080121536,0.00011810054],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00027652454,0.00010630427,0.00023982009,0.00025035816,0.000018357678,0.000018716508,0.00011660609,0.000050125032,0.0000032667576],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008376925,0.0000878751,0.000031497402,0.00018854662,0.000040931285,0.00009019305,0.00001227294,0.0002727517,1.5383179e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009246481,0.0000028357906,0.00038593434,0.00038859947,0.000033446748,0.0000044764042,0.0010403206,0.3389067,0.65704,0.000051854193,0.000005649648,0.002130941],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00048795485,0.00001377011,0.00036209144,0.0006309972,0.000020740436,0.0000151608265,0.0000104537585,0.8620352,0.13629979,0.00001982631,0.000026690395,0.0000772829],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00017065553,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000581813,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5231285,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000142533,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014648038,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.35834426},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4409770872","doi":"10.1063/5.0266200","title":"Tuning bubble trajectories in a yield stress fluid","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physics of Fluids","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Physics; Bubble; Yield (engineering); Mechanics; Stress (linguistics); Classical mechanics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.008931695142667484,"score_gpt":0.21634644396877667,"score_spread":0.2074147488261092,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4409770872","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9231145,0.0011873944,0.056337696,0.000030687464,0.0005224991,0.000113319285,0.000023924978,0.00013789113,0.018532136],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990513,0.000083734165,0.0006561961,0.000013464703,0.000049398182,0.000010431534,0.0000069733014,0.0000170448,0.00011149896],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99942154,0.0000057816737,0.000194312,0.000108345164,0.000084415566,0.00018560111],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999688,0.000066651235,0.00000966091,0.00018469326,0.000029666106,0.000021288371],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006245857,0.00011213376,0.00019146124,0.0000820618,0.000021547632,0.000015805674,0.00013804286,0.00004622748,0.000006283163],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000019525898,0.00012704829,0.00005134879,0.00033890008,0.000024538153,0.00010873479,0.000036134756,0.00011629022,0.0000021896224],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012305239,0.00008640136,0.009470933,0.0005450336,0.00008625299,0.0000050876442,0.0014079798,0.09736433,0.7810531,0.09924869,0.00065786263,0.010062022],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006004825,0.000041190175,0.0045812707,0.000823062,0.000031524327,4.4786333e-7,0.00033659636,0.7265867,0.25480166,0.011160506,0.0006314806,0.00040506892],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00012480537,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000050854524,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6292224,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000040544353,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000024941875,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.51808786},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4410944860","doi":"10.1002/cjce.25762","title":"Flow patterns and pressure gradients of viscous oil–water core–annular flow in a vertical upward pipe","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Flow (mathematics); Mechanics; Geology; Core (optical fiber); Pressure gradient; Materials science; Geotechnical engineering; Composite material; Physics","score_opus":0.003369060824161443,"score_gpt":0.16617356941807138,"score_spread":0.16280450859390994,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4410944860","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9953359,0.00091107364,0.0031886508,0.00013480004,0.00031060926,0.000034447723,0.00001190802,0.000010155021,0.000062454405],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995002,0.000017349092,0.00037665124,0.00002293326,0.000046416095,0.00000174191,0.0000019265794,0.000019653902,0.000013101282],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992106,0.0000057224074,0.00030733,0.00007217621,0.000100649595,0.00030352513],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99959654,0.00003729057,0.000011497025,0.00011700896,0.000040029467,0.00019761246],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015775187,0.00012648896,0.00023729801,0.0001860612,0.000018412482,0.000027135888,0.00019127615,0.00008287259,0.000010428789],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005903987,0.00009594289,0.000057647652,0.00010462087,0.00003384813,0.000059415903,0.00002055934,0.0003586367,4.2689166e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015884898,0.0000095606765,0.0020138032,0.00043474438,0.00017497901,0.00010814407,0.00092430174,0.8012989,0.19247064,0.00029781132,0.00011540483,0.002135815],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004057097,0.000012097105,0.0007747991,0.00040680834,0.000046376736,0.000045319975,0.000008213162,0.9510926,0.04659074,0.000090091795,0.00040581854,0.00012144668],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00036231847,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00035501693,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.14979365,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010129843,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000054435972,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.39124373},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4410944881","doi":"10.1002/cjce.25775","title":"A numerical study of prediction method for terminal velocity of rising microbubbles in quiescent liquid by simplified rear stagnant cap model","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Microbubbles; Terminal velocity; Terminal (telecommunication); Mechanics; Physics; Computer science; Acoustics; Telecommunications; Ultrasound","score_opus":0.007151470824358903,"score_gpt":0.22331761926407878,"score_spread":0.21616614843971987,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4410944881","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.80548847,0.00031539545,0.19383991,0.00003847602,0.00010771613,0.0001510215,0.000038575665,0.0000077172235,0.000012708061],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99420756,0.0000040727864,0.005727385,0.000007250918,0.000022906608,0.000005182142,0.00000227596,0.000019541898,0.0000038020228],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99902034,0.000013401589,0.00054645987,0.00008108138,0.000104068735,0.00023467168],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99951553,0.000101805876,0.00007349453,0.000114870745,0.000079055026,0.000115262075],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00039684618,0.00012239354,0.000322898,0.00020093397,0.000023854436,0.000012362469,0.00019803757,0.00007317167,9.358754e-7],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010740336,0.00010824056,0.000075834105,0.00019552353,0.000019344852,0.000049959483,0.000012285008,0.0002741189,2.0921547e-8],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000033971333,0.00001962978,0.000029364397,0.000117290976,0.000049956492,0.0000023926582,0.00054610765,0.61923003,0.37944523,0.000058660953,0.00009624544,0.0003711276],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00048788026,0.000070575756,0.00003448623,0.0002179475,0.000039191502,0.000009201037,0.000071785056,0.8611672,0.13775936,0.000038578644,0.000030989235,0.00007280589],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014238561,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00020411407,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.24193716,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002962746,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018416643,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.44139218},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412032420","doi":"10.11159/jffhmt.2025.026","title":"Impactor-Assisted Atomization in Multi-Jet Twin-Fluid Injectors for FCC Risers","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Fluid Flow Heat and Mass Transfer","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Injector; Jet (fluid); Materials science; Mechanics; Environmental science; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.010515672735916167,"score_gpt":0.23576458754331395,"score_spread":0.22524891480739778,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4412032420","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.61500454,0.0015596956,0.38231197,0.00010687361,0.00065447023,0.00019436632,0.000021394626,0.000026445514,0.0001202328],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99397063,0.0010079676,0.004782676,0.00007135285,0.00006716407,0.000008514621,0.000008580676,0.00003273751,0.000050381597],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989403,0.00002538089,0.0005335765,0.0001195048,0.00011724324,0.00026398513],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99960697,0.000084633386,0.000010256134,0.000092125425,0.000099895005,0.00010612719],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00029046385,0.00019544167,0.00037494575,0.00040583534,0.000051621955,0.000058614256,0.000099169185,0.00014524798,0.000011073521],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002768929,0.00017078978,0.00016425137,0.00025208294,0.000020219419,0.000245346,0.00000509731,0.0002032583,4.4237737e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00056453777,0.00015148426,0.017690618,0.0006867813,0.00040669143,0.000031318603,0.0014441494,0.10347331,0.86334467,0.0006265224,0.0019372053,0.009642731],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0067708744,0.00020050057,0.02373938,0.0004177319,0.00015367116,0.00002232253,0.00018945523,0.949219,0.01523335,0.00012645099,0.0035755464,0.00035174435],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000015202145,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009512283,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8481113,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014389578,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006264709,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6964605},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412995320","doi":"10.3390/cleantechnol7030065","title":"CFD Simulation of the Interaction Between a Macrobubble and a Dilute Dispersion of Oil Droplets in Quiescent Water","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Clean Technologies","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Computational fluid dynamics; Dispersion (optics); Mechanics; Oil droplet; Materials science; Thermodynamics; Petroleum engineering; Environmental science; Chemical engineering; Physics; Optics; Engineering; Emulsion","score_opus":0.0061763183524810574,"score_gpt":0.21849671846110125,"score_spread":0.2123204001086202,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4412995320","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99805593,0.0001028575,0.0012581397,0.00017041087,0.00007362762,0.000046538335,0.0000026473306,0.00011525178,0.0001745906],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997704,0.00009442336,0.00008399506,0.0000016671602,0.000001747503,0.000002325086,0.0000015935419,0.0000048492534,0.000038999842],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996758,0.0000048505854,0.00013996473,0.00006563653,0.00003529367,0.00007843019],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998105,0.000026500627,0.00001720691,0.0001322432,0.000010749969,0.0000027691565],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000046219535,0.000053196913,0.00009856389,0.000118753494,0.000016593249,0.0000052799696,0.00008525866,0.00006527241,7.559829e-7],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000025174979,0.000035572688,0.000020963316,0.00012404202,0.000052131687,0.00004580588,0.00012722658,0.00009180681,2.7561845e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001692872,0.000025550418,0.036328234,0.0005628894,0.000039369894,7.208647e-7,0.0006551382,0.1723453,0.23201181,0.001084915,0.000051992676,0.55687714],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00025672524,0.000022568578,0.011459842,0.0004923006,0.000016649048,3.085652e-7,0.0021399744,0.43850937,0.5451829,0.0014808088,0.000346569,0.00009195778],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000021674938,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000052844334,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.55678517,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003916435,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000020652185,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.14506121},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4413802041","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121606","title":"Investigating gas dispersion and solid suspension in a coaxial stirred tank containing non-Newtonian fluids using coupled tomography and pressure measurements","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Powder Technology","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Coaxial; Suspension (topology); Dispersion (optics); Newtonian fluid; Mechanics; Non-Newtonian fluid; Tomography; Materials science; Gas pressure; Chromatography; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Petroleum engineering; Chemistry; Physics; Optics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.010890405590927311,"score_gpt":0.2374997979234172,"score_spread":0.2266093923324899,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4413802041","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99113077,0.002098859,0.0057026534,0.0002727705,0.00017718144,0.00027832674,0.0000029372952,0.00022114272,0.00011537978],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99516314,0.00009461419,0.0046318206,0.00004176853,0.000011363239,0.00001808811,0.0000043933373,0.000025530033,0.000009268302],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989595,0.000016685799,0.00027318034,0.00030003808,0.00010318734,0.00034741897],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999666,0.000028258968,0.000032796783,0.0001759889,0.00004482568,0.000052131363],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001960779,0.00019930229,0.0003026714,0.0006580238,0.00012308972,0.000043759115,0.000104209874,0.0002568352,0.0000023156279],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008194428,0.00021828206,0.000023129325,0.00054360915,0.00014635442,0.00009815683,0.00015309751,0.00029187958,3.0198672e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011583035,0.0000127024205,0.14292653,0.00013865606,0.00006819165,0.0000088562765,0.00027400703,0.0022409721,0.85151494,0.00028298062,0.000027023072,0.00249357],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012450215,0.000052176634,0.008532524,0.0005273877,0.00005300415,0.00001571301,0.0003217257,0.9778873,0.0100406045,0.0009974851,0.0000935316,0.00023353906],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00016840623,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00026093284,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9756463,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000053218013,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000025565012,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8901284},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4413807739","doi":"10.1002/cjce.70066","title":"Effect of high liquid viscosity on intermittent/annular flow pattern transition in two‐phase upward vertical flow","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Flow (mathematics); Mechanics; Viscosity; Two-phase flow; Materials science; Phase transition; Thermodynamics; Geology; Physics","score_opus":0.0022244533292424414,"score_gpt":0.19705434096085994,"score_spread":0.1948298876316175,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4413807739","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96855897,0.00015595894,0.030513803,0.00020705808,0.00042081744,0.000081360005,0.000011480638,0.00001505565,0.000035476663],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997213,0.0000032814282,0.00012340708,0.00004484876,0.000077372526,0.0000027923343,0.000004336234,0.000021560058,0.000001104992],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.999151,0.0000248597,0.00035507765,0.00008040097,0.00011918054,0.00026951815],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99950767,0.00012133578,0.000017158916,0.00013540624,0.00003275021,0.00018567825],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032604972,0.0001572881,0.00030697184,0.00024954608,0.000019324267,0.00002194505,0.0002129284,0.00007096926,0.000010694408],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008273369,0.00013059605,0.000122061705,0.00018171218,0.0000290685,0.000062156854,0.000008976051,0.00050369406,0.0000012472981],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000108763146,0.000013078544,0.000020714993,0.0001750132,0.00007486463,0.00009708861,0.00020809742,0.868352,0.12257616,0.00010059313,0.000049918046,0.008223717],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011591899,0.00015010538,0.000050819042,0.0005523071,0.00003967502,0.000020980824,0.0000021455983,0.7460091,0.25187695,0.000017547178,0.000022054226,0.00009908111],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00042605132,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00023109234,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1293008,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00031768737,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006247,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5325552},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4413847678","doi":"10.1016/j.partic.2025.08.015","title":"Hydrodynamic characteristics of the bubble-induced three-phase inverse fluidized bed in NaCl aqueous solution system","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Particuology","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Bubble; Aqueous solution; Fluidized bed; Inverse; Phase (matter); Materials science; Mechanics; Thermodynamics; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Chromatography; Mathematics; Physics; Organic chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.007601913090307055,"score_gpt":0.22511864727586597,"score_spread":0.21751673418555892,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4413847678","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9938436,0.00010876078,0.0038509865,0.00009925769,0.0012090871,0.00025741904,0.000011203366,0.0001041552,0.0005154975],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99976,0.000012813176,0.00009439081,0.000030924384,0.000020830772,0.000037237653,0.00000843124,0.000016170556,0.000019243997],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989907,0.000065903216,0.0004262314,0.00015309361,0.00006959723,0.00029447995],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99950206,0.00006990264,0.000053590007,0.00031059224,0.00003276737,0.00003109369],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020555052,0.00013317516,0.00030398663,0.00012154894,0.000045101213,0.000007924073,0.00017072588,0.00013785182,0.0000063615553],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007723331,0.00011649039,0.00006408822,0.00028956062,0.000050419138,0.00003507397,0.00006955868,0.00017295573,0.000013069412],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000069579844,0.00010104354,0.0042079864,0.00039927172,0.00009139733,0.000025661615,0.00036432655,0.0025642263,0.978623,0.009273463,0.00011241193,0.004167663],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011574518,0.00002983772,0.0027961105,0.00011160676,0.000043925582,0.000008399225,0.00004736788,0.9822103,0.013270095,0.00017165832,0.000043859793,0.0001094154],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00015207694,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00085034163,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.979646,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018992553,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000045810408,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.47503403},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4413939195","doi":"10.24908/iqurcp19909","title":"Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Bubble Nucleation in a Liquid Scintillator","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Inquiry Queen s Undergraduate Research Conference Proceedings","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Nucleation; Scintillator; Molecular dynamics; Dynamics (music); Materials science; Chemical physics; Mechanics; Physics; Statistical physics; Thermodynamics; Optics; Acoustics; Detector","score_opus":0.02947680779009324,"score_gpt":0.32533692697257754,"score_spread":0.2958601191824843,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4413939195","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9601597,0.00008983579,0.026759405,0.002176147,0.00013950537,0.00048071428,0.000010592302,0.0001453532,0.010038715],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988345,0.00019522215,0.00070922944,0.000015240286,0.000018672785,0.000034677403,0.000012454629,0.000033977518,0.00014601581],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99822176,0.000028222072,0.00044954356,0.00031460077,0.00046406328,0.0005218155],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987102,0.0001139262,0.000040579765,0.00017854261,0.00086939277,0.000087319364],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006378032,0.00017873762,0.00027596904,0.0010747793,0.0000920084,0.00013274496,0.00033988705,0.00015416983,0.000008659778],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00026746897,0.000201976,0.00005297318,0.0016459738,0.00023729593,0.00033295056,0.00015893036,0.00048393517,0.0000075740063],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000073271454,0.00007892621,0.002566209,0.0006995388,0.00007406568,0.0000058298456,0.0016778434,0.03104518,0.09442677,0.86666846,0.00030138393,0.0023825066],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00038705548,0.00008394238,0.00034461057,0.00048318403,0.000008179108,8.463842e-7,0.00073477055,0.9346961,0.010077021,0.052779995,0.00022059331,0.00018371177],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00019962291,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001107858,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9036509,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00058147375,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00030378875,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8236342},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4413976817","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.5441593","title":"Laminar dispersion force effects on two-fluid modelling and simulation of bubble column hydrodynamics","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Laminar flow; Bubble; Mechanics; Dispersion (optics); Column (typography); Physics; Environmental science; Engineering; Mechanical engineering; Optics","score_opus":0.004022223653091562,"score_gpt":0.21279445361704824,"score_spread":0.20877222996395667,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4413976817","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5481054,0.003598875,0.44718042,0.0000154368,0.00037708096,0.00021169563,0.000009453673,0.000048914844,0.0004527305],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.988901,0.0098338,0.00048318566,0.000008038675,0.00014343599,0.0000061019946,0.000028948789,0.00004868506,0.0005467637],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99804175,0.000045002704,0.00038465974,0.00026399657,0.00023301425,0.0010315898],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99934065,0.00015989573,0.000121658304,0.00024342594,0.00007206506,0.000062322295],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00065743225,0.0003022016,0.00039851724,0.00026130982,0.00011684298,0.00005500165,0.00020945704,0.00023761443,0.0000010112701],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000022910872,0.00032643575,0.00014963305,0.00011038369,0.000019819088,0.00007985165,0.00012915811,0.002243159,0.0000010125872],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000034499324,0.000015684978,0.000049074864,0.0003729119,0.0001606243,0.0000019487472,0.00009608126,0.9832243,0.0007817995,0.010145882,0.0000030886429,0.005114123],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000526574,0.00014607023,0.0000090586655,0.00067994784,0.00010068626,0.000012718611,0.00004440695,0.95303947,0.00021287412,0.04495545,0.000023361345,0.00024936118],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000052895644,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00015051092,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.44669724,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0011033338,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00037006926,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99991876},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4414001991","doi":"10.1016/j.cherd.2025.08.026","title":"Bubble-assisted multiphase flushing of settled solids in pipelines: Insights from integrated experiments and computational fluid dynamics simulations","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Process Safety and Environmental Protection","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Institute for Oil Sands Innovation, University of Alberta; Alliance de recherche numérique du Canada; Alberta Innovates; Canada Research Chairs; University of Alberta; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Imperial Oil Limited","keywords":"Bubble; Flushing; Computational fluid dynamics; Petroleum engineering; Pipeline transport; Mechanics; Multiphase flow; Fluid dynamics; Fluid simulation; Engineering; Environmental science; Materials science; Mechanical engineering; Physics; Medicine","score_opus":0.0062602483385217015,"score_gpt":0.21424935553497926,"score_spread":0.20798910719645755,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4414001991","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6564308,0.00034211046,0.34277448,0.000015112782,0.0000503317,0.00022967283,0.00007489512,0.000032163938,0.000050483202],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99875534,0.00008048495,0.00072957133,0.000010826679,0.0000071074273,0.000023528279,0.0003703733,0.000012519118,0.000010273828],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99935484,0.000018696228,0.00028385836,0.00017372683,0.000079625184,0.00008923492],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99984384,0.000031750315,0.000033992343,0.000054930933,0.000007767029,0.00002771484],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00003524587,0.00012783652,0.00014779143,0.00012514631,0.00009437089,0.000016709426,0.000034076522,0.000084837986,0.0000066845114],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000010905264,0.00013520019,0.000015326754,0.0001370199,0.000049242226,0.00018438685,0.000028055549,0.00012641698,3.799011e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010204185,0.00007343056,0.0011107604,0.0000986002,0.000030492653,7.576006e-7,0.00067144865,0.9397476,0.049923543,0.000059355487,2.6076847e-7,0.008181722],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010590388,0.000017669665,0.008543833,0.00012536939,0.000011652282,0.0000011870826,0.0006477058,0.98669624,0.0018848381,0.0008861126,0.000011865608,0.00011447337],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00013925937,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000121600846,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.34232455,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015999119,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008329357,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5513304},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4414183259","doi":"10.1002/cjce.70084","title":"A phenomenological study of bubbles from the venturi pipe microbubble generator without and with guitar string insertion","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Venturi effect; Bubble; String (physics); Generator (circuit theory); Liquid bubble; Two-phase flow; Volumetric flow rate; Flow (mathematics)","score_opus":0.00523669816393175,"score_gpt":0.16404892434115517,"score_spread":0.15881222617722343,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4414183259","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9963658,0.0019390362,0.0013380946,0.00009645307,0.00011709208,0.00009508795,0.0000054937186,0.000012091771,0.000030850184],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993831,0.00001043606,0.0004898963,0.000022954746,0.00007164977,0.000002749126,9.505327e-7,0.000014482204,0.0000038007092],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994183,0.000010448585,0.00024014658,0.00007011158,0.000086213964,0.00017477066],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99961364,0.00006731104,0.00003909572,0.00012973546,0.000048568694,0.000101647944],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014413793,0.00011490033,0.00018995117,0.00007116201,0.00005441721,0.000045095432,0.00022042671,0.00004609248,0.0000035456967],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000039909708,0.00006954219,0.000027151134,0.00014831709,0.000038636812,0.000048104586,0.000019550736,0.000286927,1.4035331e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000050894712,0.00003139009,0.0064804913,0.00006562448,0.00056335353,0.00003421157,0.0032525586,0.26678348,0.7205002,0.00086769514,0.0001445008,0.0012256054],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.008887702,0.0008618025,0.029724073,0.002624767,0.0011976516,0.00028664622,0.0048733754,0.6091673,0.33571538,0.0013442975,0.0036864728,0.0016305767],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011261007,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011455473,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.38478482,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010977144,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000082904226,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.28358483},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4414244754","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2025.105430","title":"Elongated bubble centring and high-viscosity liquids in horizontal gas-liquid slug flow: Empirical analyses and novel theory","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Centring; Slug; Slug flow; Bubble; Flow (mathematics); Wedge (geometry); Reversing; Boundary layer","score_opus":0.0144030990091523,"score_gpt":0.30526041183677904,"score_spread":0.2908573128276267,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4414244754","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.81864893,0.0008702811,0.17927197,0.00019182463,0.00079530396,0.00005332136,0.000032092787,0.00002172121,0.00011452795],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98897636,0.00037587894,0.010377572,0.00007245902,0.00015142398,0.0000016578233,0.00001078165,0.000015193259,0.000018687619],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99894345,0.0000345476,0.00046219863,0.00014317964,0.00023749187,0.00017910548],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994201,0.00018148925,0.00006315087,0.000073821095,0.00016676034,0.000094677],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003785447,0.00015900505,0.00025847432,0.00047708242,0.000039544313,0.00008410596,0.00018957611,0.0000800251,0.000016458525],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015435029,0.00014801786,0.0000725901,0.00014087763,0.000043800843,0.00025517898,0.00008732834,0.00030493212,7.5734187e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0025995297,0.00059202657,0.010107296,0.00010088724,0.0015568762,0.0008430539,0.0011846508,0.33996448,0.59541094,0.002703059,0.00042146287,0.044515733],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003876095,0.00012034573,0.0042690034,0.0003638263,0.00005315895,0.00014846842,0.000104147904,0.97109586,0.019135375,0.00033538308,0.0003054253,0.00019291807],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000048093232,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007452456,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6311314,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017925123,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000045819485,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6035993},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4414397119","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2025.105438","title":"Predictive model for bubble size distribution in a vertical pipe","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Mitacs; General Electric","keywords":"Bubble; Sauter mean diameter; Coalescence (physics); Breakup; Turbulence; Computation; Flow (mathematics); Population; Multiphase flow","score_opus":0.006254738801486084,"score_gpt":0.25756041685717984,"score_spread":0.25130567805569376,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4414397119","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.19499332,0.00009972755,0.80356276,0.00020847228,0.0008310069,0.00006961175,0.00010293922,0.0000130831795,0.000119094395],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98952633,0.000040771785,0.010196712,0.000046965684,0.00010343008,0.000008259177,0.000017618118,0.0000077293225,0.000052170635],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993552,0.000006466524,0.00031144565,0.00006193951,0.00015607639,0.000108866276],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99949133,0.00015898579,0.00002279286,0.000042624513,0.0002469429,0.0000373382],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015330473,0.00007191768,0.000115147915,0.00007953193,0.00001363966,0.000026852595,0.00016101619,0.000048570328,0.000005017927],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003307746,0.00007029168,0.00008529464,0.000057988902,0.000010437681,0.00014138769,0.000017660801,0.00013443913,7.623829e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002837099,0.00009396512,0.00027038922,0.000012102176,0.00010634094,0.000017755447,0.00011134875,0.9801304,0.0125228,0.0008767327,0.00098366,0.004590825],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002125763,0.000026598258,0.00056235614,0.00012841503,0.000014008716,0.00000822879,0.000014610779,0.9930168,0.002208744,0.0013856222,0.00045362356,0.00005522418],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000035010914,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000013557058,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.794533,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00028891012,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000057446967,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.28664115},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4414461667","doi":"10.1115/fedsm2025-158419","title":"Impact of Liquid Density on Taylor Bubble Dynamics in Airlift Pump: A Flow Visualization Study","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Airlift; Slug flow; Bubble; Flow (mathematics); Volumetric flow rate; Air bubble; Mass flow rate; Airflow","score_opus":0.005360916513568824,"score_gpt":0.26166073798032835,"score_spread":0.2562998214667595,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4414461667","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94312924,0.000012121584,0.05208793,0.00000637991,0.00014107676,0.00023808518,0.000006283411,0.00009802162,0.00428086],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995935,0.000007625977,0.0002061897,0.0000129512755,0.000007701823,0.000007185684,0.000016519829,0.000015876923,0.00013248084],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99939096,0.000017940494,0.0002233715,0.00012676221,0.0000892161,0.00015173409],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999706,0.000031935953,0.000014682532,0.00018112986,0.000040195537,0.000026060681],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014049363,0.00011524997,0.00018316084,0.00023537975,0.000019183044,0.000014464226,0.000079186015,0.000055390916,0.000018299897],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003075543,0.000107059794,0.000054187458,0.00038237215,0.000006930384,0.000057266192,0.00003285414,0.00008233075,0.000004522447],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011386915,0.00052817207,0.08307587,0.00008331077,0.00013336854,0.000008731534,0.00047671047,0.892565,0.0035932786,0.017684953,0.0001207018,0.0016160028],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004305144,0.0002702268,0.034431707,0.00002936206,0.000009513809,2.6848892e-7,0.00014676839,0.9639567,0.0005742111,0.000055680477,0.0000033284823,0.0000916842],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00061431364,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0041515357,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07139171,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00037525818,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000021797554,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.43657717},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4414673789","doi":"10.1016/j.ces.2025.122718","title":"Bubble plume dynamics in non-Newtonian ambient fluid mixture","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Science","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Bubble; Coalescence (physics); Nozzle; Rheology; Air bubble; Ambient pressure; Viscosity; Plume; Liquid bubble","score_opus":0.0018920506831714143,"score_gpt":0.1837282205672447,"score_spread":0.18183616988407328,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4414673789","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9067999,0.00020214265,0.0875389,0.00011163735,0.00090520957,0.00013943737,0.0000056191866,0.00032206535,0.0039750757],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99343324,0.000015499369,0.0063293567,0.000032820928,0.000027112397,0.000017522103,0.0000048442384,0.000020793412,0.00011884129],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99874157,0.0000013171083,0.00022436332,0.00030395517,0.00019884882,0.00052993814],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995194,0.000029438439,0.0000088048355,0.0002899364,0.00003364675,0.0001187825],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019729038,0.00018252856,0.00018131563,0.00030237687,0.00003918183,0.00007440534,0.000492717,0.00009862864,0.000004626509],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000094419185,0.0001993906,0.00004366198,0.0014099992,0.000092707276,0.00016292014,0.00011565703,0.00029834823,0.000009627755],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[9.497719e-7,0.000010463272,0.00015856393,0.00008211803,0.0000035036421,0.0000055078335,0.000048220398,0.2106975,0.78566545,0.0026834025,0.00007944272,0.00056487945],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00014913315,0.0000027447875,0.0005709076,0.00013222943,0.000002767219,0.0000028172503,0.0000120152645,0.89469856,0.103952594,0.00006761427,0.0002228661,0.00018572767],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000015261643,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000054014604,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6840011,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008126332,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005440143,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8130913},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4415759104","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.128048","title":"Oxygenation of flow at an elbow deflector: characterisation of air pocket and bubble plume formation and subsequent mass transfer","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"MPB Technologies & Communications (Canada); McGill University","funders":"Mitacs; Faculty of Engineering, McGill University; McGill University","keywords":"Bubble; Mass transfer; Flow (mathematics); Plume; Oxygenation; Elbow","score_opus":0.006481874875448861,"score_gpt":0.21644929076125946,"score_spread":0.2099674158858106,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4415759104","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.87077045,0.00067045214,0.12782958,0.0002228571,0.0002635706,0.00007940297,0.00004072658,0.000007775125,0.00011516543],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99771553,0.0015148295,0.0006389331,0.000039201776,0.000036218506,0.0000022405916,0.00002717729,0.000009559274,0.000016307906],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992125,0.000019744835,0.00041575043,0.00007367689,0.00019586486,0.00008247103],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996788,0.00002734386,0.000018559125,0.000042120144,0.00018775044,0.00004545842],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018416473,0.000099652294,0.00018207687,0.00024638898,0.000025482512,0.000022368715,0.00006487112,0.00006542247,0.000015438673],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000046413957,0.000093578026,0.000047154856,0.0000481849,0.000028709685,0.00046375417,0.0000051424604,0.00008517403,9.896195e-8],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00020189687,0.000027802886,0.0022247513,0.00019364609,0.00015698485,0.0000036126905,0.0010450638,0.004052935,0.98318857,0.0016441358,0.000015441443,0.0072451555],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0041505583,0.00038148035,0.10421248,0.00057514093,0.00018210763,0.00014279061,0.0002452627,0.4555867,0.43108085,0.0020894292,0.0010344606,0.00031871637],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000133745425,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004892353,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5521077,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000072055715,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001772245,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3816001},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416166939","doi":"10.3390/pr13113665","title":"An Extended Rayleigh Equation for the Uniform Inviscid Plane Flow with Gas Bubble Crossflow","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Processes","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Inviscid flow; Lift (data mining); Bubble; Plane (geometry); Potential flow; Rayleigh scattering; Flow (mathematics); Lift coefficient","score_opus":0.008233676485211006,"score_gpt":0.2250124679358553,"score_spread":0.2167787914506443,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4416166939","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.048454084,0.0023236505,0.94560546,0.00025478887,0.00024197396,0.00046451032,0.00003315952,0.00032243997,0.002299962],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9908208,0.00027439315,0.008220131,0.00008031157,0.00006922548,0.00014988845,0.000066197754,0.000025061654,0.00029396234],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.999519,0.0000025597449,0.00010437927,0.000120836245,0.000078345765,0.00017489294],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996074,0.00010411078,0.000015219929,0.00015136787,0.00009725966,0.000024637815],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010165049,0.00010341333,0.00008769371,0.000047047197,0.00015557035,0.000116295865,0.00014998871,0.000036554247,0.0000076238553],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000043442185,0.00006909978,0.000013361934,0.00023034739,0.00002325518,0.0001821017,0.0000104064675,0.00006149998,0.0000023635093],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013961332,0.000074184885,0.0005498407,0.0033474606,0.000135747,0.0000025458705,0.0011210261,0.932124,0.004179671,0.0049283598,0.0011916149,0.052205894],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00038513468,0.000064354615,0.00017982796,0.00008042985,0.000031698764,0.0000021197725,0.00013941125,0.979573,0.010540178,0.0028074158,0.0060663116,0.0001300783],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000153335,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002517032,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9423667,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000026701042,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000719295,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.28178072},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416397413","doi":"10.1016/j.cherd.2025.11.023","title":"A scale-up framework for aerated coaxial mixers with yield-pseudoplastic fluids","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Process Safety and Environmental Protection","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Computational fluid dynamics; Coaxial; Mixing (physics); Aeration; Mass transfer; Constant (computer programming); Reduction (mathematics); Flow (mathematics)","score_opus":0.004375923827282514,"score_gpt":0.18321791389877085,"score_spread":0.17884199007148832,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4416397413","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.113566935,0.00014774129,0.8850889,0.00007095071,0.00022873435,0.0005620664,0.000021959435,0.00011426923,0.00019842523],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983067,0.00014538119,0.0010771535,0.000029474488,0.00003852841,0.00020721988,0.00002243034,0.000022684979,0.00015041091],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994038,0.0000054633115,0.00014022742,0.00019662328,0.000075382966,0.00017852633],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998355,0.000030704305,0.000017517748,0.000071092334,0.0000049570135,0.00004025816],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00005951818,0.00014587196,0.00012549925,0.00005213565,0.0002060464,0.000030273732,0.000042844236,0.00011776019,0.000013350825],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000012684851,0.00012388,0.000022885673,0.00010724656,0.000053164516,0.000117709045,0.000014491142,0.00018864922,0.000002484017],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.005315114,0.00025606478,0.0025480546,0.0041444604,0.00049470743,0.0000052471473,0.0020634793,0.6849715,0.13469733,0.0024655827,0.00006784123,0.16297063],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012412395,0.0002665211,0.0015041139,0.00042839072,0.00007917139,0.000019713274,0.00059085415,0.97823566,0.013248344,0.0030877409,0.0008942476,0.00040397272],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008398006,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000011182829,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.88473976,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008139082,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008811291,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.50516796},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416664804","doi":"10.1002/cjce.70155","title":"Numerical research of flow performance and structure optimization of the U‐tooth impeller","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation","keywords":"Impeller; Agitator; Mixing (physics); Suspension (topology); Torque; Rushton turbine; Slip factor; Particle (ecology)","score_opus":0.005389276844050537,"score_gpt":0.19610754509370942,"score_spread":0.19071826824965887,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4416664804","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9927335,0.00069105317,0.005833168,0.00017126992,0.0002644645,0.000055768796,0.0000055796077,0.0000041074445,0.00024109008],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99852127,0.00001588192,0.0014004619,0.0000065781132,0.000033120297,3.4063785e-7,3.4968863e-7,0.000009908922,0.0000120767145],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994847,0.000008508849,0.00020125583,0.00003593598,0.00011853801,0.0001510485],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996395,0.00005547651,0.000025629874,0.00010651778,0.00009788355,0.000074980744],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019218626,0.00006104837,0.00012325126,0.00011098138,0.0000341541,0.000012909442,0.00020758028,0.000053731215,0.000009374067],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000980318,0.000040352137,0.000035176174,0.00028905724,0.00006123289,0.00003904248,0.000015775582,0.00036191175,4.3657963e-8],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000022710274,6.97841e-7,0.00017113413,0.00008200955,0.000023210441,4.7432633e-7,0.00012980723,0.9615176,0.037186228,0.0002486434,0.00014970059,0.00048826172],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009996757,0.0000064846504,0.00038473666,0.00015563473,0.000009154558,0.000012941494,0.0000070202104,0.94845265,0.050655384,0.00003702195,0.00014201622,0.000037001264],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000110163484,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000024147927,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.013469158,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008199827,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012930989,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.16455123},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416669321","doi":"10.1002/cjce.70172","title":"Spectral solution of population balance equations using barycentric Lagrange polynomials: Application to stirred tank reactor hydrodynamics","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Barycentric coordinate system; Lagrange polynomial; Population balance equation; Interpolation (computer graphics); Population; Quadrature (astronomy); Nyström method; Polynomial; Spectral method","score_opus":0.006157803527067465,"score_gpt":0.19860462587565436,"score_spread":0.1924468223485869,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4416669321","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7309105,0.0003472846,0.2680009,0.00020450809,0.0003280129,0.00012243653,0.000015679772,0.000020816946,0.000049889295],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99698186,0.0000036180686,0.002852993,0.000013622385,0.000112832946,0.0000021386454,0.000010574184,0.000017680493,0.0000046881873],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992454,0.0000070353776,0.0003594518,0.00006737983,0.00010327304,0.00021743303],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995175,0.00006569495,0.000064018896,0.00013260182,0.000067877474,0.00015228796],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001850964,0.000102846694,0.00017365742,0.00027706544,0.00003825417,0.0000256805,0.00017954876,0.00006877592,0.0000026513003],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014794164,0.00010048903,0.00006530792,0.00043961665,0.0000129798,0.00009051389,0.000008630791,0.00019291634,6.0936804e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002998258,0.0000021853155,0.00014989705,0.000029137596,0.000023374025,8.2628446e-7,0.00005534402,0.63663447,0.3612672,0.0013309965,0.000031691714,0.00047187525],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00012889548,0.0000050052618,0.00087187043,0.000105385916,0.000036599115,0.000007752181,0.0000038938824,0.9904779,0.008045053,0.00013214769,0.000095561314,0.00008991273],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0020029277,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006816298,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.35384345,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006799153,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000103289516,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.40978238},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416775425","doi":"10.1061/jhend8.hyeng-14394","title":"Liquid Slug Motion in Vertical Risers with Limited Ventilation","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Hydraulic Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Slug flow; Slug; Body orifice; Laminar flow; Flow (mathematics); Front (military); Bubble; Mass flow; Computational fluid dynamics","score_opus":0.002765592004207909,"score_gpt":0.18111927876902975,"score_spread":0.17835368676482183,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4416775425","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.80300015,0.00038131414,0.19564418,0.00006532604,0.00036980072,0.00004473981,2.4475435e-7,0.00004424716,0.00044996952],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983225,0.00006378701,0.0015125324,0.00001648994,0.00005269426,0.000001810443,0.00000108726,0.00001882219,0.000010287293],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993352,0.000006058563,0.0003137079,0.000060774644,0.0001210875,0.00016314446],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99978286,0.000033207427,0.00002133321,0.00007825416,0.000038052887,0.000046308265],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015522202,0.000103197766,0.00016869314,0.00039612682,0.000012199687,0.000021096883,0.00008065334,0.0000567021,0.0000037296277],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003719606,0.000096986565,0.000048814338,0.00034649935,0.0000059207428,0.00018028845,0.000010196792,0.0002533755,0.0000013876527],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004444915,0.000014086288,0.0004445035,0.00006407673,0.000039720846,0.00003262835,0.000073602234,0.96551913,0.03257907,0.00027387586,0.000038199254,0.0008766387],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006311797,0.000087800574,0.018296642,0.00044611175,0.000028581997,0.00002661616,0.000020915986,0.97195697,0.0075494833,0.000016767402,0.0008171834,0.000121725476],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000024365572,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000052280297,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.19532232,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014447387,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016956663,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3954997},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416880080","doi":"10.1080/00219592.2025.2588982","title":"Comprehensive Analysis of the Overall Gas Holdup Profiles in Various Air-Water Bubble Columns","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING OF JAPAN","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Sparging; Exponent; Homogeneous; Bubble; Mass transfer; Contactor; Flow (mathematics); Gas bubble","score_opus":0.0033313496031147512,"score_gpt":0.1849834605441404,"score_spread":0.18165211094102562,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4416880080","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9970768,0.00027663776,0.002130732,0.00006423548,0.00019623869,0.00006137101,0.0000064334104,0.000013150812,0.00017437982],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986041,0.000023721534,0.0012902674,0.000017899483,0.000023278892,0.0000012129452,0.000002235264,0.000014097781,0.000023194252],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989971,0.000007677397,0.0005719698,0.00007196868,0.00017009133,0.00018120116],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995314,0.00007509849,0.00007599683,0.00016506574,0.00010456409,0.000047895453],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011075946,0.00012419547,0.00048646535,0.00035028515,0.0000070363094,0.000007875258,0.00024432418,0.000083571416,0.000012204008],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000047375524,0.000092455724,0.00025773328,0.00047198017,0.000027514368,0.000056352754,0.000058112415,0.00029425256,2.3704418e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000071982045,0.000020446869,0.00091589766,0.00012623517,0.00035333863,0.0000010977426,0.00012501248,0.46420857,0.5339547,0.00016808449,0.00007013295,0.000049302304],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005689781,0.000022805667,0.010396967,0.00032755063,0.00033498535,0.0000071728246,0.00002690625,0.5269305,0.46074906,0.00013034002,0.00036386534,0.00014084693],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000027116992,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000024103822,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.073205605,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010420715,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000026258509,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3770235},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416932159","doi":"10.1002/cjce.70191","title":"Experiment and modelling of the mixing power consumption in a stirred tank with wet‐particles","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Impeller; Mixing (physics); Shear thinning; Power consumption; Rheology; Power (physics); Flow (mathematics); Volume (thermodynamics)","score_opus":0.007520380012947844,"score_gpt":0.17446086899883492,"score_spread":0.1669404889858871,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4416932159","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9889886,0.0015613761,0.009099533,0.00015188662,0.00009894539,0.00005060004,0.0000012198032,0.0000054386455,0.000042450385],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990417,0.000007858207,0.00091401435,0.000011400833,0.000009802565,0.0000015176115,9.800322e-8,0.000009977412,0.0000036743224],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995332,0.000005199111,0.00019978528,0.000041974487,0.00006921049,0.00015063288],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997536,0.00004227031,0.000026051503,0.00008207192,0.000022576745,0.00007345576],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012666568,0.00007487729,0.000120052995,0.00008705957,0.000022354518,0.000021723941,0.00011340188,0.00003266275,0.0000022101906],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000019387051,0.000049718183,0.00002680704,0.00012220518,0.000039972547,0.00004467147,0.000009703551,0.00019364848,7.283441e-8],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005188132,0.0000018343568,0.00057911355,0.000035838028,0.000027659631,0.000004154895,0.00045579832,0.8521916,0.14571339,0.00086976483,0.000012795992,0.00010284274],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003097291,0.000007121423,0.00037533033,0.0005081003,0.000016557768,0.00002498842,0.000045069268,0.8867843,0.11168744,0.00010294766,0.00006155964,0.000076812874],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00022734771,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00023277363,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03459272,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012416058,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006196697,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.20274486},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W59732440","doi":"10.1205/cherd06180","title":"Intensifying Mass Transfer Between Immiscible Liquids","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Process Safety and Environmental Protection","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Contactor; Mass transfer; Dissipation; Mechanics; Current (fluid); Energy transfer; Flow (mathematics); Materials science; Residence time (fluid dynamics); Mass transfer coefficient; Extraction (chemistry); Process engineering; Mixing (physics); Thermodynamics; Environmental science; Chemistry; Chemical physics; Chromatography; Physics; Engineering; Power (physics)","score_opus":0.007043448812065941,"score_gpt":0.1839250747231219,"score_spread":0.17688162591105594,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W59732440","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.35707805,0.0002000539,0.64122206,0.000018854227,0.000070498136,0.0001726775,0.000006695498,0.00010418007,0.0011269517],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994425,0.00022793785,0.00013986303,0.000013008358,0.00007923708,0.000012078621,0.000017443417,0.000027368744,0.000040540064],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99933726,0.000005031121,0.00018253189,0.00015923276,0.00010035893,0.00021556906],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998512,0.000008512688,0.00000862382,0.000062583546,0.000002773911,0.00006628134],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020648033,0.0001253151,0.00010781409,0.00005603987,0.00013937229,0.000016376982,0.000040521245,0.00009215593,0.000017887427],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000024745718,0.00013012528,0.000026777598,0.00006906305,0.000038928087,0.00017996326,0.000010350889,0.00019315243,0.000008611332],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00035317382,0.00005791878,0.007445458,0.0009845635,0.00015793278,0.000013424577,0.0023946487,0.10678476,0.6191528,0.00021973967,0.0000032642658,0.2624323],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0023246557,0.0004846459,0.055254396,0.00027429927,0.00012684132,0.000090700894,0.0030536419,0.6975914,0.23111767,0.0020629303,0.005983367,0.0016354356],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000010822943,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000050692024,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6423645,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000085165164,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000017261,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5306355},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W629820617","doi":"10.71781/17184","title":"Étude de l'influence de la réassociation en surface des atomes N et O sur l'inactivation des spores bactériennes dans une post-décharge N2-O2 basse pression en flux","year":2013,"lang":"fr","type":"dissertation","venue":"Open MIND","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Chemistry; Physics","score_opus":0.007101993863356693,"score_gpt":0.2702156014085375,"score_spread":0.2631136075451808,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W629820617","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99096847,0.00057152164,0.0039674733,0.00006906557,0.00020722742,0.00096704194,0.00019791284,0.000028730714,0.0030225797],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9410882,0.0008609644,0.049826022,0.000015111396,0.00007498708,0.00008682172,0.0022054985,0.00015582707,0.005686588],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99700683,0.0005923982,0.00065679906,0.0006103552,0.00035764952,0.0007759605],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99744546,0.0011472175,0.0003893063,0.00035059988,0.0004407866,0.00022665008],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001699288,0.0006276956,0.0005940967,0.00016804837,0.00041584246,0.000813287,0.00070979766,0.0008623709,0.00048517683],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00096373627,0.00068628497,0.00015156568,0.0004058488,0.00009453554,0.0021919406,0.00016003236,0.00064483087,0.00016327742],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006733343,0.00015545414,0.10000347,0.00039415114,0.00016993984,0.00002001415,0.05869634,0.08769992,0.7424017,0.0009337051,0.00007732624,0.009380636],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00055146194,0.000072435716,0.7169332,0.0013639622,0.00015399886,0.000016279384,0.0075377617,0.068930365,0.2027167,0.0005936113,0.00043140035,0.0006988481],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.027712137,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.013799286,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6169297,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0015214906,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00046197046,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995588},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6921827122","doi":"10.1021/ie5017927.s001","title":"Negative\\nImpact of High Stirring Speed in Laboratory-Scale\\nThree-Phase Hydrogenations","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Figshare","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Impeller; Work (physics); Kinetic energy; Remainder; Catalysis; Power (physics)","score_opus":0.012914125439958889,"score_gpt":0.23768602834146266,"score_spread":0.22477190290150376,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6921827122","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7902873,0.00019525539,0.00014976852,0.00004634432,0.000089529145,0.00021183076,0.20701207,0.00018705825,0.0018207963],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980868,0.000004652753,0.00015866393,0.000008255578,0.000038134825,0.000016837676,0.0016173334,0.000029127408,0.00004019939],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993987,0.000010778304,0.00018973892,0.000112085,0.000099275094,0.00018943433],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995861,0.00009843724,0.000031537125,0.00016359409,0.000057364112,0.00006297288],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000034183628,0.00010879518,0.0001426735,0.00012652513,0.00001879743,0.000012072383,0.00011557776,0.000059478123,0.012892541],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00025014195,0.00009145964,0.000035131598,0.00025418896,0.0000054650227,0.00016646601,0.000029861238,0.000070681155,0.0001993576],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005820348,0.00043226354,0.0022017458,0.0012555136,0.000257551,0.00014694994,0.0018370377,0.055606004,0.8046728,0.0015934695,0.0972238,0.034714714],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.009289669,0.00023731477,0.043498274,0.011180589,0.000033634224,0.000009038791,0.00014204564,0.33909744,0.5773632,0.0011487403,0.016348243,0.0016518087],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000017336117,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00011930693,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.28349143,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000083106504,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002624421,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9880098},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6931827966","doi":"10.5683/sp3/jhfiod","title":"Environics Focus Canada 1997-3","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"dataset","venue":"Borealis","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Innovative Research Group (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Public opinion; Focus (optics); Field (mathematics); Focus group; Government (linguistics)","score_opus":0.0031568219847377685,"score_gpt":0.16758547486947992,"score_spread":0.16442865288474215,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6931827966","genre_codex":"dataset","genre_gemma":"dataset","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"dataset","genre_consensus":"dataset","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000010156976,0.0005122985,0.000039278144,0.000032205025,0.0003550908,0.000075814256,0.99810416,0.000057387493,0.00081360043],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.000024248011,0.0006781685,0.00008040102,0.000066568864,0.00027147407,0.0000139679005,0.9988015,0.000045130837,0.000018541028],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99915785,0.0000056071126,0.00018111255,0.00016573942,0.00019094544,0.0002987487],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99920964,0.000026765856,0.0000282338,0.00061180355,0.000011362331,0.00011221446],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00004927534,0.00024061395,0.00022170258,0.00004889755,0.00004243347,0.000032180327,0.00033328982,0.00030742085,0.000075666045],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000017826751,0.00025209357,0.000048355843,0.000042220203,0.000016824213,0.000023415885,0.000053079886,0.00060639647,0.000008709691],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[4.1908925e-7,0.000002808531,2.850436e-7,0.000049428465,0.000027358592,0.000049876297,0.0000023524508,0.0004083504,0.000012363404,0.000034069817,0.9985375,0.0008751952],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006474841,0.000004206664,0.00001265326,0.000016693708,0.000031634983,0.000008135696,0.0000014683474,0.0024636853,0.000018286517,0.000026746553,0.99706405,0.0002876973],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9955136,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.999793,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.004279427,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018645391,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00019874338,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99999315},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7000562826","doi":"","title":"Frothers and gas dispersion: A review of the structure-property-function relationship","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Shell Canada; Barrick Gold Corporation","keywords":"Alkyl; Ethylene oxide; Bubble; Coalescence (physics); Propylene oxide; Molecule; Chain (unit)","score_opus":0.008327068987939062,"score_gpt":0.19857689000197337,"score_spread":0.19024982101403431,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7000562826","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8779275,0.07647677,0.0073593617,0.0087719215,0.004349325,0.002505434,0.00015967146,0.00056741043,0.021882659],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9861615,0.011655722,0.0007287855,0.00041482865,0.0002049282,0.000010081161,0.000012231453,0.00007048531,0.00074144616],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988123,0.0000757745,0.00039704653,0.00028260678,0.0001678556,0.00026436898],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990608,0.00011454479,0.00012550995,0.00051914435,0.00009108105,0.000088939596],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000269377,0.00024613537,0.00028487633,0.00009772717,0.00020231714,0.00003631629,0.00026061427,0.0001263944,0.00016725584],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015588253,0.00016501438,0.000107002,0.00029325145,0.0001979241,0.00023574161,0.00009914433,0.0002948784,0.000021620615],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0011260522,0.00034450763,0.07747905,0.032337498,0.0020279554,0.000014137154,0.012794599,0.012680977,0.2547489,0.08648884,0.23506816,0.2848893],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0029925443,0.0005030256,0.014089782,0.01203426,0.0007312862,0.00011579315,0.0012349993,0.16810332,0.009560598,0.00485404,0.7838203,0.0019600708],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003396423,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007417043,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5487521,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000118360855,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004579905,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.67290914},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7001301551","doi":"","title":"Issues in species recovery: an example on the Wyoming toad","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Digital Collections of Colorado (Colorado State University)","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"U.S. Geological Survey","keywords":"Miller; Endangered species; Perspective (graphical); Amphibian; Foundation (evidence); Public policy; Best practice","score_opus":0.01714172443634998,"score_gpt":0.18387502912309284,"score_spread":0.16673330468674286,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7001301551","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8885098,0.000028343025,0.0029818162,0.00006854702,0.0002323013,0.00029805573,0.00007441333,0.00015080736,0.10765588],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.987474,0.000117288495,0.00019984417,0.000016509694,0.000023387258,0.0000012971533,0.000014876407,0.00002763615,0.01212513],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99903965,0.000025493851,0.00023179754,0.00021137275,0.00015619963,0.00033549624],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992417,0.000282134,0.000051722247,0.00026096086,0.000081956576,0.00008154329],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020710017,0.00017756948,0.00022204006,0.0009253844,0.0002451094,0.00013916225,0.00027479086,0.00007211239,0.00004050583],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000038253304,0.0001807615,0.00008086852,0.00211927,0.000104216924,0.0006444542,0.00005732043,0.00020178952,0.000009114383],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0038186277,0.002458314,0.011071644,0.00028919088,0.0009442895,0.0009561727,0.01679658,0.68830293,0.019332604,0.20778748,0.025480712,0.022761468],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0045440504,0.0043320465,0.030127363,0.00040551857,0.00010675521,0.00003348249,0.04320875,0.09027004,0.013750462,0.008337122,0.8022877,0.0025967306],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00034791487,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005351969,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.77680695,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00040481766,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000047979767,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.737124},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7004996524","doi":"","title":"Oxygen transfer and nitrification processes in a three-phase fluidized bed reactor","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"The Atrium (University of Guelph)","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Mass transfer; Fluidized bed; Oxygen; Mass transfer coefficient; Nitrification; Residence time (fluid dynamics); Residence time distribution; Mixing (physics)","score_opus":0.010004134653843519,"score_gpt":0.20474037445112142,"score_spread":0.1947362397972779,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7004996524","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9963906,0.0017906779,0.00032863015,0.00004881489,0.00006956496,0.0003089465,0.000053565385,0.000065512475,0.00094370195],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99659944,0.0025863475,0.000101597965,0.0000029115488,0.000020944335,9.1702196e-7,0.0003848283,0.00002644447,0.00027658418],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99941516,0.000017353692,0.00013710381,0.00016637227,0.00012042103,0.00014358478],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999641,0.000047096757,0.000030683048,0.0001843349,0.000059768052,0.000037105794],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000110999536,0.00015923814,0.00025069778,0.00019246964,0.00006506732,0.00001327432,0.00023082108,0.0001771731,0.000058015077],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009633938,0.0001688417,0.000059204078,0.00030467263,0.000032666125,0.00013240859,0.0000068402824,0.00019636449,0.000006826172],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00096743624,0.000083249906,0.000041598778,0.0012808213,0.00013711132,0.000015522668,0.0125787435,0.0001737495,0.9721922,0.0002393905,0.00015764308,0.012132489],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.057604834,0.0014911267,0.4300549,0.0058099492,0.005960916,0.00007644315,0.082235895,0.29125813,0.082118765,0.008218596,0.025930615,0.009239829],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004307661,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0034103387,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8900735,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000045128883,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006435455,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.68851644},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7084109701","doi":"10.64628/aam.yudpugpfh","title":"The Ontario government’s shameful snub of affordable housing","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Government (linguistics); Affordable housing; Work (physics); Real estate; Agency (philosophy)","score_opus":0.0023496349322422276,"score_gpt":0.13983259990264277,"score_spread":0.13748296497040055,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7084109701","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.83370245,0.00006941561,0.0018456492,0.000014039375,0.00031864573,0.00006739334,0.0000013498933,0.00004180397,0.16393924],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98561627,0.000018183804,0.00087492703,0.000015180496,0.000010824982,0.0000013945872,6.0724176e-7,0.000013761476,0.013448861],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.999577,0.0000020166947,0.000103151855,0.000054445485,0.00012428297,0.00013912281],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99976933,0.000029868728,0.00001189785,0.00016413105,0.0000072393686,0.000017551849],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007843808,0.000057802525,0.00007137219,0.000006172281,0.000022958033,0.000022220685,0.000089393485,0.000022745755,0.00019286716],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000023691657,0.000040625768,0.00003243233,0.00003357472,0.000008542424,0.00005143454,0.000029192435,0.00006288265,0.000036575584],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005727682,0.000093703435,0.15161449,0.00034425664,0.0004910351,0.000007732522,0.0046367366,0.41539362,0.2269938,0.14853469,0.011876816,0.03995584],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006642596,0.00007680602,0.010941045,0.00007572435,0.000021632546,0.0000036302795,0.0006109005,0.7457866,0.021330275,0.0007391194,0.21935092,0.0003991061],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0021475537,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.026128631,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.33039296,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014365526,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010570458,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.991642},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7096748733","doi":"","title":"Author manuscript, published in &amp;quot;8th World Congress of Chemical Engineering, Montréal: Canada (2009)&amp;quot; A SIMPLE GAS-LIQUID MASS TRANSFER JET SYSTEM,","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Body orifice; Jet (fluid); Mass transfer; Bubble; Volume (thermodynamics); Dispersion (optics); Coaxial","score_opus":0.007620009229023503,"score_gpt":0.18651002924545673,"score_spread":0.17889002001643323,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7096748733","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96221805,0.001096011,0.028458623,0.00059533544,0.0013712771,0.00069034647,0.000225836,0.0007691694,0.0045753764],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99536604,0.000012634368,0.0027791087,0.00010218953,0.00009279908,0.000038122616,0.00013273451,0.000093486764,0.0013828754],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99723625,0.000028172399,0.0009391951,0.00043903806,0.00046355932,0.0008937771],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99885815,0.00006292274,0.000039141298,0.0006036105,0.0001056873,0.0003305107],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00034384595,0.0004967163,0.00076668715,0.00039982813,0.000029584931,0.000093254814,0.0004304863,0.00019689582,0.00018647965],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006452213,0.0004894293,0.00014106078,0.0006846222,0.00002204993,0.00026243072,0.00002966239,0.00046621295,0.000006683053],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00019605833,0.00018013034,0.0007742655,0.0016273963,0.00030065677,0.00020441362,0.0005548161,0.15102816,0.5959028,0.019759044,0.22891276,0.0005595023],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003700709,0.00013377296,0.0009084572,0.00080193725,0.00013980258,0.00008600797,0.00025047286,0.7575658,0.076432064,0.00012078358,0.15732087,0.002539298],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.11671614,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.45016813,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.60653764,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006046431,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012885452,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99975574},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7116652825","doi":"10.37934/scsl.4.1.1427","title":"Two-Phase Flow Regimes Characterization via Pressure Heat Map Recognition","year":2025,"lang":"","type":"article","venue":"Semarak Climate Science Letters","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Yayasan UTP; Universiti Teknologi Petronas","keywords":"Bubble; Flow (mathematics); Characterization (materials science); SIGNAL (programming language); Slug flow; Opacity; Deep learning; Flow visualization","score_opus":0.006797469554410222,"score_gpt":0.24050691014248268,"score_spread":0.23370944058807247,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7116652825","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7565354,0.0008070686,0.20592932,0.016326573,0.013444417,0.0016017136,0.00059308234,0.00064148044,0.004120949],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9777511,0.0021789172,0.008525702,0.009186519,0.00069376593,0.000109004526,0.00083708373,0.00013811959,0.00057983823],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9961146,0.00008267548,0.00074350217,0.0010636032,0.0006010392,0.0013945749],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987005,0.00006781677,0.000118175696,0.00073282095,0.00015950063,0.00022118964],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011795813,0.00052492466,0.00046116835,0.00083430123,0.0009068958,0.0007898078,0.0006781164,0.00015852349,0.00015393586],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000062106745,0.0005944206,0.00016434575,0.0018558913,0.0005525718,0.0017424322,0.00027555265,0.00043594066,0.0002281301],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000050766343,0.000083086015,0.00013519873,0.00077036343,0.00005681862,0.000023622519,0.00049055216,0.023042265,0.9444114,0.00038431116,0.00041007897,0.030141558],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013861803,0.00005711228,0.00089012284,0.0010215162,0.0001758045,0.000012836465,0.00005969862,0.97294945,0.018567467,0.00012287997,0.004104226,0.00065268757],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000041040978,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000066535,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9499072,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003027397,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000102458995,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996507},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7117161629","doi":"10.1016/j.ces.2025.123229","title":"Hydrodynamics and mass transfer in developing gravity-driven slug flows: experimental characterization and semi-empirical analytical modeling","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Science","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Ontario Agri-Food Innovation Alliance; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs","keywords":"Slug flow; Mass transfer; Void (composites); Hydrostatic equilibrium; Porosity; Flow (mathematics); Two-phase flow; Visualization; Flow visualization","score_opus":0.008134006439948393,"score_gpt":0.23112218657132938,"score_spread":0.222988180131381,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7117161629","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.65586555,0.0000715751,0.34377053,0.00004347629,0.000080829814,0.000056628916,0.0000017543674,0.0000766386,0.000033037784],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99360245,0.00004484482,0.006270522,0.000028829883,0.000015394578,0.000010147454,0.000007078705,0.000015472786,0.00000523436],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990104,0.000002986861,0.00022078531,0.00030907893,0.00013664777,0.00032012272],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997501,0.000027505039,0.0000040402597,0.00010185487,0.000019028726,0.000097472606],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013977887,0.00016130727,0.00018231822,0.00022868403,0.00004657188,0.0000816086,0.00013684128,0.00008540135,8.4436493e-7],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000038207174,0.00017770121,0.00001943191,0.0005561451,0.00007701439,0.00022608099,0.0000618648,0.00019698555,4.3923154e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000015934625,0.000004706423,0.00032972114,0.000050751496,0.0000033742142,0.0000020608945,0.000102551996,0.21506019,0.7829076,0.0014146236,2.5635347e-7,0.00012254446],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001786898,0.000004179096,0.00031652066,0.00011660627,0.000004446469,0.0000045786924,0.000014297283,0.9656148,0.033510778,0.000027090271,0.00001986422,0.00018817588],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000018187551,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.5790972e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.75055456,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021132542,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000035348683,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7246445},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7133071893","doi":"","title":"Modelling Smelt Cooling and Dissolution in a Dissolving Tank","year":2023,"lang":"","type":"dissertation","venue":"TSpace","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Toronto; FPInnovations","keywords":"Smelt; Dissolution; Decantation; Particle size; Homogeneous","score_opus":0.016691987793298082,"score_gpt":0.27926786779003154,"score_spread":0.2625758799967335,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7133071893","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9535521,0.005585501,0.037290186,0.000075036325,0.0015921318,0.00050248305,0.000011255271,0.00024692825,0.0011443662],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.985771,0.006662845,0.0015880252,0.0000045430784,0.00019076098,0.000057578523,0.00035384993,0.00028142598,0.0050899475],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9972978,0.0000449593,0.0007085406,0.00074083527,0.00030926857,0.0008985436],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989837,0.00026831208,0.00015810718,0.00033206068,0.00007316988,0.00018468236],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004474697,0.0006434282,0.00068866124,0.0006233442,0.00025203777,0.00022816953,0.00019266266,0.0005748677,0.000029926734],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000118213815,0.00082830724,0.00013009862,0.00074830843,0.000032112228,0.00022778808,0.00008629377,0.00095876853,0.00004982867],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000055533237,0.000020250323,0.00026377305,0.0012279622,0.00006190824,0.000039635837,0.02551881,0.96101034,0.008593195,0.0017423398,0.000014531236,0.0014517165],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00044620698,0.000025913576,0.0015399402,0.0029141812,0.00008502431,0.000005027043,0.007025887,0.9864771,0.000114825336,0.0005399057,0.000034793273,0.00079123344],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0033516174,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018990267,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.035702158,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003635908,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006754478,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99941677},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7151450656","doi":"10.1002/j.1538-9235.2000.tb03296.x","title":"(VS‐119) <b>INCREASED FOVEAL‐CHOROIDAL BLOOD FLOW IN MAN DURING BILATERAL COLD PRESSOR TESTING</b>","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optometry and Vision Science","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Association for Canadian Studies; Université de Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Blood flow; Cold pressor test; Hemodynamics; Blood pressure; Epinephrine","score_opus":0.005313511063419118,"score_gpt":0.28858824498748514,"score_spread":0.28327473392406605,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7151450656","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99698687,0.00014317289,0.00007210519,0.000016657,0.00010740176,0.0001178742,0.000008142206,0.00011570014,0.002432068],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9953873,0.0000595408,0.0042170435,0.000031115676,0.000037827645,0.0000067791343,0.0000011155993,0.000015866495,0.00024342067],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99867755,0.000012833644,0.00022332747,0.0003605047,0.00029736618,0.0004283915],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994957,0.00006601114,0.000017031974,0.00021699372,0.000030968557,0.00017331076],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000460954,0.00015094542,0.0001612745,0.00036361045,0.00020796194,0.00021115414,0.00025503637,0.00005817315,0.000086230895],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006790401,0.0001422779,0.000023282351,0.0013652352,0.00012009514,0.0005077855,0.00007142331,0.00016439505,0.00001839204],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000046034154,0.00011140155,0.08262914,0.0001632411,0.000007791339,0.000065633125,0.0002469516,0.01915446,0.87692183,0.000047774396,0.000026410136,0.020579321],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009011435,0.000080979036,0.3615096,0.0001730599,0.0000069002017,0.000039382227,0.000008736814,0.60845786,0.028336095,0.000019955238,0.00018543472,0.0002808518],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000033149954,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000023067712,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8485857,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000037698057,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000017145576,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.58019245},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}